Objective This paper aims at analyzing the clinical features of recent Tubercular Meningitis as well as the factors affecting the prognosis of it.Methods Through the retrospective analysis of the clinical features,the changes of cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) and the changes and lapses of iconography of the 87 cases of patients with Tubercular Meningitis in Nanjing Brain Hospital from January 2002 to December 2007.Results This paper has noticed that patients with Tubercular Meningitis were mainly clinically characterized with headache,fever and meningismus,lacking of the typical Tubercular poisoning symptoms;among the 83 patients with head CT examination or MRI examination,38 were found unusual;among the 87 patients,4 died in the hospital,6 were transferred to other hospitals and among the living 83,60 accepted the telephone follow-up with 27.7 percent inaccessible;the follow-up time ranged from 1 year to 4 years,10 were left with somewhat neurological complications,8 died and 42 healed.Conclusion From the study and analysis,this paper has summed up that the lapse and prognosis of Tubercular Meningitis are dependent on the early diagnosis and remedy.The clinical symptoms of the disease are mostly without specificity,therefore it is advisable to observe the patients without typical clinical manifestation dynamically and examine their CSF repeatedly.The head CT examination and MRI examination are vital to diagnose Tubercular Meningitis,and to those highly-suspected,the diagnostic treatment against tuberculosis can be applied in order to prevent the misdiagnosis and mistreatment.


climate change and the global carbon cycle have been influencing each other for millions of years. Yet, understanding and predicting the interactions between Earth's climate and carbon dynamics is challenging due to poorly constrained feedbacks and processes. today, anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere–ocean system are altering the climate at unprecedented rates, making the understanding of carbon and climate dynamics one of the most crucial challenges for our society. to face this fundamental challenge, a new interdisciplinary approach is needed to embrace different geological, biological, and anthropic components with the overarching goal to produce a novel, global scientific view of the Earth system across timescales.


A field study was conducted on the Texas A&M Agricultural Research and Extension Center at Corpus Christi, TX, to determine the efficacy of Orthene 75S applied at different rates and formulations compared to Bidrin and an untreated check. The plot design was randomized complete block with 4 replications of 9 treatments. Plots were 8 rows wide by 40 ft and were planted on 28 Mar in beds spaced 38 inches apart. The soil type was Victoria sandy clay loam. The planting rate was 20 lb seed/acre. The plots of slurry treated seed received 0.075 lb (AI)/acre of Orthene 75S (based on 8 oz/100 lb seed). Foliar insecticides were applied with a backpack sprayer calibrated to deliver four gal of solution/acre in a band 20 inches wide on 16 May and 3 Jun. Aphids were sampled in the check and hopperbox treatments by examining 40 inches of row per plot, 36 Jays after planting. Fleahopper numbers and damage were determined weekly by visual examinations of 50 terminals per plot from 13 May to 6 jun.


Infantile glaucoma is a rare disorder that shares the basic glaucoma pathophysiology of other forms of glaucoma: an abnormally elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), which produces optic nerve ocular damage and consequent visual loss. The population of patients that this disease affects is one obvious distinction which differentiates this form of glaucoma from other types of glaucoma that occurs in adults. Infantile glaucoma results from structural maldevelopment of the anterior segment and angle structures that often lead to different presentations and dictate treatment regimens that may differ from those typically used in adults. The treatment of glaucoma in this population is further complicated by the visual immaturity of the pediatric patient. Amblyopia often occurs in these children and may lead to a more severe loss of vision than that caused by the elevation in IOP alone.


This paper proposes a microeconomic decomposition of the evolution of income inequality in Cote d´Ivoire in the 1990s, allowing the in-depth analysis of simultaneous contributions of four types of phenomena to the evolution of the distribution of income:


Coefficients of variation that show the degree to which the Hunt model of colour vision is successful in predicting the LUTCRI appearance data are gathered together in this article for a very wide range of viewing conditions. The model now consistently predicts these data as closely as the results of a single observer. agree with the average results of a group of six observers. The nature of the adjustments that have had to be made to the model to achieve this result are described. and their implications are discussed.


The stress relaxation test of sandy mudstone of 2rd member of Badong formation of Middle Tertian under triaxial compression was performed with the RLJW-2000 rock triaxial servo-controlled rheometer by step loading method.The results show that law of test curves under different stress levels is similar,and the stress decaying track is the smooth continuous curve.After transient strain is applied to the rock specimen,the decaying velocity of stress is very high at the begining,and then the decaying velocity of stress gradually drops with time under the condition of constant strain.The decaying velocity of stress is trend to be a constant finally,which is non-completely decaying stress relaxation.Based on test results,the stress relaxation of sandy mudstone is divided into three stages,and an empirical constitutive model for the stress-strain-time behavior of sandy mudstone is established.


The tasks of recognition of the invading pathogen and host defense activation are accomplished by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that sense conserved chemical signatures of the microorganisms called pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). The most important cell populations involved in the phagocytosis of fungal pathogens are neutrophils and macrophages, and together with the monocytes they have been shown to represent the major producers of proinflammatory cytokines. These innate immunity cell populations have subsequently been shown to be the most important cellular component of host defense against disseminated Candida infections. C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) are members of a large family of PRRs including dectin-1, the macrophage mannose receptor (MR), dendritic cells (DC)-specific ICAM3-grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN), dectin-2, and the circulating mannose-binding lectin (MBL). Recent progress in understanding host defense against fungal infections in general, and Candida infections in particular, has provided important novel targets for potential novel immunotherapeutic approaches. As vaccination is one of the most cost-effective treatment strategies and probably the most powerful tool to protect humans and animals against infectious disease, further vaccine development could significantly lessen the burden of Candida infections in patients at risk.


We address the use of the tight-binding and effective mass approximations (TB and EMA) for the calculation of transport properties in silicon nanowires (SiNWs). Three different transport scenarios are considered within a non-equilibrium Green's function approach: ballistic transport, tunneling under a potential barrier, and transport through a potential well. In the first two cases TB and EMA provide roughly similar conductances. For the potential-well case, however, the EMA approach fails to reproduce fano resonances. These discrepancies are strongly reduced at room temperature.


Author(s): Keene, Samuel | Advisor(s): Ardo, Shane | Abstract: Models of solar fuels devices that are completely electrochemically-mediated and consist of ensembles of optically thin light absorbers were used to calculate their maximum theoretical solar-to-fuel efficiencies. These models are based on the thermodynamic principles of detailed balance and blackbody radiation, semiconductor device physics, and simple catalysis. The maximum efficiency of an electrochemically-mediated tandem water splitting device was calculated and the crucial dependence of this efficiency on the redox shuttle thermodynamic potential was elucidated. A novel model of a stack of optically thin, radiatively coupled light-absorbers that each independently perform solar fuels reactions was developed to demonstrate the substantial gains in solar-to-fuel efficiency that are possible when using ensembles of small light-absorbers. The results presented herein can be used by researchers to develop high-efficiency, low-cost solar fuels materials and devices.


This dissertation offers a thorough examination of the Modern Greek distributive determiner. Specific focus is placed on particular parameters that involve whole sentences, which seem to result in different readings (semantic interpretations). I conclude through my analysis, which is circumscribed within the syntax-LF interface, that a common mechanism of Agree/binding is responsible for the emergence of these different readings.


This paper presents the prediction of dynamic recrystallization behavior during hot forging of Inconel 718. Another experiment of pancake forging was also carried out to examine the recrystallization ration dynamically recrystallizaed grain size, and grain growth in the forging. In experiments cylindrical billets were forged by two operations with variations of forging temperature, reduction ration of deformation. and preheating process at each forging step. Also the finite element program, developed here for the prediction using the metallurgical models was used for the analysis of to Inconel 718 upsetting and the results were compared with experimental ones.


A new operational retrieval of cloud droplet number concentration (ND) at cloud base has been produced from surface remote sensors at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Southern Great Plains site for 13 years from January 1998 to January 2011. The retrieval is based on surface radiometer measurements of cloud optical depth from the multifilter rotating shadow band radiometer and liquid water path from the microwave radiometer (MWR). It is only applicable for single‐layered overcast warm (stratus or stratocumulus) clouds. Evaluation with in situ aircraft measurements during the extended‐term aircraft field campaign, Routine ARM Aerial Facility (AAF) Clouds with Low Optical Water Depths (CLOWD) Optical Radiative Observations (RACORO), shows that the retrieved ND robustly reproduces the primary mode of the in situ measured probability density function (PDF) but produces too wide a distribution, primarily caused by frequent high cloud droplet number concentration. Our analysis shows that the error in the MWR retrievals at low liquid water paths is one possible reason for this deficiency. Modification through the diagnosed liquid water path from the coordinate solution improves not only the PDF of the retrieved ND but also the relationship between the cloud droplet number concentration and cloud droplet effective radius. Consideration of entrainment effects rather than assuming an adiabatic cloud improves the values of the ND retrieval by reducing the magnitude of cloud droplet number concentration. Aircraft measurements and retrieval comparisons suggest that retrieving the vertical distribution of cloud droplet number concentration and effective radius is feasible with an improvement of the parameter representing the mixing effects between environment and clouds and with a better understanding of the effect of mixing degree on cloud properties.


The upper critical field $H_{c2}$ is one of the many non conventional properties of high-$T_c$ cuprates. It is possible that the $H_{c2}(T)$ anomalies are due to the presence of inhomogeneities in the local charge carrier density $\rho$ of the $CuO_2$ planes. In order to study this point, we have prepared good quality samples of polycrystalline $La_{2-x}Sr_xCuO_{4}$ using the wet-chemical method, which has demonstrated to produce samples with a better cation distribution. In particular, we have studied the temperature dependence of the second critical field, $H_{c2}(T)$, through the magnetization measurements on two samples with opposite average carrier concentration ($\rho_m=x$) and nearly the same critical temperature, namely $\rho_m = 0.08$ (underdoped) and $\rho_m = 0.25$ (overdoped). The results close to $T_c$ do not follow the usual Ginzburg-Landau theory and are interpreted by a theory which takes into account the influence of the inhomogeneities.


