Exposure of mice to a 24 h light:dark:light:dark (LDLD) cycle with dimly illuminated nights induces the circadian timing system to program two intervals of activity and two intervals of rest per 24 h cycle and subsequently allows entrainment to a variety of extraordinary light regimens including 30 h LDLD cycles. Little is known about critical lighting requirements to induce and maintain this non-standard entrainment pattern, termed "bifurcation," and to enhance the range of apparent entrainment. The current study determined the necessary duration of the photophase for animals to bifurcate and assessed whether requirements for maintenance differed from those for induction. An objective index of bifurcated entrainment varied with length of the photophase over 4–10 h durations, with highest values at 8 h. To assess photic requirements for the maintenance of bifurcation, mice from each group were subsequently exposed to the LDLD cycle with 4 h photophases. While insufficient to induce bifurcation, this photoperiod maintained bifurcation in mice transferred from inductive LDLD cycles. Entrainment to 30 h LDLD cycles also varied with photoperiod duration. These studies characterize non-invasive tools that reveal latent flexibility in the circadian control of rest/activity cycles with important translational potential for addressing needs of human shift-workers.


The results of the choice of rational alloying and microalloying of cold-resistant steels with a guaranteed yield strength of 315–750 MPa are presented on the basis of the established interrelationship of phase transformations, structure, mechanical properties and performance characteristics when varying the content of basic alloying elements. Quantitative requirements for various structural parameters and their maximum permissible difference in sheet metal thickness up to 100 mm have been developed, depending on the strength category, manufacturing technology (thermomechanical treatment with accelerated cooling, hardening from separate furnace or rolling heating with high temperature tempering), which provide guaranteed characteristics of strength, cold resistance (impact work KV at test temperature –60 ... –80°С, critical temperatures of viscousbrittle transition Ткand zero ductility NDT) and crack resistance under the criterion of the critical opening in the top CTOD fracture.


This paper analyzes the relationship between foreign direct investment (FDI), economic growth and income inequality in Latin America. Using a data panel of 18 economies for the period 1980-2009, we estimate two equations that represent the relationship between FDI and economic growth, and income inequality, respectively. The main results obtained confirm the positive effects of FDI on economic growth, and show nonlinear significant effects on income inequality: while FDI leads to an increase in inequality, above some level of FDI (in% of GDP) it leads to greater equity.


The main aim of this paper is to discuss the role of tawhid in developing teacher
education system for the muallaf. Basically, every teacher should have good akhlak,
since they are generally regarded as the role models or exemplars for their students
especially for the muallaf students. These teachers are the persons who directly
educate the muallaf about Islam and guide them closely how live as good Muslim.
Therefore, in Islam, tawhid is not limited to divine or metaphysical aspects, but it
also should be regarded as the universal principle or rule that will guide all human
activities in order to confirm to the will of Allah. This primary concept is related to
the human being's temporal duty in this universe as khalīfatullāh, and with his or her
permanent duty as 'abdullāh. As a result, education in Islam cannot be separated from
the concept of tawhid. Thus, this concept of tawhid should be correctly understood by
the teachers particularly in educating our new Muslim brothers and sisters.


Head nodding is one of the most popular gestures used in public speeches by Polish language speakers. Its semantics have been examined on the basis of several hours of audio-visual recordings showing a number of public speakers. The recordings have been grouped into several hundred files containing various types of nodding (following more than a dozen semantic patterns). In an integrated multimodal analysis, in which the meaning of the message is the aggregate of the actions of all – more or less consciously applied – means of semiotic expression (words, facial expressions, gaze, gestures and intonations), the following functions of nodding, in most cases clearly addressed to the recipient, have been distinguished: confirmation, emphasis, greeting, thanks, and self-reaction. Most often, however, this gesture has accompanied inclusions and enumerations, hence assuming the function of a binding or meta-linguistic nature.


Good point about the transaction fees -- which is why I offer primarily a season ticket for six months of Eat This Podcast, at different


This study started from a question about whether media is playing a fair role in multicultural society. Although the number of foreigners currently living in South Korea almost reaches 1,500,000 most of the Koreans indirectly create an image about them not by a direct meeting but by media programs such as news, drama, and documentaries. Korean society should share recognition, attitude, and practice that are suitable for multicultural society, but the role of media is of importance in order to do it. For this reason, this researcher talked about the importance of introspecting about existing knowledge system or dominant ideology of media. Based on this, this study tried to examine how immigrants had appeared and how the appearance had been evaluated. To put it specific, this was to study multicultural families' character demonstrated in 〈Family〉, EBS multicultural human-documentary. Especially, it investigated how predominant values are reproduced together with multicultural families' demographic character shown in media. The result said that characteristics apparently emerged by origin, gender, and residential types in the study about the multicultural families' demographic character shown in 〈Family〉. Dominant values in 〈Family〉 were emphasizing that they were family made by the fruit of destined love between Korean man and foreign woman, foreign man and Korean woman at first. Second, marriage migrants' family life were found successful depending on the level of adaptation. Third, marriage migrants' efforts to introduce their culture and make others understand it were projected. In the study about the type of a person, the story structure consisting of 52 episodes standardized description types as 'A housekeeper', 'A devoted daughter-in-law', 'A supportive husband'.


Argues that expertise based solely on rational, quantitative approaches to decision making problematic in rapidly changing business environments that arrest the tools of forecasting, analysis and planning. Where managers must take action in the face of considerable ambiguity, they must justify decisions on "gut instincts", "best guesses" and other qualitative considerations. Unfortunately, traditional management education is primarily based on quantitative approaches to analysis and planning that may be ineffectual in ambiguous environments. Discusses an alternative approach to management education and training that seeks to blend analytic rigour with insight, intuition, creativity and learning‐by‐doing. Compares assumptions underlying traditional and action‐oriented approaches, and provides examples that suggest how management education and training can enhance their relevance by balancing quantitative and qualitative methods of decision making.


Plant cell and tissue culture is a rapidly moving science. New findings are coming so fast that it is difficult to keep up-to-date. Recent developments presented at the Third International Congress of Plant Tissue and Cell Culture at the University of Leicester, Leicester, England, July 21-16, 1974, deserve to be brought to the attention of horticulturists.


Main concentration of this project is to find out the vehicle which is met with an accident by using MEMS sensor and GPS, GSM.Vehicle tracking system is one of the hot topics in embedded systems industry. In this project ARM controller communicates with LCD, GPS module and GSM modem. This system will be placed in a moving vehicle. The ARM controller will poll GPS module in prefixed intervals and sends the vehicle location information (Latitude & Longitude) to central station over GSM network. Whenever any accident occurs MEMS sensor detects the vibration of the vehicle and sends mechanical force, to ARM, by using GPS, we will get particular location where accident occurs, and then GSM sends message to authorized members & 108.One more best feature is whenever any authorized people gives message to GSM at accident location then it sends back the message of the accident location longitude and latitude values.


Hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions are two major intermolecular forces between hydrophobic nonpolar and hydrophilic polar sites of macromolecules or materials surfaces in solvents. To further understand these two interactions at the microscopic level, an idealized polyatomic model is devised, which includes hydrophobic, hydrophilic, and partially hydrophilic polyatomic planar square molecular sheets. The hydrophobic molecular sheet is composed of the Lennard-Jones particles while the hydrophilic molecular sheet consists of positive and negative charge sites. In the framework of the extended reference interaction site model integral equation theory the solvent-induced interactions (or the potential of mean forces) between two parallel molecular sheets in water and in the hypothetical nonpolar water are investigated in a systematic fashion. Such a highly idealized model allows us to isolate and to explore the important effects of molecular size, relative intermolecular position (e.g., in- or out-of-re...


The following report contains a fire safety evaluation of Hogsboanstalten in Gothenburg. The purpose of this report is to analyse different fire scenarios to see if the chosen building can be evacuated safely in case of fire. This is done by comparing total evacuation time with the time until critical conditions have been reached. When critical conditions occur, safe evacuation can no longer be guaranteed. One of the main difficulties is that all doors and exits are locked, and thus inmates always need to be assisted by a member of staff to be able to evacuate.
The evacuation time during the day is calculated by hand while evacuation during the night is calculated with the simulation program ERM. The chosen fire scenarios are simulated with CFAST and FDS to calculate time until critical conditions occur. The conclusion from the report is that changes are required as to be able to ensure safe egress from the building. The following improvements must be done:
• The smoke vents in workshop area needs to open automatically in case of detector activation.
• A second emergency exit from the study hall corridor.
• The emergency exit from the workshop area must be cleared.
• The fire sections must be intact.
• New routines for evacuation during nighttime.
• At least one evacuation drill every year.
• Inmates are not to be left without supervision in the workshop area.


When Neville Alexander died in 2012, aged 75, after a short battle against cancer, South Africa lost its leading linguistic activist. It also lost an independent political thinker, one who had been incarcerated on Robben Island for 10 years, between 1964 and 1974, interacting there with Nelson Mandela, Walter Sisulu, Ahmed Kathrada, Eddie Daniels and others. The book under review is a fitting tribute to a great political figure and scholar. It originated in a series of interviews undertaken between 2006 and 2010, mostly by applied linguist Brigitta Busch of the University of Vienna, herself an academic-cum-language activist interested in multilingualism and the linguistic order in places like South Africa. The editorial credits include Lucijan Busch who undertook some additional interviews. The book was first published in a German edition in 2011, on the occasion of Alexander's 75th birthday. While following the structure of the German original, the South African edition is not identical. We are told in the introduction that Karen Press, the third editor, rearranged the text to suit a South African readership, highlighting Alexander's efforts in formulating a language policy for post-apartheid South Africa. The South African edition contains two parts: the first entitled 'Neville Alexander's language biography' and the second 'A selection of Neville Alexander's writings on language'.


If you have never taught an English class, the impact of this article may be weakened—but trust that it touches upon a subject that is, or should be, extremely important to every educator. The author presents it clearly and concisely for even the non-English teacher and concludes with several specific suggestions.


