The effect of 0 2 and C 02 gas partial pressures on oxygen reduction path at Au flag electrode has been investigated in a (62+38)mol% (Li+K)C03 melt at 600-800°C. We carried out precise measurements of the Warburg coefficient of the ac impedance at the rest potential, using a Randles'-Ershler equivalent circuit. Taking into account three possible diffusing species, i.e., 0 2 , 0 22 and C 02, a graphical reaction order analysis was made, using the Warburg coefficients. Only the case of mixed diffusion of 0 2~ and C 02 was found to result in a satisfactory linear relationship. Therefore, we conclude that simultaneous diffusion of 0 2 and C 02 is the dominant feature of the oxygen reduction process in bulk (Li+K)C03 melt.


Porous silicon is actively used in the fabrication of sensors and detectors because of its large specific surface area, which is an important characteristic for gas adsorption. To improve the operating parameters of the sensors and increase the stability of operation, a film of tin oxide was deposited on the substrate of porous silicon by vacuum-thermal evaporation. The choice of tin is due to its wide forbidden zone, low cost, and high sensitivity. Porous silicon was obtained by the electrochemical anodization of single-crystalline silicon KEF (100). The data on morphology, composition and optical properties of the initial sample of porous silicon and the sample with deposited tin have been obtained by scanning electron microscopy, infrared and photoluminescence spectroscopy. It was found that the chemical tin deposition on porous silicon leads to the formation of composite structure, which significantly prevents further oxidation of the porous layer during storage, and to the shift of the luminescence band maximum


The objective of this research was to describe performance of farmers as member of KAN Jabung. The research materials were 94 farmers in several milk collection stations located in Sidomulyo (n=29 farmers), Slamparejo (n=30 farmers) and Kemiri (n=35 farmers). The data was collected by observation, interview guided by a questionnaire. The result showed that generally farmers had fairly good performance (score=2) on implementing feeding procedures, good performance (score=3) on applying sanitation procedures and fairly good performance (score=2) on implementing milking and post milking procedures. Keywords: dairy farmer, milking practices, cooperative


This paper presents a parametric study of the electric motor based on model order reduction (MOR). To include the effect of the parameter into the reduced model, multipolar moment matching method is used. Firstly, the high dimensional model is parameterized using the multipolar moment matching method based on Taylor series expansion and then proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) based MOR is applied to the parameterized model. The reduced model is compared with the high dimension finite element method (FEM) model of a surface mounted permanent magnet motor (SPMSM). Results prove the ability of the reduced model to provide a good approximation of the high dimensional model under the parameter variation with reduced computational cost.


Abstract This is the protocol for an evidence and gap map. The objectives are as follows: To map available randomized control trials, economic evaluations, and systematic reviews that assess the effectiveness and cost‐effectiveness of non‐pharmacological interventions for older people with a diagnosis of depression and identify any existing gaps in the evidence that can inform future research.


Maintaining employee safety and satisfaction can result in increased sales, lower costs, and a stronger bottom line. Employees often support the company's mission and work hard to help it achieve its goals when they believe the company has its best interest at heart. Hence, the study aims to examine the role of employee satisfaction between HR practices and organizational performance. A quantitative research methodology and a deductive research approach are used to assess the relationship between variables. HR practices, such as selection, training, compensation, performance evaluation, and employee engagement, were used as independent variables, and their effect on organizational performance, the dependent variable, was measured, with employee satisfaction as a mediating variable. The primary data was obtained from Pakistani bank employees using a 5-point Likert scale questionnaire, and the data was analyzed using smart PLS. According to the results of this study, HR practices are found to be substantially and positively linked to organizational success. In the present study organizational performance and employee satisfaction and have been assessed as unidirectional measures in the context of the impact of HR practices on the performance of the banking industry. In the future, the addition of secondary data will add value to the findings of the present study. The study's findings would also act as effective guidance for other organizations in terms of the value of HR practices that result in profit maximization. Keywords: HR Practices, Banking Industry, Employee Job Satisfaction, and Organizational Performance.


A liquid cooling plate structure with multiple channels is proposed for
 linear synchronous motor in this paper. Firstly, a conjugate heat
 dissipation model is established, and coupling analysis with fluid and
 temperature fields is performed by finite volume method with different
 channel numbers and section shapes. The simulation results show that, the
 cooling capacity of proposed cooling plate is observably improved,
 especially for 6-channels cooling plate with elliptical section. Afterwards,
 adopting boundary optimization by quadratic approximation algorithm, the
 section dimensions of 6-channels plate with elliptical section are further
 optimized to realize a trade-off with heat transfer coefficient and pump
 power. The optimized scheme can improve heat transfer coefficient by 33.03%
 and reduce the pressure drop by 85.37% compared with original scheme.


Abstract : This report presents a graphical display of the generalized Ohm's law which is assumed to describe the local electrical characteristics of magnetohydrodynamic accelerators and generators. Sheath voltage drops and ion slip are included, but viscous effects are excluded. A performance map is presented in terms of dimensionless electrical quantities. The features of the continuous electrode, segmented Faraday, segmented diagonal conducting wall, and segmented Hall accelerators and generators are represented on the same performance map for purposes of comparison. The operating equations pertinent to each of the special devices are also derived and expressed in terms of the dimensionless quantities. It is shown how this map may be used in evaluating MHD channel performance and how it materially aids in channel design and in selecting the most desirable kind of device for a given set of specifications.


The problems on cutter-shaft backstroking in dicer cutter were analyzed. The reason could be imputed to low accuracy of template and cutter's installation, the coarseness on template, and the changes of feed's property. The key sake was found that the push from material against cutter shaft back forwards was greater than that from cutter shaft against template forwards . The problem was solved by improvement of installation accuracy, adjustment of cutter's rotate speed and cylinder's backpressure, and strict control to technical requirements.


This article takes the practical inquiry model as an approach to designing a course on social movements that combines self-directed investigation and group discussion as an avenue for deep learning. For the purpose of developing a case study, a guided approach is provided that allows the students to explore theory on their own and make connections to the case material they discover online. In the process of developing the case study, students are required to journal about their experience and what they discover as they comb through their selected sites. The data can include several elements (e.g., blogs, chat rooms, Facebook, twitter, publications, photos, links to other groups, history, etc.).


Coulthard proposes that 0.18% saline should be the maintenance fluid of choice in children and that an intravenous fluid with a sodium composition of 0.45% saline or higher will lead to more cases of hypernatraemia. His arguments are based primarily on two false premises: (i) that the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) is extremely rare and (ii) that renal concentrating defects are common. In 2003, we proposed the use of 0.9% saline as a maintenance parenteral fluid for the prevention of hospital-acquired hyponatraemia, as hypotonic fluids were associated with numerous cases of death and neurological injury from hyponatraemic encephalopathy in children. Hospitalised children have multiple non-osmotic stimuli for arginine vasopressin (AVP) production that put them at risk for hyponatraemia, such as nausea, vomiting, pain, stress, pulmonary disorders, CNS disorders, malignancies, narcotics, NSAIDS, dehydration, hypotension, sepsis, adrenal insufficiency and hypoalbuminaemia. These children are all at risk for hospital-acquired hyponatraemia and would benefit from 0.9% saline. Dr Coulthard's criteria for the diagnosis of SIADH, a urine osmolality .600 mOsm/kg and FeNa .3%, are incorrect. The definition of SIADH, as originally put forth by Bartter and Schwartz, is that in the absence of a haemodyamic stimulus for AVP production, renal disease or endocrine disorder, the urine is less than maximally dilute (.100 mOsm/ kg) and urinary sodium excretion increases in response to fluid volume or sodium intake. Under most circumstances patients with SIADH have a urine osmolality ,600 mOsm/kg. SIADH is one of the most common causes of hospital-acquired hyponatraemia and has been associated with almost every disease state. Dr Coulthard's concern that 0.45% saline should be avoided for fear of the child developing hypernatraemia is unfounded. Severe renal concentrating defects are extremely rare. Congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus has an estimated prevalence of only 1 in 250 000 males. Most of these children will present with hypernatraemia. Patients with renal disease do have partial renal concentrating defects, but it would be unusual, if not unheard of, for a child with normal renal function to be hyposthenuric (unable to concentrate the urine to an osmolality similar to plasma). An otherwise healthy child will not develop hypernatraemia from the use of 0.9% saline as the kidney will excrete a hypertonic urine and generate free water. We have previously demonstrated that the majority of otherwise healthy ambulatory children excrete a hypertonic urine on a regular basis. On the other hand, virtually every hospitalised child has a potential stimulus for AVP production, and the risk of developing hyponatraemia from the administration 0.18% saline is real. Two recent prospective studies have revealed that hypotonic fluids result in a fall in serum sodium, while isotonic fluids do not produce hypernatraemia. 6 Coulthard himself has reported that 0.18% saline and near isotonic Hartman's solution do produce a fall in serum sodium post-operatively and do not produce hypernatraemia. There can be no justification for the routine administration of 0.18% saline, and there is neither a physiological basis nor empirical evidence to support the idea that isotonic fluids will produce hypernatraemia.


A zoogeographical analysis of the Miocene land snail fauna of Poland was carried out on the basis of the author's field investigations, collections, as well as literature data. Until now about a hundred species are known from ten localities. The distribution pattern of the genus Gastrocopta and a hypothesis on its origin are discussed.


Children with terminal cancer and their families describe a preference for home‐based end‐of‐life care. Inadequate support outside of the hospital is a limiting factor in home location feasibility, particularly in rural regions lacking pediatric‐trained hospice providers.


