............................................................................................................................................8 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................................9 REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE.....................................................................................................10 1. GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR β SUPERFAMILY.................................................................................................................................10 1.1. Historical background ..............................................................................................................10 1.2. Biosynthesis and structural properties of TGFβ family members............................................11 1.3. The discovery of TGFβ receptors ............................................................................................11 1.3.1. Mammalian type II serine/threonine kinases.....................................................................12 1.3.2. Mammalian type I serine/threonine kinases......................................................................12 1.3.3. Functional characteristics of the type I and II receptors....................................................14 1.4. Additional TGFβ family member binding proteins .................................................................14 1.4.1. Type III receptors..............................................................................................................14 1.4.2. Other binding proteins ......................................................................................................15 1.5. Intracellular signaling molecules .............................................................................................15 1.5.1. The Smad family...............................................................................................................15 1.5.2. Principles for Smad activation ..........................................................................................16 1.5.3. Other signaling cascades activated by TGFβ family members .........................................18 1.6. Null mice models of ser/thr kinases and Smads.......................................................................18 1.7. Ser/thr kinase receptor and Smad involvement in human disease............................................18 1.7.1. Tumorigenesis...................................................................................................................18 1.7.2. Other disorders..................................................................................................................18 2. BONE MORPHOGENETIC PROTEINS, RECEPTORS AND SMADS IN THE MAMMALIAN OVARY ..............................................................................................................................................21 2.1. General characteristics of ovarian function..............................................................................21 2.1.1. Early stages of follicular development..............................................................................21 2.1.2. Later stages of follicular development ..............................................................................21 2.1.3. The end of the follicular lifespan ......................................................................................22 2.1.4. Ovarian steroid hormone production.................................................................................23 2.2. Expression of BMPs in the mammalian ovary.........................................................................23 2.2.1. Expression of BMP receptors in the mammalian ovary....................................................24 2.2.2. Smad expression in the mammalian ovary........................................................................24 2.3. Animal models showing involvement of BMPs for ovarian function......................................25 2.4. Biological effects of recombinant BMPs in the ovary .............................................................25 3. OVARIAN INHIBINS AND THE REGULATION OF OVARIAN INHIBIN SUBUNIT EXPRESSION ....................................................................................................................................27 3.1. Historical background of inhibins ............................................................................................27 3.2. Intraovarian effects of inhibin..................................................................................................28 3.3. Inhibin receptors ......................................................................................................................28 3.4. Assays for determination of dimeric inhibins ..........................................................................28 3.5. Inhibin subunit mRNA expression in the rat ovary..................................................................29 3.5.1. Dimeric inhibin levels during the rat estrus cycle .............................................................29 3.6. Inhibin subunit expression in the human and primate ovaries .................................................29 3.6.1. Dimeric inhibin levels during the human menstrual cycle ................................................30 3.7. In vitro regulation of inhibin subunit expression .....................................................................30 AIMS OF THE STUDY........................................................................................................................32 -Local Regulators of Inhibin Production in Ovarian Granulosa Cells 5 MATERIALS AND METHODS .........................................................................................................33 1. Human granulosa-luteal cells......................................................................................................33 2. Rat granulosa cells ......................................................................................................................33 3. MIN6 cells ..................................................................................................................................33 4. 293T cells....................................................................................................................................33 5. In vitro treatment of cells ............................................................................................................34 6. Recombinant adenoviruses .........................................................................................................34 7. Transfection of rat granulosa cells ..............................................................................................34 8. RNA extraction and preparation of filters...................................................................................34 9. Preparation of cDNA probes and hybridizations ........................................................................35 10. Western blotting........................................................................................................................35 11. Protein content ..........................................................................................................................35 12. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)........................................................................35 13. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) ................................................................................36 14. ALK7 cDNA cloning ................................................................................................................36 15. Statistical methods ....................................................................................................................36 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION ...........................................................................................................37 1. CHROMOSOMAL MAPPING OF HUMAN ACTIVIN TYPE II RECEPTORS, FOLLISTATIN AND ALK7 (I AND II) ......................................................................................................................37 1.1. Activin receptor type II (ACVRII)...........................................................................................37 1.2. Activin receptor type IIB (ACVRIIB) .....................................................................................37 1.3. Follistatin (FST).......................................................................................................................38 1.4. Activin receptor-like kinase 7 (ALK7) ....................................................................................38 2. SEARCH FOR NOVEL SERINE/THREONINE KINASE RECEPTORS (II)..............................38 2.1. Cloning and characterization of ALK7 ....................................................................................38 2.2. Ovarian ALKs..........................................................................................................................39 3. EXPRESSION OF SERINE/THREONINE KINASE RECEPTORS AND SMADS IN HUMAN GRANULOSA-LUTEAL CELLS (III AND IV)................................................................................40 3.1. Ser/thr kinases..........................................................................................................................40 3.2. Smads.......................................................................................................................................41 4. STIMULATION OF INHIBIN PRODUCTION IN HUMAN GRANULOSA-LUTEAL CELLS BY BONE MORPHOGENETIC PROTEINS (III) ............................................................................41 5. OVEREXPRESSION OF ALKS AND SMADS IN HUMAN GRANULOSA-LUTEAL CELLS STIMULATES INHIBIN B PRODUCTION (IV) ......


The definition of governmental leading role in socialism village reconstruction only means the central government and provincial governments which master rich human resources and assets,which is a misguidance for grass-root governments to correctly position their duty in socialism village reconstruction and which is quite possible to cause the emergence of park will in socialism village reconstruction.Home will which is formed naturally when peasants participate in new village construction is the reflection of subjective ideology of the peasants' basic subjectivity position.Correct recognition of the subjectivity,essence,feature and limitation of the two wills is the key to rationalizing the relationship between governments and peasants in the process of socialism village reconstruction.


The record producer has played an extensive role in the development of music aesthetics since the 1950's yet has remained virtually anonymous, save for a few notable
exceptions. In this time, producers have developed an art form that exists within the design, capture and rendering of sound. This art form is distinct from the music composition and performance and should receive appropriate acknowledgment. This paper identifies the defining factors of art. These elements are explored through theoretical and practical discussions to establish the artistic contributions of the producer.
Through the use of technique - the producer's craft in recording technology, and through the use of form - the producer's design of various layers of recording from
composition to mastering, they control the artistic outcomes of the record, which ultimately impact aesthetically on the listener. Therefore the producer is indeed an artist.


[Objective] To evaluate the effect of salviamiltiorrhiza injiection for prevention of deep vein thrombosis after top hip replace. [Methods] After being retrospectively analyzed all the 88 cases of THA in the hospital from 2001 January to 2005 February, divided into 2 groups in random, group of salviamiltiorrhiza injiection 44 cases, average age was(63.8±4.2); control group 44 cases, average age was (64.5±5.3). Patients were injected respectively salviamiltiorrhiza injiection and low molecule heparin before 3 day pre-operation. [Results] 7 cases DVT in group of salviamiltiorrhiza injiection, incidence rate was 15.9%; 9 cases DVT in control group , incidence rate was 20.5%. There are no significant difference (P 0.05). [Conclusions] Salviamiltiorrhiza injiection can prevent incidence of deep vein thrombosis after top hip replace.


Lattice independence and strong lattice independence of a set of pattern vectors are fundamental mathematical properties that lie at the core of pattern recognition applications based on lattice theory. Specifically, the development of morphological associative memories robust to inputs corrupted by random noise are based on strong lattice independent sets, and real world problems, such as, autonomous endmember detection in hyperspectral imagery, use auto-associative morphological memories as detectors of lattice independence. In this paper, we present a unified mathematical framework that develops the relationship between different notions of lattice independence currently used in the literature. Computational procedures are provided to test if a given set of pattern vectors is lattice independent or strongly lattice independent; in addition, different techniques are fully described that can be used to generate sets of vectors with the aforementioned lattice properties.


Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum, Schum.) is one o f the forages with high potential for dairy systems in tropical areas. However, farmers using this grass usually report a decrease in soil fertility and fast grass maturation, effects that reduce its advantages. These problems support the need for detailed information on the interaction between Napier grass growth, development and crop management. The goal o f this study was to determine the growth dynamics, sward structure and forage quality o f Napier grass under different levels o f manure fertilization and cutting frequencies in Bolivia. The characteristics o f Napier grass pastures were evaluated in a period o f 180 days during summer and autumn. The main treatments consisted in the application o f manure at rates o f 0, 15, 30 and 60 t DM h a '1. Aboveground biomass was measured at three different cutting intervals: 30, 45 and 60-days, resulting in six, four and three cuttings, respectively. The 60-days cutting interval had the best performance for total biomass production. The biomass production, as a function o f the three fertilizer treatments (15, 30 and 60 t ha' 1 o f manure), was 354, 405 and 381 kg DM per ton o f applied manure. Plant structural and morphological variables showed significant differences (p<0.01 and p<0.05) between treatments. It can be concluded from this study that Napier grass crop response to manure fertilizer shows that manure recycling could be a strategy technically and economically viable to produce forage while maintaining the soil fertility.


