In the present paper, a notion of type-2 fuzzy soft topological spaces is introduced and some of its important properties are studied. For this we have defined product of type-2 fuzzy soft sets, type-2 fuzzy soft product spaces, type-2 fuzzy soft continuous mappings etc. and their topological behaviours are examined. Indexterms: Fuzzy soft sets, Fuzzy soft mappings, Fuzzy soft topologies, Type-2 fuzzy soft sets, Type-2 fuzzy soft mappings, Type-2 fuzzy soft topologies INTRODUCTION: In natural occurance of events, uncertainty is the most prevalent aspect and several theories were developed to deal with it. Probability theory deals with the uncertainties caused by the randomness of a situation but it can not handle other type of situations where the uncertainties evolving out of imprecise informations, limitations of computability and perceptibility etc. L.A. Zadeh [18], in 1965 introduced fuzzy set theory (FST) and attempted to formalize this grey area. Afterwards many generalizations, modifications and extensions of FST came up with different perspectives and several research works were published on fuzzy subgroups, fuzzy topological spaces, fuzzy topological spaces, fuzzy topological groups etc. In 1975, Zadeh [19] coined the notion of type-2 fuzzy sets which are characterized by fuzzy membership functions that are themselves type-1 fuzzy in nature. In the theory of fuzzy set as well as type-2 fuzzy sets, membership function play the main role and this function depends, on various factors and because of this many complexities are encountered while dealing with it. In 1999, D. Molodstov [11] proposed soft sets as an alternative way. He took parameterized family of sets instead of membership function. He also proved that Zadeh's fuzzy sets were spacial types of fuzzy soft sets. Therefore, it might be stated that in the field of applications in real life problems the parameterization approach of fuzzy soft set theory is better user friendly as compared to the membership function approach of fuzzy set theory. Since then research activities are going on with all these theories in their pure form as well as in their hybridizations. Currently research on fuzzy soft set theory are progressing at a very fast pace and in areas involving fuzzy soft groups [7, 9], fuzzy soft topology [3, 5, 6, 17], fuzzy soft topological groups [13, 14] etc. which are applied to decision making problems including texture classification, data analysis etc. Recently in 2015, Rajashi Chatterjee et al. [4] proposed a parameterized structure for type-2 fuzzy sets and named it type-2 fuzzy soft sets. As a continuation and observing a huge potential of fuzzy soft set theory, it is natural to investigate the behavior of the topological structures in type-2 fuzzy soft set settings. In this paper, we have introduced a notion of type-2 fuzzy soft topologies and investigate some of its Important properties. PRELIMINARIES In this section, following [7, 8, 11, 15, 16], some definitions and results of fuzzy soft sets, fuzzy soft mappings and type-2 fuzzy soft mappings are given. Unless otherwise stated, will be assumed to be an initial universal set, will be taken to be a set of parameters, denote the power set of . 1 Definition : A pair where is a mapping from to , is called a fuzzy soft set or type-1 fuzzy soft set over . Let denotes the set of all fuzzy soft sets or type-1 fuzzy soft sets over under the parameter . 2 Definition : Let . Then (i) is said to be fuzzy soft subset of if and This relation is denoted by  ̃ [11, 8]. (ii) The complement of a fuzzy soft set is defined as , where [11, 8]. (iii) is said to be a null fuzzy soft set (an absolute fuzzy soft set) if . This is denoted by ( ̃ ) ( ̃ ) [10]. 3 Definition : [11, 8] Let . Then their (a) Union, is a fuzzy soft set , denoted by  ̃ is defined by


Stock investment activities had a high level of profit and a high level of risk as well. The risk could be known from fluctuations in stock price data on stock returns. Fluctuations in stock price data on stock returns in each period could not be controlled, so predicting stock prices through returns was relatively difficult to do. The Geometric Brownian Motion (GBM) with Jump Diffusion model was proposed because it was able to capture fluctuations in stock return value data. The GBM with Jump Diffusion model was used when the data has extreme data or jumps that did not meet the assumption of normality, for example stock price data. This research was conducted to calculate the estimated risk of predicting the value of stock returns at PT Unilever Indonesia (UNVR) data for the period January 4, 2021, to January 27, 2023. Based on the results of the analysis, the estimated investment risk in UNVR stocks using the Expected Shortfall method showed that at a confidence level of 95% was generated a risk value of 0.05229, at 90% confidence level resulted in a risk value of 0.04436, at 85% confidence level resulted in a risk value of 0.03747 and 80% confidence level resulted in a risk value of 0.03645. So it could be said that the higher the level of trust, the higher the level of risk.Keywords:  GBM, jump diffusion, PT Unilever Indonesia, expected shortfallMSC2020: 62P05, 91G70


Phase noise measurements of 1100 quartz crystal resonators have been collected and analyzed. The focus of the analysis is on the nature and characteristics of the variations, or distribution, of phase noise in groups of similarly produced resonators. Crystal cuts represented in the study include the SC and AT, of various overtones, ranging in frequency from 18.754250 MHz to 111.250 MHz. The phase noise data displayed as histograms show nonnormal distributions. The nonnormal nature of the histograms is accentuated by the limitation of the reference crystal which introduces a skewness to the distribution. A technique that aids in the reduction of this problem is described. The isolation and identification of the various modes observed in multimodal distributions assists in the control or elimination of any associative causes and narrows the observed screening variances, improving resonator yields.<<ETX>>


The content of bounded amino acids in six entomopathogenic fungi was identified and determined. Analyzing the elements characterizing the pathogenicity of individual species of fungi based on infectivity criteria, ranges of infected hosts, and the ability to induce epizootics, these can be ranked in the following order: Isaria farinosa, Isaria tenuipes, Isaria fumosorose, Lecanicillium lecanii, Conidiobolus coronatus, Isaria coleopterorum. These fungi represent two types of Hyphomycetales-Paecilomyces Bainier and Verticillium Nees ex Fr. and one type of Entomophtorales-Conidiobolus Brefeld. Our study indicates that there are significant quantitative and qualitative differences of bounded amino acids in the entomopathogenic fungal strains contained in the mycelium between high and low pathogenicity strains. The richest composition of bounded amino acids has been shown in the mycelium of the Isaria farinosa strain, which is one of the most commonly presented pathogenic fungi in this group with a very wide range of infected hosts and is the most frequently recorded in nature as an important factor limiting the population of insects.


The design idea to implement multi-subdividing drive system for stepping motor based on Field-Programmable Gate Array chip was proposed in this paper. On a piece of EPF10K10LC84-15, the system module was accomplished using Very-High-Speed Integrated Circuit Hardware Description Language and graph editor. The simulation results were shown on the platform MAX+plusⅡ. This method could control the stepper motor subdivision without external digital to analog converter, which made the circuit structure be greatly simplified. And the experiment results proved that this method was also with high control precision and good effect, so it was much better than the Micro Control Unit control method. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/telkomnika.v11i8.3047


Temperate bats exhibit a poorly understood behaviour during the fall known as swarming, which has both survival and reproductive consequences. The goal of this project was to characterize how variation in physical conditions influence the movement patterns and resources used during the swarming season of the little brown bat {Myotis lucifugus), and the northern long-eared bat (M septentrionalis) in Nova Scotia, Canada. The objectives were to: 1) investigate if the swarming behaviour of male little brown bats is influenced by individual differences in body condition and reproductive status; and 2) characterize the roosts used by both species during the season. Swarming behaviour was not influenced by body condition and reproductive status alone, although the data indicate that males of a lower body conditions do return more often, and swarm for longer durations. Roosts used during the swarming season had a predominantly south western orientation unlike summer roosts, but were most often found in mid-late decay stage trees of conifer-dominated forests.


The present invention relates to a system and method of operating a bus system having a bus and a fluidic system, wherein the system comprises a plurality of bus users. A group of other users on the system bus to corresponding information of a user assigned attribute itself to the bus user transmission system.


This paper discusses the modeling of switching losses in MOSFETs half-bridges. The model proposed in the paper provides a trade-off between accuracy and computing simplicity for quick feasibility investigations and comparative evaluations among different MOSFETs combinations to be selected for the design of high-efficiency switching power supplies. The proposed model also enables a detailed analysis of capacitive currents circulating through the MOSFETs during commutations, thus allowing a more accurate loss understanding and calculation.


The paper studies the effectiveness of a refunded emission payments (REP) scheme in achieving a specific target path of NOx-emission reductions. A REP scheme levies a charge on emissions and refunds the collected funds back to the emitting firms. REP schemes have been highlighted as a remedy to some concerns about standard emission taxes. The purpose of a REP scheme, however, is to achieve effective emission reductions. We examine two REP designs in this paper and analyze their incentives for emission mitigation at the firm level, with heterogenous firms. In the first design, refunds are given to firms based on their emission cuts. The second design gives refunds based on output shares of the emitting firms. Results show that while both designs can achieve the specific target path, only refunding based on emission-reductions is cost-efficient. The two designs target different objectives and hence, provide different mitigation incentives, and result in different distributional outcomes. On the other hand, neither design raises governmental revenue, nor do they strictly adhere to the polluter-pays-principle. However, a REP scheme has qualities that should make it appealing to regulators, especially if an effective emission tax is unfeasible.


