Integral histogram enables constant time histogram computation of an area. Mark Harris proposed a parallel prefix sum algorithm in CUDA GPGPU for integral histogram initialization. Because of the restricted number of threads in a block in CUDA, Harris' algorithm divides a large image into multiple blocks. Such division increases the number of global memory access and becomes a major reason of performance degradation. In this paper we propose an allocation scheme that maps multiple pixels into a thread when the integral histogram is initialized for a large image. The proposed allocation scheme fully utilizes shared memory and reduces the number of accesses to global memory. Experimental results shows that the execution time of the proposed algorithm is 94.7% ~ 99.8% compared to that of Harris' algorithm.


"When a reasonable person meets a rude person,nothing to reason".This is not because the rude person is silly,or hard to reason but because they didn't have anything in common.They put forth two standards of reasoning from their own angles of benefit——reasoning with language and reasoning with fist.The two standards originates the reasoning's subjective and varieties.Actually between the reasoning of language and the fist is the arguement of benefit.The key to determine who will win is not because who is right,but because who is "forceful".The author thinks the biggest force represents the common benefit and the right benefit.The article expresses his own idea based on this clue and some social phenomena.


Here is what you need to know to begin understanding Joint Technical Architecture in system development, including compliance and achieving system interoperability. This article describes how the four basic principles of the Common Operating Environment (COE) are addressed in its development process as it responds to past successes and evolving open frameworks. For those new to Defense Information Infrastructure (DII), here is an overview of its prominent features and how to use its common operating environment to build a computing system with reusable software components. This article describes products, processes, tools, and techniques that have been developed to meet the integrators' needs for Defense Information Infrastructure Common Operating Environment-compliant real-time systems. This article is an introduction to dominant battlefield awareness (DBA), and how it is used to define a " Build DBA " mission, including how abilities are connected to mission completion. and Design, is a self-taught graphic artist/designer who freelances print and Web design projects. Robot design concepts by Drew Bingham.


We study the Terahertz (THz) emission mechanism in BSCCO with an external magnetic field theoretically. The total power is proportional to the square of the number of layers and the frequency. Under the small size limitation, the angular distribution is similar to that in the dipole emission. The present theoretical results for THz power output are in the same order of magnitude as the experimental ones, in contrast with previous simulations. A series of size-dependent intrinsic frequencies are also observed. When the external frequency induced by the external current resonates with intrinsic ones, the distinct THz emission is observed.


The "Welcoming the Newborn and Parenthood" workshop serves as mediation within a french accommodation center for asylum-seekers. Mediation is used, here, as a caregiving tool halfway between the exile and perinatality fields. Supported by the group, its functions and cultural objects used as mediation tools, this workshop aims towards reinstating a continuity where exile and psychological rewindings due to maternity have created a discontinuity. Creating links between past and present, here and elsewhere, body and mind, mother and baby, and therefore restoring self-continuity as well as within external relationships, are all indications for investing this mediation group. From various clinical situations, the authors describe how the transitional space created can help enhance parental competences and reinforce the mother-baby relationship though the interbreeding of practices.


The product sound quality with its objective and subjective properties is an important design l neural networks, sound quality, annoyance, principle components gineering Jeju International Convention Center, Seogwipo, Korea, August 25-28, 2003 An Application for Hair Dryers ical University, Mechanical Engineering Istanbul, TURKEY ss: nurturkdogru@h ical University, Mechanical Engineering De Istanbul, TURKEY parameter that discriminates the similar products in the market today. In this study, using the attributes of sound determined from the objective sound measurements, the artificial neural networks are used to predict the human response to a specific sound. The product chosen for the analysis in the present study is the hair dryer. The sounds of several hair dryers are measured and for each sound, twenty-seven sound quality metrics and twenty-two 1/3octave band values are calculated. At the same time the jury tests are performed to find out the subjective human response to hair dryer sounds. The results of the jury tests are analyzed by principle components analysis (PCA) and an annoyance factor is obtained. By taking this annoyance factor as the output an artificial neural network, composed of sub-networks, is trained. The results obtained are compared with the results of another study based on the PCA. To conclude, a relationship between objective parameters of sound and subjective ratings is constructed and by using the same network it is possible to estimate the perceptual human response to any hair dryer sound from the objective parameters of the sound without performing jury tests.


Flash floods cause more deaths than any other weather-related phenomena. There are many, many different hydro-meteorological paths that can lead to a flash flood. This fact, combined with the short-fused nature of the phenomena, makes flash flood prediction an extremely challenging operational forecast problem. With the completion of its modernization, the National Weather Service (NWS) is in a better position than ever before to address this problem in a comprehensive manner.


Review(s) of: Rape: A History from 1860 to the Present, by Joanna Bourke, Virago Press, London, 2007 (ISBN 9781844081547). Includes references.


This article argues that young women and girls are significant stakeholders in peace and security efforts. Understanding their roles, views and capacity is essential to an adequate perspective on peace and security. Yet girls remain the most marginalised group when it comes to peace and security efforts globally. Gender- and age-based hierarchies often leave their interests ignored. Excluding girls hinders prospects for sustainable peace by denying their rights, entrenching inequity and affecting future chances for increasing women's participation. Australian government statements on Women, Peace and Security are evaluated on how they relate to young women and girls. The article presents a series of cases to analyse how young women are impacted by security factors, how they are actively working to create peace and security, and how to better include girls in seeking peace. Options for action by Australian policymakers are discussed. 本文指出,青少年女性是和平与安全努力的重要相关方。正确的和平安全观需要理解这些青少年女性的角色、观点和能力。但全世界但凡涉及和平安全,女孩都是一个最边缘化的群体。性别及年龄的等级制忽视了她们的利益。对女孩的排斥拒绝了她们的权利,强化了不平等,妨碍了妇女未来的参与,这都不利于未来的持久和平。作者评估了澳大利亚政府关于妇女、和平及安全的宣示与青少年女性有多大关系。本文分析了安全因素如何影响年轻女性,青年女性右如何积极致力于创建和平及安全,和平事业该如何吸收女孩等等。作者还讨论了澳大利亚政策制定者的行动选择。


Glove and stocking distribution rash has previously been reported with viral infections like parvovirus etc. Drug induced glove and stocking distribution rash is very rare. We hereby report such a rsh associated with vancomycin as part of pharmacovigilance.


This study focuses on the inventory problems for serial-type and
assembly-type supply chains. Since the mainline and each branch line of the
assembly-type supply chain can be treated as a serial-type supply chain, a
model of a serial-type supply chain is first constructed and then an
integrated model is developed for the whole assembly-type supply chain. Both
problems are solved optimally by the proposed polynomial-time algorithm,
which determines the economic lot size, the optimal batch sizes, and the
number of batches for each stage. Numerical examples are included to
illustrate the algorithmic procedures.


Strategies and patterns of meaning construction vary within and across languages, depending on how contexts of interpretation are constrained within a language community (Green, 2009; LaPolla, 2006). Not all meaning is expressed via traditional linguistic constituency; speakers and signers also manipulate various 'non-verbal' semiotic devices (Enfield, 2009). These include gradient and combinatoric properties of gestural elements, enactments, pointing signs and depicting signs (Liddell, 2003).  The Auslan Corpus ( http://www.auslan.org.au/about/corpus/ ) is being enriched with annotations to investigate how predicate-argument relations are expressed in Auslan. These predicate-argument relations are semantically identified across three text types: (1) spontaneous narrative, (2) stimulated narrative, and (3) conversation. The form, frequency, and distribution of predicate and argument elements in these relations can then be described empirically (Haspelmath, 2010). Here I present a typology of non-verbal semiotic devices that frequently function as elements of predicate-argument relations in a signed language. This research integrates gestural studies with signed language linguistics, and contributes to our understanding of how different semiotic strategies combine in language use (Green, 2009).


The utility model provides an elastic suspension device which can rise and fall, belonging to the technical field of vehicles. Each set of suspension device can support and control two wheels. The utility model comprises two pairs of spring plates spaced vertically, a swing pin hole seat, a lift slide sleeve, a lift support seat, a lift hydraulic pressure cylinder, a pair of wheel hub seats or steering knuckle-steering knuckle fork combination, a vibration damper beam, and a vibration damper. The convex surface of each pair of spring plate is turned up and one end of the spring plate is respectively hinged on the two swing pin shafts of the lift slide sleeve by the swing pin hole seat arranged fixedly at the middle, the other end of the spring plate is hinged on the wheel hub seat or steering knuckle fork (used for steering wheel) of the two wheels supported by the suspension device. The vibration damper beam on the lift slide sleeve is used for installing the vibration damper and the position-limiting block. The lift slide sleeve is connected together with the related parts and can be controlled fixedly in the lift support seat on the chassis beam support for vertical movement by the lift hydraulic pressure cylinder so as to adjust the height of vehicle body. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, good adaptability and high integration degree.


