The following research hypothesis was investigated in the present study* Increasing the amount and specificity of information should facilitate group decision-making and enhance subsequent measures. College students were employed in a study of group and individual responses to information input varied by type and amount. Statistics, example, and testimony were varied in minimal and augmented amounts of information to produce six experimental conditions assigned to four groups per condition with four subjects per group. Groups rank-ordered a set of four solutions previously generated and ranked by a panel of experts for solution of a problem in labor economics follow ing input of one of the six information conditions and a subsequent twenty minute discussion. No significant differ ences were obtained among group decisions as a function of information type or amount or an interaction between the two information variables. A second area of analysis concerned measures of time required by each discussion phase. No significant differences were obtained among treatment conditions on measures of the orientation, evaluation, or control phases of discussion or


As the shipping industry is growing, more and more propulsion systems are being developed with better propulsion capabilities. These current and newly developing systems in ships are expected to cause scour at beds around berthing structures with greater likelihood than the systems preceding them, which increases the importance of protection methods used to deal with this issue. In early 2015, the World Association for Waterborne Transport Infrastructure (PIANC) has published a report titled 'Guidelines for Protecting Berthing Structures from Scour Caused by Ships' with the aim of providing practical guidelines and detailed background information about vessel propulsion systems in order to allow designers to make a proper design of the bed protection in front of the berth structures or to estimate the scour expected to develop. However, the applicability of these guidelines to real scenarios remains to be assessed. The limitations and uncertainties associated with the guidelines have been determined by applying the aforementioned guidelines to the riprap type of bed protection design of both open and solid berthing structures in an inland mooring facility located in the Rotterdam harbour. In examining these guidelines, it was revealed that several assumptions are necessary due to lack of information on various parameters and some specifications of the design ship, along with shortcomings and limitations of the methods and equations presented. The significance of these assumptions on the applicability of the guidelines has been investigated. In cases where limitations have been found, owing to assumptions or otherwise, certain solutions can be offered to overcome these. The guidelines were found to be applicable and provide decent instructions for a proper bed protection design in spite of the requirement of some assumptions. The effectiveness of the guidelines can be improved thanks to further research with bed protection designs for different case study locations and various bed protection methods to verify the conclusions reached in this study. Moreover, supplementary resources like a catalogue containing detailed information about several ship characteristics with relatively higher influences in the design process can help designers to gather more accurate data to be used in the calculations.


HEGARTY, MEGHAN SARAH. Technology for Continuously Monitoring the Effectiveness of Compression Therapy for Improving Patient Outcome. (Under the direction of Edward Grant.) Compression therapy has traditionally been considered the cornerstone of the treatment and management process for chronic venous disease and other conditions affecting the peripheral vascular system. It is delivered in the form of bandages, multi-layer wraps, or stockings/socks, although pneumatic systems may be used. In order for compression therapy to be effective, adequate levels of pressure must be maintained. The pressure profile of medical compression hosiery is determined by the tension in the fabric and the radius of the limb, and can be calculated using Laplace's Law. The tension in the fabric also relates to the radius of the limb insofar as determining the amount that it is stretched from its original length. Therefore, information related to the size of the limb and the material properties of the fabric are needed to ensure that the desired pressure is being delivered so that compression therapy is clinically effective. Unfortunately, the current tools and tests that are in place are confined to the hospital, clinic, or laboratory environment. Furthermore, many are subjective and/or do not provide comprehensive information. Because swelling and other symptoms associated with vascular conditions often change throughout the day, this introduces bias both from the discontinuous nature of the information, as well as differences between the health professionals evaluating the patients. In response to this need, a wearable bioimpedance analysis system was created in order to continuously quantify tissue impedance. This information can be used to indicate changes in volume and edema, and different properties can be studied depending upon the interrogation frequency. The system was tested both in a controlled environment, as well as in a realistic wear test, and found to be able to measure small changes in impedance in both instances. In order to be able to predict how to best modify the amount of pressure being delivered, more information about the material properties of compression hosiery was also needed. Currently, there is no international standard for measuring the pressure profile of medical compression hosiery, and many of the existing methods rely on taking pressure measurements at select points only. An independent method of correlation that verified the point pressure measurements from traditional testing devices with continuous data was proposed and tested. This information was used to predict the pressures that would be recorded on the limb using Laplace's Law. Future work for this research involves studying the body's response to fully characterized compression garments and pneumatic systems. Different pressures and fabric stiffness will be tested on both healthy individuals and those suffering from various venous and lymphatic diseases. This information will be used to improve the effectiveness of compression therapy by intelligently selecting the best properties to treat a given condition. © Copyright 2013 by Meghan Sarah Hegarty


Quantifying soil respiration components and their relations to environmental controls are essential to estimates carbon bugets of plantation ecosystems.Trenching-plot and infrared gas exchange analyzer approaches were used to determine heterotrophic respiration(RH) and autotrophic respiration(RA) in soil surface CO2 flux for Robinia pseudoacacia plantation in the reclaimation of Antaibao Opencast Coal Mine,Shanxi.The results showed that there was a significant seasonal variation in R,RA(P0.01) and root respiration proportion(RC),but not in RA(P0.05) and the variant law of RC just was converse to the law of R and RA.Both R and RH in relationship with single of soil temperature and moisture all can be described as a power function(R2 =0.115,0.174;P0.05) and liner function(r =0.314,0.430;P 0.01)and with both of them can be described as a power function(R2 =0.296,0.404;P 0.05).Furthermore,the relationship of RH higher than R.The Q10 value,representing the sensitivity of RH to soil temperature was higher than those of R.In order to quantifying soil respiration components of Robinia pseudoacacia plantation,we should make long-term dynamic research.


Needle-punced nonwovens is a kind of multiple void structure materials and own excellent acoustical absorption performance.Its prodution process is easy,raw materials source is rich and it has abroad application prospect.With people regarding environment,people look for way to eliminate noise and so acoustical absorption materials will play a greater role.In the paper,structure of needle-punched acoustical aborption materials is analysed,and its influence to acoustical sbsorption performance is analysed through three aspects,such as thickness,surface density and fiber denier.


e structure is taken into account by means of large unit cells, whereas in the simplest one, the graphene moirs completely neglected by representing the system as a stretched graphene layer that adapts pseudomorphically to Ru(0001). As shown in previous work, the more complex model provides an accurate description of the existing experimental observations. More interestingly, we show that the simplified stretched models, which are computationally inexpensive, reproduce qualitatively the main features of the surface electronic structure. They also provide a simple and comprehensive picture of the observed electronic structure, thus making them particularly useful for the analysis of these and maybe other complex interfaces.


The purpose of this article is to reveal and generalise the essence of museum mediation under the conditions of modern museum space; to examine the mediation as a form of educational activity of the museum. The research methodology involves the use of such methods as analysis, systematisation and generalisation to identify the concept of museum mediation in the context of the educational activity of the museum institution. Taking into account the current state of museum studies in Ukraine where mediation as a form of educational activity is on the initial stage of development in museums and museum-type institutions, this research systematises and generalises the basic theoretical achievements; it is demonstrated that at the present stage the topic of research has not yet been comprehensively displayed in the national scientific literature. The mediation is defined and characterized as an innovative form of educational activity in museums in Ukraine. Conclusions. It has been found that today for the museum as one of the centres of communication in the cultural space the important result of its activity is the establishment of the stable and constructive dialogue with its audience. It is determined that modern museology regards the mediation as a specific form of communication at the intersection of the main directions of activity: scientific-stock, research, exposition and education. The study has confirmed that a field for positive understanding of the parties (exposition space, museum expert, visitor), for search of the new options acceptable for all participants of communication is created in the process of museum mediation. Mediation as a form of educational activity of the museum facilitates the mobilization of different methods, means and technologies for updating a museum item and presenting it to a visitor. The result is the formation of personal attitude towards the historical context, which can inspire the process of self-knowledge and give the reason to consider the museum as a unique cultural institution where through mediation self-knowledge and cognition of the surrounding reality are realised. The expediency of introducing mediation as a form of educational activity in domestic museums is justified.


Correction for 'Ultra-fast and highly sensitive enzyme-free glucose biosensing on a nickel–nickel oxide core–shell electrode' by Halima Begum et al., RSC Adv., 2017, 7, 3554–3562.


As an efficient training strategy for single hidden layer neural networks, extreme learning machine, and its variants have been widely used due to its fast learning speed and superior generalization performance. However, when used for quaternion signal processing, extreme learning machine cannot make full use of the cross-channel correlation and quaternion statistics and thus often provides only suboptimal solutions. To this end, in this paper, we extend the extreme learning machine to quaternion domain and then propose two augmented quaternion extreme learning machine models for quaternion signal processing. These two models incorporate the involutions of the network input and hidden nodes, respectively, and can fully capture the second-order statistics of quaternion signals. In order to overcome the possible overfitting problem, two corresponding regularized augmented algorithms are also derived with the help of the generalized HR calculus. The superiority of the proposed models is verified by the simulation results.


The theoretical and experimental researches were conducted for the process technology of cyclohexanone production by oxidizing liquid phase cyclohexane.According to Semyonov′s free radical theory and the actual data of the production plant,the process of both cobalt salt catalytic oxidation and non-catalytic oxidation of cyclohexane was investigated,and the theoretical derivation was conducted.The mathematical model was obtained for the cyclohexane oxidation,and the new process technology that combines the catalytic oxidation and non-catalytic oxidation was developed.Based on the theoretical research for the decomposition process of cyclohexyl hydrogen peroxide under homogeneous catalysis and non-homogeneous catalysis,and through experimental validation in the laboratory,the new process for pseudo-homogeneous decomposition was developed.


