This study makes an investigation on mental health status of P.E college freshmen using University Personality Inventory and Basic Status Questionnaire.94 freshmen(18.11% of total) are categorized as Class Ⅰ,137(26.40% of total) are categorized as Class Ⅱ,and 288(55.49% of total) are categorized as Class Ⅲ. There is no significant difference between male freshmen and female freshmen,but they have different kinds of problems in mental health.The mental health status of the freshmen satisfying with their school and major are better than that of the ones who have the negative view.Sport exercises have a significant impact on the mental health of the students,but the frequency and time-span of sport exercises do not have significant impact on the mental health of the freshmen.The mental status of the students feeling happy after exercises is better than that of the students feeling unhappy.


22 typical plots in Haikou forest farm of Kunming were selected for the investigation on its productivity,community structure,resistance,soil conditions. The forest ecosystem health index( FEHI) model was used for the evaluation on the forest health status. The results showed that different species composition of forest lead different health degree,Pinus armandii forest Cypress forest Eucalyptus forest; The health status is different for the same tree species with different forest age,matures forest near-mature forest middle aged forest. In the 22 sample plots,11 plots are in sub health,accounting for 50. 0% of the total,10 plots are in health,accounting for45. 5% of the total,only one in good health and accounting for 4. 5% of the total,unhealthy and high-quality forest are none. In general,forest health status of Haikou forest farm is healthy.


In the search of high-performance anode materials for next-generation Li-ion batteries, more efforts are needed on new structural prototypes. Motivated by the negative thermal expansion effect in a loosely packed crystal structure type, we are intrigued by the possibility of exploiting new anode materials in a suitable phase structure with much-reduced intrinsic volume strain. Herein, we report a new pyrochlore phase anode material, Ce2Sn2O7, which shows atomic Sn confined in a conductive 3D percolating Ce–O framework. Based on the concept of structural openness, pyrochlore Ce2Sn2O7 possesses open structures to tolerate the volume change. Notably, the Ce–O network is quite robust against the charge/discharge process, which accounts for the high structural stability observed in the experiment. Ultimately, Ce2Sn2O7 electrodes achieve a capacity as high as 631.1 mA h g−1 and excellent cycling stability. This atom-confining strategy of atomic Sn in the conductive 3D percolating Ce–O framework might be exploited as a general strategy for reducing cycling strain in ion-storage materials.


In the philosophical meaning, the cooperative is a result of the knowing experimentally development and includes the interaction between: persons of consequence – through ideas and attitudes, state – through laws and institutes, experiences – through structures and effects. In Romania, in the first half of the XIXth century, and to the threshold of the Second World War, are remarked numerous persons of consequence who promote and support the cooperative movement, such as P.S. Aurelian, Spiru Haret, Ion Raducanu, Virgil Madgearu, Mitita Constantinescu and Nicolae Cornateanu. The state has accepted the cooperative as an instrument of the democratization of the capital and profit. The cooperative movement had fight continuously towards promotion of the collaboration principle between cooperative companies, principle by virtue of which the organizations can manifest independence in confrontation with the state. The experiences had been substantiated mostly on the ideology of modern cooperative systems: Rochdale, Raiffaisen and Schulttze. The Romanian cooperative movement appeared, just like in the majority of European states, on a background of some restrictions in the agricultural field, generated by a complex of factors among which the main position in a constant way had been hold by the contest between the big and small agricultural farms. In Romania, during the period before and after-war, cooperatives' organization worked successfully as credit cooperatives or economical cooperatives (consumption cooperatives, supply and sale cooperatives, forestry cooperatives, purchase community, leasing community, etc.). The various shapes of the cooperative movements shows the potential which those have had in the purpose of their economical development and social situation improvement of the farmers. The potential was narrowed not only by the legislative and institutional instability, but more by the agricultural market size and intensity. The cooperatives activities efficiency was depending, before all, on the economic and social environment within which they were acting. But the economic environment was imposing as market partner, the farm as an economic-social entity with autarchic behaviour. In consequence the cooperative sector's performances were conditioned by the farms' performances.


In this Application Note an Agilent 1200 Series Rapid Resolution LC system was provide a liquid chromatography offering ultra fast and highest analysis speed high improved sensitivity. High temperature up to 100°C on certain columns allows more selectivity flexibility and reduces solvent viscosity to allow even faster separation. This is achieved by using sub-2 micron (STM) column particle which means that for high flow rates or long columns additional pressure is required to drive the mobile phase through the column. Detectors with high data rates preserve the resolution of Very fast peaks eluting from the RRLC The needed analytical instrumentation requires optimal cost-ofownership instruments with high reliability, high flexibility, and ease of use.


Synopsis: In order to measure the polarized target asymmetry parameters in the reactions of the pion photoproduction, i.e. ƒÁ+p•a•«• ̈ƒÎ+n and ƒÎ•‹+p, we constructed the polarized proton target which included the helium 3 refrigerator system. This is a report on some details of the cryostat, the pumping system and the purifier and suroundings under the long run oper ating condition. The cryostat is a so-called "Roubeau type" one which has a characteristic of easy handling by separating the helium 3 system from the helium 4 one. The Roots pump for evacuation of the helium 3 had a effective pumping speed of 200 1/sec and kept the vapour pressure 0.12 torr. The purifier consists of spiral tubing and 1.51 charcoal in the temperature of the liquid nitrogen. Our cryostat needed only 3 hours for cooling down to 0.5K by changing the original calibrated leak to needle valve and adding the by-pass line from the condensor to the cavity. This shortening of the time for precooling was a key of the success of the experiment, because the target must be changed when the polarization decreases due to the radiation damage, which is remarkable in the experiment of photon or electron beam. The flow rate of the helium 3 was 0.6 mmole/sec and had the cooling power of 20mW at the cavity. The average consumption rate of the liquid helium 4 from the separator and the evaporator were 2.61/h and 0.61/h, respectively. The small frozen sphere of the butanol doped with the paramagnetic impurity named porphyrexide was used as targets set in the FEP box. The target was changed every one week before the appearance of the depolarization. The average polarization was 65% throughout the experiment of 4 months.


An established engineering office needs to consistently monitor usual business measures such as financial analysis, revenue capture and employment opportunities to be sure that the operation is on the right track. Other areas that should be evaluated as part of an ongoing commitment are: community values, long-term relationships, and internal and external corporate culture. Without this evaluation Earth Tech runs the risk of not being able match their resources to meet the customer requirements and deliver effective solutions. Other areas that should be evaluated as part of an ongoing commitment are: community values, long-term relationships, and both internal and external corporate culture, to determine if there is a fit over the long term. This paper reviews the intangible aspects of business and discusses their relevance when conducting business in a remote community. It presents some of the issues that are of concern at present, evaluates how previous events, decisions, and past actions may have conspired to create these circumstances, and suggests actions or guidelines for future operations.


We present a novel approach to model the effects of a non-uniform force field stretching a nanoconfined polymer using blobs and the Flory free-energy. We use it to describe the thermophoretic stretch of polymers exposed to symmetric thermal gradients in nano-confined geometries as demonstrated in Thamdrup et al., Nano Lett., 10, 2010. We validate our model with experimental data and molecular dynamics simulations. Excluded volume interactions are shown to play a key role especially when temperatures are close to the solvent's θ value.


In a bounded domain, the solution of linear homogeneous time fractional parabolic equation is known to exhibit polynomial type decay rate (the so-called Mittag-Leffler stability) over time, which is quite different from the exponential decay of classical parabolic equation. We firstly use the finite element method or finite difference method to discretize the parabolic equation in space to obtain fractional ordinary differential equation, and then use fractional linear multistep method (F-LMM) to discretize in time to obtain a fully discretized schemes. We prove that the strongly $ A $-stable F-LMM method combined with appropriate spatial discretization can accurately maintain the long-term optimal algebraic decay rate of the original continuous equation. Numerical examples are included to confirm the correctness of our theoretical analysis.


We herein report an extremely rare case of adenocarcinoma of the minor duodenal papilla (MiDP) which was successfully treated by endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR). An asymptomatic 84-year-old man underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, which revealed a slightly elevated lesion at the MiDP. The biopsy findings were suggestive of adenocarcinoma. Computed tomography, magnetic resonance images and endoscopic ultrasonography did not reveal pancreatic tumor infiltration nor any apparent distant metastases. Therefore, we treated the lesion using EMR with complete resection. No recurrence or metastasis has been detected at 13 months after EMR. Total resection of the MiDP can thus serve as a relatively safe and simple treatment.


Let M be a compact smooth manifold and let G be a finite group acting smoothly on M. Let E and F be smooth G-equivariant complex vector bundles over M and let be a G-invariant elliptic pseudo-differential operator. Then the kernel and the cokernel of the operator P are finite-dimensional representations of G. The difference of the characters of these representations is an element of the representation ring R(G) of G and is called the G-index of the operator P.


Teacher's work value is the teacher's assessment of education,it reflected the need of teacher and have a directed influence to the teacher's work attitude,so teacher's work value can improve the management of the school manager.


The administration of modern police has been held for one hunderd years in our country.Since reform and opening-up,the domestic historiography circle is active gradually in this field,the question in dispute involves every aspect.In the past ten years,relevant researchs concentrate mainly on the fields of the founding of police system,the developing of police education, the relation between the administration of modern police and outstanding class of the society,the modernizing of the administration of modern police and the outlay on modern police.It seems overallly that the achievement is very remarkable.


