Purpose: Smart city is a city which functions in a sustainable and intelligent way, by integrating all of its infrastructures and services in a cohesive way using intelligent devices for monitoring and control, to ensure efficiency and better quality of life for its citizens. As other countries globally, UK is keen for economic development and investment in smart city missions to create interest in monetary environment and inward investment. This paper explores the driving forces of smart road transport transformation and implementation in the UK. Design/methodology/approach: The study involved interviews with sixteen professionals from the UK road transport sector. A semi-structured interview technique was used to collect experts' perception, which was then examined using content analysis. Findings: The results of the study revealed that the technological advancement is a key driver. The main challenges faced for the implementation of smart city elements in the UK road network are: lack of investment; maintenance; state of readiness and the awareness of the smart road transport concept. The study concludes that an understanding of the concept of smart cities from a road transport perspective is very important to create awareness of the benefits and the way it works. A wider collaboration between every sector is crucial to create a successful smart city. Originality/value: The study contributes to the field of digitalisation of road transport sector. This paper reveals the key driving forces of smart road transport transformation, the current status of smart road transport implementation in UK and challenges of the smart road transport development in the UK. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management http://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/ecaam 2 Introduction Enormous global urbanisation and growth has caused migration of people in urban areas and spatial development of urban infrastructure. According to Obaidat and Nicopolitidis (2016), 85-90% of the world population evolution is a result of a 21 st century cities. Therefore, smart cities are being created from scratch or being developed gradually by improving the prevailing cities infrastructure and primary resources. A study of McKinsey Global Institute's by Department for Business innovation and Skills (2013) shows that more than 50% of the global GDP (Gross Domestic Product) is generated in the 190 major cities in the developed countries compare to 22 largest cities in the developing countries. However, the increase of growth in the developed countries is healthy but this phenomena also set a high expectation on public services and the quality of the urban infrastructure and environment. Due to the urbanisation, more problems such as overpopulation, pollutions, scarcity of natural resources, public and private services are being created (Yigitcanlar et. al. 2020, Dameri, 2014). Smart cities are an emerging strategy to mitigate the problems generated by the rapid urban population growth and rapid urbanization (Prakash, 2019). A 'smart city' is defined as an urban area that is highly innovative in terms of overall facilities, ecological real estate, communication and market feasibility (Chirisa et al, 2016). Also, smart cities is defined as "a place where the traditional networks and services are made more efficient with the use of digital and telecommunication technologies, for the benefits of its inhabitants and businesses" (Kumar et al., 2018). Whereas BSI (2014) noted that smart cities as an effective integration of physical, digital and human systems in a built environment to deliver sustainable, prosperous and inclusive future for its citizens. From the above three definitions, it could be inferred that smart cities are cities that make use of physical, digital and human systems in order to enable sustainability and efficiency for the citizens within that city. The economic growth of any country is supported by its good infrastructure. The United Kingdom (UK) has strategic roads, railway and airports; however, it is one of the top 10 most congested country in the world (Korosec, 2018). According to ONS (2017), the population in the UK in 2016 was 65.6 million which was the largest ever. It is also projected that the population in the UK would grow, reaching over 74 million by 2039. Due to the population rise amalgamated with increase of cars on the road, which has increased by 4.6% higher than the previous peak in 2016 (Department of Transport, 2017), the present UK transport system faces many challenges. The UK road transportation system is gradually taking steps to overcome the problems. As road transport is a significant source of both safety and environmental concerns. This research aims to explore the driving forces of smart road transport transformation, and implementation in the UK along with the challenges faced. In doing so the next section delves into the relevant literature review followed by methodology and findings. The paper finally concludes with recommendations. 2. Literature review An extensive review of literature on drivers, current status of smart cities and the challenges are discussed in this section. Three main drivers include: technology, environment, and socioeconomy (See Table 1). The technological advancement is clearly seen as strong impact on the cities in the recent years. It can be seen clearly that, the communication technologies (ICT) develops city management, enhances technical and social networks, and urban affordability. Within the technology as a driver, the review of literature revealed that technologies such as Big Data, Internet of Things and Artificial Intelligence are widely Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management http://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/ecaam 3 implemented within the smart cities context. However, there is a lack of studies focusing on the UK smart road transport sector. Table 1: Literature on classification of drivers of smart cities development Drivers Description Source Technology Big data Big volume of digital data contents through online services such as Facebook, Twitter, You Tube, Instagram and SnapChat Olshannikova et al , 2017 Data is transmitted to various smart applications through sensor devices or other cloud computing integrated devices Hashem et al , 2016 Big data development highlights information and communication tools in the cyber physical farm management cycle and it identifies the interconnection related to socio-economic challenges Wolfert et al , 2017 Internet of Things IoT is widely in use for many multimedia application, smart transportation system and smart city design and deployment issues KeertiKumar et al , 2016 The implementation of IoT in transportation system means underlying technology and creating smart environments to increase their efficiency in tackling the transportation and environmental issues Kyriazis et al , 2013 Artificial Intelligence Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a technology that is influencing every pace of life which enable people to reconsider how to integrate information, analyse data, and real time data usage for the purpose of improve decision making West and Allen , 2018 Artificial neutral networks, expert system and hybrid intelligent system are computer based modelling tools that have recently aroused and found extensive recognition in many discipline for modelling complex real-world problem. Bahrammirzaee , 2010 China is a leading competitor and primarily focusing in the use of AI in military vehicles. While, Russia actively looking for opportunity in AI development and focused on robots in military Hoadley and Lucas , 2018 Environment Songdo, the Korean model of smart city was subjected to become one of the sustainable smart cities around the world Yigitcanlar , et al, 2018 Songdo, consist 40% of parks and green spaces and waste processing centre placed by the underground system and to recycle Benedikt , 2016 ; Shwayri , 2013 European Union aimed to reduce greenhouse gas emission in urban design through the implementation of innovation technologies Ahvenniemi et al , 2017 Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management http://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/ecaam 4 Cities have been setting high expectation on reaching the target of creating a clean future as shared by Covenant of Mayors' vision for 2050 to accelerate the decarbonisation Covenant of Mayors for Climate & Energy , 2018 Socioeconomy By 2050, six hundred cities will generate almost 65% of world economic growth by contribute to a higher global GDP Dobbs et al, 2012 Smart cities indicated as the next evolution of 'new community management where urban problems converted into opportunities for business investment and profit earning Anand and Marcco , 2018 Global smart cities market size to grow reaching USD 2.57 trillion by 2050 Grand View Research , 2018 Governments are obligated to protect citizen and their control over the active connection of local public groups, the police force, and the citizen such as the senior and disabled Neirotti et al ,2014 Level of observing has been focused by an increasing safety and security that desires to manage risks Kitchin , 2014 Safety and security features implemented with help of big data and data controls centres that joined and bind data stream collectively for example the installation of CCTV and street monitored camera are to monitor activity remotely Firmino and Duarte, 2014 Big data is a trend of utilising software tools to store data and share data collected with the use of technology. Nowadays, big data has been a tool that facilitating individual, businesses and government to discover new solutions to certain problems. Data is a crucial aspect as when an asset is built, asset management goes on and the more data collected in, the asset is being constructed, the more the asset can be maintained in an efficient manner (Loshin, 2018). Furthermore, KeertiKumar et al (2016) mention that IoT is widely used for many multim


This classroom action research was conducted to find out how the implementation of Project-Based learning online improves English learning outcomes in Kelas IX-A in SMP Negeri 15 Cirebon. This is a descriptive qualitative study done in two cycles with 24 students as participants, and the researcher herself acted as a participant observer. Data collection did by observation and document analysis, and the findings were then analyzed qualitatively based on the relevant theories explained in this study. The results show that the implementation of Project-Based learning online is significant to improve students' ability in writing simple fairytales in Kelas IX-A in SMP Negeri 15 Cirebon. However, teachers who implement this model need to give maximum motivation and material enrichment to increase students' confidence and participation during the learning process. To better perform this model online, teachers need to have great classroom management skills and master digital teaching. Further study in a larger scope is recommended for better results.


Although polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) is widely used as a denture base material, its disadvantages include low strength and low thermal conductivity. The effects on thermal conductivity, flexural strength, thermal diffusivity, and elastic modulus of adding Al2O3 and SiC powders in different volumes to PMMA were investigated. A total of 60 specimens were prepared in 10 groups (five groups for the thermal conductivity test and five groups for the flexural strength test (n:6). The specimens were immersed in water for 30 days before the testing. Thermal conductivity values were measured by the transient hot bridge (THB) method, and flexural strengths were measured by the 3-point bend test. A significant difference was found in thermal conductivity, flexural strength, thermal diffusivity and elastic modulus values between independent groups (P [0.001) using the Kruskal-Wallis test. The Kruskal Wallis 1-way ANOVA was used for the post hoc tests after Kruskal Wallis (a;=.05). The thermal conductivity of PMMA increased significantly with the addition of 15% SiC and 15% Al2O3. The flexural strength values decreased significantly with the addition of 10% SiC and 15% Al2O3. The thermal diffusivity values increased significantly with the addition of 10% and 15% SiC. The Young modulus of PMMA decreased when 10% SiC, 10% Al2O3 and 15% Al2O3 were added. Environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM) showed that ceramic powders were dissipated in PMMA. The addition of 15% SiC powders to PMMA increased thermal conductivity without significantly reducing flexural strength. This study helped determine the optimum volumes for the use of SiC and Al2O3 powders. Knowledge of the importance of this variable will help in more effective modification of denture base resin with SiC and Al2O3 powders to improve heat transfer without adversely affecting strength.


