and offers interesting parallels with his treatise on poetry. In its turn, the TraitS, which follows closely the Latin work of Albericus, 'fait la somme des connaissances d'une epoque sur les mythes et leur interpretation' (p. 32) by collating in its fifteen chapters available contemporary knowledge of Saturn, 'le premier des dieux' (p. 61), and fourteen other related poetic myths. Thenaud's medieval and Renaissance characteristics are considered in the introduction (pp. 5-32) which also discusses his biography and the nature, sources, and chronology of the Lignee and Thenaud's o t h o writings, cautiously outlining the problems that continue to challenge students of his works. Inspired largely by medieval commentaries, Thenaud remains a man of the Middle Ages; yet in his role as 'epurateur des gloses medievales' (p. 31), he moves away from his sources and anticipates a new era. His erudition and Christian thought, his emphasis on the divine origins of poetic inspiration, his recognition of the ancients rather than of medieval French poets as exemplary, and his presentation of Platonic philosophy to France further mark him as an early Renaissance humanist. The critical apparatus of this edition includes notes indicating the different stages of the manuscript and possible sources of the text, a glossary, an index of authors cited, an 'index mythopoetique,' and a bibliography of Thenaud's works (including those published, unedited, attributed to the author, lost, or incomplete) and related collateral materials. Students of the early Renaissance and the poetic myth will particularly welcome this edition and look forward to Professor Masters' projected edition of Thenaud's other previously unpublished works.


This article delves into the conventional assumptions regarding the openness (or lack thereof) of China's markets to overseas investors, and critically assesses the merits of the new legal framework for foreign direct investment (FDI). It does so by analyzing three strands of the legal system that affect the flow of overseas capital: merger control, international investment agreements, and national FDI regulation. It focuses, in particular, on the interplay between national and international law, and the traditional presuppositions about China that often infuse Western scholarship. After pointing to the risks of utilizing merger review rules to address the national security concerns of FDI operations, it discusses how China's latest endeavors to expand its shy international commitments have been indefinitely truncated by rising political tensions. In an attempt to foster an investor-friendly atmosphere, a new Foreign Investment Law (FIL) has streamlined the domestic FDI legal framework and removed vital obstacles. The article argues that a combination of unfamiliarity with tacit customary rules and skepticism about the candidness of the improvements could jeopardize the effectiveness of the reform. Relying on a combination of doctrinal research methodology and a "law-in-action" approach, it suggests that the onus of the success of the new rules is on both investors and policymakers, and points to the limitations of resorting to national as opposed to international law in the investment liberalization process.


The vortex melting transition T{sub m} in several untwinned and twinned crystals measured resistively in fields up to 8 Tesla. A Lindemann criterion for vortex lattice melting is obtained in addition to a sharp hysteresis in the magnetoresistance at B{sub m} supporting a first order phase transition. The anisotropy of twin boundary pinning and its reduction of the ``kink`` in {rho}(T) associated with the first order melting transition is discussed in samples with very dilute twin boundaries. We also report on direct suppression of melting transition by intrinsic pinning for H {parallel} ab and by electron-irradiation-induced point defects.


CD4+ T cells reacting to post-translationally modified, citrullinated self-antigens are thought to play a central role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA)1. This is evidenced by a strong HLA class II association, the success of therapeutic co-stimulation blockade and the detection of autoantigen specific T-cells using HLA class II multimers2. These cells may represent a target for antigen-specific, tolerogenic therapies and their in-depth phenotyping may provide the means by which to monitor such treatment.To identify the citrullinated-peptide (cit-peptide) induced cytokine repertoire of antigen-specific memory CD4+ T cells in both healthy controls (HCs) and ACPA positive RA patients using intracellular cytokine staining and flow cytometry. Of note, the HLA-types of both HCs and RA patients were not known.Cryopreserved peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from both HCs (n = 8) and RA patients (n = 13) with both early (untreated) and established disease were thawed and labelled with a proliferation tracking dye (PTD). Labelled PBMC were then either incubated alone or with a pool of cit-peptides for 9-days, followed by a 5-hour restimulation with PMA and ionomycin, where cytokine secretion was blocked for the final 4-hours using brefeldin-A. Cells were then harvested, permeabilised and stained for T cell surface markers and intracellular cytokines including IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-21 and IL-17. Stained cells were immediately acquired using a BD Fortessa X20, where antigen-specific CD4+ T cells were identified as the viable CD45RO+ (memory) CD4+ T cell population that had proliferated (PTDlow) in response to the cit-peptides. Stimulation indices (SI) were calculated as the percentage of proliferated memory CD4+ T cells in the stimulated wells divided by the percentage in the unstimulated conditions, and cit-peptide responders were defined as those with an SI > 2.0. Net cytokine production was measured by subtracting the percentage cytokine production from unstimulated CD4+ CD45RO+ PTDlow cells, from those stimulated with the cit-peptides.Comparable proliferative responses were observed in both donor groups in response to stimulation with the cit-peptide pool, where 37 % of HCs and 31 % of RA patients responded with an SI > 2.0 (Fig. 1A). While little cytokine production was observed in the cit-peptide responding HC T cells, for responding RA donors, cit-peptide responsive CD4+ memory T cells were predominantly IFN-γ and IL-21 producing (Fig. 1B and 1C). In contrast, these donors did not produce significant levels of either IL-17 or IL-4 (Fig. 1D and 1E).Cit-peptides were able to induce proliferation in both HCs and RA memory CD4+ T cells which, amongst the RA donors only, were of a Th1/Tfh subtype. In contrast, and while based only on a small sample, cit-peptides did not induce either IL-17 or IL-4 production in either donor group, suggesting a lack of Th17/Th2 responses. Not all donors responded to the peptide pool, possibly reflecting the limited number of pooled cit-peptides or to a lack of confirmed HLA-DRB1*04:01 positive donors, as peptides were selected for their specificity on this basis. Future work will therefore include HLA-typing, as well as the inclusion of additional citrullinated-epitopes to demonstrate autoreactivity in a wider cross-section of patients. Further phenotyping of the cit-peptide specific T cells will be performed, and future plans will be to study the assay data alongside clinical outcomes to assess its value for immune monitoring.[1]Malmström, V et al Nat Rev Immunol. 2017; 17(1):60-75.[2]Gerstner, C et al BMC Immunol. 2020; 21(27):1-14.Jessica Swift: None declared, James Stanway: None declared, Ioana Nicorescu: None declared, Catharien Hilkens: None declared, Frederik Stevenaert Employee of: Janssen, Amy Anderson Grant/research support from: Pfizer, GSK and Janssen, Arthur Pratt Grant/research support from: Pfizer, GSK and Janssen, John D Isaacs Speakers bureau: Abbvie, Gilead, Roche, UC, Consultant of: Abbvie, Gilead, Roche, UC, Grant/research support from: Pfizer, GSK and JanssenFigure 1.Citrullinated-peptide specific memory CD4+ T cell proliferation (A) and net % cytokine production of IFN-γ (B), IL-21 (C), IL-17 (D) and IL-4 (E) positive cells.


Abstract The current research is focused on the identification of cargo containers in a stack from their images in the infrared and visible spectra, in order to locate the container-origin of ignition within the cargo temperature control and fire safety system. The relevance of the topic is reinforced by the functional requirements for shipboard safety, which are embodied in Chapter II-2 of the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) Convention, and demanded by the necessity of enhancing safety measures during cargo transportation by the world container fleet. The thermal imager's field of view (FOV) and the coordinate dependencies between the object and its image have been studied and modelled, and an algorithm for fire detection has been defined within the scope of the current research in connection with the containers within the camera's FOV. A corresponding verification has been carried out by means of simulation modelling using the Unity and C# programming language capabilities.


A collection = {G1, G2,…,Gn} of spanning subgraphs of Kn is called an orthogonal double cover if (i) every edge of Kn belongs to exactly two of the Gi's and (ii) any two distinct Gi's intersect in exactly one edge. Chung and West conjectured that there exists an orthogonal double cover of Kn, for all n, in which each Gi has maximum degree 2, and proved this result for n in six of the residue classes modulo 12. In another context, Ganter and Gronau showed that for n ≡ 1 mod 3, n ≠ 10, there exists an orthogonal double cover of Kn in which each Gi consists of an isolated vertex and the vertex disjoint union of K3's (actually these orthogonal double covers result from the solution of the directed version of the problem, which reduces to the undirected case when the orientation of the arcs is ignored). Clearly the covers of Ganter and Gronau satisfy the Chung-West requirement. In this article, the configurations of Ganter and Gronau are generalized to include the cases n ≡ 0,2 mod 3, and the results are used to provide a unified solution of the Chung-West problem. For n ≠ 5 mod 6, all the spanning subgraphs in the collection are isomorphic to each other; however, this is not the case when n ≡ 5 mod 6. In addition to solving the Chung-West problem, we also go on to show that for n ≡ 2 mod 3 and n > 287, there exists an orthogonal double cover of Kn in which each spanning subgraph Gi consists of the vertex-disjoint union of an isolated vertex, and quadrilateral, and (n−5)/3 triangles. Of the 96 cases with 2 ⩽ n ⩽ 287, 65 cases are resolved and 31 remain open. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


Disagreement has been expressed between scholars over the existence of poetic sub-units in Prov. 10.1—22.16 and 25.1—29.27. Some claim that there is evidence of poetic units in these chapters that go beyond the couplet, while others deny this, saying that most of the proverbs in these chapters are limited to the typical proverbial form, which is the two-line saying. Proponents of the latter view would not see any larger development beyond the poetic couplets in these two sections of Proverbs. This article proposes the identification of a small poem in Prov. 28.1-11, and also attempts to answer some of the objections posed by those who are skeptical of the existence of poetic units such as the one suggested here.


