Objective To investigate the impact of regulating the preload of arterialized venous flap and reducing postoperative tissue swelling on flap survival and quality.Methods Ten New Zealand white rabbits were used to create 20 venous flaps on both sides of the abdominal wall.A branch of the femoral artery (inferior epigastric artery) was anastomosed with a subcutaneous vein in the venous flap to arterialize the venous flap.The 10 flaps on the left side were designated as venous flaps of the experimental group in which the distal end of the femoral artery was not ligated,forming a mode of regulated pressure in the artery and blood flow bypass.The 10 flaps on the right side were designated as venous flaps of the control group in which the main femoral artery distal to the branch of inferior epigastric artery was ligated,forming a femoral artery-inferior epigastric artery direct blood supply mode.Before and after ligation of the femoral artery in the control group,the changes of pressures in the inferior epigastric artery were determined.Tissue samples were collected from the edge of the flaps 3 days after the operation for histological observation.Results In the experimental group,8 venous flaps survived completely,while 1 partially survived and 1 necrotized.In the control group,5 venous flaps survived,while 4 partially survived and 1 necrotized.There was statistically significant difference in flap survival between the two groups (P < 0.05).The survival quality of venous flaps in the experimental group was better than that in the control group.Measurement of inferior epigastric artery pressure showed that the systolic pressure without ligation of the femoral artery was 10% lower than that with ligation of the femoral artery.Histology of flaps revealed better results in the experimental group.Conclusion The modification of arterialized venous flap regulates the perfusion pressure (preload) and improves the balance of blood perfusion in the flap.The occurrence of postoperative tissue swelling is reduced.The survival quality of the venous flap is greatly improved.

Key words:
Surgical flaps;  Animal experimentation;  Preload;  Bypass and pressure reduction


In satellite navigation receivers, the hardware delays of code and carrier are different because of their different tracking processes, which is called as the code-carrier hardware delay difference. This difference depends on the condition of receivers and varies from one to another. Therefore, in the carrier phase RTK (real-time kinematic) position process, the bias of code-carrier hardware delay difference between the base receiver and the moving receiver will cause the baseline resolution error. In this article, we analyze the code-carrier hardware delay difference, and the theoretical derivation shows that the baseline resolution error increases with the bias as well as the signal Doppler frequency. For a static RTK user on the ground, a microsecond level bias leads to a baseline resolution error in millimeter level, compared to a centimeter level error caused by the LEO satellite whose speed can reach several kilometers per second. In that case, the bias needs to be calibrated for those high precision RTK applications. However, there are few researches to calibrate the receiver carrier hardware delay because the carrier phase measurement integral ambiguity is difficult to be measured. In this article, we propose a method to measure and calibrate the bias of code-carrier hardware delay difference between different receivers. Real data test results show that the proposed method can effectively eliminate the RTK baseline resolution error caused by the bias of code-carrier hardware delay differences between the base receiver and the moving receiver.


Alzheimer's disease (AD) related beta amyloid (Aβ) peptides possess high propensity towards aggregation. Their diffusion-controlled association follows a physico-chemically well-defined kinetics: the fibrillization starts from the monomeric/ dimeric state, and proceeds in the direction of oligomeric→protofibrillar→ fibrillar state producing neurotoxic aggregates. Nowadays one of the major directions of the drug design against AD is the synthesis of putative amyloid aggregation inhibitor molecules (AAI) which are able to hinder the formation of these toxic amyloid aggregates. Studies of both the Aβ aggregation and the effect of the AAIs on this process can be performed with several instrumental techniques. The size distribution of the aggregates up to the micron size range can be characterized with dynamic light scattering (DLS). On the other hand, species having a diameter above 5 nm can be visualized with transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In this work, we propose standardized sample preparation pro...


Mortality in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) can be as high as 60%, and survivors are often left with severe disabilities and require


A fluid-well device, in particular to provide for receiving a liquid, which is simple and convenient and reliable mountable a sump device, it is proposed that the fluid-well device comprising: a shell element, which serves to receive the liquid, wherein the trough member comprises a fixing portion for When comprises setting the element to a base body; a fluid guide for the discharge of liquid from the trough element and / or for passing fluid through the trough element, wherein the fluid guide includes a tubular guide element, comprising a ground-level end and / or a bottom distal end, wherein the near-ground end in a region near the bottom of the trough element is disposed, and wherein the bottom distal end is a mounting end for securing the guide element on the base body, said fixed in a prepared for mounting the fluid bath arrangement state, the guide member in at least one direction of movement relative to the shell element and is displaceable in at least one direction of movement relative to the trough member of the trough element is arranged.


Carrier conduction in wide bandgap semiconductors (WBS) often exhibits velocity saturation at the high-electric field regime. How such effects influence the transition between contact-limited and space-charge-limited current (SCLC) in a two-terminal device remains largely unexplored thus far. Here, we develop a generalized carrier transport model that includes contact-limited field-induced carrier injection, space charge, carrier scattering, and velocity saturation effect. The model reveals various transitional behaviors in the current–voltage characteristics, encompassing Fowler–Nordheim emission, trap-free Mott–Gurney (MG) SCLC, and velocity-saturated SCLC. Using GaN, 6H–SiC and 4H–SiC WBS as examples, we show that the velocity-saturated SCLC completely dominates the high-voltage (102–104 V) transport for typical sub-μm GaN and SiC diodes, thus unraveling velocity-saturated SCLC as a central transport mechanism in WBG electronics.


According to Eccles' expectancy-value theory, individual's expectancy of success and subjective task value are valid predictors of achievement behaviors. The purpose of this study was to develop the volleyball sport expectancy and value scale-based on Eccles expectancy value theory. There were Based on Lin (2005), Liao, Lin, Hung and Shu (2005) and Liao, Lin, Liu and Lee (2004)develop sport expectancy-value scale, Eccles and his colleague's expectancy-value concept, a set of question items were added to Eccles and Wigfield's structure of adolescent's achievement task value and expectancy-related beliefs. After 447 volleyball player completed questionnaires, item analysis was used to remove inappropriate items. With factor analysis and reliability test, the reliability and validity of the scale were established. The result of this study showed four stable factors, including ability expectancy, task difficulty, psychological cost of failure, and task value. The scale had excellent internal consistency, acceptable goodness of fit. All of the above proved the scale had excellent reliability and validity. Besides being used to examine expectancy and value structure in the volleyball sport field, the scale can also be an appropriate measurement tool for future about volleyball achievement behavior study.


Volume 116| Number 1/2 January/February 2020 Review Article https://doi.org/10.17159/sajs.2020/6359 © 2020. The Author(s). Published under a Creative Commons Attribution Licence. Cardiac surgery publications in Africa over the last 20 years: A literature review AUTHORS: *Yihan Lin1,2,3 *Brian M. Till2,4 Sojung Yi2,5 James S. Dahm2,6 Kathryn Taylor2,7 Nguyen Lu8 Peter Zilla9 Ralph M. Bolman3 *joint first authorship


The utility model is aimed at creating a welded pipe joint that provides reliable and high-quality protection of the weld zone both in the factory and in the field. The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the site of the welded joint of the pipeline containing two pipes with an internal coating and a sleeve with an internal coating installed coaxially inside them in the joint zone, on the outer surface of which there is a central annular groove with a centering split ring and two annular grooves for sealing elements made on opposite sides of the central annular groove, the latter are filled with an elastomer foaming when heated. The centering ring is provided with a rectangular protrusion of a rectangular shape. 5 ill.


Abstract This study seeks to examine the association between managers' occupational identity, high performance management practices, and managers' burnout. We propose a theoretical model that integrates identity theory into stress and human resource management research. We investigate the proposition that a weak verification of manager's identity will be associated with a higher level of burnout, and that high-performance human resource management practices (HPHRMPs) moderate this association. Data came from SALVEO, a cross-sectional study conducted in the province of Quebec (Canada). Data were obtained from 314 managers nested in 56 workplaces. The results show a significant association between a low level of verification of some standards of the manager's identity and burnout, mainly work demands and recognition. Thus, a low level of identity verification regarding work demands is associated with a low level of burnout. While a low level of identity verification regarding recognition is associated with a high level of burnout. HPHRMPs do not moderate the relation between managers' verification of occupational identity and burnout. Seldom are studies that have analyzed the link between managers' occupational identity, burnout, and HPHRMPs. By integrating the theory of identity, the theoretical model developed in this research offers a new perspective to explain managers' burnout.


The necessity, feasibility, strategies and effects of establishing regionsterilization and supply center were stated based on the experiences of West ChinaHospital and the development tendencies of domestic and international sterilization andsupply centers.


In a research project five senior Pakeha counselling practitioners reflected on challenges they face when practicing cross-culturally. As part of the project, stories of careful and successful practice were told alongside stories of challenge. Further developments in their practice came as the counsellors focused their attention on the discursive context of challenging practice situations and identified position calls which put limits on their effectiveness. Once the unhelpful position calls were identified and different positions were taken up, more satisfying and effective practice resulted.


The purposes of this paper are focused on determining the initial equilibrium configuration of tensegrtiy structures which are selfstress equilibrium system and selected method of preset geometric configuration or prestress distribution.The force method and displacement method are implemented in order to establish the basic equations of nonlinear FEA and compile the form-finding program.In the light of stiffness characteritics of tensegrity structures,the convergency of iterative computation is solved.And the initial equilibrium configuration of tensegrtiy triangular prism is calculated and determined using the form-finding program.The form-finding program based on the virtual work theory can determine effectively the initial equilibrium configuration of tensegrtiy structures.Some reasonable advice for the preset geometric configuration and prestress distribution is given by investigating the tensegrity units.