An overcurrent release device 10 includes a heat-generating unit 21, which is arranged in series with a path leading from a battery B for a vehicle to a motor M via a wire, and a thermal detection unit 24 with characteristics with temperature, of the heat generating unit 21 is supplied to change. The overcurrent release device separates an overcurrent by activating a switching element 13 on the basis of a signal corresponding to the temperature obtained by the thermal detection unit 24th The overcurrent release device 10 includes an over-current sensing element 20, in which the heat generation unit 21 and thermal detection unit 24 are integrally covered with a mold resin 30th


India is the largest provider of generic drugs globally with the Indian generics accounting for 20% of global exports in terms of volume. Comparative pharmacokinetic data under the regulatory framework of bioavailability and bioequivalence (BA/BE) study data is widely accepted by the developed countries regulatory agencies over last 4 decades to establish the efficacy of the generic products. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India recently published the 'New Drugs and Clinical Trials Rules-2018' vide gazette notification (GSR-104E) dated 01/02/2018. An elaborate and streamlined regulations for conducting clinical research (CT and BA/BE studies) in India has been provided in the said draft rule. It was available in the public domain for the responses of different stakeholders which will be wrapped up in near future. In the present paper, significance of the new clinical trials rules-2018 particularly in the field of BA/BE studies have been tried to capture.


A one-pot solvothermal approach has been developed for the synthesis of single-crystal anatase TiO2 nanospindles. The introduction of adscititious water in nonaqueous reaction mixture is critical for the spindle formation by allowing for a slow growth rate of TiO2 to facilitate the shape control of TiO2 nanospindles. Arising from the prominent light scattering effect, the fabricated dye sensitized solar cells with the TiO2 nanospindles as light scattering layer show a 27% increment of energy conversion efficiency compared to that of P25 single layer film.


The forms, amounts and distribution of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and sulfur (S) were assessed in soil profiles under trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) stands in the southern boreal forest of Saskatchewan, Canada. The total mass of organic C storage in the LFH horizon and mineral soil to a depth of 1 m ranged from 95 352 to 103 430 kg ha−1, with an average of 99 220 kg ha−1. Organic C and N in the LFH horizon accounted for the greatest proportion of the total storage (47.3% of C and 34.2% of N), followed by the B horizon (22.4% of C and 32.7% of N) the A horizon (17.3% of C and 18.3% of N) and the C horizon (13.0% of C and 14.8% of N). Unlike C and N, more than 96% of the total P was found in the mineral soil and only 3.5% in the LFH horizon. Much of the P stored in the mineral horizons is contained in non-labile primary minerals forms. The greatest proportion (36.5%) of organic S was found in the C horizon with 26.6% in the LFH horizon. The contribution of the LFH horizon to tota...


Inventories of raw materials in manufacturing companies have a very important role in the survival of the company as it relates to the smooth running of production systems to produce finished or semi-finished which will be distributed to the consumer. Therefore, raw material inventory control into a process that at least should be there and well planned, so that the inventory costs to be incurred by the company to be more efficient. This study focuses on three raw materials in PT Abadi Adimulia which are imported raw materials that can not be replaced by local raw materials to be had in Indonesia, so that the availability of raw materials is the main factor that should receive serious attention from the management company. Raw materials studied are Borealis PP 307, Moplen RP 348N and Marlex 5502. Data research using historical data inventory and usage in 2014 were obtained from the PPIC department. Results of comparative analysis with three methods of the lot sizing inventory that had been done by the company concluded that the method lot sizing economic order quantity (EOQ) is a method of lot sizing that can generate inventory cost is the lowest compared methods of lot sizing other tested where there are cost-saving supplies annually around by 54%. Keywords : Raw Material, Inventory , Lot Sizing.


Laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy is a widely-used medicinal spectral technique that has been used on the diagnosis of tissues and cells. In this paper, we measured the auto-fluorescence of serum of lung cancer patients and healthy people using the technique of laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy. Principal component analysis and discriminant analysis were used to analyze the data of fluorescence spectra, and an accuracy rate of 84% was obtained. Our preliminary research proved the possibility of using auto-fluorescence of serum for the diagnosis of lung cancer.


1 The slow kinetics of G protein‐activated K+ (GIRK) channels expressed in Xenopus oocytes were studied in single‐channel, inside‐out membrane patches. Channels formed by GIRK1 plus GIRK4 subunits, which are known to form the cardiac acetylcholine (ACh)‐activated GIRK channel (KACh), were activated by a near‐saturating dose of G protein βγ subunits (Gβγ; 20 nM). 2 The kinetic parameters of the expressed GIRK1/4 channels were similar to those of cardiac KACh. GIRK1/4 channels differed significantly from channels formed by GIRK1 with the endogenous oocyte subunit GIRK5 (GIRK1/5) in some of their kinetic parameters and in a 3‐fold lower open probability, Po. The unexpectedly low Po (0.025) of GIRK1/4 was due to the presence of closures of hundreds of milliseconds; the channel spent ∼90 % of the time in the long closed states. 3 GIRK1∼4 channels displayed a clear modal behaviour: on a time scale of tens of seconds, the Gβγ‐activated channels cycled between a low‐Po mode (Po of about 0.0034) and a bursting mode characterized by an ∼30‐fold higher Po and a different set of kinetic constants (and, therefore, a different set of channel conformations). The available evidence indicates that the slow modal transitions are not driven by binding and unbinding of Gβγ. 4 The GTPγS‐activated Gαi1 subunit, previously shown to inhibit GIRK channels, substantially increased the time spent in closed states and apparently shifted the channel to a mode similar, but not identical, to the low‐Po mode. 5 This is the first demonstration of slow modal transitions in GIRK channels. The detailed description of the slow gating kinetics of GIRK1∼4 may help in future analysis of mechanisms of GIRK gating.


In this paper,the ACELP speech coding algorithm which is based on Conjugate-Structure(CS-ACELP) is briefly described and some optimization methods are proposed,and the scheme and procedure of the algorithm's real-time implementation on the TI TMS320VC549 fixed-point DSP chip are also presented.Then,the quality of the original speech and reconstructed speech,and the performance of the speech coder are analyzed and some subjective test results are also presented. The measurement results show that the real-time implementation of optimized CSACELP speech coder on fixed-point DSP can produce toll-quality speech with smaller amount of resource and lower power cost.


In the carbonization experiment,the concrete strength,the volume fraction of steel fiber,strength degree and carbonization time were taken as variable parameters.Through the carbonization experiment of 150 concrete specimens with the size of 100mm×100mm×100mm and 75 concrete specimens of 100mm×100mm×400mm,the influential law of the grade of concrete strength,the volume fraction of steel fiber and the carbonization time on the compressive strength,splitting strength and rupture strength of steel fiber reinforced concrete are studied.The reinforced mechanism of steel fiber reinforced concrete upon the carbonization property was discussed.The research results can offer useful experimental data for design and analysis of durability property.It is also useful for the theory of steel fiber reinforced concrete to improve and spread its application.


ABSTRACT Content courses for modern language majors at United States universities are a teaching environment where limited research on second language (L2) vocabulary instruction has taken place. On the surface, it may seem that instructors do not plan vocabulary instruction. This study explores this assumption as well as the potential for learning of specialised words by examining the classroom discourse and the curricular materials, e.g., readings and instructor-created PowerPoints, of an advanced Spanish L2 culture course. Ten consecutive classroom sessions, taught by an experienced instructor, were analysed. A corpus-based analysis was conducted to identify 27 specialised target words that could potentially be learned based on their high frequency of use in classroom discourse and in the materials. In addition, the instructor-initiated lexical focus-on-form episodes on the target words were analysed, exploring the connection between the materials and the instructor's pedagogical choices. For all lexical focus-on-form episodes, the materials prompted vocabulary instruction, mostly in a pre-emptive way. Since the target words were included in the teaching materials, instruction on these words could potentially be planned. That is, the dichotomy between planned and unplanned instruction is not such when including materials in the analysis.


The invention provides a dental implant mounting and fixing device capable of impressing immediately, which comprises a base, a spherical impression screw and a mounting and fixing frame driver, wherein the base comprises a fixing frame and a bridge base and is used for mounting and fixing the driver of the mounting and fixing frame; the spherical impression screw can be used for immediately impressing after a tooth implanting operation; and the mounting and fixing frame driver locks a dental implant through a locking channel inserted into the base of the dental implant mounting and fixing device. The invention ensures the immediate impression after a tooth implanting operation and immediate chewing and has attractive appearance.


A recently synthesized polypropylene-g-polyethylene glycol polymer was used for the first time as the working electrode of a fuel cell. Electrodes were prepared for unmediated and mediated enzymatic reactions including ferrocene as the mediator. Glucose oxidase and bilirubin oxidase was used as the anodic and cathodic enzymes for the working electrodes, respectively. The biofuel cell was operated using glucose as the fuel in a single-compartment and membrane-less cell. Electrochemical results demonstrated that the catalytic efficiency of the ferrocene based cathode was approximately 100-fold higher than that of an unmediated cathode. The mediated fuel cell electrodes yielded a power density of 65 nW/cm2 at a cell potential of +560 mV.


Certain organs and glands of animals (whether susceptible to scurvy or not) have been shown by biological tests and reduction with the indophenol indicator to contain ascorbic acid (vitamin C) in higher concentration than most of the other tissues. Thus, the anterior lobe of the pituitary, corpus luteum, thymus, suprarenals, and, to a lesser extent the liver, are rich in the vitamin. The ascorbic acid content (1, 2) as well as the oxygen consumption (3) of organs decreased on the onset of scurvy. A close relationship has long been evident in vitamin C and the respiratory as well as the metabolic rate of the different organs. Localized concentration of vitamin C in the suprarenals has been ascribed for the maintenance of the normal functional activities of that organ (4). It has been definitely established that the metabolic rate of organs is increased by administration of the thyroid hormone and by a-dinitrophenol. The specific effect of the thyroid hormone on the calcium metabolism (5), as well as an increase in weight of the thyroid gland (6) in scorbutic guinea pigs, has been described. The purpose of this investigation was to clear up the disputed relationship between the cortical hormone and vitamin C as well as to observe the effect of desiccated thyroid and cr-dinitrophenol on guinea pigs fed different amounts of vitamin C.