In the framework of the Network of Excellence META-NET, a White Paper series has been created to chart the status of Language Technologies for 30 European languages. The exhaustive analysis reports on the state of a language including social and technological aspects and statistics about the availability of Language Resources and Tools. The White Papers are addressed to politicians, journalist and decision makers. In this paper, we show a comparative study of the findings on Language Technologies and Tools for the four ocial languages spoken in Spain.


In this paper the optimality of the encoding by relaxing the constraint of identical threshold values for each neuron and determining the optimal encoding for a range of SNR's is presented. The population of neurons can be considered a semicontinuous information channel. Using Fisher information that the value of SNR at which bifurcation occurs asymptotically approaches a fixed value of SNR. This result indicates that in the presence of low SNR's, populations of neurons may be able to effectively encode information in a manner similar to a flash analog to digital converter, despite possessing identical thresholds.


'Todo Ano' bunching onion was studied and cultivated in soil without and with covering of semi-decomposed chicken manure in doses of 0 and 10 t ha -1 with 0, 1 and 2 hillings, with two harvest dates. The treatments were arranged in a 2 x 3 factorial scheme, in an experimental randomized blocks design, with five replications. Plants were harvested 64 days after planting and 40 days after the last cut (104 days after planting). The tallest (38.1 cm) and the shortest (27.2 cm) plant heights were obtained using treatments with and without covering of chicken manure and one hilling, respectively. The widest diameter of the tiller neck was 5.92 mm at 64 days after planting in with chicken manure treatments and without hilling and the smallest was 4.56 mm at 104 days after planting, in without chicken manure treatment with one hilling. The greatest yield of fresh mass was on the second harvest, in relation to the first, regardless of the studied factors. The best total income was with chicken manure treatment and with two hillings (R$ 23,511.00) because it induced a gain of R$ 2,611.00 in relation to those with one hilling, which was the worst in with chicken manure treatments, and of
R$ 13,619.00 in relation to without chicken manure treatment and without hillings which induced the greatest gain in without chicken manure treatments.


The objective of this article is to analyze the factors that are important for implementing meaningful gamification in a for-profit organization. The author uses a systematic literature review method to explore gamification outcomes' relevance to corporate culture. The application of gamification has demonstrated a significant positive effect on several key areas, including the enhancement of motivation, the improvement of knowledge retention, and an increase in general enjoyment. Many studies have reported that gamification has positively affected employees or customers, improving their knowledge, attitudes, and loyalty to a brand. Company culture is an important differentiator in a competitive environment, and there are correlations between Company culture values and gamification motivation affordance.


VIP-READY: A Mobile Leisure Search Engine for Visually Impaired Persons Utilizing Gesture and Speech Recognition was developed to help the visually impaired. It is a navigation mobile application with speech recognition technology that is conceptualized and designed to assist visually impaired person on locating leisure and place they want to go to. One of the main purposes of this project is to address the needs of giving a fair access to the world to any kind of person with disability. The research was designed and accomplished through different scientific processes and techniques. Through the help of MFCC and HMM an accent friendly speech recognition was developed. This paper found out that this kind of application can promote mobility in navigation for different kind of visually impaired person. Nevertheless, the instinct of totally blind person is still needed for a better navigation. The researchers would like to give stressed that researches that can help any kind of person with disability must be promoted and considered by many researchers.


In Autumn,2008,Prunus ansu and Prunus davidiana have been planted artificially by direct seeding in arid sunny slope in mountainous area and hilly area in Hohhot,Helingeer County and Qingshuihe County in Inner Mongolia.Rodent pest has been controlled before and after seeding with rodent density decreased by 85.3% to 87.5%.Measures of keeping seedling from drought have been adopted in direct seeding afforestation from soil preparation to tending management,with average emergence rate at 90% and average preserving rate at 85%.This kind of matching technology of direct seeding can be used in artificial afforestation in barren hills and hilly in semi-arid area.


ABSTRACT This study examined Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O157, using phage typing, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, and typing of Shiga toxin variant genes by PCR with restriction fragment length polymorphism in an epidemiological survey of STEC O157 isolated from humans in Finland between 1990 and 1999.


Objective To construct a recombinant adenovirus vector of rat calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP)by AdMaxTMsystem,package recombinant adenovirus particles and identify it.Methods According to the information(NM_001033956.1)of gene order of rat CGRP from Genbank,compose the whole length of CGRP.PCR technique amplify target gene.The full-length of CGRP/Hiss gene cDNA was cloned into the shuttle plasmid-pDC316,therefore the recombinant plasmid pDC316-CGRP/His was formed.Choose the right plasmid by sequencing and let it co-transfect 293A cells with the skeleton plasmid-pBHGloxdelE13cre.Package recombinant adenovirus particles and identify it by PCR technique and Western blot technique.Results (1)Successfully constuct recombinant plasmid pDC316-rCGRP/His.(2)Recombinant adenovirus which express rCGRP/His was packaged.Conclusions We construted a recombinant adenovirus vector which concludes the full-length of CGRP gene cDNA successfully and got recombinant adenovirus which express rCGRP/His.The results may provide a sound foundation for further study of CGRP and the research of related gene therapy in both laboratory and clinical trials.


Gestamp HardTech develops and produces press-hardened safety components in boron steel for the passenger car industry. During door slam testing performed by a car manufacturer, the front door is op ...


Imperialism implies political, cultural, economical and narrative dominance of one nation over the other(s). It bases on the removal of the rights of economic, political and legal presence of one nation. But, as it is in many other notion there is a broad confusion in the usage of imperialism as a tool of analysis. Since there is not a common shared description of imperialism there is a disruption of the meaning of it. In addition to this general confusion, there are some special problems in the imperialism literature in Turkish. These problems source from the shallow, conjectural and random usage of the term. In this article imperialism literature in Turkish is evaluated generally and the literature after 2000 is focused specially.


The California Current System (CCS) is a highly productive marine ecosystem spanning from the Baja California peninsula northward to the Fraser River. The CCS is characterized by wind-driven upwelling which brings cold nutrient-rich water to the surface where it catalyzes primary productivity. Forage fish, like the Northern anchovy ( Engraulis mordax ) consume primary and secondary producers (phytoplankton and zooplankton) and serve as critical energy conduits to upper trophic level organisms (marine mammals, seabirds, other fish species). Despite playing an important role, Northern anchovy population structure is understudied. Monterey Bay is centrally located in the CCS and known for hosting a productive and diverse ecosystem. Northern anchovies have been collected weekly in the bay since August 2021. This effort is part of a larger project to generate a unique database with high temporal resolution to investigate seasonal variability of Northern anchovy in the central CCS. In this study, sagittal otoliths were used to age the anchovy, similar to tree rings. This study aims to answer the following questions: 1) Is there a seasonal pattern for anchovy ages in the bay?, 2) Can we determine relative growth rates based on otolith ring width? and 3) Is there a relationship between upwelling seasonality and anchovy age structure in the bay? This study will contribute to understanding how seasonal variability in productivity affects forage species' population structure as well as trophic relationships in marine ecosystems.


It seems appropriate to consider these four books as a group, even though R. O. Whyte's volume covers the wider canvas of Monsoon Asia. Dr. Whyte places scholars of Asia and of development problems further in his debt. His book is a very wide survey indeed, written from the viewpoint of human ecology as seen in the biological, agronomic, stock rearing and feeding, and nutritional aspects; the author is very conscious of the overlap with the social sciences, including human geography, and tackles the literature bravely. His human ecology is closer to that of a traditional human geographer than to one influenced by the sociologist's use of the term in relation to urban areas. He treats in turn the ecology for rural nutrition, the social and economic environment, nutrition and malnutrition, national and international activities (including a section on surveys, policies and programmes as well as case studies of India and of China), and he concludes with a discussion of Man and the Asian environment. The overwhelming impact of the book as a whole is of a massive compilation, at best a massive synthesis. The sources used are not strongly geographi? cal, except in relation to climate, for example, and at times even his powers of assimilating the rich diet fed to him by an efficient abstracting and indexing system seem to be overloaded; the early chapters in particular appeared to this reviewer to be of great value as reference material rather than well-digested accounts. While the treatment of nutrition has been criticized in more technical reviews, it taught the reviewer much, and the discussion of international aid and the like is critical, realistic and occasionally bitter. The discussion of India and China is, like so many comparisons of the two great Asian neighbours, handicapped by lack of adequate data from China. It is warmer about India's nutritional children's charter of 1969, and a little cooler about China's situation than are some comparisons. The concluding chapter is grave and realistic, on constraints on the biologically feasible maximum production of foods in Asia, and on developing and developed nations and their relationships. Lastly, a very important appendix tabulates data, sometimes quantitative, about 140 case studies of regional diets, placed in the context of a very broad map of ethnodietary zones, with a short text. Piers Blaikie's book on family planning in India is an important landmark for the geography of diffusion, as well as for scholars of South Asia and of the process and problems of development. It is based on intensive and obviously extremely arduous field work by Dr. and Mrs. Blaikie, mainly in Purnea District in Uttar Pradesh, including tracts with very poor communications near the Nepal border. Blaikie notes the aims of the study?to make a locational analysis of family planning in the


The article contais numerical analytical solution of the contact problem with termal creep of main material, based on the limited precision of machine arithmetic and practical significance of the result. A solution of the 2nd kind Volterra integral equation, which is the main task of resolving equations is made by replacing the integrand function and the introduction of "conditional indefinitely". The article contais analysis of the behavior of the function with all changes.