The set of guidelines for good clinical research practice in pharmacodynamic studies of neuromuscular blocking agents was developed following an international consensus conference in Copenhagen in 1996 (Viby‐Mogensen et al., Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 1996, 40, 59–74); the guidelines were later revised and updated following the second consensus conference in Stockholm in 2005 (Fuchs‐Buder et al., Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2007, 51, 789–808). In view of new devices and further development of monitoring technologies that emerged since then, (e.g., electromyography, three‐dimensional acceleromyography, kinemyography) as well as novel compounds (e.g., sugammadex) a review and update of these recommendations became necessary. The intent of these revised guidelines is to continue to help clinical researchers to conduct high‐quality work and advance the field by enhancing the standards, consistency, and comparability of clinical studies.


The invention relates to a portable water-receiving type appliance for treating mastitis distending pain through hot-wet compress, belonging to the technical field of medical equipment. When some parturient women suffer from the mastitis distending pain after childbirth, the curative effect is slower through oral medication treatment; the curative effect is good through the hot compress on the basis of the principle of curing the internal disease by external treatment; but when the simple hot compress is carried out by using a hot-wet towel, the towel needs to be continually supported by a hand, which has the disadvantages that the heating is not uniform, the heating time is short, the operation is repeated and very troublesome and the physical strength consumption is large. The technical scheme of the invention is described as follows: two ends of a bust rubber elastic ring (5) are respectively fixed on two sides of a flexible supporting plastic plate (1) with a temperature measuring meter (2); a water receiving groove (6) is arranged on the flexible supporting plastic plate (1) with a nipple positioning outlet (7); three positioning fixing band rings (4) are respectively fixed on the flexible supporting plastic plate (1); and a hot water-soaked annular towel (3) is inserted in the three positioning fixing band rings (4) and adhered on the back side of the flexible supporting plastic plate (1). The portable water-receiving type appliance has the advantages that when in use, the operation is simple and convenient; the wet towel does not need to be repeatedly supported by the hand; and the physical strength consumption is greatly reduced.


OBJECTIVE
To estimate the proportion of community-acquired pneumonia patients with disagreement between Confusion, Uraemia, Respiratory rate, Blood pressure, age > 65 years recommendation and physician's decision to hospitalise or not.

METHODS
This cross-sectional nation-wide, non-interventional, cross-sectional study was carried out across 10 cities of Pakistan from December 2011 to May 2012, and recruited consenting adult patients with confirmatory diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia on chest X-ray. Confusion, Uraemia, Respiratory rate, Blood pressure, age > 65 years recommendation for each patient was determined at the time of analysis. This recommendation was compared with treatment decision made by the physician. Disagreement was considered when the physician's decision did not match with the recommendation. SPSS 18 was used for data analysis.

RESULTS
Of the 352 patients, 201(57.10%) were males. The overall mean age was 50.67±18.45 years. In 140(39.77%) patients there was disagreement between Confusion, Uraemia, Respiratory rate, Blood pressure, age > 65 years recommendation and physician's decision regarding hospitalisation or outpatient care. Of the 352 cases 132(37.50%) were hospitalised despite the recommendation of outpatient treatment.

CONCLUSIONS
In almost four out of every 10 patients there was disagreement between Confusion, Uraemia, Respiratory rate, Blood pressure, age > 65 years recommendation and the physician's decision regarding hospitalisation of community-acquired pneumonia patients.


EDITOR,--The use of cocaine and adrenaline paste is a controversial issue among otolaryngologists.1 In 1991 the British Association of Otolaryngologists—Head and Neck Surgeons surveyed all consultant surgeons who were members and found that 63.5% used cocaine without adrenaline, 19.5% used cocaine and adrenaline, and 17% used cocaine with and without adrenaline.2 Of the 312 who used cocaine, …


The potential benefits of inoculation of Piceasitchensis (Bong.) Carr. seedlings with ectomycorrhizal fungi are being explored in trials on two first-rotation forest sites (at Wealside and Gleedlee) in Northumberland. Trials have been initiated on two contrasting soil types at each site, using plants inoculated with isolates of fungi that occur early in the mycorrhizal succession (Hebelomacrustuliniforme (Bull, ex St. Amans) Quelet, H. subsaponaceum Karst., Laccarialaccata (Scop, ex Fr.) Cooke, L. proximo (Boud.) Pat., L. tortilis (Bolt.) S. F. Gray, Paxillusinvolutus (Batsch) Fr., and Thelephoraterrestris Ehrenb. ex Fr.), together with appropriate control treatments. Inoculation treatments produced significant differences in growth on both sites. At Wealside, and on one soil type at Gleedlee, height increment was positively correlated with the proportion of the root system that was mycorrhizal at planting, rather than to the type of inoculum perse. In contrast, on the other soil at Gleedlee, increment wa...


Infectious bronchitis (IB) is one of the devastating chicken viral diseases that causes significant financial loses to chicken industry worldwide. In this study, highly purified recombinant nucleocapsid protein (rNP) of IB virus (IBV) was used to develop an in-house enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA) for the detection of IB. The iELISA was optimized to achieve maximum sensitivity and specificity. All tested broiler chicken farms were positive for IBV antibody in a commercial ELISA kit (cELISA) and the optimized iELISA. Thirty three (33) specific pathogen free (SPF) chickens and 20 broiler chickens held in a restricted environment tested negative for IBV antibody in both ELISA. The above results suggest that the iELISA is a sensitive and specific test for the detection of antibody to IBV in chicken flocks.


Measurement ofintrathylakoid aqueous volumes byelectron spin resonance spectroscopy wasusedtostudy ionic permeability properties ofthylakoid membranes isolated fromBetavulgaris L.andAvicennia germinans L.Thethylakoids behaved asperfect osmometers inthe presence ofsorbitol andbetaine. Thylakoids exposed tohypertonic solutions ofNaCIandKCIshrank andsubsequently swelled, requiring 10minutes toregain their original volume. Theinitial influx rate calculated fromthekinetics ofchanges inintrathylakoid volume inresponse to450millimolar gradients ofNaClandKQ was23x 10-'moles per square centimeter persecond. These datashowthat thepassive permeability toNaCQandKCIwaslow.


In this paper we build a neural network model to predict prevalence of malaria for a given geographic location and year. We report on our experience of building the most suitable neural network architecture for this problem. We show that both utilizing dropout and Adam optimizer in the network training process is very effective and can lead to a precise model without overfitting issues. Incorporating rainfall data leads to a significant improvement in the precision of the model, highlighting the fact that this is an important factor in the spread of malaria. We then utilize the selected best neural network to predict the outcome of eradicating malaria at given locations. This can help to decide where to use limited resources, like vaccines or insecticides, for the largest possible impact in malaria control.


currently, about 66% of adults are overweight, and approximately ∼33% of adults are clinically obese. Excess weight is a risk factor for numerous conditions, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, stroke, cancer, adverse reproductive outcomes, osteoarthritis, and


We show that a diffeological bundle gives rise to an exact sequence of internal tangent spaces. We then introduce two new classes of diffeological spaces, which we call weakly filtered and filtered diffeological spaces, whose tangent spaces are easier to understand. These are the diffeological spaces whose categories of pointed plots are (weakly) filtered. We extend the exact sequence one step further in the case of a diffeological bundle with filtered total space and base space. We also show that the tangent bundle $T^H X$ defined by Hector is a diffeological vector space over $X$ when $X$ is filtered or when $X$ is a homogeneous space, and therefore agrees with the dvs tangent bundle introduced by the authors in a previous paper.


"Well, Miss Elliot...we shall never agree I suppose upon this point. No man and woman would, probably. But let me observe that all histories are against you, all stories, prose and verse...I do not think I ever opened a book in my life which had not something to say upon woman's inconstancy. Songs and proverbs, all talk of woman's fickleness. But perhaps you will say, these were all written by men." "Perhaps I shall. -Yes, yes, if you please, no reference to examples in books. Men have had every advantage of us in telling their own story. Education has been theirs in so much higher a degree; the pen has been in their hands. I will not allow books to prove any thing." (Persuasion, chapter 23) Coming very near the end of Austen's last novel (1818), this sharp observation on the gender biases inherent in literary discourse has often been taken as a characteristically oblique expression of her feminism as well as a defense of her singular craft. Notwithstanding the truth that the passage reveals considerable self-reflection, the ironies (the pen is after all in Austen's hand) attending that traditional reading are manifold: it demands that we accept at face value what is, both in the novel and life, knowingly, wittily, undercut.


An 80-year-old man presented to the emergency department with left-sided groin pain and anuria. He was known to have bilateral inguinal hernias, and was unable to reduce his left-sided inguinal hernia, which was becoming increasingly painful. Due to his ~24-hour history of anuria, a urinary catheter was placed, resulting in ~50 mL of urine being drained on insertion, but no further output subsequently.

Serology revealed a metabolic acidosis, an acute kidney injury with a creatinine …


This paper explores how the writing of German philosopher G.W.F. Hegel might resource Christian thinking beyond a dualistic sacred-secular divide. It does so by engaging three primary Hegelian motifs: double negation, objective right and dialectic, applying each to specific presuppositions and effects of dualistic thinking. Each motif offers tools for unpacking and reworking problematic framings of Christian identity, potentially then offering resources to move beyond these, into whole-hearted Christian engagement toward human flourishing in the world.


