Abstract : This report describes and presents a test program carried out at NASA Langley Research Center aimed at defining the nonlinear/inelastic response under inplane shear of a large variety of 3M SP-286T3 Graphite-Epoxy and AVCO 5505/5.6 Mil. Dia. Boron-Epoxy angle-ply laminates, as well as obtaining their strength allowables and detecting the mechanisms which govern their mode of failure. Two types of specimens for the program were chosen, tested and evaluated: shear panels stabilized by an Aluminum Honeycomb core and shear tubes. A modified biaxially compression/tension loaded picture frame' was designed and utilized in the test program with the shear panels. Evaluation of the experimental results, i.e. the type of experienced stress-strain field and strength values observed for the panels tested with this new apparatus, and comparison of the results with those experienced by the tubes, indicate that the new modified picture-frame has fulfilled and justified the expectations and proved to be an adequate and reliable device for inplane shear testing. The results obtained with this test technique categorically prefer the shear panels, rather than the tubes, for adequate and satisfactory experimental definition of the objectives concerned with the present test program. The present test results indicate the existence of a so-called core-effect which ought to be considered when reducing experimental data for weak in shear laminates.


The giant composite field of colonialism and postcolonialism studies has had a transforming effect on modern anthropology. Anthropologists have been innovative users of its multidisciplinary perspectives, and key contributors to its challenging accounts of past and contemporary global life and experience. The call to prioritise colonial and postcolonial perspectives in the framing of anthropology's central research questions has greatly extended the field's range and scope, including its distinctive approaches to the issue of whether it is colonialism that should be seen as modernity's most important progenitor, and the source of its most toxic forms of subjugation and disempowerment. This entry notes the sophistication with which anthropology has both embraced and challenged the forms of cultural and social analysis through which the epistemic and material transformations of global empire and its afterlife have been documented and theorised. And it argues that studies of colonialism and postcolonialism still have a strong and productive future in a world now widely thought to require the multidimensional framings provided by today's high-profile theorists of globalisation and cosmopolitanism. call to prioritise colonial and postcolonial perspectives in framing virtually all analytical accounts and research questions has greatly extended anthropology's range and scope. It has led to the use of tools from both within and beyond the discipline, including poststructuralist understandings of power and subjectivity, and the contingency and open-endedness of historical change. These perspectives have fed debate on a wide range of topics: anticolonial nationalism; religious conversion; capitalist market transformations; gender relations and domestic intimacies; urban experience and historicity; citizenship and migration, as well as resistance and hegemonic power effects.


Quorn is a mycoprotein, consisting of low-fat content and is free of cholesterol. In addition, it has high dietary fibre, which has found to lower blood cholesterol. Simultaneously, a consequent decrease is also found in the total cholesterol effect. Good compliance with quorn also appeared to have a significant drop in total blood cholesterol and LDL cholesterol. Moreover, it increases satiety and had also been proved to reduce glycaemia and insulinemia. Hence, it can be considered as an excellent nutritional source for the vegetarians.Perhaps, feasibly it might be the breakthrough for malnutrition dilemma. Quorn mycoprotein strains previously identified as F. graminearum wasF. venenatum. It is now produced from fungus Fusarium venenatum, in vat fermenter, futhermore glucose and ammonium is added as the carbon and the nitrogen source respectively. Therefore it is easily cultivableand are consumed either in fresh or processed form such as mince, nuggets, sausages, etc. But the risk of sensitisation to Quorn is also found, just in those patients who are allergic to mould. Such individual might react adversely to inhaled or ingested mycoprotein. F. venenatum myco-protein is now used in six European countries and there are plans for it to be sold in other countries as well.


The Einstein X‐ray Observatory Satellite provided the first detection of isolated x‐ray sources in the Andromeda Galaxy. Recent ROSAT observations have provided observations of the x‐ray binaries in M31 complete to Lx∼1034 erg sec−1, and are sensitive enough to detect many supernova remnants and other x‐ray sources. Optical identifications are crucial to identify or confirm the identifications of these sources. This article reviews the search for optical counterparts to the Einstein x‐ray sources and discusses the ongoing efforts of the MIT‐UvA‐MPE group to identify optical counterparts to the ROSAT x‐ray sources.


Twenty-four gilts(Yorkshire) were randomly allotted to 2 groups with 12 replications to study the effects of maternal folic acid supplementation on hepatic antioxidant capacity and expression patterns of genes involved in folic acid metabolism in newborn piglets during gestation period.The control group was fed with basal diet(folic acid 1.3 mg/kg),which was the typical corn-soybean meal.Folic acid was added into the basal diet as the experimental group diet(folic acid 30 mg/kg).The trial duration was last from mating to delivery.The results showed that maternal folic acid supplementation increased serum folic acid content of piglets(P 0.01) and reduced serum homocysteine content(P 0.01) significantly during the gestational period.Compared with the control group,the activities of hepatic T-AOC(P 0.05),GSH-Px(P 0.05) and SOD(P 0.05) in piglets of experimental group were increased,but the concentrations of MDA and NO were reduced significantly(P 0.05) after folic acid addition.Maternal folic acid supplementation increased the expression levels of cSHMT(P 0.05) and decreased the mRNA levels of T-protein(P 0.05).The results revealed that maternal folic acid supplementation could improve hepatic antioxidant capacity in piglets and altered expression patterns of genes involved in folic acid metabolism.


This study aims to describe the role of Total Quality Management in order to increase foreign student customers.The method used is qualitative descriptive method. The selection of this method is to obtain an overall picture of the problem being studied. As for the unit of analysis or research subject as a source of data are the leaders, lecturers, staff, technical supervisors, and the students of International University of Malaysia (IIUM).The data was collected by using questionnaires. Interview method is used to support the research, and the obtained-data was analyzed through triangulation. In general, the results of this study show that continuously improvement and involve all elements of the organization starting from the rector of IIUM to personnel at the technical level in order to improve customer service quality of foreign students. This worked well and coordinated according to the system that has been applied and has been in accordance with International standards. Based on data analysis, it is known that in general, Total Quality Management (TQM) that is applied by the rector of the International Islamic University (IIUM) has reached an optimal point, whether it in terms of Customer Satisfaction, Continuous Improvement, Speaking with Fact, and Respect for People. Thus, it can be concluded that TQM applications in order to improve Customer Service Foreign Students at the International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) was a great influence in improving customer service quality of foreign students in accordance with the vision, mission and objectives of the International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM).


We show that there are 105 isometric classes of fractal cubes of order 3 with 7 copies possessing one-point intersection property which are subdivided to 5 bi-Lipschitz classes of dendrites and 7 bi-Lipschitz classes of non-dendrites


According to Japan criterion,a reinforced concrete coating used for marine works and developed by SinoJapan Marine Protective Coating Research and Development Center was examined.Alkali-resistance,adhesion, weather resistance and salt content had been tested.The results not only revealed that this coating had good physical and chemical properties,and wide market prospects,but also provided methods for testing coatings in laboratory.


THE authors described the technique which they employ for studying the acid and alkali secretions of the upper alimentary tract. By the fractional method of gastric analysis an estimate, more accurate than that given by any single-hour procedure, is made of the gastric secretion. Repeated estimates of the alveolar C02 tension confirm these findings and also give an estimate of the degree of secretion of alkaline juice by the pancreas in any given case. After discussing certain physiological principles in connexion with these methods, the authors described the results of a series of experiments on the human subject which showed that the gastric and pancreatic secretions are both continuous in nature, and that such continuous secretions can be largely controlled by atropine applications to the local mucosa. Having illustrated the pictures yielded by such methods in the normal subject they described the results they had obtained with pathological cases. Conditions of true gastric hypersecretion they had found to be rare; they emphasized the infrequency of association of this condition with gastric ulcer, and showed that the laboratory picture typical of gastric ulcer is a highly concentrated gastric content rather than a true hypersecretion. The steps were described by which they had reached the conclusion that an analogous condition of hypersecretion is found in connexion with the pancreas and that such a condition exists in diabetes mellitus. Dealing with hyposecretory states they emphasized the frequency of achylia gastrica in normal men, and described a case of chronic pancreatitis; they then dealt with the hyposecretion seen in cases of pernicious anamia, and brought forward evidence to show that the pancreas as well as the stomach is affected in this disease. The last portion of the communication dealt with anomalies of secretion believed to -be due chiefly to derangement of pyloric function, the chief examples being juxta-pyloric ulceration and carcinoma in the pyloric region.


AbstractJohn Lent is a prolific writer on mass communication. While at Universiti Sains Malaysia, he had carried out extensive research on the history and state of mass communication in Malaysia.


This paper presents a general system-level simulation and testing methodology for reconfigurable
System-on-Chips, starting from behavioral specifications of system activities to multilevel simulations of accelerated tasks running on the reconfigurable circuit. The system is based on a common objectoriented environment that offers valuable debugging and probing facilities as well as integrated testing features. Our system brings these benefits to the hardware simulation, while enforcing validation through characterization tests and interoperability through on-demand mainstream tools connections. This framework has been partially developed in the scope of the EU Morpheus project and is used to validate our contribution to the spatial design task.