The invention relates to a thing-connected bus system, which belongs to the technical field of power transmission and distribution and comprises a bus start end, wherein the bus start side is connected with a user side through insert boxes on a bus main line and a bus branch line. The bus main line and the bus branch line are respectively formed by electrically connecting adjacent bus bodies through connectors and fixedly installed through an installation part. The bus branch line is electrically connected with the bus main line through a plug connector. Corresponding sensors are arranged at positions needing monitoring of the bus start side, the bus bodies, the connectors, the insert boxes and the installation part. The sensors are connected with corresponding ports of a thing-connected adaptor through signal lines, and a communication port of the thing-connected adaptor is in communication connection with a network server serving as a thing-connected manager. After adopting the thing-connected bus system, real-time monitoring, control and fault diagnosis on parameters in operation of the bus system, such as voltage, current, temperature, clamping force and load, can be achieved very conveniently through the internet by aid of user computers or handheld communication devices, and bus operation difficulty and work intensity of maintenance staff are greatly reduced.


Brillouin/erbium fiber lasers, which have recently been demonstrated, operate with a combination of Brillouin gain and gain in erbium-doped fiber. In this letter, we describe techniques for cascading the Brillouin/erbium fiber laser to generate optical combs, and experimentally demonstrate optical comb generation. Internal and external cascading techniques are demonstrated. The line spacing in the combs is approximately 10 GHz, with operation in the 1550-nm region.


The hardness variation of Cr12MoV steel under different quenching and tempering temperaˉture was studied,while its metallographic structure in different heat treatment was analyzed as well.


In 1905, Henry Nevinson, at the time a well-known British journalist, visited Angola. He discovered that the slave trade was still going on in secret in that region, many years after it had officially been abolished. Deep inside Southern Africa slaves were caught; they were forced to walk hundreds of miles to the coast until they arrived at Katumbella, where "the slaves were rested, sorted out, dressed, and then taken on over the fifteen miles to Benguela, usually disguised as ordinary carriers." In Benguela's main street, there is a government office where the official representative of the "Central Committee of Labor and Emigration for the Islands" (having its headquarters in Lisbon) sits in state, and under due forms of law receives the natives, who enter one door as slaves and go out of another as serviçaes. Everything is correct. The native, who has usually been torn from his home far in the interior, perhaps as much as eight hundred miles away, and already sold twice, is asked by an interpreter if it is his wish to go to [the island of] San Thomé, or to undertake some other form of service to a new master. Of course he answers, "Yes." It is quite unnecessary to suppose, as most people suppose, that the interpreter always asks such questions as, "Do you like to fish?" or "Will you have a drink?" though one of the best scholars in the languages of the interior has himself heard those questions asked at an official inspection of serviçaes on board ship. It would be unnecessary for the interpreter to invent such questions. If he asked, "Is it your wish to go to hell? " the serviçal would say "yes" just the same. In fact, throughout this part of Africa the name of San Thomé is becoming identical with hell, and when a man has been brought hundreds of miles from his home by an unknown road and through long tracts of "hungry country"—when he also knows that if he did get back he would probably be sold again or killed —what else can he answer but "yes"? Under similar circumstances the Archbishop of Canterbury would answer the same. The serviçal says "yes," and so sanctions the contract for his labor. The decencies of law and order are respected.


Fragment-based drug discovery (FBDD), while still a relatively new approach, has been so successful for identifying ligands for proteintargetsthatitisalreadywidelyregardedasrepresentinga sea-change in drug discovery techniques. The strategy involves identifying small (typically ,300Da), low-affinity ligands ('fragments') and combining or expanding these to produce larger, higher-affinity ligands. The major advantage of FBDD over more traditional high-throughput screening is that FBDD providesamorerapidandeffectivemeansofidentifyingligands for a protein target. Because there are fewer possible fragmentsized molecules than lead- or drug-sized molecules, FBDD samples chemical space far more efficiently than traditional approaches and therefore requires far fewer compounds to be testedtoidentifysuitablehitsasstartingpointsfordevelopment. Furthermore, fragment-based screeningtypicallyprovidesmore 'developable' compounds than traditional drug discovery approaches,whichoptimiseamedium-tohigh-affinityhit.Most importantly, fragment methods produce lead candidates with physicochemical properties (described by Lipinski's 'rule of five') that are likely to result in orally bioavailable compounds. FBDD also has the capability of developing inhibitors of protein–protein interactions (PPIs), about which the pharmaceutical industry has had major reservations in the past as drug targets; that skepticism, however, is gradually being eroded as blockers of such interactions progress to the clinic. Indeed, the recent approval of vemurafenib, a B-Raf(V600E) inhibitordevelopedbyPlexxikonforlate-stagemelanoma,validates


We generalize a previous result concerning free martingale polynomials for the stationary free Jacobi process of parameters $\lambda \in ]0.1], \theta = 1/2$. Hopelessly, apart from the case $\lambda = 1$, the polynomials we derive are no longer orthogonal with respect to the spectral measure. As a matter of fact, we use the multiplicative renormalization to write down the corresponding orthogonality measure.


Automated cortical thickness (CT) measurements are often used to assess gray matter changes in the healthy and diseased human brain. The FreeSurfer software is frequently applied for this type of analysis. The computational anatomy toolbox (CAT12) for SPM, which offers a fast and easy‐to‐use alternative approach, was recently made available.


1. Experimental details 1.1 Materials. N-Isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm, 97% Sigma) was purified by re-crystallization from the mixture of hexane and benzene (1:4 v/v) and dried in vacuum. Chitosan (CS, low molecular weight, deacetylated chitin degree), pyrrole, N,N'-Methylenebis(acrylamide) (MBA) and iron(III) chloride hexahydrate were all purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Chemical Co., Ltd., USA. Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and potassium persulfate (KPS) were obtained from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., China. Doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) was supplied by Huafeng United Technology Co., Ltd., China. All other reagents were used as received without further purification. Ultrapure water was obtained from a Milli-Q system (Health Force Bio-meditech Holdings Ltd.). 1.2 Cell Experiments Cell culture. The human hela cells were originally obtained from Type Culture Collection of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China. Hela cells were grown in RMPI 1640 culture medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum, 100 units/mL


Technological developments have increased rapidly in recent years in various fields. In the field of agriculture, in particular, the use of mobile learning is still fairly rare for the dissemination of knowledge. Lack of information, interest, material conformity, interactivity, and awareness in using mobile learning becomes an issue in the field. Therefore, this research focuses on developing mobile learning system to increase enthusiasm, interest, and awareness of farmers by using instructional design, ADDIE (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) and persuasive system design. Based on the experimental results with the Technology Acceptance Model that represent farmers reaction in cognitive, affective and psychomotor aspects, it has been confirmed that from the use of twenty-four hypothetical variables that have been made, the seventeen hypothesis variables are positive. Predictions show that, with 95% confidence level, seventeen hypothesis variables support behavioral intention variable. Descriptive statistics shows that 70.4% of farmers agree to continue using mobile learning.


Early involvement of the construction team is increasingly utilized in challenging projects to incorporate versatile expertise in their planning. For public owners this is a challenge since they are obliged to use competitive, transparent team selection based ensures that both price and quality viewpoints are taken into account. In the case of early involvement, the price component naturally does not include the total price, but may consist only of the fees of competing service providers. This study examines such a selection situation and seeks to find a way to integrate the fee component in a multi-criteria selection system and determine reasonable fees for different levels of capabilities. The study builds on the productivity difference between different competences, derived from a survey of practitioners, and determines an indifference curve arithmetically for the planning of a


A series of novel thiazolidinone-isatin hybrids have been synthesized through the Knoevenagel reaction of isatin derivatives with synthesized thiazolidinone scaffolds and then evaluated for their in vitro antibacterial effects on Escherichia coli (E.coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus). Cytotoxic effects of the compounds on non-small-cell lung cancer cells (A549 cells), breast epithelial cancer cell line (MCF-7), and prostate cancer cells (PC3 cells) were investigated. Among compounds tested for antibacterial activity, S. aureus was susceptible to compound 7d. The most potent compounds against A549, MCF-7, and PC3 tumor cells were found to be 7g. DAPI staining of all cancer cell lines treated with compound 7g, associated with cell death. We finally confirmed that apoptosis occurred in A549 cells by up-regulated Bax expression and down-regulated Bcl-2 expression from the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis by using the quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) method. Our findings suggested that compound 7g may be a good target in designing cancer therapy strategies.


At the outset, this thesis sets out to address limitations in conventional population data for the representation of stocks and flows of human populations. Until now, many of the data available for studying population behaviour have been static in nature, often collected on an infrequent basis or in an inconsistent manner. However, rapid expansion in the use of online technologies has led to the generation of a huge volume of data as a byproduct of individuals' online activities. This thesis sets out to exploit just one of these new data channels: raw geographically referenced messages collected by the Twitter Online Social Network. The thesis develops a framework for the creation of functional population inventories from Twitter. Through the application of various data mining and heuristic techniques, individual Twitter users are attributed with key demographic markers including age, gender, ethnicity and place of residence. However, while these inventories possess the required data structure for analysis, little is understood about whom they represent and for what purposes they may be reliably employed. Thus a primary focus of this thesis is the assessment of Twitter-based population inventories at a range of spatial scales from the local to the global. More specifically, the assessment considers issues of age, gender, ethnicity, geographic distribution and surname composition. The value of such rich data is demonstrated in the final chapter in which a detailed analysis of the stocks and flows of peoples within the four largest London airports is undertaken. The analysis demonstrates both the extraction of conventional insight, such as passenger statistics and new insights such as footfall and sentiment. The thesis concludes with recommendations for the ways in which social media analysis may be used in demographics to supplement the analysis of populations using conventional sources of data.