A new class of hybrid three-level converters (H3LC) has been recently proposed for voltage-source-converter high-voltage direct current (VSC-HVDC) transmission technology. It features both a small footprint and high efficiency. In the literature, however, the H3LC's semiconductor losses have only been verified quantitatively through detailed simulation, and only at two operating voltages. This paper presents an analytical method to determine the H3LC's efficiency over its entire operating range by taking into consideration the conduction power losses of its semiconductor devices, which are assumed to be dominating. Lacking in the literature, this paper presents a method to simplify the determination of the theoretical semiconductor conduction power losses for hybrid three-level converters to improve the converters' design-to-implementation time. To verify the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed analytical methodology for power loss calculation, the results are compared against the values obtained from the simulations using the detailed equivalent model (DEM). The proposed analytical method is demonstrated to give accurate predictions of the dominant power losses over a wide range of operating conditions, which may be used for determining the optimal design and operation the H3LCs in practice.


The purpose of the present work is to understand physical phenomena occurring in roving structures under transverse compression. In order to reach this aim, transverse behavior of prototype rovings featuring a small number of polyamide 6.6 filaments are studied using an experimental device developed in our laboratory. Moreover, the effect of roving characteristics on their transverse compression behavior is examined. The studied characteristics are filament diameter and number, roving twist and tension. It is found that the roving behavior under compression shows plateaus separated by a significant increase of compression force, indicating discontinuous changes in the roving structures. This fact may be attributed to a reorganization of rovings followed by a local slippage between filaments. Transverse properties of rovings are affected by contact-friction inter filaments and the initial filament section fraction. In fact, it is more difficult to compact high-twisted rovings. Rovings with a greater number of filaments require a higher force in order to be compacted. The pre-tension of the rovings has no noticeable effect on their compression behavior.


The implication of Belgium-linked terrorists in the shootings and bombings on November 13, 2015 in Paris — around the Stade de France football stadium, in four pubs and restaurants and the Bataclan concert hall — became more and more obvious during the police investigation that followed these events. Today we know that the bombings at Brussels Airport and the Maalbeek subway station on March 22, 2016 were committed by the same French-Belgian jihadi network.

 The consequence has been that many international observers focused on the Belgian police system, wondering why the Belgian police forces had not been able to prevent the radicalisation of these persons. In this paper we examine this question, explaining what happened during the period that preceded these assaults and decoding what the events mean for the Belgian police system today. In other words, this paper doesn't go into the reaction to radicalisation and the subsequent violence itself, but into the preventive and pro-active actions that had been undertaken earlier to avoid the radicalisation of certain "at-risk" individuals and groups. The main argument we want to develop here is that a targeted prevention agenda was largely present in discourse, but to a great extent absent in practice. Further, we advocate that, if implemented, this kind of preventive approach would have been much more effective than the repressive criminal justice agenda now applied with respect to jihadi terrorism.


Authors of the article attempts to describe a state of the problem and accumulated achievements in the flax industry, which are in conjunction with one of the main agronomic remedies, namely fertilization and its influence on the quality of obtained products.


Based on the concept of switched-capacitor based multilevel inverter topology, a new structure for a boost multilevel inverter topology has been recommended in this paper. The proposed topology uses 11 unidirectional switches with a single switched capacitor unit to synthesize nine-level output voltage waveform. Apart from the twice voltage gain, self-voltage balancing of capacitor voltage without any auxiliary method along with reduced voltage stress has been the main advantages of this topology. The merits of proposed topology have been analyzed through various comparison parameters including component counts, voltage stresses, cost and efficiency with a maximum value of 98.3%, together with the integration of switched capacitors into the topology following recent development. Phase disposition pulse width modulation (PD-PWM) technique and nearest level control PWM (NLC-PWM) have been used for the control of switches. Different simulation and hardware results with different operating conditions are included in the paper to demonstrate the performance of the proposed topology.


Present study was aimed to examine the effect of constant light (LL) and constant dark (DD) on packed cell volume (PCV) in Indian fresh water cat fish, Clarias batrachus. Following acclimation, animals were divided into three groups and maintained under different photoperiods i.e., natural day length (control), continuous light (LL) and continuous dark (DD) for 60 days. Experiments were carried out during different phases of annual reproductive cycle of C. batrachus i.e., pre spawning, spawning and post spawning phases for three consecutive years. During each experimental protocol, four animals from each group were examined at every 15 days to observe changes occurring in the hematological studies including packed cell volume (PCV). Four way ANOVA was employed to examine the effect of factors, "Year"(1,2 and 3), "Phase"(Resting , pre spawning, spawning and post spawning phases), "Treatment"(LD=Norma l Day-night condition, LL=Continuous i l lumination and DD=continuou s dark condi t ion) ) and "Interva l"(15 days,30days,45days and 60 days) on Packed Cell Volume (PCV) of Clarias batrachus. Lowest value of haematocrit recorded in Group I in compression of Group II and Group III. While the correlated study reveals highest value of PCV in group III. All the parameters except year produce significant effect on Packed Cell Volume (PCV) of Clarias batrachus (p<0.001).Factor year showed no significant effect on Packed Cell Volume PCV (p<0.05). It could be suggested that exposure under DD may be a stress condition for the fish, C. batrachus specially during its high energy demanding phases like prespawning and spawning phases.


. This paper reviews attendance management systems (AMS). An AMS (semi) automatically identifies the students in the classroom and makes report on attendees and absentees. A biometrics-based AMS identifies students by reading fingerprints or irises. A radio-frequency-identification (RFID)-based AMS recognizes a student by reading the unique RFID carried by the student. Each recognition method has some advantages and disadvantages. The most common disadvantage of AMSs is that special devices are required. For example, a RFID-based AMS requires RFID readers. After investigating existing AMSs, this paper proposes an AMS that does not require any additional devices as long as every student carries a smartphone and the wireless local network is available in the classroom.


Soil stabilisation of farmed hill country continues to be a significant issue for both farmers and Regional Councils. Poplars planted as poles are making an important contribution to soil stabilisation, both through soil anchorage by means of their extensive lateral root system, and through dewatering of the soil during the growing season. A three-year research programme designed to quantify the effects of managing hill country poplars for both soil conservation and timber production began in October, 2000.


This study described the images and shadows of patriarchy through the voices of women, how they were portrayed, and treated in the patriarchal society. A qualitative descriptive design was used. Interviews were conducted to generate data. These data were analyzed using descriptive thematic analysis. The key informants to this study were married women with children living in one family. These women dutifully did their responsibilities as wives and mothers, depicting the typical Cebuano household. Under the patriarchal society, their voices are limited: managing the family is their strength; emotional attachment to the family is their weakness; expanding their social reproductive roles is their opportunities; and domestic–related issues such as infirmed and/or loss of family members and child expectancy pressure plus the eventual child–rearing are their threats. The Cebuano women in the rural areas are dominantly traditional since they still ascribe to motherhood as part of their gender identity. Their images and shadows are reflections of a systemic culture of partriarchy.


A new kind of continuous variable n-mode coherent–entangled state (CV-NCES) |x2, x3, ⋅⋅⋅, xn, α〉 is proposed, which exhibits both the properties of a coherent state and an entangled state, and spans a complete and orthonormal representation. The conjugate state of CV-NCES is derived by the Fourier transformation. Moreover, a simple experimental protocol of generating a CV-NCES is proposed by using beam splitters. As applications of this CV-NCES in quantum optics, a new n-mode squeezing-Fresnel operator is constructed.


This paper proposes a reconfigurable solution to accelerate the Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) algorithm, since the reconfigurable computing possesses the advantaages of both high performance and flexibility by combining the characters of programmability of GPP and specific of ASIC. We also present several techniques, such as polyhedral model, block technology etc, to improve the execution performance on a REconfigurable MUltimedia System called REMUS. Tests show that the execution performance of SIFT is improved by 6% and 60% comparing with that executed in the multi-core platform and FPGA separatively with high flexibility and low power consumption, when utilizing a 200MHz working frequency which is suitable for embedded system.


In June 1867 Ismail Pasha, the new Viceroy of Egypt, arrived in Paris to represent his country at the Exposition universelle. The Egyptian pavilion, erected on a large corner of the Champs de Mars, featured a marvellous collection of architectural spaces that included a pharaoh's temple, a mediæval palace 'richly decorated in the Arabic style', and a modern-day bazaar showing all manner of merchants and artisans at work. If the temple, designed by the French archaeologist Auguste Mariette, was intended to display artefacts from the most remote corners of Egypt's history, other spaces transported spectators directly to the present, offering what one French commentator called 'a living Egypt, a picturesque Egypt, the Egypt of Ismail Pasha'. An enormous panorama of the Isthmus of Suez, created by the Suez Canal Company with the help of M. Rubé, set designer from the Opéra, drew long queues of paying customers. Elsewhere visitors could gaze at authentic Egyptian peasants, or Bedouins on white dromedaries, all the races governed by the Viceroy 'personified by individuals selected with care', as the critic Edmond About put it. Most dazzling of all was the exhibit within the refabricated royal palace, where the Viceroy himself was the featured attraction: poised on a divan in a bedroom painted to look exactly like the place of his birth, he smoked a hookah and daily received guests from the best Parisian society. The whole sumptuous spectacle, About would conclude, 'spoke to the eyes as well as to the mind. It expressed a political idea'.