Vocational education has trained a large number of labor talents for China and made outstanding contributions to improve the employment rate. With the progress of society and the continuous im通讯作者。


Works cited: pages 25-27%%%%"Digital media has come a long way by giving representation to the LGBT community and
featuring LGBT characters. However, very few to none of those movies represent characters as
anything other than 'gay' and usually revolve around a 'coming out' experience. Within the
thesis film, a depiction of a lesbian couple's relationship will be shown in a way that is solely
about their relationship with themselves and to each other rather than them overcoming stereotypes about their sexuality. The hope for the future of cinema is that one day, queer characters will have their place in movies and television with three-dimensional personalities in a society that accepts them and doesn't define them by their sexuality. Within this paper, there will be a comparison between past and present LGBT films and television shows, showing how they have shaped our society to date. Hopefully, this up and coming genre will change the perspective that the world has on the queer community and shape the younger generations of
filmmakers to let their voices be heard."%%%%Includes the short film "Just Breathe" / directed by Aliyah McIntosh ; produced by Paula Castro ; written by Cassie McLeod. The film portrays two lesbian women in a committed relationship dealing with issues not related to their sexuality%%%%Keywords: LGBTQIA+, normalized representation, mental health, relationships, queer cinema, The Fosters, shameless, Tangerine, queer community, digital representation


Due to their hierarchical structure, Binary Tree (BTree) topology can be employed in Network-on-Chip (NoC) applications. Because of its lower bisection bandwidth, the performance degradation is observed in communication intensive applications. The Fat tree topology has been proposed to overcome the disadvantages of the BTree topology. But, the complexity of the Fat Tree topology's router becomes more complicated as we move towards the root node of the tree and occupying a huge amount of hardware resources compared to the BTree variant. Instead of going for Fat Tree topology, the number of hops taken by a packet in the BTree topology can be reduced by introducing new links in the network with an increase in the bisection bandwidth. In this work, we propose a variant of BTree topology called Hy-BTree by introducing additional links at the intermediate levels of the network to reduce the number of hops taken for the communication. The proposed design is implemented on the FPGA and compared with the other topologies from state-of-the-art the FPGA based NoC architectures. A reduction in average latency and an improvement in throughput have been observed in Hy-BTree with respect to the BTree network with negligible overhead.


A differentiation based control method for a shunt active power filter is used in this paper for functioning in the presence of grid voltage distortion and imbalance. To enable the fast and accurate estimation of the variables in the presence of unbalancing or distortion in the grid voltages, a pre-filtering scheme is considered based on the dual second order generalized integrator (DSOGI) approach. The signal recomposition performed by the pre-filter isolates the harmonics from the voltage and current waveforms, and the differentiation FLL (dFLL) is able to estimate the frequency of the waveforms which is used as a feedback for the pre-filter, thus making the system frequency adaptive. The control algorithm is validated with both simulation studies and a hardware prototype of a active power filter carrying out current compensation robustly, demonstrating the speed and accuracy of the system under grid voltage distortions and maintaining less than 5% supply current total harmonic distortion THD as dictated by IEEE Std. 519-2014.


Plot experiments were carried out at five locations in Heilongjiang province to analyze the effect of foliar nitrogen application on yield and quality characters of strong gluten common wheat cv. Longmai 26. The results show that foliar nitrogen application twice at 3-leaf stage and anthesis stage can obviously improve yield and quality of common wheat cv. Longmai 26 while foliar nitrogen applieation once at 3-leaf stage is disadvantage to both yield and quality. The best treatment of foliar nitrogen application has the trend of improving sedimentation value,maximum resistance,extensibility and loaf volum while protein content, stability and loaf score are not affacted significantly.


Many concurrency control protocols for B-trees use latchcoupling because its execution is efficient on a single machine. Some studies have indicated that latch-coupling may involve a performance bottleneck when using multicore processors in a shared-everything environment, but no studies have considered the possible performance bottleneck caused by sending messages between processing elements (PEs) in sharednothing environments. We propose two new concurrency control protocols, "LCFB" and "LCFB-link", which require no latch-coupling in optimistic processes. The LCFB-link also innovates B-link approach within each PE to reduce the cost of modifications in the PE, as a solution to the difficulty of consistency management for the side pointers in a parallel B-tree. The B-link algorithm is well known as a protocol without latch-coupling, but Blink has the difficulty of guaranteeing the consistency of the side pointers in a parallel B-tree. Experimental results in various environments indicated that the system throughput of the proposed protocols was always superior to those of the conventional protocols, particularly in large-scale configurations, and using LCFB-link was effective for higher update ratios. In addition, to mitigate access skew, data should migrate between PEs. We have demonstrated that our protocols always improve the system throughput and are effective as concurrency controls for data migration. key words: concurrency, distributed databases, transaction processing, directory structures, trees


The function of sensory abilities in personal space research has been all but neglected. Elderly people experience a decline in sensory functioning as a result of the aging process or illness. Vision, hearing, and mobility were examined in relation to an elderly sample's perception of strength and aggression and established interpersonal distance. Results indicate that age, gender, and mobility play an important role in interpersonal distance. Methodological findings offer insights for future studies in personal space research.


Abstract Huangqi Jianzhong Tang (HQJZ), a famous traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, is widely used in the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases in China. However, its active substances remain unclear due to the lack of systemic metabolism studies. In this study, an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-Exactive mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Exactive-MS) was used to detect and identify its metabolites in rat plasma after oral administration of HQJZ coupled with Compound Discover 2.0 software. The possible metabolic pathways were calculated and deduced based on 71 previous detected prototype compounds. As results, a total of 95 compounds were identified in rat plasma, including 11 prototype compounds and 84 related metabolites. Among them, flavonoids and saponins were the main ingredients in vivo. Meanwhile, it was speculated that HQJZ experienced oxidation, reduction, acetylation, methylation, and glucuronic acid reaction in rat plasma. This study established a reliable method for the detection of prototype components and metabolites of TCMs, which could provide helpful information for further research into the active substances of HQJZ. Graphical Abstract


The present invention relates to a window panel including an adhesion-base layer having a first surface and a second surface which is the opposite side of the first surface, and including a thermoplastic polymer; a first film arranged on the first surface of the adhesion-base layer, and including a first plastic layer and a first surface hardness layer formed on the first plastic layer; and a second film arranged on the second surface of the adhesion-base layer, and including a second plastic layer and a second surface hardness layer formed on the second plastic layer, wherein the adhesion-base layer, the first plastic layer, and the second plastic layer include the same material, and to a manufacturing method thereof and a display device including the same.


We propose a quantum nondemolition method---a giant optical Faraday rotation near the resonant regime to measure a single-electron spin in a quantum dot inside a microcavity where a negatively charged exciton strongly couples to the cavity mode. Left-circularly and right-circularly polarized lights reflected from the cavity obtain different phase shifts due to cavity quantum electrodynamics and the optical spin selection rule. This yields giant and tunable Faraday rotation that can be easily detected experimentally. Based on this spin-detection technique, a deterministic photon-spin entangling gate and a scalable scheme to create remote spin entanglement via a single photon are proposed.


Ancestors of the greenhouse snap dragon, Antirrhinum majus L., were native to the Mediterranean region, where they grew as summer perennials. In about 1926, a winter flowering greenhouse cultivar, 'Chevoit Maid', was introduced. The first F, hybrid greenhouse forcing snapdragon was in troduced in 1938. George J. Ball, Inc., and Yoder Bros., Inc., have been the principal introducers of F, hybrid cultivars since 1950 (Rogers, 1980). Snapdragon production is of more interest to California growers today, because it is one of the cool-night-tem perature crops. Major limitations of the crop include: (1) the need to ship upright in hampers to prevent bending of stems, and (2) the sensitivity of snapdragons to ethylene gas. Recent work has demonstrated that condition ing the flowers with STS (silver thiosulfate complex) can reduce shattering and increase vase life of the blooms. The mechanism by which snapdragon flower shattering is reduced by using STS is currently being investigated at University of California, Davis. Spe cific methods for conditioning snap dragons with STS will be published later.


When asked to speak clearly, talkers vary considerably in terms of the amount of intelligibility benefit achieved. The acoustic differences between clear and conversational speech also differ from talker to talker. The present study examined the extent to which clear speech acoustic modifications were consistent with talkers' descriptions of the strategies they used in the clear speech condition during the recording of a large multitalker database [S. H. Ferguson, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 116, 2365–2373 (2004)]. Specifically, talkers who did and did not report placing extra stress on keywords in clear speech were compared on a variety of duration, pitch, and amplitude metrics. Results will be discussed in terms of talker differences in awareness of and control of specific aspects of speech production. Clinical implications will also be discussed.


. A literature study was conducted in order to compare the effectiveness and cost of different reclamation procedures that may be employed after an accident on a nuclear facility takes place in which radioactive material is released to the atmosphere. A substantial anount of work has been done on reclaming soil and snow-covered surfaces. Using scrapers or other soil-moving equipment decontamination factors are 10-100. (The decontamin ation factor is the ratio of the contamination before to that after the decontamination procedure). However, information on decontamination of paved areas by simple methods such as firehosing and vacuum sweeping are poorly documented. Therefore, only a very uncertain figure in the range 2-10 can be given for the decontamination factor here. It is recommended that a major Abstract A literature study was conducted in order to compare the effectiveness and cost of dif ferent reclamation procedures that may be em ployed after an accident on a nuclear facility takes place in which radioactive material is released to the atmosphere. A substantial reclaming soil snow-covered Using scrapers or other soil-moving equipment decon tamination the contamination before to that after the decontamination pro firehosing and vacuum sive reducing


Patricia Mitchell and Jennifer Taylor discuss the novel case of Laushway v Messervey , dealing with the production of metadata, in which the Supreme Court of Nova Scotia concluded that the defendant was entitled to production of certain metadata from the plaintiff's computer, after balancing the defendant's right to disclosure against protection of the plaintiff's privacy. Index words: Canada; Nova Scotia Court of Appeal; evidence; metadata; relevance; production


The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Tangible, Reliability, Responsiveness, Assurance, and Emphaty on Customer satisfaction at Bima n Zain Cafe in Bangkalan Regency. By measuring service quality using Dineserv indikators based on 5 dimensions of service quality. This research was conducted with quantitative methods, the sampling technique used is nonprobability sampling with purposive sampling method as sample determination. The sample of this research was 100 respondents, and the population in this research are Bima n Zain Cafe's customers who have visited and made some purchase at Bima n Zain Cafe.The results of this study indicate that the Tangible variable has no positive and insignificant effect on customer satisfaction, the Reliability and Responsiveness variables have a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction. While Assurance and Emphaty have a positive but not significant effect on customers satisfaction. However, simultaneously, it has a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction of Bima n Zain in Bangkalan Regency.


