The Vanishing Manufacturing/Services Boundary Differences between Manufacturing and Service Forces That Are Eliminating the Boundary Manufacturing Is Adding Services to Be More Customer Focused Technology Development A Movement toward a Process Perspective Outsourcing Focuses More Attention on the Need for Good Service The Vanishing Manufacturing/Services Boundary Critical Success Factors and Strategic Planning What Are Critical Success Factors? The Evolution of CSFs in the United States Other Changes during a Country's Economic Life Cycle The Need to Be Effective A Hierarchy of the Planning Process A Hierarchy of Critical Success Factors The Role of CSFs in Strategic Planning The Role of CSFs in Operational Planning Role of CSFs in Selecting Management Programs Performance Measurement and CSFs The ITO Model The ITO Model Introduction to Models The Basic ITO Model-Inputs, Transformation, and Outputs Extending the Basic ITO Model into Supply Chain Configurations The Concept of Reverse Logistics The Role of Management Programs in Continuous Improvement What Are Management Programs? Management Program Life Cycles Why Are Management Programs Important? Where Do Management Programs Come from? Why Are Some Programs Successful and Some Not? Future of Management Programs How Manufacturing Techniques Are Being Adapted to Service Operations Introduction Description of Manufacturing Process Types Product-Process Relationship Service Industry Classifications Comparison of Manufacturing and Services Manufacturing Objectives Service Objectives Programs That Work in Services Programs More Difficult to Adapt to Service Operations Keys to Extending Manufacturing Techniques to Services How Service Techniques Are Being Extended to Manufacturing Introduction What Are Services? Knowledge Transfer from Services to Manufacturing Examples of Programs Developed in Services Response Time Reduction Flexibility Interorganizational Communications Other Service Developments The Role of Technology in Continuous Improvement Definitions The Role of Technology in Continuous Improvement Technology for Process Improvement Technology for Resource Enhancement Criteria Used in Decision Making Steps in Adding Technology to the Process Future Considerations for Technology The Role of Infrastructure in Continuous Improvement What Is Infrastructure? Strategies The Four Classical Management Functions Organization Structure Alternate Organizational Structures Trends in Organizational Structures The Role of the Internet in Changing Organizational Structure The Integration of Knowledge Management into Organizational Structure Does Your Business Need a Change in Its Infrastructure? Understanding Organizational Culture-the Elusive Key to Change Introduction What Is Organizational Culture? Why Is Organizational Culture so Important? What Are the Components of Organizational Culture? What Types of Organizational Culture Are There? Changing Organizational Culture Integrated Supply Chains from Dream to Reality Introduction Setting the Stage Supply Chain Models Steps to Achieve a Lean and Agile Supply Chain Steps in the Change Process A Look Ahead The Role of Services to Complement the Supply Chain Introduction What Are Producer Services? What Are Social Services? What Are Consumer Services? Integrated Service Package The Future of Improvement Programs Introduction The Background to Improvement Programs Future Areas of Emphasis Future of Improvement Programs The Drivers of Change Most Likely Future Methodologies Most Likely Improvement Programs Industries Most Likely to Stress Continuous Improvement Knowledge Management: Where Does It Fit? Index A Summary and References appear at the end of most chapters.


Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive, neuro degenera tive disease that is characterised by the gradual loss of cognitive and functional abilities, and by worsening behaviour. As the disease progresses, patients become increasingly dependent on others – both physically and mentally. Ultimately, patients become completely dependent on caregiver support. This, in turn, puts pressure on the caregivers, who may struggle to cope. Recent developments in AD have occurred in areas such as genetics, pathology biomarkers (e.g., amyloid PET scans) and neuronal function biomarkers (e.g., FDGPET). These techniques have led to a better ability to monitor pathology in vivo, and this, in turn, has allowed for the development of pathologybased research diagnostic criteria for AD, MCI, and preclinical AD. Although such criteria are not yet fully validated, there are high expectations that biomarkers may help with both early diagnosis and the assessment of disease progression and treatment effects. Several potentially diseasemodifying treatment approaches are in development, based on the underlying pathology of AD (e.g., targeting β-amyloid, or tau). Current treatment options are not able to halt the disease process, but can reduce the progression of symptoms. Slowing disease progression is considered a valid treatment response, since this enables patients to maintain independence for a longer period, which improves the quality of life of both the patient and the caregiver. Earlier diagnosis of AD, and therefore earlier intervention, will allow patients the best possible opportunities to maintain their cognitive and functional abilities and their quality of life. SAT 1-2


This paper describes the modification of a transducer to extend its dynamic range. These transducers would be used to measure the response of geologic media to stress waves generated during and after underground tests performed by the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) at the Department of Energy's Nevada Test Site. Included are descriptions of the previously used transducers as well as the modified transducers, their calibration and fielding. The successful extension of range of these transducers will allow the existing measurements system to be a more-valuable tool for the LLNL data analysts. The system will be used in the continuing effort to understand geologic phenomena of underground testing.


Outdoor electrical insulators form an important link in an electric power system. Along with the traditional insulators like glass and porcelain, presently the polymeric insulators are also used world widely. These polymeric insulating materials are very sensitive to various environmental parameters such temperature, raining, pollution, UV-radiations and icing etc. which seriously effect their electrical, chemical and hydrophobic properties. This paper shows a dynamic change of hydrophobicity on the surface of polymeric insulator under different environmental and contamination stresses. The hydrophobicity decrease of polymeric insulating surface due to rain and icing, hydrophobicity transfer status though different pollution layers and hydrophobicity recovery at different temperatures, humidity and wind speed are carried out in this paper. The hydrophobic characteristics are studied by measuring static contact angle on the surface on polymeric insulating material.


The geometric picture of the star-product based on its Fourier representation kernel is utilized in the evaluation of chains of star-products and the intuitive appreciation of their associativity and symmetries. Such constructions appear even simpler for a variant asymmetric product, and carry through for the standard star-product supersymmetrization. §1. Groenewold's noncommutative ⋆-product [1] of phase-space functions f(x, p) and g(x, p) is the unique associative pseudodifferential deformation [2] of ordinary products: ⋆ ≡ e ← ∂ x → ∂ p− ← ∂ p → ∂ x)/2 . (1) It is the linchpin of deformation (phase-space) quantization [3, 2], as well as applications of matrix models and non-commutative geometry ideas in M-physics [4]. In practice, since it involves exponentials of derivative operators, it may be evaluated through translation of function arguments, f(x, p) ⋆ g(x, p) = f(x + ih̄ 2 → ∂ p, p − ih̄ 2 → ∂ x) g(x, p). (2) However, explicit evaluations of long strings of star-products in this language frequently appear intractable, unless the phase-space functions involved consist of exponentials or simple polynomials [5]. Baker [6] has utilized the more practical Fourier representation of this product as an integral kernel: f ⋆ g = 1 h̄π2 ∫ dpdpdxdx f(x, p) g(x, p) exp (−2i h̄ ( p(x − x) + p(x − x) + p(x − x) ) ) . (3) The cyclic determinantal expression multiplying −2i/h̄ in the exponent is twice the area of the phase-space triangle (r, r, r), where r ≡ (x, p), namely, 2A(r′′, r′, r) = (r′ − r) ∧ (r− r′′) = r′′ ∧ r′ + r′ ∧ r + r ∧ r′′. (4)


Thematically, Flight Behavior departs from Prodigal Summer in its examination of the reality and effects of climate change. This novel focuses on those who deny or oppose the reality of climate change and its impact on their lives. The men in Flight Behavior, with the notable exception of the scientist Byron, perpetuate exploitative land use practises. This novel's emphasis on animals and their reproductive success opens up a crucial ecofeminist route. The monarchs have had to relocate their home and nesting grounds due to climate change, and their uncertain yet ominous future is mirrored by other difficult births in the novel: Dellarobia has a traumatic birthing experience with Hester's lambs as she comes to terms with the death of her and Cub's child. Optimism is what readers should take away from the two novels reviewed in this thesis. Understanding how people are connected to everything on Earth will help us revive the planet and stop exploiting people, animals, and nature for profit and pleasure. This paper's final chapter changes from Prodigal Summer's status quo to Flight Behavior's future. The third chapter examined how masculinist land practises replicated patriarchal, exploitative environmental usage and how only the novel's female characters perceived ecological alternatives. This chapter discusses the consequences of ignoring environmental exploitation and climate change. This chapter will cover denial, reality, and climate change mitigation to continue discussing realities and implications. I'll study how humans and nonhumans deny reality. Kingsolver said in an interview that others' denial inspired this novel. I'll list the middle class's environmental needs. Dellarobia becomes a pseudoscientist from a housewife. The environmental movement's butterfly conservationists in Appalachia are a parody. Dellarobia also resembles many of the ladies in chapter two who became reluctant environmentalists. Finally, hope. Dellarobia leads Kingsolver's audience to good change. The novel's ending is uncertain, but I think it's optimistic because of resistance.