Yeast cytochrome c oxidase subunit IV (an imported mitochondrial protein) is made as a larger precursor with a transient pre‐sequence of 25 amino acids. If this pre‐sequence is fused to the amino terminus of mouse dihydrofolate reductase (a cytosolic protein) the resulting fusion protein is imported into the matrix space, and cleaved to a smaller size, by isolated yeast mitochondria. We have now fused progressively shorter amino‐terminal segments of the subunit IV pre‐sequence to dihydrofolate reductase and tested each fusion protein for import into the matrix space and cleavage by the matrix‐located processing protease. The first 12 amino acids of the subunit IV pre‐sequence were sufficient to direct dihydrofolate reductase into the mitochondrial matrix, both in vitro and in vivo. However, import of the corresponding fusion protein into the matrix was no longer accompanied by proteolytic processing. Fusion proteins containing fewer than nine amino‐terminal residues from the subunit IV pre‐piece were not imported into isolated mitochondria. The information for transporting attached mouse dihydrofolate reductase into mitochondria is thus contained within the first 12 amino acids of the subunit IV pre‐sequence.


Human Activity Discovery & Recognition (HADR) is a complex, diverse and challenging task but yet an active area of ongoing research in the Department of Defense. By detecting, tracking, and characterizing cohesive Human interactional activity patterns, potential threats can be identified which can significantly improve situation awareness, particularly, in Persistent Surveillance Systems (PSS). Understanding the nature of such dynamic activities, inevitably involves interpretation of a collection of spatiotemporally correlated activities with respect to a known context. In this paper, we present a State Transition model for recognizing the characteristics of human activities with a link to a prior contextbased ontology. Modeling the state transitions between successive evidential events determines the activities' temperament. The proposed state transition model poses six categories of state transitions including: Human state transitions of Object handling, Visibility, Entity-entity relation, Human Postures, Human Kinematics and Distance to Target. The proposed state transition model generates semantic annotations describing the human interactional activities via a technique called Casual Event State Inference (CESI). The proposed approach uses a low cost kinect depth camera for indoor and normal optical camera for outdoor monitoring activities. Experimental results are presented here to demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed technique.


This paper attempts to go beyond the typical assessments of file-sharing as either an unlawful activity or a market imperfection by demonstrating that the trajectory of capitalist development in the sphere of information production and distribution is conditioned by a social system of commoning. To that end, this exploratory research begins the process of mapping the intersections of the social structures implicated in the activity of file-sharing by surveying a group of file-sharers. The article concludes by arguing that the antagonisms produced by competing visions for the social relations implicated in the production and distribution of informational and cultural goods in the networked environment should be incorporated into future analysis of file-sharing. In the summer of 2003, the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) announced the launch of an unprecedented litigation campaign targeting individual peer-to-peer (P2P) file-sharers in the United States. Over the next five years, the RIAA sued more than 30,000 people in U.S. District Courts for alleged acts of copyright infringement while using P2P networks like Kazaa and Gnutella (Beckerman, 2008). After the RIAA abandoned its litigation campaign in 2008, numerous other media groups followed suit. In 2010, approximately 100,000 BitTorrent users were targeted in the United States by lawyers representing a collection of pornographic and independent film studios (Moya, 2011b). In the United Kingdom, similar tactics were pursued by the legal organization ACS:Law. In Germany, approximately 575,000 individuals were targeted, according to a recent estimate (Roettgers, 2011). These examples sit alongside other litigation and police actions against websites and P2P platforms as part of a coordinated global attack on file-sharing culture.


This special issue of Computación y Sistemas presents a selection of latest papers on various areas of natural language processing and computational linguistics, along with two regular papers. Natural language processing is an area of artificial intelligence and its applications devoted to analysis and generation of data streams involved in human communication using language, such as English or Spanish, typically in the form of text or speech, as well as, in multimodal setting, associated facial expressions and body language. It embraces natural language processing and computational linguistics in a wider context of their real-life applications in a wide range of disciplines. The typical tasks of natural language processing include machine translation, text classification, text summarization, information extraction, author profiling, and sentiment analysis, while typical applications include opinion mining, human-computer interaction, plagiarism detection, and information retrieval, among many other tasks.


It is important to activate social communications among citizens. The importance of communication tools supporting for society increases. We need to construct the evaluation method which measures the impact on the society. SIQ (Social Intelligence Quantity) was presented as the evaluation method for communication tools supporting for community. SIQ have two components, SIQ-Personal and SIQ-Collective. SIQ-Personal is the scale for the impact on personal in society, and SIQ-Collective is the scale for communities, society, or groups. It is expected that the construct of the evaluation package for communication tools would make clear the impact of communication tools on society. Language: ja


The pure democratic system of govemment was Marxism's early ideal,for which Mao Zedong had been pursuing in his early life.However,during the periods of anti-Japanese War,he altered his ideal to a mixed system of government,i.e.the"Three-Three"system of government,which included class mix and system mix.This so- called system of government has a strongly political capacity and a broad room for theoretical interpretation,thus it is of much significance of reality.


This paper proposes a new static routing algorithm applying Traffic Engineering, which integrates Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) and Quality of Service (QoS) Routing. Because of using MPLS, centralized control is applied to the transmission paths of different service type in the algorithm. At the same time, to select LSP based on the state of networks and the requirements of QoS, the algorithm can make the resource using globally optimal. It avoids the traditional routings' shortage that the network congestion is produced by the disequilibrium of resource using. United object strategic in the algorithm can produce effective projects for the problem of satisfying Multi-requirement in one routing count, which is NP-hard. Finally the paper proves that the algorithm is feasible and preferable by computer simulation and theoretical deduction.


This paper is concerned with properties and applications of monotone rearrangement as defined in [18]. Unlike the Schwarz and Steiner symmetrization, in the monotone rearrangement framework, the inequality for the Dirichlet integral holds for all functions in H1 (not only H10). Further, we state and prove a necessary and sufficient condition for equality to hold in this inequality.


The concept of nature as "totally other" -the man-nature dualism -is a basic presupposition of the Modern worldview. It is an obstacle to planning for environmental sustainability. In the framework of this worldview solutions to the environmental crisis are monistic strategies that at best bridge man and nature. These strategies, in addressing only the outer reality of the environmental crisis, which is the dichotomy between rational/sensory man and nature, undermine diversity through uniformity thereby fuelling the crisis of identity. The crisis of identity reinforces the man-nature dichotomy by dissociating man from the context of the ill-effects of his own action. Therefore a strategy framed in the modern worldview that purports to be a curative solution of the environmental crisis is not necessarily a preventive one, which it must be if it is to acheive environmental sustainability. The Traditional worldview provides a holistic conceptual framework to know and act toward preventing the environmental crisis. It addresses both, the outer reality and the inner reality of the environmental crisis, which is the dichotomy between rational/sensory man and intellectual man or the Self -another way of defining the crisis of identity. The dichotomy between man and nature, in this view, is not "bridged" by treating subject-object relationships, but "dissolved" by knowing their unifying principle, which is the Self. This requires the recognition of the intellectual domain in addition to the sensory and rational domains of knowledge. The Recognition and adoption of the knowledge structure offered by the traditional worldview today potentially provides, not only a more encompassing conceptual framework for dealing with the environmental crisis, but also tools for enabling a sustainable society. Thesis Supervisor: Lloyd Rodwin Title: Ford International Professor Emeritus


Background: In recent years, with decreasing global fossil resources and increasing "white pollution", renewable and biodegradable materials attract more and more attentions. Poly(butylene succinate)(PBS) has good mechanical property, biodegradability and processing performance, which is the focus of hot topics in the study of biodegradable plastic materials, however, being soft and of high cost, it is still limited in application range. Purpose: In order to improve the mechanical and thermal properties, a series of wheat straw powder/PBS composites were prepared by melt extrusion, and then the 60Co-γ ray was directly utilized to irradiate the straw powder/PBS composite. Methods: The influence of TAIC(triallyl isocyanurate) radiation absorbed dose and radiation sensitizer on the mechanical property and thermal performance of straw powder/PBS composite was investigated, and the impact fracture surface morphology of the composite was observed by SEM(scanning electron microscope). Results: The tensile strength and flexural strength were enhanced with increasing radiation dosage, and then tend to be stable, the heat distortion temperature also increased but not significantly with increasing radiation dosage. The results show that when TAIC content is 2%, with straw powder/PBS composite irradiated by 30-kGy dose, the tensile strength and flexural strength are increased by 26% and 39.8%, respectively. Conclusion: The radiation modification of composite material has no effect on thermal stability, but do improve the tensile strength and flexural strength when up to 2% of TAIC is integrated and irradiated by certain dose. The interface cohesiveness between straw powder and PBS is strengthened after radiation.


An embedded real-time operating system is the software kernel of high performance smart phone. This paper presents an embedded real-time operating system named SPOS (smart phone operating system) whose purpose is to hold key technique of smart phone and enhance the Competence of production. Cluing in particularities of smart phone operating system, the paper interprets detailed the designing ideas of system architecture, multitasking kernel, wireless application interface and application framework of SPOS


Methods In an Interdisciplinary phase-II-study, 13 patients with tumors of the oroand hypopharynx were included and followed during therapy. 10 patients received combined radiochemotherapy with 70,2 Gy and a 5FU / Carboplatin protocol and 3 patients only radiation therapy. A fast dynamic Tl-weighted sequence was used for imaging. 0.1 mmol/kg body weight of a gadolinium-chelate was administered over 30s and quantitative assessment performed on an independent workstation different techniques including pharmacokinetic mapping. A previously described pharmacokinetic two compartment model was used to quantify the contrast enhancement characteristics using the amplitude (Amp a.u.) and the exchange rate constant (kep min.'). Results Quantitative assessment of the dynamic contrast-enhancement was possible and could be reliably performed. Table 1 summarizes the data main lesion. The use of the color-mapping to visualize the contrast enhancement demonstrated a diagnostic benefit compared to current standard image review. A reader analysis revealed that changes in enhancement during therapy could only be detected by either quantitative analysis using ROI's, tine display or color coded overlay. Distinct differences in contrast-enhancement patterns were noted in relation to therapeutic response.