The weed control effect of glufosinate in direct seeding field of transgenic herbicide resistant early hybrid rice Zhu 1S / Bar68- 1 was studied with conventional herbicide as control. The results indicated that the plant type of hybrid rice was not obviously affected,but the stems of weed were decreased by 85. 3%,the grain yield loss was decreased by33. 1% and the weeding cost was decreased by 37. 5% in treatment of spraying glufosinate once compared to control. The key techniques of weed control by glufosinate on direct seeding rice included that the dosage of glufosinate was 432 ~ 576 g( a. i.) /hm2and the glufosinate should be sprayed close to rice canopy at the end of tillering stage.


Barium vapour lasers (BVLs) are an efficient (~0.5%), high average power (10-15 W) and high pulse rate (~10 kHz) source operating on a variety of near and mid IR wavelengths (1.13, 1.50, 2.55, and 4.72 microns), with applications including scanning ranging, remote gas detection, and optical fibre testing. The BVL is also an amenable system for studying kinetics of metal vapour lasers, as the atom and ion ground states have visible upward transitions suitable for hook spectroscopy. To date, there has been relatively little work on ground state kinetic issues and the factors influencing prepulse ground state density in metal vapour laser (MVL) systems in general are not fully understood. Previous reports1,2,3 indicate that the observed prepulse metal atom density across the tube bore is well below that expected from thermal considerations. We have studied the factors influencing the pre-pulse ground state density for a BVL operating with both helium and neon buffer gases.


The aim of this study was to investigate outcomes of child psychiatric outpatient treatment as usual and to identify outcome predictors, with special regard to attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), mood disorder, obsessive‐compulsive disorder and conduct disorder.


We show that any loop-free Markov chain on a discrete space can be viewed as a determinantal point process. As an application, we prove central limit theorems for the number of particles in a window for renewal processes and Markov renewal processes with Bernoulli noise.


Abstract The performance of the three-dimensional orthogonal woven composites (3DOWC) under high-velocity impact is studied in a combined experimental and numerical way. The experimental impact velocity ranges from 155 to 1499 m/s. The impact processes are also simulated with mesoscopic point model and the material point method (MPM). The experimental and numerical results agree well in both the residual velocity and the configuration. Four failure patterns are observed for the perforated specimens. An empirical formula is constructed based on the experimental and numerical results.


Telegram from Philip Young, Dean of the School of Business at Columbia University, to Mr. and Mrs. Amon Carter inviting them to the installation ceremonies of Dwight D. Eisenhower as president of Columbia.


passport to the Kingdom. The other Old Testament passage is Zech. ix, 9: "Thy king cometh unto thee ... meek, and riding upon an ass." The exact significance of "meek" is not clear, for the passage is based on the prediction of Gen. xlix, I 1. There are several occurrences in Ecclesiasticus: i, 27; iii, 17; iv, 8; x, 28; and xlv, 4. The last refers to Moses, who "sanctified his soul in faithfulness and meekness" (cf. Num. xii, 3)· In the New Testament we have Matt. xi, 29: "I am meek and lowly of heart." Absence of self-assertion is compatible with personal dignity, but on the lips of Jesus the sense must be theological, of His attitude towards the Father. Matt. xxi, 5 is a quotation of Zech. ix, 9. The remaining passage is 2 Cor. x, I: "I beseech you bythe meekness and gentleness of Christ," which seems to point to a knowledge, on the part of writer and readers, of Matt. xi, 29. The "meek," therefore, in the Bible, is one who humbly commits his cause to God, knowing that vindication is certain, and meanwhile bears undeserved adversity patiently. W. K. LOWTHER CLARKE.


Increased demand for wireless services has spurred research into spectrum co-existence between radar and communication systems. The effect of an unaltered radar interference on an uncoded communication receiver has been investigated for constellations used in commercial systems. However, the constellation design — possible for a cognitive transmitter-receiver pair — that maximizes the transmission rate for communication systems affected by Gaussian noise and radar interference has not yet been addressed and is tackled here. Two regimes are investigated: when the Interference-to-Noise Ratio (INR) of the radar signal is very low and very high compared to the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) of the communication signal. It is found that: (a) When INR≪SNR, the channel behaves as a complex-valued AWGN channel; the designed constellations exhibit a concentric (almost equilateral) hexagonal structure as the number of signal points increases, (b) When INR≫SNR≫1, the channel behaves as a real-valued phase-fading AWGN channel; the designed constellations are shaped as an (almost equally-spaced) pulse-amplitude modulation as the number of signal points increases, and (c) The designed constellations outperform practically-used ones in terms of the transmission rate.


: The classification with imbalanced class proportions is a particularly difficult problem. We investigate the classification of imbalanced data sets with random forests method, which is one of the state-of-the-art classifiers. To this aim we created a semi-artificial data generation engine which for a supplied real world data set estimates its joint probability distribution with an RBF network and generates new data from this distribution at any proportion of imbalance required. This engine allowed us to systematically and consistently vary level of imbalance for approximations of several real world data sets and to study the parameters of the learning algorithms which influence the classification performance. The results show that consistently across different data sets and imbalance levels, there are notable trends in settings of the stopping criterion and the level of smoothing for an improved performance. These findings are confirmed on large UCI data sets, where imbalance can be observed naturally without modeling. Abstract The classification with imbalanced class proportions is a particularly difficult problem. We investigate the classification of imbalanced data sets with random forests method, which is one of the state-of-the-art classifiers. To this aim we created a semi-artificial data generation engine which for a supplied real world data set estimates its joint probability distribution with an RBF network and generates new data from this distribution at any proportion of imbalance required. This engine allowed us to systematically and consistently vary level of imbalance for approximations of several real world data sets and to study the parameters of the learning algorithms which influence the classification performance. The results show that consistently across different data sets and imbalance levels, there are notable trends in settings of the stopping criterion and the level of smoothing for an improved performance. These findings are confirmed on large UCI data sets, where imbalance can be observed naturally without modeling.


The breakdown strength of polymer nanocomposite is related to the properties of nano-additive,such as doping concentration,particle size and surface treatment.Specimen with different doping concentration,particle size and particle surface treatment were made to test the breakdown strength under AC,positive DC and negative DC voltage,respectively.It is shown that in the context of this study,doping nano-SiO2 can increase the breakdown strength of low density polyethylene(LDPE);and the breakdown strength of nano-SiO2/LDPE composite increases with the increasing of doping concentration.Under the same doping concentration,when particle size is between 12 nm and 16 nm,the breakdown strength of nanocomposite decreases with the increasing of particle size.When particle size is 7 nm,the breakdown strength is smaller than that of the bigger particle size,which is probably caused by the coalescence of 7nm nano-SiO2 particles.Besides,hydrophobic surface treatment of nano-SiO2 particles can enhance the breakdown strength of nanocomposite.


A 37-year-old woman gravida 5, parity 0þ4 presented for antenatal care at 12 weeks' gestation. She had been on aspirin and folic acid before conception. Routine assessments were normal. She had a body mass index (BMI) of 25, was a nonsmoker and had blood group Aþ with no atypical antibodies. She had a history of three consecutive first trimester miscarriages which were investigated. No cause was found. She had an operation to correct a retroverted uterus. She then had medical management of a missed abortion at 20 weeks' gestation. The fetus had showed growth equivalent to that of 16 weeks at 20 weeks' gestation. She had a family history of deep vein thrombosis, small strokes, hypertension and pre-eclampsia all in her first degree relatives. In this index pregnancy, she had declined chorionic villous sampling and amniocentesis. She had intermittent bleeding in early pregnancy, which increased in severity with gestation. It was found to have been caused by a large polypoidal cervical fibroid, which later regressed before a planned polypectomy at 28 weeks' gestation. Anomaly scans were normal. At 24 weeks, her blood pressure (BP) was normal but on Doppler ultrasound, she had bilateral uterine artery notching and a fortnightly ultrasound scan for fetal growth assessment and monitoring was thus recommended. At 26 weeks, there was persistence of the notching of right uterine artery but the left artery was normal. At 28 weeks of pregnancy, the diastolic BP was raised to 90 mmHg but biochemical profile and urinalysis were normal. Additional management included twice weekly BP measurement and weekly Doppler studies, and she was given 2 doses of betamethasone 12 h apart. At 31 weeks, she had a persistently raised diastolic BP of above 90 mmHg and mild proteinuria. At 32 weeks, she developed a puffy face, swollen hands and feet, diffuse headaches, persistently raised diastolic BP above 90 mmHg and moderate proteinuria. Doppler studies showed end diastolic flow and liquor volume was normal. She was further investigated by 24-h urine collection for protein and creatinine clearance, and 24-h ambulatory BP monitoring. The 24-h urine protein was 1.15 g/day and the urine albumin/creatinine ratio was 3.2 mg/mmol. Antihypertensive medications were withheld pending the decision to deliver the baby, as they might lower the BP and aggravate the sympathetic overactivity already present and thus further compromised the fetus. At 33 weeks, the diastolic BP remained above 110 mmHg with increasing headaches, increasing urate levels, proteinuria (3þ) and haematuria (3þ) with sonographic evidence of fetal compromise. The estimated fetal weight at increasing gestational age (in weeks) was: 544 g at 24; 710 g at 26; 910 g at 28; 1,274 g at 30 and 1,427 g at 32. The gestation-specific urate levels (in mmmol/l) with increasing gestation/postnatal period were: 440 at 32þ 2; 441 at 32þ 5; 417 at 33þ 0; 439 at 33þ3 and 462 at 33þ 4. At 33þ 4, a decision was made to deliver her by emergency caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia with paediatricians in attendance. She delivered a live baby girl with Apgar scores of 8 at 1 min and 10 at 5 min, weighing 1,470 g. The cord PH was 7.35 (artery) and 7.38 (vein). The placenta weighed 542 g. Macroscopically, the placenta showed large cysts on the fetal surface, some measuring up to 664 cm, and containing yellowish fluid. There were extensive whitish areas suggesting old organised infarcts, some old and some new retroplacental clots with some areas of abruption. There were areas of irregular and diffuse thickening on the maternal surface. Histology of the placenta was reported as: a thickened placenta and membranes. This was a third trimester placenta with decidual necrosis, perivillous fibrin deposition in 40% of the placental volume with some focal oedema. Breus' mole was present indicating sub-chorionic haemorrhage which had not severely affected the placental blood supply. Her baby was transferred to the neonatal unit where she made satisfactory progress. The mother was transferred to the high dependency unit on fluid restriction at 85 ml/h, subcutaneous enoxaparin and intravenous oxytocin prophylaxis. On postoperative day 2, the diastolic BP was persistently high at 105 mmHg and oral nifedipine was started and on day 3, this was replaced by oral labetalol 200 mg twice daily, as nifedipine did not control the blood pressure. The postoperative period was uneventful and she was discharged on the postoperative day 5, with follow-up appointments and arrangement of regular monitoring by the community midwife at her home.