Tentacle and tube foot are feeding and locomotor organs of sea cucumber A.japonicus,which have significant impact on its feeding and habitat selectivity.Methods of histology,histochemistry,TEM,and SEM technique were applied to study histological structures and secretory cells of them in this research.Besides,relationship between structures and functions of tentacle and tube foot was also discussed.The result revealed the histological structure of tentacle stem included cuticle,epidermis,loose connective tissue,dense connective tissue,nerve plexus,longitudinal muscle and mesothelium inside out.The basic structure of tentacle nodule was similar with that of stem,except that abdominal section of nodule epidermis was thickened.And those of tube foot disc were cuticle,epidermis,nerve plexus,connective tissue,ossicles plate and mesothelium.Acidic secretory cells were found in both organs.Besides,a kind of secretory cells containing granule vesicle on epidermis of nodule and ciliated non-secretory cells(CNS),support cells(SC),non-ciliated secretory cells(NCS) on that of tube foot disc were observed.


Krzysztof Kozłowski – the first head of the intelligence service newly es tablished in 1990 – in an interview discussing the first months of the activities of the Office of State Protection [Urząd Ochrony Państwa – UOP], admitted: "[...] We observed significant changes in regards to the embassy of the USSR, which employed 450 people. In the past, in Poland, operational officers who were fed up of working in the West, exhausted, and were thought to deserve some rest before retirement were employed. A nice city, good salary, access to Pe wex,1 easy work and everything was good. It was enough to pick up a re ceiver and make a phone call. There was big intelligence potential in Poland, but why use it when everything was handed to them on a plate?. When deci sions were made to replace, the embassy personnel with a network of young operational officers based on patterns existing in the West. So, at a time when the Americans and the Germans were observing us with a certain degree of reservation, disbelief and distrust, the Soviets, above everybody, classified our country as a western one. It is known that the USSR was first in all areas and this was no exception".2


This is the second of two chapters devoted to a special subclass of Tolerance Puzzles based on 'indiscernible modality', on which qualitative truths are automatically necesssary. This chapter develops our favoured solution to these puzzles, which involves denying the qualitativeness of properties like being a table. We introduce a metaphysical notion of "aboutness" which can be used to probe the sources of non-qualitativeness, and consider some special challenges that arise on the assumption that there could be new objects that aren't among the objects there actually are.


The dissertations undertaken herein, although they do not exhaust the road safety subject, they identify some significant factors affecting the level of safety on roads. This study focuses on the subject of PoRS in relation to selected elements of the system: user - vehicle – environment, due to traffic incidents being consequences of system imperfections.


Total of 90 random samples of meat meals represented by beef steaks, beef kofta and beef filets (30 of each, 90 gm for each sample) were collected from two different Egyptian hotels at Cairo governorate named A and B (45 of each). The collected samples were examined bacteriologically and chemically to determine their hygienic and keeping quality by counting APC, total Enterobacteriacae count, total coliform count and total Staphylococcal count, Salmonella count, as well as measuring pH, TVN and TBA. The mean values of APC(cfu/g), total Enterobacteriaceae counts(cfu/g), total coliform counts (cfu/g) and total Staph. aureus count (cfu/g)of the examined samples of meat meals from hotel (A) were 2.17×105±0.27×105, 1.06×104± 0.43×104, 1.06×104± 0.43×104and 8.26×103±1.49×103,respectively for beef steak, 8.84×104±2.13×104, 8.84×104±2.13×104, 6.52×103± 1.18×103, 1.76×103± 0.37×103and 3.64×103±0.71×103,respectively for beef kofta and 5.02×104±0.71×104, 5.02×104±0.71×104 2.31×103± 0.69×103, 8.14×102± 2.46×102 and 1.51×103±0.23×103, respectively for beef fillet, while for hotel (B), they were 7.15×104±1.44×104, 4.46×103± 0.88×103, 1.27×103± 0.19×103 and 3.82×103 ± 0.90×103, respectively for beef steak, 2.67×104±0.63×104, 1.09×103± 0.31×103, 6.82×102± 1.04×102 and 1.75×103±0.31×103, respectively for beef kofta and 6.96×103±1.20×103, 5.94×102± 1.25×102, 2.35×102± 0.60×102 and 7.33×102±1.24×102, respectively for beef fillet. From the present study, we concluded that meat meals can be contaminated by several ways such as incorrect thawing, inadequate cleaning and sanitation for utensils or post cooking contamination resulting in higher contamination with microorganisms and lower keeping quality measures, which leading to severe public health hazards.


Cecal fluid samples were collected immediately before the first meal in sterile C0 2 saturated flasks. Flasks were maintained at 4°C and immediately transported to the laboratory. Half a ml of appropriate decimal dilutions were inoculated anaerobically into 5 roll tubes (Hungate, 1950) containing cellulotytic or proteolytic media (for 11: 5 g cellulose MN 300 and 10 g casein respectively). Inoculated tubes were incubated for 7 d at 39°C and every colony was counted from rolltubes containing between 20-200 colonies.


With Homer's Iliadas the origin,the Hollywood film Troystrives to reconstruct the classical epic on the screen of today.Comparing Iliadwith Troy"from the ancient to the present","from god to people" and "from the crude to the exquisite",we can see both integration and estrangement between the two versions.This paper makes a comparative analysis and offers a new thinking way to reread and rewrite canon in the postmodernism environment.


Telehealth is strongly supported in policy rhetoric as being of economic significance to Australia, but a relative underdevelopment of evaluation standards opens debates on how e-health should develop in Australia. In this paper the authors discuss how using the Australian and New Zealand Telehealth Committee (ANZTC) telehealth evaluation methodology to evaluate a telehealth project in Victoria raises fundamental issues about the way in which considerations such as social contexts remain subsumed to primarily economic and technical considerations.


ABSTRACT Impact assessment (IA) is under pressure to respond to increasingly complex environmental challenges. This paper reflects on the future of IA and argues for a larger and more deliberate role for strategic assessment in response to the complexity and scale of problems being brought to the IA table. It also posits that the drivers for transformation in IA are likely to emerge from creative governance solutions external to IA, more so than from new IA tools, more data, or 'better' IA legislation.


This work, realized at the Cathedra of Iberian Studies of the Faculty of Philology, University of Belgrade, compiles the data on the reception of Cervantes' work in Serbia during 2005. The author's presence and the diffusion of his texts were analyzed through various artistic, scientific and cultural activities organized during the year. Special attention was paid to new translations of the Cervantine titles and recent critics. On the occasion of the commemoration, a complete bibliography of the edited material was elaborated as well.


This work studies the effect of system-level ESD on chip-level power integrity of ICs. The analysis reveals that isolating the ground nets of the various on-chip power domains impedes the cross-domain propagation of ESD-induced supply noise. Further analysis as well as circuit simulation show that an integrated voltage regulator (IVR) can provide increased immunity to ESD-induced supply noise, especially if the internally generated power supply does not utilize any PCB-level decoupling capacitors. However, the IVR's PMOS pass transistor may discharge the internally regulated supply if the IO supply domain collapses due to ESD. Key findings of the analysis are confirmed by measurements performed on two test chips which have differing IVR designs.


We investigate the properties of two "classical" EUV Imaging Telescope (EIT) coronal waves. The two source regions of the associated coronal mass ejections (CMEs) possess opposite helicities, and the coronal waves display rotations in opposite senses. We observe deep core dimmings near the flare site and also widespread diffuse dimming, accompanying the expansion of the EIT wave. We also report a new property of these EIT waves, namely, that they display dual brightenings: persistent ones at the outermost edge of the core dimming regions and simultaneously diffuse brightenings constituting the leading edge of the coronal wave, surrounding the expanding diffuse dimmings. We show that such behavior is consistent with a diffuse EIT wave being the magnetic footprint of a CME. We propose a new mechanism where driven magnetic reconnections between the skirt of the expanding CME magnetic field and quiet-Sun magnetic loops generate the observed bright diffuse front. The dual brightenings and the widespread diffuse dimming are identified as innate characteristics of this process.


In this issue, Limpitikul et al1 used the novel CRISPR interference (CRSPRi) strategy to suppress the expression of an arrhythmogenic mutant calmodulin (CaM) gene in human induced pluripotent cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CM). This mutant CaM (D130G) is linked with long-QT syndrome (LQTS).2 The main LQTS mechanism is via a loss in Ca2+ affinity of CaM, resulting in a loss of Ca-dependent inactivation of L-type Ca current (ICa) and hence prolongation of the ventricular action potential duration (Figure).2–4 Several other human CaM mutations have been linked with LQTS and seem likely to function at ICa in the same way (D96V, N98I, A103V, D130V, D134H, E141G, F142L).5 Indeed, all of these mutations are in the third and fourth Ca2+ binding domains of CaM, which are known to be critical in ICa inactivation.6 Human CaM mutations have also been linked to catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT), a phenotype that is mediated by inappropriate diastolic SR Ca release channel (ryanodine receptor 2 [RyR2]) activity (CaM-N54I, N98S, and A103V)7–9 and also by the promotion of late Na current (INaL; CaM-141G)5 and some degree of target overlap exists. For example, N98S and A103V promote both ICa and RyR2-mediated Ca leak, and E141G has effects on both ICa and INaL. Given the ubiquitous role of CaM in cellular Ca2+-dependent signaling, this is likely to be only the tip of the iceberg for CaM mutant effects, albeit highly apparent because of the strong arrhythmogenic …


This study is to realize the possibility by using ribosomal RNA gene to distinguish between Monascus spp. and between Monascus purpureus strains through the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) technique. The 5.8S rDNA and laterally flanked internal transcribed spacer (ITS) were successfully amplified by PCR from nine Monascus spp. with the universal primer and were between 540-630 bp in length. The PCR products were then cut by each of the seven restriction enzymes: HaeⅢ, DraⅠ, HindⅢ, EcoRⅠ, BamHⅠ, CfoⅠ, HinfⅠ, to obtained their RFLP profiles. The results demonstrated that HaeⅢ, DraⅠ and HindⅢ did not provide any cut and have no differential power. The RFLP profile obtained from M. prupureus, M. sanguineus, M albus, M. uber, M. pilosus and M. kaolian were similar except M. floridanus and so that these enzymes did not effectively provide differential power among Monascus spp. Besides, the colony color of M. floridanus grown on potato dextrose agar (PDA) was so different from the color, red or white, Obtained from the other Monascus spp. Used in this study. It seemed not probable to classify the M. floridanus into Monascus genus.


