Centuries-old generative reproduction, relatively favourable agro-ecological conditions, natural selection, and anthropogenic roles have significantly influenced the formation of a rich, heterogeneous population of common walnuts in Montenegro. This variability can be exploited by applying a positive selection of genotypes that would have good ecological adaptability and high economic value and that would not lag behind walnut varieties originating from other countries. The paper presents the results of studying 20 selected walnut genotypes from the continental part of Montenegro in a three-year period. Šeinovo variety and the Rasna selection were used as standard. The most important biological and pomological properties were investigated based on the international walnut descriptor. The basic criteria on which the selection approach was based were: late vegetation initiation, earlier date of end of vegetation, well kernel ratio, ease of kernel removal from the shell, shell texture that should be less rough, protecting the kernel, tasty kernel, light coloured kernel, and good chemical composition of the kernel. Genotypes had fruit weight between 8.43 and 13.84 g, kernel weight between 4.20 and 6.54 g, kernel ratio between 39.20 and 52.25%, oil content between 62.04 and 67.23%, and protein content between 13.91 and 19.04%. Most of the selected genotypes have the late time of leaf bud burst, and from that point of view, the BP44 and BP42 genotypes that the leafing on May 5 and 6 are especially interesting, due to avoidance of late frost. The walnut is adapted to the existing agro-ecological conditions over a long period of successful growth in this region, and most genotypes finish their vegetation earlier and are prepared to enter the period of winter dormancy. Genotypes BP09 and AN29 with their properties surpass the worldwide recognized Šeinovo, and in this region, highly valued selection Rasna. BP48 and BP50 genotypes also deserve attention due to the quality of the fruit.


Abstract: Every country suffers from a traffic problem. The reason behind this is not only overpopulation but also heavy vehicles on the road too. The Motive of this paper is to give a better idea to control the traffic and reduce the cost for this working. Using sensors, LED strips, and Rechargeable batteries is enough to implement this system. Today only by hearing the sound of the Ambulance the drivers on the road can leave a way for the Ambulance. It is one of the main reasons why the Ambulance Couldn't reach on time. The second thing is that heavy vehicles occupy more space on the road. Each road will have at least twolane on both sides. By placing these LED strips in the middle of the road, it could be helpful for the other drivers to leave the way for the Ambulance to come. By implementing this system, we can save time, money, and the valuable life of human beings. Keywords: Sound detection sensor, LED strips, Rechargeable batteries.


According to the problem that 485 fieldbus limit centralized monitoring system which is widely used in intelligent control domain develops from single local monitoring to multimachine global monitoring,this paper discussed a remote control gateway based on Modbus / TCP protocol. The design of overall function,hardware and software,and multi-communication node test plan were given,and centralized monitoring center located in Ethernet port accomplished remote communication.,remote sensing,remote adjustment and remote control functions of the automation device. Experimental result shows the system meets expected design targets and operates stably.


Seeing the Development and growth of one ot the transportation in Indonesia, namely land transportation, it turns out thatit has significantly increased significantly, including the users of motorized vehicles, especially two-wheeled motorbikes (motorbikes). According to Article 28 E paragraph 3 of the 1945 Constitution, everyone has the right to freedom of association, assembly and expression. So that on that basis some people who have the same hobby and passion about motorbikes establish the Motorcycle Club Community Association in Indonesia. Talking about the Motorcycle Club Community reminds us of a bunch of people who like to act arrogant and anarchic on the road when touring. The existence of Lady Bikers is very interesting to discuss, because with their appearance it makes the Negative Stigma (Arrogance and Anarchy) about the Motorcycle Club Community in the eyes of the cloud community become a little dissolved and is expected to be able to color and give a soft / feminine side in the Motorcycle Club Community which generally consists of Men. On the other hand, the presence of Lady Bikers can lead to Decency Crimes on the Street.


We first provide a brief overview of the evolution of seismic hazard assessment in Belgium, followed by a comparison of the current official seismic hazard map used to define the seismic zonation of Belgium in the framework of Eurocode-8 with the corresponding map from the European SHARE project. The general pattern of the PGA spatial distribution is similar in the two maps, but although the differences are lower than 0.02 g in a large part of the Belgian territory, they locally reach 0.08 g. This comparison suggests that seismic hazard in Belgium should be re-evaluated using current state-of-the art methods as developed in the frame of SHARE and Global Earthquake Model (GEM) projects, but also taking into account the most recent studies of the regional seismic activity that have not been taken into account in the SHARE computations. In the second part of the paper, we present the most important advancements made during the last years by the Royal Observatory of Belgium (ROB) on the assessment of seismic hazard for sites in Belgium. Most of these developments follow the guidelines and experiences provided by the SHARE and GEM projects. For the specific cases of sites in the northern part of the country, we also discuss why it is relevant to use hard-rock ground motion prediction equations.


We present a pilot clinical application of Coherent Hemodynamics Spectroscopy, a novel technique to investigate cerebral hemodynamics at the microcirculatory level. Hemodialysis patients featured a slower cerebral blood flow than healthy controls.


C-reactive protein (CRP), a systemic marker of diagnosing chronic inflammation, has been associated with the incidence of multiple types of cancer. However, little is known about the impact of CRP on lung cancer incidence in Chinese population. A total of 97,950 participants without cancer at baseline (2006-2007) of the Kailuan Cohort Study were followed up. The concentration of plasma high-sensitivity CRP (hsCRP) was tested for all participants at baseline interview. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to assess the association between levels of hsCRP and incident lung cancer. During 8.7-year follow-up, 890 incident lung cancer cases occurred and were divided into three groups according to the level of hsCRP. The risk of incident lung cancer was significantly increased with elevated levels of hsCRP [hazard ratio (HR)Medium/Low=1.21, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.03-1.42; HRHigh/Low=1.42, 95%CI=1.20-1.68; Ptrend<0.001], compared to the low group after adjusting confounders. Moreover, after stratifying by BMI, the significantly positive associations between the hsCRP level and the risk of lung cancer were found among those with BMI<24 (HRHigh/Low=1.51, 95%CI=1.18-1.94; Ptrend=0.001) and BMI=24-28 (HRHigh/Low=1.47, 95%CI=1.13-1.92; Ptrend=0.003), but not among those with BMI≥28 (HRHigh/Low=1.01, 95%CI=0.64-1.57; Ptrend=0.991). There was an antagonistic interaction between hsCRP levels and BMI that contributed to development of lung cancer (Pinteraction=0.049). In conclusion, these findings indicate a dose-dependent relationship between hsCRP and lung cancer risk among Chinese population, especially in non-obese participants, suggesting that CRP could serve as a potential biomarker for prediction of lung cancer risk and identification of high-risk population.


In order to improve the scientific and rational nature of urban planning,the establishment of information service platform with "one map for decision-making for planning" is proposed through the integration and comprehensive application of the multi-source heterogeneous planning decision-making data,and based on the design concept and method architecture of " one map".By taking into account the characteristics of urban planning,the decision-making factors and data sources related to the preparation of planning are analyzed,the layer structure and systematic functions of "one map" are designed from the perspective of the objects of urban planning,the integration method of the multi-source heterogeneous data is discussed,and the prototype of the information service system with "one map for decision-making for planning" is established by taking Panzhihua City as an example.


The field of geometry processing is following a similar path as image analysis with the explosion of publications dedicated to deep learning in recent years. An important research effort is being made to reproduce the successes of deep learning 2D computer vision in the context of 3D shape analysis. Unlike images shapes comes in various representations like meshes or point clouds which often lack canonical structure. This makes traditional deep learning algorithms like Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) non straightforward to apply to 3D data. In this thesis we propose three main contributions:First, we introduce a method to compare functions on different domains without correspondences and to deform them to make the topology of their set of levels more alike. We apply our method to the classical problem of shape matching in the context of functional maps to produce smoother and more accurate correspondences. Furthermore, our method is based on the continuous optimization of a differentiable energy with respect to the compared functions and is applicable to deep learning. We make two direct contributions to deep learning on 3D data. We introduce a new convolution operator over triangles meshes based on local polar coordinates and apply it to deep learning on meshes. Unlike previous works our operator takes all choices of polar coordinates into account without loss of directional information. Lastly we introduce a new rotation invariant convolution layer over point clouds and show that CNNs based on this layer can outperform state of the art methods in standard tasks on un-alligned datasets even with data augmentation.


O ur organization is a Level I trauma center with over 600 beds situated in Camden, N.J., a city known for high levels of poverty and mission-based care. Our patients are generally underserved, vulnerable, and medically fragile. As an organization, we want to invest in our existing expert clinicians who express a desire to grow as leaders; we recognize that frontline managers are the key to providing the safest and highest-quality services. Our senior leadership team identifies potential successful leaders from clinical nurses and advanced practice nurses (APNs) based on their ability to listen to their colleagues, work toward consensus, and acknowledge the needs of the group. In short, we look for nurses who have the ability to bring a diverse team together to create change. Using transformational leadership principles and new leadership programs such as mentoring, we've successfully promoted many of our clinical staff into leadership roles, increasing nurse engagement and empowering frontline staff.