Anna Stephens, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia Patricia A. Rowe, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia, email@example.com(tel.) + 61 (7) 3365 6882 (fax) + 61 (7) 3365 6988 Gregory S. Harper, CSIRO Livestock Industries, Queensland Bioscience Precinct, 306 Carmody Rd., St Lucia, Qld 4067 Shaun Coffey CSIRO Livestock Industries, Queensland Bioscience Precinct, 306 Carmody Rd., St Lucia, Qld 4067 Anna Stephens' research interests lie in understanding the drivers of successful biotechnology cluster development. Anna has a background in biotechnology commercialisation, having worked in both the public and private sectors in this area. Her undergraduate studies consisted of a Bachelor of Biotechnology Innovation (first class honours). Patricia Rowe's research interest is in understanding the interactive process of sharing of know-how and its impact on the innovation process and firm growth. Patricia has published a number of book chapters and refereed journal articles and has presented her work at premier international and national management conferences, including the American Academy of Management, International Council of Small Business, European Group of Organisational Studies and the Australian and New Zealand Academy of Management Gregory Harper is research Stream Leader in CSIRO Livestock Industries. He holds a PhD in Biochemistry, and a Graduate Diploma of Technology Management. He has published over 100 articles including book chapters, scientific papers and reviews. After working in three CRCs and a CSIRO Flagship, Greg has become interested in the role of collaborative networks in delivery of commercially-relevant outcomes from research. His work was recognised in 2003 through a CSIRO Award for Collaborative Excellence. Shaun Coffey, Chief of CSIRO Livestock Industries, holds an agriculture science degree and a research MAgrSc degree, plant sciences, from University Melbourne. Awarded the Silver Medal, International Federation of Agricultural Journalists in 2000 in recognition of services to rural journalism; Fellow of the Australian Institute of Management, and


Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the certification and monitoring motivations of third-party underwriting and its effects on credit spreads and earnings management of bank issuers.

Design/methodology/approach
Ordinary least squares is used to examine the certification and monitoring effects of third-party underwriting. Furthermore, the Heckman two-stage estimation method is used in controlling the endogeneity of sample selection.

Findings
The authors find that financial bonds underwritten by third-party underwriters bear lower credit spreads due to their credibly ex ante certification and effectively ex post monitoring compared with self-underwriting. Moreover, the certification of third-party underwriters can help to select good quality bond issuers with lower earnings management, and the monitoring function also plays an essential role in constraining the behavior of earnings management after the bond issues.

Research limitations/implications
The findings in this study suggest that underwriting types (third-party underwriting) will affect financial bond yields and bank issuers' earnings management.

Practical implications
On the one hand, the authors should encourage third-party underwriters to actively promote the certification and monitoring functions. For example, given commercial banks the chance to be underwriters when the bond issuers are investment banks, which is not allowed now in China's financial bond market. On the other hand, the authors should cut off the quid pro quo relations within third-party underwriting because such relations will reduce the certification and monitoring effects of third-party underwriters.

Originality/value
This is the first study to distinguish the certification and monitoring effects by using unique data from China's financial bond market. And the authors further investigate the adverse effects of quid pro quo relations (hiring each other as lead underwriters) on the certification and monitoring effects of third-party underwriters.


The digital Core Protection Calculator System (CPCS) is used basically to trip the reactor in case of low DNBR or high LPD. This is important because if the heat yield by the reactor is not properly removed the Specified Acceptance Fuel Design Limits (SAFDL) are violated and the fuel can be damaged. However, is the reactor trip the only possible option to avoid the fuel damage? The reference [1] suggest the use of rapid power reduction to provide margin to SAFDL enough to avoid a reactor trip. The reactor power cutback system is designed to give that fast power reduction. It is considered a partial reactor trip using preselected regulating groups of control rods [1]. Therefore, the use of RPCS can permit the NPP remains operational during most of the anticipated operational occurrences (AOO) that CPCS is designed for. Korean nuclear industry is developing a new algorithm of core protection system named Reactor Core Protection System (RCOPS). This system improves the operational margin and the plant availability [2]. The increasing of operational margin is achieved by reduction of uncertainties in the program CETOP, which is used to calculate the transport coefficient conservation equations. The increasing of plant availability is achieved by the addition of pre-trip alarms and the actuation of reactor power cutback system for 12-finger CEA drop [5]. At beginning of the digital core protection system development some issues were considered for the initial licensing process: o The quality of the software development process. o Software validation and verification. o Hardware and software burn-in testing. o Digital computer hardware environment qualification. [4] There are two main goals for this work, (01) improved the issues considered above using the Matlab® Simulink, and (02) apply the values of DNBR and LPD as input in the reactor power cutback system to rapidly reduce the power and avoid unnecessary reactor trips.


A classroom is a place where a teacher teaches the learners and where the learners learn from a teacher. Being the workshop of a teacher where teaching and learning take place, the management of a classroom needs to be accorded priority attention. It is believed that if classroom management is given attention, so will effective teaching be achieved. In this paper, the issue of effective classroom management is examined, with a focus on the elements, such as the effective use of chalkboard, communication, use of teaching aids/instructional materials, evaluation of lesson, and management of behavioural challenges, such as noise-making, sleeping, fighting, reading, writing, eating, hissing, foot-dragging, just to mention a few; as well as the management of classroom environment, are examined. The paper recommends how to achieve effective classroom management and ultimately, effective teaching in a classroom setting, such as effective use of chalkboard, communication, use of instructional materials, evaluation of lesson, and management of behavioural challenges.


Pressure sensor data is a very important parameter in any instrumentation system. In a launch vehicle environment pressure sensor data is particularly used for many critical decision making activities. This paper aims to introduce a portable, low cost and automated pressure sensor testing system using Raspberry Pi. It aims to carry out testing for different sensor configurations with minimal change in interfacing circuit. Hardware system is designed using analog multiplexers, instrumentation amplifier and ADC. Software interface is written in Python language which is natively supported by Raspberry Pi.


The measured coefficient of consolidation, cυ, can have a substantial degree of variation even in a uniform clay layer. This paper, through a probabilistic analysis, examines the variability of one‐dimensional consolidation solutions. Both the single layer and the multilayer models are evaluated. In the probabilistic analysis, the adequacy of a gamma distribution model for cυ is tested using experimental data. Then both the method of moments and the Monte Carlo method are used to develop solutions for one dimensional consolidation. The results are discussed in terms of confidence level with examples to demonstrate the variability of the solution of consolidation analysis.


Management strategies for invasive populations should be designed to maximise efficacy and efficiency, i.e. to accomplish their goals while operating with the least resource consumption. This optimisation is often difficult to achieve in stage-structured populations, because costs, benefits and feasibility of removing individuals may vary with stage. We use a spatially-explicit stage-structured model to assess efficacy of past, present and alternative control strategies for invasive guttural toads, Sclerophrys gutturalis, in Cape Town. The strategies involve removal of variable proportions of individuals at different life-history stages and spatial scales. We also quantify the time necessary to implement each strategy as a proxy of financial resources and we correct strategy outcomes by implementation of time to estimate efficiency. We found that the strategy initially pursued in Cape Town, which did not target any specific stage, was less efficient than the present strategy, which prioritises adult removal. The initial strategy was particularly inefficient because it did not reduce the population size despite allocating consistent resources to remove eggs and tadpoles. We also found that such removal might be detrimental when applied at high levels. This counter-intuitive outcome is due to the 'hydra effect': an undesired increase in population size caused by removing individuals before overcompensatory density dependence. Strategies that exclusively remove adults ensure much greater management efficiency than those that also remove eggs and tadpoles. Available management resources should rather be allocated to increase the proportion of adult guttural toads that are removed or the spatial extent at which this removal is pursued.


For urban signalized intersections, existing connected and automated vehicle-based urban traffic control (UTC) systems still have some issues to overcome, including few efforts on turning ratios, and compatibility and efficiency concerns to high levels of vehicle automation. In this paper, an automated vehicle (AV)-assisted signal control integrating standardized planning messages is proposed to resolve turning ratio uncertainty and standard compatibility concerns efficiently. First, an extended planning-assisted turning ratio method is proposed to extract the turning ratios from the trajectory planning data. Then, a movement-wise max pressure (MP) control is developed to improve mobility performances. The simulation results of typical traffic scenarios in real-life urban areas show that the AV trajectory planning helps accurately extract the turning ratios for each movement. Furthermore, the AV-assisted movement-wise MP control further improves the mobility performances of the urban network performances as large as 20.64% for time loss reduction and 6.48% for the vehicle speed improvement.


The basic region:leucine zipper (bZIP) DNA-binding protein, C/EBPbeta, plays a central role in many vital cellular processes, but is also implicated in tumorigenesis, tumor progression, as well as viral replication within cells. C/EBPbeta binds to specific DNA sites as homoor hetero-dimers and interacts with other transcription factors to control the transcription of a number of eukaryotic genes. C/EBPbeta is an intrinsically repressed protein that is activated in response to growth factors. This study employs a variety of techniques such as sequence analysis, molecular modeling, X-ray crystallography, and mutagenesis to provide structural insights into the mechanisms that modulate the biological activities of C/EBPbeta. Analysis of the primary structure indicates that C/EBPbeta is a largely disordered protein that consists of unstructured regions that have the potential to fold upon binding to molecular partners as well as regions that retain irregular conformations regardless of their environment. Here, a model of the auto-inhibited form of C/EBPbeta is presented as well as the structural basis of its specific dimerization, DNA-binding, and interactions with the p300 transcriptional co-activator.


