The conceptual design of a central receiver solar cogeneration facility at a California oil field is described. The process of selecting the final cogeneration system configuration is described and the various system level and subsystem level tradeoff studies are presented, including the system configuration study, technology options, and system sizing. The facility is described, and the functional aspects, requirements operational characteristics, and performance are discussed. Capital and operating costs, safety, environmental, regulatory issues and potential limiting considerations for the design are included. Each subsystem is described in detail including a discussion of the functional requirements, design, operating characteristics performance estimates and a top level cost estimate. An economic assessment is performed to determine the near-term economic viability of the project and to examine the impact of variations in major economic parameters such as capital and operating and maintenance costs on economic viability. Two measures of economic viability used are levelized energy cost and net present value. A development plan is given that describes the detailed design, startup, and operation of a solar cogeneration facility.


The article analyzes the volume of tasks that companies will have to perform during a pandemic in Web 3.0. Trends of business development in the conditions of digitalization and pandemic are revealed. Features and the most effective ways to restore sustainable development of the country and enterprises are analyzed. The basic principles and factors of the most effective government in the current conditions are revealed.


Investigations were conducted into the effect of chemical and structural heterogeneities on the magnetic characteristics of the heat-affected zone of welded joints in hardenable steels. A method of eliminating interference signals caused by heterogeneities in these zones and also a method of improving sensitivity in magnetographic inspection of the basis of remanent magnetization are proposed. Use of the magnetic induction concentrators results in the following sensitivity of inspection on the basis of remanent magnetization in 6-mm-thick specimens: 4% for the surface defects, 8% for the internal surface defects.


Oscillations of a SDOF piecewise linear system subjected to forced excitations with two harmonic fequencies has been investigated. A J integral was applied to determine the response types and to construct the bifurcation diagrams. Phenomena including jump behavior, subharmonics of various orders, period doubling, and intermittency to chaos were observed by the J bifurcation. Also, frequency locked oscillations, quasi periodic oscillations, and chaotic motions have been distinguished


This thesis analyzes the common accidents happening in bored pile construction process in karst regions,such as pipe sticking,collapse hole,borehole deviation,grout leakage,and broken pile,and then summarizes corresponding treatment measures,with a view to deepen the understanding on hole-building technology of bored pile in karst regions,and to get beneficial references and help.


AIMS
To describe differences in caregiver burden and health-related quality of life of informal caregivers of people with dementia in eight European countries and assess changes after transition from home to institutional long-term care.

BACKGROUND
Country differences in the experience of burden and health-related quality of life are rarely described.

DESIGN
Prospective cohort study.

METHODS
Data on burden and health-related quality of life were collected at baseline (conducted between November 2010-April 2012) and follow-up (after 3 months) using face-to-face interviews. Two groups of informal caregivers included those: (1) of people with dementia recently admitted to institutional long-term care facilities; and those (2) of people with dementia receiving home care. Statistical analyses focused on descriptive comparisons between groups and countries.

RESULTS
Informal caregivers of about 2014 were interviewed. Informal caregivers of people with dementia at home experienced more burden compared with informal caregivers of recently institutionalised people with dementia. Almost no differences in health-related quality of life were found between groups. Large differences between countries on outcomes were found. Informal caregivers of people with dementia who made the transition to an institutional long-term care facility experienced a statistically significant decrease in burden and psychological distress at follow-up.

CONCLUSION
Cross-country differences may be related to differences in health and social care systems. Taking this into account, informal caregiver interventions need to be tailored to (country specific) contexts and (individual) needs. Findings highlight the positive impact of admission to institutional long-term care on informal caregiver well-being.


A controversy has developed in recent years pitting those who see a resurgent Congress in U.S. foreign policy against those who argue that Congress remains largely acquiescent and uninvolved. This article addresses the disagreement, using a database of congressional foreign policy activity from 1946 to 1997 to weigh the competing claims. Our results show that congressional foreign policy activity has declined over the post-World War II era while congressional foreign policy assertiveness, relative to the administration's requests, has increased during this same period. Congress is thus less active but more assertive. Based on these results, we offer a two-dimensional model of congressional foreign policy behavior that better reflects the variety of congressional roles in U.S. foreign policy.


Background: High-flow arteriovenous fistulae (HF-AVF) may lead to adverse cardiac remodeling in hemodialysis patients. We have investigated whether a novel external stent is safe and effective in reducing and stabilizing flow rates during a 1-year follow-up after HF-AVF reconstruction. Methods: All patients with HF-AVF (access flow rate ⩾ 1500 ml/min), who underwent HF-AVF reconstruction with external stenting in two centers between June 2018 and May 2020, were included in this retrospective analysis. During HF-AVF reconstruction, the dilated vein segment was resected, underwent volume reduction, and was externally stabilized using a braided cobalt-chromium external stent. AVF flow rates were assessed preoperatively, intraoperatively, and at follow up visits using duplex ultrasound. Results: Forty-three HF-AVFs in 42 patients were reconstructed and supported with an external stent (mean age 49 years, range 20–86 years; 74% men). Fifty-one percent were forearm AVFs, 49% were upper arm. The mean preoperative flow rate was 2622 ± 893 ml/min (range: 1500–6000 ml/min) and was decreased to 710 ± 221 ml/min (range: 300–1300 ml/min) intra-operatively after HF-AVF reconstruction. At 6 and 12-months follow-up, the mean flow rates were 1132 ± 320 ml/min (range: 470–1700 ml/min) and 1453 ± 888 ml/min (range: 300–3800 ml/min), respectively. Recurrence of high flow (>1500 ml/min) occurred in 16% and 25% of the patients at 6 and 12 months and primary patency rates were 86% and 70%, respectively. Conclusions: This early experience with novel external stenting for HF-AVF reconstruction demonstrates that it is a safe and effective method for reducing and stabilizing flow rates up to 1-year post procedure. Additional studies are required to evaluate the durability of this procedure over the longer term and assess its effect on cardiac remodeling.


Relational-cultural theory (RCT) proposes that establishing and fostering positive relationships are central to human development, as well as self-awareness and culturally sensitive therapeutic skills. The authors of this study used RCT as a platform to interpret the cultural experiences and multicultural competence development of counselor education students (n = 8) who engaged in a study abroad program to Honduras. Participants' responses to four journal prompts given throughout the immersion experience were analyzed within an RCT framework using content analysis. Written self-reflections revealed that participants challenged controlling images and experienced mutual empathy, which positively affected relational connections with members of the host culture. Findings suggest that there is evidence of cultural competence development through study abroad programs under the RCT tenants. Implications for counselor education programs are discussed.


The aim of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility of a custom‐made phased‐array microcoil within a 400 MHz animal system for the morphological characterization of human skin tissue in correlation with histopathology.


The results of this study are expected to be used by Topas Galeria Hotel to assess Electronic Word of Mouth (eWOM) on Traveloka's Online Travel Agent (OTA) influences the decision to stay. Besides, the relationship between E-WOM activities in OTA can be used as a reference for Topas Galeria Hotel to determine the desires and expectations of prospective consumers in the future. Data were collected by a self-administered survey involving 384 respondents who made reservations at Topas Galeria Hotel through OTA Traveloka. The results showed that all indicators had a positive and significant influence on the decision to stay at Topas Galeria Hotel. Thus the hypothesis is proven, and the most influential dimension is the Valence of Opinion Dimension.


Risk assessment involves analysing and evaluating both hazard and damage potential. While studies on natural hazard processes and the hazard potential are numerous, research on human aspects and the damage potential is rare. However, more attention needs to be drawn to the latter, as most parts of the Alps have undergone significant socio-economic changes since the mid-twentieth century. Methods and approaches which determine and assess the damage potential for risk analyses are still missing. This study presents a concept for an investigation and monetary assessment of buildings and mobile values as well as the estimation of the number of persons endangered by avalanches. The method is mainly based on digital data as well as statistical information. The results are presented corresponding to the existing hazard zones on a municipal level. Thus, buildings and mobile values as well as the number of persons of a region or district can be determined in a cost- and time-efficient way. Moreover the whole approach is incorporated in a Geographical Information System (GIS). The study is conducted and tested in the Paznaun Valley (Tyrol, Austria) and will be standardised for alpine regions.


Polyimides are a commercially useful material, typically used in air and space applications due to high heat resistance, impressive mechanical strength, and self-extinguishing properties. In recent years, graphene has come of interest in the material science world. However, the pristine, carbon-honeycomb allotrope is extremely hydrophobic, chemically unreactive and it is therefore difficult, if not impossible, to disperse graphene nanoparticles as single nanosheets into polar solvents used typically used for polymerization and synthesis. Focus has shifted to graphene oxide (GO); the honeycomb structure of graphene with oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface. Incorporation of GO into polyimides is shown to improve mechanical properties, increase gas barrier properties and to increase water solvent resistance along with other solvents. Functionalization of GO sheets with monomer components of the chosen polymer results in further improvements of these properties. Here we demonstrate that tailoring of GO to be compatible with polyimide resins is a valuable technique in enhancing GO-polymer composite properties.


This book presents the results of some valuable research opening the 'black box' of the household. The key focus of the work is to examine the different ways in which household economic resources are controlled and managed by the partners in different couples and to try and explain the differences in the systems that are adopted, in relation to the overall financial and social position of the household, the relative income of the husband and wife, the ideology that is held about marriage and the 'inherited' views that resulted from childhood experiences and the system of money management adopted by parents. The most difficult link to explore is that between power structures within the marriage and the management and control of money and it is here that I most wanted further exploration of the important issues raised. The research task is essentially practical. It arose from Pahl's recent work on women who had left violent relationships which showed that many of them perceived their material situation to have improved, despite being on state support the lowest income on which people are expected to live. It was clear that this occurred, not because the households that they had left were objectively poorer, but rather because they had not enjoyed access to the 'household' income. The research is intended to increase our very limited knowledge about the ways in which economic relations are handled within households. The key research question was: what are the processes which take place within households between the earning and the spending of income.