We study the development of bargaining behavior in children age seven through 18, using ultimatum and dictator games. We find bargaining behavior changes substantially with age and that most of this change appears to be related to changes in preferences for fairness, rather than bargaining ability. Younger children make smaller dictator proposals than older children do, and they also make and accept smaller ultimatum proposals. Even young children seem to be quite strategic in their behavior. Boys claim to be more aggressive bargainers than girls do, but they are not. We also find a relative height effect: within each experimental group, shorter girls make much larger dictator offers. Since sex and height are correlated, height alone explains part of the sex effects. We argue that the existence of systematic differences in bargaining behavior across age supports the argument that culture is a determinant of economic behavior, and suggests that people acquire this culture during childhood. We argue that the height differences indicate that forces other than culture, in the usual sense of the word, are also important. Acknowledgments: We thank the children, teachers and administrators of the Coquille and Myrtle Point, Oregon public school districts for their assistance, without which this research would have been impossible. This research was supported by a grant from the NSF. CHILDREN'S BARGAINING BEHAVIOR


Blood circulating in all living organisms carries with it the ability to maintain a constant flow but to thicken and cease to flow when a lesion occurs in the tissue. This phenomenon, known as blood coagulation, is a primary event in one of the biological defense systems of an organism. No animal species has yet been described in which plasma coagulates without some contribution from cells: including platelets, thrombocytes and amebocytes. Endothelial cells also participate in regulating the rate of coagulation reaction and in lysing the fibrin clot. Hemostatic reactions can be roughly divided into two stages (Fig. 1): one (primary hemostasis) in which the cellular components take part. and the other (secondary hemostasis). in which plasma factors participate. Cell adhesion and agglutination and release of cellular components are biological reactions indispensable for primary hemostasis as well as for triggering secondary hemostasis (1). In mammals. numerous plasma factors and tissue-derived protein factors, cofactors, serine proteases, phospholipids and calcium ions participate in the process of secondary hemostasis (2-5). In 1961, Heilbrunn suggested that plasma clotting in higher animals is the result of a progressive evolutionary extension into the plasma of the cytoplasmic sol-gel mechanism which is present in cells of all the living organisms and underlies such basic reactions as protoplasmic streaming. amoeboid movement, phagocytosis, muscle contraction and cell division (6). However. since knowledge of mechanisms of blood clotting and wound sealing in primitive animals is mostly morphological (7-lo), little is known of the biochemistry. Nevertheless, currently available knowledge permits selection of specific examples which support Heilbrunn's idea (6) in Limulidae (11) and Crustacea (12). For instance. in the horseshoe crab. Linzulus (L.) polyplzemus and Tachjp le~ ls (T.) tridentatus. the clottable protein exists in a specific granule of amebocytes (11.13.14). When these cells contact an activating surface. the protein is released into the surrounding fluid where it forms an insoluble clot. Thus. a hemolymph plasma clot is formed without the participation of plasma factors, unlike events in the mammaiian clotting system. In contrast. in Crustacea such as lobsters. crabs and crayfish. a clottable protein known as vitrogenin-like substance is present in the plasma (14): it is converted to its insoluble form by a cellular transglutaminase released from certain hemocytcs, when they are activated by a foreign surface (12,15). Therefore. hemocytes in circulating blood always have a role in plasma coagulation and there is an apparent evolutionary increase in the number of plasma factors involved in the hemostatic reaction. These extra clotting factors amplify the reaction. thereby increasing its potential activity to meet the demand imposed by the increased circulatory efficiency and higher blood pressure in the more advanced vertebrates. Evidence of a direct evolutionary pathway from invertebrates to vertebrates would mean an intracellular origin for clottable protein and its coagulants and indeed, biochemical studies on limulus clotting reactions support this thesis (16). This short paper will focus on recent advances in our knowledge of limulus clotting factors. especially in comparison with mammalian clotting factors. and of antimicrobial substances participating in biological defense systems.


Abstract The problem of the state estimation of nonlinear quadratic systems is addressed in this paper. Given an assigned polytopic region of the state space, which is enclosed into the domain of attraction of the zero equilibrium point, the main result consists of a sufficient condition for the existence of an observer which guarantees that the estimation error converges to zero, with an assigned rate, over such a prescribed region. The problem of the observer design is tackled in terms of a Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMIs) feasibility problem. Finally, the applicability of the proposed technique is discussed and illustrated through a numerical example.


In the relatively short period of ten years, the television broadcasting industry has achieved a phenomenal growth. It is estimated that over 40 million families in the United States now have one or more television sets' for which they have invested approximately $21.o billion in their purchase and maintenance.2 The latest figures show that each television family averages slightly over five hours a day watching television.3 The universality of television is further evidenced by the fact that 99.2 per cent of United States families live in areas which are within range of at least one television signal.4 More than eight out of ten United States families actually have television sets, and 97 per cent of these television homes have a choice of two or more signals, while 79 per cent have a choice of four or more signals. The average television home has a choice of 5.4 different signals.5 As of August i, I957, there were 477 commercial television stations actually in operation,6 all but a relative handful of which were affiliated with one or more of the three nationwide television networks.7


Dear Editors, An increase in the proportion of hypochromic red blood cells occurs in patients with iron deficiency, beta-thalassemia, and chronic disease. Iron deficiency is the consequence of depleted iron stores, while chronic diseases, such as infection, malignancy, and autoimmune disease, lead to reduced incorporation of iron into erythroid precursors despite adequate body iron stores. Since the life span of the RBC is 120 days, the presence of hypochromic red blood cells attests to a functional iron deficiency over a several-month period and thereby, may be a neglected marker for patient frailty. In a previous study, we found that a higher proportion of hypochromic cells was the single best predictor of hospital mortality. The objective of the present study is to determine whether we can reduplicate this finding in another cohort and whether increased proportions of hypochromic cells independently predict not only mortality, but also prolonged hospitalizations, and readmissions within 30 days of discharge in patients with and without anemia. The study population included all acutely admitted adult patients in 2020 and January–October 2021 to the three internal medicine departments at the Laniado Hospital, a regional hospital with 400 beds in Israel. Patients admitted electively or to intensive care units were not included. Variables: The dependent variables were death during the hospitalization, a prolonged hospitalization (7 days or more), and readmission within 30 days in those discharged from the hospital. The main independent variable was the proportion of hypochromic cells, binned arbitrarily into three groups before the analysis: ≤4.5% considered to be in the reference range by the manufacturer, 4.6%–9.9%, and 10% or more. Secondary independent variables were age, female sex, a urinary catheter placed in the emergency department, a permanent urinary catheter, nurses' assessment if the patient was bedridden before hospitalization, a laboratory index that included admission basic CBC, liver function tests, albumin, alkaline phosphatase, electrolytes, glucose, creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen test values shown to predict mortality with a c-statistic of 0.87. Instrument: We used the ADVIA 2020i analyzer (Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Federal Republic of Germany). In addition to the parameters commonly measured by analyzers, the ADVIA also calculates the proportion of hypochromic microcytic cells. The technology for the ADVIA and the CELL-DYN Sapphire analyzer is based on multiangle laser light scattering by single cells and sphered RBC. Hypochromic cells are those with a cellular hemoglobin concentration of <280 g/L. Analysis: We used univariate logistic regression analyses of the association between hypochromic cells and the other secondary independent variables. Next, we used logistic regression to determine the odds ratio for hypochromic cells in predicting the three outcome variables with and without adjustment for the secondary variables. All variables associated with hypochromic cells were forced into the models. We considered those with an MCV≥80 and a hemoglobin concentration of 12 g/L or more separately. Of the 12 225 admissions, there were 10 patients with a missing value for hypochromic cells and they were excluded. Of the remaining 12 215, the mean age was 72 ± 18 years, the proportion of women


In this work optimal working conditions were established for the determination of trace levels of lead on hanging mercury drop electrode with Ammonium pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (APDC) as a preconcentrating agent in acetate buffer media using square wave anodic stripping voltammetry. The optimized experimental conditions include pH, APDC concentration, accumulation time, accumulation potential, scan rate, pulse amplitude and SW frequency on the voltammetric response were studied. A linear relationship between the peak current and lead concentration was obtained over the rang (5-40 ppb ) with correlation coefficient of 0.99911. Detection limits of 0.89 ppb was obtained with standard deviation of 0.03706. The interference by metal ions which are of great significance in real matrices have been studied. The formation of complex formed between lead and APDC was investigated using both of SWASV and cyclic voltammetry technique. The method was successfully applied for the determination of lead in tap water samples. [M. A. Morsi, A. M. A. Hilmy, H. A. Etman, A. M. A. Ouf, and M. G. Elghalban. Determination of Lead by Square Wave Adsorptive Stripping Voltammetery Using Ammonium Pyrrolidine Dithiocarbamate. Journal of American Science 2011;7(6):1173-1179].(ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.americanscience.org.


This paper has comprehensively summarized the technical research progress in the technology of inland digital waterway and has briefly demonstrated the application of primary technological results in the planning, construction, maintenance, management and services of national high-class waterway networks, such as the Yangtze River, Xijiang River, Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canned, etc., from over four aspects namely, waterway element monitoring, waterway data, waterway maintenance management and public service of waterway information, in consideration of today's development and trends of inland waterway both at home and abroad, and in accordance with the structural level of the technology of inland digital waterway. It has pointed out the overall demands for the development of the technology from the prospective of orderly pushing forward the development of inland digital waterway and connecting the demands of upgrading of inland river transportation, and based on the gap of analyzing it has discovered technical bottleneck in aspects of the perception, data, maintenance and management, public service of waterway information. The technology is capable of being applied to the planning and building of China's inland digital waterway, technology selection of operation maintenance as well as selection of the research direction of the technology.