The features observed in luminescence and photoreflectance spectra are interpreted by detailed modeling of the electronic states, absorption and luminescence of the active region. The electronic states for the full active region (quantum wells together with separate confinement layers) are calculated using an eight band k (DOT) p model. The axial approximation, tested to be sufficiently accurate, is used to reduce the computational burden. The Poisson equation is included self consistently for the optically pumped case. Analysis of the photoreflectance spectra includes incorporation of an electric field across the active region. Good agreement for the positions of the features and their trends with compositional variables verifies the accuracy of the model. Higher lying transitions involve electron levels above the barrier energy which can be confined to the region of the wells by the self consistent field for pumped material.


The purpose of this study is to analyze the level and influence of awareness, trial, preference, devotion and fanaticism of Indomie customers in Jabodetabek. The research was carried out using an online questionnaire given to respondents who were consumers of Indomie products in Jabodetabek. Based on the descriptive analysis of Indomie consumers in Jabodetabek, the level of awareness is very good, the level of trial is good, the level of preference is good, the level of devotion and fanaticism tends to be quite good. As for purchase intention, purchase decision and repurchase intention, they are included in the fairly good criteria. Judging from the results of the hypothesis testing, it is known that The results indicate that awareness significantly influences both purchase intention and purchase decision. Similarly, trial positively impacts purchase intention and purchase decision. Furthermore, preference has a significant effect on purchase intentions but not on purchase decisions. The findings also reveal that preference does significantly affect repurchase intention. Devotion significantly influences the repurchase decision. But contrary to expectations, devotion does not affect repurchase intentions. Similarly, fanaticism has no significant effect on purchase decisions. Lastly, the study confirms that fanaticism influences repurchase intention, purchase intention influences purchase decision, and purchase decision positively affects repurchase intention. That highlights the importance of the initial purchase decision in shaping future repeat purchases.


In the article particular attention is paid to the results of studies of introducers and breeders of Bashkortostan. The results of research on seed and vegetative propagation of varieties and species of herbaceous peony are presented. The main of breeding stages are described. Currently peony collection is very representative, it is composed of about 300 varieties and 19 native species. It includes varieties of all known breeders of this culture and breeding centers.


Abstract The results of a transmission electron microscopy observation of the effect of temperature on dislocation microstructures of FeTi with the B2 structure are presented. It is determined that deformation is accomplished by activation of slip systems of type 〈001〉{011} in a wide range of temperatures, accompanied by a small density of slip systems of type 〈111〉{011} at room temperature. Also, morphological features of the activated dislocations are presented as a function of temperature.


ABSTRACT Despite being heavily criticised by archaeologists, phenomenology and Husserl's concept of lifeworld to denote the collective sensory world of a group of humans arguably have the potential to uncover valuable information on past experiential landscapes. Drawing on a variety of sources, this paper explores the extent to which phenomenology can be used in early medieval monastic archaeological research. It focuses on the lifeworld of Irish monks that is expressed in the hagiography Vita Columbae, by Adomnán (d.704), which depicts orally transmitted landscape experiences and memories. These literary traces of a lifeworld are conflated with the physical landscape and archaeological evidence in a case study set in Argyll in western Scotland. It is argued that the location of monasteries was partly determined by the spiritual memories and religious experiences of the landscape, and that the spiritually memorised topographies were connected to certain emotions that the monks experienced daily and which they used to shape their mental landscapes of. By addressing the lifeworld in hagiographies, we may gain further insight into the mental maps of monks, and into their religious lives and movements in the landscape, which provides an alternative and fruitful approach towards medieval monastic landscapes.


The population genetics of two hybridizing Mexican red oaks, Quercus affinis Schweid. and Quercus laurina Humb. & Bonpl., was investigated with 54 randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers scored in 415 individuals from 16 populations representing the distribution area of the two species and a probable secondary hybrid zone. Genetic relationships among populations, depicted in a unweighted pair group method with arithmetic averaging (UPGMA) dendrogram, were largely incongruent with the morphological classification of populations as Q. affinis-like or Q. laurina-like that was obtained in previous studies. In contrast, the two main population clusters in the UPGMA dendrogram corresponded to the location of populations in two distinct geographical areas: southwestern and northeastern. A Mantel test confirmed a significant association between geographic and genetic distances among populations. Analyses of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated that most genetic variation is contained within populations ...


Abstract In order to handle high-level tritiated water (HTO) safely, the self-decomposition behavior has been investigated as functions of tritium concentration (from 16 GBq/cm3 to 2 TBq/cm3) and storage temperature (269K ˜ 303K). The representative decomposition products such as H2 in the gas phase and H2O2 in the liquid phase were measured periodically, storing HTO in a leak-tight vessel. The effective production rate of H2 increased with tritium concentration, however, the normalized production rate by tritium decay, like effective G-value, decreased with tritium concentration. The effective production rate of H2O2 also increased with tritium concentration and the normalized one also decreased under consideration of its natural decomposition rate, though it thought that the almost H2O2 calculated by the reported G-value decomposed by extra stimulus in tritiated water. The effective production rates of H2 and H2O2 increased with temperature.


The aim of this study was to fortify date palm spathes beverage with pollen grains. The nutritional quality and sensory attributes of the developed products were evaluated. The results showed that pollen grains significantly (P < 0.05) influenced the nutritional and sensory qualities of date palm spathe beverages. With minor exceptions, fortification of spathe beverage with pollen grains significantly (P < 0.05) increased the levels of protein, carbohydrate, fat, total dissolved solid (TDS), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), selenium (Se) and vitamins A, E, and C as well as the antioxidant activity (DPPH and FRAP) especially with 5% pollen grains. However, fortification reduced the levels of turbidity, boron (B), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and molybdenum (Mo). In terms of the colour, taste, and texture of the beverages, the panellists has no preference between the control beverage and 5% pollen grains. The highest overall acceptance was found for the control beverages without pollen grains, followed by those with 5% pollen grains. Overall, the inclusion of pollen grains in the formulation of date palm spathe beverage could enhance the nutritional quality without substantially influencing the sensory acceptability of the beverages.


Rockbursts pose a significant threat to the safety of construction workers during construction periods. Many factors control its occurrence. To evaluate the intensity level of rockburst in hydraulic tunnels accurately, the intuitionistic fuzzy sets-TOPSIS model is first introduced. And, the decisive matrix is constructed. Then, the weighed decisive matrix is calculated. Finally, the degree of membership at different levels regarding the rockburst intensity is obtained. According to the ranking sequence of the membership degree, the risk level that corresponds to the maximum membership degree is the final assessment level. The conclusions are drawn that assessing the level of rockburst intensity using the proposed method is feasible. Compared with the traditional method, the proposed model has sufficient usage of original data, minor information loss, and broader application. And, their judgments under inherent uncertainty in the proposed model can be conveyed. More significantly, the degree of indeterminacy can be handled adequately in the evaluation. The proposed method not only can deal with vague information but also ease our workload. The efficiency and accuracy can be improved. In total, it can provide a new route for the intensity prediction of rockburst in the future.


The main goal of this contribution is to investigate the influence of the substrate morphology on the resulting thermally sprayed coatings microstructure. Therefore, three different representative coating systems and/or thermal spray techniques were utilized to produce the coatings on grid-like structure substrates: (i) CoNiCrAlY bond coat (BC) sprayed by high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) technique and yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) top coat (TC) sprayed by means of atmospheric plasma spray (APS) technique, (ii) YSZ coating sprayed by means of APS and (iii) YSZ coating sprayed by means of nanoparticle colloid suspension plasma spraying (SPS). The shadowing effect of thermal spray coatings in relation with the grid-like substrate structure was investigated in detail. Resulting microstructure of sprayed samples was studied utilizing light microscopy, digital image analysis, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectrometer and X-ray diffraction techniques.


The paper is focused on blogosphere research based on the TREC blog distillation task, and aims to explore unbiased and significant features automatically and efficiently. Feedback from faceted feeds is introduced to harvest relevant features and information gain is used to select discriminative features. The evaluation result shows that the selected feedback features can greatly improve the performance and adapt well to the terabyte data.


Because paid work is taken to be central to manhood, scholarly and popular discourse have characterized retirement as presenting a "crisis of masculinity." However, such a crisis is not borne out by research, perhaps because scholars have not considered how class might shape masculinities and thus expectations and experiences of retirement. Using data obtained from interviews with Finnish metal workers and engineers who are either approaching retirement or recently retired, we ask whether (1) this crisis discourse is reflected in their retirement expectations, (2) it matches their actual experiences of retirement, and (3) retirement disrupts the masculinities of some class groups more than others. We find evidence of this retirement crisis discourse in our respondents' views of retirement, but not in their actual experiences, belying the homogeneity of masculinity implied by it. Class shapes both the perceived content of crises and the actual retirement experiences.


