Based on a current fog detection theory,a multiband threshold method for MODIS data was put forward to detect daytime fog in the South China Sea.It used Bands 1,2,18,20 and 31 of MODIS data to separate fog from the cloud and the sea surface.The digital detection indexes were as follows.If RB1 RB2,the pixel was identified to be the sea surface.If RB1>55%,RB2>55% and TB31 20,the pixel was classified to be sea fog.The method was verified with sea fog data observed from the coastal region of Guangdong during January-April 2011.Out of the 13 samples of satellite detection,nine were consistent with the surface observations,three were identified to be low-level the cloud according to the satellite detection but fog according to the surface observations,and only one sample was identified to be the ocean surface by the satellite detection but fog by the surface observations.Because the MODIS data cannot penetrate the cloud or fog,the model was designed for a single field of view which had only one layer of cloud or fog.It can accurately distinguish fog which is not covered by the cloud,but it identifies fog as cloud if the former is covered by a cloud.Generally speaking,the model is effective and feasible.


A method implemented in a node (160) of a system of multi-access technology radio, RAT, quecomprende: acquiring (800) the resource status information associated with each RAT of the multi-RAT system; and maintaining (820, 830) a global flag N bits representing overall resource availability associated with lasRAT multi-RAT system, based on state information resources acquired for use in deadmision control.


OBJECTIVES
To study the efficacy of selective digestive decontamination (SDD) for the prevention of nosocomial infections, particularly pneumonia, as well as its impact on the emergence of multiresistant bacteria.

DATA SOURCES
Data collected from the Pubmed: original articles, review articles and editorial published on SDD. The keywords were: selective digestive decontamination, pneumonia, intensive care unit, infection.

DATA SELECTION
Ten randomized clinical trials performed since 1995 in mechanically ventilated adult patients hospitalized in intensive care unit.

RESULTS
The rationale for the use of SDD consists on the parenteral administration of a short course of antibiotic associated with the topical use of non-absorbable antibiotics directed against Gram negative bacteria. Five randomized studies described a reduction in the incidence of pneumonia associated with SDD. Only one study has showed a decrease in mortality rate. The other five studies, which present some methodological limitations, concluded the lack of efficacy of SDD. Regarding the emergence of multiresistant bacteria, the literature underlines the role of environment. The use of SDD seems to trigger the resistance in endemic areas, while these are softened in the units with a good control of their ecology.

CONCLUSION
The data from the literature provide arguments to use SDD in targeted patient populations like multiple traumas in intensive care units, which have a low rate of multiresistant bacteria.


Objective To observe the effect of XTT recipe on the in vitro basilar artery in dogs. Methods We recorded the reactions of vasoconstriction of the isolated basilar artery in dogs placed in the perfusion device,which was preincubated with serum containing XTT recipe,followed by the incubation with phenylephrine( PHE) or high concentration of potassium ion. Results The antagonistic action of XTT recipe on the tonic contraction caused by PHE could be observed obviously( compared with NS groups,P 0. 05),and the doseeffect relationship could be visual. But the inhibitory effects of XTT recipe on the phasic contraction caused by high concentration of potassium ion could not be observed. Conclusions The pharmacological mechanisms of action that XTT recipe decrease the cerebral vascular resistance and increase the cerebral blood flow might be related to its blocking the entry of calcium ions into cells,followed by inhibiting the contraction of smooth muscle of basilar artery leading to vasodialatation.


Propagation nonuniqueness in three-dimensional (3D) coherent diffractive imaging (CDI) arises from the fact that an ensemble of solutions, related by propagation, gives an identical far-field diffraction intensity. Tight support constraint and tight allowed phase range behave similarly in constraining the solution of phase retrieval process, thus removing this nonuniqueness in simple cases but not for strong-phase objects. For CDI in Bragg geometry, we introduce a two-step phasing procedure for reconstructing heavily-strained samples that balances the need to define both support and phase constraints.


In this paper the information demand of military hospital library was analyzed in web based environment.In accordance with the present main problems of digital resource service,the renewed ideas and work orientation were proposed in the future.


