The analysis of genetic variability at αs1-casein gene in 112 Indian dromedary (Camelus dromedarius) was carried out. The 930 bp fragment of exon 5 of αs1 casein gene was successfully amplified by PCR. The nucleotide substitution at g.942G>T SNP (GenBank ID: JF429140) was detected by PCR-RFLP using SmlI restriction enzyme and verified by sequencing. The GT genotype was not observed in Bikaneri and Kachchhi camels but was observed in Jaisalmeri and Mewari camels at the frequency of 0.143 and 0.071, respectively. Though, the frequency of GT genotype was quite low but still it was enough to document the dynamic nature of the locus g.942G>T SNP in Indian dromedary. Due to the existence of full agreement between genotyping by PCR-RFLP and Isoelectric Focusing at αs1-casein, as envisaged by earlier researchers, the existence of two protein patterns corresponding to αs1-casein alleles, A and C at the same frequency values in the Indian dromedary breeds may also be inferred from the present study. Hence, this DNA based test can be used for typing camel αs1-casein gene variability in Indian dromedary.


Finance is one of the most rapid growing areas in the corporate business world. The world of corporate finance was managed by business persons and business students earlier but now it is controlled by mathematicians and computer scientists. Several methods have been developed to control the risk of financial market. Among all, Numerical methods play an important role in pricing the financial derivatives and especially in cases when there is no closed form analytical solution. Option pricing is one of the foremost research areas in this context. Also Fractional calculus is recently used for the finance and stock market analysis. The differential equation involving fractional order derivatives is a powerful tool for studying fractal geometry and fractal dynamics. In this paper, Fractional version of Explicit Finite Difference method has been used to price European call option. Historical data from banking sector of National Stock Exchange(NSE) have been used which classify into three different money market conditions i.e in-the-money(ITM), at-the-money(ATM) and Out-ofthe-money(OTM) option. The results are compared with Benchmark Black -Scholes model with the help of the most well known hypothesis t-test. Keywords—Fractional calculus; Fractional Explicit Method; Black-Schole model; European call options; Money market conditions (Moneyness). MSC 2010 NO.: 26A33, 65M06, 65TXX 5852 Aasiya Lateef and C.K.Verma


Binuclear Fe(III)-Fe(lII) and Fe(III)-Zn(lI) complexes of a new acyclic binucleati ng Il-bis(tetradentate) diamide ligand (H,L) containing imidazoline backbone have been synthesized and characterised by elemental analysis, JR , UV -vi s spectral, magnetic and electrochemical studies. The ligand reacts with FeCI,.6Hp and ZnCI 2.2Hp in aqueous methanol in air affording crystalline compounds [Fe,(I1C1)(Il-H 2L)Clz) and [FeZn()l-.CI)(Il-H2L)(HP»)CI in excellent yie"lds. Both the Fe(I1I)-Fe(lII) and Fe(I1I)-Zn(lI) complexes have FeNp2C12 lFeNzOFI and ZnNpzCl coordination spheres. They represent a new type of imidazolidine bridged homo and heterodinuclear complexes of iron(lJ! ) with exogenous bridging by a Il-chloride function. Both electron transfer behaviour and magnetic properties of iron(III)-iron(llI) complex are assessed with respec t to a heterodinuclear iron(IJI)-zinc(lI) complex in identical ligating envi-


The aim of the article is to analyze the speech act compliment as an integral part of successful interpersonal communication based on the principles and maxims of speech communication of G. P. Grice, R. Lakoff, J. Leech, and in the context of politeness theory of P. Brown and S. Levinson, as well as the study of compliment as a manifestation of conventional, etiquette politeness. The study of this aspect of compliments is carried out within the linguopragmatic approach by the method of continuous sampling, the method of intent analysis and the method of quantitative calculation. The article shows exactly how compliments are realized in the plane of the principles of speech communication and how we distinguish sincere compliments from ironic ones. Therefore, we believe that the expression of ironic compliments violates the principles and maxims of speech communication, because it destroys the communicative balance and harmonious communication between interlocutors. In the proposed work, we consider first of all sincere compliments, which are not included in the Face Threatening Acts according to the classification of P. Brown and S. Levinson. We hold the opinion that ironic compliments only formally, thanks to the tokens of positive evaluation resemble a compliment, in fact, the purpose of the speaker is to offend the interlocutor. The main marker of sincerity is the meaning constructed by the linguistic consciousness of the communicators in the discourse and implemented through a compliment to show a positive, friendly attitude to the interlocutor, express a positive emotional assessment, show good intentions and adhere to the principle of cooperation to preserve your face and the face of the partner. We also distinguish etiquette compliments, which are an element of the conventional strategy of politeness, phatic communication, due to certain socio-cultural norms and rules of etiquette, they are clichéd, ritual, uninformative, and, therefore, do not involve the sincerity of the speaker. As a result of the analysis of the factual material, it is established that such compliments are not inherent in dramatic works of the 18.-20th centuries.


Low MMP expression in muscle cells underlying histolysis versus strong staining in cartilage, bone and epidermis have been observed during limb regeneration of Mexican axolotl. Similar observations have been made during limb regeneration for MMP3/10b and MMP9 in the Japanese newt and MMP9 in larval axolotls, but strong expression was observed in blastema cells for MMP9 and collagenase in the American newt. Possibly the WE, bone, and inflammatory cells secrete the necessary MMPs to promote muscle histolysis and blastema formation. In the current study, a similar localization pattern was observed during tail regeneration of H. flaviviridis. Significant activity of both gelatinases could be observed in the control animals during wound healing. MMP-2 localization was prominent during blastemal and differentiation stages as in accordance with the zymogram results. Main sites of localization were the wound epithelium, especially the dermis and blastemal mesenchyme during wound healing. In addition to these, the developing ependyma and supporting cartilage tube were positively labelled during later stages. However, a slight dispersed localization was seen in the entire regenerate as well. Comparatively a lighter signal of MMP-2 activity was observed for the SU5402 treated lizards during wound healing and blastemal stages. Better labelling of MMP-9 was observed at 6 days post amputation for this group. Since, FGF2 influences gelatinase activity during H. flaviviridis tail regeneration, regulation of its inhibitor activity must also be partly under FGF2 control. Indeed, results of reverse zymography show that the TIMP levels observed for control lizards differ from those of SU5402 treated animals. Among the regenerative stages of control animals, TIMP activity was lowest at wound epithelium stage and highest at the differentiation stage. Citation: Narayanan A (2015) The Initiation and Progression of Tail Regeneration in Northern House Gecko Hemidactylus Flaviviridis at Role of Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 (Fgf2). J Biochips Tiss Chips 5: 110. doi:10.4172/2153-0777.1000110


We report the high performance SOA modules made using laser welding technique. The SOA chip is DH structure and its stripe of active layer is tilted by 7/spl deg/ and facet is AR coated for low reflection of 10/sup -5/ order. We used a cylindrical type laser welding (it is 3-point welding) for fiber fixing the fiber for direct coupling. We used specially designed the components of ferrule, sleeve, and submodule. The lap welding is used in the ferrule-sleeve fixing and lap-fillet welding in sleeve-submodule the fixing is used. The welding loss is usually less than 0.5 dB after a readjustment. This method is proven to be a very simple and stable technique for direct coupling. The chip gain and far field angle are 30 dB and 160/spl times/160 respectively, and the fiber is taper lensed fiber. With the coupling loss and the welding loss of -2.2 dB/facet, we can obtain the module gain of 25 dB.


The ATP‐binding cassette, sub‐family A (ABC1), member 7 (ABCA7) gene has been implicated as a risk factor in Alzheimer's disease (AD) across populations. However, the risk effect of ABCA7 in African Americans (AAs) is stronger than in non‐Hispanic white (NHW) populations. We identified a 44 base pair deletion in AA significantly associated with disease (cases = 15.2%, controls = 9.74%, p = 1.414 × 10−5, Cukier, et al, 2016). The deleted allele is predicted to produce a frameshift mutation (p.Arg578Alafs), resulting in a truncated protein that may interfere with its normal functions, including APP processing and Aβ clearance.


It has been argued that our everyday scholarly practices of reading and writing have been saturated with Western theories and ideologies. They are...


The study adopts the theory of human capital to probe into the human capital investment of China's professional athletes in the context of market economy.The result shows that the manual capacity with the athletes' particular competitive capacity as its core is the natural foundation and source to form athletes' human capital.The continuous development from different investors is the exterior condition of formation.The main investment elements of Chinese professional athletes' human capital include investment in education,training,competition and emotion.And training investment is the core.The basic investors include the governments,enterprises,social organizations,the athletes' families and individual athletes.


Introduction: Life for senior citizens, in all cultures globally, is very challenging physically, mentally and emotionally, leading to a gradual decline in physical and mental capacity with a risk of disease ingress, and an earlier death. Yoga Prana Vidya (YPV) is one integrated system that offers a set of easily practicable protocols to help older population maintain physical and mental health holistically. In the context of COVID 19, available data reveals that most of the patients deceased are seniors and 85 to 90% deceased had comorbid conditions such as diabetes and hypertension. Methods: Review method is used to identify, collect and synthesize available evidence in respect of the effective applications of YPV for seniors and how it can help them aging successfully. Eight published articles are reviewed on the effectiveness of YPV for various diseases and health conditions of seniors. Findings: This review confirms positive effects of practicing YPV with controlled diet by older people, such as cognitive abilities, emotional stability, weight reduction and control of BMI, less relapse and less new disease proneness, body flexibility, mobility, and boosted immunity to counter infections. Regular practice of YPV protocols enables balancing left and right brains achieving balance between emotion and cognition. Conclusion: YPV as an integrated, holistic and safe system is appropriate approach for older people to stay healthy and fit, and additionally it develops spiritual dimension also through meditations.