If a mind stored with all the learning appropriate to the profession of the law, and decorated with all the elegance of classical literature—if a spirit imbued with the sensibilities of a lofty patriotism, and chastened by the meditations of a profound philosophy—if a brilliant imagination, a discerning intellect, a sound judgment, an indefatigable capacity, and vigorous energy of application, vivified with an ease and rapidity of elocution, copious without redundance and select without affectation—if all these, united with a sportive vein of humor, an inoffensive temper, and an angelic purity of heart—if all these in their combination are the qualities suitable for an Attorney General of the United States—in him they were all eminently combined. —Former President John Quincy Adams 1


20 There is nothing about neoliberalism that is deserving of our respect, and so in concert with a prefigurative politics of creation, my message is quite simply 'fuck it'. Fuck the hold that it has on our political imaginations. Fuck the violence it engenders. Fuck the inequality it extols as a virtue. Fuck the way it has ravaged the environment. Fuck the endless cycle of accumulation and the cult of growth...... Fuck the ever-intensifying move towards metrics and the failure to appreciate that not everything that counts can be counted. Fuck the desire for profit over the needs of community. Fuck absolutely everything neoliberalism stands for, and fuck the Trojan horse that it rode in on! (Springer, 2016: 288)


Abstract This study explores peer influence on urban preadolescents' perceptions of social status benefits of material possessions. A longitudinal design is used. Natural, interaction-based peer groups are identified through the Social Cognitive Map procedure. Findings indicate that high-status rather than low-status peers in a group are influential on individuals. Strong influence of high-status peers is observed in both boys' and girls' groups. High-status peers are particularly influential on low-status individuals in girls' groups and on high-status individuals in boys' groups. Additionally, high-status peers' influence is stronger on African Americans than on Hispanic Americans and tends to be stronger on Hispanic Americans than on White Americans. These findings imply that special attention should he given to high-status youth in groups who highly endorse social benefits of material possessions. Characteristics of the target youth (e.g., gender, ethnicity and individual status) should be considered in future efforts for reducing the pervasiveness of materialism. Materialism has negative impacts on individuals' well-being and social adaptedness (Kasser and Ahuvia 2002; Kasser and Ryan 1993). As concerns grow over rising levels of materialism among youth (Goldberg et al. 2003; Schor 2004), understanding the ontogeny of materialism has recently moved to the center stage in research. In this study, we aim to examine peer influence on youth's attitudes toward material possessions, specifically perceptions of social status benefits. Previous studies indicate that social success is an important theme in materialism (Richins 2004; Richins and Dawson 1992), in that persons with strong materialistic values use possessions as an indicator of their own and others' success. Social success for youth is often indexed by high levels of social status (for instance, popularity) among peers (LaFontana and Cillessen 2010; Lease, Musgrove, and Axelrod 2002). Hence, to understand the emergence of materialism among youth, it is important to investigate how youth form perceptions of social status benefits associated with material possessions. Two important aspects of peer influence have been proposed in a recent conceptual model (Brown et al. 2008) and in several theories (Bandura 1986; Latane 1981): (1) the strength of peer influence on an individual and (2) the degree to which an individual is influenced by peers. We focus on these two aspects of peer influence in this study. Preadolescents are an especially appropriate age group in which to apply this model because materialism peaks in preadolescence (ages 12-13) for individuals in the developmental age span of 8 to 18 years (Chaplin and John 2007) and conformity to peers--which increases with age in childhood--also peaks in this period and decreases afterwards (Monahan, Steinberg, and Cauffman 2009; Steinberg and Silverberg 1986). HYPOTHESIS DEVELOPMENT A Natural Interaction-Based Peer Group It should be noted that a peer group in this study differs from that in previous studies in the consumer literature (Moschis and Churchill 1978; Netemeyer, Bearden, and Teel 1992). In previous studies, a peer group literally represents an individual's broad peer network, for instance, other children in the same class or neighborhood with whom this individual may or may not interact. A peer group in this study is a social group with members who interact with each other frequently. Social ties for such a group are natural and interconnected interactions among members (Cairns and Cairns 1994; Cairns et al. 1995). To identify such a group, we apply a method of studying groups used in developmental psychology. Group Norms: High-Status Peers in a Group Research on social development makes it clear that peer groups are important in modifying and shaping individual members' development in preadolescence (Cairns et al. 1995; Rubin et al. …


Vibrio cholerae is a natural inhabitant of the aquatic environment and can be transmitted to humans through drinking water. South Africa (SA) was recently affected by an epidemic of V. cholerae O1, which occurred from 1997 to 2005 and peaked in 2001 (Keddy et al., 2007). This epidemic affected most provinces in the country, but was not described in the Free State province or the Northern Cape province. Vigilance for the disease remains high in the medical community and cases of V. cholerae infection should be investigated because of the public health importance of epidemic cholera. During the SA epidemic in 2000–2002, we identified a number of non-O1, non-O139 V. cholerae strains that were negative for cholera toxin, but were co-circulating in the environment (K. H. Keddy, unpublished results). Non-O1, non-O139 V. cholerae may be associated with mild diarrhoea and localized, contained outbreaks. Although these strains have low epidemic potential, they may be encapsulated and more frequently cause invasive disease. Their presence in the environment also suggests that environmental conditions are optimal for supporting the growth of epidemic V. cholerae O1, which is known to exist in groundwater sources in a viable but nonculturable resting state (Kaper et al., 1995). In the present study, we report on the investigation of non-O1, non-O139 V. cholerae strains isolated in the Northern Cape province of SA during March to April 2007. These strains included one invasive human isolate and ten water isolates.


Pemetrexed is a novel antifolate which is approved in the USA and Europe for the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Researches reveal that pemetrexed enhances radiation-induced cell inactivation.A series of clinical trials of pemetrexed combined with radiotherapy for NSCLC also demonstrated that pemetrexed provides similar efficacy with lower toxicity and better tolerability than other third-generation chemotherapy drugs.

Key words:
Carcinoma, non-small-cell lung;  Radiotherapy ;  Pemetrexed


The molecule of the title compound, [PtCl4(C4H4N2)2], possesses mmm symmetry. The PtIVatom is six-coordinated in an octahedral configuration by two N atoms of two pyrazine rings and four Cl atoms. In the crystal structure, there are π–π interactions between the pyrazine rings [the closest distance between adjacent rings is 3.6485 (7) A].


A new chromene, 5-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-2,2-dimethyl-7-[(3-methyl-2-butenyl)oxy]chromene, named xinjiastilbene A (1), a new benzofuran, 4-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-6-[(3-methyl-2-butenyl)oxy]benzofuran, named xinjiastilbene B (2), and a chalcone, 4'-hydroxy-2-methoxy-4-prenyloxy-chalcone, named xinjiachalcone A (3), were isolated from licorice of Xinjiang origin (botanically assigned to Glycyrrhiza inflata Batalin), together with seven known phenolic compounds. The structure was elucidated on the basis of spectrometric evidence.


This paper aims to study a strategic decision of banks in Thailand to signal their types to the market and derive the optimal credit derivatives contract to guarantee their loans and credibly signal their quality under different economic determinants, namely, the maximum credit risk investment constraint, opportunity cost and opaqueness of the credit derivative market.,Contract theory is deployed to derive the expected payoff of different bank types under different economic and financial constraints. Hence, different bank types offer derivatives contracts to signal their loan quality and resell their loans in the secondary loan markets of Thailand.,The optimal derivatives contract is constructed on a basis of asymmetric information when banks have more private information concerning quality of their loans. A digital credit default swap is an optimal derivatives contract to send credible signal when banks are restricted to the maximum investment constraint. Moreover, profit of banks is reduced, as the optimal derivatives contract is more costly when banks are subjected to positive opportunity cost and opacity of the credit derivatives market. These results depict impact of changes of the maximum credit risk investment constraint on Thai credit derivatives market.,The optimal credit derivatives design that signifies bank types and facilitates loan purchase agreement has not been studied in Thai secondary loan markets before. In addition, this study provides insights of banks' strategic decisions to signal their types and transfer risk to risk buyers in Thai markets.


Channel estimation for single-input single-output frequency- and time-selective channels is considered using time- multiplexed training. The time-varying channel is assumed to be well-described by a basis expansion model using discrete prolate spheroidal sequences as the bases (DPS-BEM). First, the popular linear least-squares approach is exploited to estimate the basis expansion coefficients. Then the issue of training power allocation is addressed. Finally, computer simulation examples are presented where the channel is generated via Jakes' model.


The importance of electronic records management in construction industry is discussed.Based upon analysis of the features of electronic files principles are proposed for electronic files management in order to realize high-efficient systematic management of file-records.Author points out that file management and records management is a systematic engineering,which is important assurance for management quality of files.


