The International Trade commission can recommend trade protection for industries that demonstrate they have been "injured" by imports. An analysis of the financial and political attributes of firms that file petitions indicates that they have access to outside capital, are in industries with a large number of firms, and have Washington offices.


Ultastructural studies of oocyte degeneration and follicle cells in female Spisula sachalinensis are described for clams collected from Jumunjin, Gangwondo, Korea. The follicle cells playan integral role in vitellogenesis and oocyte degeneration by assimilating products originating from the degenerated oocytes (thus allowed the transfer of yolk precursors needed for vitellogenesis). The functions of the follicle cells include phagocytosis and intracellular digestion of products originating from oocyte degeneration. During the period of oocyte degeneration, follicle cells of this species probably have lysosomal systems for the breakdown and reabsorption of various phagosomes(phagolysosomes) in the cytoplasm for nutrient storage; this process has been observed in other bivalves.


universal standard: political equality in the form of one person, one vote. Whether this should be combined with winner-takes-all or proportional distribution is another matter; McDonald and Budge do not discuss this, and merely assume a winner-takes-all, majority-rule view of democracy. I am not rejecting median mandate theory, an exciting and important development. McDonald and Budge show its advantages over traditional government mandate theory (pp. 20–5), 'kick the rascals out' approaches (p. 92), and simple equality-based evaluations of electoral systems (p. 118). PR-based median mandates are more majoritarian than 'pluralitarian' democracies, like the UK (p. 236). Most importantly, median mandate theory includes aspects of majoritarian and consensus models: 'alternating pluralities' and 'consensus majorities' are different paths to median mandates, although the former is better (p. 136). These are significant normative ideas: all of us must update our models of electoral democracy. So, median mandate theory is not a unified model of democracy, and it does not represent proportional democracy fairly, but it is an important middle ground between some competing theoretical factions.


This study focuses on the investigation of potential calcium-based, low-cost sorbent materials for post-combustion CO2 capture via Carbonate Looping. Mineral limestone, carbide slag and white mud w...


Focused Electron Beam Induced Processing allows to generate nanocrystalline materials with metallic conductivity and also nanogranular materials with metal crystals embedded in a fullerene matrix, which shows at room temperature 1000 times better conductivity than superconductors at 40 K due to a Bose Einstein Condensate. Resistors and field emitters carry > 50 MA/cm2 current density and deliver up to 1 mA current by field emission, having an enlarged foot point contact to normal metal like Gold. An explanation for the different characteristics is given. The reason for the generation of the Bose Einstein Condensate is explained, and applications are described.


Every day, millions of documents in the form of articles, tweets, and blog posts are generated by Internet users. Many of these documents are not annotated with labels making the task of retrieving similar documents non-trivial. The process of grouping similar unannotated documents together is called document clustering. When properly done, a cluster should only contain documents that are related to each other in some manner. In this paper we propose a clustering technique based on Gaussian word embeddings which we illustrate using word2gauss. We demonstrate that the method produces coherent clusters that approach the performance of K-means on Purity and Entropy scores while achieving higher recall as measured by Inverse Purity. Keywords—Document clustering; word embeddings; information retrieval


and saw that it would be profitable. Historians have never been disposed to underestimate the religious liberty of Maryland under the Calvert rule, and no reason appears for Dr. Ives' feeling that injustice has been done. The good record of Maryland is not magnified by his prejudiced attack on Roger Williams. Determined to establish priority for Maryland, he even denies to Williams significance in regard to religious liberty: "a strong and bitter religious prejudice dominated his whole life." He gives a chapter to Williams, but ignores his Providence compact of 1636, containing the principle of religious liberty, and The Bloudy Tenent of 1644, a classic statement of the idea of liberty of conscience, which Andrews says "is not to be found in any of Lord Baltimore's utterances of the first fifteen years."


Phosphomolybdate functionalized graphene nanocomposite (PMo12-GS) has been successfully formed on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) for the detection of ascorbic acid (AA). The obtained PMo12-GS modified GCE, was characterized by cyclic voltammetry, electro- chemical impedance spectroscopy, scanning electron mi- croscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and compared with GCE, GS modified GCE, and PMo12 modified GCE. It shows an increased current and a decrease in over-potential of ~ 210 mV. The amperometric signals are linearly proportional to the AA concentration in a wide concentration range from 1 � 10 6 Mt o 8 � 10 3 M, with a detection limit of 0.5 � 10 6 M. The PMo12-GS modified electrode was employed for the determination of the AA level in vitamin C tab- lets, with recoveries between 96.3 and 100.8 %.


The practical application of the nuclear reaction 19F(p,αγ)16O to the determination of fluorine is outlined. Analysis in liquid and gaseous phases suffers from the need to use a proton transmission foil. In principle, solids can be analysed inside the accelerator vacuum, but it is shown that powder targets can be handled more easily by using a foil.Lack of independent standards has prevented absolute calibrations, but it has been demonstrated that fluorine in gases can be determined at relatively high levels (5 to 100 per cent.) by a simple system that could easily be adapted, by the use of thicker foils and higher bombarding energies, to reach much lower levels.Determinations in liquids have been carried out in the range 20 p.p.m. to 10 per cent. of fluorine in aqueous solutions. There is no obvious reason to rule out acidic and alkaline solutions that do not attack the proton window or its holder.Pellet targets were tried for analysis in solids, and it is shown how such targets, made by mixing fluorine salts with iron powder, are usually inhomogeneous. Thus, without independent solid standards the method appears to present difficulties, especially in view of the "thin target" behaviour of the pelleted samples. Bombardment of powders, through a foil window, is shown to be a practical alternative, and it has been demonstrated in a selection of ground rock samples that fluorine is distributed homogeneously throughout a given sample.The importance of the stopping power, and hence a knowledge of the molecular form in which the fluorine occurs, has been emphasised for solids; the situation is far less critical for solutions, and for very weak solutions it has been demonstrated that chemical form is immaterial.Interferences are not important, except for aluminium and possibly lithium. The theoretical limits of detection are in good agreement with those observed in practice, being about 20 p.p.m. for the particular background and experimental arrangement used.


In these essays, I study the long-term effects of education policies and birth order on educational and labor market outcomes. In my first chapter I study the long-term effects of one of the first early education programs in the US – the Kindergarten Movement (1890-1910). I collected unique data on the opening of public kindergartens across cities in the US during this period. I then link over 100,000 children living in these cities to subsequent Censuses where their adult outcomes can be observed. I find that kindergarten attendance had large effects on adult outcomes. On average, the affected cohorts had about 0.6 additional years of schooling and six percent more income (as measured by occupational score). These effects were substantially larger for second generation immigrant children. The effects of this early intervention are most likely due to language acquisition and the attainment of various "soft skills" early in childhood.The second chapter was co-authored with Maria Laura Alzua and Leonardo Gasparini, who directed the project. In this chapter, we study the long-term effects of an educational reform in Argentina. In the nineties Argentina implemented a large education reform that mainly implied the extension of compulsory education in two additional years. The timing in the implementation substantially varied across provinces, providing a source of identification of the causal effects of the reform. The estimations from difference-in-difference models suggest that the reform had a positive impact on years of education and the probability of high school graduation. The impact on labor market outcomes was positive for the non-poor youths, but almost null for the poor. In my third chapter I use US historical data to empirically test whether long-term birth order effects differ across the leading and lagging regions of the country in the Pre-War World II period. To do so, I create a large panel dataset by linking more than two million children across the 1920 and the 1940 full census counts, and to the World War II army enlistment records. I then study birth order effects on various long-term outcomes (with emphasis on educational outcomes). I find that in general, birth order effects are positive in the "developing" south—i.e. younger siblings do better than older siblings— and negative in the relatively modern north, which is consistent with the available evidence from contemporary data for developed and developing countries. I then exploit state level variation to show that birth order effects are positively correlated with the share of rural population, child labor rates and negatively correlated with the level mechanization in agriculture. I also show that, regardless the state of birth, the effects tend to be larger for the poor. Finally, I complement the analysis by looking at birth order effects on earnings and adult height. While I find relatively similar results for earnings, I find no birth order effects on adult height, which suggests that we can rule out improvements in health or nutrition as the potential mechanisms behind the effects on education and labor outcomes.


Aqueous solutions of aluminum chloride exhibit a deep eutectic (-52˚C) that is likely due to solute-directed formation of complex network structures in the solvent. It is well known that the solute-bound solvent must have a distinct chemical environment from that of the bulk solvent. Commonly used vibrational spectroscopic measurements of aqueous salt solutions are not selective enough to directly identify distinct water environments in solution. However, variable-temperature 1H-NMR spectroscopy of aqueous solutions, specifically those with high charge density salts, can distinguish water directly bound to the cation from water of the bulk solution. This unique ability to resolve characteristic water peaks by NMR spectroscopy affords the opportunity to explore the hydration structure and dynamics of deep-eutectic aqueous solutions. The aqueous AlCl3 system is an excellent model to study solution structure since we can exploit the high charge density of the ions for which strong ion-dipole interactions are structure-directing to the solvent waters, allowing resolution of distinct water chemical environments. We conducted a thorough investigation of the composition- and temperature-dependent solution structure of the AlCl3 : water system using 1H-NMR spectroscopy, and X-ray and neutron diffraction. The room-temperature proton chemical shift of water proceeds downfield with increasing salt concentration until AlCl3•22H2O, the eutectic composition, after which further increasing concentration results in an upfield chemical shift (see Figure.) Using VT-NMR, we can resolve the first-nearest neighbor water signals from the bulk signal upon cooling. 1H-NMR T1 and T2 relaxation measurement of the distinct water environments reveal stark differences in proton mobility for compositions on the water-rich versus AlCl3-rich sides of the eutectic, implying significant changes in hydration structure. To evaluate the extent to which these changes are structural, a parallel set of composition- and temperature-dependent neutron and X-ray diffraction experiments demonstrate that both cations and anions exhibit significant structure-directing influences on the solution, which we hypothesize underlies deep eutectic behavior in aqueous solutions.