Currently, continuous monitoring on patients with the help of small devices (or sensors), is easy for doctors/nurses to check patients. Due to privacy issues, data collected from devices should be protected. Thus, a lightweight mutual authentication and key agreement protocol is required among doctors/nurses, trusted servers, sensors and patients. In this paper, we provide a secure protocol which could support continuous monitoring on patients. Firstly, user's biometrics will be used to verify users by means of continuous monitoring of physiological data (e.g., ECG signals) in which verification of the patient identity. This could prevent device theft attacks. In addition, dynamic identity is taken to provide user anonymity and mitigate against user traceability. Later, we provide informal and formal security analysis to prove that our protocol can establish a session key between the user and sensor after successfully mutually authentication. Performance analysis proved our scheme to be competitive in comparison to existing schemes relative to the added security benefits it provides.


We present the results of a study of the transport of optically excited carriers perpendicular to weakly coupled GaAs/AlAs multiple quantum wells imbedded in the depletion region of a p‐i‐n photodiode. At temperatures above 120 K the photocurrent was thermally activated. For lower temperatures the photocurrent decreased as temperature was increased. Wavelength‐dependent negative differential resistance regions were present in the reverse bias region of the photoexcited current voltage (I‐V) curve as a result of the Stark shifts of the lowest energy heavy hole (h1) and light hole (l1) excitons. Additional wavelength independent structure was also visible in the photoexcited I‐V curves.


Ethyl acetohydroximate-adapted phototrophic cultures of Phonnidium uncinatum metabolized this oxime via hydrolysis/oxidation and dismutation of resulting hydroxylamine to nitrite and ammonia. Participating enzymes were bound to thylakoid membranes, which were solubilized and purified by conventional techniques using QAE-Sephadex and DEAECellulose columns. Specific activity of bound enzymes increased in the range of 25-75 folds. With partially purified enzymes, apparent Km values of hydrolase and oxidase for oxime and dismutase for hydroxylamine were 180, IS and 36 J.1M respectively.


Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) has chiefly involved patients receiving medications for the treatment of bone-related malignancies. The surgical methods are now cautiously recommended as the treatment option for MRONJ. The purpose of this retrospective study was to report new bone formation and examine possible factors influencing spontaneous bony bridge formation by using an R-plate for reconstruction without any graft material after segmental mandibulectomy in patients with MRONJ. A cohort of 54 patients who underwent mandibulectomy between 2017 and 2022 by a single operator were included. Of them, 14 MRONJ patients (12 females and 2 males) were selected based on the inclusion criteria. Data on new bone formation, bony bridge formation, R-plate fracture, patient age, and type and duration of medication were collected. The mean age of the patients was 74.8 ± 9.3 years. All patients showed new bone formation, and 71.4% showed bony bridge formation within a year after surgery. The older the patient, the lower was the tendency for bony bridge formation in the defect (p = 0.035). Statistical analysis was performed using Fisher's exact test. Preservation of the periosteum might be one of the most important contributing factors to new bone formation, serving as an optimal treatment option for reconstruction after segmental mandibulectomy in patients with MRONJ.


Biological aerated filter was applied to nitrogen removal of coke plant wastewater in the experiment. Hanging biomembrane and domestication and the influence of NO2- accumulation and maximal concentration of NH3-N were examined. Results showed that biological aerated filter was an effective process for coke plant wastewater.


The outpatient stage of therapy is the primary and very responsible link in the introduction of patients with chronic forms of VZOMT, since this pathology has a significant impact on such indicators as perinatal, maternal morbidity and mortality.
In addition, VZOMT directly affects the development of infertility, ectopic pregnancy, habitual miscarriage, as well as a decrease in the ovarian reserve after unsuccessful attempts of in vitro fertilization, surgical interventions on the appendages of the uterus.
To preserve the reproductive function in patients with VZOMT, an important stage is the implementation of a number of therapeutic and rehabilitation measures. The problems of treatment and rehabilitation of patients with VZOMT undoubtedly remain relevant, since cases of relapses and chronization of inflammatory processes significantly worsen the prognosis for a woman's reproductive function. These problems are both social and economic.
Taking into account the wide range of infectious agents of VZOMT, it is recommended to use a complex of antibacterial drugs that cover as many varieties of pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic flora as possible. Moreover, an important aspect of the treatment of inflammatory diseases of the female reproductive system is the use of different forms of drugs and ways of their administration. It is rational to combine oral or parenteral with intravaginal. This combination makes it possible to increase the effectiveness of treatment and contributes to the prevention of relapse of the disease. The inclusion of prednisolone – 21 phosphate in the therapy complex also contributes to increasing the effectiveness of therapy, since it creates favorable conditions for the vital activity of normal microflora and unfavorable conditions for conditionally pathogenic microflora.
The results obtained in the study indicate a good clinical effectiveness of complex therapy with the inclusion of Elzhina in the treatment regimen for the treatment of fibrotic processes in the fallopian tubes. The use of a combined drug for intravaginal use containing ornidazole-500 mg, prednisolone-3 mg, econazole-150 mg, neomycin 65000ME (Elzhina drug) allows optimizing the management tactics of patients with tubal – peritoneal infertility caused by chronic salpingitis and increasing the fertility rates in this group of patients.


argued for many years that specialized preservice education, culminating in a middle grades certifica tion, is essential to adequately preparing teachers of young adolescents. Specialized middle grades teacher preparation programs have been promoted and supported by several professional organizations, including the National Middle School Association (1991), the National Association of Secondary School Principals, the National Forum to Accelerate Middle Grades Reform (2002), and the Southern Regional Education Board through policy position papers and recommendations (Cooney, 2000). The current research literature clearly addresses the need for more specialized middle grades teacher preparation programs, specific licensure for teachers in the middle grade levels, and improved quality of existing programs. To further strengthen the argument for specialized middle grades teacher preparation, additional research is needed to effectively demonstrate the effects of specialized teacher preparation on outcomes such as improved teaching and learning practices and ultimately student performance. This article will summarize research findings of the effects of teacher certification on the implementation of best practices (e.g., interdisciplinary team and classroom practices) and student outcomes.


Fox, V.E., Lindeque, P.M., Simmons, R.E., Berry, H.H., Brain, C. & Braby, R. 1997. Flamingo 'rescue' in Etosha National Park, 1994: technical, conservation and economic considerations. Ostrich 68 (2–4): 72–76. During April 1994,144 Greater Flamingo Phoenicopterus ruber chicks were taken from Etosha Pan, Namibia, following drying of the shallow water and the death of hundreds of chicks. The captured chicks ranged from approximately 2 weeks to 2 months of age and were hand-reared at Okaukuejo until being released (7 weeks later) or sold (12 weeks later). Fourteen birds died within 8 days; only two died later. Of 77 chicks released at Walvis Bay, their traditional wintering grounds, 76 were fitted with yellow plastic rings and 73 with numbered metal rings. These grey juveniles were highly visible in the lagoon among the pink adults, and were resighted regularly. Most of the 20 birds recovered dead within two months of release were birds with wing chord measurements less than 315 mm, and black-backed jackal C...