The first hard problem we will examine is what is known as Satisfiability or SAT. As input, we are given a set of n boolean variables X = {x1, x2, . . . , xn} (i.e., each variable can be set to either true or false). We are then given a boolean formula over these variables of the following form (noting that this is just a specific example where X = {x1, x2, x3, x4}): (x1 ∨ x2 ∨ x3) ∧ (x2 ∨ x3 ∨ x4) ∧ (x4 ∨ x1 ∨ x2) (1)


Comorbidities are common in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but there is little information regarding distinct comorbidity patterns in patients with RA and how these patterns impact disease activity and mortality.To examine clusters of patients with RA based on comorbidities, the association between these clusters and RA disease activity, and their impact on mortality.In this retrospective, population-based study, residents of a geographically well-defined area with prevalent RA on 1-1-2015 were identified. Patients were followed for vital status until death, last contact or 12-31-2021. Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) was obtained from the medical visit closest to the prevalence date (±1 year). Diagnostic codes were retrieved for 5 years prior to the prevalence date. Using 2 codes ≥30 days apart, 55 comorbidities were defined. Latent class analysis (LCA) was used to cluster patients based on comorbidity patterns with the optimal number of clusters determined by Bayesian Information Criteria. Standardized mortality ratios (SMR) were used to assess differences in mortality across the clusters.A total of 1643 patients with prevalent RA (72% female; 94% white; median age 64 years, median RA duration 7 years) were studied. Comorbidities were present in 1548 (94%) of the subjects with 5+ comorbidities present in 980 (59%) subjects.LCA identified 4 clusters of patients. Although only comorbidities were used in the LCA, the clusters differed by age, sex, number of comorbidities, smoking status, body mass index (BMI) and RF/ anti-CCP positivity (Table 1). Cluster 1 (n=686) included younger patients who were less likely to smoke and had fewer comorbidities compared to other clusters. In contrast, cluster 4 (n=134) included older patients with 6+ comorbidities who were more likely to have smoked. Cluster 2 (n=200) included younger patients with 6+ comorbidities and high prevalences of depression and obesity, while cluster 3 (n=623) included the remaining patients with 3+ comorbidities consisting mainly of hypertension, hyperlipidemia and back pain).Cluster 1 had no increased mortality based on US lifetables (SMR 0.8; 95% confidence interval [CI: 0.55-1.1). Cluster 4 had the worst survival (SMR 3.5; 95% CI 2.8-4.4). Cluster 2 also had poor survival (SMR 1.6; 95% CI 1.03-2.2), while the poor survival in cluster 3 was less pronounced (SMR 1.2; 95% CI 0.99-1.4).Data on CDAI were available on 725 patients who were mostly like those without CDAI except they were slightly younger (mean age 62 vs 64 years), fewer ever smoked (51% vs 58%) and more were seropositive (71% vs 63%) compared to those without CDAI. CDAI differed across the clusters (p<0.001) with the highest proportion of remission in Cluster 1 and the lowest proportion of remission and the largest proportion of high disease activity in Cluster 2.Clustering of patients with RA based on comorbidity profiles identified distinct groups exhibiting different prognosis. This demonstrates comorbidities congregate in some patients, leading to poor prognosis, while others experience fewer comorbidities and better survival than people without RA. The cluster with both better survival and more remission despite a high proportion of seropositivity is intriguing.Table 1.Characteristics of four clusters of patients with RACharacteristicC1 (N=686)C2 (N=200)C3 (N=623)C4 (N=134)p valueAge, years55 (46, 63)60 (51, 68)72 (63, 78)77 (71, 82)< 0.001Female sex75%86%64%66%< 0.001RF/anti-CCP positive70%62%64%65%0.073RA duration, years6 (3, 12)5 (3, 11)8 (3, 17)9 (4, 21)< 0.001BMI, kg/m227 (24, 33)31 (27, 35)29 (25, 34)28 (25, 34)< 0.001Ever smoker50%60%57%62%0.005Number of comorbidities< 0.001 0-243%0%0%0% 3-543%0%29%0% 6+4%100%71%100%Disease activityN=327N=94N=260N=44CDAI4 (1, 13)11 (6, 20)8 (3,13)7 (4, 13)<0.001 Remission (≤2.8)40%11%26%25% Low (>2.8 to 10.0)29%36%38%39% Moderate (>10.0 to 22.0)19%31%23%20% High (>22.0)12%22%13%16%Values in the table are median (25th, 75th%ile) or %NIL.NIL.Cynthia S. Crowson: None declared, Elizabeth Atkinson: None declared, Elena Myasoedova: None declared, Vanessa Kronzer: None declared, Bradly Kimbrough: None declared, Chanakya Kodishala: None declared, Edward Lovering: None declared, Rakesh Kumar: None declared, John M Davis III Grant/research support from: Pfizer.


Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of etoricoxib on knee osteoarthritis(OA) and its safety.Methods Twenty-five patients with knee OA were treated with oral etoricoxib at the dose of 60mg/d.Its therapeutic effect and safety were assessed at weeks 0 and 3,such as Western Ontario McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis(WOMAC) index score(pain,stiffness,and daily activity difficulty),score of knee pain and disease given by patients,and score of disease given by physicians.The treatment was judged effectively when the improved index was≥30%.Results All the indexes were significantly improved 3 weeks after treatment with etoricoxib(P0.01).The therapeutic effect was≥68% except for stiffness and 80% for knee pain.Adverse reaction,mainly manifested as gastrointestinal symptoms and edema,occurred in 5 patients(20%),which improved without reducing the dose or withdrawal of etoricoxib.No severe adverse events occurred.Conclusion Etoricoxib can improve the symptoms of knee OA with mild adverse reaction and good compliance.


Linehan's biosocial theory (1981, 1988, 1993a) states that suicidal behavior is a learned method for coping with acute emotional suffering. Suicidal behavior is viewed as a skill deficit; i.e., people are thought to seek death as the solution for their intense suffering because they can think of no other effective options. The theory has roots in social-behaviorism (Staats, 1975) and radical behaviorism (Skinner, 1957) and has been further shaped by emerging research. Linehan's work through the years has focused prominently (though not exclusively) on borderline personality disorder (BPD). Suicidal ideation and behavior are often chronic in individuals with BPD, including recurrent suicide attempts and various forms of self-injury. Although Linehan's theory was originally developed to explain chronic suicidal behavior, it is also useful for understanding other dysfunctional behaviors in borderline personality disorder (BPD), including nonsuicidal self-injury (e.g., Linehan, 1993a). However, unique aspects of BPD and nonsuicidal self-injury will not be reviewed here; the reader is referred to other sources that cover these topics more thoroughly (Brown, Linehan, & Comtois, 2002; Brown, 2003; Linehan, 1993a). This chapter begins with a detailed description of Linehan's theory of suicide and discusses research relevant to the theory. Next, treatment strategies used in Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), which developed out of Linehan's theory of suicidal behavior, are discussed. The Causes of Suicidal Behavior According to behavioral theory, there are numerous causal pathways to dysfunctional behaviors. A behavioral analysis (i.e., functional analysis) is required to discover the specific controlling variables for specific suicidal acts for specific individuals. In this analysis, the causal variables to be considered include: cognition, emotions, environmental factors, and overt behaviors. In some cases, cognition is a primary cause of suicidal behavior, and at other times it has a minimal role. Situational factors are seen as having a prominent role in most cases even when cognitions and emotions are identified as important. It is not sufficient to explain dysfunctional behaviors simply in terms of internal experiences, because the origin of these experiences also must be explained (Baum & Heath, 1992). An exclusive focus on dysfunction inside the person risks ignoring a wide range of potentially important contextual factors in the onset and maintenance of suicidality. Cognition is symbolic activity that regulates behavior, not in an absolute way, but only in certain contexts. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the context in which thinking leads to problematic emotions and overt behaviors (Wilson, Hayes, & Gifford, 1996). Important environmental cues often trigger problematic cognitions, emotions, and behaviors. Like all other forms of human activity, cognitions are "not initiating causes," though they participate in overall causal relations. From a dialectical framework, events, including private and overt behaviors, can both be the cause and outcome of multiple complex events (Linehan, 1993a).


A master of Abstractism between informal art and sign-based painting. The unmistakable sign of Giuseppe Capogrossi (1900-1972), like the gesture of Lucio Fontana and the material of Alberto Burri, have left an indelible mark on the history of twentieth-century Italian art. Capogrossi: A Retrospective is the final tribute to one of the absolute leaders of the postwar art scene. The book is conceived as a genuine, extended monograph, featuring rich photographic and textual documentation, much of which has never before been published. The book investigates the pathway taken by the artist during a life long activity, thanks to detailed critical historical essays by L. M. Barbero, F. R. Morelli, V. Rivosecchi, G. Bertolino, F. Pola, G. Mastinu, S. Salvagnini, P. Bolpagni, and L. d'Angelo.


The synthesis of RuCl(CO)(NO)L2 (L = PtBu2Me) and replacement of Cl- by BF4-, CO, CH3CN, H2O, F-, and H- are reported. NaBArF4 (ArF = 3,5-(CF3)2C6H3) removes halide to produce the four-coordinate 16-electron cation Ru(NO)(CO)L2+, shown by X-ray diffraction to have a nonplanar structure symptomatic of greater back bonding than isoelectronic Ru(CO)2L2. Variable-temperature 1H NMR studies of the tBu groups in [Ru(NO)(CO)L2](BArF4) show a ΔG⧧ (100 °C) for inversion through planar Ru of 19.1 kcal/mol. Ru(η1-BF4)(CO)(NO)L2 is shown by X-ray diffraction to have a square-pyramidal structure with apical bent NO. The IR frequencies of NO and CO are analyzed to conclude that all five-coordinate species except Ru(NO)(CO)2L2+ and RuH(NO)(CO)L2 have bent nitrosyls; these last two have linear NO. RuX(CO)(NO)(PH3)2+ (X = Cl-, BF4-, H-, no ligand, NCH, CO) was calculated with ab initio calculations at the Becke3LYP level. Depending on the nature of X, one minimum (square pyramid with bent NO) or two minima (square pyramid...