The transport and crystallization processes of chromogenic 5.0% CuSO4 solution in the supporting body and coarse plaster of simulated wall painting samples were observed. A scanning electron microscope a and self-designed double-layer surface contact internal pressure method were used to test, respectively, the micro-morphologies of salt crystals in different regions and the micro-forces on the contact surfaces during the spread and crystallization of water and salt solution. The results demonstrate that the salt crystals formed by the CuSO4 solution on the surface of the simulated wall painting showed two different shapes: a salt belt formed by clustered crystals, and a layer of salt crust. The difference was speculated to be related to the crystals' growth conditions. The destructive effect of salt solution and salt crystals on wall paintings manifested itself by weakening the connectivity between different materials, and changing the volume and morphology of the wall paintings. Using the double-layer surface contact internal pressure method, the forces generated by the salt solution and salt crystals on the simulated wall paintings were demonstrated to be adsorption force, expansion force generated by the crystals' precipitation and growth, and suction force resulting from water loss and the shrinkage of crystals. The expansion force and suction force were not in a stable state, resulting in the contact surfaces continuously bending and stretching. Compared with pure water, salt solution can aggravate damage to the stability of wall paintings. This analysis of the transport, crystallization and micro-forces of a chromogenic salt solution in simulated wall painting samples can provide a scientific basis for studying the general patterns of damage caused by soluble salt to wall paintings during its transport and crystallization, and provide insight that can further the protection of cultural relics.


The present invention provides a quantum dot S. pneumoniae human immunochromatographic test card and its preparation method and application, the test card comprising a base plate, sample pad, absorbent pad, conjugate pad, and the detection layer; bond pads coated quantum dot labeled Streptococcus pneumoniae anti-human nanoprobes; detection layer is composed of a solid phase with a nitrocellulose membrane and a detection line of the control line; detection line coated with mouse anti-human polyclonal antibody Streptococcus pneumoniae PspA; quality control line coated with anti-rabbit IgG; detection layer attached to the base plate; bond pads and pad are disposed above both end portions of the detection layer and the rear portion are overlapped with the detection layer and a detection layer laminated with the base plate; sample pad provided attached to each of the bond pads and the bottom plate after the conjugate pad partially overlap the pad binding Fangju. The present invention is simple, rapid detection, high sensitivity and quantitative advantages.


THE DIVERSITY of life on earth is directly related to human health. As environmentalists sound warnings about the human destruction of natural habitats, the message they send does not concern just the possible extinction of some avian, mammal, botanical, or other species, but the survival of humankind itself. Physicians hardly need to be reminded of the adverse health effects of air pollution or excessive exposure to ultraviolet light. But they may be less aware of the implications for human health of the effects of global warming, or that changing patterns of precipitation can affect the spread of infectious diseases by altering the ranges of insect vectors, or that the destruction of plants and trees could reduce the sources of new medicines derived from botanical products and microorganisms. This interconnecting relationship between biological diversity ("biodiversity") and human health was the topic of a symposium held in Washington, DC, and sponsored by


Principal-agent relationships between the supervisory board and the management of firms are widespread in multi-object markets such as spectrum auctions. The management aims at winning the highest valued licenses whereas the board wants to maximize profit and limits exposure. If efficiency requires multiple firms to coordinate on winning smaller sets of objects, we demonstrate that principals would do so while agents would not and inflate demand to larger sets. We first show that even if the principal has complete information about the valuations she cannot generally incentive-align the agent with only budgets constraints in first-price sealed-bid package auctions. With hidden information the principal needs to determine contingent transfers, which can be impossible with strong value-maximizing motives of the agent. Contrary, in ascending package auctions this is straightforward. The second-price payment rule of the ascending auction enables the principal to overcome the agency problem and the dynamic mechanism further facilitates coordination.


Face detection technology is widely used in various fields, such as security systems and authentication systems. In the current stage of normalized epidemic prevention and control, people need to wear masks in public. A new approach is urgently needed to enable face detection when people wear masks. First, according to the public dataset Widerface and MAFA, this paper uses a Dlib-based way to obtain a self-built dataset and label them. Second, we have made the following innovations to the YOLOv3 face detection algorithm. The original Darknet-53 is replaced with ResNet50 as the backbone network, where DCN(Deformable Convolutional Network) enhances the robustness of the model to slightly deformed targets. At the same time, the FPN(Feature Pyramid Network) is replaced by BiFPN(Bidirectional Feature Network) and DIoU(Distance IoU) is introduced as a positioning loss function. Third, after changing faceNet's loss function to ArcFace, two models are trained using FaceNet: a mask-wearing face and a normal face. Experiments show that the face detection model proposed in this paper has an mAP50(mean Average Precision) of 94.68%, which is 2.53% higher than the original YOLOv3 model. Through multi-model with different weights selected by self-determination, the face recognition can maximize the use of the current facial feature points and achieve a more superior face identity recognition effect.


A set of experiments were conducted on the circumferential overlap trisection helical baffle heat exchangers with inclined angles of 20°, 24°, 28° and 32° single-thread and inclined angle of 32° dual-thread one, and a segmental baffle heat exchanger as a contrast scheme. The cylinder case of the testing heat exchanger is a common shell, while the tube bundle core could be replaced. The shell side heat transfer coefficient ho is obtained by subtract tube-side convection thermal resistance and tube wall conduction resistance from the overall heat transfer coefficient K. The curves of shell side heat transfer coefficient ho , pressure drop Δpo , Nusselt number Nuo , and axial Euler number Euz,o are presented versus axial Reynolds number Rez,o . A comprehensive performance index Nuo /Euz,o is suggested to demonstrate the integral properties of both heat transfer and flow resistance of different schemes, and the curves of Nuo /Euz,o versus Rez,o of the different schemes are presented. The results show that the scheme with inclined angle 20° performs better than other schemes, and the scheme with inclined angle 24° ranks the second, however the segment scheme ranks the last. The curves of Nuo /Euz,o of both schemes with inclined angle 32° of single-thread and dual-thread are almost coincident, even though their heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop curves are quite different. The results indicate also that for the circumferential overlap trisection helical baffle schemes the optimal inclined angle is around 20° instead of around 40° as rated by many literatures for the quadrant helical baffle schemes.Copyright © 2011 by ASME


This work was supported by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, UK (grant EP/F044704/1) and the Max Planck Society.


In order to reduce the nitrogen pollution in sewage to environment,94 bacteria were isolated from sewage by isolation medium.These bacteria were enriched,and41nitrifyingbacteriawerescreened through identification medium,ammonia,nitrite and nitrate kit.25 efficient nitrifying bacteria were rescreened according to their different function,resulted in that the COD reduced to 40-60 mg/L in the municipal wastewater,which met the primary degradation standard of COD,the ammonia nitrogen degradation rate reached 70%-90%,which met the degradation standard of ammonia nitrogen in the sewage,too.


There are a great number of ground source heat pumps (GSHPs) have applied in China in the last decade with the help of academic study and governmental policy promotion. With a lot of large scale GSHPs applied without effective supervising, the market competition is in mess, and now they are facing a lot of complicated scientific problems and technological challenges. The practices show that the GSHP systems application should according to the terrain feature and season feature. This paper discussed the problems in the development and application of borehole ground source heat pumps and ground water heat pumps so that the GSHPs can develop effectively and healthily in China.


Background Neuropathic pain is an intractable chronic pain. Due to it's complicated generation mechanism,kinds of therapy differ from one another. But there's no one effective way that suit all kinds of neuropathic pain. Objective To summarize the research status of mexiletine used in the management of neuropathic pain. Content Mexiletine, a sodium channel blocker, could effectively block abnormal sodium channel currents flow, shorten these channels' open duration, cut down the excitability of the neuraxons, thus releasing pain. Investigations in neuropathic pain treatment with mexiletine, including animal experiments and clinical researches, have gradually increased day by day. It is reported that some types of neuropathic pain,especially patients with painful peripheral neuropathy, e.g. chronic diabetic neuropathy, peripheral nerve injury, post-herpes or post-chemotherapy neuropathic pain, could be obviously relieved by mexiletine, with little side effccts and great security. Trend Mexiletine has some curative effect while treating neuropathic pain. There should be more focus on it's different blockage roles in various sodium channels, which may provide some new thoughts to treat various neuropathic pain.

Key words:
Neuropathic pain;  Mexiletine;  Sodium channel


This work presents the development of a sliding mode controller (SMC) for a 3 DoF vision augmented quadrotor which subjected to input and state constraints, in the presence of system uncertainties and bounded external disturbances. The approach relies on using a modified constant plus power rate reaching law that will ensure to keep the rate of change of the sliding variable bounded, irrespective of the initial conditions of the system. The paper also derives the relationship between the state and the input constraints and the controller gains, hence allowing the user to assign suitable values for the same based on the imposed constraints. Such a design plays a vital role in visual servoing as it helps maintain a smooth tracking profile while ensuring minimum stress on the actuators. To demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed controller over the vision augmented model, numerical simulations are presented and the findings are compared with an existing state of the art sliding mode strategy.


In this paper, the monotonic results of the functions xc|ψ (n)(x+β)| and xψ (n+1)(x+ β)/ψ (n)(x + β) are established. Several by-products are obtained. Moreover, we prove that the function dψ (ln x) dx is completely monotonic. Mathematics subject classification (2000): 33B15, 26A48.


As an important part of the capital market, the stock market can not only reflect the quality of the macro economy in time, but also reflect the policy changes in the change of the stock price.In addition, the stock market not only provides a public financing platform with strong liquidity for enterprises, but also plays a crucial role in the redistribution of social resources.This paper takes China's CSI 300 index CSI 500 index from 2007 to 2022 as the research object, and uses ARIMA, ARCH family and other models to implement it, which provides a better solution for the prediction of stock trends.