According to the distributing features and polluting rules of traffic noise in terms of space time and the study on the analysis of traffic noise evaluation,here we put forward the maxim sound grade when train is passing by as the assessment on urban mass transit.Based on the curve of noise distribution feature,we put forward a relative simplified calculation of equal sound grade.So we bring out the noise limitation suggestion which is suitable for urban mass transit environment by getting the agonizing value disturbing sleep value from the investigation on residence area beside Line.3.


In earlier papers Cristiani reported his experiments on the transplanting of thyroid grafts, and showed that such grafts became active functioning thyroid glands. The present paper records his observations on the powers of such grafts to withstand or recover from various inflammatory processes. The animals used were rabbits, guinea-pigs, and white rats. The grafts were placed in pockets formed between the skin and cartilage of the lobe of the ear, and allowed to remain various periods, from a few days to several months, before being submitted to experiment, so that some were only beginning to become revascularized, others were already active glands—" neothyroid glands." In one series of experiments cultures of streptococci from various sources were injected into and around the grafts. All became more or less inflamed; three suppurated; but on microscopic examination some months later, active thyroid tissue was found in all but one case, and it was a graft only some nine days old when the experiment was made. A second series of experiments was carried out with staphylococcus, coli bacillus, and bacillus pyocyaneus. After recovering from the more or less severe inflammation set up by the injections, active gland tissue was found in five out of seven cases; and in the two in which the gland tissue was destroyed by the inflammation the grafts were very young (three and seven days). Again, other " neothyroids " were burned with the thermo-cautery, others injected with irritant liquids, with results similar to the foregoing. These experiments therefore prove that thyroid grafts transplanted according to Cristiani's method grow to form glands which are stable and active, and are also capable of resisting and recovering from serious inflammatory lesions. Arthur J. Hutchison.


The Mayo Clinic laboratory group should be commended for developing a powerful tool to improve diagnosis of rare and potentially treatable neurologic conditions.


Wireless communication systems based on multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology have the potential to achieve increased spectral efficiency with no additional transmit power or bandwidth requirements. This can be achieved by exploiting the spatial subchannels between the multiple transmit and receive elements. The enhanced performance of MIMO technology makes it a strong candidate for ad hoc systems requiring very high throughput, such as high-definition multimedia streaming in the home. In this article we compare the performance of conventional and newly proposed MIMO architectures for such applications. Specifically designed antenna arrays are proposed as a solution to significantly reduced MIMO performance in line-of-sight (LoS) conditions. To help in the design of such systems, the criterion for achieving maximum MIMO capacity in LoS is presented as a function of the transmitter-to-receiver separation distance, the array orientation and the element spacings. The performance of the LoS-enhanced proposal and the conventional system is quantified in terms of the channel capacity, the packet error rate (PER) and the throughput by employing a MIMO-enabled WLAN physical layer simulator. The results from MIMO measurements performed inside an anechoic chamber and in an indoor environment are presented to validate the theoretic predictions


Objective To study the hemodynamic change of varicocele and its detection method by color Doppler ultrasound(CDU).Methods 287 cases with varicocele were examined by CDU.The CDU study was interpreted as positive if the regurgitation through internal spermatic vein(ISV) in abdominal inguinal ring to pampiniform plexus was observed on Valsalva maneuver in the supine,and erect position.24 cases underwent venography and 128 cases were confirmed by surgery.Results The detection of hemodynamic change of IVS from abdominal inguinal ring to root of scroum was help to distinguish the physiological reflux from pathological.The blood volume of reflux was directly influenced by the intensity of intra abdominal pressure on Valsalva maneuver.Conclusions The diameter of common femoral vein can be used as a consulting standard of effective abdomal pressure on Valsalva maneuver.According to the route of venous drainage,varicocele is divided into three types:reflux type,shunt type and stagnation type.


One of these things is not like the others, One of these things just doesn't belong, Can you tell which thing is not like the others By the time I finish my song? (1) INTRODUCTION It is not often that one begins to hum a familiar Sesame Street tune when reading Supreme Court opinions--but with Chief Justice John Roberts, you never know what you might get. His dissent in Alabama v. North Carolina (2) begins with a not-so-subtle jab, based on the children's game "One of these things is not like the others," that the question of allowing nonstate party intervenors in an original jurisdiction case in the Supreme Court should not have been a hard one. (3) But could the answer really be that simple? To address the question of intervenors, original jurisdiction itself must first be considered. Article III's language is familiar: "In all Cases affecting Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls, and those in which a State shall be a Party, the supreme Court shall have original Jurisdiction." (4) However, as both a practical and statutory matter, "the Supreme Court [obviously] does not have original jurisdiction over every case in which a state is a party." (5) Rather than remaining completely open-ended concerning cases involving states, this jurisdiction has been limited by Congress (6) to (1) controversies between states, (2) controversies between the United States and a state (in response to the decision in United States v. Texas (7)), and (3) cases where a state sues the citizens of another state. (8) This also comports with the Court's understanding of its role. (9) Noticeably absent from this grouping of scenarios is the possibility of a citizen suing a state. Though Article III could encompass such jurisdiction, the Supreme Court has controversially determined that, once Chisholm was allowed to sue Georgia, (10) the ratification of the Eleventh Amendment (11) ensured that a citizen could not sue a state in federal court under any circumstances--let alone in an original action of the Supreme Court. (12) As it stands, the Supreme Court hears original jurisdiction actions on an almost purely discretionary basis. (13) Chief Justice Rehnquist highlighted, in Mississippi v. Louisiana, (14) the progression of the Court's model. (15) Originally, the Court used "discretion not to accept original actions in cases within [its] nonexclusive original jurisdiction, such as actions by States against citizens of other States and actions between the United States and a State. [The Court has] since carried over its exercise to actions between two States, where [its] jurisdiction is exclusive." (16) Though state vs. state jurisdiction is statutorily committed to the exclusive original jurisdiction of the Supreme Court, the litigants must still pass a two part test in order to be granted leave to file on the Court's original docket. (17) However, "[w]hatever the Court's intention to limit the scope and exercise of its original jurisdiction, under a theory of strict construction it cannot refuse to entertain cases falling within its original jurisdiction if no other forum is available." (18) One thing left open to the Supreme Court was the question of intervention by nonstate parties in these original jurisdiction cases. Intervention is "the procedural device whereby a stranger can present a claim or defense in a pending action or in a proceeding incidental thereto, and become a party for the purpose of the claim or defense presented." (19) While it is apparent that the founders did not envision citizens being able to haul states into federal court, (20) they were silent as to those citizens presenting claims or defenses in matters that were already before the Court. Given the common-law pleading regime persistent at the time of the founding and code-pleading afterward, this is not surprising. (21) It is only with the rise of the transactional model and its more liberal ideas of intervention and case management that these types of questions arise. …


Beneficial effects through the administration of stem cells have been reported to stimulate therapeutic angiogenesis for ischemic disease. However, the underlying mechanisms are still poorly define...


Ultrasonic guided waves were widely used in aeronautics, pipeline, vessels and so on because of its long distance propagation and large range detection property. Due to the long distance propagation along waveguides, the guided waves were not only possessing the feature of ultrasonic bulk waves, but also dispersion and multi-mode characters, which limited detection effect of guided waves and increased the difficulty of feature recognition. Hence, dispersion suppression and multi-mode selection has been a research hotspot in international non-destructive testing field. It has great theoretical and realistic sense to research the dispersion and multi-mode for ultrasonic guided waves. In order to separate the different modes in guided waves signals, the morphology dictionary was constructed by different sub dictionaries, included gabor atoms, chirp atoms, wavelet atoms and discrete cosine atoms. The dictionaries proposed in this paper could be used to realize match pursuit decomposition and morphology decomposition and the morphology method could achieve more efficient results compared to match pursuit method. Furthermore, the separation of noisy by means of morphology method with discrete cosine atoms was presented and the rustles were satisfactory. The decomposition results were validated by simulation signals. The procedure inherited the advantages of sparse decompose method and could use different morphology dictionaries to decompose guided wave multi-mode signals effectively. The expansion of mode dictionaries will achieve accurate description for mode features, and could obtain capabilities to process complex multi modes signals, which reduced the complexity significantly in guided waves signals analysis.


XPS is a very useful technique to study physicochemical phenomena at the solid–solution interface. It is essential that the interface remains unaltered during sample preparation and analysis.