Abstract : The data processing and analysis operations performed on the channel data recordings of Volume II are described, and representative numerical results are discussed. Some of these results are based on defining error bursts in terms of error gaps, instead of error densities (or as the absence of an error-free interval). This basis for defining bursts was found to be advantageous. One important result was the finding that when bursts defined in this way contain only short gaps, the bursts have only limited lengths but are quite closely spaced. Another result is that for the channel data tapes processed, the signal quality parameters are relatively unreliable indicators of demodulator output errors. One result of the evaluation of coding techniques for turbulent channels indicates that multiple-interleaved cascade F-multi-codes are advantageous. Another one of these results is that in the present state of the art, these multicodes should be based on cyclic, shortened cyclic, or extended cyclic subcodes, and the inner subsystem should use a bit error detecting F-singlecode with a bit EDAC augmented digital decoder. If the error control performance requirements are sufficiently high, and if the channel bit rate is sufficiently low (e.g., less than 9600 bps), then a hybrid hardware/software decoder implementation may be advantageous if otherwise permissible. In all other cases, a completely hardware implementation is preferable. (Author)


The algorithmic properties of a dissipative Galerkin scheme for openchannel flow are investigated by means of a Fourier analysis based on the linearized equations describing kinematic and dynamic wave motion in shallow water. Optimum dissipation levels are determined so that the kinematic wave speed error is reduced by two orders of magnitude compared to that of the standard Galerkin method. The method is then extended to the equations of dynamic‐wave propagation written in conservation form and the dissipation and phase characteristics of the scheme are determined and compared to the corresponding properties of some well‐known finite‐difference schemes. The dissipative Galerkin scheme exhibits some remarkable characteristics, which include unconditional stability, a highly selective dissipative interface and very satisfactory wave‐speed characteristics. The overall wave deformation characteristics of the method are found to be not only an improvement of the classical Galerkin method but also better than ...


ABSTRACT: The rising incidence rates of prostate cancer (CAP) have become a global health disorder. Its complex aetiology includes potentially modifiable environmental factors and non-modifiable genetic components. In this study, we aimed to identify the potential and significant non-genetic risk factors associated with CAP in the population of Jammu and Kashmir. A total of 320 study subjects (120 clinically confirmed CAP patients and 200 healthy age-matched unrelated participants) were registered for this investigation after obtaining their prior consent. A predesigned health questionnaire and hospital-based patient history were used to collect data about clinical variables, sociodemographic characteristics, anthropometric parameters, and biochemical indices. The result revealed that dietary patterns (non-vegetarianism, p=0.01), lack of physical activity (p=0.0007), dwelling (urban residents, p=0.0105), higher levels of serum LDL-cholesterol (p=<0.0001), triglyceride (p=0.01), VLDL-cholesterol (p=0.02), total cholesterol (p=0.0527), creatinine (p=0.0006), sodium (p=0.0429), urea (p=0.0006), and PSA (p=<0.0001) were significantly associated with CAP. Moreover, higher mean age (69.82±15.5), the extent/duration of diabetes mellitus (DM) (p=0.0007), lack of physical activity (p=0.0007), high intake of red meat (p=0.0005), LDL-Cholesterol (p=<0.0001) and positive family history (p=<0.0001) were found to be the most significant risk factors for CAP. The study notably identified the novel (extent/duration of diabetes and serum levels of LDL, VLDL) non-genetic risk factors associated with prostate cancer in the population of the Jammu region of J&K.


The number of available non-zero voltage vectors in the surface permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM)direct torque control(DTC)drives is up to 12 by composed-connection and dividing stator flux circle into 12 sectors.Based on the effects of voltage vectors on torque,a novel switching table using voltage vectors to decrease unreasonable torque ripple was proposed.Finally,The influence of the move of rotor flux on the PMSM DTC drives was studied.Simulation results testify theoretical analysis.


Sweave is a tool that allows to embed R code in LATEX documents. The code can be evaluated and the resulting console output, figures and tables are automatically inserted into the final document. In this paper we first give an


Mostdetection algorithms forhyperspectral imaging applications assume atarget with aperfectly knownspectral signature. Inpractice, thetarget signature iseither imperfectly measured (target mismatch) and/or itexhibits spectral variability. The objective ofthis paper istointroduce arobust matched filter that takes theuncertainty and/or variability oftarget signatures into account. Itisshownthat, ifwedescribe this uncertainty withanellipsoid inthespectral space, wecandesign a matched filter that provides aresponse ofthesamemagnitude forallspectra within this ellipsoid. Thus, bychanging the size ofthis ellipsoid, wecancontrol the"spectral selectivity" ofthematched filter. Theability oftherobust matched filter todeal effectively withtarget mismatch andspectral variabilityisdemonstrated withhyperspectral imaging data fromthe HYDICEsensor. IndexTerms-Infrared spectroscopy, multidimensional signal detection, array signal processing, adaptive signal detection


This paper is an attempt to test the influence of commodities such as, the primary export commodities on the Islamic equity market. Malaysia is taken as a case study. The standard time series techniques are used for the analysis. The results tend to indicate that the Islamic equity market is exogenous, i.e., it is independent of the influence of commodities.. This finding appears to be a bit counter-intuitive in that the Islamic equity is expected to be closely linked with the real sector, represented by its endogeneity vis-à-vis the selected commodity variables. Based on this, the study confirms the perception that Islamic equity is a subset market of the conventional capital market. The empirical analysis tends to suggest that policy measures and structural reforms may be initiated in order to avoid financialization and decoupling of the Islamic equity market from the real sector, as in the case of conventional equity market.


Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is associated with several adverse health outcomes, and vitamin D appears to have systemic antimicrobial effects that may be crucial in a variety of both acute and chronic illnesses. In the present study,


The term sense of agency is the sensation of acting voluntarily. It involves people' recognition of
responsibility in their behaviors. This document aims to understand the sense of agency from the
perspective of neuropsychology and the philosophy of action. It also aims to understand the
relationships between three strongly related concepts: the sense of agency, free will and
responsibility. Discussion shows commons ideas and discrepancies between both disciplines.


The optimization of base station locations started with coverage and traffic criteria. Nowadays, the increased demand for geographically inhomogeneous capacity leads to mixed cell structures as well as relay nodes, while the cost of the different deployments varies significantly. Furthermore, MIMO technology offers solutions to the ever increasing capacity requirements. The peculiarity of heterogeneous systems is that the optimum solution can be a small group of macrocells or a large number of microcells or anything in between. The algorithm presented here has been developed specifically for heterogeneous wireless systems, follows a combinatorial approach and the optimization analysis is based on the triplet coverage, capacity and cost. Results demonstrate the adaptive performance of the algorithm and the tendency towards the deployment of very small cells as capacity increases, as well as the considerable capacity increase and planning flexibility offered by MIMO techniques.


Cyber physical systems are characterized by continuous interaction between digital control systems and physical systems. To design critical control software that is to be used in control systems, a modeldriven correct-by-construction approach is preferable. Modeling languages based on synchronous model of time - such as Simulink, State Chart, Esterel, Lustre etc., are often used for sequential software synthesis and languages with a polychronous timing model such as Signal, MRICDF (Multi-Rate Instantaneous Channel-connected Data Flow) etc., are often used for concurrent software synthesis. The interfaces of such software to the real world are through digital signals that are often sampled quantities of physical entities - such as velocity, acceleration, pressure etc. Standard type systems available in programming or modeling languages assign traditional data types such as float, real etc., to these signals. Modelers might mistakenly connect two signals with the same traditional data types but representing different physical entities leading to critical bugs in the synthesized software. Early detection of such mistakes require enhanced type system and type checking algorithms. In this work, we attempt to extend the type system of the polychronous modeling language MRICDF and propose type inference techniques that consider the physical dimensions and units of the signals along with the data types. We also propose an SMT (Satisfiability Modulo Theories) based verification approach that verifies type consistency and provides invariants under which the type consistency is upheld.


Improved thermal laminating machine belongs to machinery equipment field, it comprises equipment stand, the upper part of the stand is equipped with roller for supporting the film, roller for tearing off and rolling up the back paper, and the upper and lower planishing rubber rollers mounted on the worktable, equipped on the side of the stand there is rubber roller lifting and rocker arm mechanism equipped on the stand side, feeding power source and pedal switch, the other side of the stand is mounted with damping adjusting roller, the said damping adjusting rollers are connected with corresponding rollers respectively, the damping adjusting rollers are connected by chains that drives all rollers in synchronizing motion. The improved thermal laminating machine equipment can adjust the roller speed flexibly, reaches the goal of synchronizing motion, adjusts the tension and tensile stress between the film and the laminating work piece, and achieves the high quality laminating effect.


Abstract : Performance characteristics of a Multiple Model Adaptive Estimation and Control Redistribution (MMAE/CR) algorithm are evaluated against single and double actuator and sensor failures. MMAE alone can compensate for sensor failures, whereas Control Redistribution compensates for actuator failures by redistributing commands, initially intended for failed actuators, to the unfailed actuators in such a way that the desired system response is achieved. Both failure detection and compensation capabilities are developed and analyzed through an extensive amount of simulation data, particularly addressing multiple failures. Simulations are performed utilizing the high fidelity, non-linear six degree of freedom Simulation Rapid Prototyping Facility for the VISTA F-16, for both benign and maneuvering scenarios. Methods utilized to incorporate the MMAE/CR techniques are examined and modifications required to enhance performance are also presented. Results are presented which indicate the techniques incorporated provide an excellent means of both failure detection and compensation for the failures of both actuators and sensors. Approximately 98 percent of all secondary failures were successfully detected, and the majority of these detections are shown to occur in less than .5 seconds. The techniques of Multiple Model Adaptive Estimation and Control Redistribution are shown to complement each other well by providing improved failure detection in the face of actuator failures through the redistribution of the dither signal (used to enhance identifiability when there are no maneuvering commands to excite the system), and improved control authority through enhanced state variable estimation in the face of sensor failures.


History offers many examples of legal regimes that were designed and administered by private entities. These examples offer insight into how we might develop competitive, private legal regimes that are efficient, cost-effective, and suitable to the economy of today. Democratic legitimacy does impose limits on the extent to which we can use private legal regimes to direct the state's coercive powers. But the state can legitimately delegate significant areas of the law to private entities, especially the areas governing relationships between corporate entities. Privatizing commercial law is not a simple task, but we should do so because it holds the promise of significantly decreasing the cost of law.