With the emergence of COVID-19, the end of 2019 witnessed worldwide crises causing immense harm to human life. The virus that emerged from China at the end of the year 2019 soon spread to almost all the world economies with negative effects getting amplified each passing day. To combat the rapid spread of the virus and meet the rising medical needs the various governments imposed complete to restricted lockdown. Though the lockdown to an extent helped control the spread of the deadly virus, it also affected the economies severely. The unstable financial system, lack of earnings and limited savings brought a noticeable change in the financial attitude of the retail investors and hence, the emergence of COVID-19 opened up new areas of academic research in the field of financial management behaviour. Considering the novelty of the subject, this paper seeks to examine the impact of financial attitude and financial management behaviour of retail investors during the pandemic. To meet the objectives, the data were collected from a sample of 325 Delhi-NCR based retail investors. Structural Equation Modeling has been used to study the relationship amongst the identified variables. The findings enrich our understanding of retail investment behaviour.


ABSTRACT This paper presents a research model for logistical chain redesign, which can assist organisations in identifying and quantifying the potential benefits of Supply Chain Management in their particular supply chain network. The model comprises three elements: (1) the identification of sources of decision-making uncertainties in the supply chain that act as a guide for the specification of relevant chain redesigns; (2) a conceptual logistical framework for chain analysis to identify the relevant redesign variables; and (3) a methodology, consisting of simulation and pilot studies, for evaluating the impact of alternative designs on the individual organisation and on chain performance. All three elements applied together result in a profound analysis of potential chain performance improvements and of possible restrictions within the investigated supply chain. The applicability of the research model is evaluated in a case study in a food supply chain.


A piled raft is a composite foundation in which the piles are used as
settlement reducers and they share, with the raft, the load from the
superstructure. The applied load is transferred from the raft to the
shallow soil and to the pile heads, and from the piles it is diffused
through the shaft and the base to deeper soil. The pile–raft and pile–pile
interactions represent the distinctive aspect of the piled raft foundations
since they modify the load–bearing behaviour of each foundation
component, compared to an analogous isolated element, thus determining
the overall foundation behaviour.
The main aim of this thesis is to highlight the effects of the raft–soil–pile
interactions on the resistance and stiffness of axially loaded piled raft
foundations in sand.
A series of centrifuge tests on models of rigid circular piled rafts in loose
saturated sand has been performed to this end, employing both non
displacement and displacement piles. The raft settlement and the load
transmitted to the pile heads and bases were monitored during the tests,
which also included unpiled raft and isolated pile tests.
The test results have been analysed in terms of bearing capacity and
stiffness; the former according to a load efficiency method, the latter by
comparing the values obtained from centrifuge tests with those evaluated
through a simplified analytical method.
ii Modelling of Piled Raft Foundations in Sand D. Giretti
In order to clarify the effect of the pressure transmitted by the raft to the
soil on the behaviour of a single capped pile, some of the centrifuge tests
were simulated via finite element numerical analyses, using an elasto–plastic strain hardening constitutive model for the sand. The geometry
and the dimensions of the numerical models corresponded to those of the
physical ones and the simulations were carried out applying an
accelerated gravitational field to the mesh.
The influence of a granular layer, interposed between the raft and the pile
heads, on the load transfer mechanism has also been analysed, through an
additional series of centrifuge tests which was performed on square rigid
raft models on displacement piles in dry dense sand.


Labor migration has socio-economic significance in the interests of both the host country and the country of origin. Difficult working conditions, unfavorable living conditions increase the risk of developing diseases. An analysis of the health status of migrant workers in different countries revealed that infectious diseases, injuries, including industrial, acute intoxication and acute surgical pathology are most common. Women's health requires special attention. A study conducted at the GBUZ «GCB No. 13 DZM» revealed that the largest number of patients were from Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan. Acute surgical pathology, injuries, gynecological diseases prevail among the reasons for hospitalization. Among the diseases of the therapeutic profile, cirrhosis, hepatitis, acute intoxication, diseases of the urinary and reproductive system, diseases of the circulatory system and cerebrovascular diseases are most common. Attention is drawn to the short period of stay in the hospital –2.4 days. Russia has taken measures aimed at preserving the health of migrant workers. Since December 2021, a medical examination has become mandatory. The developed measures to improve the quality of medical examinations of migrant workers are aimed at early detection and prevention of diseases.


Introduction. The development program of an agricultural enterprise must be constantly adjusted to ensure its sustainability in accordance with the conditions of management and growth of marketable products. Improving the organization of production is carried out through internal land management. The use of this tool is necessary for the scientific substantiation of changes in the perspective program of the agrarian enterprise development for increase of administrative decisions quality.
The purpose of scientific research is to improve the organization of land management in the management system of resource potential of the agricultural enterprise.
Results. The main tasks of land management from the standpoint of influencing the efficiency of the enterprise resource potential are described. The sequence of prospects assessment for land use is given. The expediency of using computer technologies and optimal programming in the process of design work to reorganize land use is substantiated. The possibility of determining the optimal plan for the distribution of crop areas using the economic-mathematical model is proved. The presence of tendencies in agriculture to grow high-yield products has been established. Emphasis is placed on the need to maintain a balance of trends with the requirements of maintaining the agri-environmental balance of the land. The main task of designing a rational structure of production is determined. The expediency of using economic and mathematical methods in the process of identifying problems and tasks that arise in the process of land management design is substantiated. The main difficulties in the process of solving multicriteria tasks during planning the distribution of land funds are outlined.
Conclusions. The use of economic and mathematical modeling in the organization of land management will improve the quality of management decisions in the course of agricultural enterprises and the conservation of land resources. Optimization of economic calculations will take into account the impact of economic processes on the organization of land management and resource management of the enterprise.
Keywords: resource potential, agrarian enterprise, organization of land management, land resources, planning of organization of agricultural production, optimization


Objective To explore the effects of bio-amnion implantation combined with trabeculectomy in the treatment of angle-closure glaucoma.Methods 36 eyes of 30 patients with angle-closure glaucoma were randomly divided into two groups.Bio-amnion group underwent bio-amnion implantation combined with trabeculectomy and control group underwent trabeculectomy.The visual acuity,anterior chamber,filtering blebs,intraocular pressure(IOP)and coefficient of facility of outflow were observed.Results No obvious difference in the change of visual acuity occurred between bio-amnion group and control group at 1w after operation.16 eyes(88.89%)maintained functional filtering blebs in bio-amnion group,and 12 eyes(66.67%)in control group at 1a after operation.IOP of bio-amnion group was lower than control group at 1w,6m and 1a after operation.Coefficient of facility of outflow of bio-amnion group was larger than control group at 6m and 1a after operation.All the differences had statistical significance.Conclusion Bio-amnion implantation combined with trabeculectomy can reduce scar formation and improve the success rate.IOP after operation could be control well and complications are rare.It is safe and effective to be used in operation of angle-closure glaucoma.


The challenges of freshwater cooperation and the links between the global policy agenda and national water management are more obvious and easier to spell out at a regional level than in the global arena. By analysing how the existing regional regime within Himalayan Asia contributes to the development of international water law, this paper identifies gaps in our current understanding of regional approaches in international law and outlines pathways for addressing them.


The concept of time-varying state feedback control of a system under the desired closed loop scate transition matrix is introduced. By setting the parameters or the preset state transition matrix, the time-varying state feedback can be designed. The theorem and design method are derived and an example of motor control withany desired performance can be achieved under the design of time-varying state feedback regular. By the optimal reduced order method, any system with desired performance can be designed in the same way.


Patriarchal culture is still developing in our society, where women are constructed as weak creatures and are behind men. This culture is inseparable from religious doctrines, which also lead to the discourse of restricting women's movement; in this case, the labeling of salihah is a strong enough factor that women outside the home deviate from Islamic law. Yuvid.TV conveys one of the constructions that marginalize women on its YouTube channel. Therefore, the questionn answered in this study was how to construct salihah women through Yufid.TV's interpretation of QS. An-Nisā'[4]: 34 considering that Yufid.TV in several of its shows also discussed salihah women. Then this study examined how relevant this interpretation to the contemporary context. By using Karl Mannheim's sociology of knowledge approach and descriptive-critical analysis, this study showed that Yufid.TV's understanding in interpreting QS. An-Nisā'[4]: 34 tends to be textual and seems indifferent to the social conditions of the surrounding community. So that this pious construction reflects on the patriarchal mindset, namely the effort to make women as secondary beings whose duties are limited to domestic affairs only. In fact, in the contemporary social context, the discourse of women's equality has been widely expressed. Where many women have succeeded in proving that their existence is worthy of consideration


40 aged residents of a dependent care facility were tested on a series of cognitive conservation tasks. A decrement toward lowered levels of cognitive functioning was noted but specific psycho-social factors were related to this decline. Length of residence in dependent context and involvement in socialization and leisure activities were significantly related to level of cognitive functioning and were independent of sex. However, attained educational level was positively related to cognitive conservation for females but not for males. Analysis of qualitative responses to tasks suggests important considerations.


In field experiments on sod-podzolic soils low- and medium-provided with trace elements, high efficiency and manufacturability of the use of liquid micro-fertilizers MicroStim with a stimulating effect in the cultivation of agricultural crops has been established. Significant increases in the yield of grain and vegetable crops, rapeseed, buckwheat, potatoes and strawberries were obtained.