Biological dosimetry of radiation exposures was performed in 21 persons who received an overexposure to radiation in several radiation accidents during 1980-1996 in China. Based on the frequencies of dicentrics and rings the individual dose was estimated. Long-term follow-up studies have been carried out on five of the moderate and high dose exposed victims. The automated karyotype analysis system and the FISH technique have been established. The application of FISH for a dose-response relationship for translocations after irradiation with 60 Co γ rays has been performed.


The photodouble ionization of water at about 32 eV excess energy has been investigated both experimentally and theoretically. In an energy and angular resolved photoelectron–photoelectron coincidence experiment, the two photoelectrons in unequal energy sharing (25 and 7 eV) condition, have been detected in a plane perpendicular to the propagation direction of the linearly polarized radiation. The measured angular distributions have been compared with, molecular orientation averaged, triple differential cross sections calculated with a recently developed theoretical model (Randazzo et al 2020 Phys. Rev. A 101 033407). The model uses separable products of orbitals as initial electronic state of the water molecule taken as a two-electron target and describes accurately the correlated two electron continuum. The combination of calculated cross sections corresponding to different dication states capture most of the measured features in terms of the evolution of both the shape and the intensity as a function of the faster electron direction which is set at 0°, 30° and 60° with respect to the polarization vector ε⃗ of the incident radiation. A detailed analysis in terms of the different dication states as well as of the partial wave contributions to the electron pair wave function sheds light on the origin of such features.


Paper presents an overview of history and current research state on the use of remote sensing data from space to recognize roads for the regional projects in the forestry. We reviewed the principles of road detection on the optical satellite imagery. Group of direct recognition features used in combinations such as brightness and texture, geometry and brightness. Three research directions with examples were identified: visual roads recognition, use of special software and libraries for developers, and neural networks. For the road network detection we have described methods and software, type and spatial resolution of imagery. Road image recognition based on the optical survey from the open and commercial sources, machine learning methods and neural networks. Up-to-date tasks of road recognition are the following: evaluation of road surface condition, modeling of existing roads location, designing and building new roads, roads seasonality. A functional summary of MapFlow plugin for road recognition in Open Source QGIS is given. Paper is a part of regional forestry transport modeling project to access the forest fires and forest resources by ground means.


Abstract / Resume In recent years, it has become obvious that First Nations in Canada are growing stronger in their assertiveness as 'nations within,' as distinct peoples with a right to self-determination, land and resources, and treaty concessions. This evolving status of First Nations is mediated through a powerful discourse that challenges the existing paradigm. The Native discourse can be analyzed on the media level (newspaper) using various linguistic concepts and models. This article examines how First Nations in Canada represent themselves and their issues in their own media and how they counteract and resist the dominant discourse of Euro-Canada by (re-)constructing and affirming positive Native identities. Au cours des dernieres annees, il est devenu evident que les Premieres nations du Canada s'affirment de plus en plus comme des « nations interieures », soit des peuples distinctifs qui beneficient d'un droit a l'autodetermination, de terres et de ressources, et de concessions accordees en vertu de traites. Le statut en evolution des Premieres nations est mediatise par un discours bien argumente qui s'attaque au paradigme existant. Le discours des Autochtones peut etre analyse sur le plan des medias (journaux) en ayant recours a divers concepts et modeles linguistiques. Le present article examine comment les Premieres nations du Canada se representent elles-memes et presentent leurs questions dans leurs propres medias et comment elles contrebalancent le discours dominant des Canadiens europeens et y resistent en (reconstruisant et en affirmant des identites autochtones positives. Introduction First Nations1 people across Canada now control a substantial number of media outlets. To have access to, and control over, for example, newspapers and printing presses means to have power over discourse. Television, novels, plays or newspapers, the radio or internet are used extensively by Aboriginal people to provide a forum to inspire and empower themselves, to re-affirm positive Native identities by building a national pride and creating solidarity. In the mass media of the dominant Euro-Canadian discourse Native people and their issues are either omitted altogether, or presented mostly in a negative light in stereotypical roles. When covering Aboriginal issues, non-Native newspapers often reduce the complexity of Aboriginal histories to 'problems': the 'Indian land problem,' the 'unemployed Indian problem' or the 'Indian self-government problem' (e.g. Valentine 1996, Lawrence and Simon 1996, McGormick 2000). These presentations have little or no reference at all to the Aboriginal perspective on the issue. In controlling their own media, Native people combat stereotypes and ensure that their histories and contemporary issues are told from their own perspective. In their media images, for example, many Native writers convey both modernity and tradition. Their messages are often clearly political and target the Canadian Government for ignoring First Nations rights and not respecting agreements, such as land treaties. Taking control of the media means taking control of a very important institution in today's society. Jager and Link (1993) call the media Die Vierte Gewalt (The Fourth Power) because they have an immense influence upon (predominant) discourses and therefore shape the attitudes and actions of people. Taking control then means Native people act as subjects. Acting as subjects rather than being acted upon also means empowerment and confidence that they can effect change. Discourse not only reflects, but constructs and transforms culture. This insight has been affirmed in many disciplines, such as Critical Linguistics, Critical Discourse Analysis (e.g. Fowler et al. 1979, Fowler 1991 ; Fairclough 1992,1995a and b, van Dijk 1991, Jager 1993,1996; Wodak and Ludwig 1999), and discourse-oriented approaches in, for example, social theory, political science, literary criticism or critical social psychology (e. …


The spectral decomposition attributes, which is analyzed in the form of time-frequency domain, is believed to be effectively differentiated both lateral and vertical lithologic and pore-fluid changes. There are some common methods for generating time-frequency spectrum such as Short Time Fourier Transform (STFT), Continues Wavelet Transform (CWT) and Matching Pursuit Decomposition (MPD). However, all of the methods need an intensive computation and predefined function or filter such as mother wavelet in CWT or wavelet dictionary in MPD. The last development, which has superiority in improving signal-to-noise ratio and fast computation, is Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) and S-Transform. In this paper, we perform the comparison of the spectral decomposition algorithms; those are EMD and S-Transform for characterizing the hydrocarbon reservoir in the meaning of time frequency analysis. The advantage and disadvantage of these two methods are compared particularly in providing the quality of timefrequency spectrum. In addition, we perform the analysis of low frequency shadow zone, which is produced by these two methods, to delineate the existence of the hydrocarbon. In its implementation, the EMD offers simplicity, which does not need a predefined function and provides good quality of time-frequency spectrum. In other hand the S-Transform provides less quality than EMD but it performs fast computation. Thus, EMD is more suitable for seismic data processing for better quality than S-Transform.


This study was designed to investigate assessment of quality training method on the performance of Hawassa City and Sidama Buna football club. To achive this objective, the researcher selected players(n=60), coaches(n=8), technical staffs(n=6), team leader(n=2) a total of (n=76) samples were used. In this research, questionnaire, semi structure interview, and observation were used as a data collection tools. The data obtained through these tools were analyzed with both quantitatively and qualitatively. Qualitative data were analyzed through description in word and quantitative data were analyzed through table with mean, frequency, percentage and simple ordinary least square (OLS) method were used. As the finding of the study indicated that the major problems of Hawassa City and Sidama Buna football club are: lack of deficiency of modern method of coaching technique, tactics, fitness and psychological preparation, insufficient supply of balanced diet and football training materials, lack of encouragement and motivation from coaching staff, Team leaders and family, the Team leaders could not be committed to carry out their responsibility. As a general solution to the identified problem greater emphasis should be given to the coaches and Team leaders to offer them balanced training for both players and coaches to boost player performance. Supply of balanced diet and football training facilities for the club could be major strategy to address the problems.


Purpose: The tolerance of patients withdiffuse large B cell lymphoma(DLBCL) receiving CHOP±R regimen was significantly different, and grade 3~4 hematologic toxicity after chemotherapy in some patients resulted in prolonged hospital stay, increased risk of infection, delayed treatment, and directly or indirectly affected short-term efficacy and long-term prognosis. Lean body mass(LBM)and L3 skeletal muscle index (L3SMI)obtained from abdominal CT of DLBCL patients were analyzed to determine whether they could be used as independent predictors of hematological toxicity of CHOP± R regimen in DLBCL patients.Methods: The patients with DLBCL who underwent CHOP±R regimen at the Cancer Center of the First Hospital of Jilin University from January 2015 to November 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The abdominal CT of the patient was analyzed by sliceOmatic5.0 software. The third lumbar disc planar imaging was selected, and two consecutive images were taken to calculate LBM and L3SMI. Single factor and multivariate analysis were performed on the correlation of LBM, L3SMIand chemotherapy-related grade 3~4 hematologic toxicity. The ROC curve was drawn to investigate the predictive value of various human indicators on the hematologic toxicity of grade 3~4 related to chemotherapy.Results: The L3 skeletal muscle index is associated with the occurrence of grade 3~4 hematologic toxicity (leukocyte and neutropenia) in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with CHOP±R regimen. Those with lower L3SMI are prone to grade 3~4 hematologic toxicity.LBM is associated with the occurrence of grade 3~4 hematologic toxicity (leukopenia) in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with CHOP±R regimen. This with lower LBM is prone to grade 3~4 hematologic toxicity.The L3 skeletal muscle index can be used as an independent predictor of grade 3~4 hematologic toxicity (leukocyte and neutropenia) in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with CHOP ± R regimen. The cut-off value can be defined as 39.91 cm2/m2.Conclusion: We can draw the following conclusions:The L3 skeletal muscle index is associated with the occurrence of grade 3~4 hematologic toxicity (leukocyte and neutropenia) in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with CHOP±R regimen. Those with lower L3SMI are prone to grade 3~4 hematologic toxicity.LBM is associated with the occurrence of grade 3~4 hematologic toxicity (leukopenia) in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with CHOP±R regimen. This with lower LBM is prone to grade 3~4 hematologic toxicity.The L3 skeletal muscle index can be used as an independent predictor of grade 3~4 hematologic toxicity (leukocyte and neutropenia) in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with CHOP ± R regimen. The cut-off value can be defined as 39.91 cm2/m 2.