Background and Aims: During the Corona Virus Disease-19 outbreak, it is believed that ten percent of all health care professionals (HCPs) were affected. HCPs' safety measures have changed because of aerosol-generating techniques. As a result, we looked at the effectiveness of endoscopic safety measures and prevalence among HCPs who operate in an endoscopy unit.
Methods: Techniques such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) serum-assay were used to assess the COVID-19 status of 117 healthcare workers (HCWs). It has been shown that the existence of the COVID-19 is related to demographic variables, work profile, location of employment, & medical history in research.
Results: 38 HCWs tested positive for COVID-19 using either a PCR assay (23.93%) or simply an IgG testing (32.48 percent) (8.55%). COVID-19 incidence was significantly greater (P = 0.003) among endoscopy technicians when compared to doctors (68.75% (20.69%). Those who worked in critical care units were shown to be more susceptible to COVID-19 (42.86%). One hundred and sixty-six healthcare workers who received enough hydroxychloroquine prophylaxis were tested for COVID-19, and none were positive. Everyone who had been exposed to COVID-19 recovered. There was also a substantial decrease in the number of "man-days" worked.
Conclusion: We discovered a statistically significant COVID-19 risk among healthcare workers in the Gastroenterology department, with endoscopy technologists having the highest risk. More stringent triaging & pre-testing of patients and healthcare workers may help to decrease the risk of COVID-19 infection. Additional multicenter studies are needed to further understand the risk and its related variables.


The aim of this dissertation is to analyze the main reasons that lead students of the
HOU undergraduate program "Studies in Natural Sciences" to abandon their studies.
The undergraduate program "Studies in Natural Sciences" presents a high percent of
student dropout among all the HOU program of studies, a fact that worth to be
investigated. By interviewing ex-students and professors of the program, we
concluded that the main reason of dropout is the lack of study time which, combined
with family and work engagements and the program's difficulty, lead students to
abandon their studies. Moreover, the educational material does not in general help
students to study, either because of its obscure writing either of its deficient content.
The final reason is the unbalanced social-economic crisis of our time that also
influences students' dropout. Except of the research results, useful suggestions
concerning the program's improvement are also presented. Most important:
developing preparation classes for new-entry students, more content sessions between students and professors and finally changing the examination procedure, giving students the option to have exams during the academic year and having less curricula to study.


The particle-size distribution of illite and iron oxide-precipitated illite was examined as a function of pH by means of the sedimentation balance. Due to the precipitation of 5% iron oxides on the illite surfaces, aggregation occurred over a pH range of 3 to 10, and the degree of aggregation was greater for higher pH values. The aggregation was explained by the decrease of repulsion between face surfaces of illite due to the partial neutralization of the negative charge of illite surfaces, based on the electron micrographs and zeta potential measurement


The characterization of the active layer (AL) in mountain permafrost is an important part of monitoring climate change effects in periglagical environments and may help to determine potential slope instability. Permafrost affects 25% of the Northern Hemisphere and 17% of the entire Earth. It has been studied for decades both in the polar regions and – starting a few decades later – in high mountain environments. Typical point information from permafrost boreholes can be extended to wider areas by geophysical prospecting and provide information that cannot be detected by thermal observations alone.

During Summer 2019 we performed several geophysical surveys at permafrost borehole sites in the Swiss Alps. We focused on electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and Frequency Domain Electro-magnetic techniques (FDEM) to compare the methods and test the applicability of FDEM for active layer characterization, i.e., its thickness and lateral continuity. ERT provides an electrical image of the subsoil and can discern active layer thickness, changes in ground ice and geological features of the subsoil. From a logistic point of view a contactless method such as FDEM would be preferable : i) it can provide electrical properties of the subsoil with no need of physical electrical contact with the soil; ii) it can cover a wider area of exploration compared to ERT, iii) it is faster and data collection is simpler than with ERT due to lighter instruments and less preparation time needed.

Based on the FDEM surveys at the Swiss permafrost sites we were able to detect the frozen/unfrozen boundary and to achieve results that were in agreement with those obtained from classical ERT and borehole temperature data. The results were promising for future active layer monitoring with the contactless FDEM method.


Benoliel (1967) found that nurses tend to avoid the pain of working with dying patients by controlling feelings and developing professional detachment that helps them to withdraw emotionally from the patient. A pilot project was developed on the haematology/oncology unit of a large metropolitan hospital. This study, which consisted of three one-hour sessions, gave the nurses the opportunity to discuss how they coped with dying patients, individually and as team members. The results of these sessions were positive for the nurses who felt that they were able to share their experiences with co-workers. In addition, there was the opportunity to validate teh relationship with the patient who had died and to bring a sense of closure to the experience.


Chaoshan dialect is one of the dialects that retains most archaic pronunciations,words and meanings in the Chinese language. Because of its enormous differences from Putonghua,it is hard to understand and learn,which impedes the cultural and psychological identification of the immigrants.In Chaoshan area,Chaoshan dialect is dominating,which is one of the reasons that hold back the sustainable social and economic development in the area.Therefore,it is necessary to play down Chaoshan dialect subjectively and objectively,and allow for cultural tolerance and multiplicity.


In Education 4.0, the professor is challenged to teach more than curriculum content, prompting the development of 21st-Century competencies and skills. Thus, this paper presents the Emergency Remote Teaching (ERT) methodology used in the Experimental Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) classes during the COVID-19 pandemic, based on Education 4.0. This class was taught to final year students of the undergraduate courses in Computer Science and Biomedical Informatics and graduate students in Informatics at a University. The teaching methodology adopted in this discipline sought to develop skills considered relevant for a researcher, such as recognizing research problems and learning new processes. The classes were guided by the Flex learning model, which consisted of synchronous and asynchronous classes. Thus, the schedule of classes needed to be adapted, including collaborative and diversified activities. We collected the student's opinions about the teaching methodology and the skills developed in the class and analyzed the results qualitatively. The results showed the difficulties and problems faced by students with the resources and materials in ERT, such as students having internet connectivity problems. However, the teacher made the recorded classes available, and this problem was overcome. The results also show that the deficit of skills, such as autonomy, initiative, and independence, hampered students' performance in ERT. The findings can help other teachers to improve the remote teaching of this class and indicate the possibilities of ERT in the Education 4.0.


This paper deals with the numerical solution of a class of reaction diffusion equations arises from ecological phenomena. When two species are introduced into unoccupied habitat, they can spread across the environment as two travelling waves with the wave of the faster reproducer moving ahead of the slower.The mathematical modelling of invasions of species in more complex settings that include interactions between species may restricts to pairwise interactions. Three mathematical models of invasions of species in more complex settings that include interactions between species are introduced. For one of these models in general form a computational approach based on finite difference and RBF collocation method is established. To numerical solution first we discretize the proposed equations by using the forward difference rule for time derivatives and the well known Crank-Nicolson scheme for other terms between successive time levels. To verify the ability and robustness of the numerical approach, two test problems are investigated.


Abstract A shielded hot-wire probe, based on the patent of Neuerburg, was further developed to detect flow reversals in a one-dimensional pulsating flow regime for frequencies of 66 and 100 Hz. This single-sensor hot wire, partially surrounded by a tubular shield with an oblique tip, has successfully detected the intermittent flow reversals caused by the flow interruption device in a pulsating air flow rig. For the purpose of reverse flow detection, this shielded single-sensor hot-wire probe provides a cost effective and simple-to-use alternative to multisensor hot-wire probes and optical velocity measurement devices such as laser Doppler anemometry.


The invention discloses a textile fabric coloring agent. The textile fabric coloring agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8 to 12 parts of cobaltous sulfate, 7 to 10 parts of aluminum ammonium sulfate, 3 to 7 parts of butyl methacrylate, 2 to 5 parts of ethyl acetate, 3 to 6 parts of trimethylolpropane, 7 to 9 parts of camphor tree leaf extract liquor, 6 to 8 parts of ferrous sulfate, 5 to 10 parts of aluminum sulfate, 3 to 7 parts of glycerol, 2.5 to 3.2 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, 1 to 4 parts of imidazoline, 1.2 to 2.4 parts of 2-naphthol and 12 to 26 parts of modified starch. The textile fabric coloring agent has the beneficial effects of high colorability, prevention of fading, bright color and harmlessness to human bodies.


Graph-based proximity has many applications with different ranking needs. However, most previous works only stress the sense of importance by finding "popular" results for a query. Often times important results are overly general without being well-tailored to the query, lacking a sense of specificity - which only emerges recently. Even then, the two senses are treated independently, and only combined empirically. In this paper, we generalize the well-studied importance-based random walk into a round trip and develop RoundTripRank, seamlessly integrating specificity and importance in one coherent process. We also recognize the need for a flexible trade-off between the two senses, and further develop RoundTripRank+ based on a scheme of hybrid random surfers. For efficient computation, we start with a basic model that decomposes RoundTripRank into smaller units. For each unit, we apply a novel two-stage bounds updating framework, enabling an online top-K algorithm 2SBound. Finally, our experiments show that RoundTripRank and RoundTripRank+ are robust over various ranking tasks, and 2SBound enables scalable online processing.