Polissyan lowland is a part of the natural landscape
zones of Great European lowlands stretching from the
Thames through the Oder and Vistula basins to the Pripyat
and Desna rivers. It was decisive factor for ethno -
cultural processes of North Western Ukraine, including
Kyivan Polissya, starting from the late glacial period.
For the last 12 millenia the Prypyat Polissya (including
the north of Kyiv region) have been developed under the
strong influence of migration flows from the west of the
Baltic region and Central Europe. Archaeologists have
studied not less than 15 migration flows, that went for the last 12 millenia from west to Polissya, Volhynia and
Subcarpathia. Nearly all archaeological cultures of the
Prypyat basin, starting from the Final Paleolithic till
the Middle Ages included, were of the western origin or
connected genetically with the western neighbors. On
that basis the current north western or Baltic cultural -
historical province of Ukraine (Polissya, Volhynia and
Subcarpathia) during primitive and early historical periods
in whole was being developed under strong western
influence.
There were two waves of the reindeer hunters, the
carriers of Hamburg and Lyngby cultures, which
came from the Western Baltic to Polissya in the late
glacial era. According to the Lyngby tradition, 11 millenia
ago Krasnosillya and Swider cultures of the
reindeer hunters in the Upper Vistula and Pripyat
were formed. The fast warming 10 millenia ago made
the Swider people migrate to the north of East Europe,
following reindeer. That territory they occupied
during the 8th millennium BC. The descendants of
Polissyan migrants took part later in Finno Ugric
peoples' forming in Eastern European taiga zone. Forest hunters of Kudlaivka (8th—7th mill. BC) and
later Yanislavitsa (6th-5th mill. BC) cultures replaiced
Swider reindeer hunters in the Early Mesolithic. Kyivan
Polissya neolithization began in the 2nd half of the 6th millennium
BC with the coming of the Bug-Dniester Neolithic
culture carriers from the Southern Bug basin with
their Kukrek-type flint and Samchensky-type ceramics.
Such objects are Lazarivka-type sites of Kyivan region.
The Dnipro-Donets Neolithic culture with its comb
ornament ceramic resulted from the newcamers' with
Yanislavitsa locals' cultural tradition synthesis in the
early 5th mill. BC in Kyivan Dnieper region.


. Protecting the population and property against floods is one of the Moroccan National Water Plan priorities. Indeed, based on the National Flood Protection Plan established in 2002 and updated in 2017, 1,032 vulnerable sites were identified with different risk levels: low, medium and high. In the North West part of Morocco, the Gharb plain has experienced many flood events, the most devastating is the one occurred on 1970 and has caused many causalities. The floods affect negatively the irrigation network of the Gharb plain and hamper the optimal water resources management in the Sebou basin. Al Wahda Dam was built in 1996, with a total capacity of 3.7 billion of cubic meter, and an objective of ensuring both the irrigation and the protection of the Gharb plain against flooding. Since that, the dam contributed effectively on the protection of the downstream region. However, with increasing extreme events frequency the region has experienced significant floods (2009 and 2010). The scope of this paper is to examine the opportunity of constructing large dams upstream Al Wahda dam to ensure an effective flood risk management by increasing the capacity of the dams to handle extreme floods. The hydraulic simulations were carried out with the decision support system for integrated water resource planning and management RIBASIM. The results showed that the increase in the storage capacity upstream of Al Wahda, will not be sufficient on its own for the protection of the Gharb plain against flooding, but we must think of other actions to be implemented downstream of the Sebou river.


There is disclosed a method of preparing a photovoltaic device. In particular, the method comprises integrating epitaxial lift-off solar cells with mini-parabolic concentrator arrays via a printing method. Thus, there is disclosed a method comprising providing a growth substrate; depositing at least one protection layer on the growth substrate; depositing at least one sacrificial layer on the protection layer; depositing at least one photoactive cell on the sacrificial layer; etching a pattern of at least two parallel trenches that extend from the at least one photoactive cell to the sacrificial layer; depositing a metal on the at least one photoactive cell; bonding said metal to a host substrate; and removing the sacrificial layer with one or more etch steps. The host substrate can be a siloxane, which when rolled, can form a stamp used to integrate solar cells into concentrator arrays. There are also disclosed a method of making a growth substrate and the growth substrate made therefrom.


This invention relates to a method for manufacturing coffee creamer using whole bean curd, more specifically to a method for manufacturing coffee creamer by mixing soybean oil from whole bean curd paste, coffee powder, oligosaccharide, sucralose, sugar ester and purified water. The method for manufacturing coffee creamer containing whole bean curd paste according to the present invention comprises (a) mixing purified water and sugar esters in a homogeniser. The homogeniser is heated to melt and homogenise the mixed materials. Using vacuum, a deforming device then removes bubbles, producing a creamy emulsified solution. (b) The emulsified solution produced in step (a) together with instant coffee powder- manufactured through lyophilisation or spray drying-, whole soybean curd paste, sugar and purified water is mixed in a mixer which is heated to melt and homogenise the mixed materials at a pH of above 4.7. Using vacuum, the deforming device then removes bubbles from the melted and homogenised mixture. (c) The mixture produced in step (b) is sterilised through HTST and UHT.


The present study was carried out during March 2012 to evaluate morphological and anatomical characteristics of some selected plants. Investigations were made on Taxonomical classification of eight prevalent species found in the fields of District Bannu. These plants were Abutilon indicum (L.) Sweet., Chenopodium polyspermum L., Citrullus colocynthesis L., Dichanthium annulatum Stapf., Eclipta alba (L.) Hassk. Euphorbia oblongata L., Heliotropium europium L., Oxalis corniculata L., and Parthenium hysterophorus L. Proper identification and taxonomic classification was made through the transactions of the roots and stems along with photomicrograph of the species.


Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) molecules of the outer membrane (OM) of Escherichia coli 8 were damaged by freezing and thawing as evidenced by lysozyme lysis of cells frozen in water and their inability to adsorb LPS-specific phages. Permeating cryoprotectants, i.e., glycerol and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), protected this damage effectively, as the frozen cells were resistant against lysis by lysozyme and were able to adsorb phages. In contrast, non-permeating cryoprotectants, i.e., polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and dextran, protected LPS molecules so that frozen cells were resistant against the lytic effect of lysozyme but were not able to adsorb specific phages effectively. Although all four cryoprotectants protected cells against viability loss due to freezing, survival was much higher with glycerol and DMSO than with PVP and dextran. The non-permeating cryoprotectants likely formed a physical barrier around the cell surface, whereas the permeating cryoprotectants did not form such a barrier. Cryoprotectants are used for cryopreservation of living cells. The mechanisms by which they counteract the damaging effects of freezing on cells are not well understood. Studies with glycerol, dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and other permeating types originally lead scientists to believe that to be a cryoprotectant, a compound has to permeate inside cells (7,13). However, this view failed to explain how non-permeating compounds, such as polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), dextran and others, act as cryoprotectants (5,13), It is unlikely that these two groups, one being present inside and other being present outside of cells, effectively protect the same cellular structures against freezedamage. An alternate view, that all cryoprotectants are able to provide protection by their presence outside the cells, has been advocated (11,12). The controversy about the site and mechanism of action of cryoprotectants on cells has resulted partially because of our lack of proper understanding about the nature and site(s) of freeze-damage of living cells and the cause(s) of viability loss of frozen cells. Unless these are properly understood, development of a rational and successful cryopreservation method for different types of living cells will be difficult to achieve. Recent studies on bacterial freeze-injury have revealed that freezing causes damage not only to the cytoplasmic membrane but also to different functional and structural macromolecules located on the surface and inside of cells (1,9,14,16). Viability loss due to freezing is not due to damage only of the cytoplasmic membrane, but probably is due to cumulative effects of the damages to different structural and functional macromolecules of cells (14,16). Studies on how different cryoprotectants protect these macromolocules against freezing damage will enable us to understand the sites and mechanisms of action of cryoprotectants. In Escherichia coli, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) molecules of outer membrane (OM) are damaged by freezing (4,1417). The LPS molecules are arranged on the cell surface in a specific three-dimensional configuration and act as a barrier against passage of many surface active compounds, hydrolytic enzymes and antibiotics from entering cells from the environment (2,8). LPS molecules also have specific adsorption sites for many coliphages (2,6,8). As a result of freeze-damage, LPS molecules in E. coli undergo conformational alternation and lose their barrier function as well as their ability to adsorb specific phages (4,14-16). The purpose of this study was to determine the relative effectiveness of permeating and non-permeating cryoprotectants in protecting freeze-damage of LPS molecules on the cell surface of E. coli. Two LPS probes, i.e" the resistance of cells to the lytic effect of lysozyme and the adsorption efficiency of specific phages, were used to measure freeze-damage and cryoprotection of these surface structures. MATERIALS ASD METHODS Bacteria, phages and chemicals Escherichia coli B and phages T4, T7 and d>W were used. E. coli B JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION. VOL. 46, OCTOBER 1983 D ow naded rom hp://m eridianenpress.com /jfp/article-pdf/46/10256/0362-028x-46_10_864.pdf by gest on 28 Feruary 2020 CRYOPROTECTANTSPROTECTE.COU 865 and phages T4 and T7 were furnished by Dr. K. Iida (Kyushu University, Japan) and phage <\>W was obtained from Dr. H. G. Boman (University of Vmea, Sweden). Glycerol and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) were laboratory grade. Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP; M.W. 360,000), dextran (M.W. 250,000) and lysozyme (egg white, 40,000 units/mg) were from Sigma Chemical Co. (St. Louis, MO). Growth and freezing of cells E. coli B, grown overnight at 37"C in trypticase soy broth (TSB; Baltimore BioI. Lab.), was inoculated (1:10 ratio) in fresh TSB and incubated at 37"C for 3 to 4 h in a shaker incubator. The cells were harvested by centrifugation (5,000 rpm for 10 min, room temperature), washed and resuspended in sterile distilled water to a volume such that a I: 10 dilution would have an optical density (00) at 420 nm of 0.8 (Spectronic-70) and a microscopic count of 2 to 3 X lOR cells/ml. In most studies, I ml of the above cell suspension was either added to 9 ml of sterile water or 9 ml of an aqueous solution of one of the four cryoprotectants (10% wtlvol) in test tubes. The contents were mixed and kept at room temperature for 10 to 15 min to allow the cryoprotectants to equilibrate in and outside of the cells. These served as unfrozen cells. For frozen cells, the contents were frozen by immersing the tubes either in dry ice-acetone (-78°C) for 10 min (fast freezing rate of about lOO°Clmin) or in ethylene glycol in a freezer cabinet (-20°C) for 24 h (slow freezing rate of about IOCImin) and thawing slowly (rate 3 to 4°Clmin).