The Eastern Chou produced numerous philosophers and political and military thinkers. Among military thinkers, the first that comes to mind is Sun Wu, while among philosophers and political thinkers, the foremost are Confucius and Mo Tzu. They were all born during the latter half of the Eastern Chou, and their theories were all widely applied. This is especially true of Confucius, who was revered as a sage while still alive. During the entire feudal period which followed, Confucius' theories suited the needs of the ruling class, changing with the times but always holding the position of unchallenged orthodoxy, and no other schools or religions were able to overthrow it. Confucius was actually an eclectic sage of feudal society and the great representative of ancient Chinese culture.


We present a comparative study on the ultrafast nonlinear optical response of a novel conjugated zinc porphyrin system. The linear optical absorption spectra of these molecules all show the Q‐band and B‐band transitions of the basic porphyrin unit. We have taken spectrally resolved ultrafast pump–probe measurements on monomer, dimer, and polymer solutions, which allows us to compare their excited state dynamics and relate these to their linear optical absorption. The spectra show several common features, but these features have markedly different decay dynamics. The bleaching is preferential in the Q band for the polymer and the B band for the monomer. The polymer Q‐band bleaching shows a two‐component decay, of approximately 700 fs and 170±50 ps time constants in a biexponential fit, which we attribute to both exciton–exciton annihilation and exciton diffusion to recombination centers on the polymer chain. The Q band of the dimer also has a two‐component decay with 13±5 and 1250±70 ps time constants whic...


Discussesion on the Transversal electro-optical effect of LiNbO3 crystal.covers two forms of additional electric field,which have uniform crystal refractive index and lumen output,but different direction on inductive axis.Therefore,they also differ in the modulation of light path.X-axis and Y-axis can also be identified by the inductive axis of the crystal.


The highly stereoselective iodocyclocarbamation of the chiral Z olefins 6 and 12, derived from the corresponding α-amino acid, yields threo-3-hydroxy-D- and -L-glutamic acid (1 and 2).


Nowadays IoT and big data technologies make it easy to collect a huge amount of precise data about geospatial mobility. This abundant data improves mobility systems' study and optimization by allowing the application of data-driven approaches to gather accurate mobility models. In this paper, we evaluate techniques based on the optimization of Kernel Density Estimation (KDE) for modelling and generalizing the observed spatial data. We show how traditional KDE models fail to generalize the information obtained from mobility datasets, if not properly tuned. This mostly comes from the heterogeneity of the data, which changes over time (e.g., day and night) and space (e.g., dense or suburban areas). These issues call for fine grained parameter tuning, which we solve by automatically finding the optimal parameters for classical and variable KDE (V-KDE) approaches. We extensively compare the models' errors in capturing the mobility patterns using car sharing data. Our results show how optimized KDE and V-KDE models can better capture mobility patterns than traditional KDE approaches, both in 2D (i.e., origin or destination only) or 4D (i.e., representing origin-destination matrices) scenarios. We offer our tool available as open-source as a python module.


Parallel near-ultraviolet(NUV)beam, 387nm femtosecond laser pulses with
linear and circular polarisations were used to inscribe high efficiency Volume
Bragg Gratings (VBGs) in clinical grade poly(methyl)methacrylate (PMMA) with
the aid of a Spatial Light Modulator (SLM). Large, high quality VBGs with
dimensions of 5mm x 5mm in size with (1-7)mm thickness and 20µm pitch were
created at high speed, fabricated in 36 minutes, showing a first order diffraction
efficiency 1 >94% with 4mm thickness. This is the highest diffraction efficiency
observed to date in the undoped polymer, PMMA. Linear polarisation produced a
higher refractive index contrast than circular polarisation, was found to be due
to polarisation dependent non-linear filamentation, initiated through
self-focusing. Using the threshold for supercontinuum, the ratio of critical power
for self-focusing in PMMA was measured to be Pc
lin/Pc
circ  1.5, in accord with
theoretical expectations.
The pulse energy uniformity of the multiple beams was also dramatically
improved by a camera based feedback system which was integrated into a
LabVIEW based hologram calculation and display system, reducing the
non-uniformity of parallel NUV and NIR beams significantly, thus improving the
inscription process.


. 6 Machine learning (ML) is increasing in popularity in the field of weather and climate modelling. Applications range 7 from improved solvers and preconditioners, to parametrisation scheme emulation and replacement, and recently even 8 to full ML-based weather and climate prediction models. While ML has been used in this space for more than 25 9 years, it is only in the last 10 or so years that progress has accelerated to the point that ML applications are becoming 10 competitive with numerical knowledge-based alternatives. In this review, we provide a roughly chronological 11 summary of the application of ML to aspects of weather and climate modelling from early publications through to the 12 latest progress at the time of writing. We also provide an overview of key ML concepts and terms. Our aim is to 13 provide a primer for researchers and model developers to rapidly familiarize and update themselves with the world of 14 ML in the context of weather and climate models.


Purpose

This paper aims to study the influence of political-economic reform and especially privatisation on the quality of financial reporting of the Egyptian companies.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper analyses data from official documents and 34 interviews with company executives, financial analysts, external auditors and Stock Exchange regulators to inform our understanding of the relationship between changes in the Egyptian environment and the quality of financial reporting.

Findings

The findings of the research suggest that the recent Egyptian political-economic reform, resulting in privatisation has significant influence on negative accounting practices and hence on lowering the quality of financial reporting through its effect on: departure from uniform accounting system and public accounting regulations; issuing new stock exchange regulative rules; reviving the role of Stock Exchange; and increasing competition within Stock Exchange regarding raising funds.

Originality/value

This paper contributes to the literature by identifying the effect of socio-cultural factors on motivating executives to 7 exercise negative accounting practices and hence producing low-quality financial reports (FRs) and by highlighting the fact that accounting practices cannot be generalised worldwide due to the absence of universal socio-cultural factors which shape these practices. This paper employs new institutional sociology theory and contributes to that theory by acknowledging the active interplay between institutional context and economic environment.


Digital computation schemes are derived from consideration of the steady‐state response of difference equations. Examples are given from scalar inverse and square‐root routines and from relaxation methods for simultaneous equations.


The balanced homodyne detection as a readout scheme of gravitational-wave detectors is carefully examined, which specifies the directly measured quantum operator in the detection. This specification is necessary to apply the quantum measurement theory to gravitational-wave detections. We clarify the contribution of vacuum fluctuations to the noise spectral density without using the two-photon formulation. We found that the noise spectral density in the two-photon formulation includes vacuum fluctuations from the main interferometer but does not includes those from the local oscillator which depends on the directly measured operators.


Urban space not only is an empty physical space,but also has a certain social attributes.China's social changes have left a deep imprint in urban space.From a more equal distribution of urban space in the early founding of the P.R.C to the urban spatial differentiations after the reform and opening up,this change reflects the social management system and social relations,and such management system and changes in the structure of social relations.And in this process,there are structural and individual social exclusion which create the current phenomenon of differentiation of urban space.


Introduction: Risk scores for screening diabetes are devised for identifying individuals who are at the risk of developing diabetes in the general population. Aims/objectives: This study is done to identify the prevalence of undiagnosed diabetics and pre diabetes in the rural community by using two different Indian diabetic risk scores both devised by professors from Chennai. Material/methods: A diabetic screening camp was conducted by the Medicine Department after informing the public by the village health workers about the camp details. Details like Age, Family history, Physical activity and Measurements like height, weight and waist circumference of the participants were noted. Fasting blood sugar (by One Touch) and OGTT with 75 gm glucose after two hours for postprandial blood sugar was done. Results: 103 Patients were studied with Blood samples and among them 59 individuals presented with abnormal blood sugar (by using Indian Diabetic Risk Score-(IDRS) by Mohan et al ., 2010) and 58 individuals identified by using another Diabetic Risk Score devised by A.Ramachandran (A.R) and 20 individuals had Diabetes Mellitus in each score. Conclusion: Both the Indian Diabetic Risk Scores are equally effective in estimating the Prevalence of Diabetes but the advantages of IDRS devised by V.Mohan are its simplicity, low cost, less time consuming and easily applicable for mass screening programs.


The interplay between variational functionals and the Brunn-Minkowski Theory is currently a well-established phenomenon that has been widely investigated in the last thirty years. In this work, we prove the existence of solutions to the even logarithmic Minkowski problems arising from functionals such as the first eigenvalue of the Laplacian and the torsional rigidity. Moreover, we lay down a blueprint to obtain the same result for more generic functionals


This report is based primarily on published literature, symposia proceedings, and
unpublished management reports. Much of this information resulted from the tireless
work of independent researchers and volunteers. However, many of the goshawk
studies conducted in the Region should have a caveat attached to the data: All data
should be interpreted cautiously. Since many of the cited studies are unpublished,
written descriptions of study designs, methods, and analytical techniques are not always
available for critical analysis through peer review. No studies have been conducted on
a regional scale. Most were conducted in limited portions of one state and, except for
Rosenfield et al. (1996), the study locations were not randomly selected which limits the
inference value of the data for determining Region-wide trends. There are also
problems with small sample sizes, short study duration, and potential bias in nest
detection methods. Some of these items have been included rather than excluded with
the hope that by sharing as much information as possible, a better understanding of
goshawk biology will emerge. It is important to note that no regional inferences
should be drawn from these data. A potential outcome of this effort may be an
increased awareness of the lack of available information and the need for additional
research.


The number of racialized women entrepreneurs has grown exponentially in recent years. Despite this growing trend, these businesswomen are more likely to operate on a small scale; their labour-intensive businesses are characterized by low profits and limited mobility. Two fields of research attempt to illuminate — albeit problematically — the complexity of this phenomenon. Research on ethnic/immigrant entrepreneurs underestimates the experiences of racialized women who are entrepreneurs in their own right. Meanwhile the literature on women's entrepreneurship essentializes and homogenizes women's entrepreneurship. Research approaching women's entrepreneurship using an intersectional approach is scanty. In this paper, I draw on empirical evidence from a qualitative study with women entrepreneurs of Afro-Caribbean descent. To provide a more nuanced understanding of racialized women entrepreneurs' experiences as entrepreneurs, I use Dill and Zambrana's intersectional/interlocking systems of oppression framework, examining processes of gendering, classing and racialization within four domains: structural, disciplinary, hegemonic and interpersonal. Despite processes of differentiation, participants found creative and subversive ways to resist these processes.