Artificial intelligence uses in financial markets or business units forms financial innovations. These innovations are the key indicator for economic grow and intelligent finance system formation. Recants years scientist and most innovation driving companies, such as Google, IBM, Microsoft and other, are focusing in deep learning methods. These methods have achieved significant performances in diverse areas: image recognition, natural language processing, speech recognition, video processing, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the variety of deep learning methods and only then their applicability in the financial field. Accordingly, in this paper firstly is presented differences in science community already settled deep learning method's architectures. Secondly, is shown a big picture of developing scientific articles of deep learning uses in finance field, where the most used deep learning methods were identified. Finally, the conclusion, limitations and future work have been shown.


Compared with other imaging methods such as synthetic aperture imaging,millimeter wave imaging,infrared imaging and visible light imaging,the laser imaging enjoys a series of advantages,which goes beyond the traditional concept of imaging and is widely used in military fields such as radar,guidance and fuze. The progress and current state of the development of laser imaging systems,including CO2 laser imaging systems,Diode Pumped Solid State Laser (DPSSL) imaging systems and diode laser imaging systems are reviewed. Key technologies and future development trends of the laser imaging system are discussed.


Abstract This report provides a detailed overview of trends in the development of radicalization and terrorism worldwide as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. The short-lived changes in the way of life during and after the pandemic give rise to the possibility of new models of terrorism and radicalization in the coming years. Also this report aims to trace how COVID-19 has influenced and changed modern terrorism. On the other hand, the established structural organization of terrorist groups requires from us an in-depth analysis of the direction of their progressive development. Terrorists are increasingly trying to adapt to society in one form or another. Attempts are being made to penetrate them into the social activities of modern society. It was the pandemic that opened up many opportunities for a more concentrated psychological impact on "poorer" societies but the more problematic is that the long-term economic damage caused by the pandemic could reduce the resources available to fight terrorism and radicalization for several years. In the other hand the governments that have seen their coffers run out and their gross national product shrink will face difficult choices about where to spend their reduced revenues, and despite their genuine counter-terrorism commitment, may be forced to feed their populations and revitalize their economies at the expense of defence spending, including funding to fight terrorism and radicalization.


In order to obtain high efficient degumming strain for fiber crops,the strain CXJZU-120 was screened by UV mutagenesis treatment of CXJZ95-198 for 120 s.By studying the biological characteristics and function of degumming,the results showed that strain CXJZU-120 with stable characters,could finish ramie degumming within 5.5~6.0 h.The removal rate of non-cellulose materials was 87.22%.The strain had a high activity of pectinase,β-mannanase and xylanase in fermentation liquid after cultivation for 10 h,which reached 211.2 U/mL,374.8 U/mL and 96.6 U/mL,respectively.It showed dark brown after cultivation for 16.0~17.0 h in slant medium,bluish green appeared after cultivation for 5.0~5.5 h in fermentation liquid,and it began to present blue color when inoculating on ramie for 5.0~5.5 h.These results indicated that the ability of degumming and performance of enzyme production of the mutant strain CXJZU-120 were increased compared with the original strain.And because of the characteristics of rapid-reproduction and presentation of special colors in ramie fermentation,the strain CXJZU-120 has important significance in degumming application for fiber crops.


The objectives of the research was to compare posttest learning achievement of the database system subject in form using the e-learning with the problem-based learning. The sample consisting of 60 undergraduate student in first semester the academic year 2015 from department of Information Technology and Applied Statistics Programs at Nakhon Ratchasima Rajabhat University. They were divided in to two groups, 30 students each: the first group learned using E-learning and the another group learned using the problem-based learning. The research tools were E-learning lesson, problem-based learning lesson and a learning achievement test. The independent t-test was used for testing hypotheses.
            The results showed that both group of the student did not statistically show different learning achievement.


The formulae of boson powers commutation relation used by B. Sorensen [Nucl. Phys. A, v. 119, No 1, (1968), 65] in his calculations is erroneous. We provide the correct formulae.


1520 Background: Lynch syndrome (LS), caused by germline pathogenic variants in mismatch repair (MMR) genes, results in increased risk of colorectal, endometrial, and other cancers. LS has a prevalence of ~1 in 440 in European ancestry populations; prevalence data in other populations are limited. We identified and characterized carriers of pathogenic MMR gene variants in the multi-ethnic Bio Me Biobank in New York City. Methods: Exome sequence data from ~31,000 Bio Me participants were evaluated for known (per ClinVar) and predicted (loss-of-function) pathogenic variants in MMR genes. Population groups were defined by genetic ancestry. Participant questionnaires and electronic health records (EHRs) of carriers were reviewed for personal or family history of malignancy. Results: We identified 48 carriers of 33 distinct pathogenic variants in PMS2 (48%), MLH1 (27%), MSH6 (15%), and MSH2 (10%), for an estimated prevalence of ~1/640 in the Bio Me Biobank. Prevalence was higher among individuals of Non-Jewish European (N = 14; 1/400) and African (N = 14; 1/490) ancestries, compared to Puerto Rican (N = 8; 1/640), Ashkenazi Jewish (N = 6; 1/690), and other/mixed (N = 6) ancestries. Carriers had a median age of 56 (range 27 to 77) years and were 50% female. Overall rate of malignancy among carriers was 38%, with the lowest rate in PMS2 (26%) and the highest rate in MSH6 (57%) variant carriers. We found a high prevalence of endometrial cancer (21% of female carriers) and a lower prevalence of colorectal cancer (4% of all carriers). Only 2 carriers (4%) had a diagnosis of LS in their EHRs, and only 1 carrier met Amsterdam diagnostic criteria for LS. Conclusions: These data show that ~0.15% of participants in a multi-ethnic biobank are carriers of pathogenic MMR gene variants and suggest that the prevalence is higher in European and lower in non-European ancestry populations. Notably, most carriers do not have a clinical diagnosis of LS and do not meet diagnostic criteria for LS. Carriers demonstrate variable rates of cancer, which may contribute to under-diagnosis of LS. Genomic screening for pathogenic MMR variants may lead to earlier diagnosis of LS and improved outcomes.


The star formation history of a galaxy, explicitely here our Milky Way Galaxy, where the most detailed information is attainable, is the convolution of two functions. One function describes the rate of formation of the stars which are today in the Galaxy. The second describes the assembly of those stars into the present Galactic potential well. There is direct evidence that this assembly continues today, with both stars and gas being assembled into, or at least rearranged in, the Galactic potential. But is this recent accretion significant? Was the last significant accretion the formation of the thick disk, some 10Gyr ago?. Recent spectroscopic studies support this unexpected result, while dynamical studies find increasing numbers of specific examples of smaller scale more recent accretion. We present early results for one specific such survey, the Anglo Australian Old Stellar populations Survey, to illustrate current studies.


The Banking Industry has been operating in India since the early stage of civilisation. Modern banking in India begins from mid of 18th Century. Bona fide transactions of Banking Industries are beneficial for world economy. Money loaned is one of the major functions of Banks, and "What is owe, must be repay" is the universal law. But, since last two decades, Banks are facing problems in recovery of loans and fluctuating NPA levels and thereby decline in profitability of commercial sector banks.
The study is organised to know the provisions, measures, and suitable actions which banks can take to reduce the burden of increasing crisis of bad loans and to recover the same. As per Economic Survey 2016-17 Gross NPAs has climbed to almost 12 % of Gross Advances for Public Sector Banks at the end of September 2016. If bank money is locked with some defaulters, then it prevents this money from being used by thousands of others who could put it to productive use. Therefore, recovery of loans becomes important for the banking sector.
Until mid eighties, the management of NPAs in India was left to the banks and auditors. As the need arises for restructuring to deal with the changing risk profile of banking in 1965, the first ever system of classification of assets for the Indian Banking System was introduced. The system is called "HEALTH CODE" system, involved classification of advances into 8 categories (Bad and Doubtful Debts). Robust legal and recovery framework and an effective credit information system can play a critical role in ensuring that the asset quality of banks remains healthy. Thence, Government of India and RBI has continuously issuing variety of guidelines, master circulars, provisions, legal and criminal legislations to help banks for fighting this devil of banking sector.
The research study analysed the provisions issued by Government of India and RBI right from the beginning of Lok Adalats to the PARA (Public Sector Asset Rehabilitation Agency) quick fix. The first satisfying step towards reducing indebtedness of banks is the statutory status to Lok Adalats under the Legal Services Authority Act, 1987. Then Debt recovery tribunals and SARFAESI Act, 2002 was introduced. On the other end, there is Corporate Debt Restructuring mechanism which aimed at rehabilitating viable but temporarily distressed corporate advances. In addition to this there are Asset Reconstruction Companies which facilitate improved credit risk management by banks by sale of problem loans and creation of secondary market for such loans. Apart from these proceedings, the recent actions taken by Government and RBI were Strategic Debt Restructuring and Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code 2016.
The research study wholly based on secondary data and main motive is to analyse the available provisions for loan recovery helps banks to increase their profitability and liquidity.


PURPOSE: An apparatus for opening and closing a door is provided to prevent the accident and the loss of lives by facilitating the opening and closing of a door without using a key in case of emergency. CONSTITUTION: A door opening/closing apparatus(100) is provided with a lock key(10) therein, a hole(2) for entering and exiting the lock key(10), a doorknob(11) for closing a door(200) by manually moving the lock key(10), and a manual release button(20) for opening the door(200) in case of emergency. The hole(2) is provided on an upper of side of the door opening/closing apparatus(100). In the device, the door opening/closing apparatus(100) is installed on the door(200), a cover is provided thereon, for protecting foreign material from outside. A transparent plate is provided on the cover and to be broken by a user in case of emergency.