 Figure 1


This study was aimed to investigated the correlation between store environment perception, self-control and impulsive buying fashion products in working women. The hypothesis of this study proposed that there was a positive correlation between store environment perception and impulsive buying, and there was a negative correlation between self-control and impulsive buying. Using a quantitative research with a correlation method, the subjects in this study were 140 with an age range of 22-35 years. Data obtained from online scale results that have been distributed randomly. Store environment perception, self-control and impulsive buying was tested using the Alpha Cronbach method. The store environment perception scale had 0,831 of Alpha coefficient, the selfcontrol scale had 0,786 of Alpha coefficient and the impulsive buying scale had 0,870 of Alpha coefficient. Based on the results of the normality test, impulsive buying data, store environment perception data and self-control data were not included as normal. The results of linearity test showed that store environment perception didn't have a linear correlation with impulsive buying. However, self-control have a linear correlation with impulsive buying. The data analysis technique in this research using Spearman's Rho testing in the program of SPSS for Windows version 16.0 because the data distribution wasn't normal. The results of correlation between store environment perception and impulsive buying is -0,135 with p = 0,056 (p > 0,05), which mean that there was no positive significant correlation between store environment perception and impulsive buying. The results of correlation between self-control and impulsive buying is -0,421 with p = 0,000 (p < 0,05), which that there was a negative significant correlation between self-control and impulsive buying. Keyword : store environment perception, self-control, impulsive buying, working women PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI


The proliferation of market-oriented models of social housing has characterised the rearrangement of housing policy in Italy. These new housing models aimed to differentiate a supply of public housing often presented as limited and ineffective by including specific groups from the middle class who struggle to access the rental market. The new models are thus associated with the notion of 'social mix', and the need to remedy the ambiguous effects of the traditional public housing system has been emphasised, especially in terms of the spatial concentration of low-income households. This analysis focuses on the rearrangement of housing policy in the context of Bergamo, Lombardy's middle-sized city, by analysing the implementation of a new socially rented housing model, namely moderate rental, and evaluating its effectiveness as a tool of tenure diversification within mass housing neighbourhoods which show high concentrations of low-income population. Through focusing the investigation on this case study, the research aims to contribute to bridging the gap in the scientific literature regarding the importation of social-mix policies into the South European context.


The study of organizational cultures has been dominated by an interpretative approach which has emphasized the production of culture at the expense of the creativity shown by the consumers of cuiture, organizational members. 'Corpor ate culture' is distinguished from 'workplace' or 'organizational' cultures, and a number of other problems emerging within the literature are identified. These are presented as organizational culture versus cultural organization; cultural plurali ties ; rationality and the irrational; common knowledge and its constitution; power and ideology; and individualism and subjectivity. It is then argued, after a detailed discussion of concepts drawn primarily from a close reading of the work of Jacques Derrida, that a postmodern approach to organizational culture would recast the problems in terms of a revised conceptualization of subjectivity, and would formulate culture as paradox, otherness, seduction, and discourse. This would entail studying the 'bricolage' of organizational members within the 'microphysics' of what de Certeau calls the 'tactics of everyday practice'.


This paper summarises the findings of the research and development project, 'Supporting Primary Art' which was established at the Centre for the Study of the Arts in Primary Education at the Rolle Faculty of Education of the University of Plymouth in October 1992 with support and funding from the Calouste Gulbenkian and Paul Hamlyn Foundations. It is the intention of the project to investigate the response of teachers in primary schools to the introduction of the national curriculum in art and, on the basis of the understandings gained, to develop and evaluate appropriate forms of in-service training and support materials to address those difficulties and concerns identified by teachers in meeting the overall requirements of the Statutory Orders for Art.

The project has in mind the significant advantage to the development of art and design education in our schools that is presented by the introduction of the national curriculum in art and the opportunities here to reinforce and extend the richness and quality of the teaching of art to a wider cohort of schools.

We hope that this report will help LEAs and those involved in the initial, postgraduate and in-service training of teachers in their work in preparing students and supporting teachers to understand, teach and deliver the national curriculum in art.


Aim: Mental disorder has been recognized as one of the troublesome factors in the perioperative management of the patients with total hip arthroplasty. However, precise clinical analysis regarding outcome of efficacy and complication in the surgery has not been reported in detail. Our institute has owed the treatment of the patients with various severe complications in the district of 1.2 million. The patients of hip disability with mental disorders have been introduced for the treatment and managed under co-operation with division of Psychiatry. This study focused on perioperative status and complications of the patients with mental disorders under went total hip arthroplasty. Materials and methods: Retrospective survey included consecutive 354 THAs of the 309 patients performed from January 1986 to December 2006. Reason for the surgery was due to dysplastic osteoarthritis; 251 cases (85.1 %), rheumatoid arthritis; 45 (14.6 %), idiopathic osteonecrosis of femoral head; 12 (3.9 %) and post-traumatic arthritis 1 (0.3 %). The mean age was 61.0 (29–83) years. The rate and status of the patients with mental disorders, their perioperative complications and hospitalization period were analyzed, and compared with those of the patients without disorders. Results: Fifteen patients with mental disorders (4.9 %) received THA and the mean age was 54.8 (34–76) years. Eleven patients (73.3 %) was due to dysplastic osteoarthritis, 3 (20.0 %) to osteonecrosis of the femoral head, and 1 (6.7 %) to rheumatoid arthritis. The disorder was categorized into mood disorder (7 cases), schizophrenia (6), somatoform disorder (1) and alcohol dependence (1). Pain relief was achieved and gait ability was improved in all the patients. Dislocation was found in 3 cases (20.0%), who were all dysplastic osteoarthritis, and which occurred after 8, 30, and 49 days, respectively. One patient had a possibility of implant malposition. Two-thirds was due to inactivity and/or impairments of attention influenced by the psychotic drugs, but not failed into recurrent type of dislocation. The rate was significantly higher than that of the patients without the disorders (2.3%), (p Discussion: Postsurgical dislocation was evident finding in the series of the patients with mental disorders. Two thirds seemed to be affected by the medicated drugs, but not failed into recurrent type. Other major complication was not experienced and the treatment was successfully achieved under management under co-operation with division of Psychiatry and rehabilitation unit. THA for the patients with mental disorders contributed to recovery of hip disability.


: The study included two field experiments for ( Helianthus annuus L. ) conducted during spring growing seasons of 2009, 2010 in two locations. The first Sheikh Mohamed 25km west north Mosul city, the second ones Gueer 50 Km east of Mosul city at Nineveh province .The main objective was to find out effect of zinc foliar application on the growth, yield and quality of some Sunflower genotypes. Each experiment was conducted according to factorial experiment in a randomized completely block design with three replications. Each experiment included three levels of zinc foliar application (0, 5 and 10 mg.L -1 ) were sprayed on the leaves one dose during 6 leaves stage, with three genotypes of Sunflower crops (Record, Mlabar and Fodak). The genotype Mlabar gave a high level for characters Plant height (161,152 cm), stem diameter(2.06,2.20cm), leaf area index(1.78,1.74), dry weight of the head, head diameter flower disc (21.90 , 22.20 cm), number of seeds/head, weight of thousand seed, total seed yield (2.49, 2.49 ton.hectar -1 ), oil percentage (43.33 , 44.01 %) and oil yield (1.07, 1.09 ton/ha.) in both locations Sheikh Mohamed and Gueer respectively. The foliar application the zinc to the leaves with concentration 10 mg.L -1 lead to a significant increase in plant high (173.55, 163.63cm), while increasing concentration of zinc to 5 mg.L -1 cause a significant increase in number of leaves/plant, leaf area index, dry weight for flower disc, disc diameter (22.32, 22.87 cm) , number of seeds/head, weight of thousand seed, seed yield (2.73, 2.72 ton.hectar -1 ) and oil (%), oil yield (1.22,1.24 ton.hectar -1 ) in Sheikh Mohamed and Gueer locations respectively. The interaction between the genotypes and foliar application was significant in some of growth, yield and quality characters, the Mlabar genotype with zinc application to the leaves with concentration 5 mg.L -1 was superior for head diameter (22.92 , 23.27 cm), thousand seed weight (82.63 , 81.53 g), oil yield (1.33, 1.30 ton.hectar -1 ) for the Sheikh Mohamed and Gueer locations respectively.


why are not good faith and fair dealing superior objects to obsessive insistence on total clarity and certainty in contract? And why is emphasis on the need for good faith and fair dealing not likely to lead to the resolution of business disputes? 22


BACKGROUND
Pimavanserin (PIM) is the only FDA approved atypical antipsychotic (AAP) for hallucinations and delusions associated with Parkinson's Disease Psychosis (PDP). Comparative real-world analyses demonstrating its benefits are needed.

OBJECTIVES
To evaluate health care resource utilization (HCRU) outcomes among PDP patients treated with PIM vs. other-AAPs.

METHODS
Retrospective cohort analysis of Parts A, B, and D claims from 100% Medicare sample from 01/01/13-12/31/19 was conducted. PDP Patients initiating (i.e., index date) continuous monotherapy (PIM vs other-AAPs) for ≥12-months during 01/01/14-12/31/18 without 12-months pre-index AAP use were selected after 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM) on 31 variables (sex, race, region, age and 27 Elixhauser comorbidities). HCRU outcomes included: annual all-cause and psychiatric hospitalization (short-term stay, long-term stay, and SNF-stay [skilled nursing facility]) rates, annual all-cause and psychiatric-ER visit rates, mean per-patient-per-year (PPPY) hospitalizations and average length-of-stay (ALOS). PIM and other-AAPs were compared using generalized linear models (GLM) controlled for demographic characteristics, comorbidities, coexisting-dementia, and coexisting-insomnia.