The recent development of social movement analysis has not spared it from the pitfalls of objectivism and subjectivism. The first trap affects the concept of political opportunities structure. Meant to take into account the relations between mobilization and the political environment, this concept is weakened by its lack of definition, its statism and its mechanism. The subjectivist model of « protest experience frameworks », which considers commitment as the result of an alignment of the perceptions of activists and social movement organizations, comes across as the victim of a heavy idealistic and intellectualist presupposition. The article suggests that these difficulties can be overcome by pragmatic analysis of collective action, considered as a field of activity demanding specific skills and as part of universe of practice and relatively autonomous meaning : the space of social movements.


In addressing the implications of the recent Dutch requirement for auditors to comment on the relability and continuity of EDP Systems in their report to management I would first like to provide a background of international devel opments touching on the role of the auditor. Then I will summarize the actions being taken in a number of countries around the world re lating to internal control and the role of the auditor. I will comment on certain specific aspects of the Dutch requirement in Article 393:4, review modern audit approach , serv ices and business in light of these develop ments and finally will provide some thoughts on the future direction of the auditor's role.


Healthy scepticism is needed in relation to directors' protests against removing the 'no-vacancy' rule and the proposal to make the non-binding remuneration vote a special resolution.


We have employed a prism coupler to cause two independent surface-plasmon polariton modes of a metal-insulator-metal tunnel junction to radiate. We have characterized the radiative coupling of the modes by attenuated-total-reflection spectrometry and measured the angular dependence of the emitted light. Each of the radiative modes is supported by one of the metal surfaces farthest from the tunneling barrier. A model calculation suggests that the modes are excited at the surfaces that support them.


. In this work, we used the transfer matrix method to calculate the trans- 9 mittance spectrum of a one-dimensional photonic crystal with a cavity surrounded by 10 thin-graphene layers. To detect various bacteria such as vibrio cholera, escherichia coli, 11 and shigella flexneri, we considered that the cavity is infiltrated. The results showed a 12 confined mode within the photonic band gap, which is tuned to longer wavelength re- 13 gions when thicknesses of the graphene layers increase. Additionally, we detected that 14 a graphene layer thickness of 20 nm optimizes the quality factor, thus confining higher 15 energy within the cavity. 16


The purpose of this study is to make an evaluation of Gainesville Junior High School to determine the extent to which it meets criteria for this type of school. The different phases of the school evaluated were: plant and equipment, library, course of study, techniques of teaching, and extra-curricular activities.


Background/objectives: Managing thyroglossal duct cyst requires surgical excision of the cyst with its tract through the tongue base. Incomplete removal results in cyst recurrence, the common complications of incompletely performed Sistrunk procedure. The Modified Sistrunk procedure using skin punches increases the easiness of surgery and chances of complete removal of the tract. Materials and methods: Resection of the middle body of the hyoid was done by coring out the nonossified bone with 4.5 mm skin punches under 3.5× loupes and the tract above till the base. Results: A total of 14 primary cases were operated by this slight modification, and no recurrences were seen on 1 year of follow-up. Conclusion: Sistrunk operation is the treatment of choice for primary thyroglossal cysts. Modified Sistrunk operation using skin punches results in easy and precise coring of the hyoid bone with the tract attached to it. Secondary cysts should be treated with removal of core of tongue base muscle and foramen cecum mucosa along with hyoid and scarred cyst excision.


The beginning of metallurgy in the Old World is characterized by hammering native metals such as gold, copper and meteoric iron. Owing to the need of annealing the metal, for softening it after cold working, pyrometallurgy, the use of fire for producing metals from ores, could have been found by trial and error. Parallel to the rise of metallurgy is the use of a campfire (low temperature: max. 800°C) for baking clay-objects, which also seems to be an additional origin of metallurgy. The very first piece of molten copper-ore, dating back to the 7th millennium BC, was found in Catal Hoyiik, Turkey, together with hammered native copper and beads made of galena (PbS), initially mistakenly thought to be metallic lead.


Aims To develop a computer processable algorithm, capable of running automated searches of routine data that flag miscoded and misclassified cases of diabetes for subsequent clinical review. Method Anonymized computer data from the Quality Improvement in Chronic Kidney Disease (QICKD) trial (n = 942 031) were analysed using a binary method to assess the accuracy of data on diabetes diagnosis. Diagnostic codes were processed and stratified into: definite, probable and possible diagnosis of Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes. Diagnostic accuracy was improved by using prescription compatibility and temporally sequenced anthropomorphic and biochemical data. Bayesian false detection rate analysis was used to compare findings with those of an entirely independent and more complex manual sort of the first round QICKD study data (n = 760 588). Results The prevalence of definite diagnosis of Type 1 diabetes and Type 2 diabetes were 0.32% and 3.27% respectively when using the binary search method. Up to 35% of Type 1 diabetes and 0.1% of Type 2 diabetes were miscoded or misclassified on the basis of age/BMI and coding. False detection rate analysis demonstrated a close correlation between the new method and the published hand-crafted sort. Both methods had the highest false detection rate values when coding, therapeutic, anthropomorphic and biochemical filters were used (up to 90% for the new and 75% for the hand-crafted search method). Conclusions A simple computerized algorithm achieves very similar results to more complex search strategies to identify miscoded and misclassified cases of both Type 1 diabetes and Type 2 diabetes. It has the potential to be used as an automated audit instrument to improve quality of diabetes diagnosis. Introduction Primary care records are largely computerised with most primary care clinicians entering data at the point of care. Electronic patient records facilitate improved management of chronic diseases including diabetes [1]. However, a combination of factors may reduce data quality, including: time pressures that limit what is recorded in the electronic patient record; changes in diagnostic criteria and classification rules for diabetes [2]; sampling labelling problems (it may not be obvious if a sample is fasted) [3]; and idiosyncrasy in the coding interface. Furthermore, the various brands of EPR offer different coding choices for the same search term [4]. We have demonstrated that a pragmatic search strategy can identify classification problems in diabetes. Many people labelled as having Type 1 diabetes (Type 1 diabetes) are misclassified and actually have Type …


A phenomenological model is proposed for initiation of a laser plasma near the surface of an opaque target. The plasma formation criterion derived from the model agrees with the criterion established previously. It is shown that the plasma formation threshold depends on the characteristic defect size of the surface microrelief. A comparison of the critical defect sizes obtained from the proposed model shows that these agree with the experimental results with an error of less than ± 25%


Copyright protection helps arouse the writer's creating enthusiasm,and digital teaching resources sharing helps improve social education.Although both of them have rationality,they may cause contradiction between their private rights and public benefits,for the counteraction of the two interests results in the unbalance for the present copyright protection to deviate to private rights.This paper is to investigate into their rationality and contradiction in network environment,and suggest a new solution for the conflict between public benefits and private rights of copyright by carrying out the idea of sharing knowledge.


The assessment of direct radiative forcing due to atmospheric aerosols (ADRF) in the Indo Gangetic Plain (IGP), which is a food basket of south Asia, is important for measuring the effect of atmospheric aerosols on the terrestrial ecosystem and for assessing the effect of aerosols on crop production in the region. Existing comprehensive analytical models to estimate ADRF require a large number of input parameters and high processing time. In this context, here, we develop a simple model to estimate daily ADRF at any location on the surface of the IGP through multiple regressions of AErosol RObotic NETwork (AERONET) aerosol optical depth (AOD) and atmospheric water vapour using data from 2002 to 2015 at 10 stations in the IGP. The goodness of fit of the model is indicated by an adjusted R2 value of 0.834. The Jackknife method of deleting one group (station data) was employed to cross validate and study the stability of the regression model. It was found to be robust with an adjusted R2 fluctuating between 0.813 and 0.842. In order to use the year-round ADRF model for locations beyond the AERONET stations in the IGP, AOD, and atmospheric water vapour products from MODIS Aqua and Terra were compared against AERONET station data and they were found to be similar. Using MODIS Aqua and Terra products as input, the year-round ADRF regression was evaluated at the IGP AERONET stations and found to perform well with Pearson correlation coefficients of 0.66 and 0.65, respectively. Using ADRF regression model with MODIS inputs allows for the estimation of ADRF across the IGP for assessing the aerosol impact on ecosystem and crop production.


Simple Summary New therapeutic strategies are needed to improve the prognosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and developing biomarkers that can guide individualized treatment decisions is an important part of these strategies. In this study, we found that unresectable PDAC patients harboring wild-type Kras had significantly longer progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) than those harboring mutant Kras after undergoing first-line gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel (GA) therapy and that wild-type Kras was a significant predictor of longer PFS and OS. This is the first report suggesting that Kras gene analysis has the potential to predict therapeutic responses to GA and the prognosis of unresectable PDAC. Abstract Background: Although several molecular analyses have shown that the Kras gene status is related to long-term survival of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), the results remain controversial. Here, we examined the Kras gene status in a cohort of unresectable PDAC patients who underwent first-line therapy with gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel (GA) and assessed differences in chemotherapy responses and survival. Methods: Patients with a histological diagnosis of PDAC (based on EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration) from 2017 to 2019 were enrolled. Tumor genomic DNA was extracted from residual liquid-based cytology specimens and Kras mutations were assessed using the quenching probe method. The relationships between the Kras status and progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were assessed. Results: Of the 110 patients analyzed, 15 had wild-type Kras. Those with the wild-type gene showed significantly longer PFS and OS than those with mutant Kras (6.9/5.3 months (p = 0.044) vs. 19.9/11.8 months (p = 0.037), respectively). Multivariate analyses identified wild-type Kras as a significant independent factor associated with longer PFS and OS (HR = 0.53 (p = 0.045) and HR = 0.35 (p = 0.007), respectively). Conclusions: The analysis of the Kras gene status could be used to predict therapeutic responses to GA and prognosis in unresectable PDAC patients.