Esophageal involvement in tuberculosis is rare even in highly endemic areas for tuberculosis and is most often secondary to concomitant mediastinal lymph node infection. Endoscopy and imaging are essential for diagnosis. Conservative treatment is possible but the major risk is mediastinitis secondary to an eso-mediastinal fistula.


The effect of electrode patterns on the actuator performance of electro-active paper (EAPap) is studied. A rectangular electrode pattern has been typically used for EAPap actuator. Since the electrical field can be concentrated at the edge of electrodes, the electrode patterns of EAPap can influence the actuator performance. Thus, a fishbone pattern electrode was designed and fabricated on EAPap materials and its actuation characteristics were compared with the rectangular electrode ones. Two EAPap materials, DCell, which is made by dissolving cellulose pulp with N,N-Dimethylacetamide and LiCl followed by curing process, and cellophane were used. Bending displacements and the resonance frequencies of EAPap actuators were investigated. Although the bending displacements of the fishbone patterned EAPap actuators were slightly lower than the rectangular patterned actuators, the resonance frequencies of the fishbone patterned actuators were higher than the rectangular patterned actuators. Electrical field concentration around the edge of fishbone pattern electrode might result in increased bending stiffness of the actuator and electrical power consumption. Electrical power consumption and electrode damage of the fishbone pattern electrode were addressed.


Identifying conservation priorities is crucial in the modern world, and biodiversity hotspots have been vital instruments in better defining the main areas requiring conservation. This paper analyzes distribution patterns of threatened Soricomorpha genera and species to eval- uate whether the current biodiversity hotspots network really covers these taxa. We also analyze the Soricomorpha species that are endemic to islands worldwide in order to define the main islands in terms of both endemic species richness and threatened species richness. At the genus level, all threatened taxa are represented within hotspots, whereas 18% of the threatened species (particularly in the Afrotropics) do not occur in any biodiversity hotspot. Approximately 35% of island endemic species are threatened, particularly in the Oriental region. Most of the threatened endemics are found within forest habitats. Both mainland (Cameroon and Congo) and island (par- ticularly Andamans, Sri Lanka, Bioko) forest ecosystems deserve the particular attention of con- servation organizations. In addition, basic research on the ecology, taxonomy, and distribution of threatened Soricomorpha species (particularly in the tropical regions) is urgently needed.


Transparent oxide semiconductor (TOS) thin films made of ZnO nanocomposites, which are used as transparent electrodes in optoelectronic devices, have been widely reported. Among the TOSs, the thin films of a homologous compound, with a so-called superlattice structure have attracted considerable interest. Because of the spatial confinement of conductive electrons in the two dimensional layer, their interesting electronic, optical, and magnetic properties, along with small size and chemical reactivity, have led to a wide range of applications in nano-optoelectronics, medical diagnostics, catalysis, and chemical sensing. In this paper, the nonlinear optical properties of metal nanocomposites were investigated. Heat treatment has been proven to be a feasible way to improve the performance of ultrafast response for this kind of materials. Based on the experimental results of Al-doped ZnO materials excited by intense fs pulses near 800 nm, nonlinear optical effects that may emerge under an intense field are attributed to be responsible for the efficient two-photon absorption process under detuned excitation.


The utility model provides an LED control circuit and an LED illuminating device. The LED control circuit comprises a power factor correction module, which can be used to receive an input voltage and a reference voltage, and can be used to output an output voltage, which is acquired by correcting the input voltage according to the reference voltage; a first detection module, which can be used to receive the output voltage, and can be used to output a first detection signal; a light modulation module, which can be used to receive the first detection signal, and can be used to output a light modulation signal according to the first detection signal; a driving module, which can be used to receive the light modulation signal and the output voltage, and can be used to output a driving signal to the LED. The LED control circuit is compatible with the conventional light modulators and the conventional electronic transformers, and can be used to maintain the uniform illuminating of the LED in a very wide light modulation range.


Although many types of treatment have been proposed and clinically proven, additional therapeutic approaches are needed becau se many patients do not satisfactory respond to the currently av ailable options or shows significant side effects due to their prolonged use. Therefore there is need to develop safe and effective alternative therapeutic agents for treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease ( IBD ) . Plants have played a significant role in m aintaining human health and improving the quality of human life for thousands of years and have served humans well as valuable components of medicine s, seasonings, beverages, cosmetics and dyes. Herbal medicine is based on the premise that plants contain n atural substances that can promote health a nd alleviate illness . The future of higher plants as sources of medicinal agents for use in investigation, prevention, and treatment of diseases is also very pro mising as they do not produce any significant harm t o the living beings. Thus the review aimed to securitize herbal drugs effective in the management of IBD.


Live line maintenance has been performed with great success by Eskom Transmission (South Africa) over the last 20 years. An aerial live line maintenance capability was established 10 years ago. Techniques, tools and procedures have been developed to maintain the South African transmission network, which is unique in many ways, to a level that meets the expectations of customers as far as quality, availability and reliability of supply is concerned. Challenges have been met with innovative tool, transportation and technique design and development.


This paper discusses interactive application model for tourism publication and creative industry in West Sumatra. Development of this application model is based on interactive digital map with integration of regencies and cities in West Sumatra province. The information which is included in this application consists of texts, photos, and videos. There are three methods which can be used to navigate certain objects, e.g., through navigation of regency areas, navigation of collective objects, and navigation of certain suggested locations. By using this developed model, navigating process for tourism and creative industrial locations is faster because it only requires 2-3 navigation phases.


This article discusses multicultural competency education options for early career rehabilitation counsellor supervisors. It specifically addresses the importance of the cultural awareness and competencies in supervised supervision. Multicultural counsellor competencies in clinical supervision are considered in the context of rehabilitation counsellor professional preparation programs in the United States. Diversity considerations are important to operationalising the construct of the working alliance in the context of clinical supervision training for early career rehabilitation counsellor supervisors. Acquiring, retaining and cultivating multicultural clinical supervision competencies in self and others is a lifelong process.


Abstract A diastereoselective synthesis of highly substituted succinimide derivatives with chromone and carboxylic ester functionalities from 3-formylchromones, Meldrum's acid, and alkyl isocyanides in the presence of alcohols in moderate to good yields is described.


A case of Churg-Strauss syndrome in 18-year-old patient with bronchial asthma, peripheral eosinophilia, pulmonary infiltration and gastrointestinal tract involvement is reported in this article.


In order to improve the coverage of wireless sensor networks in the environment of water quality monitoring, the paper proposes a distributed algorithm which is based on diamond-shaped virtual force. In this algorithm, the differences between measurements and current calculated distances are modeled into forces, dragging the nodes close to their actual positions. Based on the diamond method, the algorithm can determine the predefined threshold of virtual force and optimize the global distribution. Compared with the simulation of existing algorithms, it is proved to have superior performance.


Specifying the Canadian: Four Books on Hockey A Great Game: The Forgotten Leafs and the Rise of Professional Hockey. By Stephen J. Harper. Toronto: Simon and Schuster, 2013. 368 pp. $34.99 (hardcover) ISBN 978-1-4767-1653-4. $22.00 (paper) ISBN 978-1-4767-1654-1.Hockey, PQ: Canada's Game in Quebec's Popular Culture. By Amy J. Ransom. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2014. 265 pp. $70.00 (cloth) ISBN 978-1-4426-4813-5. $29.95 (paper) ISBN 978-1-4426-1619-6. $29.95 (ebook, EPUB format) ISBN 978-1-4426-7002-0.Refereeing Identity: The Cultural Work of Canadian Hockey Novels. By Michael Buma. Kingston: McGill-Queen's University Press, 2012. 324 pp. $95.00 (cloth) ISBN 978-0-7735-3987-7. $29.95 (paper) ISBN 978-0-7735-3988-4.Stickhandling through the Margins: First Nations Hockey in Canada. By Michael Robidoux. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2012. 176 pp. $21.95 (paper) ISBN 978-1-4426-1338-6. $14.95 (ebook, EPUB format) ISBN 978-1-4426-6214-8.The idea that a sport like hockey might "explain Canada" is one that might inspire instinctive resistance, but in an era of discredited metanarratives we should come to accept that topics of broad national resonance, no matter what the topic, may have the power to explain the essential features of Canadian society. Certainly, writers have acknowledged this. Al Purdy famously referred to hockey as "the Canadian specific" (Purdy 1986, 55), and others have invariably pointed out that stories about hockey carry a national narrative-of northernness, of our social values, and of Canada's collective nature (Harrison and Dopp 2009). It is, however, only in the last decade that scholars have begun to bring critical attention to these notions, and in the new millennium a subfield that Andrew Holman (2009, 7) has called "hockey studies" has begun to flourish.Seminal works such as Richard Gruneau and David Whitson's Hockey Night in Canada: Sports, Identities, and Cultural Politics (1993) look more critically at the meaning and implications of Canada's national game.1 Proponents of the subfield have followed their lead through a series of interdisciplinary conferences on hockey held more or less biannually since 2001. The first was convened by Colin Howell at St. Mary's University in Halifax, and resulted in two conference volumes (Howell 2002) that showed the variety of work being done on hockey, from the climate of indoor rinks to the perennial question of the origins of the game. Subsequent gatherings in Fredericton, Plymouth, Victoria, and Buffalo have allowed a vibrant community of hockey scholars to emerge, and several more publications that pushed forward critical analysis, including a special issue of Sport History Review (Holman 2006) and edited collections by Whitson and Gruneau (2006), Richard Harrison and Jamie Dopp (2009), and Andrew Holman (2009).2 Many of the same scholars have contributed to other important, more focussed collections, including those examining the national spread of hockey (Wong 2009), the cultural place of the Montreal Canadiens (Laurin-Lamothe and Moreau 2011), and of course, the 1972 Summit Series (Kennedy 2014).The last half-decade has also produced several substantial individual works that address the major concerns of hockey scholars (primarily the meaning of the game in the Canadian context) and approach the questions in a variety of ways. In this essay, I consider four books that to various degrees make compelling claims about how the study of hockey and its motivating myths illumine the interactions of major themes of Canadian society in the modern age-colonialism, national identity, ethnicity, gender, and capitalism.It must be said that studying hockey has a few perks, and to generate Refereeing Identity: The Cultural Work of Canadian Hockey Novels (2012), Michael Buma had the enviable task of reading dozens of Canadian hockey novels and placing them in the context of Canadian literary criticism. His work followed swiftly on the heels of Jason Blake's Canadian Hockey Literature (2010), which surveyed more broadly hockey fiction, poetry, and drama. …