" Ge n i e " , a 4 0 KHZ s o n o f u s i o n r e a c t o r c o n s i s t s o f 2 o p p o s i n g 4 0 KHz p i e z o s s e p a r a t e d b y 4 mm o f D 2 O, with a centered Ti target foil, with one piezo transmitting, the other receiving and taking that signal, amplifying it, then feeding it back to the transmitter as the resonating frequency of the reactor. This process makes for efficient watt input, Qi, where 80% of these watts will be used as the acoustic input, Qa, t o t h e " Ge n i e " s o n o f u s i o n r e a c t o r. I n t h e r e a c t o r t h e t r a n s i e n t c a v i t a t i o n b u b b l e s , T C Bs, produce billions of low energy high density jets per second that accelerate deuterons into foil targets producing excess heat, Qx. The Qx is determined by calorimetric measurements of experiments that use coolant water circulated to the surface of the well insulated reactor and data collected in the form of T in and T out at steadystate temperatures and coolant flow rate. The total watts out, Qo, minus Qa ideally should equal zero, and we know that this calorimetry method has several losses that are not measured. This makes the method very conservative when looking for Qx. The Qx must make up those heat losses before making its presence known. The result from experiments of system I using flow x DT x 4.184 for Qo –Qi = Qx shows that Qx values over unity are the norm. System II used a more realistic calculation for Qx where flow x DT x 4.184 for Qo –Qa = Qx showed increased results. The calibration of the reactor with a Joule heater, JH, and substituting H 2 O for D 2 O produced measurements that showed the reactor calorimetry was close to zero Qx production as one would expect. These measurements showed that …


The emerging "intercultural" approaches to L2 education has mainly focused on the cultivation of cultural awareness between different nation countries,this paper however,pushes the concept to a more "micro" and "deeper" level,to include the cultural diversities between different groups within one country,and the linkage between cultural tradition and modernity within a country's historical development.Such "inner-cultural" resources,the author argues,should be offered as powerful "cultural tool kits" in L2 education,in order to bridge the gap between students' L1 and L2 literacy,boost their motivation and creativity,and above all,to push for a "third place" where both their native and foreign linguacultures are reinforced.A theoretical framework is drawn for the new approach to L2 education,mainly informed by postmodernist critical theory,and media cultural studies.Examples are given as to how to implement this approach in actual teaching.


Mechanical stress and the vacuum level are the two main factors dominating the quality factor of a resonator operated in the vacuum range 1 mTorr to 10 Torr. This means that if the quality factor of a resonator is very insensitive to the mechanical stress in the vacuum range, it is sensitive to mainly the ambient vacuum level. In this paper, a wafer-level packaged MEMS resonator with a highly vacuumsensitive quality factor is presented. The proposed device is characterized by a package with out-of-plane symmetry and a suspending structure with only a single anchor. Out-of-plane symmetry helps prevent deformation of the packaged device due to thermal mismatch, and a single-clamped structure facilitates constraint-free displacement. As a result, the proposed device is very insensitive to mechanical stress and is sensitive to mainly the ambient vacuum level. The average quality factors of the devices packaged under pressures of 50, 100, and 200 mTorr were 4987, 3415, and 2127, respectively. The results demonstrated the high controllability of the quality factor by vacuum adjustment. The mechanical robustness of the quality factor was confirmed by comparing the quality factors before and after hightemperature storage. Furthermore, through more than 50 days of monitoring, the stability of the quality factor was also certified.


Introduction:
 Left Ventricular Assist Devices (LVADs) are effective and feasible options for stage D heart failure. The impact of procedural volumes on LVAD outcomes has been seldomly investigated.

 Methods:
 We investigated the Nationwide Readmission Database for the impact of different institutional LVAD volumes on clinical outcomes in 2018. Institutional procedural volumes were stratified into Low (1-7/year), medium (8-24/year) and high (>25/year). Multivariant analysis and adjusted odds ratio was performed to examine association between LVAD hospital volumes and outcomes. Primary outcome was major adverse events (MAE) defined as a composite of mortality, myocardial infarction, stroke or TIA, bleeding requiring transfusion, acute kidney injury, vascular complications and pericardial effusion or tamponade requiring pericardiocentesis or surgery.

 Results:
 A total of 2315 patients underwent LVAD placement, with a mean age of 57. No difference in age, sex or presence of chronic disease was noted among patient in different procedural volume tiers. There was statistically significant difference in MAE in medium-volume center when comparing to low volume centers. No difference in MAE was present in low and high-volume center. No significant difference was noted in 30-day all cause readmission, 30-day heart failure readmission or in individual components of MAE across different hospital procedural volumes.

 Conclusions:
 Medium-volume centers are associated with better composite clinical outcomes. Overall, no difference in mortality, stroke or myocardial infarction exists among different volume centers. Further clinical research is warranted to clarify the appropriate minimum LVAD procedural volumes required for accreditation.


- Amine-functionalised allylsilanes, readily prepared by olefin cross metathesis of protected homoallylamines with allyltrimethylsilane, undergo stereoselective condensation with aldehydes to yield trisubstituted pyrrolidines.


Abstract : Nickel, nickel zinc, and magnesium zinc ferrite thin films have been prepared singly and in combination utilizing chemical deposition techniques. These films, deposited on alumina substrates were then tested as nonreciprocal elements in an experimental resonance isolator in the 35 Gc frequency region. Device performance as well as the magnetic properties and crystallographic analysis is included. (Author)


In this paper, expressions are established for certain relative rotations which arise in motions of rigid bodies. A comparison of these results with existing relations for geometric phases in the motions of rigid bodies provides alternative expressions of, and computational methods for, the relative rotation. The computational aspects are illustrated using several examples from rigid-body dynamics: namely, the moment-free motion of a rigid body, rolling disks, and sliding disks.


Leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula) is an exotic, noxious perennial weed that has become widely distributed in the northern Great Plains. The plant is found primarily in nontilled agricultural land (pasture, rangeland, hayland, and idle cropland) and also in road ditches, around lakes, and in parks. Because leafy spurge exhibits exceptional ability to spread and thrive in a variety of habitats, is hardy, and resists control, it has become a serious problem for farmers and ranchers.


The invention provides a durability testing system for a vehicle control device, and aims to solve the problem of influence of various problems caused by the frequent use of a measurement and control device on the accuracy and the safety of a tested vehicle in use. The durability testing system comprises a signal input unit, a signal output unit, a detection unit, a central processing unit and corresponding control software, and is characterized in that the signal input unit is formed by connecting a digital input module, an analogue input module and a keyboard in parallel. The durability testing system has the positive effects that a powerful compatible computing function of a programmable logic controller (PLC) is used for comprehensively detecting the measurement and control device, various measurement and control devices can be simultaneously detected, special equipment is not required to be arranged according to different devices, and the aim can be fulfilled only by regulating parameters and ports.


The global economy is becoming more functionally integrated and interdependent, facilitated by information and communication technologies, and the operations of multi-national enterprises. Global p...


This chapter and the previous Chapter 8 are interconnected as they both discuss Armenian diaspora mobilizations. This chapter unravels the typological theory through five causal pathways. Mobilizations took place most often when host-state foreign policies diverged from the diaspora goals for Karabakh's statehood, and Armenian genocide recognition. The most contentious pathway is associated with the response to violent critical events in the homeland, most notably the 1988 Sumgait pogrom and Karabakh war in the 1990s. Dual-pronged contention occurred when Armenia's government clashed with the diaspora on issues of genocide recognition throughout the 1990s. Although the conflict diminished thereafter, the Armenian government has been reluctant to turn to the diaspora for political support in Europe, but it seeks it primarily for economic, social, and development projects. Dual-pronged contention also occurred when transnationalized parties mobilized for genocide recognition. For Dashnaks this has been the most important homeland-oriented goal. Other diaspora entrepreneurs lobbied and protested as well, even if they also mobilized on different social, cultural, and educational projects. Largely non-contentious activities followed political parties in France, leader of European efforts for genocide recognition, as well as when diaspora entrepreneurs acted on limited global influences, building business platforms, or engaging in medical, social, and economic support for Armenia and Karabakh.


honest and trustworthy than people on higher rungs of the social ladder. This bias stayed with him all his life; his trust in Stalin was, for example, colored by Stalin's peasant background." They say this of the man who wrote the famous memorandum to the other members of the editorial board of Iskra: "We should show every kindness to the peasantry, but not yield an inch in our maximum program. If the peasants do not accept socialism when the dictatorship comes, we shall say to them, 'It's no use wasting words when you have got to use force.'" As for Stalin, he was no peasant, but the son of a cobbler, who studied to be a priest, worked in a subordinate capacity in an astronomical observatory, and when in power put into concentration camps and killed more millions of peasants than any other ruler in history. In short, as a popularization the book is neither sound enough nor popular enough, and as a serious study it is lacking in scholarship.