Objective To investigate the impact of comprehensive nursing intervention on the effect and complications in children with mycoplasma pneumonia. Methods From 2012 to 2013,in Department of Emergency Pediatrics,the First Affiliated Hospital,University of South China,60 patients with mycoplasma pneumonia were selected and randomly divided into control group and intervention group,each of 32 cases. On the basis of conventional treatment,the control group given healthy education,the intervention group given comprehensive nurse intervention,the effect and complications were compared. Results The total effective rate of intervention group was 93. 7%,was higher than that of control group of 71. 9%(χ2= 10. 26,P 0. 05); the complication rate was 9. 4%,was lower than that of control group of 31. 2%( χ2= 12. 38,P 0. 05). Conclusion Comprehensive nursing intervention can enhance the therapeutic effect and reduce complications in children with mycoplasma pneumonia.


The purpose this case study was to describe characteristic features learning activities in the domain of earth and space science. Context of this study is earth and space learning activities on three groups of student teachers prospective, respectively on the subject of the shape and size of Earth, land and sea breeze, and moon's orbit. The analysis is conducted qualitatively from activity data and analyze students doing project work, student worksheets, group project report documents, note and audio recordings of discussion. Research findings identified the type of abduction: theoretical models abduction, factual abduction, and law abduction during the learning process. Implications for science inquiry learning as well as relevant research were suggested.


The bearing capacity of rock is the important parameters for engineering design,it directly influence the safety and economy of project.This article take rock uniaxial compression strength and site rock foundation loading test of a pile foundation project in Nanjing district as example,suggest that the table examination method can not simply be used to confirm the foundation bearing capacity of extreme soft rock in Nanjing district,site loading test method should be adopted first,so as to confirm the most approach value,serve the engineering construction.


Objective:To study the role of tissue fibronectin(FN) in the wound healing. Method:Thirty SD rats were randomly divided into control group, 8 hours group, 24 hours group , 7days group and 12 days group after trauma. Using rat gastrocnemius muscle blunt trauma model, the histological and immuno-histochemical changes of the wound was observed. Result: Tissue FN accumulated soon after the trauma. It came to a peak at 72 hours after trauma. The positive area of tissue FN are mainly located in the endomysium of the damaged area and around small vessels. In the late phase of the damage(after 72 hours), fibroblasts increased obviously, and the cell surface became FN positive, but it was less positive than the endomysium in the damaged area and around small vessels.Conclusion:Tissue FN in the damaged area mainly comes from plasma FN, in the late phase of trauma, a part of tissue FN is synthesized by fibroblasts. Author′s address\ Zhongshan Hospital,Shanghai Medical University,200032


The aim of this study is to show the capabilities that students have with teachers throughout their studies, to communicate and have a full picture of their study cycle for their part. Using robotic tools, scenarios have been implemented, which were created by a student of PMS INFORMATICS. The scenarios were designed according to the daily actions of the students during their studies. Through the use of robotics, students have the opportunity to download their personal account information panel with their data on their computer, to have excel sheets through robotics the tab of their grades, have access to their announcements and be informed about the latest announcements without having to login and browse the University site.


Title deeds are an invaluable source of information on the evolution of local housing markets. They are also a key to three other data sources. First, they complement plans registered with a local authority before a house was built. Second, by recording the deaths of most rentier landlords they give an entry point into the Probate Registry. Third, they check property ownership as listed in rate books. Finally, they are complementary in a more general sense. They are reliable (because solicitors take special care to see that the facts are correct) and each event in the history of a house is made intelligible by being recorded as part of a time sequence. But information is limited to one house or at most a block. Only by painstaking accumulation of a large number of deeds is it possible to discern economic patterns. Even then a sample of deeds drawn from a whole city might be insensitive to the finely balanced economic equations of, for example, landlords' rental income and their offsetting payments to mortgagees, agents, and ground landlords. Confined to a more manageable suburb, a sample of deeds may be atypical of the city. On the other hand, complementary data from the other registers is comprehensive, covering big geographic areas and large numbers of houses or people. But it comes as snapshots, aggregated appearances which are difficult to make socially or economically intelligible: the atomised names of otherwise anonymous builders on a building plan, landlords in a rate book, and property owners in the Probate Registry.


Despite the large evidence on teleconnections between the El Niño South Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon and the hydroclimatology of Central-Southern Chile, the propagation of the ENSO signal through the hydrological cycle is still unclear, because of the complex hydrological processes and compensatory/amplifying effects of meteorological anomalies on the hydrology. In this work, we examine the sensitivity of hydrological responses to contrasting ENSO phases – El Niño, La Niña or neutral phase – against local climatic conditions across 55 near-natural catchments, whose location provides a strong north-south latitudinal dry-wet gradient, with the Andes Cordillera acting as a longitudinal elevation control. We analyze the dependence of four meteorological variables and four hydrological signatures with ENSO phases across three different hydrological regimes – snowmelt-dominated, rainfall-dominated and mixed –. Additionally, we calculate the sensitivity of hydrological signatures to meteorological variables as the total derivative, to assess the full interactions of the system.


Objective Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a potentially fatal complication of hospitalisation. Intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) is one approach to reducing the likelihood of a VTE. Adherence to IPC is known to be inadequate though the reasons for this remain unclear. This systematic review explores factors that affect adherence to IPC in the inpatient context. Methods Information sources—EMBASE, MEDLINE and PsycINFO were searched for literature between January 1960 and May 2019. Eligibility criteria—studies were included if they focused on inpatient care and examined factors affecting adherence to IPC devices. Results Included studies—a total of 20 out of 1476 studies were included. Synthesis of results—eight factors were identified that affected adherence: patient discomfort (n=8), healthcare professionals' knowledge and behaviours (n=6), mobilisation (n=6), equipment supply and demand (n=3), the use of guidelines (n=3), intensive care context (n=2), computer-assisted prescribing (n=2) and patients' knowledge of IPC (n=1). Conclusion Overall while the evidence base is quite limited, a number of factors were shown to affect adherence to IPC. These findings could be used to inform future research and quality improvement efforts to increase adherence in this very important, but currently under-researched area.


ABSTRACT Seen as historically masculine, the road movie has privileged the white heterosexual male and thus perpetuated its traditional patriarchal configuration. To counteract the genre's gendered nature, some scholars have pointed to the growing need to study women's road movies, yet never in the context of experimental filmmaking, which was institutionalized as thoroughly masculine with women's work dismissed as peripheral or excessively lyrical. To fill this gap, I build on feminist geography and automobilities research to discuss the "feminine" road movie aesthetics in contemporary experimental films, Sophie Calle's No Sex Last Night (1992), Su Friedrich's Rules of the Road (1993), Michaela Grill's Carte Noir (2014) and Faith Arazi and Madeleine Mori's Through a Field (2019). While Carte Noir and Through a Field construct a lone female nomadic story and Double Blind and Rules of the Road embrace the couple road movie format, all works contest the road as a masculine space and question the genderedness of mobility through a strong emphasis on the (female) self and embodied practices of driving. This signals the cinematic transformation of women from a desired object to a creative subject, consequently denying the spectator the usual pleasures associated with voyeurism, fetishism and the (patriarchal) spectacle.


In the current controversy over the appropriateness of using developmentally appropriate practice (DAP) with young children with disabilities, the philosophies of early childhood special education (ECSE) and early childhood education (ECE) have frequently been characterized as incompatible. This article contrasts the differences between the two disciplines and discusses a service delivery approach, known as activity-based intervention (ABI). Combining strategies from both ECSE and ECE, this model utilizes behavior analytic techniques within child-directed activities. Although ABI and DAP appear to be compatible in many ways, DAP's emphasis on emotional development creates a dilemma. In part, because emotional development is difficult to evaluate, it has not been a focus of ECSE. This dilemma, as well as its implications for intervention, is discussed. It is argued that the continued comparison and integration of the philosophies of ECE and ECSE may enhance education for all young children.


The function and characteristic of Agilent ADS2006 is introduced.The stub matching is described in detail,and compare the simulation results by using microstrip open circuit stub and microstrip radial stub.The control is based on ADS2006 simulation tool,it is not only a kind of virtual equipment simulation,but also used as designing stub on harmonic suppression.


Here, we demonstrate use of a Mg2+-dependent, site-specific DNA enzyme (DNAzyme) to cleave oligos from polyacrylamide gel beads, which is suitable for use in drop-based assays. We show that cleavage efficiency is improved by use of a tandem-repeat cleavage site. We further demonstrate that DNAzyme-released oligos function as primers in reverse transcription of cell-released mRNA.


OF THESIS THE EFFICACY OF SCHOOL WELLNESS POLICIES IN KENTUCKY With the passage of the Child Nutrition and WIC Reauthorization Act of 2004, all schools that participate in the National School Lunch Program are required to establish local wellness policies to address childhood obesity. In the state of Kentucky, Senate Bill 172 requires all elementary schools to adopt a local wellness policy addressing competitive foods, healthy choices, and daily physical activity. This study measured federal and state compliance among schools that responded to the 2008 Kentucky School Nutrition Survey. This study analyzed differences in the school nutrition environment among policies based on data from the 2002 and 2008 Kentucky School Nutrition surveys. The majority of school wellness policies were compliant with both federal and state guidelines. Significant differences in the school environment include a reduction in the availability of vending machines, decreased percentage of teachers using food as a reward, and increased use by teachers of non food items as a reward. Significant differences were not found among foods offered in vending machines, snack bars, and classroom parties. In 2008, elementary schools provided an average of 174 minutes of physical activity weekly, which is above the recommended guideline of 150 minutes per week.