Background:Failure of castration resistant prostate cancer patients to Androgen Receptor Signaling Inhibitor (ARSI) poses a major challenge in terms of therapeutic development. The heterogeneous nature of prostate cancer makes it difficult to stratify the treatment modalities. A multitude of variable pathological and genetic alterations induced by systemic treatment adds further to the therapeutic complexity. Upon continued exposure to enzalutamide (ARSI), nearly 15-20% of castration resistant patients advance towards a highly aggressive neuroendocrine like phenotype with concomitant functional loss of RB1 and TP53 and persistent AR expression in some. Elucidation of the underlying mechanism of resistance among this aggressive subset of patients is of utmost importance to clinically stratify the treatment options and target these advanced neuroendocrine like patients, who currently lack specific treatment approaches. The following study aims to identify the molecular signature responsible for driving this enzalutamide resistant neuroendocrine like development. Objective:The primary objective of the study is to identify the molecular mechanism behind ARSI induced neuroendocrine like Prostate cancer development. Methods:We have developed two cell line model systems. C4-2 has been genetically modified to develop a simultaneous genetic loss of RB1 and TP53 (DKD). C4-2B has been kept on continued exposure to Enzalutamide to develop Enzalutamide Resistant (C4-2BER). C4-2BER maintains AR expression while DKD loses AR expression, resembling different stages in neuroendocrine like development. Using Western Blot and RT PCR analysis the neuroendocrine like background of these resistant cell line models has been characterized. We performed an RNA-Seq with C4-2B and its resistant model C4-2BER and further downstream analysis through gene ontology and GSEA were performed. Results:Model system characterization study revealed neuroendocrine like characteristics and gene expression. Genetic analysis revealed an upregulation of multiple genes in C4-2BER in comparison to its parental C4-2B, which is comparable to patient dataset available online. GSEA analysis revealed several neuronal biology related pathways to be prominently upregulated among C4-2BER. Further analysis revealed that expression of WT1, which binds near most of these upregulated genes, is downregulated in C4-2BER. Conclusions:The downregulation of WT1 is noted during progression from CRPC towards enzalutamide resistant neuroendocrine development in C4-2BER, which is in turn accompanied with various epigenetic changes. Understanding such pattern of changes and identifying the underlying molecular signature would help elucidate the targets behind treatment induced neuroendocrine characteristics from a therapeutic point of view. Citation Format: Sreyashi Bhattacharya, Ridwan Islam, Sanika Bodas, Navatha Polavaram, Kaustubh Datta, Samikshan Dutta. Second generation androgen receptor signaling inhibitor resistant neuroendocrine like prostate cancer: A mechanistic study [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021; 2021 Apr 10-15 and May 17-21. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(13_Suppl):Abstract nr 1326.


The aerodynamic effects of the recession of the ablative thermal protection system for the Orion Command Module of the Crew Exploration Vehicle are important for the vehicle guidance. At the present time, the aerodynamic effects of recession being handled within the Orion aerodynamic database indirectly with an additional safety factor placed on the uncertainty bounds. This study is an initial attempt to quantify the effects for a particular set of recessed geometry shapes, in order to provide more rigorous analysis for managing recession effects within the aerodynamic database. The aerodynamic forces and moments for the baseline and recessed geometries were computed at several trajectory points using multiple CFD codes, both viscous and inviscid. The resulting aerodynamics for the baseline and recessed geometries were compared. The forces (lift, drag) show negligible differences between baseline and recessed geometries. Generally, the moments show a difference between baseline and recessed geometries that correlates with the maximum amount of recession of the geometry. The difference between the pitching moments for the baseline and recessed geometries increases as Mach number decreases (and the recession is greater), and reach a value of -0.0026 for the lowest Mach number. The change in trim angle of attack increases from approx. 0.5deg at M = 28.7 to approx. 1.3deg at M = 6, and is consistent with a previous analysis with a lower fidelity engineering tool. This correlation of the present results with the engineering tool results supports the continued use of the engineering tool for future work. The present analysis suggests there does not need to be an uncertainty due to recession in the Orion aerodynamic database for the force quantities. The magnitude of the change in pitching moment due to recession is large enough to warrant inclusion in the aerodynamic database. An increment in the uncertainty for pitching moment could be calculated from these results and included in the development of the aerodynamic database uncertainty for pitching moment.


A new method for determining the crystal orientation of [011] poled relaxor ferroelectric single crystal (RFSC) disks has been developed. This Technical Note describes the measurement techniques and mathematical approaches associated with this new method, which is possible due to the anisotropic response of [011] poled single crystal disks. Experimentally, the disks are subject to a distributed edge load at a series of angular orientations, with the output voltage recorded at each orientation. Equations have been developed to govern a particle swarm to find an optimised fit to the experimental data yielding the crystal orientation of the disk which is required for practical applications. Approximate values for the piezoelectric charge constants d31, d32 are also determined. The method is demonstrated on a RFSC Mn-PMN-PZ-PT disk, comparing favourably with a synchrotron x-ray transmission diffraction study on the same disk.


The author in his present paper describes the testing, standardization, and applications of a newly developed questionnaire to obtain quantitative data on encephalopathic behavior patterns of five- to ten-year-old children by interrogating parents, teachers, and educators. The results of extreme-group and factor-analysis validation show that the questionnaire is suitable for use in pedoneuropsychiatric interrogation.


In the combustion process, detonation wave is generated when the reaction wave
coincides with the shock wave at supersonic speed. Shock wave propagated at high
pressure, it would be dangerous to human if detonation accidents occur. In
conditions of rich mixture or lean mixture, the detonation wave may propagate by
using one detonation cell only, this condition is usually called as detonation
marginal. By knowing the detonation limits in marginal areas, the consequences of
an accident due to detonation can be avoided or minimized. In these experiments,
various concentrations of hydrogen gas mixture with air and oxygen oxidizer is
used as the main fuel and argon added to control the reaction rate. The fuel mixture
in the circular cross section of detonation test tube is at room temperature condition
and an initial pressure of 100 kPa. The experimental results showed characteristics
of shock wave velocity and pressure on marginal detonation lower than the
Ordinary. This is seen in the case of hydrogen fuel air mixture, which the pressure
reaches 11.56 times from the initial pressure and velocity reaches 0.76 VCJ. The
ordinary detonation pressure value can reach 15-16 times from the initial pressure
and velocity approaching the value of 0.92 VCJ. The addition of argon gas into the
fuel mixture will narrow limits marginal areas as a result of a decrease in the rate
of the combustion reaction.
Keyword: Combustion, Detonation, Marginal, Reaction Wave, Shock Wave


Introduction: Cardiac fibrosis is the pathologic consequence of stress-induced myocardial remodeling and matrix accumulation. Our group and others have previously reported that genetic deficiency of the serine protease inhibitor, plasminogen activator inhibitor type I (PAI-1), leads to age-dependent spontaneous cardiac-selective fibrosis. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that PAI-1 knockout mice (PAI-1 -/-) would exhibit accelerated fibrosis following myocardial stress, and that PAI-1 serves as a molecular switch that regulates TGF-β, extracellular matrix, and integrin expression following cardiac injury. Results: Following infusion of Angiotensin II (AngII) via osmotic minipump (1000 ng/kg/min) PAI-1 -/- mice exhibit augmented cardiac fibrosis (16.4% vs 3.4% fibrotic area, p 3 -integrin expression occurs both during aging as well as AngII-induced interstitial fibrosis in PAI-1 -/- mice. Whole heart RNA sequencing analysis after only 1 week of AngII treatment reveals that PAI-1 -/- mice had marked elevation in transcripts for multiple forms of collagen, as well as other matrix components including matricellular proteins compared to WT mice. Cardiac integrin transcripts were also significantly altered, with the most pronounced elevation observed in integrin β 3 . Finally, absence of PAI-1 led to dramatic increases in cardiac TGF-β and TGF-β-receptor RNA in response to AngII. Interestingly, immunostaining also demonstrates that ventricular myocytes are a major source of TGF-β in the PAI-1 -/- heart. Conclusions: PAI-1 is a key negative regulator of cardiomyocyte TGF-β expression and fibrosis in response to AngII. Together, these results define an upstream role of PAI-1 in matrix homeostasis and TGF-β-mediated fibrogenesis in multiple forms of cardiac stress.


Electric vehicles range is limited by the available storage systems and it is influenced by many external factors such as ambient temperature, vehicle auxiliary systems and driving patterns. An accurate and reliable estimation of the remaining energy and, as a consequence, of the available travelling distance is one of the key factors that allows drivers to consciously take advantage of their electric vehicle (EV).The present paper describes the application of a previously-defined model for EVs batteries to estimate on line the available range. The effectiveness of the proposed methodology, which has been designed in order to use a reduced set of measurements, has been validated on a real Lithium-ion cell simulating three different EVs under two different temperatures and with two standard test driving cycles.


The construction of low-carbon city evaluation index system is vital to the development of a low-carbon city.Summarizing researches at home and abroad in terms of connotation,domestic low-carbon evaluation index,international experience learning,this review finds that most countries pay great attention to the energy consumption of transportation,business and public buildings and dwelling houses for developing carbon cities.Overseas experience will help establish domestic low-carbon city index system and assess the developing level of low-carbon city in our country,offering the basis for scientific,comprehensive evaluation and study on the coordination of three systems in terms of economic,environment and society.


This paper presents a reliable technology for GPS/Global'naya Navigatsionnaya Sputnikovaya Sistema (GLONASS) surveying under difficult observational conditions, i.e., in forest environments. The technology is based on the rapid static and Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) methods. Test surveys for the developed technology were carried out on a point in a dense forest, with a high degree of difficulty for satellite access. The coordinates of the point were determined by three GPS/GLONASS receivers positioned in a line on a special base, which were separated by a fixed distance of 0.5 m. The test surveys were conducted using Topcon HiPer Pro receivers with 10-Hz RTK positioning and gathering data at a sampling rate of 10 Hz. Practical tests for the presented technology showed that rapid static surveys based on three rover GPS/GLONASS receivers were a quite efficient technology in forest environments (unlike the RTK) and allowed for reliable centimeter accuracy of the determined positions to be obtained in 5-min observational sessions.


Sulzer Hexis Ltd has been developing and producing high temperature fuel cells of SOFC (Solid Oxide Fuel Cell) type for more than ten years. With the end of 2001, the company began testing its CE-certified fuel cell system HXS 1000 Premiere for operation on natural gas, and to date approximately 110 pre-series systems have been manufactured and delivered. In co-operation with utilities and installers, these systems are installed mainly in single-family homes and public buildings. Experience with the pre-series systems under realistic conditions is supplying valuable information for continued development. The decision to begin the pre-series phase in cooperation with partner companies has proved to be a good one, making it possible to initiate and implement a series of improvements that has significantly increased system stability as compared with the beginning of the test phase. Degradation of the cell stack is still too high at present, and suitable measures are taken to increase its lifetime. Parallel to the practical tests with HXS 1000 Premiere, developments are underway for a near-series fuel cell system.