An arrangement for contactless energy transmission, wherein an elongated laid primary conductor is provided, wherein at least one movable carriage along the primary conductor is provided, wherein the carriage means is provided for data transmission, wherein the primary conductors of mutually electrically insulated provided Single stranded wires is composed, wherein the means for data transmission comprises at least one coupling element which is capacitively and / or inductively coupled to the stranded wires provided such that signal voltages on and / or coupled out in the wire strands.


begins even to survey its full field. It is perhaps better ignored, like occasional errors of interpretation such as those on Dysk. 392 (p. 42: ^py/j.ai does not imply 'ich werde gedrdngf), and Plaut. Merc. 588 ff. (the idea of tears as the extinguishers of love's fires is viewed by Flury as possible only in the Latin imagery of Plautus; if that is so, an image such as Theocritus, 14. 23 is also Plautine). Yet these minor imperfections do not outweigh the major achievement of a well-conceived and sensitively pursued piece of research.


were distributed to employees through the chief doctors in the various clinical departments. They were asked to participate if they had symptoms of itch and exanthema of hands, connected to the use of gloves in their work. Participants underwent prick testing with a commercially available latex solution (Allergen Laboratory Copenhagen). Readings were made at 20 min and were scored as 1 +, 2 + and 3 + (=same as the histamine response). Specific lgE antibodies to latex were measured by Pharmacia CAP RAST, FEIA.


Classification of environmental sounds is a fundamental procedure for a wide range of real-world applications. In this paper, we propose a novel acoustic feature extraction method for classifying the environmental sounds. The proposed method is motivated from the image processing technique, local binary pattern (LBP), and works on a spectrogram which forms two-dimensional (time-frequency) data like an image. Since the spectrogram contains noisy pixel values, for improving classification performance, it is crucial to extract the features which are robust to the fluctuations in pixel values. We effectively incorporate the local statistics, mean and standard deviation on local pixels, to establish robust LBP. In addition, we provide the technique of L2-Hellinger normalization which is efficiently applied to the proposed features so as to further enhance the discriminative power while increasing the robustness. In the experiments on environmental sound classification using RWCP dataset that contains 105 sound categories, the proposed method produces the superior performance (98.62%) compared to the other methods, exhibiting significant improvements over the standard LBP method as well as robustness to noise and low computation time.


The paper presents a way of determining the fundamental parameters of the design of a hydrogen sensor, the operation of which is based on the phenomenon of the resonance of surface plasmons (SPR - Surface Plasmon Resonance) in Kretschmann-Raether's system. The designed system has been realized. Its investigation results have also been presented.


In this paper, we introduce two nonconventional ionic liquid compounds which are composed of propane sulfonate functionalized organic cations and heteropolyanions as green solid acid catalysts for the highly efficient and green synthesis of 2,3-disubstitutedquinoxaline derivatives. These ionic liquids are in the solid state at room temperature and the synthesis is carried out via the one-pot condensation reaction of various o-phenylenediamine with 1,2-diketone derivatives. Benzoxazole and benzimidazole derivatives were also synthesized by these novel catalysts via the one-pot condensation from reaction orthoester with o-aminophenol (synthesis of benzoxazole derivatives) and ophenylenediamine (synthesis of benzimidazole derivatives). All experiments successfully resulted in the desired products. The described novel synthesis method has several advantages of safety, mild condition, high yields, short reaction times, simplicity and easy workup compared to the traditional method of synthesis.


The pollen morphology of all 7 species of the genus Crossonephelis was studied and found to be rather uniform, supporting Leenhouts' circumscription of the genus. Minor inter- and intraspecific differences are present. Within Lepisantheae a close resemblance exists with the pollen of some species of Placodiscus, while the pollen of Lepisanthes is less similar and specialized in a different direction.


Image Enhancement is one of the major research areas in digital image processing. The main intention of image enhancement is to process the image so that the result is more compatible than the original image for a specific application. Many images like satellite images, medical images, aerial images and even our photographs suffer from poor contrast and noises due to various reasons such as lighting, weather or equipment that has been used to capture the image. It is necessary to enhance the contrast and remove the noises to increase the image quality by using image parameters. Image enhancement techniques differ from one field to another according to its objective. The noises such as Gaussian noise, Salt and Pepper noise and Speckle noise affect most of the images. This paper discusses the advantages and disadvantages of various image enhancement techniques and the metrics which have been used for quantitative measures. Finally it decides which techniques are most appropriate for the real-time image enhancement.


This study recorded nearly 1.5 million citations to measure research productivity of the 4,918 full time faculty members with doctoral degrees at 51 leading US business schools. These schools had been included at least once in the 25 most recent ranking lists produced by three major business publications. This research included lifetime citation counts for each faculty member, and resulted in 1,497,162 citations that were recorded between March and June 2003. The citation counts were cumulated by academic discipline. The disciplines for which rankings were made were accounting, economics, finance, information systems, marketing management science, organizational behavior, and strategy. Ranked lists of the top 25 schools in each disciple are included. The paper contains a review of the literature on citation analysis, and suggests how citation analysis might be used as an assessment tool by business school administrators, professors, students, and corporate managers.


There is abundant evidence to suggest that the phonologically "wildest" segments 5 in the inventory of a language are the coronal fricatives, namely the sibilants.1 6 Among sibilants we can distinguish various segments: from a phonetic point of 7 viewwe can talk about at least ten different realisations in languages, as Ladefoged 8 & Maddieson (1996: 164) do.2 These types of sibilants in some languages may 9 assume a phonemic role, while in others they can appear as allophones of other 10 sibilants. In certain languages, like many Italian dialects (including its relevant 11 substandard regional varieties), several of these soundsmay appear as allophones 12 of one single phoneme, /s/.3 In this paper, eight sibilants will be discussed which 13 phonologically are in complementary distribution and therefore will be classified 14 as allophones of /s/: two alveolars: [s, z], two prepalatals: [ʃ, ʒ], and other near15 homorganic variants, such as alveo-palatal [ɕ, ʑ] and retroflex [ʂ, ʐ]. 16


Chlorsulfuron, diclofop, and sul in selective control of tall fescue (Festuca a (Poa pratensis L.). Polynomial trend analy quadratic response curves for percentage o Fall and spring treatments with chlorsulfu fescue control, with slight to moderate in and spring applications of sulfometuron re initial Kentucky bluegrass damage was se maintenance turf. Chemical names used: 2-c zin-2-yl)amino]carbonyl]-benzenesulfonamide oxy)phenoxy]proponoate (diclofop); N -[[(4 2-methoxycarbonyl-benzenesulfonamide (s Tall fescue is a serious weed contaminant in Kentucky bluegrass turf. The rapid elongation of tall fescue leaves and its clumpy, upright growth habit disrupts the uniformity and overall aesthetic quality of Kentucky Received for publication 2 Feb. 1989. Funding provided by Kentucky Agriculture Experiment Station. The cost of publishing this paper was defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. Under postal regulations, this paper therefore must be hereby marked advertisement solely to indicate this fact. lAssistant Professor, Dept. of Agronomy, Mississippi State Univ., Mississippi State, MS 39762. 2Extension Professor, Univ. of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546. 3Associate Professor. 4Associate Professor. HORTSCIENCE , VOL. 25(4), APRIL 1990 Selective ., W.W. Witt, and M. Barrett Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546 uca arundinacea, chlorsulfuron, diclofop, fometuron were evaluated for potential use rundinacea Schreb.) in Kentucky bluegrass ses indicated highly significant linear and f tall fescue reduction for each herbicide. ron and diclofop provided significant tall itial Kentucky bluegrass phytotoxicity. Fall sulted in excellent tall fescue control, but vere and would be unacceptable for high hloroN -[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-l,3,5-tria(chlorsulfuron); 2-[4-(2,4-dichlorophen,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)amino]carbonyl]-


Hubei Shiyan is the largest city in the source of South to North Water Diversion Project in China. The City District has 100 km of river, along cross-strait with high-rise buildings, dense population, and coverged sewage straight flow to the river. In our paper, the design of "Ming change dark" river closure project can fundamental solve the city environmental pollution problems, improve the source water quality without any menace from the "rear", and make Shiyan's green economy grow rapidly. On the other hand, this "city agriculture" new thinking will completely change the serious situation of arable land area which is decreasing year by year in the world.


The study1 estimates a hazard-rate model of the socio-economic factors influencing the risk of entering single parenthood among British women, through pre-marital births to never-married women. Higher welfare benefits and higher unemployment levels moderately increase the likelihood of a pre-marital birth. The male - female wage ratio has little impact. The facts of being in education or employment are associated with a lower risk of a pre-marital birth among this group of women. This suggests that flows into single parenthood 'select' women in poorer economic circumstances.


Having developed for more than three decades,China's self-taught higher education examination bore some fruits but meanwhile met some problems like the incompatibility between cultivation system and the economic and social development,a single and solidified model,low efficiency in talent training,etc.To take measures against the above-mentioned problems,both the state and the local governments have tried to find out some solutions,with Hubei Province as a pioneer to conduct a pilot study and a reform of self-taught higher education examination.Such being the case,the present article aims to make an analysis of ways,means,as well as benefial results of dual-certificate cultivation model in self-taught higher education examination,so as to offer some insights to the reform.


Researchers have identified a potential new antiviral agent that is effective against common flu, rare Ebola virus, and a host of viruses in between, including HIV.

The small molecule, named LJ001, targets lipids in enveloped viruses and prevents their entry into cells during the fusion process in which a virus enters a cell, say researchers in a paper published online in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (doi:10.1073/pnas.0909587107).