Introduction Predict Prostate is a freely-available online personalised risk communication tool for men newly diagnosed with non-metastatic prostate cancer. Its accuracy has been assessed in multiple validation studies but the clinical impact of the tool on patient decision-making had not previously been evaluated. Methods A multi-centre randomised controlled trial was performed across 8 UK centres, wherein newly diagnosed men considering either active surveillance or radical treatment, were randomised to either standard of care (SOC) information or SOC and presentation of Predict Prostate. Validated questionnaires were completed assessing impact of the tool on decisional conflict, uncertainty, anxiety and understanding of survival. Results 156 patients were included; mean age 67 years (range 44-80) and PSA of 6.9ng/ml (range 0.5-59.8). 81 were randomised to the Predict Prostate arm, and 75 to SOC information only. Mean decisional conflict scores were 26% lower in the Predict Prostate group (mean = 15.9) than in the SOC group (mean = 21.5) (p=0.01). Scores on the effective decision, uncertainty and value clarity subscales all indicated that the Predict Prostate group felt more informed and clear about their decision (all p<0.05). There was no significant difference in anxiety between the two groups. Patient perceptions of 15-year prostate cancer specific mortality (PCSM) and overall survival benefit from radical treatment were considerably lower among men in the Predict Prostate group (p<0.0001). 58% of men reported the Predict Prostate estimates for PCSM were lower than expected, and 35% reported being less likely to select radical treatment. Over 90% of patients in the Predict Prostate group found it useful and 94% would recommend it to others. Conclusion Predict Prostate reduces decisional conflict and uncertainty in non-metastatic prostate cancer and shifts patient perceptions around prognosis to be more realistic. This is the first randomised study of such a tool in this context; it demonstrates Predict Prostate can directly inform the complex decision-making process in prostate cancer.


This article focuses on the relation between the multiple intelligences theory of Howard Gardner,a famous American educationalist of the time,and aesthetic education.It argues that the multiple intelligences theory of Gardner is the product of traditional examination education in the background of knowledge economics in the second half of the 20 th century.There exists a battle between two educational modes:unified school education and individually centered school education.The former takes the intelligence quotient as its symbol and sets up a non scenic evaluation system.Its substance is examination education.The latter emphasizes a more flexible scenic evaluation system.It adapts to the exploitation of people's multiple intelligences and its[CM(39]substance is accomplishment education.The multiple intelligences theory of Gardner not only pioneers roads for aesthetic education from the viewpoint of accomplishment education,but also puts artistic education on an important position and supplies aesthetic education with a more scientific evaluation method.


The paper analyzes the object of knowledge integration in risk management from its practical process.And it also discusses the knowledgeable integrated mechanism of risk management and proposes managerial strategies of effective integration of knowledge in risk management.


This Brief Note describes the challenges of translating English-language measures – Human Rights Exposure in Social Work and Human Rights Engagement in Social Work – into Spanish and Traditional Chinese. Authors discuss the cultural specificities that complicate translating rights across political boundaries and provide insight for undertaking cross-national translation.


Disciplinary Responsibility over Judges in the Second Republic of Poland. Substantive Law Issues in Light of Judges' Personal and Disciplinary Files from the Former Prussian Territories

The issue of disciplinary responsibility over judges is one of the key aspects of the functioning of the judiciary. This mechanism must remain a compromise between respecting a special status for judges based on their independence and their key role in the functioning of the state, versus the need to eliminate negative behaviors on their part. Such oversight in turn should lead to the building up of societal trust in the judiciary. The article is an attempt to present the issue of disciplinary proceedings against judges in the Second Polish Republic in the areas of the former Prussian territories.

By presenting this issue from the perspective of substantive law, this article complements research already carried out in this area, the issue of the course of procedure in disciplinary proceedings having already been presented in a separate text. In this article, the author focuses on the issues regarding judge's disciplinary misconduct and actual disciplinary punishments. The legal provisions were compared with the practice of their application, reconstructed on the basis of preserved archival files of judges, both personal and disciplinary.


The results of the territorial communities' survey on their identification and positioning to improve the quality of life, which conducted among representatives of territorial communities of Luhansk and Donetsk regions located in the territories controlled by the Ukrainian government, were generalized. Its purpose was to determine the opinion of the respondents regarding the quality of life in the communi ties, their vision of the community uniqueness, as well as an idea of its image and positioning. Information collected on identifiers and signs of the communities' attractiveness, the attitude of community residents to changes in the quality of life in the reform process, the desired directions for the future communities' development, a vision of their positioning, the role of community branding and advertising. It was determined that the majority of the interviewed respondents positively assess the living environment of their communities, and not, however, associating changes for the better with decentralization. The subjective residents' vision of their own community formed by the following main identifiers, such as the availability of administrative services, the condition of highways and sidewalks, infrastructure for recreation and leisure. The community attractiveness, according to the respondents, determined by the availability and level of administrative services, comfort of living and convenient transport location. The main obstacles for improving the quality of life, as well as the primary resources for its impro vement, are considered by the majority of respondents to be ineffective local authorities, as well as lack of initiative and activity of residents. More than 70% of respondents identified a negative impact on the development of the proximity of their community to the zone of armed conflict. The tendency of the respondents to focus more on problems than on the achievements of communities ascertained. In addition, trend of greater accentuation of respondents on the issues, as well as a certain indifference about the future of their community, in the process of determining the positioning of their own community and the vision of its image manifested most clearly in the number of uncertain options. It substantiates that the results obtained can be extrapolated to all communities in the region, and are the basis for optimizing the strategic planning process for the development of territorial communities, which will contribute to improving the life quality of population.


A novel collaborative anti-spam system model based on memory rules is introduced. In this model, a self-learning spam detecting method based on neurobiology is presented. This system uses an improved chunk hashing algorithm to calculate the similarity graph of the email text. This graph, together with the arrival characteristics of email traffic, is regarded as the inputs of the spam detecting method. Finally, the feasibility of this method is validated by the simulation results.


As long standing fans of Barbra Streisand, we read with interest the papers from Drs Cunningham and Bromley entitled 'You don't bring me flowers anymore: an investigation into the experience of stigma by psychiatric in-patients' ( Psychiatric Bulletin , October 2004, 28 , 371-374). It seemed


Background: The advancement of various audio-visual (AV) aids in the present era has led to progressive changes in education. Uses of AV aids play a key role in medical education to learn and understand a particular topic. As the subject of anatomy involves more of illustrations and demonstrations, AV aids become essential in conveying the necessary information. Therefore the present study aims to assess the students' perspective about the use of AV aids in teaching anatomy.
Material and methods: The present cross sectional study was carried out involving 189 first year MBBS students. The students were asked to put forth their preferences for the different AV tools that would help them to understand the subject better. A questionnaire was therefore constructed accordingly and was distributed to the students at the end of the academic year 2013-14. The responses ranged from strongly disagree to strongly agree with a score of 1-5. The results were expressed in percentages and were tabulated.
Results and conclusion: The most common AV aid preferred was PowerPoint but the combination of aids was also suggested that would make an impact in effective learning. The present study not only assesses the effectiveness of the AV aids used in teaching Anatomy but also highlights the students' valuable opinions and ideas which could be implemented in future for active learning.


The study analyze the causal attributions of poverty in less developed countries in a sample of 1,092 undergraduates from Nicaragua, El Salvador, Chile and Spain. Statistical analysis showed the existence of three components which initially grouped the various causal attributions for poverty in developing countries: "Fault of the world economic structure", "Fault of fate, nature, cultural habits, and political misconduct" and "Fault of the developing countries' population". Five types of subjects were subsequently identified according to the type of causal attributions of poverty that the undergraduates had made and their country of origin, perceived social class, economic situation, political ideology and religious beliefs. The results obtained show that the causal attributions of poverty in developing countries are mainly influenced by the level of development in the country of origin of interviewees, their political ideology and their economic situation.


Objective To investigate the characteristics of intraocular pressure(IOP) distribution in different altitude populations and the effect of elevation on IOP,and provide the epidemiological data for prevention and treatment of glaucoma.Methods The cases from 20 years old to 50 years old in Beijing and Tibet were selected as research subjects.The study population who live in Beijing comprised 21 women and 35 men with a mean age of 33.1 years old.The Tibetan subjects comprised 25 women and 37 men with a mean age of 36.0 years old.The visual acuity,IOP,anterior chamber depth and fundus cup /disc ratio were examined.The 24-hour IOP was measured by noncontact tonometer.Based on the results of 24-hour variations of IOP in the right eyes,statistical analysis was used to compare the peaks,troughs and means of the diurnal IOP curve between above two regional subjects.Results For Beijing subjects,the peak IOP was(21.68 ±4.04) mmHg(1 kPa =7.5 mmHg),the trough IOP was(16.49 ±2.81) mmHg,and the mean IOP was(18.87 ± 3.20) mmHg.For Tibet subjects,the peak IOP was(14.24 ±2.84) mmHg,the trough IOP was(11.03 ± 1.38) mmHg,and the mean IOP was(12.50 ± 2.01) mmHg.The t test analysis showed that there were significant differences in peak,trough and mean values of IOP between these two regions(all P 0.01).Conclusion The values of IOP have significant differences between plains and plateau regions,and the plateau people have a lower IOP than the plains people.


The thermal degradation behavior of naturally aging Chinese fir was investigated using a STA 449 thermal analyzer. The Chinese fir with different natural aging times showed different pyrolysis behaviors. The longer the natural aging time, the lower the initial pyrolysis temperature of Chinese fir. The results of activation energy estimated by Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose (KAS) method and Flynn–Wall–Ozawa (FWO) method are almost the same. However, with the increase in natural aging time, the activation energy of fir is increasing. The suitable pyrolysis reaction model of nature aging—10 Chinese fir was attributed to the ''diffusion-Jander'' (D3) model. Furthermore, a nth order reaction model serves for nature aging—70 and nature aging—100 Chinese fir reaction mechanism.