The proximate and mineral compositions of the eggshells obtained from Sokoto State Central Market in Nigeria as labeled sample A for poultry fowl eggshell, sample B for guinea fowl eggshell, sample C for Chicken and sample D for pigeon eggshell. The result showed that the eggshells as labeled contained (1.0 ± 0.007%, 2.0 ± 0.02%, 0.5 ± 0.03%, and 3.0 ± 0.01% moisture content respectively). Ash content (47 ± 0.015%, 47.5 ± 0.02%, 43.5 ± 0.0316% and 1.33% respectively. The crude protein reveals (1.4 ± 0.4%, 1.6 ± 0.2%, 1.35 ± 0.4% and 1.33 ± N.D) for the samples A – D respectively. The crude fibre content ranges from 5.0 ± 0.5% sample A to 2.5 ± 0.08% sample D. Carbohydrate content ranges from 44.9 ± 0.2% sample B to 51.65 ± 0.44% in sample C. The percentage CaCO3 ranges from 79.3% in sample B to 69.74% in sample D. For the mineral elements, sodium in mg/100g ranges from 5.625 ± 0.2 in sample A to 4.74 ± 1.0 in sample C. For calcium in mg/100g is 0.475 ± 0.2 in sample B to 0.325 ± 0.2 for sample D. the percentage concentration of minerals element was determined using flame photometer (Corning 400). In short, the mineral compositions are more or less high in concentration compared to the daily recommended allowance. And the eggshells could be used as a food source in alleviating the local deficiencies of these elements during formulating birds and other animal feeds (Chicken in particular) and can also be used in pest control. Keyword:eggshell, fibre, moisture, ash, mineral elements, protein and carbohydrate.


This text should be suitable for researchers, professors, practitioners, students and other computing professionals interested in the topic of computer graphics.


This paper is devoted to multi-point communication problems under the all-port line model. The line model assumes long distance calls between non neighboring processors. In this sense, the line model is strongly related to circuit-switched networks, wormhole routing, optical networks supporting wavelength division multiplexing, ATM switching, and networks supporting connected mode routing protocols. Since tree-networks are basic tools for t,he management of multi-point applications in both parallel systems and computer networks, we propose polynomial algorithms to derive optimal or near optimal broadcast, multicast and gossip protocols in trees.


The conceptual distinction between the two approaches was deceptively simple. Relief was granted as a matter of need, though literally this amounted to stark need. Social insurance, inspired by private insurance, aimed to provide benefits as a matter of right from funds accumulated in advance. The benefits were not to destroy the status and self-respect of the recipient, who might even be able to point to contributions of his own to the funds, along with those of his employer and perhaps the State. The risks insured against in this fashion were basic. They included dependency due to unemployment, sickness, injury, old age and loss of a breadwinner.


16MnCr5 low alloy steel carburized at 925C and carbonitrided at 860C. The tensile strength is improved in carburizing compared with carbonitriding 387.077N/mm and 369 N/mm. Likewise hardness is increased in the surface of carburized specimen. Carbon enriched up to 0.6% with effective case depth of 0.47 -0.50 mm in carburizing. Carbonitriding enriches carbon up to 0.494% with 0.45-0.50mm effective case depth. SEM analysis and fractography are showing ductile fracture in the core and brittle fracture in the case. Surface of carburized specimen has 720 HV higher than carbonitrided specimen 702.6 HV.


Objective:To evaluate the diagnosis and the treatment of the retroperitoneal fibrosis.Methods:The process of diagno-sis for one patient with Idiopathic Retroperitoneal Fibrosis was analyzed and the literatures about RPF in recent years were reviewed.Results:A soft-tissue mass surrounding the abdomina1 aorta in retroperitoneum was showed by CT scan in a 41 year old inpatient male,and the 18F-FDG PET/CT showed strikingly 18F-FDG uptake in the mid-abdominal region at the level of the CT-documented retroperi-toneal mass without other sites of pathological uptake.The patient was confirmed as IRF through under CT guidance and surgical pathology.Conclusion:RPF is a rare disease,CT/MRI is important in diagnosis,18F-FDG PET/CT has some advantages compared to the other im-age exams,and it is useful in the follow up.Glucocorticoid has a good effectiveness in treatment of the cases,while surgery is needed for the patients in late stage.


A current regulator for electromagnets is described in detail. The regulation over periods of an hour is precise to two parts in one hundred thousand. Feedback bandpass is a few thousand cycles wide in order to eliminate high‐frequency fluctuations. An auxiliary current feedback loop is used to control a generator field.


In total costs of ore mining, haulage participates with 30-60%; the total number of workers engaged in the transportation exceeds 35%, while the participation of transportation in the total power consumption amounts to over 40%. All these values indicate that transportation is one of the most signifi cant challenges in the underground mining of ore deposits and that haulage analysis is very important both in selecting the haulage type and its design, utilization and maintenance. In addition to various technical mining parameters, together with mining and geological conditions, haulage effi ciency depends on the selection of optimal haulage drives, which can be achieved by accurately connecting the underground mine workings with mine network points on the surface of a site. The selection of the best mine haulage routes is one the most critical tasks in mine surveying. This paper shows how to adjust a junction triangle on a working level using the parametric adjustment method.


Purpose – The study explored the views of leading human resource development (HRD) academics regarding five main issues: the disciplinary bases of HRD, the historical milestones in HRD, the constituent components of HRD, the leading contributions in terms of journal articles and books to the development of HRD and the future of HRD.Design/methodology/approach – A Delphi methodology was adopted. The views of editorial board members of the four main HRD journals (Human Resource Development Quarterly, Human Resource Development International, Advances in Developing Human Resources, Human Resource Development Review) and of the Board of Directors of the Academy of Human Resource Development were sought.Findings – Adult learning, systems theory and psychology were identified as the disciplinary bases of HRD. Works by Knowles, Nadler and McLagan were viewed as the leading contributions to the field. Adjusting to changes in work patterns and how work is organized was identified as a key trend influencing the fie...


Diesel generator, the power supply units, are placed in many marine objects. It represent the nonrigid power supply systems. Due to this reason they suffer with subharmonics oscillation caused by electronic loads. In cases when the three phase AC-DC converter is required the unity power factor rectification is needed. Modulation strategy for a matrix structured AC to DC converter is developed in this paper. This modulation strategy enables the input displacement factor correction without current sensing. Mathematical proof that AC to DC converter can operate with unity input displacement factor is provided by analysis based on the switching matrix approach. Theoretical analysis demonstrates the algorithm requirements. Computer simulation and experimental results supporting this ability are reported.


Determination of chloramphenicol in the ear drops by first derivative spectrometry was studied. The detecting wavelength was 303.0 nm. The linear range was 0-65.2 micrograms.ml-1 (r = 0.9999). The average recovery was 99.84%, RSD = 0.37% (n = 8). The method is simple and accurate.


This paper presents small scale low-speed maneuvering tests with an oceanographic research vessel model. The purpose of the tests is to validate the mathematical model of the real-time ship simulator for low-speed maneuvering developed by the University of Sao Paulo. The tests are intended to verify the behavior of the vessel and the model under transient and low-speed tests.Copyright © 2015 by ASME


A kind of design method for the guaranteed cost control of singular Markov jump systems with time delay is described in this paper.This method,based on the approach of linear matrix inequalities,results in the sufficient condition for the existence of guaranteed cost control with modal independent conditions.On the basis of the above results,the solution for mode controller to gain independence is given in the form of linear matrix inequalities,which can realize the guaranteed cost control for singular Markov jump systems with time delay.Finally,a relevant numerical example is introduced to illustrate the validity of the proposed method.


To get the various data on geological information, distributional ratios and characteristics of constituent rocks with geologic ages and rock types were obtained by ArcGIS 10.1 program, digital geologic and geomorphic maps of 1:250,000 scale in Jeonnam and Gwangju areas. In the Jeonnam area, geologic ages can be largely divided into 7, in which their distribution ratios show decreasing trends in the order of Cretaceous, Precambrian, Jurassic, Quaternary, Age-unknown, Carbonifeorus-Triassic and Triassic, and the former fours make the most prevailing ratios of 94.80%. Rock types in the area can be


Development of interactive e-book based modules as one of the learning media in an effort to convey knowledge information to students in schools to achieve learning objectives. The number of constraints that are present when the learning process takes place such as the absence of students in schools with various kinds of reasons and the absence of teachers when the learning process in the classroom becomes a problem in school education. Learning media is one solution so that students can learn more actively and independently in order to catch up with lessons. The purpose of the development of this interactive e-book based module is to create an interactive e-book based learning media application on the basic subjects of multimedia x-class graphic design designed using Professional PageFlip 3D applications and several other supporting applications. The structure of the material in this e-book uses the Exploratory method. The tutorial and creation of this interactive e-book uses the development model of the IDI (Instructional Development Institute). The result of making this interactive e-book is a learning media application that contains material and video tutorials on basic graphic design lessons. This e-book application has been tested for feasibility by 2 media expert examiners and 2 material expert examiners which obtained results in the aspect of content with a valid level, the average value obtained was 0.95 so that it was declared suitable for use as a learning medium. Keywords : Interactive e-book, learning media, basic subjects of graphic design


As far as the transaction cost is concerned, a multi-factor model for portfolio investment decision is established based on arbitrage pricing theory under the condition of no short sale, and then its solution is studied with the help of genetic algorithm.