This paper is concerned with the performance improvement of iterative Interleave-Division Multiple-Access (IDMA) scheme based receivers using optimum power allocation algorithm using tree based interleavers (TBI). Based on the optimized power allocation technique, we compare the performance of IDMA receiver with random interleaver, power interleaver, and tree based interleaver. The simulation results demonstrate the superior performance of tree based interleaver in comparison to other interleavers in view of memory requirement and computational complexity along with similar BER performance.


Spatial variations in the transmission properties of the overburden cause seismic amplitude attenuation, wavelet phase distortion and seismic resolution reduction on deeper horizons. This poses problems for the seismic interpretation, tying of migration images with well-log data and AVO analysis. We developed an efficient Gaussian beam reverse time migration with compensation for frequency dependent dissipation effects which the seismic wave experiences during propagation in the attenuative earth. A realistic attenuation model results show that our method can be used to effectively compensate for the amplitude loss and phase distortion associated with transmission anomalies.


In this study, full coincidence between impedance spectroscopy and transient photovoltage techniques in measuring recombination kinetics of photogenerated charge carriers in inverted polymer:fullerene organic solar cells with ZnO hole-blocking layer is reported. Carrier lifetime exhibits values at illumination intensities near 1 sun within the microseconds time scale. Photogenerated charge carrier density attains values within 1015–1016 cm−3. Decay kinetics is analyzed by means of a bimolecular recombination law with a recombination coefficient slightly dependent on the charge density, which lies within the order of k ∼ 10−12 cm3 s−1. It is also demonstrated that inverted-processed cells exhibit capacitance, recombination resistance, and lifetime parameters comparable to those extracted from regular cells, despite the great differences between the contact structures of these kinds of devices.


This article compares the levels and determinants of job satisfaction and organizational commitment among blue-collar women and men in an assessment of the gender role and job structure perspectives on work attitudes. The results, based on samples of 2,489 men and 1,070 women who work in midwestern factories, suggest that women's reactions to work are formed in ways which contradict traditional gender role interpretations of the relationship of women to paid work. These women's job satisfaction and organizational commitment are affected most by the intrinsic and financial rewards which their jobs provide, as is true of their male counterparts. Still, there are gender differences in the formation of work attitudes which are consistent with the feminist strand of the gender model. This suggests that both theory and social policy must consider the work-related and nonwork manifestations of the gender role division of labor. Given their different positions in the gender stratification system, there is remarkable similarity between women and men regarding the influences of specific personal and job characteristics on reactions to work.


The article describes foreign experience of interaction between the levels of economic management in order to improve the efficiency of innovation. In particular, the development of technological forecasting, the creation of favorable conditions for research and development, stimulation of enterprise innovative activities. Statistical data characterizing the efficiency of industrial products production of the Republic of Belarus, its сompetitiveness, as well as innovative activity of industrial enterprises have been analyzed. The problems of improving the innovation efficiency and the competitiveness of industrial products in the Republic of Belarus are given. It has been substantiated that while implementing plans and programmes for innovative development it is necessary to coordinate the actions of the state and enterprises.


Punjab agriculture has reached a stage where its viability and sustainability is in doubt. The green revolution led to a dramatic increase in agricultural production, but in the years following green revolution, high rates of productivity growth have been sustained at the cost of underground water table depletion and heavy doses of fertilizers with diminishing growth in the yields of major crops. Scholars have advocated for the development of agro-based industries in the state to offer a possible solution to the problem. However, the development of agro industries in an imprecise way will not offer any solution. The present study attempts to find out the efficient agro industries and suggests policy implications for the development of the agro based industries in the state. Notes 1. See Chadha (1999), Singh (1999), Shergill and Singh (2001), Kansra (2002), Sidhu (1999, 2002) and Singh (2004). 2. the New National Industrial Classification 1998, which is Pretty Wide-ranging, at the 5 Digit Level, has not been Found to be Comparable with the Nic 1987. Moreover, the Nic 1998 has only 16 Industries Falling under the Gamut of Agro Industries, whereas there were 45 Industries in Nic 1987.


This paper is based on the background of Satpol PP efforts in enforcing Batang District Regulation Number 4 Year 2015 on the Amendment of Batang Regency Local Regulation Number 6 Year 2011 on the Eradication of Prostitution in Batang District. It is also called Perda Eradication of prostitution, this regulation is the main actor in enforcing the local regulations. The formulation of this research problem was how the enforcement of the Regional Regulation on the eradication of prostitution done by Satpol PP. This research method used non-doctrinal research type which can be categorized into qualitative research. It was expected to get deep data and meaningful data. The results showed that in enforcing prostitution law by doing raids both independent and combined raids. Then after catching the violators, Satpol PP conducted repressive action either Non judicial or Pro judicial.


Managing waste and conserving the environment confronts the government, the community, the people and the industry. There is a conceptual and sustainable framework to be imbibed in tackling the menace of waste. The waste management profile at hand and environmental status quo defeats the strides of conservation of wastes which debar any stainable economy. However, beyond all reasonable doubts, best practices for waste management gives most-sought results in the future ahead. At large, a beam of global light into the radical and rational trend of waste management programs leads to economic sustainability based on the capacity of innovation; Nigeria vies to make a mark in innovation outcome in the direction of appropriately curtailing wastes at all levels. Despite being tagged an under-developed nations, Nigeria still positions itself as a great and conscious manager of wastes of all sorts in Africa. This study assessed the cultural management of wastes in Nigeria.


Who do we say we are? Why do we profess a faith that promotes fullness of life yet continue to perpetuate violence against nature? In considering the human–nature relationship, this article explores some of the challenges that arise when addressing this question in a religious context. It focuses on aspects of this problem related to the work of practical theology in encouraging mature Christian discipleship. How we conceive our theological anthropologies and the meaning we give to nature are significant elements in the discussion. The recent encyclical Laudato si', by Pope Francis, both affirms and challenges the way we see our global humanity and our conflict with nature. This article suggests currents that offer guidance for encouraging the unmaking of such violence and for cultivating more adequate anthropologies and understandings of nature. It concludes by posing questions that may open spaces for hope.


Nanocrystalline AlPO 4 have been prepared by a method of solid-state reaction in the present of templates on condition of 150 ℃,2 h.The materials were characterized by XRD,IR,ICP and chemical analysis.The TG grammar showed that these compounds were stabilized from room temperature to 1 000 ℃.The adsorption properties to Cr(Ⅵ) have been experimented.The results indicated that these materials were able to adsorb Cr(Ⅵ) very well.


The study points to the exclusive role of Leopold Lewicki in the education of the young generation. Through the biography of the outstanding artist of the Krakow Group (the first one) and the memories of the students, the artistic situation, worldview and social changes are analysed. We take into account his period of studies in Krakow before the Second World War and his creative activities after the war in Lviv during the communist regime. Leopold Lewicki did not oppose the government and artists' unions, but he kept a certain distance from Soviet institutions. He gathered people who were spiritually close to him, not using his institutional or social position. He promoted new ideas among young artists, conducted intellectual talks, talked about his own education, analysed works of Western art, gave professional advice and corrected graphic works. In the artistic environment dominated by party ideology and the only art style accepted by the government – socialist realism – Leopold Lewicki helped young graphic artists understand contemporary art, its development and directions. Although not a lecturer, he influenced the creativity of others. The biography of Leopold Lewicki can be an example for today's youth because, in difficult ideological conditions, he not only created unconventional works of art, but also taught outside the university walls.


Here described are well preserved Choiidae (sponges) including two genera, two new species and two sp. indet.: Choia zunyiensis sp. nov. and Choia sp. from the Lower Cambrian Niutitang Formation Biota at Songlin town of the Zunyi area; Choiaella ovata sp. nov. and Choiaella sp. from the Middle Cambrian Kaili Biota at Balang village, Taijiang County, Guizhou. Choia was originally described from the Lower Cambrian Chengjiang Biota, Yunnan, S W China and the Middle Cambrian biotas in North America. Choiaella was originally found in the Lower Cambrian Chengjiang Biota. The discovery of Choiidae from the Early and Middle Cambrian in Guizhou provides new information on early metazoans.


A wireless energy transfer system based on resonant energy transfer technology for power transmission and recharging of electrical devices is studied. The relationship between the energy transfer efficiency and several key parameters of the system is analyzed using finite-element method. Thin film resonant cells, consisting of a tape coil on one layer, which is separated by an insulation layer to form a capacitor with another layer, are fabricated. These cells are light, compact, and flexible, and provide convenience and flexibility in the design of wireless devices. The feasibility of this system is demonstrated using practical measurements to showcase its performance.