Accurate crowd counting in congested scenes remain challengeable in the trade-off of efficiency and generalization. For solving this issue, we propose a mobile-friendly solution for the network deployment in high response speed demand scenarios. In order to introduce the profound potential of global crowd representations to lightweight counting model, this work suggests a novel crowd counting aimed mobile vision transformers architecture (CCMTNet), which strives for enhancing the efficiency of the model universality in real-time crowd counting tasks on resource constrained computing devices. The framework of linear CNN network interpolation structure with self-attention blocks endows the model with the ability of local feature extraction and global high-dimensional crowd information processing with low computational cost. In addition, several experimental networks with different scales based on the proposed architecture are comprehensively verified to balance the accuracy loss as compressing the computing costs. Extensive experiments on three mainstream datasets for crowd counting tasks well demonstrate the effectiveness of this proposed network. Particularly, CCMTNet achieves the feasibility of reconciling the counting accuracy and efficiency in comparisons with traditional lightweight CNN networks.


The present study is the first comparative study of some Trigonella species from Iran, reporting the seed protein content and possible use of SDS-PAGE profile of seed proteins in the Trigonella taxonomy. Quantitative analysis of seed proteins of the species and putative populations of Trigonella showed that content of proteins varied from 23.52 to 46.6% D.W. where the lowest protein content in T. monantha and the highest protein content in T. aphanoneora . The proteins content of seeds in most of the wild species of Trigonella was higher than that of T. foenum-graecum L. (29.93% D.W.). The electrophoretic patterns of seed proteins were compared for correct identification of the species. The electrophoretic profile varied among some putative populations of a single species. Overall, this study showed the quantitative and qualitative differences among the studied species and putaive populations. The values of seed protein electrophoretic profiles in the taxonomy of Trigonella species are discussed.


In a similar way to elsewhere in Eastern Europe, accounts of the political and economic transition in Hungary have, for decades, been dominated by right-wing and liberal perspectives. Having no fix...


This research was conducted from an anthropology narrative approach and based on semistructured conversation interviews with four Thai women who owned their own businesses and therefore were in a l ...


SUMMARY In an epidemiological survey from South India, 936 serum samples were tested for IgG against recombinant baculovirus-expressed VP6 proteins from human group A and group C rotaviruses. The overall seroprevalence for group A was 100% and for group C was 25·32% (95% CI 22·64–28·21). The lowest seroprevalence for group C was in children aged <10 years (16·79%). An age-related rise in seroprevalence in group C, but not group A, suggests different patterns of exposure. Seroprevalence was similar in rural and urban subjects, unlike the higher prevalence in rural subjects in studies elsewhere.


1. Hourly eosinophil counts were made in the afternoon on five students engaged in their final examination in operative dental surgery. Four showed a fall of more than 80 per cent; these were obviously anxious. In the fifth the count remained steady; he was unperturbed by the examination.

2. Similar counts on nine subjects performing routine operative dentistry and on nine subjects engaged in routine dental mechanics showed no constant downward trend and no fall greater than 35 per cent of the initial count.

3. The difference between the group under examination stress and the other groups was very highly significant.

4. It is concluded that the mental stress associated with a serious examination can produce a significant fall in the eosinophil count during the examination. A similar influence may be at work in some patients being subjected to medical investigations.


In this paper it is shown how the DRT (Discourse Representation Theory) treatment of temporal anaphora can be formalized within a version of Montague Semantics that is based on classical type logic.


Modulation-doped Ga0.47In0.53As/Al0.48In0.52As heterojunctions were grown by molecular beam epitaxy. Electron mobilities were measured at room temperature and 77 K as a function of undoped Al0.48In0.52As spacer layer thickness and sheet carrier concentration. Enhanced mobilities were as high as 10 900 cm2V‾1s‾1 at room temperature and 55 500 cm2V‾1s‾1 at 77 K in these samples with sheet carrier concentrations at 1 33 × 1012 cm‾2 (room temperature) and 1.26 × 1012 cm‾12 (77 K).


The authors report 5 cases of intestinal endometriosis which required resection. They review the pathological characteristics and attempt to define the while accepting that the indications for resection should be extremely limited from both gynecological and intestinal viewpoints.


In view of low separation factor of La(Ⅲ) and Ce(Ⅲ) in P204-HCl system,study was made of the effects of the feed solution acidity and citric acid(H3cit) concentration on the distribution ratio and the separation factor of La(Ⅲ) and Ce(Ⅲ)and the extraction capacity.The mechanism of the increase of the La(Ⅲ) and Ce(Ⅲ) separation factor was analyzed by FT-IR method.The experiment results showed that in P204-HCl-H3cit system,La and Ce distribution ratio and separation factor were lower with higher acidity but higher with higher citric acid concentration,while RE element extraction capacity was increased with higher citric acid concentration.With acid concentration 0.25 mol/L and feed acidity pH=1.0,La and Ce separation factor was 4.1,and the maximum RE element extraction capacity was 24 g/L,which was superior to saponified P204-HCl system with the same acidity.


Presents the airport slot analysis model established using Universal Model Lanquage(UML) after the domain analysis of a berth assignment system and the explanation of customer's needs using the case diagram, the class diagram and the activity diagram, using the model of the berth assignment system unfolded and detailed, and The Berth Assignment System of the Airport Management Information System of Changle in Fuzhou City has been designed and developed using Universal Model Lanquage(UML), and concludes from test results the system possesses flexibility and adaptability; it can process incomplete information in original data to pledge that the pre assignment of berth works well; the berth automatic assignment and the berth dynamic monitoring can be achieved as well using the system.


With this issue we have taken over as editors of Language Testing from Charles Alderson and Lyle Bachman, who have been responsible for the last Ž ve volumes of the journal. Charles and Lyle have long been prominent in language testing as arguably the most in uential Ž gures in the Ž eld on either side of the Atlantic. They have applied their high standards of scholarship to the editing of Language Testing and enhanced its reputation as a leading research journal in applied linguistics. We express our great appreciation for their commitment to the task and the fact that we are inheriting a publication that is in such a good state. We also want to acknowledge Jay Banerjee, who has ofŽ cially been an editorial assistant employed by Charles but has made a much broader contribution to the editing of the journal than that title implies and, in the process, is emerging as a scholar in her own right. We thank her for all she has done and wish her well in her future career. The past Ž ve years have seen some signiŽ cant developments in Language Testing. One was the increase in issues from three to four per year, which has allowed more articles to be included in each volume with no diminution in the overall quality. Another innovation was the introduction of test reviews to complement the long-established reviews of books. So far, the test reviews have been an occasional feature of the journal but we hope that they will appear more regularly in the future. Both of the review editors, Dorry Kenyon and Antony Kunnan, have served the journal well and we look forward to working with them in the coming year. Finally, we are honoured to have been selected as the new editors of Language Testing and are excited by the challenge of continuing the record of excellence established by our predecessors. We invite colleagues in the international language testing community to contact us at any time with suggestions for enhancements of the journal.


A Study on Columbarium at `Iraq al-Amir in Jordan The amount of new archaeological data has increased in recent years at `Iraq al-Amir and it seems timely to consider columbarium, though we are still waiting for the further light regarding `Iraq al-Amir. The columbaria were constructed for the cultic purpose to worship the goddess of Aphrodite, Sumerian Inanna(Ishtar), Greek deity of love, beauty and fertility, and Syrian Atargatis, which was the main protagonist for the sex cult in the ancient Near East. Though scholars suggest the Caves of Tobiah were dated between sixth and second centuries BC, columbaria in regard to Aphrodite worship seem to be before the third century BC by Tobiah family at `Iraq al-Amir. Columbarium is related to doves and the cultic practice for the goddess of Aphrodite-Atargatis.


The hydrolytic kinetics of p - nitrophenol acetate (NA) catalysized by zinc (II) complex of 6 - (2' - hydroxyl - 3',5' - dibromo) - benzyl -1,4,8,11- tetraazacyclotetradecane has been studied. It was shown that the catalytic hydrolytic rate was of first - order to both zinc (II) complex and NA concentrations.The second-order rate constant kcat= 0. 12mol-1·L·s-1(298K, I = 0. 10, 0. 02mol·L-1 tris buffer). This is one of the most efficient hydrolytic metalloenzyme model compounds reported up to now. The present results show that coordinated phenolate can serve as a new nucleophile that effectively catalyzes the hydrolysis of NA.


Based on documentation method and normative analytical method,and follow the approach of consumer protection law,in order to laid theoretical basis for the legal regulation of football match product consumption. Professional football matches should be considered as spiritual products which are provided to football fan by the operator,so football matches possess the legal character as a " product",the fans who buy tickets to watch matches constitute the football consumption legal relations with football operator,and this football consumption legal relationship should be the regulation of consumer protection law. While specifically viewed,the legal relationship in the football match product consumption between football operator and fans include " security,fair trading and information providing",when the operator violates his obligations,the fans obtain the right to claim.


The paper examines postmodern techniques in modern advertising. The creative, game and multi-sense nature of contemporary advertising discourse corresponding to the theoretical concepts of postmodernism is marked. The author presents and analyzes examples of postmodern advertising. Conclusions are drawn on the effectiveness and popularity of non-traditional advertising content, as well as on its understanding and acceptance by modern user if the quality of its execution is high.