In 1857, a series of psychic torments and bodily seizures erupted in Morzine, a Savoyard commune of some two thousand migrant masons and seasonal workers in the high country of the Chablais. The crisis began when young and adolescent girls claimed to see the Virgin Mary, but this transitory interaction with the Mother of God had neither the beatific nor the awesome qualities normally associated with contemporary visionary experience. Rather than heavenly smiles and bodily rapture, they instead had alarming convulsive attacks, had no message to relay, and relished blaspheming the Eucharist during their seizures. The women believed themselves possessed as a result of a mal donne, a witch's curse, and they sought to counterattack through magic, magnetism, and pilgrimage, going far from their village world in search of relief. Their errant life began when they felt abandoned by their parish priest: Abbe Pinguet and his minions had willingly exorcised them beginning in 1857, convinced such expedients would rid the community of the "devils," but the situation changed dramatically in 1860 when France annexed Savoy and the authorities pressured the priest to stop his "superstitious" practices. He retracted both his belief in their possession and his willingness to exorcise, and from that moment the intensity of the mal grew rapidly.' The degree of attention lavished on the girls and women-numbering around two hundred at the end of 1861 -is evidenced by the physicians whom


Lodge Kenmure, number 570 in the roll of the Grand Lodge in Scotland, was founded in Vulcan Street in 1909. Captain Speirs of Elderslie, provincial grand master, performed the ceremony, with an informal audience looking on from the back-court windows of Springburn Road.


Source code comprehension of massively growing code bases is the first crucial step in today's software development. One of the significant obstacles in reading the source code is understanding the code dependencies. To aid this process, we developed Graph Buddy, a tool integrated as a plugin for popular IDEs, which enables interactive visual code browsing as a graph of semantic code dependencies. To preserve the direct relation to the source code, visualize, and process only the right amount of details, we have developed Semantic Code Graph (SCG), an information model underlying Graph Buddy, capable of representing detailed code semantics. We implemented the SCG model extraction for the Scala and Java languages. To evaluate Graph Buddy, we conducted a user survey on a group of 10 programmers who used the tool in three programming-related tasks. The survey indicates that the tasks would be difficult to solve without the visual browsing tool. We believe that the proposed solution has a strong potential to enhance the way programmers comprehend code dependencies.


Abstract : The report summarizes the results of the development of a Low Light Level Television (LLLTV) System for intrusion detection. The specification and a brief description of the system are given in Sections II and III. Detailed test results are discussed in Section IV. (Author)


There is a gap in the research on followership in the virtual space. As such, this study explored the levels of active engagement (AE) and independent critical thinking (ICT) between collocated followers who work in a traditional office setting alongside coworkers and followers who work entirely virtual and rely on technology to connect, make decisions, and accomplish tasks. Current research has indicated that there are both strengths and limitations to virtual teams. However, it is often found to be more challenging to be as engaged and display ICT as a member of a virtual team. This study employed Kelley's (1992) Followership Scale to determine the difference between followers' AE and ICT to determine how most followers are classified in these different contexts and explored whether there are differences by gender. Followers who work in either virtual or collocated teams were recruited through online social media platforms. The survey results indicated no significant difference between collocated and virtual followers for AE or ICT; both types indicated they were exemplary followers. There was also no significant difference for gender, although that was expected for ICT, even though COVID-19 and childcare responsibilities have impacted more women. This study can contribute to this body of research, or lack thereof, by helping people better understand exemplary followership within different types of work arrangements to find out where the differences are and offer tools for organizations to develop followers who work in these spaces (Finlayson, 2021).


For deaf and hard of hearing people whose native language is sign language, it is necessary to provide information not only with subtitles but also with sign language. One means of providing information in sign language is to use animated avatars. Therefore, we have developed a system that generates a Japanese Sign Language (JSL) avatar animation from Japanese sentences utilizing Japanese-to-JSL translation and a motion-data-driven animation generation method. In this paper, we propose a motion editing tool that can adjust grammatical elements of JSL by editing each motion data forming a JSL sentence. An evaluation experiment shows that editing the motion speed and blend span of multiple words corresponding to the delimitation of phrases and clauses can reduce the error rate of understanding JSL avatar animations.


The Speech Emotion Recognition (SER) system is one of the essential human-computer interface applications. Despite the rapid advancement of technology, there is still a gap in SER research in the Arabic language corpus. The goal of this research is to build an Arabic-based SER based on a feature set that has both high performance and low computational cost. Two novel feature sets were implemented using a mix of spectral and prosodic features. An Arabic semi-natural corpus "EYASE" was adopted for testing the proposed system. Five machine learning classifiers using the different feature sets were implemented. Featureset-2 showed promising results in association with the SVM classifier. To validate the results, a survey analysis was implemented on the Arabic-Egyptian corpus "EYASE" used.


For hyperspectral imagery, greedy modular eigenspaces (GME) has been developed by clustering highly correlated hyperspectral bands into a smaller subset of band modules based on greedy algorithm. Instead of greedy paradigm as adopted in GME approach, this paper introduces a simulated annealing band selection (SABS) approach for hyperspectral imagery. SABS selects sets of non-correlated hyperspectral bands for hyperspectral images based on simulated annealing (SA) algorithm while utilizing the inherent separability of different classes in hyperspectral images to reduce dimensionality and further to effectively generate a unique simulated annealing module eigenspace (SAME) feature. The proposed SABS features: (1) avoiding the bias problems of transforming the information into linear combinations of bands as does the traditional principal components analysis (PCA); (2) selecting each band by a simple logical operation, call SAME feature scale uniformity transformation (SAME/FSUT), to include different classes into the most common feature clustered subset of bands; (3) providing a fast procedure to simultaneously select the most significant features according to SA scheme. The experimental results show that our proposed SABS approach is effective and can be used as an alternative to the existing band selection algorithms.


【Various flaps are using for reconstruction of esophageal defect. The choice of reconstruction is depended to the oncologic needs of the situation. If the entire esophagus or significant part of the thoracic esophagus is involved by tumor, then total esophagectomy and gastric pull-up or colon transposition is indicated. But for most hypopharyngeal tumors, laryngopharyngeal tumors, and cervical esophageal tumors, segmental resection of these area and replacement with a jejunal fee or forearm free flap has become the standard technique. The authors have experienced a case of total pharyngo-laryngo-esophago-gastrectomy and colon transposition in a patient of esophageal cancer following partial esophagectomy and gastic pull-up due to corrosive esophageal stricture. We report this case with brief review of the literatures.】


Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) have a potential to differentiate into variety types of blood cells, and have an ability of self-renewing in the bone marrow (BM). All these fates are regulated by intrinsic genetic pathways in the micro-enviroment (niche) where HSCs are located. Osteoblasts are thought to be the hematopoietic niche which regulates HSC function in the BM. To clarify the molecular basis of hematopoietic niche system, we compared the two somatic stem cells (Germ line stem cell (GS) and HSC) using cDNA suppression subtractive hybridization, and identified 12 stem cell-specific genes which are expressed both in the HSCs and GS. Among these genes, we analyzed Spp1, since it is a major glycoprotein produced by osteoblast and it has been reported to be a negative regulator of hematopoietic niche size in the BM.

In situ Hybridization (ISH) with Spp1 -specific probes demonstrated that Spp1 -expressing osteobalsts were located at the endosteal region of trabecular bone (TB). In the TB of adult mouce, Spp1 -expressing hematopoietic cells attached with Spp1-expressing osteobalsts. Double ISH analysis revealed that Spp1 and Tie2 were partially co-expressed in the TB. These data suggests that Spp1 is an important molecule of hematopoietic niche system which were produced and interacted both HSCs and niche cell.

When we analyzed spp1 knock out mouse ( Spp1 −/−), adult Spp1 −/− mice (8 weeks) appeared to be normal and fertile. However, the abnormal TB formation was observed in the younger Spp1 −/− mice (2 weeks). A number of osteobalsts were increased and formed a multi-layer of osteoblasts at the endosteal region of TB. Along with the morphological change of the TB, distribution pattern of CD34, Tie2 and Bmi-1 expressing HSC was unusual. Tie2 expressing cells of Spp1 −/− mouse were mainly located at vascular-enriched zone in the bone marrow, but few Tie2 expressing cells at osteoblastic zone. These data suggest that HSC and osteobalst do not form the correct niche in the Spp1 −/− TB, and Spp1 is thought to be essential for the initial niche formation. To confirm the function of Spp1 at the initiation phase of niche formation, we performed the bone marrow transplantation. Mononuclear cells (1×105 cells) from Ly5.1 mice were transplanted into lethally irradiated Ly5.2 mice. At 12 days after transplantation, donor hematopoietic cells were observed in the recipient TB. At this day 12, the expression of Spp1 was up-regulated in the endosteal region of TB, however, Spp1 expression was decreased in the course of reconstitution. Thus, the findings regarding the hematopoietic niche formation in Spp1 −/− mice and in the irradiated mice allow to understand the Spp1 function in the initial phase of niche formation in the bone marrow.