RESULTS
Of 12,164 PDP patients, 48.41% (n = 5,889) were female and mean age was 77 (±8.14) years. Among 1:1 matched patients (n = 842 in each), 37.8% (n = 319) on PIM vs. 49.8% (n = 420) on other-AAPs (p < 0.05) reported ≥1 all-cause hospitalizations, respectively. Specifically, short-term and SNF-stay among PIM patients vs. other-AAPs were: 34% (n = 286) vs. 46.2% (n = 389) and 20.2% (n = 170) vs. 31.8% (n = 267) (p < 0.05), respectively. Similarly, 9.6% (n = 81) of PIM vs. 14.6% (n = 123) of other-AAPs patients had ≥1 psychiatric hospitalization (p < 0.05). Furthermore, ≥1 all-cause and psychiatric ER visit among PIM vs. other-AAPs were: 61.6% (n = 519) vs. 69.4% (n = 584) and 5.2% (n = 43) vs.10.2% (n = 86) (p < 0.05), respectively. PIM also had significantly lower ALOS, and mean PPPY short-term hospitalization and SNF-stays.

CONCLUSIONS
In this analysis of PDP patients, PIM monotherapy resulted in nearly 12% and 7% lower all-cause hospitalizations and ER visits vs. other-AAPs.


To enhance understanding of the association between infection with Clostridium difficile and disease caused by this bacterium, investigators conducted population-based C difficile infection (CDI) surveillance in children aged 1 to 17 years residing in 10 US geographic areas during a 1-year period.


CARNEIRO, Eduardo de Araújo. "The foundation do Acre": a study in civic celebrations and abuses of history. 2014, 456 f. Dissertation (PhD). Departamento de História, Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas, Universidade de São Paulo. The present dissertation analyses the political and symbolical role of civic commemorations and celebration dates related to the annexation of Acre to Brazil as well as the historical truth of the celebrated events. The mobilization of epic narratives in civic celebrations is very common in the Western World, from the antiquity to the present. In this way, the civic commemorations in Acre were studied as part of that millenary tradition. The re-reading of Acre's historical formation was pursued from the perspective of Acre's situation in the Amazonia region and its insertion within the capitalist world economy. Information about Acre were found in newspapers, documents and books located at the collections of the National Library (Biblioteca Nacional RJ), Rubber Museum (Museu da Borracha AC), e Department of Historical Heritage of Acre (Departamento de Patrimônio Histórico do Acre – DPHAC). The Florestan Fernandes Library (FFLCH/USP) offered bibliographical resources to support the theoretical approach of this dissertation .This research exemplify an emphasis on the qualitative method. A partial conclusion lead by this work is that civic celebrations in Acre had fulfilled the same political role as it does in the Western World – forging identities and social cohesion, promoting chauvinism, spreading values and traditions to validate the present. Following an anti-commemoration historiographical contemporary tendency, this dissertation also concludes that the epic narrative presented by the supporters of the civic commemorations can be considered "dishonest", "abusive" and "irresponsible". That is because it reproduces a representation of the past not according the reality of the historical facts, and because it has always been committed with the persistence of Acrean status quo.


Incorrect waste disposal has devastating consequences for the environment. Recycling is an environmentally friendlier way to dispose of waste, and recycling opportunities are turning up in more and ...


Bayesian and empirical Bayesian estimators for unknown parameter of Rayleigh distribution are given under symmetric entropy loss function and the admissibility of estimators are also discussed.The admissibility and inadmissibility of estimator with the form of(cT+ d)-1 are also attained.


The article analyzes the state of innovative activity of corporate enterprises, reveals the tendency of the main indicators dynamics deterioration. It also substantiates the need of improvement of the existing approaches to managing innovation activities as well as the logical sequence and content of such steps. The analysis and generalization of the process of improving the innovation activity of corporate enterprises is carried out by identifying the innovation activity influence factors, identifying methodological approaches to the evaluation of the impact of influence factors. The influence factors investigation provided an opportunity to carry out their aggregation and grounding on the factors of macro- and micro- influence on management of innovation activity, which made it possible to separate the most effective factors of the selected groups, to find out the dynamics of their influence through the application of cluster analysis. Scientific support of choosing the innovative activity management strategy of corporate enterprises according to the type of innovative behavior is also substantiated.


The research progress of population ecology and molecular ecology of Bactrocera cucurbitae were summarized from four aspects of population establishment,population ecology,population genetic differentiation and cloning of related genes,the ecology control of Bactrocera cucurbitae was forecasted,which will provide reference for the effective control of Bactrocera cucurbitae.


Deep neural networks have been scaled up to thousands of layers with the intent to improve their accuracy. Unfortunately, after some point, doubling the number of layers leads to only minor improvements, while the training difficulties increase substantially. In this article, we present an approach for constructing high-accuracy deep evolutionary networks and train them by activating and freezing dense networks (AFNets). The activating and freezing strategy enables us to reduce the classification error of test and reduce the training time required for deeper dense networks. We activate the layers that are being trained and construct a freezing box to freeze the idle and pretrained network layers in order to minimize memory consumption. The training speed in the early stage is not fast enough because many layers are activated for training. As the epochs gradually increase, the training speed becomes faster and faster since fewer and fewer layers are activated. Our method improves the convergence to the optimal performance within a limited number of epochs. Comprehensive experiments on a variety of data sets show that the proposed model achieves better performance when compared to the other state-of-the-art network models.


While only in its second edition, this paperback is likely to become a classic. Authored predominately by Professor Gordon Giesbrecht (''Dr. Popsicle'') and Dr. Jim Wilkerson, it is a logical and succinct guide to prevention of and survival from hypothermia, and rescue and treatment of hypothermic victims. As has become the habit of these prestigious authors, the physiology and pathophysiology of hypothermia are very well explained. The information on cold water immersion is quite comprehensive. As would be expected from the world's expert on immersion hypothermia, the recommendations for rescue are plentiful and superb. I particularly enjoyed the section on cold weather clothing, which includes information useful in understanding choices of clothing and how best to prepare for the cold. The discussion on frostbite reflects the fact that we have not seen any real advance in clinical approach for decades now and gives appropriate credit to the important accomplishments of Bill Mills in establishing the current approach to rapid rewarming therapy. This will be a useful ''refresher'' book for knowledgeable wilderness medicine physicians who wish to be conversant with the most recent accepted approaches to hypothermia and a very important book for the library of any health care provider who may be called upon to assist in the rescue and treatment of a hypothermic human being.


Single-mode, single polarization (SP), optical fibers of the W-tunneling type have been previously reported.1 Unfortunately, the width of the SP band has been small, 5%, making mass production uneconomical. We report a similar fiber with a much larger SP width, 13%. Our explanation for this improvement points to a class of broadband polarizer.


Within specialist practice there seems to be an ever−changing need and demand for an evidence−based culture. This is a challenging process, but it can also be a motivating one.


Abstract : Motivated by the desire to put a free electron laser (FEL) weapon on a ship, the FEL and the related process of Compton backscattering are studied. The theme of the majority of this work is the interaction of the Gaussian optical mode with a beam of relativistic electrons. Classical FEL theory is reviewed in Chapter II. Simulations based on the classical theory are used in Chapter III to study a proposed I kW (kilowatt) infrared FEL. In Chapter IV, simulation is used to study the problem of electron beam/optical mode overlap in an ultraviolet (UV) FEL. A new concept, the FEL with a short Rayleigh length, is sttidied in Chapter V. The idea is tested on the UV FEL, then used to design and simulate a megawatt-class FEL for ship self-defense. An analytical calculation of the Compton backscattering of laser light is performed in Chapter VI. A quantum electrodynamics (QED) formalism is used to find the spectrum and angular distribution of photons scattertd out of a Gaussian optical mode by relativistic electrons.


ABSTRACT Belmonte, G.; Moscatello, S.; Hajdëri, E.; Vaglio, I., and Denitto, F., 2018. Composition and spatial distribution of mesozooplankton along confinement and anthropogenic-impact gradients in the Gulf of Vlorë (Albania). The composition of mesozooplankton and their space-time distribution in the Gulf of Vlorë (southern Albania, Mediterranean Sea) are described for the first time. Sampling was carried out during two oceanographic cruises (May 2007, January 2008) with two replicates at each of 17 stations at each time, making a total of 68 samples. The study aimed to describe the influence of confinement (defined as distance from the open sea) and anthropogenic impact (defined as vicinity to the east coast of the gulf) on zooplankton composition. A total of 198 taxa were recognised in the whole zooplankton assemblage, with only 136 taxa common to both periods and only two species present in all samples. Statistical analysis of data distinguished the Mezokanal area (the boundary between the gulf and the open sea) from three other areas inside the gulf. Differences were also found among the areas inside the gulf at increasing degree of confinement. Mesozooplankton varied more sharply with confinement than with anthropogenic impact and yielded more-detailed space partitioning of the gulf than microzooplankton, which had been used in a previous study.


This study was intended to find out the differences of characteristics between the married women who were participating in the voluntary activities and those who were not. Based on the review of various theories on the volunteerism, the three variable groups - demographic, psychosocial and family related- were identified as the possible factors which differentiate the characteristics of those two groups. The results were as follows : 1) Significant group differences were found in the age, the last child's age, education, income, sense of health, religion, the degree of religious activities, leisure satisfaction and type of leisures. 2) Married women participating in the voluntary activities showed more sociable, higher sense of responsibility to the society and more distinct feeling of social identity. 3) Family-related variables such as family function, type of family, the degree of socialization in the family and experiences and quality of contact with successful volunteers were found to be closely related to the married women's participation in the voluntary activities.