In modern electric railways, reduction of maintenance cost is necessary. In a contact wire pantograph system, low wear rate of contact wire is desirable. To reduce the wear of contact wire, carbon should be used as the contact strip material. As conventional carbon materials can not cope with the speedup of vehicles or the higher current load, it will be necessary to combine metal with the carbon material. This paper describes the results of investigating the relationship between several factors and wear properties of the metal/carbon composites.


The hypothesis that semilunar timing of larval release by fiddler crabs (genus Uca) results in transport of the final larval stage (megalopa) by spring tide currents to substrates in the upper estuary occupied by adults was tested and rejected. Water temperatures in the North Inlet estuary, South Carolina, increased from approximately 20° C to 28° C and the length of larval life decreased during the May-September breeding season. Nevertheless, ovigerous female U. pugilator, U. pugnax, and U. minax, collected bimonthly and maintained in the laboratory, released larvae ± 1.5 d of the full and new moons throughout most of the breeding season. Megalopae of Uca spp. were most abundant in a small tidal creek in the upper estuary during nocturnal flood tides and near the bottom about 5 d before and after the spring tides in September. Uca spp. and several other estuarine crabs appear to release larvae near the times of the high tides that are followed by the nocturnal ebb tides of greatest amplitude during the s...


The effects of Cu-nanoparticles on the entropy generation of steady magnetohydrodynamic incompressible flow with viscous dissipation and Joule heating through convergent-divergent channel are analysed in this paper. The basic nonlinear partial differential equations are transformed into a system of coupled ordinary differential equations using suitable transformations which are then solved using power series with Hermite- Padé approximation technique. The velocity profiles, temperature distributions, entropy generation rates, Bejan number as well as the rate of heat transfer at the wall are presented in convergent-divergent channels for various values of nanoparticles solid volume fraction, Eckert number, Reynolds number and channel angle. A stability analysis has been performed for the shear stress which signifies that the lower solution branch is stable and physically realizable, whereas the upper solution branch is unstable. It is interesting to remark that the entropy generation of the system increases at the two walls as well as the heat transfer irreversibility is dominant there whereas the fluid friction irreversibility is dominant along the centreline of the channel.


The Sn-doped ZnO thin films were prepared by Sol gel Spin coating technique on glass and ITO substrates with doped concentration of 0, 1 and 2 at%. The thin films particle sizes were decreased as a doping concentration increased as observed from FESEM images. The effect of seed layers on nanorod growth for DSSCs was investigated. We have found that the ZnO nanorod grown on 2.0 at% Sn-doped ZnO thin film exhibits a uniform distribution of aligned nanorods with hexagonal shape and their diameter is about 100nm in average. Therefore, the DSSCs fabricated at 2.0at% Sn-doped ZnO thin film with aligned ZnO Nanorod arrays grown have an improved of current density, fill factor, and conversion efficiency.


The high strength medium temperature and β metastable titanium alloy, β -CEZ, is designed for use in the compressor of a jet engine. The purpose of this research was to investigate how the thermomechanical treatments (forging or solutioning conditions and quenching) influence the microstructure. A series of various heat-treating steps were conducted in order to quantify the relationship between thermomechanical parameters and microstructural factors. The detailed characterization of microstructure was based on SEM observations of primary alpha platelets with the aid of an Image Analysis system. A pronounced influence of thermomechanical treatments on microstructure was found. Several parameters characterizing the microstructure of alpha platelets such as the area fraction, length, width, perimeter, surface, density, and aspect ratio, have been found to depend on the solutioning conditions. Furthermore, with the exception of the area fraction, these different microstructural parameters were found to be also governed by the forging conditions.


The retrospective analysis of sensitivity / resistance to synthetic antiseptics used during the period from 1997 to 2009 at the surgical departments of treatment-and-prophylactic establishments of Vitebsk region was made on the strains of S. aureus, isolated from wound contents of the patients with pyo-inflammatory diseases and complications. All isolated strains possessed polyresistance to the administered antibiotics. The obtained data have shown the increasing resistance of the representative of Gram-positive causative agents of wound infections S. aureus to synthetic antiseptics and at the same time preservation of high efficacy of dioxidinum, hydrogen peroxide, chlorhexidin bigluconate, iodocontaining antiseptics, that presupposes the necessity of further development of medicinal preparations on their basis and their active use in complex antimicrobial therapy of purulent s urgery patients.


OVER the last fifteen years our control of all the ordinary bodily functions of a patient undergoing surgical operations has become refined to the point where it might be claimed to be almost complete. This control applies not only to the central nervous system in which such functions as memory, awareness and pain-perception can be heightened, diminished or completely abolished, but also to the vital activity of the heart itself. It has become possible by profoundly lowering body temperature to remove every evidence of vital activity including the very heart-beat for periods up to one hour and yet have complete recovery. These developments suggest a re-examination of the meaning of certain terms which are in common usage. As is not infrequently the case, such a semantic enquiry points to philosophic problems which, at least to this observer, exist and are full of implication for our everyday world.


Many aspects of the labor market have yet to return to their pre-recession levels in the economic recovery. Employment and labor force participation have been the main focus for analysts, but another important and related measure of the health of the labor market is weekly hours worked for those employed.


Abstract Extending work of Aschbacher and Guralnick on abelian quotients of finite groups, in this paper we show that if G is a primitive permutation group on a set of size n, then any nilpotent quotient of G has order at most nβ and any solvable quotient of G has order at most nα+1, where β = log 32/log 9 and α = (3 log(48) + log(24))/(3 · log(9)).


Treaties — In General — Forms of international agreements — Treaties — Conventions — Governmental Agreements — Exchanges of Notes — French Constitution of 1946 (Articles 26 and 28) — Provision that diplomatic treaties duly ratified and published shall have force of law — Agreements in simplified form concluded without full powers — What constitutes "ratification" — Whether publication in Journal officiel sufficient — Whether evidence of approval by Head of State necessary — The law of France. Treaties — Conclusion and operation of — Ratification — Entry into force — French Constitution of 1946 (Articles 26 and 28) — Provision that diplomatic treaties duly ratified and published shall have force of law — Agreements in simplified form concluded without full powers — What constitutes "ratification" — Whether publication in Journal officiel sufficient — Whether evidence of approval by Head of State necessary — The law of France. Treaties — Conclusion and operation of — Ratification — Entry into force — French Constitution of 1946 (Articles 26 and 28) — Provision that diplomatic treaties duly ratified and published shall have force of law — Agreements in simplified form concluded without full powers — What constitutes "ratification" — Whether publication in Journal official sufficient — Whether evidence of approval by Head of State necessary — The law of France.


Based on the VPRS and relational database theory,the limitation caused by the data pretreatment using"Connection" or"Union"method is analyzed,and use"Outer Connection"to replace them,thus the two universe can be merged into an uni-verse,which can be processed by VPRS.


Making clinical trials discoverable at the point of care (patient encounter) is one of the holy grails of connecting clinical research with clinical practice [1, 2]. Semantic interoperability standards designed for hospital systems do not interface well with clinical trials, which are predominantly unstructured/free text. In this paper, we describe our experiences of using SNOMED CT and HL7 InfoButton standards to make clinical trials from a trial registry accessible to clinicians within an Electronic Health Record (EHR) system in University College Hospitals, London. In particular we discuss the use of HL7 InfoButton standard [15] as a standardised interface for a clinical trials repository, which we believe is a first of its kind in the UK. We discuss some of the barriers to making clinical trials more accessible in EHR systems, including considerations for using standards and associated challenges & opportunities.


In order to discuss the effects of hydrogen peroxide on B-ultrasound image of cattle liver,the native yellow cattle of Guangxi was used as the experimental material,and the B-ultrasound image of liver under natural condition and treated with 0.5%,1.0%,and 1.5% of hydrogen peroxide by intravenous injection were scanned,respectively.The results showed that through using hydrogen peroxide,the ultrasonogram of liver was solid,the echo of liver vein wall and diaphragm muscle was strengthened,the image contrast was strong,and the development was clearer,the diagnose accuracy of liver was improved.Among the three concentrations of hydrogen peroxide,the development effect of 1.0% hydrogen peroxide was the best,and then was 1.5% hydrogen peroxide.


M r = 326.3, monoclinic, P21, a --= 6.510 (2),
b=8.432 (2), c= 15.114 (2),a, /~= 101.42 (3) ° , Z
= 2, V= 813.15 A 3, D x = 1-33 Mg m -3, F(000) = 172,
2(Cu Ka) = 1.5418/~,, g(Cu Ka) = 0.906 mm -~, final
R = 6.4% for 1924 observed counter reflections. The
conformation about the glycosidic bond is syn [torsion
angle C(6)-N(1)-C(1')-O(4')=-103.9(3)°]. The
sugar pucker is C(2')-exo,C(3')-endo (3Tz). The conformation
about the C(4')-C(5') bond is gauche-trans.
An uncommon intermolecular hydrogen bond involving
the ribose-ring oxygen O(1') and the base-nitrogen N(3)
stabilizes the crystal structure.