In this brief, the existing integrators/differentiators have been discussed along with the methods to arrive at the same. Using those methods, few new Integrators/Differentiators have been designed. The methods include Linear Interpolation and Linear optimization. Secondly, Simulated Annealing Algorithm has been applied for further optimization and subsequent design of wideband integrators/ differentiators. The Energy function that would help in minimization of error has also been discussed.


A discussion of ethylene oxidation over soluble palladium complexes in the presence and absence of halide ions covers the similarities and differences in the mechanisms of reactions in these two media, particularly the change in rate-determining step from oxidation of palladium(0) to reduction of palladium(II); the advantages and disadvantages of the traditional chloride catalysts and the special properties of various oxidants, (e.g., quinones, iron(III), chromium(VI), heteropolyacids for use in nonchloride media in place of the usual cupric chloride); the development of reversible, (i.e., easily regenerated by molecular oxygen) phosphorous-molybdenum-vanadium heteropolyacids and their use in new catalytic systems containing no halides; and the regulation of catalytic activity by changing the rate-determining step, which in turn involves changing the ligands (e.g., chloride, quinone) complexing palladium. An analysis and summary of current concepts in homogeneous ethylane oxidation are included. Graphs and 56 references.


Oxygen fugacity is an important, although elusive, parameter of the mantle. It can affect subsolidus and supersolidus phase relations as well as determine the presence and speciation of a fluid phase; hence it has a large influence on diamond formation. There are at least three distinct methods that have been used to estimate mantle oxygen fugacity: (a) electrochemical methods (intrinsic oxygen fugacity); (b) calibration of Fe/Fe ratios in quenched silicate melts; and (3) mineral oxybarometers, particularly olivineorthopyroxene-spinel. Efforts over the past twenty years have produced much data concerning upper mantle oxygen fugacity, and although agreement is not universal, a relatively consistent picture is emerging. The oxidation state measured for lithospheric upper mantle is heterogeneous on a scale of at least four log units, where trends in oxygen fugacity have been noted to occur with metasomatism (e.g. McCammon et al., 2001), partial melting (e.g. Bryndzia and Wood, 1990; Kadik, 1997) and tectonic environment (e.g. Wood et al., 1990; Ballhaus, 1993). Values range from roughly FMQ to FMQ-1 for suboceanic abyssal peridotites and xenoliths from zones of continental extension (Wood et al., 1990), while more oxidised values have been recorded for xenoliths from regions of recent or active subduction (Parkinson and Arculus, 1999).


Objective: To build a nursing instrument to attend mothers who have recently given birth in primary health care. Method: This is a methodological research developed in fi ve stages: identifi cation of empirical indicators associated with mothers who have recently given birth by reviewing integrative literature; evaluation of empirical indicators by focal group; instrument structuring by categorizing indicators; instrument validation using the Delphi technique; and application and development of diagnostic statements and nursing interventions. Results: The instrument comprises identifi cation data on mothers who have given birth recently, on the assessment of their human needs, and on nursing Care items. In the fi nal version, we selected 73 diagnoses and 155 nursing interventions. Conclusion: With the completion of this study, nurses will have an instrument for Nursing Care Systematization to attend mothers who have given birth recently in primary health care. Besides, this study will also work as a tool in research and teaching of Obstetric Nursing.


Here is another May Day, our rejoidng from prisons and from 25th anniversary and I have only beatings, "rejoicing that they were today to get my copy ready for the accounted worthy to suffer for paper which ~b Steed will .have Christ." to make up alone, with Beth Rogers Our main burden right now of as general proof reader and edicoi.Lrse is that the su):>way down torial advisor. On make up day I the street is approaching ever closmust be speaking in Holyoke, the er and closer. Indeed it is .a templast engagement of a week of tation not to leave everything on speaking a t "Fordham, Swarthmore, a bright. sunny day like this with Boston, and returning for a comthe trees bursting futo green in munion breakfast ·here in New t'he park, and lean against the York, and a talk at ' Iona college in fence that surrounds the big open New Rochelle. If today is a day pit at the corner, and watch the like yesterday there will be peowork as the tiuge shovels eat inple sick in the house to visit, letexorably towards us. We are about ters, phone calls, the Puerto Rican to be devoured and we are fasand Negro neighbors for clothes, a cinated by this progress. What is priest from the Fiji Islands and the sense of it all? Across the way another from Santa Fe, college stuthere is an inadequate school for dents and others, and always the the slum children around us. There letters that don't get answered and is a playground understaffed. There the articles that don't get written. are derelicts sick and maimed on Oh well, if the Lord wanted thel[n every park bench. There are so done, I comfoi't myself, He would maey ways to spend money on provide t'1e time lllHf die abJMq. ~ )QAtttd of 011 a little eoa.But there is always the sneatin£( neefing link of subway, extending thought, I am n~ ~t. I den1: fm" 'lh>e or six blocks dbdwhich is organize my time ri&ht. I should costing countless millions of dolhide away and get things done. But.. lars. And here is this Puerto Rlcan every one in St. Joseph's House of father, minus two fingers on one Hospitality is my family, and those hand recently lost in an accident on Peter Maurin farm too. I am at his machine in the factory, and "the barren woman that the Lord an underfed little boy with him, makes joyful with many children." r ooting around in a huge box of I am always thanking God that contributed shoes. No com.pensa"my lines have fallen in good! tion yet , he says, and the little boy places,"-and then falling from and the little girl with him look this happiness of gratitude into the as though they had not had a desuffering that is inseparable from cent meal in their lives. But unemlove. If we pray to grow in love, ployment brings on~ blessing with burdens are bound to grow heavier it. The father, OPmother, can be onevery side, our own burdens at home with their children! and those of all the people 1n the Among teen agers throughout CW around the country. It is a the five boroughs, the mad and terrible thing to see some of the senseless violence continues. It suffering of our friends. Oh for the is a guerrilla war against sostrength Of the apostles who came ciety and against each other.


The article analyzes the reputational capital of the state with the system positions, also focused on its elements: image, brand, authority, consider the structure of the phenomenon of «reputation». Innovative tool of Russian foreign and domestic policy to influence public opinion – information-communication technologies. The analysis shows that the skillful use of them may significantly enhance and increase the reputational capital of the state.


This volume of IOP Conference Series - Materials Science and Engineering represents a selection of the papers presented at the fourth International Conference on Advances in Solidification Processes held in Old Windsor (UK) on 8-11 July 2014 (ICASP-4). It followed previous meetings in the series held in Stockholm in 2005, Graz in 2008 and Aachen/Rolduc in 2011. ICASP-4 was hosted by BCAST, a Specialist Research Institute of Brunel University London, UK. BCAST is the lead partner of the EPSRC Future LiME Hub (formerly the EPSRC Centre - LiME), a national centre of excellence in liquid metal engineering supported by the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council. BCAST and the EPSRC Future LiME Hub have a balanced portfolio of fundamental and user-led research in the areas of solidification science and the development of new alloys and technologies for closed-loop recycling, to support sustainability of the metallurgical industry. ICASP is a triennial conference that focuses on recent advances in the science and technologies of solidification and casting of all metals including metal matrix composites. Topics include nucleation, growth and microstructure formation; shape and bulk casting techniques and rapid solidification; and the formation of defects. In particular, ICASP-4 celebrated the 60th anniversary of "constitutional supercooling", which is widely regarded as the beginning of modern quantitative solidification science. For that purpose the conference staged 16 plenary lectures delivered by key researchers in our field. As well as the 16 plenary lectures the ICASP-4 programme featured 20 invited lectures, 109 oral presentations delivered in three parallel sessions, and 66 poster presentations in a dedicated poster session. The programme also included the inaugural presentation of the John Hunt Medal to Professor Rohit Trivedi and his delivery of the John Hunt Memorial Lecture. The editors would like to thank the authors for their contributions to this volume and for their cooperation during the editorial process. We are grateful to the reviewers for their constructive criticism. On behalf of the ICASP-4 Organising Committee, we would like to thank members of the International Scientific Committee for promoting the conference. We would also like to thank the EPSRC, the IOM3 (Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining), MICRESS, the staff of the Beaumont Estate, Old Windsor, the staff and students of BCAST, and colleagues at Brunel University, for their support of the conference.


We obtain the exact solutions for a family of spin-boson systems. This is achieved through application of the representation theory for polynomial deformations of the su(2) Lie algebra. We demonstrate that the family of Hamiltonians includes, as special cases, known physical models which are the two-site Bose–Hubbard model, the Lipkin–Meshkov–Glick model, the molecular asymmetric rigid rotor, the Tavis–Cummings model and a two-mode generalization of the Tavis–Cummings model.