Purpose: Recent works suggested that the signal arises from diffusion-weighted (DW) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) at high b values might be affected by physiological phenomena following neuronal activity. In principle, this approach might provide a more direct measure of brain activity and represent a notable advancement in fMRI investigation. Pampel and coworkers showed that the interaction between DW gradients and susceptibility-induced background gradient fields around vessels has an impact on apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurements and fMRI experiments. Thanks to this dependence, DW fMRI activation maps are coherent with conventional BOLD fMRI derived activation maps and, notably, they are more "localized". A recent study, measuring the vascular component of DW fMRI under hypercapnia, which induces blood flow changes in the absence of a change in neuronal firing, has suggested that a large component of diffusion fMRI signal at high b value is vascular rather than neuronal effects. Other recent works have produced controversial explanations for the mechanisms underlying changes in the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) during brain activation. In the present work we investigated the signal source and spatial specificity of DW fMRI changes in the visual cortex by using an innovative approach based on nonGaussian description of water diffusion. The working hypothesis of the study was to demonstrate that non-Gaussian diffusion fMRI might represent a real advance in fMRI. Moreover, this study aimed at clarifying the biophysical process underpinning the observed changes in ADC during brain activation, employing the most recent results we obtained in the field of non-Gaussian diffusion MRI. Indeed, we have recently shown that the stretched exponent, γ, of the non-Gaussian stretched exponential model is strongly affected by local magnetic susceptibility variations, Δχ. Here we suggest exploiting this dependence to localize brain activation areas more accurately. Methods: four volunteers (males, age: 26±1) participated in this study after giving informed consent, according to the national laws and the local ethics committee guidelines. All imaging was obtained by using a 3.0T scanner (Siemens Magnetom Allegra, Siemens Medical Solutions, Erlangen, Germany), equipped with a circularly polarized transmit-receive coil. The maximum gradient strength was 40 mT m, with a maximum slew rate of 400 mT m ms. Eight oblique slices centered on the calcarine fissure were selected from a rapid localization scan. Using a block-design paradigm of visual stimulation we investigated the visual cortex by comparing Gaussian and non-Gaussian diffusion fMRI acquisitions to standard BOLD dependent experiments. Therefore, 256 volumes of diffusion weighted segmented echo planar images (DW SE-EPI) were acquired using the following parameters: TR/TE = 1400 / 107 ms, slice thickness 3 mm, with 50% gap, matrix size 64x64, in plane resolution of 3x3 mm. The diffusion encoding gradients were applied along readout direction using five different b values: 0, 500, 1500, 2000, 3000 s/mm. BOLD fMRI images were acquired by using a gradient-echo sequence with the same TR, 24 slices of 1mm thickness. For all fMRI experiments, visual stimulation was obtained from a flickering halfdartboard presented in the right visual field (frequency, 8 Hz), via projection on a semi-opaque screen within the MRI scanner room. The activation paradigm consisted of eight epochs of 16 scan = 22.4 s separated by a 16 scan = 22.4 s interval (Fig.1A). Activation maps were calculated individually for each subject. Images were first corrected for motion artifacts and registered to the high-resolution anatomical images followed by spatial smoothing with a Gaussian filter of 6 mm full width at half maximum. Usual BOLD fMRI activation maps were reconstructed, for each subject, using a first level analysis in SPM8 (www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/spm). Conventional Gaussian diffusion activation maps (ADC-maps) were obtained from the b = 2000 s/mm diffusion-sensitized fMRI images using SPM8 and following the data processing employed in ref.[1]. Non-Gaussian diffusion maps were calculated using the full range of b-values. A nonlinear Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm was used to estimate, from the diffusion-sensitized signal, S, at each b value, voxel-by-voxel, the non-Gaussian diffusion parameter, γ, according to the stretched exponential model: S=S0Exp[-(b ADC)]+η. The corresponding non-Gaussian diffusion activation maps (γ-maps) were obtained using SPM8, and following the same procedure employed for calculating ADC-maps. In all imaging modalities (BOLD, ADC and γ maps) voxels were classified as significantly activated at p values uncorrected <0.005. Results: First we examined the time-course of BOLD, ADC and γ within a volume of interest (VOI), separately for each subject. The VOIs were defined by thresholding activation maps at Zscore≥10 for BOLD maps and Zscore≥3 for ADC and γ maps. As expected, the ADC expansion time course showed a feeble increase at stimulus onset, and overall, the BOLD and ADC expansion time courses were similar in shape (Fig.1B). However, the most important and novel result concerns the γ expansion time course analysis (Fig.1C). BOLD and γ expansion time courses were compared to each other, and revealed a better matching than that observed between ADC and BOLD (Fig. 1B and C). ADC and γ activation maps directly calculated from the raw diffusion-sensitized MRI signals clearly showed activation of primary as well as secondary visual areas, such as the visual motion area MT/V5 which is typically activated by flickering stimuli (Fig.2). Voxels detected as activated from Gaussian and nonGaussian diffusion MRI were well located along the cortical ribbon. In contrast, BOLD fMRI identified were much broader areas of activation, encompassing large subcortical areas beyond the cortex (Fig.2). Finally, activated voxels from γ maps overlapped with those from ADC maps, but, in addition, they revealed a higher contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) and statistical significance (e.g. see time-courses in Fig.1 and V1 regions in Fig.2). Discussion: the time course analysis (Fig.1) performed in this study shows that non-Gaussian diffusion response to brain activation matches well to the BOLD activation, and is more pronounced than that observed by conventional ADC methods. This result is in full agreement with recent work concerning Gaussian diffusion fMRI and with recent findings on non-Gaussian diffusion MRI. Indeed, we have recently shown that non-Gaussian γ parameter is strongly affected by local Δχ. Results reported in Fig.1C demonstrate that it is possible to exploit this dependence to monitor time-varying local Δχ due to brain activation. Moreover, the overlap of activated voxels between γ and ADC maps (Fig.2) suggests that the vascular contribution, and thus local Δχ time variations, are predominant contributors to ADC changes of voxels activation detected by γ maps (Fig.2) indicates that non-Gaussian diffusion fMRI might provide a better anatomical localization of brain activation when compared to BOLD and conventional Gaussian diffusion fMRI. Finally, according to Miller and coworkers, we found that vascular contribution (in capillaries and small veils) is predominant in ADC variations, and that non-Gaussian, compared to conventional diffusion MRI techniques are more sensitive and spatially specific to the signal source. Conclusion: in this work we exploit the recent evidence of the strong dependence of non-Gaussian γ parameter on local Δχ in order to show: 1) vascular contribution (in capillaries and small veils) is predominant in the ADC variations found in Gaussian diffusion fMRI; 2) non-Gaussian diffusion fMRI is more sensitive and spatially localized to the signal source than Gaussian diffusion fMRI; 3) it is possible to use non-Gaussian diffusion fMRI to localize brain activation areas more accurately than usual BOLD fMRI. Here we show that non-Gaussian diffusion fMRI could represent an advance in functional neuroimaging. References: KL Miller et al., PNAS 104 (2007); 20967–20972. T Jin et al. NeuroImage 41 (2008); 801-812. A Pampel et al., NMR in Biomedicine 23 (2010); 610-618. M Palombo et al., J Chem Phys 135 (2011); 034504. M Palombo et al., J Magn Reson 216 (2012); 28-36. R.B. Buxton et al., Magn Reson Med 39 (1998); 855–864. Z Kubova et al., Vision Res 35 (1995); 197–205. Fig.1 Representative results from one subject. A) time scheme of the model used to produce the one-side visual cortex stimulation. B) Time courses of Gaussian diffusion (b=2000 s/mm) and BOLD fMRI signals. C) Time courses of non-Gaussian diffusion and BOLD fMRI signals. Gray swathes in B) and C) indicate stimulation and rest blocks (time expressed in scan units; 1 scan = 1.4 s). Error bars represent the standard deviation of the response across the corresponding eight epochs.


A 31-year-old man was referred to our hospital for chest abnormal shadow on a routine health checkup. Two nodular lesions were found at the 2nd intercostal space by computed tomography. Chest wall ultrasonography showed 2 masses suspecting tumors. Tumors were resected through 3-cm skin incision with the assistance of thoracoscope. Pathological diagnosis was both schwannomas. Ultrasonography was useful in resecting chest wall tumor.


The following facts related to the early history of Leontius' translation of Homer are now established. In the winter of 1358-59, Petrarch, at Padua, made the acquaintance of Leontius Pilatus.' On August 18, 1360, Petrarch wrote to Boccaccio the letter Var. 25, in which Petrarch indicates knowledge of the arrangement that Leontius is to translate Homer in Florence for Boccaccio and others, offers his aid in securing a text formerly on sale at Padua, and promises to send his own text if the Paduan one is not available.2 On October 9, 1360, Petrarch wrote to Homer the letter Fam. xxiv. 12, in which he announces with joy that the translation has actually begun.In November, 1362, Boccaccio left Florence for Naples. He then expected to stay there indefinitely; but he left in April, 1363.4 He went from


Purpose: To quantify neuroanatomical changes using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with cerebral metastasized breast cancer after brain radiotherapy (RT). Methods: Fifteen patients with breast cancer with brain metastases who underwent whole brain RT (WBR), radiosurgery (RS), and/or hypofractionated stereotactic treatment (STX) were examined at four time points (TPs). A total of 48 MRIs were available: prior to RT (TP1), 5–8 months after RT (TP2), 9–11 months after RT (TP3), and >20 months after RT (TP4). Using automatic segmentation, 25 subcortical structures were analyzed. Patients were split into three groups: STX (receiving STX and RS), RS (receiving RS only), and WBR (receiving WBR at least once). After testing for a normal distribution for all values using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, a two-sided paired t test was used to analyze volumetric changes. For those values that were not normally distributed, the nonparametric Mann-Whitney test was employed. Results: The left cerebellum white matter (p = 0.028), the right pallidum (p = 0.038), and the left thalamus (p = 0.039) significantly increased at TP2 compared to TP1. The third ventricle increased at all TPs (p = 0.034–0.046). The left choroid plexus increased at TP3 (p = 0.037) compared to TP1. The left lateral ventricle increased at TP3 (p = 0.012) and TP4 (p = 0.027). Total gray matter showed a trend of volume decline in STX and WBR groups. Conclusions: These findings indicate that alterations in the volume of subcortical structures may act as a sensitive parameter when evaluating neuroanatomical changes and brain atrophy due to radiotherapy. Differences observed for patients who received STX and WBR, but not those treated with RS, need to be validated further.


We perform a suite of smoothed particle hydrodynamics simulations to investigate in detail the results of a giant impact on the young Uranus. We study the internal structure, rotation rate, and atmospheric retention of the post-impact planet, as well as the composition of material ejected into orbit. Most of the material from the impactor's rocky core falls in to the core of the target. However, for higher angular momentum impacts, significant amounts become embedded anisotropically as lumps in the ice layer. Furthermore, most of the impactor's ice and energy is deposited in a hot, high-entropy shell at a radius of ∼3 R⊕. This could explain Uranus' observed lack of heat flow from the interior and be relevant for understanding its asymmetric magnetic field. We verify the results from the single previous study of lower resolution simulations that an impactor with a mass of at least 2 M⊕ can produce sufficiently rapid rotation in the post-impact Uranus for a range of angular momenta. At least 90% of the atmosphere remains bound to the final planet after the collision, but over half can be ejected beyond the Roche radius by a 2 or 3 M⊕ impactor. This atmospheric erosion peaks for intermediate impactor angular momenta (∼3 × 1036 kg m2 s−1). Rock is more efficiently placed into orbit and made available for satellite formation by 2 M⊕ impactors than 3 M⊕ ones, because it requires tidal disruption that is suppressed by the more massive impactors.


The skin e(cid:11)ect is a major limitation for Eddy Current Tomography ECT. It limits its ability to image (cid:13)aws inside electricaly conductive material. In this paper we tackle the inverse problem in a Bayesian framework which imply the computation of the hyperparameters de(cid:12)ning the weight of the a priori in the estimate. To improve its performance regarding buried (cid:13)aws, we sug-gest that hyperparameters of the inverse problem can't be the same for each layer of discretization and we propose a method to bias them accordingly to the skin ef-fect.