This project is about a car autopilot system which take over driving during traffic jam condition. As traffic jam is very serious in Malaysia especially in major cities like Kuala Lumpur, this system will be able to help the driver to utilize the time during traffic jam to conduct other works. The reason for building this system even though autopilot system already existed in the market is because the existing autopilot system in the market are too complex to be implemented into daily use car due to the high number of sensor used in the vehicle and high computing power required. To prove the validity of this project, a prototype of the system will be created with Lego Mindstorms EV3 Education Set. Increment methodology is used to build this prototype as it provide the ability to do rapid analysis and development. The prototype are equipped with the function to follow the car in front at straight road and slight turns. In case of sharp turns or any interference by the driver, the system will stop and return the driving control to the driver. Throughout the autopilot, the driver will be notified continuously on the decision made by the autopilot system via voice notification system. In case the car in front reverses, the system will stop the system and warn the driver about it. After a testing has been done, this prototype managed to achieve an average accuracy level of 89%


Aliviar, J. Jose. Klesis: The Theology of the Christian Vocation According to Origen. Dublin: Four Courts, 1993. 228 pp. $45.00. Altizer, Thomas, J. J. The Genesis of God: A Theological Geneology. Louisville, KY: Westminister/John Knox, 1993. 208 pp. $22.00. Armstrong, Karen. A History of God: The 4000-Year Quest of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. New York: Knopf, 1993. xxiii + 460 pp. $27.50. Auld, A. Graeme, ed. Understanding Poets and Prophets: Essays in Honour of George Wishart Anderson. JSOTSup 152. Sheffield: JSOT Press, 1993. 445 pp. $75.00. Barot, Rohit, ed. Religion and Ethnicity: Minorities and Social Change in the Metropolis. Kampen: Kok Pharos, 1993. 203 pp. n.p. Blumenthal, David R., Facing the Abusing God: A Theology of Protest. Louisville, KY: Westminister/John Knox, 1993. 318 pp. $22.99. Bryan, Christopher. A Preface to Mark: Notes on the Gospel in its Literary and Cultural Settings. New York: Oxford University Press, 1993. 220 pp. $32.00. Bos, A. David. A Practical Guide to Community Ministry. Louisville, KY: Westminister/John Knox, 1993. 84 pp. $12.99. Brown, Stewart J. and Michael Fry, eds. Scotland in the Age of the Disruption. Louisville, KY: Westminister/John Knox, 1993. 176 pp. $12.99. Brueggemann, Walter, et al. Text for Preaching: A Lectionary Commentary Based on the NSRV—Year B. Louisville, KY: Westminister/John Knox, '1993. 704 pp. $32.00.


Summary Aegla rostrata n. sp. (Decapoda, Aeglidae), a new freshwater crustacean from Southern Chile The description of Aegla rostrata n. sp. a new species of Aegla from lakes and rivers of the Valdivia basin (Provincia de Valdivia, Chile) is given. Its characteristics being: rostrum long, narrow, styli‐form and quitinous tipped, exceeding by 2 to 21/2 times the length of the corneas. Protogastric prominences squamous and well marked. Posterior branchial margin expanded and recurved. Palmar crest wide, subrectangular and broadly serrated. Externally A. rostrata resembles A. denticulata Nicolet, 1849, but differs from the last because it lacks the longitudinal carina along the dorsum of the carapace and the median tubercule on the fourth toracic sternum. A. rostrata has been found in the lakes Rinihue, Panguipulli and Calafquen, as well as in rivers Calle Calle and Huanahue. In the lake Rinihue A. rostrata has been collected from the litoral to depths of 320 m. This distribution makes it the second species ...


It is said that one cannot live life without a goal. But can one live with one? And how does the struggle to attain the goal affect our fate? Within the limits of a single human life, a goal is sometimes achieved—although often it turns out to be quite different from what it appeared to be from afar. One can become an actor or an athlete, a famous or rich person, and realize at the end that the goal was not worth ruining one's life for.


1. Introduction: The Enigma of Socialism Thomas Muhr Part I: Politics, Principles, Processes 2. Twenty-first Century Socialism: A Political and Pedagogical Act. Some Keys to Understanding Eduardo Leal Chacon 3. Counter-Globalisation and a Revolutionary Politics of Place and Space: The Transnational Construction of the ALBA--TCP in Nicaragua, El Salvador and the United States of America Thomas Muhr 4. The ALBA--TCP Council of Social Movements: A Double-Turn in Counter-hegemony Jennifer Martinez 5. Rethinking Legitimacy in International Law: the ALBA--TCP's Place for Justice Mohsen Al Attar & Edward Miller Part II: Political Economy 6. Cuban Socialism: Inspiration to the ALBA--TCP Helen Yaffe 7. The New Strategic Regionalism in the ALBA--TCP: Alternatives to the Food and Energy Crises Maribel Aponte-Garcia 8. The SUCRE and the ALBA--TCP Monetary Union: Responses from the South to the Global Crisis Antulio Rosales and Manuel Cerezal Part III: Culture, Education, the Environment 9. Cultural Policy and 21st Century Socialism Hazel Marsh 10. Post-secularity and Political Hope in 21st Century Socialism Lucia Michelutti 11. The Politics of the Audiovisual Cultural Revolution in Latin America and the Caribbean Libia Villazana 12. From the Local to the Regional and Back: Bolivia's Politics of Decolonizing Education in the Context of the ALBA--TCP Mieke Lopes Cardozo and Jesse Strauss 13. Global Struggles for Climate Justice and the ALBA--TCP Council of Social Movements: An Activist Perspective Alice Cutler and Yasmine Brien


In this session, speakers will present their research followed by a discussion on what measures beyond economics are critical in a just and socially equitable green recovery.


The creativity skills of individuals have started to gain importance in adapting to today's changing conditions. In this context, teachers need to transfer their individual creativity to the organizational environment. In order to do this, they need to provide personal pleasure and satisfaction from their work. The main aim of this study is to examine the relationship between preschool teachers' individual and administrative creativity and job satisfaction. The study, which is designed as relational survey model, was carried out with 173 preschool teachers. The data obtained from Personal Information Form, Organizational Creativity Scale and Job Satisfaction Scale. As a result of the research, the organizational creativity scores of preschool teachers in the dimension of individual creativity showed a significant difference according to the type of institution, and no difference was found according to the status of wanting to do a different profession, the number of students in the class, professional seniority and weekly working hours. There was a difference in the administrative creativity of teachers according to the type of institution, their willingness to do a different profession and the number of students in the classroom, while professional seniority and weekly working hours make no difference. There was a difference among teachers' job satisfaction scores according to the type of institution, their willingness to do a different profession, and the number of children in the classroom, but not according to professional seniority and weekly working hours. According to the result of the research it can be claimed that as the organizational creativity scores of preschool teachers in individual and administrative dimensions increased, their job satisfaction increased too. It was suggested that conditions improving organizational creativity and job satisfactions of preschool teachers should be given place in schools.


Measuring and evaluating the impact of the PGF is an ongoing and crucial piece of work which ensures that we can track and understand the outcomes being achieved through the PGF's investments. It will inform government on which investments and activities are most beneficial for addressing the long-term challenges faced in New Zealand's regions. The measurement and evaluation approach is set out across a number of Cabinet decisions and demonstrates how the impact of the Fund will be measured


Cereal Chem. 69(5):485-489 The effects of temperature of extraction and fractionation of rice bran significantly lower plasma and liver cholesterol and triglycerides were oil were evaluated alone or in combination with defatted rice bran (DFB) observed in those fed an FFB diet than in those fed a CC diet. A diet to determine the effects on their cholesterol-lowering potential in hyper- consisting of DFB in combination with degummed-dewaxed rice bran cholesterolemic hamsters. Diets containing full-fat rice bran (FFB), DFB oil resulted in significantly lower liver cholesterol levels than did the CC plus rice bran oil (extracted at 4 or 540C), and 540C-extracted rice bran diet, whereas DFB alone, rice bran oil extracted at either temperature, oil fractions (gum, wax, and degummed-dewaxed oil) at levels found or DFB plus gum or wax fractions were not significantly different from in FFB were fed to 23-day-old hamsters. All diets contained 10% total the respective corn oil controls. Only FFB lowered both plasma and dietary fiber, 9% fat, and 3% nitrogen. After 21 days, liver weights and liver cholesterol in hamsters. The data suggest that some of the cholesterolplasma and liver cholesterol and plasma triglycerides were significantly lowering properties of FFB are present when DFB is recombined with higher in animals fed a diet of 0.3% cholesterol with cellulose (CC) than degummed-dewaxed rice bran oil, but some active components appear in animals fed a cholesterol-free cellulose diet. In cholesterol-fed hamsters, to be either lost or are deactivated in the fractionation process.


Abstract Two novelties in the genus Senecio L. sect. Senecio of Patagonia (Argentina) are described and illustrated: a new species, S. breviramulus Tortosa & Adr. Bartoli belonging to series Xerosenecio (Cabrera) Cabrera & S. E. Freire, and the new variety pinohachense Tortosa & Adr. Bartoli for S. volckmannii Phil. belonging to series Suffruticosi Cabrera subser. Candidi (Cabrera) Cabrera & S. E. Freire. The new species is allied to S. covasii Cabrera and S. pumilus Tortosa & Adr. Bartoli, from which it differs by the smaller, narrowly elliptic leaves and narrower heads with fewer flowers. The new variety of S. volckmannii differs from the typical variety by the presence of female ray florets and the pedunculate capitula.