Purpose: To evaluate the potential of the hexane extract of Mikania glomerata against adult snails and embryos of Biomphalaria glabrata, and in young and adult worms of Schistosoma mansoni . Methods: Adult snails and embryos were kept in chlorinated water and exposed to the extract at concentrations of 12.5; 25; 50 and 100 µg/mL for 24 hours. After exposure, they were washed and observed using a microscope for seven days for analysis of mortality and malformations. Juvenile and adult worms were recovered by perfusion of the portal-hepatic system mice, cultured in RPMI medium with different concentrations of the extract for 72 hours, and viability was assessed using an inverted microscope. Results : M. glomerata caused death in adult snails only at a concentration of 100 µg/mL and showed a Lethal Concentration (LC 50 ) value higher than 100 µg/mL. For embryos was observed a reduction the  97.2 and 100% in embryos development at concentrations of 25, 50 and 100 ppm, and it demonstrated a LC 50 value the 29.64 µg/mL. For juvenile worms also was observed a reduction in viability of the parasites and showed a LC 50 value the 23.80 µg/mL at 24 hours. In adult worms was noted that the extract of M. glomerata caused a reduction in the viability of parasites and the LC 50 value was the 67.39 µg/mL at 24 hours.  Conclusion: Thus, this study opens perspectives for new studies in schistosomiasis control with natural products against B. glabrata and the life stages of the parasite S. mansoni .


The work is devoted to the analysis of the influence of indicators that determine the food security of the Russian Federation on the harmonious development of agriculture and agricultural territories. Harmonious development is based on the balance of the economy, ecology, social sphere on the basis of an axiological approach, which is based on the values of the population living in a particular territory. Since agriculture has its own specifics, among the indicators of food security, the indicators in the field of production and national competitiveness are of the greatest interest.


Earthquakes pose a considerable threat to lifeline systems in regions of high or moderate seismicity, such as Charleston, SC. In particular, in areas such as Charleston, where the last significant earthquake occurred over 120 years ago, most of the existing transportation facilities were designed with little to no seismic consideration. However, a growing public awareness of the seismic threat has motivated an assessment of the potential risk to the transportation network to support decision-making on mitigation strategies and emergency planning and preparedness efforts, such as emergency route (lifeline) selection. This paper presents the findings of the first phase of the project, which applies the seismic risk assessment framework with state-of-the-art tools and relevant data specific to the region of interest. This includes an inventory analysis of the roughly 340 bridges in Charleston County, and convolution of the seismic hazard with fragility curves analytically derived for classes of bridges common to this part of the country, and bridge damage-functionality relationships using region-specific data. The study includes assessment and comparison of the distribution of bridge damage for a number of different hazard levels or scenario events. The potential bridge functionality is also presented to aid in identification of emergency routes. The results provide insight for decision-makers as to the potential seismic risk to the transportation network in Charleston, and identification of emergency routes or regions in need of strengthening.


The effect of polyoxyethylated alkylpbenol (emulsifier OP), alkyl polyoxyethylene ether and alkyl quatermary ammonium salt on the stabilities of polysiloxane emulsion was investigated. The resucets show that: ①in the emulsion polymerization of octamethycycloterasiloxane(D_4) and NK-β-amino ethyl-γ-aminopropylmethyl dimethoxy si]ane, the cooperation effects can be produced by using of the composite emulsifier of ionic emulsifier alkyl polyoxyethyene ether/non-ionic emulsifier alkyl quaternary ammonium salt, and stabilities of the emulsion can be largely enhanced. ②the concentration of alkyl polyoxyethyene ether and alkyl quatemary ammonium salt being at 80 mL (0.05 g/mL) and 60mL (0.05 g/mL) respectively, the high stabilities of electrolyte, pH, freese-thaw, high temperature and centrifugalizing can be obtained.


Accurate range estimation and tracking of moving targets are important tasks in urban sensing. A dual-frequency radar, which estimate the range of a target based on the phase difference between two closely spaced frequencies, has been shown to be a cost-effective method to accomplish both tasks. When the data is processed using time-frequency analysis, phase difference and Doppler frequency signatures can be simultaneously obtained with noise resistance and target discrimination capability. In this paper, we consider robust range estimation based on Kalman filter that inherently fuses the phase difference and Doppler frequency information. Significant performance improvement is observed through simulation and real measurement examples.


Mass incarceration is characterized by comparatively and historically extreme rates of imprisonment in the United States, which rose drastically from the early 1970s through 2007 or so. Disproportionately affecting young, Black men from neighborhoods of concentrated disadvantage, many factors contributed to the steady increase in incarceration from the early 1970s forward. While rising crime rates and harsh societal attitudes toward those convicted of crimes played a part, scholars largely argue that increases in both the likelihood of imprisonment for committing a crime and the length of prison sentences drove the increase in incarceration. Supported by more-intensive and place-based forms of policing, individuals and entire communities faced increasing contact with the criminal justice system. Underlying these policy changes lay deeper social, political, and economic drivers, which often varied by state or other jurisdictions. Ultimately, policy changes mandating longer sentences for repeat offenses (such as three-strike laws) and state and federal laws that increased the length of prison sentences for drug-related and violent crime led to a rising incarceration rate, which meant that far more Americans were serving time and for much-longer sentences than ever before. While the rate of incarceration for men has started to decline slightly, rates for women have risen. During the first two decades of the 21st century, researchers have increasingly focused their efforts on understanding and documenting the collateral consequences of mass incarceration. Beyond the individuals directly impacted, incarceration affects the lives of children and families, neighborhoods, communities, and broader society. Individuals and families especially experience detrimental effects in the education, labor market, and health spheres, while communities suffer "spillover effects," with even those not directly touched by incarceration affected. With nearly one in thirty-six adults living under some form of correctional supervision (whether in prison or jail, or on probation or parole), and many others "marked" by their past experience with the system, mass incarceration has touched the lives of millions of Americans. Further, racial disparities throughout each phase of the criminal justice system, including in policing, arrest, conviction, and sentencing, have resulted in Americans of color disproportionately experiencing incarceration and its attendant effects. As such, mass incarceration is understood to be a major contributor to 21st-century American inequality along lines of race, class, and gender.


The normal function of the retina is crucially dependent on an adequate perfusion and oxygenation of the tissue. Thus, it does not come as a surprise that ocular blood flow is very well autoregulated. It is known for a long time that the retinal circulation, and to some extent also the chorodial circulation can compensate for changes in ocular perfusion pressure in order to keep blood flow constant. This is usually referred to as an autoregulatory response of these vascular beds. However, the ocular circulation also responds to changes in oxygen tension. For example, breathing of pure oxygen leads to a pronounced vasoconstriction of the retinal vessel, indicating that the ocular circulation also adapts to changes in oxygen tension. This talk aims to summarize our current evidence of the role of oxygen in ocular blood flow regulation and how this may relate to ocular pathologies such as glaucoma or diabetic retinopathy.


9AP9-8 – Table 1. Average (Av) values for each analysis period LOC Maintenance Without SS Maintenance With SS PropCe (ug/ml) RemiCe (ng/ml) AvBIS (10min post-LOC) AvPropCe (ug/ml) AvRemiCe (ng/ml) AvBIS AvPropCe (ug/ml) AvRemiCe (ng/ml) AvBIS 3.7±1.2*# 2.5 46.9±7.5 2.3±0.8* 1.1±0.6† 47.4±7.2 2.4±0.8# 3.6±1.3† 46.3±4.2 Prop and Remi targets were adjusted to keep BIS of 40-60. RugloopII® software was used. There were 3 study stages: moment of LOC, maintenance without SS (10 min prior to incision), and maintenance with SS (surgery). Wilcoxon and paired sample t-test were used (P<0.01); data: mean ± SD. Results and Discussion: We studied 38 patients: 52±17 years, 67±12kg, 164±10cm, 20 male, ASA 1-3, Glasgow 15. BIS did not differ in the 3 study stages. PropCe atLOC was higher than the required for maintenance, with and without SS. Also, the higher the PropCe at LOC, the larger the difference between this and the concentrations required for maintenance. Figure 1. Relation between the propofol effect-site concentration at LOC and the propofol required during maintenance with and without surgical stimulus. The higher the propofol effectsite concentration at LOC, the larger the difference between this and the concentration required for maintenance, without and with surgical stimulus. RemiCe was higher for for maintenance with SS. Conclusion(s): PropCe needed for LOC was much higher than PropCe required for maintenance (both with and without surgery) in spite of equal BIS. Higher RemiCe at maintenance with SS could partially explain this. Also, the higher the PropCe needed for LOC, the larger the difference between PropCe at LOC and PropCe required for maintenance. This knowledge is important to help design closed-loop anesthesia software and to better understand the physiologic and Pk mechanisms of inductcion and maintenance of anesthesia. This may provide individualized information to help guide anesthesia. Acknowledgements: Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, Portugal. References: 1 Anesthesiology, 1997, 86: 24–33. 2 Anesthesiology, 1998, 88: 1170–82.