Ridepooling is a new mobility service mainly for people in cities and urban areas. By matching the routes of customers with similar start and end points while driving in an optimally pooled manner, meaningful reductions in road traffic and related emissions can be achieved. Such services must meet customers' demands appropriately to achieve sustainable customer acceptance. Service providers face diverse customer expectations and prejudices that differ from those toward existing transportation modes. Today, most ridepooling trips are conducted with only one customer, confirming impressions of non-optimal operation. Using a survey-based approach, possible relevant constructs for the acceptance of and intention to use ridepooling services are analyzed. Testing constructs from the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 and environmental awareness, partial least squares analysis was performed with the software SmartPLS to investigate a dataset of 224 respondents. Results suggest that attitude toward use, perceived usefulness, and performance expectancy have an influence on the behavioral intention to use ridepooling services. In contrast, environmental awareness, price value, and effort expectancy do not have such an influence. The study expands the literature about customer acceptance of ridepooling service as well as new mobility services in general. Further, the paper provides research implications and recommendations for the development and implementation of the ridepooling concept for service providers.


The BP neural network based PID control algorithms have been widely applied in many systems. However,the existing applications only consider the point-to-point control systems,and the controllers and plants are assumed at same position. In practical systems,networked control systems are widely introduced. Due to the failure of communication channel,data dropouts often occur in networked control systems,which results in worse output performance. This paper described the dropout rate as Bernoulli random variables,and then the BP neural network based PID control was given in the framework of data dropouts. Simulation results show that the control algorithm can guarantee the stability of systems even though some data are missing,and the output performance becomes worse as the increasing of data dropout rate.


Identifying the real talent at a rival company can help predict the competitor's future directions, as well as its likelihood for long-term success. Grand-sounding titles can often be misleading as to who exercises actual influence regarding particular functions. Aside from occupying offices with considerable formal authority, truly powerful individuals in a corporate setting are those who acquire important resources, "absorb uncertainty" for the organization, have high visibility in terms of public relations efforts and external media coverage, and make the employer dependent upon themselves for the successful completion of certain key activities. Internet web sites and online databases and are a good place to begin researching who these individuals are. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


Given the Hilbert space compression of two groups, we find bounds on the Hilbert space compression of their free product. We also investigate the Hilbert space compression of an HNN-extension of a group relative to a finite normal subgroup or a finite index subgroup.


Inferring large-scale phylogenetic trees is a fundamental problem in evolutionary biology. The Robinson-Foulds median tree problem is a powerful tool to infer such trees. This problem seeks a median tree for a given collection of trees under the well-established Robinson-Foulds distance. While this problem is NP-hard, it has been addressed by standard local search heuristics. Here, we are describing a fundamentally different heuristic that is based on a novel clique-based formulation of the Robinson-Foulds median tree problem that we introduce. Using large-scale empirical and simulated data sets, we demonstrate that the clique-based heuristic significantly improves on the best Robinson-Foulds median tree estimates computed by standard Robinson-Foulds heuristics, when initialized with these trees. Finally, we show that the clique-based heuristic equivalently relates to standard local searches for Robinson-Foulds median trees through a novel tree-edit operation.


Calibration of tunable lasers is currently based on achieving sufficient SMSR and output power for transmission. As systems employing these devices move towards advanced modulation formats it becomes imperative that the linewidth is also considered.


Microearthquakes have been observed in nearly all major geothermal areas where detailed recordings have been made. These small earthquakes when recorded over a period of months are primarily confined within the geothermal areas. Such observations suggest that microearthquakes are an important part of those geothermal areas where sufficient heat transfer is taking place to allow economic production of geothermal power under present technology. These earthquakes seem to occur on the fracture systems that allow convection of heat to the surface. The tectonic stress shown by the earthquakes may be necessary to continue creating fresh surfaces for sufficient heat transfer. The strength of the rocks in major geothermal areas may also be reduced when the hot water leaches silica and other elements allowing the local tectonic stress to be released as small earthquakes. Whatever the explanation, studies of microearthquakes in major geothermal areas seem useful for trying to understand the subsurface structure of these areas and thus locating regions of convective heat transfer. Research in the US for locating magma chambers is still inadequate. Some evidence of magma chambers in the Katmai area of Alaska was reported by Kubota and Berg and Matumoto on the basis of earthquake locations, absence ofmore » some S-waves, and attenuation of high-frequency waves. Work on the unique Hawaiian volcanoes has failed so far to show clear seismic evidence of magma chambers even though deformation data imply that magma is stored at shallow depth in the summit and east rift areas. S-waves are not recorded sharply at most stations, and attenuation of high-frequency waves is observed in some areas. No significant gaps in earthquake distribution with depth have been clearly identified yet. Magma chambers in Hawaii may be plexuses of small conduits rather than large chambers. The studies of earthquake locations and lateral changes in seismic-wave attenuation appear quite useful for studying the subsurface structure of areas of value for utilization of volcano energy. Caution must be used, however, in interpreting the data for use in siting drill holes. Locations of earthquakes to an accuracy of 1 km in position or depth, for example, is very difficult, particularly in a volcanic region where lateral changes in velocity can be significant. Considerable effort will be needed to locate earthquakes in these areas with an accuracy of a few hundreds of meters.« less


The present invention relates to a motor vehicle body, having a front wall structure (12, 44) and at least one lateral stringer (40) and the reinforcement member (16; 38), said lateral longitudinal beams in the forward direction of the vehicle (x provided at least regionally before upper) wall structure (12, 44) at the front, is connected to the reinforcing wall structure (12, 44) and said stringer (40) and said front member, wherein the said stringer (40) and the reinforcing member (16; 38) is located before the front connecting portion wall structure (12, 44) at least partially observed in the vehicle transverse direction (y) in the direction of advance (x) one above the other and are directly connected to each other.


The article examines the content of state-level documents related to the need to train highly qualified engineering personnel for modern Russia, on the need for early career guidance at school. The integration of government documents and documents of the Ministry of Education and Science on the organization of extracurricular activities (2011, 2017) in the context of the Federal State Educational Standard, allowed the author of the article to identify and justify the possibility of orienting students to the choice of engineering professions through the organization of extracurricular activities in a primary school.
To solve the problem of organizing extracurricular activities focused on students choosing engineering professions, the article proposes a system of authoring work programs for extracurricular activities for a primary school. A systematic approach to the design of integrated work programs (mathematics + physics + engineering) was considered at two stages: the propaedeutic stage (grades 5–7) and the pre-profile stage (grades 8–9). The main difficulty in the implementation of work programs by teachers is the selection and design of engineering tasks.
The author of the article has developed three approaches to constructing problems of engineering orientation of mathematical content. The first approach is considered in detail: a contextual (engineering) presentation of a well-known educational task given in a textbook, didactic materials, and other teaching aids. The design and solution of the system of additional tasks to the problem from the geometry textbook for grade 8, where the cross section of the road in the form of an isosceles trapezoid is considered, made it possible to organize a research project for the construction of the highway. The students got acquainted with the types of engineering professions in the construction of the road, learned the incorrectness of some data in the contents of the textbook task and replacing them with possible numerical data in the construction of roads of different types.
Creating a holistic image of the studied task situation in the context of engineering, we develop the creative abilities of students that are necessary both in educational and professional engineering activities of any direction.


This study aims: (1) To describe the learning activities of fifth grade students of SDN-3 Anjir Mambulau Timur on science subjects using the Double Loop Problem Solving (DLPS) and Audio Visual Media methods, and, (2) To determine the improvement in learning outcomes Science using the Double Loop Problem Solving (DLPS) Method and Audio Visual Media. To the fifth grade students of Anjir Mambulau East SDN-3 2016/2017 academic year. The research method used in this study is the Classroom Action Research (CAR) method. Determination subjects were class V students of SDN-3 Anjir Mambulau Timur with a total of 13 students consisting of 5 men and eight women. Data analysis techniques used qualitative and quantitative. From the results of the study concluded that: (1) Learning activities of fifth-grade students of SDN-3 Anjir Mambulau Timur by using the Double Loop Problem Solving (DLPS) Method and Audio Visual Media. In science subjects, it is better. This is evidenced from the average results in the observational data on the activities of students in the first cycle, which is 2.87 increased to 3.3 in the second cycle, (2) There is an increase in science learning outcomes using the Double Loop Problem Solving (DLPS) and Media Method Audiovisual. This can be seen from the acquisition of the average value of each cycle increasing. In the first cycle obtained an average cost of 71 and classical completeness 84% included in the criteria not achieved and in the second cycle increased to 77 and 100% artistic completeness including the tests achieved


Integrative analysis that combines genome-wide association data with expression quantitative trait analysis and network representation may illuminate causal relationships between genes and diseases. To identify causal lipid genes, we utilized genotype, gene expression, protein-protein interaction networks, and phenotype data from 5,257 Framingham Heart Study participants and performed Mendelian randomization to investigate possible mechanistic explanations for observed associations. We selected three putatively causal candidate genes (ABCA6, ALDH2, and SIDT2) for lipid traits (LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and triglycerides) in humans and conducted mouse knockout studies for each gene to confirm its causal effect on the corresponding lipid trait. We conducted the RNA-seq from mouse livers to explore transcriptome-wide alterations after knocking out the target genes. Our work builds upon a lipid-related gene network and expands upon it by including protein-protein interactions. These resources, along with the innovative combination of emerging analytical techniques, provide a groundwork upon which future studies can be designed to more fully understand genetic contributions to cardiovascular diseases.