From the perspective of urban sociology,the definition of the Olympic village building has been analyzed.As a historical process,it has nonlinear characteristics.The concept and guidelines of every Olympic village are various,while the leaders or the masses' wishes will work in a certain period of its development,behind which is the deep level of social value and action.Olympic villages concern the physical space construction,as well as the social space construction,while the mature one is the organic combination of both of the above ideas.As the heart of Olympic movements,Olympic villages are the most dynamic location,thus making them have certain commemorative meanings different from the other areas of the city.


This paper, updated from a speech delivered to the CIB World Congress on 12 June 1998 at Gavle, Sweden, outlines recent and proposed developments by the UK government on its approach to sustainable development in construction. A wide definition of sustainability includes social progress, environmental protection, prudent use of natural resources and economic growth/stable levels of employment. A wide array of measures have been or will be implemented: an integrated national transport policy, a national programme of CO2 reductions from new (and possibly existing) buildings, a Social Exclusion Unit, a Welfare to Work programme, demonstration projects of sustainable construction, a new sustainable development strategy, dialogue with the construction industry, waste reduction schemes, landfill and aggregate taxes, improved management of water resources, an emphasis on whole life costs rather than initial capital costs of buildings, the development of sustainability indicators. Cette communication, mise a jour...


An electromagnetic isolation system can dynamically adjust the output characteristic parameters of the system in real time through the active control strategy, which has strong adaptability to the external environment. In order to control the electromagnetic vibration isolation system effectively, an active control method is presented based on the linear quadratic regulator (LQR) approach and the coevolutionary niche genetic algorithm (NGA). In this paper, the dynamical equation and state equation of the electromagnetic isolation system are built, which include the nonlinear relationship between electromagnetic force and coil current and gap. The LQR approach is employed to maintain a steady state of an isolated object on the vibration isolation system. Meanwhile, a coevolutionary niche genetic algorithm is put forward to optimize the parameters in Q and R matrices. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the electromagnetic isolation system with the LQR approach and coevolutionary NGA can effectively isolate the vibration and maintain a steady state for an isolated object in comparison with the passive isolation system.


This study deals with analysis of textbook for the 7th year students of junior high school based on the latest curriculum, namely the Merdeka curriculum. The purpose of this study was to identify the material presented in the textbook as compatible for grade 7 junior high school. This study was a qualitative descriptive study. The method of this study was content analysis. The data source for this research is the English textbook "English in Mind: Student's Book Starter" published by Cambridge University Press written by Herbert Puchta and Jeff Strank in 2010. The textbook analysis in this study considered eight criteria, namely; (1) goals and approach divided into two, aims and objectives and the teaching and learning situations; (2) Design and organization are divided into two, the components of the textbook package and the organization of the textbook; (3) Language content is divided into two, grammar and vocabulary; (4) Skills are divided into 4 listening, reading, speaking and writing; (5) Topics are divided into two, topic and subject content, and social and cultural values; (6) Methodology; (7) Teacher's book; and (8) Practical concern. The results of the study show that the textbook fulfills all eight criteria. Based on the analysis, the textbook was classified as being of satisfactory quality and suitable for use in 7th grade junior high school.


The glyoxalase system is a ubiquitously expressed enzyme system with narrow substrate specificity and is responsible for the detoxification of harmful methylglyoxal (MG), a spontaneous by-product of energy metabolism. Glyoxalase 1 (Glo1) is the first and therefore rate limiting enzyme of this protective system. In this study we were able to show that a phosphorylation of threonine-107 in the Glo1 protein, mediated by Ca2+/Calmodulin-dependent Kinase II delta (CamKIIδ), is associated with elevated catalytic efficiency of Glo1. In fact, Michaelis-Menten kinetics of Glo1 mutants revealed that a permanent phosphorylation of Glo1 was associated with increased Vmax (1.23 µmol/min/mg) and decreased Km (0.19 mM HTA), whereas the non-phosphorylatable Glo1 showed significantly lower Vmax (0.66 µmol/min/mg) and increased Km (0.31 mM HTA). This was also confirmed with human recombinant Glo1 (Vmax (Glo1phos) = 999 µmol/min/mg; Km (Glo1phos) = 0.09 mM HTA vs. Vmax (Glo1red) = 497 µmol/min/mg; Km (Glo1red) = 0.12 mM HTA). Additionally, proteasomal degradation of non-phosphorylated Glo1 via ubiquitination occurred more rapidly as compared to native Glo1. The absence of the responsible kinase CamKIIδ was associated with poor MG detoxification capacity and decreased protein content of Glo1 in a murine CamKIIδ knock-out model. Furthermore, this regulatory mechanism is also related to an altered Glo1 status in cancer, diabetes and during aging. In summary, phosphorylation of threonine-107 in the Glo1 protein by CamKIIδ is a quick and precise mechanism regulating Glo1 activity.


This paper presents an approach for transforming UML class diagrams and extended sequence diagrams into Colored Petri Nets. In the field of software model, UML has become a widely used software modeling language. However, as a semi-formal language, UML lacks a precise formal semantic base for its notation. In this paper, Colored Petri Nets are taken as the formal language for UML models' analysis. Intermediate graphs generate UML extended class diagrams and extended sequence diagrams. Edged Graph Grammar is introduced to describe the transformation rules. In order to show the approach's process, an case study is shown.


The paper addresses the role of creativity and imagination in research. It challenges the dichotomized view of research, working with oppositional options: qualitative X quantitative or academic X applied, offering a more pragmatic and context-oriented approach. This view is grounded in an epistemology that embraces research as a social practice. The paper presents a research project where methods from the arts are applied as a way to embrace creativity and imagination in research. It concludes that this approach shift research from discovery to generativity. It also moves research away from just hypothesis testing to a focus on local knowledge. Finally, the role of the researcher also shifts from the "power over" to a position of "power with" by virtue of an openness to consideration of whose voices are heard, included, excluded, and so forth.


Sm: The editorials on the war in the former Yugoslavia by Deahl et al (BJP, April 1994, 164, 441-442) and O'Brien (BJP, April 1994,164,443447) provide timely reminders of the extent of suffering and the long-term psychologicaleffectsof war, torture and other forms of state-organised violence. The majority of war casualtiesare now civilian. Increasingly, psychiatrists in the UK are being asked to assessand treat refugees, be they political or medical, with traumatic stress reactions or other psychological difficulties. The assessmentof such patients is made more complicated in the bi-cultural setting, and, as Deahi et a! point out, difficulties in communication between interpreter, client and therapist can give rise to inaccuracies in assessment and effective treatment. Vasquez& Javier (1991) point out five common errors in communication made by the untrained interpreter: omission, addition, condensation, substitution, and role exchange. Such errors are compounded when the survivor seeks refuge in a foreign country, often without family and friends, where problems such as social and cultural isolation, financial and housing worries and con cern over immigration status add to distress and vulnerability. Rather than being a hindrance, in our experience the use of properly trained interpreters or bi cultural workers are key components in effective assessment and therapy. Although helpful, it is not essential that they have knowledge of mental health issues, but it is essential that they have a particular knowledge of the political and cultural background from which the survivor comes. It is often ignored that the interpreter should be socially, ethnically and politically acceptable to the survivor. The interpreter should not merely act as translator, but as a cultural bridge between therapist and client (Turner, 1992).They can provide insight into the cultural significanceof what is being said and into the way in which emotions are expressed,both verbally and non-verbally. Local belief systemscan be explored, and knowledgeof the prevailing politi cal and economicenvironment cancontribute to the overall assessment. In our clinic, we encouragethe interpreter to explore developing themes during the session and not to rely exclusively on the therapist to supply questions. With careful super vision and training, the interpreter becomesmore skilful at probing for relevant information. We would encouragethe use of trained interpreters as links between two different worlds, not merely as translators. In this way, patients' needs will be met more effectively.


In this final of three related articles about smart card technology, the authors discuss the JavaCard, a much-hyped technology that is finally taking off as a multiapplication smart card. The main reason for the hype is JavaCard's potential. Not only would it let all Java programmers develop smart card code, but such code could be downloaded to cards that have already been issued to customers.


Commercial cementitious material, hydrated cement pastes of type CEM I and CEM III, and a synthetic cementitious phase CSH (calcium-silicate-hydrates) with a Ca/Si ratio equal to 1.0, 1.2, and 1.4 were used in the study of lead sorption. Kinetic and equilibrium experiments were performed under different conditions, namely liquid to solid phase ratio and the presence of organic compounds (EDTA, phthalate). The duration of equilibrium experiments was determined based on kinetic experiments, 1 week for calcium-silicate-hydrates and 3 weeks for hydrated cement paste. Equilibrium experiments were evaluated using the distribution ratio R d and sorption isotherms. For both hydrated cement pastes, R d's in the range 102–103 L kg−1 were found while for calcium-silicate-hydrates the distribution ratio values were an order of magnitude higher under comparable conditions. The difference in the studied cementitious materials was also manifested in the shape of the sorption isotherm, while the behavior of calcium-silicate-hydrates can be fitted linearly and therefore by the K d-model, for hydrated cement paste as more complex cement material it is necessary to use a non-linear isotherm description. The effect of organic matter, represented here by EDTA and phthalate, described by the sorption reduction factor SRF was more apparent for calcium-silicate-hydrates, where its value was always higher than one and reached up to 500. On the contrary, for hydrated cement paste CEM I and CEM III, all determined SRFs were less than 1.


The all-round pre-warning and pre-controlling mechanism for coke quality was established by optimizing quality evaluation for the ore occurrences of coal rank and the coal-coke process and the experiments of improving and optimizing blending plan. It ensured the coke quality stable relatively and met the requests of iron-making production. At the same time, it carried out the blending plan for reducing cost. The economic benefits reached 36 million Yuan for a year.