This paper introduces agent heterogeneity, liquidity, and endogenous default to a DSGE framework. Our model allows for a comprehensive assessment of regulatory and monetary policy, as well as welfare analysis in the different sectors of the economy. Due to liquidity and endogenous default, the transmission mechanism of shocks is well defined, and their short to medium run effects on financial stability are properly captured.


In recent years, because of the birthrate declining and the elderly people's population growing, the lack of doctors and the increase of the medical cost is becoming a big problem. One of solution for this problem is to prevent the humans from diseases in order to reduce the medical cost (e.g. by using the hospital as few times as possible). In this research, we have developed a wearable vital sensor which can be used anywhere without disrupting the everyday life of the patient. Furthermore, we have implemented a ubiquitous health monitoring system, which can confirm and share the sensor information received from a cellular phone attached to the wearable vital sensor immediately through the browser. This system can also send emergency report based on sensor information to the family and the doctor. In addition, we verified the system effectiveness by evaluating the implemented system.


Pradirnicins (PRMs)i) and benanomicins,2) isolated independently t'roin rare actinomycetes in 1988, beiong to a {'amily of benzo[a]naphthacenequinene arttibiotics,3) PRMs show a potent and highly selective antibiotic activity against fungi including Candidn, Aspergiiltis, and CrJptococcus.3} Studies on the mode of action of PRM found that the specific binding of PRM to cell surface mannan in the presence of caleium induced a rapid leakage of potassium ions and morphological changes in cellular and nuclear membranes jn Candida atbieans, leading to cell death.`-7) Remarkably, PRM inhibited the infection by human im-


There are mamy wild plant species with potential of development and/or utilization nowadays in northwest China, through summary and analysis on utilization history and status of wild resource plants in China, especially on relational research outcomes of Northwest Sci Tech University of Agriculture and Forestry. Lots of thoughts and notions are discussed.


Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a symptomatic disorder of the nose induced by perennial or seasonal allergen exposure causing inflammation of membranes lining the nose, characterized by nasal congestion, rhinorrhoea, sneezing, itching of the nose and/or post-nasal discharge. The prevalence of AR is associated with a variety of environmental allergens and the level of exposure through direct contact, inhalation, or ingestion. It is clear from several studies and guidelines that screening and identification of various allergens in a particular region can facilitate in diagnosing, treating and formulating preventive strategies against AR. Since the preventive strategy and treatment of AR depends on correct identification of clinically relevant allergens in a particular region. This multi centric study was undertaken to evaluate the allergen patterns in patients with severe persistent allergic rhinitis from Central India. The inclusion criterion was male/female of all age groups presenting with nasal congestion, rhinorrhoea, sneezing, itching of the nose and/or post-nasal discharge. Exclusion criterion was patients suffering from infective pathology of nose and sinuses. The study group comprised of 810 male/female of the age group between 6 to 63 years. Results of the study indicate that in Central India, the common allergens are pollens (78.5%), insects (64.5%), food (50%) and dust (38.5%) causing severe persistent allergic rhinitis. Therefore avoidance of these allergens may results in improvement of symptoms. These results may also be helpful in immunotherapy of AR patients from Central India.


London: HMSO 1974 Vol 1 Physical Science pp 1095 price £7.70 Vol 2 Biological Science pp 853 price £6.50 Vol 3 Social Science pp 806 price £6.50 This guide to research in the various sciences continues to be a useful reference work. Prepared by the office of Scientific and Technical Information and revised annually it gives information about both researchers and research projects.


Objective
To investigate the risk factors of biliary tract complications in patients with liver cancer after thermal ablation and the prevention methods.

Methods
One thousand seven hundred and ninety-seven patients with liver cancer underwent percutaneous thermal ablation were enrolled in this retrospective study. According to the relative position of the tumor and biliary tract, patients were classified into 4 groups: with the tumor close to the first branch (group Ⅰ), the second branch (group Ⅱ), the third branch of bile duct (group Ⅲ) and far away from the biliary tract (group Ⅳ). The tumor response and complications, especially biliary tract complications after ablation therapy of subgroups were analyzed.

Results
A total of 2 356 sessions were performed in 1 797 patients with 3 200 lesions. The local progression rates of the tumors close to and far away from biliary were 10.0% and 8.2% (P=0.080) and the rate of complete ablation were 96.5% and 97.2%(P=0.298), respectively.Fourteen patients suffered from major biliary complications after thermal ablation. Biliary complication incidences of the patients with the tumor close to the first, the second biliary tract were 6.5% and 2.9% respectively, which were all higher than those of the patients with the tumor close to the third(0.3%) and far away from biliary duct(0.2%).

Conclusions
Percutaneous thermal ablation is an efficient and safe method in the treatment of tumors close to biliary tract and with a low incidence of major biliary complications. Patients with a tumor close to the large branch of biliary duct were at high risk of complications. Those tumors, therefore, should be ablated with assisting methods and extra care.

Key words:
Ultrasonography; Liver neoplasms; Thermal ablation; Complications; Biliary tract


book of moderate size, but Dr. Helm rightly feels that our conception of early Christianity has suffered by the practice of treating it sectionally. Such treatment is almost inevitable in view of the vastness of the field, and Dr. Helm himself has given disproportionate space to questions which are relatively subordinate. Two of his twelve chapters are devoted to a full discussion of the sacraments; and these are perhaps the most valuable chapters of the book. But while he has allowed himself to be attracted by special aspects of the early development (and this is by no means to be regretted), the author has kept his main purpose steadily in view. He has given an admirable presentation of the manner in which the new message reacted to the various forces operating in the ancient world, and has also realized, as many recent historians have failed to do, that the message was essentially a new one. The book, although it is the product of full and accurate scholarship, is in no way academic. It is written with zest, by one who is intensely interested in his subject, and who has succeeded throughout in imparting this interest to his readers.


This article addresses the problem of minimizing the sum of maximum earliness and tardiness on a single machine with unequal release times. It is proven that this problem is NP-hard in the strong sense and a branch-and-bound algorithm is developed as an exact method. In the proposed algorithm, modified dispatching rules based on different release times are proposed as the upper bound, while a procedure considering preemption assumption is used to obtain a good lower bound. Also, dominance rules based on no unforced idle time, adjacent pairwise interchanges in the base problem, and job blocks are used to fathom the nodes. In order to evaluate the efficiency of the proposed algorithm, 4,860 instances were randomly generated, varying from 7 to 1,000 jobs. It is shown that the branch-and-bound algorithm was capable of optimally solving 94.1% of the instances, showing its efficiency in solving all problem sizes.


At room temperature, GdMnO 3 is a paraelectric and paramagnetic with a distorted perovskite structure of orthorhombic symmetry (space group Pnma). On cooling, it undergoes a phase transition sequence to a magnetic incommensurate phase ( = δ (T)*; T c1 = 42 K) and a A-type antiferromagnetic phase (T c2 = 27 K). At low temperatures (T ≤ 12 K), a magnetic field applied along the a-axis destabilizes the antiferromagnetic phase and induces a first order transition to a magnetic commensurate modulated phase ( = 1/4 *) that is also ferroelectric (//). This work analyses this field induced phase transition from the point of view of the symmetry and Landau theory.


INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE:Adrenal tumor autonomously producing cortisol causes primary adrenal hypercortisolism. The catalytic unit of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase acts as a key molecule in...


Innovation scholars have long looked into the managerial practices that incumbents should adopt to promptly respond to disruptive innovations (see, e.g., Christensen, 1997; Birkinshaw and Gibson, 2004). These practices include, among the others, the use of an open innovation approach or the establishment of ambidextrous organizations. However, this body of research has not analysed how these practices develop and unfold over time, although very often incumbents are confronted with waves of disruptive innovations that cyclically take place along the lifecycle of an industry (Moreau, 2013). This paper investigates this issue through a historical analysis (Gottschalk, 1969) of the global music industry. For each wave of disruptive innovation that hit this industry over the last fifteen years (digital music distribution, permanent digital download and streaming), we analyse the reaction of incumbents and develop a model suggesting how incumbents develop over time managerial practices to respond to cycles of disruptive changes.