The perspective to stimulate the regional government efficiency in the sphere of investment attraction and an entrepreneurship development has the escalating importance for Russia in the context of need to intensify new "points of growth" of national economy. An article's subject is the methodology and a technique of assessment and stimulation of the territorial management by means of the National investment rating of the Russian Federation. In the article the National investment Rating is argued as an instrument of stimulation of territorial subjects development by providing efficiency of regional management teams in the Russian Federation. To argue this proposition, in article the requirement of looking for new methods of region government' stimulation within the concept of economic deregulation is staticized; methodological and methodical bases of National Investment Rating are stated; experience of implementation of the Investment Standard and Rating for 2012–2015 is analised; the directions of development and risks for the Rating and the Standard are revealed and estimated in the context of stimulation efficiency of regional government teams. The hypothesis of a possibility to use Rating as the mechanism of assessment and stimulation of management teams efficiency in territorial subjects of the Russian Federation regardless of social and economic conditions in which the region is made. The methodology of a research is constituted: concepts of economic deregulation and stimulation of management teams activities; methods of the factorial, statistical, comparative and correlation analysis, scientific interpretation of "field" researches results.


The discrete dipole approximation(DDA) is used to investigate the optical properties of single metal nanoparticle and two dimensional(2D) arrays of metal nanoparticles.The calculation results show that the extinction spectrum is red-shifted with the increase of the particle size and the refraction index of the surrounding medium.The extinction spectrum of the 2D square arrays show very narrow plasmon line shapes and the resonant wavelength is only dependent on the period which is near the resonance wavelength of single nanoparticle.The resonance peak position and width of 2D square arrays are changed significantly when the size of the nanoparticles are varied.The resonance peak position and width of 2D rectangular arrays are modulated conveniently by changing the period in the direction of parallel and perpendicular to the incident polarization.An effectively theoretical reference in the field of optical microscopy,biological sensors and data storage is provided by the study of metal nanoparticles.


Innovation is the impetus and source of enterprise development, and the cooperatively technical innovation is become a main innovation method. It is necessary to take measure to prevent and indemnify the loss that the risk may bring. Because of the existence of the complex non-linear function mechanism between the risk factors, so the non-linear method can be used to research the keeping way and controlling mechanism of cooperatively technical innovation. At first, this paper analyzed the seeking method of enterprise cooperatively technical innovation risk, and the steps of seeking risks are presented. And then the concept of controlling risk regulation gradient is put forward, and the method of calculating risk regulation gradient is expatiated in detail. The nerve network is suitable for recognizing and simulating nonlinear system, and the wavelet transformation or the decomposition displays the good time frequency localization characteristic and the multi-criteria function, therefore the wavelet nerve network based on the wavelet decomposition and the nerve network has the good fault-tolerant ability and the non-linearity approaching performance. And based on this, a complete controlling risk model of cooperatively technical innovation is brought forward, and the algorithm of risk control model is discussed. 1. Analysis of the risk of cooperatively technical innovation By mean of seeking the risk unusual link, and then carrying on the adjustment to remarkable risk, so the risk condition may be transfer from the serious risk condition to the lower risk condition in the comparatively quick manner. We can use the risk gradually inspection method of seeking the risk unusual link, and the steps is as following: 1、Establishing a series of risk controlling point in the entire process, just as the figure 1 showing. 2、Calculating the risk of various risk controlling point t R . 3、Calculating the risk increment t t t R R − = ∆ +1 between the risk control point and carrying on the comparison, finding the maximal t ∆ , therefore, the innovation unit between the risk controlling point t and the risk controlling point 1 + t is the risk unusual link. Risk Controlling Point 1 ... ... ... ... Innovation Process Risk Controlling Point t Risk Controlling Point t+1 Risk Controlling Point n Figure 1 risk controlling point of cooperative technical innovation 2. Concept of risk control and regulation gradient of cooperatively technical innovation There does exist the complex non-linear function mechanism between the risk factors of cooperatively technical innovation, so we can use the non-linear method to research the keeping way and controlling mechanism of cooperatively technical innovation. Regarding every link of figure 1, inspecting from the system angle, must keep the investment plan of controlling risk of the link between the head and tail risk optimization and adjustment control, and obtains the most superior risk, and achieves the goal of controlling risk. This kind of coordination control pursues the smallest controlling cost of the complex system, and get the best controlling effect. Therefore, a convenient and external expression method is Eighth ACIS International Conference on Software Engineering, Artificial Intelligence, Networking, and Parallel/Distributed Computing 0-7695-2909-7/07 $25.00 © 2007 IEEE DOI 10.1109/SNPD.2007.55 591 necessary to reflect the coordinated degree and take it for the basis of harmoniously controlling. And now, we define the risk regulation elasticity of the investment: ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( t r t x t x t r t x t x t r t r E i i i i i i i i t xi ⋅ ∂ ∂ = ∆ ∆ = ( 6 , , 2 , 1 L = i , n t , , 2 , 1 L = ) (1) In the formula, ) (t ri : The risk size of the No. i risk species when the risk control investment quantity increases to ) (t xi at the link t . ) (t xi : The total quantity of risk control investment of the No. i risk species at the link t . And the relation between ) (t ri and ) (t xi is presented in formula 1. And we define ) (t ci , that expresses the influencing coefficient of risk state variable ) (t ri , ) (t ri is the No. i risk species at the link t , and it can be obtained by the followingformula.


This paper will analyse a survey on a range of firm-level case studies detailing the main de jure and de facto trade barriers that companies face in doing business in Southern Africa. Reference is made to previous studies on trade barriers within the region. The relevance of the Trade Facilitation Agreement to SADC going forward will also be assessed, following which recommendations will be made regarding the policy implications for SADC's trade agenda as well as the development impact of measures to eliminate non-tariff barriers for SADC citizens.


Recent 3D gyrokinetic and gyrofluid simulations in toroidal plasmas have demonstrated that zonal flows play a crucial role in regulating the nonlinear evolution of electrostatic drift-wave instabilities such as the ion temperature gradient (ITG) modes and, as a consequence, the level of the anomalous ion thermal transport, and that zonal flows could be spontaneously excited by ITG turbulence, suggesting parametric instability processes as the generation mechanism. Diamond et. al. have proposed the modulational instability of drift-wave turbulence ( plasmons ) in a slab-geometry treatment.


Chinese general service word research started to become one of attention focal points in the linguistics field from the mid 90's in the 20th century,but the research technique lacks the systematic summary.Under the presupposition of referring to the predecessors'achievements,this artide,will do a shallow discussion on the general service words research method.


The papers in this minitrack take the discourse of how Information Technology (IT) applications enable development objectives to take place to a new level. The contributions from the papers in this minitrack illustrate the innovative ways in which IT applications can bring about improvements in the lives of people.


Diverse classes of chemicals can induce cancer in animals and men. A review is given on laboratory detoxification of some types of chemical carcinogens and the basic principles involved in laboratory safety.

No general techniques exist for the decontamination of such substances. Effective methods for the destruction of aflatoxins, aromatic amines, chloroethers, hydrazines, N-nitrosamines and -amides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and some single substances (e.g. yperites, selected nitro compounds, azides, triazenes, dioxins, and captane, mercapto purine, thioguanine) in laboratory wastes are described. The methods preferred by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (Lyon) are especially considered.

Destruction techniques for chemical carcinogens must be efficient, complete, irreversible, rapid, reproducible, easy to perform, and the product of detoxification must be free of mutagenic and/or carcinogenic activity.


Introduction: Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) is a common sexually transmitted virus. HPV causes many diseases and the risk for many types of cancer which has been reported in both sexes, not just cervical cancer in females. However, the prevention of HPV infection is quite limited among males in Vietnam. The study is to evaluate knowledge, attitude on prevention of HPV infection among parents of male students at some junior high schools in Hue city and explore some related factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 785 parents of male students at four junior high schools in Hue city. Data were collected by direct interviews with structured questionnaire. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to identify
the related factors. Results: Participants who got good knowledge and positive attitude of HPV infection prevention accounted for 18.9% and 15.2%, respectively. Occupation, educational level of parents, number of sons and family history of HPV related diseases influenced on knowledge about HPV infection prevention. Relations with son, educational level of parents, defect/chronic disease of son and knowledge of parents were significantly associated with their attitude toward HPV infection prevention (p < 0.05). Conclusions: This study highlighted that knowledge, attitude on HPV infection prevention of the parents of male students in Hue city was still low. The health sector needs to implement comprehensive health education and communication programs to improve knowledge, attitude about prevention of HPV infection for people, especially males.
Key words: knowledge, attitude, human papilloma virus, HPV, parents, male students


Dexmedetomidine can prolong the duration of action of a local anesthetic agent, but the route of administration that is the most beneficial remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical effectiveness of caudal or intravenous dexmedetomidine administration on postoperative analgesia in children undergoing inguinal hernia repair given caudal levobupivacaine.


Demolition techniques for concrete and masonry structures. Case studies of demolition of structures, including prestressed concrete structures, nuclear power related structure, off-shore structures, chemical plants etc. Reuse, treatment and disposal of demolished concrete, stone and brick. The economics of demolition and reuse. Health and safety aspects. Codes and standards for demolition and reuse.