The research began with the screening of a library of 30 000 molecules for activity against the deadly Nipah virus by a team …


Difficulties of current elementary educational reform lie in west rural areas, while the success or failure of educational reform depends on teachers. Therefore, educational reform will be successful with large numbers of teachers with noble minds, advanced education ideas and rich knowledge and great abilities. The survey reveals worrying situations of current teaching bodies in west rural areas.


The present invention relates to a high-frequency resonant cavity for accelerating the charged particles (15) is provided, wherein, in the high frequency resonant cavity (11) can be coupled into the high frequency electromagnetic field, the high frequency electromagnetic field acts on at runtime through the high frequency resonant cavity (11) of the particle beam (15), characterized in that, in order to improve the electrical breakdown strength, a beam (15) along the radiation particle in the high frequency resonant cavity (11) direction is arranged at least one intermediate electrode (13).


States and observables Quantum theory The relativistic symmetry Local observables Scattering theory Sector theory Appendix A: Hilbert space and operators Appendix B: Operator algebras Appendix C: Free fields


This document contains an updated list of common acronyms, initialisms, and abbreviations used at Sandia. It will be published in an electronic format only. It can be retrieved from HTTPS://wfsprod01.sandia.gov/groups/srn-uscitizens/documents/document/wfs048643.pdf.


There has been limited empirical research on the impact of legal issues on entrepreneurial ventures, despite the fact that this impact appears to be great. The low-profit limited liability company (L3C) is a new business entity form in the U.S. that allows for firms to support a social and/or environmental mission without maximizing shareholder wealth. According to Intersector Partners, L3C (2014), as of August 24, 2014, there are 1,072 total active L3Cs in nine states and one tribal entity. While L3Cs were initially designed to encourage more program-related investments from foundations, many ventures are forming this entity because it better fits with their core social and/or environmental mission. In this paper, we examine empirically whether the L3C designation can increase consumers' purchase intentions and perceptions of the designated business as one with primarily social or environmental impact. Our study used 330 participants, half of whom were identified as "green" consumers and half from the general population. Both groups were shown two descriptions of firms modified from real venture descriptions of existing L3Cs. One of these descriptions was given an LLC designation and one an L3C designation. One half of the participants were given a description of an L3C prior to being shown the L3C venture. Participants were asked to evaluate their likelihood to purchase from these two businesses and the perception that these firms supported social and/or environmental causes. Our findings showed no significant difference between either the entity, company, or when a L3C description was given in either purchase intention or perception of business. Both dependent variables were significantly different for green consumers versus the general population and between genders. This finding suggests that the L3C currently has only limited usefulness as a signal of attractiveness to consumers, but greater education by states and ventures may increase this potential over time.


The wine market in Portugal is not well studied at the academic level, especially in terms of market segmentation (AESBUC-ESB, 2003, Brochado & Martins, 2008). The main objective of this study is to present a general overview of the market segmentation based on the self-assessed knowledge of the consumer of Portuguese wine by studying its behaviour taking into account the cues considered during the wine selection process. An empirical research was developed based on an online survey which allowed to take conclusions relatively to the questions asked in the study. Starting from a study sample of 313 subjects it was obtained its characterization, level of consumer knowledge, intrinsic benefits, consumption regularity and occasions, media importance, purchase location, most important cues the consumer elects on its choice, overall its level of familiarity of wine. It was found that the consumption is mainly done at home or in restaurants and with friends or family, being red wine the most consumed type of wine. It was also possible to determine the consumer bases on his own experience and in family and friends to make its choice, performing wine purchases mainly in supermarkets and in second place directly at the winemaker. Also worth noticing that taste, aroma, quality-price association and product-related experience are by this order the most valued cues for a consumer with moderate familiarity. This study can be a base for the development of additional research in the future.


In this paper,the effects of single or combination application of different fertilizers on growth and development and yield of spring and summer peanut were studied under dry-land condition.The results showed that compared to the single application of any kind of fertilizer,the combined application of slow-release and organic fertilizers could significantly affect the main agronomic characters of peanut,such as the stem height,lateral branch length,pod number per plant and full-pod rate of spring peanut and the main stem height,branch length and double-kernel plump pod rate of summer peanut.There were no significant differences between single application of slow-release fertilizer and chemical fertilizer in most of agronomic characters of peanut.The increasing effect of combined application of slow-release and organic fertilizers on pod yield of spring peanut was the best,while that of the single application of slow-release fertilizer and chemical fertilizer took the second place,and that of the single application of organic fertilizer was the worst.The pod yield of summer peanut was the highest under the combined application of slow-release and organic fertilizers,and then under the single application of organic fertilizer,slow-release fertilizer and chemical fertilizer in order.In conclusion,the combined application of organic and slow-release fertilizers was the best for dry-land peanut.


Moderate salt-tolerant Aloe vera plants in the field were used as explants to cultivate.During the culture,seawater concentration was gradually added to the medium with 0%→10%→20%→30%→40%→50%→60% for acclimation culture.The results showed that the growth and shape of the tissue-cultured plantlet by seawater stress was provided with obvious characters,especially at 50% seawater,parts of plants still flourished.There were many remarkable differences in differentiation between the domesticated salt-tolerant plantlet and control plantlet.Differentiation rate,the average shoot number,young leaf growth rate and radication coefficient of the domesticated salt-tolerant plantlet were higher than those of control.The differentiation rate of domesticated plantlet decreased along with seawater proportion from 0 to 20%.There were not significant difference on the average shoot numbers between 30% seawater tissue culture and non-seawater tissue culture.The average young leaf numbers were the highest both 30% seawater tissue culture and non-seawater tissue culture among all treatments.The characteristics of radication growth of domesticated seedlings were accordant with their differentiation growth.The property of salt-tolerant differentiated plantlets(50% seawater) was stabilized after subculture again and again.Then they were transplanted with the same seawater irrigation.We found that the roots of these plants were able-bodied and showed normal growth.They showed more seawater tolerance from their appearances and shapes.The plantlet was provisionally named 'Nanyan 1'.There were no differences of the fresh weight of roots and shoots between 'Nanyan 1' and Aloe vera(Control) with freshwater irrigation,while the fresh weight of roots and shoots of 'Nanyan 1' significantly increased than those of Aloe vera with 30% and 60% seawater irrigation.Compared with freshwater irrigation,there was no significant difference in fresh weight of shoots of 'Nanyan 1' with 30% seawater irrigation.However,compared with freshwater irrigation,fresh weight of shoots of Aloe vera(Control) with 30% seawater irrigation decreased by 15%~20%.Therefore,salt-tolerant Aloe vera plantlets can be isolated and screened by gradually adding the salinity to the medium for inducing salt responsion gene in plant strengthening expression.


The paper discusses Muslim education in Southwest Dagestan. The source base is provided by artifacts gathered in the years 19101911 by A. K. Serzhputovskiy. From his collections we have selected objects currently stored in the funds of Russian Museum of Ethnography. As indicated by Serzhputovskiy, the objects had been collected from Karata, Dido (Tsez) and Botlikh peoples. Our study of these objects clearly demonstrates the existence of two-level education system. Small wooden boards were used for teaching letters in the maktab school (1st stage). Historical research has shown that second-level schools (madrasah) were also present in the region. A celestial sphere, showing Zodiacal signs, proves that astronomy was one of the subjects studied therein.


Abstract In this paper we present time-wavelength assignment algorithms that consider the following system parameters: (1) the system hardware in terms of the transmitters' and receivers' tuning capabilities (slow or fast tuning) and (2) the traffic matrix. The ulgorithms' objective is to maximize the bandwidth efficiency, i.e., to minimize the frame duration. Each algorithm will be suitable for a different set of system parameters. We present trade-offs between the system hardware and the algorithm' performance for various traffic patterns. These trade-offs can be used as guidelines for the system designer that needs to decide the system hardware for a given traffic pattern and required system performance. Moreouer, for a given system hardware and traffic patterns, each node can distributively decide which algorithm should be used, i.e., the algorithm that will maximize the system performance.


Cross-border feminist collaborations enhance efforts to combat violence against women, including sexual violence. Sexual assault was a pervasive human rights violation perpetrated against many Liberian women during the over decade long Civil War. Based on a review of the mental health literature focusing on the realities of this crime against humanity in the lives of Liberian women, thirteen interviews were conducted with Liberian Church leaders. The participants and the first and second authors are collaborators on faith-based initiatives aimed at serving and empowering Liberian women and girls through the African Methodist Episcopal Church. Interviewees highlight the effects, dynamics, needs, and solutions for Liberian women attempting to recover from these atrocities. This article utilizes feminist theology and feminist psychology as a frame for understanding the experiences of Liberian sexual assault survivors and feminist cross-border collaborations in West Africa.