As I watched the President's State of Union address in January, I was struck that he, like Presidents before him, was making a promise for energy independence. In more than 20 of the last 34 State of Union addresses since 1973, Presidents have tried to fix the nation's energy problems.


lthough each deep-space mission is unique in design and accomplishment, all spacecraft carry payloads and need subsystems to provide command and data-handling capability, propulsion, structural support, thermal protection, guidance and control, power, and telecommunications. Add flight software to operate the craft and fault protection to maintain health and safety when the craft is far from home, and one has the generic in-flight components of a deep-space mission. Whereas the coordination of these various elements in all cases clearly demands a systems approach, the technical and budgetary constraints imposed on the MESSENGER mission (MErcury Surface, Space ENvironment, GEochemistry, and Ranging) and the distant and extreme environment in which it is meant to operate posed a special challenge for the systems engineering team at the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory. The MESSENGER mission was the seventh selected in NASA's Discovery Program of relatively low-cost missions. The mission's goal is to answer a number of guiding science questions about the nature of Mercury by becoming the first spacecraft to orbit the innermost planet. None of the challenges facing the designers of this mission could be addressed without considering the other challenges, and an extraordinary amount of interplay and a large number of trades among discipline areas were necessary to develop a viable concept. JHU/APL led the development, integration, and testing of the spacecraft and provided five of the seven scientific instruments. A MESSENGER Challenges The primary requirement was to use a launch vehicle no larger than a Delta-II 7925-H, which can lift a maximum of 1,100 kg into an interplanetary trajectory. The amount of mass available for the spacecraft and its payload depended on the quantity of propellant required to reach, capture, and maintain the craft in an acceptable orbit. Although Mercury is not remote from Earth by planetary standards, it is rather difficult to orbit because of the sizable velocity change needed to lower the vehicle's speed relative to Mercury to allow it to enter orbit about the planet. In order to minimize the use of propellant, mission planners determined that by utilizing gravity assists from six planetary flybys and by conducting five deep-space maneuvers, the spacecraft could be poised to enter orbit in a little more than six and a half years from launch (figure 1). The long duration of this cruise period mandated that critical subsystems be made redundant to lower the risk of single-point failures. The MESSENGER command and data-handling system, for example, employs redundant integrated electronics modules, each with a main processor and a fault-protection processor that monitors the main processor and most other units on the spacecraft for health and safety. To answer the six guiding science questions, mission planners chose a suite of seven instruments such that each question is addressed by more than one instrument, and each instrument addresses more than one question. The amount of propellant required to accomplish the MESSENGER mission design was approximately 600 kg, which left slightly more than 500 kg for the spacecraft. With mass clearly the primary driver of the subsystem designs, innovation was required to accomplish subsystem tasks. The propulsion system was integrated into a graphite-cyanate ester structure, which was carefully designed to transfer loads in such a way that the composite panels could be thin relative to their size. The MESSENGER mechanical team and subcontractors collaboratively developed custom-made, lightweight, 0.5 to 1.0 mm thick titanium tanks and embedded them into the structure; they also embedded the 17 variously sized thrusters that were required to accomplish the numerous trajectorycorrection maneuvers. A large velocity-adjust engine was used for the deep-space maneuvers. MESSENGER: An Extreme Systems Engineering Challenge


Eco-tourism has attracted more and more attention.Eco-tourism brings much benefit to the society and economic development,but at the same time brings some potential risks.If there is a lack of policy and plan,the development of eco-tourism also causes extensive environmental pollution and social problem.Responsible development of the eco-tourism has been an international consensus and it needs to adopt an approach of governance.The paper expounds the meaning of eco-tourism,makes a comparative study on experiences of eco-tourism governance in advanced countries.In the end,the author put forwards several policy recommendations to improve governance of eco-tourism in China.


The effects of reaction conditions such as feeding ratio,temperature,time,pressure and agitator etc on the percentage yield of DHP were studied.The optimum processing conditions and composition method were obtained.


Residual stresses in the middle zone of a long multilayered cylinder can be determined experimentally using layer growing/removing method. In this paper the finite element code ANSYS is applied for computing the components of residual stress in the end zone of the multilayered cylinder from initial stresses in the middle zone from strain measurements on the free surface or from X-ray diffraction measurements on the cylinder's moving surface. An example of application is presented.


The motivation behind this study lies in adapting acoustic noise monitoring systems for road tra ffi c monitoring for driver's safety. Such a system should recognize a vehicle type and weather-related pavement conditions based on the audio level measurement. The study presents the e ff ectiveness of the selected machine learning algorithms in acoustic-based road tra ffi c monitoring. Bases of the operation of the acoustic road tra ffi c detector are briefly described. Principles of several machine learning algorithms, data acquisition process, and information about the dataset built are explained. The study is conducted using the audio recordings prepared by the authors, registered in several locations and under di ff erent meteorological conditions of the road surface. For each recording containing a single-vehicle passage, a vector of 67 parameters extracted from the audio signal is calculated. Fisher Linear Discriminant Analysis and Regression Analysis, the fastest among algorithms employed, return the following values of accuracy: 0.968 and 0.978, precision: 0.919 and 0.853, recall: 0.882 and 0.974, and F1-score: 0.898 and 0.868 for vehicle type classification. In the case of the road pavement conditions, the obtained metrics are as follows: accuracy of 0.933, precision of 0.898, recall of 0.9, and F1-score of 0.884. / licenses / by-nc-nd / 4.0 / ) Peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the KES International.


Differential equations based on the A.V. Lykov's theory of heat and mass transfer to describe the transfer of temperature, humidity and pressure in the drying facilities have been formulated. Then the system of equations is formulated in finite elements.


We employ a quasi-continuum method to characterize the deformation morphologies of monolayer graphene under indentation. The method involves casting the atomistic interaction potentials into the constitutive relations at the continuum level, thereby facilitating large-scale simulations with atomistic fidelity. Our simulations mapped out different morphological phases under indentation, depending on the indentation depth, the graphene–substrate adhesion strength and the graphene size. We carefully characterized the rippling phase and found that the wave number of the periodic rippling is dependent on the graphene–substrate adhesion strength and the graphene size, but not on the indentation depth. The simulation results provide new insights into the structural instability of graphene.


In this paper we put forward a new solution of the well-known problem of relevant logics,i.e., we construct an atomic entailment. Hence, we construct a system of predicate calculus based on the atomic entailment. Next, we establish the definition of atomic inconsistency. The atomic inconsistency establishes an infinite class of inconsistent, but non-trivial systems. In this paper we construct the new definition of the classical entailment, into the bargain.


The invention discloses a highway double-guide-beam bridge erecting machine and a turning method. The bridge erecting machine comprises longitudinal guide beams, a front support leg, a rear support leg and a rear propping device, wherein the longitudinal guide beams comprise two rows of parallel space trusses with the same structure and size, a front frame is installed between the front end parts of the two rows of space trusses, an upper rear cross beam is installed between the rear end parts, and the front frame and the upper rear cross beam are used for integrating the two rows of space trusses into a whole. The turning method comprises the following steps of: (1) preprocessing the upper rear cross beam; (2) removing part of rods of the front frame; (3) installing the preprocessed upper rear cross beam; (4) removing and hoisting the front support leg; (5) installing a removed lower front cross beam; (6) interchanging the front support leg and the rear support leg; and (7) subsequently processing. The bridge erecting machine has the advantages of reasonable design, simple turning method, fewer removing and installing components, convenient front end and rear end interchange and low investment cost; and the defects of long consumed time, high economical investment, great potential safety hazards, heavy labor intensity, construction period delay and the like of the traditional bridge erecting machine and the turning method are overcome.


PURPOSE: A control device of a laser processing system and a control method thereof are provided to improve processing accuracy and to process work piece quickly by increasing responsiveness and by performing laser processing in relatively moving a table with laser. CONSTITUTION: A laser processing system has a table supporting a work piece, and a laser irradiating a laser beam to workpiece. A control device of the laser processing system is composed of a motor driver(150) driving a motor for moving a table or the laser, a first control unit(160) controlling the motor driver and relatively moving the table with the laser, and a second control unit(170) receiving information on relative position of both the table and the laser from the motor driver and turning on and off power of the laser according to the information of position. The second control unit turns on and off the power of the laser in moving the table and the laser relatively at constant speed.


The requirements for an online high density magnetic tape data storage system that can be implemented in a multipurpose, multihost environment is set forth. The objective of the mass storage system is to provide a facility for the compact storage of large quantities of data and to make this data accessible to computer systems with minimum operator handling. The results of a market survey and analysis of candidate vendor who presently market high density tape data storage systems are included.


At present, a very topical environmental problem is the increase in the formation of industrial and solid municipal waste (ISMW). This leads to a deterioration of the ecological situation, and, consequently, threatens human life and health, has a detrimental effect on the biosphere as a whole. Therefore, a special place in the organization of rational use of natural resources should take a comprehensive system of measures for the processing and utilization of various man-made materials that are the product of human production. The purpose of research and development projects is the creation of resource-saving technology, technological systems and special equipment for integrated processing and recycling of various man-made materials. One of the conditions for the implementation of resource-saving technology is the use of internal energy and material resources of the processing plant.


Abstract This article examines Chapter Three of Pope Francis' apostolic exhortation, Evangelii Gaudium, specifically his explanation of the meaning of the mission of God to proclaim the gospel throughout the world of which the church is custodian. Chapter Three addresses the issue of evangelising in the context of the contemporary world. In a subtle but clear way, it paints a contrast between previous approaches to evangelisation with their shortcomings and the callfor fresh ones, or a "new evangelisation. " In the physical centre of the document, Chapter Three of Evangelii Gaudium ties together the discussion on the contemporary challenges facing mission in the first two chapters, and the practical needs of the undertaking in the last two. It emphasises the necessity of comprehensive "inculturation" with reference to everything pertaining to evangelisation. Finally, it offers guidelines about preaching an effective homily, an important dimension of ongoing catechesis and church transformation. Introduction: The Missionary Nature of the Church An essential aspect of the Christian faith and church is the instruction to "go and make disciples of all nations" (Matt. 28:19-20, Mark 16:15, Acts 1:8). Throughout the Christian centuries, this mandate has generally been understood to derive from the mind and will of the resurrected Jesus Christ himself. With only sporadic and minor exceptions, the directive has rarely been disputed, but has rather received universal acceptance within the church. Actually, historically, it defines the church's identity. The thinking of the Second Vatican Council (1962-1965)--in particular, the documents on the church (Fumen Gentium), the church in the modern world (Gaudium et Spes), and the church's missionary activity (Ad Gentes)--identifies the church with its evangelizing duty. The council begins to understand the church openly as an entity existing to carry out God's mission of salvation, a sense that has consistently characterized the church's self-perception as well as that of others toward it. Thus Vatican II affirms in the same vein, "The pilgrim Church is missionary by her very nature, since it is from the mission of the Son and the mission of the Holy Spirit that she draws her origin, in accordance with the decree of God the Father" (1)([paragraph] 2). Pope Francis' recent apostolic exhortation, Evangelii Gaudium (EG), (2) describes Jesus' instruction to the church to proclaim the gospel, to teach "everything I have commanded you" (Matt. 28:20) as a fundamental character of the church, which, therefore, has to be "permanently in a state of mission" ([paragraph] 25). (3) Specifically in Chapter Three, which forms the subject of this review, he details the meaning and method of mission for today. Background of Chapter Three of Evangelii Gaudium Whereas the mandate to the church to proclaim the gospel everywhere and make disciples is indisputable, there has been considerable debate about the historical methods of or approaches to mission. Specifically, since the beginning of the 20th century, the discussion critiqued mental perceptions as well as predominant practical procedures employed previously in the endeavour. The examination of these methods gradually led to a significant shift in attitudes toward Christian mission. The criticism of missionary attitudes and methods originated in secular sources, external to the church. The increasing awareness in the world of the human and cultural dignity of all peoples, regardless of cultural and other differences, constituted the foundation of this dissatisfaction, the weight of which the church could not ignore. For example, this recognition challenged the outlook of missionary agents from Europe in the regions of the global South, who had held the peoples and cultures of those to whom they were proclaiming the gospel in very low esteem. Consecrating their own cultures as the only vehicle for the intellectual translation and concrete expression and appropriation of Jesus' message, most early evangelizers of non-European populations inadvertently fell into the trap of what Pope Francis characterizes as "more fanaticism than true evangelizing zeal" ([paragraph] 117). …


