Introduction: Background: Functional heartburn as a term has changed in meaning over the years. The most recent definition was introduced based upon Rome IV criteria, as typical heartburn symptoms in the presence of normal upper endoscopy findings (including normal biopsies), normal esophageal pH testing, and a negative association between symptoms and reflux events. Functional heartburn is very common, affecting women more than men. The majority of GERD patients respond to 4-8 weeks of proton-pump inhibitors therapy but up to 40% will demonstrate partial or complete lack of response. This defines the refractory group. 24 hr-impedance pH is the current gold standard for diagnosing all GERD types including acid and non-acid reflux. Symptom index is used as an adjunctive diagnostic tool to link symptoms to specific reflex events. Aim: The aim of the study is to review and reclassify functional heartburn patients using impedance pH. Methods: Retrospective chart review of patient who continued to have GERD symptoms despite being on antisecretory therapy. We reviewed impedance pH studies for adult patients (>18 years old) between 2012-2018. Only patients with refractory symptoms were included. Data including esophageal acid exposure, number of reflux episodes (acids and non-acid), symptoms index and upper endoscopy findings (including esophageal biopsies) were collected. The data was reviewed and classified based on reflux events and symptom index. Cut off for abnormal of reflux episodes was 48, counting both acid and nonacid episodes. All patients were studied while on PPI therapy , once or twice a day. Am J Gastroenterol 2018; 113:S1535–S1543; doi:10.1038/ajg.2018.323


Christian Kielland first demonstrated his obstetrical forceps as early as 1910, and published his classic paper 6 years later. As inaccurate copies appeared, Kielland found it necessary to take out a patent on the instrument, in order to ensure that appropriately marked forceps complied with his specifications. Parry Jones (1952) describes several authentic modifications to Kielland's original design, including those of Zweifel ( 1926), Van Rooy (1929), Luikart (1937), Drosin (1941), Dexeus (1951), and Peterson (1952). The descriptions of all these modifications have been published, and they enhance the value of the instrument to the relevant authors. This does not, however, justify the continued appearance of instruments, s u p plied as "Kielland's forceps", whose design deviates markedly and dangerously from the original pattern. Such instruments can cause considerable damage to fetal and maternal tissues when used according to accepted technique.


The experimental to treat cauldron bottom residue of antibiotic was researched by using 2.2 L+1.7 L supercritical water oxidation pilot-plant-scale reactors.The effect of reaction temperature,reaction press,reaction time,and different oxygen concentration was analyzed.The result showed that when the reaction temperature is 525 ℃,the pressure is 24 MPa,the reaction time is 90 s,the steps stirring removal rate of COD can reach 99.86%.Effluent water quality can meet the national wastewater-discharging standard.The reaction mechanism and phenomena of reaction heat in SCWO were discussed.


Diagnostic imaging plays an important role in patient care and management. Particularly in the procedural setting, the likelihood of a patient receiving some form of perioperative imaging is high. Therefore, the anesthesiologist should be familiar with the various available radiologic tools, their proper utilization, and the common imaging findings. These diagnostic imaging techniques allow clinicians the opportunity to gain insight into a patient's unique anatomy and, based on these findings, prepare for a more appropriate patient-centered course of treatment based on these findings. Thoracic radiology is an extensive subject with a long list of potential pathology that can occur within the chest. In this chapter, the authors' goal is to review the more routinely used imaging modalities (radiography, computed tomography, and ultrasonography) while focusing on some of the most common diseases, disorders, and defects of the thorax encountered by anesthesiologists during their daily practice. These include abnormalities of the airways, lungs, pleura, vasculature, and esophagus.


It was shown previously that the spectral sensitivity of luminosity/H1 ‐type horizontal cells (HCs) in carp retinae reflects the absorption spectrum of red‐sensitive cones for long wavelengths but can appear highly variable and'truncated'in the short‐wavelength region of the spectrum. We have found that light‐adaptation sharpened the red‐sensitive spectral peak and decreased the blue/red response amplitude ratio (B/R ratio), mainly by decreasing the response to short‐wavelength stimuli. The adaptation effect was more pronounced for red background light than for blue. During dark adaptation, the B/R ratio increased steadily. Exogenous dopamine (DA; 5 μM) changed the spectral response profile in a similar way to light‐adaptation. However, the effect of light‐adaptation in reducing the B/R ratio was still seen in retinae bathed in 5 μM DA. This effect of background adaptation was also recorded in retinae bathed in 37 μM haloperidol, as well as in retinae pretreated with 6‐hydroxydopamine (i.e. DA‐depleted). The results suggest that (i) short‐wavelength‐sensitive cones play a dynamic role in determining the spectral response profile of H1 HCs and (ii) spectral response characteristics are modulated independently by exogenous DA and an unknown endogenous neuromodulator which is activated by light‐adaptation.


Despite advances in psychopharmacology, schizophrenia remains a severely disabling illness. It is now appreciated that cognitive impairment mediates the functional disability associated with the disorder. Cognitive remediation which is defined as "a behavioural training based intervention that aims to improve cognitive processes (attention, memory, executive functioning, social cognition or meta cognition) with the goal of durability and generalization" is a therapeutic approach that improves cognition and when combined with other rehabilitation strategies improves real world functioning (Wykes et al., 2011).


An earlier study showed that the tensile strengths of rubber samples were distributed in a doubly exponential curve. Use is made of this fact and recently published statistical concepts in setting up a more reliable criterion for the acceptance of a rubber compound based on the tensile strength. Further the number of determinations required can be judged, thereby reducing the amount of testing necessary. The equations and constants for three to six samples are given and the method of calculation illustrated so that comparable sets of figures can be calculated for other sample sizes. The calculations to find the proportion of samples meeting a fixed specification or tolerance range are included.


— Ten plant communities containing bitter nightshade {Solanum dulcamara) were studied and the ecology and naturalizing relationships of bitter nightshade in central Utah area were investigated. Biotic and abiotic factors from each area were statistically analyzed. The data indicated that bitter nightshade was negatively correlated (P < 0.01) with perennial grass cover and positively correlated with tree overstory. Bitter nightshade reached its iiighest development in heavily .shaded areas. No other habitat factors correlated with the presence of bitter nightshade. This lack of environmental constraints along with bitter nightshade's bright red fruits, which are readily consumed bv birds, suggests possible reasons for the rapid and successful invasion of the plant into the Utah Lake area. Bitter nightshade {Solanian dulcamara L.) is native to Europe, northern Africa, and eastern Asia (Crossley 1974) and was probably introduced into North America as a contaminant in crop seed used by early colonizers. Since its introduction to North America, bitter nightshade has become widespread and has invaded new areas with great success. The rapid spread of bitter nightshade may be attributed to its ornamental appeal and cultivation as an ornamental since 1561 (Crossley 1974). Also, bitter nightshade's red berries are eaten by both mammals and birds (Martin et al. 1961. Crossley (1974) writes, 'The fresh berries are poisonous to most people and are fatal to rabbits, but some birds and wildlife eat them with impunity." Animals are probably the most effective method of dispersal for the plant's seeds in the wild. Because it is an important source of aglycone solasodine, which is used in the production of steroid hormones, bitter nightshade has been intensively studied (Gatty-Kostyal et al. 1963, Gauhl 1975, Kuznetsoua and Khazanov 1973, Mathe 1974, Mathe and Mathe 1972, Mathe et al. 1975). Although several studies of bitter nightshade have focused on the environmental factors affecting the concentrations of alkaloids, few studies have been conducted concerning the naturalization and ecology of bitter nightshade. The few studies that have been conducted on bitter nightshade have been mainly in Hungary and Poland (Bernath and Tetenyu 1978, Clough et al. 1979, Gauhl 1975, Horvath et al. 1977, Nga et al. 1976). No reports are known from North America. Horvath et al. (1977) stated, "In spite of the fact that the natural occurrence of morphological and chemical taxons of this species have been analyzed in great detail, exact experiments to discover its relationship with the environment are hardly known." The purpose of our study is to better understand the naturalization and ecology of bitter nightshade in central Utah. Materials and Methods Ten sites were selected depicting representative communities in central Utah in which bitter nightshade occurs (Fig. 1). At each site a 10 x 10 m study plot (0.01 ha) was established and 20 0.25 mquadrats were placed at regular intervals across the plot. The study plots were delineated by a 40.0 m long cord with loops every 10 m for corners. The corners were secured by steel stakes. Variation in slope, drainage, erosion, and exposure were kept to a minimum. Density and frequency of all plant species encountered within the plots were determined from the quadrat data. Cover values were also estimated for each species as suggested by Daubenmire (1959). Soils were sampled from the top 20 cm of the soil profile in each plot. Three samples 'Department of Botany and Range Science, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602. 'Department of Geography, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah. 84112.


When the discipline of communication was established,the structural functionalism,represented by Colombia School,was chosen as the research paradigm instead of that stood for by Chicago School.Despite Colombia School's little advantage on theory and method,its theoretical outcome could be more easily used by ideology,its quantitative method could provide the evidence in an easier way for the authorities to make the decision,and its research paradigm could be used more easily to define the boundary of communication discipline and bring more resources for it.Therefore,Schramm,who was eager to lay the border of the professionalism of communication,chose Colombia School without too much consideration.However,this choice has led to the dilemma that communication is not only highly controlled by ideology,but also formed as a very conservative and closed disciplinarity.All this has contributed to the doubt of the legality of communication discipline since 1970s.


ABSTRACT Volunteer-based open-source production has become a significant new model for the organization of software development. Economics often pictures this phenomenon as a case of signalling: individuals engage in the volunteer programming of open-source software (OSS) as a labour-market signal resulting in a wage premium. Yet, this explanation could so far not be empirically tested. This article fills this gap by estimating an upper-bound composite wage premium of voluntary OSS contributions and by separating the potential signalling effect of OSS engagement from other effects. Although some 70% of OSS contributors believe that OSS involvement benefits their careers, we find no actual labour-market premium for OSS engagement. The presence of other motives, such as fun of play or altruism, renders OSS contributions too noisy to function as a signal.