Received January 8. 1988; accepted after revision March 1,1988. Presented at the annual meeting of the American Roentgen Ray Society, San Francisco, CA, May 1988. 1Department of Radiology, Box 0628, Lk iversity of CaliforniaSchool of Medicine, San Francisco, CA 94143. AJR 151:31-39, July 1988 0361 -803X/88/151 1-0031 © American Roentgen Ray Society It is quite common for standard two-view-per-breast mammography to produce inconclusive results, especially among symptomatic patients and in interpreting baseline screening examinations. Many of these cases are read as indeterminate simply because the imaging evaluation is incomplete. In such circumstances, additional views prove invaluable in solving the mammographic "problems" raised on the standard examination. The ability to decide which extra views to obtain, and when to use them, is an important part of the expertise that every mammographer should develop. In discussing the problem-solving approach to mammography, I have assumed the use of dedicated mammographic equipment, capable of imaging in the craniocaudal projection with a vertical X-ray beam, in the lateral projection with a horizontal X-ray beam, and in all intermediate degrees of the oblique projection. I also have assumed that a properly designed breast compression device is used [1 ]. These features are essential for screen-film mammography and preferable for xeroradiography as well [1]. Use of a ceiling-mounted X-ray unit produces acceptable xeroradiographic images in standard projections, but the radiologist using this general-purpose equipment is limited in the ability to take full advantage of many special projections devised to solve mammographic problems. Every busy xeroradiographic breast imaging practice should have at least one dedicated mammographic unit available for such problem-solving examinations. There are so many potential approaches to completing the evaluation of inconclusive mammography examinations that an almost innumerable array of imaging permutations exists from which the radiologist may choose. To simplify the subject, I have concentrated on some of the more commonly encountered mammographic problems, indicating those solutions most likely to succeed. The reader is advised at the outset that every mammographic problem can be solved by a variety of acceptable methods and that my failure to discuss one of your personal favorites indicates only my own preference rather than the inadequacy of a specific alternative approach.


Pheochromocytomas and paragangiomas are a class of neuroendocrine tumors with a widely variable clinical presentation ranging from paroxysmal episodes of critically elevated blood pressure to no clinical symptoms. Genetic predisposition to pheochromocytomas is well documented. Initial workup entails biochemical evaluation of urine catecholamine metabolites, intravenous contrast enhanced anatomic imaging for adrenal gland evaluation, and functional imaging with methy-liodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) whole-body scintigraphy for localization of extra-adrenal disease. We present an atypical case of concomitant pheochromocytoma and retroperitoneal paraganglioma in an elderly 78-year-old female found to have incidental bilateral adrenal and retroperitoneal masses on abdominal CT since 3 years. Subsequent biochemical workup was consistent with pheochromocytoma. The patient denied any headache, sweating, or palpitations or other suggestive symptoms. She was then lost to followup for 3 years until she presented to our institution for ischemic leg pain warranting urgent vascular surgery pending surgical resection of her pheochromocytoma. Following repeat workup and surgical resection, histopathology confirmed right adrenal pheochromocytoma and retroperitoneal paraganglioma. This case is highly atypical of pheochromocytoma given the old age at presentation, subclinical course, and associated paraganglioma, arousing suspicion for familial disease.


The Ship Service Gas Turbine Generator sets (SSGTGs) on the U.S. Navy's DDG-51 Class ships have experienced several gas turbine engine failures resulting from seawater contamination of the lube oil. The seawater enters the turbine lube oil system after a corrosion related failure of the lube oil cooler. This paper examines the system design, failure mechanism, and consequence of the failure. It also discusses maintenance actions intended to minimize the possibility of cooler failures, methods that have been used to clean up contaminated systems and alternate cooler designs that are being considered for backfit.Copyright © 1999 by ASME


Abstract We extend Poincaré duality in étale cohomology from smooth schemes to regular ones. This is achieved via a formalism of trace maps for local complete intersection morphisms.


Laparoscopic hernia repair costs more than open repair. This increase in cost largely is because of the use of disposables. Indirect cost benefits of laparoscopic procedure because of a more rapid return to normal activity are different to calculate but may be present for select groups of patients. Copyright © 1998 by W. B. Saunders Company


Clinicians and scientists alike have long sought to predict the course and severity of chronic post-stroke cognitive and motor outcomes, as the ability to do so would inform treatment and rehabilitation strategies. However, it remains difficult to make accurate predictions about chronic post-stroke outcomes due, in large part, to high inter-individual variability in recovery and a reliance on clinical heuristics rather than empirical methods. The neuroanatomical location of a stroke is a key variable associated with long-term outcomes, and because lesion location can be derived from routinely collected clinical neuroimaging data there is an opportunity to use this information to make empirically based predictions about post-stroke deficits. For example, lesion location can be compared to statistically weighted multivariate lesion-behavior maps (LBMs) of neuroanatomical regions that, when damaged, are associated with specific deficits based on aggregated outcome data from large cohorts. Here, our goal was to evaluate whether we can leverage LBMs based on data from two large cohorts of individuals with focal brain lesions to make predictions of 12-month cognitive and motor outcomes in an independent sample of stroke patients. Further, we evaluated whether we could augment these predictions by estimating the structural and functional networks disrupted in association with each LBM through the use of structural and functional lesion network mapping (sLNM & fLNM, respectively), which use normative structural and functional connectivity data from neurologically healthy individuals to elucidate lesion-associated networks. We derived these brain network maps using the anatomical regions with the strongest association with impairment for each cognitive and motor outcome based on LBM results. These peak regional findings became the 'seeds' to generate networks, an approach that offers potentially greater precision compared to previously used single-lesion approaches. Next, in an independent sample, we quantified the overlap of each lesion location with the LBM, sLNM, and fLNM and evaluated how much variance each could explain in 12-month behavioral outcomes using a latent growth curve statistical model. We found that each lesion-deficit mapping modality was able to predict a statistically significant amount of variance in cognitive and motor outcomes. Both fLNM and sLNM were able to predict variance in 12-month outcomes beyond LBM. fLNM performed best for the prediction of language deficits, and sLNM performed best for the prediction of motor deficits. Altogether, these results support the notion that lesion location and lesion network mapping can be combined to improve the prediction of post-stroke deficits at 12-months.


The High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) Observatory monitors the gamma-ray sky in the 100 GeV to 100 TeV energy range with > 95% uptime and unprecedented sensitivity for a survey instrument. The HAWC Collaboration has implemented an online flare monitor that detects episodes of rapid flaring activity from extragalactic very high energy (VHE) sources in the declination band from -26 to 64 degrees. This allows timely alerts to be sent to multiwavelength instruments without human intervention. The preliminary configuration of the online flare monitor achieves sensitivity to flares of at least 1 hour duration that attain an average flux of 10 times that of the Crab Nebula. While flares of this magnitude are not common, several flares reaching the level of 10 Crab have been observed in the VHE band within the past decade. With its survey capabilities and high duty cycle, HAWC will expand the observational data set on these particularly extreme flares. We characterize the sensitivity of the online flare monitor and outline plans for its upcoming deployment.


"It's little things here and there": An Exploration of Preservice Teachers' Experiences of Becoming Multicultural Educators by Carli Rhonda Kyles Dr. Helen Harper, Examination Committee Co-Chair Associate Professor of Curriculum & Instruction Dr. Lori Olafson, Examination Committee Co-Chair Associate Professor o f Educational Psychology University o f Nevada, Las Vegas Participants in this study included seven preservice teachers (4 females, 3 males) enrolled in an undergraduate teacher preparation program at a major urban university in the U. S. Southwest completed a series of multiple in-depth interviews. The purpose of this study was to understand and explore the lived experiences and meaning preservice teachers made of their experiences in becoming multicultural people and teachers since taking introductory multicultural education coursework. Approaches and dimensions of multicultural education, theories of becoming multicultural, and research on teacher beliefs while learning to teach were used in conjunction with narrative inquiry to uncover and interpret participants' lived experiences. Participants understood becoming a multicultural person as having a clarified cultural identity and needing to have an openmind towards cultural diversity and "others." Each participant expressed beliefs consistent with the call and need for culturally responsive teachers, yet participants expressed the process o f becoming a multicultural teacher as an "add-on" assignment that


The technological remoulding plans adopted by Ningxia Western Polyvinyl Chloride Co.,Ltd.were introduced as well as the selection of polymerizer and the production situation after the implementation of the technological remoulding plans.Corresponding measures for the full of polymerizer were proposed.


Here's a fact from the last month of the year that I bet you didn't even know. Our government has made a major change to the way it aims to collect taxes.


The accidents of sliding train in inclined lane underground coal mines will not only damage the facilities,but also threat the safety of equipments and people.In this article,the authors analyze the cause of sliding train in inclined lane and work out some precautionary measures.


Growing trend for nutraceutical and gluten-free cereal-based products highlights the need for development of new products. Quinoa is one of the potential candidates for such products. Quinoa is a pseudo-cereal that has garnered increasing interest in recent years from global markets, as well as in academic research. In recent years, the popularity of quinoa seeds has increased due to enormous health benefits and super food properties. Quinoa seeds have an improved macronutrient profile, including gluten-free characteristics, a particularly beneficial essential amino acid ratio and a superior phytochemical composition compared with other cereals and grains. It has been promoted as an alternative agricultural crop due to its stress-tolerant characteristics and marketed as a "superfood" for its nutritious qualities. The present article is a reviewed for nutritional characteristics of quinoa seeds.