INTRODUCTION The value of lint cotton is largely contingent upon certain of its marketable qualities. The length and uniformity of staple probably influence the marketable quality of lint cotton' more than any other characteristic, with the possible exception of the grade. More emphasis is now being placed upon uniformity of length of staple than ever before, since uniformity is one of the most important characteristics contributing to the ultimate spinning value of the lint. The object of this study was to determine the uniformity in the length of staple characteristic of a number of the important cornmercial varieties commonly grown in Texas. The experiment stations have he]ped the individual farmer to select intelligently the particular variety he should plant by testing some of the more promising strains and varieties on a comparable basis. The importance ~f staple length has been emphasized in these tests. However, length of staple determinations have usually been based upon a single massed sample of lint from each variety. These observations on the length of lint have been made by licensed cotton classers and reported along with the general results of the variety test. Data bearing upon the relative uniformity of length of staple for the different varieties have not been available as a basis for improvement of this character. ~ METHODS USED


Correspondence: Peter C Raich University of Colorado Denver, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Denver Health Medical Center, 777 Bannock Street, MC 4001, Denver, CO 80204, USA Tel +1 303 602 6062 Fax +1 303 602 6067 Email email@example.com Background: Informed consent documents need to convey crucial information to prospective study participants. We assessed the impact of an informed consent process designed to be understood by persons with low health literacy skills. Methods: We conducted a randomized controlled trial with ethnically and racially diverse male veterans. Participants were randomly assigned to receive and read the standard consent document for the Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial prostate cancer prevention trial or a culturally tailored, easy-to-read consent document. Telephone interviews were conducted 2 weeks following consent, assessing comprehension, satisfaction, consent anxiety, state anxiety, decisional conflict, and cultural sensitivity. Results: Of 162 male veterans completing the initial telephone interview, 49.7% were African American, 44.1% were Caucasian, and 6.2% were Hispanic. The mean comprehension score for the consent document and process was significantly increased in the intervention arm participants (17.08) versus the standard consent arm (15.06, P , 0.0001). The satisfaction score with the consent information was higher in participants in the intervention arm (3.67 vs 3.42, P = 0.0009), while the consent anxiety score was reduced (1.31 vs 1.56, P = 0.0067). Conclusion: Modifications in the reading level, format, appearance, interactivity, and cultural sensitivity of an informed consent document in the cancer prevention setting significantly improved comprehension of and satisfaction with the consent document, while decreasing consent anxiety.


The service performance of WIG when flight near-ground determines the designer to lay emphasis on resolving two main problems i.e.hydrodynamic performance in the condition colliding with water and structural response in the condition colliding with water.Numerical calculation and theoretical derivation are developed respectively in this paper around these two problems and some relative conclusions are given referred to trial data.


Infrastructure is a major sector that propels overall development of the Indian economy. Fast growing population needs new roads bigger cities and industrialization to produce livelihood, stabilization of soil becomes necessary as it improves soil properties to withstand the loads from infrastructure. This is a review paper on soil stabilization focusing on different type of traditional and non-traditional additive used in soil stabilization. Use of non- traditional additive such as tire, jute, fibers etc. not only improves soil properties but also solves the problem of waste disposal.


In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is found along the cell periphery (cortical ER) and nucleus (perinuclear ER). In this study, we characterize a novel ER protein called Ice2p that localizes to the cortical and perinuclear ER. Ice2p is predicted to be a type-III transmembrane protein. Cells carrying a genomic disruption of ICE2 display defects in the distribution of cortical ER in mother and daughter cells. Furthermore, fluorescence imaging of ice2Δ cells reveals an abnormal cortical ER tubular network morphology in both the mother cell and the developing bud. Subcellular fractionation analysis using sucrose gradients corroborate the data from the fluorescence studies. Our findings indicate that Ice2p plays a role in forming and/or maintaining the cortical ER network in budding yeast.


Field experiments were conducted at two locations, viz., Kannur (Kerala) and Chettalli (Kodagu, Karnataka) for evaluating the efficacy of sulphate of potash (SOP) as a source of potassium (K) on black pepper. There were nine treatment combinations viz., T1 -Control, T2 -Recommended (Rec.) K as muriate of potash (MOP), T3 -Rec. K as SOP, T4 -125% of Rec. K as SOP, T5 -T3 + SOP 2% foliar spray, T6 -50% of Rec. K as SOP + SOP 2% foliar spray, T7 -50% of Rec. K as SOP, T8 -T2 + Mg @ 25 kg ha-1 as MgSO4 and T9 - T3 + Mg @ 25 kg ha-1 as MgSO4 laid out in a randomized block design with three replications. The results showed that soil nutrient status in treatment with 25.0% higher recommended K as SOP recorded significantly higher concentrations of soil organic carbon, K, Ca, S, Zn and Cu. The study further revealed that for economic yield of high quality black pepper, 50% of recommended dose of K as SOP for soils of high K status and 100% recommended K as SOP + 2% foliar spray of SOP for soil of low K status can be recommended.


A relation between the high-spin spinor and the polarization tensor is proposed and proved. The explicit relation between the kinematical structures of the baryon and the boson with arbitrary spin is thus obtained.


Short-term load forecasting is an important part of economic dispatch in power system.Modeling analysis of the short-term load forecasting method focuses on presently the total load,without paying close attention to each composition.This paper puts forward a stratified short-term load forecasting method.First,decompose the total load into several independent internal model adaptively utilizing empirical mode decomposition(EMD).Then,predict the high frequency,low frequency and trends component using point to point model,multiple regression model and GM(1,1) model separately.Finally,stack the three components as the final prediction.Case study shows that this method is effective to improve the short-term load forecasting accuracy.


Abstract The paper presents the application of the wavelet edge detection algorithm for structural vibration analysis based on image sequences. A number of different edge detection operators are briefly discussed and illustrated using a simple image example. The wavelet-based edge detection algorithm is then used to identify natural frequencies of a simple cantilever beam. The paper discusses a number of important issues that need to be confronted when using image sequences for vibration analysis. These include correspondence of image features from image to image and image calibration. The paper compares the natural frequencies obtained using such an approach and also another non-contact method and finds them in good agreement.


Objective:
To assess the repeatability and reproducibility of axial length obtained by the optical biometer IOLMaster 500 in children aged 2-6 years.

Methods:
One hundred and two right eyes from 102 children were included in this cross-sectional study from Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University from December 2016 to March 2017. Each eye was measured by two experienced operators using the IOLMaster 500 with 3 consecutive measurements. To evaluate intraoperator repeatability using repeated measurement ANOVA, Bland-Altman plots, and use paired samples t test and so on to analyze data.

Results:
The axial length obtained by the IOLMaster 500 showed high repeatability (95%LoA within -0.04 to 0.04 mm, and ICC was 1.000). The reproducibility of axial length was also high (95%LoA within -0.04 to 0.03 mm, Sw<0.01mm, 2.77 Sw<0.03 mm, CoV<0.05%). The width of the 95%LoA was reduced by 42.86% using averaged results rather than the result of a single measurement.

Conclusions:
Axial lengths obtained by the IOLMaster 500 in children aged 2-6 years shows high repeatability and reproducibility. In addition, the mean value of 3 consecutive measurements is better than that of a single measurement.

Key words:
IOLMaster 500; axial length; A scan; repeatability; reproducibility; children


Summary: Contributions made by John Hughlings Jackson (1835–1911) to today's epileptology are unparalleled, and what he did has still not been reevaluated. We divide his contributions into three themes: (a) He began his research with the seizures later named jacksonian seizures. Through his research, Jackson established a revolutionary definition quite similar to our contemporary definition of epilepsy. The first step was made to the neurosurgical treatment for epilepsy through his research. (b) He elucidated the mechanism of postepileptic psychosis by his theory of evolution–dissolution and positive–negative symptoms, later called jacksonism. (c) His encounter with his patient, Dr. Z, helped him to establish his idea of dreamy state, eventually leading to the concept of temporal lobe epilepsy.


Respiratory rate is the most accurate vital sign for predicting adverse outcomes in ward patients.1,2 Though other vital signs are typically collected by using machines, respiratory rate is collected manually by caregivers counting the breathing rate. However, studies have shown signi cant discrepancies between a patient's respiratory rate documented in the medical record, which is often 18 or 20, and the value measured by counting the rate over a full minute.3 Thus, despite the high accuracy of respiratory rate, it is possible that these values do not represent true patient physiology. It is unknown whether a valid automated measurement of respiratory rate would be more predictive than a manually collected respiratory rate for identifying patients who develop deterioration. The aim of this study was to compare the distribution and predictive accuracy of manually and automatically recorded respiratory rates.


Abstract Introduction: Lagerstroemia flos-reginae (L) Pers. (Hindi-Jarul) belonging to Lythraceae is found throughout India, especially in Assam, Bengal and Deccan peninsula. A decoction of the leaves of L. flos-reginae in form of tea is widely used for diabetes mellitus in Philippines. Methods: The pharmacognostical investigations of leaves of L flos-reginae was done by evaluating its morphological, microscopical studies, leaf constants, phytochemical screening and various physicochemical parameters. Results: The microscopical studies revealed presence of epidermis with striated cuticle, bilayered palisade, rannanculaceous stomata, abundant calcium oxalate rosettes and prisms, fragments of bordered pitted xylem vessels and lignified pericyclic fibres in groups. Physical constants of leaf powder showed 14.23% alcohol soluble extractive value, 15.75% water soluble extractive value, 8.94% total ash, 8.65%water soluble ash, 1.94% acid insoluble ash, phytochemical analysis revealed presence of triterpenoid saponins, tannins, alkaloids, steroids, sugars and proteins. Conclusion: The above pharmacognostical and preliminary phytochemical studies will be beneficial for proper identification and authentification of leaves of L. flos-reginae .