This paper discusses simply the distributing engineering geological character of expasive rock roadbed in Nanningkunming railway and engineering disease,and discusses synthetieahy remedy measurements in being for expansive rock foadbed and roadbase.By engineering practise,this paper also studies the remedy methods towards expansive rook roadbed and roadbase diseases in Nanningkunming railway,and sums up more feasible methods. HZ


The recreational open spaces, within the residential urban fabric in the cities of Iraq in general and in Mosul in particular are suffering from being neglected because of their weak activities, mentioning to their low efficiency of occupancy. Therefore, there is an urgent need to study some of their urban properties, including the physical and spatial configuration, and its impact on their occupancy. Most of previous studies on this specific urban spaces didn't mention the impact of such physical and spatial factors on its efficiency. This research studies the effect of the physical and spatial configuration on occupancy of recreational open spaces within the residential urban fabric, on the efficiency of their functional performance, positively and negatively, by conducting a series of analysis and the use of certain techniques, such as the (Space Syntax), classification of urban squares based on spatial organization, as well as an on-site survey of the users, which would be taken up in the practical part of this research through the election of a number of open recreational spaces of different residential urban fabric in Mosul.


The paper deals with homogenization of the generalized Poisson–Nernst–Planck problem stated in the disconnected domain composed of solid and pore phases. The nonlinear cross-diffusion transport equations are coupled with the Stokes flow model. At the interface between two phases, field variables are discontinuous allowing jumps, and nonlinear interface conditions describing electro-chemical reactions are taken into consideration. The first-order asymptotic corrector corresponding to the non-periodic interface data is derived rigorously and justified by residual error estimates within the homogenization procedure.The paper deals with homogenization of the generalized Poisson–Nernst–Planck problem stated in the disconnected domain composed of solid and pore phases. The nonlinear cross-diffusion transport equations are coupled with the Stokes flow model. At the interface between two phases, field variables are discontinuous allowing jumps, and nonlinear interface conditions describing electro-chemical reactions are taken into consideration. The first-order asymptotic corrector corresponding to the non-periodic interface data is derived rigorously and justified by residual error estimates within the homogenization procedure.


We describe a patient presenting with a myxoid liposarcoma of the lower thigh in whom an episode of acute pericarditis indicated the recurrence of widespread metastatic disease.


An unofficial modification to the U.S. Army's ACQUIRE v.0 range performance model is presented. This modification allows a two-parameter atmospheric transmission model to be invoked at the user's discretion that more accurately represents broad-band atmospheric transmission. Calibration of the two-parameter model to MODTRAN7 predictions for several standard atmospheres in different LWIR and MWIR wavebands is performed. Evaluation of differences in range prediction between Beer's Law and the two-parameter model is done.


1. Witt vectors were introduced in [ii] (see bibliography t the end of the paper), and served the purpose of constructing unramified p-adic fields with preassigned residue fields; they entered the theory of analytic groups through the extensive use made of them in [7], [8], [9]; and they have now entered the field of algebraic geometry via analytic groups (see [3] or [4]), and also directly as in [10]; they play an essential role in some work still in progress (see introduction of [5]). The reason for the introduction of Witt vectors in algebraic geometry is in part the same which led to their discovery, namely the need of building a ring of characteristic zero from one of positive characteristic, but mainly the fact that truncated Witt vectors afford examples of periodic group-varieties, in the sense of [1]. Both reasons have a specious element in them, in that there is no a priori assurance that other, inequivalent, constructions would not accomplish the same purpose, or perhaps lead to more detailed results. A heuristic argument against this supposition is however offered by the fact that another construction, the hyperexponential vectors introduced in [6] for applications to the theory of analytic groups, turned out to be equivalent to Witt vectors, the specific transformation law being given in [8]. In this note we propose to show that any periodic group-variety of dimension n and period p is isogenous to a group-variety constructed by means of Witt vectors, so that the use of these, for the purposes described above, will remain fully justified. We recall briefly the definition and first properties of Witt vectors as given in [11]. Let p be a prime number, and let (x0, x, be an ordered set (Witt vector), either finite or countably infinite, of indeterminates; for each i, set g(x) _,---o PXI[zo, ...],


Apart from a few countries, such as France or Japan, nuclear power programmes have been winding down, if not grinding to a halt, everywhere. Concerns about safety and nuclear waste management are two of the main reasons for this. Moreover, because of the START 1 and 2 agreements, large stocks of plutonium from nuclear weapons – about 260 tonnes in the former Soviet Union and the US – need to be tendered useless for military purposes.


RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: The goal of the article is to identify the most significant factors that influence the general trends towards the new dimension of university-business partnerships. THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: The authors state that modernization processes are essential for social development based on two paradigms: the new paradigm of development policy and the knowledge-based economy paradigm. Authors based their assumptions on the rational choice theory, as well as network institutionalism. The preliminary results of the research were based on 23 individual in-depth interviews with representatives of research institutions, universities and entrepreneurs' associations, in four cities in Poland (Cracow, Poznan, Warsaw, Wroclaw). THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: The new goal of development policy is not only the growth of GDP per capita, but also the raise of living standards. Many of the premises are planted in the modern understanding of global economy, based on knowledge-based economy paradigm, according to which the key ability is to implement research into service and production processes (Blaszczyk et al., p. 70), and university-business partnerships might be the right instrument to achieve that to a greater extent. RESEARCH RESULTS: On the basis of the preliminary research results presented in the article the authors have come to the conclusions that there are three specific levels, within which processes of social change take place, in case of university-business partnerships: 1. culture/customs, 2. legal regulations, 3. access to financial support. CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS: The processes of social change in the context of the new paradigm of development policy have already started – there is a significant need of each of the actors to undertake cooperation, as it is a prerequisite of innovative growth. However, the conditions to start it are not yet sufficiently developed. Hence, there is a strong recommendation that the course of development policy was strongly based on the creation of improved conditions for cooperation.


The utility model discloses a glass wallpaper composite board which greatly prolongs the service life of the wallpaper, enhances the decorative effect and rigidness of the wall paper and is particularly suitable for decorative boards for fixed buildings, bathroom suites and bidets and swimming pool facilities. The glass wallpaper composite board is composed of a glass layer and a surface pattern layer, and a transparent or semi-transparent adhesive layer is arranged between the glass layer and the surface pattern layer.


As a vital product of the contemporary society, advertisement has drawn much attention. The advertisers pay much attention to language strategies for the sake of leaving impression on the audience within limited time and space. Among a lot of different linguistic rhetorical devices, pun is seen as the most important one. It has been many years since advertising languages were studied. Many scholars studied it from different expects. Pun has also been studied from a variety of angles. However, those studies were almost limited to its definition, features, classifications and rhetoric effects, and less attention has been paid to the application of puns in field of advertising. Thus, the purpose of the paper is to show how people understand puns in advertisements more effectively.


The evolution of global energy supply chains leads to a raw material change in the chemical industry. Despite this change, the value added chains of the chemical industry have to keep up their output of the manifold of high quality products desired by the customers. C1 chemistry in combination with suitable conversion technologies yielding olefins and aromatics will play the key role in mastering that challenge. New chemical value added chains have to be developed and assessed, resulting in an increasing importance of conceptual process design. All this will take place in what Ghemawat has called the World 3.0, a globally linked but regionally diverse world. This diversity creates further challenges for process design in the chemical industries. A systematic concept to address these challenges is given here, including strategies for optimization and decision support.


To assess how seasonal and ice-associated whales differently respond to the Arctic climate changes, understanding the relationships among their presence and environmental conditions is necessary. We examined the seasonal acoustic presence of fin Balaenoptera physalus and bowhead whales Balaena mysticetus in relation to prey abundance and oceanographic conditions in the southern Chukchi Sea from July 2012 to July 2014 using passive and active acoustic methods. Oceanographic conditions obtained were water temperature, salinity and sea ice concentrations. Fin whale calls were detected from summer to fall, only in ice-free and high prey abundance period. Moreover, the call-detected period was longer in 2013 than 2012. In contrast, bowhead whale calls were mainly detected from fall to winter and in spring, during ice-free and ice-covered periods. The call presence of bowhead whales overlapped less frequently with that of fin whales in fall 2013 than 2012. The reason for the differences in their acoustic presen...


Quasi-cyclic (QC) codes are a wide class of error-correcting codes possessing nice theoretical properties and having many practical applications. This paper provides a new approach to the problem of efficient encoding of QC codes based on the Chinese remainder theorem (CRT). We present a fast systematic CRT-based encoding algorithm that has superior asymptotic complexity than the previous methods based on shift registers. We also consider the encoding problem for QC low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes. In the special case when the parity part of a sparse parity-check QC matrix has a QC generalized inverse we propose a systematic CRT-based encoding algorithm that can exploit the parity-check matrix sparseness. We also give necessary and sufficient conditions when a QC matrix over an arbitrary field has a QC generalized inverse of the same circulant size.


A strategy of combining physical embedding and covalent crosslinking was developed to encapsulate cysteamine-capped quantum dots (QDs) into agarose hydrogel microbeads (AHM). Cysteamine-capped QDs were encapsulated into the pores of agarose hydrogel microbeads by virtue of hydrogen bonding between the amino groups of cysteamine and hydroxyl groups of agarose, resulting in more than 6.0 × 107 QDs per microbead. Polyethylenimine (PEI) and oxalaldehyde were then introduced to form a covalently crosslinked network to further stabilize the encapsulation. The resulting hybrid hydrogel microbeads exhibited high doping capacity and negligible QDs leakage, and enabled optical multicolor barcoding.