Background: Octreotide has been used to control bleeding episodes with variceal origin in the pediatric population. To date, there is no clear evidence of octreotide use for non-variceal bleeding in clinical trials. Objectives: We aimed to assess the octreotide efficacy as an add-on therapy to the conventional regimen of proton pump inhibitors for controlling upper non-variceal gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding in the pediatric population. Methods: This prospective randomized controlled clinical trial was performed on pediatric patients aged 1 - 15 years and diagnosed with acute non-variceal upper GI bleeding. The participants were allocated to receive octreotide or placebo and pantoprazole concomitantly. The study was conducted in Mofid Children's Hospital, Tehran, Iran, during February 2019 - December 2019. Patients with hepatic failure, liver stigma, and coagulopathy due to thrombocytopenia were excluded. Demographic, clinical, and preclinical data were recorded in prepared sheets. All the patients were followed until therapy discontinuation. P-value < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Forty-three patients with a mean age of 4.98 ± 3.79 years and confirmed non-variceal upper GI bleeding were included in the present study. Most patients had no specific etiology for their bleeding episodes. Patients in the intervention and control groups received pantoprazole in comparable doses. No differences were observed between the two groups in terms of baseline hemoglobin values (P = 0.08), while final hemoglobin values were significantly higher in the intervention group (P = 0.014). The bleeding duration was not significantly different between the two groups (P = 0.99). Moreover, none of the cases showed adverse drug reactions due to octreotide infusion. Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that octreotide did not alter bleeding duration or need for blood transfusion. However, positive results were observed for hemoglobin, affecting blood loss volume.


Previous studies have shown that the action of bacterial or synthetic oligodeoxynucleotide (oligo-DNA) on mouse NK cells to produce IFN-γ is mediated mostly by monocytes/macrophages activated by olig-DNA. However, its action on human IFN-γ-producing cells has not been well investigated. In the present study, we examined the effect of oligo-DNAs on highly purified human NK and T cells. Bacillus Calmette-Guérin-derived or synthetic oligo-DNAs induced NK cells to produce IFN-γ with an increased CD69 expression, and the autocrine IFN-γ enhanced their cytotoxicity. The response of NK cells to oligo-DNAs was enhanced when the cells were activated with IL-2, IL-12, or anti-CD16 Ab. T cells did not produce IFN-γ in response to oligo-DNAs but did respond independently of IL-2 when they were stimulated with anti-CD3 Ab. In the action of oligo-DNAs, the palindrome sequence containing unmethylated 5′-CpG-3′ motif(s) appeared to play an important role in the IFN-γ-producing ability of NK cells. The changes of base composition inside or outside the palindrome sequence altered its activity: The homooligo-G-flanked GACGATCGTC was the most potent IFN-γ inducer for NK cells. The CG palindrome was also important for activated NK and T cells in their IFN-γ production, although certain nonpalindromes acted on them. Among the sequences tested, cell activation- or cell lineage-specific sequences were likely; i.e., palindrome ACCGGT and nonpalindrome AACGAT were favored by activated NK cells but not by unactivated NK cells or activated T cells. These results indicate that oligo-DNAs containing CG palindrome act directly on human NK cells and activated T cells to induce IFN-γ production.


Flow control in Network on Chip (NoC) is critical because unbalanced transmission process and congestion in nodes can affect on-chip performance: communication latency, throughput and heat accumulation. To achieve the goal to balance on-chip communication load, we present a distributed routing scheme named RIPNoC (Router Information Piggybacking Routing Scheme for NoC). This routing scheme provides an adaptive routing algorithm by collecting congestion conditions of on-site node and area around it. The scheme allows neighboring nodes sharing congestion and failure information with each other in a fully distributed manner. No extra global centralized control unit is needed on chip. Experiment shows that, comparing with Static XY scheme and DyXY, our routing scheme provides a full range optimization under high and low load pressure.


Preface vii Acknowledgments ix 1 The Mad Scientist 1 2 The Arrogant Chef 11 3 Simple Tastes 21 4 Complex Flavors 30 5 The Discriminating Eater 40 6 The Persistent Cook 44 7 Gluttony 54 8 Vanity, Sloth, Parsimony, and Lust 62 9 On the Edge, and Over 70 10 Thinking Globally 79 11 Eating Locally 87 12 The Humble Cook 92 13 The Clueless Geek 99 14 Elegant Dishes 103 15 Food for the Masses 110 16 Good Food for the Masses 111 17 Just for Fun 112 18 Just to Be Weird 117 19 Celebrity Chefs 124 20 Economy 128 21 Ethics 135 22 Fusion 138 23 It All Comes Together 149 24 It All Falls Apart 151 25 A Proof and a Pudding 161 Index 163


While much has been written on best practices in online education, the majority of advice focuses on asynchronous delivery. With the relatively recent advent of effective synchronous delivery systems such as Adobe Connect © and Elluminate © over the past five years, a number of secondary and higher level institutions are offering virtual courses. While some of the techniques used in asynchronous courses work well in virtual classrooms, it is argued a new set of strategies for synchronous delivery is needed. The purpose of this presentation will be to provide a set of strategies to support effective teaching and learning in virtual classrooms. These strategies are based on research, feedback from students, and practical experience. Six key areas will be discussed including (a) addressing technical challenges, (b) starting a class, (c) organizing a class, (d) providing effective support materials and tools, (e) creating engaging learning activities, and (f) collecting and offering meaningful evaluation. Both novice and experienced teachers of online education will leave with a set of strategies that will help them conduct stimulating and effective virtual classrooms. Overview The strategies I am proposing are partially based on a review of the limited resources available on conducting effective virtual learning (see Clark & Kwinn, 2007; Conrad & Donaldson, 2004; Shank, 2007). The power of the strategies, though, comes from actually teaching in a virtual environment and getting regular feedback from students. Without this feedback, I can assume, but never really know whether a class or strategy was effective. Strategies Used in Virtual Classrooms Addressing Technical Challenges While it is convenient for an instructor to assume that students have read and will meet all the technological requirements to participate in a synchronous online learning environment, I have found that it is helpful and necessary to check these assumptions. Above all, you need to explain to students that not having the right equipment will make learning difficult for them and the rest of the class. Here are some checks that I have students do: 1. Go to a website to check Internet speed (e.g., Speed Test at http://www.speedtest.net/) Ask students to make sure the "download speed" is 5 Mb per second or more. Slower speeds markedly affect the quality of sound and video that can be used. 2. Never use a wireless connection From my experience wireless connections are not adequate to participate in a synchronous Student have poor audio and have to log out and log in to the course repeatedly. 3. Use the automatic sound check every time you log on Log into the course 5 minutes early and use the automatic sound check to make sure everything is working well. 4. Close all other programs when you are in the course Having multiple programs running can reduce performance in the actually course, especially if the Internet download speed is slower than 5Mps. 5. Use a head set that has an attached microphone with a USB connection do not use speakers as everyone else will hear a very annoying echo. 6. Check sound by greeting students It is helpful to check the sound of students by greeting them when they sign in. This simple check can save them (and their peers) much grief when they move into breakout sessions. Starting at Class It is important to set the tone of the class right from the start. If you are fumbling around trying to load "stuff" or appear to be disorganized or unfocussed, this can rub off on the students. I have found the following strategies helpful for starting the class in a positive and focused direction. 1. Post a list of tasks that the students need to have completed before class For example, they may need to have a certain websites loaded, download an organizer or template, or email in some homework. Having these tasks displayed helps everyone be prepared when the class begins (100% student approval rating). 2. Review learning goals for the class I like to start with the learning goals I am trying to achieve in the class so that students know exactly what is expected. I only spend a few minutes, but it seems to centre the class (87% student approval rating). 3. Asking the class a "get to know you" question (e.g., your favourite hobbies, your passions in life). I use the polling questions or chat tool to ask a few personal questions, particularly during the first 3-4 weeks. My goal is to relax students and help build community in a small way (73% student approval rating). 4. Polling questions where the class votes on a specific issue Before we begin discussing an issue, I often poll students (anonymously) to get them thinking about a topic and let them view the wide variety of opinions that might exist about more controversial topics (93% student approval rating). Organizing a Class Running a synchronous online course can be a daunting task, particularly with the range of tools available. Trying to load files during class or set up learning tools for students to use can take considerable time, even if you know how to use the course software well. I spend at least 45-60 minutes setting up my course before it starts so that everything is ready and I don't lose momentum during the class. I also have some suggestions about whether to use cameras, static pictures, or just audio in an online session. 1. Using organized layouts I like to have organized sections or layouts (in Adobe Connect) where I conduct specific activities like polling, discussions, chat sessions, and breakout group directions. It helps the class run smoothly and saves time when these areas are prepared ahead of time (100% student approval rating). 2. Being in a different group each class I use pre-assigned groups for each class for two reasons. One, it prevents valuable class time being wasted on students trying to figure out who they should work with. Two, students get to work with a variety of other students each week to gain different perspectives (100% student approval rating). 3. Do not use the camera feature in class In some programs (e.g. Adobe Connect) you can view all students live. In practice, this does not work that well. Slow connection speeds and valuable screen space is wasted. Student were either neutral or agreed that this feature was unnecessary. 4. Have static pictures of students in breakout rooms To make breakout rooms sessions a little more personal, I pre-load pictures of group members in the breakout room discussion sessions (64% student approval rating). Support Material/Tools It is my belief that extensive support material needs to be made available to students in an online synchronous course. Considerable work is done outside class and well designed support resources reduce student frustration and the potential deluge of administrative email questions. 1. Jing videos I create numerous videos to explain assignments, procedures needed to complete tasks, give formative and summative feedback, and mini-lessons on specific concepts. These videos make the course far more personal and provide the "Just-in-time" help that student need when they find the time to complete the required tasks assigned to them -see http://faculty.uoit.ca/kay/educ5104g/resources/res_video.html for examples (100% student approval rating). 2. Class website (lessons plans, student work, resources, tools) I create a comprehensive website with a full set of support materials for students. This site has proven invaluable for students see http://faculty.uoit.ca/kay/educ5104g/home_frame.html for an example (100% student approval rating). 3. Limited Use of Discussion Boards I rarely use discussion boards in synchronous classes because we have most of our rich discussion online. Students were either neutral or agreed that they did not like using discussion boards, especially when participation was required for course credit. When discussion boards were opened on a volunteer basis, few students chose to use them. 4. Email reminders I sent out weekly reminders about completing required tasks and assignments. Even though I had adult learners, they had very busy lives and I found simple reminders resulted in 100% completion rate of almost all tasks assigned (90% student approval rating). Engaging Class Activities Effective in class activities make or break a successful synchronous online learning class. I have found the following activities to be well received by students. 1. Organized breakout rooms with specific tasks I used this strategy often, but I gave students specific tasks to complete within a set time period. Occasionally, when I left the tasks too open-ended, students appeared to spend an inordinate amount of time trying to figure out what was expected. Clear instructions and roles helped focused students toward a unified learning goal. Typical breakout session times ranged from 15 to 45 minutes (100 % student approval rating). 2. Focused class discussions about a specific topic I used this strategy to bring ideas together after breakout sessions. Simply conducting a class discussion without breakout discussions did not work well most students were reluctant to speak out (84 % student approval rating). 3. Asking all students to comment on an issue using the Chat room This strategy worked far better for general discussion and brainstorming. Students appeared to be much more comfortable using chat messages vs. actual voice (85 % student approval rating). 4. Polling students about their understanding of material in class I would poll students on a number of issues before and after breakout sessions to gain a general feel for whether learning goals were achieved, Students liked answering anonymously and viewing their peers collective responses (83 % student approval rating). 5. Student presentations short and focused Students were asked to present materials in a number of instances and this worked best if they were told to limit the length to 5 minutes or less. I also broke up prese