The experimental procedures, the irradiation conditions and the radiation behaviour of a number of organic materials at liquid nitrogen temperature are reported.


The purpose of this study is to evaluate the primary energy saving potential of an organic Rankine cycle integrated with a liquid desiccant and evaporative cooling-assisted ventilation system in a residential building. In cases where non vapor-compression-based systems are used, an evaporative cooler can lower the temperature of processed air using the latent heat of vaporization of water, while a liquid desiccant system can enhance the cooling effect of the evaporative cooler and dehumidify the processed air. This system can operate each component independently according to outdoor air conditions and can provide sensible cooling while meeting the ventilation requirements of the space considered. The organic Rankine cycle driven by a district heat source is applied to the ventilation system, and the heat and power generated are assumed to be used for the operation of the system. A simulation study was conducted during the cooling season that showed an adequate performance for the cooling system. The primary energy consumption of the proposed system was compared to the same ventilation system that was powered by a conventional grid power system and a boiler.


Orthodontic appliances, as well as mechanical procedures, are prone to evoke local soft-tissue responses in the gingiva. These effects can either be of positive nature, (physiologic recontouring), helping tooth movement, or negative ones, which should be avoided. The main source of negative outcomes involves orthodontic attachments, which inhibit efficient removal of bacterial biofilms (dental plaque). Undesirable complications are often due to an understandable lack of awareness while the orthodontist focuses on biomechanical matters. While conscientious attention to biomechanical progress justifies this focus, close attention should be paid to infection control and the possibility of iatrogenic side effects. This article considers the issues of ideal orthodontic clinical management as well as those of inadequate patient compliance and infection management. Exactly how therapeutic, prophylactic, and anti-infective issues are assumed or delegated by the orthodontist, patient, or the referring dentist is a matter of individual practice style and an integral part of the doctor-patient covenant. This article attempts to provide current information regarding clinical, microscopic, and molecular level effects of orthodontic tooth movement on gingival tissues during fixed appliance therapy, or remedial methods once orthodontic appliances are removed.


Objective: To evaluate the effects of phenolic acids (caffeic, ferulic, and coumaric acids) and flavones (luteolin and apigenin) on the proliferation and melanogenesis in murine melanoma B16-F10 cells. Methods: Cell proliferation was determined after 24 and 48 hours of incubation using MTT assay. The effects of these tested compounds on cell cycle progression were analyzed by flow cytometry. Moreover, the melanin content and tyrosinase activity were measured spectrophotometrically at 475 nm. Results: Luteolin and apigenin exhibited significant anti-proliferative activity against B16-F10 cells, while caffeic, ferulic, and coumaric acids induced slight inhibition after 24 and 48 hours of incubation. The tested compounds disturbed cell cycle progression of B16-F10, by a subsequent decrease in G1 and arrested cycle progression in either G1/S or G2/M phase. Furthermore, apigenin provoked an increase in melanin content of B16-F10 cells. In contrast, luteolin, caffeic, ferulic and coumaric acids induced a decrease in melanin content of B16-F10 cells by inhibiting tyrosinase activity. Conclusions: These active polyphenols may be used as skin whitening agents or natural tanning agents to treat skin pigmentation disorders.


The highly selective and sensitive detection of metal ions in aqueous solution is of great importance in tracking and studying the physiological functions of these ions in living organisms. Fe is a biologically important metal ion and plays an essential role in oxygen uptake, oxygen metabolism, and electron transfer. However, the presence of Fe in biological systems has to be efficiently moderated as both its deficiency and overloading can induce various biological disorders. Currently, the detection of Fe relies on small organic molecules, but these organic molecules are poorly soluble in water and cannot provide the necessary selectivity and sensitivity for Fe detection in biological environments. Recently, we reported that magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) that were modified with polyethylene glycol (PEG) derivatives were highly soluble and stable in physiological solutions. These properties indicate that the problems related to the low solubility of small organic molecules in biological solutions can be resolved by coupling these molecules to PEG-Fe3O4 NPs. The increased solubility should thus greatly improve the detection sensitivity. The presence of magnetic Fe3O4 NPs in the sensor-PEG-Fe3O4 NP conjugate should also facilitate the magnetic separation of the Fe-sensor-PEG-Fe3O4 from biological solutions, leading to the selective detection of Fe at ultralow concentrations. Herein, we report that a rhodamine 6G derivative, N(rhodamine-6G)lactam-ethylenediamine (Rh6G-LEDA) (1a), can be coupled to the PEG-Fe3O4 NPs (1b) and act as an Fe-selective fluorescent sensor (1c ; Scheme 1). Rhodamine-based sensors have received ever-increasing interest in sensing Pb, Cu, Hg, Fe, Cr, NO, and OCl ions. Their detection is based on the on/off switch of the spirocyclic moiety, mediated by the metal ion. For example, the spirocyclic form of Rh6G-LEDA (1a) is nearly nonfluorescent and colorless. But once bound to a metal ion, it is converted into the open-cyclic form with much better intramolecular conjugation. As a result, the complex is strongly fluorescent. Unfortunately, most of the reported rhodamine-based sensors that were intended for the detection of metal ions suffer from poor water solubility, thus preventing them from having practical applications in biological systems. We demonstrate that in the presence of various metal ions in water, 1b can selectively bind to Fe (1c), thereby leading to the sensitive detection of Fe with the detection limit reaching below 2 ppb. Such a sensitive Fe probe could also be applied to intracellular Fe detection using the enhanced fluorescence from 1 c. Fe3O4 NPs were synthesized from the thermal decomposition of [Fe(acac)3] (acac = acetylacetonate) in benzyl ether in the presence of oleylamine. The oleylamine-coated 12 nm Fe3O4 NPs, as shown by transmission electron microscopy (TEM; see the Supporting Information, Figure S1 A), were functionalized by replacing oleylamine with dopaminePEG, which had been synthesized from the acylation of PEG (MW = 2000) with bromoacetyl chloride, followed by a nucleophilic substitution reaction in which a bromo substituent was displaced by the dopamine NH2. The bromo-PEGFe3O4 reacted with 1a by a nucleophilic substitution reaction between the bromide and amine groups to give 1b (see the Supporting Information, Scheme S1). 1b was readily dispersed in water, with its solubility reaching 1.23 mgmL , and it stayed in the dispersion state for at least half a month. TEM Scheme 1. Structural illustration of Rh6G-LEDA (1a), its coupling with PEG-Fe3O4 NP (1b), and its complex with Fe III (1c) along with the structural change that enhances its fluorescence property.


What do the parents of tomorrow know about child care? This study aimed to obtain a baseline measurement of child care knowledge, to ascertain any differences in knowledge between adolescents with and without mild to moderate learning difficulties (MLD). In addition, we were interested to establish the effect of school nurse health education health input on knowledge in the learning difficulties subgroup. Assessment was by self-completed questionnaire and interview of a random sample of 14–16 year olds attending mainstream and special schools. Sixty pupils from secondary school and 33 from a MLD school took part in the study. Pupil knowledge in basic parenting and child care was dependent on the type of school attended, reading ability of those attending the MLD school and the provision of health education in the special school by the school nurse. No associations were found between pupils knowledge and their gender, family position or family size. Pupils from both schools scored lower in the areas of health service organisation and personnel, health promotion and management of common childhood conditions. Adolescents have insufficient knowledge of basic child care and services available for new parents. The effect of school based health education in these areas is promising. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