Three soybean varieties belonged to different maturity group were treated with low temperature (15℃, 15/10℃ and 17/12℃) at blooming stage. The results showed that early maturity variety Aldana could stand at the low temperature (17/12℃), while later maturity variety Jinlin 29 endurance to low temperature was worse at blooming stage. The increase of one seed pod and decrease of three seed pod and the numbers of pod per plant led to reduction of the numbers of grain per plant. The constant low temperature at blooming hinded podding and seedfilling of soybean seriously.


John Martin (1789–1854), the most successful English painter of his day. His sublime pictures earned him a high reputation in the first half of the 19th century, but in his own time he was better known as great illustrator. His engravings are a remarkable phenomenon in English book drawing. The subject of the article is an English tradition of co-relation between literature and fine arts founded by William Hogarth (1697–1764) in the 18th century. The engraving to "Family Bible" by John Martin is analyzed as a continuation of that tradition in the 19th century. Both artists perceived the process of transferring of painting in engraving as possibility to provide additional details, substitute the reading for the work of art on perception of values and concepts in a broader sense and ambiguity. The article discusses not only the problems associated with the rethinking of the value of English artist for the art process of 19th century and talking about the phenomenon of the universality of John Martin's talent, but also outlines some of the ways for future research.


INTRODUCTION Physical exercises including abdominal (tummy) exer cis s are therapeutic and recreational (NICE, 2006;  Government plan, 2009; Committee on Obstetric, 2002 ; Olinda , 2005) It promotes good health, improves healing, increases immunoglobulin functions, preven t diseases in healthy individuals and has been foun d to reduce the overall risk of cancer, prevent bowel ca ncer and reduce the risk of breast cancer in women after menopause (Evidence of impact, 2004; Why be active? , 2009; Exercises, 2009 ; Magnuson et al, 2004; Magnuson et al,2004; Mark 2009) Exercises is used by physiotherapist in medical reh abilitation and by physical health educationists in sports and recreational act ivities.


A couple of weeks after the World Trade Center collapsed outside the windows of my office, I called my bank in San Antonio. As the customer service representative reviewed my account information, she noticed that I live in New York. "How are y'all?" she asked in a voice that suddenly grew warm. I wasn't too good. I had been home in Brooklyn preparing to leave for work when the jets struck the Trade Center. All day, I sat listening to the emergency vehicles rushing across the Verrazano Bridge toward Manhattan. In the morning, we woke to the smell of the fires burning in the rubble seven miles away. This Texan's kindness made my eyes sting. Struggling to regain my composure, I thanked her and said that New Yorkers were amazed by the outpouring of sympathy over our disaster. I observed that New York was rarely treated with so much kindness by the rest of the country. The history lesson did not appear to interest her. "You're in our prayers," she said as she hung up. It is hard to imagine a Texan shedding a tear for New York City one hundred years ago. William Gibbs McAdoo knew what he was doing when he left the city after twenty years of practicing corporate law and established his political base in California. On arriving for the Democratic Convention at Madison Square Garden in 1924, he denounced New York as "this imperial city . . . [this] seat of that invisible power represented by the allied forces of finance and industry . . . reactionary, sinister, unscrupulous, mercenary, and sordid." Many McAdoo supporters saw another grave threat in the millions of immigrants who lived in the city. M. H. Dunlop's Gilded City and Robert A. Slayton's Empire Statesman offer starkly contrasting views of New York City at the beginning of the twentieth century. Gilded City provides a portrait that is almost as negative as McAdoo's.The gap between rich and poor is so wide that the wealthy hardly


A three-dimensional finite element model combined with an optimization approach based on linear mixed integer programming is developed and applied to assist in the design of the dewatering system for the electronuclear plant to be built by the Italian Electric Agency (ENEL) in Trino Vercellese, northwestern Italy. The foundations site is encompassed by a 25- to 35-m deep plastic wall with the purpose of protecting the unconfined aquifer from the significant water table lowering required by the construction project. To reduce further the propagation of the depression cone a large amount of the water pumped out is reinjected through "ad hoc" recharge ditches. The finite element optimization model includes both the natural and the artificial constraints and provides several optimal withdrawal strategies for the dewatering system design concerning the distribution of the abstraction wells and the corresponding pumping rates. Physical and economical objective functions are explored and the related solutions are discussed.


The LANDSAT imagery was historically analyzed to determine the circulation and turbidity patterns of Kerr Lake, located on the Virginia-North Carolina border. By examining the seasonal and regional turbidity and circulation patterns, a record of sediment transport and possible disposition can be obtained. Sketches were generated, displaying different intensities of brightness observed in bands 5 and 7 of LANDSAT's multispectral scanner data. Differences in and between bands 5 and 7 indicate variances in the levels of surface sediment concentrations. High sediment loads are revealed when distinct patterns appear in the band 7 imagery. The upwelled signal is exponential in nature and saturates in band 5 at low wavelengths for large concentrations of suspended solids.


Software testing guaranteeing and improving the software quality becomes the main concerned point in the field.Test data generation effects software testing directly.The preconditions based on relation operators in formal specifications is used to generate test data.A test criterion for generating test data from set relation operators is proposed,and then an algorithm is developed that generates test data satisfying the test criterion.The test data generated by the algorithm can effectively detect errors in codes corresponding to the set relation expression.An example is given to illustrate the effect of detecting errors in codes.


This paper introduces the foundations of a new mechanical level of detail method dedicated to knitted
fabric simulation. This method consists as a reduction of the knitted cloth parameters number, decreasing
the configurations space dimension of the studied cloth. We stress the importance of the choice of an
efficient parameters reduction function in order to make the method usable. The consequences of this
reduction on the underlying equations of motion are then detailed. Finally, we present some numerical
results and animation snapshots that illustrate the advantages of this new level of detail scheme.


References 1. Elsharkawy H. Quadratus lumborum block with paramedian sagittal oblique (subcostal) approach. Anaesthesia 2016; 71: 241–2. 2. Shaaban M, Esa WA, Maheshwari K, Elsharkawy H, Soliman LM. Bilateral continuous quadratus lumborum block for acute postoperative abdominal pain as a rescue after opioid-induced respiratory depression. Anesthesia and Analgesia Case Reports 2015; 5: 107–11. 3. Børglum J, Jensen K, Moriggl B, L€ onnqvist P, Christensen A, Sauter A. Ultrasound-guided transmuscular Quadratus Lumborum blockade. British Journal of Anesthesia 2013. http://bja. oxfordjournals.org.ep.fjernadgang.kb.dk/ forum/topic/brjana_el%3B9919 (accessed 15/02/2016). 4. Hansen CK, Dam M, Bendtsen TF, Børglum. Ultrasound-guided quadratus lumborum blocks: definition of the clinical relevant endpoint of injection and the safest approach. Anesthesia and Analgesia Case Reports 2016; 6: 39. 5. Kirchmair L, Entner T, Wissel J, Moriggl B, Kapral S, Mitterschiffthaler G. A study of the paravertebral anatomy for ultrasound-guided posterior lumbar plexus block. Anesthesia and Analgesia 2001; 93: 477–81. 6. Karmakar MK, Li JW, Kwok WH, Soh E, Hadzic A. Sonoanatomy relevant for lumbar plexus block in volunteers correlated with cross-sectional anatomic and magnetic resonance images. Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine 2013; 38: 391–7.


Caution should be taken in considering immunoelectrofocusing (IEF) as the best method for the diagnosis of alpha-1-antitrypsin (A1AT) deficiency, particularly in some population, including Sardinians, in which a M-like variant represents the most frequent pathological A1AT variant. Regarding the future, my opinion is that the algorithm generally suggested for reaching a proper diagnosis of this disease should be completely changed. The cut-off of the A1AT serum values should be reconsidered, not to avoid the diagnosis of a number of heterozygous subjects who may be affected by liver and/or lung disease. Given that the two A1AT alleles are co-dominant, and since A1AT is a phase acute protein, in all heterozygous PiMZ or PiM/M-Cagliari subjects carrying an inflammation, the M allele is induced to produce high quantities of A1AT, whose serum levels may reach normal values. In these cases, PCR serum levels should be evaluated and, when increased, the diagnosis of A1AT deficiency should not be excluded even in the presence of serum A1AT levels within the normal range. Gene sequencing should be included, on the basis of our experience, in all neonates and pediatric patients with liver or lung disease of unknown origin, including asthma, avoiding IEF. Finally, for a screening in the perinatal period, I suggest the accurate examination of the electrophoresis of serum proteins. With a similar new approach, I think that we will transform A1AT deficiency from a rare disease into a previously rarely diagnosed disease, changing completely the epidemiology of this complex and fascinating metabolic disease.


COVID-19 has already had a significant influence on our everyday lives and with the influx of patients infected with the newer emerging variants there arises a need for a quick, accurate, and remote mode of identification. Cough sounds can play a vital role in the identification of COVID-19 in individuals. They can be used as an important factor to determine if the person is infected by COVID-19 or not, even with the prior existence of a respiratory ailment. Hence, we focused on providing a widely accessible and scalable solution through the method of a real-time mode of detection of the "COVID cough" via a machine learning model trained "COVID cough" recorded dataset. Based on the input, the person is provided with the diagnosis after being assessed by the model.


The combination of two-dimensional materials in the form of van der Waals heterostructures has been proved to be an effective approach for designing electronic and optoelectronic devices. In this work, we investigate the electronic, optical, and photocatalytic properties of vdW heterostructures based on BlueP, SiC, ZnO, and g-GaN using density functional theory. We find that all the g-GaN based vdW heterostructures are energetically and thermally stable at room temperature. The g-GaN–BlueP and g-GaN–SiC heterostructures show indirect bandgaps with the type-II and type-I band alignments, respectively, whereas the g-GaN–ZnO heterostructure shows a direct bandgap with type-II band alignment. Furthermore, the absorption coefficient is also calculated to understand the optical behavior of these hetrostructures. Our results demonstrate that the lowest energy transitions are dominated by excitons, and the blue shift is also observed in these hetrostructures. The g-GaN–BlueP, g-GaN–SiC, and g-GaN–ZnO vdW heterostructures possess outstanding optical absorption in the visible light. The g-GaN–P shows the highest absorption intensity of 10 5 cm − 1, which is larger than that of g-GaN–SiC and g-GaN–ZnO vdW heterostructures by three times. These findings demonstrate that these vdW heterostructures are promising candidates for water splitting in the visible light region. Moreover, the heterostructures also show good response to the photocatalytic properties at pH = 0 and pH = 7.