In this paper, we examine the proposition that Canada's economic relationship with Asia has languished, or at least has not lived up to its potential. To do so, we draw on the conventional gravity model of international trade and investment and take advantage of the similarity between Canada and Australia in most of the elements that have been found to impact on the direction of trade in the gravity modeling literature. We argue that, when we take the ratio of Canada's trade flows with Asian markets to Australia's flows, the influence of the various other factors cancels out, leaving only the distance to Asian markets, the relative size of the Canadian economy to Australia's and the relative degree of remoteness to third markets as the determinants of relative trade performance. Inspection of Australia's and Canada's trade data with Asian markets shows that Australia's goods export advantage is heavily concentrated in a handful of commodities. Both Canada and Australia are major world exporters of ores and other mined products, mineral fuel and precious metals (HS 25-27 and 71), which we refer to as "mined commodities". In Canada's case, virtually none of these exports goes to Asia whereas in Australia's case virtually all of them do. We show that, when we exclude these products from the analysis, the picture in respect of goods trade which Canada does contest with Australia generally falls into line with what one would expect given economic size and distance factors. We infer from this empirical regularity that excluding mined products from the comparison largely corrects for the difference in relative remoteness. For services, we make no adjustment for remoteness and allow the data to speak for themselves as to whether this represents an important determinant in the relative size of trade flows. We construct a wide range of scenarios based on alternative measures of distance, alternative estimates from the economic literature of the elasticities of economic size and distance, and by allowing for annual variation in economic size versus using period averages. We report the ratio of actual to expected levels of trade based on the mean across all the scenarios, under the assumption set that sets the lowest bar for Canada to match or better Australia's performance, and under the assumption set that sets the highest bar. By far the most important factor in establishing the expected level of trade for Canada is the distance elasticity. As regards the assessment of Canada's relative performance, we give greater weight to export performance since this is the side of the two-way trade activity that is of primary policy focus for governments. On this basis, we find that Canada gets a "B" in its trade in goods and services with China plus Hong Kong (taken as one trading entity), Japan and India. Canada manages only a borderline "C " in Korea and a "C" in trade with the ASEAN 6.


This article is an attempt to offer insights from organisation studies to ecclesiology. To do so it draws particularly on the work of the moral philosopher Alasdair MacIntyre to offer a virtue ecclesiology for today. The application of MacIntyre's conceptual framework of practices, institutions, goods and virtues to all kinds of organisations, which already exists in the field of organisation studies, is extended to the church as an organisation. It suggests that the church may be re-described as an organisation in which the practices of faith are housed within the institution of the church. On this understanding, the gift of the church to the world is not simply the practices of faith but the manner in which they are institutionalised.


This study aims to describe: (1) drawing technique; and (2) drawing tools used according to elementary school students (SD). This study employs qualitative descriptive research design. Subjects of the study is elementary school students of grade III, IV, V, VI in Malang city and regency. To collect the data, this study uses questionnaire and drawing documents. Content analysis approach and art appreciation are used to analyses the data. The results of this research are: (1) drawing technique done by self-creation, imitating from books, the internet, assisted by father, mother, brother, friend, imitating from magazines, and other ways, for example seeing objects directly, look at teacher's drawing demonstration and imagine by themselves; and (2) drawing tools used by pencils, crayon paint, colored pencils, markers, poster paint, pens, and other tools.


Fourteen epithelial thymomas and eight granulomatous thymomas were studied in order to clarify the clinicopathological relationship of these diseases. The age distribution, histological picture and clinical course of granulomatous thymoma were quite different from those of epithelial thymoma but similar to those of the nodular sclerosing type of Hodgkin's disease. Granulomatous thymoma should therefore be distinguished from epithelial thymoma and perhaps called Hodgkin's disease of the thymus.


Cycling is promoted by a variety of initiatives and events all around the world. Given the popularity of such campaigns, there is surprisingly limited literature assessing their effectiveness and investigating the involved social processes. This paper presents findings from two case studies of gamified biking initiatives which have been evaluated using both quantitative-statistical and qualitative-interpretative methods: (1) a small-scale research experiment ("Frequent Biking Challenge") and (2) an annual national biking campaign ("Bike to Work"). The two case studies provide insights into their general effects, on changes for different groups of bikers, the effectiveness of different elements of the interventions, and the methodological requirements for evaluating short and long-term impacts of campaigns aiming at increasing biking in cities. Both initiatives successfully encouraged people to bike more in the short run, 25% in the experimental group and 36% participating in the campaign increased their amount of biking during the intervention period. However, effects vary for different groups of bikers and only the "Bike to Work" campaign shows a lasting effect with 26% of those participating in previous years continuing to bike more. The results show that in order to induce long-term behavior changes, gamified biking initiatives have to be embedded into everyday life, enable social interactions and provide mutual encouragement.


Cardiac surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass can lead to a large loss of blood. Hemostatic drugs can not only prevent blood loss but also treat bleeding, They are commonly used blood conservation drugs. This article overviews the published literatures, introduces the application of several hemostatic drugs in cardiac surgery and analyzes their advantages and defects and provides reference for perioperative blood conservation. Although the application of blood conservation drugs have been updated in recent years, their dosage, timing and route of administration need further literature support.

Key words:
Blood conservation; Cardiopulmonary bypass; Hemostatic drugs; Aprotinin; Tranexamic acid; p-aminomethylbenzoic acid; Epsilon-aminocaproic acid


Studies on abusive supervision typically posit that targets of abuse will either directly blame the perpetrating supervisor or indirectly blame the organization for allowing the abuse, and as a res...


Many measures have been taken to improve oxygen enriched gas making furnace such as increasing grate rotating speed, prolonging the chamber of furnace, adding cyclone at the furnace outlet Good results have been obtained


This article aims to understand preference for korean products related to korean culture, based on the growing popularity of the hallyu phenomenon. Korean popular music also known as k-pop, and korean soap operas known as k-dramas did not arrive in Brazil by major media companies as usually happens, but through the internet (URBANO, 2017). South Korean entertainment has been popular by virtual communities that translate and distribute all this material, in addition to discussing with members of this community. Through a bibliographic and journalistic research, we will discuss the potential influence of consumption of korean products in Brazil. Will be also considered the results of a qualitative research for this analysis using content analysis methodology proposed by Bardin, considering customer sentiment through key words, then we will approach Canclini's perspective on consumption as a form of cross-cultural expression, to discuss the possible tangibilization of experiences that is presented by south korean entertainment, through consumption of products. In this sense, we considered hallyu as a cultural phenomenon where entertainment presents industrialized products with contextualization to non-korean audiences.


Lactobacilli, one of the most common members of intestinal microbiota, have been applied and studied considerably. Because it can regulate the host intestinal microbiota balance and improve the immunity and resistance of host. Lactobacillus surface layer proteins(S-layer proteins) have been a research hotspot for playing an important role in the adhesion to the host. Here we summarize the advances in researches about the structure, the method of separation and purification, the situation of gene cloning and the probiotic functions of S-layer protein.


In [4], we gave a method to construct a continued fraction of the function F ( x ) := e x E 1 ( x ). More precisely we define F 1 ( x ) as the reciprocal of F ( x ) and we inductively define F m ( x ) as the reciprocal of " F m − 1 ( x ) minus the main term of F m − 1 ( x ) at infinity". We calculated the main term of F m ( x ) at infinity by using [4, Proposition 2.1]. This method is analogous to the regular continued fraction expansion of real numbers. In this paper we prove that the continued fraction converges to F ( x ) for any positive real number x > 0 by following the proof of that the regular continued fraction of a positive and irrational real number α converges to α . Essentially we prove inequalities for Q m ( x ) (in Theorem 4.1) and inequalities F m ( x ) > 0 (in Section 5). In particular, we prove stronger inequalities P 2 k ( x ) Q 2 k ( x ) < F ( x ) < P 2 k − 1 ( x ) Q 2 k − 1 ( x ) (than F m ( x ) > 0) and give two proofs of these. In Section 6, we show an asymptotic relation between Q 2 k ( x ) and Q 2 k − 1 ( x ) by using properties of the classical Laguerre polynomial. In Section 7, we consider Euler-Gompertz constant δ . As far as we know, irrationality of δ is still an open problem. We construct a sequence of rationals A i B i ( i = 1 , 2 , 3 , · · · ) such that δB i − A i approaches 0 as i approaches infinity and give a sufficient condition of that δB i − A i 6 = 0 for any positive integer i . Therefore, if it is proved that this condition holds, it completes a proof of irrationality of Euler-Gompertz constant δ .


Following the suggestion by Jura and Jacoby (1976), linearly polarized blue continuum starlight scattered by the dust shell around the M2 Iab star Alpha Orionis (Betelgeuse) has been discovered. The polarization has been traced in the NE, NW, SE, and SW directions and has positive (tangential) orientation. Some asymmetry of the optical depth in the shell exists 15 and 30 arcsec from the star. In the NE direction the polarization was measured as far as 90 arcsec (17,000 AU) from the star. The dependence of the average intensity of the scattered light from the nebula on angular distance from the star is more consistent with an inverse-square density law than with inverse 1.5 or inverse-cube laws. Assuming that the density is proportional to the inverse square of distance from the star, the scattering optical depth in blue light along a radius of 0.03 arcsec is no more than 0.15 + or - 0.05. Future observations of the wavelength dependence of polarization will allow a determination of grain size.


Objective:To study the CT features of the tumor of lesser omentum and to improve the diagnosis of the tumor in lesser omentum.Methods:8 patients with the tumor of lesser omentum confirmed by surgery underwent plain and enhanced CT scan.Results:In 8 cases with the tumor of lesser omentum,there were 3 cases with metastasis,2 cases with stromal tumor,2 cases with lymph-vessel tumor,and 1 case with lymphangioma tumor.Conclusion:Diagnostic value of CT scan is high for the tumor of lesser omentum.According to the CT features of the different tumors of lesser omentum,the initial differential diagnosis and diagnosis of benign or malignant tumors can be acquired.