In the current social background, Existing facilities and tools already can not meet the needs of big data in expanding and analysis techniques. Today's data storage and analysis work is achieved under cloud conditions and Hadoop were set up. Under the conditions for cloud computing, cloud computing applications who have remote data files were not authorized to read its contents, which results in unauthorized manipulation, and it will produce a lot of security risks for large data. In this paper, according to the cloud of different modes, Hadoop different stages of the operation, subject to the threat of non- confidence and security to steal big data generated to analyze a variety of privacy, with threat model as an example, it explores ways to address security threats.


This research concerned on The Effect of Using What-Why-How Chart on Students' Achievement in Writing Analytical Exposition. This study used the experimental design. The population of the study was the students of SMA Negeri 1 Gebang. There were sixty four students from two classes as the sample of the research. This study was conducted with two groups namely experimental and control group. The experimental group was taught by applying What-Why-How Chart while control group was taught by using writing method. The instrument of collecting data was writing test which only consist of one item. The calculation shows that t-observed (9.010) is higher than t-table (2.000) at the level of significance (I±) 0.05 with the degree of freedom (df) 62. Therefore, the null hypothesis is rejected and alternative hypothesis is accepted. It means that teaching writing by using What-Why-How Chart has more significant effects than without using What-Why-How Chart.


This paper investigates the influence of moonlighting practices on self-efficacy and job performance of female academics in selected public universities.327 female academics were selected using the stratified random sampling technique. 225(68.8%) were engaged in multiple job holdings (moonlighting) with part-time income of about (75.7%) of their principal income. The possible influence of three dynamics of self-efficacy: personal, behaviour and environment; on principal job performance was investigated. Dual dynamics of behaviour (p<0.001, β=0.290) and environment (p<0.001, β=0.213) had considerable effect on principal job performance. Moonlighting or multiple job holdings restrained the correlation between the behaviour dynamic and job performance (p<0.05, β=0. 0.4134, [LLCI=0.0738, ULCI=0.7563]). Behaviour serves as the central dynamic of self-efficacy, and affects job performance of female academics of public sector universities in South West Nigeria. Moonlighting has the prospect of being extensively connected to conviction of personal potential and proficiency (the behaviour dynamic) and principal job performance. Where female academics are self-assured that they are capable of executing positive behaviours, the tendency becomes higher for them to exhibit this behaviour providing the depiction offers results in the required upshot. Effective human resource management obligates devising, executing and scrutinizing with the total involvement of academics: efficient, proficient and jointly supporting working condition as well as perceptive policies and programmes, plus development policies and programmes that will promote the empowerment and advancement of female academics within the institution where they work while simultaneously preparing additional hands for the universities to have adequate lecturers so as to regulate lecturers' moonlighting.


Background and aim: It is reported that NF-κB is activated by chemotherapy in some cancer cell lines and NF-κB activation is one of the mechanisms by which tumors are induced to become resistant to chemotherapy. We reported that heat-treatment-induced heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) could inhibit I-kappa-B kinase, resulting in the inhibition of NF-κB activation. Therefore, we speculated that activated NF-κB in a pancreatic cell line might be inhibited by heat treatment, resulting in the enhancement of gemcitabine-induced cytotoxicity. Methods: We used the human pancreatic carcinoma cell lines AsPC-1 and MIAPaCa-2. Both cell lines were treated with various concentrations (0, 5, 10, 20, and 30 μM) of gemcitabine for 24 h. Heat treatment (43°C, 1 h) was performed at various times relative to gemcitabine treatment. The effect of gemcitabine and heat treatment on cell survival was determined by WST-8 assay. The status of NF-κB in carcinoma cells exposed to gemcitabine was investigated by electrophoretic mobility shift assay and immunocytochemistry. We analyzed apoptosis and necrosis in AsPC-1 and MIAPaCa-2 cells by flow cytometry. Furthermore, the levels of Hsp70, cyclin D1, caspase-3, and vascular endothelial growth factor in each treatment group were detected by western blotting. Results: (1) Significant cytotoxicity was observed with gemcitabine. (2) Gemcitabine activated NF-κB binding activity in both cell lines. (3) Heat treatment inhibited the gemcitabine-induced activation of NF-κB. (4) Heat treatment enhanced the cytotoxicity of gemcitabine, especially when heat treatment was performed 24 h before gemcitabine was given. (5) The levels of Hsp70 were increased by heat treatment. Gemcitabine did not affect the protein level of Hsp70. The levels of pro-caspase-3 were decreased by heat treatment combined with gemcitabine. Conclusions: Heat treatment inhibited gemcitabine-induced activation of NF-κB, resulting in the enhancement of the cytotoxicity of gemcitabine.


Constitutional review usually focuses on the positive actions of lawmakers in relation to enacted legislation. However, can constitutional violations arise out of the negative actions of the lawmakers? This situation may be called "legislative omission" which happens when the lawmakers breach their duty to enact laws required by the constitution. If the negative actions of lawmakers can cause constitutional violations, how can this kind of violations be reviewed? The constitutional judiciary may adopt this mission in some countries as a kind of constitutional review, and some other countries regulate specifically the method of practising this monitoring. However, recognising and monitoring this kind of constitutional violation is still relatively new and even identifying this problem is still not clear enough. Thus, this thesis is an attempt to clarify this legal phenomenon deeply by studying several issues related to its definition, types, and identifying the reasons which cause it, on one side. Then it is an attempt to examine the role of the constitutional judiciary to remedy this problem, the kinds of decisions which may be issued by judges in this context and how can this kind of monitoring be justified, on another side.


This article highlights the history of almost 50 years of Leiden archaeological work at Saqqara, in the cemetery south of the Unas causeway, and places the recent findings of the current Leiden-Turin Expedition within a broader historical context, both ancient and modern. The relationship between the Rijksmuseum van Oudheden and Egypt started almost 200 years ago, with the acquisition of the first objects. The arrival of a collection of important objects coming from Saqqara triggered an interest in finding the context from which they originated. This led to the creation of the joint Dutch-British mission, that made the first important discoveries. Over the time, Museo Egizio, Torino, joined the mission; the current Dutch-Italian mission has been working on unearthing further structures as well as documenting in detail all the aspects of the site, from the buildings to the reliefs, from the finds to the overall context. Discoveries on the field are led and followed by the careful study of objects belonging to museum collections, in an interplay between archaeological sites and museums that goes beyond their physical boundaries.


Water is a chemical compound with chemical formula H2O. By the electrolysis proses, water can be split constituent elements, namely hydrogen (H2) and oxygen (O2). In this study, an electrolyze system used six pieces of electrodes which made from 304L SS for electrolysis process for both of distilled water and adding catalyst NaHCO3 (Sodium Bicarbonate) on distilled water. The results indicated that electrolysis process on distilled water consumed power of 353.52 Watts to produce Brown's gas of 0.00123 l/s. Whenever, NaHCO3 was added into distilled water with the mass fraction of 1.33% consumed power decrease of 27.89 Watts and Browns gas was produced 0.0017 l/s. The efficiency of distilled water had the greatest efficiency only 5.53% by using current of 2 Ampere and power reached 31.043Watts. While the addition of catalysts had the greatest efficiency reached 40.29% in the use of mass fraction of catalyst 1.5%, 6 Ampere currents and power of 19.829 Watts.