1. There are many known results on explicit orms of the fundamental units of real quadratic fields of certain types (cf. [1], [2], [3], [5], [7], [8]). In this paper, we shall give a new explicit form of the fundamental units of real quadratic fields with norm -1. Let m be a positive integer which is not a perfect square and K be the real quadratic field Q(/). e0 denotes the fundamental unit of K, N the norm map rom K to Q. We put R_ {K" real quadratic fields with Ne0=1}, E_ {" units of K e R_ with N=1}. Then it is easy to see R_= {Q(/a+4) a e N}, where N is the set of all the natural numbers.. Fix now a unit = (t +u/)/2 e E_ (t, u0) for a while, and we denote =(tn+U/)/2. t denotes (t /)/2. Since t e+t, we have __n+l n+l tn+ if---(Gn-q-n)($'-)t-$ q-t =ttnq-t_ (n_2). Combining this recurrence and the fact t=t and t=V+2, we get inductively t]tn+ and t.n+__t__4t (n_l). Hence we have obtained the following elementary lemma. Lemma 1. With the above notation, we have (i ) t/ =ttn -tn_l (n 2) and t t, t t +2, (ii) t tn and tn 4t (n 1). From this lemma follows" Lemma 2. If t+ is a prime, then t=l and 2n+1 is prime. Proof. If t_2, t/, can not be a prime by Lemma 1 (ii). Suppose now 2n+1 decomposes into 2n+l=(2k+1)(21+1), where 2k+1, 2/+11. n+, (+)+' implies t+}t+, t+>4 and Then, from (ii) of Lemma I, t.n +,/t. +,__> 4. Therefore tn + can not be a prime. Examine now the .case t--l, From N---1 and t=l ollows um---5, so u--l, m=5. Thus tn is nothing but the nth Lucas number v {(1 + J-5-)/2} + {(1-J 5 )/2} (el. [4]). Let P {p" primes such that


A method of preparing a silica to alumina ratio variable MWW zeolite material, zeolite MWW borosilicate first prepared, the preparation process is the use of a silicon compound, boric acid, templating agent, and deionized water as a secondary raw material, the hydrothermal synthesis MWW borosilicate zeolite structure ERB-1. The appropriate amount of the compound containing aluminum borosilicate molecular sieve of the MWW, secondary deionized water as a heat treatment raw water. The resulting mixture was transferred to a stainless steel autoclave and hydrothermally treated at a certain temperature, filtered after cooling, washed to obtain reaction product. The present invention can be obtained not only exchanged aluminosilicate zeolite MWW variable ratio under dynamic conditions, but at a static water heat exchanger may be varied to obtain alumina ratio zeolite MWW.


Developing economies are mostly unaware of the actual savings potential of energy conservation and are additionally restricted due to the application of outdated technology in their industrial production. This is partly because their industries have not been checked for proper energy use and conservation. Therefore, it is the intention of this paper to provide and apply tools on the procedure and methods involved to firstly assess possible deficiencies suspected of irrational consumption of energy bill. Also steps to be taken to raise possible required investment for energy conservation measures and their financial analysis like payback period will be included. The status of Industrial Energy Efficiency in Ethiopian Industries has been analyzed with a special focus on the leather sector taking Batu Tannery a case study. The various energy utilization and saving practices of the plant and its potential saving areas are identified. Though higher saving is possible through the introduction of modern technology, this study focuses on housekeeping and low investment measures that will gain fast results and will motivate the management for more in – depth energy conservation measures. This approach is found suitable for developing countries who suffer from lack of funds for higher investment in energy conservation programs and the use of renewable energy sources.


Purpose : This study determines which factors from among quality factors constituting a drone delivery service are recognized as important by consumers. In addition, it determines their relative importance, and suggests directions for the factors that drone delivery service companies will prioritize.
Research design, data, methodology : A questionnaire analysis is implemented to target drone delivery service companies registered in Shandong Province and Guangdong Province in China. Analysis of demographics and IPA are implemented utilizing IBM's SPSS v. 25.0.; The (Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP), is used for the analysis, performed with the Expert Choice program.
Results : According to the AHP analysis results, we can see that certainty and empathy are perceived as the most important factors overall. As for detailed factors, in the certainty section, safety from drones and delivery accidents ranked first (0.105) ; third was safety of personal information and delivery information (0.092), and fifth was reliability of service provision information (0.285). In the empathy section, understanding and consideration of services in various customer situations ranked second (0.095), and fourth was expectations on providing the best service (0.081), indicating that lower factors of certainty and empathy, are distributed among the top five factors. As a result of the IPA analysis, in competitive advantage competencies, understanding and consideration of various customer situations (a sub-factor of empathy) and reliability of service provision information (a sub-factor of certainty) are included. In competitive inferiority competencies, the following two sub-factors of certainty are included: safety from drone and delivery accidents, plus safety of personal and delivery information. Expectations of providing the best service, (a sub-factor of empathy) are also included.
Conclusions : In order to maintain a corporate competitive advantage, companies that provide drone delivery services must continuously provide reliable service information to customers, requiring attention and communication about customers' problems.


This guide provides practical guidance for selection and use of respiratory protection to persons who work in asbestos abatement operations or other activities, such as maintenance or repair, where exposure or the potential for exposure to asbestos exists. The guide recommends controlling exposures to the lowest level possible as determined by the most sensitive and reliable monitoring methods. The guide has five parts. Part I is an introduction to the hazards associated with airborne asbestos and to the issues involving respiratory protection against asbestos. Part II presents a model respiratory protection program for the asbestos industry which both satisfies current Federal regulations and incorporates the most current information on appropriate respirators for use against airborne asbestos fibers. Part III contains a checklist for developing or evaluating a respiratory protection program. Part IV presents information on breathing air systems for supplied-air respirators. Part V lists sources of help for problems involving respirator use.


Hypertension (HTN) affects over 1 billion people in the world, and while most are treated effectively with pharmacological regimens, 10–30% of them do not show a beneficial response. Electrical stimulation of the renal sympathetic, vagus and carotid sinus nerves has shown depressor effects and has been proposed as an alternative treatment for resistant hypertension (R-HTN). However, these nerves are heterogeneous in afferent/efferent composition, and their stimulation often results in unwanted side effects. We evaluated the possibility of eliciting a depressor response from stimulation of single fascicle of the somatic deep peroneal nerve (fDPN). A microchannel electrode array (µCEA) was used to stimulate the fDPN at low frequency, which induced a significant (p ≤ 0.03) transient reduction in mean arterial pressure (MAP) with no significant effects on heart rate. The depressor response was prolonged for several hours by extending the fDPN stimulation to 5 min, which induced significant reduction (17–25%) in MAP for up to 4 h. Immunofluorescence evaluation of the axonal marker, myelin, and active macrophages in the fDPN revealed no indication of nerve damage or overt inflammation in response to the procedure. This study provides evidence supporting the use of µCEA interfacing of small somatic nerve fascicles associated with cardiovascular relevant acupoints to induce significant reductions in MAP and opens the possibility of neuromodulation of small fascicles as an alternative strategy to treat R-HTN with minimal side effects. Further, the µCEA multielectrode array offers an effective tool for neuromodulation of small nerve fascicles, enabling a number of possible future medical bioelectronic applications.


Shallow tunnels induce surface displacements which can cause damage to existing structures; an adequate evaluation of their settlement trough is of paramount importance. Nowadays, it becomes even more critical when dealing with an underground occupation where the green stress field has already been disturbed by previous excavations. Since the end of the last century, many researchers have explored the subject. Some empirical methodologies have been developed based on data from actual cases, sometimes associated with numerical analysis. The present work used plane strain numerical analysis of different geometric arrangements of side-by-side twin tunnels for different depths and distances between tunnel axes to evaluate its compatibility with some of the proposed methods to adjust the settlement profile of the second cavity. It was observed that the discussed methodologies have similar results for maximum settlement and its eccentricity. Nevertheless, the behavior of the trough width parameter from the semi-empirical methods has shown discrepancies.


The development of an automated document processing system and a multilingual OCR relies heavily on accurate language recognition and classification. In the prior many researchers did a lot of research on several renowned languages. As a result of their rarity, complexity, and difficulty of use, Bangla subcontinent languages, such as Sylhoti Nagri, Chatgaya, etc., have received comparatively less attention from researchers than more widely used languages. In this research, we utilized deep learning models in an effort to categorize and detect Bangla and Sylhoti Nagri languages. Here, YOLOv5 and YOLOV7 were used to recognize Bangla and Nagri text from scanned document images, while VGG16 and ResNET50 were used to classify the text. VGG16 outperformed ResNET50 in classification with an accuracy of 97.23% and 95.89% in train and test respectively, while the YOLOv5 model outperformed the YOLOv7 model in terms of detection accuracy (99.41% vs. 94.12%).


The communication through Sign language is a successful way of communication for speech and hearing impaired humans. A Hand gesture recognition system to aid deaf and mute is developed using convolutional neural networks to identify the static signs of ISL (Indian Sign Language). In order to have sufficient amount of dataset, a total of 3500 static sign images of 10 (Indian sign language) static signs are gathered from various impaired humans. A total of 4 layers and 16 filters were used in Convolution Neutral Network (CNN) Architecture based on Deep learning technique. Adam optimizer has been used as the optimizer to tweak the weighs of the model is useful for reducing the loss and improving the accuracy. Model is trained in total of 15 epochs. The optimizer used to train and validate process is Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD). The proposed model gives the maximum possible training accuracy of about 99.76%.


A 22-year-old woman presented with asymmetrical tremors, slurred speech and gait disturbance. A physical examination revealed Kayser-Fleischer rings, and a diagnosis of Wilson's disease (WD) was confirmed on the basis of serum ceruloplasmin and urine copper studies. Brain MRI revealed bilateral hyperintensity on T2-weighted images involving the putamen, globus pallidus and brain stem. In the midbrain, hyperintense signals in the tegmentum and normal signals in the lateral portion of the pars reticulata of the substantia nigra and the red nuclei resembled the characteristic "face of the giant panda" (Picture). WD is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder of copper homeostasis caused by mutations in the ATP7B gene. The neurological manifestations of WD include tremors, dysarthria, ataxia, bradykinesia, dystonia, behavioral changes, depression and psychosis. Brain MRI often shows involvement of the midbrain (1), and modifications of MRI abnormalities on follow-up often correlate with clinical symptoms and thus can be used to evaluate the response to treatment (2).