Multivariate Behrens-Fisher Problem is a problem that deals with testing the equality of two means from multivariate normal distribution when the covariance matrices are unequal and unknown. However, there is no single procedure served as a better performing solution to this problem, Adebayo (2018). In this study effort is made in selecting five different existing procedures and examined their power and rate to which they control type I error using a different setting and conditions observed from previous studies. To overcome this problem a code was designed via R Statistical Software, to simulate random normal data and independently run 1000 times using MASS package in other to estimate the power and rate at which each procedure control type I error. The simulation result depicts that, in a setting when variance covariance matrices S1 > S2 associated with a sample sizes (n1 > n2) in Table 4.1, 4.2, 4.5, and 4.6, shows that, Adebayos' procedure performed better but at a sample sizes (n1 = n2 and n1 < n2) Hotelling T is recommended in terms of power. For type I error rate where robustness and nominal level matters we found that under some settings none of the procedure maintained nominal level as revealed in Table 4.11 and 4.15. The results presented in Table 4.9 to 4.16 shows that when nominal level matters Krishnamoorthy came first, followed by Adebayos', Yaos', Johansons' then Hotelling T were recommended in the sequentially under the settings used in this study.


In the United States, during the year 1924, more deaths between the ages of 10 and 14 were due to heart disease than to any other cause. 1 The prevalence of cardiac disease has been generally increasing, so that it is now the principal cause of death. Hence, a survey of the heart conditions in a group of more than 10,000 children is worthy of consideration. This report is based on the examination of all pupils in ten public schools of Philadelphia. The purpose of the survey was to investigate the incidence, the morbidity and the prophylaxis of organic heart disease in the children of these schools. The procedure of this survey, as pursued to completion in each school, might be divided into four steps. Briefly stated, these steps were as follows: First, an examination was made of all the available children. This was followed by a reexamination of those


Weinvestigate theoretically theperformance limits fornonlinear all-optical switching devices incorporating photonic crystals. Duetodispersion significant performance enhancement areachieved onlyinmaterials combining highnonlinearity, high index contrast andhigh damage threshold. ©2004 Optical Society ofAmerica OCIScodes: (190.4360) Nonlinear optics, devices (200.4660) Optical logic Eversince theoriginal inception oftheidea ofthephotonic crystal (PC)ithasbeenrecognized as thepotential mediumofchoice fortheall-optical andelectro-optical devices suchasswitches and modulators. Thisacknowledgement isbased uponunique combination oftransmission anddispersion properties inthevicinity ofthephotonic bandgap (PBG)inPC- asharp change ofthetransmission accompanied bysubstantial reduction ofthegroup velocity. Ifatleast oneofthematerials comprising PC happens tobenonlinear, thelight canbeusedtocontrol either amplitude orphase ofphotons inPCand thus enable all-optical switching ormodulation. A large number ofschemes (1-3) havebeenproposed to exploit these opportunities, but, duetothedifficulties associated with fabricating high quality PC'satthe present time, mostoftheworkremained onthetheoretical level. While werecognize that thefabrication issues still remain themainfactor limiting theperformance ofPCnonlinear devices, spectacular progress achieved intherecent years with somewhat similar PCfiber structures lets usbelieve that innot-so-distant future thefabrication issues will beresolved. Oneshould thenaskaquestion -howtheperformance of ".perfect" nonlinear PCdevice will belimited byfactors other than loss? Ithaslong beenrecognized that forhigh-speed devices theperformance will bemostseriously impaired bystrong group velocity dispersion inherent toPC.However, tothebest ofourknowledge, there hasbeen nocomprehensive study connecting three maincharacteristics ofnonlinear switches -size, speed andpower with thematerial parameters ofPC - index contrast, optical damage threshold, andnonlinear index. Inthis letter weperform comparative analysis oftwoclasses ofnonlinear switches utilizing PC'sanddevelop simple expressions fortheir bit- rate limitations.


Abstract Fipronil is a new insecticide being trialed in baits for control of introduced social wasps (Vespula spp.). The efficacy of fipronil was compared with sulfluramid (Finitron® wasp bait). In a laboratory bioassay, fipronil was faster acting and equally as toxic at concentrations over 1000 times lower than sulfluramid. Doses of 0.2 mg of fipronil active (0.2 g of bait when used at 0.1%) were sufficient to reduce colony activity by 90%. Trials in a 300‐ha site in beech forest used a single poison operation, without prefeeding, and bait stations in either a 50 × 50 m or 100 × 50 m grid. Use of fipronil reduced colony activity within the treated area by 99.7%, whereas sulfluramid had minimal effect on colony activity. Some foragers reinvaded the treated blocks after treatment with fipronil, but wasp densities remained below estimated ecological damage thresholds for vulnerable invertebrates in this habitat. Baiting in lines resulted in variable control of nearby colonies. Despite the low doses of fipronil needed to kill colonies, low bait attractiveness may limit the success of control operations using fipronil in some situations.


We consider halo formation in continuous beams oscillating at natural modes by inspecting particle trajectories. Trajectory equations containing field nonlinearities are derived from a weighted polynomial expansion. We then use perturbational techniques to further analyze particle motion.


Yixian is an important tourism location in the Huangshan and Anhui Province, its major and famous travel activity is to visiting the ancient villages. However ,in the recent years, the increase degree of tourism income and the number of tourist is dropping, especially in some special year. At the same time, there are some problems in tourism management?propaganda? exploitation?service of ancient village tourism, and there are some restricted factors in the sustainable development of tourism. To optimizing tourism product structure, Yixian decide to develop rural tourism greatly, and to achieve a goal of becoming "The First County of Rural Tourism in China " . According to the development background, condition, and characteristics of tourism of Yixian, this paper put forward the aim,strategy and method of rural tourism in Yixian .


As a kind of computer aided translation method, Interactive Machine Translation technology reduced manual translation repetitive and mechanical operation through a variety of methods, so as to get the translation efficiency, and played an important role in the practical application of the translation work. In this paper, we regarded the behavior of users' frequently searching for words in the translation process as the research object, and transformed the behavior to the translation selection problem under the current translation. The paper presented a prediction model, which is a comprehensive utilization of alignment model, translation model and language model of the searching words behavior. It achieved a highly accurate prediction of searching words behavior, and reduced the switching of mouse and keyboard operations in the users' translation process.


As the legal procedure of public law,public interest litigation and administering of law both have their own advantages.Public interest litigation has the advantages of procedural justice and democracy while the administering of law is more efficient.The administering of law,together with the administrative litigation,is the universal procedure of public law.Public interest litigation is an important supplement to and supervision of the administering of law.


identity. Some of these accounts are tainted in different respects. Others register an awful authenticity. A common theme is that both in Java and in Bali Communist-inspired, classbased challenges to establish order, especially in agriculture, had generated an intensity of hate and fear by October 1965 which the Armed Forces leadership found easy to exploit. Most of the accounts tend to deal with the prelude to the killings than with the sanctioned blood-letting as such. Two translated sets of articles in the newspapers Indonesia Raya and Sinar Harapan provide first-hand, chilling experience of journalists visits to a village in Central Java which was subject to a violent purge in the late 1960s. The problem with this volume is that it is unable to satisfy the intellectual curiosity which it arouses. In his introduction, Robert Cribb points out that ' We know surprisingly little about the massacres which followed the 1965 coup attempt' (p. 3). He explains fully the difficulties which stand in the way of access to information which does not lie completely buried in Indonesia. But it is most unlikely that new sources will become available as long as the government in Jakarta, which contributors to this volume see as the political beneficiary of the killings, continues to exercise power.


Skin diseases are a significant cause of morbidity in chronically immunosuppressed patients, in this case organ transplant recipients. Four major categories of skin lesions can be identified: side effects of immunosuppressive agents, various types of infection (viral, fungal, bacterial or protozoal); premalignant or malignant skin lesions and miscellaneous skin conditions. Our aim was to report the experience of the Department of Dermatology, "Hospital de Agudos Dr. Cosme Argerich", where we dedicate special attention to pre and post-transplant patients who come from our own hospital and from other transplantation centers. We have studied 257 patients, who were organ transplant recipients, between 1995 and 2003. Ninety percent of them had cutaneous manifestation of immunosuppression.


The first movers in network effect market enjoy the first-mover advantages. However, through proper strategy, late comers still hold a chance to win the competition. I divide the consumers into 5 categories (active rational, passive rational, active non-rational, passive non-rational and sheep herd) and simulate the market with multi-agent modeling method. Through analyzing the interactions between these consumer groups, I find that the active non-rational group is the most important consumer group for the late comers--late comers should focus on attracting this group first so that they may compete with the first movers. In support of my study, I also provide case studies of China's blog service market and China's online game market.


An examination of traditional output measures—circulation, reserve, in-house use, and reference transactions—from the Association of Research Libraries (ARL), California State University, State University of New York, University of Maryland, and other libraries reveals declines that may be deeper and more widespread than previously reported. This trend is evident against a background that includes (1) continuing increases in the cost of periodicals, (2) searching for a new paradigm, and (3) the emerging virtual library.


Detail analysis on a fault of main fuel pump is made in this article,which points out that limit of the fuel temperature change ratio is critical to prevent thermal weary from devices,and a method on how to modify the distheavy fuel transfer control sequence is given..