The study aimed at analyzing the effect of empowerment on business organization excellence at (JTC), To achieve the above goal of the study, a questionnaire was designed and distributed to a sample of (553) subjects, the study findings were: 1. The Perceptions of the respondents to the empowerment was high, and their perceptions toward business organization excellence were also high. 2. There was a statistical significant effect for the application of the concept of empowerment on the business organization excellence. The study has recommended that, the necessity of creating a healthy climate to enable the employee to apply the concept of empowerment at (JTC), and encouraging some new management practical such as team building, because of its positive effect to create and build a excellence organizations.


Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Che Private Bag PO Wits, Braamfontein, 2050, S ac.za Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory ( Energy and Materials (CNPEM), C. P. 6 E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Dept. of Civil & Chemical Engineering, U Florida 1710, South Africa Canadian Light Source, 44 Innovation Bou DST-NRF Centre of Excellence in Strong Ma the Witwatersrand, Private Bag PO Wits, Br † Electronic supplementary informa 10.1039/c6sc01597b Cite this: Chem. Sci., 2016, 7, 6815


Coastal water quality in the swimming zone at Bangsaen beach was investigated monthly during the period of Jaouary to December 199?. Water samples were collected from three stations along the beach. ft was found that the wat€r quality in Bangsaen beach was in the following ranges : temperature 25 - 3i C, salinity 26 -g4 ppt, pH ?,1 - 8,4, dissolved ox,ygen 0 - 7.1 mg/L, total coliform bacteria <2 - 16,000 MPN/too mL, faecal coliform bacteria <z - 9oo MPN/too nL. ammonia ND - 0.4b9 mg/L, nitrite ND.- o.oiz mg/L, nitrate ND - o.og9 mg/L and phosphate ND - 0.332 mg/L (ND = Non-detectable). Based on the coastal water quality standard for swimming indicated that water quality in the swimming zone at Bangsaen beach was degraded in some stations and some months because total coliform bacrena found exceeded the standard for swimming (more than 1,000 MPN/loo mL), such as, the upper Bangsaen beach found in May, July and September, the middle b€ach in May, July and September and the lower beach in May, July and November. In addition, the water quality was more degraded than the previous 2 - 3 years,


A new method intended for use with digital beamforming array control is presented. It consists of replacing the signals from failed array elements using reconstructed signals from other elements in the array. The method can be applied in the presence of a multiplicity of external noise or jamming signals to provide low sidelobe control for each signal. It involves only linear processing that must be performed at a rate compatible with the information bandwidth. The procedure can improve sidelobe against interfering signals at the expense of reduced signal-to-noise ratio compared to an error-free array.<<ETX>>


Abstract The joint spectral radius of a set of matrices is a measure of the maximal asymptotic growth rate of products of matrices in the set. This quantity appears in many applications but is known to be difficult to approximate. Several approaches to approximate the joint spectral radius involve the construction of long products of matrices, or the construction of an appropriate extremal matrix norm. In this article we present a brief overview of several recent approximation algorithms and introduce a genetic algorithm approximation method. This new method does not give any accuracy guarantees but is quite fast in comparison to other techniques. The performances of the different methods are compared and are illustrated on some benchmark examples. Our results show that, for large sets of matrices or matrices of large dimension, our genetic algorithm may provide better estimates or estimates for situations where these are simply too expensive to compute with other methods. As an illustration of this we compute in less than a minute a bound on the capacity of a code avoiding a given forbidden pattern that improves the bound currently reported in the literature.


Set in the context of an Australian software vendor for a global enterprise product, this paper explores the roles and practices that have evolved as the company scales from its already well established agile software teams, to agility at the enterprise level. With a focus on roles and practices at the program level within a Disciplined Agile Delivery framework, this study adds to the limited body of research into the process and impact of scaled agile approaches in software vendor environments.


This is a guide for how to keep goats fenced in safely. I've included a guide for installing woven wire fence and five fencing options for you to consider.


Chest Radiology: Patterns and Differential Diagnoses , by James C. Reed, 338 pp, with illus, $41.75, Chicago, Year Book Medical Publishers Inc, 1981. These are two handsome books, and they go well together. In trim language, Dr Freundlich classifies solid and cystic lesions of the chest in terms of their origin, content and x-ray configuration. He gives proper space to diseases of congenital, inflammatory, obstructive, traumatic, and embolic origin, concluding with sections of complications and differential diagnosis. At the end, he tests the reader with a series of unknown cases. His style is fluid. He does not burden us with jargon, extraneous data, or distracting footnotes. A careful perusal brought to light only one "consistent with but not diagnostic of," and the text has been combed virtually free of "rule outs." The illustrations are large and clear, each with its reason, and legends are to the point. Tomograms and computed tomographic


The Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) is considering 12 different alternatives for acquiring energy resources over the next 20 years. Each of the alternatives utilizes a full range of energy resources (e.g., coal, cogeneration, conservation, and nuclear); however, individual alternatives place greater emphases on different types of power-producing resources and employ different timetables for implementing these resources. The environmental impacts that would result from the implementation of each alternative and the economic valuations of these impacts, will be an important consideration in the alternative selection process. In this report we discuss the methods used to estimate environmental impacts from the resource alternatives. We focus on pollutant emissions rates, ground-level air concentrations of basic criteria pollutants, the acidity of rain, particulate deposition, ozone concentrations, visibility attenuation, global warming, human health effects, agricultural and forest impacts, and wildlife impacts. For this study, pollutant emission rates are computed by processing BPA data on power production and associated pollutant emissions. The assessment of human health effects from ozone indicated little variation between the resource alternatives. Impacts on plants, crops, and wildlife populations from power plant emissions are projected to be minimal for all resource alternatives.


Sustainability is often explained through three dimensions (society, economy and environment). However, such a definition currently appears to be restricted. Sustainable development often includes the energy issue. An example of realities founded on bioenergy are agro-energy districts. These realities involve all the three dimensions of sustainability, integrating also the energy dimension and fueling a potential circular economy. Based on these premises, the most affluent rural subdivision in Italy is that of wine. The wine sector has experienced a recent growth of its economic market, diverging from other agricultural activities and enlarging its cultivated surface areas. In this sense, the local landscape has also changed. Owing to the strong inclination of the wine sector in adopting sustainable strategies and measures, agro-energy districts can be the following future phase in viticulture realities as a cutting-edge business in the modern agricultural sector, implementing new strategies and opportunities.


PURPOSE:To surely secure necessary brake force even if recovery brake force lowers due to deterioration of a battery. CONSTITUTION:Deterioration of a battery 40 is detected through comparison of maximum charging amount and the opening of a vacuum pressure valve 50 is controlled depending on the deterioration B thus detected. Since hydraulic brake force can be increased by increasing the opening of the vacuum pressure valve 50 even if maximum recovery brake force lowers due to lowering of capacity for recovering power from a motor 38 caused by deterioration of the battery 40, total brake force of recovery brake and hydraulic brake can be sustained substantially at a constant level.


The absence of fish remains in archaeological sites in Moreton Bay, southeast Queensland, Australia, may be a function of recovery techniques, rather than a reflection of resource paucity and late onset of occupation, as has been posited in archaeological literature. An excavation on Peel Island in Moreton Bay was devised, in part, to test this proposition, and a 1-mm mesh screen was used to enhance recovery. But sorting this fine fraction took 20 h. In this article we outline experiments to find a more efficient and effective technique for sieving and sorting fine fraction archaeological deposits, using methods borrowed from soil science. We show how sorting time can be reduced to 2 h 30 min per 100 g sample and argue that the vast increase in knowledge about the site occurring as a result of using the very fine mesh sieve warrants the continued application of these laboratory methods.


A generation method of a driving signal for a dual-mode supply modulator (DMSM) that supplies dual dc supply voltages to a power amplifier (PA) in a 3-level envelope delta-sigma modulator (EDSM) transmitter is proposed and confirmed by simulation and measurement. This method is feasible in terms that it generates a DMSM driving signal of trackable speed by the DMSM through a real-time operation in the digital domain. Also, this method is suitable in terms that an intended relation between the DMSM driving signal and the output of a 3-level EDSM can be obtained, provided the design parameter of a lowpass delta-sigma modulator (LPDSM), out of band gain, is kept low (~1.5). And, it is also shown that this condition for the design parameter of a LPDSM is not a limitation because it does not degrade the performance of the 3-level EDSM.