The Generalized Degrees of Freedom (GDoF) region of the 2-user Gaussian Interference Channel (GIC) was derived by Etkin, Tse and Wang. This GDoF region is achieved using the class of Han-Kobayashi (HK) schemes. For $K$-user GICs with $K > 2$, the GDoF region is not known completely. For the $K$-user GIC, Geng et al. derived the channel conditions under which Gaussian signalling and Treating Interference as Noise (TIN) is GDoF optimal. The TIN scheme also belongs to the class of HK schemes. In this paper, we derive conditions under which Simple HK (S-HK) schemes are GDoF optimal for general $K$-user GICs. Simple HK schemes are HK schemes with Gaussian signalling, no time sharing, and no private-common power splitting. The class of simple HK schemes includes the TIN scheme and schemes that involve various levels of interference decoding and cancellation at each receiver.


Oral abrocitinib 200 and 100 mg once daily provided short-term efficacy in a dose-dependent manner over 12 or 16 weeks in various age groups of patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD). This study aims to evaluate the long-term efficacy of abrocitinib treatment for up to 96 weeks in adult patients with moderate-to-severe AD who enrolled in JADE EXTEND (NCT03422822). This planned interim analysis included adult patients from the JADE clinical trials MONO-1 (NCT03349060), MONO-2 (NCT03575871), COMPARE (NCT03720470) and DARE (NCT04345367) who subsequently enrolled into the ongoing phase 3 extension trial JADE EXTEND (data cutoff: September 25, 2021). Patients who were randomly assigned to abrocitinib 200 or 100 mg once daily in the qualifying trials continued to receive the same dose in JADE EXTEND with blinding maintained; those who received placebo were randomly assigned to abrocitinib 200 or 100 mg. All patients from JADE DARE received a known dose of abrocitinib 200 mg in JADE EXTEND. Patients previously randomly assigned to dupilumab in JADE DARE or JADE COMPARE were excluded from this analysis. Patients were grouped for analysis by age (18–50 years; >50 years) recorded at the screening visit of the respective qualifying trial. Assessments included the proportion of patients who achieved Investigator's Global Assessment (IGA) score of 0 (clear) or 1 (almost clear) with a ≥2-grade improvement from baseline, ≥75% and ≥90% improvement from baseline on the Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI-75 and EASI-90), a score of <2 or a ≥4-point improvement from baseline in Peak Pruritus Numerical Rating Scale score (PP-NRS 0/1 or PP-NRS4), and a score of <2 on the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI 0/1). Data (as observed values) were evaluated up to 96 weeks of abrocitinib treatment. A total of 1309 patients [18–50 years (n = 1046); >50 years (n = 263)] were analysed. At Week 16 of abrocitinib treatment, patients achieved improvements with abrocitinib 200 or 100 mg in a dose-dependent manner in both age groups for IGA 0/1 [18–50 years, 55% (abrocitinib 200 mg)/34% (abrocitinib 100 mg); >50 years, 56%/38%], EASI-75 (79%/61%; 76%/69%) and PP-NRS4 (70%/51%; 76%/61%). Similar dose-dependent responses in both age groups were observed for the high-threshold clinical, patient-reported and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) endpoints of EASI-90 [18–50 years, 54% (abrocitinib 200 mg)/33% (abrocitinib 100 mg); >50 years, 59%/40%], PP-NRS 0/1 (35%/25%; 54%/30%) and DLQI 0/1 (38%/23%; 47%/24%). Regardless of age and dose, substantial proportions of patients were observed with responses at Weeks 24, 48 and 96 of abrocitinib treatment. At Week 96, dose-dependent responses remained for the younger subgroup of patients (including for high-threshold responses). For the older subgroup, responses were less clearly dose-dependent from Week 48. At Week 96, responder proportions were as follows: for IGA 0/1: 18–50 years, 55% (abrocitinib 200 mg)/44% (abrocitinib 100 mg); >50 years, 58%/51%; for EASI-75: 85%/73%, 89%/86%; for PP-NRS4: 66%/54%; 80%/79%; and for the high-threshold endpoints of EASI-90: 58%/45%; 73%/58%; for PP-NRS 0/1: 38%/26%; 44%/54%; and for DLQI 0/1: 41%/32%; 48%/51%. Regardless of age, substantial proportions of adults achieved clinical and patient-reported endpoints (IGA 0/1, EASI-75 or PP-NRS4) after short-term treatment with either abrocitinib dose. Similar trends were observed for high-threshold clinical, patient-reported and HRQoL endpoints (EASI-90, PP-NRS 0/1 or DLQI 0/1). Dose-dependent efficacy was observed short-term regardless of age, and up to 96 weeks in patients aged 18–50 years. Responder proportions of patients aged >50 years were less clearly dose-dependent from Week 48 of abrocitinib treatment. These findings may be informative for patients and healthcare providers when making treatment decisions. Further data from the ongoing JADE EXTEND trial may provide greater precision for long-term efficacy estimates.


The ethnonym Okok s had been mentioned in the Russian archival sources from the end of the XVI to the beginning of the XVIII centuries. The ethnic identification of the ethnonym as well as its localization are still the subject of scientific dispute among researchers. The study analyzes the available primary sources on the subject and also used the results of researches of the ХХ century. It shows that at the end of the XVI century the Okoks lived in the upper Terek river, in the area of the modern Lars. The available sources allow to identify the Okoks as representatives of the Ingush community the Metskhal. At the same time, according to the archival information of the XVI-XVII centuries, the owners of the lands in the upper Terek were murzas of Minor Kabarda (later known as the Mudarovs). In the 1580s a part of the Okoks led by Shikh-murza settled in the Michik river valley. From there, in 1596, some of the Okoks resettled in the fortified Tersky town built by the tsar authorities. Here they founded a separate sloboda /village. Its population replenished by the Kabardians, Kumyks, Avars and other peoples of the Northern Caucasus.


The tandem allylic oxidation/oxa-Michael reaction promoted by the gem-disubstituent effect and the 2-methyl-6-nitrobenzoic anhydride (MNBA)-mediated dimerization were explored for the efficient and facile synthesis of cyanolide A.


The transformation of the economic system according to the standards of market developed countries and the implementation of long-term privatization have conditioned companies in the Republic of Srpska to find opportunities to preserve their financial stability in the newly created market environment. It is well known that turbulent markets have always favored those companies that can provide good financial stability and that adapt quickly to turbulent market changes. Therefore, the companies of Republic of Srpska have been adapting to the market way of doing business all these years in order to try to build financial stability in unfair competition, which would provide them with a certain reputation in turbulent markets. With the struggle to adapt to the market way of doing business in the last year of business under the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic, companies in Republic of Srpska are going through various unexpected challenges that they need to overcome in order to ensure financial stability. From the context of the above, the research is focused on assessing the financial stability of companies in market conditions under the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic. In this regard, the research attaches importance to the assessment of financial stability on the example of a specific company in market conditions under the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic, using basic analytical indicators used in assessing the financial stability of the company.


Abstract Most legume-based soil fertility technologies often fail to make the desired impact on nutrient-depleted soils partly due to low N2-fixation rates and poor biomass productivity. A study was conducted in the 2004/05 and 2005/06 rainfall seasons to evaluate biomass productivity and N2-fixation of indigenous legumes on nutrient-depleted fields under low (450- 650 mm yr−1) to high (> 800 mm yr−1) rainfall areas of Zimbabwe. Legume species, mostly of Crotalaria, Indigofera and Tephrosia genera, were sown in mixtures on disturbed soil. Indigenous legume fallows (indifallows) produced 2–5 t biomass ha−1 under low and 5–15 t biomass ha−1 under high rainfall. They significantly (P<0.05) out-yielded natural fallows by 84% and a sunnhemp (Crotalaria juncea) green manure fallow by 32% over a growth period of six months. Cumulatively, indifallows produced more biomass (~29 t ha−1) than natural fallows (~ 8 t ha−1) over two seasons. Indigenous legumes derived 61–90% of their N from the atmosphere with amounts fixed ranging from 2–57 kg N ha−1 under medium rainfall conditions to 1–173 kg N ha−1 under high rainfall. Application of P increased indifallow biomass productivity by 15% under low rainfall, and N2-fixation by 32% and 18% under low and high rainfall, respectively. These results demonstrated that indigenous legumes generate sufficiently high biomass and fix nitrogen on nutrient-depleted fields where most conventional green manure and grain legume cultivars often fail to establish.


The paper is an exploratory research concerning information trust on cyberspace. The research question is presented as, "How do individuals' perceptions regarding the benefits and risks of the internet affect their trust in cyberspace?" Dependent variables used in the study consisted of trust in online information. Explanatory variables consisted of sociodemographic characteristics (gender, age, education level, income level, employment status), internet usage pattern (frequency of use, online behavior, means of getting online), and perception of the internet (benefits, risks, attitude towards the online environment, internet ethics). Positive perception including perception of the benefits of the internet, positive expectation for online environment, and online ethics contributed more significantly to cyberspace trust than more than negative view of the internet or negative expectation for the internet.


Based on the analysis of G. F. Kvitka-Osnovyanenko works, the article deals with the contents of nobles' educational practices: individual studies (tutors, parents) and collective (studies of children's groups in noble families and boarding-schools). The positive achievements and negative experience of home-schooling noble children are reflected in the first half of the XIX century in the works of G. F. Kvitka-Osnovyanenko. The author drew attention to the foreign influence in education, particularly the French, which did not instill patriotism in the younger generation. Foreign tutors provided a low level of education.


This paper focuses its concern on the participation of women in the struggle against the military dictatorship in Chile (1973 - 1988), with the aim of revealing my gender relations established within the clandestine militancy. To realize this, we turn to memoria suelta of a woman activist Frente Patriotico Manuel Rodriguez , who through the testimony of their experience exposes militant aspects of life from his position as woman, mother and clandestine, allowing unveil the place occupied by women in the armed wing of the Communist Party of Chile.