In this article,establishes the error model based on the actual error measuring method and uses the function of extended external mechanical offset on Fanuc CNC system and FOCAS development kit to verify the error model.The result shows that this method can improve the precision of CNC machine tools effectively.


Plasma-screening effects are investigated on hydrogen atoms embedded in weakly coupled plasmas. In the present context, bound state wave functions are introduced related to the screening Coulomb potential (Debye model) using the Ritz variation method. The bound energies are derived from an energy equation, which contains one unknown variational parameter. To calculate the parameter numerically, fixed-point iteration scheme is used. The calculated energy eigenvalues for various Debye lengths agree well with the other available theoretical results. The radial wave functions and radial probability distribution functions are presented for different Debye lengths. The outcomes show that the plasma affects the embedded hydrogen atom.


We have investigated the usefulness of preferential partial acetolysis of the alpha 1 --> 6 linkages in establishing homogeneity and branching of the oligosaccharide. The ethyl ester of p-aminobenzoic acid has been used to derivative the reducing termini of intact carbohydrates. The HPLO is effective to separate the trace products of acetolysis. After determining the molecular weights using negative ion LSIMS, the branching can be characterized easily. using positive ion LSIMS The a 1 --> 6 linkages of isomaltooctaose have been determined satisfactory using the advanced acetolysis. The branching of an high mannose oligosaccharides isolated from IgM have been determined at micromole level.


Remarks on eblaitischen conjugation system and its se-mitistischer relevance are most likely to be fruitful for the Old Testament scholarship. Unfortunately, the eblaitische conjugations morphologie must be developed primarily of conjugated elements in personal names: only here is specially before syllabic letters; context, however, also conjugations are almost exclusively played sume-rographisch. if the character of the Hebrew "present perfect" confirmed as an original Nominal conjugation by another ancient Semitic language, the Hebrew "Perfect" is the so-called. The systematic consistency of eblaitischen conjugation seems for the time being small. A morphological standardization missing about when the 3.Pmsg is realized in three different ways or if infirmae appear in the PK of verbs III Thematic next lexical vowels. So spread the available evidence on different "dialects"? What does this term at this early stage of language? Incomplete is also the symmetry of the paradigm, if a clear opposition between the phoneme system of AK and PK is not formed after Barth's law. Keywords: Barth's law; eblaitischen conjugation; Old Testament; morphological standardization; lexical vowels


Local cultural inheritance has a far-reaching significance in carrying forward city spirit. With investigation on the learning situation of local fine traditional culture for Shaoxing city youth, and analysis of reader activities in local libraries, this article puts forward a new mode to transmit local fine traditional culture among teenagers—a trinity of " family-school-public cultural institution". Meanwhile, it points out that library' s function as a public cultural institution should be strengthened, so as to make it an important way to carry out local traditional culture education for teenagers.


Phase equilibrium and light scattering experiments were performed on a three-component system consisting of polystyrene (PS), N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF, good solvent), and cyclohexane (CH, poor solvent). The interaction function χ was expressed in the form proposed by Einaga et al., i.e., χ=ξ12χ11b(φ1)+ξ22χ22b(φ2)+2ξ1ξ2χ12t(φ1,φ2), where χ11b is the interaction function for the binary system of DMF and CH, χ22b, that for the binary system of PS and CH, and χ12t a function describing the interaction of PS and DMF in the presence of CH, with φ1 and φ2 denoting the volume fractions of DMF and PS in the system, respectively, and ξi=φi/(φ1+φ2) (i=1, 2). χ11b was determined by the Renon-Prausnitz theory along with cloud-point data, χ22b was calculated by the empirical equation of Einaga et al., and χ12t was estimated from light scattering data using χiib (i=1, 2). With χ so obtained, binodals of the system at various temperatures on the triangular phase diagram were calculated and compared with those determined from cloud-point data. The agreement was only moderate. Reasons for this are discussed.


This study aims to determine the role of advocates in assisting defendants in complete systematic land registration fee embezzlement (PTSL), inhibiting factors. This research method uses an empirical juridical approach. The conclusion of this study is the role of advocates in assisting the accused of embezzling the complete systematic land registration fee (PTSL) at the Pati District Court, Decision Number: 13 / Pid.B / 2020 / Pn Pti, with the defendant I Subronto, S.Pd . Bin Ngaseri, Defendant II Muh. Gufron Bin Ahmadi, therefore, was sentenced to imprisonment for 6 (six) months each while defendant III Muhlisin Bin Matruri was sentenced to imprisonment of 5 (five) months. Inhibiting factors The role of advocates in assisting the accused of embezzling the complete systematic land registration fee (PTSL) at the Pati District Court, the number of witnesses presented by the Public Prosecutor in the trial was the Village Government of Alasdowo, Kec. Dukuhseti Kab.Pati who is involved in the PTSL Program, but in giving their testimony regarding the use of the PTSL application fee they seem not to know by covering up the real facts, There are no regulations governing the PTSL program in Alasdowo Village, Kec. Dukuhseti Kab. Pati, so it was difficult to present Expert Witnesses.Keywords: Legal Counsel, embezzlement, Defendant.


Abstract More information on the response of newly developed or introduced grain sorghum cultivare to split‐applied nitrogen (N) in semi‐arid rainfed agriculture is needed. Therefore, the influence of four split‐applied N schedules (100/0, 66/34, 50/50, and 34/66) on six American (SC 283, SC 274, SC 669, B 66181, SC 33, and RTam 428), and four West African (CSm 63, 1S 6704c, 1S 7173c, and 1S 7419c) grain sorghum cultivars was evaluated. The split‐applied N significantly increased grain yield and percent protein in grain sorghum over a one‐time application of N. The increase in yield and protein content varied among varieties and schedules of N application. Varieties SC 574, RTam 428, and Csm 63 at split‐applied schedules of 66/34, 50/50, and 34/66, respectively, gave the highest yield over one‐time application of N. Similar differences in percent protein in grain among cultivars due to split‐applied N were observed.


Abstract Composite laminates are in widespread use in the aerospace industry. As well as satisfying strength and stiffness criteria, the final laminate design has to be manufacturable in terms of compatibility between adjacent panels, thus introducing conflicting constraints on the allowed laminate stacking sequences. An attempt to automate the laminate design process is described in this paper. The method uses a mixture of a genetic algorithm and heuristics to satisfy the various design and manufacturing constraints. Multiple zones are allowed, where each zone defines a panel together with a set of applied loads. Guide laminates and a blending methodology allow each zone to share common plies. This creates ply continuity across the structure, and avoids the scenario seen in other laminate optimisation tools where each optimised zone contains unrelated laminates that are not practical from a manufacturing perspective.


Clinicians now have a new targeted therapy option for treating patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) who have received prior antiangiogenic therapy.


*International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, and **Department of Cardiology, Ospedale Maggiore, Trieste, Italy; †Department of Internal Medicine & Cardiology, Hospitals of the Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany; ‡Department of Cardiological Sciences, St. George's Hospital Medical School, London, U.K.; §Institut de Myologie, QDepartment of Cardiology, Q¶Lab. Génétique et Insuffisance Cardiaque, Association Claude Bernard, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpétriere, Paris, France


This chapter aims to explore the role of the hybrid reader-viewer-listener as the user of electronic literary projects that demand more complex interactions, including sophisticated ways to navigate. Rather than taking into account just the reader's role in decoding meaning and linguistic comprehension, the new-media-shaped literary text stimulates even more sophisticated reader response, addressing both software recognition and bodily activity. For such an approach, the use of new-media-shaped paratexts as the devices and practices that enable and facilitate one's orientation and navigation within new media contents is also essential. Interfaces, instructions, menus, statements, reviews, blog posts, and documentation belong to the new generation of paratexts, which broaden Genette's original concept relating to print-based literature.


The mutation breeding technology is the most efficient way for improving the ability of producing antibiotic.The breeding techniques of antibiotic-producing microorganisms including spontaneous mutation,ultraviolet mutation,microwave mutation,laser mutation and ion beam implantation mutation are introduced.


The construction of effective acousto-optical devices (light rays deflectors and modulators) requires excitation of optically transparent crystal of ultrasonic waves of subgigahertz and gigahertz bands in the volume. The theory of diffraction of light by ultrasonic waves gives extremely important output for practical applications the smaller the length of the ultrasonic wave, the more the light beam is deflected from its original direction. Bragg cell deflects the light beams with the amplitude that depends on the level of modulation of the refractive coefficient [1]. Modulation by ultrasonic wave, which is excited in optically transparent material of the cell by electro-acoustic transducer. According to the theory of Pockels, the value of the modulation of the refractive coefficient is directly proportional to the multiplication of the photoelastic constants and strains that are generated by the ultrasonic wave in the area of light beam passing. As the deflection angle of the diffracted light beam is inversely proportional to the length of the elastic wave, the efficiency of the acousto-optical cell is determined by the rate of change of the sign and the amplitude of the ultrasonic wave, which spreads in the volume of optically transparent material of the cell. As far as at the same frequency change of stress strain behavior sign the wave length of the shift is almost half the length of the longitudinal wave, then for the constructing of well functioning acousto-optical Bragg cell it is necessary to use the bulk shear (transverse) waves of sufficiently large amplitude gigahertz frequency range. In this paper it is formulated and solved the Lamb problem of excitation of axisymmetric spherical shear waves; shown the conditions of their effective excitation; presented and commented the results of model studies for the Z-cut of monocrystal of lithium niobate.


The invention discloses an all-cotton warp elastic fabric and a weaving method thereof. The weaving method comprises the following steps of: 1. winding warp yarn: twisting wrap yarn to reach super high twist; 2. shaping the warp yarn: steaming the warp yarn in a yarn steaming device with high-temperature steam; 3. warping: warping the warp yarn with single tooth single yarn; 4. weaving: leaving a space for the warp yarn to rotate left and right on a woven grey fabric by using high-twist yarn in two twisting directions; and 5. post treating: when the grey fabric fully contracts, drying the grey fabric with an ironing machine under a condition of no tension to obtain the all-cotton warp elastic fabric. By using the weaving method provided by the invention, a real all-cotton warp elastic fabric can be woven, and the method is clear in process and easy to operate.