DAEDALUS [1] is a three-year project based at the University of Glasgow funded under the JISC Focus on Access to Institutional Resources (FAIR) Programme [2]. The main focus of the project has been developing institutional repositories to hold content ranging from peer-reviewed published papers to theses and working papers. Separate repositories have been developed for published material [3] and other material [4].


The sand lizard (Lacerta agilis) is a common species in Europe that inhabits a wide range of habitats, including anthropogenic environments. It is a frequent carrier of common ticks (Ixodes ricinus), which poses a severe threat to the lizards' health. We determined the living space used by lizards in a rapidly changing environment and ascertained the number of parasitic ticks found throughout the reptile's active season. We conducted telemetry research on a dynamically developing housing estate located on the outskirts of the city of Zielona Góra (western Poland) in 2016-2017. We obtained data from 16 adult lizards, from which we collected 2529 ticks. Using generalized linear models (GLMs), we determined the relationships among the number of transmitted parasites, size of occupied areas (minimum convex polygon, MCP), the weight of lizards, and sex of lizards. Results indicated that the number of ticks was negatively correlated with lizard body mass, but positively correlated with home range. Sex was not significantly associated with the number of ticks. Additionally, the parasite load was lower during the lizard's non-breeding season than during the breeding season and was lower for males than for females during the non-breeding season. Males have larger home ranges than females.


Many professors in computer science feel that group projects are not worth the hassle and complications[1]. Several reasons have been cited: different student schedules make it difficult to get together, centralizing information is tedious and usually hard to secure, and it is hard to monitor group participation. The problem with not creating group projects means students are missing a vital component of their educations. This paper describes how a Software Engineering Course used Blackboard CourseInfo to increase collaboration, learning, and interactivity while working on a group project to create software. In addition, a brief study and comparison between Software Engineering courses that used CourseInfo and those that did not is included. The course, which is described in this paper, used CourseInfo as a resource but did not replace the classroom experience.


Changing the outlet geometric structure will exert different constraint effects on gas-solid flow behavior in the circulating fluidized-bed riser. So the riser outlet structures are usually different according to the different technical requirements. According to the turning form of gas-solid, the outlets in general can be divided into the gas-solid turning and non-turning type. The gas-solid turning outlets are usually used in prior research and application. In this paper, effect of the outlet structure on gas-solid flow behavior both along with axial and radial direction in a riser, inner and external particle circulation flux and other parameters was summarized. The existing quantitative analysis methods of comparing the outlet structure constraint strength were introduced. And its research direction was prospected.


The surface preparation of 4H-SiC substrate plays a crucial role for the epitaxial growth. In the present work, the Hydrogen etching influence on 4H-SiC surface of substrate before the growth process was studied. The epi-layer was grown .with a commercial low-pressure, hot-wall Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) reactor by Tokyo Electron Limited. The etching time of the surface was increased until three time (x3) respect with the normal value usually adopted for the growth. Photoluminescence and optical inspection analyses show a clear relationship between the etching time and the defectivity. Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) measurements also show an increase of step bunching with the etching time.


Objective To observe clinical effect of Locking Compression Plate as Supercutaneous Plating for treating fracture of tibia,Methods Retrospective assessment of 11 Locking Compression Plate as Supercutaneous Plating to care open and closed tibial fractures,chronic osteomyelitis of tibia,and tibia nonunion combined surround leg dermatoplasty.Results 10 patient healed normally,one patient underwent nonunion and healed after bone graft.Conclusion Locking Compression Plate as Supercutaneous Plating could build a sublinear frame structure next to skin,which made it acceptable for patient,but it could not be reused and cost much.All these does not influence the bone fracture healing.


The COVID-19 pandemic has led to the prolonged closure of schools combined with the shock to the economy and the health of the population, has had an unprecedented effect on children's elementary education and wellbeing. The impact is not equal, even among children; the access to education, health care facilities and nutritional meals is limited when it comes to the poor and vulnerable children. It has both shortand long-term repercussions that put the development of an entire generation at risk. Now children are expected to be supervising their learning and other well-beings only in the homes, potentially under the guidance of parents or other family members. The present study was designed to understand and find out parents' point of view, perspective and objective on their children's education and well-being in rural scenario. Here, for the study the children of class I to IV were chosen and they all were admitting at government primary schools in their own villages. A field survey was conducted to meet 200 parents on the basis of purposive sampling technique. A structured close and open ended questionnaire was designed as a tool to collect data. Primary data were collected around 10 days from 1 July to 10 July, 2021. The study reported the lacuna seen in elementary education, nutrition and other well being among school going children. Strong strategies are urgently needed.


This paper reports an alternative approach for the evaluation of fabric pilling. On this approach, orthogonal projections of the three-dimensional (3D) fabric images are used directly to virtually evaluate the pilling formation of the fabrics. The 3D images of the fabrics are obtained through the reconstruction of the topography of the real textile fabrics. For that, a dual-scanning optical system (triangulation system) was used, which was developed and implemented by our research team. This evaluation approach is performed by comparing the appearance of the orthogonal projections of the 3D fabric images with the same photographic standard sets used in the conventional subjective method. For the validation of the obtained results with this methodology, a comparison was carried out relative to a reference subjective evaluation. This reference evaluation corresponds to a subjective evaluation of the fabrics originally performed by a panel of experts. A comparison was also performed between the results obtained with this methodology and those obtained by an objective evaluation. This objective evaluation corresponds to the automatic attribution of the equivalent pilling grade to the fabrics, based on the calculation of the total volume of pilling formed in their surfaces. The final results obtained with the described methodology were showed to be globally in agreement with both the reference subjective and the objective evaluations. Subsequently, this method shows potential as an alternative approach for the virtual subjective evaluation of fabric pilling.


In comparison with natural engineering, social engineering is a matter of immaterial and flexibility, which colligate all kinds of relative knowledge of humanities and social science, nature and engineering in order to construct a new social development model resolving social issues and choose new social developing direction. From this theoretical angel, social engineering is common theory and methodology of policy-making to rebuilt social relationship. Natural engineering has dual parts of outside and inside. During the process of decision-making, engineering-implemented and engineering-thought, social engineering combines with natural tightly, in other words, operating process of natural engineering is one of social engineering.


To develop a fast MR fingerprinting (MRF) sequence for simultaneous estimation of water T1 (T1H2O) and fat fraction (FF) in fat infiltrated skeletal muscles.


The migration-environment nexus has gained increased interest from the social research field o ver the last years. While straightly connected to human security issues , thi theme has pervaded through the media to the public sphere. Th refore, it is important to observe how did the discussions over e nvironmentally induced migrations develop from the scientific basi s to the media attention, passing through some political voices, a nd in which ways might these messages be interpreted within the broa de public discourses. To achieve this purpose, the analysis o f the press entries between 2004 and 2010 in three of the main Portugue se n wspapers shall be presented, specially reflecting upon the e vents, protagonists, topics, geographical attributions and terms/express ion used to define those who migrate due to environmental degradation or disasters. Keywords—"Climate refugees"; "environmental refugees"; environmentally induced migrations; Portuguese writ ten press


1580 Background: Mass screening programs for colorectal cancer are based on fecal occult blood test (FOBT). To improve its low sensitivity other fecal tests such as tumor M2-PK or fecal calprotectin have been studied with conflicting results.