(ProQuest: ... denotes formulae omitted.)IntroductionUntil the early twentieth century, Cuba was considered a country of immigrants. Cuban people have been shaped by three major migration flows: European (mainly Spanish), African and Chinese, the most important being the Spanish power, involving around one and a half million people (Perez de la Riva 2000). In the second half of the nineteenth century, one-third of the Cuban population was born outside the island.From 1850 to 1899, 900,000 immigrants entered Cuba, primarily Spanish immigrants, representing 90 per cent of European immigration: mainly men working in the sugar and tobacco industry (Perez de la Riva 2000). In 1899, 10.97 per cent of the Cuban population was born abroad, 81 per cent of which were male (Demographic Yearbook of Cuba 1961 [1965]). From 1902 to 1932, 1.25 million immigrants entered Cuba, of which 800,000 were Spanish.After 1926, immigration declined until becoming insignificant in 1930. The global crisis of 1929 and the subsequent collapse of the sugar industry in the early years of the 1930s resulted in the loss of the immigration country status that characterised Cuba up until then (Aja Diaz 2002). In 1953, the proportion of people born abroad dropped to 3.95 per cent (Demographic Yearbook of Cuba 2010).Cuba's external migration rate, defined as the ratio of the difference in the number of immigrants and emigrants with respect to average population, per 1,000 population has been negative for several decades. In the last 30 years, it reached its lowest level in 1980 and 1994. In 1980, the figure reached 14.6 per 1,000 and in 1994 4.4 per 1,000 (Demographic Yearbook of Cuba 2010), coinciding with two major waves of migration from Cuba to the US, the first known as the Puente Maritimo del Mariel and the second as the Crisis de los Balseros.US has been for Cuba, and for other Latin American countries, the main destination of migration. The US Census for 2010 revealed that 50.5 million people (16.36% of the entire population) in the US are Hispanics, and this number rose from 35.3 million in 2000 to 50.5 million in 2010 (US Census Bureau 2010). Of these Hispanics, 1.12 million were born in Cuba, representing 3 per cent of foreigners living in the US (Motel and Patten 2012).Based on this data, the aim of this article is to analyse the characteristics, mainly educational, of Cubans who have emigrated to the US and compare them with those of Cubans who have remained in Cuba. In this way, we intend to address the self-selection problem among Cuban emigrants to the US in terms of educational levels and analyse the importance of educational levels on the probability of Cuban migration.The self-selection problem means that rational agents optimise their decision to participate in different markets, work, education, migration, etc. (Hotz 2011), and therefore, the migrants choose markets that offer more attractive expectations. Roy's (1951) model was the first to address this problem, analysing how individuals optimise their decision to belong to one group or another in a given market, depending on their skills.Self-selection not only depends on the unobservable characteristics of an individual such as ability, motivation, relatives or friends in the US (Borjas 1987) or access to financial resources (Chiquiar and Hanson 2005) but mainly depends on observable characteristics such as education.If there is a positive relationship between migration and education, that is, more educated persons migrate, we could be talking about the existence of human capital flight. If the migration of highly skilled labour is permanent, this process results in an increase in the growth potential of the receiving country of migrants and may represent a loss to the country of origin (Albo and Ordaz Diaz 2011).The self-selection problem of Cuban migrants has not been addressed since Borjas (1991) in the context of migration to the US from different countries, including Cuba. …


Imaging spectroscopy allows to identify and quantify water in different states based upon their discriminative absorption lines in the solar spectrum. We developed a coupled columnar water vapor (CWV) and canopy water content (CWC) retrieval method for spaceborne hyperspectral measurements like DESIS, PRISMA or the upcoming EnMAP mission. We linked the MODTRAN radiative transfer code to a surface reflectance model based on the Beer-Lambert law and quantified uncertainties using the maximum likelihood estimation. We simulated EnMAP TOA radiances using a coupling of PROSPECT, HySimCaR and EeteS. CWV and CWC were retrieved showing an R2 of 0.991 and 0.965, respectively. We observed a systematic overestimation of CWC by a factor of 3.374 since our model does not take into account volume scattering and different penetration depths within the canopy.


CYP3A4 and CYP4A5 share specificity for a wide range of xenobiotics with the CYP3 subfamily collectively involved in the biotransformation of approximately 30% of all drugs. CYP3A4/5 mRNA transcripts have been reported in the skin, yet knowledge of their protein expression and function is lacking. In this study, we observed gene and protein expression of CYP3A4/5 in both human skin and tissue‐engineered skin equivalents (TESEs), and enzyme activity was detected using the model substrate benzyl‐O‐methyl‐cyanocoumarin. Mass spectrometric analysis of TESE lysates following testosterone application revealed a time‐dependent increase in metabolite production, confirming the functional expression of these enzymes in skin.


316Background: PDAC needs validated diagnostic biomarkers for early detection and predictive markers for outcome. As 95% of PDACs harbor KRAS mutations (mKRAS), circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has potential utility in PDAC. We assessed the ability to detect and correlate mKRAS in a metastatic PDAC cohort from Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center. Methods: 10 mL of whole blood was collected. cfDNA was extracted with QIAmp or QIAsymphony DNA extraction kits (Qiagen, Valencia, CA). Directed (KRAS G12D, G12R, G12V, Q61H) or multiplex (G12A, G12C, G12D, G12R, G12S, G12V, G13D) digital droplet PCR (ddPCR) was performed with Raindrop Plus (Raindance Technologies, Billerica, MA) or QX200 (BioRad, Hercules, CA) ddPCR systems. Number and size of liver, lung and lymph node metastases, peritoneal disease (mild, moderate, severe), ascites (trace, small, large) and bone mets (Y/N) were assessed by CT scan. Results: See table. 21 (55%) had detectable ctDNA (ctDNA(+)) with mean mutant allele fraction of 4.5% (0.015-36.8)...


Publics service is a based mission of government. Government in every level and every places will be seen from capacity to give public service, so that the  quality of public service to be improved continuesly. Nnevertheless the effort to realize a better quality of public service is still a big problem in Indonesia, due to the massive practice of rentseeking and discrimination in serving. This research aimed to study the performance of public service in agrarian office in Semarang city. This research used a quantitative method based on the principle of public satisfaction index (IKM). This research found that public was still not satisfied with the service of the agrarian office because the interval of public satisfaction fell between the range of 43,75 – 62,50 -- C category


Minimally processed fruits and vegetables caused the emergence of a new plant processing industry in the world. The physiological and physical changes in cucumber were studied after treating with edible films coating and ozone water. The study showed that the concentration of 4.2 mg m -3 ozone and the C treat- ment (polyvinyl alcohol 134 (1%); chitosan (1%); lithium chloride (0.5%); glacial acetic acid (2.5%); sodium benzoate (0.05%)) with a combined coating inhibits respiration and chlorophyll break- down. Furthermore, it can also lower the soluble solids content and inhibit the polyphenol oxidases (PPO) activity.


this study examined the effects of disclosure about a highly stressful event and perceived social reactions to the disclosure on posttraumatic growth (PtG) and distress. Participants (395 Japanese university students) reported on their most traumatic life event that had occurred less than 10 years previously. those who had disclosed about their events provided open-ended descriptions of the per ceived social reactions they received. the reactions were coded using two different classifications: a global categorization (Positive, Negative, and other), and then a more precise assignment to 7 categories (Sympathizing, encouraging, listening, Mutual disclosing, being confused, Not taking it seriously, and other). PtG was higher in those who disclosed about the event. in addition, those who perceived their recipients' reactions as involving mutual disclosure reported higher PtG than those who reported reactions of being confused, and higher distress than those who reported reactions of listening, encouraging, and sympathizing. these findings point to the importance of disclosure and of perceived recipients' reactions to disclosure in the PtG and distress processes.


We design annular screens with the average value of the angular variation set to zero that produce zero irradiance along the optical axis. This kind of screens may be useful for optical alignment. 1.


Corrections for secondary extinction evaluated from the diffraction intensities for equivalent reflections with different path lengths provide an independent check on values that minimize differences between observed and calculated structure factors. Comparison of equivalent intensities also avoids any extinction-parameter bias, which originates in correlation of the extinction corrections with bonding-electron contributions to X-ray structure factors. Corrections from the comparison of equivalent reflections for several X-ray diffraction studies on small crystals of ionic compounds are markedly less than those that minimize differences between observed and calculated structure factors. The discrepancies that originate in extinction-parameter bias are exacerbated by the unfavourable form of the statistical distribution function for the residuals when differences between observed and calculated structure factors are minimized. Analysis of intensities for equivalent reflections, although more demanding experimentally, provides least-squares residuals closer to the normal distribution required for reliability in nonlinear least-squares processes.


Does socio-political circumstance have an impact on religion, religious conversion or religious beliefs? Assuming it does, how does such circumstance shape the theology and beliefs of a people who exist amid a turbulent socio-political situation? In this paper I will analyze the impact of socio-political turbulence on Nagas and assert that among the Nagas there is a correlation between the height of political violence and the rapid conversion to Christianity. The long history of colonial violence and suppression coupled with the undermining of Naga cultural values and practices by the process of proselytization created an atmosphere conducive for conversion to Christianity and shaped the Nagas' theological choices.


Background and Objectives::Yoga is a popular therapy for type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. India is considered the capital of Diabetes in the universe, as 1 in every 11 deaths is due to Diabetes mellitus. The World Health Organization has announced "BEAT DIABETES" as the goal of 2016. This study is done to assess the role of Yoga as a healer of Diabetes Mellitus, specifically type Aims and Objectives: To compare the glycosylated hemoglobin levels in the Diabetic subjects who are practicing and not practicing Yoga. Materials and Method: The study and control group includes 100 male diabetic individuals between 50-65 years, 50 members practicing Yoga regularly and 50 members not practicing yoga. Glycosylated hemoglobin compared between the study and control group. Results: There is significant reduction in the glycosylated hemoglobin levels in diabetic individuals practicing yoga. Conclusion: yoga can be practiced by diabetics as a measure of reducing the mortality due to diabetes.


Over the past decade, malware has grown exponentially. Traditional signature-based approaches to detecting malware have proven their limitations against new malware, and categorizing malware samples has become essential to understanding the basics of malware behavior. Recently, antivirus solutions have increasingly started to adopt machine learning approaches. Unfortunately, there are few open source data sets available for the academic community. One of the largest data sets available was published last year in a competition on Kaggle with data provided by Microsoft for the big data innovators gathering. This chapter explores the problem of malware classification. In particular, this chapter proposes an innovative and scalable approach using convolutional neural networks (CNN) and long short-term memory (LSTM) to assign malware to the corresponding family. The proposed method achieved a classification accuracy of 98.73% and an average log loss of 0.0698 on the validation data.