Pb(Zr 0.6 ,Ti 0.4 )O 3 ~ PZT ! thin films are grown in situ on LaAlO 3 substrates by rf magnetron sputtering. The relationship between structural and optical properties is investigated as a function of growth temperature. The ferroelectric films exhibit satisfying crystallization with epitaxial growth from 475 °C. The optical refractive index value is 2.558, in agreement with the bulk value. The films show homogeneous structure and the squarelike shape of the index profile along with the PZT thickness suggests a good interface quality with the substrate. The crystallographic and optical properties measured on our films tend to demonstrate the suitability of in situ grown PZT films for optical applications. © 2003 American Institute of Physics. @ DOI: 10.1063/1.1610776 #


Wireless sensor networks represent a fascinating domain, with a wide area of applications in various environments. For this reason, in the world of wireless networks professionals, there is a major interest concerning the security issues in network communication and data flow between a sensor network and other types of intelligent devices. This paper proposes a new intrusion detection system approach for assuring the security of a wireless sensor network against malicious attacks. Our method relies on the huge potential provided by the mixture between software modules developed in low-level or high-level software languages with modules developed in powerful numerical-oriented software (Matlab/Simulink) to increase the accuracy of data processing. The main result of this paper is the implementation know-how for an intelligent mixed system that use both hardware and software resources for proofing a wireless sensor network.


The utility model relates to a corterra full-drawing filament draw winder, which comprises a heating, drawing and shaping part arranged in front of an installation panel and has three spinning hot roller groups, i.e. a first spinning hot roller group GR1 for heating a corterra filament tow at low temperature, a second spinning hot roller group GR2 for drawing and preliminarily heat shaping the heated corterra filament tow, and a third spinning hot roller group GR3 for further heat shaping the drawn corterra filament tow; the first spinning hot roller group GR1, the second spinning hot roller group GR2 and the third spinning hot roller group GR3 are sequentially arranged along a circulation direction of a filament; each spinning hot roller group is provided with a hot roller and a separator roller; and each hot roller is vertical to the installation panel. According to the corterra full-drawing filament draw winder, the equipment engineering configuration is reasonable, the drawing stress in the filament can be effectively reduced, the winding quality is improved, and the requirement of production process of high-quality corterra full-drawing filament is met, so that high-quality filaments can be produced.


The invention provides a flexible OLED device and a packaging method therefor. The flexible OLED device comprises a flexible substrate and an organic light emitting layer, wherein the organic light emitting layer is positioned on the flexible substrate; a first barrier layer is deposited on the organic light emitting layer; the first barrier layer comprises a first inorganic thin film layer and a second inorganic thin film layer; a buffer layer is prepared on the first barrier layer; and a second barrier layer is deposited on the buffer layer. The flexible OLED device is provided with the first barrier layer, the second barrier layer and the buffer layer; the barrier thin film structure is optimized, so that the flexible OLED device has a good water-oxygen-barrier performance; meanwhile, the flexible OLED display is lighter and thinner, and better in bending performance; and in addition, the service life of the flexible OLED display is prolonged.


By associating mobility with the unpredictability of social states, new measures of social mobility may be constructed. We propose a family of three state-by-state and aggregate (scalar) predictability measures. The first set of measures is based on the transition matrix. The second uses a sampling approach and permits statistical testing of the hypothesis of perfect mobility, providing a new justification for the use of the chi-squared statistic. The third satisfies the demanding criterion of "period consistency." An empirical example demonstrates the usefulness of the new measures to complement existing ones in the literature. Copyright 2001 by The London School of Economics and Political Science


Cyprinus carpio, Colossoma brachypomum and Tilapia nilotica were collected from fishpond of Hong Yan Company in Urumqi. Contents of heavy metal were measured for gill-liver, kidney and muscle of the fish studied. It was found that the accumulation of heavy metal in fish came from depositional heavy metal in algae of the fishpond. Plenty of heavy metal was accumulated in gill, liver, kidney of the fish, while the heavy metal contents in muscle were far less than the contents in other three organs of the fish. Detoxification was different between tropical species and Cyprinus carpio. In winter the detoxification of Cyprinus Carpio was less efficient than that of Tilapia nilotica and Colossoma brachypomum. The heavy metals were accumulated and transported to the muscle of Cyprinus carpio associating with the increasing pollution of the metals in the fish..


State-of-the-art optical atomic clocks have attained short-term fractional frequency stabilities in the low 10 range [1, 2]. This has been made possible thanks to improved performances of the clock lasers, which are pre-stabilized using ultra-stable Fabry-Perot (FP) resonators [3] Many of the last-generation optical clocks rely on frequency doubling via second harmonic generation (SHG) to produce the laser clock frequency [4, 5], where the pump laser used for SHG is stabilized to the ultra-stable FP resonator. It is therefore necessary to ensure that the SHG setup does not degrade the beam fractional frequency stability.


This paper presents the design of a robust controller for a variable speed induction motor drive. In the new scheme, the motor speed is controlled by regulating the motor slip using a sliding mode controller. The speed control system is implemented using two processors: a 32-bit transputer and a 16-bit microcontroller, where the main tasks of the speed control system are distributed between these two processors. The validity of the developed system is assessed by both simulation and experimental studies, under different operating conditions.


This paper proposes an embedded surveillance system for real-time anomaly intrusion detection based on temporal difference algorithm and theft items detection based on accumulated background subtraction algorithm. This design of modified vision algorithm fully utilize the advanced parallelism of Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) and this hardware implementation realizes time-consumed difference computing with on-chip FIFO and RAM memory. Finally, we fuse these two anomaly detection algorithms in one FPGA and select the algorithm type by user needs. As a result, the detecting validity and robustness of this implementation have been demonstrated through real-time surveillance videos.


Under the influence of the cyanobacteria (CB) of Fischerella muscicola, growth of F. culmorum, F. oxysporum, and F. poae was inhibited by 80, 95, and 25%, respectively. The number and length of CB strands in biofilm conditions increases by 2–4 times.


Motion energy harvesting is an ideal alternative to battery in wearable applications since it can produce energy on demand. So far, widespread use of this technology has been hindered by bulky, inflexible and impractical designs. New flexible piezoelectric materials enable comfortable use of this technology. However, the energy harvesting potential of this approach has not been thoroughly investigated to date. This paper presents a novel mathematical model for estimating the energy that can be harvested from joint movements on the human body. The proposed model is validated using two different piezoelectric materials attached on a 3D model of the human knee. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that combines analytical modeling and experimental validation for joint movements. Thorough experimental evaluations show that 1) users can generate on average 13 μW power while walking, 2) we can predict the generated power with 4.8% modeling error.


In this paper, humic acids from cumulic cinnamon soil with different fertilization treatment (no fertilizer, chemical fertilizer, corn straw and manure) for 17 years were used for studying the complexation characteristic with iron on the basis of studying the properties of the humic acids. The main results showed that complex ability of humic acid from organic material treatments (corn straw, manure) decreased comparing with that of chemical fertilizer treatment and no fertilizer treatment, which was caused by the low content of total acidity and carboxyl. Complex ability of humic acid may be affected by the factor of pH, temperature and ion strength. Complex stability constant (logk) increased as the pH rose, while decreased with the increase of ion strength and temperature. The complex reaction of humic acid with iron was an exothermic reaction


Dynamic polarizabilities are calculated for Na in its 3s 2S, 3p 2P and 4s 2S states with a time-dependent gauge-invariant (TDGI) method. Coulombic long-range interactions are deduced for various states of Na2 and compared to previous calculated and experimental results.


Septic invasion of the lateral sinus in its various forms is a comparatively rare complication of purulent otitis media. In view of the comparative thinness of the inner (cranial) table of the temporal bone, areas of which are often bathed with pus or infected exudates for long periods of time, one marvels that proportionately so few intracranial complications occur. Erosions of the inner (visceral) table of the temporal bone may occur at any point, but they are more commonly found in the tegmen and about the knee of the sigmoid sinus. Nevertheless, necrosis of the inner table, even when considerable areas of the dura over the sinus are exposed to the purulent process which invades the mastoid process, is not invariably followed by sepsis within its lumen. Erosions of the inner table, with exposure of the dura, are discovered with comparative frequency during the process of mastoid operations, with no


The preparation of 2-penten-1-yl and 3-methyl-2-buten-1-yl derivatives of adenine 2a,b, 7-deazaadenine 2c,d, 2-aminopurine 4a,b and 5a,b, 4-aminopyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine 7a,b and 7-amino-v-triazolo-[4,5-d]pyrimidine 8a–10a and 8b-10b is described. The synthesis of compounds 2a-d was accomplished by the functional group transformation reaction, whereas the synthesis of 4a-8a and 4b-8b was performed by the alkylation of the sodium salt of the heterocycles with alkenyl bromides. These alkenyl derivatives prepared as congeners of pentoxifylline (methylxanthine) were evaluated for their anti-tumor necrosis factor a activity in human monocytic leukemia cells. Only compounds 7a and 7b exhibited significant activity and a poor toxicity profile in this assay. In peripheral blood mononuclear cells, compounds 7a and 7b, inhibited tumor necrosis factor a production in a dose dependent manner.