For a perfect Lie algebra $\mathfrak{h}$ we classify all Lie algebras containing $\mathfrak{h}$ as a subalgebra of codimension $1$. The automorphism groups of such Lie algebras are fully determined as subgroups of the semidirect product $\mathfrak{h} \ltimes (k^* \times {\rm Aut}_{\rm Lie} (\mathfrak{h}))$. In the non-perfect case the classification of these Lie algebras is a difficult task. Let $\mathfrak{l} (2n+1, k)$ be the Lie algebra with the bracket $[E_i, G] = E_i$, $[G, F_i] = F_i$, for all $i = 1, \dots, n$. We explicitly describe all Lie algebras containing $\mathfrak{l} (2n+1, k)$ as a subalgebra of codimension $1$ by computing all possible bicrossed products $k \bowtie \mathfrak{l} (2n+1, k)$. They are parameterized by a set of matrices ${\rm M}_n (k)^4 \times k^{2n+2}$ which are explicitly determined. Several matched pair deformations of $\mathfrak{l} (2n+1, k)$ are described in order to compute the factorization index of some extensions of the type $k \subset k \bowtie \mathfrak{l} (2n+1, k)$. We provide an example of such extension having an infinite factorization index.


Time, Culture and Identity questions the modern western distinctions between: * nature and culture * mind and body * object and subject. Drawing on the philosophy of Martin Heidegger, Julian Thomas develops a way of writing about the past in which time is seen as central to the emergence of the identities of people and objects.


Previous studies of sleep patterns and problems in preterm infants and toddlers have yielded inconsistent results, with some studies noting differences on salient sleep parameters and others indicating similarities. Furthermore, little is known about any differences about sleep-related behaviors. Thus, the current aims of this study were to assess sleep patterns, problems, and sleep-related behaviors in young children born prematurely who were NICU graduates.

 Caregivers of 262 children (53.4% boys; 35.9% Black, 40.5% White, 23.6% Other) being followed in a neonatal follow-up clinic at their corrected age one-year (10–16 months) or two-year (22–28 month) visit completed the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire-Revised SF (BISQ-R SF).

 At approximately one year of age, infants were going to bed at 8:36, taking 33 minutes to fall asleep, and waking .63 times per night for 19 minutes, for a total nighttime sleep duration of 8'01". Similarly, at approximately two years of age, infants were going to bed at 8:16, taking 26.7 minutes to fall asleep, and waking .94 times per night for 16.3 minutes, for a total nighttime sleep duration of 8'26". Sleep problems were reported by 18.1% and 19.6% of caregivers, respectively, with the majority indicating that their child slept well (78.5% and 76.5%) and minimal bedtime difficulties (13.6% and 14.6%). The majority of infants slept in their own crib (81%), with infants more likely to room share at 1-year compared to 2-year (49% vs 35%), and almost half falling asleep independently (43% and 46%).

 Overall, sleep patterns and parent-perceived sleep problems (18–20%) in these NICU graduates were better than expected, and similar to normative data of similar age children (Sadeh et al., 2008). However, these infants/toddlers obtained less nighttime (8–8.5 hrs vs 10 hrs). Sleep education of parents of NICU graduates should not only focus on sleep behaviors, but also on ensuring sufficient sleep.
 Support (if any):


The article presents an analysis of the "national policy" of the Provisional Government. The events of the February Revolution exacerbated a number of problems associated with the national question in the state, and these events led the new government to necessity to develop and implement policies to meet the requirements of the time. The national policy of the Provisional Government was based on the party ideology of the Cadets, the Octobrists, the Socialist-Revolutionaries, and was an eclectic approach to solve the "national question." The Provisional Government defended the idea of the indivisibility of Russia, so in the very first policy documents abandoned the idea of the empire's disintegration on the national basis, and the solution of the "national question" was seen in the provision of cultural autonomy, the development of language and ethnic identity of the peoples from the national borderlands. The Provisional Government sought to develop the variability approach to the national question in large ethnic regions: Poland, Finland, Ukraine, Central Asia and Kazakhstan. However, the rise of nationalism in the borderlands of the Russian State, the spread of the ideas of regionalism required more fundamental changes. Therefore, the course chosen by the Provisional Government, did not find support in the society, and democratic initiatives were not enough in the time of difficult inter-revolutionary period. The confidence in the preservation of Russia undivided, the inertia of the control system, the loss of control over the national situation in the state led to the failure of the Provisional Government's policy in the national sphere.DOI 10.14258/izvasu(2016)2-01


The Coking Plant Kaiserstuhf has a coke dry cooling plant, which in contrast to the generally existing wet quenching treatments fulfills all the prerequisites of environmental protection and of heat recovery. The possibility of a comprehensive heat recovery by the coke dry cooling plant leads to a considerable improvement of the thermal efficiency of the coking process. The steam, produced by the cooling gas in a waste heat boiler, can be used for electricity and process generation. Of the electricity generated in a combined heat and power station (25MW), 10 MW are fed into the public grid. The paper describes the chemical-technical concept of the coke dry cooling and the combined heat and power station


Four coils have been built and installed in the JET vacuum vessel to produce divertor plasmas. The coils are copper with glass epoxy insulation and are enclosed in vacuum tight Inconel cases. At the coil contractor's factory, the coil parts were manufactured and process techniques qualified. In the JET vacuum vessel the conductors bars were brazed to form the coils, which were inserted in the casings and impregnated and cured with epoxy resin. >


The PigTrop website has been a unique and collaborative information centre about pig science in the tropics since April 2003. It is run by the French Agricultural Research Centre for International Development (CIRAD) and gathers contributions from researchers and from numerous international scientific institutions, which are considered as partners. It is designed to meet the need for a one-stop website giving information on pig systems in the tropics, to communicate on R&D activities and to create an informal and collaborative network in Asia but also to serve Africa and South America. Its activities mainly focus on education and access to information for researchers, students, professionals and development agencies. A new version, PigTrop 2.0, is under construction to improve the usefulness of this web platform and to better meet the demand of southern country partners.


A strategy to modulate the electrocatalytic activity of copper toward CO2 reduction involving adsorption of acrylamide, acrylic acid, and allylamine polymers is presented. Modification of electrodeposited copper foam with poly(acrylamide) leads to a significant enhancement in faradaic efficiency for ethylene from 13% (unmodified foam) to 26% at −0.96 V vs RHE, whereas methane yield is unaffected. Effects from crystalline phase distribution and copper oxide phases are ruled out as the source of enhancement through XPS and in situ XRD analysis. DFT calculations reveal that poly(acrylamide) adsorbs on the copper surface via the oxygen atom on the carbonyl groups and enhances ethylene formation by (i) charge donation to the copper surface that activates CO for dimerization, (ii) chemical stabilization of the CO dimer (a key intermediate for C2 products) by hydrogen-bond interactions with the −NH2 group, and (iii) facilitating the adsorption of CO molecules near the polymer, increasing local surface coverage. ...


Radiation measurements and monitoring are very important for particle physics accelerators, hadron therapy institutes, and nuclear facilities. An Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) able to digitize current generated from ionization chambers was designed and characterized in order to be used as the front-end of the new radiation monitoring system at CERN. The design of the Utopia 2 ASIC was motivated by the need to measure input currents as low as 2 fA and over a wide dynamic range of 9 decades. This paper presents the challenges, the design procedure, the architecture, and the measurement results of the front-end that was fabricated in AMS 0.35-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> technology. The main limitation was related to the leakage currents that are injected into the input of the ASIC from various sources and are added to the signal of the detector. By active leakage current compensation, the ASIC can measure current down to 1 fA, and by introducing a multiple range architecture, the ASIC can digitize current up to <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$5~\mu \text{A}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>.


A magnetic disc manufacturing apparatus is includes a polishing device for conducting a surface polishing treat ment on a disc, a supply device for supplying lubricant onto the polished disc, and a feeding mechanism for feeding the disc between the devices. If necessary, it is provided with a curing device for curing the lubricant on the disc. The treatments of the devices and the disc feeding operation are synchronized with one another, and a disc processed in each device is fed to a next device at a constant time interval by the feeding mechanism, thereby performing a continuous disc manufacturing process.