Hair serves as a social sign of gender, age, status, values, and group membership. Hair is a major part of one's self-identity, and central to one's feeling of personal attractiveness. Treating a patient with hair loss and/or hair issues is not easy because of psychosocial overtones and patients' distress and body image concerns. In this paper, several common hair diseases will be discussed in consort with sample patient instructional sheets. They include trichorrhexis nodosa, te- logen effluvium, pattern alopecia, alopecia areata, excess facial hair in females, and male pattern baldness. This paper therefore presents a template from which individual physicians can assess whether any portion of the material is worth be- ing incorporated into their individual practices. Scalp hair has been endowed with greater social and psy- chological significance than biological importance. Medi- cally, it merely provides some shielding from ultraviolet rays and some cushioning of the cranium from head gear. Histori- cally and culturally, hair serves as a social sign of gender, age, status, values, and group membership. As stated previ- ously, "from monks to skinheads, prisoners of war to warri- ors, bigwig European aristocrats to mop top Beatles, and hippies to head-shaven celebrity athletes, hair makes a statement whether chosen or imposed (1)". Hair is a major part of one's self-identity, and central to one's feeling of personal attractiveness. Physical appearance symbolizes one's perceptions, thoughts, feelings, and behav- iors. People use this physical attribute to express one's indi- viduality. Hair styling is a major part of one's daily grooming ritual. Quoting a psychologist, "Preparing one's hair is prepa- ration to face one's social world. The expression 'bad hair day' is testimony to the psychological importance of hair. Hair loss can turn every day into a bad hair day (1)".


Nondegenerate forms of the Maximum Principle for Optimal Control Problems with State Constraints The Maximum Principle (MP) plays an important role in the characterization of solutions to optimal control problems. It typically identifies a small set of candidates where the minimizers belong. However, for some optimal control problems with constraints, it may happen that the MP is unable to provide any useful information; for example, if the set of candidates to minimizers that satisfy a certain MP coincides with the set of all admissible solutions. When this happens, we say that the degeneracy phenomenon occurs. One of ours main goals, is preventing the degeneracy phenomenon to occur by imposing additional terms to the MP. In this context, we developed new strengthened forms of the MP, for optimal control problems and in particular for optimal control problems with higher index state constrains. Another case where the MP is unable to provide any useful information happens when the scalar multiplier associated with the objective function is equal to zero. So, the MP merely states a relation between the constraints and does not use the objective function to select candidates to minimizers. We have also developed strengthened forms of the MP such that the MP can be written with the multiplier associated with the objective function not zero, the so-called normal forms of the MP, for optimal control problems. These two types of strengthened forms of the MP can be applied when the probiii


The 6th International Conference in Evolutionary Linguistics (CIEL 6), jointly organized by Overseas Education College of Xiamen University and the Anthropological Society of China, was held in Xiang'an campus of Xiamen University, on November 22-23, 2014. A total of 45 scholars from China, U.S. and Estonia attended the conference. There were 7 keynote speeches, 22 oral presentations and 8 poster presentations featuring five major themes: language as a complex adaptive system; language and the brain; vertical and horizontal transmission of languages; language and population evolution in China; the ancestry of the Chinese Language.


Arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes are an increasing threat to global health. The small interfering RNA (siRNA) pathway is considered the main antiviral immune pathway of insects, and thus represents a potential key target in the development of novel transmission-blocking strategies against arboviruses. Although the antiviral function of the siRNA pathway in Ae. aegypti is well established, its effective impact on arbovirus transmission is surprisingly poorly understood. Here, we used CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing to create a line of Ae. aegypti in which we mutated Dicer2, a gene encoding the RNA sensor and key component of the siRNA pathway. Our Dicer2 null mutant line is viable and fertile, and only displays minor fitness defects despite being unable to produce siRNAs. The loss of Dicer2 affects early viral replication and systemic viral dissemination of four medically significant arboviruses (chikungunya, Mayaro, dengue, and Zika viruses) representing two viral families. However, measures of virus transmission potential indicate that Dicer2 null mutants and wild-type mosquitoes display an overall similar level of vector competence. Additionally, Dicer2 null mutants undergo significant virus-induced mortality during infection with chikungunya virus, but not dengue virus. Together, our results define a multifaceted role for Dicer2 in the transmission of arboviruses by Ae. aegypti mosquitoes and pave the way for further mechanistic investigations.


This article aims to discuss about the used of internet-based activities in teaching listening skill. Internet technology is widely spead through all over the world. Many people used internet as their sources in gaining more information. Moreover for the teachers or lecturers of English Language Teaching class, they are using internet technology as their sources  or  media  in  teaching  and  learning  process.  Hopefully,  this  article  can  give contribution to the teacher and lecturer in teaching listening skill.


Agriculture sector is the backbone of Indian economy. The role of agricultural sector is very important in a developing economy in increasing national income, exports, food grains, supply of raw materials and employment. Every nation is trying to increase the productivity of its agriculture sector. With increment in agricultural productivity the problem of inadequate stock of food grain can be solved, prices of agricultural products can be brought down and growth rate of development of agricultural sector can be increased. Development of other two sectors is depending upon agricultural sector. Industrial sector gets raw materials and food grain from agricultural sector, also the demand of industrial products as fertilisers, pesticides etc is depend upon agricultural productivity. Higher or increasing productivity of agricultural sector leads to more demand to industrial products and industrial sector starts developing. People working in services sector depend upon agricultural sector while getting food grains, fruits and vegetables. If we have increasing productivity trend then people working in services sector can get agricultural products at lower prices and their standard of living improves. In short the development of agricultural productivity has huge importance since every component of an economy is connected with agricultural productivity directly or indirectly.


Background:  Interleukin (IL)‐1β, a pro‐inflammatory macrophage‐derived cytokine, is implicated as a key mediator of interstitial fibrosis and tubular loss or injury in progressive renal insufficiency. This study investigates some of the mechanisms of action of IL‐1β on the proximal tubule.


Anthony Marx has written an analysis of the role played by racial configuration in nation making in the tradition of Pierre van den Berghe's and George Frederickson's comparative work. Marx is concerned to account for the apparent differences played by race in the national construction of the United States, South Africa, and Brazil. The central thesis is straightforward and simple. Political elites resorted to racist exclusion, most notably in the form of de jure segregation, to consolidate whites in the face of intrawhite conflict (Civil War in the United States, the Boer War in South Africa), national instability, and potential demise in power. So de jure segregation emerged to unite whites in these societies. By contrast, Brazil suffered no internalized conflict among whites, and so no need to resort to segregation of blacks as a way of uniting a divided nation identified with whiteness. In Brazil, discrimination accordingly assumed less overt forms. In this scheme of things racial formation is taken to be imposed more or less topdown by elites seeking to ensure solidity in their nation building in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Marx undertakes to render this thesis more complex and nuanced by arguing that formal exclusion prompted resistant racial identities among people of color that were necessary in turn for protesting such exclusion and mobilizing for inclusion and resource sharing. Here again Marx differentiates Brazil from the other two instances, for in the former, lack of formalized racism is deemed to result in the relative lack of resistant racebased identity formation. Marx silently takes for granted a number of problematic theoretical assumptions underlying his account. Thus he undertheorizes the state, race and racial formation, and the nature of politics, not least in light of considerable recent work concerning all three. First, there is almost total absence here of any account of the nature of the state. Marx conceives the state minimally and traditionally in a Hobbesian vein, as acting instrumentally and coherently to ensure and maintain social stability and security, reduced to the unified actions and plans of elites. The state is seen simply to act and to use race instrumentally to the ends of stability and security (pp. 4, 13). It follows, second, that there is no account of race and race making in the book beyond what elites and resisters are taken superficially and obviously to do in relation and response to each other. So Marx offers no account of how race is used, what it stands for materially and symbolically, what work and conditions in different contexts it is able to effect beyond the bald unification of whites in the face of their own potential conflict. Accordingly, he suggests a totally reductionistic sense of racial


The invention discloses a falling and injuring buffering and alleviating system, belonging to the technical field of elevator equipment. The falling and injuring buffering and alleviating system comprises a vertical elevator shaft, elevator doors, a motor, a chain, an elevator car, an elevator car door, infrared ray devices, a control, an alarming device, a thruster, a baffling plate, a spring and a top plate, wherein the vertical elevator shaft is arranged in a building; the elevator doors are arranged on the front wall surface of the vertical elevator shaft; the elevator car is arranged in the vertical elevator shaft; the top of the elevator car is connected with the motor through the chain; the infrared ray devices are arranged on the inner wall surface of the vertical elevator shaft, and face right to the elevator doors; and the control is arranged on the wall surface of the top of the vertical elevator shaft. According to the falling and injuring buffering and alleviating system, when the control monitors that a person falls into the vertical elevator shaft through the infrared ray devices, the alarming device is controlled to be started, and the baffling plate is controlled to extend into the elevator shaft rapidly. The falling and injuring buffering and alleviating system is reasonable in design and simple in structure, and is applicable to design of an elevator safety system.


Since its introduction in the early eighties, Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy (ESEM) proved a particularly useful tool in the characterisation of delicate samples mainly in the field of life sciences. Now, the potential of this equipment (no or little sample preparation, possible dynamic observation and reactivity studies...) is more and more employed in traditional materials domains. Some typical applications of ESEM concerning metallic compounds are presented.


The standard model of memory consolidation foresees that memories are initially recorded in the hippocampus, while features that capture higher-level generalisations of data are created in the cortex, where they are stored for a possibly indefinite period of time. Computer scientists have sought inspiration from nature to build machines that exhibit some of the remarkable properties present in biological systems. One of the results of this effort is represented by artificial neural networks, a class of algorithms that represent the state of the art in many artificial intelligence applications. In this work, we reverse the inspiration flow and use the experience obtained from neural networks to gain insight into the design of brain architecture and the functioning of memory. Our starting observation is that neural networks learn from data and need to be exposed to each data record many times during learning: this requires the storage of the entire dataset in computer memory. Our thesis is that the same holds true for the brain and the main role of the hippocampus is to store the "brain dataset", from which high-level features are learned and encoded in cortical neurons.


In this paper we introduce the concept of an overall power function that is meant
to combine two sources of a party's power in a parliament. The first source is based
on the possibilities for the party to be part of a majority coalition and it is typically
modeled using a cooperative simple game. The second source takes into account
parties' asymmetries outside the cooperative game and it is displayed by a vector
of exogenously given weights. We adopt a normative point of view and provide an
axiomatic characterization of a specific overall power function, in which the weights
enter in a proportional fashion.