The deposition of metals, semiconductor and oxide nanostructures on foreign substrates surfaces is an important technological process for the formation of micro-, nano-structures and different devices. Generally, these materials are elaborated by physical vapor deposition techniques such as sputtering or molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). Our comprehensive of processes at the solid–vapor interface has extremely advanced over the past decade due to the routine accessibility of real-time, high-resolution imaging techniques yielding data that can be quantitatively compared with theory [1]. Electrochemical deposition is an attractive method for the elaboration of thin films. In general, for the electrochemical growth process, the growth mechanism of the deposition of metals onto semiconductors substrates takes place at 3D island growth (Volmer–Weber) mechanism due to the weak interaction energy [2]. A crucial step in nucleation and growth processes is the initial formation of growth centers whose number, nature and distribution on the substrate surface may strongly influence the final characteristics of electrodeposits [3]. It is well accepted that the association of different techniques, the current transient technique, also known as chronoamperometry and atomic force microscopy (AFM), are a techniques, which are commonly used to determine the nucleation mechanism and the understanding of the mechanism and kinetics of the early stages of metal and semiconductor deposition. In solid–liquid interface, it is well established that the formation of new phases generally occurs through nucleation and growth mechanisms and the corresponding current transients when using the appropriate models can provide valuable information about the kinetics of electrodeposition. This latter technique, which can be complemented by AFM imaging. In this work, the electrochemical deposition of copper on indium tin oxide (ITO)-coated conducting glass substrate from sulfate solutions was investigated by performing a detailed study of the nucleation and growth kinetics. A number of kinetics parameters have been estimated from the analysis of current transients on the basis of the Scharifker–Hills model. From the analysis of the experimental current transients, it has been found that the nucleation mechanism is instantaneous and diffusion-limited growth of three-dimensional hemispherical islands over a wide range of applied potentials.  A strong dependence of the number of active sites N 0 with deposition potential is observed on the ITO surface. The surface morphology of the Cu deposits is probed using ex situ AFM.  The images show regular nanocrystals randomly distributed over the ITO substrate with similar morphological characteristics and sizes. This is in agreement with the instantaneous nucleation mechanism proposed by the analysis of the experimental current transients.


The paper is a part of the main report of the Demonstration of the Setting of Master Degree of Journalism and Communication,which is the commitment subject of the General Administration of Press and Publication of China and is charged by the Research Center of Journalism and Social Development of Renmin University.According to the practical inspection of the current development of China's media industry and media education,it analyses the background of the setting of Master Degree in Journalism and Communication in China.


Smart grids are meant to reach multiple goals such as leveling the electricity demand profile, reducing electricity consumption and increasing the energy efficiency of the electrical grid. Smart buildings play an important role in achieving these goals. With an increased number of measuring and controlling tools, new problems also arise, such as their economic and environmental impacts, juxtaposed to the levels of savings achieved by them. This research investigated the impact of home automation on electricity consumption, related CO2 emissions and costs. A smart building model with its appliances and different number of inhabitants was used along with eight electricity contracts and four different technology systems deployed. The results showed that a fully deployed automation system may be counterproductive, as the electricity need of the system may exceed the savings achieved by it. Therefore, a careful selection of the appliances to be used should be performed.


Acquired melanocytic nevus (AMN) is the most common benign proliferative lesion of melanocytes occurring on the skin after birth. Nevi can occur under the genetic influence or certain environmental factors. Histopathologically, they are categorized as an intradermal, compound, and junctional nevus. The significance of nevi lies in their relation to melanoma with malignant transformation rate being 4%–9%. We, hereby present an institutional case series of AMN in the head-and-neck region.


Context. The twist of the magnetic field above a sunspot is an important quantity in solar physics. For example, magnetic twist plays a role in the initiation of flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs). Various proxies for the twist above the photosphere have been found using models of uniformly twisted flux tubes, and are routinely computed from single photospheric vector magnetograms. One class of proxies is based on α z , the ratio of the vertical current to the vertical magnetic field. Another class of proxies is based on the so-called twist density, q , which depends on the ratio of the azimuthal field to the vertical field. However, the sensitivity of these proxies to temporal fluctuations of the magnetic field has not yet been well characterized. Aims. We aim to determine the sensitivity of twist proxies to temporal fluctuations in the magnetic field as estimated from time-series of SDO / HMI vector magnetic field maps. Methods. To this end, we introduce a model of a sunspot with a peak vertical field of 2370Gauss at the photosphere and a uniform twist density q = − 0 . 024Mm − 1 . We add realizations of the temporal fluctuations of the magnetic field that are consistent with SDO / HMI observations, including the spatial correlations. Using a Monte-Carlo approach, we determine the robustness of the di ff erent proxies to the temporal fluctuations. Results. The temporal fluctuations of the three components of the magnetic field are correlated for spatial separations up to 1.4Mm (more than expected from the point spread function alone). The Monte-Carlo approach enables us to demonstrate that several proxies for the twist of the magnetic field are not biased in each of the individual magnetograms. The associated random errors on the proxies have standard deviations in the range between 0.002 and 0.006Mm − 1 , which is smaller by approximately one order of magnitude than the mean value of q .


Since late 2010 large-scale non-violent uprisings and their ripple effects have transformed the politics of the Arab countries to an extent not seen in decades. The autocratic rulers of Tunisia, Egypt, and Libya were pushed aside while most of their counterparts elsewhere continue to face various forms and degrees of contestation. However, serious challenges to these authoritarian regimes have not (yet) entailed their complete and definite demise, with the possible exception of Tunisia. Developments on the ground illustrate that contestation from below, responses from above, and the transformation of individual political regimes closely reflect the history and the « nature » of each of the states concerned. At the same time they pose additional challenges to much critiqued but common assumptions about collective action in general and in Arab contexts in particular. On the other hand, the limited extent to which political regimes have been transformed so far partially supports recently contested assumptions about the resilience and longevity of authoritarian rule in Arab states. Whether or not developing into revolutions, recent change selectively echoes arguments about modernization and points to the continued topicality of Tocquevillian ideas.


Modernity that signed by science and technology progress can
give some effects-cither positive or negative to human life. In
this case they can use the positive side of the progess to increase
their prosperity of life. While the negative side of the progress
has to be tried to be prevented. Relating to that the scientists try
to overcome it, based on its each discipline try to defend the
social values, cultur and religion to reach the humen balance of
life. Even the religious persons prevent the negative values so
hard meant by planting the religion values method.
To Islam, modernity shouldn't cause human being evade from
God or having the psycology ambiguity. From that Islam through
its moral mesage still try consistently so modernity gives benefit
to human beings life. In here the religion functionalisation keep
on being done to give positive contribution by way of controlling
the quality of belief and the taqwa (always doing what Allah's
commands and evading everything his prohibition) of human
beings. This is being tried from the internalisation of the religion
values by the MIMBAR (Muda-Mudi Masjid Baiturrahman)
organisation to refine the effects.


Abstract Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in childhood or adolescence is associated with a significantly higher lifetime risk of oppositional defiant disorder, anxiety disorder, conduct disorder, among others. Reports of co-morbidity rates are variable and influenced by assesment methodology and refferal bias, and may reflect lifetime rates within clinical groups. Up-to date studies revealed that as many as 85% of patients with ADHD have at least one psychiatric comorbidity and approximately 60% have at least two. Research and clinical practice has shown that having multiple co-existing psychiatric problems increase the severity of ADHD and behavioural problems, and is associated with incereased psychosocial impairment. The high rate of psychiatric problems co-occuring with ADHD has strong implications for the management of these patients. The presence of co-existing psychiatric conditions may moderate the response to treatment of ADHD and ADHD treatments may adversely affect and exacerbate the symptoms of the co-morbit condition. The aim of this article was to summarize the use of atomoxetine in the most frequent co-morbid disorders accompaining ADHD, ODD (oppositional defiant disorder) and anxiety, and to emphazise decrease of co-morbid symptoms with treatment of atomoxetine what exhort us to think about them as about possible subtypes of ADHD.


The temperature increase observed in the Northern hemisphere during the first half of this century was also detectable in Quebec; it affected both summer and winter. In northern Quebec, warmer summers stimulated growth and favored range expansion of trees and shurbs. Based on black spruce krummholz height and water level in lakes, the warmer period was also characterized by greater snowfall and deeper snow cover. This period of deep snow coincided with apparent caribou scarcity. Three hypotheses were explored to relate increased temperature with caribou decline: 1) destruction of winter habitat due to high frequency of forest fires, 2) increased energy cost to obtain forage in deep snow and 3) delayed melting of snow on calving grounds that shortened the time to raise calves. The combined effect of the 3 mechanism could explain caribou scarcity, particularly for the Riviere George herd whose calving ground becomes snow free in late June. Ways to test the third hypothesis are proposed.


Security proof of practical quantum key distribution (QKD) has attracted a lot of atten-tions in recent years. Most of real-life QKD implementations are based on phase-codingBB84 protocol, which usually use Unbalanced Mach-Zehnder Interferometer (UMZI) asthe information encoder and decoder. However, the long arm and short arm of UMZIwill introduce different loss in practical experimental realizations, the state emitted byAlice's side is nolonger perfect BB84 states correspondingly. In this paper, we will givethe security analysis in this situation. Counterintuitively, active compensation for thisdifferent loss will only lower the secret key bit rate.


SUMMARY Detailed reports are presented of two cases of malignant hyperpyrexia occurring in two males. Both patients died despite early recognition of the syndrome and vigorous treatment.


This paper focuses on the cross- track interferometric data calibration results and height accuracy analysis. We also present the key elements of the calibration technique for cross-track interferometric SAR data processed with the AIRSAR Integrated Processor.


Sales prediction analysis requires smart data mining techniques with accurate prediction models and high reliability. Essentially, most market segments rely on the knowhow base and the demand trend forecast for analysis of Business To Business (B2B) sales data. Data are provided by sales on how Telecommunication Company should manage its sales team, its products and also its budgeting flows. Precise estimates make it possible for Telecommunication Company to survive the market war and increase its market growth. In this research, the study and analysis of comprehensible predictive models use machine learning techniques to improve future sales predictions. Traditional forecasting systems are difficult to deal with big data and the accuracy of sales forecasting. In this paper, a brief analysis of the reliability of B2B sales using machine learning techniques. The latter part of this research explains a range of sales prediction strategies and interventions. Based on the performance assessment, a best-adapted predictive model for the B2B sales trend forecast is suggested. Projection, estimation and analysis findings are summarized in terms of reliability and consistency of efficient prediction and forecasting techniques. The results of this analysis are expected to generate reliable, accurate and effective forecasting data, a valuable resource for sales predictions. Research has shown that Gradient Boost Algorithm shows good accuracy in forecasting and future B2B sales prediction with MSE = 24,743,000,000.00, and MAPE: 0.18.