We present a statistical comparison of the seasonal occurrence of ionospheric phase scintillation in the GPS signals at an equatorial region in Malaysia using the ground-based ionospheric monitoring GPS receiver and space-based radio occultation (RO) measurements. The observations were recorded at UKM (2.55°N, 101.461°E) in Malaysia during 2010 using GPS based scintillation and TEC Monitoring setup (GISTM). The space-based measurements were recorded by the FORMOSAT_3/COSMIC (F_3/C) satellites in 2010. The GPS limb-viewing radio occultation technique is an innovative technique that provides ideal geometry to observe vertical ionospheric structures to detect Equatorial Plasma bubbles (EPBs) and Sporadic E layers (Es). Radio waves throughout the irregular equatorial ionosphere are studied to characterize phase scintillations at the L1 frequency in different seasons. Seasonal characteristics of the GPS phase scintillation show it mainly occurs in the equinox months, particularly during March. The results show similar values as the Radio Occultation (RO) observations over UKM station, which demonstrates that March equinox has the maximum occurrence of scintillations with the appearance of EPBs and during June corresponding to the appearance of the Es layer in the ionosphere. We found seasonal characteristics of phase scintillations obtained from the Ground-based station are consistent with seasonal characteristics of amplitude scintillation that occurred from the space-based measurements. Nevertheless, F3/C RO provided an opportunity for concurrent sounding of EPBs and Es characteristic structures across the globe, unlike other traditional ground-based measurements.


Purpose Measure the Doppler shift of the products of D-D fusion reactions in order to back out the centerof-mass energy of the fusion reactants. In high background pressure (>0.1mtorr), Doppler shift results from center of mass energy of beambackground fusion reactants. Challenge – Reduce X-ray noise sufficiently to accurately discern Doppler shifted peaks of products. High levels of X-ray noise from bremsstrahlung radiation produced when electrons impact the wall of the device overwhelm the triton signal (1.01MeV) and distort the proton signal (3.02MeV). Solution – Move the charged particle detectors out of the line-of-sight of the IEC chamber.


ABSTRACT The objective of this paper was to analyze financial management practices in dairy production systems. More specifically, we sought to identify which milk producers adopt financial management practices. We conducted 55 semi-structured questionnaires in the Western Region of Parana. The data were processed through descriptive and multivariate statistical analysis. The analysis of hierarchical clusters defined, based on variables related to financial management practices, two distinct groups. The first group included milk producers who do not adopt financial management practices [...]


ABSTRACT A novel processing method of potato flour with a low starch gelatinization degree was realized by flash drying technique. Starch gelatinization degree, pasting properties, thermal characteristics, and morphological features between commercial potato flours (commercial potato flake and commercial potato granule) and flash-dried potato flour were analyzed and compared. Results showed that the gelatinization degree of flash-dried potato flour (14.52%) was reduced by nearly 80% than the commercial potato flours (about 95%). Typical viscosity profile, enthalpy value, and morphology features of flash-dried potato flour were retained maximally through an optimized processing of flash drying. The gelatinization temperature and pasting viscosity of flash-dried potato flour were increased significantly than the commercial potato flour. Besides, the intact morphological structure of flash-dried potato flour granules were kept due to the processing of flash drying. By utilizing the low gelatinization degree of flash-dried potato flour, desirable potato noodles were prepared with the ratio of potato flour up to 50%. Textural characteristics and cooking performance such as broken rate and cooking loss of flash-dried potato noodles were superior to these of the commercial potato flours (in the same amount) added noodles.


Abstract : This report has attempted to determine that the Naval Academy training - in particular of Plebe year - affected the style with which a person makes decision. The second objective of this project was to determine what factors in the Naval Academy environment caused these changes, or influenced a person in his decision-making process. The areas of personality/motivational characteristics in comparison to decision styles and neurological output in relation to decision styles were also studied. The report describes the concept of decision styles and the approach used in the study. The use of percentage analysis and analysis of variance determined significant results.


Inorganic resists are of considerable interest for advanced lithography at the nanoscale due to the potential for high resolution, low line width roughness (LWR), and high sensitivity. Historically inorganic resists suffered from low sensitivity, however approaches have been identified to increase sensitivity while maintaining high contrast. An aqueous precursor of Hf(OH)4-2x-2y(O2)x(SO4)y·qH2O (HafSOx) has been demonstrated with excellent sensitivity to EUV and electrons, while still obtaining high resolution and low LWR. In this work, we characterize both HafSOx precursor solutions and spin-coated thin films using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) elemental analysis. HR-TEM of precursor solutions drop cast onto TEM grids confirmed the presence of nanoscale particles. HR-TEM cross sectional images showed that spin-coated HafSOx films are initially uniform in appearance and composition for thin (12 nm) films, however thicker (30 nm) films display segregation of species leading to multilayer structures. Regardless of film thickness, extended exposure to the high energy TEM electron beam induces significant migration of oxygen species to the Si interface. These species result in the formation of SiOx layers that increase in thickness with an increase in TEM electron beam dose. Sulfate is also very mobile in the films and likely assists in the significant condensation exhibited in completely processed films.


The utility model relates to a pipe coil for a bicycle fixing device, which comprises a coupler assembly piece (1), a gear rack (2) and a pipe coil body (3), wherein the coupler assembly piece (1) comprises a rubber coated handle (1-1), a button (1-2), a tension spring (1-3), a spring rod component (1-4), a pull rod (1-5), a ratchet fixing pin (1-6), a spring (1-7), a ratchet buckle (1-8) and a self-plugging rivet (1-9); the button (1-2) is mounted at the bottom of the rubber coated handle (1-1); the spring rod component (1-4) is inserted in the cavity of the button (1-2); the tension spring (1-3) is fixed in the middle of the spring rod component (1-4) and is connected with the button (1-2); the lower part of the spring rod component (1-4) penetrates through the inner cavity of the pull rod (1-5); the bottom end of the spring rod component (1-4) is connected with the spring (1-7); the ratchet buckle (1-8) is mounted on the spring (1-7); the pull rod (1-5) is inserted into the inner cavity of the gear rack (2); and the gear rack (2) is mounted in the inner cavity of the pipe coil body (3). The pipe coil can be used for fixing a bicycle wheel; the length of the pipe coil can be changed fast to suit bicycle wheels of different diameters; and the pipe coil can be mounted on a tow truck, so as to facilitate carrying and transportation.


This study was conducted in class IV students of SD Tahfidzul Qur'an Darul Abror who have difficulty learning mathematics. The study aims to determine the types and causes of learning math difficulties in the rectangular and rectangular flat build material. The study used qualitative research with a descriptive approach. Data collection using test results, participatory observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis techniques using data collection, data reduction, data presentation and withdrawal of conclusions. Based on the results of the study concluded that the type of difficulty learning the content of the mathematics and rectangular material that experienced by the class IV students are: a) learners have not understood the properties of the flat build square and rectangular, b) difficulty determining the formula to solve a problem, c) weakness in counting, d) language difficulties and reading. The factors cause learning difficulties consist of internal factors and external factors. Internal factors are factors that come from students, including physical health and the attitude of learners external factors are factors that come from outside students, including teacher attitudes and learning tools. The advice in this study is that math learning needs repetition and multiply the frequency of practice, so that learners can understand the concept of mathematics.


For a number of years, considerable interest and much investigation has been directed at a group of disordcrs characterized by refractory niacrocytic anaemia, monocytosis, leukopenia, nicgaloblastoid erythroid liyperplasia of the bone marrow, ineffective erythropoiesis with increased serum iron and decreased plasma iron turnover, and in some instances transformation into acute niyeloblastic or myelomonocytic leukaemia. Nomenclature for this group of disorders has varied according to tlie investigators. Historically, Copelli (Copelli, 1912) and subsequently DiGuglielmo (DiGuglielnio, 1933, 1926, 1928) described tlie first accounts of neoplastic erythroid disorders. Today, we recognize these as acute erythraemic myelosis, a rare and almost exclusively erythroid disorder that may be a transitory stage in the evolution of acute niyeloblastic leukaemia (Gunz & Baikie, 1974; Kass & Schnitzer, 197s). Cytochemically, specific esterase granules characteristic of cells of granulocytic origin (Yam ct al, 1971) have been found in erythroid precursors from patients with acute erythraemic myelosis (Kass, 1975a) and erythroleukaemia (Kass, 1976). These findings suggest that the abnormal erythroid precursors found in these two disorders possess properties of granulocytes, and that perhaps these neoplastic erythroid cells may originate from a common myeloblastic stem cell as has been shown in erytliroblasts from patients with chronic erythroleukaemia (McClure et a/, 1965), chronic granulocytic leukaemia (Rastrick et nl, 1968), and 'preleukaemia' (Dormer et a / , 1976). Following the more precise description of acute erythraemic myelosis by DiGuglielmo in 1928, descriptions of other erythroid disorders characterized by anaemia refractory to haematinics available at the time began to appear. The concept of iron-loading anaemias was introduced by Israels and Wilkinson who called these types of anaemias 'achrestic' (Israels & Wilkinson, 1936). Shortly after the description of achrestic anaemias, it was recognized that there may be a chronic form of erythraemic myelosis (Benedetti, 1939; Duesberg, 1940; Heilmeycr & Schoner, 1941 ; DiGuglielmo & Quattrin, 1942). The idea of a chronic type of erythraemic myelosis appeared to lie dormant for several years following its initial description. Subsequently, reports by several investigators detailed a primary acquired refractory anaemia characterized by increased iron stores and a hallmark of these types of anaemias, tlie ringed sideroblast (Dacie & Mollin, 1966; Bessis, 1973). Various names were given to these entities, including chronic refractory anaemia with sideroblastic bone marrow (Bjorkman, 1956), refractory normoblastic anaemia (Dacie et al, 1959), and refractory sideroblastic anaemia (Heilmeyer et al, 1958). In tlie late 1950s Dameshek attempted to unify these apparent divergent entities by suggesting that they all had common characteristics, including refractory macrocytic anaemia, splenoniegaly, niegaloblastoid erythroid hyperplasia with increased iron stores, and in some instances transformation into acute leukaemia. He suggested that the term 'DiGuglielmo syndrome' (Dameshek & Baldini, 1958; Dameshek, 1965, 1969) be used to designate this group of crythroid disorders that seemed to be closely related. These included acute and