The thesis deals with the status of the Czech health care system and the position of the patient in this system. This thesis aims to evaluate the current state of health care and to deduce measures from theoretical knowledge to improve the patient?s position. The theoretical section describes basic concepts related to development of the health care system and the current situation of the patient. The practical section evaluates selected problems of the Czech health care system related to the patient?s status and raises some measures as how to eliminate these problems.


The pathophysiologic role of the left atrial appendage (LAA) in thromboembolic disease and as the primary source for cardioembolic events in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) has been recognized since the 1950s.1 This has led to the development of percutaneous approaches to exclude LAA, including LAA ligation with the LARIAT suture delivery device (SentreHEART, Inc, Redwood City, CA).2 However, the anatomic consequences of percutaneous LAA ligation are unknown. This report describes LAA gross anatomy and histological consequences of LAA ligation from 2 patients.

A 63-year-old man with a history of persistent AF on chronic warfarin oral anticoagulation was referred for LAA exclusion after severe gastrointestinal bleeding and history of falling resulting in a hip fracture. His past medical history included hypertension, diabetes mellitus, previous myocardial infarctions, congestive heart failure, end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis, peripheral vascular disease, status post–femoral popliteal bypass surgery, and hip fracture. The patient had a CHADS2 score of 3, CHADS-Vasc score of 4, and a HAS-Bleed score of 4. The patient underwent an uncomplicated closed-chested LAA ligation with the LARIAT suture delivery device.2 LAA closure was confirmed with transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and contrast fluoroscopy acutely (Figure 1). The patient did well post-LAA closure and was on no antiplatelet or antithrombin medications. A follow-up TEE performed at 8 months revealed a closed LAA with no leaks. Eleven months after his LAA ligation, the patient was admitted to the hospital with pneumonia and volume-overloaded congestive heart failure. During dialysis, the patient had a ventricular fibrillation arrest. Cardiac resuscitation was initiated but was unsuccessful and the patient …


The paper is concerned with conceptual modeling of the new aircraft based on bionical forms. Search visual-graphic calculations of the model under development are presented. 3D modeling of aircraft constructional parts were carried out according to the detailed designs. For 3D surfaces modeling the Koons method is used. Rendering scenes of shaded 3D model of aircraft is presented.


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This paper discusses epistemological consequences of embodied AI for Artificial Life models. The importance of robotic systems for ALife lies in the fact that they are not purely formal models and thus have to address issues of semantic adaptation and epistemic autonomy, which means the system's own ability to decide upon the validity of measurements. Epistemic autonomy in artificial systems is a difficult problem that poses foundational questions. The proposal is to concentrate on biological transformations of epistemological questions that have lead to the development of modern ethology. Such an approach has proven to be useful in the design of control systems for behavior-based robots. It leads to a better understanding of modern ontological conceptions as well as a reacknowledgement of finality in the description and design of autonomous systems.


The current world facing unpredictable problems with different variants of COVID-19; SARS-COV-19 is a significant lung infection caused by a coronavirus. Each type has one or more alterations to distinguish from each other. The viruses, including SARS-COV-19, continuously change the genetic code (mutations) during their genome replication. WHO labelled two variants in that we are experienced with delta (B.1.617.2) variant, now recently the omicron came (B.1.1.529) with highly mutatable strikes on it. So WHO predicted it is more dangerous than previous variants because of its mutatable capability. The mutatable strikes play an essential role in transmissibility. So there is a need to evaluate threatens raised with the new variant, so scientists are working on it. Till now, South Africa noticed major cases positive for the Omicron variant. Based on recent reports, the current paper summarized different properties of the omicron variant with others, including protein structure, diagnosis, spreadability, treatment, and potency of vaccines. Doi: 10.28991/SciMedJ-2021-0304-10 Full Text: PDF


A new design strategy for the development of bifunctional electrocatalysts capable of catalyzing both the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is proposed. In this strategy, the MnOx lattice is doped with either electropositive (Sr, Ba) or electronegative (Bi, Pb) elements that results in the coincorporation of electron-rich donor (Mn2+) and electron-poor acceptor (Mn4+) defects in the same parent (Mn3+) lattice. These defects effectively catalyze the reduction (ORR) and oxidation (OER) processes on the same electrode surface. This study is based on the results of a previous study on Mn2O3 that showed Mn2+ and Mn4+ as the active sites for ORR and OER processes, respectively. Our results show that BiMnOx is the most promising bifunctional catalyst with OER/ORR activities that are comparable to the individual activities of state-of-the-art commercial Pt or RuO2 catalysts. Stability tests show the catalyst to be stable for more than 3 h of continuous OER or ORR polarization. This work provides a pathway for the individual tuning of defects to control electrocatalytic activities, which opens up new possibilities for the rational design of many perovskite-based oxides.


The study was carried out to evaluate skeletal, dental and soft tissue effects produced by PowerScope 2 appliance following the correction of skeletal Class II malocclusion.A total of 10 patients (3 males and 7 females with mean age of 14.40 ± 0.70 yrs) diagnosed with skeletal Class II malocclusion and indicated for fixed functional appliance were treated using Power Scope2 appliance. Paired t-test was used to assess skeletal, dental and soft tissue changes evaluated on lateral cephalograms taken at pre-functional (T1) and post-functional (T2) stages. Maxillomandibular sagittal relation was markedly improved with a significant gain in the length of the mandible along with a restraining effect on the maxillary dentition. The improvement in molar relation was mainly contributed by dentoalveolar effects (72.3 %) and secondarily by skeletal effects (27.7 %) while the reduction in overjet was contributed by 22.4% skeletal and 77.6% dental effects. Vertical changes were non-significant. Following PowerScope 2 therapy there was an overall improvement in facial esthetics.Power Scope2 serves as an effective skeletal Class II corrector with primarily dentoalveolar and secondary skeletal effects.


The Return of Rondo Hatton: The Recordings of Frank Zappa, Volume Five, 1974-1975. By Scott Parker. Waterbury, Conn.: SPB Publishing, 2012. 397pp (paperback). ISBN 9781479397433 Who Did What: The Audio and Visual Documents of the Who, Volume One, 1964-1970. By Scott Parker. Waterbury, Conn.: SPB Publishing, 2011. 202pp (paperback). ISBN 9781475030099 With the fifth entry in his self-published series of books about the recordings of Frank Zappa, Scott Parker already exceeds his plan, stated in the first volume (2007's Hungry Freaks Daddy), to document Zappa recordings in a four-volume set. But this is all the better for serious Zappa fans, or "Zappateers" as Parker and his group of online peers call themselves. As the career of the prolific composer/guitarist/bandleader progressed, more of it was recorded for posterity leaving Parker with an increasing amount of recordings to inventory. Volume Five covers the period from June 1974 through May 1975, during which Zappa and his Mothers of Invention worked a demanding road schedule, with engagements across the United States and a month in Europe. For Zappa, this was a fruitful time that saw the release of Roxy and Elsewhere, the recording of One Size Fits All, and the commercial success of "Don't Eat the Yellow Snow." Frank's Fall 1974 touring ensemble was one of his best, with Napoleon Murphy Brock on saxophone and lead vocals, George Duke on keyboards, Tom Fowler on bass, Chester Thompson on drums, and Ruth Underwood on percussion. The 1975 band, with the departure of Thompson and Underwood, added drummer Terry Bozzio, trombonist Bruce Fowler, guitarist Denny Walley, and, in his only tour as a Mother, Captain Beefheart. The set lists for these tours consisted largely of material from Zappa's early- and mid-1970s albums. Parker begins with a discography of official releases, with catalog numbers and low-quality scans of cover art and labels. Next is listed over fifty bootlegs on LP and CD, mostly concert recordings, with label numbers, cover art reproductions, song titles, and brief annotations. Another section documents recorded interviews and guest radio DJ slots, for which Parker lists subjects discussed and selections played by Zappa. The bulk of the volume is Parker's chronicle of over sixty unofficial live tapes. Most of these are surreptitious audience recordings, although some are soundboard recordings from the collection of a Zappa road manager. For each, Parker includes date and location, song titles with approximate durations, a sound quality grade, a detailed show synopsis, and transcription of between-song banter. Parker's summaries of mid-song dialogue give some idea of the live rapport of the band. Compared with the first volume of the Zappa series, Parker has taken greater liberties in his write-ups, with an increase in word count and typographical errors. His tone is informal, which endows this labor of love with his own personality, and, in turn, that of his subject. He is clearly conversant in the diverse range of music that Zappa's work references, as well as the various phases of Zappa's own lengthy career. Though Parker states that he simply intends to "provide a listing of a tape's contents," and not to review them "with a critical eye," he does, in fact, consistently offer aesthetic appraisals. …


School is a place of teaching and educating,impart knowledge and civilization to the next generation,and dissemination of science and truth,a place of moral and spiritual heritage is the cradle of student growth.The university,I think is the most critical period of the formation of a correct outlook on life,world outlook,values.School faculty school education,educators begin to adjust the contradictory relationship between people and the environment,people,and the human heart with the appearance of three pairs need to build a harmonious campus,building a harmonious campus culture,promoting a strong culture of school is my school establish and implement the scientific concept of development,to create a high level special class university goals with my school is the same.In order to enhance the creative vitality of the campus,it must be based on the practical needs of the school,building a harmonious campus culture,promoting a strong culture of school work.


Equations have been formulated that govern the interaction between a plane transverse electromagnetic wave and the slightly ionized nonequilibrium gas flowing downstream of a shock wave. Under the assumption that the electromagnetic field is weak, the equations have been linearized and analytical solutions have been obtained. These solutions indicate that significant localized heating of the gas can be accomplished only for narrow ranges of the parameters of the problem. Calculations have been made for the increase in electron density and change in reflection coefficient. The results indicate that very small fields (e.g., 10 mW/cm2) can heat the electrons enough to significantly alter the reflection coefficient.