In his commentary "The lemma dilemma," Webb reflects on a discussion that has occupied some vocabulary researchers for a while now, and that has enjoyed increased attention, discussion, and publication interest in the past five years in particular. The question at the heart of it is whether the traditional lexical counting unit of the word family, often implicitly understood as including inflected and derived forms of a base word up to level six in Bauer and Nation's (1993) taxonomy, should be operationalized in vocabulary research and teaching. In light of the title of Brown et al.'s (2020) recent paper published on this issue, which ambitiously suggests having settled the discussion by having found "the most appropriate lexical unit for L2 vocabulary research and pedagogy" (p. 1, emphasis added), I would agree with Webb's call for more measured claims in principle, and echo that we still, as a field, seem some way away from stating confidently or even implying that we have discovered a definitive answer to this issue. Nor is the discussion settled whether there would or should even be one definitive answer to this. This short commentary does not set out to settle that either, of course, butmerely aims to add further musings, reflections, and questions to ponder in our search for useful answers. The advantage of settling on one standardized unit for all contexts and purposes appears evident. Particularly in the world of research and assessment we would certainly gain comparability between studies and interpretability of results. However, some would probably argue that the importance of comparability may be overestimated, given that there are often so many further factors that render vocabulary studies difficult to compare (e.g., different frequency lists, different operationalizations of vocabulary knowledge in the measurements). Webb, in his commentary, distinguishes between at least two contexts: research and pedagogy. He argues that smaller units, such as lemmas or flemmas, may be more valuable and appropriate in research, and larger lexical units more feasible and adequate for pedagogy. However, I would argue that it should be carefully considered whether to draw the line between exactly these two areas of application, as it further promotes the notion that these two are only marginally related. Instead, one could argue that for vocabulary research to be more relevant for pedagogical practice, the two worlds should speak the same "language" and have a similar focus when it comes to lexical counting units. This does not mean that I do not agree with Webb when he rightly


from the ureteric orifice. The transilluminating stent was then removed, and a pigtail ureteric catheter passed and left in situ from the kidney to the bladder. Intra-operative imaging after retrograde injection of radio-opaque contrast confirmed that the ureter was intact. The vagina was closed again. The patient was discharged home five days later on trimethoprim and felt well. The pigtail catheter was removed under local anaesthetic cystoscopy four weeks later. An intravenous urogram performed six weeks later was normal.


Objective: A minimum parameter set for the representation of body vital signs was extracted, in order to reduce the power consumption and improve the communication security of the data transmission in special scenarios such as battlefields and disaster fields. Methods: ECG, RESP, EEG, TEMP and Acceleration signals were investigated, and the accuracies across the different parameter sets of vital signs such as HR, RR, EEG, TEMP and the Standard deviation of body acceleration were compared. Results: For single parameter, TEMP represented an overall accuracy of 92.11%; for double parameters, the combination of RR and TEMP represented an overall accuracy of 93.50%, for multiple parameters, the combination of HR, RR and TEMP represented an overall accuracy of 93.66%. Conclusion: Minimum parameter set for the representation of vital signs was explored.


Public catering has long traditions in Finland both on the sectors of working life and education. The historical background through lengthy and extensive negotiations since the beginning of 20th century about the role of public catering in education has cemented the position of free and regulated school meals. However, this vision of democratic nutrition of the 20th century is contested by a renewed vision of ecological meals of the 21st century. As a notion, catering for sustainability catches the orientation for change.
Today, the orientation for sustainable development within schools and the consecutive "greening of public catering" seems to proceed in Finnish schools. The cross-curricular theme of sustainable development breeds focus on local and organic food in education and catering. Environmental or sustainability certification of a school may introduce organic food into school catering. The caterers have interest in organic food too. They often prefer local and organic, even local organic food and may use a certification scheme to increase the visibility of their orientation. However, more often than not, organic food is not used as a visible staple in Finnish school catering.
This research aimed at understanding the current situation in Finnish school catering and education for sustainable development (ESD) in ways enabling suggestions for development and increased use of organic food in school catering. This qualitative inquiry into the social dynamics of public catering and ESD was enabled by the co-operative educational institutes across educational levels and their rectors, teachers, caterers and young people, whose in-depth interviews and focus groups produced data about organic food in schools within the framing of sustainable development.
According to this research, the caterers did exert social force for sustainability by expressing their professional identity for sustainability. This identity could convey both positive and negative features for caterers, depending on whether they received support from their management, organizational strategies or suppliers. The co-operation with their supply chains as well as switching into organic supply chains offered options for upgrading their catering activities. In this research, the use of organic milk as a staple was identified to have potential for catering for sustainability. A mediated dialogue was conducted with caterers about the quality of organic milk and its suitability to school catering. The barriers of the use of organic milk were not only economic, and an intermediate mediating strategy for sustainability was suggested for caterers in terms of the use of organic food. Furthermore, caterers were understood not to be only pleased about the organic message but it was seen to evoke critical response. This response was analysed and new ways of communication about organic food were suggested.
Finnish ESD (education for sustainable development) in basic and general upper secondary education was reviewed and it was found to present ambitious aims through both disciplinary and cross-curricular themes. An entity within ESD, regarding food system and including organic food in particular, could be identified as an evolving topic of food education for sustainability (FES). There were committed teachers who made big efforts to promote it and who actually implemented the whole school approach for this aim. The young people also considered organic food as an embodiment of more sustainable food system, which, however, also raised extensive ambiguity in need of more detailed addressing. Furthermore, there were young people who expressed commitment mainly on ethical, animal welfare and health grounds for organic food. Young people also viewed organic quality as an ambiguous one and they demonstrated conditional commitment. A negative commitment by young people meant that they rather chose conventional food. Finally, suggestions for stakeholders in educational contexts included focus on FES and introduction of organic food through concerted efforts into the school catering for sustainability.