First, on behalf of Japanese researchers, I would like to extend a warm welcome to all of you. It is a great pleasure for us to have so many researchers from all over the world in this AIESEP Sapporo Convention. It is a great honor for us to be able to hold this convention in Sapporo, and I'm convinced that it is a significant milestone in the development of research on sport pedagogy in our country. I think school physical education in Japan has been successfully-practiced compared to foreign countries. We have several academic societies researching sport pedagogy such as "Japanese Society of Sport Education" and "Japan Society for the Pedagogy of Physical Education", each of which has close to 1,000 members, publishes journals, and has been engaged in energetic research activities. However, we have not positively attended international conventions and made presentations because of the language barrier. In that sense, I hope many young researchers in Japan take this convention as an opportunity to be active on the international stage.


A new method is presented for the description of multiple elastic scattering of low-energy electrons from ordered overlayers adsorbed on periodic substrates. By separating, in the exact multiple-scattering series, the scattering events that occur within the overlayer from those in the substrate, it is possible to treat the geometrical structure of the overlayer independent of the Bravais net of the underlying substrate layers. Consequently, the dynamical scattering cross section is expressed entirely in terms of layer scattering matrices of the substrate, which thereby avoids the more time-consuming sublattice formalism that has been used in previous exact calculations of diffraction intensities.


This paper considers frequency division multiplexing (FDM) based illumination sensing in light emitting diode (LED) lighting systems. The purpose of illumination sensing is to identify the illumination contributions of spatially distributed LEDs at a sensor location, within a limited response time. In the FDM scheme, LEDs render periodical illumination pulse trains at different frequencies with prescribed duty cycles. The problem of interest is to estimate the amplitudes of the individual illumination pulse trains. In our previous work, an estimation approach was proposed using the fundamental frequency component of the sensor signal. The number of LEDs that can be supported by this estimation approach is limited to around 100 LEDs at a response time of 0.1 s. For future LED lighting systems, however, it is desirable to support many more LEDs. To this end, in this paper, we seek to exploit multiple harmonics in the sensor signal. We first derive upper limits on the number of LEDs that can be supported in the presence of frequency offsets and noise. Thereafter, we propose a low complexity successive estimation approach that effectively exploits the multiple harmonics. It is shown that the number of the LEDs can be increased by a factor of at least five, compared to the estimation approach using only the fundamental frequency component, at the same estimation error.


The embodiment of the invention discloses a dropped frame hiding method. The method includes the steps that a historical time-domain waveform is stored in a decoding end, an encoding end sends the acquired relevant frame information and the current MLT frame to the decoding end; the decoding end conducts false/dropped frame detection on the received current MLT frame, and generates false/dropped frame information; the false/dropped frame can be recovered according to the false/dropped frame information, the relevant frame information, and the historical time-domain waveform. In addition, the invention also discloses a dropped frame hiding system, an encoding device, and a decoding device. Using the invention can improve the dropped frame hiding ability for the encoding/decoding proposal based on MLT, and can recover the false/dropped frame better.


Abstract The increasing importance of software as an essential functional provider in products and processes requires that companies master the development capabilities to continiously and quickly deliver high-quality software features. DevOps (acronym for Development and Operations) is an essential approach to these capabilities, which has so far been used predominantly in software-driven companies. This paper investigates the conditions under which DevOps can also be used in the industrial context of series manufacturing in order to be able to steadily develop and provide software features used in these environments (e.g. for monitoring and maintenance of manufacturing machines). A concept for DevOps for manufacturing systems was developed based on current best practices and the specific situation in the industrial company. The concept was then implemented and validated with experts on the basis of initial development cycles, demonstrating the usefulness of DevOps for manufacturing systems.


This brief report expounds on the dust devil interaction case findings from the ASRS Database, NTSB Aviation Accident Database, and ASN. A full, detailed research effort on the aforementioned cases can be found in the Microsoft Excel document supplementing this report. First, the author of this report offers a glossary of terms and definitions that the reader may need to know. Then, the author analyzes the data regarding dust devil related accidents and incidents and the connection between the behavior of dust devils and the behavior, size, and power of the aircraft involved. Finally, the author formulates safety recommendations on dust devil avoidance and recovery and how this research effort has benefitted him. In the appendix, one will find a series of graphs and a table to help illustrate the extensive data that the author found. Table of


Glutamic acid (abbreviated as Glu or E) is a non-essential amino acid, whose salt is known as glutamate (also known as sodium glutamate, monosodium glutamate, Natrium Glutaminat, E 621). Human excessive consumption of nutrients having a high glutamate level (beer yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae Meyen,), certain mushrooms, tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), soy (Glycine max.(L).Merr.)), may rise the blood level of the substance, as glutamate is adsorbed very quickly in the alimentary duct (unlike the glutamic acid). The glutamic acid obtained through crystallization from kelps belonging to the orders of Laminariales and Fucales of class Phaeophyta (brown al gae) more specific the specie Saccharina japonica (Laminaria japonica), is accountable for the human perception o f the fifth basic sense of taste – umami (delicious in Japanese). Through the industrial production of glutamate there is made a product that potentiates the taste of food. Glutamate is part of a class of chemical substances k nown as excitotoxins, where a high level of substance in the human blood stimulates excessively the specific cellular receptors, leading to a higher cellular permeability to Ca +2 . This mutation can cause damage (cytotoxicity and cell death) at the level of brain areas that are unprotected by the blood-brain barrier. On the top of the neurotoxicity hypothesis in case of human consumption of large amounts, glutamate and aspartate interfere with the visceralgia transmission.


Let K ⊂ C be a compact set containing infinitely many points. We use ‖ · ‖L∞(K) to denote the sup-norm on K, Mn is the set of all monic polynomials of degree n. The polynomial Tn,K that minimizes ‖Qn‖L∞(K) for Qn ∈ Mn is called the n-th Chebyshev polynomial on K. Let the logarithmic capacity Cap(K) be positive. Then we define the n-th Widom factor for K by Wn(K) := ‖Tn,K‖L∞(K)/Cap(K) . In what follows we consider unit Borel measures μ with non-polar compact support supp(μ) in C. The n-th monic orthogonal polynomial Pn(z;μ) = z n + . . . associated with μ has the property


Currently, international and domestic immigration laws identify persecution on account of membership in a "particular social group" as one basis for granting an individual asylum. The dominant approach in both domestic and foreign analysis for defining what constitutes a "particular social group" has been to look for an immutable characteristic that all members of the group share. This was the approach originally adopted in the landmark Board of Immigration Appeals ("BIA") ruling Matter of Acosta. However, since that ruling, the BIA has adopted an additional inquiry into the "social visibility" of potential "particular social groups." Circuit courts are divided on whether such a requirement is valid, and the definition of "particular social group" has strayed from its traditional sources grounded in the jurisprudence of the other protected grounds, such as political opinion and the interpretation of the UNHCR Guidelines. This Note argues that the BIA should adopt a cascading analysis for "particular social group" determinations that conforms to the Guidelines' use of social perception and the encompassing nature of the political opinion analysis.


The article presents comparative analysis of modular training as a teaching tool against traditional methods and techniques in educational institutions, particularly in higher education. Being one of the forms of interactive learning, modular training ensures efficient intermutual development of all members of educational process. It increases active learning and improves critical thinking, as well as problem solving skills. Based on several years of experimental research this article gives recommendations on modular training for improving knowledge in emergency first aid treatment for students of various educational institutions. It also briefly describes the algorithm of introducing elements of modular training for implementation of Health and Safety course.


Closely allied to Ceratitis, MacLeay, and agreeing therewith in thoracic chætotaxy† and, venation : differing in general facies of body, in shape of scutellum, and in that of ovipositor, the first segment of which, instead of being flattened and truncate triangular in shape, is thickened and tubular, resembling that of Urophora.


In view of the problem that the high concentration of nitrogen and phosphate remained in secondary effluent, adsorption processes were attempted to remove nitrogen and phosphate. In this paper, nature zeolite was modified and compounded as a matrix material. After treating in these methods, the properties of zeolite had been greatly improved and the goal of nitrogen and phosphate synchronous removal was obtained. Adsorption isotherms were depicted for nitrogen and phosphate removal. Freundlich isotherm model and Langmuir isotherm model were well matched by nitrogen and phosphate absorptions, respectively. Elovich absorption kinetic equation could clearly illuminate the absorption process. From the SEM images that the pore structure was expanded to some extent, the diameter and shape of pores were obviously changed. Meanwhile, the components of the material varied by the analysis of EDS.