European Agency for the Evaluation of Medicinal Products, Evalu ation of Medicines for Human Use, Cell Culture Inactivated Influ enza Vaccines, Annex to Note for Guidance on Harmonisation of Requirements for Influenza Vaccines (CPMP/BWP/214/96), Jan. 2002, available from http://www.ema.europa.eu/pdfs/human/bwp/ 249000en.pdf* Kistner et al., Vaccine, 1998, 16(9/10):960-968.* "Table of Extraneous Agents to be Tested for in relation to the Gen eral and Species Specific Guidelines on Production and Control of Mammalian Veterinary Vaccines." Legislative Basis Directive 81/852/EEC as amended, Date of First Adoption prior to Sep.1994, Date of Entry into Force prior to Sep.1994, Status Last revised Sep. 1994. Ahn et al. (Jun 2004). "Susceptibility of mouse primary cortical neuronal cells to coxsackievirus B. J Gen Virol. 85(Pt6): 1555-64. Allan et al. (2000). "Porcine circoviruses: a review." J. Vet Diagn Invest 12:3-14. Allan et al. (1994). "Production, preliminary characterisation and applications of monoclonal antibodies to porcine circovirus. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 43(4):357-71. Bailey (Apr. 2011). "Contamination Control: Learning from Experi ence. ViruSure publication, 4 pages. Brands et al. (1997). "InfluvacTC: A safe Madin Darby Canine Kid ney (MDCK) ell culture-based influenza vaccine." Dev. Biol. Stand. 98:93-100. Browne et al. (May 1981). "Comparative inhibition of influenza and parainfluenza virus replication by ribavirin in MDCK cells." Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 19(5): 712-715. Cohen et al. (Sep 1997). "Varicella-zoster virus glycoprotein I is essential for growth of virus in Vero cells," JVirol. 71 (9): 6913-6920. CPMP/BWP/214/96 (Mar. 12, 1997). Committee for proprietary medicinal products (CPMP). Note for guidance on harmonisation of requirements for influenza vaccines. CPMP/BWP/2490/00 (Jan. 17, 2002). Committee for proprietary medicinal products (CPMP). Cell culture inactivated influenza vac cines, annex to note for guidance on harmonisation of requirements for influenza vaccines (CPMP/BWP/214/96). CPMP/BWP/268/95 (Feb. 14, 1996). Committee for proprietary medicinal products (CPMP). Note for guidance on virus validation studies: the design, contribution and interpretation of studies validat ing the inactivation and removal of viruses. Darling (May 2002). "Validation of biopharmaceutical purification processes for virus clearance evaluation." Mol Biotechnol. 21(1):57 83. European Agency for the Evaluation of Medicinal Products, Evalu ation of Medicines for Human Use, Cell Culture Inactivated Influ enza Vaccines, Annex to Note for Guidance on Harmonisation of Requirements for Influenza Vaccines (CPMP/BWP/214/96), Jan. 2002, available from the following website: http://www.ema.europa. eu/pdfs/human/bwp/249000en.pdf.


Accurate estimation of turbulent dissipation rate is very important to the engineering and turbulent theory. Previous studies, which are limited to single-point velocity measurement techniques ,mainly focus on measuring the single-point local dissipation rate or average rate over a finite volume, cannot provide the distribution of the dissipation rate for the whole field. Since the particle image velocimetry(PIV) is capable of providing multi-point instantaneous measurements of a velocity field, it is more suitable for estimating the dissipation rate. In this paper , the relationship between the velocities captured by PIV and single-point measurement method is analysed, and a large eddy PIV method is proposed. Based on this method, the measurement results of horizontal duct flow by PIV are applied for estimating the turbulent dissipation rate by using different sub-grid scales (SGS) stress models. The results obtained by large-eddy PIV method and dimensional analysis are compared and analysed as well.


An old adage has it that "necessity is the mother of invention." This aphorism may in part account for the increased interest of church school educators in the discipline of marketing as an aid in stimulating demand for their product. Drawing from social exchange theory, the framework below explores the link between sociology, marketing, and education in explaining why people choose education in parochial schools.


Abstract: This article attempts to appraise the groundwater water quality of Pariya, Nigeria. Water samples was collected from 10 different borehole sources in the study area and analysed for the physicochemical factors such as pH, TDS, Total Hardness, Calcium, Magnesium, Sodium, Potassium, Chloride, Sulphate, Lead, Fluoride, Iron, Bicarbonate and total coliforms. The results of physicochemical quality was compared with the WHO standards. It was found that the physicochemical quality was within the permissible limits. The bacteriological analyses indicated the occurrence of total coliforms above the standards. It was recommended to adopt basic treatment by boiling before ingestion to safeguard against water borne diseases.


The feasibility of determining the extent of damage in fibered concrete after being subjected to high temperatures, using non-destructive methods was investigated. The study was conducted on four concrete mixtures with different fiber types. The specimens underwent a curing process at 23 °C before being exposed to different high temperatures of 400 °C, 600 °C, and 800 °C. After cooling to ambient temperature, various non-destructive tests including ultrasonic pulse velocity testing (UPV), the resonance frequency test (RF), the dynamic modulus of elasticity (Ed), the thermal conductivity test (λ), and Schmid Rebound Hammer (SRH), were performed. To evaluate the sensitivity of non-destructive techniques to assess the damage of fiber-reinforced concrete, the Lemaitre coefficient was used as a variable to describe the extent of the damage. The results indicated that the highest damage levels were obtained through the modulus of elasticity technique regardless of the type of concrete mixture or temperature exposure. There was also a potential agreement found between thermal and ultrasonic methods in evaluating the thermal degradation of concrete.


Basic representations of A2l(2) and Dl+1(2) are studied. The weight vectors are represented in terms of Schur's Q-functions. The method to get the polynomial solutions to the reduced BKP hierarchies is shown to be equivalent to a certain rule in the Maya game.


The progressiveness of the Communist Youth League in colleges and universities determines its leading role in the building and development of student mass organizations.To bring its leading role into full play,the League should adhere to the principles of the work of student mass organizations,form a concerted effort to administer these organizations,respect for their independency,pay full attention to upgrading the level of their activities,attach importance to their work summing-up and appraisal,and explore the mechanism for their healthy development.


This study aims at identifying groupings of individuals (years) from sugarcane production data in Burundi by applying Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and classification, and computing clusters' distances between centroids. These data were obtained from the Ministry of Environment, Agriculture and Livestock in Burundi and cover a period from 2000 to 2019, i.e. 20 years. The variables used are mean sugarcane yield, sugar production, cultivated area, sugarcane production, molasses production, herbicide inputs, mean temperature and cost of sugar production. R software version 3.6.1 was used to analyze data. This study shows that the years 2002 and 2013 are opposed by the first factorial axis while the years 2001 and 2017 are opposed by the second one. The years 2000, 2002, 2008, 2012, 2013 and 2017 are better represented on the principal factorial plane. The years 2017 and 2019 are characterized by high values of herbicide inputs and cultivated area while the years 2011, 2012 and 2013 are characterized by high values of mean temperature and mean sugarcane yield. The year 2015 is characterized by high values of sugar production, sugarcane production, cost of sugar production and molasses production.


In the light of the shortage of the traditional experimental teaching at present,the multi-function mobile loading platform for teaching experimeng is made after renewal and tranformal of already own experimental device.This kind of design and research experimental device is suitable for students to operate it by themselves to meet the needs of training talents for 21st century.This article introduces development,exploitation and implementation process of multi-function mobile loading platform for teaching experiment.This experimental research has widened students' academic horizon and received obvious teaching result.


This article analyzes the relationship between the freedom of the press, conceived and practiced by the big media, and the human right to an independent and truthful information, as understood and proposed by some international treaties, agreement, conventions and declarations concerning freedom of opinion and freedom of expression as human rights. For this reason are taken into account the controversies aroused by media and some progressive governments in South America in the past fifteen years. The article presents and analyzes arguments advanced with respect to human rights that civil society demands when receiving the information, and the rights big media's owners hold. Given that private media companies' priority is profit, the information becomes, then, just another consumer product. It is concluded that this situation is a real problem for the education and configuration of a democratic society, and the proposal is to democratize media to protect the human rights of all.


Two widely used constant current regulators (CCRs) in aviation industry, the resonant network type and saturable reactor type, are discussed in this paper. Their principles of operation are explained along with the US standard airport series lighting circuit. The comparative characteristics of the CCRs are also presented in this paper. These two types of CCRs retain the sinusoidal output current waveform even under various harmonic rich load conditions. This supplies the compatible and reliable lighting system power in the airfields. The computer monitoring and controlled system is utilized to improve the air traffic control operation while improving safety. The design topology and system requirements are discussed in this paper. Worldwide trends in aviation industry indicate that the lighting systems in airfields can be precisely monitored and controlled to increase airport capacity and operating efficiency in all weather conditions. The benefits of the computer monitoring and controlled system are presented.


Occasional cases of denial of blindness or deafness in cases of focal cerebral disease have been reported in the French, Russian and German literature but have received hardly any attention from Anglo-Saxon authors. However, denial of blindness in cases of pathologic conditions of the brain is frequent, although overlooked by most observers. Here, 6 cases of denial of blindness will be reported, the literature reviewed and the syndrome discussed. REVIEW OF LITERATURE In 1896 Anton gave a verbal report of a case with bilateral softenings of the visual radiations, followed by complete blindness which the patient himself did not notice. Anton wrote two papers, 1 in which he reported this case and 3 others. The first case was that of a 56 year old seamstress who was amaurotic but unaware of her blindness. She had dysphasia of the amnestic type; otherwise the results of neurologic examination were essentially normal. She


In this article the author explores how Christian education can make a 'value-added' contribution to the curriculum. The author considers the day-to-day work of the classroom teacher by asking the questions: how can classroom teaching contribute to ensuring that schools and society does not produce 'clever devils' - such as those produced in the Holocaust? For a Christian school, how can reflection on Christian values be systematically promoted through classroom teaching? How can schools capitalise on the potential offered by 'values moments' - those time when questions of value and meaning force themselves through the academic content of the lesson to become the focal point of the pupils' attention? In order to illustrate how to develop an effective Christian value-added curriculum, the author discusses the Charis Project, which was set up in the wake of legislation in the UK that required schools to promote the spiritual and moral development of their pupils through the curriculum. He then suggests five practical actions for implementing a values-added approach to the curriculum in the Anglican school: (1) develop and capitalise on informal values moments; (2) be strategic in the values that are promoted; (3) plan the curriculum as a biblical 'fifth act' enterprise, which means being aware of the bigger story that the subject is promoting; (4) design teaching methods that promote reflection and response; (5) develop specific topics with a strong values base.


A fuzzy-neural networks is created for credit risk assessment of commercial banks' enterprise clients. It was used because fuzzy system has the ability of interpretation and neural network's superiority is self-organized,self-study,and self-adaptive.Using structure substituted-style neural network to inosculate fuzzy system and neural network,and to generate fuzzy rules.Training result shows that system error is very small.


The two techniques of the LD linewidth narrowing are used in spectroscopy: strong coupling to a low-Q external cavity1, and weak coupling to a multi-pass interferometer2. Both techniques have advantages3. The introduction is focused on the possibilities of realizing the stable single mode operation of a LD strongly coupled to high-Q cavity.