Over the last few years, computational power and intelligence are becoming more and more necessary in the sector of finance. More specifically, computational finance turns into a very popular topic for both academia and industry, where numerous published works from this field and especially investment and risk management, showcase the effects of these technological advancements. At the same time, the ever-increased computational demands have led to the deployment of various accelerators in order to meet both latency and power constraints for financial applications that vary from special purpose, made by economists, to general purpose Digital Signal Processing (DSP) applied in financial time-series. One of the most widely used applications, belonging to the 2nd category, is the Savitzky-Golay algorithm, a filter used for smoothing time-series data. In this work, we propose a mechanism that automatically creates different accelerated Savitzky-Golay filters for GPUs and FPGAs, based on a set of pre-accelerated templates. By evaluating the provided templates with a set of real use-case parameters, a speedup of x33.5 on the NVIDIA T4 GPU and x21.9 on the Alveo U50 FPGA is achieved compared with an Intel Xeon Gold 5218R CPU as a baseline, while achieving a decrease in power consumption of 89% and 70% respectively, disclosing a real latency-power trade-of between both accelerators.


The World Health Organization suggests that total body fat is one of the main risk factors for metabolic syndrome which is the most significant cause of morbidity and mortality in the world. The excessive fat mass harms the function of the heart, lowers the oxygen uptake by working muscles. Excess of body fat may decrease physical fitness. This research aims to know the correlation of total body fat with physical fitness index in medical students of Universitas Islam Indonesia. This research used a cross-sectional study design. The research subjects consisted of 45 male medical students of Universitas Islam of Indonesia under 25 years old. Total body fat of its subject is measured by Bioelectrical impedance analysis method (Karada scan), while physical fitness index is measured by the Harvard Step Test. This study is tested by Spearman correlation. Mean of TBF (%) value was 23.68 ± 6.29. Mean of physical fitness index levels was 60.05 ± 31.27. Spearman correlation test has a result r = -0.314 with a significance of p = 0.038 (p<0.05), that means total body fat and physical fitness index has a significant negative correlation. There was a significant negative correlation between total body fat and physical fitness index


Objective The double-chambered right ventricule is increasingly recognised as a distinct obstruction entity. The aim of this paper is to introduce the, diagnosis, classification, surgical indication and surgical techniques of the double-chambered right ventricule. Methods From Apr. 1989 to Sep. 2003, 110 patients were admitted in SCMC , the mean age was 5. 2 years and mean body weight was 17. 7 kg, 108 patients with VSD , 5 with ASD, 5 with SAS and 2 with PDA. Results All patients underwent corrective, operation. There was no hospital mortality. Conclusion Both transRVOT and transatrial approach can relief RVOT obstruction, but transatrial approach seem have better early and mid-term effects.


This practical introduction to all the electroanalytical techniques that are used in clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine offers an in-depth treatment of the subject.