I)uning histochemictul expenimenuts on enzym utic digestiomi of tissuie sections, it n-as foumnd t hat pepsin i ticuibat iou's nemovetl t he enterochroniaffinu suibstausce from formtult!ehvt!e fixed guiinetu pig duiodenttun anst! gtustnic fuinut!uis. The enterochromaffin suibstatuce is only mtuititained adequiatehy its tissuse pneviouislv treatet! with a fornnabdehuyt!e fixnutive. Siuuce localiztutiolu of the eritenochromsitiffin sumbsttihuce to small granuibcs n-ithius the emsterochromtuffins cells is excellent,


A novel amide and imide copolymer, poly(N-phenylmethacrylamide-co-N-(p-hydroxyphenyl)maleimide) was synthesized for the matrix resin of ultraviolet (UV) photoresist. Elemental analysis and self-polymerization experiment verified that this copolymer was very close to 1:1 (molar ratio) in composition and was predominately alternating. It was able to dissolve in various organic solvents and form uniform curing film when spin-coating. Its differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetry analysis test showed good thermal stability and its glass transition temperature (Tg) was about 280°C. Photolithographic experiment indicated that the UV photoresist formulated with this copolymer as matrix resin was achieved the resolution of about 5 μm, the contrast of 3.001, and the sensitivity of 32 mJ/cm2. With good plasma etching resistance, the photoresist studied was able to bear 250°C for 30 min without thermal deformation during the thermal resistance test. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2009. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers


Considering the complexity and variation of mixed system in many processes in industry,a novel large-double-blade impeller with wide adaptability was developed.A computational fluid dynamics model describing the flow and mixing process was built,and the power,flow field and mixing characteristics in a stirring tank equipped with the novel impeller were simulated and analyzed.The simulation results show that in the flow field produced by the novel impeller,there are local circulating flows in the upper and lower blade zone and overall circulating flow through the whole tank.As the viscosity of mixing system increases,the fluctuations of axial,radial and tangential velocities in the flow field decrease,and its power and mixing performance remain good,which indicate that the novel impeller has a wide adaptability to flow regimes and viscosities.For the novel large-double-blade impeller,it is not beneficial to the global mixing when the feeding point is located close to liquid surface,so the feeding between the upper and lower blades is recommended in order to shorten the mixing time.The novel impeller is more efficient than the FZ impeller with the same dimension under the same power consumption per unit volume,so it is more competitive in energy conservation.The simulation will contribute a lot to the improvement and optimization of the structure and operation of the novel large-double-blade impeller.


Introduction - Neo-Imperialism: The Underlying Factors S.Grigoriev - Imperial Elements in Russia's Doctrines and Operations U.Ra'anan - Peacekeeping: Russia's Emerging Practice H.Almond - The "Nearest Abroad": Relations with Ukraine and Belarus' A.Karatnycky - Revisiting Russia's Turbulent Rim: Caucasus, Central Asia and Moldova A.Cohen - NATO, Russia and East European Security M.Kramer - Decline, in Character: Muffing NATO's Opportunity A.Codevilla - Clinton's Russian Policy: Between Desire and Reality P.Quinn-Judge - Turning the Cold War on its Head: The Costs for Russia, its Neighbors, and the United States P.Goble - Index


Out of the hundred or so holarctic Lycsenids distributed among a t least sixteen genera of the subfamily Plebejince (definitely fixed by Stempffer, 193 7, Bull. soc. ent. France 42 : 2 11, etc.; not covering the superficial concept of "Blues" for which no systematic term or division can exist), only fourteen species or so, two of which are obvious invaders from the Tropics, occur in the nearctic region (north of the 30th parallel). These belong to seven genera, four of which (the first four in the list given below) are holarctic and contain together six species of which one half is common to both regions. All three exclusively American genera have the free portion of the sedeagus elongated; all the exclusively palearctic genera, except Aricia R. L. (and the, mainly tropical, Chilades Moore and Freyeria Courvoisier) have stubby or proximally "bulbous" free portions. Of the four genera common to both regions one half belongs to the first type and one half to the second. The only Plebejince, so far known to exist in the nearctic region, are: 1. Agriades Hubner : glandon Prunner (holarctic) ; 2. Vacciniina Tutt: optilete Knoch (holarctic); 3. Lycceides Hubner : argyrognomon Bergstrasser (holarctic) , scudderi Edwards, melissa Edwards; 4. Plebejus Kluk: scepiolus Boisduval; 5. Plebulina, n.g. (remarkably amalgamating the Plebejus or Lycceides sedeagus with the valval processus superior and uncus + falces of Albulina Tutt): emigdionis Grinnell (genotype) ; 6. Icaricia, n.g. (allied to Aricia R.L. in sedeagus; somewhat to Polyommatus Latreille in general type of uncus as seen ventrally; close to both in processus superior of valve; distinguishable by the underdeveloped, i.e. devoid distally of any


In order to improve the efficiency of tourism resources management and the accuracy of tourism resources recommendation, a personalized recommendation method for tourism resources based on deep learning and knowledge graph was proposed. Firstly, the feature vectors of attractions were represented based on the Node2Vec method in knowledge graph feature learning. Then, the potential feature vectors of attractions were obtained by using the feature vectors of attractions as the input of the GRU neural network. Considering the user's long and short term preferences, the attention mechanism was introduced for modeling, and the probability of each attraction in the next visit was predicted, and finally a recommendation list was generated. The experimental results showed that the HR@10 index value of the proposed method is 41.1%, and the MRR@10 index value is 16.5%, which is higher than that of other recommendation methods. At the same time, in the influence of different dimensions on the recommendation results, with the increase of data dimensions, the hit rate of recommendations also increases. When the dimension is 150, the recommendation effect is the best. Among the effects of different recommendation list lengths on recommendation results, the proposed recommendation method is higher than the other recommendation methods. Therefore, the proposed recommendation method can well recommend tourism resources to users, and the recommendation model shows good recommendation performance for multi-dimensional complex data.


A simple, rapid and sensitive isocratic method for detection and quantification of losartan in plasma has been developed. The assay consisted of reversed HPLC with UV detection. Losartan chromatographed on a CIS column, mobile phase consisting of 50:50, acetonitrile and 0. 1% of glacial acetic acid in water. The mobile phase was pumped at a flow rate of 1. Oml/min and the eluent was monitored at 230nm. Valsartan (20μ̂ ηι1) was used as internal standard. Sensitivity of the assay was <50ng/ml. Intra-and inter-assay variations were <land <2% respectively. Recovery of losartan was 98-99% . Using 500μ1 of plasma sample, standard curves were linear from 0. 05 to 0. 5 μg/ml (rM). 9926). The assay has been successfully applied to measuring plasma concentrations of losartan in patients receiving a daily dose of losartan (12. 5-100mg). The validation data has been studied. This method provides sufficient reproducibility, sensitivity and specificity for clinical pharmacokinetic studies.


FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to medicine, specifically to otorhinolaryngology, and can be used in treating chronic allergic external otitis. Method involves application in external auditory canal fenistil or Psilo-Balsam on turunda 2-3 times a day for 3-4 weeks. Essentiale forte is simultaneously orally administered in a dose of 2 capsules 3 times a day for 3-4 weeks, and then Carsil in a dose of 1-2 tablets 2 times a day for 1-2 months. EFFECT: using invention provides higher clinical effectiveness, reduces number of recurrences. 1 cl, 2 ex


This study was carried out in three phases. During the first stage, the physicochemical properties of French sauce prepared from different blends of soybean and olive oils were evaluated. In the second stage, the oxidative stability of the optimum sauce sample from the first stage enriched with various amounts of olive leaf polyphenolic extract (OLE) (obtained via ultrasound-assisted extraction) was investigated over 90 days of storage. During the third stage, the microbiological and sensory properties of the samples containing the optimum amounts of OLE, as a substitution for the synthetic preservatives, were studied. According to the results, addition of olive oil at higher levels (75 and 100%) could affect the physicochemical properties of the sauce as compared to the control sample. It was also found that the addition of olive oil (up to 50%) would not significantly impact the sauce properties. Regarding the OLE enrichment in the samples, it was found that high levels of OLE could improve the oxidative stability of the samples. Based on the results of the experiments in the third phase, it was found that OLE could be used as a preservative instead of the commercial ones. Overall, this study suggests the potential use of olive oil and olive leaf extract in the preparation of French sauce to boost its nutritional value and its stability.


05 | MAY 2020 Hard surface cleaners, especially those with antibacterial and viral activity, are seeing a surge of interest as a result of the coronavirus pandemic. With research showing the estimated lifetimes of the virus on surfaces such as plastic, metal and cardboard, there is also a focus on cleaning products that stay active on surfaces. According to US research, Covid-19 remains detectable for up to three hours in aerosols, up to four hours on copper, up to 24 hours on cardboard and up to two to three days on plastic and stainless steel. The researchers were from the University of California – Los Angeles and Princeton University, the US National Institutes of Health's National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Active agents that remain active on surfaces has been a topic of interest but not a major focus in recent years. The driver has been to reduce cleaning by repelling the deposition of soils. At the Cleaning Products USA conference in Bethesda, US, in October 2019, Eric Yezdimer, research and business development manager at Gelita USA, reported on the use of a long-lasting cleaning product that has been trialled on the railway system of Northern Germany. The main cleaning additive, Novotex CB800, is made from an all-natural biodegradable polymer that has high skin tolerance and is allergen-free. It forms a temporary hydrophilic protein layer on surfaces keeping them cleaner longer and making follow-up cleaning easier. Results in trials of both interior and exterior train cleaning have shown a 30% reduction in washing time, up to a 90% reduction in freshwater consumption and 50% reduced overall costs. Yezdimer added that the protein film can last up to five washes, as each wash refreshes the layer, but an important variable is the temperature of the water. Another key benefit is the reduction in the need for other more aggressive cleaning ingredients. So far the research has only been carried out on trains, but Yezdimer pointed out that the next step will be to look at household applications. He noted, however, that trains are cleaned the same way every time, so for household and also car care applications, there would be a need to look at how the polymer performs in different formulations and applications. He added that the protein stability 'depends upon the conditions' and that for any application it would be necessary to test for interactions with other ingredients in the formulations.


Multiple drug resistance(MDR)of cancer cells is one of the main factors resulting in treatment failures.However,the clinical effects of MDR reversal agents are poor with many side effects.Screening MDR reversal agents in traditional Chinese is safe,effective and has multi-targets.In this review,the current research progress on the mechanism of cancer cell MDR and the research situation of its reversion by Chinese herbal medicine were described.