METHODS
We tested an innovative combination of fecal tests (immunochemical FOBT, tumor M2-PK and calprotectin) as markers for patients who should undergo colonoscopy for the clinical suspicion of colorectal cancer (CRC). I-FOBT, fecal tumor M2-PK and fecal calprotectin were measured in a stool sample, in patients aged 50-80 years candidate to colonoscopy for abdominal symptoms. I-FOBT (OC sensor), tumor M2-PK (ScheBo) and fecal calprotectin (Bühlmann) were assayed using commercial kits.

RESULTS
A total of 280 patient's stool single samples were analyzed for the 3 fecal markers. 46 patients had CRC and 85 patients had one or more advanced adenoma/s at colonoscopy/histology. CRCs were associated with a highly significant increase (p < 0.001) in fecal tumor M2-PK (median 27.1 KU/L). The overall sensitivity for CRC alone was 0.63 for i-FOBT, 0.76 for fecal calprotectin and 0.87 for tumor M2-PK. The corresponding values for CRCs + advanced adenomas (133 patients) were 0.35, 0.67 and 0.63, respectively. The combination of i-FOBT and fecal calprotectin increased sensitivity in the detection of CRC to 0.79, whereas the combination of i-FOBT and tumor M2-PK increased sensitivity to 0.93. Moreover, the negative predictive value of fecal calprotectin assay combined with tumor M2-PK determination in i-FOBT positive patients was 0.96 for the exclusion of CRC alone.

CONCLUSIONS
A combination of multiple fecal markers such as tumor M2-PK, fecal calprotectin and i-FOBT seems to constitute an appropriately sensitive tool for pre-selecting those patients who require prompt colonoscopy to confirm a suspected CRC. Further studies are warranted in order to evaluate the usefulness of this panel of tests in the context of CRC screening, especially in older age groups.


Several epidemiological studies have suggested that phenolics have antineoplastic activities. The objective of this study was to determine the antiproliferative effect of rich phenolics extracts of mandarin (Citrus reticulate) and lime (Citrus aurantifolia) fruit waste in colorectal cancer cells, RKO (carcinom) and HT-29 (adenocarcinom). Antiproliferative effect was evaluated using the methylthiazolydiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and testing phenolics extracts from different mandarin and lime fruit waste drying temperatures (fresh, 60, 90, 120oC), at different times (24, 48 and 72 h). Mandarin and lime phenolics extracts inhibit cell viability of colon cancer cell lines, HT-29 and RKO, at 24 h to 72 h. Results suggested that phenolics extracts had different action mechanisms on each type of cells and therefore, more studies were required to elucidate such mechanisms.


College and university sports is the advanced stage of the P.E education.It aims at knowledge accumulation and health reserves.It needs to consume materials resource from school and society to last and develop harmoniously.While the scale of universities enlarges and the amount of students increase,the development of college and university sports is facing a lot of difficulties and challenges.This essay, according to the difficulties of college and university sports education in China and how to establish ISO quality management system standardization of sports education,proposes some suggestions of college and university sports education quality management.It refers to realizing lasting,healthy and rapid development of college and university sports education.


The values of first figure of merit (F 1 ) and that of the second figure of merit (F 2 ) were found to be 0.126 and 0.390 respectively. The values indicate the proper functionality of the solar box cooker. And the standardised stagnation temperature was found to be 104 o C at an ambient temperature of 37 o C and at solar radiation of 795.5W/m 2 . Also high solar intensity for experimental and simulation results were found to be 1070W/m 2 and 1020W/m 2 respectively. The co-efficient of determination (r 2 ) for both the simulated and experimental results were found to be 98.8  and 94.1  respectively


The present study investigated the expression of genes and proteins associated with PGF2alpha biosynthesis, catabolism, and transport in matched amnion and choriodecidua of human term placenta. The concentration of PGF2alpha within fetal membranes depends on the balance between complex enzymatic systems responsible for, respectively, its synthesis—by prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2) and members of the aldo-keto reductase (AKR) family, AKR1C3 and AKR1B1—and its catabolic inactivation—through hydroxy-prostaglandin-dehydrogenase (HPGD). We observed that AKR1C3 shows equal basal expression (mRNA and protein) in choriodecidua and amnion but that AKR1B1 exhibits preferential expression in the choriodecidua. Expression of HPGD and solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1 (SLCO2A1) was found primarily in the choriodecidua. We also evaluated whether an inflammatory environment induced by the gram-negative bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) affects expression of each candidate enzymes. The amnion responded to LPS with a small but significant decrease of AKR1B1 mRNA expression. In contrast, we found a significant increase in PTGS2 and AKR1C3 mRNA expression in choriodecidua after LPS challenge, but such regulation was confirmed only at protein levels for PTGS2 and not for AKR1C3. Our results suggest that the choriodecidua appears to be the main tissue, which expresses maximally all the components (synthesis, degradation, and transport) controlling PGF2alpha levels.


The increase of conceptual system for the description of the efficiency improvement problem has been submitted for consideration. The composition and structure individual criteria and requirements for variant formalization of complex criterion information systems effectiveness as a technical system and means of analysis and information processing have been presented as the methodological initiative in this article


A multiscale approach to discrete element modeling is presented. A distinctive feature of the method is that each macroscopic discrete element has an associated atomic sample representing the material's atomic structure. The dynamics of the elements on macro and micro levels are described by systems of ordinary differential equations, which are solved in a self-consistent manner. A full cycle of multiscale simulations is applied to polycrystalline silicon. Macroscale elastic properties of silicon were obtained only using data extracted from the quantum mechanical properties. The results of computational experiments correspond well to the reference data.


The article finds out 564 papers on the studies on "Open Access" published during 2002 and 2009 in China,and analyzes their age distribution,author distribution,organization distribution,fund distribution,keywords occurrence frequency distribution,and so on,by the method of Bibliometrics.It shows the current situation,the hot spot,problems and developments that "Open Access" researched.


GSK‐3β is a key molecule in several signalling pathways, including the Wnt/β‐catenin signalling pathway. There is increasing evidence suggesting Wnt/β‐catenin signalling is involved in the neural differentiation of embryonic, somatic and neural stem cells. However, a large body of evidence indicates that this pathway maintains stem cells in a proliferative state. To address this controversy, we have investigated whether the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway is present and involved in the neural differentiation of newly introduced USSCs (unrestricted somatic stem cells). Our results indicate that the components of Wnt/β‐catenin signalling are present in undifferentiated USSCs. We also show that the treatment of neurally induced USSCs with BIO (6‐bromoindirubin‐3′‐oxime), a specific GSK‐3β inhibitor and Wnt activator, for 5 and 10 days results in increased expression of a general neuronal marker (β‐tubulin III). Moreover, the expression of pGSK‐3β and stabilized β‐catenin increased by BIO in neurally induced USSCs, indicates that the Wnt pathway is activated and functional in these cells. Thus, inhibition of GSK‐3β in USSCs enhances their neural differentiation, which suggests a positive role of the Wnt/β‐catenin signalling pathway towards neural fate.


Abstract Elucidating recruitment processes in marine fish is difficult when species occupy distinct habitats at different ontogenetic stages and when multiple cohorts determine year-class strength. Currently, there is insufficient information on the cohort dynamics of the early life history stages of summer-spawned bluefish Pomatomus saltatrix to critically evaluate each cohort's role in regulating population dynamics. The objective of this study was to provide greater insight into the cohort dynamics of summer-spawned bluefish during the summer and fall on the inner continental shelf off southern New Jersey. Length-frequency and otolith microstructure analyses were used to estimate the age, hatch date, and growth of neustonic individuals collected from shelf surface waters during August–October 1998. Bluefish ranged between 9 and 46 d in age, corresponding to back-calculated hatch dates between 27 June and 13 September. Hatch date frequencies were decomposed into a series of normal curves and identified ...


Partial differential equations in the history of a well-known counter-examples;Lewy counter-examples have been inspected.proved of Lewy to be a detailed analysis,and one of the gains and losses were summed up.Lewy using complex function of the Schwarz reflection principle of analytical countinuation,the final key step in proving the errors were pointed out.Again for Lewy counter-examples,the counter-examples were given.Combination of these two points,Lewy counter-examples are not set up to be.


We identified microorganisms causing skin disease in slaughtered chickens. Ten microbial strains were isolated from skin wound regions on the back and legs of chickens. Fatty acid composition analysis of the cell membranes of isolated bacteria identified five isolates of Shigella sonnei, Proteus mirabilis (2), and Escherichia coli (2). In addition, 16S rRNA sequencing indicated that S. sonnei (99%), P. mirabilis (99%), and E. coli (99%) were the strains responsible for skin wounds in chickens. Therefore, these three species may be the major pathogenic bacteria causing skin wounds on the back and legs of chickens.


A fast method for analyzing optical waveguides with the use of an improved Fourier series method and an absorbing boundary condition of perfectly matched layer (PML) is proposed. The numerical examples show that the computing cost, calculated accuracy, and convergent speed with the PML condition have been saliently improved, as compared to without the PML condition. The validity of the proposed method have been confirmed via comparison with other methods and measurements. The proposed method can be easily extended to 3D problems. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 46: 263–268, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.20961


Men with ED generally complain failure to attain or maintain an adequate erection during sexual activity. The prevalence of ED is strongly correlated with age, affecting about 40% of men at age 40 and nearly 70% at aged 70. A variety of chronic diseases, including diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease (CVD), chronic renal failure, depression, sleep disorder, and gout were shown to be associated with ED. In this study, the data used for designing the clinical decision support system (CDSS) was retrieved from a subset of the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) of Taiwan. The positive cases were male patients with age ranging from 20 to 65 years old who were diagnosed with ED (ICD-9-CM Code 607.84) between Jan. 2000 and Dec. 2010 confirmed by at least 3 outpatient visits, while the negative cases were randomly selected from the database with no history of ED and 1:1 frequencyand age-matched with the ED patients. Experiments of 1 cross validation (10 folds) and 2 independent training and testing (ITT) were conducted to verify the effectiveness of the predictive models. The results show that the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of tenfold cross validation achieved 69.45%, 69.45%, and 69.54%, respectively. For the ITT experiments, the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and the area under ROC curve were 70.28%, 72.48%, 71.32%, and 0.7226, respectively in the first experiment, and 69.42%, 70.74%, 70.06%, and 0.7143, respectively, in the second experiment. Future works will focus on designing the CDSSs with ensemble classifiers consisting of multiple SVM models by adopting the laboratory data to improve the predictive performance for ED prediction.