or general anesthesia was used. The patient was positioned on a supine position, after preparing and draping under the sterile procedure, a urethral catheter has inserted the patient with 200-300ml saline into the bladder. Midline vertical incision about 10cm or Pfannenstiel incision was made. The bladder was gained after dissection of the rectus abdominus muscle laterally and exposing the space of retzius. After cystostomy, the bladder was better visualized and cauterization of median lobe borders was performed to protect the ureteral orifices and to prevent unwanted sequels; blunt digital enucleation was performed and 5 and 7 O-clock hemostatic 2-0 Vicryl absorbable sutures and other visible bleeding sites were performed. Three-way urethral catheter inflating 20-40cc and cystostomy catheter when needed was placedon the patient. The irrigation channel of the three-way catheter was connected to the normal saline for irrigation until the urine becomes clear mostly for 24 hours. The bladder was closed in double-layer fashion using 2-0 vicryl absorbable sutures. The drain was placed in the space of retzius. Standard traction was Abstract Objective: To propose the efficacy and safety of open suprapubic transvesical prostatectomy. Benign prostate hypertrophy (BPH) affects the majority of men in their life after the age of 40 years and is the most common cause of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Despite the popularity of transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), open prostatectomy remains suitable surgical options for the management in patients with benign prostate hypertrophy living in developing countries due to scarcities of endoscopic tools. Method: In May 2018 to January 2020, 24 cases of benign prostate hypertrophy underwent suprapubic transvesical open prostatectomy at Mogadishu Somali Turkey Reccep Tayyip Erdogan Training and Research Hospital. The outcome of these cases was prospectively analyzed. All patients with a suspect of prostate cancer, and abnormal coagulation profile and patients with a high-risk group (high-risk comorbidities) were excluded from the study. Result: The mean age of patients was 70.5 years with an age range of 50-90. The average prostate size was 146.5gr. Acute urinary retention was the predominant presentation followed by nocturia and urgency. The mean preoperative hemoglobin of the patients was 13.3±1.8 mg//dl. The average intraoperative bleeding was 550ml and the mean postoperative hemoglobin was 10.6±1.6mg/dl. The commonest postoperative complication was clot retention and the predominant concomitant condition was bladder stones. The mean hospital stay was 3.4±1.5 days. Conclusion: Open prostatectomy is safe and effective operative management for benign prostate hyperplasia in developing countries due to scarcities of endoscopic equipment and larger sizes of the prostate gland on presentation.


Thin films of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 (Bi-2212) with the non-c-axis (117) orientation were grown by MOCVD on (110) LaAlO3 single crystal substrate. XRD θ - 2θ scans show that films contain also (119) and (011)Bi-2212 impurity grains. We propose and report characterization of the non-c-axis films by XRD φ - ψ scans. By this approach, the assumed theoretical film-substrate relationship of the (117) Bi-2212 grains is demonstrated experimentally. The result also confirms twinning in the span rooflike (117) Bi-2212 grains. The impurity (119) and (011) Bi-2212 grains are also rooflike and in-plane aligned according to film-substrate relation and AFM images so that the film can be considered in-plane epitaxial.


This paper proposes a refined pattern recognition method of customer power load based on double-layer ISODATA clustering and SVM. Firstly., the outer layer rough classification of load is carried out. After combinations of various clustering and dimensionality reduction methods are comprehensively compared., it can be concluded that the iterative self-organizing data analysis clustering method (ISODATA) combined with principal components analysis (PCA) has the best effect. For the inner fine classification., this paper refines the classification of the outer layer with ISODATA combined with PCA. At the same time., compared with the traditional clustering method., the double-layer refined classification effect of this paper is better. Finally., the refinement index is brought into the original data to get the training data of pattern recognition. Compared with the common pattern recognition methods., Support Vector Machine (SVM) is the best.


The aim of this study is to find out the effectiveness and concentration of Pulai stem extract (Alstoniascolaris) upon the pest of Plutellaxylostella. This study was conducted in the Laboratory of Agriculture Faculty of Flores University in Ende. A completely random design was employed with five treatments, namely J0 (aquades), J1 (75 ml of Pulai stem extract concentration), J2 (100ml of Pulai stem extract concentration), J3 (125ml of Pulai stem extract concentration), J4 (150ml of Pulai stem extract concentration).The result of study reveals that extract of PulaiAlstoniascolaris stem was influential to the development of Plutellaxylostella pest in contact poison of J0 7,50%, J1 60,00%, J2 67,50%, J3 67,50% and J4 80,00%, while for repellant activity of J0 80,00%, J1 57,50%, J2 22,50%, J3 15,00%, and J4 15,00%, for belly poison of J0 00,00%, J1 57,50%, J2 72,50%, J3 75,00% and J4 80,00%. Extract of Pulai stem is the right plant which is effective to highest mortality of Plutellaxylostellapest, belly poison on80,00% of J4 treatment, repellant activity on 15% of J4 treatment, and contact poison on 70% of J4 treatment.


Objective: The objective of this study was to show the association of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) level with working hours in different age groups. Methods: We used data from Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey. The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of variables for elevated hs-CRP (>3.0 mg/L) were generated with logistic regression models. Significant variables were verified with an adjusted multivariate logistic model after stratification of age groups. Results: Working for more than 55 hours per week was associated with elevated hs-CRP level in the old-ages group (≥ 60 years old: OR 2.18, 95% CI 1.07 to 4.45). Working for 40 to 55 hours per week was associated with decreased hs-CRP in the young-ages group (OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.37 to 0.93). Conclusion: Working hours appear to influence the levels of hs-CRP in individuals aged older than 60 years.


PURPOSE: A service construction method and system thereof capable of offering an individual customized health product group are provided to supply an individual customized health product group by generating comprehensive information. CONSTITUTION: A user terminal(200) accesses a manager server(100) and registers individual information of a user through a user interface. The user terminal selects a plurality of products from the manager server and configures a product combination group. The user terminal receives the comprehensive information. A control module(120) transmits a result to the user terminal through the user interface.


This chapter focuses on two kinds of situations that go beyond discerning original meaning. One is when significant circumstances have changed since a legal standard was formulated; the other concerns certain basic conflicts or tensions between articulated standards and basic values, such as fairness between contracting parties and, more generally, fundamental concepts of justice and social welfare. Although changes in ordinary conditions can make the application of a standard much less fair than it was when originally formulated, much more troublesome for some statutes and many constitutional provisions are basic changes in social values. These can be perceived in terms of general cultural norms or what judges understand as a correct evaluation. For example, at the time of the Bill of Rights, capital punishment was an authorized penalty for all sorts of crimes. It is now viewed as constitutionally foreclosed except for very serious crimes and for especially threatening offenses.


1.1 Examples Let us consider a class in which 20 students study Algebra, 25 students study Probability and 8 students study both. If asked how many of the students study either Algebra or Probability, we just tend to add the numbers in both the subjects i.e. 20 + 25 = 45 But in this we have counted the students who have taken both the courses twice.So we need to subtract them once. Hence the solution is 20 + 25− 8 = 37 Clearly for two sets A and B union can be represented as : |A ∪B| = |A|+ |B| − |A ∩B| Similarly the principle of inclusion and exclusion becomes more avid in case of 3 sets which is given by : |A ∪B ∪ C| = |A|+ |B| − |A ∩B| − |B ∩ C| − |A ∩ C|+ |A ∩B ∩ C| We can generalize the above solution to a set of n properties each having some elements satisfying that property.


This article presents a wideband, energy-efficient digital transmitter (DTX) suitable for multi-mode/multi-band wireless communication applications. It features various operation modes comprising Cartesian (Modes-1/-2) and multi-phase (Modes-3/-4) configurations utilizing LO clocks with different duty cycle in the interleaving/non-interleaving configurations. The multi-phase operation compromises polar and Cartesian features by mapping the $I/Q$ signals into two non-orthogonal basis vectors with a 45° relative phase difference and a 3-bit phase selector scheme. The different operation modes are extensively analyzed and compared. Fabricated in a 40-nm CMOS process with an off-chip matching network, the proposed DTX occupies a core area of 0.72 mm2 and delivers 23.18-dBm RF peak power at 2.1 GHz from a 0.95-V supply voltage with drain/system efficiencies of 66.26%/52.59%, respectively. Utilizing a simple memory-less digital pre-distortion (DPD) for a 160-MHz four-channel 64-quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) signal, the DTX delivers an average $P _{\text {Out}}$ of 13.5/11.4/7.7/9.4 dBm, achieving an adjacent channel (power) ratio (ACL(P)R) of better than −42/−40/−40/−38 dBc and an average error vector magnitude (EVM) of −36/−34/−34/−32 dB, operating in Modes-1/-2/-3/-4, respectively. While transmitting a 200-MHz single-channel 256 (1024)-QAM OFDM signal at 2.4 GHz in Modes-1/-4, the average delivered output power is 14.11/9.29 (12.23/7.32) dBm with average drain and system efficiencies of 33.17%/26.3% (23.82%/22.83%) and 24.81%/22.85% (19.34%/18.81%), while the ACLR and EVM are better than −42/−41 (−43/−43) dBc and −34.6/−33.1 (−33.5/−33.9) dB, respectively.


The Austroads Guide to Traffic Management consists of 13 parts and provides a comprehensive coverage of traffic management guidance for practitioners involved in traffic engineering, road design and road safety. Part 9: Traffic Operations is concerned with the day-to-day operations that support the provision of road services to road network users. It introduces the concept of traffic operations as underpinning road user services, covers the major types of services provided and outlines the role of intelligent transport systems (ITS) in delivering these services. Part 9 provides guidance on the configuration and operation of systems, both ITS and manual, supporting traffic operations including network monitoring systems, incident management, traffic signal systems, congestion management, freeway/motorway management systems, traveller information systems and the like. This is the second edition of Part 9 of the Guide to Traffic Management. This edition incorporates a number of changes reflecting the latest practice throughout Australia and New Zealand. It includes enhanced material related to traffic signals, including phasing design, modal treatments, complex situations and an updated example of signal design. This edition also reflects advancements in systems and procedures for traffic control, including ramp metering, lane management systems, variable speed limits and variable message signs.