There is a growing awareness that androgens and estrogens have general metabolic roles that are not directly involved in reproductive processes. These include actions on vascular function, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, as well as bone mineralization and epiphyseal closure, in both sexes. In postmenopausal women, as in men, estrogen is no longer solely an endocrine factor, but instead is produced in a number of extragonadal sites and acts locally at these sites in a paracrine and intracrine fashion. These sites include breast, bone, vasculature, and brain. Within these sites, aromatase action can generate high levels of E2 locally without significantly affecting circulating levels. Circulating C19 steroid precursors are essential substrates for extragonadal estrogen synthesis. The levels of these androgenic precursors decline markedly with advancing age in women, possibly from the mid to late reproductive years. This may be a fundamental reason why women are at increased risk for bone mineral loss and...


This article presents a way to develop a management system of subtracting personal savings interest taxes. The system can not only meet the needs of subtracting savings interest, but also improve functions of the old system. Thus it can prolong the use cycle of the old system and improve the adaptability of the application system, reduce the cost of second software developing, and get good work result.


The physical and chemical properties of molecular crystals can be traced back to their molecular and macroscopic properties. The nature of their components and packing structures are just as important as the symmetry of the ensemble and the direction of measurement, or anisotropy. For this reason, photoreactive molecular crystals are very appealing from a materials-science perspective. As their composition and structure evolve as a function of reaction progress, their physical and material properties are affected in a predetermined and often controllable manner. It has also been suggested that the properties of materials can be modulated with amphidynamic crystals, which are specifically designed with static and mobile components that are capable of responding to the presence of external fields. Thus, the conjunction of anisotropic physical properties, controllable chemical process, addressable dynamics, and collective phenomena suggest many challenges and opportunities for the development of crystalline molecular machines. Key to the use of photoresponsive molecular crystals as addressable functional materials is our ability to understand and control their chemical reactivity. While it is sometimes assumed that reactions in crystals are forbidden, this notion can be readily challenged. In fact, more than 160 years of observations involving hundreds of reactive crystals have led to significant advances in our understanding of solid-state reactivity and crystal design. However, while it is widely appreciated that reactions in crystals tend to be highly selective, the effects of product accumulation on the subtle balance of the original lattice architecture have not been addressed in as much detail. Since the first documented examples, chemists have shown that most photoreactive crystals tend to collapse and degrade as the reaction proceeds. In a pioneering study, McBride and co-workers estimated that the local stress accompanying the decarboxylation of diacyl peroxides in crystals reaches values in the range of 40–60 kbar, which is close to the pressure needed to convert graphite into diamond. Whereas the magnitude of the local stress depends on the structural mismatch between reactants and products, little is known about the relaxation mechanisms. In some cases, the difference between reactants and products is so small that three-dimensional order is preserved with relatively minor adjustments in the unit cell (Figure 1). These


Objective: To determine the association between early post-endovascular treatment (EVT) contrast extravasation (CE) on dual-energy CT (DECT) and stroke outcomes. Methods: EVT records in 2010–2019 were screened. Exclusion criteria included the occurrence of immediate post-procedural intracranial haemorrhage (ICH). Hyperdense areas on iodine overlay maps were scored according to the Alberta Stroke Programme Early CT Score (ASPECTS), thus forming a CE-ASPECTS. Maximum parenchymal iodine concentration and maximum iodine concentration relative to the torcula were recorded. Follow-up imaging was reviewed for ICH. The primary outcome measure was the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 90 days. Results: Out of 651 records, 402 patients were included. CE was found in 318 patients (79%). Thirty-five patients developed ICH on follow-up imaging. Fourteen ICHs were symptomatic. Stroke progression occurred in 59 patients. Multivariable regression showed a significant association between decreasing CE-ASPECTS and the mRS at 90 days (adjusted (a)cOR: 1.10, 95% CI: 1.03–1.18), NIHSS at 24–48 h (aβ: 0.57, 95% CI: 0.29–0.84), stroke progression (aOR: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.03–1.26) and ICH (aOR: 1.21, 95% CI: 1.06–1.39), but not symptomatic ICH (aOR 1.19, 95% CI: 0.95–1.38). Iodine concentration was significantly associated with the mRS (acOR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.06–1.32), NIHSS (aβ: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.30–1.06), ICH (aOR: 1.37, 95% CI: 1.04–1.81) and symptomatic ICH (aOR: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.02–1.38), but not stroke progression (aOR: 0.99, 95% CI: 0.86–1.15). Results of the analyses with relative iodine concentration were similar and did not improve prediction. Conclusions: CE-ASPECTS and iodine concentration are both associated with short- and long-term stroke outcomes. CE-ASPECTS is likely a better predictor for stroke progression.


Objective To investigate the level of leptin in chronic renal failure(CRF) and its influencing factors,as well as its effects on nutritional status.Methods Serum leptin was measured by radioimmunoassay in 85 patients with chronic renal failure (CRF),including non-dialyzed(ND,n=55) AND hemodialysed patients(HD,n=30),and 30 healthy controls.ND patients included ND1 group(n=29,BMI20kg/m 2) and ND2 group(n=26,BMI≥20kg/m 2).BMI,triceps skin-fold thickness(TSF),mid-arm muscle circumference (MAMC),total protein(TP),serum albumin(Alb),prealbumin(Pre-A),transferrin(TRF),blood urea nitrogen(BUN),serum creatinine (Scr),fasting insulin(FINS) and fasting blood glucose(FBG) were also determined.The relationship between these parameters and serum leptin concentration was analyzed.Results (1)leptin levels controlling for BMI by covariance analysis are increased in ND1 and ND2 group compared with control group.The difference between HD group and control group was not statistically significant.(2)Multiple regression analysis showed that the leptin concentration in CRF was significantly correlated to BMI,MAMC,FBG,age and sex( the standardized regression coefficients were 0.674,-0.401,-0312,0.214 and 0.164,respectively) and unrelated to BUN,Scr,Alb,Pre-A, TRF etc.Conclusions Hyperleptinemia is one of features of CRF.Serum leptin concentration in CRF is influenced by multiple factors.Leptin may contribute to the consumption of skeletal muscles and affect glycometabolism.Hyperleptinemia is not correlated with serum markers of protein malnutrition in CRF.


The invention relates to a method for providing measurement data for security documents for a specified usage purpose using a security document processing device which has a transport device for transporting the security documents and a sensor device for detecting at least one property of the security documents transported in the security document processing device by means of the transport device and forming measurement data which describe the detected property, wherein security documents are transported to the sensor device by means of the transport device and it is examined for said measurement data detected by means of the sensor device whether the measurement data of the security documents fulfill a suitability criterion specified for the usage purpose, and, in dependence on the result of the examining, measurement data for one of the security documents is either permanently saved or discarded.


Introduction Many scholars agree that ICTs play an increasingly important role in facilitating the educational processes and systems of today (AL-Hunaiyyan, Al-Huwail, & Al-Sharhan, 2008; Oh & Park, 2009; Vaughan & Garrison, 2006). E-learning has started to emerge in many developing countries where it has the potential to help meet an increasing demand for education and address the growing decline of trained teachers (UNESCO, 2006). The application of e-learning in developing countries has gradually advanced in recent years with an improved availability of Internet connections, local area networks, and IT support (Omidinia, Masrom, & Selamat, 2011; Tedre, Ngubuke, & Kempainnen, 2010; Williams, Mayer, & Minges, 2011). However, other challenges still prevail. In those countries, the active, participative student who is required for interactive learning is rare, and the traditional methods are widely used in teaching and learning (Andersson & Gronlund, 2009; Eastmond, 2000; Evans, 2005; Sehrt, 2003). In addition, the developing countries often lack the ability to implement advanced educational practices on their own (Andersson & Gronlund, 2009). Student characteristics are regarded as a critical success factor in e-learning in developing countries (Bhuasiri, Xaymoungkhoun, Zo, Rho, & Ciganek, 2012). These characteristics include computer self-efficacy, Internet self-efficacy, computer experience, Internet experience, computer anxiety, and attitudes toward e-learning (Chu & Chu, 2010; Chiu & Wang, 2008; Fuller et al., 2006; Pituch & Lee, 2006; Shih, Munoz, & Sanchez, 2006; Sun et al., 2008). Student attitudes are influenced by the quality and perceived ease of use of e-learning courses, functionality of e-learning platforms, and the level of student computer skills (Aixia W 2011). Their computer experience including perceived self-efficacy, enjoyment, and usefulness of using e-learning also plays a role (Liaw & Huang, 2011). In turn, positive student attitudes and behaviors towards e-learning are critical to their e-learning readiness and acceptance (Lim, Hong, & Tan, 2008; Selim, 2007). To inform the prospects of future e-learning initiatives in Libya, a study involving Libyan undergraduate engineering students was conducted in 2011-2013; the study examined the students' experiences and perceptions of e-learning to gauge their acceptance of, and preparedness for, e-learning. Statistical analysis was conducted to assess student attitudes towards e-learning, and to reveal the relationships between their attitudes and their demographic characteristics, access to technology, use of technology for learning, skill in technology, and satisfaction with technology. This paper presents an overview of student attitudes towards ICT and e-learning, it outlines the factors influencing those attitudes, and it discusses the findings of the study. Related Literature Student Attitudes towards ICT and E-learning in Developing Countries Research undertaken in the area of attitude and attitude formation shows that attitudes and beliefs are linked, and attitudes and behaviors are linked; moreover, attitudes are essentially divided into likes and dislikes (Siragusa & Dixon, 2008). With the broad expansion of ICT in education during the last decade, many research studies have explored the attitudes of users (educators and students) towards the integration of ICT in education (Gasaymeh, 2009; Mishra & Panda, 2007; Wen & Shih, 2008). University students in developing countries have varying attitudes towards e-learning but generally their attitudes are positive (El-Gamal & El-Aziz, 2011). This was emphasised by Nassoura (2012) who pointed out that many students had positive attitudes towards e-learning because it had a positive impact on their motivation as well as self-esteem. In some developing countries, the learning process and the adherence to traditional practices are inseparable. …


Reduction of waste oils and lubricants are indispensable because they are an important part of the volume of the organic waste generated worldwide. The recommended procedure for extending the lifetime of transformer oil is the reconditioning and reclamation process. The breakdown voltage test and the viscosity test of the transformer oil dielectric properties derived from the high vacuum purification process were investigated in this research. Varying transformer loading is represented as an increase in the temperature range from 30°C to 130°C. The test results of the breakdown voltage indicated that the reconditioning process increases the breakdown voltage value from 28.73 k V to 75.32 k V in the second round. The application of load variation on the transformer decreased the lifetime value of the transformer oil, but the reconditioning process was able to reduce the decline of from 0.01333% to 0.00889%.