1. A process for preparing concentrated silver nanoplates, which retain their shape after concentration with increasing optical density, comprising: adding a stabilizing agent in unconcentrated solution, wherein the solution comprises unconcentrated silver nanoplates, wherein each silver nanoplates has a plate shape, unconcentrated solution having maximum absorbance at a first wavelength; stabilizing agent comprises polyvinyl-based polymer and a borate; and enhancement of concentration of silver nanoplates in a mild solution to produce a concentrated solution, the concentrated solution has maximum absorbance at the second length volnyi wherein the maximum optical density of the concentrated solution exceeds the maximum optical density of non-concentrated solution and at least part of the silver nanoplates, present in a mild solution retains plate shape in a concentrated rastvore.2. The method of claim. 1, characterized in that the increase of the concentration is performed using filtration in a tangential flow, with a maximum optical density of the concentrated solution of at least ten times greater than the maximum optical density of the unconcentrated solution, the maximum optical density of the concentrated solution is at least 100 cm, polyvinyl-based polymer comprises at least one polymer from the group consisting of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), borate comprises sodium borate, and the second


Over the last century, the topic of interracial sex has exerted a powerful force on the New Zealand popular imagination. For Chinese migrants who came to New Zealand and to other white settler societies in the nineteenth century, the discourse of sexual predation was a tangible barrier against the newcomers being incorporated into the white settler community. As the largest group of Asian migrants to arrive in New Zealand, the Chinese attracted intense hostility and suspicion, with fears that their presence would spoil 'God's Own Country'. In essence, the trope of predatory Chinese men was part of a (white) nation-building enterprise, emerging in a period when the transnational movements of various populations were rapidly remapping the cultural geography of the world. The five novels discussed in this chapter indicate some of the discursive shifts that this trope has undergone in the last seventy-odd years. Keywords: Chinese men; interracial sex; migrants; New Zealand; sexual predation; white settler community


Herein, we reported a metal-free photoredox/phosphine-catalyzed C-H amination of arenes. This allows for concise synthesis of highly functionalized N-arylphthalimides from readily available N-hydroxyphthalimides directly, without the preparation of activated N-hydroxyphthalimide intermediates. Mechanistic studies reveal that the radical is produced via phosphine-mediated N-O bond scission.


It is an important content of equipment management to keep the engineering machine well. Based on the theory of component technology and grey related algorithm arithmetic,the requirements and procedures of engineering machine maintenance predicting process are analyzed,and a support object evaluation system is provided. The qualitative and quantitative indexes of evaluating process are fully taken into consideration to provide scientific meth-ods and ways for proper evaluation and decision.


Significance: Reported is the iron-catalyzed aryl-difluoromethylsulfonylation of N,N-substituted methacrylamides 1 to obtain oxindoles 2 using PhSO 2 CF 2 I. Reaction optimization indicated that iron(II) and iron(III) species afford similar results and that the use of THF as a co-solvent improves the reaction yield. In terms of reaction scope, EWG, EDG, para and meta R 1 groups were all well tolerated. As may be expected owing to steric ef-fcts, ortho R 1 substituents culminated in moderate yields of products. Modification of the R 2 protect-ing group to tosyl gave no reaction, but R 3 substituents were well tolerated. Naphthalene and tetra-hydroquinoline acrylamides were also reactive, furnishing the desired products 2a and 2b . The present approach leads to the formation of fluori-nated oxindoles which represent highly desirable potentially biologically active molecules. The start-ing activated alkenes were obtained by the reaction of substituted anilines with acryloyl chlorides, followed by N-protection; PhSO 2 CF 2 I was pre-pared by the reaction of difluoromethyl phenyl sul-fone with I 2


The authors of the paper analyze the dimensions and characteristics of the learning process of adults based on interests. The research problem of this study is situated in the field of adult didactics. A number of relevant researches define interests of adults as beliefs and cognitive dispositions, as well as a psychological state of adults. This, specific psychological state is characterized by the focused attention, increased cognitive and affective functionality and readiness for efforts and endurance in the learning process. Within the studied literature, relationships between interests and learning have been focused on three types of interest: individual, social, and interests related to the content and theme (the subject of learning). Individual interests generally apply to the individual predispositions of attention to specific stimuli, events, and objects. Situational interests relate to specific aspects of the environment, and the social and emotional learning climate (they include the response of adults to the organization of educational work, activities in the learning process, or presentation of particular contents). Interests related to the subject, or the content, or the learning field, are developed when adults are interested in particular contents, both on the basis of individual needs, and on the basis of the situational needs. Particularly important is the fact that numerous studies have confirmed that the interests in the process of adult learning affect their attention, concentration, and the willingness to learn, which is characterized by a positive emotional attitude towards contents which they would like to learn. In addition, interested adults clearly understand difficult questions: they often do not even notice the difficulties that occur in the adults with indifferent attitude towards the subject. Better understanding, as well as a lively, positive conscious reaction, which follows interest, makes the new contents strongly absorbed by the consciousness, and thanks to that situation, they are better remembered. The interest is also a very important motive, which encourages adults to engage in formal education, and actively participate in various forms of informal and non-formal education. In many cases, this is the main motive. Interest is important for adult didactics for another additional reason. A task of education and the adult education is awareness raising and developing their intellectual, social, or cultural interests. Types and diversities of interests shape the culture of every individual adult and, indirectly, the culture of the entire society. The paper presents a number of different interests in the process of adult learning. These are the following: age (physical shape and life energy), sex, occupation, level of education, intelligence. In addition to these general determinants, the paper also analyzes specific determinants, such as: qualitative evaluation of work of adults, mission and clarity of objectives in the learning process. In the second part of the paper, the author presents possible roles of adult education in stimulating activities (both extrinsic and intrinsic) of adult learning.


Performance of Portugal in the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games Introduction: The value at the top level sport of each nation is checked, among other events, in the largest sport event, the Olympic Games. The propose of the study is to evaluate the performance of Portugal in the Olympic Games Beijing 2008 in the sport and financial level and to compare with the performance obtained in the Olympic Games of Athena 2004. Methodology : The methodology use in the study consists in the it col - lects of information of several documental sources. Results: The three sport goals fastened for Portugal in the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games, they were not reached. The sport performance of Portugal translated in the number of medals and of graduate classifications he had an inferior level in Beijing 2008 than in Athena 2004. For the execution of Project Beijing 2008 was granted to Olympic Committee of Portugal a budget 12.142.876 €, but the amount affect - ed to the sport federations destined to the sport preparation and the bags, it was inferior in 154.241 €, to the correspondent in Project Athena 2004. In the period of 12 years (Atlanta 1996 - Beijing 2008) the applied financial means in the olympic preparation increased in 100%, doesn't tend the sport results accompanied with any growth.


We obtain new results on the additive properties of the set , where is an arbitrary interval in the field of residue classes modulo a large prime . Combining our results with estimates of multilinear exponential sums, we obtain new results on incomplete multilinear Kloosterman sums.


Participatory sensing is a paradigm through which mobile device users (or participants) collect and share data about their environments. The data captured by participants is typically submitted to an intermediary (the service provider) who will build a service based upon this data. For a participatory sensing system to attract the data submissions it requires, its users often need to be incentivized. Such an incentivization mechanism typically requires users to at least partially disclose their identity to be able to reward them. This, however, might deter privacy conscious users from participating. Therefore, an incentivization mechanism needs to support anonymous data submission and rewarding. In addition, inference attacks can illegitimately gain further information about participants through linking data submissions or tracing rewards. This paper presents Identity Privacy Preserving Incentivization (IPPI), a decentralized peer-to-peer exchange that preserves identity privacy by enabling anonymous and unlinkable data submission and anonymous and untraceable reward allocation. This is achieved through the modification and extension of the concept of decentralized trading for cryptocurrencies to make payments (i.e., rewards) sent to a recipient (i.e., the participant) untraceable. Furthermore, the use of the Diffie-Hellman Exchange Protocol is modified to enable participants to create their own untraceable reward currency in the form of tokens to which the service provider can then assign value. The preservation of identity privacy is demonstrated by way of proof. The performance of the approach is also evaluated.


Resta proposed a definition of the electric polarization in one-dimensional systems in terms of the ground-state expectation value of the large gauge transformation operator. Vanishing of the expectation value in the thermodynamic limit implies that the system is a conductor. We study Resta's polarization amplitude (expectation value) in the $S=1/2$ XXZ chain and its several generalizations, in the gapless conducting Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid phase. We obtain an analytical expression in the lowest-order perturbation theory about the free fermion point (XY chain) and an exact result for the Haldane-Shastry model with long-range interactions. We also obtain numerical results, mostly using the exact diagonalization method. We find that the amplitude exhibits a power-law scaling in the system size (chain length) and vanishes in the thermodynamic limit. On the other hand, the exponent depends on the model even when the low-energy limit is described by the Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid with the same Luttinger parameter. We find that a change in the exponent occurs when the Umklapp term(s) are eliminated, suggesting the importance of the Umklapp terms.


For sequent snapshots routing algorithm,the length of time interval will impact not only on the routing performance,but also the storage capacity and update cost of routing table in the low earth orbit satellite networks.To support the algorithm with topology snapshots changing over equal-length interval,we proposed an alternative way to guarantee against intra-interval interruption of path.By analysis and simulations,this paper investigated the relations between the length of time interval and the packet loss ratio,link utilization,as well as end-to-end delay.Simulation results show that the proposed method significantly reduces total packet loss rate,hence the packet loss rate caused by path handover delay tends to decrease as the length of interval increases.As a result,the proposed algorithm strikes a good balance between storage requirements and network performance.Besides,the paper presents an improved storage method,which further reduces the demand for storage on-board.