Objective To study the valve of time-resolved imaging of contrast kinetics(TRICKS)in the diagnosis of extremity musculoskeletal neoplasms.Methods First,22 cases of extremity musculoskeletal neoplasms were scanned with conventional sequences.Second,contrast medium was injected and TRICKS was performed,then enhanced images were obtained in axial plane,sagittal plane and coronal plane.The overall image quality and the demonstration of neoplasms were analyzed,and the qualitative diagnosis was compared with surgical and pathological results.Results TRICKS was successfully performed in all patients.TRICKS demonstrated the arterio-venous structures dynamically.The qualitative diagnosis was consistent with surgical and pathological results.Conclusion The operation of TRICKS is simple,and it can observe arterio-venous structures without interfere enhanced scan.TRICKS should be a conventional sequence in the examination of extremity musculoskeletal diseases.


PURPOSE: An array type emitting element and a device thereof are provided to reduce a light loss due to a second conversion at each wavelength converting layer by coating each wavelength converting layer on only corresponding light emitting unit and emitting the light on a light emitting diode chip which is separately driven according to an AC frequency. CONSTITUTION: A semiconductor light emitting array is formed on a substrate(111) and includes a first light emitting unit(R1) and a second light emitting unit(R3). A first wavelength converting material is formed on the first light emitting unit and has a second ray with a second spectrum by a first ray. A second wavelength material is formed on a second light emitting unit and has a third ray with a third spectrum. A circuit layer(118) alternatively turns on the first and second light emitting units by electrically connecting the first and second light emitting units.


In this paper, we propose a scheme in which the watermarking is carried out in the spatial domain using robust feature points to aid in its embedding and extraction. Specific feature points are not only used to embed the information, but also act as a geometrical reference. We propose here a new algorithm that uses the scale invariant feature transform (SIFT), Shape theory, and projective area-invariants. The Projective Area-Invariants Transformation allows an image with a distinguished triangle to be put in correspondence with a an affine invariant universal image. The new algorithm is based on embedding the watermark in region around robust feature points and using shape theory to remediate the effects of affine attacks.


Variation in the degree of basicranial flexion plays an important role in the analysis of hominin fossil remains. This variation in the angulation of the cranial base (CBA) is informative of clade distinctions throughout primates, and other mammals, and is informative of both developmental and phylogenetic processes. This is due to its putative covariance with traits such as encephalization and body size. Estimation of the CBA has been traditionally derived from endocranial landmarks. However, more recent analyses suggest that the CBA may be derived from ectocranial landmarks as well. The relative ease of obtaining ectocranial landmarks makes this method especially attractive when considering the time and cost of obtaining endocranial landmark data. To date there has been no comparison of these methods to determine whether or not they are reflecting the same mean angles and variance. This study assesses concordance among the four endocranial techniques and among four ectocranial techniques, and then compares endocranial and ectocranial methods for measuring the CBA.


Objective To analyze the prognostic factors in acute-on-chronic liver failure( ACLF) patients with hepatic encephalopathy( HE) and to explore the risk factors for prognosis. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on106 ACLF patients with HE who were hospitalized in our hospital from January 2010 to July 2013. The patients were divided into improved group and deteriorated group. The univariate indicators including age,sex,laboratory indicators [total bilirubin( TBil),albumin( Alb),alanine aminotransferase( ALT),aspartate amino-transferase( AST),and prothrombin time activity( PTA) ],the stage of HE,complications [persistent hyponatremia,digestive tract bleeding,hepatorenal syndrome( HRS),ascites,infection,and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis( SBP) ],and plasma exchange were analyzed by chi-square test or t-test. Indicators with statistical significance were subsequently analyzed by binary logistic regression. Results Univariate analysis showed that ALT( P = 0. 009),PTA( P = 0. 043),the stage of HE( P = 0. 000),and HRS( P = 0. 003) were significantly different between the two groups,whereas differences in age,sex,TBil,Alb,AST,persistent hyponatremia,digestive tract bleeding,ascites,infection,SBP,and plasma exchange were not statistically significant( P 0. 05). Binary logistic regression demonstrated that PTA( b =-0. 097,P =0. 025,OR =0. 908),HRS( b =2. 279,P =0. 007,OR =9. 764),and the stage of HE( b = 1. 873,P = 0. 000,OR = 6. 510) were prognostic factors in ACLF patients with HE. Conclusion The stage of HE,HRS,and PTA are independent influential factors for the prognosis in ACLF patients with HE. Reduced PTA,advanced HE stage,and the presence of HRS indicate worse prognosis.


Summary To determine whether the dilute locus was associated with a greater behavioral need for pyridoxine and to ascertain the effects of this locus per se on audiogenic seizure severity in mice, the dilute gene was varied over several backgrounds. C57Bl/6J, DBA/2J, first and second filial generations and backcrosses were made sensitive to audiogenic seizures by acoustic priming at age 21 days, placed on regimens of 0, 15, or 30 mg pyridoxine HCl/kg diet for 14 days, and then tested for audiogenic seizures. It was concluded that: 1) lack of pyridoxine enhanced audiogenic seizure severity; 2) the dilute locus per se was not associated with a difference of audiogenic seizure severity; 3) the dilute gene was not associated with a greater behavioral need for pyridoxine, as measured by audiogenic seizures; and 4) the DBA/2J was recessive to the C57Bl/6J for audiogenic seizure severity under the conditions of this experiment.


The present thesis deals with the subject of quality in education. More specifically it deals with the role and action of the Scholikou Symvoulou of Primary Education. This person in the Greek educational system is responsible for the scientific and pedagogical guidance, consultation and the evaluation of teachers.
It seems that the Greek educational policies that concerns quality in education do not have roots in the Greek educational tradition. They come as a result and consequence to the Greek's participation in International Organizations and Unions. The dissertation focus starts from the dual point that the study of Greek educational policy should consider on the one hand the international makers of educational policy (European Union and International Organizations) and on the other the national specific under which the action of players who can modify, affect or determine the final success of political decision in their implementation.
In this context we attempt to understand the meaning of quality in education, to study how this notion is used by the international organizations and how it is formulated and implemented in the Greek educational system.
Through the content analysis of documents of International Organizations, of the European Union, of the Greek regulative framework and of the journal "Didaskaliko Vima" (1993-2008) and also the findings of the 28 semi-structured interviews of Scholikous Symvoulous we attempt on the one hand to analyze and explain the implementation of the Greek regulative framework and on the other to clarify and analyze the role and actions of Scholikou Symvoulou.
The findings of the research bring to light the gap between formulation and implementation of the Greek educational policy that concerns quality in education. Furthermore the findings bring to light the obstacles, the restrictions of his/ her action but also the ways that he/ she has to develop action that promotes quality in education. In order to make clear this action that promotes quality, findings are used from semi-structured interviews to teachers.


Pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) can be used to treat bone‐related diseases, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear, especially the process by which PEMFs initiate biological effects. In this study, we demonstrated the effects of PEMF on proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts using the model of calcium transients induced by high extracellular calcium. Our results showed that PEMF can increase both the percentage of responding cells and amplitude of intracellular calcium transients induced by high extracellular calcium stimulation. Compared with corresponding extracellular calcium levels, PEMF stimulation increased proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts and related gene expressions, such as insulin‐like growth factor 1 (IGF‐1), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), runt‐related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), and osteocalcin (OCN), which can be completely abolished by BAPTA‐AM. Moreover, PEMF did not affect proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts if no intracellular calcium transient was present in osteoblasts during PEMF exposure. Our results revealed that PEMF affects osteoblast proliferation and differentiation through enhanced intracellular calcium transients, which provided a cue to treat bone‐related diseases with PEMF. Bioelectromagnetics. 38:541–549, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


Aim:  To characterize the locus for O‐antigen biosynthesis from Escherichia coli O172 type strain and to develop a rapid, specific and sensitive PCR‐based method for identification and detection of E. coli O172.


Metabolic syndrome(MS) may be caused by atypical antipsychotics(AAPs),and the possible mechanisms have not been fully revealed.Adipocytes regulate energy metabolism through release of adipocytokines.Studies have demonstrated that the impact of AAPs on adipokines is one of the potential mechanisms of drug-induced MS,and adiponectin is an important adipocytokine closely related to MS.The association between AAPs-induced MS and adiponectin is reviewed in this paper.


Electroluminescence(EL) was observed on conventional cathodoluminescent (CL)phosphor with the incorporation of carbon nanotube(CNT) at ambient air. The role of CNT can be understood as enhancing the local electrical field, which allows electron injection to the active center of phosphor at relatively low operating voltages. In this EL device, the brightness of CLphosphor was significantly improved from no light emission in the case of no addition of CNT to 35 cd / m 2 with 1 wt % CNT at 10 kHz of ac 300 V.


The article deals with theoretical and applied problems of creating systems to support personnel decision-making. The purpose of this article is to clarify the methodological principles of building models that formalize the processes of personnel decision making. The tested subject area belongs to semistructured systems described using the quantitative and qualitative indicators. Given the nature of the subject area, the mathematical apparatus based on the application of decision theory methods and expert assessments was used for the formalization of processes under consideration. The paper considers features and limitations related to the use of the integral assessments indicators. The article also discusses the practical aspects of developing a data warehouse for storing the results of expert evaluations of personnel.


We study self-homotopy equivalences and diffeomorphisms of the (n + 1)-dimensional manifold x = #, (Sí x t) for any n =3. Then wecompletely determine the group of pseudo-isotopy classes of homeomorphisms of X and extend to dimension n well—known theorems due to F. Laudenbach and y. Poenaru [10],[12]and 3M. Montesinos ¡14].