Due to its wide applications and learning efficiency, online ordinal regression using perceptron algorithms with interval labels (PRIL) has been increasingly applied to solve ordinal ranking problems. However, it is still a challenge for the PRIL method to handle noise labels, in which case the ranking results may change dramatically. To tackle this problem, in this paper, we propose noise-resilient online learning algorithms using ramp loss function, called PRIL-RAMP, and its nonlinear variant K-PRIL-RAMP, to improve the performance of PRIL method for noisy data streams. The proposed algorithms iteratively optimize the decision function under the framework of online gradient descent (OGD), and we justify the algorithms by showing the order preservation of thresholds. It is validated in the experiments that both approaches are more robust and efficient to noise labels than state-of-the-art online ordinal regression algorithms on real-world datasets.


Chapter 1 introduces the reader to global and European governance. Reviewing the current trend of 'reduced government' (3, 4) where the actors range from nation state and international organisations to multinational companies and civil society organisations, the chapter points out the strong existence of the two global super powers, the USA and China, with their growing economic growth performance compared with European countries. It then briefly summarises various policy scenarios up to 2030 including governmental budgets and debt, climate change and migration. These hypotheses and assumptions are tested throughout the rest of the chapters. Chapter 2 explores global and European governance in more detail, and Chapter 3 investigates four main scenarios of the EU using macroeconomic models—'Struggling on'; 'EU break-up'; 'Multi-speed Europe' and 'Towards Federal Europe'—and alternative scenarios including 'USChina accommodation' and 'multi-polar collaboration'. 'Struggling on' scenarios 'envisage a world in which government initiatives to stimulate GDP growth and employment are limited and global corporations [ . . . ] are scarcely able to resolve structural problems and compensate recessionary tendencies in the world economy' (60). 'EU break-up' is based on an assumption that 'the Eurozone fragments and the ensuing loss of confidence leads to a hiatus in investment and trade across Europe' (60). Whilst these two scenarios pose pessimistic views—Europe cannot foresee international cooperation or further integration and would break up in worst cases—the latter two predict multilateral/multipolar scenarios. 'Multi-speed Europe' is based on an assumption that '[c]ountries in different parts of the world seek increased economic and financial integration at the regional level to reduce global dependency and protect themselves against financial instability' (60). 'Towards Federal Europe' scenarios 'assume a substantial federal budget with euro-bond finance supporting convergence policies to bring productivity and living standards in all parts of Europe closer together' (61). In addition to these, an alternative scenario 'Multi-polar collaboration' assumes


Giving birth is a usual yet a special act. Society has a responsibility to ensure that all women should safely journey through pregnancy and childbirth. This is possible through intake of appropriate diet and also avoidance of
irregular diet practices.
Concentrating one's mind on the food we intake impacts our psychology and also affects our digestion. When
diet is wrong, medicine is of no use and when diet is correct, medicine is of no need. Nutrition is the master key to
human health. Proper nutrition has potential to positively impact a mother's and baby's health, contributing to
good maternal and infant welfare.
Diet and lifestyle are important determinants of health which is to be given importance for both mother and offspring. To help pregnant woman achieve safe, healthy and balanced diet insight into the factors influencing their
dietary behavior is important.
Ayurveda lays great emphasis on ensuring holistic nutrition. Ayurveda put forth diet as one of the strongest pillars
in maintaining health. ¹Ahara and vihara have been great significance in ayurveda in antenatal period. The review
describes the effect of diverse intake of food and lifestyle on the foetus known as Garbhopghatak bhavas.


The purpose of this research paper is to understand the various service innovations adopted by hospitality sector and to examine the impact of the same. The paper also discusses how these innovations in services generate customer satisfaction. To conduct these research responses were collated through survey. The tool used is well constructed set of questions. The respondents were categorized into business traveler and leisure traveler. Also few respondents were the travel agents/marketers who provide innovative services to travelers in the hospitality sector. The data were analyzed through graphical representation and statistical test. The results clearly indicated few service innovations which were more preferred by these two categories of traveler such as flexible check in, customized services, child care facility, kitchen and IT/internet related facility. The results also depicted that there exist a positive impact of these services with satisfaction. This highly influences the business of hospitality sector.


Due to severe employment situation,self-employment is becoming a way for more and more students to find jobs.There are a number of problems in self-employment for students from countryside.The government,society and colleges should combine their efforts to improve their self-employment.


PURPOSE
The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of scintigraphy with (99m)Tc-depreotide in the staging of lung cancer, especially in cases where CT findings are doubtful.

METHODS
53 patients with suspected lung cancer were investigated with whole body planar acquisition and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) of the thorax after i.v. injection of 740 MBq (99m)Tc-depreotide (Neospect). The results were compared with CT and correlated with histological findings.

RESULTS
In 50 of 53 patients the biopsy was positive for bronchogenic carcinoma (31 patients with non small cell lung cancer [NSCLC], 18 with small cell lung cancer (SCLC), and 1 patient with neuroendocrine cancer). In the remaining 3, biopsy revealed no bronchogenic carcinoma (3 patients with inflammation). In 2/31 patients with NSCLC and doubtful CT findings, uptake of (99m)Tc-depreotide was the only non invasive reliable staging method.

CONCLUSION
It seems that scintigraphy with (99m)Tc-depreotide in patients with SCLC does not change the tumor stage, whereas in NSCLC the contribution of Neospect in lung cancer staging may be a helpful tool, especially in cases where CT alone is unable to distinguish between IIIA and IIIB stages (operable from non operable status).


The Regional Planning Council (RPC) now is exploring through trial-and-error, the most effective, efficient means of performing travel demand forecasts cooperatively with its 'clients. ' Compatibility of microcomputer systems across agencies has created opportunities for clearer delineation of responsibilities in jointly performing technical transportation studies. It is now possible for local jurisdiction planners to contribute directly to the systems analysis process by creating databases for telecommunication or diskette-based transmission. Databases which could be assembled in this way includes network descriptions and small area demographic forecasts. The report describes RPC's progress toward attainment of this goal. The first step involves simple downloading of files from the mainframe to a microcomputer environment. A discussion of the manner in which various microcomputer software packages are utilized, individually and in combination, is presented.


Purpose: This study examines how the militancy activities (attacks, hostility, unfairness and victimization) in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria influenced secondary school students' dropout (SSSD) and the implications for educational development.
Methodology: The research design adopted was descriptive survey design using the cross-sectional data from 904 students of 30 public secondary schools located in the communities with high militancy activities in three of the nine Niger Delta states. The direct influence of the outcomes of militancy activities on SSSD were tested using hierarchical regression.
Results: The results show that the outcomes of militancy activities were associated positively with SSSD, indicating that the outcomes of the militancy activities significantly influence SSSD in the study population. The present study contributes to knowledge and extends research on the effects of the militancy activities on secondary school students' dropout and enrolment in school programmes.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: The findings have practical and policy implications for educational development in the Niger Delta region. Based on the findings, the study recommended among others that government should create employment opportunities for the youths.


A 2-year 7-month old girl presented to the authors' institution with a 1-month history of pain in her left arm and an associated soft tissue mass on the posterior aspect of the left upper arm. During this period, the patient had been holding her arm at her side and complaining of pain made worse with movement or lifting. There was no history of trauma, fever, chills, night sweats, or weight loss. The patient's medical history was significant only for a thoracic spinal arachnoid cyst extending from T1-T6 that had been shunted approximately 1 year before this presentation. Her family history was noncontributory. Notable on physical examination was a well-healed longitudinal midthoracic surgical scar from her previous arachnoid cyst procedure. She had no evidence of scoliosis, dysraphic changes, skin changes, or neurologic abnormalities. Examination of her left upper extremity was significant for a diffuse soft tissue mass diffusely in the posterior aspect of her upper arm. The patient had no increased warmth or fluctuance in the region of the mass and there was no axillary lymphadenopathy. The mass did not transilluminate. Her strength and sensation were intact and there were symmetric bounding brachial and radial pulses. Laboratory studies included a normal metabolic panel, leukocyte count, erythrocyte sedimentation Orthopaedic • Radiology • Pathology Conference CME ARTICLE


The relation between microorganisms and renal lesions in IE has bilateral nature: urinary tract infections may be source of systemic invasion that will cause IE, IE causative microorganisms may cause inflammatory changes in glomeruli or be disseminated in renal parenchyma gematogenously with the formation of the abscesses in case of fragmentation or migration of the vegetations. IE-associated GN - is an immune-mediated GN caused by bacterial infection. More commonly GN presented in cases of streptococcal and staphylococcal IE. For renal embolism is typical association with staphylococcal infection, and there are documented cases of renal infarctions in IE caused by S. pneumonia, and C. burnetti. The effect of microorganisms on other clinical manifestations of kidney damage in IE has not been studied.

 The study included 209 patients with verified IE. All patients were performed bacteriological and 81(38,8%) parallel one-moment biomolecular (PCR or PCR with follow-up sequenition) tests. In case of death or cardiac surgery, affected valves (n=15) were tested with the same technique. To asses renal function we calculated glomerular filtration rate with CKD-EPI formula. AKI, AKD and CKD were diagnosed in accordance with present guidelines [KDIGO, 2012].

 Renal ivolvement into the pathological process trended higher in patients with Gr- (p=0,016) and few causative microorganisms (p=0,039). There are significant differences in incidence of different renal syndromes in patients with MRSA, Gr- and few causative microorganisms - these patients more often had acute nephritic syndrome (respectively p=0,036; p=0,005; p=0,003) (tab. 1). Impairment in the renal function was significantly associated with MRSA (p=0,012), Gr- (p=0,01) and few causative microorganisms (p=0,003). In addition long-lasting renal impairment was observed: patients with MRSA had median time of worsening of the renal function 9 days (IQR 4-14), with Gram-negative microorganisms median time was 9 days (IQR 5-12), with polyflora 10 days (IQR 7-14). But there were no significant differences in median time of renal function worsening in patients with other causative microorganisms. Incidence of AKI and AKD depending on causative organism did not significantly differ.