In this paper, a cavity-backed substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) antenna with two reconfigurable circular polarizations is proposed and investigated. The circular polarizations are generated by a combination of complementary square split ring on the top layer and a shorting via between the top layer and the ground plane which introduces current perturbation. The polarization states of the proposed antenna can be dynamically switched between left-handed circular polarization (LHCP) and right-handed circular polarization (RHCP) by selectively connecting one of the two symmetrical shorting vias to the bottom ground plane. To validate our design, the proposed antenna is fabricated and measured. The simulated and experimental results are observed, which illustrates good performance of the proposed antenna. This single-port antenna polarization reconfigurable is useful for the design of array antenna for wireless applications.


India is the second largest producer of milk in the world with 15% of the world's livestock population thriving on 2% of global area. The pressure on arable land for food grains, pulses and oilseeds is increasing day by day leaving no scope for future expansion of area under fodder crops. This has resulted in huge gap in the demand and supply of the fodder. In this context, fodder trees are of great importance as a major feed resource especially during lean period in all parts of India. Research effort for the genetic improvement of fodder trees is, however, lacking as compared to massive effort for forage grasses and legumes. In this article, an attempt has been made to review the constraints, different approaches, present status of research and future strategies needed for genetic improvement of fodder trees.


Iron-based '1111' polycrystalline superconducting thin films have been successfully grown on (100) LaAlO3 substrates by metal–organic chemical vapor deposition and an ex situ diffusion process. The viability of the method to grow NdFe1−xCoxAsO and SmFeAsO1−xFx compounds is presented. The x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and electrical measurements show that the formation of the superconducting quaternary phase is possible by this method. The different behaviors of electrical resistance as a function of temperature are explained and discussed in terms of the amount of 'doping' in the different ReFeAsO compounds as well as in terms of the spurious phases that appear together with the superconducting phase.


In this contribution, a tool developed for the study of the efficiency maps of shifted inductances axes permanent magnet synchronous motors (SIAPMSMs) is presented and made available to the readers. The research builds upon a shared foundation that has already been established in previous works focused on the power capability of synchronous machines. This contribution is an extension of previous works dedicated to the power capabilities of shifted inductances axes synchronous motors where the losses were not considered. In this new contribution, the SIAPMSM models, which include the electromagnetic losses (joule and iron losses), are discussed. The mechanical losses are not included. The classical permanent magnet synchronous machines can be considered a particular case of a SIAPMSM. They will be used to validate the developed tools. The validation study is conducted by comparing the power capabilities and the efficiency maps of SIAPMSMs and classical PMSMs obtained by the newly developed modeling tool and a previously developed modeling tool.


Plant phosphatases (EC 3.1.3) are suggested to be involved in the production, transport, and recycling of phosphate. Acid phosphatases (E.C. 22.214.171.124) are enzymes highly expressed in plants and especially in plant tissues such as seeds, bulbs, roots, tubers, coleoptiles and leaves. Leaf phosphatases from beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) (Tejera Garcia et al., 2004; ACID PHOSPHATASE ACTIVITY IN SUN-EXPOSED AND SHADE BEECH (FAGUS SYLVATICA L.) LEAVES


This paper gives an introduction of the means and method of comprehensive utilization of quartz tailings of float glass silica raw material.The production line built up by taking this technology has proved that processed quartz fine sand is high stable in quality and low in cost with great product value-added potential.Slime has broad utilization and facilitates environment protection,which is the solution to sustainable development concerning silica sand sector and realizes real clean production.


Aims:  The aims of this study were to characterize the molecular variations in the quinolone resistance‐determining region (QRDR) of gyrA among quinolone‐resistant and ‐susceptible Campylobacter jejuni isolates originating from foods of animal origin and human infections and to evaluate the suitability of the single‐strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) method as a screening method for molecular characterization of fluoroquinolone resistance.


The AC to AC frequency converter which contains phase-shifting transformer has a low power factor and produces rich harmonics in operation,the harmonics and reactive power are compensated respectively from the secondary phase-shifting windings by several shunt APF(active power filter)in practical projects.Taking advantage of the harmonics in the secondary side of the transformer can be counteracted in the primary side,this paper introduces harmonics superposition algorithm to add the transformer secondary harmonic instructions together and calculates the primary harmonics instruction on the basis of instantaneous reactive power theory,so as to omit the harmonics which can be counteracted and avoid the compensation in the secondary side by APF,which reduces compensation capacitance.Meanwhile,series capacitor in the inverter outline can decrease DC side capacitor voltage of the active power filter.The simulation results of PSCAD/EMTDC software have justified the new algorithm and voltage depressing control.


With long pulse-duration (4 nsec), moderate intensity (approx. = 10/sup 13/ W/cm/sup 2/) Nd-laser illumination of planar targets, evidence is found in images of x-ray, 3/2 ..omega../sub 0/ and 2 ..omega../sub 0/ emission for filamentation of the incident beam. Calculations indicate that this may be due to thermal self-focusing of hot spots in the laser. X-ray images show spots and spicules, jets of material flow which appear to follow the fluid flow from the target. These may be attributed to the presence of microscopic impurities on our laser-irradiated foil targets.


This paper reports the stability conditions for intense zonal flows (ZFs) and the growth rate $\gamma_{\rm TI}$ of the corresponding "tertiary" instability (TI) within the generalized Hasegawa--Mima plasma model. The analytic calculation extends and revises Kuo's analysis of the mathematically similar barotropic vorticity equation for incompressible neutral fluids on a rotating sphere [H.-L. Kuo, J. Meteor. $\textbf{6}$, 105 (1949)]; then, the results are applied to the plasma case. An error in Kuo's original result is pointed out. An explicit analytic formula for TI is derived and compared with numerical calculations. It is shown that, within the generalized Hasegawa--Mima model, a sinusoidal ZF is TI-unstable if and only if it satisfies the Rayleigh--Kuo criterion (known from geophysics) and that the ZF wave number exceeds the inverse ion sound radius. For non-sinusoidal ZFs, the results are qualitatively similar. As a corollary, there is no TI in the geometrical-optics limit, i.e., when the perturbation wavelength is small compared to the ZF scale. This also means that the traditional wave kinetic equation, which is derived under the geometrical-optics assumption, cannot adequately describe the ZF stability.


Up to 50 per cent of patients who suffer chronic diseases do not take their medication at full therapeutic doses


Objective To investigate the molecular characters of BEL-7402 cell line. Methods Compared gene expression changes of BEL-7402 cell line with normal liver tussue by cDNAmicroarray among 866 cancer related genes. Results There were 31 genes had differential expression in BEL-7402 cell line. 24 genes were up-regulated while 7 genes were down-regulated. In those genes,many differentially expressed genes were involved in cell division,membrane receptor and immunocompeten.Conclusions Abnormal gene expression contribute to malignant cell divison.


Fitness gymnasiums shape subjects and establish communities. The extraordinary rise in the number of high-end, architect-designed fitness gymnasiums responds to, and accelerates market demand as individuals adapt to societal expectations. Yet going to the gym is not experienced as an external directive. It is felt as a desire to be one's best, to live fully, to succeed. The central role played by design is to (re)produce the desire to voluntarily subject oneself to regimes of self-control and self-transformation. This article looks at how the diverse architecture and interior design of the fitness gymnasium creates this desire and constructs subject positions. Today's gymnasiums reference elements of bathhouses, spas, surgical clinics, sanatoria, monasteries, discotheques and nightclubs, factories, homes, clubs, hotels, S&M dungeons, massage parlours, beauty salons, cafes, and, even, art galleries – albeit not all in one space. We analyse the richly diverse aesthetics of several commercial chains of gymnasiums and explore the affective experiences established through the manipulation of atmospheric qualities.


Objective To promote rational clinical use of traditional Chinese medicines and digoxin. Methods164 in-patients' records from January 2011 to December 2011 w ere taken at random in-patients treated w ith digoxin( 0. 125 mg/day),and were recorded and analyzed according to their pharmacological characters and related literatures.Results There were incompatibility in 39 cases treated in combination with digoxin and traditional Chinese medicines.Conclusion Some traditional Chinese medicines should not be used together with digoxin,physicians must be careful w hen w riting out prescriptions.


This book offers a comprehensive examination of the group interview technique--its origins theoretical rationale applications and procedures. Designed for those who buy and supervise market research as well as for those who moderate this book includes a discussion of the individual depth interview technique and its relevant applications. Among its key features the book details the rationale for qualitative research methods and appropriate applications and limitations and shows how group interviews fit into a broader context of quantitative market research. The real emphasis is on the practical use of group interview methodologies. While the abundant psychological theory on which the methods are based is not discussed extensively the reader is aware throughout of the depth of understanding that informs the text. The reader will come away understanding when to use the group depth interview methods--as well as when not to use them. The bulk of the book deals with how to carry out the research. The design of the study the details of conducting the study the analysis of the data and the writing of the report are all covered thoroughly. There are at least 3 groups who should read this book. The 1st includes group moderators and those who aspire to be moderators. The 2nd group is made up of marketing research generalists who often have to help fit the right method to the problem at hand. The 3rd group consists of product and marketing managers who are the users of research results.