Stimulus situation has been mapped to multi-level concept space on the basis of cognitive evaluation theory.With HowNet and synonyms dictionary,the method of hyponymy acquisition based on patterns to construct four kinds of affective schemata has been used.Combined with the cognitive context and pragmatic inference,these affective schemata have been used in sentence level text affective computing.The experiments show that schema can effectively assist the recognition of text affection and improved its precision.


Marketing activities for educational institutions has become a relevant attribute. Consumer-oriented, its expectations and requests determined directions of any structures, including those that produce educational services.


The material dependence of NBTI in SiON p-MOSFETs is studied using the UF-OTF IDLIN method. It is shown that the N density at the Si/SiON interface plays a very crucial role in determining the magnitude as well as the time, temperature and field dependence of NBTI. The relative contribution of interface trap generation and hole trapping to overall degradation is qualitatively discussed.


We will define a bivariate logarithmic potential for balanced Borel finite signed
measures on C and then we use it to characterize the regions of convergence of a
rational function series in terms of certain limiting behaviors of the poles and zeros
of its terms.


Ray propagation in stratified semi-infinite percolation lattices consisting of a succession of different uniform density layers is considered. Assuming that rays undergo specular reflections on the occupied sites, the propagation depth inside the medium is analytically estimated in terms of the probability that a ray reaches a prescribed level before being reflected back in the above empty half-plane. Numerical Monte-Carlo-like experiments validate the proposed solution


The recent decision of the US Supreme Court in MGM Studios Inc v. Grokster Limited (US Supreme Court, 27 June 2005, CRI 2005, 109-115 with remarks by Wittow) has drawn a curtain on the long-running litigation between music studios and distributors of file-sharing software. The decision has been well received by most concerned parties, as it seems to strike a reasonable balance between the interests of bona fide software innovators and music copyright owners. In essence, the Supreme Court has affirmed with qualification its earlier ruling in the Betamax case (Sony Corporation of America v. Universal City Studios Inc 464 US 417 - a case concerning the liability of VCR manufacturers for the infringing activities of home-users), where it held that makers of devices that are "capable of commercially significant non-infringing uses" are not liable for the infringing acts of third parties who use those devices. Under the Grokster ruling this exemption from liability is lifted where it can be shown that a person distributed devices (including software) with the object of promoting their use to infringe copyright, as evidenced through clear expression or other positive acts. In such circumstances the promoter of the device will be liable for the resulting infringing acts of third parties. The Grokster ruling has introduced what has been termed a new "inducement" theory of contributory copyright infringement: distributors of devices, which have a non-infringing use, will be liable for copyright infringement if they positively promote the device on the basis of its infringing uses. While this decision provides a welcome clarification of the position under US law with respect to the liability of file-sharing software companies, the position in Europe remains uncertain. From an industry perspective, the main difficulty in assessing the liability of individual file-sharers and file-sharing companies is the fact that at present there is not a fully harmonised and unified copyright law in Europe. The entitlements of copyright owners remain creatures of national law and accordingly must be individually enforced in each of the 25 Member States of the European Union. Over the past 15 years some degree of harmonisation of Member State copyright law has been achieved, however, significant aspects of copyright law, including the concept of infringement, remain unharmonised. This article aims to summarise and explain the liability of file-sharers under European law (to the extent that such law is harmonised) and will focus in particular on the potential liability of file-sharing companies under the EU's two common law jurisdictions - Ireland and the UK.


The New History in an Old Museum: Creating the Past at Colonial Williamsburg. RICHARD HANDLER and ERIC GABLE. Durham NC: Duke University Press, 1997; 260 pp. Cultural anthropology's recent increased fascination with the reflexive ethnographic experience and concern with the material world as a locus of meaning are coupled in this meticulous and well written study of Colonial Williamsburg, a museum complex based on the reconstruction of the late eighteenth-century capital of Virginia. Inspired by the 1920s vision of a local Episcopal minister and funded by John D. Rockefeller Jr., this "living museum" rapidly grew into a major tourist attraction and also became a model for the construction of other historical museums. The ethnographic task facing Handler and Gable was made difficult, first, because of the overall size and complexity of the site as a total institution and, second, because of the fact that each day as fieldworkers they encountered different tourists experiencing varying interpretive messages. Handler and Gable's ethnographic exposition favors the particular over the systematic (or the "microsociological" level of interaction over the "total social fact"). Rather than provide an account of Colonial Williamsburg as a whole, they focus on several vignettes from sites within the central "historic area." The reader is informed, for example, that the reconstructed area includes Carter's Grove Plantation (with slave quarters) and Wolstenholm Town (both about eight miles from the city itself), a large museum of decorative arts and a new archaeology museum, as well as Bassett Hall, the residence of John D. Rockefeller, Jr., but little information is provided about these vital parts of the Colonial Williamsburg experience. Many visitors begin their exploration at the visitor's center, where official publications and orientation films set the stage for the day's experiences; nothing is said of this part of the museum's message. Little is said about several of the more commercial operations, including the various inns, restaurants, golf facilities, and shops (offering furniture and objects reproduced from colonial "originals"). In place of a comprehensive view, Handler and Gable present detailed accounts in two chapters of the interpretive messages, dramatic performances, and visitors' reactions at George Wythe House. A third member of the research team, Anna Lawson, then a graduate student at the University of Virginia, made a special study of the AfricanAmerican experience at Colonial Williamsburg; the results of her dissertation research would have made an appropriate and complementary addition to this ethnographic record. The fieldwork period (1990-1991) happily coincided with the material and interpretive realization of a new thrust in the museum's representational ideology. The previous decades' concern had been with accurate architectural reconstruction and with uncritical patriotism. Now, a new breed of social historians on staff has started to refocus attention on the experience of social inequality for excluded social groups (principally, slaves and women) and to attempt to place the artifactual record more carefully in the context of the period's consumption patterns. …


Do students enjoy the activities that are carried out by their teachers in Literature in ESL (LIT in ESL) classes? There is a lot of focus from the teacher's point of view, but the same cannot be said for the students. This
purpose of this study is to investigate the Teachers' and Students'Perceptions of Literature in ESL Learning Activities. The participants of this survey were 525 Form Four ESL students and 26 ESL teachers from four
different schools in the state of Kelantan. The instruments used were questionnaires developed for teachers and students to gauge their preferences in teaching and learning related to Lit in ESL activities. The data
was analysed using descriptive statistics of frequency and percentage. The findings of this study indicate that the choice of activities identified by students did not match their teachers' choices. Students found the activities carried out as uninteresting and repetitive. The students prefer activities like drama,watching a movie and predicting a new ending to the text, while teachers,
gave more reading comprehension, in class discussion and inferring. Most teachers were unaware of these students' preference of the activities they wanted. Thus, by the matching of activities, the students would be able to not
only like Literature in English, but also be more participative in class due to their interest. The disparity of preference is further discussed in terms of its
pedagogical implications.


The study is destined to improve the competitiveness of industrial sectors, taking into account the measures provided in the EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation – Horizon 2020, by contributing to the transition from the competitiveness based on cost to the competitiveness based on innovation, improving the communication between consumers, producers (especially SMEs), universities, research centres and public authorities, supporting the developing innovative SMEs through specific consulting services, as a single and coherent "voice" influencing policy for Romania, as a better place for innovative SMEs and improving the capacity of transferring into real economy the research and innovation results. As a result of the study, it will be established a number of Territorial Innovation Alliances, determining the training needs of innovative SMEs in technological transfer with HEIs, the courses to be developed being made freely available across multiple platforms and languages to SMEs and HEIs in the EU.


We have extended the application of quantum-based electrical standards from single frequency calibrations to multi-tone tests that can be used to characterize the nonlinear behavior of electronic components and circuits. Specifically, we have used a Josephson arbitrary waveform synthesizer to generate highly accurate, two-tone waveforms having center frequencies ranging from 10 kHz to 1 MHz. These waveforms have unprecedented spectral purity because they are constructed from perfectly quantized voltage pulses. Using this measurement system, we have characterized the intermodulation distortion properties of a highly linear amplifier used in metrological applications. Additionally, we have shown that these test signals can be upconverted to microwave frequencies, so that they may be used to characterize the nonlinearities of RF and microwave components.


Objective:To explore the application of double tourniquet ligation and single tourniquet ligation in superficial vein puncture.Methods:112 patients from January-December 2008,were enrolled in this study.They were randomly divided into two groups according to numerical table.The control group received single tourniquet ligation,while the experimental group was treated with double tourniquet ligation.The once successful rate of vein transfusion,the satisfaction rate and adverse effect were compared between the two groups.Results:The once successful rate of vein transfusion and the satisfaction rate of patients in observed group were better than that of patients in control group,while adverse effect was contrary.There were significant differences between them.Conclusion: The clinical results of double tourniquet ligation clearly are better than the pressing method of single tourniquet ligation.Therefore,it is highly recommended and popularized.