When food enters the stomach, the fundus relaxes to accommodate the volume. This phenomenon has been described almost a century ago, and the mechanisms involved have been referred to as receptive relaxation, and as adaptive relaxation. Whereas receptive relaxation is vagally mediated and evoked by food passing along the oesophagus, the adaptive relaxation is initiated by gastric distension or low increases in gastric pressure and accommodates the intake of liquid or food more or less independent of external innervation. Apart from a nerve dependent component, there is the capability of the muscle itself to adapt to changes in intragastric pressure. Accommodation processes are vital for normal stomach functions and enable the stomach to handle increases in intragastric volume without proportional increases of intragastric pressures. The fundus relaxation is a well-established physiological response to accommodate food. As reported in the excellent review by de Schepper et al. in this issue of Neurogastroenterology and Motility, it is not as definitely established that this reflex may be used as a diagnostic tool in functional dyspepsia. This appears disturbing at first because it seems so obvious that abdominal complaints such as early satiety, postprandial fullness or bloating in dyspepsia must be caused by dysregulation of gastric functions. However, the lack of validation of the diagnostic utility of such measurements may not reflect on the reflex itself but may result from limitations in current techniques to evoke the right reflexes and to record components of the response. We are so driven by the temptation to link complex clinical symptoms to a single pathophysiological mechanism that we oversimplify clinical conditions and their scientific basis. For example, accommodation of the stomach is considered important in the pathophysiology of functional dyspepsia, although antral size, antroduodenal coordination and other factors may be equally important. The gastrointestinal (GI) muscle has the capacity to develop active force, that is, to contract, often in response to applied stress. This creates two kinds of forces, one arising from the passive mechanical properties of the tissue and another from the activation of the contractile apparatus of the muscle. Thus, there are both active and passive forms of forces (stress). Tone and phasic contractions are examples of active forces. Considering tone in uni-axial terms, tone in smooth muscle causes a sustained reduction in the length of the tissue under isotonic conditions (strain). In contrast, isometric conditions, which prevent strain, allow the development of maximal active stress in the tissue. Gastric smooth muscle operates in vivo mostly under isotonic conditions, being allowed to shorten with little resistance. Extensive work has been carried out to characterize tone in the gastric fundus, where relaxation mediated by non-adrenergic non-cholinergic inhibitory nerves plays a major role in establishing the reservoir function of the rostral part of the stomach. Gastric tone is measured in vivo almost exclusively by the evaluation of volume variations in an intragastric bag held at a constant low intraluminal pressure using the barostat technique. In the work by de Schepper et al., several volumetric techniques for assessment of gastric accommodation such as ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, single photon emission computed tomography, satiety drinking test, and water load test were evaluated according to their advantages, validation experiments, drawbacks, pitfalls, and potential applications. This was performed through a critical review of the literature using Medline with a broad range of key words. It is interesting, and shocking at the same time, to learn that the authors found only 47 articles of relevance. Among these articles, more than 20 did not address the advantages and disadvantages of the different volumetric techniques, but were concerned with the basic physiology of gastric accommodation and tone. Every neurogastroenterologist must be deeply disappointed about the sparse original literature in this field. De Schepper et al. found only three validated studies on the barostat and ultrasound techniques, and only five on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). From this paucity of information, one may have to conclude that many studies using the volumetric techniques were not adequately validated. It is worth noting that the reliability of the barostat, the current reference method for volumetric measurements, was tested in only one study. In addition, no data were available comparing the barostat with the Neurogastroenterol Motil (2004) 16, 271–273 doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2982.2004.00520.x


This study examines the perceptions and coping strategies of the Aamjiwnaang First Nation, which is surrounded by 'Chemical Valley', the largest complex of petrochemical plants in Canada. Analysis of in-depth interviews showed that residents perceive 'Mother Earth to be sick'; however, a strong level of community cohesion prevails, with 'place' as a significant anchor to the culture and history of the community. Residents articulated a collective sense of responsibility for the well-being of members both within and surrounding the community, whereby some residents would never leave, regardless of the toxic environment and concern for high rates of cancer and respiratory diseases among both adults and children. Residents employed action-focused coping strategies such as 'indoor evacuation' and the 'Cop-sniff test', and emotional coping strategies including blocking out the effects of 'Chemical Valley' by frequently ignoring warning sirens from industry. The results call on the need for a collaborative environmental planning intervention involving clear community participation. Findings suggest the need for an indoor recreational facility for both children and adults, and a graded warning system.


Nutrient emissions by point and diffuse sources were estimated for 388 sub-catchments of the Danube river basin for the period 1998-2000 by means of the Model MONERIS. For nitrogen total emissions of 684 kt/a N were estimated for the Danube basin. 80% of these emissions were caused by diffuse sources (mainly groundwater, urban areas and tile drainage). For phosphorus the emission was 57 kt/a P, with a contribution of diffuse sources to this sum of 58%. The comparison of calculated and observed loads shows that the mean deviation for the investigated sub catchments of the Danube river basin is 20% for dissolved inorganic nitrogen and 34% for phosphorus. The spatial resolution of the emission calculations allows the identification of regional hot spots and the derivation of specific regional measures to reduce the emissions into the Danube and consequently into the Western Black Sea. INTRODUCTION The Danube river basin covers an area of about 802,890 km2 and includes thirteen countries (small portions of five other countries also belong to the watershed) with a total population of 83 million people. The Danube is the largest river discharging into the Black Sea, with an average annual outflow of 6800 m3/s. It also provides the highest sediment and nitrogen load (Jaoshvili, 2002; GEF, 1996). The nutrient discharges increased manifold from the early sixties up to the late eighties (Somlyody et al., 1999) causing the eutrophication of rivers and, especially, the Western Black Sea and its coastal areas, which are strongly influenced by the Danube. Effective measures to reduce nutrient inputs needs the knowledge of quantities, sources and regional distribution within the sub-basins. The nutrient state of a river system depends on natural characteristics, the level and structure of the nutrient emitted into the river system, caused by both geogenic background and anthropogenic activities. The analysis of the present state of input and load at different scales within the river basin is an important prerequisite for deriving quality criteria and management plans.Estimations of nutrient emissions in the Danube river basin have been carried out at a national level using different databases and methods (EU/AR102A91, 1997; Haskoning, 1994). A highlighted shortcoming of the improved emissions estimates is the approach for quantification of the fluxes is not the same of all countries involved (Zessner and Gils, 1999). The main objectives of the present study were: (i) to develop harmonised modelling tools for quantification of nutrient emissions (nitrogen and phosphorus) from point and diffuse sources into surface waters of a large international river system at a catchment scale, (ii) to identify the regional distribution of nutrient influx in relation to input pathways and river basins, (iii) to compare the emissions and immissions for investigated river basins and quantification of retention within the surface waters, and (iv) to assess the potential of different management options to reduce nutrient loads. This paper discusses selected results and problems related to these aspects of research. METHODS The model MONERIS (MOdelling Nutrient Emissions into RIver Systems) was applied to estimate the nutrient inputs by point and diffuse sources into the Danube River. This GIS oriented model was developed for the estimation of nutrient inputs by various point and diffuse sources into German river basins larger than 500 km2 (Behrendt et al., 2000; Behrendt et al., 2002). The basic input into the mo del are data on discharges, data on water quality and a Geographical Information System integrating digital maps and statistical information for different administrative levels. Whereas inputs from municipal wastewater treatment plants and industrial discharges enter the river system directly, diffuse nutrient inputs arise Diffuse Pollution Conference Dublin 2003 9A Transboundary: 9-19 from a number of different pathways (see Figure 1). Distinction among the inputs from the different runoff components is necessary because the nutrient concentrations within the runoff components and the processes within these runoff components are different. Consequently, MONERIS takes seven pathways into account: point sources, atmospheric deposition, erosion, surface runoff, groundwater, tile drainage and paved urban areas. Figure 1: Pathways and processes in MONERIS. Along the pathway from the source of the emission into the river, substances are governed by manifold processes of transformation, retention and loss. To quantify and forecast the nutrient inputs in relation to their source requires knowledge of these transformation and retention processes. The use of a Geographical Information System allows a re gional differentiated quantification of nutrient emissions into river systems. Therefore, estimates were not only carried out for large river basins. Within the present study the estimations were performed with the same methodology for 388 catchments, with minor adaptations of the MONERIS model, within the whole Danube river basin. The size of the catchments varies between 70 km2 to 10,000 km2. The calculation was done for the time period 1998 to 2000. Information used for the emission calculations were derived by GIS-analysis, from digital maps such as land use, elevation, soil types, hydrogeology, administrative boundaries, river net and boundaries of sub-catchments within the Danube basin. Maps on land use intensity, indicated by nitrogen surplus for example, were created on an administrative level by linking statistical data with the best available resolution, respectively. Information on municipal waste water treatment plants and direct industrial discharges were also implemented in the GIS. The results of calculations are presented aggregated for the major sub-basins grouped according to the International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River (ICPDR, 2000) (Figure 2). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The total phosphorus (P) emissions into the Danube river basin were about 57,220 t/a P in the period 1998-2000 (Table 1). These were dominated by point sources, which accounted for 42% of the total phosphorus emissions. Ero sion (32%), urban areas (15%) and groundwater (8.5%) were the main diffuse sources of P in the Danube basin. The other pathways, Diffuse Pollution Conference Dublin 2003 9A Transboundary: 9-20 atmospheric deposition, tile drainage and surface runoff, contribute together only about 3% to the total phosphorus emissions. Fig. 2: Major sub-basins in the Danube river basin according to the ICPDR. Table 1: Nutrient emissions by point and diffuse sources into the Danube river basin in the period 1998-2000. EGw EDr EDep EEro ERo EUrb EPoint Sum t/yr 4860 410 60


The linear and nonlinear optical properties of Ge-implanted fused-silica were examined and compared with Au- and Si-implanted samples. Samples as-implanted with 1.0 MeV Ge ions to a fluence of 3 {times} 10{sup 17} Ge.cm{sup {minus}2} exhibited relatively large non-linearities, {vert_bar}n{sub 2}{vert_bar} {le}5 {times} 10{sup {minus}12} cm{sup 2}/W, and fast relaxation times, {approximately}1ps. In contrast, samples implanted with comparable fluences of Au ions exhibited smaller non-linearities, {vert_bar}n{sub 2}{vert_bar} {approximately}1 {times} 10{sup {minus}13} cm{sup 2}/W, and slower response times, {ge}10 ps. The non-linearity for Ge was much larger than that for samples as-implanted with Si.


The relation between empathy and aesthetic experience has been stated early in empirical aesthetics. Aesthetic empathy means the ability to take the perspective of an artwork´s depicted content or form. Nowadays, empathy defines the ability to infer other persons´ mental states and feelings. In this study, we investigated the relationship between empathy and aesthetic response and aesthetic inference abilities. Subjects judged twenty-four visual artworks on an affective, a cognitive, and a beauty dimension, in a Self- and Other-assessment. We analyzed these data in relation to self-judged empathy on four dimensions: emotional and cognitive empathy in fictitious and in real-world situations. Additionally, we considered gender differences in empathy and aesthetic response. Results show (gender-specific) correlations between empathy and aesthetic response and aesthetic inference abilities. This supports the assumption that empathy assists to adopt the perspective of visual artworks as well as to infer the aesthetic preferences of other people.