OBJECTIVE
The purpose of the study is to evaluate the relationship between HbA1c and severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) with acute COVID-19 infection.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We conducted a retrospective study using observational data from the National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C), a longitudinal, multicenter U.S. cohort of patients with COVID-19 infection. Patients were ≥18 years old with T2D and confirmed COVID-19 infection by laboratory testing or diagnosis code. The primary outcome was 30-day mortality following the date of COVID-19 diagnosis. Secondary outcomes included need for invasive ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), hospitalization within 7 days before or 30 days after COVID-19 diagnosis, and length of stay (LOS) for patients who were hospitalized.

RESULTS
The study included 39,616 patients (50.9% female, 55.4% White, 26.4% Black or African American, and 16.1% Hispanic or Latino, with mean ± SD age 62.1 ± 13.9 years and mean ± SD HbA1c 7.6% ± 2.0). There was an increasing risk of hospitalization with incrementally higher HbA1c levels, but risk of death plateaued at HbA1c >8%, and risk of invasive ventilation or ECMO plateaued >9%. There was no significant difference in LOS across HbA1c levels.

CONCLUSIONS
In a large, multicenter cohort of patients in the U.S. with T2D and COVID-19 infection, risk of hospitalization increased with incrementally higher HbA1c levels. Risk of death and invasive ventilation also increased but plateaued at different levels of glycemic control.


Discover library research tools to help you find articles, books, and other resources related to sociology Background information on sociology


The effect of fluorine inclusion on the amorphous silicon‐hydrogen alloys is studied by the measurements of G‐V and C‐V characteristics of MIS devices where S is such an alloy. It is found that fluorine is either eliminating deep gap states or adding new donor states, but there is no evidence for elimination of states closer than 0.2 eV to the band edges. The inclusion of fluorine does not significantly change the resistinity or the activation energy (102 Ωcm and ∠0.2 eV) of amorphous films heavily doped with phosphorus. The very low values for the resistivity and the activation energy (≲10−1 Ωcm and 0.02 eV) reported for silicon‐hydrogen‐fluorine alloys are associated with the crystallization of these alloys.


Background. Improving the quality of medical care is based on a coordinated policy at the federal, regional and municipal levels in the field of health. The implementation of this goal is based on a regular assessment of the current state of the healthcare system in the Russian Federation.Objective. Our aim was to analyse of the main indicators characterizing medical care for children with cancer in the South Federal District.Methods. The operative reports for 2017 of the executive authorities in the sphere of health protection of 8 subjects of the Russian Federation that are part of the South Federal District of the Russian Federation have been analyzed.Results. The number of children were 3 216 797 people (aged 0–17 years), the number of children's oncological beds is 272 (0.8 per 10 thousand children aged 0–17 years), the average number of days of berth employment in the year is 289.9 bed days. In 4 (50%) subjects of the department of pediatric oncology are absent, in 1 (12.5%) — there are no children's oncological beds. The number of doctors providing medical care to children with cancer is 50, of them 42 (84%, 0.1 per 10 thousand children aged 0–17 years) have a certificate of a pediatric oncologist. In 2 (25%) subjects, there are no pediatric oncologists. Incidence of malignant tumors was 13.9 (per 100,000 children aged 0–17 years), prevalence was 86.5 (per 100,000 children aged 0–17 years), mortality was 2.5 (per 100,000 children aged 0–17 years), a one-year mortality rate of 4.7%. 8% of patients were actively detected. 104 (23.2%) of primary patients were sent to medical organizations of federal subordination, 4 (0.9%) of primary patients left the territory of the Russian Federation.Conclusion. The analysis revealed a number of defects: incorrect information contained in the reports, low incidence (detectability) of patients, including during planned preventive examinations, staff shortages and non-rational use of bed facilities.


Purpose – Customer satisfaction is becoming increasingly important for organisational survival, let alone prosperity. In this context, this study seeks to examine the impact of cultural dimensions on the customer service orientation of employees and recognize potential variations between the perceptions of managerial and non‐managerial employees regarding the aforementioned relationship.Design/methodology/approach – The study took place in 20 Greek public hospitals, where 749 usable questionnaires were gathered from front‐line employees. The questionnaire responses were analysed using descriptive statistics, t‐tests, and regression analyses.Findings – Findings provide insight into the perceptions of front‐line employees regarding the effect that organisational culture dimensions have on customer service orientation. Some effects were uniform for all employees, while others varied depending upon the position occupied by the employee. Other than aggressiveness, decisiveness, and innovativeness that affect a...


The rate constant for the energy pooling reaction,has been determined. The value of 2 × 10−18 cc2 sec−1 obtained is several orders of magnitude too small to account for the formation of in the nocturnal upper atmosphere. An alternative mechanism for formation is proposed and its consistency with available data is discussed.


Composite materials two or more objects that are different in properties, without dissolving them with each other or by blending without mixing Are formed. Concrete, for example, includes clay bricks and fibre glasses. The Decision testing and evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) is a complex Cause-effect of the system and an excellent method for locating chain elements Considered, it demo also the evaluation of interrelated Relationships between factors and by visual layout model Identify the important ones. According to an innovative Hybrid Dematel a Flexible and Effective decision maker. DEMATEL Attitude Review Based on the values of the algorithm. Which focuses on the mixed decision-making methods and the criteria are interrelated Compromise solutions in relationship ps? In this paper we used DEMATEL for ranking the DEMATEL method is the most ideal solution Short-distanced ce Evaluation Parameters in Density, Micro Hardness, Tensile Strength, Flexural Strength and Impact Strength Use Attention deficit from the result it is seen that Density is got the first rank whereas is the Impact strength is having lowest ranking.


A novel chemical vapor deposition (CVD)-Al technique of "bottom-up growth" was developed using methylpyrrolidine alane as a precursor and a (PVD)-TiN/CVD-TiN stacked barrier in a damascene structure. Poor step coverage of PVD-TiN caused an absence of PVD-TiN at the bottom of trenches, resulting in selective Al growth. The new method filled a 40-nm-wide trench (aspect ratio = 7.5) completely and showed robust electrical properties. The lowest line resistance was obtained at a stacked layer of PVD-TiN/CVD-Ru due to the low resistivity of Ru. Furthermore, the fine Al line structure fabricated by the new technique revealed that the Al line structure did not suffer severely from the size effect, which started to affect Cu damascene structures that were 50 nm wide.


The aviation equipment system has a huge structure, complex process flow, multiple coordination and supporting links, and high requirements for complete sets of materials. Affected by random disturbance factors, the delay of a certain component will postpone multiple subsequent assembly processes, resulting in the multiple increase of the final product delivery time. For the job shop in the aviation equipment system, this paper studies the influence of the process delay caused by the random disturbance on the whole system. Using Petri net theory, based on the relationship between processes and the delay propagation unit, in accordance with the spatial sequence of delay propa-gation, the process delay propagation law is analyzed from the three levels within delay propagation unit, between delay propagation unit and in delay propagation network. The proposed method provides the theory for quantifying the effect of delayed propagation in the aviation equipment system, which helps to further refine the control of the production process of the aviation equipment system.


Electrostatic field of wall bushing which is a very important part of 40.5kV C-GIS is simulated with numerical analysis.The maximum electric field intensity can be got by calculating different dimension of bushing with Quickfield software.Based on simulation,the optimization dimensions and improving measures are described in this paper.Moreover,the calculation result is consistent with the test of a wall bushing sample.


Drawing on a hermeneutic-critical dialogue first with M. Scheler's position and then with M. Henry's stance, this article attempts a phenomenological analysis of feelings as intentional acts. First, it explores the essence of feeling as a strict correlation between the self-affectivity experienced by the lived body (subjective correlate) and the pathetic character of the world (objective correlate).This relationship is characterized according to a twofold reversion of the intentional direction that holds between both correlates. Second, the notion of "capability of taking interest in" is introduced as an originary transcendental condition of possibility for feelings.


Objective To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of traumatic fistula of pancreas. Methods From January 2000 to January 2003, 23 cases with traumatic fistula of pancreas were treated by growth hormone releasing inhibiting hormone(GRIH),alimentotherapy and operative combined treatment. Results All cases were cured to discharge from hospital. No death and no severe complications were found in this group. Operative treatment was performed only in 4 cases (17.39%).Conclusion Growth hormone releasing inhibiting hormone and it′s derivative have a good efficacy and alimentary supporting treatment is very important for treating the traumatic fistula of pancreas.


Bachelor thesis deals with institutional education issues in children's homes, especially its negative characteristics which adversely reflect on the future independent life of children growing up in a constitutional environment. Describes the impact of their stay in children's homes on personal and professional lives, and what about help is available. Mentioned there are also positive changes which the system of constitutional education in the Czech Republic go through, especially in connection with the passing new bill in 2002 and actual transformation of care for vulnerable children. The practical part of the thesis theme of young people leaving children's homes further elaborates on the basis of the interviews with the directors of several children's homes in Kralovehradecký region.


Holographic displays are considered to be promising technologies for augmented and virtual reality devices. Using spatial light modulators (SLMs), they can directly modulate the wavefront of light. Through the modulation of the wavefront, they can provide observers three-dimensional imagery. However, they suffer from a large computation load, and it is important to overcome the disadvantage for the popularization of holographic display techniques. In this invited paper, we adopt a deep learning algorithm for the fast generation of computer-generated holograms (CGHs). We propose the deep neural network designed for the generation of complex holograms. The overall algorithm for the learning-based generation of CGHs using the network is introduced, and the training strategy is provided. The simulation and experimental results are demonstrated, and we verified the feasibility of using the deep learning algorithm for CGH computation.


Lips can easily become dry and rough and their biggest problems are drying and chapping. The cause of those problems is considered to be that the stratum corneum (SC) moisture is small and its barrier function is low. However, those problems decrease in subjects as they approach 40 years of age, after which problems due to their shape and color increase. The purpose of this study was to investigate relationships between SC properties of the lips during aging and to clarify the cause(s) of lip problems.