IN previous articles one of the authors has published a series of experimental results obtained with animal and vegetable proteins by two different methods: potentiometric titration, and analysis by means of the dielectric constant [Errera, 1932, 1, 2; Errera and Bloch, 1932; Errera et at., 1932]. In the experiments which form the basis of the present article, the authors had as their object the systematic study of some pure animal proteins with a view to the elucidation of the following points. (1) The determination of the isoelectric points of these pure proteins. (2) The stoichiometric relationship of the combinations of these proteins with acids and bases. (3) The value of the acid and basic equivalents of these proteins. (4) The acidic and basic dissociation constants of the proteins. (5) The determination of the number of COOH and NH2 groups for each of the molecules studied.


The invention relates to the technical field of thermal control of spacecrafts, and particularly discloses a lightweight low-thermal resistance radiator, which comprises a lug boss panel, an aluminum honeycomb, a coupling agent, a working medium pipeline and aluminum skin, wherein the aluminum honeycomb is positioned between the lug boss panel and the aluminum skin; the working medium pipeline is pre-embedded in the aluminum honeycomb, and is close to the lug boss panel; the working medium pipeline is coupled to the lug boss panel through the coupling agent. The technical scheme has the beneficial effects that the lightweight low-thermal resistance radiator is simple in structure, technically reasonable, convenient to operate, light in weight and strong in strength, and the thermal resistance, the weight and the mechanical properties are further improved.


Surface structures of Pd( 111 ) and Pd( 100 ) electrodes have been determined at 0 . 50 V (RHE) in 0 . 1 M HClO 4 saturated with Ar or O 2 using surface X-ray scattering (SXS). Both surfaces have unreconstructed ( 1 × 1 ) in-plane structure. The surface layers on Pd( 111 ) do not relax in Ar saturated solution: the interlayer spacing between the fi rst and the second layers d 12 agrees with that of the bulk. In O 2 saturated solution, the value of d 12 is expanded by 1 . 8% on Pd( 111 ), whereas the value of d 23 (interlayer spacing between the second and third layers) is the same as that of the bulk. No relaxation is also observed on Pd( 100 ) in Ar saturated solution. In O 2 saturated solution, however, d 23 as well as d 12 is expanded by 5 . 7% on Pd( 100 ).


Urinary excretion data were obtained after oral administration of a single dose of 250 mg of Cloxacillin in six healthy young men volunteers. The excretion rate data were fitted to single and two compartment open models and the pharmacokinetic parameters were determined. The drug showed a rapid absorption and fast distribution. The time of appearance of peak renal excretion was 45 minutes in all the volunteers. The biological half-life (47 ± 3.6 min.) and total renal recovery (31.43 ± 2.5%) was in good agreement with the reported values. Although both the single and two compartments model fitting was not possible. One compartment model was found to be more suited as the generated data through this model bears close resemblance with the experimental data(JPMA 33:299, 1983).


In respect with the unconformity of the research characteristics of university and the research mode of the state oriented to great requirements,consideration and study are carried out in this article about the issues of whether the current system,and organization frame restrict its construction and effective operation.Through actual investigation and study,a vital analysis has been made on the issue of the restriction of the current organization and management frame of university to the disciplinary crossing and research cooperation.The authors hold that as scientific research needs disciplinary crossing and research cooperation,and the disciplinary crossing and research cooperation require the realizing of the free movement of the faculty and researchers,resource integration and sharing,etc.Under the current university personnel affair management system,as the personal assessment and motivation and the administrative management relation of faculty and research personnel are fixed in a certain college or department,the disciplinary crossing and research cooperation are severely restricted.It is suggested that the "dynamic research alliance body" should be formed in the form of "contract" or "agreement" to solve the problem of the research crossing and cooperation innovations of the main multi-position bodies composed of research personnel,departments,colleges and the school.


The influence of solid-state drawing on the morphology of melt-spun poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) tapes, and the accompanying changes in mechanical and degradation behaviour have been studied. Mechanical properties are found to be strongly dependent on both applied draw ratio and drawing temperature. Moduli of these highly oriented tapes are significantly increased compared to as-extruded tapes at both ambient and elevated temperatures. Interestingly, drawing leads to a significant increase in elongation to break (~3 times) and toughness (~13 times) compared to as-extruded tapes. Structural and morphological characterization indicates strain-induced crystallization as well as an increase in orientation of the crystalline phase at small strains. Upon further stretching, an "overdrawing" regime is observed, with decreased crystalline orientation due to the breakage of existing crystals. For fixed draw ratios, a significant increase in Young's modulus and tensile strength is observed with increasing drawing temperature, due to a higher crystallinity and orientation obtained for tapes drawn at higher temperatures. FT-IR results indicate no crystal transformation after drawing, with the α-form being observed in all tapes. Hydrolytic degradability of PLLA was significantly reduced by solid-state drawing.


The aim of the article was to explore the effect on setting and implementing the basic learning module courses under the new medical teaching model. The basic learning module consists of six medical basic courses. Bilingual teaching and discussion method were applied, and theoretic study was combined with experiment in teaching. Several types of examination were applied to the assessment. The results of comparing the examination between conventional teaching and new medical model teaching showed that the curriculum setting of basic learning module and the teaching method applied to new medical teaching model benefited the development of high quality medical education.


Objective: To investigate the efficacy of fumigation and manual therapy of dysfunction after fractures around the knee. Methods: Patients were divided into two groups according to the course: less than 3-month group and more than threemonth group, herbal fumigation, manual release and other treatment methods will be used, and to evaluate the clinical efficacy. Results: The knee passive activity of two group can be improved.Duration of less than three months were more pronounced improvement(P0.05), with the duration of more than three months in patients with relatively short duration of clinical efficacy more satisfaction(P0.05). Conclusion: Herbal fumigation, manual release, etc. can relieve dysfunction after fractures around the knee, but the course of less than three months were better effect.


Fire distribution is a key problem in the modern operation, and how distribute the fire availably is great significance to exert the firepower efficiency, improve the operation effectiveness and win the operation initiative. According to the principles of index screening, a multiplayer evaluation index system reflecting the target value is established. On the basis of it, a GEM-AHP model for fire distribution is proposed. Case study shows that the model proposed here is suitable for fire distribution of multiple criterion decision making.


Older consumers, that is, those people nearing or at retirement age, are increasingly being recognised as an important market segment. This segment is reviewed and some ways for the marketer to approach it are suggested.


Now a day this is the major problem of the present position of power system in India the rapidly growing population (domestic loads or Distribution Network), industrialization (Industrial Electricity Demand), Energy demands for Infrastructure development etc. increased pollution, climate change and depleting conventional fossil energy resources. For the economic, efficient and quality power system it is necessary to implement the modern and new technologies, load side management, anti electricity theft strategies, long distance tribal, agricultural, domestic and small industrial load (supply time) management and proper maintenance.


Absorption cross-sections for oxygen in the region 2000 to 1750 Å, corresponding to the process O2X 3Σ-g + hv → O2B 3Σ-u have been measured. The oscillator strengths for the vibrational transitions have been calculated from these results. The total oscillator strength (including the continuum) is found to be 0·259. The cross-sections for intermolecular collisions causing deactivation of the upper state are found and analyzed. The (0-19) and (0-20) members of the system are observed, and the dissociation limit found to be 57140 ± 20 K.


Isolated pig liver cells cultured using a perfusion technique were analyzed over 39 days to test their ability to change the perfusate α-keto acid profile. While the pyruvate concentration in the culture medium decreased as of the first day, the α-ketoglutarate (KG), α-ketoisocaproate (KIC), α-ketoisovalerate (KIV) and α-ketoβ-methyl-n-valerate (KMV) were synthesized immediately and released by the liver cells. The metabolic capacity of the cell culture system increased up to day 10, decreased during the following 5 days and reached a steady state beyond day 15, which was maintained for at least 30 days. The branched chain α-keto acid release, in particular α-ketoisocaproate, reflects an effective transamination capacity of the newly developed culture system and shows an intact protein biosynthesis for at least 30 days in vitro.


In this work we present the detection of CH 4 and H 3+ emissions in the atmosphere of Jupiter as two well separated layers, located, respectively, at a tangent altitudes of about 200 km and 500-600 km above the 1-bar level. We studied the vertical distribution of the two species retrieving their


We present the Wronskian form of the N-soliton solutions of the differential-difference Kadomtsev-Petviashvilli (DKP) equation. Also a wider class of rational solutions are derived using semi-discrete analogue of Schur polynomials and its generalization. Our approach is based on Sato theory formalism which gives all these solutions naturally.


The authors describe an extended entity-relationship database designed to support the programming and execution of adaptable real-time applications. Specifically, they examine the E-R database that is part of CHAOS (concurrent hierarchical adaptable object system), an object-oriented programming and adaptation system. The adaptation control system in CHAOS, responsible for monitoring the execution environment, detecting the need for adaptations, and enacting selected adaptations, is structured around this extended E-R database. The authors outline the design of the E-R database, the mapping of objects and their attributes into it, the mechanisms for performing adaptations, and the database manipulation language interface to the database. Adaptations on application software are encoded in DML.<<ETX>>


The utility model discloses a pipe assembly for quick releasing casing pressure, which is characterized in that a connecting pipe, a screw bolt, a nut, a pipe valve, a four-way connector, and a five-way connector are installed on a base seat (4) to form three channels as a main channel, a pressure-limiting protection channel, and an over-pressure protection channel, each channel is provided with a pipe valve, and the three channels are connected in parallel; the pressure-limiting protection channel is equipped with a pressure-limiting safety valve (11), and the over-pressure protection channel is equipped with an over-pressure protection device. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, and convenient use, the pipe assembly for quick releasing casing pressure does not need manual control to guarantee the safe reliability, and the utility mode can quickly release the pressure in the casing to control the well pressure within a stable range for preventing casing explosion.