In general, the design of the young coconut peeler machine is to use an induction motor that still uses a manual system to turn the tool on and off, so it is not efficient in the production process of peeling young coconut. The speed of the induction motor can be adjusted by changing the frequency, therefore a Variable Speed Drive (VSD) is needed which aims to regulate the rotational speed of the induction motor. As the controller of the Variable Speed Drive (VSD), the compiler uses a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC). From the description of the background above, a young coconut peeler based on PLC and HMI was designed. This system uses PLC control as a control for variations in the rotation speed of the motor, so that the rotation of the induction motor can be controlled as needed, in this tool an HMI system is applied which functions as an interface display from the operator to the peeler. In this study using 4 stages, namely (1) a needs survey, (2) designing (3) prototypes, (4) testing prototypes. In the trial results, the simulation of the coconut peeler design went well by using low, medium, high speed variations using the human marchine interface as the display of the variable speed button, while the PLC as the control machine.)


Aim  To study the effects of isolation and size of small tropical islands on species assemblages of bees (superfamily Apoidea) and wasps (superfamily Vespoidea).


The present research is concerned with automated generation of process plans for CMM based part inspection from CAD models. This work outlines a feature-based inspection process planning system for co-ordinate measuring machines (CMMs). The importance and advantage of the proposed system is that it uses STEP (ISO 10303) file of the part to be inspected as an input and gives inspection process plan of the part as an output in DMIS (ISO 22903) format. This is the first time an effort has been made to integrate design and inspection using two international standards. This is made possible due to recent developments in STEP to incorporate part tolerance information which is essential for inspection automation. The Edition 2 of STEP AP 203 which was released recently has this provision. The inspection automation system proposed in this work has four automation modules. First module uses geometric and product information of part to identify surface features to be probed for inspection. Second module automates setup planning and probe selection accounting for feature accessibility. Third module includes generating automatic inspection points and probe path planning. Generation of inspection plan in DMIS format is the fourth automation module. The tolerance feature analysis module is used to extract tolerance inforniation from the STEP file and hence establishes the relationship between the tolerance information and surface feature. The accessibility analysis module evaluates all the accessible probe orientations for every surface feature. It includes finding the number of ways in which a feature can be inspected successfully, without colliding with other features of the part. The path generation module determines the number of measurement points, their distribution and their inspection sequences. The final module includes generating the inspection plan in DMIS format, which can directly inputted to a CMM. The methodology proposed above has been implemented and tested for correctness. Though the proposed system has been developed for inspection automation of hydraulic manifolds, it can be used for variety of other industrial parts without any modification l .


This article introduces ORM's feature topic on interaction effects in organization studies. First, it defines interaction effects. Second, it discusses the criticality and pervasiveness of interaction effects in organization studies. Third, it describes the three articles included in this feature topic. Finally, it addresses needs for future research regarding the estimation of interaction effects in organization studies.


Disclosed are a method and a device for attaching a transparent protective panel onto a surface of a display panel without generating bubbles. Specifically, when a display panel and a protective panel, either of which has a viscoelastic shock absorbing layer formed on the bonding surface thereof, are attached to each other using a deaerating agent having a viscosity of 10 to 100 cps, one of the display panel and the transparent protective panel (second panel (50)) is disposed above the other (first panel (40)) such that the bonding surfaces form an acute angle while first side ends (40a, 50a) of both the panels are in contact with or disposed close to each other. The second panel is pivoted such that a second side end (50b) of the second panel approaches a second side end (40b) of the first panel, and attached to the first panel while a deaerating agent is introduced between both the panels. The second panel is attached to the first panel while the first panel is inclined such that the second side end (40b) thereof is at a position higher than the first side end thereof, and the deaerating agent is introduced from a position adjacent to the first side end of the first panel. The agent introduction position moves toward the second side end of the first panel as the second side end of the second panel approaches the second side end of the first panel.


The aim of this study is to explore fantasy chronotope as exemplified in the complex spatio-temporal configuration in children's fantasy films. The notion of fantasy chronotope is revisited to conceptualize the way space and time can interrelate through the in-depth analysis of two portal-quest fantasy films: Walt Disney's Alice in Wonderland (1951) and Hayao Miyazaki's (2001) Spirited Away (2001). The theoretical starting point is to examine the representation of the Alternative World and to articulate the aesthetics of animated children's films as well. The researcher adopts a comparative/theoretical method to question spatiality in visual media and to analyze spatial practices undertaken by fictional/female narratives within multiple locations. Moreover, Japanese anime has not been studied adequately compared to its North American counterparts such as Disney especially in terms of ethnic/national or gender politics encoded in anime images. The study seeks to establish the two animated films as high fantasy films by presenting a fresh view on fantasy chronotope to examine fantasy—as a genre—not designed or intended to express escapism and childishness because it is simply unrealistic. The study sheds light not only on the significance of animation as a medium that has been considered too trivial for serious research, but also the current study offers a better understanding of how Japanese visual culture has brought about potentially crucial changes in the way the Western perceive Asia.


44 Human papillomavirus 16 (HPV16) is a worldwide health threat and an etiologic agent of 45 cervical cancer. To understand the antigenic properties of HPV16 we pursued a structural study 46 to elucidate HPV capsids and antibody interactions. The cryo-EM structures of HPV16 mature 47 and an altered capsid particles were solved individually and as complexes with fragment of 48 antibody (Fab) from the neutralizing antibody H16.V5. Fitted crystal structures provided a 49 pseudo-atomic model of the virus-Fab complex, which identified a precise footprint of H16.V5, 50 including previously unrecognized residues. The altered capsid-Fab complex map showed that 51 binding of the Fab induced significant conformational changes than were seen in the altered 52 capsid structure alone. These changes included more ordered surface loops, consolidated 53 invading arm structures, and tighter inter-capsomeric connections at the capsid floor. The 54 H16.V5 Fab preferentially bound hexavalent capsomers likely with a stabilizing effect that 55 directly correlated with the number of bound Fabs. Additional cryoEM reconstructions of the 56 virus-Fab complex for different incubation times and structural analysis provide a model for a 57 hyper-stabilization of the capsomer by H16.V5 Fab and showed that the Fab distinguishes subtle 58 differences between antigenic sites. 59


Road-side bombs are a real and continuing threat to soldiers in theater. CAE USA recently developed a prototype Volume based Intelligence Surveillance Reconnaissance (VISR) sensor platform for IED detection. This vehicle-mounted, prototype sensor system uses a high data rate LiDAR (1.33 million range measurements per second) to generate a 3D mapping of roadways. The mapped data is used as a reference to generate real-time change detection on future trips on the same roadways. The prototype VISR system is briefly described. The focus of this paper is the methodology used to process the 3D LiDAR data, in real-time, to detect small changes on and near the roadway ahead of a vehicle traveling at moderate speeds with sufficient warning to stop the vehicle at a safe distance from the threat. The system relies on accurate navigation equipment to geo-reference the reference run and the change-detection run. Since it was recognized early in the project that detection of small changes could not be achieved with accurate navigation solutions alone, a scene alignment algorithm was developed to register the reference run with the change detection run prior to applying the change detection algorithm. Good success was achieved in simultaneous real time processing of scene alignment plus change detection.


Through the analysis of the doctor's advice and drug dispensing,this paper proposed the doctor's advice and drug dispensing algorithm based on arithmetic series model algorithm.The implementation of the algorithm plays an important role in promoting hospital drug dispensing automation.


An expelling machine for extracting wheat germ oil was designed and fabricated. The study included the investigation of the design criteria relating to hopper dimension and screw shaft parameters (outer diameter, pitch, thread depth, thread width, thread length, lead, lead angle, tapered angle, and number of turns on the screw shaft).
The expelling machine was tested and evaluated at five screw speeds (25, 35, 45, 55, and 65 rpm) and four levels of press head clearance (0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 mm) to determine the best machine capacity; percentage of oil recovery; percentage of residual oil; and specific energy consumption. The results showed that, the maximum machine capacity was 39 kg/h of raw material at 2mm outlet clearances, and 65 rpm of screw speed. The best operating pressing conditions for the wheat germ oil recovery was 45.7% at the 25 rpm of screw speed and 0.5 mm press head clearance, when the required specific energy was 0.0232 kWh/kgfeed.


Abstract Argan ( Argania spinosa L.) oil has a high dietetic and culinary value because it consists of high percentage of unsaturated fatty acids, and it is rich in aroma and flavour. The main objectives of this study were to determine the stability of argan oil (55.4% oleic acid and 24.4% linoleic acid) and to compare it to high-oleic olive oil (78.2% oleic acid and 7.9% linoleic acid) and cottonseed oil (19.8% oleic acid and 52.0% linoleic acid) at high temperatures in heating and deep-fat frying conditions. Several quality parameters were tested and compared in time-temperature conditions simulating abuse by heating and deep-fat frying. After frying no change in the contact angle of argan, olive and cottonseed oils was observed, while in other tests (colour index, viscosity, peroxide value, induction period, conjugated dienes content, total polar compounds) the stability of argan and olive oil was better than that of cottonseed oil. Oil uptake of deep-fried potatoes in argan oil was slightly lower than that in olive or cottonseed oil. It was concluded that argan oil can substitute olive or cottonseed oils in deep-fat frying. The aroma, flavour, oxidative stability and the health benefits might 'compensate' for the high cost of the oil. Sensory evaluation of fried french potatoes and their storage stability were not studied, and addition work is needed to evaluate the quality and storage stability of french potatoes fried in argan, olive and cottonseed oils.