Abstract : The development, construction, and testing of a laser head in which the source of pump radiation is the dense hot plasma produced by electrically exploded wires is described. A capacitor bank energy storage system was constructed which has a maximum capability of 150,000 Joules at 20 KV. It consists of nine independent sections which can be operated in any parallel combination. The capacitor sections are switched with ignitrons, the measured ringing frequency being 50 KC/sec with a rise time of 5 x 10 to the -6th sec. Utilizing one section of the energy storage system, the radiation characteristics of electrically exploded tungsten wires were evaluated over the wavelength range 2500 - 8500 Angstroms using a plane grating spectrograph. The peak spectral radiance of exploding tungsten wires was measured at 5460 Angstroms using an absolutely calibrated photomultiplier detector and narrow band filter combination. The problem of efficiently transferring the radiation from an exploding light source into a laser rod was considered. Some conclusions were drawn with regard to the optical aspects of this problem sufficient to allow the design and construction of a multiple exploding wire laser head. The multiple exploding wire laser head, the energy storage system, and the control system have satisfactorily undergone electrical tests. (Author)


Objective To evaluate the changes of plasma levels of D-dimer in delivery and the mode of delivery in pregnant women.Methods 184 pregnant women and 40 healthy non-pregnant women were enrolled.According to mode of delivery,pregnant women were divided into vaginal delivery group(n=83) and cesarean section group(n=101).Plasma levels of D-dimer and fibrinogen were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and Claus method.Correlation between D-dimer and fibrinogen was evaluated and the outcomes were followed up.Results There were differences in maternal age,gestational age,hospital stay in vaginal delivery and cesarean section.Compared with the healthy women,D-dimer and fibrinogen levels between pregnant women and healthy non-pregnant women were significantly different(P0.01).D-dimer levels in postpartum were higher than them in delivery,especially in cesarean section(P0.01).Among these patients,5 of them were diagnosed with DIC,there was no correlation between the D-dimer and fibrinogen concentrations in pregnancy(P0.05).Conclusion Pregnant women were in hypercoagulable state,plasma D-dimer and fibrinogen levels are significantly higher than healthy non-pregnant women,but D-dimer testing will be important for reducing the incidence of thromboembolic events in the high-risk population.


Traffic management schemes usually involve prohibition of through traffic on certain roads. Although this is mostly obeyed, infringement often occurs especially if this results in large savings in time and there is little risk of being caught. Owing to undermanning, the Stockholm Police has little time for surveillance, and for this reason physical barriers are being introduced. The first type is a gate similar to that used at railway crossings. This is actuated by induction set up in a loop installed in the carriageway. The loop can only be actuated by a bus which has a large iron mass situated at a low level, or by a vehicle of similar construction. The gate closes when the bus has passed a detector. The second type of barrier is installed where through traffic is only likely to use prohibited roads during rush hours. This barrier is time controlled and closes the local road between 0700 and 0900 hours on weekdays. The barrier is accompanied by a reversible road sign which is actuated at the same time as the barrier; as warning lights similar to railway crossing lights come on prior to closure of the barrier, this sign is not strictly necessary. /TRRL/


Business processes are experiencing increasingly complex developments; therefore, an extensive business process must cover all existing process flows. Applied business process collaboration between organizations can complete a complex business process. The additional information which shows the collaboration of activities is called messages. Process discovery is currently focused on a series of activities in a single process model, so the process discovery cannot depict the messages in the business process collaboration. In addition, there are several problems in describing the condition of activities, e.g., an Invisible Task. The Invisible Task is a condition of additional tasks that appear not in the event logs but in the process models. The Invisible Task must be described in the process model; therefore, it can be analyzed further. Several conditions which need the Invisible Task are redo, switch, and skip conditions. In this research, the proposed method is to obtain information about the event log of all activities of the business process collaboration and discover any Invisible Task to describe in the process model. The proposed method, named the Modified Alpha algorithm, builds several rules for adding messages and the Invisible Task in the event log before executing the Alpha algorithm. The results of this study indicate that the Modified Alpha algorithm can describe the collaboration process model. Based on the comparison results, the Modified Alpha algorithm gets the best results than other algorithms, namely Alpha# and Inductive Miner. Modified Alpha received 1.00, 1.00, 1.00, 0.82 for the fitness, precision, simplicity, and generalization. Alpha# Miner earned 0.74 and 0.70 for the simplicity and generalization, and Inductive Miner gained 0.55 simplicity value and 0.72 generalization value. Alpha# Miner and Inductive Miner got 0.00 for the fitness and the precision.


The copolymerization of epoxides and cyclic thioanhydrides provides a promising method to produce polythioesters and represents an alternative route to the step-growth condensation of dithiols and ...


In recent years,health issues are becoming increasingly important in modern life with economic development,in which drug safety is a top priority and concerns people's livelihood.Pharmaceutical reverse logistics is a very good solution,but now the reverse logistics of Chinese medicine are still a very serious problem in this paper,through the analysis of the practical problems we propose a practical model of reverse logistics optimization model for medical drugs in order to solve the bad medical reverse logistics.


In recent years, ideological change becomes a very important aspect of national historic vicissitudes. The education which about party memberspolitical ideology has drew more and more attention, and it plays a very important role in ideological change of the party members. Their ideological change directly relates to the advancement or some other aspects of party members, so it is necessary to research on this field. The fuzzy analytic hierarchy process is adapted to research on political ideology education of the Party members in this paper, and it uses the infrequent modeling method to do a research into this field. It bases on the model and data to do an ideological change research on political ideology education of the Party members thoroughly, the study of this aspect has an important significance for the ideological change.


Primary cardiac neoplasms are rare, cardiac hemangiomas are even rarer, and a mixed thrombus followed by a primary cardiac hemangioma is exceptionally rare epidemiology. Here, we report the case of a man with a right atrium mixed‐thrombus surgical history who went on to develop a cardiac hemangioma.


In order to evaluate the risk of coal mine water inrush of the collapse column,taking Fangezhuang coal mine for example,on the basis of depth analysis of Fangezhuang coal mine water inrush factors,the K-Means algorithm was used to identify and discrete the data of water inrush factors.The combination of ARCGIS and BN was used to establish water inrush risk assessment model of 12 coal floor.By learning of the parameters and reasoning of water inrush in BN,hazardous areas of water inrush was conducted division,and the effects of the model was analyzed.As it turned out,hazardous areas of water inrush are located in the southeast and northwest.The northwest part belongs to typical water inrush areas of collapse column,and the highest risk areas are basically consistent with abnormal development zone of collapse column in the northwest;to a certain extent,widely distributed collapse pits in the northwest increase potential possibility of water inrush.The southeast dangerous area,typical water inrush area of fault,concentrated in surrounding areas of two major fault lines between F5-F8 and F4-F10-F11-F12.With large possibility of water inrush above areas,it should take some appropriate measures to prevent water inrush.The fitting efficiency of evaluation can reach 80%.So using the method of GIS-BN is feasible and accurate to evaluate water inrush risk in coal mine.


1984. Spawning of the tidewater silverside. Menidia pt'llinI'ula. (Goode and Bean), in response to tidal and lighting schedules in the laboratory. Estuaries 7:139-148. MIDDAUGH, D. Po, AND T. TAliITA. 1983. Tidal and diurnal ~pawning cues in the Atlantic silverside. Menid.ia menulia. Environ. BioI. Fishes 8:97-104. MILLER, C. A .. J. M. WILSON. AND A. H. MEIER. 1981. Induetion of semilunar rhythms of reproductive indices in Fuwillllt8 Ura/ldU!. IAbstr·l Am. Zoo!. 21:995. NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION. 1981. Tide tables 1982. high and low waler predictions, East Coast of North and South America including Greenland. U.S. Dep. Commer., 235 p. NEWMANN. D. 1978. Entrainment of a semilunar rhythm by simulated tidal cycles of mechanical disturbance. J. Exp. Mar. Bioi. Ecol. 35:173-185. Ross. R. M. 1983. Annual. semilunar. and diel reproductive rhythms in the Hawaiian labrid Tlw.lla$so/lw. dll;~""ey. Mar. BioI. (Berl.) 72:311-318. SAIGUSA, M. 1980. Entrainment of a semilunar rhythm by a simulated moonlight cycle in the terrestial crab, Sesarmo hanna/oehei... Ot'Cologia (Berll 46:38-44. TAYLOR. M. H.• AND L. DIMICHELE. 1980. Ovarian changes during the lunar spawning cycle of Fundulus hel,'melilus. Copeia 1980:118-125. 1\183. Spawning site utilization in a Delaware population of Fundulus hetl'roclitus (Pisces: Cyprinodontidae.l. Copeia 1983:719-725. TAYLOR, M. H., D. DIMICHELE. AND G. J. LEACH. H177. Egg stranding in the life cycle of the mummichog. FU./ldllius helelllCl·itus. Copeia 1977:397-399. TAYLOR, M. H.• L. DIMICHELE, M. M. LEVITAN. AND W. F. JACOB. 1979. Lunar spawning cycle in the mummichog. FU1/dult/8 heleml'l-illtS (Pisces: Cyprinodontidae). Copeia 1979:291297. THRALL, T .• AND L. ENGELMAN. 1981. Univariate and bivariate spectral analysis. In W. J. Dixon (editor), BMDP statistical software. p. 604-638. Univ. Calif. Press, Los Ang. W MS, B. P.• AND K. STRAWN. 1983. Seasonal and lunar cycles in gonadosomatic indices and spawning readiness of Fundulus grandis. Contrib. Mar. Sci., Texas A&M Univ. 26:127-141. WEISBERG, S. B. . 1981. Food availability and utilization by the mummichog, Fundulus heteroc/.ilus (L.). Ph.D. Thesis. Univ. Delaware, Newark. 104 p. WELD, M. M.. AND A. H. MEIER. 1982. Circadian gonadal responses to daily disturbances in gulf killifish. IAbstr.) Am. Zool. 22:866.


This first book-length feminist study of Donne argues that his sacred subject-position is ambivalently and illustratively invested in cultural archetypes of mothers, daughters, and brides. The chapters focus on baptism, marriage, and death as key moments in Donne's and his culture's construction of the gendered soul.