A statistical model for the cooperative thermochromic transition of polysilanes is proposed. The basic assumption of this treatment is that the origin of the thermochromism is the conformational transition between two ordered states, i.e., all-trans and helix structures. We have calculated the partition function of a single polysilane chain by assuming that the total conformational energy of the chain can be described by a simple sum of the nearest-neighbor interaction energies and the energies of trans, gauche(+), and gauche(−) structures. A comparison of the theoretical results with the experimental intensity of absorption maxima has enabled us to estimate the free energy of stabilization of the ordered sequences. The calculation suggests that the transition-type thermochromism is observable only when the conformational stabilization energies of the ordered sequences are large.


Introduction. The scientific article analyzes the features of legal culture of Ukraine, which is in the status of a national legal culture has absorbed not only by a common legal culture, but also special about it and specific to a given legal culture. Provided that there are no two identical legal systems, and no two identical legal cultures. Each national legal culture is developing in a separate society, which has its own cultural characteristics, its own history, develops in particular natural and historical conditions; and that primarily is due to the specificity of state-legal development of society, and therefore the specifics of the national legal culture.

Noted that the peculiarities of formation and development of legal system of Ukraine at its initial stage are the objective factors that significantly influenced the development of legal culture of Ukraine, and with it – at the societal, group and individual perception of the new law in the minds of the people and their choice of the relevant legal values. It is argued that under adverse and highly controversial economic, social and state-legal development of Ukraine in the early 90-ies, national legal culture is acquired not progressive, and chaotic and even regressive trend of its development. By the authorities to attempt to reform society, including the state and legal reform, led mainly to the opposite effect, to the increasingly obvious destruction of the system of state administration and legal system, to the denial of the principle of legality and criminality, corruption, and systematic disregard for and violations of the ruling subjects of human rights. Therefore, instead of approval in public life generally accepted legal values in Ukraine today questioned the value of the law and legal nihilism entered level generally threatening the company's existence.

The aim of the article. To find out the problems of the formation and development of legal culture in Ukraine, taking into account certain aspects of it to cover them in this article.

Results. When talking about the formation of legal culture, it is noted in the literature, apparently, mean measures that create for this process, the necessary conditions, providing the opportunity to the highest degree manifest objective factors that should serve as a conditions of development of legal culture of a society in transition. However, the objectivity of the process of formation of legal culture of society does not mean elimination of human factor from the process. It is also alleged that in the professional legal culture on the legal culture in Ukraine, a special place belongs to the legal culture of lawmakers because of the level of their professional training, legal culture depends on the quality of laws, the timely and proper amendments and additions to the existing legislation with a view to its improvement. The actions of the lawmakers form the authority of the government, contribute to a proper understanding of the law, the observance of the current legislation. For legislative success is essential continuous professional legal culture of direct participants. As shown by practical experience, a high level of professional legal culture of the participant of the legislative process reaches the combining of the two requirements. The first involves the education of the participant of the legislative process, his personal conviction of the need of observance of laws in everyday life. The second is directly connected with the process of obtaining the quality of professional knowledge regarding the mechanism of creating laws and the legal system and develop skills to professionally apply that knowledge.

Conclusions. The authors mainly focus not on the characteristics of the development and current state of national legal culture and on various aspects of relations "society-state" in whose context also refers to the legal culture in its private manifestations, and expressed opinions relative to problems of formation in Ukraine of a higher level or better quality of legal culture. But without a clear understanding of the specific and the real state of the national legal culture of Ukraine can not develop the necessary tools and levers of formation of legal culture necessary for the effective functioning of the national legal system.


Combined with the situation of preventive medicine teaching in adults this article discusses the teaching mode of preventive medicine in adult-upgraded education from talent training plan revision,teaching contents and teaching system reform,and practicing teaching mode construction,to meet the demand of development of modern public health.


This application contains the microcapsules 15 to the volume mean diameter of 90 ㎛ d, and with respect to the total weight of the capsule having a shell weight ratio of from 3 to 40%, one or more of the poly of the microcapsule shell, urea, the core is one describes a more pro containing an oily component, a polyurea microcapsule production method of the microcapsules in the dispersion pohamneun the step of adding the hydroxyalkyl cellulose of the microcapsules and the use thereof.


Introduction/Study Objectives: The development of biosimilars is challenging due to the complexity of the active substances as well as the strict regulatory requirements to show similarity with a reference medicinal product. This review aims to describe the regulatory experience of approving biosimilars in the European Union (EU) within the EU framework, identify emerging trends in the EU regulatory pathway when approving biosimilars and discuss where the EU biosimilar framework is heading. Methods: Marketing authorisation applications (MAAs) submitted up to 2019 were retrieved from the public domain. The European public assessment report database was searched for approved biosimilars and clinical development programmes of biosimilars belonging to the same class were reviewed. In order to observe if biosimilars released onto the market increased safety concerns, we compared disproportionate adverse event reports pre- and post-licensure. Results: Up to December 2019, 90 MAAs were submitted and 53 biosimilars were approved for 14 different biologicals. Total number of clinical trials (both phase I and III) steadily goes up driven by an increase number of approvals in later years, while the average number of both phase I and III trials decreased over time with some with Pegfilgrastim biosimilars being approved without conducting any phase III clinical trials. No new safety concerns were identified from the analysis of disproportionate adverse event reports. Discussion: Clinical development programmes of biosimilars and the requirements set for biosimilars approval are changing over time. Biosimilars approved seem to be as well tolerated as the reference products when approved based on stringent regulatory requirements. Conclusion: Regulation of biosimilars is progressing as more knowledge is gained.


We present a study on the physical properties of compact star-forming galaxies (cSFGs) with M* ≥ 1010M⊙ and 2 ≤ z ≤ 3 in the COSMOS (Cosmic Evolution Survey) and GOODS-S (Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey South) fields. We find that massive cSFGs have a comoving number density of (1.0 ± 0.1) × 10−4 Mpc−3. The cSFGs are distributed at nearly the same locus on the main sequence as extended star-forming galaxies (eSFGs) and dominate the high-mass end. On the rest-frame U − V versus V − J ?> and U − B ?> versus M B ?> diagrams, cSFGs are mainly distributed at the middle of eSFGs and compact quiescent galaxies (cQGs) in all colors, but are more inclined to "red sequence" than "green valley" galaxies. We also find that cSFGs have distributions similar to cQGs on the nonparametric morphology diagrams. The cQGs and cSFGs have larger Gini and smaller M20, while eSFGs have the reverse. About one-third of cSFGs show signatures of postmergers, and almost none of them can be recognized as disks. Moreover, those visually extended cSFGs all have lower Gini coefficients (Gini < 0.4), indicating that the Gini coefficient could be used to clean out noncompact galaxies in a sample of candidate cSFGs. The X-ray-detected counterparts are more frequent among cSFGs than in eSFGs and cQGs, implying that cSFGs have previously experienced violent gas-rich interactions (such as major mergers or disk instabilities), which could trigger both star formation and black hole growth in an active phase.


This study adopts qualitative research approach to learn how the Nigerian higher education (HE) institutions can involve industry experts to direct learning - an approach that can facilitate productive jobs creation in Nigeria. Higher education (HE) graduates are expected to have acquired the right skills through effective learning that prepares them for productive jobs creation. Previous studies reveal that majority of the Nigerian HE graduates are unemployable, unable to either start small businesses, become self-employed or paid employment due to poor skills development. As a result, a greater number of the HE graduates roam the streets in search for white-collar jobs which are not readily available.


A developing topic called gamification uses game elements in non-gaming contexts to improve learning possibilities for computer science students. Because it can enhance educational outcomes, student engagement, and motivation, it has gained popularity in computer science teaching. This study looks at how well gamification works in technical courses, how it affects students' academic achievement, and what gamification strategies are most helpful. The paper outlines ways that gamification might encourage critical thinking, innovation, and teamwork. It looks at various gamification strategies, methodologies, frameworks, and pertinent case studies in computer science education.The paper concludes with recommendations for effectively implementing gamification strategies in computer science curricula, paving the way for future research and innovation.


We present a review of a series of learning methods used to identify the structure of dynamical systems, aiming to understand emergent behaviors in complex systems of interacting agents. These methods not only offer theoretical guarantees of convergence but also demonstrate computational efficiency in handling high-dimensional observational data. They can manage observation data from both first- and second-order dynamical systems, accounting for observation/stochastic noise, complex interaction rules, missing interaction features, and real-world observations of interacting agent systems. The essence of developing such a series of learning methods lies in designing appropriate loss functions using the variational inverse problem approach, which inherently provides dimension reduction capabilities to our learning methods.


Three screening programs for early cervical cancer currently in use in Japan were evaluated according to the following criteria: (1) economic effectiveness; (2) screening efficiency; and (3) access to medical care. The mobile program has the highest benefit‐cost ratio (BCR, 1.20) and is hence most cost‐effective; its detection rate, rescreening rate, and early cancer detection rate (proportion of Stage‐0 patients to all patients with cancer) are moderately high (0.09%, 2.07%, 55%, respectively). It is obviously suited to rural areas, especially where residents have a positive attitude toward local health services. The detection center program is less cost‐effective than the mobile program (BCR, 0.83) but diagnostically the most effective with highest detection, rescreening, and early cancer detection rate (0.15%, 5.08%, 61%, respectively). It is suitable to large cities (population over 1 million) with efficient public transportation. The private physician program is economically and in terms of screening efficiency least effective of the three; its BCR being 0.40 and detection, rescreening, and early cancer detection rate being the lowest (0.08%, 0.29%, 33%, respectively). However, the private physician program is increasingly employed, presumably because of easy access to medical care, better rapport between the patient and physician, and, in addition, successful lobbying by private physicians.