A two-dimensional transmitting coil array is used to expand receiving area in wireless power transfer with magnetically coupled resonance. The effect of the array is discussed in this paper. The transmitting coil array has more than one resonant frequency due to mutual coupling between transmitting coils. Therefore, we propose a method of designing the transmitting coil array and the receiving coil to keep high transmission efficiency in wider receiving area. The computer analysis and the experiment show the improvement of transmission efficiency of the proposed method.


his paper examines the use of language in refocusing women education for sustainable development using the literary theory of feminism as viewed in Sefi Atta's novel, "Everything Good Will Come". This paper is designed to be T descriptive and interpretative of the language of oppression as derived from the feminist's perspective. Feminism in this work is viewed as a protest against all forms of discrimination and oppression against women in a patriarchal society. The female characters in the novel are portrayed as growing up from adolescent to adulthood and are misrepresented, neglected, dehumanized and underestimated by their male counterparts. This has given the girl-child the concern to question the essence of her existence. This paper therefore shows how Atta has used language in her novel to showcase and condemn oppression and particularly female subjugation in an African patriarchal society setting, and projects women as embodiment of virtue, hard work, resourcefulness and strength. It reflects the need to train the girl-child in the face of the age-long culturally assigned role in the society. This will help to refocus the education of women for sustainable quality education .


This is an educational issue much discussed  in many familias and teachers. Facing the demands of these terrible children or, as Aucouturier calls them"enfants terribles", who abuse their families, parents find themselves with few resources to impose limits. Parents discomfort its increasing, blaming of not being "good parents", using authoritarian or laissez-faire. The problem of these children is that the atmosphere where they live can't say "no" to them, the parents are not able to put them limits, they have difficulties in imposing. Given these dynamics, How can we enforce authority, knowing that this authority is an educational action involved in the psyche of the child and his social evolution?


Abstract Aims Recurrence of arrhythmia after catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) in the form of atypical atrial flutter (AFL) is common among a significant number of patients and often requires redo ablation with limited success rates. Identifying patients at high risk of AFL after AF ablation could aid in patient selection and personalized ablation approach. The study aims to assess the relationship between pre-existing atrial cardiomyopathy and the occurrence of AFL following AF ablation. Methods and results We analysed a cohort of 1007 consecutive AF patients who underwent catheter ablation and were included in a prospective registry. Patients who did not have baseline cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE-CMR) or did not experience any recurrences were excluded. A total of 166 patients were included gathering 56 patients who underwent re-ablation due to AFL recurrences and 110 patients who underwent re-ablation due to AF recurrences (P = 0.11). A multiparametric assessment of atrial cardiomyopathy was based on basal LGE-CMR, including left atrial (LA) volume, LA sphericity, and global and segmental LA fibrosis using semiautomated post-processing software. Out of the initial cohort of 1007 patients, AFL and AF occurred in 56 and 110 patients, respectively. An age higher than 65 [odds ratio (OR) = 5.6, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.2–14.4], the number of previous ablations (OR = 3.0, 95% CI: 1.2–7.8), and the management of ablation lines in the index procedure (OR = 2.5, 95% CI: 1.0–6.3) were independently associated with AFL occurrence. Furthermore, several characteristics assessed by LGE-CMR were identified as independent predictors of AFL recurrence after the index ablation for AF, such as enhanced LA sphericity (OR = 1.3, 95% CI: 1.1–1.6), LA global fibrosis (OR = 1.03, 95% CI: 1.01–1.07), and increased fibrosis in the lateral wall (OR = 1.03, 95% CI: 1.01–1.04). Conclusion Advanced atrial cardiomyopathy assessed by LGE-CMR, such as increased LA sphericity, global LA fibrosis, and fibrosis in the lateral wall, is independently associated with arrhythmia recurrence in the form of AFL following AF ablation.


At the kind invitation of ACM SIGSAM Chair Emil Volcheck, this will start a series of regular columns on open source computer algebra systems. I will consider this series a success if it encourages one of you to contribute in even a small way (submit a bug report or just an encouraging email to the developers!) to one of the systems listed below.


The technique of isotopic geological thermometer was applied to paleotemperature reconstruction of sea-water since being put forward,which was subsequently introduced into lacustrine sediments.Two aspects with regards to the quantificational research of paleotemperature from oxygen isotope records for lacustrine carbonates are of much concern.One is the influencing mechanism of temperature on oxygen isotope composition,another is related to the relation between Sr/Ca of lacustrine ostracodes and paleosalinity.Further,the corresponding critique is given in this paper.


Traditionally, television has been analysed as a national domestic medium. However, technological, political and regulatory developments in the last two decades have introduced a complexity of new forces which are transforming the medium into an international one. Such forces as supra-national regulatory activity, the international trade in television and the development of transfrontier television are creating new alliances and practices among politicians, broadcasters and media organizations and are bringing about the transformation of the medium. This paper sets out both to identify and document the process of internationalization.


The variation of beta-follicle stimulating hormone (FSH-β) and dopaine receptor 2 (DRD2) gene in 305 Huainan partridge chickens were detected by PCR-SSCP , and the association of the polymorphisms of FSH-β and DRD2 gene with early laying performance were analyzed. Sequencing results showed that there was a T→G mutation in FSH-β gene , genotype frequency of TT was significantly higher than TG , while GG was not found ; 28 weeks egg number of TT genotype was significantly higher than that of TG genotype (P 0.01) . There was a A→G mutation in DRD2, the age at first egg of GG genotype was significantly earlier than that of other genotypes (P 0.05) and egg number was significantly higher than that of other genotypes (P 0.05) .


Is the preaching that work is a vocation of God still relevant? According to the view of the Reformers Luther and Calvin work is a vocation of God. This article attemps to establish whether this view is still valid today. A number of factors that contribute to presentday Christians experiencing this view as problematical, are discussed. As a result of this experience the theologian Miroslav Volf argues that the Reformed view of work as a vocation of God should be relinquished. Contrary to Volf, the author of the article argues that the view of the Reformers can and should be retained. A more dynamic interpretation of work as vocation of God should, however, be given and the comprehensive theological framework within which the Bible views work, should be respected.


Purpose: Many research studies have con- sistently found that a variety of individuals who do not stutter report stereotypical attitudes toward stuttering and people who stutter (PWS). There is less agreement regard- ing whether certain characteristics of listeners, such as their relative familiarity with PWS and their gender, have any effect on the attitudes they report regarding PWS. The purpose of this study was to explore whether normally flu- ent speakers would report negative stereotypical attitudes toward PWS and whether they perceived certain careers as less appropriate choices for PWS. In addition, the impact of the participants' familiarity with stuttering and gender were explored using both quantitative and qualitative methods. Method: One-hundred and fifty-four individuals from the general population completed a questionnaire that included both open-ended and forced-choice items. The participants'


I approach my initial task with some trepidation, knowing the fine standards of obstetric care in Scandinavia and the many original scientific contributions that have flowed, and continue to flow, from your Association. My task is made even more difficult by the fact that my subject relates to the commonest problem that obstetricians have to face, even though the nature of that problem has altered significantly over the last twenty years in most West European countries. I have no intention of entering the debate about the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia, or to discuss the difficulties of differential diagnosis, but rather to approach the problem of management of pregnancyassociated hypertension from its presentation in clinical practice. In practical terms, it is often impossible to establish with absolute certainty if there is any underlying renal or vascular pathology as a basis in a particular individual for the development of a raised blood pressure during pregnancy. My definition of pre-eclampsia for the purpose of this lecture and I confess to a preference for the term pregnancy-associated hypertension is the development of a raised blood pressure (mean arterial pressure 2103.3 mmHg) in the second half of pregnancy on two or more occasions with or without proteinuria in a woman who has previously been normotensive. In the most severe form of the condition, there is a serious risk of cerebral haemorrhage, renal failure, placental abruption and fetal death. In the least severe form of the condition, there is probably no risk to either mother or fetus. In general terms, the severity of the condition hds been matched by the harshness of the treatment. Zuspan & Ward (26) in describing the management of the eclamptic woman, said that "she has been blistered, bled, purged, packed, lavaged, irrigated, punctured, starved, sedated, anaesthetized, paralysed, tranquilised, rendered hypotensive, drowned, been given diuretics, had mammectomy, been dehydrated, forcibly delivered and neglected". To these procedures, Chesley (8) has added ureteral catheterization, implantation of ureters in the colon, renal decapsulation, drainage of spinal fluid, cisternal puncture, trepanation, ventral suspension of the uterus, postpartum curettage and oophorectomy. Present-day management may lack the more colourful elements employed by our predecessors but it still enjoys a strong element of empiricism.


venes experts from within and outside VA to examine an issue in depth and assess strengths and weaknesses. The goal of the conference was to scrutinize the state of the information systems and databases on which VA relies in performing its mission to provide health care to veterans. This supplement to Medical Care presents some of the findings of that scrutiny. The Department of Veterans Affairs HSRD Congress first appropriated funds for it in 1976.1 The objectives of the HSR&D Service are as follows:


Vanadyl Phosphate (VOPO4) is an attractive candidate for catalytic materials. Previous works by S. C. Lim, R. Gautier, N. Dupre, et al,have reported that VOPO4 co-exists in seven polymorphs including α Ι-, α Ι′-, α II-, β-, γ-, δ-, ε-, and ω-VOPO4. However, there is no systematic investigation on these seven polymorphs. Here, based on density functional theory (DFT) calculations, all these structures, stability and the differences of band structures are compared in detail. The results show that α Ι-, α Ι′-, α II-, β-, γ-, and ε-VOPO4 are indirect bandgap semiconductors, while δ-VOPO4 exhibits a direct band structure and ω-VOPO4 belongs to insulators. Our work can shed light on the perspective of the application of VOPO4.