CHAMSHAMA, S. A. O., MUGAS HA, A. G., SANGA, J. M. & NSHUBEMUKI, L. 2000, Comparison of some chemical properties of soil under teak and natural forests at Mtibwa, Morogoro, Tanzania. This study was initiated to compare some soil chemical properties of natural forests and first rotation teak plantations at Mtibwa Forest Project, Morogoro, Tanzania. A total of 240 soil samples were taken from 24 paired plots, i.e. 24 plots from each teak plantation and from the adjoining natural forests. These samples were analysed for pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total N, available P and exchangeable cations. The soil pH and exchangeable cations from the teak plantations were not significantly different (p <0.05) from the natural forests. The soil EC within 0-70 cm depth in young teak plantations decreased by 24% while in semi-mature teak plantations it increased by 36% as compared to the adjoining natural forests. In general there was a decrease in the young plantations but an increase in the semi-mature plantations in total N. In both young and semi mature stands there was a decrease in available P. The results of this study suggest that there is a need for continued monitoring of soil chemical properties in teak plantations since there are indications of changes in soil properties.


This paper presents an efficient method to identify the received target pulse in the presence of the noise and received false jamming signal. The multiresolution property of the wavelet transform is well suited to analyzing such multiscale signals. Local maxima of the wavelet transform enable us to detect the location of the target pulse edges. The algorithm introduced in this paper is based on the correction and integration of the local maxima of the wavelet coefficients. This gives a good method to discriminate the true reflected target pulse from the false ones.


We study the quantum Hall phases that appear in the fast-rotation limit for Bose-Einstein condensates of spinless bosonic atoms. We use exact diagonalization in a spherical geometry to obtain low-lying states of a small number of bosons as a function of the angular momentum. This allows us to understand or guess the physics at a given filling fraction $\ensuremath{\nu}$, the ratio of the number of bosons to the number of vortices. This is also the filling factor of the lowest Landau level. In addition to the well-known Bose-Laughlin state at $\ensuremath{\nu}=1∕2$, we give evidence for the Jain principal sequence of incompressible states at $\ensuremath{\nu}=p∕(p\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1)$ for a few values of $p$. There is a collective mode in these states whose phenomenology is in agreement with standard arguments coming, e.g., from the composite-fermion picture. At filling factor 1, the potential Fermi sea of composite fermions is replaced by a paired state, the Moore-Read state. This is most clearly seen from the half-flux nature of elementary excitations. We find that the hierarchy picture does not extend up to the point of transition towards a vortex lattice. While we cannot come to any definite conclusions, we investigate the clustered Read-Rezayi states and show evidence for incompressible states at the expected ratio of flux versus number of Bose particles.


evaluation of the quality of design, materials, construction, appearance, and performance of men's 100% cotton jersey knit t-shirts from three retail categories: mass merchant (Brand MM), fast fashion (Brand FF), and better (Brand B) was performed. White t-shirts from each category were tested according to ASTM and AATCC standards and specifications [1]. Evaluations and measurements were conducted before washing, and after one, five, ten, and twenty laundry cycles. The t-shirts were evaluated for fabric weight, fabric count, color change, whiteness change, crocking, smoothness appearance, bursting strength, pilling, dimensional stability, and skewness. In appearance and performance testing, the 'mass merchant' t-shirts had the most results with ratings and measurements that would be considered the 'best' or more desirable. But from a statistical standpoint, none of the results for the 'mass merchant' retail category were significantly (p < 0.05) better than the 'fast fashion' or 'better' categories. In conclusion, the decision to purchase a t-shirt from these retail categories may depend on consumer expectations [2].


This research aims to improve students' knowledge and understanding on pattern development of economic activity on community that retain its local wisdom. Kuta village is located at Karangpaningal Village, Tambaksari District, Ciamis Regency. It is one of traditional villages which still maintains its traditions in harmony with nature. The research was a qualitative study and data were collected by using interviews, observation, and literature study. Findings show that there is a development of the community's livelihood at Kuta Village. The scope of economic activity is still in micro scale. Then, there is a technological transformation in natural resource management. Therefore, it is very clear that local wisdom is very suitable for subject materials in the form of narratives, stories, posters, or comics.


Objective To explore the relapse,therapeutic effect,risk and prognostic factors of the pulmonary invasive fungal disease(IFD)in patients with a history of pulmonary IFD following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(allo-HSCT).Methods Fourteen patients with a history of pulmonary IFD received allo-HSCT between March 2005 and October 2006.Before transplantation,10 patients obtained complete remission(CR)and 4 partial remission(PR)after antifungal therapy.Antifungal prophylaxis was initiated on the first day of the conditioning therapy.Logistic regression models were used for multivariable analyses.Results The relapse rate of pulmonary IFD after allo-HSCT was 71.43%(10/14).Of 10 patients in CR,6 relapsed and all four patients in PR relapsed.Seven patients relapsed less than 3 months and 3 relapsed between four and six months after transplantation.Among the 10 patients with a history of IFD who relapsed after transplantation,9 patients received antifungal therapy,4 obtained CR,2 PR again and the other 3 didn't obtain remission.The effective rate of anti-fungal therapy was 66.67% and the pulmonary IFD-related mortality was 35.71%(5/14).There was no significant difference between amphotericin B,itraconazde and voriconazole for antifungal prophylaxis in patients with a history of pulmonary IFD(P=0.122).No risk and prognostic factors of the pulmonary IFD was identified by multivariable analyses.Conclusion Pulmonary was not an absolute contraindication for allo-HSCT,and patients with a history of pulmonary IFD had a higher relapse rate and transplant-related mortality after receiving allo-HSCT.


On-scene teaching is a teaching method which moves the classroom to a simulated or true working place to carry out the teaching procedure.If the teaching of Maritime English is carried out in the given situation,the students will be able to nail down the learning aim and their learning interests will be activated.Thus,the students' ability to listen,speak,read and write will be improved on the basis of practice.They will be more qualified for their position.The article introduced the initial application of the on-scene teaching in Maritime English.


Received at: 31/3/2015 Accepted: 28/4/2015 Pregnant Agamy does were used in this experiment to evaluate the effects of Vitamin C (Vit C) supplementation as antioxidant agent to improve the performance of dairy goats during the evidence of oxidative stress (OS) in peri-parturient period. The does under experiment (n = 16) were assigned randomly into control and supplemented groups (n = 8 / group). The control group fed control diet without supplement and the supplemented group fed control diet plus Vit C 75mg/kg of body weight. Dietary supplementation began approximately one month before the expected kidding date till two months post-kidding. Compared to the control does, it was noticed that Vit C supplementation significantly increased (P<0.05) the conception rate (62.5 % vs. 25 %), the weaning weight (WW) (7.21 vs. 5.00 kg) as well as the average daily gain rate (DGR) (53.94 vs. 34.85 g/d) in the kids of the Vit C supplemented group. Vit C supplementation significantly (P<0.05) increased serum level of T3 from day 45 to day 60 and of T4 from day 30 to day 60 postkidding. Meanwhile, serum cortisol level was significantly decreased (P<0.05) from day 30 to day 60 post-kidding in the Vit C supplemented group. Also, there was a significant increase (P<0.05) in serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC) from day 15 post-kidding and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) from day 30 post-kidding till the end of the experiment in the Vit C supplemented group as compared with the control one. Meanwhile, there was a significantly decrease (P<0.05) in serum Malondialdehyde (MDA) level from day 45 post-kidding and nitric oxide (NO) level from day 15 post-kidding till the end of the experiment. Concerning the effect of Vit C supplementation on milk quality, it was found that Vit C supplementation significantly (P<0.05) improved most of milk components especially fat, lactose, milk urea level (MUL), total solids (TS) and solid not fat (SNF); meanwhile there was a non-significant increase in protein % all over the experiment period. Moreover, both somatic cell counts (SCC) and the infection rates represented by the total bacterial count (TBC) were significantly (P<0.05) decreased in the Vit C supplemented group when compared with the control one. It was concluded that Vit C supplementation in dairy does around the peri-parturient period can improve the unfavorable effects of OS; this reflected on their milk quality and post-kidding conception rate and enhancement of growth rate as well as weaning weight of their kids.


Abstract The objective of this study is to investigate numerically using FEM the interfacial stresses and defects between the nanofibre and the matrix of nanocomposite. Because of complexity of the problem, 2D finite element analysis is carried out to simulate the cracked nanofibre composite, and 8-node quadrilateral element is utilized in the investigation. ANSYS software is used to explore Stress Intensity Factor (SIF) and the interfacial stresses of the matrix/nanofibre interface. The interfacial defect is simulated as a sharp crack to predict the SIF at the defect tip. The level of the local interfacial stresses arises at the defected spot is inspected as well. The defected nanocomposite is studied under simulated static loading conditions for both uniaxial and biaxial tensile stress. In addition, the defect size and the modulus of elasticity of various types of nanofibre are considered as parameters in the work. Consequently, it is shown that the interfacial stresses increase as the defect length increases. Furthermore, the stress level approaches fourteen times the applied stresses as the defect length come close to the fibre length. Whereas it is observed that the nanofibre restrain the SIF, but insignificant percentage of reduction in SIF is observed due to increase nanofibre modulus of elasticity.


Fivebroodmares with history of persistent endometritis and repeat breeding for last two breeding seasons were examined for their reproductive health by ultrasonography and the uterine samples were aseptically collected using low-volume flush technique by two-way Foleys catheter. The uterine samples were found positive for Escherichia coli upon culture. The mares were treated with a treatment regimen consisting of uterine lavage with normal saline + Cloprostenol (250µg, i.m.) + intrauterine antibiotic infusion based on the antibiotic sensitivity test. All mares revealed absence of uterine exudates and/or uterine wall thickening upon post-treatment ultrasound. The mares conceived after the treatment, four in the 1 st artificial insemination (AI) and other in 2 nd AI.