Through collecting,isolating and cultivating the pine phyllosphere microbes,several isolates were selected to test their antagonistic effect to Sphaeropsis sapinea and Pestalotiopsis sp.By the method of dual culture,the result showed that the isolates with obviously antagonistic ability to Sphaeropsis sapinea and Pestalotiopsis sp.contained six kinds of bacteria,three kinds of yeast and three kinds of Trichodermas sp.,which perhaps could be used for biological control.The antagonistic effect of bacteria is the highest,secondly Trichoderma sp.and yeast lastly.The standard for screening antagonistic fungus is relatively restraining the effect of a fungus.At the same time the restrained proportion and the characteristics leading to disease for the fungus should be considered.


When many vessels are encountered at sea, it is very useful that the information on these vessels, for example course, speed, size of vessel, destination and intention of manoeuvring can be obtained instantly. Some of this information is provided by navigational aids such as automatic radar plotting. It takes at least half a minute to observe the vessel and to calculate the vessel's course and speed, so the value is at least half a minute old. The authors made an attempt to estimate gross tonnage, shape and aspect angle of the vessel by simple image processing of radar echoes. Ultra high speed analogue to digital converted echo images of radar gives special information in a new form. The experiments were carried out using the X-band radar with a narrow beam width antenna. The aspect angles of the vessel could be estimated with relative certainty.


Article attempts to analyze service quality in higher education institutions of Malaysia. Study used Gap Model presented by Parasuraman et al. (1985, 1988) to identify difference between expected quality and perceived quality in higher education institutions of Malaysia. Study focused to identify gaps of Turkish students in Malaysian universities Five basic dimensions of service quality measured through SERVQUAL (Instrument for service quality measurement), these dimensions are tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. A stratified sample of 41 Turkish students has been selected from top five public universities in Malaysia. Results showed negative service quality gap in higher education institutions of Malaysia from Turkish students perceptive which indicated perceived service quality is below than expectations of Turkish students in Malaysian universities.


The utility model relates to the field of sports tools, in particular to a basketball confrontation training mould. The mould comprises a mould body with a base, and the mould body is connected with the base through a plurality of springs. The basketball confrontation training mould is characterized in that side arms are arranged on two sides of the mould body, the tail end of each side arm is connected with a small arm mould and a hand mould, a cavity is arranged in each small arm mound and each hand mould, and a buffering layer is arranged outside each side arm. The basketball confrontation training mould has the advantages of being simple in structure and reasonable in design; the side arms are arranged on two sides of the mould body, the tail end of each side arm is connected with the small arm mould and the hand mould, the side arms, the small arm moulds and the hand moulds are all in different structures, the strength of the side arms is large, the strengths of the small arm moulds and the hand moulds are small, the design accords with the somatology, athletes can be trained like in real confrontation, and training efficiency is improved.


James Baldwin's short story "Sonny's Blues," first published in 1957, has been anthologized several times since its inclusion in Baldwin's Going to Meet the Man (1965). It is a fine and immediately appealing story, but it has never received critical treatment adequate to its complexity. The best analysis—an essay by John M. Reilly—rightly asserts the centrality of the blues in the story as a means of personal and social communication. In the last scene, Reilly sees the reconciliation of the narrator and his brother (which certainly does occur) and an affirmation of the blues as "a metaphor of Black community." But the meaning of the "blues is, as I hope to show, rather wider than Reilly seems to think, and is part of a larger theme which is conveyed almost wholly through the story's images. "Sonny's Blues" is Baldwin's most concise and suggestive statement about the nature and function of art, and is doubly artful in making that statement through life situations.


Aim:  Feeling distressed is often a normal reaction to the diagnosis of cancer and cancer treatment. However, if excessive, distress may lead to more disabling conditions such as depression and anxiety. The aims of the study were to determine the prevalence and level of distress in patients with cancer who were undergoing chemotherapy and to examine the associated factors related to psychological distress in these patients.


The key factors of narrow-band RF power amplifier design are presented. The design procedure is demonstrated on a new 1 1W-2.4GHz PA in Silicon technology and new supporting software tools.


There is growing interest in perfectionism among children and adolescents as well as growing interest in the measures designed to assess perfectionism in young people. The current article describes the development and psychometric characteristics of the Child–Adolescent Perfectionism Scale (CAPS), a measure that assesses self-oriented perfectionism and socially prescribed perfectionism. The results of three studies involving multiple samples are reported. The psychometric features of this measure are summarized, including extensive data that attest to the reliability and validity of the CAPS subscales. Normative data are also provided in Study 1. The results of Study 2 suggest that the academic behavior of perfectionistic students is motivated by a complex blend of factors that include a strong emphasis on introjected regulation in both self-oriented and socially prescribed perfectionism; however, there are key motivational differences between these perfectionism dimensions. Finally, Study 3 confirmed that self-oriented and socially prescribed perfectionism are associated with various indices of stress, distress, and maladjustment. Collectively, our results support the use of the CAPS and the notion that vulnerable children and adolescents who are perfectionistic are under substantial pressure to meet expectations. The assessment and theoretical implications of these results are discussed.


The triplet model of electron spin polarization in fluid media is evaluated. The model consists of an initial singlet molecule rotating in a static, externally applied magnetic field. Intersystem crossing into different zero-field states is represented by a rate matrix diagonal in the molecular frame, and this matrix is expressed as an effective spin operator. The triplet rotates, and the motion affects the polarization in the laboratory frame, and also causes spin relaxation in the triplet manifold. The triplet is chemically quenched, and the polarization appears in the doublet fragments. The model is treated in a density matrix formalism and on the basis of anisotropic rotational diffusion of the triplet molecule. Explicit expressions are obtained in terms of the molecular parameters, the various rate constants, and the rotational correlation time.


Intramural training base is one of the most important guarantees for higher vocational school's cultivation of high level exhibition management stuff.Taking Guilin Institute of Tourism as an example,the paper discussed the goal,reflection,exploration,project function,and the improvement of teaching methods,etc.


The utility model relates to a dough kneading hook structure and a dough kneading machine with the dough kneading hook structure. The dough kneading hook structure comprises an installation frame, a first dough kneading hook body, a second dough kneading hook body and fool-proof structures. Two installation rods are arranged on the installation frame. The first dough kneading hook body and the second dough kneading hook body are installed on the two installation rods respectively. The number of the fool-proof structures is two. The two fool-proof structures are arranged between the first dough kneading hook body and the installation rod matched with the first dough kneading hook body and between the second dough kneading hook body and the installation rod matched with the second dough kneading hook body respectively. According to the dough kneading hook structure and the dough kneading machine, the double-blade mode is adopted, the effect is better than single-blade effect, and compared with the single-blade mode, the double-blade mode has the advantages that dough kneading quality, dough kneading efficiency and energy utilization ratio are higher and more comprehensive functions are achieved. In addition, due to the additional arrangement of the second dough kneading hook body, vibration generated when the first dough kneading hook body rotates can be balanced, so that the machine is more stable in the work process, noise caused by vibration can be lowered, and the work stability of a product can be improved.


Introduction: LADA is known for a slow progression of autoimmune destruction of beta-cells with cases that span a spectrum between classic T1D and T2D phenotypes. To date, lacking a good understanding of LADA has prohibited the release of specific clinical practice guidelines and subsequently an optimal management.
 Methodology: Cross-sectional analysis of online clinical questionnaires in the Canadian BETTER registry; participants can specify having received a diagnosis of LADA or T1D. Data was analyzed for the first 1464 participants; 131 (9%) reported LADA and 1333 (91%) T1D.
 Results: At registration; LADA vs T1D were 49 ± 13 y.o. vs 42 ± 15 y.o; 61% vs. 62% females; diabetes duration 10 ± 9 vs. 24 ± 15 years. LADA vs. T1D were older at diagnosis (39 ± 12 vs. 18 ± 12 years old; p<0.001), only half started insulin in first year of diagnosis (52 vs. 97%; p<0.001), more often reported a family history of T1D (46 vs. 32%; p=0.001). For comparable glycemic control (HbA1c < 8.6 mmol/l, <7%, 38 vs. 32%), fewer cases with LADA reported at least an episode in last month of level II hypoglycemia <54 mg/dL (3.0mmol/L) 63% vs. 77%; p= 0.004, severe hypoglycemia rates were 8% vs. 12%, p=0.15. Diabetes related hospitalizations were 10% in LADA vs. 6%, p=0.11, insulin pumps and glucagon were less used in LADA. In a matched analysis for diabetes duration and gender (1:1), glycemic control was still statistically comparable in LADA vs. T1D (HbA1c <7%: 38 vs 35%, p=0.12) as well as rates of nephropathy (6% vs. 11%, p=0.22), neuropathy (12% vs. 7%, p=0.23) and retinopathy (6% vs. 9%, p=0.07) yet with more cardiovascular disease (5% vs. 2%; p=0.02) and less coeliac disease (3 vs. 5%; p=0.001). Data analysis of 3000 participants is ongoing in early 2023.
 Conclusion: Reported differences may impact LADA management. This study sets the stage for building a prospective Canadian cohort of LADA to undergo deep phenotyping, genotyping and interventional trials.

 M.Issa: None. A.Brazeau: Other Relationship; Dexcom, Inc., Diabète québec, Ordre des diététistes nutritionnistes du Québec, Research Support; Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Fonds de recherche du Québec en Santé. S.Haag: Other Relationship; Omnipod. A.Roy-fleming: None. V.Messier: None. N.Taleb: Consultant; Viatris Inc.


the Chinese character is an ideographical writing system,to express the meaning through ideography has its reasons,and there are morphological connections between characters.The analysis of the strokes,components and combinations of the characters,summing up the systematic features and arrangement,and to illustrate at the proper teaching stage would be helpful to accomplish the teaching task.