Background: Intrauterine fetal demise (IUFD) is the most undesirable consequence of pregnancy which causes psychological distress to mother and family. It also carries risk of infection and DIC. In literature, various methods have been described to manage the cases of IUFD. Practically prostaglandin analogues are routinely used for induction of labour in cases of IUFD. The objectives of this study were to assess the effectiveness and safety of vaginal misoprostol for induction of labour in IUFD. Methods: In this prospective study, consecutive series of 100 women with IUFD ≥ 28 weeks of gestation are studied. Detailed clinical history, physical examination and investigations are recorded. All selected cases were induced with vaginal misoprostol 50 μg and the doses are repeated every 6th hourly depending on uterine contractions and Bishop's score changes. Results: The average induction to delivery interval is 14.68 hours. All women delivered within 40 hours of administration of first dose of misoprostol with 47%, 86% and 100% delivering within 12 hours, 24 hours and 40 hours respectively. There was significant correlation between mean induction delivery interval and maternal age, parity and Bishop's score. Minor side effects like chills and fever were noted in 5% of patients and retained placenta and atonic PPH was seen in 2% each. Conclusions: The low dose vaginal misoprostol for induction of labour in IUFD is a safe, effective and cost effective regimen.


Melodic search engines let people find music in online collections by specifying the desired melody. Comparing the query melody to every item in a large database is prohibitively slow. If melodies can be placed in a metric space, search can be sped by comparing the query to a limited number of vantage melodies, rather than the entire database. We describe a simple melody metric that is customizable using a small number of example queries. This metric allows use of a generalized vantage point tree to organize the database. We show on a standard melodic database that the general vantage tree approach achieves superior search results for query-by-humming compared to an existing vantage point tree method. We then show this method can be used as a preprocessor to speed search for non-metric melodic comparison.


Motivation is a passion in one individual that going to move to act. Motivation can he also defined as a process may indicate an attitude to achieve a target aiming to fulfill his/her need either resourced from one self individual (intrinsic factor) or from out one self individual (extrinsic factor). For one has a motivation indicated he/she get a desire to achieve succeed and may got success also in life This study aimed to identify the description in motivation of those eldest in having health service at Posyandu Lansia Puskesmas Rantang Kota Medan Clinic for 2013. This study adopted a descriptive method with cross sectional approach, in having sample with purposive sampling technique, involved 56 respondents. The location of research is at Posyandu Ixinsia Puskesmas Rantang Medan eldest clinic. The data used in this research such as primary data that has been taken directly from respondent. In research, indicated that a motivation of those eldest mostly categorized in sufficient note (44.6%). For intrinsic factor, noted the requirements of the eldest in having service of Posyandu clinic because the eldest required medical in health treatment about (98.2%), hoping visiting Posyandu Clinic for healing from weakness (92.9%), the eldest have passion to visit Posyandu because they have aware for the importance of Posyandu for the eldest (85.7%). For the extrinsic factor, noted the family encourage the eldest to visit and there got guidance in many exercises (92.9%), the distance of living get near around make them may visit the Posyandu clinic noted (71.4%). The eldest got health services no charge every time to visit the clinic noted (89 3%). It is concluded that motivation of the eldest should he encouraged more run into a good category. To push every the eldest to come in one willingness every time provide a Posyandu clinic program special for the eldest, at least the official of Puskesmas should improve their promotion to invite those eldest to visit more and frequently Posyandu clinic.


This study presents a statistical mix design method for self-compacting concrete (SCC) with limestone fillers (LF) content that considers mortar rheological properties and material packing characteristics. The effect of LF on the rheological properties of SCC was investigated through seven SCC mixes with different LF replacement levels. A basic water demand experiment was designed to obtain the packing density of mortar, and the equivalent packing density was defined and calibrated to represent the effect of LF. The relative spread and relative flow formula were modified based on the equivalent packing density, and the bilinear interpolation method was used to analyses the mortar results.