The article presents the results of science-based problem-solving to improve and create a technology of automated homogenization asbestos ore through the block-oriented approach to the formation of the ore pile. Using the results given in the work provides a solution to important applied tasks such as operational management of the quality of the ore fed to the benefication plant and solving of the important challenges in the field of rational development of the subsoil.


External gettering effect by phosphorus diffusion is used to improve the multicrystalline silicon wafers. After diffusion at 900°C for 4 hours it was found that the effective diffusion lengths Ln of minority carriers achieve or overpass 200 pm. After diffusion at 850°C for 4 hours the improvements are less marked and hydrogenation is needed to obtain the same increase of Ln. SlMS analysis indicate that the gettered impurities are essentially iron, copper and nickel. LBlC scannings show that grains, grain boundaries and dislocations are partly passivated during the gettering. The additivity of the hydrogenation effect might be understood by the neutralization of the recombination centers related to oxygen atoms segregated by the dislocations. cristallographic defects, interfaces, vacancies, or enhanced solubility regions. Figures 1 summarizes the gettering mechanism, which could be divided in three steps (1 ) : 1 "/ Extraction of impurities from substitutional sites, from complexes or from precipitates. The extraded impurities go to interstitial positions and are added to natural interstitial 3d metallic atoms (Cu ; Fe ; Nil.


Objective:Using rAAV Helper free System to packe rAAV-hVEGF165/EGFP.Methods:Collecting and purifying the rAAV-hVEGF165 and rAAV-EGFP after co-transfecting HEK293 cells with three plasmids constructed with rAAV Helper free System using gene engineering and molecular biology,and using AVSachTM ELISA to get the virus density.Finally,the infecting ability was tested.Results:Packaging the rAAV-hVEGF/EGFP with the viral particles(v.p.) of rAAV was 2×1011,and its diameter was about 20~25 nm uniformly.Conclusion:rAAV-hVEGF/EGFP was successfully packaged.


Indexing techniques (Ricardo and Berthier, 2004) are used to improve retrieval of data in response to certain search condition. Inverted files (Wikipedia, 20 Jan 2010) (Chouvalit and Veera, 2007) (Fidel and Angel, 2002) (indexing technique) is mostly used for creating indexes. This paper proposes indexing technique for Urdu language. Language processing step in Index creation (Christopher et al, 2008) is different for a particular language. We discuss index creation steps specifically for Urdu language. We explore morphological rules for Urdu language and implement these rules to create Urdu stemmer. We implement our proposed technique with different implementations and compare results. We suggest that create indexes without stop words and also index file should be an order index file.


The invention relates to monitoring the position of a tip paper strip (1) for rod-shaped articles of the tobacco-processing industry, wherein the tipping paper strip (1) passes through a gluing device (2) and wherein a measuring system with at least one measurement radiation generating source (3) for acting on the covering paper strip ( 1) is provided with a measuring radiation and having a sensor device (4) for receiving the stray field generated thereby. Characterized in that the monitoring in the immediate vicinity of the gluing device (2) is made, it is particularly reliable in view of a correct gluing of the covering paper strip (1).


Simple Summary One of the challenges of the contemporary poultry industry is to obtain reliable information on meat quality throughout the entire production cycle. Previous studies have shown that computerized analysis of the ultrasonographic images in live birds is a promising method to predict certain characteristics of skeletal muscles. In the present study, the left pectoralis major muscle was scanned just before slaughter in forty-five meat-type turkeys reared in an organic farm. Physicochemical and sensory attributes of the pectoral muscles were determined after slaughter using validated laboratory and analytical methods. There were several significant correlations among ultrasonographic image attributes and physical/sensory characteristics of pectoralis major muscles in the turkeys of the present study, but the moisture content was the only chemical trait associated with ultrasound images. The strongest overall correlation was between pixel heterogeneity obtained in the muscles examined in an oblique plane and aroma. The occurrence and strength of quantitative correlations among ultrasound image characteristics in situ and post-mortem traits of turkeys' breast are clearly affected by a scanning plane. Computerized analysis of pectoral muscle ultrasonograms provides information on several characteristics that are indicative of meat quality and hence could be potentially used in commercial settings and breed development programs. Abstract This study set out to examine associations among echotextural, physicochemical and sensory attributes of the pectoralis major muscles in 17-week-old organic turkeys (B.U.T. Big-6) varying in the amount of wheat and oat grain in daily feed rations (Group C: complete feed only; Group Exp1: 5–30% of wheat and 0–20% of oat; and Group Exp2: 5–50% of wheat and 0–50% of oat; n = 15 turkeys/group). Digital ultrasonograms of the left pectoral muscle in four different planes (longitudinal-L, transverse-T, and two oblique planes-O1 and O2) were obtained with a 5.0-MHz linear-array transducer just before slaughter. Mean numerical pixel intensity (MPI) and pixel heterogeneity (MPH) of the muscle parenchyma were computed using the ImageProPlus® analytical software. Ten significant correlations between echotextural attributes and various meat characteristics were recorded in Group C, one in Group Exp1, and eight in Group Exp2. When data were pooled for all birds studied, there were twelve significant correlations (p < 0.05); all but one correlation (between MPH and moisture) were for physical and sensory characteristics of meat samples. Computer-assisted analysis is a potential method to determine moisture as well as physical (e.g., coloration) and sensory (e.g., aroma) characteristics of pectoralis major muscles in organic turkeys.


In today's competitive banking industry, market segmentation as a serious strategic alternative is very important if players in the banking industry are to achieve customer satisfaction which can influence customer loyalty and profitability. In the study of Ghana Commercial Bank, the investigation focused on how market segmentation has affected customer satisfaction in the Ghana banking industry. The study evaluates the effects of market segmentation on customer satisfaction in the banking industry in Ghana. To achieve the purpose of the study a descriptive research design was adopted. The target population was 200 respondents from five banks (branch) in Kumasi metropolis in Ghana. The primary source of data and secondary source of data was utilized in the entirety of the study. Data collected were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS) and Smart PLS software. The results proved that there was a positive relationship between geographical segmentation, demographic segmentation, behavioral segmentation on customer satisfaction. The nature of behavioral segmentation provides the opportunity for real-time communication across a wide range of marketing channels including direct mail, email, point-of-sale devices, and mobile channels as well as personal contact at the branch or call center level. The downside of using behavioral data as a marketing driver is that it does require detailed, in-depth data sets, models, and market testing. Also, prices, distribution, and advertising can all be tailored to control variables that are problematic for customers, because today's customers demand simple, convenient, flexible, and timely products and services. The recommendations are intended to represent as a framework for banking industries as they try to provide improved service to their customers.


INTRODUCTION: Glioblastoma (GBM) remains invariably associated with poor patient outcomes thus necessitating development of more targeted therapeutics. To circumvent the challenges associated with cellular therapeutics, we developed a novel treatment platform, which leverages the use of commercially available and clinically translatable nanoparticles (NPs) that can be combined with tumor derived RNA to peripherally activate T cells against GBM antigens. Although cancer vaccines have suffered from weak immunogenicity, we have advanced a NP vaccine formulation that can dramatically reshape a host's regulatory immune profile through combinatorial delivery of tumor RNA encoding for GBM antigens and RNAs encoding for immunomodulatory molecules to mediate long-lived T cell persistence. OBJECTIVE: We sought to assess if vaccination with amplified tumor derived RNA encapsulated in lipophilic NPs could be assembled to target antigen presenting cells (APCs) in vivo and induce therapeutic anti-tumor immunity in pre-clinical murine GBM models. RESULTS: We identified a clinically translatable NP formulation for the delivery of RNA to APCs that induces in vivo gene expression and preserves RNA stability over time. We showed that RNA-NPs induce global changes in B7 co-stimulatory molecules and MHC class II expression on CD11c expressing APCs. RNA-NPs vaccines increase systemic levels of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and increase the percentage of CD11c+ cells at target sites. White blood cells from target organs (spleen and livers) of vaccinated mice induce de novo antigen specific immune responses in naive mice. T cell immunity elicited by RNA-NP vaccination was superior to peptide vaccines in CFA, enhanced through co-encapsulation of RNA encoding GM-CSF or viral PAMPs (pathogen associated molecular patterns) from hepatitis C, and engendered therapeutic anti-tumor efficacy against a radiation and temozolomide resistant GBM murine model. CONCLUSION: Combinatorial RNA-NPs represent a novel therapeutic platform for GBM patients that can be commercialized as an 'off the shelf' vaccine to re-program host-immunity.


A three-phase reluctance machine can be made to operate as a self-excited generator when its rotor is driven at suitable speed by an external prime mover and its excitation is provided by a capacitor bank connected to the stator terminals. The reluctance generator has almost all the advantages of its counterpart induction generator and has in addition the advantages of constant frequency operation and low core and copper losses. This paper introduces an analysis of the three-phase self-excited reluctance generator. The developed analysis avoids the limitations of the previous works whereby the effect of the core loss is soundly taken into consideration. The analysis is suitable for variable speed, load and excitation capacitance operations. The validity of the proposed analysis is confirmed experimentally. The effect of neglecting the core loss is also studied.


A new species of Kritskyia Kohn, 1990 (Monogenea, Dactylogyridae, Ancyrocephalinae) is described from the urinary bladder of Salminus brasiliensis (Cuvier, 1816) (Characiformes, Characidae) from the Cuiabá River, the Pantanal wetlands, Brazil. The male copulatory apparatus of the new species differs from those of other species of the genus by the presence of a bipartite accessory piece (distally and proximally linked), one part grooved, serving as guide for distal portion of the MCO. Moreover, the vagina of the new species differs from those of congeners by possessing distal digitiform processes.