Seedlings of Pinus banksiana, P. parviflora, P. ponderosa, and P. sylvestris showed the most foliar injury to ozone fumigation at 20 and 30 pphm during an 8 hr/day, 70 day period. Pinus aristata and P. strobus showed the least injury, and were most tolerant. P. nigra, P. strobiformis, and P. thunbergii were moderately tolerant but sustained some injury. P. sylvestris was the only species that showed more than 10 per cent injury at the 10 pphm concentration. P. sylvestris and P. banksiana fumigated with 30 pphm showed a significant reduction in survival in the year following fumigation.


many of the component events of the rapidly expanding human impact on Amazonian ecosystems are pres ently outside of the realm of the con scious decisions of human beings, in the form of government planners and agen cies responsible for guiding the region's development. Many of the underlying processes are also poorly understood. The course of development must be brought under the control of rational and coherent long range strategies to prevent highly un desirable environmental impacts from oc curring as a result of unwise types, pat terns, and scales of development. The continuation of current trends will quick ly lead to environmental impacts desired by no one.


State owned commercial banks are the importat part of the nation's financial system,and the main point of nation's financial supervision.The financial supervision law system has got much progress in bank organization system,transaction procedure and supervision methods,during the past ten years development,but it also had many defects.After China entered WTO,along with Chinese banking business getting more and more internationalized,we strenthen and consummate the banking supervision law system especially reinforce the state owned commercial banks is the most urgent thing.\;


Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici (FOL) is the causative agent of vascular wilt disease in tomato. Screening for Fusarium wilt resistance using greenhouse and field-based screening are made difficult, laborious screening methods, and environmental effects. Selection for molecular markers linked to resistance genes may be a more effective means of screening. In the present study we analyze seventeen tomato lines and hybrids to the Fusarium wilt disease resistance by DNA amplification methods based on PCR (polymerase chain reactions) and comparison this result with artificial inoculation of plants with the disease causing agent. Tomato plants were root-dip inoculated with a conidial suspension of FOL (10 conidial/ml). Results of disease index of the 17 tomato lines and hybrids under artificial inoculation conditions in glasshouses, for resistance to FOL indicated that, 7 were resistant, 2 were moderately resistant (tolerant), Beliy naliv-241 was susceptible and 7 shown segregation. Results of molecular analysis by using Sequence characterized amplified regions (SCAR marker) specific to I2 gene shown that, 4 samples were recessive homozygote, 5 were dominant homozygote, hybrid F1 Sultan was heterozygote and 7 shown co dominant segregation. Comparison results based on the SCAR-marker and artificial inoculation shown the same results. Application of the molecular markers need less time and cheaper in comparison with artificial inoculation. Also by using this method is possible to determine genotype of plant (homozygote or heterozygote).


Drought stress is one of the most significant environmental stress in agriculture worldwide and is even expected to become more and more severe in many regions of the globe. In this context, the concept of ideotypes (plant with ideal traits that is expected to yield a greater quantity or quality of product when developed as a cultivar) opens new avenues for breeding as shown by the results of plant model simulations. However currently root system ideotypes lack quantitative traits and moreover cannot perform optimally in every single environment. We present here a physically-based model of the water flow in the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum working at the plant scale capable of efficiently simulating the root water uptake of growing crops over full crop cycles as well as other environmental flow (rain, irrigation, evapotranspiration). It is adapted to discriminate genotypes/ideotypes performance in any environment. In a simulation study we analyze the ability of maize root cultivars to maintain their transpiration under two management practices in two different environments.


Abstract : The NAS has a responsibility to assist in the safe and efficient flow of traffic from departure aerodrome (or entrance to the system) to destination aerodrome (or exit from the system). It provides flight control services in the en route, terminal, and oceanic airspace. It also provides search and rescue services to locate lost aircraft. In order to exercise control of aircraft, the NAS must have information about the expected routes, times, altitudes of flight, and aircraft characteristics. It must also have information about current location, altitude, and track for each participating aircraft in the system. This concept, and the other seven operational concepts, will complete the description of the system requirements as described in the NASSRS. The eight operational concepts are: Communications (NAS-SR-136); Navigation (NAS-SR-134); Monitoring (NAS-SR-133); Maintenance and Support (NAS-SR-137); System Effectiveness (NAS-SR-138); Air Defense and Law Enforcement Surveillance (NAS-SR-135); Flight Planning (NAS-SR-131); and Air Traffic Control and Airspace Management (NAS-SR-132).


The content and structure of a new direction in tourism – medical tourism-are considered and justified. The content and structure of medical and health tourism are considered. The article reveals the existing difficulties and prospects for its development. Its varieties are distinguished: medical, sanatorium-resort and health tourism. The history of the development of the resort business is considered. Features of creation and functioning of sanatorium-resort complexes in Russia are revealed. It is proved that in modern conditions the role of medical tourism is increasing. At the same time, the market of medical services is actively developing, its infrastructure is expanding.


The plasma level of Hageman factor (factor XII) varies under the influence of different hormones. This variation, demonstrated in animals (1), has been found in woman taking oral progestins besides any initial factor XII deficiency (2,3,4). We noted the persistence of identical modifications in a woman with homozygous factor XII deficiency. Here we report the case of a Z$-year old patient. The diagnosis of factor XII deficiency was established when she wa s 22, during a family investigation following the discovery of a homozygous deficiency in her sister during a preoperative evaluation. Our patient did not present any thrombotic or hemorragic clinical features. Her APTT was 43" (control: 30"), PT L3" (control:12"8), fibrinogen 2.5 gl, factor XII: C 0.08 I. U./ml (plasma depleted of factor XII OSDG 121L3 from Behring) and factor XII: Ag 0.08 I. U./ml (antiserum anti factor XII from Nordica Immunological Laboratories). A new evaluation was performed at the 20th week of her tirst pregnancy (Fig. 1), at 30 weeks, 35 weeks,40 weeks (f ust before delivery), and L week after delivery when the patient began to breast-feed her baby. The levels remained unchanged during the 3 months of breast-feeding. Oral contraception with progestogen-estrogen combination was then undertaken: factor XII levels remained high and constant; the oral contraception was stopped 6 months later: the control perform ed 2 months after the end of oral progestogen-estrogen combination indicated the basic levels (factor XII:


To raise the programming efficiency of arc welding robots, the offline programming system was developed for a Motoman-UP20 robot with redundant degrees of freedom in VC++ integration environment. The system consists of kinematics analysis, motion simulation, welding trajectory plan, welding parameters plan and job file generating module. It can plan the motion path and posture of welding gun for saddle-shape seams, and display the workpiece on the interface synchronically. Job instructions can be made step by step, or generated automatically. Kinematics simulation module and communication module are integrated together, and job files can be exchanged between PC and robot controller via Ethernet to realize remote control.


Objective:To observe the protective immunity induced by the DNA vaccines of VR1012-Sj31 of Schistosoma japonicum(Sj) in BALB/c mice in different way.Methods:Thirty six BALB/c mice were divided into three groups.Of control group A,each mouse was injected at quadriceps femoris with 100μg VR1012 plasmid DNA;of group B,each mouse was injected subcutaneously with 100μg VR1012-Sj31 plasmid DNA;of group C,each mouse was injected intramuscularly with 100μg VR1012-Sj31 plasmid DNA.All mice were immunized three times with an interval of 2 weeks and were challenged each with 10 cercariae of Sj at the 21th days after final immunization.At day 42 after challenge,all mice were sacrificed,the numbers of worms and hepatic eggs were counted.Antibody level in the sera of mice before and three weeks after immunization was determined with ELISA.Results:There are specific IgG in the serum of mice in the test groups after 3rd immunization.Compared with the control group,the worm reduction was 15.0%(P0.05) and 25.0%(P0.05);the egg reduction was 38.22% the eggreduction of C group was 26.99%(P0.001).Conclusion:The DNA vaccines,VR1012-Sj31 could induce partial protective immunity against Sj in mice.The protective immunity by intramuscular injection was better than that by subcutaneous injection.


In recent years,the employment tredence of our college students is getting more worse.The guidance of career has become a part of ideological and political education to college students.As the direct educators and managers to college students,the counsellor are also implementers and participants in career guidance.How to play the important part in this job,has the practical significance in dealing with the plight of employment difficulties.


Abstract Interviews with 98 teachers from a variety of schools were used to develop a definition of spiritual health, and to establish how these teachers thought spiritual health might best be fostered and what hindered its development in the school curriculum. A recurring theme, which seemed to be coming through the comments from teachers in this study, was the very important role that teachers play in helping students develop relationships. This was of vital importance as spiritual health was seen as being reflected in the quality of relationships that students develop with themselves, others, the environment, and with a Transcendent Other. The characteristics of teachers most frequently mentioned as desirable for the promotion of spiritual health were classified as follows: • caring, sensitive, personal approach; • concern for individuals; • committed to personal beliefs and values. Investigation of these teacher characteristics showed variation by gender, personal view of spiritual health, major curri...


Reliable prediction of CO_2 emission amount can provide a base for the calculation of CO_2 emission amount and reduction amount from coal-fired electricity generation unit.The predictive equations for CO_2 emission factors for coal combustion were developed with coal property data on different basis,as air dried basis,dry ash free basis. The predictive equations were checked by a different coal database.


The study is one of the very few attempts to investigate antecedents and consequences of satisfaction with an Internet-based learning medium. By extending McKinney et al.'s (2002) web-customer satisfaction model, the research model postulates a positive link between overall satisfaction and intention to continue to use an ILM. Data collected from 504 undergraduate students are examined through the Structural Equation Modeling approach with Partial Least Squares (PLS). Empirical findings demonstrated that our research model provided a relatively high explanatory power. Moreover, all hypothesized associated were found statistically significance. The implications of this study are noteworthy for both researchers and practitioners.


Islam is the only Dīn accepted in the sight of AlMighty God. Whatever was preached, taught and conveyed by all prophets of Allah in different ages that was Islam. But the message was culminated and perfected by the Seal of all prophets, Prophet Muhammad ﷺ. Nobody will be chosen as a Nabi or Rasool after him. This is called belief in the finality of prophethood. This creed is one of the fundamental believes of Islam. This article determines in the light of Quran and Sunnah the status of those so called Muslims who do not believe that Prophet Muhammad ﷺ is the last and final Prophet sent by Allah.