Let / be a smooth (C°°) immersion of a smooth surface M into a Euclidean ft-space R. For p e R, x e M, the function Lp(x) is defined by Lp(x) = d(f(x), p), where d is the Euclidean distance in R. The immersion / is said to be proper if the inverse image under / of every compact subset of R is compact. Following the terminology of Carter and West [2] the immersion in said to be taut, if / is proper and every Morse function Lp, p e R , has the minimum number of critical points required by the Morse inequalities [12, p. 270]. This definition is valid for noncompact as well as compact surfaces M. For M compact and connected, an immersion /: M —> R is taut if and only if /(M) has the spherical 2-ρiece property, that is, no hyperplane or hypersphere in R divides /(M) into more than two pieces (see [1] for more detail). Primarily through the work of Kuiper [10] and Banchofϊ [1], all taut immersions of compact surfaces into R are knόwii (see [2, p. 711] for a complete listing). In particular, Banchoff proved by considering the spherical 2-piece property that the image of a taut immersion of a compact connected surface in R must be either a Euclidean sphere or a cyelide of Dupin. The cyclides of Dupin will be discussed in detail in § 1. For now it will suffice to say that a compact cyclide is either a torus of revolution or a surface obtained by inverting such a torus in a sphere whose center is now on the torus. A complete noncompact cyclide is either a circular cylinder or a surface obtained by inverting a torus of revolution in a sphere whose center is on the torus. The result of Banchoff was generalized by Nomizu and Rodriguez [13] who showed that a taut immersion of an ra-sphere in R must, in fact, be a Euclidean sphere S C R c R. Several other generalizations were obtained by Carter and West [2]. The author has also found characterizations of certain submanifolds of hyperbolic space [3] and complex projective space [4] in terms of the distance functions in those spaces. In this paper, we are concerned with taut immersions of noncompact surfaces. Carter and West [2, p. 710] have proven that if /: M^R is a taut immersion of a noncompact surface, then f(M) c R* C R. If /(M) is not actually contained in R, then j(M) == P(V), where V is a Veronese surface


To solve problems of low positioning accuracy and long time-consuming in indoor visible light three-dimensional positioning system, a visible light three-dimensional positioning method based on the improved hybrid bat algorithm (IHBA) is proposed in this paper. Firstly, some beacon points are set at the beginning of the IHBA to reduce the number of iterations. Secondly, weight coefficient is defined to improve positioning accuracy when the fitness function is constructed. Thirdly, aiming at controlling the search speed reasonably, an adaptive search factor is introduced while the bat individual update formula is designed. Finally, the chaotic perturbation operation is used to avoid the algorithm falling into local optimum. In indoor simulation environment, the size of which is 5 m×5 m × 3 m, the average positioning error of the IHBA is 1.16 cm and the positioning time is 1.85s. To verify the actual effectiveness of IHBA, a receiver is placed in the experimental environment, the size of which is 1.5 m × 1.2 m × 2 m. Through the optical power detected by the receiver, the processor calculate its coordinates with IHBA. The average positioning error of the IHBA is 3.64 cm and the positioning time is 0.89 s. The proposed algorithm has practical application value in existing indoor positioning methods.


In order to obtain information about the thermodynamic behaviour of copolymers in solution, we built an automatic flow microcalorimeter equipped with a computer that satisfies the requirements of accuracy, reliability, and rapidity for the measurement of heats of dilution of copolymer solutions. By using this apparatus, the heats of dilution of the random copolymer, poly[styrene-ran-(butyl methacrylate)] in ethyl methyl ketone solutions were measured at 298 K. Furthermore, light scattering of the copolymer and its constituent homopolymer solutions was measured at 298 K. From the combination of the heat of dilution and the light scattering results, thermodynamic and intramolecular interaction parameters of the copolymer chain were determined.


12 Bootis is a double-lined spectroscopic binary whose orbit has been resolved by interferometry. We present a detailed modelling of the system and show that the available observational constraints can be reproduced by models at different evolutionary stages, depending on the details of extra-mixing processes acting in the central regions. In order to discriminate among these theoretical scenarios, additional and independent observational constraints are needed: we show that these could be provided by solar-like oscillations, that are expected to be excited in both system components. 1. OBSERVATIONAL CONSTRAINTS The physical parameters of the system have been precisely determined by [1] combining interferometric and spectroscopic observations. A further improvement in the determination of the spectroscopic orbit by [2], combined with interferometric data, confirms the values of the masses derived by [1] and reduces the associated error bars. The observational constraints we assume in our modelling are taken from Table 5 of [1] that, for the sake of convenience, we report here in Table 1. As reviewed in [1] spectroscopic studies of 12 Bootis in the literature ([3]; [4]) indicate a metallicity within 0.1 dex of the solar value. 2. MODELLING 12 BOOTIS We model the binary system considering as free parameters the initial chemical composition (described by the the hydrogen and heavy-elements mass fraction, X and Z), the amount of overshooting, the age and the masses of the components. These parameters are changed in order to reproduce the observational constraints presented in the previous section, as well as the additional constraint of same age and initial chemical composition for both components. A standard χ2 is used as a goodnessof-fit measurement so that each observable is taken into Table 1. Observational constraints adopted in the modelling.