Reservoir Computing is an attractive paradigm of recurrent neural network architecture, due to the ease of training and existing neuromorphic implementations. Successively applied on speech recognition and time series forecasting, few works have so far studied the behavior of such networks on computer vision tasks. Therefore we decided to investigate the ability of Echo State Networks to classify the digits of the MNIST database. We show that even if ESNs are not able to outperform state-of-the-art convolutional networks, they allow low error thanks to a suitable preprocessing of images. The best performance is obtained with a large reservoir of 4,000~neurons, but committees of smaller reservoirs are also appealing and might be further investigated.


Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of 1% clindamycin hydrochloride gel in the treatment of acne vulgaris. Methods:The effects of 1% clindamycin hydrochloride gel on acne vulgaris were observed in comparison with 1% clindamycing phosphate gel in a multicentre, double blind, randomized, and parallel controlled trial. Results:The effective rate in experiment group was 84.0% and the effective rate in control group was 78.0%. No significant difference was found in efficacy between the two groups using ridit test. The side effects of both medicine were mild. Conclusion:1% clindamycin hydrochloride gel is safe and effective in the treatmeat of acne vulgaris.


: The success of every business is dependent on both effective management and good leadership. Managers cannot accomplish organizational or managerial performance unless they possess leadership skills. Employee motivation is inextricably linked to a manager's leadership skills. Public libraries, being service-oriented organizations, require both leaders and excellent managers to fulfill their organizational vision and mission. Librarians are the most significant leaders or managers in the public library sector from a managerial perspective. Librarians' primary tasks include motivating public library staff to achieve organizational goals as well as personnel achievements. In this context, the objective of this study is to examine how leadership traits of public librarians influence staff motivation and how they affect public library workers' work performance. This research was carried out after taught of a leadership course for postgraduate students at a higher education institution. The population of this research was made up of students who worked in public libraries. A total of 100 students (n) were included in the sample, all of whom had studied leadership principles as part of their coursework. The study's sample size was determined using the snowball sampling approach. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were verified prior to statistical analysis, and the cronbach alpha value for the items evaluating the impact of librarian's' leadership traits on employee motivation and work performance was discovered as 0.73. Research found that, Employee motivation and achievement are impossible if public librarians do not share their attentiveness and skills with them. The employee suffers when commands, communications, and behaviors are created only on terror, and managements are based on pressure. The research found that there is no numerical relationship Gender, age, and educational credentials are examples of socio-demographic variables. Professions, years spent working in a public library, and the type of leadership they believe motivates them. Further study found that, there is no correlation between public librarians' socio demographic factors and leadership trails. Public Librarians' views and actions regarding motivation are mirrored in their motivating behaviors toward workers. The extent to which public library personnel exercise their authority has an impact on their perception of power as a motivator in leadership. The variables that will improve the motivation of public library personnel at work do not differ based on their socio demographic features. Employee success and motivation are not desirable outcomes, and evaluation is not a suggested alternative in this respect. Library staff will be more motivated and their job performance more proliferation if the public librarian is democratic rather than authoritarian, has a specialty in the topic, and has charismatic and interactionist leadership qualities in their actions, words, and interactions.


Many measures of healthcare delivery or quality are not publicly available at the individual patient or hospital level largely due to privacy restrictions, legal issues or reporting norms. Instead, such measures are provided at a higher or more aggregated level, such as state-level, county-level summaries or averages over health zones (HRR1s and HSA2s). Such levels constitute partitionings of the underlying individual level data into segments that may not match the data clusters that would have been obtained if one analyzed individual-level data. Moreover, different data sources may use different underlying partitions as the bases for their data summarization. How can one run data mining procedures such as clustering or regression on data where different variables are available at different levels of aggregation or granularity? We first examine this problem in a clustering setting given a mix of individual-level and (arbitrarily) aggregated level data. For this setting, we present an extension of the Latent Dirichlet Allocation model that can use such aggregated information. The model provides reasonable cluster centroids under certain conditions, and is extended to impute masked features at the individual-level. The imputed feature values are based on an underlying mixture distribution, and help to improve the performance in subsequent predictive modeling tasks. The model parameters are learned using an approximated Gibbs sampling method, which employs the Metropolis-Hastings algorithm efficiently. Experimental results using data from the Dartmouth Health Atlas, CDC, and the U.S. Census Bureau are provided to illustrate the generality and capabilities of the proposed framework.


To achieve a significant cost reduction for launch of payloads to space, it is essential that the launcher is reused to the largest possible extent, and that the maintenance and operations cost of this launcher are minimised. To achieve this, work is ongoing on metallic thermal protection systems (TPS) that hold the promise of much reduced maintenance cost compared to other types of TPS. Metals however have a lower temperature limit. To allow the use of metals at higher thermal loads, they can be cooled. A method of achieving this has been invented at TU Delft. The system consists of a metallic skin with at a short distance behind a porous layer saturated with water. The metallic skin radiates thermal energy to the porous layer where water is heated and then evaporated. The water ensures that the temperature of the porous layer remains relatively cool, while the evaporation uses a large amount of energy. The water vapour can be vented overboard, removing this energy from the system. This TPS can give an increase in allowable thermal load of 90% for a given temperature that allows use of a metallic TPS on locations where this was not possible without cooling. Tests were performed to check the basic operation of the system and the basic performance parameters were measured. The basic underlying physical phenomena were described and measured, computer models of varying levels of complexity were made and some initial designs of applications were made. A flight experiment was developed for an ESA mission which will fly in the near future.


A primary cause of soil erosion is the impact of rain. Therefore, understanding the altering rainfall characteristics and their effect on soil erosion is an issue of main concern. This is of utmost importance to contribute to developing suitable adaptation and mitigation strategies for soil and water resources conservation and crop management practices.


Palestine faces continuous struggles in maintaining the proper water supply in the water sector. Therefore, "Non-Revenue water" and supply demands are necessary to reduce the water losses and save the financial resources to strengthen the water sector. To do that we must develop the ideal water usage/loss prediction model to plan the future usage of water. This paper explores and develops AI models that could efficiently predict the water losses and water demands in Palestine, focusing mainly on Beitunia city. Different Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) with different learning approaches had been used in this paper. The historical and extracted data, representing water supply/consumption in Beitunia are used to propose a nonlinear model. The data is input into the models of ANN and helps predict the water losses/demand in Palestine, to provide a more accurate prediction model. Three models of ANNs were used; Multilayer Perceptron NNs (MLPNNs) MLPNNs-LM, Radial Basis Function NNs (RBFNNs, newrb), and Genetic Algorithms (GAs-MLPNNs). We also used the Autoregressive integrated moving averages (ARIMA) as a linear statistical model to predict water supply using collected data from Beitunia city. The result showed that ANNs models are more efficient than the ARIMA model for the prediction of water movement. Finally, The MLPNNs-LM model results exceeded the other ANNs models in comparison.


Background:Pediatric observation units provide an alternative to traditional hospitalization. The extent to which observation units could replace inpatient care for asthmatic children is unknown. Objective:To describe brief inpatient ("high-turnover," HTO) stays for US children hospitalized with a principal discharge diagnosis of asthma, to characterize cases that may be appropriate for observation. Design:We analyzed the 2006 Kids' Inpatient Database, a nationally representative sample of hospital discharges. HTO stays were defined as hospitalizations of 0 or 1 night in duration. We conducted descriptive statistics and case-mix adjusted, sample-weighted regression analysis of HTO stays, and associated hospital charges. Subjects:Discharges among children aged 2 to 20 years with a principal discharge diagnosis of asthma. Measures:HTO stays and total charges. Results:Overall, 34,592 (34%) pediatric asthma hospitalizations were HTO, accounting for 66,278 hospital days in 2006. HTO stays were associated with younger age, uncomplicated asthma, and private insurance. Freestanding children's hospitals had the highest proportion of HTO stays, 38% (95% CI: 34%–42%) compared with 32% (95% CI: 28%–36%) for children's units and 33% (95% CI: 31%–34%) for general hospitals. In multivariate regression analyses, charges were significantly higher across hospital types when HTO stays begin in the emergency department. Conclusions:The presence of a large number of HTO stays for children hospitalized for asthma suggests the need to explore opportunities to restructure care for this condition, perhaps through the development of physically or operationally distinct observation units.


We have previously shown that cycloheximide resistance can be induced in a strain of Candida maltosa by modifying ribosomes (M. Takagi, S. Kawai, Y. Takata, N. Tanaka, M. Sunairi, M. Miyazaki, and K. Yano, J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol. 31:267-275, 1985). The present paper describes the cloning of the gene involved in this resistance (designated RIM-C for ribosome modification by cycloheximide) by using a host-vector system of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.


One of the financial problems faced by a company that is the problem of corporate finance. One way to finance the funding requirements of an enterprise is derived from external funding sources from outside the company as loan capital. When companies use the loan capital, means that the company has done Leverage. More and more use of loan capital, the greater the risk of unpaid loans. Although the use of loan capital without risk to the company, but can increase the Return On Equity (ROE) and Earning Per Share (EPS). The purpose of scientific writing is to know the effect of Financial Leverage by Return On Equity (ROE) at PT. Unilever Indonesia, Tbk years 1998-2007, and to investigate the effect of Financial Leverage by Earning Per Share (EPS) at PT. Unilever Indonesia, Tbk years 1998-2007.. Thus the correlation or effect of Financial Leverage on Return On Equity (ROE) showed a negative influence and effect change in the level of Financial Leverage on Return On Equity firms are not significant. Correlation or effect of Financial Leverage on Earning Per Share (EPS) showed a positive influence and has no significant level of change in the company.