The assessment of the air quality is a major concern to the current time. The monitoring and maintenance of air quality necessarily pass by detecting and estimating the overall air pollution. The use of lichens must be an assessmenttool to be studied. In our work we were interested about the toxicity of lead on the various parameters of stress in the lichen Xanthoria parietina. For this purpose, lichen thalli have been incubated at lead concentrations of 0, 0.5, 1.0, 5.0 and 10.0 mM, for time scale of 0, 24, 48 and 96 hours. The obtained results showed that lead has an action on the various studied parameters, and the intensity of oxidative stress observed in lichens thalli depends on the concentration, and time of exposure. Lead induced a decrease in chlorophyll and protein contents, and an increase in the contents of catalase, hydrogen peroxide and reduced glutathione. Furthermore, the results also showed that high concentrations of lead caused total destruction of reduced glutathione.


The present invention provides a method for producing a cellulose ether, a solvent of cellulose ether, having a boiling point in the presence of an ether of the formula R1-O-R2, or comprise ether and 40 to 90 ° C. with a boiling point of 40 to 90 ° C. prepared in the presence of a mixture, R1 and R2 may be the same or different, to a method where independently selected from alkyl groups. .BACKGROUND


FEVA is ON in Knaresborough! I really can't tell you just how good I think this festival of the mixed partial arts is; they have literally hundreds ...


Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of interventional occlusion for atrial septal defect(ASD) with domestic occluder by X-ray in combination with echocardiography.Methods 38 patients with ASD were all implanted with domestic occluder.The imageological data before and 6 months after treatment were analysed and compared.Results There were no residual shunts after interventional treatment.The heart surface area,right inferior pulmonary artery diameter,the base lines of pulmonary cone,the diameters of pulmonary trunk and the degree of protrusion of pulmonary cone were all decreased after operation(P0.05).There were no significant differences in hearts size,the cardiothoracic ratio,the width diameters of right atrium,the rate of right atrium highness/heart highness and the width of thoracic aorta cone before and after operation.Pulmonary hilar dance disappeared.Conclusion Interventional treatment is a appropriate therapeutic choice for ASD.


ABSTRACT The present study aimed to explore the nature of developmental dyslexia in a language considered to have a transparent orthography, namely, Dutch. We assessed the accuracy and efficiency of decoding words and pseudowords with four lengths as well as three types of phonological ability in 2,760 typical children and 397 peers with dyslexia across Grades 3–6. For typical readers, decoding levels across the grades were found to be largely a matter of increasing speed. For the readers with dyslexia, difficulties manifested themselves for both accuracy and efficiency of decoding but more for pseudowords than for words. The readers with dyslexia were also more sensitive to word-length effects on decoding. The phonological abilities of the children with dyslexia lagged behind as well. It is concluded that in Dutch, children with dyslexia show a phonological deficit and persistent problems with assembling phonology during the phonological recoding of orthographic representations.


Referred to the data from a lot of turf nitrogen fertilizer and 15N trace experiments, the whereabouts of nitrogen fertilizers applied to turf ecosystem were summarizes in this paper The results show that it is very complicated and generally related to N rates, N sources and turf management


This book is a hard copy of the first 1,000 clinical enquiries fielded by the Clinical Effectiveness Unit (CEU) of the Faculty of Family Planning and Reproductive Health Care from clinicians 'faced with a dilemma in practice relating to a rare condition or contentious issue'. The database of these enquiries is on the Faculty website. The book provides responses which are evidence-based. The responses are not to an individual case but broken down to the issues in the case. The World Health Organization Medical Eligibility Criteria (WHOMEC) referred to was superseded by the UK Medical Eligibility Criteria (UKMEC) in 2006. Browsing through the book – and using it as well, I have found a mine of information on some common dilemmas, unusual situations and uncommon conditions. In parts, information given may seem out of date as some of the responses were from early days in 2002 and evidence and practice have been updated or changed since then. I think the responses are good reference points to have to hand for a clinician, but where there is clinical concern and yet an over-riding need for contraception in certain situations, individual cases would still benefit from advice from a colleague or from a specialist in the field. This book would be a useful addition to any library but especially useful as a rapid access reference by clinicians working in gynaecology, reproductive or sexual health. I quite happily paid the £48.00 to have this book on our shelf at our clinic.


Abstract. A method for trapping adult herons and egrets in foraging habitats is described. This method will give researchers access to adult members of Ardeidae. Over five trapping seasons, Great Egrets (Ardea alba) and Snowy Egrets (Egretta thula) (n = 78) were captured in non-tidal areas. The technique used decoys, live bait in basins and modified foot-hold traps. It is not appropriate for catching many birds at one time. The method could be modified for similarly-sized species.


1. A Wasted Dig Fossils and War A Whale Ear 2. Fish, Mammal, or Dinosaur? The King Lizard of Cape Cod Basilosaurid Whales* Basilosaurids and Evolution 3. A Whale with Legs The Black and White Hills A Walking Whale 4. Learning to Swim Meeting the Killer Whale From Dog-Paddle to Torpedo Ambulocetid Whales* Ambulocetus and Evolution 5. When the Mountains Grew The High Himalayas Kidnapping in the Hills Indian Whales 6. Passage to India Stranded in Delhi Whales in the Desert A 150-Pound Skull 7. A Trip to the Beach The Outer Banks A Fossilized Coast 8. The Otter Whale The Whale with No Hands Remingtonocetid Whales* Building a Beast out of Bones 9. The Ocean Is a Desert Forensic Paleontology Drinking and Peeing Fossilized Drinking Behavior Walking with Ambulocetus 10. The Skeleton Puzzle If Looks Could Kill How Many Bones Make a Skeleton? Finding Whales' Sisters 11. The River Whales Hearing in Whales Pakicetid Whales* September 11, 2001 12. Whales Conquer the World A Molecular SINE The Black Whale Protocetid Whales* Protocetids and History 13. From Embryos to Evolution A Dolphin with Legs The Marine Park at Taiji Shedding Limbs Whaling in Taiji 14. Before Whales The Widow's Fossils The Ancestors of Whales Indohyus* A Trust for Fossils 15. The Way Forward The Big Question Tooth Development Baleen as Teeth Notes Index *These six headings summarize the biology of the six fossil groups that form the transition between whales and their terrestrial ancestors. Their relationships to each other and to the living families of cetaceans (whales, dolphins, and porpoises) are given in figure 66.


In recent years, the two classical carbon allotropes (graphite and diamond) have been supplemented by newly discovered forms of molecular carbon with graphite-like surface structure: fullerenes and nanotubes. In the anisotropy of structure and properties, graphite most often falls into the hexagonal symmetry type. Along with the main form, natural graphite also contains several dozen percent of the rhombohedral form. We assess the possible role of polymorphic transformations occurring when graphite-like materials like carbon nanotubes undergo deformation in the variability of elastic properties of these materials.


DNS is a critical component of the operation of Internet applications. However, DNS performance in the wide-area is not well understood. A number of studies present DNS performance measurements [1], [2], [3], [4], but the measurements are out of date, are not collected at client locations (e.g., they are taken at root servers), or are collected at very few client locations.In this paper we present the largest known study of wide-area DNS performance at clients. We use data obtained under a variety of network environments such as location in the Internet topology, connection technology and client ISP. We identify DNS system performance measures and investigate the degree to which they vary from site to site. We report on measures that are relatively consistent throughout the system such as the fraction of names whose lookups succeed, and those that vary widely, such as overall response times and response times from root and gTLD servers. We also discuss the impact of some of these measures on DNS performance for non-cached domain names, confirming some current notions about DNS operation while challenging others.


This monography is located from the investigative horizon of the Theology of action, and based on the theological method of Ignacio Ellacuria S. J. which parts from the hermeneutics of historical reality, seeks to deepen on the question about the practical meaning of the ellacurian theological method on the Christian experience of forgiveness in the mediation of Luke 15, 11-32 in the case of the Association of Relatives of the Trujillo Victims (AFAVIT). This investigative exercise was made through four moments that respond to the chapters that made up this monography. They are: to take charge of the reality, to carry reality, to take over reality and to allow reality to charge you.
The journey through these chapters made possible to recognize the ongoing complexity of the work of theology on topics such as forgiveness. The parable of the gospel of Luke has illuminated the experience of the victims of AFAVIT. Some of them have managed to understand, after many years of impunity, that Christian forgiveness is a possible way to transcend the logic of ordinary justice marked by the logic of punishment according to the crime. In consequence, it is about assuming forgiveness in life as a gift and gratuity.


The reaction path hamiltonian is used to investigate the isomerisation CH3O → CH2OH; the reaction path, the frequencies along it and the coupling coefficients describing reaction path curvature were calculated by ab-initio methods. Correlation effects were included by configuration interaction using a double-zeta-plus-polarisation basis set. Including both tunnelling and curvature gives temperature dependent rate constants in broad agreement with experiment, whereas previous results were in error by several orders of magnitude.


Construction technology standard 99-1 has been applied by related responsible institution since 2013. The standard regulates that the long-term elder caring, curing and nursing house should have more than two compartments and interior escape stairs. However, the standard does not suit for institutions built before 2013. In this way, though those institutions conform to construction and fire safety rule and regulation, there are still potential fire risks. This research takes existing long-term elder caring, curing and nursing house built before 2013 and exempted from construction technology rule 99-1 as the objects and checks rule and regulation types in various periods and existing problems. We take "Leave the room and escape when in the room of fire origin; shelter-in-place whennot in the room of fire origin" as the main sheltering concept and put forward reference design principle according to the fire safety design strategy factors in different fire grow stages to improve "fire safety of existing legal institution design".