Objective To establish canine model of the simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation(SPK),and to observe treatment about type 1 diabetic nephropathy.Methods 24 pairs of canine were divided into donors and recipients group randomly.Donor's multiple organs were cut,including the whole pancreas,segment of duodenum,kidneys and spleen.Left lobe of pancreas was resected in recipients to establish the model of diabetes 1.The portal vein and abdominal aorta of donor was joined by end-to-side anastomosis to the right sleeve chip external iliac artery and vein respectively,the left renal arteriovenous was performed the end-to-side anastomosis between the left external iliac artery and vein of receptor respectively,duodenum and bladder anastomosis,didn't carry out the the anti-rejection treatment was not used,the levels of blood glucose and urine amylase were measured in perioperative period,also histopathological examination was performed.Results 12 cases of recipients received pancreatoduodenal allotransplantation,2 cases died in each group(donor and recipient groups) for the accident of intraoperative anesthesia.The success rate of operation in recipients was 91.7%.Complications happened in 4 cases,including anastomotic artery thrombosis(16.7%) in 2 cases,vascular of graft torsion(8.3%) in 1 cases and duodenal necrosis(8.3%) in 1 cases.Among 10 recipients,function of endocrine and exocrine was basically normal,but rejection occurred gradually in graft kidney,duodenum and pancreas from 3 to 7 postoperative days,finally graft dysfunction caused recipients to did.Conclusion SPK model of canines is a feasible treatment to diabetic nephropathy,and a good surgical technique is the basic requirement of a successful SPK transplantation,technical complications and rejection are the main reasons for graft dysfunction.


cameras triggered simultaneously, problems with wind or clouds or both producing somewhat different images are avoided. But if only one camera must be focused, equal depth of field on the stereo pair is assured. Because the stereo pair is produced on one prin t or slide rather than two, total costs for film, developing, and printing are reduced. Furthermore, problems of matching up stereo pairs, as is necessary with separate print methods, are eliminated . We have not yet tested this stereophotographic technique for quadrates larger than a square foot. We do know that a greater camera height would be required. The scale would therefore be smaller and species identification perhaps more difficult. However, the technique is a valuable tool where small plots will suffice and in situations in which use of more sophisticated equipment is impractical.


The growing industry of polymer and composite materials is facing new challenges posed by the automotive industry. In this industry, traditional materials such as steel and aluminum are widely replaced with plastic materials, including polymers. In the past, such behavior concerned design and interior elements, but more and more often plastics are used in the case of load-bearing elements, i.e. those that require high strength and durability nowadays. This kind of materials are also often used in safety systems or driver assistance systems. Therefore, the aim of the activities described in this article are to carry out an innovative process of injection of cold polymeric material, PDCPD (Polidicyclopentadiene), polymerizing with the use of Metathesis reaction, which in 2005 was awarded the Nobel Prize. This injection applies to the worm gear components of the system, supports the power steering system of the passenger car. Also the process of selecting the appropriate parameters to carry out this process, guaranteeing the best quality of the obtained elements is necessary. The aim of the activities was to achieve a fully useful power steering support system, using a polymer body, which is replacing the aluminum. These activities were aimed at reducing the costs and weight of the final product. The injection process and the way to achieve the finished product were carried out in an innovative way, never used in industry before.


A poem always runs the risk of being meaningless, and would be nothing without this risk.... --Jacques Derrida, Writing and Difference 74 Is the root charge of poetry a power to partake of a Gnostic "version" of things, catastrophic events wherein we know truth by its downward turn? --Nathaniel Mackey, Paracritical Hinge 135 Confronted with Robert Duncan's last two volumes of poetry, Ground Work: Before the War (1984) and Ground Work II: In the Dark (1987), serious readers of his oeuvre face a troubling situation, which some may be reluctant to acknowledge: Ground Work represents what appears to be a significant transformation in Duncan's verse and perhaps a decline in its lyric qualities. This is not to say that these books are failures: there are individual poems and even sequences in both volumes that are as compelling and rhapsodic as anything he wrote earlier. But something strange seems to be happening in the last phases of his work, especially when one recalls how he dramatically refused to publish any new poems for 15 years, from about 1968 (when Bending the Bow came out) to 1984, saving this accumulation until he felt the time was right for its appearance. What, we may rightfully ask, is happening in Duncan's poetry from the period of Bending the Bow to his death in 1988? An unmaking or a passage beyond the bounds even of open-form poetry, combined with a shift in what was previously the poet's centering sense of prophetic vocation, results in an unprecedented kind of writing that no longer seems to be lyric poetry in any conventional sense of the term. It is this writing--this scripture--that I hope to describe and account for here. (1) We prefer to think of great poets (and there is no question in my mind that Duncan is a great poet) as growing ever stronger and more determined in their utterances, but we know that this is not always the case. Emerging from a visionary tradition of the sublime, Duncan, more than any other American poet in the second half of the twentieth century, successfully synthesizes romantic and modernist modes of poetic discourse to produce what he terms a "grand collage" (Bending the Bow vii) of uncanny beauty and mystery. Duncan is a religious poet: for him, the prophetic poet inherits from the religious and philosophical traditions of the past all that is necessary to bring spiritual insight or gnosis (which includes a renewed understanding of the social and political conditions of history and of one's own time) to his readers. In "The Truth and Life of Myth," perhaps his greatest testament, Duncan gives witness to a "Creation by Creative Will that realizes Itself in Form evolving in the play of primordial patterns" (Fictive Certainties 34). Yet always in this work, as in his other prose, what I speak of here in the terms of a theology is a poetics. Back of each poet's concept of the poem is his concept of the meaning of form itself; and his concept of form in turn where it is serious at all arises from his concept of the nature of the universe, its lifetime or form, or even, for some, its lifelessness or formlessness. (16) Duncan's own concept of form derives from a syncretic theosophical tradition that includes Neoplatonism, Christian and Jewish kabbalism, and gnosticism, all of which share an emanational vision of creation. Yet at the same time, this tradition leads to a vision of decreation too: Chaos, the Yawning Abyss, is First Person of Form. And the Poet too, like the Son, in this myth of Love or Form, must go deep into the reality of His own Nature, into the Fathering Chaos or Wrath, to suffer His own Nature. In this mystery of the art, the Son's cry to the Father might be too the cry of the artist to the form he obeys. (Fictive Certainties 15-16) This suffering of the Son as he returns into the Chaos of the Father is fundamental to an understanding of Duncan's later poetry, for in this work, the form-making poet, the devotee of Eros whose power brings forth the "form of forms" (Fictive Certainties 38), must confront the fathering formlessness of the Abyss that has paradoxically served as the hidden ground of his earlier achievements. …


According to probability theory,we used a limited measure to calculate the support of an item set.Based on this conclusion,a general association rule mining framework was designed and implemented.The implementation of this framework was tested with transactional,spatial and spatio-temporal data.The coherent results inferred the feasibility,universality and validity of this framework.


Abstract. A shape signature based on surface Ricci flow and optimal mass transportation is introduced for the purpose of surface comparison. First, the surface is conformally mapped onto plane by Ricci flow, which induces a measure on the planar domain. Second, the unique optimal mass transport map is computed that transports the new measure to the canonical measure on the plane. The map is obtained by a convex optimization process. This optimal transport map encodes all the information of the Riemannian metric on the surface. The shape signature consists of the optimal transport map, together with the mean curvature, which can fully recover the original surface. The discrete theories of surface Ricci flow and optimal mass transportation are explained thoroughly. The algorithms are given in detail. The signature is tested on human facial surfaces with different expressions accquired by structured light 3-D scanner based on phase-shifting method. The experimental results demonstrate the efficiency and efficacy of the method.


Experiments were conducted to investigate the storage effect of Kuala fragrant pear.The pears are stored under two different kinds of storage conditions with different temperature and humidity.One part of the pears are stored under hyo-on storage condition of which the temperature is -1.7℃C and the humidity is 87%,and the other part are stored under common storage condition of which the temperature is 3℃and is without humidifying device.The quality of the pear is detected periodically.The research results show that the storage effect of hyo-on storage is more superior to that of common storage.


Abstract Do people self-enhance by dwelling in righteous anger in an effort to preserve their self-views as pillars of morality? We addressed this question in two experiments. Participants read a story about an injustice (experiencing righteous anger) or grocery shopping (experiencing neutral emotion), indicated their interest in reading injustice-relevant or happiness-relevant newspaper articles, and rated themselves on moral and agentic traits. Participants who experienced righteous anger (vs. neutral emotion) maintained their anger (i.e., exhibited stronger interest in reading injustice- than happiness-relevant articles) and rated themselves more positively on moral, but not on agentic, traits. Furthermore, anger maintenance mediated the effect of righteous anger on moral grandiosity. The findings illustrate tactical self-enhancement: the instrumental use of one's negative emotions for self-enhancement purposes.


The process of this invention includes: an upward fluid jet is produced under pressure which acts on water stream that flows upward from bottom to top through a vertical pipe, thus the ascending speed of water stream is increased, and gushed out from top of pipe, and forces the water stream to produce a circulating flow. Said installation includes a vertically installed pipe structure through which water flows from bottom to top, a mechanism which produce an upward fluid jet under pressure, said mechanism is put in the pipe and exposed in water.