Body mass (BM) and body mass index (BMI) are often used as proxies for biological standard of living, and in medicine to identify weight related health risks. In archaeology, BM estimation was applied to early hominines (Ruff u. a. 1991; McHenry 1992; Grine u. a. 1995; Auerbach/Ruff 2004), but only exceptionally to individuals from agricultural populations (Ruff u. a. 2006). The present study applies four BM estimation formula based on femoral head to a systematic collection of medieval populations (4th–15th c. AD ) from Central Europe (33 series, 1349 individuals with known sex and age, i.e. 718 males, 631 females). The comparison of the estimations indicates the span of possible errors and shows the most plausible solution, given by the combination of BM estimation after Auerbach/ Ruff (2004) and stature estimation after Pearson (1899). The mean body mass of males in medieval times was 71 kg, of females 59 kg, mean BMI was 25.5 resp. 24.5, which indicates a good standard of living. The results are differentiated among age groups, social groups and periods within medieval age. The mean BMI increased significantly from early to late medieval times by 1.0 (♂) resp. 1.1 (♀), which was caused by a reduction of mean stature of 3.2 cm (♂) resp. 2.9 cm (♀). Comparison of BM, stature and BMI demonstrates a higher standard of living for subadults in Early Medieval time compared to 8th to 15th century. Different social groups within adults, as indicated by the early medieval grave goods, show no significant differences in BMI.


We study from a mathematical point of view a model equation for a Bose–Einstein condensation, in the case where the trapping potential varies randomly in time. The model is the so-called Gross–Pitaevskii equation, with a quadratic potential with white noise fluctuations in time. We prove the existence of solutions in 1D and 2D in the energy space. The blow-up phenomenon is also discussed under critical and super critical nonlinear interactions in the attractive case.


Background: Post-stroke depression is common among both stroke survivors and their caregivers. This secondary data analysis explored the effect that stroke survivor and caregiver family function an...


When creating a satirical image Russian writers of the 19th century involved reception biographical parallelism. Pushkin, Belinsky, Herzen and other masters of the personal journalism in their satires, pamphlets, parodies disclosed traitors, informers, literary speculators. At the same time facts from the biographies of real people, subjected to reproof, were set out on a material of other biographies, often unreal characters. Thereby it was achieved a satirical effect and a way to avoid clashes with censorship. Keywords : biographical parallelism, satirical genres, personal journalism. Stanko Alexander Ivanovich - Ph.D. of linguistics, professor of journalism history dpt. of Institute of philology, journalism and cross-cultural communication of Southern Federal University. Phone: (863) 243-39-51.


Background. The use of innovative tools in various spheres of Ukraine's tourist system, including in particular its branding, will provide new development opportunities in the context of the global pandemic COVID-19. Analysis of recent research and publications has shown that the problems of formation Ukraine's national tourism brand require systematic comprehensive research despite scientific interest and practical necessity. The aim of the article is to substantiate the peculiarities of reframing concept (from English reframe – to do over, to change) of tourism branding on the basis of the holistic approach. Materials and methods. The portfolio tools and methods of scientific research such as analysis, synthesis, analytical researches; systematization, decomposition and generalization were used to substantiate the concept of the national tourist brand of Ukraine, structuring of the process of tourist brand formation, descriptors identification of the brand semantic model. Results. Scientific hypotheses about the correlation between the share of problem loans in the total volume of issued loans and the ratio of individual macroeconomic indicators of the country's development were suggested; their empirical testing was carried out. The range of proposals, based on the results of this study, was developed. It included restriction of high-risk balance and off-balance banks credit operations; introduction of the mechanism for mandatory stress testing of credit risk, taking into account key indicators that characterize the level of global misbalances; establishment of a direct relationship between the level of credit rating of the country and the degree of credit activity of its banks; establishment by the mega-regulator of the critical value of the ratio between the volume of financial assets and GDP; determination of tight credit risk standards, etc. The implementtation of these proposals will stabilize the situation in global financial markets. Conclusion. The generated national brand is a means of increasing tourist interest in Ukraine and a prerequisite for the tourist flows growth. The national brand value is not only in the feasibility to create a positive image, increase the benefits of activities in global, regional and national markets, but also in strengthening the country's position at the international level. Global economic asymmetries in tourism are not homogeneous, therefore new impulses and new quality of tourism can be obtained through the development of the tourism branding concept, which depends on the socio-economic and cultural impact of the tourist destination, its attractiveness to potential tourists and export-oriented development model of tourism.


In this paper, a new failure model that explains the plasma-induced damage (PID) involving two wells is described. Contrary to common explanation that the larger wells discharge and damage devices in smaller wells, we propose that the damage is caused by an imbalance of the "RC" associated with each "well system". The victim gate can reside in either the large or small well. This RC imbalance model is supported by the results of various test patterns designed in a 0.13um BCD (Bipolar-CMOS-DMOS) process using NBL (N-type Buried Layer). New design rules have been developed based on the test pattern results.


SUZANNE BERGERON Helen Mataya Graves Collegiate Professor of Women's Studies and Social Sciences at the University of Michigan-Dearborn. Her current research traces the implications of using efficiency arguments to achieve equity goals in various areas of development policy while examining the possibilities for fostering community and solidarity economies in these contexts. She has been a member of the Association for Economic and Social Analysis since 1986 and is also a member of the Community Economies Research Network and the Women on the Verge Collective.


The paper presents an understanding of the problem of an expansively developing information space as a factor influencing the socialization of school students. We give a characteristic of modern information space, analyze approaches to its study. Attention is paid to the consideration of the problem of the norm and the abnormal in school students' behaviour, the phenomenon of the influence of information space on the choice of models of behaviour by children and teenagers, and also we made an assumption about a transformation of the notions of social norm and behavioural abnormality in virtue of an increasing influence of the mass media on the formation of a school student's personality.


Clay-brine process employing activated clay, NaCl, HCl, and HF as raw materials is the primarily advanced technology to synthesize cryolite in the present industrial grade. However, plenty of byproducts of fluorine-containing waste HCl at the concentration of about 10%~12% could not be utilized comprehensively and are even hazardous to the environment. This work proposed a new two-step technology to prepare inorganic polymer flocculants polyaluminium chloride (PAC) from synthetic cryolite mother liquor. Many specific factors such as the variety of aluminide source, reaction temperature and time, reagent ratio, and manner of alkaline addition were taken into consideration and their influences on the performances of produced PAC were discussed. It was found that synthetic cryolite mother liquor could react with bauxite and calcium aluminate directly to prepare cheap PAC, with plenty amount of water insoluble CaF2 and CaSiF6 produced as well. However, once HCl was introduced into synthetic cryolite mother liquor as well as by utilizing bauxite as aluminide source and sodium aluminate as adjusting basicity agent, the resultant PAC would dissolve out higher amount of aluminum while producing little amount of water insoluble materials. The coagulation behavior of the specially produced PAC could even match the industrial grade PAC conforming to national standard.


The utility model discloses radio frequency communication equipment which comprises a cavity, a cover plate and a signal transmission rod, wherein the signal transmission rod penetrates through the cavity or penetrates through the cover plate and then a circuit board and is connected with a signal transmission point of the circuit board through a connector. Through the radio frequency communication equipment provided by the embodiment of the utility model, an improvement scheme is disclosed in allusion to the connection manner of the circuit board and the signal transmission rod so that the influences on the structure and the function due to the relative position error between the signal transmission rod and the signal transmission point of the circuit is eliminated and the favorable contact between the signal transmission rod and the signal transmission point of the external circuit board of the radio frequency communication equipment can be ensured.


The fans' turbulence is a negative result in the modern athletics,which is a troublesome social problem that many countries should face together,and this behavior have brought some bad consequences for social civilization.Using the methods of the documentary materials,constructed a model for the dynamic process of fans' turbulence,and proposed some preventive and controlling countermeasures.


At present,the confronting problems of financial audit work of state-owned enterprise are complicated,and seriously restrict the development of enterprise.But in financial practical work,the developing of the financial audit work of state-owned does't run smoothly,and does't give full play to the basic role in monitoring and service.With such serious situation,we must perfect and develop the internal audit work of state-owned enterprise.


Referring to the Congress' given theme, "The importance of place", the authors present thirteen architectural designs from the beginning of the 20th century until today – both unrealized and built – all of which have been extracted from the Atlas of 20th Century Croatian Architecture scientific project. Either conceptually or through realization, the architects of these projects have articulated the architecture of the given site through a design expression that has rejected the current evaluation criteria and canons, thus profiling itself through an individual effort of reading the contextual and historical strata of "place". Through the course of history, the presented projects have gradually been established as lasting treasures of the Croatian built heritage.


The proposed topic is consequential from the much larger consumer behaviour disciplines, over which ample research has been previously been conducted. However, a precise aspect of the science that is impulsive conduct has been in the shadows. Thus, the topic aims to shed light on the phenomena known as impulsive comportment and whether or not it can be used to trigger impulsive procurements from clients. The research is aimed at 2 aspects of product that can be used to study this initiating phenomenon a) Packaging of the product b) Placement at the market place. A literature review of the little work already done in this field will be conducted whereas primary data will also be gathered to further clarify and defend any claims made. The study will help, not only in adding to the field of consumer sciences of this particular Asian region but it will also help in capitalizing numerous opportunities on the departmental store front as it is one of the fastest growing sectors of the country, making the findings of this discipline of key importance to various venture capitalists as well as existing business. Furthermore, the study will also add to the field of marketing and segmentation relations with reference to packaging as well provide an insight to e-commerce application with reference to placement sciences.


Calcium represents an esential nutrient in the homeostasis of human body, especially for obtaining a normal bone mass. It is found in 99% in the bones and teeth. Amount of the bone calcium is approximately of 450 g at the age of 9-10 years and reach to 600-700 g between 18-20 years. Currently, it is a clear relationship between bone density obtained in adolescence and the appearance of osteoporosis at young age (non-physiological), arguing that it becomes a pediatric disease.


Consider the need for and characteristics of the process of Europeanisation of administrative law of Ukraine as a European-style development of legal thinking and practice of the European law-making and enforcement activities of the public administration. It is proved that in this direction Ukraine has not passed the proper way, that is connected with the strong influence of the negative legacy of the post-Soviet administration. It is shown that the Europeanization of Ukrainian law related to both the assimilation of the achievements of the European Union and the Council of Europe achievements in their interaction and mutual influence It is proved that the concept of «Europeanization» of administrative law (as the law in general) is much broader than adapting, because Europeanization involves not limited to the formal inclusion of the law "European-style" (although this is also important) in the national legislation of Ukraine and persistent implementation of European style legal thought and European practice of law-making and enforcement of public administration, construction, distribution and institutionalization of formal and informal practices, rules, procedures and standards that are recognized and implemented in the processes of public administration of the European Union and the Council of Europe, given the role of social self-organization and influence return links to management decisions. Denies the concept of Europeanization without European integration, because it is aimed at preservation of post-Soviet state of public administration and administrative law in Ukraine.