The postgraduate coursework curriculum at the University of Southern Queensland includes a number of engineering management courses focused on developing professional engineering knowledge and skills, such as advanced project management, asset management, risk management and innovation management. Such skills are normally developed through traditional coursework approaches like on-line and written study materials, lectures and tutorials. While such teaching approaches have been successful, it is considered desirable to more strongly embed the professional skills taught into the learner's future professional practice. Teaching techniques based on experiential learning have the potential to achieve this objective, through processes based on activities like having a concrete experience, reflective observation, abstract conceptualisation and active experimentation. In teaching professional skills, this approach can be delivered through activities like reflective exercises designed to aid understanding, and assignments that as well as being authentic include reflection, development and implementation of the principles taught. It is also possible to further enhance student development though using marker feedback from an experiential learning activity, such as an assignment in a particular course, to inform a subsequent learning cycle of that course. Experiential learning can be enhanced through other approaches like embodied learning, which helps learners to better understand a principle through experiencing the application of theory, and through other techniques like gaming. Advantages and disadvantages of how experiential learning approaches can be applied to improve the development of professional knowledge and skills in postgraduate students undertaking engineering management courses, along with examples of its use, are discussed.


A quantum transport simulator, Schrodinger equation Monte Carlo in two dimensions (SEMC-2D), is presented that provides a rigorous yet reasonably computationally efficient quantum mechanical treatment of real scattering processes within quantum transport simulations of nanoscale metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs). This work represents an extension of an early version of SEMC for simulating quantum transport and scattering in quasi-one-dimensional device geometries such as encountered in conventional and quantum-cascade lasers. In many respects SEMC is simply a variation on nonequilibrium Green's function techniques, with scattering as well as carrier injection into the simulation region treated via Monte Carlo techniques. In this regard, SEMC also represents a quantum analog of semiclassical Monte Carlo. Scattering mechanisms considered include crystal momentum randomizing acoustic and optical intra- and intervalley scattering (and intra- and intersubband scattering), and nonrand...


In this article the content 'Methodological school' is considered, the two first methodological schools for teachers of Russian as a second language are described – in the Baltic region and in Kazan, their performance characteristic is given.


Introduction: Cutaneous malignancies account for 1%–2% of all the diagnosed cancers in India. Nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSCs) include basal cell carcinomas (BCC) and squamous cell carcinomas (SCC). Others include melanoma, cutaneous lymphomas, and sarcomas. Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays is the most important risk factor associated with skin malignancies, although various other factors are also implicated. Aims and Objectives: The aims of this work were to study clinical spectrum with age and sex distribution of cutaneous malignancies and metastasis; to study clinicopathological variants of each type of cutaneous malignancies; and to study the risk factors associated with cutaneous malignancies. Patients and Methods: It was a retrospective analysis of clinically and biopsy proven cases of cutaneous malignancies from January 1, 2016 to January 31, 2018. Medical records of patients were assessed with respect to demographic information, clinical examination, dermoscopy, and histopathology. Statistical analysis was done using mean, proportion, and percentage. Results: Sixty-six cases with cutaneous malignancies were recruited. There was female preponderance. The most common age group affected was 60–70 years. BCC was the most common malignancy (41%) followed by SCC (30%), malignant melanoma (9%), and cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (1.5%). Head and neck was the most common site involved. The most common clinical type of both BCC and SCC was the nodular type. Acral lentiginous was the most frequent subtype of melanoma reported. The most common predisposing for NMSCs was prolonged sun exposure (46%). Conclusion: This study highlights an increasing trend of NMSCs with female preponderance. Head and neck is the most common site involved. Increased risk of NMSCs is seen with increased sun exposure and predisposed genetic conditions. T-cell lymphoma was common than B-cell type. The most common internal malignancy to cause cutaneous metastasis was breast carcinoma.


A nine-year-old boy weighing 24 kg referred to our hospital for surgical treatment of re-coarctation of the aorta and aortic arch hypoplasia. He had a history of resection of coarctation of the aorta with end-to-end anastomosis 4 years before. Computerized tomography angiography of the chest revealed obvious narrowing at the repaired site and confirmed the aortic arch hypoplasia. Following a left re-thoracotomy, a Dacron patch graft was used to restore aortic continuity. The postoperative course was uneventful and the patient was discharged on the seventh postoperative day. Post-operative control computerized tomography angiograhy confirmed the patency of the patch plasty .


Human physique and physical fitness might be influenced by genetic factors as well as environment and life style such as diets, exercising habit, etc. especially during growing periods. Comparing Japanese in Japan with people of Japanese parentage who were born and grew up in foreign countries may be a useful method of studying this problem. The major countries where a large number of people of Japanese descent live are the U.S.A. and Brazil, but to go to those countries to conduct an investigation is not convenient. Recently, there are many 2nd and 3rd generation Japanese-Brazilians who live in Japan and work for Japanese manufacturing companies. In this study, these Japanese-Brazilians were used as the subjects, and their physique and physical fitness were tested and measured to compare the data with the existing data for Japanese. The statistical result showed that in most of the testing and measuring items Japanese scored higher both in physique and in physical fitness than Japanese-Brazilians.


Changes to legislation, together with special authorization procedures, now enable local authorities to install a wide range of traffic calming measures at localities including villages on trunk and other major roads. In 1994, research began on the effectiveness of these measures on busy roads with a significant proportion of heavy goods vehicles. Craven Arms, on the A49 trunk road in Shropshire, was one of two sites to be chosen initially for the study. The measures include gateways on each approach, with speed cushions, mini-roundabouts, painted 30mph roundels on patches of red surface at intervals, refuges and centre hatching on a red background in the village itself. 'Before' and 'after' measurements of speeds, journey times, traffic noise and ground vibration were carried out, followed by a public opinion survey. The results are presented in this report. Although speed reductions were substantial, many residents expressed reservations about the scheme. (A)


In this paper we present a conceptual framework linking cultural heterogeneity to inter-group conflict. When conflict is about control of public goods, more heterogeneous groups are expected to fight more with each other. In contrast, when conflict is about rival goods, more similar groups are more likely to engage in war with each other. We formalize these ideas within an analytical model and discuss recent empirical studies that are consistent with the model's implications.


The cascaded second-order nonlinear interactions of Sum-frequency and Difference-frequency Generation (SFG+DFG) in periodically poled lithium niobate waveguide were presented. Through theoretical analysis and numerical simulations, the walk-off effect between sum-frequency pulse and pump pulse caused by Group Velocity Mismatch (GVM) was discussed. The results demonstrate that Sum Frequency (SF) pulse is continually broadened with wavelength and scatters the energy from the interaction zone in pulsed pumping wavelength conversion, so the balance of energy in the center of interactions is broken. As a result, the conversion efficiency of Difference Frequency (DF) greatly increases because of the low conversion efficiency of SF and DF pulse waveform is asymmetrical with a phase shift of peak power. At the same time, the results demonstrate that the pump-bandwidth is broad if two pump-wavelengths are adjusted simultaneously and it is narrow if only one pump-wavelength is adjusted alone.


In the works of Thomas Wolfe,"seeking father"is a common theme.In his early works,with the hero Eugene's growth,the"father"in his mind has accordingly changed into a variety of spiritual strength.Based on the evolution of the image of the"father"in Western literature,the paper focuses on the theme of"seeking father"in Wolfe's works,analyzing the six prototypes of the image of father in the hero's mind,intending to explore the essence and meaning of his spiritual pursuit.The adoption of the theme of"seeking father"deepens the novel's inner meaning,enriching the story connotation,thus perfecting and unifying the novel's external form and internal thinking.


A comprehensive textbook of ophthalmology, which presents all the relevant information needed for examinations. The authors have produced a coherent summary of this often demanding speciality, the text is well-expressed, logically organized and uses clear diagrams, photographs and lists of key points to make complex issues easier to understand and revise. The authors explain, step-by-step, the practical ophthalmological procedures that all GPs and Casualty Officers need which, with the practical checklist, makes this a useful everyday reference. Following a concise description of anatomy and physiology assessment and refraction, the book takes a problem-solving approach to the major ophthalmological signs and symptoms: squint or strabismus, glaucoma, red eye, sudden painless loss of vision, gradual painless loss of vision, neuro-ophthalmological problems, diabetes, trauma. Supplementing these core clinical problems are comprehensive chapters on tropical ophthalmology, genetics and the epidemiology of visual loss.


Drought characteristics can be effectively analyzed by using drought index,but in the period of analyzing periodical,turbulent features etc,it mainly relies on artificial discrimination,with lower accuracy,and difficult to extract the general rules of drought characteristics and abnormal years.In order to meet the requirements of automation and intelligent development,wavelet and Palmer index combination was introduced in drought characteristics analysis,including periodical,turbulent and trend features etc.The experiment showd that wavelet decomposition results could reflect the drought characteristics intuitively and the cycle characteristics of drought characteristics change correctly,precipitation showed obvious downward trend,which means that the wavelet function to Palmer index decomposition could effectively realize the in-depth analysis of drought features.


DOM is a language and platform-neutral XML parsing model.Based on the implementation of DOM Core model and several DOM extended specifications,an XML editor ONCEXMLEditor is developed.Depending on its built-in efficient XML validation and serializing,ONCEXMLEditor can provide versatile capabilities for end-users,including giving custom-made traversal of XML docu-ments,presenting context-aware editing,be capable of correcting errors immediately,along with flexible load and save mechanism.The architecture of ONCEXMLEditor is described and its essential algorithms is shown and the performance tuning policies for XML document loading and saving as well as XML validation are obtained.


This study aims to explore the preferred and perceived leadership of life insurance agents among the top insurance players in Malaysia to pinpoint areas of improvements, which could be used as insurance leaders\' guides. Beside that, this study also aims to examine the relationship and impact of the perceived leadership styles on agents\' job satisfaction.