Well integrity management is a prime global focus area for all oil and gas operators. Any field-wide corrosion challenge requires a substantial investment to manage the integrity of assets and, consequently, to maximize life expectancy and efficiency. Over decades, the industry has concentrated its efforts toward containing fluids from any unintentional release at the surface occurring as a result of corrosion. This paper highlights the most recent electromagnetic (EM) logging technology developments to address well integrity challenges.
 Three primary corrosion mechanisms occur in oil and gas wells: chemical, mechanical, and electrochemical. Electrochemical corrosion is the mechanism responsible for most of the failures in which the outermost casing is exposed to corrosive fluids and is consequently penetrated first. As the corrosion process continues, subsequent well barriers are progressively corroded until the inner casing or tubing is in direct contact with a corrosive environment and at direct risk of a major well integrity failure. As a result of this outside-to-inside corrosion mechanism, the early diagnosis of the outermost casing status is especially important as a proactive measure to identify any potential weak zones in the completion string. This early diagnosis is a major step to optimize well integrity intervention and to optimize workover operations costs. Cathodic protection and coated casing are used to extend the life of the well by controlling corrosion; however, these are only mitigation measures that slow down but do not eliminate corrosion. EM logging technology provides an effective method for monitoring and identifying the effectiveness of these corrosion mitigation measures.
 Time domain EM pulse eddy current (PEC) technology has facilitated corrosion evaluation by logging through tubing, thereby avoiding the cost of pulling completions solely for surveillance purposes. The latest EM PEC technology, the enhanced pipe detection tool (ePDT), provides individual barrier thickness measurements for four concentric pipe strings. The innovative features of ePDT include: (1) A fractal transmitter (Tx) coiled array that improves the performance of the tool with enhanced signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) covering a wide signal dynamic range, and adaptability for various logging speeds and spatial resolutions for varying pipes; (2) a synthetic aperture of the receiver (Rx) coil array for noise compensation from extraneous tool motion; and (3) a wide-spatial aperture Rx coil array which, when combined with (1) and (2), enables the compression of the inner pipe remnant magnetization interferences without sacrificing spatial resolution. This paper demonstrates ePDT benefits by benchmarking to other technologies and control environments. The results are discussed in detail to provide an overview of EM technology, as well as the advantages and limitations. Ultimately, the answer product from this technology is integrated with other current and historical information related to the well or field being evaluated as part of the well integrity management system (WIMS).
 Finally, it is important to expand the technology operating envelope beyond the standard applications to address larger completions challenges, such as gas wells and landing base inspection, by extending the tool capabilities while optimizing data acquisition and processing methodologies.


Peer-to-peer locking of two magnetrons is analyzed including the effects of a frequency chirp and of low frequency noise. It is found that complete phase locking cannot be achieved in either case. However, as long as the locking condition is well satisfied instantaneously, a high degree of locking occurs. This analysis in the time domain is adapted to locking in the spatial domain, in particular to the interpretation of some recent experiments on the spatial correlation of two ablating current-carrying wires that are placed sufficiently close to each other.


This article outlines the type of facial telangiectasia,medical and biological mechanism and inhibition of telangiectasia,including the key steps of inhibition of VEGF(vascular endothelial growth factor),platelet aggregation and inflammatory mediators,and analyses the hemodynamic changes in the formation of anti-redness(red blood streak albertdeng).It is expected to provide the biological and medical basis for screening the traditional Chinese medicinals and herbal medicines with the efficacy of eliminating facial redness.


The present invention relates to a lithium manganese oxide positive electrode active material which contains the lithium manganese-based oxide has a spinel structure, in a discharge process of a 3V area, is determined as from the surface of the particle toward the center structure cubic system (cubic) tetragonal (tetragonal) structure core for a phase transition as in the structure represents a shell (core-shell) phase transition phenomenon, the shell portion has a positive electrode, characterized in that includes a conductive material for improving the electrical conductivity of the tetragonal structure of the active material It provides.


The two commonly occurring boundary conditions in heat conduction problems of known heat transfer and radiation have been represented on a resistance-capacitance electrical analogue for which the time of operation is about one minute. If the coefficient of heat transfer or the forcing temperature varies with time, the effect can be included by using uniselector switches. The simulation of radiation is achieved using a semiconductor, Metrosil or Atmite, in conjunction with a constant current supply based on a pentode. Particular attention is drawn to a method of altering the conductance constant of a semiconductor by choosing an appropriate voltage scaling factor. Three examples illustrate the principles; the dipping of a bar into a cooling medium, the effect of thermal shock on a turbine blade and the radiant heating of a thick hollow cylinder.


Summary Wordlessly, we show that there are infinitely many Pythagorean triples with consecutive integers as legs and infinitely many Pythagorean triples with consecutive triangular numbers as legs.


A tweakable block encrypting device includes an input means for inputting an n -bit plain text and an n -bit tweak, a tweak-dependent key deriving means for deriving a tweak-dependent key by encrypting the tweak using an n -bit block encryption function, fixing a given ( n - m )-bits (where 1 < m < n /2) out of the result of the encryption to a given value, and encrypting the result of the fixing by cipher processing having an n -bit input, a means for block encryption using a mask by substituting the tweak in a keyed function, thereby generating a mask value, adding the mask value to the plain text, encrypting the result of the addition by using the n -bit block ciphers and by using the tweak-dependent key, adding the mask value to the result of the encryption, and thereby generating an encrypted text, and an output means for outputting the encrypted text.


Product reuse is most profitable where manufacturers acquire used products in the best possible condition—near new and with little wear and tear. This requires consumers, however, to dispose of products that still work and may still be in use. Prior scholarship on acquiring consumer products for reuse focuses on consumer "returns"—products consumers find fault with, or bought in error. These, however, are a fraction of all products sold to consumers and available for reuse. Importantly, returns are motivated by a different set of factors, than product "disposal." We explore how psychological ownership influences consumer disposal of reusable products. Across three studies of Australian consumers, we found two psychological tendencies (attachment and frugality) increased product retention. We also found, that infrequent product use, and emotional reward, could weaken ownership and encourage disposal of products that are attractive for reuse. To our knowledge, no behavioral studies in the product acquisition literature deal with consumers before or during product disposal. We highlight a role for consumers in product acquisition, as well as contribute to the consumer psychology and mental accounting literature, and identify significant opportunity for manufacturers to leverage consumers' psychological tendencies to improve the collection of reusable products.


The invention discloses a method for preparing (S)-3-piperidinecarboxylic acid. The method includes steps of carrying out reaction on 3-piperidinecarboxamide or salt of the 3-piperidinecarboxamide in concentrated hydrochloric acid to obtain (S)-3-piperidinecarboxylic acid salt; converting the (S)-3-piperidinecarboxylic acid salt to obtain the (S)-3-piperidinecarboxylic acid. The method has the advantages that the reaction is carried out on the 3-piperidinecarboxamide or the salt of the 3-piperidinecarboxamide in the concentrated hydrochloric acid, accordingly, chiral resolution effects can be realized while hydrolysis is carried out, and resolution on the 3-piperidinecarboxamide or 3-piperidinecarboxylic acid by the aid of chiral resolving agents can be omitted; preparation processes are simple in post-treatment operation, N protection and de-protection processes are omitted, accordingly, the method is high in atomic economy and low in cost, and a simple, feasible and low-cost production method can be provided for synthesizing the (S)-3-piperidinecarboxylic acid.


The challenge of treating large osseous defects presents a formidable problem for orthopedic and maxillofacial surgeons. The present method of choice to replace lost tissue is autologous bone grafting, but supplies of autologous bone are limited and harvesting of the graft is associated with donor site morbidities [1]. Artificial biomaterials offer much promise, but do not, by themselves, supply the osteo-progenitor cells needed for bone formation. Moreover, there are often issues with resorption of the scaffold used in the biomaterial, coupled with inadequate vascularization. To address this short-fall, the use of a muscle flap that can act as a bio-reactor for the growth of mesenchymal stromal cells, which can then provide a composite bone mineral for maxillofacial reconstruction has been reported [2]. The role of muscle in bone regeneration has not been studied extensively, however there is proof that muscle has the propensity to induce bone formation because of its intrinsic osteogenic potential when exposed to osteogenic stimuli including bone matrix substitutes and bone morphogenic proteins [3-5]. The most accepted mechanism behind bone formation is that an inflammatory response at the surgical site, and the presence of oestrogenic stimuli amplify the signalling of exogenous BMP-7, triggers the MAPK pathway, as explained by Hassel et al. [6].


Sessile hydrogel drops on rigid surfaces exhibit wetting/contact morphology intermediate between liquid drops and glass spheres. Using density functional theory, we reveal the contact forces acting between a hydrogel and a rigid glass surface. We show that while transitioning from liquid-like to solid-like hydrogels, there exists a critical hydrogel elasticity which enables a switch from attractive to repulsive interaction with the underlying rigid glass surface. Our theoretical model is validated by experimental observations of sessile Polyacrylamide (PAAm) hydrogels of varying elasticity on glass surfaces. Further, the proposed model successfully approaches Young's law in the pure liquid limit and work of adhesion in the glassy limit. Lastly, we show a modified contact angle relation taking into account the hydrogel elasticity to explain the features of a distinct hydrogel foot.


In order to model, estimate and make a comparative analysis of the behavior of systematic risk, this paper, by using daily data from 09.28.1997 to 09.22.2015, estimates and extends the traditional Capital Asset Pricing Model for industrial portfolio in Tehran Stock Exchange, with DBEKK_GARCH and Shwert_Seguin Models. Findings show that estimated systematic risk for the Iranian industrial portfolio is time-varying. Therefore, using the traditional Capital Asset Pricing Model, with constant beta, may not be a good idea for modeling systematic risk and forecasting the expected returns of capital assets, as it may lead us to misleading results. Also findings show that the traditional CAPM and Shwert_Seguin models have almost identical forecast accuracy, although their accuracy is less than the DBEKK_GARCH model. The estimated systematic risk, from DBEKK_GARCH and Shwert_Seguin models, does not show any trend behavior over time.