Going concern audit opinion is moditifikasi audit opinion with a going concern, because the auditor has doubts about the company's ability to maintain the viability of its business, This is information that is important for investors to invest in these companies,. The purpose of this study is to empirically examine the influence of financial condition, the size of the company, debt default, the reputation of the hood, lag audit and audit opinion the previous year to the going concern audit opinion garment and textile companies listed on the Stock Exchange Period 2008- 2014. This study uses financial condition, company size, debt default, the reputation of the hood, lag audit and audit opinion the previous year as the independent variable and going concern audit opinion as the dependent variable. The sample used is a garment and textile sector companies publish annual reports during the observation period in a row (2008-2014). The analysis method used is quantitative analysis, including descriptive statistical analysis, logistic regression analysis, and analysis of the model goodness. Test results, financial condition (financial distress), company size, and debt defaults negatively affect the going concern audit opinion. The audit opinion the previous year positive effect on the going concern audit opinion. Based on the test results show that show that the financial condition variables, firm size, debt default, the reputation of KAP, audit lag, and previous audit opinion is able to explain the going concern audit opinion by 62.3%. Key words: profitability, company size, business risks, opportunities for growth, property management, asset structure, institutional ownership, capital structure.


Males of two breeds of chickens, Single Comb White Leghorns (SCWL) and broiler-type, were fed rations containing eight levels of added mercury from methyl mercury dicyandiamide (0.0, 0.33, 0.66, 1.32, 2.64, 5.29, 10.58, and 21.16 ppm Hg) from hatching to 8 weeks of age. Samples of heart, kidney, breast, and liver tissues were taken at the end of the 8-week growing period and their mercury content was determined. The growth rate of the broiler-type chickens was depressed with the three highest levels of dietary mercury, but the growth rate of the SCWL was influenced only by the highest level of mercury. The dietary mercury level did not affect feed efficiency, although the widest feed-to-gain ratios were obtained with both breeds of chickens fed the highest dietary mercury level (21.16 ppm). Except for the broiler chickens fed the highest level of mercury, dietary mercury had no effect on mortality. The mercury level of the four tissues increased with increases in dietary mercury. The highest levels of mer...


The aim of this study was to define axes from clearly identifiable landmarks on the proximal aspect of the humerus and to compare these for reasonable best alternatives to the use of the humeral canal and elbow epicondylar axes to define a humeral coordinate frame (HCF). The elbow epicondylar axis (EC) and six different humeral canal axes (HC) based on varying lengths of humerus were quantified from 21 computed tomography (CT) scans of humeri. Six additional axes were defined using the proximal humerus only. These included a line from the center of a sphere fit on the humeral head to the 3D surface area centroid of the greater tubercle region, (GT). The inclinations of these axes relative to EC were calculated. GT was found to be the most closely aligned to EC (13.4° ± 6.8°). The inclinations of the other axes ranged from 36.3° to 86.8°. The HC axis orientation was found to be insensitive to humeral shaft lengths (variability, within average: 0.6°). This was chosen as one of two axes for the HCF. It was also the most inter-subject related axis to EC with inclination standard deviation of ±1.8°. EC was therefore predicted from this such that if the superior axis [1 0 0] of an image scan is maintained and the humerus rotated to make its quantified HC align superiorly in the direction [0.98 0.01 0.01], then its EC axis lies laterally in the direction [0 0 1]. This study demonstrates that it is possible with confidence to apply an orthogonal coordinate frame to the humerus based on proximal imaging data only.


Some people might have a cat, a dog, or a bird in a cage as their pet. But what about owning over 100 exotic birds?


Knee osteoarthritis is a common joint disease and one of the leading causes of disability. The disease is characterized by loss of articular cartilage and bone remodeling. Tissue deformations eventually lead to joint space narrowing which can be detected from plain radiographs. Joint space narrowing is typically measured by an experienced radiologist manually, which can be time consuming and error prone process. The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a fully automatic joint space width measurement method for bilateral knee radiographs. The knee joint was localized from the x-ray images using template matching and the joint space was delineated using active shape model (ASM). Two different automatic joint space measurement methods were tested and the results were validated against manual measurements performed by an experienced researcher. The first joint space width measurements were done by binarizing the joint space and measuring the local thickness of the binary mask using disk fitting. The second method classified bone pixels to tibia and femur. Classification was based on the ASM delineation. Nearest neighbors between femur and tibia were then used to find the joint space width. An automatic method for tibial region of interest (ROI) selection was also implemented. The algorithms used in this thesis were also made publicly available online. The automatically obtained joint space widths were in line with manual measurements. Higher accuracy was obtained using the disk fitting algorithm. Automatic Tibial ROI selection was accurate, although the orientation of the joint was ignored in this study. An open source software with a simple graphical user interface and visualization tools was also developed. Computationally efficient and easily explainable methods were utilized in order to improve accessibility and transparency of computer assisted diagnosis of knee osteoarthritis.


(75) Inventor: Christopher J. Heiberg, Sunset (57) ABSTRACT Beach, CA (US) Techniques for providing singularity escape and avoidance Correspondence Address: are disclosed. In one embodiment, a method for providing LEE & HAYES, PLLC control moment gyroscope (CMG) attitude control singular 421 W. RIVERSIDEAVE., SUITE 500 ity escape includes calculating a Jacobian A of a set of control SPOKANE, WA99201 (US) equations, calculating a measure of closeness to a singularity, and comparing the calculated closeness to a threshold value, (73) Assignee: THE BOEING COMPANY., when the calculated closeness is less than or equal to the Chicago, IL (US) threshold value, recalculating the Jacobian A. Recalculating may include determining a new direction of virtual misalign (21) Appl. No.: 11/735,145 ment off and Y, recalculating the Jacobian inputting the new direction of the virtual misalignment, recalculating the mea (22) Filed: Apr. 13, 2007 Sure of closeness to a singularity, and comparing the measure O O of closeness to the threshold value. Further, the method may Publication Classification include calculating a gimbal rate command if the of closeness (51) Int. Cl. is greater than the threshold value and generating a torque B64G I/28 (2006.01) from the gimbal rate command to control the attitude of a GOIC 9/04 (2006.01) satellite.


The medical device (1) for performing and / or monitoring of a medical procedure with a patient's blood with a blood treatment unit (20) is treated in an extracorporeal circuit, with a plurality of microprocessor units (11a-11f) for carrying out and / or the monitoring of the medical procedure, each with suitable actuators (26; 31, 32, 33) or sensors (27a, 27b; 28a, 28b; 34a, 34b) are connected . with a connecting the microprocessor units (11a-11f) CAN data bus (10), wherein at least a first of the microprocessor units in the first regular time intervals the data packets (40) having a first identifier (41, 41a) via the data bus (10) in broadcast mode, sends selectively to a first group of the other microprocessor units and wherein at least a second of said microprocessor units in the second regular time intervals the data packets with a second identifier via the data bus (10) in broadcast mode sent selectively to a second group of the other microprocessor units, which is different from the first group.


A rapid hybridization method using graphene oxide and highly sensitive 1,1′-oxalyldiimidazole chemiluminescence (ODI-CL) detection was developed from an understanding of the chemical and physical interactions between single strand DNA (ssDNA) molecules and nanoparticles (e.g., multi-walled carbon nanotubes, graphene oxide, gold and silver nanoparticles). The efficiency of hybridization between mutated ssDNA and a complementary probe conjugated with TEX615 was dependent on four different variables: pH, temperature, incubation time, and properties of nanoparticles capable of capturing excess complementary probes remaining after the hybridization. A critical problem observed when mutated ssDNAs rapidly bound with complementary probe-conjugated TEX615 was that three different types of possible mismatched ssDNAs also slowly and competitively hybridized with complementary probe-conjugated TEX615. The problem was solved upon addition of three different types of complementary probes, not conjugated with TEX615, in the solution because mismatched DNAs hybridize with their complementary probes while mutated ssDNAs bind with complementary probe-conjugated TEX615. The new hybridization method using graphene oxide and ODI-CL detection quantified trace levels of mutated ssDNAs in a sample containing mismatched ssDNAs within 15 minutes without any interference from mismatched ssDNAs.


MSMEs are one of many industries that have been impacted by the Covid-19 pandemic that has swept the globe, particularly in Indonesia. Since the Covid-19 virus was declared a pandemic two years ago, MSMEs have seen a significant drop in turnover. In addition to MSMEs' adaptation and creativity, the development of MSMEs undoubtedly necessitates government help to assist enterprises in surviving and competing in the contemporary era. The goal of this study was to look at the government's role in establishing MSMEs in light of the COVID-19 pandemic's socio-economic changes. Descriptive qualitative approaches were used, as well as data gathering techniques such as observation, interviewing, and documentation. According to the findings, the government has aided the development of MSMEs by, for example, providing assistance through people's business loans, simplifying business permits, lowering the percentage of income taxes, and providing business assistance; however, during the pandemic, rules such as social distancing, activity restrictions, and operating hour restrictions have resulted in a decrease in MSME income. Providing support/intensive aid to MSMEs is still critical, and using technology as a digital marketing medium is a way to stay afloat in the face of societal changes that limit outside operations.
Keywords: MSME, developing, social changes, Covid-19 pandemic


The speed-regulating system for control of the slip vector conversion of the asynchronous motor powered by the current inverse transformer is introduced. The structure and principle of the system are discussed in detail.