Objective:To establish a method for microbial limit test of gatifloxacin.Method:The filtration method was first used to remove the drug,material and then 0.1 mol·L~(-1)of manganese sulfate solution as neutralizer was added into the nutrient agar medium to inhibit the residual antimicrobial activity.Result:The method passed the validation test of Chinese pharmacopoeia 2005 version.The Bacillus subtilis was the most sensitive strain being recominended among the five validation strains,which is recommend for positive control in experiments.Conclu- sion:The method has been used in microbial limit test control for gatifloxacin oral preparation.


Emission current density from metal-insulator-metal (MIM) cathodes has been increased by two orders of magnitude (5.8 mA/cm/sup 2/) through the use of a multilayer top electrode of Ir-Pt-Au (Ir layer at the top-electrode/insulator interface). The use of Ir, which has a high sublimation enthalpy, was effective for improving durability against diffusion of metal ions into the insulator. This property lets us apply a higher electric field (12-15 MV/cm) to the insulator than that of the MIM cathodes with a Au top-electrode we previously produced. A display demonstration of 30/spl times/30 MIM-cathode array with the proposed top-electrode showed excellent images on a phosphor screen. Moreover mechanism of hot-electron scattering in the top-electrode is also clarified.


Abstract On-site sewage treatment and disposal systems, commonly referred to as a septic systems, consist basically of a septic tank and soil adsorption field or drainfield. It may represent a large fraction of nutrient loads and pathogen impacts in vadose zone and groundwater systems. It includes not only nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), but also pathogen indicators such as fecal coliform and Escherichia coli, which indicate the presence of other disease-causing bacteria flowing into the aquatic system and potentially adversely affecting public health. Constructed wetlands, an effective small-scale wastewater treatment system with low energy and maintenance requirements and operational costs, will cover current needs for nutrient and pathogen removal. In our study, a next-generation subsurface upflow wetland system that is filled with green sorption media (e.g., mixes of recycled and natural materials) along with selected plant species was tested as a substitute for the conventional drainfield in septic ...


Liver cirrhosis, an irreversible chronic condition, was the 11th leading cause of death in the U.S. in 2012 (1). Up to 70% of patients with compensated cirrhosis have coexisting diabetes (2). Previous studies found that patients dually diagnosed with diabetes and compensated cirrhosis are often managed by primary care physicians (PCP), although the percentage who also visit specialists such as gastroenterologists (GI) and endocrinologists (ENDO) is increasing (3). Whether the mix of physician specialties visited is associated with major health events among these dually diagnosed patients is unknown. Therefore, this study investigates whether physician mix affects outcomes of patients dually diagnosed with compensated cirrhosis and diabetes. The study was reviewed and approved by the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Institutional Review Board.

This retrospective study analyzed MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters and Medicare Supplemental databases (2000–2013). A total of 18,359 adults (aged ≥18 years) with ICD-9 codes indicating both diabetes and compensated cirrhosis were classified into one of …


Objective To investigate the inflammatory mediators level changes in the treatment of sepsis complicated acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS) with high volume hemofiltration(HVHF),and to explore its relationship with lung oxygenation function.Methods Twenty-eight sepsis patients complicated with ARDS were treated with HVHF,the arterial blood gas and mechanics of breathing were monitored at the following time points,before treatment and 1,2,4,8,16 hours after treatment.Meanwhile,the levels of inflammatory mediators were determined with radioimmunoassay.The acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ were recorded at before treatment and treated for 16 h,respectively.Results The serum levels of IL-6,IL-10,TNF-α were significantly decreased after treatment,meanwhile the indexes of oxygenation(PaO2/FiO2) and pulmonary compliance(Cst) were significantly increased,but PIP and Pplat were significantly decreased(P0.05 or P0.01).After treated for 16 hours,the APACHEⅡ scores was obviously increased than that before treatment(P0.01).Conclusion The regulation of inflammatory mediator levels with HVHF could improve the status of pulmonary edema and compliance,thus improving ARDS.


In this article the life of the Priest of the Savior-Transfiguration Cathedral of the city of Bolgrad is analyzed. The comprehensive analysis of his pastoral activity is done according to the archived documents and published sources. Special attention is paid to the main forms of his social service – teaching and charity. The desire of any people to know their history better is quite understandable and justified. At the same time, not only any significant events in history, but also individuals who were at the origins of these events, without which the latter could not have happened, are of the greatest interest. The Bulgarian revivalist intelligentsia included hundreds of teachers, healers, pharmacists, writers, publishers, scribes, merchants, soldiers, priests, monks, arch pastors, as well as representatives of many other classes and specialties. Frequently, the budgets combined in themselves not one, but several social roles, which is very characteristic of the Renaissance period. It is to such quiet and quiet, humble and hardworking historical figures that the personality of the priest of the Savior-Transfiguration Cathedral of the city of Bоlgrad, Mikhail Vasilievich Kazanakli, who was engaged in quiet and necessary work, belongs to the personality.The life of M.V. Kazanakli is complicated in the description, it is only partly reflected in external situations and events, but is concentrated on the path to God. External events of the life of the priest –socially visible clothes. But the spiritual element in which he constantly dwelt, is poorly amenable to purposeful analysis and verbal interpretation. Biography from. Michael needs to be read and thoroughly analyzed by a specialist theologian who has personal experience in spiritual building, asceticism.


In Part I predictive coding was defined and messages, prediction, entropy, and ideal coding were discussed. In the present paper the criterion to be used for predictors for the purpose of predictive coding is defined: that predictor is optimum in the information theory (IT) sense which minimizes the entropy of the average error-term distribution. Ordered averages of distributions are defined and it is shown that if a predictor gives an ordered average error term distribution it will be a best IT predictor. Special classes of messages are considered for which a best IT predictor can easily be found, and some examples are given. The error terms which are transmitted in predictive coding are treated as if they were statistically independent. If this is indeed the case, or a good approximation, then it is still necessary to show that sequences of message terms which are statistically independent may always be coded efficiently, without impractically large memory requirements, in order to show that predictive coding may be practical and efficient in such cases. This is done in the final section of this paper.


Seeing the importance of measuring the level of student satisfaction with the service implementation of the education and learning system, a container for measuring the level of student satisfaction is needed. Student satisfaction and a good experience received by each student is one of the priorities prioritized by the University of Muhammadiyah Jambi in shaping the image or good name of the university. But unfortunately, so far, to measure the level of student satisfaction in having the experience of feeling the service of implementing the education and learning system and using existing facilities at the University, it is still in the form of a questionnaire in the form of paper which is distributed directly to students when students are going for the final semester exams with a fairly time-consuming process. time in procedures and calculations. so that there is no transparency in data collection that is accumulated directly through the system and does not become a waste of time, energy and paper. The purpose of this study is to analyze and design an Information System for Measuring Student Satisfaction on Web-Based Services for the University of Muhammadiyah Jambi Campus so that it can improve the services of the University of Muhammadiyah Jambi Campus. This design is made using the visual paradigm and using object-based modeling techniques to describe the analysis and design of the system, namely in the form of use case diagrams, class diagrams, and activity diagrams. This study resulted in a prototype design of an Information System for Measuring Student Satisfaction on Web-Based Services for the University of Muhammadiyah Jambi Campus. On this basis, an integrated system is needed, it is hoped that the system can increase the effectiveness and efficiency of implementation for the university in handling and implementing faster solutions related to services on the University campus of Muhammadiyah Jambi University.


Objective :To determine the contents of rutin,hyperin,quercitrin and quercetin in Houttuynia cordata Thunb.by HPLC.Methods:An external standard method by HPLC with Kromasil-C_(18) column(250 mm×4.6 mm,10 μm)as fixed phase,H_2O-CH_3CN-H_3PO_4(400:100:0.2)as one mobile phase,which was changed to another mobile phase CH_3CN-CH_3OH-H_2O-H_3PO_4(375:75:50:0.1)at 30 min was adopted.The detection wavelength was 350 nm and the flow rate was 1.0 mL·min~(-1).Results:Rutin,hyperin,quercitrin and quercetin were well separated by this method.Linearities of rutin,hyperin,quercitrin and quercetin were good in ranges of 0.055-0.550μg(r= 0.9979),0.248-2.480 μg(r=0.9977),0.520-5.200μg(r=0.9998),0.062-0.623 μg(r=0.9961) ,re- spectively.The average recoveries were 103.5%,104.0%,102.6% ,103.7% and RSD of the values of repeatabili- ty were 3.9% ,0.8%,1.0%,1.6% ,respectively.Conclusion:The method validation data indicates that the meth- od is reliable and it can be used for quality control of Houttuynia cordata Thunb.and its preparations.