 Kidney lesions in IE significantly associated with Gr- microorganisms, MRSA and with the presence of 2 or more causative microorganisms. Clinical spectrum of renal lesions is diverse: from the changes in the urine sediment to longstanding kidney dysfunction.


The invention discloses a low carbon alkane dehydrogenation catalyst for alkene production and its preparation method and application. The catalyst uses Al2O3 (alumina) as a carrier, chromium as an active component, and an alkali metal as an assistant catalyst component, taking to the final catalyst weight as the base, the chromium oxide content is 10.0%-30.0%, the alkali metal oxide content is 0.5%-3.0%, and the rest is the alumina. The active component chromium is stepwise impregnated onto the alumina carrier before and after impregnation of the alkali metal assistant catalyst component. The low carbon alkane dehydrogenation catalyst for alkene production is used in dehydrogenation of propane to produce propylene. The low carbon alkane dehydrogenation catalyst for alkene production has high activity stability and propylene selectivity, and the preparation method is simple, and is suitable for industrial applications.


Kasetsart University (KU) Sesame Breeding Project had been developed sesame lines with high seed retention after the capsules are dry in 2003. These sesame lines are divided into two types: (1) The capsules open at the tip when they are dry, but the seed remained in the capsules more than 70% after the capsules are inverted. This capsule type is called shatter resistance (Langham,1996) and (2) The capsules are closed when they are dry, it is called non ? shattering (Wongyai and Chowchong, 2003a). Both shatter resistance and non ? shattering are easily threshing by rice or soybean thresher machine. Seeds do not damage by machine. The improved non ? shattering is not controlled by recessive indehiscent gene (id). The original indehiscent plant was reported by D.G. Langham (1946) and the capsules of the id/id indehiscent plant proved too difficult to thresh (Ashri, 1998). However, the further research on inheritance of shatter resistance and non ? shattering in sesame are needed for understanding. In April 2004 the two superior non ? shattering lines with white seed color have been released namely C plus 1 and C plus 2. These two lines were developed from the cross KUds6111/Sesaco 20. KUds6111 is delayed shattering which it was developed by KU Sesame Breeding Project. Sesaco 20 is shatter resistance which it was developed by Sesaco Corporation, San Antonio, Texas, USA (Wongyai and Chowchong, 2003b). The shattering in sesame remains the problem of sesame production in the world. Seed loss may reduced yield by 60% (Boyle and Oemcke, 1995) Sesame could not grow in a large area and it could not mechanically harvest. In Thailand sesame production areas are reduced year by year. It is due to seed shattering and it is costly at harvest and manual labor is becoming scarce. The new varieties of non ? shattering would be potential for increasing seed yield per unit area and the mechanical production system would accept by grower as the major crops such as rice and maize. KU18, the black seed sesame variety was developed by KU Sesame Breeding Project in 1992. KU18 is unique quality for taste and flavor for edible seed (Takada and Uno, 2001). In addition the local varieties of Thailand namely Loie, Mae Hongson , Kok Samrong and Saraburi are higher lignans content (Katsuta et al., 2001). Thus, the shatter resistance and non ? shattering lines have been employed for KU Sesane Breeding Project. There are three programs as follow: 1) To develop high yielding cultivar, 2) To improve black seed sesame with good taste and flavor and 3) To develop high seed retention with high lignans content. The crosses of these three breeding programs were made in 2002. The selected F₄ and F? lines of these breeding programs will be tested for their yielding ability and will evaluate for seed quality and lignans content.


Exposure to diagnostic radiation was one hypothesis in the "Northern Germany Leukemia and Lymphoma Study (NLL)", a population based retrospective epidemiologic case control study. In the NLL standardized, computer-assisted, personal face-to-face interviews were conducted with a large number of representative controls. In these interviews, different classes of radiologic examinations were assessed over the lifetime of every participant. Individual radiation exposure doses were calculated for different dose concepts based on the specific kind of examination, the calendar year, and age of the participant. To determine radiation exposure to patients undergoing conventional diagnostic radiography a comprehensive model for retrospective assessment was applied. This model allows for the quantification of relevant doses from exposures in the time period between 1946 and 1995. For the sample of controls (1759 men, 1061 women) lifetime accumulated radiation exposure doses among exposed individuals ranged between 0.02 and 4234 mSv for conventional radiography (mean 69.2 mSv) and between 27.2 and 330.4 mSv for cardiac catherization (mean 48.5 mSv). The resulting accumulated radiation exposures exceed previous estimates for the German population and can reach considerable levels for selected individuals.


Hard real-time applications in safety critical domains require high performance and time analyzability. Multi-core processors are an answer to these demands, however task interferences make multi-cores more difficult to analyze from a worst-case execution time point of view than single-core processors. We propose a multi-core SMT processor that ensures a bounded maximum delay a task can suffer due to inter-task interferences. Multiple hard real-time tasks can be executed on different cores together with additional non real-time tasks. Our evaluation shows that the proposed MERASA multi-core provides predictability for hard real-time tasks and also high performance for non hard real-time tasks.


Recently, the idea of quantum phase transitions has been applied to equilibrium shape changes in finite atomic nuclei. An introduction to and discussion of this concept, both from the macroscopic perspective and from a microscopic approach, in terms of shell structure and residual interactions is presented. Following this, the quantitative predictions of the critical point symmetries (CPS) X(5) and E(5) are discussed in some detail and compared to the data in a number of nuclei and mass regions. Any successful new model paradigm soon generates modifications to improve the predictions and, likewise, often spawns related models inspired by the original ansatz. This is eminently true of the CPS and we make an effort to briefly discuss this rapidly advancing area in terms of a number of recent modifications to the CPS as well as related models that are couched in a geometrical perspective.


Goal: the research is aimed at studying the relationship between aspects of the organizational climate and the components of employee burnout in a large industrial company. Methodology: a mini-survey of 16 company executives was conducted on the most characteristic elements of the organizational climate, selected from a list compiled on the basis of an analysis of scientific publications. Quantitative data collected during a survey of 915 employees of an industrial company in 2022 Data analysis was carried out using multivariate statistical methods. Findings: statistically significant relationships between a number of organizational climate characteristics and burnout components were identified. The most important factor in the organizational climate turned out to be transformational leadership, which affects all three components of burnout (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and evaluation of personal achievements). Organizational clarity is essential to reduce levels of depersonalization and increase the assessment of personal accomplishments and fruitful interactions with management and colleagues. The work organization has a strong impact on emotional exhaustion, and safety culture on the assessment of personal achievements. The presence of ethical practices in the company is significant, first of all, for a positive assessment of personal achievements, as well as for reducing the level of depersonalization. Originality and contribution of the authors: traditionally, the phenomenon of burnout has been studied at the individual level, the focus of researchers has been mainly employees of healthcare and educational institutions. The research underlying the article was conducted at an organizational level in an understudied industrial context.


This article demonstrates the potential of modern bioanalytical strategies used in metallomic studies of platinum drugs. The combi- nation of multidimensional chromatographic and/or electrophoretic separation techniques with atomic (ICP-MS) and molecular (ESI-MS/MS) mass spectrometry is presented as a valuable alternative in this type of studies.


A variety of pressing questions on the current topics and trends in gay male pornography were sent out to the contributors of this special issue. The answers provided were then collated into a 'virtual' discussion. In a brief concluding section, the contributors' answers are reflected upon holistically in the hopes of shedding light on the changing face of gay male pornography.


This paper derives the BER in synchronous (downlink) indoor direct-sequence code division multiple access (DSCDMA) transmission over a Ricean multipath channel with a non-uniform delay profile. Computational results will show that the performance is much better than that predicted by models which assume that all resolvable paths have independent identically distributed (i.i.d.) power.


Two years of studies were made of the establishment of scion plucking nursery and cutting propagation skills of Melastoma candidum D.Don according to four different treatments including root promoting content,cutting time,different sections and pruning styles of the scion.The results have shown that:(1) when the parent tree comes from the nursery,the amount of scions harvested per tree can reach to 18 to 54 stems after 1 year growth,and the parent trees with piles of 1 cm~2 cm length have the best harvest,coming to 54 stems per tree;(2) In cuttings,using a treatment of 200 mg·L-1 GGR6 root promoting power solution is the best,and the rate of root number rises to 88.5 per cent,but the water spike effect is the worst,with rooting rate being below to 68.5 per cent;When cutting time is in the middle of October,the rate of new roots reaches to its best(90.5 per cent);The upper branches of cutting have the highest survival rate(91.5 per cent);Different pruning styes of cutting have no significant difference in the survival rate,and their average survival rate is 80.4%.


The development of low frequency (1–2 MHz) rf plasma generators for high power neutral beam applications is summarized. Immersed couplers from one to three turns were used. Acceptable plasma profiles, ≤15% max/min, were obtained in a variety of field‐free, magnetic bucket and magnetic filter‐bucket sources, with 10×10 or 10×40 cm extraction areas. Hydrogen beam properties were measured with a 7×10 cm accelerator operated at 80 kV. Atomic fraction and power efficiency were at least as high as with arc plasmas in similar chambers. The potential advantages of an rf plasma source are: ease of operation; reliability; and extended service lifetime.


With a new compressor foundation engineering of a Wuhu workshop in Anhui province as an example,it introduces the application of open caisson construction method in the workshop,respectively expounds the technical scheme,procedures,and sinking procedures of open caisson construction,and briefly illustrates the treatment for unpredictable factors occurring in construction process,with a view to provide guidance for future similar engineering.