This paper analyzes a case study of a campaign in rural Alabama in 2000, when the Paper, Allied-Industrial, Chemical and Energy Workers International Union (PACE) organized against the French-based Imerys Groupe (the product of the 1999 merger of English China Clays and Imetal). Within days of the merger, Imerys withdrew recognition and implemented new terms and conditions of employment at the former Imetal plant where PACE had repre sented the workforce. PACE at once developed a systematic three- part plan of action to counter the company's strategy. The three interdependent parts included: a) the traditional, local campaign in Alabama; b) regulatory challenges through the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB), the U.S. Department of Justice, and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) in Europe; and c) the international campaign coordinated through the International Federation of Chemical, Energy, Mine, and Gen eral Workers Union (ICEM) in Washington, D.C., Brussels, Bel gium, Paris, and London. We discuss the tactics and strategy that led to PACE's winning campaign against the multinational corpo rate behavior that U.S.-based unions increasingly face.


We are glad to introduce you the new web site of the association. It should be more pleasant to read and allow to post more information, because it needs only an internet access. The English language presentation is also more consistent. Please send us your comments or suggests, at the mail address of the webmaster. The web adress http://associationflainoise.free.fr opens directly this web site. The old site may be accessed via the menu item "Old Site" or at the address: (...)


Barred galaxies have very interesting morphological features. Here we examine the barlens, a lens-like component whose extent along the bar major axis is shorter than that of the bar and whose outline is oval or circular. We show that such a component can also be found in a number of N-body plus SPH simulations. We analyse its properties by converting simulation snapshots into images, which we then analyse in the same way as images of observed galaxies. We make extensive comparisons with galaxies from the NIRS0S (Near Infrared S0 Survey) and the S$^4$G (Spitzer Stellar Structure Survey of Galaxies) samples and find very good agreement. These comparisons include morphology, radial projected density profiles, shapes, sizes and fluxes. We observe the barlens component in our simulations from different viewing angles. This reveals that {\it barlenses are the vertically thick part of the bar seen face-on, i.e. that a barlens seen edge-on is a boxy/peanut/X bulge}. This finding makes it possible to follow barlens dynamics in terms of already studied families of periodic orbits. Some barlenses, notably those with near-circular projected isodensity curves, can be mistaken for classical bulges in morphological studies and classifications. This can introduce severe errors in modelling of individual galaxies, since the dynamics of classical bulges is very different from that of peanuts, and a bias in statistical morphological studies, leading to overestimates of the true frequency and mass of classical bulges. Thus, properly accounting for the barlens component will show that the fraction of disc galaxies lacking a classical bulge can be much larger than so far believed. Finally, based on the shape of the isodensity curves, we propose a rule of thumb for measuring the barlens extent along the bar major axis of galaxies sufficiently far from edge-on for the peanut not to be visible.


The archiving of scientific data is a sophisticated mission in nearly all research projects. In this paper, we introduce a new online archive of atmospheric measurement data from the "High definition clouds and precipitation for advancing climate prediction" (HD(CP)2) research initiative. The project data archive is quality managed, easy to use, and is now open for other atmospheric research data. The archive's creation was already taken into account during the HD(CP)2 project planning phase and the necessary resources were granted. The funding enabled the HD(CP)2 project to build a sound archive structure, which guarantees that the collected data are accessible for all researchers in the project and beyond.


Active elements made of chromium ytterbium erbium glass LGS-Kh were operated under free-running conditions at a differential efficiency of 3.5%. Q-switched single pulses with energies up to 100 mJ were generated at an efficiency of 0.27%.


The popularization of 4G network provides a new opportunity for the development of mobile education. Based on the characteristics of 4G network and mobile education, the purpose of this paper is to research the forms of 4G network in mobile educationapplications, and discuss the functions of the mobile education platform under the 4G network.


Identification of, and discrimination against, background radiation is of the utmost importance in dark matter searches. DEAP-3600 (Dark Matter Experiment using Argon Pulse shape discrimination) is a single phase, direct dark matter detector with a 3300 kg liquid argon target housed in a spherical acrylic vessel viewed by 255 photomultiplier tubes (PMTs). It is used to search for spin independent interactions of Weakly Interacting Massive Particle (WIMP) dark matter with the liquid argon nuclei. The measured energy resolution represents the detector's ability to distinguish between sources of ionizing radiation. This is determined to be 3.92±0.09% in data for the 2.6 MeV gamma line from Tl after correcting for the relative efficiencies and channel gain of the PMTs. The simulated energy resolution for the same gamma line is found to be 2.59±0.02% when the PMTs do not produce afterpulsing and 2.86±0.02% with the creation of afterpulses. The difference between data and simulation is briefly discussed. Some of the largest sources of backgrounds in direct dark matter detectors stem from the detector components themselves. This is the case for gamma radiation within DEAP3600, which is produced primarily by uranium and thorium in the glass of the PMTs. An investigation of false WIMP signals produced by high-energy gamma rays stemming from the PMTs has been conducted with the use of Monte Carlo simulations and is presented in this work. The mechanism by which they are most likely to produce WIMP signals is presented. A comparison of the simulated events in the region of interest (ROI) with events from data is performed. The effect of afterpulsing on an event's probability to be in the ROI


INTRODUCTION: Diseases of the locomotor system or musculoskeletal disease are on the rise, mainly due to the ageing of the population but also due to lifestyle changes. Those are the main cause of chronic pain and disability in the modern world. Thanks to the achievements of modern medicine, in patients with advanced osteoarthritis of the hip or knee it is possible to replace the diseased joint with an endoprosthesis, with very good long-term results related to pain reduction and function improvement. The aim of this study is to examine are there any differences in the quality of people's life before and after implantation of total knee endoprosthesis. RESPONDENTS AND RESEARCH METHODS: There were 30 subjects of both genders with knee joint disease enrolled in the study, who were treated with the surgical course at the Orthopedics clinic and the traumatology of the UKCS by implanting a total endoprosthesis, from the beginning of April until the end of October 2018. As an instruments of this research are used standardized SF-36 questionnaire for assessing the quality of life and overall health status and a modified questionnaire on the socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents. RESULTS: Patients after implantation of total knee endoprosthesis have a better quality of life, i.e. statistical significance at physical function level (P = 0.0001), role limits due to physical problems (P = 0.0001), social functions (p = 0.0001), energy or vitality (P = 0.0001), pain (p = 0.0001), limitations of the role due to emotional problems (P = 0.0001), and emotional prosperity (P = 0.0001) and general health (P = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS: The quality of life of patients was worse before the period after the total knee endoprosthesis, where statistically significant improvement was demonstrated.


Various logic-locking schemes have been proposed to protect hardware from intellectual property piracy and malicious design modifications. Since traditional locking techniques are applied on the gate-level netlist after logic synthesis, they have no semantic knowledge of the design function. Data-driven, machine-learning (ML) attacks can uncover the design flaws within gate-level locking. Recent proposals on register-transfer level (RTL) locking have access to semantic hardware information. We investigate the resilience of ASSURE, a state-of-the-art RTL locking method, against ML attacks. We used the lessons learned to derive two ML-resilient RTL locking schemes built to reinforce ASSURE locking. We developed ML-driven security metrics to evaluate the schemes against an RTL adaptation of the state-of-the-art, ML-based SnapShot attack.


In this paper, we define and study the classical $R$-matrix for vertex Lie algebra, based on which we propose to construct a new vertex Lie algebra. We give a systematic way to construct the $R$-matrix for affine Kac-Moody vertex Lie algebra and study the universal vertex algebra associated with the new vertex Lie algebra that we obtained by $R$-matrix. As an application, using the classical $R$-matrix we defined, we give a new scheme to construct infinite-dimensional (Liouville) integrable systems via the Feigin-Frenkel center. The scheme-theoretical explanation of our equations and the classical $\mathcal{W}$-algebra case of our theory will come later.


Diatom record of the last 1400 years in Laguna Pululos Jujuy, Argentina. This paper presents high-resolution (multi-decadal) paleoenvironmental data of the last 1400 years in the northwestern sector of the dry Puna, Jujuy Province (Argentina). This information results from the analysis of the diatom assemblies recovered from sediment core samples collected at Laguna Pululos (22o32'43'' S; 66o48'25'' W), a shallow lake located at 4557 m.a.s.l. In this work we present and discuss the main results regarding the species composition of the diatom assemblages, and the observed paleoenvironmental trends related to the main characteristics and chronology of the medieval climatic anomaly (MCA) and little ice age (LIA). The results of the study indicate the onset of very arid conditions between ~800 and 1500 AD, and a sharp change to moister conditions from the latter period until the end of the XIX century. Noteworthy, two periods could be recognized, one between 600 and 800 AD (the moistest phase of the last 1400 years), and between 1366 and 1463 AD (a particularly arid phase). These periods recorded in Laguna Pululos apparently shared characteristics with the MCA and LIA, although, showing differences with chronologies found in the North Hemisphere, with an extended span of the arid conditions during the MCA in comparison with other paleoenvironmental records of the Andes.


The trends and prospect of airborne laser scanning altimetry in the near future are expected.The unsolved crucial problems in airborne laser scanning altimetry at present are pointed out.Geo_spatcial information technology is the focus research in the geo_science world presently.Information capturing,processing as well as application are the three main items.At the end of the 1980's of 20th,airborne laser scanning altimetry (ALSA) is an emerging and attractive technology in the field of remote sensing that is capable of rapidly capturing three dimensional geo_spactial information in multi_scales,and also give us a new technology for obtaining short time resolution and high spactial resolution data.Data capturing is continuous,not manually taken point to point,which also makes the automatic and intelligent data processing feasible.Laser pulse can partially penetrate the forest canopy,and the topography under the canopy can be derived directly.It is impossible for traditional survey methods,such as photogrammetry and plane surveying method.ALSA systems are opening new possibilities for a variety of survey applications and data end_users.ALSA is expected to bring a new revolutionary for surveying and mapping.Laser scanner systems available on the market are presently in a fairly mature state of art while the processing of ALSA data still is in an early phase of development.The algorithms and models for data processing are not robust and adaptive.The emergence of robust,reliable software tools that are available to the entire community will be one of the most significant areas of change in the next five years.Currently,the vast majority of the processing,manipulation and classification of ALSA data is conducted using proprietary software developed independently by research,the data providers or provided by the sensor manufacturer to its clients but not available as a separate package.