In higher eukaryotes, the efficiency of start codon selection depends upon its sequence context A/GxxAUGG, especially at the −3 and +4 position. However, S. cerevisiae prefers AAA/UAUGU sequence context surrounding the AUG start codon. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the first AUG codon on the mRNA serves as a signal for ribosomal recognition of the initiation site selection. In yeast, the G31R mutation in eIF5 shows Suppressor of initiation codon (Sui−) phenotype enabling 40S ribosome to initiate at UUG start codon. To understand whether the UUG codon recognition by the eIF5G31R mutant is sensitive to the sequence context, we made different HIS4-LacZ reporter constructs with UUG as start codon and changed the sequence context at −3 and −2 positions. The HIS4UUG-LacZ transcripts that carry purine (A/G) at the −3-position showed better ß-Galactosidase activity than pyrimidine (U/C). Furthermore, on changing the −1 position for the AAA context, we discovered purines are more preferred at the −1 position for the UUG start codon selection.


The growing demand for transportation has brought even larger quantities of traffic in spatially limited port areas. Considering a diverse traffic mix, infrastructural overcapacity and busy schedule, port communities have started to face possible degradation of safety and environmental standards. To mitigate these problems, a number of different monitoring solutions of marine environment were deployed. Since conventional environmental and traffic data gathering by physical monitoring and sampling was logistically complicated and inefficient in time and resources, different approaches had to be considered. With the rise of accessible Internet of Things (IoT) technology some ports already installed smart monitoring devices such as smart buoys. The goal of this paper is to examine the concept and benefits of an automated smart buoy as a cost effective, easy to install device capable of real-time remote information sharing. Furthermore, the design and operational processes of existing automated smart buoy will be presented, along with solutions for tackling navigational safety and environmental problems. http://www.transnav.eu the International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation Volume 15


In some post-war years, stock changes., through their effect on the level of imports, have been a major cause of balance of payments fluctuations. They have been important again during the past year (see page 5). From statistics of supplies, disposals and stocks of individual commodities, we have therefore tried to separate changes in imports due directly to stock changes from those due to changes in the actual usage of imported commodities. The resulting figures of stock changes are given in table 11 of the Statistical Appendix, where they can be compared with figures of imports.


Physiology
The vascular remodeling that occurs in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is eventually fatal because it leads to right ventricular heart failure. PAH induces the unfolded protein response (UPR) in vascular smooth muscle cells, which led Shimizu et al. to investigate the role of the UPR kinase PERK in disease pathology. Genetic ablation or pharmacological inhibition of PERK limited vascular remodeling in two different mouse models of PAH, preventing mice from developing right ventricular heart failure and improving survival.

Sci. Signal. 14 , eabb3616 (2021).


Objective To compare the effect of pericardial devascularization with that of the modified Sugiura procedure in management of portal hypertension. Methods From 1990 to 2008, 236patients with portal hypertension underwent operations including pericardial devascularization in 147and modified Sugiura in 89 in our hospital. Results There were 12 perioperative deaths (8.2 % ), and 2 rebleedings (2 % ) in the pericardial devascularization group, and 7 perioperative deaths (7.9 % ) and 2 rebleedings(3.4 % ) in the modified Sugiura group. The follow-up rate was 91.9 % in the pericardial devascularization group and 87.8% in the modified Sugiura group respectively, in a period from 6 months to 19 years. The 1-, 3-and 5-year rebleeding rates were 5.7%,15.2% and 25.5% in the pericardial devascularization group and 6.9%, 16.3%, 29.5 % in the modified Sugiura group, respectively. The 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates were 87.8% ,79.1% and 69.7% in the pericardial devascularization group and 95.8 %,85.0%, 76.9 % in the modified Sugiura group, respectively. Conclusion Modified Sugiura procedure and pericardial devascularization have differences in perioperative mortality as well as rebleeding and survival rates.

Key words:
Hypertension, portal;  Pericardial devascularization;  Modified Sugiura procedure


Adenovirus, detection and localization of goose adenovirus in experimentally infected goslings, 167 identification of a novel member of the genus Siadenovirus in two psittacine species, 413 Adhesion factors, screening of encoding genes in Staphylococcus aureus isolates, 513 Alectoris rufa, nervous signs associated with Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale infection, 341 Amazona autumnalis salvini, endocarditis due to Lactobacillus jensenii, 55 Anas platyrhynchos, characterization of influenza H5N1 viruses of differing pathogenicity, 457 identification of Riemerella anatipestifer genes differentially expressed in infected duck livers, 321 infection studies with two highly pathogenic strains in Pekin ducks, 267 surveillance for avirulent viruses in live bird markets in Eastern China, 377 transmission of H6N2 from chickens, 59 viral load after infection with duck hepatitis B virus by different doses and routes, 129 Anser anser, detection and localization of goose adenovirus in experimentally infected goslings, 167 haemorrhagic nephritis and enteritis, protection by a recombinant subunit vaccine, 233 indirect ELISA evaluation after vaccination of ducks and geese with Newcastle disease virus, 89 salpingitis associated with a mycoplasma infection, 239 Astrovirus, detection of chicken astrovirus by reverse-transcriptase PCR, 293 identification of three enterovirus-like viruses of chickens and duck hepatitis viruses type 2 and type 3 as astroviruses, 21 seroprevalence of chicken astrovirus, 301 Avian bornavirus, distribution in parrots, occurrence in healthy birds and antibody detection, 491 in psittacine birds with proventricular dilatation disease, histopathology and detection, 393 Avian coronavirus, see also infectious bronchitis virus shedding of turkey coronavirus and antibody responses after experimental infection of turkey poults, 181 pathogenic turkey coronavirus isolate, negative effects on growth performance and intestinal morphology of poults, 279 Avian encephalomyelitis virus in reared pheasants, 251 Avian influenza virus, avian influenza viruses in poultry products, Review article, 193 analysis of H5N1 infections from wild birds in Hong Kong, 107 characterization of H5N1 viruses of differing pathogenicity in mallard ducks, 457 inactivation in poultry products using electron beam irradiation, 245 infection studies with two highly pathogenic strains in Pekin ducks, 267 isolation of H5N1 from bustards and falcons, 35 receptors in respiratory and intestinal tracts of pigeons, 263 resistance of H7 subtype to prolonged exposure at 378C, 519 suppression of vaccinal protection in chickens by reticuloendotheliosis virus, 31 transmission of H6N2 from chickens to ducks and quail, 59 Avian leukosis virus, simultaneous infection of chickens with subgroup J and reticuloendotheliosis virus, 443 Avian pneumovirus, plus Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale infection in turkey poults, efficacy of enrofloxacin treatment regimens, 287 role of passively transferred antibodies in turkeys, 427 Avian pox, Cutaneous form of infection in peafowl, 65 in a white-tailed sea eagle, 485 in young and breeder canaries, 311 squamous cell carcinoma with pox-like inclusions in a pelican, 229 unusual pathology of canary poxvirus infection associated with high mortality, 311 Avibacterium paragallinarum, identification of ironacquisition proteins, 209


Modern instrumental methods used to determine the composition, microstructure and surface structure should respond to increasingly complex problems material testing requirements, in order to meet the increasingly strict technical conditions of receiving and using materials, and therefore the delivery of the finished product. In the aviation industry, with regard to the chemical composition of materials, the requirements have been extended to a significantly larger number of parameters: to "impurities", to trace elements, to micro alloying components, to local, as well as to structural and phase analysis. In this sense, requirements such as: accuracy of determination; determination of low concentrations (traces); duration of the analysis; simultaneous determination of a number of elements under the same experimental conditions; microanalysis (below 1 micron), i.e. testing at small locations are inviolable.


The E-reading room of school library has higher requirements for network security.From aspects of the system,management,and technology,etc.,this paper puts forward some measures for guaranteeing the network security of E-reading room of school library.


Empowering the women in literary context has always taken the academia on storm. The latent desire of authors and scholars to see an egalitarian world has been channelised in contextualising the female self-sureness in their authors characterisation. However, women characters of mainstream society have gained acclaimed acknowledgement way before than the ones belonging to the marginal communities. The belief that Tribal women are less participative and contributively less active in tribal ecriture has reigned the scholastic views. Such perception has changed its course in post-colonial era and the tribal women have found their voice in their characterisation. The present article challenges the resigned perceivability of the Santhal women and maps on how they have been empowered by the sole Santhal writer writing in English, Hansda Sowvendra Shekhar. He aces up to bring them to the frontier. Wide array of women characters from various socio-economic framework, within the Santhal community, form the content of his discussion. The concerned Santhal community has never seen such textual presentation of their women in broader platform and the Anglophone contemporary writer, Hansda, is instrumental in his competence of writing his texts in English to reach out to the vast range of audience


1,2,3Student, Dept. of IT Engineering, NMIMS College, Maharashtra, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract Looking at the current scenario there are huge risks involved for Banks to provide Loans. So as to reduce their capital loss; banks should assess and analyse credibility of the individual before sanctioning loan. In the absence of this process there are many chances that this loan may turn in to bad loan in near future. Due to the advanced technology associated with Data mining, data availability and computing power, most banks are renewing their business models and switching to Machine Learning methodology. Credit risk prediction is key to decision-making and transparency. In this review paper, we have discussed classifiers based on Machine and deep learning models on real data in predicting loan default probability. The most important features from various models are selected and then used in the modelling process to test the stability of binary classifiers by comparing their performance on separate data.