Central Slavonia, which was transversed by important transit routes along the Sava and Drava Rivers, and the Požega Valley, with its graphite deposits, were areas desired by both the Scordisci and Taurisci. Since most of the settlements and necropolises located along the Orljava and Lonđa Rivers in the eastern section of the Požega Valley contain artefacts characteristic of the Scordisci, it is believed that they in fact controlled the area where the Orljava flows out of the valley toward the Sava, which was the best entry into the Požega Valley from the south. The imports of bronze pottery and weapons came from the west along the valley of the Sava River. This transit route went through areas inhabited by the Taurisci, and that is why we should not be surprised by the finds bearing the characteristics of their culture. The third, and so far the least known component of the material culture belongs to the autochthonous Pannonian population, probably the Breuci, who left an indelible trace in Roman historical sources and memoirs. The task of future research is to more clearly define this component.


The internal field distribution in the vortex state of YBa2Cu3O6.60 is shown to be a sensitive measure of both the magnetic penetration depth and the vortex-core radius. The temperature dependence of the vortex core radius is found to be weaker than in the conventional superconductor NbSe2 and much weaker than theoretical predictions for an isolated vortex. The effective vortex-core radius decreases sharply with increasing H, whereas the penetration depth is found to be much stronger than in NbSe2.


This paper explores an Israeli professional community on Twitter practicing educational technology. Networking analysis of 42 users and 296 structural connections among them revealed that the adoption of Twitter was normally distributed and active participation was asymmetrical - 14.3% of users produced 80% of the tweets. Investment in participation was highly gratified by influence on the audience.


INTRODUCTION It might sound oxymoronic that the concept of denialism could be applied to, and discussed in, the context of international organisations and institutions. Denialism is understood as a behaviour (or behavioural pattern) which primarily concerns individuals or groups of people. Its content could be extended to additionally cover sovereign states. However, even in such cases it would principally be the population of a state exhibiting denialism as a form of personal conduct when dealing with a specific issue or when trying to avoid dealing with it. Indeed, it is in the nature of people, either individually or in unison, to refuse to accept facts, events or beliefs which are widely held by others, even when they are objectively regarded as being true, accurate and scientifically correct. In such instances denialism could be perceived as a means of self-preservation. To have done otherwise could have led to facing new realities contradicting what was understood as the absolute truth for many decades or even for centuries. The above considerations also apply to states. Particularly so when to deny facts or events is used for domestic consumption promoting the agenda of the government of the day or when it has reached the stage of becoming official state policy. In the latter case denialism will influence foreign relations and dealings with third countries. Often the acceptance by one state of an event or historical situation vehemently denied by another state could lead to breakdown in diplomatic relations. While individuals and states exhibit the attributes of denialism and could spend time, energy and money to promote and to defend their position, international organisations do not prima facie have the characteristics associated with denialism. Here lies the oxymoron: during the exercise of their mandate and the implementation of their goals, as laid down in the constitutive instrument and interpreted through their action (or inaction), international organisations may exhibit denialism in the sense of deliberately refusing to do one or both of the following, which fall within their legitimate powers and functions: (a) adopt specific measures; and (b) order Member States to follow a particular behaviour or to abstain from it.


Sequential resonant and nonresonant tunneling have been investigated in doped GaAs/AlGaAs multiple quantum wells. Negative differential resistance attributable to high field domains expanding through the structure are observed. It is argued that the conductance mechanism is changing with increasing bias, from resonant ground‐state tunneling in the low bias regime to nonresonant ground and ground to first exited state in the oscillating differential resistance regime. At higher bias the evolution from nonresonant to resonant tunneling is studied. Calculated tunneling currents are in good agreement with the measured currents both for on and off resonance.


A password management method, a password management system and a terminal device. The method comprises: enabling a login interface of an application program (S101); acquiring biological feature information about a user, and enabling a corresponding password bank according to the biological feature information about the user (S102); determining whether there are an account name and a password corresponding to the application program in the password bank (S103); and if so, calling the account name and the password corresponding to the application program from the password bank and inputting same into the login interface of the application program (S104).


Objective: Apolipoprotein E-deficient mice (apoE ) on a regular diet become hypercholesterolemic and develop atherosclerosis, but endothelium-dependent relaxation remains undisturbed for up to 6 months. We investigated whether vasomotor dysfunction develops in 2 / 2 aged apoE , whether the defect was systemic (hypercholesterolemia-dependent) or focal (plaque-related), and the effect of human 2 / 22 / 22 / 2 apolipoprotein AI transgenesis (apoAI / E ). Methods: Arteries of apoE (n55), apoAI / E (n56) and C57Bl6 / 6J (WT, n54) mice (18 months) were systematically dissected for isometric tension recording and subsequent morphometry. Results: Acetylcholine 2 / 2 (ACh)-induced relaxation was impaired (P,0.01) in atherosclerotic segments of apoE (26614%) as compared to WT mice (9362%). 2 / 2 Similar reduced (P,0.01) responses to adenosine 59-triphosphate (apoE 38614, WT 9463%) and the calcium ionophore A23187 2 / 2 (apoE 1966%, WT 9762%) pointed to a post-receptor defect. Indeed, responses to exogenous nitric oxide were impaired in 2 / 2 atherosclerotic segments as well (apoE 7167%, WT 9261%, P,0.05). Furthermore, relaxations inversely correlated with plaque size 2 / 2 (ACh r 520.74, P,0.01). In adjacent plaque-free segments however, responses to ACh (apoE 9263%, WT 9761%) and all other s agents were preserved, despite the prolonged hypercholesterolemia. ApoAI improved vasomotor responses in atherosclerotic segments. 2 / 2 However, negative correlations between maximal relaxation and plaque area remained in apoAI / E mice (ACh r 520.67, P,0.01). s


Combined with the development requirements of current environmental art mining system, the design method of environmental art design element mining system based on deep learning is optimized, and the hardware configuration of environmental art design element mining system is introduced.
 Combined with the principle of deep learning, the system software operation algorithm and function are improved, so as to improve the effect of environmental art design element mining, Ensure the operation effect of the system to the greatest extent. Finally, the experiment proves that the
 environment art design element mining system based on deep learning has high effectiveness in the practical application process, which can better guide the design of environment art and fully meet the research requirements.


Abstract A gas chromatographic method is described for aminothiols and disulfides. This method is based upon the formation of the trimethysilyl derivatives and their separation by gas chromatography. The kinetics of the derivative formation were investigated. A synthetic method for C4 to C6 aminothiols is given.


Myristica swamps were first described from Kulathupuzha in Kerala State in 1960. They have also been reported from Karnataka and Goa. Much of the Myristica swamps have been converted into paddy fields and the ecosystem has been highlighted as most critically needing conservation. Myristica swamps need special non-biotic conditions to develop, hence these ecosystems have become highly restricted and fragmented. In Kerala, these swamps are present in Anchal and Kulathupuzha Forest Ranges and Shendurney Wildlife Sanctuary (between 77. 27 and 77. 58 E and 8.74N and 9.03, below 200m MSL (so far wrongly reported as 300m). This study is the first of its kinds to map 60 individual swamp patches which constitute 1.5 km which hardly make up 0.004% of the total land area of Kerala and 0.014% of the total forest area of the state. Mapping was done using a combination of GPS in relatively open areas and conventional survey under dense canopy. The swamps have been accurately plotted over 1:50,000 SOI toposheets enabling accurate relocation, spatial analysis and 3D visualization. Average annual rainfall of the area during the period of study was 1284.9 mm, and was distributed fairly well across the months. January and February were the driest months. Temperature varied between 29.5o C to 13o C. Winds of both South Western and North Eastern monsoons affect the area and the latter is characterized by thundershowers. Each swamp has a central stream, which causes inundation of the swamps. Each swamp has different inundation characteristics such as time period of inundation, depth of inundation and area under inundation. Many of the swamps dry up during the months of December to March. Water table beneath the ground recedes below 50 cm during summer. The soils of these swamps vary in texture from sandy soils to sandy loams to silt loams and rarely clay loams depending on locational factors including geology and physiography of the land; gradational variations within the swamps being not uncommon. In general, most of the swamp soils are acidic (pH 4.5-6.0, exchange acidity < 2 cmol kg, exchangeable bases < 5 cmol kg) nonsaline (electrical conductivity <70 μs cm) and with low organic carbon content of 0.3 to 1.3%. But highly acidic peaty soil with pH values of 3 4 and organic carbon content of < 20% is also encountered. Gleying is common down the profile in most swamps except those that are very coarse textured. The vegetation inside and outside the swamps have been analyzed using a total of 33 sample plots of 0.33 ha area each. Shrubs have been enumerated in subplots of 4x4m and herbs in subplots of 1x1m. All the species have been digitally photographed with close up views. Eighty two trees and ninety four species of herbs/shrubs constitute the vegetation. Forty nine lianas have also been recorded. Twelve of these plants species have been redlisted and about 28 species of them are endemic to Western Ghats. Out of the 19 sample plots, Gymnacranthera farquhariana was


We study the sewing constraints for rational two-dimensional conformal field theory on oriented surfaces with possibly non-empty boundary. The boundary condition is taken to be the same on all segm ...


Abstract Health and social care professionals are gatekeepers to, and custodians of, confidential service user information. In the United Kingdom (UK), police investigations have unveiled cases of payments being made to public service officials by journalists in return for service user information. The purpose of this discussion is to investigate such cases in the context of high-security forensic care. This paper provides a discussion drawing upon two UK-based case studies of prosecutions of public service workers relating to the sale of confidential information. The analysis presented here illuminates upon the salient and connected issues at work that have led to the transgression of legal obligations and professional responsibilities/principles of confidentiality. A fuller reading of the context in which these transgressions occur, and motivations that exist, may well serve to inform policy, training, guidance or vigilance in relation to the preserving of service user information in the future.