With director monetary liability for lack of care (appropriately, in the author's view) fading or disappearing altogether since Smith v. Van Gorkom, litigation invoking the duty of care seems increasingly unlikely to serve as a vehicle for public scrutiny of, and reputational sanctions for, director conduct that is substandard but does not involve self-interest or lack of good faith. It is therefore increasingly important to examine when information obtained through the exercise of stockholder inspection rights can be made public. A recent case involving the Walt Disney Company - but not the well-known litigation involving Michael Ovitz' termination compensation - addresses the issue of confidential treatment of such information. Prompted by the Court of Chancery's treatment of the issue, this Article proposes that the courts review and balance a number of factors - the subject matter of the information, the level of public interest in the information, the motives of the stockholder in seeking the information and (perhaps) ultimately seeking to make it public, and the context in which the information was generated - to determine whether information afforded pursuant to stockholder inspection rights should remain confidential.


"A Tale of Inclusion" is a research "story," a narrative portrayal of the impact of policy implementation. The following is one of the many stories collected through collaborative conversations with the five participants. These stories were blended by the researcher (the narrator) to develop a culture-within-a-culture format, allowing participants to become "characters" in an overall narrative, augmenting new understanding of the impact of policy dictating school placement of students with an intellectual disability. "David" is a 7-year-old boy with Down Syndrome.


Twin–twin transfusion syndrome is a rare, serious condition that can occur in pregnancies when identical twins share a placenta and allow blood to flow unevenly between the babies leading to high rate of perinatal morbidity. Its prevalence is approximately 1 to 3 per 10,000 births. Its diagnosis is made prenatally by ultrasound and great advances have been made in its identification.


Future space telescopes seek to maximize collecting aperture for increased sensitivity and high spatial resolution yet are limited in mass due to launch weight restrictions. JPL has developed the Controlled Optics Modelling Package (COMP) to easily facilitate analyses of optical systems whose elements are perturbed. Development of the computer tool, IMOS (Integrated Modeling of Advanced Optical Systems) allows modeling of structurally and thermally induced deformations to interact with optical systems. Presented here are analyses on the Segmented Reflector Telescope, (SRT), to estimate and then minimize the effect of anticipated disturbances on the resultant optical performance. Such studies are a needed prerequisite for estimating the requirements for adaptive optics due to structural movements. A simulation study estimates the space-time power spectral density of the residual telescope phases from reaction wheel disturbances. Results show that significant disturbances are concentrated in the first few Zernike polynomials with 87% of all disturbances described by the first 11 terms leaving a 0.35 micrometers rms residual. The time bandwidth of the disturbances is between 20 - 25 Hz which placed the required corrections in the adaptive optics regime.


Termite threat is present in homes. So help get a jump start by removing these critters and the damage they incur.


Management and protection of the ground water requires a planned use of the aquifer, considering the social and economic factors of the environment without causing damages in quality and quantity. The karstic aquifer of the sub-basin Artemisa-Quivican, which supports food production for Artemisa and Havana counties, has been characterised through the nuclear techniques application (isotopic hydrology). Three investigation stages were developed: the design and definition of the optimized network for the isotopic and physicochemical monitoring of ground and surface waters; the isotopic characterization (tritium, dissolved oxygen, deuterium) and physicochemical characterization (chemical macro-components, physical and quality parameters) of the sub-basin water and of registered precipitations in the region; and finally the identification of the possible contamination sources in the sub-basin.


While portfolios are increasingly used to assess competence, the validity of such portfolio-based assessments has hitherto remained unconfirmed. The purpose of the present research is therefore to further our understanding of how assessors form judgments when interpreting the complex data included in a competency-based portfolio. Eighteen assessors appraised one of three competency-based mock portfolios while thinking aloud, before taking part in semi-structured interviews. A thematic analysis of the think-aloud protocols and interviews revealed that assessors reached judgments through a 3-phase cyclical cognitive process of acquiring, organizing, and integrating evidence. Upon conclusion of the first cycle, assessors reviewed the remaining portfolio evidence to look for confirming or disconfirming evidence. Assessors were inclined to stick to their initial judgments even when confronted with seemingly disconfirming evidence. Although assessors reached similar final (pass–fail) judgments of students' professional competence, they differed in their information-processing approaches and the reasoning behind their judgments. Differences sprung from assessors' divergent assessment beliefs, performance theories, and inferences about the student. Assessment beliefs refer to assessors' opinions about what kind of evidence gives the most valuable and trustworthy information about the student's competence, whereas assessors' performance theories concern their conceptualizations of what constitutes professional competence and competent performance. Even when using the same pieces of information, assessors furthermore differed with respect to inferences about the student as a person as well as a (future) professional. Our findings support the notion that assessors' reasoning in judgment and decision-making varies and is guided by their mental models of performance assessment, potentially impacting feedback and the credibility of decisions. Our findings also lend further credence to the assertion that & Andrea Oudkerk Pool firstname.lastname@example.com 1 Department of Educational Development and Research, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 60, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands 2 Center for Education Development and Research in Health Professions (CEDAR), Faculty of Medical Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands 123 Adv in Health Sci Educ DOI 10.1007/s10459-017-9793-y


The northeastern area is an important industrial base in China.The transformation of its industrial structure reffects not only a national trend of it but also significant regional features.As the center of northeast Asia,the development of its industrial structure should be treated seriously.The generalization of historical experiences can help learn the importance of grasping favorable chances so as to adjust and optimize the industrial structure.It has important strategic significance for the northeast area to participate in international economic competition by developing regional economy continuously and harmoniously after the entrance to the WTO.


Iced squeezed orange drinks is one one of processed drinks that made from orange. Good drinking water should not contain pathogenic bacteria or organisms that may harm human health. Coliform is one ofbacteria that may cause disease in humans and being used as indicator bacteria of pathogenic bacteria. This research was aimed to know the MPN value number of coliform bacteria and to identify the bacterial presence of genus Escherichia in iced squeezed orange drinks sold in Pontianak City. The sampling used random sampling method. MPN method was used in order to know the number of coliform in iced squeezed orange drinks in Pontianak City. MPN test result obtained the lowest index value of MPN/mL was 0,14/mL in sample in subdistrict Pontianak City and the highest index value in four subdistricts in Pontianak City was MPN/mL >24,00/mL. It was showed that five samples exceed normal limits in accordance with SNI standards SNI 01-3839-1995 based on Permenkes No 492/MENKES/per/IV/2010. Identification resultshowed the bacterial genus of coliform obtained was member of genus Escherichia.


The main principle of the Kosovo Curriculum is inclusiveness which means providing equal opportunities for all children and young people in quality education without discrimination. (MASHT (b), 2016)
The purpose of this research is to present the role that the subject Music Education has in the inclusion of students with special needs in primary schools.
The main research question is: What is the role of the subject Music Education in the inclusion of students with special needs in primary schools?
Our research has been conducted by studying various literature related to this issue as well as the practical aspect through a semi-structured interview with primary school teachers who teach children with special educational needs.
 The qualitative research method was used and data were collected through a semi-structured interview for primary school teachers, grades I-V.
According to the results of this research, it can be said that the subject of Music Education plays an important role in the inclusion of students with special educational needs based on the curriculum which includes the integration of different fields and subjects in primary education.


In Vanke golden garden,several measures for sunshade were presented in this paper based on the computer simulation.In order to validate the effectiveness of these measures,the comparative experiments were carried out under three different conditions,the parameters including PMV,lighting index,power consumption et al.In addition,the experimental results were analyzed.For the building energy-saving technology,the changing from the theoretical study to the practical application and the effective validation was obtained.


In higher education (HE), "ways of thinking and practising" (WTP) have been considered for many academic disciplines (e.g. McCune & Hounsell, 2005), but less so for the practice of HE teaching. In other professions, WTP is explored through the concept of expertise (e.g. Ericsson et al, 2006). A better understanding of expertise of HE teachers will help inform the enhancement of educational development (Kreber et al, 2005; Saroyan & Trigwell, 2015). This paper proposes a model of expertise in HE teaching based on the expertise literature, empirical research, and reflection on practice. The model is presented as three interacting aspects: • Pedagogical Content Knowledge (Shulman, 1986) • Artistry of Teaching: authentic, creative & improvisatory (Schön, 1982) • Self-determined & purposeful approaches to learning and development (King, 2019)


While the exact function of the cellular prion protein (PrP C ) remains unknown, there are several leads due to increasing knowledge on the localisation and interaction of PrP C with other molecules. This chapter will concentrate on these aspects. Identified ligands of PrP C mainly belong to the categories of heat-shock proteins, membrane-bound receptors, or heparan sulphates. The possible synaptic role of PrP C has been exemplified by electrophysiological findings in PrP o/o mice and the studies of PrP C as a copper-binding molecule that could regulate the copper content of the synaptic cleft. The latter property of PrP C may also endow PrP C with the activity of a copper-dependent superoxide dismutase. Binding of PrP C to signalling molecules suggests a role as a transmitter of information from the extracellular milieu to the cell and a trigger for a molecular cascade. This agrees with new data on PrP C receptors and the role of PrP C in cell survival.


The development and reform of education results in the advent of Multimedia Computer Assisted Instruction (MCAI), which has many advantages, such as the guarantee of teachers quality, the organization of teaching content, the improvement of teaching methods, and so on. The development trend of MCAI is "Web", "Intelligent" and "Virtual".