It is increasingly the case that we seek to understand better what ecosystem services are delivered by trees, and indeed, how they do this. In some cases this means that we require a better or more precise understanding of the parameters which constitute a "tree" such as leaf area. The paper by Madalena Vaz Monteiro and colleagues (Monteiro, Doick, Lawrence, & Wilson, 2018) looks at the application of hemispherical photography to estimate total leaf canopy for mature trees in urban environments. The approach has long since been used by woodland ecologists, although some of us go back far enough to recall the actual figures being derived from manually produced hemispherical graph-paper! In the urban context, the methods seemed to give a good estimate in comparison with other approaches though the variance increased with tree size. Research such as this helps develop a more complete and rounded assessment of the structure and functions of urban trees. Also considering tree functions, Slater's study on natural tree bracing and bark included junctions (Slater, 2018) is reported here as part of a series of papers on this and related themes by Slater and colleagues. Duncan notes that a factor influencing the mechanical loading of a junction is the presence of "crossing or touching limbs" situated above a junction and acting as a "natural brace". These structures straddle the join and so restrict the natural movement of both junction and associated limbs. The outputs of these long-term programmes of research demonstrate direct relevance of meticulous, focused studies to tree practitioners in the field. Formerly of English Nature and then Natural England, Keith Kirby has been involved with and even leading policy developments in relation to many aspects of UK trees and woods over many years. In this paper (Kirby, 2018), Keith challenges some perceptions and assumptions of nature conservation. He addresses issues of trees and treescapes, and argues that conservation approaches have not always evolved to take into account new information and thinking around landscape ecology, and past influences of humans on the countryside. He notes that climate change, emerging tree diseases and new forms of public discussion via social media, all influence the emerging priorities. Furthermore, he suggests that Britain leaving the European Union may provide an opportunity to bring some of these new ideas into conservation policy and through this to influence evolving support mechanisms for practical delivery of work on the ground. Finally, Sjöman, Hirons, and Bassuk (2018) examine the drought tolerance of magnolias in urban situations. The genus Magnolia includes 224 species with both deciduous and evergreen trees and shrubs. The larger shrubs and smaller trees are increasingly important in urban landscapes but there may be issues of drought-related impacts for species whose natural environment is relatively humid. This paper is an important contribution to discussions on the suitability of various Magnolia species for drier, urban situations.


Figure 1. Rotavirus disease surveillance in Africa by country, 2009. AFRO, Regional Office for Africa (World Health Organization) surveillance network; EMRO, Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean surveillance network. Potential conflicts of interest: none reported. Financial support: this article was developed under the PATH Rotavirus Vaccine Program, funded in full or in part by the GAVI Alliance. Supplement sponsorship: This article is part of a supplement entitled "Rotavirus Infection In Africa: Epidemiology, Burden of Disease, and Strain Diversity," which was prepared as a project of the Rotavirus Vaccine Program, a partnership among PATH, the World Health Organization, and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and was funded in full or in part by the GAVI Alliance. Reprints or correspondence: Dr Kathleen Neuzil, Rotavirus Vaccine Program, PATH, 455 Leary Way, Seattle, WA 98108 (firstname.lastname@example.com). The Journal of Infectious Diseases 2010;202(S1):S1–S4 2010 by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. 0022-1899/2010/2002S1-0001$15.00 DOI: 10.1086/653545 On 5 June 2009, the Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on Immunization of the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended that rotavirus vaccines be included in the immunization programs of all countries of the world [1]. This recommendation came 10 years after a previous rotavirus vaccine was withdrawn from the market in the United States because of concerns over its association with intussusception. During that decade, it is estimated that 12 million children have died from rotavirus disease on the African continent alone [2]. This historic policy decision should serve as a catalyst for efforts to ensure that the next decade heralds reductions in deaths due to diarrheal disease, the second leading cause of death among young children in Africa. The commitment and hard work of literally hundreds of individuals, organizations, and governments over many years contributed to this notable policy decision on rotavirus vaccines. The initial step forward was establishing the burden of rotavirus illness in Africa. The first surveillance studies in the continent, though geographically limited, established rotavirus as an important cause of severe rotavirus gastroenteritis among young African children [3–6]. As rotavirus surveillance expanded, so did the realization that rotavirus infection was an important and ubiquitous disease throughout the continent. In 2008, the WHO reported that, as in the rest of the world, rotavirus was the most common cause of severe diarrheal disease hospitalizations in young children in Africa [7]. Although this surveillance was limited to 4 countries, the consistency of the results among those countries, and with results from other studies in Africa and throughout the world, was striking. This supplemental issue of the Journal of Infectious Diseases illustrates the continued expansion of our knowledge on ro-


Redesigning the City from the Bottom Up The on-site project The Cook,the Farmer,His Wife and Their Neighbour, which involved the creation of a community garden and community kitchen in the Nieuw West district of Amsterdam,was a collaborative project I organized with the Dutch collective Wilde Westen(Lucia Babina, Reinder Bakker,Hester van Dijk,Sylvain Hartenberg,Merijn Oudenampsen,


In the mammalian ovary both gonadotropins and local cytokines, acting through G‐protein coupled receptors, govern the physiology of the ovary in part by regulating the cyclic adenosine 3′,5′‐monophosphate via adenylyl cyclases. The nine transmembrane adenylyl cyclases and a soluble adenylyl cyclase are regulated by a diversity of ligands. In this study we have examined the rat ovaries, prior to and subsequent to gonadotropin treatment, for the presence of different transmembrane adenylyl cyclases by indirect immunofluorescence microscopy. Adenylyl cyclase I immunoreactivity was observed in the nuclei of oocytes in preantral and antral follicles along with some staining in granulosa cells. Equine chorionic gonadotropin injection increased adenylyl cyclase I staining in granulosa cells. Adenylyl cyclase I staining was also observed in luteal and endothelial cells. Adenylyl cyclase II was observed throughout the ovary, including granulosa cells and the ovarian surface epithelium. Adenylyl cyclase II staining was also found to increase in granulosa cells after equine chorionic gonadotropin injection. Adenylyl cyclase III was distributed primarily in theca and smooth muscle cells of arterioles, with faint staining in the oocytes of equine chorionic gonadotropin‐injected ovaries. Adenylyl cyclase IV staining was present throughout the ovary, including the nuclei of oocytes. Adenylyl cyclase VIII staining in granulosa cells increased subsequent to equine chorionic gonadotropin injection and remained in luteal cells. Our study reveals the redundancy of adenylyl cyclases present in the rat ovary and, therefore, implies potential regulation of follicular and corpus luteum physiology by cyclic adenosine 3′,5′‐monophosphate generated through distinct adenylyl cyclases. Anat Rec, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


In 1918 von Hann (1) suggested, as a result of her post mortem studies in man, that destruction of the posterior pituitary caused diabetes insipidus only if significant portions of the anterior pituitary gland remained intact. This observation has been supported by other workers who noted that in experimental diabetes insipidus, destruction of the anterior pituitary resulted in decrease in the polyuria and polydipsia (2-7). In 1935 Mahoney and Sheehan (8) showed that experimental diabetes insipidus in the dog can be ameliorated by thyroidectomy and the polyuria can be reestablished by thyroid feeding. Fisher, Ingram and Ranson (9) confirmed this result in experimental diabetes insipidus as have others (6, 7, 10-14). Similar relationships for adrenal cortical activity to the diabetes insipidus state have been claimed (15, 16) and much has been said regarding the diuretic action of adrenal hormones (16, 17). It should be stressed that all this work was done on animals in which the degree of polyuria and polydipsia was the sole criterion of the diabetes insipidus state. This study was done on a patient who had, in addition to well documented neurohypophyseal insufficiency, evidence of some concomitant anterior pituitary failure. The purpose of this paper is to reemphasize the physiological defect in diabetes insipidus; and to study its relationship to solute loading, thyroid, adrenal, and anterior pituitary function. The findings clearly show that polyuria and polydipsia are not necessary accompaniments of insufficiency of the supraopticohypophyseal system and suggest that the anterior pituitary,


This article focuses on two aspects of a therapeutic encounter. The first is the therapist's perception of the family as he engages, assesses and manoeuvers the family into a position which requires its members to change. The second aspect is the family's perception of what took place during the therapy, as recorded by the mother.


ABSTRACT The primary purpose of this study was to examine the demographics and risk and needs associated with cyber-dependent offenders serving a term of community supervision in order to understand how they might be supervised most effectively. This study examined the risk and needs assessment results for 813 cyber-dependent offenders supervised by federal probation in the United States. Descriptive statistics were used to provide a portrait of the demographics and review their risk and needs scores. The analysis uncovered that cybercrime offenders on federal supervision were more often white, male, and 38.2 years old on average. In regards to risk and needs assessment, most cybercrime offenders scored as low risk to reoffend suggesting they require minimal supervision and services. Because most cybercrime offenders were low risk, they had few criminogenic needs yet the types of needs they had suggest this population might require different services than probation typically provides for offenders. This study addresses a neglected topic in the correctional rehabilitation literature and offers insight into a cybercrime subject with limited official data.


During the pandemic outbreak, the healthcare sector is at the forefront to face the unforeseen crisis with its' different wings including doctors, nursing staff, clinical and diagnostic services with diversified applications of medical electronics. Healthcare services are characterized by the changing demand for products and services due to the changing dimensions of the pandemic day by day. Hence the varying demand for healthcare services in these pandemic times should be monitored by a suitably structured framework so that the right product and service should reach the patient at right time and place. The objective of the present study is to analyze the performance of Indian healthcare by identifying the healthcare performance indictors by means of BSC perspectives, which are responsible to improve the quality of health care service, ranking of healthcare units based on those key factors to validate the same, zone wise analysis for child healthcare performance, which leads to constitute a suitable strategy to improve nationwide child health care and propose a healthcare strategy framework to obtain the balance between patient demand and supply. The proposed Leagile Strategy with Patient Order Decoupling Point (PODP) leads to a balanced Leagile framework to meet the patient demand variations.


The paper puts forward a new supply chain mode in accordance with the trend of TPL enterprises, i.e. supply chain mode led by TPL enterprises and analyzes how it can form and exist.


This article analyses the classical rhetoric terminology to estimate its volume and reveal its unity or diversity within the framework of the main rhetoric branches. Such analysis enables us to arrive at conclusions about development trends in the science. Rhetoric is a philological subject, studying the relation of the idea to the word a great variety of aspects of rhetoric studies and the division into general and special. Rhetoric makes the problem of selecting terminology. As a science it is connected with the other two parts of the trivium grammar and logic and together with them constitutes an interdependent system of disciplines.