The present invention discloses a system and method for switching Layer Layer based DHCP SNOOPING, the system comprises a DHCP user terminal, a layer switching means, three switching devices and a DHCP server, wherein the switching means includes an enable Layer module, configured by the DHCP SNOOPING enabled Layer 2 switching means, monitoring the user terminal requests a DHCP process, create and save the DHCP binding; binding information layer switching means after treatment upload three switching means, tris the binding layer DHCP information exchange means, the processing engine delivers three routing table, forwards the network through the packet processing engine layer destination user terminal according to the address of the destination user terminal. Aspect of the present invention increases the learning environment in the three-way DHCP entry switch, and effectively guarantee the stability and security of entries.


Family of the unique Zeeman ring lasers are described. Compact three-axis laser gyro original design is considered. The methods of the performance improvement are discussed. Next generation of mini and micro (solid-state) ring lasers are introduced.


A disclosure -based framework is at the heart of U.S. securities regulation. This paper examines this model's emphasis on disclosure and discuss why it is inherently flawed. Specifically, the disclosure model is outdated and does not seem to reflect the current trading patterns that dominate the United States' securities market. Instead, this paper argues that what is required is a radical response to the current trading patterns of American consumers in the securities markets - one that establishes a regulatory framework that examines the trading market as a whole instead of focusing on the disclosures of public companies. This would offer better protection against the problems that led to corporate scandals and crises in the market, including the 2008 recession.


The labour market misfortunes of the less skilled and rapid growth of international trade in manufactured goods with less advanced countries are linked by the paradoxical observation that trade theorists are in the forefront of those denying the importance of trade in income distribution. This paper analyses this conclusion by stressing the importance of vertical differentiation of trade flows and regional differentiation of skills in order to identify labour market effects of trade integration. Vertical and regional differentiation in trade and labour markets are analysed for a country, Italy, where these two elements seem to play a crucial role. The results show a likely displacement effect on unskilled labour due to trade flows with less advanced countries. Given the characteristics of Italian trade and labour markets, a stronger tradedinduced displacement effect on demand for unskilled labour takes place in the North of the country. Thus the vertical differentiation in Italian intradindustry trade is a warning against understating the effect of trade on labour markets if product heterogeneity is not adequately considered. The regional differentiation of skill intensity is another warning against understating the effect of trade on labour markets whenever crossdsectoral effects and the change in relative specialization are not adequately considered. Copyright Fondazione Giacomo Brodolini and Blackwell Publishers Ltd 2000.


A numerical study of the onset of convection in rotating internally heated self-gravitating fluid spheres is presented. The exploration of the stability of the conduction state versus the Taylor and Prandtl numbers supplies a detailed idea of the laws that fulfil the four types of solutions obtained at low Prandtl numbers. The main result found is that axisymmetric (torsional) modes of convection are preferred at high Taylor numbers in the zero-Prandtl-number limit. This instability appears at low Rayleigh numbers and gives rise to an oscillating single vortex of very high frequency.


Summary form only given. We study the interaction between atoms with large de Broglie wavelength and a dielectric surface via van der Waals potential. The transfer induced by Raman transition of free cold atoms to the bound states of surface well is considered and we calculate the efficiency of the charge mechanism of these vibrational states.


A wideband, fully differential, 3-stage class-AB amplifier capable of operation at rates beyond 100 Mbps is described. Common-mode feedback is applied to increase output drive capability and reduce bias-dependent crossover distortion when operating in class-AB from a low supply voltage. Drawing 3.9mA from a nominal VDD of 1.2V in 65nm CMOS, the 0.052mm2 amplifier delivers 1.6V swing across a 50Ω load with THD+N of 82.6dB at 150kHz in the unity-gain configuration.


A portable solar power supply system comprises a receiving unit, a control block, a storage unit and an output unit. The control block connected with the receiving unit converts solar electric energy into DC energy and stores the DC energy in the storage unit after the receiving unit receives the solar electric energy. The output unit connects with the control block for outputting the DC energy to a portable device.


It is the intensification to material management that is the main way to improve the quality of project and the profit of construction enterprises. The article discusses the topic from the following aspects: choose the suppliers of material; draw up plans; signing contracts; check and accept material; store and keep; hand out, use and reclaim material, and so on.


there is little evidence for it in southern England in the sixth century). Chapter 4 is thus an exploration of the evidence for Anglo-Saxon paganism (which draws heavily on D. M. Wilson's book of that name). This is generally quite critically informed but is largely speculative, reflecting the nature of the place-name and archaeological evidence. The following chapter turns its attention toward burial evidence and the treatment of the dead. Here, reasonable summaries of established sources are offered, although sometimes interpretation is rather too farfetched. I would disagree, for example, that the presence of fly pupae necessarily equates to exposure of the body before burial or to secondary burial and with the interpretation of Kentish burial structures as evidence for the same; I also think that McKinley is misquoted as saying that cremation is often restricted to royalty and the wealthy (88 n. 22). Similarly, while the interpretation of the small ring ditches that appear in the mid-sixth century as evidence for a plague-induced fear of vampires/revenants is an interesting one, the assumption that they would have been water filled is probably not sustainable (certainly on the sandy soils of eastern England). While Dunn notes that cremation can be perceived by mourners as one of the most effective ways of foiling revenant activity, she does not explain why it is that the mid-sixth century saw the most dramatic decline in cremation burial, rather than an increase (if her plague hypothesis does bear weight). Overall, this chapter is a bit too far-reaching in its interpretation of the archaeological evidence and not quite critical enough in its overall framing: there is an assumption of defined ethnic territories throughout, whereas archaeologists now take a great deal of care to distinguish among language, ethnicity, and religion. The subsequent chapters see a stronger focus on historical sources and are more successful and convincing as a result. There are interesting sections on the syncretism displayed by early Anglian and Saxon kings, the progress of the establishment of the episcopal hierarchy, and its competition with the royally supported monasteries. For me, chapter 7 represented the most fascinating part of Dunn's argument, exploring the problems of mass conversion of the population and the adjustments to Christian doctrine and practice that this required. Only the section on unusual burial rites invites any criticism (and it was unfortunate timing that Andrew Reynolds's recent volume on deviant burials rites could not be used); most of the examples cited date well before the mid-seventh century and cannot be responses to the Justinian plague of the 660s. I also disagree with her tentative argument that the deviant burials at Sutton Hoo could be plague victims; these work best as examples of Anglo-Saxon justice, as Reynolds has argued. Likewise, the presence of knives in graves is not evidence of the marauding dead (192) but simply the remnants of the practice of furnished burial. Overall, Dunn's argument contains some fascinating ideas, and a very interesting approach to the issue of religious conversion, but is strongest when dealing with historical sources, rather than archaeological ones.


Type of funding sources: None.

 Pol-tako
 Background
 Takotsubo syndrome  (TTS) is a clinical condition that mimics acute myocardial infarction and is characterised by acute left ventricle dysfunction. However, right ventricle (RV) involvement can also occur.
 Purpose
 The aim of our study was to compare clinical characteristic, in-hospital complications and in-hospital mortality in patients with TTS with and without RV dysfunction.
 Methods
 209 consecutive patients with TTS were included in the study. Among them, 13,9% (29 patients) had RV dysfunction according to echocardiography evaluation. Clinical symptoms at admission to hospital was similar in both groups. There weren't differences in time from onset of symptoms to the hospital admission in both groups.
 Results
 Patients with RV dysfunction was older (75,6 vs 69.4y). Left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) at 1st and 3rd day of hospitalisation was lower in patients with TTS with RV involvement in comparison to patients without RV dysfunction (37.9 vs 41.9%, 42,1 vs 47.3% and 46.1 vs 50.9%, respectively). However, at 5th day EF LV was similar in both groups. Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) was lower in patients with RV dysfunction at 1st and 3rd day (17 vs 21mm and 19 vs 21.6 mm, respectively). Pulmonary oedema and cardiogenic shock occurred less often in patients with RV involvement (6.9 vs 17.7% and 0 vs 4.4%). In hospital mortality was similar in both groups (3.4 and 2.2%).  Moreover, there was not difference in the length of hospitalisation (11.9 vs 10.1 days).
 Conclusions
 Right ventricle in patients with TTS can occur in about 14% patients. In addition to impaired RV function also LVEF is more depressed in the first days. However, in hospital mortality is similar.


Several important properties of poly(3‐hydroxybutyric‐ co‐3‐hydroxyvaleric acids) (P(3HB‐ co‐3HV) depend mainly on the HV unit fraction of the copolymer. Sequential and simultaneous feeding of glucose and valerate were employed to produce P(3HB‐ co‐3HV) in a fed‐batch culture of Ralstonia eutropha, and the effects of feeding models on the cell growth, 3HV unit fraction, and copolymer productivity have been investigated. The sequential feeding of glucose and then valerate resulted in a cell density of 110.2 g/L, 3HV unit fraction of 62.7 mol %, and copolymer productivity of 0.56 g/(L·h), while the latter simultaneous feeding strategy never achieved the 3HV fraction of P(3HB‐ co‐3HV) higher than 50%. A nuclear magnetic resonance study confirmed that the production of random copolymer P(3HB‐ co‐3HV) with high 3HV unit fraction was possible even with sequential feeding of glucose and valerate.