The invention provides a Bluetooth earphone with multiplexing of an USB (Universal Serial Bus) interface. The Bluetooth earphone comprises the USB interface, a charging management circuit, a microphone circuit, an pull-up resistor, a logical judgment circuit and an analog selecting switch, wherein the microphone circuit is electrically connected with a fourth pin and capable of inputting audio signals, and can serve as a divider resistor when external equipment is audio equipment; the fourth pin is connected to a bias power supply of a microphone through the pull-up resistor and synchronously and electrically connected with the input end of the logical judgment circuit for providing a voltage value belonging to the type of the external equipment to the logical judgment circuit; the control output end of the logical judgment circuit is electrically connected with the control input end of an analog switch, and the logical judgment circuit is used for controlling the selection output of the analog switch according to the received voltage value belonging to the type of the external equipment; and the analog selecting switch is used for selecting data transmission or audio output under the control of the logical judgment circuit. The Bluetooth earphone can realize the audio input/output function and the charging function by virtue of the audio interface, so that the quantity of outside interfaces is reduced, the product is nicer, the interface devices are saved, and the cost is reduced.


The article describes the battle between the troops of the Moscow Prince, and the Great Horde crossings over the river Ugra (8 – 12 October 1480). This battle was one of the most important events in the course of the standing on the Ugra river, which ended the Mongol-Tatar yoke in Russia.


As the main methods of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) transmission are air and physical contact, actions to mitigate and suppress its spread must be developed in order to change population dynamics and provide efficient control strategies. Here, these actions are described as a simple heuristic framework to establish public policies. Two control systems were studied: the first organized in the form of an algorithm stratified into three levels and the second as a minimization problem similar to optimal control strategies, applied to both social distancing and vaccination. The possible effects of these actions are modeled and applied to an extension of the Susceptible - Infected - Removed (SIR) compartmental model. The control system is developed, which is organized in the form of an algorithm stratified into three levels. These levels intend to represent social distancing strategies implemented by sanitary authorities around the globe, representing stronger or weaker grades of isolation intensity according to the ability of the healthcare system to cope with symptomatic individuals. The algorithm control is applied in a simulation, and the results give evidence of the effectiveness of the procedures adopted against the coronavirus. The model dynamics are analyzed and validated with simulations considering parameters obtained from epidemiological data from Brazil and Uruguay and in a more detailed way for three Brazilian states: São Paulo, Minas Gerais and Rio de Janeiro. The model was validated using cumulative data on cases and deaths. For cases of death, the results were satisfactory, while for case data, the response was reasonable, considering the possibility of adding delays or variations in parameters in the model. In addition, the effective reproduction number was proposed for the cities studied in Brazil, the result being relevant because it has a qualitative behavior similar to that published by official centers. This paper also discusses the implementation and optimization of social distancing and vaccination control strategies, considering different parameters and their effects on reducing the number of cases and deaths. Model simulations present promising results for developing strategies to attack COVID-19 dissemination.


By analyzing the design idea and design object of OA System,this paper introduce design method of OA application System based on Domino. Keyword: Workflow,Role,Agent


With aesthetic study of Hongloumeng being the main stream at the present time, traditional approaches such as biographical study, edition study, and socio historical criticism are still prospering, which make up the situation of current Hongloumeng study. This article, after examining the current trends, holds that an all inclusive strategy is preferred in order to interpret the text in the right perspective. Moreover, a comparative approach is needed to bring this prominent study to a new era.


Rational design and massive production of bifunctional catalysts with fast oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) kinetics are critical to the realization of highly efficient lithium-oxygen (Li-O2) batteries. Here, we first exploit two types of double-walled RuO2 and Mn2O3 composite fibers, i.e., (i) phase separated RuO2/Mn2O3 fiber-in-tube (RM-FIT) and (ii) multicomposite RuO2/Mn2O3 tube-in-tube (RM-TIT), by controlling ramping rate during electrospinning process. Both RM-FIT and RM-TIT exhibited excellent bifunctional electrocatalytic activities in alkaline media. The air electrodes using RM-FIT and RM-TIT showed enhanced overpotential characteristics and stable cyclability over 100 cycles in the Li-O2 cells, demonstrating high potential as efficient OER and ORR catalysts.


Quandle homology was defined from rack homology as the quotient by a subcomplex corresponding to the idempotency, for invariance under the type I Reidemeister move. Similar subcomplexes have been considered for various identities of racks and moves on diagrams. We observe common aspects of these identities and subcomplexes; a quandle identity gives rise to a $2$-cycle, the abelian extension with a $2$-cocycle that vanishes on the $2$-cycle inherits the identity, and a subcomplex is constructed from the identity. Specific identities are examined among small connected quandles.


BACKGROUND
 Digital behavioral interventions have become increasingly popular for their ability to support patient diagnosis and treatment, chronic disease self-management, behavior change, and/or adherence to recommended care. However, many research teams with interests in this area are unable to develop digital interventions due to the challenges such as lack of technical skill, limited access to developers, and cost. The purpose of this study was to elicit in-depth qualitative feedback from intervention developers who have interests in digital behavioral interventions, but lack programming skills regarding the barriers they experience and key considerations that go into the design and implementation of digital interventions.

 OBJECTIVE
 To understand barriers to the design and implementation of digital behavioral interventions, as well as to identify key considerations for researchers who are developing these interventions.

 METHODS
 We conducted semi-structured qualitative interviews with 18 researchers who had experience either designing (but not coding) digital behavioral interventions or running research studies with them. Participants were a convenience sample of users of the Computerized Intervention Authoring System (CIAS) platform, an existing no-code development platform for building digital intervention content, and were recruited through either direct email solicitation or snowball sampling. All interviews were conducted and recorded over videoconference between February and April 2020. Recordings from interviews were transcribed and thematically analyzed by multiple coders.

 RESULTS
 Interviews were completed with 18 individuals and lasted between 24-65 minutes (mean = 46.9 minutes; SD = 11.3 minutes). Interviewees were predominantly female (94.4%; 17/18) and represented different job roles ranging from researcher to project/study staff. Three key barriers to the development of digital behavior interventions were identified during interviews: lack of cross-disciplinary understanding; variability in recipients' technology access, infrastructure, and literacy; and the idea that evidence-based in-person interactions do not translate directly to digital interactions. Interviewees identified several key considerations that interventionists learned to prioritize, which have the potential to overcome these barriers and lead to successful interventions.

 CONCLUSIONS
 Barriers to the development of digital behavioral interventions are often created by a lack of cross-disciplinary understanding, which can lead to difficulties conceptualizing interventions, unrealistic expectations in terms of cost, and confusion about the development process. Moreover, concerns about research study participant characteristics and access to technology, as well as the translation of in-person interventions to digital are apparent. Appropriate training in regards to how to work with software development teams may help future digital behavior intervention creators overcome these barriers and may lead to new, exciting innovations in this space.


ARSENIC-CONTAINING compounds have been widely used in the field LA. of weed control. Sodium arsenite has been employed for general contact weed control, and as a herbicide on turf areas. In the latter capacity it is used to control undesirable species without inflicting severe or permanent injury to desirable turf grasses. Disodium methylarsonate (DMA) and dimethylarsinic acid (cacodylic acid) have more recently been shown to possess herbicidal properties. DMA has been used for the selective control of crabgrass in turf, and for removal of certain weedy species from Bermudagrass. Cacodylic acid has shown promise for the complete removal of established sod for the purpose of renovation.4 It seems to be particularly well suited for this purpose in that it apparently leaves no residues that will interfere with the subsequent establishment of the seedlings.


The article deals with the structure of the modern information technology system used in the tourism industry. It is emphasized that the use of information technology in each separate segment of the tourism industry, such as hotels, ticket reservations, the creation of specialized tourist products, is interlinked with all others. The purpose of the article is to reveal the peculiarities of the using of modern information technologies in the tourism industry. It was established that the introduction of information technology in the tourism industry took place in four stages, from the creation of data, through the direct development of   information technologies , the development of strategic information systems and the integration of individual IT components      in a network of different levels, from local to global. It is revealed that the majority of tourist enterprises use both standard and special software in their activity. For tourism enterprises to carry out marketing activities successfully, the information market offers technologies aimed at the process of automating the accumulation of survey results, planning and developing a marketing strategy. One of the most important elements in the tourism industry is computer reservation systems, which eventually integrated into global booking systems. These systems provide not only transport services, but also hotel accommodation, cruise trips, location information, bus, rail and air connections, exchange rates, weather reports, etc., allowing one to reserve all major components of the tour. Tour operators use several classic approaches to building a reservation system. The features of the market of tourist services, the specific characteristics of the services themselves and the peculiarities of their perception by consumers determine the specifics of marketing in this area. The use of information technologies, in particular the Internet, enables businesspeople and marketers to explore new market opportunities for their travel services, to highlight and explore various market segments (geographic, demographic, professional, organizational, behavioural, etc.). Tracking relevant information can be used to predict the future development of consumer demand and identify new trends in the behaviour of existing and potential customers. The use of geoinformation systems opens up broad prospects for engineering justification and design of new tourist routes and recreational areas, the publication of thematic tourist maps and the creation of web atlases, etc. Thus, thanks to information technologies, a single tourist information space is created that allows all players in the tourist market to quickly receive real information.