Aristotle and theologians began to adopt that philosophical and scientific approach which was to become so characteristic of later scholasticism. In this period of change, discussion of the three opinions involved discussion of such philosophical notions as essence, nature, person etc. This was the period of intellectual ferment to which William of Auxerre (-~I231) belonged. The results of so much philosophical and theological debate were to influence considerably the later thirteenth century theologians and the subsequent history of theology. In the present work, Father Principe furnishes us with a critical edition


Objective To investigate the organization and development of intensive care units for neonates and children(ICUs),and to make recommendations for the development of ICUs in china.Methods A written questionnaire was sent to 40 hospitals with more than 100 pediatric beds.Results Twenty seven of the 40 hospitals responded.All 27 hospitals were tertiary hospitals,linked to 17 provinces and municipalities in China.There were 44 medical ICUs in total,including 18 PICU,20 NICU and 6P/NICU.The mean ICU beds were 12(6 40).Each ICU bed was on average equipped with 0 43(0 13 1 25)ventilator,with 0 56(0 2 1 4)multifunctional monitor.The bed to physician ratio and bed to nurse ratio were 1:0 75 and 1:1 37,respectively.Transport service was provided in 51 9% of 27 hospitals.Altogether there were 15 805 admissions during 2000.The mortality rate was 4 6%(0 9 10 4).The survival rate of premature under 1 000gm or 1 500gm were 42 2% and 75 1% respectively and of patients after cardiopulmonary resuscitation was 71 4%.Conclusions ICUs in tertiary hospital have developed steadily in China in the past decades.The ICU equipment and staff have improved compared to 1992,but still does not meet international standards.Regionalization of pediatric critical care services is not fully implemented.Many of th ICU beds were occupied by low risk patients.We recommend that ICUs set up intermediate care units.Criteria of admission and discharge from ICU should be applied conscientiously.ICUs should develop transport services.A prospective study of risk adjusted outcome should be conducted in order to assess the effectiveness of critical care for neonates and childern in china.


PURPOSE: A method for managing production information of product, a control center therefor, and a management system for production information of the product are provided to reflect taste of the consumer rapidly. CONSTITUTION: A production information managing system(1) for apparel goods etc. of the present embodiment has a computer(2) installed in an apparel maker, a computer(3) installed in a vendor, a computer(4) installed in a component factory manufacturing components used for accessory of apparel goods etc., a computer(5) installed in an assembly factory for assembling the components into accessories, and a control center(6) for managing and controlling information on production of apparel goods etc. The control center(6) and the computers(3,4,5) installed respectively in the apparel maker, the vendor, the component factory and the assembly factory are connected through Internet(7) in a mutually communicatable manner. The control center(6) has a light security area being divided from the outside by a firewall(8) and capable of being accessed from the outside, and a heavy security area further divided from the light security area by an additional firewall(9) and which is incapable of being accessed from the outside. A mail server(10) for transmitting and receiving mail, a web server(11) for transmitting and receiving web pages, and a web-page database(12) are located in the light security area.


Traditional teaching Instruction is a technical term which especially refers to Herbart's Theory rather than traditional and unenlightened didactical theory.His theory was introduced into China from Japan at the end of 19 Century and the beginning of 20 Century.It has been dominant till recent in the areas of theory and practice.During the last 100 years,Traditional instruction was survived from most difficult and painful course which included with 3 times of ups and downs plus with 2 times of transplants.All those are associated with political factors,social situation,practical inertia,and theoretical characteristics.Traditional instruction was "rebuilt" unceasingly and thus it is far away from its initiator's,Dr.Johann Friedrich Herbart's.


Convolutional neural networks have presented a new paradigm in the field of computer vision, but their fixed convolutional filter size causes long-range dependency loss problems. Also, because of the equal importance of all convolution filters, unnecessary information is included in the convolution result. These problems are more serious in image segmentation, where every pixel is labeled, as opposed to image classification or object recognition. In this paper, to alleviate these problems, we propose an attention-based neural network block that extracts robust features including channel and spatial information. The proposed block calculates the pixel relationship on a unit channel and then calculates the importance among channels. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed blocks, we constructed segmentation models by applying the proposed blocks to well-known network and measures their segmentation accuracy. We report some of the results.


Certain violations against Kuwait Public Funds (PFs) had occurred during and prior to the invasion of Kuwait, especially abroad, by Kuwaiti and non‐Kuwaiti nationals, when some of the public servants or such employees, who were authorised to administrate Kuwaiti companies abroad, had embezzled public funds, or conspired to obtain benefit in an illegal manner. Consequently, Kuwait has lost approximately $6bn.


Given the rapid development of neurology, neurosurgery, otolaryngology and forensic medicine, there is a need for new, updated morphological data of internal base of the skull, in particular middle cranial fossa. This is due to the complex bone architecture of the middle cranial fossa and the location of important neurovascular structures in this area, which are important for surgeons not to damage during the operation. In this regard, it is necessary to detail the features of the structure, shape, position and size of the middle cranial fossa. The aim of the work is a detailed morphological and craniometric study of the linear parameters of the middle cranial fossa of a mature person depending on gender. The study was performed by studying 50 CT scans of the head and 50 bone preparations of the skulls of men and women of mature age. In our study, a detailed morphometry of longitudinal and latitudinal parameters at different levels of the middle cranial fossa, as well as determining its depth and area. Morphometry of linear parameters of the studied area of the skull showed the presence of a range of variability in length, width and depth depending on the sex of a mature person. The study showed an increase in the longitudinal size of the middle cranial fossa from the lateral to the medial; the transverse dimensions of the middle cranial fossa take on smaller values in its anterior parts and gradually increase to the posterior ones, which in our opinion is due to the characteristic shape of this part of the skull. The performed morphometry of longitudinal and latitudinal parameters, depth and area of the middle cranial fossa showed that these parameters are predominant in males in contrast to females, which is due to the slightly increased head size in this group of adult's people. Depth of the middle cranial fossa has the smallest range of variability depending on sex. It is established that right-handed asymmetry is more often observed in mature people of both sexes. Rarely, left-sided asymmetry is determined due to an increase in the length of the lateral sections in mature men. The data obtained make it possible to expand knowledge about the structure of the middle cranial fossa and can serve as a basis for further research.


The present invention comprises two slugs relates to a coaxial automatic impedance adapter, characterized in that of having only a translational movement in the lateral direction along the Ox axis. The principle of the double slug type tuner is based on the movement of the two line sections of different characteristics than the 50Ω inside the closure cylindrical body closed at both ends by standard connectors.


Accurate Computer-Assisted Diagnosis, relying on large-scale annotated pathological images, can alleviate the risk of overlooking the diagnosis. Unfortunately, in medical imaging, most available datasets are small/fragmented. To tackle this, as a Data Augmentation (DA) method, 3D conditional Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) can synthesize desired realistic/diverse 3D images as additional training data. However, no 3D conditional GAN-based DA approach exists for general bounding box-based 3D object detection, while it can locate disease areas with physicians' minimum annotation cost, unlike rigorous 3D segmentation. Moreover, since lesions vary in position/size/attenuation, further GAN-based DA performance requires multiple conditions. Therefore, we propose 3D Multi-Conditional GAN (MCGAN) to generate realistic/diverse 32 × 32 × 32 nodules placed naturally on lung Computed Tomography images to boost sensitivity in 3D object detection. Our MCGAN adopts two discriminators for conditioning: the context discriminator learns to classify real vs synthetic nodule/surrounding pairs with noise box-centered surroundings; the nodule discriminator attempts to classify real vs synthetic nodules with size/attenuation conditions. The results show that 3D Convolutional Neural Network-based detection can achieve higher sensitivity under any nodule size/attenuation at fixed False Positive rates and overcome the medical data paucity with the MCGAN-generated realistic nodules–even expert physicians fail to distinguish them from the real ones in Visual Turing Test.


The present invention relates to the field of genetic engineering, two types of potato virus X overexpression vector construct, and one method and application bimolecular fluorescence complementation carrier. By way of recombinant, genomic potato virus X 1985 isolate was cloned into downstream of the promoter 35S, infectious clones obtained by Agrobacterium infiltration can infect tobacco, tomato, potato and other Solanaceae crops. Transformation of infectious clones obtained overexpression vector was highly expressed one or two kinds of foreign proteins in host plants, and can identify the bimolecular fluorescence complementation protein interaction carrier.


The present invention relates to a polymer nanoparticle freeze-dried product, and a preparation method therefor, the polymer nanoparticle freeze-dried product being obtainable by treating, through a freeze-drying process comprising an annealing step, a polymer nanoparticle aqueous solution comprising an amphiphilic block copolymer, a polylactic acid derivative having a carboxyl terminal group, and a freeze-drying adjuvant, wherein the polymer nanoparticle freeze-dried product is reconstituted within five minutes upon reconstitution by means of an aqueous solvent under atmospheric pressure.


Suction buckets represent a viable solution as foundations for offshore wind turbines. Installation in sand is relatively straightforward, albeit with limited understanding of the resulting changes...


Among readers of Ellison, it is a truth universally acknowledged that the benchmark for his aesthetics and novelistic style is jazz. His own body of critical writing, as well as received readings of black modernism, insist on a definitive continuity between literature and music, from which visual culture remains at a considerable, historically determined distance. In often-cited essays on such blues and jazz legends as Duke Ellington, Louis Armstrong, Charlie Parker, and Charlie Christian; in remembrances of earlier jazz cultures; in the narrative rhythms of Invisible Man (which has been aptly described as ''a progression of jazz breaks taking off from and returning to the bass line of invisibility''): everywhere throughout his work, Ellison asks to be read as an ''ambidextrous'' figure, riffing on jazz and literary histories, thus responding to this American life and forging an authorial identity. Indeed, critic Robert O'Meally has identified jazz in America as ''Ellison's metaphor for democracy and love'' and ''the answer to the complicated question of identity'' in one. Ellison's work is thus taken to exemplify the apercu that, throughout their history and in response to the social conditions of their emergence, all black arts aspire to the condition of music – most particularly, the high-flying, mind-bending, magisterial flights, the hot dizzy highs and soulful lows, of improvisatory jazz.