The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the municipal project "Energijakten" have motivated elementary school students to act more energy conserving. The study also explored the students' experience of the educational support regarding energy saving behaviors. Self-determination theory was used as a theoretical framework for assessing motivation and educational support. A quasi-experimental design was used by comparing a school which participated in the project with two schools that did not participate. In order to answer the research questions a self-report questionnaire was created based on validated measures related to self-determination theory. The questionnaire was distributed to 285 students in 4th to 6th grade in the participating and non-participating schools, and a response rate of 86 % was obtained. The results of the study showed that the students in both the participating school and the non-participating schools were significantly more autonomously motivated than controlled motivated towards energy-saving behaviors. No significant differences regarding motivation and perceived educational support were found between the groups. The perceived educational support could explain 20 % of the autonomous and controlled motivation. The conclusion of the study was that Energijakten did not contribute significantly to increase the students motivation or the perceived educational support towards energy conserving behaviors.


The manufacturing of dried skipjack, Japanese characteristic food, consists of principally cooking in steam and broil-drying processes. In order to improve the manufacturing of broildrying process, survey on the atmospheric conditions of the drying room with four floors was carried out. The temperature of the broil-drying room during the processing changed remarkably from place to place with the difference of 20°C between the highest and the lowest even on the same floor. The highest temperature of the room was detected on the first floor, being followed by fourth, third and second floor in this order. The amount of CO2 and CO in the broil-drying room during smoking the firewoods was 2% and 0.5-1% respectively, and the amount of CO2 on the first floor was raised up to 9.2% when the firewoods were burnt out. The desirable range of the atmospheric condition in the broil-drying room was: temperature, 60-100°C and relative humidity, 40-70% for the production of dried skipjack. (Received Jan. 10, 1974)


The measurement of glaciers mass balance and the derivation of meteorologica l parameters by means of remote sensing techniques are of particular scientific interest for glaciological and climatological studies. Using synergistic approaches, SAR-data complement field studies in remote and inaccessible areas and provide information with a high temporal and spatial resolution. However, the operational application of the existing SAR-archives for monitoring purposes require a more detailed understanding of the spatial and temporal evolution of the observable radar glacier zones. Backscatter modelling based on snow pit data gathered on the Antarctic Peninsula is used to investigate typical radar returns from the upper and lower boundary lines of the frozen percolation zone. The lower one is a clearly identifiable limit between bare ice and highly metamorphosed, coarsegrained snow. As it is impossible to identify the year of origin of this snowpack, the term firn line is suggested. Only occasionally the late-summer firn line position coincides with the equilibrium line. In the absence of field measurements, firn line altitude can be regarded as a first approximation to the ELA, although it might lead to an overestimation of glaciers mass balance. The upper boundary, the dry snow line, is described as a temporarily and spatially very persistent feature in SARimagery. Its position is very stable in the time range of years to decades. Positional shifts of this line provide information about the occurrence of singular high temperature events leading to enhanced metamorphism of the snow and accumulation conditions in the highest areas of the glaciers. Additionally, model results confirm the assumption that a threshold of –8 dB is appropriate to delimit the upper boundary line of the frozen percolation radar zone. This facilitates direct monitoring of the dry snow line.


Finger and toe gangrene in multiple digits is uncommon. The first description was from 1889 in the "Lancet" where it was named Symmetrical Peripheral Gangrene (SPG). It starts peripherally and progress proximally. If the inciting event continues, the gangrene will progress. Pulses may be normal or not. Thrombi accumulate in the small arteries, not the large ones. This is often a form of "collateral damage" to a devastating life-threatening event. Symmetrical peripheral gangrene (SPG) is a rare but severe complication of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) that frequently accompanies sepsis. SPG is characterized by symmetric necrosis of the skin and distal extremities, following which two or more distal sites become gangrenous in the absence of large artery occlusion.


This paper compares the treatment of tense and aspect in 26 prescriptive, descriptive and pedagogical Catalan grammars published between 1891 and 1933. The research primarily shows that the very different objectives of descriptive and pedagogical grammars mean that the former define detailed and more specialized concepts than the latter. At the same time, the authors of the prescriptively oriented grammars sometimes take contradicting positions, which can be explained by the lack of a systematic distinction between the spread of prescriptive models on the one hand and the description of the formal diversity of language on the other.
In addition, it is shown that the concept of aspect, which from the 1920s onwards is mostly regarded as a variable independent of tense (a fact which is also known to some Catalan authors) is mostly neglected and what dominates is a generally purely tense-based description of the verbal system, which also includes categories that we now clearly see as being aspectual. A temporal situation in relation to the moment of speech is usually assumed (past, present, future). The use of the concept (but not the expression) of "hodiernality", however, which appears for the first time in Par (1923), can be described as innovative.


The paper expounds further the essence differences an d relations between physical education and sport.The author clearly points out t he essence functions of PE and sport are to strengthen people's physical fitne ss and to seek to outperform opponents respectively.PE's subject is every indivi dual in our society,while sport's subject is only those people who can adapt to sport's property.


Wiring substrate (20) comprises a second wiring layer having a plurality of (1) and a plurality of external connection projections (5) of the first wiring portion (10), and integrated with the first wiring portion in the thickness direction wiring portion (15). The semiconductor chip (30) of the thermal expansion coefficient of the second wiring portion is made smaller than the thermal expansion coefficient of the first wiring portion, and mounted on the wiring board is equal to the coefficient of thermal expansion. This suppresses internal stress by the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the semiconductor chip and the wiring board caused by the increase and the semiconductor device mounting a semiconductor chip on the wiring substrate obtained in (50) reliability. The size may be opposing surfaces of the first and second wiring portion is made to be the same. Even when a plurality of semiconductor chips by mounting onto the wiring board when the semiconductor device performance to improve, it is only necessary to form a second wiring portion, it is possible to improve performance at low cost.


Howard University has been home to The Journal of Negro Education (JNE) since its founding in 1932. Of these 75 years, founder Charles H. Thompson served as Editor-In-Chief for 311A years. His contributions to JNE are immeasurable. During Professor Thompson's years of service, he published 122 editorials and 15 articles within the JNE-a noteworthy and enormous accomplishment. Professor Thompson laid a firm foundation in his leadership of The Journal; one that continues to embody The Journal seventy-five years after its founding. Therefore, it is only fitting to recognize the accomplishments of Dr. Thompson within this Legacy edition of the JNE. This brief article provides a listing of all Dr. Thompson's publications within the JNE and serves as a tribute to the founder whose legacy continues in the mission of the JNE as the oldest continuously published educational journal for and about Black people. The JNE was and continues to be the premier source of information on research, theory, and issues relevant to Black people. Charles H. Thompson not only served as editor of the JNE, he also maintained a 40-year career at Howard University serving as chairman of the Department of Education, Dean of the College of Liberal Arts, and Dean of the Graduate School. Prior to arriving at Howard University, this Mississippi-born educator earned bachelor's degrees from both Virginia Union University (1917) and the University of Chicago (1918) where he also received his master's degree. Thompson later attended the University of Chicago where he earned his place within the pages of Black history by becoming the first African American in America to earn his Ph.D. in Education-a remarkable feat. Richard Kluger's book Simple Justice (1975) documented the establishment of the JNE and describes it as Thompson's "brainchild" with a sole purpose of "documenting the condition of Negro schools and exploring the implications of segregated education" (p. 168). Thompson's publications touched upon sensitive topics-ones that were painfully relevant to the upward mobility of Black people in America. Although many of his commentaries focused on issues and circumstances, which occurred during his tenure, the subjects of many of his editorials and articles addressed issues of his times as related to race and Blacks, availability and access to higher education, and juvenile delinquency. Other articles discussed monumental court cases that led to pivotal changes in educational attainment for Black law school students today such as in The University of Maryland v. Donald Gaines Murray (1936) case. In this court case, Thurgood Marshall successfully filed suit against the University of Maryland for denying entry to a qualified African American student (Donald Gaines). Thompson documented Thurgood Marshall's first triumphant civil rights court case without knowing the great impact he would have on African American education (e.g., Brown v. Board of Education, 1954). Thompson's editorials challenged the ratings of Black colleges and universities and documented historical events that affected the availability of education for Black people such as World War II, international politics, the Civil Rights Movement, segregated schools, and voting rights. Undoubtedly, Thompson held modern views on social issues related to matters of race relations, education, and civil rights. Thompson faced many challenges during his editorship-challenges that were in direct opposition to his vision and purpose for The Journal. During his tenure, there were relatively few journals that published positive discussions on the education, social sciences, and civil rights of Black people in America. Other scholarly journals may have been reluctant to publish articles that focused on the needs of Blacks; they may have been biased and focused on negative attributes, while simultaneously justifying separate and inequitable attainment of education for Black people. In essence, Thompson had to go against the commonly published misperceptions of Black people to publish a new voice-one that would uplift and encourage the Black community's continued movement toward equitable educational opportunities. …