We continue the analysis of the lattice spin‐field theory which is introduced in paper I and which formally gives the exact entropy for a set of completely flexible self‐avoiding polymers on a lattice. The model allows for arbitrary chain length distributions and arbitrary polymer volume fractions. Use of random fields produces a field theory from which Flory–Huggins results are recovered in the mean field limit. Here we recast the mean field formulation to allow for the rigorous and systematic evaluation of corrections by means of a cluster expansion. We then calculate corrections to the mean field directly up to fourth order and provide a systematic diagrammatic method for evaluating general order corrections. Our results illustrate the polymer concentration dependence of the corrections to the Flory–Huggins mean field results as well as provide the origins for the entropic contribution to the Flory χ parameter and its concentration dependence. Generalizations to treat rods and semiflexible polymers wil...


The games research community strongly focuses on games as a medium that benefits players, and predominantly views negative effects through the lens of permanent vulnerability. In this paper, we argue that this is a narrow perspective which no longer aligns with how policy makers and other fields view the construct, and limits our research community in how we understand the potential harms of play: First, We deconstruct vulnerability and question who is vulnerable in which context, and then we explore the relationship between vulnerability, game design, and mundane types of harm. We conclude with challenges and opportunities for our community.


Global media organizations are not only extremely broad but also continuously changing. Global media organizations refer to various agencies that conduct diverse activities, from content production to regulation. Some media organizations such as mega media corporations play a key role in globalization and transnationalization as they produce and disseminate cultural products around the globe, while other media organizations, including the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN), develop global media governance structures. In other words, several forms of global media organizations, from global media industries, such as Disney, Sony, and 21st Century Fox, to international agencies including the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), shape and reshape the global media systems that greatly influence people's lives in many parts of the world. To explore these global media organizations, experts must have at least some knowledge of international communication, globalization theory, media regulation, and media policy. To understand global media organizations, experts also need the same wide-ranging knowledge for several countries, regions, and comparative national priorities in the realm of media and communication. Tackling this broad topic requires choices on what to include and what to exclude. Most of the citations annotated in this article come from diverse perspectives, with a strong historical, theoretical, policy, and governance flavor as we want to include as many relevant academic materials as possible. These books and articles focus on global media agencies, organizations, networks, and infrastructure that tie together plus their consequences, regulation, and governance. Also included are issue-based sections, each of which contains six to ten important items that introduce readers to key issues. These are Theories and Concepts; Business: Sites of Investment and Source of Employment; Digital Convergence; Ownership, Structures, and Power Dynamics; News Organizations; Transnational Corporations; Media Management; and Media Work and Labor. Academic journals that deal with important aspects of global media organizations are also noted. This article does not attempt to cover everything in relation to global media organizations, and simple national and comparative perspectives are not included here, with rare exceptions.


I n the early 1970s, barely a trace of what is today a rapidly growing infrastructure on corporate responsibility existed. Overall, the responsibility infrastructure encompasses a variety of different institutions that place pressures on companies for greater accountability, responsibility, transparency, and sustainability. Some of these institutions, like social investment, an emergent responsibility assurance infrastructure, business associations, and internal responsibility management approaches, are market based, in that they rely on market mechanisms. Others are based in civil society, including multi-stakeholder dialogues and collaborations, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), activists, interest groups, watchdogs, and ratings and rankings. In parts of the world, legislative and regulatory action is also beginning to focus, in particular, on issues of disclosure and transparency around ESG – environmental, social, and governance – aspects of firms. Below, I explore how a select group of individuals called difference makers used pragmatic vision and social entrepreneurship to build some of the pioneering institutions of the responsibility assurance framework now emerging. This framework is part of a much more extensive network of emerging institutions around corporate responsibility. It encompasses: (1) standards, codes, and principles that businesses are increasingly expected to live up to; (2) credible monitoring, verification, and certification systems to provide assurance that what is stated by companies is what is actually being done; and (3) generally accepted reporting standards comparable to financial reporting standards, but focused on non-financial or ESG matters. This infrastructure has created both new visibility for issues of corporate responsibility and also numerous responses and increasingly proactive momentum among companies, particularly multinational corporations who are in the limelight, around ESG issues. Although there are many individuals whose work could be highlighted, space constraints focus this manuscript on the work of only a few of the many difference makers. S E E D S O F R E S P O N S I B I L I T Y A S S U R A N C E


The efficiency concept has been the major concern of specialists and analysts in the vital flied of energy. The energy efficiency corresponds with the productivity of resources consumption since there is a worrying limitation on the fossil fuel reserves of the earth. Although the price of fuel has been diminished significantly in recent years, the constraint of its availability in not-too-far future has put the pressure on the governments to intend toward the renewable energies more than ever. Furthermore, nobody can really estimate that what would be occurred in the global economic market in the next years.


Microstructural parameters evaluations of reservoir rocks are very important to petroleum industry. This work presents total porosity and pore size distribution measurement of a sandstone sample from the Tumblagooda formation, collected at Kalbarri National Park in Australia. Porosity and pores size distribution were determined using X-Ray microtomography and imaging techniques. For these measurements, it was employed a micro-CT (μ-CT) Skyscan system model 1172 with conical beam, operated with a 1 mm Al filter at 80 kV and 125 μA, respectively, and a 2000 x 1048 pixels CCD camera. The sample was rotated from 0 o to 180o, in step of 0.5o. For the considered sample, this equipment provided images with 2.9 μm spatial resolution. Six hundreds 2-D images where reconstructed with the Skyscan NRecon software, which were analyzed with the aid of Imago software, developed at the Laboratory of Porous Media and Thermophysical Properties (LMPT), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil, in association with the Brazilian software company Engineering Simulation and Scientific Software (ESSS), and Petroleo Brasileiro SA (PETROBRAS) Research and Development Center (CENPES). The determined average porosity was 11.45 ± 1.53 %. Ninety five percent of the porous phase refers to pores with radius ranging from 2.9 to 85.2 μm, presenting the larger frequency (7.7 %) at 11.7 μm radius.


Nanoparticles of the conducting polymer polypyrrole in toluene sulfonic acid (PPy/TSA) were synthesized and characterized. The polymerization was process carried out in situ using ammonium persulfate (APS) as an oxidant. The particles were synthesized by varying the dopant concentration of para -toluene sulfonic acid over five sulphonic acid concentrations. The main objective of this study was to examine the effect of TSA dopant concentrations on the properties of polypyrrole nanoparticles. Understanding nature and characteristics of polypyrrole/TSA nanoparticles are important in determining whether the nanoparticles have the potential to be a component in the manufacture of fuel cells. The conducting polymer particles synthesized in this study were characterized using a particle analyzer, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), spectroscopy UV-visible (UV-vis), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and electrical conductivity measurement. XRD shows that the particles generated possessed an amorphous structure, as also indicated by SEM images revealing the formation of aggregated and granular composite particles. Furthermore, the FTIR peak between 1273 and 1283cm -1 indicated that sulfonic acids (SO 3 - ) groups were present in the structure of PPy. The size of the PPy/TSA nanoparticles was determined to be approximately 24-51 nm, and their conductivity measured to be 1.3 x 10 -1 S/cm.


Objective To analysis the causes of 379 non-variceal upper gastrointestmal bleeding,and thetherapy through the endoscopies.Methods All cases did endoscopies within 24 hours after uppergastrointestmal hernorrtiage.After definite the causes of the bleeding,we study the theiapy of these illnessthrough the endoscopies.Results The chief cause was peptic ulcer in non-variceal upper gastrointestmal bleeding(46.8%),the next one was acute hemorrhagic gastritis(15.9%).Gastric submaconsal vessel lesion,esophagusLesion,upper gastrointestmal cancer was one of the causes of upper gastrointestmal bleeding.At the mean while,we found the early to do the endoscopies,the higher positive to find the causes of non-variceal uppergastrointestmal bleeding.The different therapy of non-variceal upper gastrointestmal bleeding through theendoscopies is very efficient.Conclusions The peptic ulcer is the chief cause in non-variceal uppergastrointestmal bleeding.The upper gastrointestmal bleeding is caused by acute hemorrhagic gastritis,gastricsubrnuscosal vessel lesion,all kinds of accompany pyloristenosis,esophagus lesion may show hematensis heavily.Clinical physical must pay attention to about it.It is necessary to do endoscopies within 24 hours with the cases ofhematemesis.The different treatment should be chosen with the different causes of the non-variceal uppergastrointestmal bleeding.


Our purpose is to propose a conceptual model of the growth of knowledge in innovation policy making. We explicitly draw upon evolutionary economics to conceptualize learning as an evolutionary proc ...


Based on the hierarchical characteristics of passengers transfer behavior and the state-dependent queuing model, the D-M/G/C/C queuing network simulation model was put forward for simulating the coordination of subjective passenger behavior and objective distribution environment. Then, the generation method and algorithm of the model is elaborated. In case study, the simulation results are consistent with the actual states of passenger outbound process. So, it is a practical simulation tool for analyzing the dynamic situations of passengers use facilities. DOI:  http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/telkomnika.v11i1.1912


Objective: In this study, the attitudes of nursing students towards Covid-19 disease and the problems they experienced in the clinical learning environment during the pandemic were examined.
Material and Methods: The research was a descriptive study. The population of the research is 2nd-3rd-4th-year students (n=264) studying at the nursing school who clinical placement during the pandemic. Data was collected online at the end of the clinical placement period (August 1-30,2021) using the "Student Information Form", "Questionnaire Form for Identifying Problems in Clinical Practice" and "Multidimensional Covid-19 Scale". Number and percentage calculation, t-test and one-way analysis of variance were used in data analysis.
Results: It was determined that the students got high scores from the Multidimensional Covid-19 Scale (Mean=79.44±16.87). Mean scores were high for students who had lost their families due to COVID-19; who were worried about their patients having COVID-19; and who were directed to the care of COVID-infected patients without adequate protective equipment. The difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). The most common problems students experienced were related to fear of making mistakes and harming patients (61.7%), fear of being infected with Covid-19 (61.7%), fear that patient has Covid-19 (60.6%), and feelings of inadequacy about entering clinical practice (58.7%).
Conclusions: To prepare nursing students for emergencies related to the pandemic and manage similar future situations, nursing schools and hospitals should collaborate to develop strategies and coping mechanisms.


the development and commercialisation of a new Eco-cute model with high efficiency, compact design and applicability to cold regions. [Principal Results] ・A new performance assessment method in consideration of user convenience was developed for a new Eco-cute model (Table 1). ・A new "heat-pump performance assessment test facility" was designed, fabricated and installed and the performance assessment of the new Eco-cute model was conducted.