This chapter reviews the literature on comprehension of media-based presentations to develop mental models of physical systems. It examines the representations and cognitive processes involved in understanding media-based presentations, the abilities and skills on which this understanding depends, and the effectiveness of different media for communicating different types of content. In reviewing how people construct mental models from media, it considers how people learn about the structure and functioning of physical systems from visual-spatial representations alone, including static and animated diagrams, and later reviews how they learn from combinations of visual-spatial and verbal representations. Iconic static diagrams can be effective for communicating the static structure of a system and can also be the basis for mental animation. Traditional print media, that is, static diagrams accompanied by text, can provide highly effective external representations to aid the development of mental models of dynamic systems.


From the time that the first peoples of North America developed the means to harvest fish, walleye and sauger have been sought after as both a source of food and for recreation. In this chapter we outline the development and current status of aboriginal, commercial, and recreational walleye and sauger fisheries in North America. In addition, we describe how exploitation is managed within each of these fisheries, and summarize current research related to walleye and sauger exploitation in North America.


Concerning petroleum formation, the writer has made petrrological, sedimentological and geochemical studies On the organic substances contained in the Neogeize sediments developed in and around the region of the barkbone ranges between Akita and Iwate Prefectures, namely, from Masuda Town inrlkita Prefecture to the northwest of lchinoseki City in lwate Prefectare. The extractable organic eonstituents of the black mudstone_??_siltstone and partly tuffaceous and sandymudstones were determined and some discussions Were given On the relation between the distributions Of the extracted hydrocarhons and the litholoaic, sedimentologic and petrologic features.


Simultaneous communication combines spoken English with manual representations of English words by signs and fingerspelling. The purpose of this investigation was to study the effect of sign complexity on temporal features of speech during simultaneous communication (SC). The effects of three independent variables: (a) mode (speech only versus SC); (b) sign complexity (base versus elaborated signs); and (c) type of sign movement (kinetic versus morphokinetic) were studied on five dependent variables: (a) word duration, (b) sentence duration, (c) diphthong duration, (d) interword‐interval before signed experimental word (IWIB), and (e) interword‐interval after signed experimental word (IWIA). Audio recordings were made of 12 normal‐hearing, experienced sign language users speaking experimental words that varied in sign complexity and movement under SC and speech only (SO) conditions. Results indicated longer sentence durations for SC than SO and longer anticipatory durations of IWIB and diphthong before si...


Development work in the west of the side of the city is being extended. We are committed to keeping Birmingham moving throughout the redevelopment, but there will be some disruption.


Aii efticient combination of private wastewater management and municipal treatment can be encouraged through municipal service charges based on actual treatment costs. Charges for content are usually in the form of surcharges based on the weight of selected contaminants in excess of specified concentrations. A charge for volume and for the entire weight of each priced contaminant is recommended. The selection of pricing parameters depends on the treatment process and wastewater characteristics. Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and suspended solids are major cost determinants for conventional primary and secondary treatment and are the most common pricing parameters. More comprehensive measures of content are needed for allocating the cost of more advanced treatment processes. BOD can be a major cost determinant and still not be an effective pricing parameter. BOD analysis of industrial wastewater should be either supplemented or replaced by other measures of organic content such as chemical oxygen demand. Both federal cost recovery requirements and municipal accounts include a clear distinction between capital costs and operating and maintenance costs. Thus, separate cost allocations are necessary. A component pricing method was developed for allocating actual costs in proportion to the marginal costs for volume and for each


The change in photoperiod is the main environmental cue for seasonal function of the reproductive, thermoregulatory, and immune systems in rodents existing outside of the tropics. In Israel, the social vole Microtus socialis breeds mainly under short photoperiod (SP) conditions. Previous studies showed that exposing voles to light interference (LI) in the field during the winter resulted in death. The aim of the current study was to determine the thermoregulatory response of SP‐acclimated voles to LI. Therefore, heat production (VO2) at different ambient temperatures (Ta) and nonshivering thermogenesis (NST) were measured. Results show that LI of 15 min every 4 h during the dark period significantly (p<0.02) decreased VO2 at Ta=15°C and significantly (p<0.05) decreased NST‐capacity. These results can at least partly explain why LI‐voles died during the winter under field conditions, through eliminating winter acclimatization of the thermoregulatory system, or what is considered as "seasons out of time."


This paper considers a problem of rotating m matrices toward a best least-squares fit. The problem is known as the orthogonal Procrustes problem. For $m = 2$ the solution of this problem is known and can be given in a closed form using the singular value decomposition. It appears that the general case of $m > 2$ cannot be solved explicitly and an iterative procedure is required. The authors discuss a dual approach to the Procrustes problem where the maximal value of the objective function is approximated from above. This involves minimization of the sum of k largest eigenvalues of a symmetric matrix. It will be shown that under certain conditions ensuring differentiability of the obtained function at the minimum, this method gives the global solution of the Procrustes problem.


The present invention, most of the cells have a lineage negative and express both the CD44 antigen and CD11b antigen, provides an isolated myeloid-like bone marrow cell population. These cells, mammal, especially administered to the eye of a mammal suffering from ocular degenerative disease, have beneficial vascular trophic activity and neurotrophic activity. Myeloid-like bone marrow cells, and treating the bone marrow cells with antibodies to antibody or both antibodies, against CD11b for CD44 (hyaluronic acid receptor), using flow cytometry, positive selection of CD44 and / or CD11b expressing cells by, it is isolated. The isolated myeloid-like bone marrow cells of the present invention, a gene encoding a protein that is therapeutically useful for delivery to the retina, the gene can be transfected.


The spinodal decomposition in a critical mixture of polydimethylsiloxane-diethyl carbonate was investigated by a time-resolved light-scattering technique, focusing especially onthe early and the intermediate stages of phase separation. The most essential characteristics of this system are that both the refractive index and the density of the solvent and of the polymer are almost the same, and the effects of multiple scattering and sedimentation are mostly eliminated. The exponential growth of the scattered light intensity without changing of its wave number was clearly observed, in good agreement with Cahn-Hillard theory


A three dimensional (3-D) geometry-based channel model is proposed for intelligent reflecting surface (IRS)-assisted unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication scenarios where the users are located on the edge of IRS service area. In order to reduce the interference between different IRS reflection units, we first construct an optimization problem about the statistical propagation phases of different IRS reflection units, and then derive the optimal statistical propagation phase by solving the designed optimization problem. Finally, we align the proposed statistical propagation phases of IRS with the stronger components to derive suboptimal IRS reflection phases. Using derived IRS reflection phases, the statistical properties are investigated. The numerical results show that the proposed IRS reflection phases can enhance the received signal strength and reduce the multipath fading effect. Also, it can be observed that when the number of IRS reflection units increases, the spatial correlation significantly decreases.


Satellite links supported by circularly polarized (CP) antennas and linearly polarized (LP) antennas respectively have long been conceived as two incompatible assets. Via Wavefront Multiplexing techniques, we show that the CP and LP satellite assets can be mutually assistive. There are some markets that have been populated with many LP satellites and CP terminals. The presented techniques enable satellite operators to cost-effectively service Ku-band VSAT users, either in fixed satellite service (FSS) or mobile satellite service (MSS) markets, via LP space assets in Ku band. Central to our subject are the Wavefront Multiplexing (WF muxing) techniques. Multiple LP transponders become accessible efficiently by CP ground terminals, and vice versa, without modifications of ground user equipment and satellite assets. In addition, applications of WF muxing techniques offer the following extended features to the transponders: (1) coherent power combining of output powers, and (2) dynamic output power allocations. Proposed methods not only enable VSAT terminals to access CP or LP space assets equally well, but also allow teleport operators to manage their assets with greater flexibility.


Applying computational codes functioning on the basis of methods such as Finite Integration caused the designing of different parts of an accelerator to be done faster and with more precision. New software validity is evaluated compared with analytical relations and practical results. This research aims to design an appropriate structure for thermionic electron gun of travelling wave electron-linac to be used to inject beam into synchrotron accelerators. First, a simple structure of an electron gun used in TWT tube was simulated, and the parameters such as current, perveance, beam waist position, beam waist radius, and also the electric potential variation in the anode-cathode distance and the electric field of anode aperture were compared by experimental results and analytic relations. After verifying the software validation, a design of an electron gun with energy and current respectively, 200 keV, 18 A and also initial beam radius of 8mm and minimum beam radius of 3.4 mm situated at the distance of 67.44mm from the cathode, was presented.


This article uses the method of documentary investigation to discuss the general situation of the development of sports of handicapped in China and the meanings of doing sports for the handicapped.Then we point out that if the handicapped doing sports,it is useful for them to enhance their self-confidence and courage,improve their constitution and psychology,communicate with other peoples,enrich their life and advance the instauration of spirit-civilization in socialism.At last,we give some suggestions about how to develop the sports of handicapped more quickly in the new epoch.


Octavia Estelle Butler can be considered a visionary writer from many perspectives. The prominent science and speculative fiction writer is known for her afrofuturistic tropes. Her novels reflect relevance in today's scenario in myriad ways. Clay's Ark (1984) is a part of the Patternist Series. In this novel, Butler envisioned a humanity plagued by an alien microbe from another star named Proxima Centauri. The novel traces the spread of the pandemic caused by the Clay's Ark microbe resulting in hybrid children who mix human and animal characteristics. Butler chose the trope of the alien microbe in a very different yet believable way. The hybrid children are the next stage of evolution in Butler's Patternists world. The aim of this paper is to explore the hybrid identities caused by the pandemic in Octavia Butler's Clay's Ark through the lens of biopolitics of difference and to reflect on the metaphorical significance of the same.