In this work the data obtained in the examination of 338 children with diarrhea, aged 5 days to 14 years, are presented. The methods used for the collection of samples and their storage till the moment of inoculation are described. The possibility of using the microscopic examination of Campylobacter-containing native feces is shown. The work resulted in the isolation of 85 C. jejuni and C. coli strains. As shown in this work, the isolation of Campylobacter depended on the age of children and the season. The etiological importance of Campylobacter for the development of acute enterocolitis and gastroenteritis in 10% of the children under examination is suggested.


Abstract : I aim to understand the process of deep convection in the ocean. Near surface water is mixed to great depth at a few high latitude locations, thereby forming the deep and bottom masses of the ocean. This proposal has supported the development and deployment of neutrally buoyant floats in the Labrador Sea in the winters of 1997 and 1998 and the analysis of the resulting data. These floats provide detailed information on the processes and rates of deep convection.


Aragonite thin films of calcium carbonate are selectively formed on crystalline poly(vinyl alcohol) matrices in the presence of poly(acrylic acid) in CaCO3 solution. For thin film formation, this is the first example in which aragonite is formed selectively by cooperation of only synthetic organic macromolecules. In contrast, the addition of poly(glutamic acid) results in the formation of vaterite thin films on the crystalline poly(vinyl alcohol) matrices. These results show that crystalline poly(vinyl alcohol) matrices can be used to select the polymorph from aragonite and vaterite by changing the soluble additive.


Contact hypersensitivity (CHS) is a CD8+ T cell‐mediated, inflammatory response to hapten sensitization and challenge of the skin. During sensitization, the magnitude and duration of hapten‐specific CD8+ T cell expansion in the skin‐draining lymph nodes (LN) are restricted by CD4+CD25+ T regulatory cells (Treg). The regulation of hapten‐specific CD8+ T cell priming in Class II MHC‐deficient (MHC–/–) mice was investigated. Although hapten‐specific CD8+ T cell priming and CHS responses were elevated in Class II MHC–/– versus wild‐type mice, presensitization depletion of CD4+ or CD25+ cells in Class II MHC–/– mice further increased CD8+ T cell priming and the elicited CHS response. Flow cytometry analyses of LN cells from Class II MHC–/– mice revealed a population of CD4+ T cells with a majority expressing CD25. Forkhead box p3 mRNA was expressed in LN cells from Class II MHC–/– and was reduced to background levels by depletion of CD4+ or CD25+ cells. Isolated CD4+CD25+ T cells from wild‐type and Class II MHC–/– mice limited in vitro proliferation of alloantigen‐ and hapten‐specific T cells to antigen‐presenting stimulator cells. These results identify functional CD4+CD25+ Treg in Class II MHC–/– mice, which restrict hapten‐specific CD8+ T cell priming and the magnitude of CHS responses.


Allan, D.G.C. and Appleby, J.H. 1996. 'James Theobald's "Missing" MS: History of the Society of Arts and his "Chronological Register" of "the present age"', Antiq. J., 76, 210-14 Foster, J. (ed.) 1888. Alumni Oxonienses 17151886, in, London Doubleday, H.A. (ed.) 1926. The Complete Peerage, VI, 13 vols. (1910-59), London Gough, R. 1780. British Topography, 2 vols., London Gough, R. (ed.) 1789. Britannia, 3 vols., London Harcourt E.W. (ed.) 1876-1905. Harcourt Papers, 14 vols., Oxford Lewis W.S. (ed.) 1973. Horace Walpole's Correspondence, XXXV, Yale Macray, W.D. 1890. Annals of the Bodleian Library, 2nd edn., Oxford Salway, P. 1996. 'The Society's Prints of Stanton Harcourt, Oxfordshire', Antiq. J., 76, 269-75 VCH 1990. Victoria History of the Counties of England, Oxfordshire (ed. A. Crossley), XII, London Williams, M.I. 1985. A Directory of Rare Book and Special Collections in the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland, London


IgG4 RD is a newly recognized chronic and systemic disease. IgG4 positive plasma cells play a part in the occurrence and development of this disease. " IgG4 related ophthalmic disease(ROD)" was proposed for the involvement of eyes in general. The clinical manifestations of IgG4-ROD are various due to different involved parts and have unique pathologic features compared with other organs. With a better understanding on this disease in recent yearsꎬ diagnosis and treatment rate has been improved. In this paperꎬ we will discuss the definitionꎬ epidemiologyꎬ pathogenesisꎬ clinicopathological featuresꎬ diagnosis and differential diagnosisꎬ serum biochemical indicesꎬ imaging examinations and treatment about IgG4-ROD. •


Recently introduced versions of the Borsuk-Ulam theorem (BUT) reveal that a feature vector on a n-manifold projects two feature vectors (matching descriptions of a single object) onto an n+1 manifold. Starting from this rather simple, yet far-reaching, computational topology observation, we build a fruitful general framework, able to elucidate disparate "real" physical and biological phenomena, from quantum entanglement to gauge theories. Summarizing this novel topological approach, we take into account projections among functional or real dimensions. We achieve a system of mappings that fit very well with experimental results, making it possible to assess countless systems in far-flung scientific branches. This book highlights the computational character of matching descriptions (arising from descriptively proximal objects) that display a widest range of possible uses. Such observations point to BUT not just from the standpoint of a novel interpretation of almost all the biological and physical phenomena, but also as suitable tools in evaluating the slight (objective and subjective) differences that make our world an astonishing realm of rich heterogeneity.


Based on the example of suspender tension of bowstring arch bridge (Shanghai Pudong Ave.pipeline bridge),the applications of different methods and their advantages disadvantages are studied systematically in the paper.There are forward-calculation method,back-running method,influence matrix method and unstressed state control method (including anchor pull capacity transferred to suspender tension force).Finally,it's pointed out that the organic unity of the controllings of anchor pull capacity and suspender tension force lifting jack readings will simplify the cables adjustment working amount of complicated middle-small structures.


Approaches to surface functionalizing by gold nanoparticles of metal oxides aimed for gas sensors applications are discussed in this paper. It is demonstrated that surface modification by gold nanoparticles is accompanied by improvement of sensor performance. However, analysis of obtained results has shown that the achievement of strong improvement of gas sensor parameters is not a trivial task. For its reduction, it is necessary to ensure several specific conditions related to the size and density of gold clusters on the surface of metal oxide crystallites, the state of gold in the cluster, and to the properties of the metal oxide support used. It is also demonstrated that additional studies are required before conductometric gas sensors modified by gold nanoclusters will appear in gas-sensor market.


For adapting to Socialist Market Economic, the professional technology colleges which provide applied professional talents should choose properly education model .Our college firstly try using "Competence Based Education" model in the specialty of mobile applied techniques.


Review(s) of: Paracoustics: Sound and the paranormal, edited by Steven T. Parsons and Callum E. Cooper (2015), USA and UK: White Crow Books, 309 pages, ISBN: 978-1-910121-53-5 (pb), GBP 12.99 pounds (AUD$24.84), Kindle GBP 12.99 pounds (AUD$13.37).


In this paper we introduce an approach based on software components to coordinate the behavior of virtual environments from the collaboration point-ofview, in which human or virtual participants interact by means of interdependent tasks. The coordination components communicate with tasks, controlling their execution and ensuring that interdependencies are not violated. By the use of coordination components, we not only separate the coordination model from the implementation of virtual environments, but also open the possibility to create a library of reusable components. The library implements the last part of a threesome coordination infrastructure for virtual environments, which is based on an abstract model, its mathematical counterpart, and its executable elements (the components).


Equal aonaentrations by weight of boron were distributed in two sand strata. The boron mineral in one stratum was distributed uniformly, and in the other it was aonaentrated in Blass flasks. Neutron well logging was carried out. The sensitivity of neutron well logging was found to depend on the mode of boron distribution. (auth)


The main body of of technology transfer is defined as the main body of knowledge and technology creation as well as knowledge and technological application.On this premise,a specific body of knowledge in the development of technical knowledge presents in an S-shaped Curve,so the docking mechanism for technology transfer is discussed according to the initial phase,up stage and the stabilization phase that S-shaped Curve goes through.Coping mechanism of the industry is decided by different development stages and technical requirements of the enterprise,with regard to this,the docking at the initial stage of S-shaped Curve is the key issue.


Mr.Zhang Jian was a pioneer in C hina's industrial education,and the idea of school-enterprise cooperation was the essence of his thoughts on industrial education.When applying his idea of "education and industry supplement each other" into the practice,Mr.Zhang Jian explored the match between discipline and industry,between courses and production and between cultivation targets and professional capacities.They were brand new ways for school-enterprise cooperation,which were of universal and practical significance for the modern vocational education.


This is a preliminary work for evaluate the promising direction to reuse the recycled vitreous material by the alkaline activation than help to produce an alternative material with cementitious characteristic. NaOH and NaOH/Na2CO3 solutions were used like activation agents during the alkaline chemical activation of glass waste/blast furnace slag mixtures. The particle size of glass waste and nature of alkaline solution were analyzed to identify their influence on the mechanical properties. The NaOH/Na2CO3 solutions showed better performance to activate the blast furnace slag. The mechano-chemical process is an option for dissolve the glass waste in an alkaline solution. The alkaline solution formed with the glass waste will be use like alkaline activation agent for the blast furnace slag.


For most of Rwanda's post-independence past, the country has been marked by ethnic feuding, mass population movements and long exiles in neighbouring countries, and civil wars that culminated in the genocide in 1994. As this research shows in its review of literature of the history of Rwanda's post-independence period, the civil wars of those with ethnically-differentiated access to power and wealth have had social-, cultural- and economic effects. How has foreign culture - acquired by Rwandaliens - affected indigenous Rwandan culture, and its influence thereof on the present leadership styles? This thesis assesses the most common leadership styles in companies / organisations in Rwanda, in order to build a theory of the predominant leadership styles and culture in Rwanda in the context of the post-genocide era.