Claiming the Stones/Naming the Bones is a timely volume that attempts to crosscut multiple disciplines (including archaeology, physical anthropology, literature, cultural studies, ethnomusicology, and museum studies) and offer perspectives regarding disputes over the defi nition and ownership of cultural properties. Although many of the chapters do not directly address historical archaeology (or archaeology in general), historical archaeologists, no matter what their subject of study, can benefi t from this set of diverse case studies that are inextricably entangled with issues of heritage, representation, and cultural memory. The book begins with an introduction (Barkan and Bush) and an overview of restitution and cultural property (Barkan). These pieces serve to set the stage for a series of 12 case studies by examining the nature and origin of the concept of cultural property, the history of its deployment, and some of the current controversies surrounding the ownership of the material items and intangible concepts that have come to be regarded as a nonrenewable resource. The remainder of the volume is organized into four parts: (1) Nationalizing Identity, (2) Codifying Birthrights, (3) Legislating the Intangible, and (4) Righting Representations. Interestingly, Elazar Barkan frames a portion of his overview in terms of tensions between advocates for a global approach to cultural property (i.e., those who see themselves as protecting a universal, global heritage) and those taking a particular local perspective (largely represented in this volume by marginalized and/or indigenous groups seeking to reclaim a cultural identity and heritage). The disjuncture is simple but profound; in Barkan's words, people "view their own culture as patrimony, and other people's cultures and treasures as global heritage" (p. 24). This framing has the potential to recast many of these case studies, even the familiar ones, in a different and thought-provoking way. The best examples of this recasting are the two chapters that make up the section entitled Codifying Birthrights. Both papers examine the ever-present controversy surrounding the Kennewick skeleton—"Kennewick Man—A Kin? Too Distant" (Owsley and Jantz) and "Cultural Signifi cance and the Kennewick Skeleton: Some Thoughts on the Relocation of Cultural Heritage Disputes" (Gerstenblith). Douglas Owsley and Richard Jantz interpret the Kennewick case as "a clash between two systems of conceptualizing and tracing human history" (p. 141), although they assert that the origin of the lawsuit lies more with a lack of compliance with existing laws than with the ideological battle. In their chapter they describe in great detail the myriad of research questions that the Kennewick skeleton raises and could potentially answer with further scientifi c study. Patty Gerstenblith's article, on the other hand, frames the Kennewick case (and NAGPRA as a whole) in terms of social justice—returning to marginalized groups some control over their own pasts (and thus their cultural identities). She argues from a particularistic stance, outlining the long history that has served to disconnect Native American groups from their cultural patrimony through a privileging of scientifi c evidence while simultaneously, through displacement and policies of cultural eradication, making it diffi cult obtain such evidence. Neither Owsley and Jantz nor Gerstenblith overtly draw attention to global vs. local frame in their chapters. This framing is done in Barkan's overview and in other chapters that deal directly with archaeological representations—such as "Objects and Identities: Claiming and Reclaiming the Past" (Lyons)—where cultural heritage is directly linked to identity, placing archaeologists in the center of numerous struggles to establish and maintain cultural identities. Because of this reviewer's own research interests, "The New Negro Displayed: Self-Ownership, Propriety Sites/ Sights, and the Bonds/Bounds of Race" (Ross) seems worthy of comment here. In this contribution to the book, Marlon Ross puts forth the proposition that "race marks categories that determine who is legally allowed and culturally endowed to hold certain kinds of property intellectual and otherwise" (p. 259). What Ross is talking about is ownership of identity—in this case, ownership of blackness. In the United States, Ross tells us, "to belong to a particular race is to possess copyright in that race; the right to turn a profi t—or not—on the reputation credited to that race; the right to image the race in particular ways; the right to hold property, invest in, and profi t from one's racial 'stock'" (p. 260). Ross charts the struggle over these rights through efforts of African Americans to challenge and control popular images of blackness. From Booker T. Washington's emphasis on bourgeois materialism evident in A New Negro for a New Century, to Alain Leroy Locke's repudiation of Victorian ideals (in favor of a stylized modernity) during the Harlem Renaissance, Ross alerts us to the overt and subtle distinctions and visual punning present in racial representation. In the end, Ross closes in an ambivalent tone stating that "there are no adequate substitutes for the whole truth of the race" and, thus, "all we have are inadequate substitutes, the masks in place of the faces, for race itself constructs the myth that there can be a whole truth, one that is able to be possessed and reproduced by the voice of one group or another" (p. 293).


(1997). Evidence of Mate Guarding in the Glossy Black-Cockatoo Calyptorhynchus lathami. Emu - Austral Ornithology: Vol. 97, No. 2, pp. 177-180.


The tutoring process model is a formal model, which is based on automaton theory. It has been developed to describe the central steering module of an e-learning system. The formal model consists of a basic tutoring process model with several extensions. The basic tutoring process model allows modeling the central steering component of simple teaching and training systems. Extended with a learner model, the adaptive tutoring process model describes the process of adaptation. In several training systems, adaptation comes in two shapes, one of which is the adaptation of content to the learner's decisions and provides logical coherence (e.g. in case-based training). The other one is adaptation to the learner's abilities. The tutoring process model with time also contains a temporal dimension, which broadens the adaptation possibilities towards realizing delays and acting under time pressure


Generation of electrical energy faces many problems today. In a world of growing environmental awareness, nuclear power plants find less and less acceptance and conventional combustion power plants are criticized owing to air pollution. The natural world is filled with a large amount of clean and safe renewable energy such as solar light, ocean waves, wind flow, etc. and therefore regenerative energy systems are becoming more important then ever. The common features of these energy sources are that the amount of energy in a locally small area is small and usually not stable and is therefore useless, while the amount of renewable energy over large areas is very large and is useful if it is collected effectively and stored safely. Many converters such as solar modules, wave converters, wind turbines, etc. have been successfully developed to transfer renewable energy into electricity so far. – 5 If all renewable energy were converted into DC electric sources by highly efficient DC-to-DC or AC-to-DC converters with maximum power point tracking (MPPT), – 7 high-power regenerative systems could be created by directly connecting these DC current sources in parallel or directly connecting DC-to-DC voltage sources in series via DC mains. However, the electric stress applied to every converter along the DC mains will be increased as the total number of converters is increased, which implies that more costs will be incurred. Innovative transmission line collection systems with lower costs and high efficiency are proposed in this paper. We assume that the renewable energy can be converted into AC electricity by DC-to-DC or AC-toAC inverters with MPPT first. These collection systems are constructed from a large number of inverters which are dispersed over very large areas and connected by a transmission line network. The power from the renewable sources is automatically accumulated into a large power flow at the target load via the transmission line collection networks by using transmission line theory and the phase relation between sinusoidal outputs of inverters. Based on mathematical analysis, the electric stress of only those inverters which are closer to the target load is larger. Therefore the total costs of the proposed collection systems can be reduced effectively.


Abstarct : Present investigation deals with phytochemical evaluation of Gnidia glauca (FRESEN) GILG . . Ethanol, methanol, and ethyl acetate were used for preparation of test extracts. The Gnidia glauca leaf extarcts were found to be rich source of phytochemicals like alkaloids, saponin, steroids, tannin, flavonoids, diterpenes, cardial glycosides, phenols and phytosterol. Among the extracts ethanolic and methanolic extract of leaves of Gnidia glauca were found to be rich in secondary metabolites than ethyl acetate. Phytochemicals from Gnidia glauca shows several secondary metabolites with potential medicinal properties in drug design and hence requires further study to testify the traditional claims of its curative properties standardize the doses and extrapolate their effects on humans.


The invention relates to the technical field of canagliflozin preparation and particularly relates to a preparation method of canagliflozin. The preparation method comprises the steps: with tetrapivoloyl-alpha-D-bromo-glucopyranose as a raw material, enabling the tetrapivoloyl-alpha-D-bromo-glucopyranose and bis(pinacolato)diboron to be subjected to electrophilic substitution reaction to generate a compound IV; with 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-[(5-iodo-2-methylphenyl)methyl]thiofuran as a raw material, enabling the 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-[(5-iodo-2-methylphenyl)methyl]thiofuran to react with the compound IV under the action of a catalyst to generate a compound VI; and hydrolyzing the compound VI under an alkaline condition, and removing a protecting group to obtain canagliflozin. The preparation method of canagliflozin, provided by the invention, is greatly shortened in synthetic route and only comprises three steps, so that the operation process is simplified; the preparation method is relatively mild in reaction condition, simple, convenient and feasible in aftertreatment, capable of well meeting the requirement of industrial production, shortening the production time, reducing the labor cost and the production cost and greatly increasing the reaction yield and high in total yield (more than 60%) due to the adoption of the route.


freedom of learning and life. This means that Black educators must keep abreast of new innovations, research studies and alternatives that will stimulate and sustain Afro-American learners in their effort toward free learning environments. ... According to Watts, the money that will be needed to maintain and suppon the operational structure of such an educational environment should be tapped from as many resources as possible. The financial sources he maintains will primarily be governmental agencies, social institutions, private foundations and private professional community organizations. Money is not enough, he concludes; emphasis must be placed on creative thoughts and cooperative efforts in its expenditure to produce learners for a lifetime of freedom pursuits. Watts has very painstakingly exhausted the educational research studies and documents that have been written by leading educators and scholars over the last few years, in his analysis of the urban learning community. Any serious student or educator concerned with innovated and varied approaches to solving the problems facing the educational system will find this work well worth reading. The extensive bibliography and references that Watts provides are a necessary part of any scholar's work and have been presented in clear and concise manner to provide the reader with a strong foundation for further researches. In a realistic manner, he is making a personal effort, through this publication, to make real what he professes as an educator of his people.


Understanding the provenance of clinical guidelines is important for both practitioners and researchers as it allows for deeper understanding of the provided recommendations and could potentially provide a basis for updating guidelines. Often such provenance is incomplete or unavailable. We describe a prototype of a multi-signal pipeline for reconstructing provenance and show preliminary results of reconstructing dependencies between documents in the context of clinical guidelines and associated documents. 1 Prototype description Broadly, we target the problem of reconstructing provenance of files in a shared folder setting, in which several authors can create or edit files at different moments, and only standard filesystem metadata is available. In a previous work [3] we proposed a content-based approach that is able to reconstruct provenance automatically, leveraging several similarity measures and edit distance algorithms, which are then adapted and integrated them into a multi-signal pipeline. Here, we present an improved version of this prototype applied to a clinical guideline and associated biomedical documents. The architecture of our prototype is shown in Fig. 1.