O cial shery statistics are indispensable for e ective marine environmental management. However the statistics are useful to management authorities and other decision-makers only if they are derived from reliable raw data. This article assesses the reporting accuracy of tuna catch data from the Gulf of Guinea using statistical methods based on Benford's law. We nd that the leading digits of reported catch data fail to obey Benford's law, thus suggesting anomalies in the data used to produce o cial shery statistics. Our results reinforce the need for management authorities to design more sophisticated control and surveillance schemes so that reliable raw data can be collected, without which a sustainable management of marine resources would be extremely di cult.


Abstract : Research conducted on a mechanized data storage and retrieval system is summarized. Scientific information chosen for storage, presently in the form of tables and graphs in MIL-HDBK-5, has been assembled into a large array of numbers. Materials and properties major groups form the ordinate and abscissa of a two-dimensional classification system. One system classifies knowledge of materials; the other classifies properties. The digital computer flow charts required for programming are given. All research connected with this project is included, with the exception of the magnetic tape reel containing the actual data. (Author)


An American Supreme Court Justice once famously claimed that he could not define pornography but knew it when he saw it. Much the same might be said of cult film and cult television: the industry, fans and scholars use the terms to refer to very different things but all know cult film or cult television when they see it. This essay seeks to untangle these definitional problems by contrasting cult film with cult television in terms of texts, production and reception. Following on from this, a more detailed discussion of cult television focuses upon character in Star Trek; the infinite narrative spaces of the cult television series permitting its characters greater possibilities than their cult film or non-cult television counterparts.


Method of protecting a braking system vehicle comprising at least one brake provided with at least one electromechanical actuator (8) comprising a pusher (13) driven by an electric motor for selectively applying a force on the friction elements (11) brake, whereby the braking system operated at pilot request of the vehicle is in a mode driven in which the pusher (13) of the actuator (8) is driven by the electric motor for selectively applying on the friction elements (11) one braking effort in response to a braking setpoint (101), either in a parking mode in which the pusher (13) of the actuator (8) is locked in a position where exerts a parking force on the friction elements ( 11) in the absence of action of the motor, wherein the method comprises the step of, when the vehicle is stationary, the braking system is controlled mode and the button (13) is operated to apply a force on the friction elements, and automatically switch without pilot mode activated parking mode.


I am deeply honoured to have been asked to give the Newnham Lecture of 1974. My sense of honour is tempered - but only slightly - by the very faint suspicion that, in spite of my quite remarkable eminence in an allied profession, I may not - just may not - have been here today had my name not been Newnham.


Background Large granular lymphocyte (LGL) leukemia represent ∼5–10% peripheral blood mononuclear cells. These include mainly cytotoxic T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. LGL disease has four forms: chronic or transient LGL lymphocytosis and aggressive or indolent LGL leukemia. Many autoimmune diseases have been reported associated with LGL diseases: e.g. rheumatoïd arthritis, immune thrombopenic purpura. The association between vasculitis and large granular lymphocyte (LGL) leukemia has rarely been reported or investigated. Objectives Thus, we assessed the clinical and biological phenotypes of LGL leukemia associated with vasculitis. Methods This retrospective study was conducted through the SNFMI ("Société Nationale Française de Médecine Interne") and the "Amicale des Jeunes Internistes". A total of 1552 internists were contacted by e-mail and asked to supply the medical characteristics of patients displaying LAV and LGL leukemia. Results We studies a series of 11 patients displaying LGL leukemia associated with vasculitis (LAV). The mean age at diagnosis of LGL leukemia was 60.3 years; there were nine women, two men. The mean follow-up period was 45 months. The main LGL lineage was T-LGL (10 patients) and only one NK-LGL was identified. Clinical and biological features of T-LGL leukemia were compared with those from the 2009 French T-LGL registry. We did not find any relevant differences except that patients with LAV were predominantly female (p <0.05). The most frequently observed vasculitis was cryoglobulinemia (n=5). Three patients presented with single-organ vasculitis, two patients had ANCA-negative microscopic polyangiitis, and one patient had giant-cell arteritis. The main clinical features involved the skin, e.g., purpura (91%), arthralgia (37%), peripheral neuritis (27%), and renal glomerulonephritis (18%). The most frequent histologic finding was leucocytoclastic vasculitis (54%). The rate of complete remission was high: i.e., 80% with corticosteroid and immunosuppressive therapy. A minority of patients had a vasculitis relapse (27%). Three patients (27%) died: one related to LGL leukemia (acute infection) and two other deaths were related to vasculitis (both with heart failure). Conclusions We conclude that vasculitis is overrepresented in the population of LGL patients, that LAV predominantly affects women, that vasculitis preferentially affects the small vessels, andthat LAV has high rate of complete response. Disclosure of Interest None Declared


This study aimed to find out the influence of parenting style on the academic performance of Grade VI learners of Batuan Elementary School in the District of Carles, Division of Iloilo, Philippines. The respondents of the study were twenty-nine (29) grade six learners. A standardized Parenting Style Questionnaire developed by Robinson et.al (2015) was used. The academic performance of Grade VI learners was gathered through DepEd Form 137-E. Statistical tools used were mean and standard deviation for descriptive and Mann-Whitney, Kruskal Wallis, and spearman rho for inferential. Findings revealed that the most preferred parenting style of the mothers as perceived by the learners when taken as a whole and classified as to household size and educational attainment was "authoritative". The academic performance of the learners exhibited an "approaching proficiency" when taken as an entire group. When grouped as to parenting style, learners whose mothers were authoritarian had exhibited a "developing" performance while those having permissive mothers exhibited "proficiency" and those having authoritative mothers exhibited an "approaching proficiency" performance. It was noted that there were no significant differences in the parenting styles preferred by mothers as perceived by the learners when they were classified as household size and educational attainment. Hence, a significant difference was noted in their academic performance when they were classified as to the parenting style and this significant difference existed between Authoritarian vs. Authoritative. And further, the results show no significant relationship between the parenting style of the mother as perceived by the learner and the learner's academic performance.


This paper investigates the linear index threshold regression model with endogeneity. We propose a two-step GMM estimation method to estimate the model, which allows both the threshold variable and regressors to be endogenous. We show the consistency of the GMM estimator and derive the asymptotic distribution of the GMM estimator for weakly dependent data. We suggest a test of the exoneneity null hypothesis for both the threshold and the slope regressors. Monte Carlo simulations are used to assess the finite sample performance of our proposed estimator. Finally, we present an empirical application investigating the threshold effect of a linear index between external debt and public debt on economic growth for developing countries. JEL Classification: C13 C32 O40


Software Defined Radio (SDR) is a recent technology evolving in the area of wireless communications. Finite Impulse Response filters places an important role for designing SDR. To achieve the flexibility dynamically reconfigurable filters are need to be designed. In order to achieve that, this paper provides one method called constant shift elimination method based on the binary common sub expression algorithm. The goal of the constant shift elimination method is to identify multiple occurrences of identical bit patterns and eliminate the redundant multiplication. That will reduce the number of adders used to implement the coefficient multiplier used for designing dynamically reconfigurable FIR filters. Design examples shows that the proposed method offers good power reductions and speed improvement compared to the best existing reconfigurable FIR filter implementations.


We have built two single photon very high speed photometers (AquEYE for the Asiago 1.8 m telescope and IquEYE for the 3.5 m ESO NTT) as prototypes of a quantum photometer for the 42 m European Extremely Large Telescope (E‐ELT). The two photometers are the most accurate time machines available to optical astronomy. The arrival time of each detected photon is referenced to UTC with a precision better than 500 picoseconds, continuously for hours of data acquisition. We report timing results for three optical pulsars.


One of the most pleasurable aspects of shepherding the review process entails interfacing with colleagues who review. Initially it seemed as though reviewers might be difficult to deal with, detached and emotionally vested in their opinions. Nicely, the scenario sits at the opposite attitude. JPSSM reviewers are dedicated, objective, and supportive of the work that progresses through the development process. In particular, I am impressed with the detailed and contemporary insights ad hoc reviewers provide.


This paper will explore the origins of the circumcision dress worn by Jewish male infants during their brit millah (ritual circumcision). With no requirements according to Jewish law on what is to be worn during this ceremony, how does early textual evidence point to our understanding and use of the dress? An examination of visual representations of circumcision ceremonies during the Early Modern period in manuscript and print culture points to the adaptation and use of a jacket worn by the infant during this time. This is then paired with extant examples of the period in museum collections. Lastly, as Jews began to assimilate and adapt practices of their host cultures in the nineteenth century, we see the rise of the practice of a dress worn by the infant, with an examination of infant costume and materials of the period.


Electrochemistry
In principle, electrochemistry is an ideal method for radical coupling: One precursor oxidized at the anode pairs up with a counterpart that has been reduced at the cathode. The trouble is that either or both coupling partners might not stay stable long enough to meet in the middle. Mo et al. resolved this issue by closely spacing the electrodes in a microfluidics platform (see the Perspective by Liu et al. ). They showcase coupling of dicyanobenzene as the cathodic radical precursor with a variety of oxidatively generated partners.

Science , this issue p. [1352][1]; see also p. [1312][2]

 [1]: /lookup/doi/10.1126/science.aba3823
 [2]: /lookup/doi/10.1126/science.abc2985