The design content of the waste water reuse project for certain sewage purification company is firstly introduced. After water from sewage purification plant is further treated, how water can be reused in industry production is studied. The facts have proven that waste water reuse technology has obvious society and economy benefits.


Now welcome, the most inspiring book today from a very professional writer in the world, child sexual abuse a primer for treating children adolescents and their nonoffending parents. This is the book that many people in the world waiting for to publish. After the announced of this book, the book lovers are really curious to see how this book is actually. Are you one of them? That's very proper. You may not be regret now to seek for this book to read.


Ishtiyaq Shukri's novel, The silent minaret, centres on the disappearance of Issa Sham-suddin. Is his disappearance an act of defiance, or have "sinister forces" orchestrated his erasure? Issa's removal from the documenting machinery of the nation state can be seen as an act of insubordination: a means of protesting the categorization of the colonial body through the map of passports, visas, and permits. The problem with reading Issa's disappearance as a site of protest is that state-organized acts of "disappearance" are occurring simultaneously as the novel unfolds.The prisoners that Issa sees, on the television screen at the shisha cafe in London, are the first arrivees in what is to become a notorious system of prison colonies outside official US jurisdiction, outside the legal and physical borders of United States territory. Shukri draws parallels between the ventures of theVOC the manner in which labouring bodies were moved, removed, and erased in order to fulfil colonial desires and the way...


Development of new products with the given properties from the known raw
materials is one of the common research tasks in process engineering.
Usually the first step of research is a literature survey based on the
search for the specific keywords. Nowadays there exist many vast databases
of articles and patents, and the traditional, keywords-based, searching
tools are not always sufficient to find the desired information. The main
objective of this paper is to develop methodology for identification of new
materials, based on knowledge discovery. As an example, the proposed
methodology is applied for identification of new enzyme of microbial origin
capable of polymerizing lactose in aqueous solution, with the number of
required criteria.


In order to improve the overall efficiency of health resources utilization,and to improve the quality of health service in primary-level health institutions,the integration management reform of county,township-level and community level health institutions was conducted in Fangzi District.Through the reform,the health resources allocation in urban-rural areas tended to be rational and the residents' economic burden had been alleviated.


The capability of cyclic voltammetry for the characterization of bright and semi-bright nickel electrolytes is reported. Evaluation was made of the effect of various organic additives on the features of the resulting cyclic voltammograms. A method for quantifying of these additives is outlined. In addition, cyclic voltammograms are evaluated in terms of the corrosion performance of the nickel deposits. These data were compared with STEP test data.


1 Red cells M M M M M M M M M セ ingestionby the macrophages,The fate of the hremoglobln molecule has beenmore carefully studied. It is ultimately split into (i) the globin component,which is metabolized as part of the .general protein metabolism of the body. (Ii ) the iron, which is first passedto the tissue stores and then used again for hremoglobin synthesis,and (iii) the protoporphyrin component, which is converted into bilirubin and secretedin the bile. Only minimal amounts of iron are excreted, and these probably in the form of cellular debris.


Hills like White Elephants is a classic short story of Hemingway. In order to unearth more aesthetic values of the story, this paper tries to carry out an interpretation of Hills like White Elephants from Non-structural cohesion perspective, which is based on the theoretical achievements of Halliday and Hasan.


Body height reflects the standard of living in the first 18–20 years of life, while its changes serve as an index measuring the wellbeing of the society. Steady growth of body height in the Polish territory started in the 1860s. The changes recorded in earlier periods were reversible: the highest average was noted in Late Middle Ages, with body height then regressing until mid-19th century. The evolution of body height in Japan and Korea is a reflection of genetic and environmental conditions. The Japanese were higher than Koreans in the mid-20th century, but as the level of economic development of both countries became equal, the height of Koreans surpassed the average height of the Japanese. Even more dramatic influence of the environment can be noticed in the comparison of the body height of South and North Koreans over the 20th century.


This title features a wealth of digital resources to enhance and extend your work on Holes. Its comprehensive teachers' notes pull together the digital texts into coherent lesson plans. Interactive writing frames are included to structure writing tasks. It includes interactive text extracts on CD-ROM to annotate with your class. It features cross-curricular photos and videos to put the story in context. It includes author interviews and biography. It also features interactive whiteboard activities.


In autumn and for the second year running, the College participated in a full programme of events at all three political party conferences. Central to this was a series of seminars organised by the College on the collection and use of outcome data, which brought together key stakeholders from across the parties and the wider health sector. These meetings provided an ideal setting in which to launch a new policy briefing on this significant topic.


Objective:To explore the clinical significance of CA242 and CEA in lung cancer diagnosis,prognosis and estimation of surgical effect.Methods:Using enzyme linded immunosorbent assay(ELISA),the serum levels of CEA and CA242 in patients with lung cancer,benign disease and in normal control were determinated respectively.Results:①Serum concentrations of CA242 and CEA were significantly higher in patients with lung cancer than in patients with benign disease and normal control;②Within patients with lung cancer,serum concentration of CA242 and CEA were higher in stage Ⅲ than in stagen Ⅰ and stage Ⅱ,and higher in adenocarcinoma than in squamous cancer;③The use of CEA and CA242 in combination increased the sensitivity of lung cancer diagnosis;④The preoperative and postoperative levels of serum CA242 and CEA were significantly different.Conclusion:①CA242 and CEA can be used in diagnosis of lung cancer,the expressions of two markers are positively correlated with P TNM stage;②The two tumor markers are best expressed in adenocarcinoma;③Combination of CA242 and CEA can increase sensitivity of measurement;④Postoperative serum concentrations of CEA and CA242 reduces obviously,this testifies that the expression of the two markers is correlated with tumor burden,so it can imply the surgical effect and prognosis.


The effect on the capacity of indoor MIMO channel with LOS path caused by the different antenna array structures is analyzed by using a 2-D SBR ray-tracing. The results show different antenna array structures affect the CCDFS greatly in LOS indoor environments and the less antenna spacing is, the more capacities change of the MIMO channel will be. 10% outage capacities also show there exist a fixed relationship that i.i.d. Rayleigh channel capacity is larger than the capacity equipped with linear antenna array which is larger than the capacity equipped with circular antenna array and the capacity equipped with circular antenna array is larger than the capacity equipped with rectangular antenna array.


At present, due to the emphasis on the moral education process, such as rational inclination, a series of realistic problems have begun to emerge. With its super-utilitarian and affective characteristics, aesthetic education provides a new perspective and ideas for changing the status quo of moral education through its effective integration with moral education, showing its unique contemporary value. It must be pointed out that there is a difference and a connection between aesthetic education and moral education. In the process of integration, it is not easy to add the two together, nor can it always stay at the level of aesthetic education as a means. The integration of the two is always based on moral education. In the process of moral education, it effectively draws on the connotation of aesthetic education, internalizes into the spirit of moral education, and gradually advances, and finally achieves the goal of beautiful morality and beautiful life. However, in the practice of integration, there is more than rationality and lack of poetry, which shows the unfavorable tendency of the superficialization of aesthetic education and the extreme function of aesthetic education. In view of this status quo, based on the analysis of the characteristics of the combination of aesthetic education and moral education, this paper explores the improvement from the inner spirit of aesthetic education, combined with the Chinese poetic cultural tradition, from the emotional input and aesthetic sense of moral education, and the cultivation of poetic discourse ways to integrate the status quo.


This chapter examines the diversity advocates' imaginaries of work and labor, many of which are contradictory, both aligning with and critiquing market values. This topic matters because, especially as advocates envision their practices as potentially promoting worker power, their analyses generally do not fully account for the protean boundaries of so-called tech work and actual, material labor conditions, including the lower-status labor that supports Global North hacking. The chapter also focuses on ideations surrounding work and labor relationships within diversity initiatives. It demonstrates that various motivations for diversity advocacy sit in tension with one another. It also argues that the imagined relationships between diversity in tech and workplace preparedness are important because they expose the generative potentials in diversity advocacy.


In this paper, a wavelet based feature set is proposed and evaluated for texture segmentation. The wavelet transform (WT) of the image is taken to decompose the image into four frequency components (LL, LH, HL, HH). The roughness information of these components is then extracted in different scales. A Gaussian two-dimensional (2D) function is employed to extract the roughness information. The inverse WT is then applied to each component assuming other components are zero. This transforms the roughness feature from the frequency domain to the spatial domain. Thus, four distinct components are obtained for each scale. Some operators are finally applied to these components to get an informative feature set. For unsupervised segmentation of texture images, we use a K-means clustering algorithm in which the variance ratio is used to optimize the number of clusters. Since choosing inappropriate starting points in the K-means algorithm may create incorrect segmentation maps, we also propose a method to obtain the suitable initial points for starting the K-means algorithm. Our experimental results show the suitability of the proposed feature set for the 75 textures we studied. Also, the results show the robustness of the proposed method in choosing appropriate initial points for the K-means clustering. Index terms – Texture analysis, Wavelet transform, Roughness, K-means clustering.