Many studies focusing on circular RNAs (circRNAs) have recently been published. However, a large number of circRNAs remain to be explored. This study was designed to discover new circRNAs and investigate their potential roles in the pathogenesis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).


of Dissertation Presented to the Graduate School of the University of Florida in Partial Fulfillment o f the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy PHOTOLUMINESCENCE AND ELECTROLUMINESCENCE OF NEAR-INFRARED EMITTING LANTHANIDE COMPLEXES IN CONJUGATED POLYMER HOSTS By Benjamin Scott Harrison May 2003 Chair: Kirk S. Schanze Major Department: Chemistry The photoluminescent and electroluminescent properties of near-infrared emitting lanthanide monoporphyrinate complexes blended into conjugated polymers were investigated. The lanthanide monoporphyrinate complexes, Ln(TPP)L consisted of a lanthanide (Ln= Er3+, Nd3+, Pr3+, Tm3+, Yb3+) coordinated to 5,10, 15, 20tetraphenylporphyrin (TPP) and a capping ligand, L. The capping ligand was either an acetylacetonate (acac), /ra-pyrazoylborate (TP), or (cyclopentadienyl) tris(diethoxyphosphito-P)cobaltate) (L(OEt)3 ) anion. The optical absorption properties of these complexes resembled "regular" metalloporphyrin absorption which was not significantly influenced with different coordinated lanthanide ions or capping ligands. The photoluminescent properties showed quenching of the porphyrin emission and O I ^ *> 1 A A sensitized near-infrared emission from Yb ( Fs/2 -> F7/2 , [977 nm]); Nd ( F3/2 —> I 11/2 ,


The world today is technology driven which has brought about development in all spheres of human endeavour. Based on this, there is urgent need to use Information and Communication Technology (ICT) which can be seen in computers, satellite, global system of mobile communication etc. and its application to the teaching of social studies in Nigeria Colleges of Education. This paper establishes that relying on textbooks and traditional patterns of teaching cannot make for effective teaching and learning of social studies. The paper therefore, highlights the need to use information and  communication technology (ICT) in teaching of social studies in Nigeria Colleges of Education. It also highlighted some of the problems and challenges militating against the use of ICT in teaching and learning of social studies and concluded that government should make provision for ICT in Nigeria Colleges of Education and train teachers in the skills as this will make tertiary institutions of learning remain relevant in the global scheme of things educationally.


Teaching themselves is a professional status of novice teachers,including three characteristics with practicality,subjectivity and generative.Misunderstand of the teaching practice,fuzzy values,and block the generative channel,these lead to form teaching themselves difficultly.Professional development of novice teachers chooses growing up teaching practice,adopting consciousness of subject,and expending the generative channel,to be in the way of teaching style.


This short exploration details one example of how the web can be used to present, discuss, and search for alternative perspectives on many economic issues as well as to teach students the importance of identifying the author(s) or institution(s) presenting the website information.


Biological invasion has become a serious ecological and economic problem.Invasive pests occupy the niche in native species,reduce biodiversity in introduced range,affect the structure and function of ecosystem,and cause great economic losses on agriculture,forestry and stockbreeding.Feasible methods to control noxious invasive species are needed urgently.Biocontrol is one of the most important methods for controlling invasive pest.With this method invasive pest could be controlled economically,effectively and persistently without harmful effects on environment.Traditional biocontrol has become one of the most important methods for controlling noxious alien invasive weeds. In this paper,a brief introduction to biocontrol was given firstly.Then the theoretical basis for traditional biocontrol,i.e.enemy release hypothesis,and the direct and indirect effects of biocontrol agents on target alien invasive species and on nontarget native species were detailed.Enemy release hypothesis is one of the oldest and most influential hypotheses.It attributes the success to the fact that exotic species,upon introduction,are liberated from their specialist herbivores and pathogens.Release from strong suppression by enemies in their native range enables exotic species to attain higher densities and wider distribution in their introduced range.To test the hypothesis,many field surveys, common garden experiments and enemy exclusion experiments have been conducted on biogeographical levels and community levels.However,the hypothesis is not confirmed on some species,indicating that the success of these species can not be attributed to enemy release in their introduced range.For this kind species,biocontrol may not attain expectative results.Biocontrol should be used to control the species whose success is due to enemy release in their introduced range.Biocontrol agents can influence exotic species fitness and competition,reduce their abundance and distribution in their introduced range.However,the potential risk of biocontrol must be kept in mind in practicei;biocontrol agents may induce direct effects through host shifting and indirect effects on nontarget native species through ecological replacement,compensatory responses and food-web subsidies.The potential risk can be reduced or even eliminated through using efficacy and host-specific biocontrol agents.Therefore,it is very important in practice to test the efficacy and host-specific of biocontrol agents.Finally some suggestions of biocontrol in China were given.


We examined the simultaneous effects of temperature and food quality on the performance of Manduca sexta (L.), a specialist on Solanaceae. Temperature was manipulated using two representative therm...


Raw ingredients commonly used in the cat food manufacturing are derived fromvarious sources such as meat, meat by products, fish, poultry, vegetables, vegetables byproducts, cereals, fruits, and bones. Meat meal and meat bone meal are unpopular rawingredients since they are manufactured from carcasses and offal of cows, pigs, goats andsheep and may even contain deleterious and unhealthy ingredients. There is the possibility ofthe occurrence of ingredients containing non halal components. There are several types of catfood in the market which are graded based on their ingredients and nutritive values especiallythe protein content. The biological values of the popular protein sources used in cat foodmanufacturing were highlighted. The importance of carbohydrate content, which is mostlynot available on the packaging pack is emphasized and the method of calculation shown.


Four species of the monacanthid genus Brachaluteres are recognised: B. jacksonianus (Quoy and Gaimard) from southern Australia; B. taylori Woods from Queensland, Lord Howe Island, New Guinea and the Marshall Islands; B. ulvarum Jordan and Snyder from Japan; and B. fahaqa Clark and Gohar from the Red Sea. The long accepted name of B. baueri (Richardson) is shown to be ajunior synonym of B. jacksonianus. A key to the species is provided, as well as diagnostic illustrations.


Mask aligner lithography is one of the most widely used technologies for micro-optical elements fabrication. It offers a high throughput with high-yield processing. With different resolution enhancement technologies shadow printing is a mature alternative to the more expensive projection or electron-beam lithography. We are presenting a novel mask aligner tool that allows shifting the photomask with high accuracy between sequential exposure shots. It offers possibilities such as double patterning or gray tone lithography by applying different light doses at different locations. Within this publication, we show the first results for high resolution blazed grating structures generated in photoresist by multiple exposures using a conventional binary photomask.


California but general reading of the literature suggests otherwise. The implications of a greatly improved information system for the police is discussed in Skolnick's and Woodworth's study of a Californian police morals squad. This particular essay seemed to have more authenticity in its description of police thinking and behaviour. In many ways the interaction processes described are relevant to the Australian environment. It seems appropriate that any research into the Chicago Police Department should be done by a Professor Wilson, for it was another Wilson, Superintendent Orlando W., assisted by his executive officer, Colonel Keith Wilson, who was responsible for the tremendous improvement in that force over the past six years. Professor James Wilson in his useful contribution describes the results of his testing of two hypotheses about the relationship of police efficiency to police morale. He interprets the result as' showing that police morale is not simply a function of technically competent police management, and he draws attention to the importance of public opinion as an external factor influencing that morale. The closing essay is a long one by John A. McNamara who describes at length some of the uncertainties in American police work. The reviewer had difficulty in accepting his criticisms as applying generally to the New York City Police Department. Certainly personal experience is limited to association with their Juvenile Squad but they were found to be well trained, efficient, the majority of whom have 'at least one degree in sociology. It is most interesting to note how welltrained observers, when given appropriate access, can learn a great deal about large and complex organizations like the New York City and Chicago Police Departments. In their endeavours to report this information objectively, however, they seem to have rather over-zealously sought to avoid any suggestion of police partiality. This may have been responsible for the mixed reception the essays appear to have received in America, despite the editor's comment in the preface that "the chapters in this volume reflect a growing and more sympathetic interest in the police among sociologists and other scholars". The essays have a small selected bibliography of recent books and articles as an appendix. It is perhaps relevant to note that no space was available to mention any of the publications of Orlando Wilson, probably America's most successful police administrator and formerly dean of the School of Criminology, University of California. This book certainly has some interest for sociologists, but primarily it provides a good deal of useful material on American police systems. To any serious student of the institution of police this book will prove an invaluable acquisition.


This article discusses and exemplifies the ways in which Italian as a product of translation differs from spontaneous Italian. In particular, the translated language would seem to be characterised by more options than native Italian, due to free variation with the options influenced by the language of the original text. Though somehow a physiological byproduct of the translation activity, interference should be monitored, as it may give rise to different interpretations from those of the original text and/or to stylistic choices not appropriate to the context.