The study eonsisted of 128 children with wheezing and 82 healthy subjects. PCR-RFLP was used to detect IL-4R gene 150V and Q576R. There were difference in I50 and V50, Q576 and 11576 allele frequency and genotypic frequency between childhood wheezing patients and normal children. Genotype 150/I50 was correlated with the susceptibility for wheezing (P=0.015, OR=0.439, 95% CI=0. 223 - 0. 826). The susceptibility for wheezing was related to the combination of I50/I50 and Q576/R576. Results of this study suggest that childhood wheezing is closely related to genetic factors, and children who carry predisposing genes may suffer from frequent wheezing and subsequent asthma.

Key words:
Receptor; interleukin-4;  Genetic predisposition to disease


Please note: These fees came into effect on 1 July 2016. This information is a summary of the Court Procedures (Fees) Determination 2016 (No 2). Payment of…


 STAGE DOI: 10.3408 / jafst.747 ) We propose the analysis method of spur mark distance for discrimination of inkjet printers using a measuring microscope. The conventional method is the measurement of the pitch and the mutual distance of the spur marks which depend on the model of inkjet printers. Therefore, it is di‹cult to discriminate the same models of inkjet printers by the conventional method. First, we established the analysis method to obtain the spur mark distance indented by one rotation of spur gear and examined the diŠerence of the distances in a printer using correlation coe‹cients. Next, we applied this method to discriminate 60 inkjet printers of the same model. As a result, the correlation coe‹cients between the same printers approximated to 1. On the other hand, the correlation coe‹cients between the diŠerent printers were widely distributed in the range from  1 to 1. These results indicate that our proposed method can distinguish printers of the same model and be a useful tool for discrimination


A source driver with an offset removing function and a method for driving source line in a display device are provided to improve image quality of the display device by preventing a current path from discontinuously changed inside an amplifier, even when the frame of the display device is changed. A source driver with an offset removing function in a display device includes an amplifier(530), an input controller(510), and an output controller(520). The amplifier includes a positive amplifier and a negative amplifier. The input controller delivers a first gradation voltage corresponding to the driving voltage of a first source line to the positive amplifier and delivers a second gradation voltage corresponding to the driving voltage of a second source line to the negative amplifier, in response to an input positive control signal. The input controller delivers the first and second gradation voltages to the negative and positive amplifiers, respectively, in response to an input negative control signal. The output controller applies an output voltage from the positive amplifier to the first source line and applies an output voltage from the negative amplifier to the second source line, in response to an output positive control signal. The output controller applies the output voltages from the negative and positive amplifiers to the first and second source lines, respectively, in response to an output negative control signal.


The limitations of client/server systems become evident in an Internet-scale distributed environment. P2P systems offer an alternative to traditional client/server systems: Every node acts both as a client and a server and "pays" its participation by providing access to its computing resources. Systems such as Napster and Gnutella have proven their practical applicability. In this tutorial we position the P2P paradigm in the design space of distributed information systems, present underlying models and concepts, and show the structure, protocols, and algorithms of current systems. Then we focus in particular on the problem of scalable and self-organizing access schemes for locating data in P2P systems efficiently. We present and compare the approaches found in current systems and proposed in research.


The optimization study was carried out in the part of the Jeseniky Mts. region in order to find the optimum variant of a forest road route. The ROADENG system was used for determining the Jezerna forest road design with use of projection abo- ve the digital elevation model of terrain. Particular variants of the forest road route were calculated and analyzed on the basis of environmental approach. The final report recommended one of the variants for the final elaboration of project documentation and for construction.


This article reports on the preparation of an integrated catchment management strategy for the Middle Helena Catchment, an essentially unprotected, peri-urban, public water supply catchment east of Perth, Western Australia. The strategy was prepared drawing on individual research, work by a community catchment group and agency involvement. Methods used included interviews of catchment residents and management experts, workshops, and negotiations with relevant agencies. Outcomes so far are a catchment management strategy produced by the community group and initiation of an inter-agency plan. Problems of implementing the final strategy (when produced) include the complexity of land uses and land tenure in the catchment, the existence of a number of overlapping plans by different groups and agencies, the fact that most residents in the catchment do not derive their main income from the land, and the absence of a body with dear responsibility for coordinating the implementation of the final strategy. Broader implications include the need for adequate resourcing of catchment groups and an improvement in agency awareness of the essential nature of stakeholder involvement in the integrated catchment management (ICM) planning process. Adoption of recommendations by a Federal parliamentary committee and complementary State ICM legislation would considerably improve the current uncoordinated and unsatisfactory situation in Western Australia with regard to ICM planning and the implementation of catchment plans.


Modelling the business processes of an organisation offers benefits such as improved communication, increased understanding of processes, support for change management and gaining of competitive advantage over other organisations. However, Business Process Modelling (BPM) in large projects often needs to be carried out collaboratively in a team environment. The benefits of collaborative modelling are a reduced workload for modellers and improved quality, readability and accuracy of models. The result is also increased understanding of the processes amongst team members. Traditional technologies and BPM tools have several usability problems and often do not allow for effective collaboration and integration of business process models.
 Touchscreens are becoming the standardised modality of mobile devices such as smart phones and tablet PCs. This paper investigates the use of collaborative business process modelling (CBPM) software and hardware for improving the usability of CBPM projects. A field study comprised of two assignments was carried out to evaluate the difficulties of CBPM with traditional BPM tools running on desktop PCs. A BPM software prototype was then designed which allows the drawing of business process (BP) models using touch and also enables the synchronous display of the process model on multiple tablet PCs.


in both of the video/teaching programs described above provide teachers with a real vision of their students as active collectors of history, helping them to implement specific oral history projects on a diversity of topics and themes. They achieve effective learning at the middle and high school levels—encouraging teachers to use oral history not only to improve students' reading, writing, and arts skills, but to interact with their communities and to understand and listen to the voices that document their own lives and the lives of others. If the ultimate goal of these videos is to enable teachers to have an impact on their students' understanding of the relevance of the past to the present, then they have most certainly succeeded.


For many years this endemic sub-species was considered to have become extinct from the Maltese Islands. In the 1980's, replacement programmes, using Apis mellifera ligustica in particular, were used to regenerate the apiculture industry. In this communication we report how in 2014, morphometric analysis of 33 parameters identified a number of honeybee colonies that exhibited the morphometric traits of A. m. ruttneri. Principle Component Analysis (PCA) and Discriminant Analysis (DA) were used to statistically confirm that A. m. ruttneri exhibiting the original characters survived. Analysis of the mitochondrial DNA of specimens from these same colonies showed the prevalence of mitochondrial haplotypes associated with an African lineage (A4, A8 and A9; 20%, 8.5% ,57.1%), although foreign haplotypes were also present.


This article is the product of the research work that was developed in the framework of the in- terinstitutional doctorate in education, aims to contribute to the search of the relation of the technological artifacts with the science, the tech- nology, the Society, the environment and its con- tribution to the company.
The findings seek from the question: Is it possi- ble to do archaeology to technological artifacts to reveal the relations that it has with science, te- chnology, society, the Environment and the com- pany, to generate a strategy for the learning of the Technology and the literacy of human talent? The working hypothesis on this question is affir- mative and it is proposed that the artifacts being the result of a technological and social process they can reveal such relationships of concepts. From this assumption, the discourse plays a deci- sive role in the qualification of the subjects. The methodology used, will allow to establish that the contributions of the theory of the discour- se Help to organize an archaeological method to observe the technological artifacts or more specifically what the hermeneutics can make as a method.


The hard edge imparted to mid-twentieth century British International Relations by Christian realism has been neglected in histories of the second great debate. Indeed standard accounts of the development of the discipline have little to say about its secularization. Against a backdrop of renewed interest in political theology, this article sets out to remind a secular readership of the Augustinian element in the British tradition, principally by reviewing some of the writings of Herbert Butterfield. It goes on to pose the question of how far subsequent British thought about international society may have been weakened by a failure to confront its own secularization, drawing particular attention to later ambivalence in the English School about the source of moral obligation between states and the role of agency in overcoming structural dilemmas.


aspects of the measurement of resistance to wear and the evaluation of serviceability have received considerable attention in recent years in the United States, England, and Germany. This work has resulted in the development of numerous wear-testing instruments. The research of the textile technologists of Germany on the evaluation of the relative serviceability of textile fibers was intensified during the war in an endeavor to obtain the optimum amount of


In current practice, stresses from elastic analysis are used to design reinforcement in concrete shells based on pointwise limit state behavior. This practice may be justified in view of the lower bound theorem of plasticity and the fact that elastic stresses are equilibrium stresses. Reinforced concrete, however, is not a perfectly plastic material, and the lower bound theorem cannot be strictly applied. To verify the adequacy of current practice, therefore, an analytical program was undertaken at North Carolina State University. A finite element computer program, which accounts for cracking of concrete and yielding of reinforcement, and that incorporates a cracking model consistent with the limit state design equations, was developed. The program was used to analyze various plane stress and shell problems. Many cases of hyperbolic paraboloid shells were also studied and are reported in this paper. It is shown that in all the saddle shell cases analyzed, the calculated ultimate capacity exceeded the design ultimate capacity. This proves the adequacy of the current practice at least for the saddle shells studied. Other conclusions of the parametric studies performed are also presented.


We report on multimodal imaging of highly pigmented tissues including blood using sub-15 fs pulses. We find that shorter pulses minimize thermal damage and under these conditions red blood cells appear bright rather than dark.