The text is a review of the book "Metoda studium przypadku w edukacji biznesowej" [The case study method in business education], which is a summary of the project "Transfer of experiential and innovative teaching methods for business education" done under the auspices of The Leonardo da Vinci programme. The author of the review discusses the book, pointing out among its advantages a presentation of the case study method as an innovative tool for economic education that combines theory and practice by focusing on the personal and practical dimension of education. He also recognises its disadvantages, which include the failure to present the method's weaknesses, due to a lack of reflection on the meaning of case study methodology in the context of the functions and tasks facing universities.


We present the study of a two-dimensional square-lattice photonic crystal with all-angle negative refraction in its first band. Using this photonic crystal, we designed and fabricated a flat lens functioning as a cylindrical lens, by increasing the vertical dimension of the photonic crystal. Two-dimensional finite-difference time-domain simulation validated negative imaging and sub-wavelength resolution. To perform the experiment, a microwave imaging system was built based on a vector network analyzer. Field distributions were acquired by scanning the imaging plane and object plane. The experiment demonstrated negative refraction imaging in both amplitude and phase, and verified sub-wavelength resolution.


The atmospheric distribution of CH 4 is rather uniform zonally and vertically but exhibits a slight gradient with latitude in the troposphere; in the stratosphere it shows a definite decrease with altitude. The average volume mixing ratio in the troposphere is 1.4 ppm which corresponds to a total amount of 4 × 10 15 g of CH 4 present in the atmosphere. Most is of recent biologic origin. C 14 analyses show that no more than 20% is released by fossil sources. The various ecosystems producing CH 4 are discussed and the total annual production is estimated to lie between 5.5 × 10 14 g/yr and 11 × 10 14 g/yr. The corresponding turnover times for atmospheric CH4 range from 4 to 7 yr. The destruction of CH 4 takes place mainly in the troposphere, most probably through the reaction CH 4 + OH ? CH 3 + H 2 O. About 10% of the CH 4 is destroyed in the stratosphere. The CH 4 cycle is strongly coupled to the H 2 and CO cycles and contributes also on the order of 1% to the atmospheric carbon cycle. DOI: 10.1111/j.2153-3490.1974.tb01952.x


Siloxanes are used in high amounts in a wide range of applications. There is evidence that siloxanes may be persistent and bioaccumulative in the environment. Despite their high production volumes and their wide applications, only few empirical data on their physicochemical properties are available. For a selection of linear and cyclic siloxanes and siloxanols, we computed (subcooled) liquid vapor pressure, (subcooled) liquid water solubility, and the partition coefficients among air, water, and octanol with the property estimation methods, EPI Suite, SPARC, and COSMOtherm and compared the results to experimental data from the literature. The estimates obtained with the three methods generally show decent qualitative and limited quantitative agreement in the estimated trends of property data for the homologous series of linear and cyclic dimethylsiloxane oligomers. The number of measured property data available in the literature is small, but the data show considerable scatter, and their ranges exceed the...


To study the biochemical profile of Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth) in three different site of Sri Ganganagar District on four parameters, carbohydrate, protein, fiber and chlorophyll The data analysed statistically showed that three different site for crude protein were significantly different at 0.005 level of significance, highest crude protein is reported in Site-C and lowest in site-A but there were no significant difference in Carbohydrate, crude fiber and total chlorophyll.


The purpose of this study was to analyze two local tourism related organizations in Umea and how they used the marketing method Storytelling. The aim of this study was to examine what kind of stori ...


Introduction and objective: Gastroenteritis, the inflammation of stomach and intestine, is caused by a variety of microorganisms including viruses. Especially adenoviruses type 40 and 41 of group F adenoviruses are two etiologies of gastroenteritis in newborns and infants of less than five years old. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of ad40 and ad41 inducing gastroenteritis in children hospitalized in Ahvaz Abuzar Hospital, Iran, during October 2007-2008. Materials and methods: Fecal samples collected from the patients were tested first by an ELISA kit, specific for adenovirus detection. All samples including positive specimens by ELISA method were subjected to two rounds of PCR test. A specific pair of primers for adenoviruses 40 and 41 was applied PCR method. Results: Out of 280 fecal specimens collected from diarrheic children, 7(2.5%) were positive by ELISA test and 12 (4.3%) by PCR method. All of positive samples belonged to ad41. Conclusion: From group F of adenoviruses, adenovirus 41 is the major etiology of gastroenteritis in Ahvaz area.


This paper has the following objectives: • To provide information on Pakistan's economy, labour and demography, education, and present situation in the TVET system and employment sectors; • To provide information about knowledge gaps and to make recommendations for further analysis and studies; and • To act as a Stimulus for discussion with development partners on how best to support the implementation of the National Skills Strategy for Pakistan. The Paper briefly covers areas and issues in Pakistan's TVET system – its governance and provision, labour market context, state of education and information on students. It also highlights a number of issues for further discussion. The paper is written under the assumption that readers are familiar with the Government of Pakistan's commitment to improve the TVET system in Pakistan, the NAVTEC and its Vision for skilling Pakistan. Consolidated, accurate, and up-to-date information on TVET is not easily available. The information for this Background Paper has been collected from various sources and the authors acknowledge that significant gaps remain. The paper is organized in seven sections. Section one provides introduction and overview of Pakistan's economy; section two discuss the general education and TVET system; section three covers governance of TVET system in Pakistan while sections four, five, and six discuss skill formation in and outside the formal system, financing of TVET, and major TVET initiatives. The section seven presents conclusion.


An ability to detect residual (sorbed) concentrations of hydrocarbons in a porous medium using nonintrusive geophysical methods is of interest in the remediation of hydrocarbon-contaminated sites. Proton NMR is an noninvasive analytical technique that can be applied to characterize several rock properties in the lab and the field. In this study, the authors perform a series of laboratory experiments to quantify the effect of sorbed crude oil on the NMR relaxation time (T{sub 1}) of water-saturated silica gels, both in the presence and absence of iron oxyhydroxide. The experimental data indicate that in the absence of paramagnetic iron impurities, T{sub 1} remains constant in the presence of sorbed hydrocarbons. T{sub 1} increases with increasing hydrocarbon concentration only if the silica surface is coated with a paramagnetic substance such as iron oxyhydroxide. These results suggest that increases in T{sub 1} previously observed for water in natural materials coated with oil are caused by the shielding of paramagnetic surface sites by the sorbed hydrocarbons. The major implication of this study is that proton NMR is a potential means of detecting sorbed or residual hydrocarbons in natural environments.


Psychiatric pharmacists and members of the College of Psychiatric and Neurologic Pharmacists (CPNP) recognize the importance of consumer education and advocacy. CPNP has a long-standing and close working relationship with the National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI). Members make presentations at local support groups and state and national conventions. CPNP members also participate in NAMI education programs such as Family to Family and Crisis Intervention Team training.


Recently, there has been significant research focus on Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Massively Multi-user Virtual Environments (MMVEs). A number of architectures have been presented in the literature to implement the P2P approach. One aspect that has not received sufficient attention in these architectures is state management and state persistency in P2P MMVEs. This work presents and simulates a novel state management and persistency architecture, called Pithos. In order to design the architecture, an investigation is performed into state consistency architectures, into which the state management and persistency architecture should fit. A novel generic state consistency model is proposed that encapsulated all state consistency models reviewed. The requirements for state management and persistency architectures, identified during the review of state consistency models, are used to review state management and persistency architectures currently receiving research attention.


This article reports on a two-part research project which analyzed chiller water samples and measured the fouling thermal resistance of evaporator tubes. In ASHRAE Research project RP-560, the objective was to determine the seasonal fouling resistances using actual field quality water under conditions typical of those experienced in field-instilled, water chiller-flooded evaporators. The research was divided into two parts. In the first part, water samples were taken from 71 chillers located in 31 cities across the US. A questionnaire was also filled out for each sampling site. These provided information on the chiller installation, chilled water system, operating profile and maintenance practices. In the second part of the research project, an experimental study was conducted to measure the fouling thermal resistance in the tubes of a water chiller-flooded evaporator operating at approximately 45 F (7 C). The fouling resistance measurements were made in a specially designed 12.6 ft (3.8 m) long test evaporator containing 16 tubes that was connected in parallel with an existing 250 ton (880 kW) R-11 chiller evaporator.


In the production process of epoxy/Al2O3 composite material, due to incomplete ring-closure reaction of epoxy resin matrix or incomplete washing with water, a certain amount of chlorohydrin residues remain in the by-products generated, resulting in the formation of hydrolyzable chlorine. As an impurity in epoxy resin matrix, hydrolyzable chlorine will affect the electrical properties of epoxy resin composites. In order to explore the influence rule and action mechanism of hydrolyzable chlorine on the electrical properties of epoxy/Al2O3 composites, four kinds of epoxy resins with different hydrolyzable chlorine content were obtained by adding different quality of chlorohydrin ether into epoxy resin. And the electrical properties of epoxy/Al2O3 composite material samples were tested, including breakdown strength, dielectric constant, dielectric loss factor, and volume resistivity. By analyzing the electrical properties of samples, the effects of different hydrolyzable chlorine content on the electrical properties of epoxy/Al2O3 composites were attributed to the strong electronegativity of Cl atoms in hydrolyzable chlorine. The experimental results show that with the increase of hydrolyzable chlorine content, the breakdown strength of epoxy/Al2O3 composites increases, the volume resistivity decreases, and the dielectric constant and dielectric loss factor both decrease slightly.