Classifications techniques in data mining are useful for grouping data based on the related criteria and history. Categorization of goods into slow moving group or the other is important because it affects the policy of the selling. Various classification algorithms are available to predict labels or class labels of data. Two of them are Random Forest and Naive Bayes. Both algorithms have the ability to describe predictions in detail through indicators of accuracy, precision, and recall. This study aims to compare the performance of the two algorithms, which uses testing data of snacks with labels for package type, size, flavor and categories. The study attempts to analyze data patterns and decides whether or not the goods fall into the slow moving category. Our research shows that Random Forest algorithm predicts well with accuracy of 87.33%, precision of 85.82% and recall of 100%. The aforementioned algorithm performs better than Naive Bayes algorithm which attains accuracy of 84.67%, precision of 88.33% and recall of 92.17%. Furthermore, Random Forest algorithm attains AUC value of 0.975 which is slightly higher than that attained by Naive Bayes at 0.936. Random Forest algorithm is considered better based on the value of the metrics, which is reasonable because the algorithm does not produce bias and is very stable.


The present paper examines how multipactor impact points change when a perturbative harmonic mode is present, in addition to the fundamental mode which is primarily driving the multipactor. We propose a steerability-to-zero criterion to determine under what conditions a multipactor trajectory can be controlled through the perturbative mode. Simulated results are shown for a parallel-plate geometry, and the results are expected to be generalizable to coaxial and more complicated geometries. The results show that for the second, third, and fourth harmonics examined as perturbative modes, steerability-to-zero is possible under some circumstances, typically when the harmonic mode magnetic field is much stronger than the fundamental mode magnetic field. The results also show that to a good approximation, it is only the ratio of the magnetic fields between the perturbative and fundamental modes which determines whether or not multipactor trajectories can be controlled; this is because if two magnetic fields are present and are both scaled by the same factor, then the direction of the charged particle's deflection due to the magnetic fields will remain the same.


............................................................................................................................... v Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 1 Data .................................................................................................................................... 3 Theoretical framework and methodology ............................................................................. 4 Regression results ............................................................................................................... 7 Marginal value products and marginal factor costs ............................................................ 13 Land ........................................................................................................................... 18 Labor .......................................................................................................................... 18 Inorganic fertilizer ....................................................................................................... 19 White and hybrid maize seeds .................................................................................... 19 Measuring household level and social welfare losses ........................................................ 21 Share of losses on household income ........................................................................ 21 Value of losses per hectare ........................................................................................ 22 Social welfare losses .................................................................................................. 22 The determinants of allocative inefficiencies ...................................................................... 28 Labor intensity, land shirking and farm size ................................................................ 34 Concluding remarks .......................................................................................................... 38 References ........................................................................................................................ 40 Annexes ............................................................................................................................ 42 Annex of descriptive statistics by farm size ................................................................. 44


We study a global optimization problem where the objective function can be observed exactly at individual design points with no derivative information. We suppose that the design points are determined sequentially using an epsilon-greedy algorithm, that is, by sampling uniformly on the design space with a certain probability and otherwise sampling in a local neighborhood of the current estimate of the best solution. We study the rate at which the estimate converges to the global optimum and derive two types of bounds: an asymptotic pathwise rate and a concentration inequality measuring the likelihood that the asymptotic rate has not yet gone into effect. The order of the rate becomes faster when the width of the local search neighborhood is made to shrink over time at a suitably chosen speed.


In this paper, we introduce a way to apply rough set data analysis to the problem of extracting protein-protein interaction sentences in biomedical literature. Our approach builds on decision rules of protein names, interaction words, and their mutual positions in sentences. In order to broaden the set of potential interaction words, we develop a morphological model which generates spelling and inflection variants of the interaction words. We evaluate the performance of the proposed method on a hand-tagged dataset of 1894 sentences and show a precision-recall break-even performance of 79,8% by using leave-one-out cross-validation. The amount of published knowledge in the biomedical domain is overwhelming, and due to the introduction of high-throughput methods it grows at an unprecedented rate. While there are a number of efforts to identify and store information in databases [1, 2], most knowledge remains available only in unstructured text form in scientific articles and their abstracts. The premier bibliographic database in the field, PubMed 1 , contains over 14 million citations and more than 7 million abstracts. The amount of data makes manual information extraction a formidable task and is enough to deluge computationally expensive automatic information extraction systems such as those based on sentence parsing [3]. A number of projects have focused on the development of methods for extracting protein-protein interactions (see e.g. [4] for a recent survey). While most of the previous work has concentrated on extraction on the level of publication abstracts, we present a method for extracting sentences actually describing protein-protein interactions. The proposed method is highly efficient and it is additionally capable of explaining the decisions that have been made. This section is devoted to some basic concepts of rough set data analysis. We adopt here the notation used by Pawlak in [5]. An information system is a pair S = (U, A),


Abstract Corporate leverage among emerging market firms went up considerably after the 2007–09 Global Financial Crisis (GFC). We investigate how the increased emerging market corporate leverage in the post-GFC period (2010–15) impacted the underlying credit risk, compared to the pre-GFC (2002–2006) and GFC (2007–09) periods. Using firm-level credit risk, financial, and balance sheet data for 350 firms in 23 emerging markets, we find that leverage growth leads to a significant increase in corporate credit default swap (CDS) spreads only in the post-GFC period, and the incremental effect is mainly evident among risky firms (firms with high leverage and idiosyncratic volatility). In contrast, emerging market CDS spreads during the GFC period are mainly driven by global market risk factors. The post-GFC corporate debt vulnerability is mitigated for high growth prospect firms and firms domiciled in countries with high net capital inflows and superior governance. While corporate leverage growth impacts aggregate corporate credit risk, there is no evidence that it increases sovereign credit risk. Our paper contributes to the recent literature on potential sources of default risk in emerging markets.


Astrology has numerous valuable applications and one of such branch is Medical Astrology. It can play a major role in identification and diagnosis of health problems of a patient based on his horoscope provided the concept, analysis and approach is scientific. Horoscope depends upon birth details of a person that defines his life and health problems based on the chemistry of the planets. These health problem are depicted by misplacement of planets or placement of planets in unfriendly signs.


In this paper we present a physical-layer network coding (PNC) scheme based on the recently developed complex low density lattice codes (CLDLC). CLDLC has high coding gain, good algebraic properties, and better coding gain at low dimension than real LDLC, which make it a good candidate for PNC. We show a parametric decoder for CLDLC, and demonstrate, via simulation that CLDLC-based PNC achieves good performance in a two way relay channel.


The new 14th edition of this reference book whose purpose 'has from the start been to provide the health professional and medical investigator with a reliable and critical overview of all that is known – and much that is merely suspected but unproven – with respect to adverse drug reactions and interactions' weighs more than 4 kg and is almost 2000 pages long. It contains 47 chapters with over 70 contributors. There are literally tens of thousands of publication references including 448 on contraceptive hormones alone. Most date back many years. It provides primarily qualitative information on the millions of reported adverse effects obtained from spontaneous, anecdotal case reports on the thousands of marketed drugs reported to agencies and journals. The value and substantial limitations of these reports are described in the Preface written by I. R. Edwards from the WHO Collaborating Center for International Drug Monitoring.

To this reviewer, this extensive volume may be of some value to health professionals as a reference, but will be less valuable to investigators since the discussion of formal epidemiologic studies is limited and generally uncritical. Indeed, it is surprising and disappointing that the principles and methods of such studies which have been extensive and ongoing for more than 40 years are given scant attention. When they are discussed in individual chapters for drug groups such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and contraceptive and noncontraceptive hormones, the presentations are incomplete and uncritical in terms of the quality of the research.

For example, the discussion of the important and somewhat controversial finding of an increased risk of idiopathic venous thromboembolism in users of third generation oral contraceptives containing gestodene and desogestrel compared with users of oral contraceptives containing levonorgestrel is summarized in one sentence. Only one of the original three papers on the subject published in the Lancet in 1995 and none of the additional studies is referenced. The next sentence states that 'a fatal flaw of most studies is their failure to provide an adequate analysis of coexistent risk factors other than oral contraceptives.' This statement is flatly wrong. All of the many properly conducted studies provide control for age, calendar time, smoking and body mass index.

The information of most direct value that this reference text provides relates to proposed drug interactions and pharmacodynamics. Most such studies are derived from well conducted experimental studies.

A volume of this kind should provide an informed and comprehensive review of the science of pharmacoepidemiology which has now provided quantitative evaluation of a large number of important adverse drug effects. Such studies are now increasing in number. As with spontaneous reports, some studies reach high scientific standards while others do not.


This paper studies a class networked control systems where an approximate plant model is used in the controller side of a bidirectional communication network in order to reduce the data rates. Stability conditions are presented for the overall system, even in the case of inaccurate plant identification. When the plant model differs from the actual plant, the stability analysis is done using Interval Matrices techniques. We also provide a quantitative analysis of the tradeoff between admissible identification errors and their effect on the minimum data rate required to stabilize the system.