Objective: To study rDNA ITS (internal transcribed spacers) sequences variation from di erent population of Aquilaria sinensis in main habitat of China. Methods: The rDNA ITS regions of various A. sinensis were ampli ed by PCR method and sequenced, and they were analyzed by means of the software of CLUSTAL and MEGA. Results: The sequences of rDNA ITS region of A. sinensis were reported for the rst time, and the sequences of ITS region were 680bp (ITS1 246bp, 5.8S 163bp, ITS2 271bp). There were 6 variable sites among populations and the genetic distance were 0.0% to 1.1%,which indicated the intraspecific genetic variation was low of A. sinensis. Conclusion: The variation of rDNA ITS sequences can be used to authenticate A.sinensis from di erent geographical regions and their adulterants.


The article summarized the research progress about isolation and identification of the flavonoids which existed in the Epimedium,provides the basis for the development of effective components of Epimedium.In all kinds of separation methods for the flavonoids,the solvent extraction has the characteristics of cheap and easily obtained.But it is the simplest and the most convenient by using the color reaction with the alkali to appraise the flavonoids in the Epimedium.


One of the latest authentication methods is by discerning human gestures. Previous research has shown that different people can develop distinct gesture behaviours even when executing the same gesture. Hand gesture is one of the most commonly used gestures in both communication and authentication research since it requires less room to perform as compared to other bodily gestures. There are different types of hand gesture and they have been researched by many researchers, but stationary hand gesture has yet to be thoroughly explored. There are a number of disadvantages and flaws in general hand gesture authentication such as reliability, usability, and computational cost. Although stationary hand gesture is not able to solve all these problems, it still provides more benefits and advantages over other hand gesture authentication methods, such as making gesture into a motion flow instead of trivial image capturing, and requires less room to perform, less vision cue needed during performance, and so forth. In this paper, we introduce stationary hand gesture authentication by implementing edit distance on finger pointing direction interval ED-FPDI from hand gesture to model behaviour-based authentication system. The accuracy rate of the proposed ED-FPDI shows promising results.


The Wasabi japonica 'DaMo' was used as test material in order to study the morphological and photosynthetic physiological characteristics under different shading(CK,60 % light transmittance,40 % light transmittance).The results showed that under 70 % light transmittance,their relative growth rate,net photosynthetic rate(Pn),transpiration rate(Tr),water use efficiency(WUE),and chlorophyll contents were higher,compared with those under 40 % light transmittance and CK.


The invention provides a contamination monitoring device which is used for monitoring the contamination degree of a monitored object in a specified environment. The contamination monitoring device comprises a first electrode part, a second electrode part, a current metering part, a comparing part and a determining part, wherein the first electrode part is provided with two electrodes and one humidity sensitive material spanning the two electrodes, the second electrode part is provided with the other two electrodes and the other humidity sensitive material spanning the other two electrodes, the current metering part is used for metering a first current flowing between the two electrodes and a second current flowing between the other two electrodes, the comparing part is used for comparing metering results of the first current and the second current, the determining part is used for determining and monitoring the contamination degree according to a comparison result, the first electrode part is arranged on a first site which has the same humidity condition as the specified environment, the second electrode part is arranged on a second site which has an environment, and the environment has the same humidity condition as the first site and is taken as a non-contaminated environment.


Map Reduce has become an important broadcast processing archetypal for all-embracing data-intensive applications like abstracts mining and web indexing. Hadoop an open-source accomplishing of Map Reduce is broadly acclimated for abbreviate jobs acute low acknowledgment time. The accepted Hadoop implementation assumes that accretion nodes in a arrangement are constant in nature. Abstracts belt has not been taken into annual for ablution abstract map tasks, because it is affected that a lot of maps are data-local. Unfortunately, both the accord and abstracts belt assumptions are not annoyed in virtualized abstracts centers. We appearance that blank the data-locality affair in amalgamate environments can acutely abate the Map reduce performance. In this paper, we abode the botheration of how to abode abstracts beyond nodes in a way that anniversary bulge has a counterbalanced abstracts processing load. Given a data-intensive appliance active on a Hadoop Map reduce cluster, our abstracts adjustment arrangement adaptively balances the bulk of abstracts stored in anniversary bulge to accomplish bigger data-processing performance. Experimental after-effects on two absolute data-intensive applications appearance that our abstracts adjustment action can consistently advance the Map reduce achievement by rebalancing abstracts beyond nodes afore bold a data-intensive appliance in a amalgamate Hadoop cluster.


by P.J. Allisy-Roberts and M. Boutillon Bureau International des Poids et Mesures, F-92312 Sevres Cedex, France F. Delaunay, E. Leroy and A. Ostrowsky Laboratoire Primaire des Rayonnements Ionisants, F-91193 Gif-sur-Yvette, France Comparison of the standards of air kerma of the Bureau National de Metrologie Laboratoire Primaire Rayonnements Ionisants (BNMLPRI) and of the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM) have been carried out in 137 Cs gamma radiation. They show that the BNM-LPRI and BIPM standards agree to within 0,2 %.


Service quality control has always been in the focus of attention of organizations in the market-oriented sector and it has also been attended to by the organizations in the public sector in the last 10 years. A lot of organizations are implementing quality control systems and they are looking for the optimum combination of tools and techniques to improve their services and to achieve complete satisfaction of their clients. However, the practical experience and empirical research carried out in the last 10 years prove that quality control is not only a matter of implementing procedures and techniques but also (and in the service sector above all) a matter of complex changes of culture within the organization.
The meaning the people in the organization associate with the term 'quality' is a significant manifestation of the organization's culture. The way the organization's workers understand this term influences their attitudes and behaviour and in this way also the level and the way of achieving quality in the organization. The extent to which both the organization's workers and its clients agree in the understanding of this term affects the efficiency of achieving the clients' satisfaction and thus – in accordance with the current theoretical definition of the quality – also the achievement of quality.
If the quality control is to be efficient, it is necessary that the organization's management knows and is aware of the meaning the organization's workers and clients associate with this term. Only on the basis of the knowledge what people understand under the term quality and what they associate it with in the specific field of services will the management be able to choose appropriate and efficient measures.
The identification of the content and meaning of the term quality in connection with services, especially with the services provided by the public sector, is highly demanding as far as a usable method is concerned. The method that seems to be appropriate for the given purpose and that has been little used for the quality management so far is mental mapping. Therefore, the verification of this method for the above-mentioned purpose is highly welcome.


In this article, we report that Ca8BiNa(PO4)6F2 fluorapatites, which were synthesised using a modified Pechini method and were first time doped with Dy3+ ions, are a promising material for yellow emitting phosphor for various optical applications. This fluorapatite has the ability to position activator Dy3+ ions in any of two cationic sites, namely M1 and M2, with distinct symmetries Cs and C3, respectively. After the sample was characterised, it was determined by XRD and Reitveld refinement analysis that it had crystallised into a hexagonal shape and belonged to the space group P63/m, matching the JCPDS file number 96-900-1879 According to the results of the PL analysis carried out by the Hitachi F-7100 spectrofluorophotometer, two emission peaks were obtained: one at 481 nm, which falls under the blue region, and the other at 575 nm, which falls under the bright yellow region. These two emission peaks correspond to the 4F9/2 to 6H15/2 and 4F9/2 to 6H13/2 transitions, respectively (Figure 5b). We suggest that the Ca8BiNa(PO4)6F2: Dy3+ can be employed as an excellent luminescent material with ultraviolet radiation as an excitation source for a variety of optical applications based on its optical properties. White light for WLED applications can be produced by a special phase doping of Dy3+ species in the host material with yellow and blue emission.


I The general acceptance of an evolutionary view of life and the world has already deeply affected psychology, philosophy, morality, education, sociology, and all of the sciences dealing with man. This view involves a recognition of the fact that not a single situation in life can be completely understood in its immediate aspects alone. Everything is to, be regarded as having an 'origin and a development, and we cannot afford to overlook the genesis and the stages of change. For instance, the psychologist or the neurologist does not at present attempt to understand the working or the structure of the human brain through the adult brain alone. He supplements his studies of the adult brain by iobservations on the workings of the infant mind, or by an examination of the structure of the infant brain. And he goes farther than this from the immediate aspects of his problem he examines the mental life and the brain of the monkey, the dog, the rat, the fish, the frog) and of every form of life possessing a nervous system, down to those having only a single cell;


Bifacial photovoltaic (PV) performance models strive to accurately quantify rear-incident irradiance. While ray tracing models are optically rigorous, they require significant computational resources; faster view factor (VF) models are widely adopted but require user-defined loss factors to approximate rear shading and irradiance nonuniformity, introducing uncertainty in energy yield predictions. This article describes DUET—a bifacial PV performance model that calculates optical and electrical performance based on a physically representative array geometry. DUET's novel shading algorithm pairs a 3-D VF model with deterministic ray-object intersections to capture 2-D shade-inclusive irradiance profiles while minimizing computational cost. Series and parallel combination of current–voltage curves capture irradiance nonuniformity throughout the module and array. This article provides validation against open-access system measurements from a test site in Roskilde, Denmark, and comparison to other software tested there [1]. DUET's modeled bifacial energy yield agrees with measured data within −1.56% for fixed-tilt and −0.65% for horizontal single-axis tracked (HSAT) systems. Mean absolute error (MAE) in hourly bifacial power is 14.2–15.0 mW/Wp for fixed-tilt and 17.3–18.3 mW/Wp for HSAT, depending on the module temperature model applied. Comparing modeled and measured rear irradiance of two rear-facing pyranometers, DUET's MAE values of 2.8 W/m$^{2}$ for fixed-tilt and 3.7 W/m$^{2}$ for HSAT are among the lowest errors reported for other software tested at this site. DUET provides computationally efficient bifacial performance modeling with geographic, temporal, and structural specificity to determine loss factors for use in other performance models or to be used directly in system design optimization.