The definition of contaminated sites was introduced and US Superfund system was explained, with analysis of current status on contaminated sites management in China from the point of law, regulation and criteria. Control measures were also proposed for the site management, including law establishment, new technologies and tax pre-imposition.


FIELD: methods for preparing steam-gas mixtures of substances in mass concentration units, possible use for metrological provision (attestation, verification and graduation) of gas analyzers. SUBSTANCE: in the method for preparation of steam-gas mixture for calibrating gas-analyzers in mass units of concentration of the component being analyzed, comprising injection of given amount of the component being analyzed into preliminarily vacuumized hermetic vessel, mixing thereof with diluting gas and forcing resulting mixture towards the gas analyzer being calibrated, a bottle of known capacity is connected to hermetic vessel with possible isolation from it, which bottle is preliminarily vacuumized and its mass is measured, value of pressure is computed, which ensures achievement of given mass concentration of the component being analyzed at a temperature which equals environment temperature in accordance to the formula: where P n - pressure, ensuring achievement of given mass concentration of the component being analyzed, kPa; - given mass concentration of the component being analyzed, g/m; T - environment temperature, °K; M - molecular mass of the component being analyzed; K - coefficient, which includes the universal gas constant and a numeric value which leads to required dimension of pressure (K=8,3·10 -3 m 3 ·kPa/°K·grammolecule), resulting combined volume of vessel and bottle is vacuumized, component being analyzed is injected into it until achievement of computed pressure at temperature which equals temperature of environment, after that the bottle is isolated and disconnected from hermetic vessel, bottle mass is measured and effective value of mass concentration C M is derived from formula where C M - mass concentration of the substance being analyzed, g/m 3 ; M k - mass of bottle with the substance being analyzed, g; M 0 - mass of vacuumized bottle, g; V - bottle capacity, m 3 . EFFECT: increased precision of preparation of steam-gas mixture in mass units of substance concentration during calibration of gas analyzers, expanded range of concentrations of mixture components. 1 dwg


In present scenario, controller plays a very significant role in dynamical system, as it greatly affects the dynamics of the vehicle according to its influence on the achievable sources. It is mainly considered that the interaction between controller and body is one of the most important tasks of vehicle modelling. This work shows the development of a controller interaction model in multi-energy domains using bond graph approach. The main focus of the paper is modelling the spatial (3-dimensional) vehicle modelling of the complex dynamics. In this work, 3-dimensional vehicle model incorporated with 3-dimensional tire model of car has been developed through bond graph approach. The simulation of the model is being carried out on Symbols sonata software, which shows some interesting phenomenon. Further the model incorporate with Proportional Integrated (PI) controller in the suspension system of vehicle model. Afterwards, the simulation study has been performed which is compared with the previous simulation. The proportional and integral gain has been optimized numerically to further apply real vehicle application.


Memory loss in dementia is often the most disabling feature of many disorders, impairing the normal daily activities of the patients and profoundly affecting their families. Treatment of cognitive disorders like dementia and Alzheimer's disease has been challenging since no potential drug is available at present with proved efficacy. In the present study, nootropic activity of methanolic extract of roots of Asparagus adscendens Roxb.(AR) was studied in mice. Elevated plus maze and passive avoidance paradigm were employed to evaluate learning and memory. Scopolamine (0.4 mg/kg, i.p.) and diazepam (1 mg/kg, i.p.) were used to induce amnesia in mice. AR (50 and 100 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly attenuated amnesic deficits induced by scopolamine, diazepam and natural aging. Furthermore, it also reversed aging induced amnesia due to natural aging of mice. AR profoundly increased whole brain acetyl cholinesterase inhibition activity. Hence, AR might prove to be a useful memory restorative agent in the treatment of dementia seen in the elderly. The underlying mechanism of its action may be attributed to its antioxidant and acetyl cholinesterase inhibition properties.


The paper describes the possibilities of reducing energy consumption by the application of classical and modified methods of loading materials on conveyor belts for fodder mixtures transportation. Energy saving was specially influenced by the motion resistance, position of the drive unit and the attached tensioning unit.


A computerized system for handling cephalometric images, developed at the Royal Berkshire Hospital in Reading, was tested against a conventional manual tracing method and a computer-controlled digitizer. Systematic errors, calibration, and handling aspects are discussed. Results showed that the computerized system provided data which compared favourably with the same measurements carried out Conventionally using manual or digitizing methods.


We propose a novel high-efficiency no-moving-parts Laguerre–Gauss (LG) spectrometer using two variable focus lenses and a variable-sized pinhole that overcomes the limitations of the classical, projective, phase-flattening technique for measuring the LG spectrum of light beams. Simulation results show that the coupling losses are virtually zero and the only losses are ring losses, which are mode-dependent but beam-waist-independent. Hence, the detection efficiency for all modes is simultaneously the maximum possible irrespective of the beam waist of the LG modes chosen for the decomposition. The losses can also be easily pre-calibrated to remove the efficiency bias among different modes.


cDNA fragments representing the region in polypeptide 2C containing mutations in a guanidine-resistant or -dependent mutant were cloned into the wild-type background of an infectious clone. Transfection of COS-1 cells with these plasmids yielded viruses that were either completely resistant to 2.0 mM guanidine hydrochloride or dependent on this concentration of drug for growth.


Corrosion behaviors of the nickel base alloy G3 in the environment containing high contents of H2S and CO2 were investigated by simulated high temperature and high pressure corrosion test,dynamic potential scanning technique and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).The results show that the nickel base alloy G3 corroded distinctly in simulated natural gas field produced-water under the conditions of 90℃,total pressure of 32 MPa,H2S partial pressure of 3.4 MPa and CO2 partial pressure of 3.3 MPa.Corrosion scale formed on the alloy surface was made up with flake-like grains.Adding CO2 enhanced the pitting corrosion susceptibility of the alloy in the simulated natural gas field produced-water containing 50% H2S,however,pitting corrosion was suppressed when CO2 content further increased.In 50%H2S and 50%CO2 containing environment,chloride increased the pitting corrosion susceptibility,and high concentration of chloride harmed the self-repair of the passive film.The passive film was consisted of Cr2S3,Cr2O3,FeS,Fe2O3,Ni(OH)2 and MoO3 in above corrosive environment.The passive film formed on the alloy was damaged and corrosion becames more badly when the alloy was used under the condition of higher temperature and partial pressures of H2S and CO2,and higher concentration of chloride.


Digital watermarking is an effective method to resolve problems of information security and copyright protection. It has been a hot technology in the field of multimedia information security. This article proposes a watermark embedding algorithm based on Hamming code,which can improve the correction of extracted watermarks. It performs the embedding process in DCT domain in order to improve the robustness against compression. The experimental results indicate the watermarks are transparent and robust in the algorithms(the extracted watermark's NC≥0.80, the watermarked image's PSNR≥40dB under the condition that the JPEG compression ratio is about 10).


Indirect motor responses with the characteristics of the H wave were recorded from the flexor carpi radialis and the palmaris longus muscles in normal adults. A series of experiments has been performed, constituting circumstantial arguments for the monosynaptic nature of these reflex responses. The findings in pathological conditions, which corroborated this point of view, are documented briefly.


In order to provide specified reference for dividing main-functional zones in China,as well as to supply strategic guidance to implement different regional policy and plan the coordinative sustainable development as a whole in Shandong Province,this paper attempts to establish the dividing index system of main-functional zone from three aspects according to the basic thinking of the eleventh five-year plan sketch,concretely including the capacity ability of resources and environment,the developing degree and the potential of further development.Then it takes the 17 cities in Shandong Province as the fundamental spatial units and designates the concrete main-functional zones in this area by means of the State Spatial Method.Except for those natural reservations that are set up by law disseminating in special cities,the stress and optimization developing zones are mainly in the middle and east of Shandong Province,while the limit developing zones spread in the western part.


To examine the tested drugs (sodium chloride and Cephalexin), we tested the drugs in vitro against promastigote stage of parasite with multi concentrations of the drugs. The viability of the parasite was counted daily to promastigote for 5 days. Hypertonic sodium chloride solution LD 50 value against Leishmania donovani and Leishmania tropica promastigote was (0.021) and (0.04) mg/ml respectively, while Cephalexin LD 50 value against L. donovani and L. tropica promastigote was (1.4) and (2.55) mg/ml respectively. Hypertonic sodium chloride solution and Cephalexin a wide-spectrum antibiotic have effective leishmaniacidal agents against L. tropica and L. donovani promastigote in vitro.


Summary Adaptive performance is a facet of performance that reflects acquiring enhanced competencies in response to change. Micro-level researchers have assumed that adaptive performance is beneficial for task performance. Similarly, macro-level researchers have suggested that organizations need to attend to, monitor, and respond to contingencies in their environments for adaptive performance to be beneficial for firm performance. Drawing from the attention-based theory of the firm and resource theory, we suggest that perceptions of organizational politics and individual differences in conscientiousness constitute contingencies of the adaptive performance–task performance relationship. In a sample of 92 call center employees, we found that adaptive performance is positively associated with task performance but that conscientiousness and organizational politics jointly influence the adaptive performance–task performance relationship. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.