The invention relates to a wind speed dependent adaptation of a set point for a fatigue life of a structural component of a wind turbine. It is described a method for controlling the operation of a wind turbine (100) comprising at least one structural component. The described method comprises (a) scheduling a fatigue life time consumption of the structural component (114, 120, 122), (b) determining the current velocity of a wind which is driving the wind turbine, (c) specifying a current set point value for the fatigue life time consumption of the structural component based on the scheduled fatigue life time consumption of the structural component, (d) specifying a maximum set point value for the fatigue life time consumption of the structural component based on the determined current wind velocity, and (e) operating the wind turbine (100) depending on the specified current set point value and/or on the specified maximum set point value such that a mechanical load acting on the structural component is controlled. It is further described a machine load control system, a wind turbine and a computer program, which are adapted for carrying out and/or for controlling the described wind turbine operation control method.


The MHD generator appears to have wide applicability. Its development is proceeding both rapidly and encouragingly. Initial central station use is possible in the mid-1970s


This study aims to investigate the effect of entrepreneurial orientation (EO), network, and market orientation on the performance of small businesses (Small Business Performance) in West Java Province. Data was collected from 300 small business owners using a structured questionnaire. The results of multiple regression analysis show that the three independent variables have a significant positive effect on SBP. Market orientation has the strongest effect on SBP, followed by EO and network. The findings show that small business owners who have high levels of EO, network, and market orientation tend to perform better than those who have low levels of these characteristics. Small business owners in West Java Province can improve their performance by investing in developing EO capabilities, networks, and their market orientation. Future research can investigate the role of other variables, such as innovation, technology adoption, and strategic planning, on the performance of small businesses in West Java Province.


METHODS We conducted a retrospective analysis of ED visits for asthma final diagnoses (ICD-9: 493.0-493.9) and chief complaints indicators for the 2007 calendar year. Data were summarized by date, demographics, and geographic area. Summarized data was also compared to the latest available (2005) National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS) which is currently used by the CDC as one source for national asthma surveillance [2]. A preliminary analysis of BioSense asthma chief complaint data with SatScan was performed as follows: a separate run was performed for each month; the unit of analysis was the facility; a retrospective space-time analysis was done using the Poisson probability model; maximum days per cluster was 1; the adjustment file was used to adjust for differing mean rates of asthma visits among facilities and differing numbers of total visits on individual days within individual facilities.


In this workpiece transfer device (20), a transfer control unit causes an imaging unit (25) to capture an image of a placement area (63) for collection and causes a collector (22) to move to a predetermined position (38) on a workpiece (37) recognized on the basis of the captured image of the placement area (63) for collection. The transfer control unit subsequently uses the collector (22) to attract the predetermined position on the workpiece (37), collect the workpiece (37), and transfer the collected workpiece (37) to a placement area (36) for work.


The present study aims at investigating the relationship between intrinsic/extrinsic motivation and language learning strategyuse among Iranian EFL learners. Motivation is viewed within the framework of Self-determination Theory (SDT), in which intrinsic and extrinsic types of motivation are not antagonistic, and extrinsic motivation is seen along a continuum. To this end, 72 participants filled in two questionnaires on motivation and language learning strategies. The results indicated that intrinsic motivation was significantly related to cognitive and metacognitive strategies. However, extrinsic modes of motivation, namely, identified and external types of motivation were not significantly related to the use of language learning strategies. Yet, integrated mode of extrinsic motivation was negatively associated with memory and affective language learning strategies, and introjected motivation was negatively associated with cognitive strategies. In addition, it turned out that Iranian learners were mainly intrinsically motivated towards learning English language, and used metacognitive strategies more frequently than other types of strategies.


The Bigyeokjincheolloe (bomb shell), a scientific cultural heritage, has outstanding historical value for sustaining a gunpowder weapon of Joseon. In this study, the bomb shell was modeled through three-dimensional (3D) scanning centered on the external shape and γ-ray radiography-based on the internal shape. In particular, to improve the contrast in the radiographic image, optimization and image processing were performed. After these processes, the thickness of the inner wall (2.5 cm on average) and the positions of the three mold chaplets were clearly revealed. For exhibition purposes, the 3D model of the bomb shell was output to a 3D printer and the output was rendered realistic by coloring. In addition, the internal functional elements, such as Mokgok, fuse, mud, gunpowder, and caltrops, were reproduced through handwork. The results will contribute to the study of digital heritages in two ways. First, the internal and external shapes of the bomb shell were modeled by fusing two different technologies, namely, 3D scanning and γ-ray radiography. Second, the internal shape of the bomb shell was constructed from the original form data and the reproduction was utilized for museum exhibitions. The developed modeling approach will greatly expand the scope of museum exhibitions, from those centered on historical content to those centered on scientific content.


The present invention relates to the technical field of medical equipment, and specifically discloses a fully automated sample adding instrument. The fully automated sample adding instrument includes a housing, a frame body, at least one sample processing modules, a sample adding plate, a reaction disk, a reagent disk, a supplies frame, two reagent adding modules and a sample adding module; the sample processing modules, the sample adding plate, the reaction disk, the reagent disk, the supplies frame, the reagent adding modules and the sample adding module are located on the frame body; the housing covers the outside of the frame body, the sample adding plate and the reaction disk are respectively provided with one reagent adding module, the sample adding plate is provided with the sample adding module, and the supplies frame is arranged at one side of the sample adding plate. The fully automated sample adding instrument is simple and compact in structure, and suitable for large-scale fast and effective sample adding.


Background Transferring critically ill patients with COVID-19 is a challenging task; therefore, well-trained medical team is needed. This study aimed to determine the role of in situ simulation training during pandemic by using high-fidelity manikin to improve interprofessional communication, skills and teamwork in transferring critically ill patients with COVID-19. Methods This single-blinded randomised control trial included 40 subjects allocated into standard low-fidelity simulator (LFS) and high-fidelity simulator (HFS) groups. Subjects, who were not members of multiprofessional team taking care of patients with COVID-19, in each group were assigned into small groups and joined an online interactive lecture session, two sessions of in-situ simulation and a debriefing session with strict health protocols. The first simulation aimed to teach participants the skills and steps needed. The second simulation aimed to assess transfer skills, communication and teamwork performance, that participants had learnt using a validated, comprehensive assessment tool. Data were analysed using unpaired t test or Mann-Whitney test. Results The HFS group showed significantly better overall transfer and communication skills than LFS group (89.70±4.65 vs 77.19±3.6, <0.05 and 100 vs 88.34 (63.33–100), p=0.022, respectively). The HFS group also demonstrated significantly better teamwork performance than the standard LFS group (90 (80–900) vs 80 (70–90), p=0.028). Conclusion In situ simulation training using HFS significantly showed better performance than the standard training using LFS in regards to overall transfer and communication skills as well as teamwork performance. The training using HFS may provide a valuable adjunct to improve interprofessional skills, communication and teamwork performance in transferring critically ill patients with COVID-19. Trial registration number NCT05113823.


A finite element program,ABAQUS was used to simulate fracture experiment under three-point bending C30 concrete at ages of 1,2,7,and 28 d.Based on the crack band model,a bilinear strain-softening curve was derived with the parameters determined by curve fitting for the three-point bending tests.Comparison between the simulated P-δ_m curve and experimental results showed good agreement.Meanwhile,comparisons between numerical P-δ_m curves and P-Δ curves for concrete at different ages also showed good agreement.By applying the linear elastic fracture mechanics(LEFM) method,the critical stress intensity factor and critical crack tip opening displacement(δ_t) of concrete were calculated and compared with the test results.It was found that the simulation and experimental results were close to each other.


ABSTRACT‐ In 6 cases of mild botulinum intoxication, conventional EMG and single fibre EMG (SFEMG) were performed on admission to our ward (about 15 days after ingestion of the toxin) and 4, 8 and 14 weeks after admission.


It is shown that some of the known consistent massive spin-one theories have gauge invariance associated with them. They are obtained by Kaluza-Klein reduction of massless spin-one theories from five dimensions. The common features between these theories and consistent spin-(3/2 theories are discussed. The relation between gauge invariance of the theory and causality of propagation is also discussed.


. We present a method for evaluating reduced matrix elements of two particle transfer, one and twa-body operators which are necessary for many applications within the SU(3) scheme. The procedure is applicable for nuclear states with an even number of particles which are coupled at spin zero and belong to the leading SU(3) ireeps. Explicit expressions of the highest-weight states are constructed and a Mathcmatica code is used for evaluating the matrix elements. Se presenta operadores transferencia partículas, y dos cuerpos, que son necesarios en varias aplicaciones dentro esquema SU(3). El procedimiento aplicable estados nucleares un número de partículas, que estén acoplados a espín cero pertenezcan la irrep líder de Se expresiones programa


Underwater noise was measured with two hydrophones and an investigator just inshore Lake Jyvasjarvi, the northernmost part of Lake Paijanne in Finland. Lake Jyvasjarvi is an urban lake with heavy boat and cruising vessel traffic in summer times. By nature this research is multidisciplinary: In addition to the perspective of physical acoustics, the perspectives of acoustic ecology and psychoacoustics were also taken into account. Therefore Finnish divers were asked to describe the nature of underwater sounds and soundscapes. According to the divers, the most common sound in Finnish waters was the noise of motor vessels, i.e. ships and motorboats. Inshore Lake Jyvasjarvi, 50 - 100 meters from the waterway, biggest underwater noise levels during vessel traffic were 120 - 140 dB (linear SPL, re 1 µPa). In the measurements most of the sound energy produced by motorboats was centered to frequencies 1-5 kHz, and the noise of motorboats was described as buzzing or whirring. The sound energy produced by steamers was mainly centered at low frequencies. According to the divers, the noise of motor ships was like rumbling and roaring. Most divers considered the technogenic noise as noxious and often frightful. Some very weak natural sounds made by physical phenomena like waves and raindrops were heard in Finnish waters, too, and the silence was considered as the most pleasing underwater soundscape.