Depression is the most common mental disease, and yet the best method of its cure is to use SSRIs like fluoxetine. But apart from the effects of fluoxetine on the depression treatment, its side effects on different biological system of the body. In this paper we have tested 45 male patients in 3 groups each of which contained 15 persons. The first group used fluoxetine (20 mg/kl per day) for a period less than 6 months, and the second group used the same doze of fluoxetine for a period more than 6 months. The third group known as the control group contained 15 healthy men who were quite normal in the studied factors of the research. The findings of the research imply that the comparison between the first group and the control group showed no significant change. But in comparison between the second group and the control group it was shown that the fluoxetine leads to the reduction of testosterone (1±14.44 vs. 1±5.26). According to the results of this research, time-dependent fluoxetine usage is effective on the scale of sexual hormone so that the increase in the duration of the usage will lead to more sensible changes. The increase of the human wants, and the failure in the fulfillment of such wishes and wants all make the people apt to suffer from the mental problems. We can observe some very undesirable side effects of the medicines on the patients; thus the study of the effects of a drug on the textures, organs, and the structures of the body is as valuable as the discovery of that drug itself. One of the most common medicines for the patients with mental problems is the class of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) among which the fluoxetine is the most commonly used drug. Being used daily with the dosage of 10 or 20 mg/kl per day, this drug has been effective leading to the reduction of the depression, anxiety, fear, and obsession. The studies on the effects of the fluoxetine on the hormones, blood components, sexual behaviors, period pains, diabetes, changes of the ions, and the weight of the body have offered interesting results for the researchers. These findings have resulted in some suggestions for those people who use fluoxetine [5]. Such suggestions and advices aim to decrease the risks of the subjected medicine. It is necessary for the patients in general and cardiovascular and diabetes patients in particular to be aware of the effects and consequences of it. In this research we have tried to study the effects of the fluoxetine usage on the testosterone hormone of the men and its relationship with the duration of the drug usage and its subsequent changes of the testosterone.


Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) represent a novel therapy for patients with advanced malignancies with promising results.1 It employs antibodies targeting cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) or programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/ programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) to reverse the immunosuppression by the tumour cells. However, there has been increasing evidence that the suppression of immune regulation could be accompanied by immune-mediated adverse events, involving not only the neurological, endocrine, pulmonary, gastrointestinal and renal systems, but also the cardiovascular one.2 ICI-associated cardiotoxicity includes myocarditis, pericarditis, atherosclerosis, arrhythmias and vasculitis. Among them, myocarditis is a rare but potentially life-threatening immune-mediated adverse effect related to ICI, with a reported mortality of 25–50%.3 In their retrospective single-centre study published in this issue of the Journal, Palaskas et al.4 reviewed a combination of troponin T levels, electrocardiogram, echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR), and endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) findings, in 28 consecutive patients with suspected ICI myocarditis. This is the largest single-centre cohort with systematic performance of EMB in patients with suspected ICI-related myocarditis. The aim was to characterize by histopathology the spectrum of so-called 'myocardial inflammation' including myocarditis and to correlate with the clinical outcome and therapy. A grading system (Grades 0–2) based on the degree of inflammatory cell infiltrate [i.e. 10–20, 21–40 or >40 cells/high power field (HPF)] was developed by pathologists, by combining the Dallas criteria for myocarditis, based upon findings on Haematoxylin & Eosin stained slides, and the World Heart Federation (WHF) criteria based upon immune histochemical count of inflammatory cells per HPF. Noteworthy, only Grade 2 inflammatory


Effect of homogenizing annealing followed by isothermal normalizing on microstructure,hardness of 20CrMoH gear steel and final heat treatment distortion of gear has been investigated. The results show that the homogenizing annealing followed by isothermal normalizing may improve the banded structure in the 20CrMoH steel,allow the hardness distribution to become more uniform and the final heat treatment distortion amount of gear not to exceed 30 μm.


Since B.Spolsky's suggestion of the concept,educational linguistics,as a discipline,in 1972,these decades have witnessed much development in this field.Based on literature analyses and relating to the disciplinary nature of educational linguistics,this paper distinguishes the implications of,and differences between educational linguistics and language education in China,as well as their relationship.Furthermore,some reflections and suggestions are put forward for the development of Chinese educational linguistics.


Part I. An array of twentieth century associative algebra: Direct product and sums of rings and modules and the structure of fields Introduction to ring theory: Schur's lemma and semisimple rings, prime and primitive rings, nil, prime and Jacobson radicals Direct sum decompositions of projective and injective modules Direct product decompositions of von Neumann regular rings and self-injective rings Direct sums of cyclic modules When injectives are flat: Coherent FP-injective rings Direct decompositions and dual generalizations of Noetherian rings Completely decomposable modules and the Krull-Schmidt-Azumaya theorem Polynomial rings over Vamosian and Kerr rings, valuation rings and Prufer rings Isomorphic polynomial rings and matrix rings Group rings and Maschke's theorem revisited Maximal quotient rings Morita duality and dual rings Krull and global dimensions Polynomial identities and PI-rings Unions of primes, prime avoidance, associated prime ideals, ACC on irreducible ideals and annihilator ideals in commutative rings Dedekind's theorem on the independence of automorphisms revisited Part II. Snapshots of some mathematical friends and places: Snapshots of some mathematical friends and places Index to part II (snapshots) Bibliography Register of names Index of terms and authors of theorems.


The invention relates to a rotor spacing adjusting structure of a rotor spinning machine. The rotor spacing adjusting structure of the rotor spinning machine comprises a damping bush and a rotor, wherein the rotor is mounted inside the damping bush through a rotor connector, and the damping bush is mounted inside the mounting hole of a bearing seat. The rotor spacing adjusting structure of the rotor spinning machine is characterized in that the rear portion of the bearing seat is provided with an adjusting board, and the adjusting board is rotatably connected to the bearing seat through a vertically-arranged pin; the rear portion of the bearing seat is provided with a notch which is communicated with the rear portion of the mounting hole; the front end surface of the adjusting board on the right of the pin penetrates the notch, extends inside the mounting hole and is in contact with the rear end surface of the rotor connector; the vertical wall of the bearing seat is threadedly connected with an ejection screw which is arranged in the fore and back direction, and the rear end of the ejection screw is in contact with the front end surface of the adjusting board on the left of the pin. An operator can rotate the ejection screw at the front end of the spinning machine, the ejection screw can push the adjusting board, the adjusting board pushes the rotor connector to move forwards and backwards, and the forward and backward movement of the rotor connector can drive the damping bush and the rotor to move forwards and backwards together, accordingly rotor spacing adjustment can be achieved.


Abstract Oryginality and objective – Research on the pricing of stocks listed on developed markets shows inexplicable deviation from the pricing that could be observed with CAPM validity. A similar anomaly is found on the Polish market. Reasons for inconsistent pricing with CAPM are unknown, and they are the main objective of this research. Method – The study is conducted using stocks listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange in 1995–2012. Quintile stock portfolios are formed on the basis of strategies widely used by investors. The study is carried out in several modes. In the subsequent modes penny stocks with the market values below 0.5, 1.5, 5.0 and 15.0 PLN are eliminated. Results – It is conjectured that both penny stocks and improper procedures for the test portfolios forming contribute to inconsistent stock pricing in light of the CAPM. The studies show that results are in line with the extended conjectures. Also, study results indicate that speculative stocks are mostly penny stocks, however, it is not possible to explicitly state that penny stock are speculative.


Pin joints are used in many items of industrial machinery where two structural members are required to articulate. A pin is assembled between typically four bushes. As the members articulate the pin rotates relatively slowly inside the bushes. A hydraulic test machine has been developed to load and articulate a 56 mm diameter pin held in four bushes, typical of that found in earth moving machinery and aircraft landing gear. The rig is capable of applying realistic loads and speeds of articulation, whilst measuring torque and angular displacement. The test machine design and operation is described. The pin joint is lubricated with mineral oil based grease. Joint rotation is relatively slow and hydrodynamic calculations predict that the joint operates in the boundary regime. During a single cycle the torque remains largely constant, with a static friction peak at the beginning and end of the cycle. Measurements of the torque during articulation demonstrate friction coefficients varying from 0.02 to 0.12 depending on the rotational speed. The contact stress distribution between the pin and bushes was estimated by an ultrasonic method. An ultrasonic pulse was sent through the hollow pin and reflected back from the pin-bush interface. High contact pressures causes conformity between the pin and bush and so the wave passes through. The proportion of the sound wave reflected was used to estimate the contact stress distribution. The results showed how the stress is maximum in the outer bushes and over a 60° arc of the pin. The results of the study can be used to understand how pin joints function and how they may be optimised.Copyright © 2007 by ASME


for and against women doctors, but, whatever views may be held upon the subject, there is no denying the fact that women doctors have come to stay, and in increasing numbers. One of our correspondents questioned the temperamental qualifications of women; a writer in the Manchester Guardian claims emphatically that experience has disposed of such doubts. Women who have qualified and have assumed duties of house surgeons at hospitals have proved that in physical endurance, knack in surgical practice, tact in dealing with patients, and judgment in emergencies they rival men doctors.