A study of the structural and electrical properties of amorphous LaAlO3 (LAO)/Si thin films fabricated by molecular beam deposition (MBD) is presented. Two substrate preparation procedures have been explored namely a high temperature substrate preparation technique—leading to a step and terraces surface morphology—and a chemical HF-based surface cleaning. The LAO deposition conditions were improved by introducing atomic plasma-prepared oxygen instead of classical molecular O2 in the chamber. An Au/Ni stack was used as the top electrode for its electrical characteristics. The physico-chemical properties (surface topography, thickness homogeneity, LAO/Si interface quality) and electrical performance (capacitance and current versus voltage and TunA current topography) of the samples were systematically evaluated. Deposition conditions (substrate temperature of 550 °C, oxygen partial pressure settled at 10−6 Torr, and 550 W of power applied to the O2 plasma) and post-depositions treatments were investigated t...


One of the outstanding features of the coming Winter Convention is the "Electrical Communication" session scheduled for Thursday morning, February 16. At this session greetings will be exchanged between the Institute and its sister society in London, England, by radiotelephone which will be heard by the members of both societies at meetings held simultaneously. Nothing could better illustrate the wonderful and spectacular advances in the art of electrical communication than a comparison of this meeting with one held by the Institute twelve years ago under the leadership of General John J. Carty, at that time president of the A. I. E. E.


This paper presents a comparative study between three different design configurations of microstrip Meander Line Antennas (MLA) for ISM band applications. The configurations are: the classic MLA, the asymmetrical MLA and the log-periodic MLA. A parametric study was carried out by computational simulations in order to obtain the best antenna solution. The antennas were simulated and its behavior compared in terms of return loss and radiation pattern. The first antenna has a triple band operation, while the other ones a dual band operation. The radiation pattern of the three antennas are near-omnidirectional.


The importance of Richard Kilvington's thought has already been brought to light by historians of science and philosophy. His ethical and theological views, however, still await analysis. This edition of one of Kilvington's ethical questions, "Utrum prudentia sit habitus cum recta ratione activus circa hominis bona et mala," is intended to be a first step in reviving Kilvington's ethical and theological writings. The question testifies to the uniqueness of Kilvington's methods of argumentation, which can best be described as "argumentative sophistication", and to the originality of his philosophical concepts.


Object tracking system is a very vast field which discovers its applications in security, defense and industrial, purposes. Path following, monitoring and pinpointing is the core of all the above mentioned examples but there are few limitations. For smooth movement and perfect results many techniques were tested but the focus was to make assembly as light weighted and cost effective as possible, whereas strong enough to drag maximum possible weight. Efficient path following, pinpointing and assembly dragging algorithm is developed and implemented using laser mesh which is spread all over the room and is responsible for all the target motion. The administrator of the secure area can view/control the complete restricted area by sitting in cabin remotely. Wireless camera is used to take the view of restricted area and the intruder. Camera is mounted on the platform that moves to and fro and also has rotating and tilting ability up to 360 degrees.


The role of budget in organization causes needing participation from all of members' organization when the budget was assignment. All lot of budgets do not often use with good when result disadvantages purpose. This case happens if employee wants seeing good job of manager and think budget as an emphasis to reach the purpose. The purpose of this research is to prove empiric about the effect of attitude, commitment and trust toward Budgetary Slack. 65 person of employee BPOM and BAPELKES city follow participation as respondent of the research. The data is collected with given direct questionnaires to respondent. The tool of statistic formula that is used to exam hypothesis which is Twin Linear Regression Formula with helping computer program of SPSS version 16.0. The result of hypothesis shows that is got significant effect of attitude variable and Trust toward Budgetary Slack. Meanwhile, commitments variables do not have effects which are significant of Budgetary Slack. Keyword: Attitude, Commitment, Trust, Budgetary Slack


From the day of invention of Radium, brachytherapy has been practised worldwide. Can any technological advancement in external beam
radiotherapy replace brachytherapy? Answer probably no, especially in Gynaecological cancers as categorically stated by GEC-ESTRO experts.
External beam radiation therapy using contemporary conformal techniques and brachytherapy play a signicant role in the management of oral
cavity cancer. Small sized tumors in most of the oral cavity sites can be managed with brachytherapy alone either with intraoral cone or interstitial
brachytherapy in order to minimize exposure of normal tissue. As these techniques do not treat regional lymph node basins, they are only
appropriate to use as a single modality in selected stage I and II patients. The risk of occult nodal involvement in stage I and II is very low. External
beam radiation therapy to the draining lymph node regions is used as the primary mode of irradiation when regional lymph nodes are at signicant
risk for subclinical involvement, and brachytherapy may be added as a boost to the primary tumor. Since head and neck cancers are Surgeons
domain, number of patients reporting to Radiation Oncology department is too low to carry out large randomized trial. Most of the patients report to
Radiation Oncology department in either in late stage or in an early stage with poor general condition. This paves the way for selection bias and, of
course, inferior results when compared with other modality. To evaluate the role of this therapy in treatment of head and neck cancers, we have
reviewed its outcomes with oral cavity cancer. In conclusion, brachytherapy with or without EBRT can be an alternative to surgery in early and
locally advanced oral cavity cancers although concrete evidence is yet to be produced with a sophisticated study in a reproducible manner


Summary Esterase activity in the human kidney is not visualized in paraffin sections of acetone fixed tissues with Gomori's technic and only very irregularly wiht the azo dye method. It can be regularly demonstrated with both methods in fresh frozen sections. In 5 of 7 renal carcinomas esterase was found in the cytoplams of tumor cells if fresh frozen sections were used but not in paraffin fixed materila.


We present an approximate inference method, based on a synergistic combination of Rényi αdivergence variational inference (RDVI) and rejection sampling (RS). RDVI is based on minimization of Rényi α-divergence Dα(p||q) between the true distribution p(x) and a variational approximation q(x); RS draws samples from a distribution p(x) = p̃(x)/Zp using a proposal q(x), s.t. Mq(x) ≥ p̃(x),∀x. Our inference method is based on a crucial observation that D∞(p||q) equals logM(θ) where M(θ) is the optimal value of the RS constant for a given proposal qθ(x). This enables us to develop a two-stage hybrid inference algorithm.


Based on analyzing the deformation characteristics of hot forming pipe fittings with A335P92 steel,the hot forming process of A335P92 steel is proposed,which is proved to be feasible by tests and inspection of products.It is shown for the hot forming process of A335P92 steel by tests that the heating temperature is 950~1 100 ℃,the heating preservation time is 1~2 h.In addition,some defects such as flaws will not occur after hot forming between 650 ℃ and 1 100 ℃ even though by water quench,and free cooling is permitted.


The emergence of fog and edge computing has complemented cloud computing in the design of pervasive, computing-intensive applications. The proximity of fog resources to data sources has contributed to minimizing network operating expenditure and has permitted latency-aware processing. Furthermore, novel approaches such as serverless computing change the structure of applications and challenge the monopoly of traditional Virtual Machine (VM)-based applications. However, the efforts directed to the modeling of cloud applications have not yet evolved to exploit these breakthroughs and handle the whole application lifecycle efficiently. In this work, we present a set of Topology and Orchestration Specification for Cloud Applications (TOSCA) extensions to model applications relying on any combination of the aforementioned technologies. Our approach features a design-time "type-level" flavor and a run time "instance-level" flavor. The introduction of semantic enhancements and the use of two TOSCA flavors enables the optimization of a candidate topology before its deployment. The optimization modeling is achieved using a set of constraints, requirements, and criteria independent from the underlying hosting infrastructure (i.e., clouds, multi-clouds, edge devices). Furthermore, we discuss the advantages of such an approach in comparison to other notable cloud application deployment approaches and provide directions for future research.


Objective:To study the characteristic of staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec(SCCmec) type used in methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus(MRSA).Methods:According to routine process,sputum,urine,blood,excreta and other samples which collected from Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University,Tongji Hospital of Wuhan,and other six hospitals were cultured.Indentification of MRSA was conducted with coagulase test,routine biochemical identification,a rapid confirmatory latex agglutination test and Bio-Merieux products API staph test.The methods to determine MRSA are Cefoxitin disc diffusion test and the detection of mecA gene.Multiplex PCR was used for amplificating SCCmec element.Variants that could not be typed were undertakn mec and ccr gene complex typing,respectively.The genotypes of SCCmec were differentiated based on the combination of mec and ccr gene complex.Results:In this experiment,127 staphylococcus aureus were isolated,78 strains of them were MRSA(51 strains from Tianjin,and 27 strains from Wuhan).Among our MRSA isolates,SCCmec-Ⅰ 1,SCCmec-Ⅱ 4,SCCmec-Ⅲ 62,SCCmec-Ⅴ 3,no type Ⅳ and Ⅵ were detected according to SCCmec typing.There are 8 strains that could not be typed with these methods.Conclusion:MRSA isolated in this experimentation were mainly type Ⅲ according to SCCmec typing.


In his Rhetoric, Aristotle defines three types of persuation: ethos, pathos, and logical proof based on argument. Lope de Vega also calls for verisimilitude in his Arte Nuevo. This article intends to demonstrate how and to what level Lope de Vega uses classical rhetoric to develop bis characters, and thereby, to amplify the most dramatic moments of three comedies: El caballero de Olmedo, El villano en su rincon, and La estrella de Sevilla. Rhetoric is studied mostly here in diatribes where characters must defend themselves, apologize, explain past actions, or persuade others to their point of view.


This driving simulation study investigates the effect of coffee intake as a countermeasure on sleepiness and driving performance decrement in sleep-deprived condition. Twelve university students (mean age of $21.2 \pm 0.2$ years) drove following an urban route after 24 h sleep deprivation without drinking coffee or with a cup coffee containing 89.4 mg caffeine in two separate days and random order. Sleepiness level was assessed employing a subjective sleepiness scale and heart rate variability. The results show that consuming a cup of coffee before driving in sleep-deprived condition may enhance sympathetic nerve activities and improve driving performance. From these findings, it suggests that consuming coffee may be useful as sleepiness countermeasure in a sleep-deprived condition.