I begin by solving a puzzle about the Meditations. The Meditations give two arguments for mind-body distinctness one ("Sep") from the conceivability of thought without extension (AT VII, 78; HR I, i9o),' one ("Div") involving the indivisibility of mind (AT VII, 85-86; HR I, i96). It is customary to regard the former as the intended proof of dualism in Descartes, while seeing the latter as an ancillary argument. I have, however, shown elsewhere that this is wrong. The two arguments are alike structurally and in their basic principles.' But this raises a problem. Descartes does treat his arguments unequally, making Sep more prominent in the Meditations and entirely omitting Div from the Principles. What explains his favoritism if the arguments are on a par? The answer does not heavily depend on any particular analyses of Sep and Div. I think a simple look at the arguments suffices to suggest that they differ in the specific contents of two analogous premises that read roughly as follows:


Recent years have witnessed the successful application of domain adaptive methods to tackle intelligent fault diagnosis of rotating machinery under variable working conditions. However, existing work always ignores the learning of feature discriminability when developing transferable models based on domain-invariant representation learning strategies. In addition, they have difficulty handling the knowledge transfer between domains with significant differences. To address these problems, an adaptive mixup-based adversarial network (AMAN) is proposed in this paper. It develops an inter-domain mixup method based on the sample adaptive screening strategy to generate high-quality virtual samples to guide domain adaptation while improving the learned feature representations' discriminability. The comprehensive results of numerous DA diagnosis tasks built on the gearbox dataset validate AMAN's effectiveness and application prospect.


In some applications such as digital video broadcasting, video is transmitted over a low capacity channel with lower frame rates. The lower the frame rate, the jerkier or unevener the video motion would be noticed. To solve this problem, frame rate up conversion (FRUC) is employed to increase the frame rate. In this paper, we propose a new FRUC method using the nonlocal-means estimator. In this method, a pixel is reconstructed as a weighted linear combination of pixel pairs in its adjacent frames. The pixels of each pair are temporally symmetric from the view point of the pixel being interpolated. The weights are calculated based on the self-similarity assumption. To reduce the computational complexity, we calculate the weights of linear combination for each super-pixel. Experimental results show the superior performance of our proposed method in comparison to the existing methods.


'Aifeng' was choosen as the experimental material.The yield,Vc and protein content of Phaseolus vulgaris treated with different concentrations of seed dressing were determined.The results showed the yield and Vc content of Phaseolus vulgaris treated with rhizobia and ammonium molybdate were higher than the comparison.The protein content was lower than the comparison.In conclusion,the treatment of rhizobia 500 g/667 m2 and ammonium molybdate 30 g/667 m2 was better than other treatments.


We propose an extension of binary session types with interleaved sessions that work similar to interrupts. The participants in a session register a set of trigger predicates that are associated with local protocols. When a trigger fires, all participants switch simultaneously to the interleaved protocol and return to the original protocol afterwards. The use of interleaved sessions enables the elegant specification of protocols that are otherwise cumbersome to specify.


The work presented in this dissertation investigates techniques for robot Learning from Demonstration (LFD). LFD is a well established approach where the robot is to learn from a set of demonstrati ...


An abstract psychology of &dquo;possession,&dquo; studying mental elements, and not human personalities as living wholes, can contribute little to the understanding of humour, or to any other aspect of human behaviour. For this purpose an interpretation must replace the causal explanation. Instead of increasing the number of facts to be observed, one has to select those which are significant and discover their meaning. Studying the whole, indivisible and unique person and his social embeddedness, one will find out how he uses his mental endow-


IT WOULD BE DIFFICULT TO CONCEIVE of a compliment that would have been more deeply appreciated by the author Der Nister ("the Hidden One," Pinkhes Kahanovitsh, 1884-1950) than to say that his stories resist conventional modes of interpretation. They are impenetrable and private narratives written by an elitist for an elite audience; they are at odds completely with the popular conception of what Yiddish fiction should express, and how it should convey meaning. As David Roskies has written, "Unlike previous Yiddish writers who tried to pass themselves off as preachers, pietists, or folk philosophers, Der Nister donned the cloak of Jewish mystic, high priest, or prophet, the better to explore the universal reaches of creation, revelation, and redemption. He delighted, moreover, in mixing poetry and prose, cosmology and folklore, and made religious syncretism into the gospel of a new idealistic religion."1 The complexity of these stories' heterogeneous symbol-systems further inten sifies when the reader considers the author's artistic development as a whole. Examining the progression from a serious and mystical saga such as "A Bove-mayse, or a Tale of Kings" (1920) to the grotesque and nihilistic burlesque "Under a Fence: A Revue" (1929), the reader confronts an unstable literary landscape, an aesthetic hell-bent on dismantling itself. It is, of course, possible to offer interpretations of individual stories and their arrangement of symbols through psychological, political, or religious vocabularies. Such readings are unsatisfying, however, because the isolation of one mode of discourse or metaphor imposes an arbitrary


At a choice of game role it is extremely important to consider psycho physiological players features; however, these cases are neglected in volleyball practice. Here it is necessary to consider not only what the player is able to do, the main turn who he is as the person, in fact many personal characteristics are predetermined by a genotype which is impossible to reconstruct. Properties of nervous system, temperament and character, finally, define success of players volleyball game activity.


With the emphasis on using groups to solve complicated societal and environmental challenges today, understanding the process of group creativity is extremely important. By identifying team composition variables that enhance the group creative processes and in turn predict greater group performance, organizations will be better able to design and facilitate problem solving groups. The current study examined how group creativity mediates the relationship between expert-mediated exploration, operationalized as variance in openness to new experience, extroversion, and self-esteem, and group performance, operationalized as group added value. Seventy-five 3-person groups from a university in the Pacific Northwest participated in the study (mean age 20.7 years). Participants completed two survival tasks, first individually and then as a group. The relationships between the identified variables were assessed using structural equation modeling. Results revealed an indirect relationship between expert-mediated exploration and group-added value, as mediated by group creativity. Possible explanations, implications, limitations, and suggestions for future research are discussed. Degree Type Dissertation Rights Terms of use for work posted in CommonKnowledge. Comments Library Use: LIH This dissertation is available at CommonKnowledge: http://commons.pacificu.edu/spp/170 Copyright and terms of use If you have downloaded this document directly from the web or from CommonKnowledge, see the "Rights" section on the previous page for the terms of use. If you have received this document through an interlibrary loan/document delivery service, the following terms of use apply: Copyright in this work is held by the author(s). You may download or print any portion of this document for personal use only, or for any use that is allowed by fair use (Title 17, §107 U.S.C.). Except for personal or fair use, you or your borrowing library may not reproduce, remix, republish, post, transmit, or distribute this document, or any portion thereof, without the permission of the copyright owner. [Note: If this document is licensed under a Creative Commons license (see "Rights" on the previous page) which allows broader usage rights, your use is governed by the terms of that license.] Inquiries regarding further use of these materials should be addressed to: CommonKnowledge Rights, Pacific University Library, 2043 College Way, Forest Grove, OR 97116, (503) 352-7209. Email inquiries may be directed to:. firstname.lastname@example.com This dissertation is available at CommonKnowledge: http://commons.pacificu.edu/spp/170 The Effects of Expert-Mediated Exploration on Group Creativity and Group Decision Quality A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF SCHOOL OF PROFESSIONAL PSYCHOLOGY PACIFIC UNIVERSITY, FOREST GROVE, OREGON BY Talya Steinberg, M.S. IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PSYCHOLOGY July 25, 2011


We present a structured reformulation of
the seminal algorithm for automatic generation of test
cases for a context-free grammar. Our reformulation
simplifies the algorithm in several ways. First, we
provide a structured reformulation so that it is obvious
where to proceed at each step. Second, we partition
the intricate third phase into five functions, so
that the discussion and comprehension of this phase
can be modularized. Our implementation of the algorithm
provides information about the grammatic,
syntactic and semantic correctness of the generated
test cases for two important languages in use today:
C and C++.
The results of our study of C and C++ highlight
a lacuna latent in the research to date. In particular,
if one or more of the automatically generated
test cases is syntactically or semantically incorrect,
then the confidence of structural \coverage" may be
compromised for the particular grammar-based tool
under test. Our ongoing work focuses on a solution
to this problem.


As a rule,it is prior for large-scale projects to avoid strong earthquake areas.Thus there are little researches on the failure condition of rock mass in strong earthquake areas.The Daliushu dam is locates in the VIII potential seismic region,where the rock mass has been damaged by earthquake many times in history.Different from the general rock mass,it is characterized by dynamo-relaxed rock mass.Rock mass elastic wave velocity is the synthesized reflection of rock quality,rock mass structure,and rock mass existing environment.Quantities of in-situ wave velocity tests have been carried out at the site of Daliushu dam,among which cave wall wave velocity tests on 261 segments,in-between caves rock mass penetrating wave velocity tests on 65 fans,and in-between caves rock mass CT penetrating wave velocity tests on 6 sections.Compared with other dam sites,it is found that the wave velocity of rock mass at the site of Daliushu dam is obviously low,and it is generally equivalent to the wave velocity of weathered strip and faultage of other dam sites.What′s more,its cave wall wave velocity,the in-between caves rock mass penetrating wave velocity,and the in-between caves rock mass CT penetrating wave velocity have no distinctive difference,which is the specific characteristic of dynamo-relaxed rock mass.Comparison between rock mass elastic wave velocity and rock mass basic quality evaluation BQ shows that there′s a good linear relation between them.The wave velocity reflects the rock mass quality in the tested area.


The impact of (100 to 500 Gy) of γ-irradiation on M2 plants of three cultivars of soybean and their association with ISSR fingerprinting have been studied. Morphological variation was scored as plant size, roots nodule formation, leaf shape, size and colour, pod shape, seed hilum colour, testa surface texture and testa colour. Ten ISSR primers successfully amplified 137 reliable markers. In general, reduction in polymorphic markers were associated with increased γ-irradiation doses for the three soybean cultivars. Pearson correlation coefficient indicated that the number of unique and polymorphic markers are generally correlated with the visible variations in some morphological traits which may be regarded as potential mutations. These findings indicate the importance of assessing changes in phenotypic traits, induced by mutagens, and their associated genetic markers.


Dean E m eritus Robert C. Disque h as in troduced to Drexel a plan which will enable s tudents who fail a course to make it up without losing the time involved in waiting unti l the course is again offered. W ith the curriculum arranged as it is now, a s tuden t who fails a course in the fall term may not be able to take it again unti l the nex t fall. Because of the re  qu irem ent of needing the course he failed as a prerequis ite to take an o ther course, the s tuden t will have to go into industry and pos sibly postpone his g radua tion for a year. Until about six years ago. It was possible for a s tuden t who failed a course to take a re-exam w ith in a certain period of time and receive credit for the course by passing the re-exam. This a r  rangem en t was abolished because i t did not work well. F or some time now, Dean Disque has been concerned with the ab  sence of any plan which would enable a s tuden t to make up a course w ithout losing time. He now offers the following plan. 1. To be oHsible, a s tuden t can fa ll only ono sub.|ect. The m ust be above 55. 2. An Industry s tuden t nuiy come to study un d er the supi*rvlsion of Dean Disque each S a tu r  day m orning for one te rm . S tu  d en ts In school may study u n d er D ean Disque's supervision du ring th e W ednesday afte rnoon activity period. 8. A t the end of tlu» te rm , the s tuden t will ta k e an exam ination. FAILURES on Page 3 "Bus Ads" To Get Their Day


At present,the public transportation in Changzhutan urban agglomeration faces some predicaments, such as the integration of public transportation is at low degree; the management is lag behind; the public always disobey the transport rules; and the urban planning is not reasonable. Based on "two-oriented"social perspective,we can improve the public transport system of Changzhutan urban agglomeration by the following countermeasures,such as: accelerating the public transportation integration of Changzhutan urban agglomeration,improving the level of road traffic management,and constructing " two- oriented society " green public traffic system,etc.


This study focuses on developing discontinuous use of computer intentions, namely behavioral intentions in the termination phase, in the context of software engineering lessons, where AMIK Indonesia educational institutions use curriculum with more practice than learning material and this shows a very important role, it is hoped this research also add insight and knowledge of researchers and computer practicum lecturers to control student behavior in absorbing material so that competencies are aligned with the aims of practicum learning so as to produce quality graduates. This research was conducted at AMIK Indonesia Banda Aceh. The population in this study were all active students at the University. With a purposive sampling technique involving 60 respondents through survey methods, and data analyzed with SmartPLS. The results of this study indicate the positive and negative impacts caused by computer practicum learning on student behavior at AMIK Indonesia. Practically, this research is useful in developing the design of computer lab learning governance which is the basis of material in institutions that involve a lot of practicum and computer usage. Improvement of computer practicum learning curriculum, in particular, is expected to have a large impact on the quality of these students but strengthening the material and reducing assignments by involving cases in the field will make students understand and easily learn the practical material itself.Keywords:Analysis, Impact, Technostress, Learning, Practicum.


A spreadsheet tool and underlying model was developed to aid non-expert users in sizing off- or on-grid photovoltaic systems with battery back-up for office applications in Africa. The tool offers the user a number of choices which help in the decision process. The model is based on the concept of energy equivalence and extended by taking into account nonideal behaviours of photovoltaic system components, modelled as efficiency deviations. The spreadsheet tool uses freely available data, such as PV system component manufacturer's data sheets, as well as climatic data from the NASA SSE database. The irradiation data on the plane-of-array is calculated for the chosen location using the well established HDKR irradiation model. The obtained irradiation and energy output were compared to free services from Soda-is and the HOMER sizing software. The predicted energy output comparison of identical off-grid photovoltaic systems per location for two sites in Africa were within 14% of the value given by HOMER. A "performance ratio"-equivalent efficiency was calculated as part of the model. This intuitive approach to photovoltaic system sizing reduces the learning curve for non-expert users. The predicted "performance ratio"-equivalent efficiency can be used as a predictive analytic


FNIRS was used to monitor the physiological changes in the PFC of 10 high school students given a verbal test. Lateral prefrontal cortex, responsible for working memory was observed to be the most activated region.


High-risk multisystem organ (RO+) Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) has the least survival. We present the outcome of RO+ LCH in a pediatric single center. Fifty RO+ LCH patients, treated between 07/2007 and 07/2015, were retrospectively analyzed. Induction vinblastine (VBL) and prednisone (PRED) with intermediate-dose methotrexate (idMTX) was adopted until 2012 (n=20) wherein idMTX was omitted (n=30). The 3-year overall survival (OS) of MTX and non-MTX groups was 75% and 63%, respectively, P=0.537, while the event-free survival (EFS) was 36.9% and 13.2%, respectively, P=0.005. At week 12 of induction, "better status" was obtained in 80% of those receiving MTX, and 55% of those who were not. The statistically significant factors associated with both poor OS and EFS were trihemopoietic cytopenias, hepatic dysfunction, tri RO+ combination, and single induction. The factors associated with disease progression (DP) on induction were trihemopoietic cytopenias, hepatic dysfunction, and lack of idMTX, while those for disease reactivations (REA), the season of autumn/winter, lung disease, male sex, and idMTX were the associated factors. The 1-year OS was remarkably affected with the occurrence of DP versus REA versus none, wherein it was 47%, 93%, and 95%, respectively, P=0.001. In conclusion, idMTX is associated with better EFS. DP on induction remains of dismal prognosis in relation to disease REA afterwards. Risk stratification should highlight the role of trihemopoietic cytopenias, hepatic dysfunction, tri RO+, central nervous system risk site, and lung association.


Abstract: 3‐Methoxytyramine (3‐MT), normally a minor metabolite of 3,4‐dihydroxyphenylethylamine (dopamine) in brain, becomes the sole product of metabolism following the administration of a monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor. A simplified reverse‐phase HPLC method for 3‐MT employing electrochemical detection is fully described. This method has a detection limit of 0.1 μg/g brain wet weight and is sensitive enough to detect 3‐MT in individual brain regions after rats have been pretreated with an MAO inhibitor. Administration of tranylcypromine (TCP, 10 mg/kg) and L‐3,4‐dihydroxyphenylalanine (L‐DOPA) (10‐50 mg/kg) produced a dose‐dependent linear increase in 3‐MT concentrations in the dopaminergjc brain regions n. cauda‐tus (r = 0.95; p < 0.01) and n. accumbens (r = 0.96; p <0.01). This treatment also produced a dose‐dependent increase in behavioural activity in rats (r = 0.88; p <0.01). Furthermore, a good correlation was found between the activity responses of individual rats and the accumulation of 3‐MT after TCP/L‐DOPA in both n. caudatus (r = 0.76; p <0.01) and n. accumbens (r = 0.84; p <0.01). These data describe a simple and sensitive HPLC analysis technique for 3‐MT and demonstrate that following administration of an MAO inhibitor this metabolite may provide a useful monitor of central dopamine function.


Extract: In order to determine the effect of vitamin D on tubular reabsorption of phosphate, micropuncture studies were performed in the proximal convolution of normal rats, of parathyroidectomized rats, and of rats with rickets. The studies showed that vitamin D exerted a direct effect on transtubular reabsorption of phosphate that was independent of parathyroid function. The glomerular filtration rate was not affected by vitamin D. The reabsorption of phosphate of normal rats was 13.51 μmoles/min per kg. This corresponds to a fractional reabsorption of 73%. With vitamin D the fractional reabsorption increased to 86%. Despite continuous infusion of vitamin D, the phosphate reabsorption decreased to 13.95 μmoles/min/kg (fractional reabsorption 74%) after 180–240 min. Parathyroidectomized rats also showed a decreased trans-tubular reabsorption of phosphate during vitamin D infusion. In animals under a phosphate load who suffered from rickets, it was possible to normalize the decreased rate of reabsorption of phosphate (fractional reabsorption 59%) by the administration of vitamin D (fractional reabsorption 78%).Speculation: We were unable to determine why, despite continuous infusion of vitamin D and independent of the dosage, a decrease occurred in the increased reabsorption after 90–120 min and why after 180–240 min this function returned to the starting value. Since at this latter time toxic renal damage is unlikely and renal function was controlled during the whole experiment, the question arises whether inadequate activation, reactive breakdown of vitamin D, or development of resistance to the physiological activity of the vitamin is involved.