This study was aimed to find out the lexical features of senior high school students' writing on recount text. The corpus being analyzed in this study consists of 38 recount texts. The corpus was analyzed by using text analyzer online application. It was found that students' vocabulary has exceeded over 853 words family. The lexical density of the students' writing was 35.8%, and its beta alternative (readability factor) was 70.7. In accordance with the high frequency words appearing in the recount text, they were categorized into five prominent lexical classes. They are noun-pronoun to identify objects being involved in events, action verbs which refer to events, conjunction and time connectives to sequence the events, adverbs and adverbial phrases to indicate place and time, and adjectives to describe nouns. These five prominent word classes of recount text existed in the students' writing.


In this present work, it is aimed to derivate machine force equations in drilling of [0°/+45°/90°/–45°] oriented glass fiber reinforced polymeric matrix composites (GFRP). Machining was performed on the GFRP samples using 118° point angle drills in dry conditions. During machining, drill torques and thrust force fluctuations were recorded with dynamometer–amplifier–computer combination at different feed rates and drill diameters. Subsequently, collected data were appreciated using mathematical model to investigate empirical relations between essential parameters. Subsequently, cutting forces on drilling of GFRP materials were calculated by investigated empirical equations and then results were compared with measured data to indicate verification of the derived equations on drilling of glass fiber reinforced polymeric matrix materials. Moreover, hole surface morphology of drilled GFRP samples were examined by using magnifying under optical microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM).


An AEC and AGC(Automatic Exposure Control and Automatic Gain Control) system was designed for a CCD aerial camera with fixed aperture and electronic shutter. The normal AEC and AGE algorithm is not suitable to the aerial camera since the camera always takes high-resolution photographs in high-speed moving. The AEC and AGE system adjusts electronic shutter and camera gain automatically according to the target brightness and the moving speed of the aircraft. An automatic Gamma correction is used before the image is output so that the image is better for watching and analyzing by human eyes. The AEC and AGC system could avoid underexposure, overexposure, or image blurring caused by fast moving or environment vibration. A series of tests proved that the system meet the requirements of the camera system with its fast adjusting speed, high adaptability, high reliability in severe complex environment.


The PL10 gene of white shrimp( Exopalaemon modestus) encodes an ATP-dependent RNA helicase which belonging to the DEAD box family. In this study,a full-length cDNA sequence of the PL10 gene was cloned from the ovaries of white shrimp by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction( RT-PCR) and rapid amplification of cDNA ends( RACE) methods. And the structure and speculated function of PL10 were analyzed. The full length of Em-PL10 was comprised of 2559 nucleotides with a 3' untranslated region( UTR) of 318 bp,a 5' UTR of 87 bp and an open reading frame( ORF) of 2154 bp,encoding 717 amino acids. The putative amino acid sequence shared eight conserved motifs of the DEAD-box family and GG doublet. And there were five arginine-glycine-glycine( RGG) repeats which might be functioned as RNA-binding in the N-terminal portion. Sequences comparison revealed that the deduced amino acid sequence of EmPL10 showed high similarity to the PL10 homologs of Macrobrachium nipponense( 92%),Fenneropenaeus chinensis( 81%)and Drosophila melanogaster( 64%). Subcellular localization analysis showed that the PL10 protein of E. modestus was located in nucleus. In addition,phylogenetic analysis based on amino acid sequences of PL10 suggested that E. modestus was closely related to M. nipponense. Furthermore,tissue expression of Em-PL10 was detected by semi-quantitation RT-PCR.The results showed that the expression of Em-PL10 could be detected in variant tissues,and the highest expression level was detected in ovaries followed by testes. The RT-PCR results also indicated that there was little expression of this gene in thoracic ganglions,gills and hepatopancreas.


This study examines the strength and direction of relationships between the self and social dimensions of both emotional and cultural intelligences and transformational leadership skills. Data was gathered from 171 students enrolled at Les Roches International School of Hotel Management in Switzerland. Statistical analyses included factor analysis, Cronbach's Alpha, Pearson' r, and regression. Results found a direct correlation between the self and social dimension of transformational leadership and emotional and cultural intelligence skills, supporting the study hypotheses. This study contributes to the leadership literature by demonstrating a relationship among the three major constructs of the study findings that can benefit future participants in leadership training programs.


Purpose – The objective of this research is to establish a link between risk models and the paradigms of organizational studies. Design/methodology/approach – To achieve this goal, a discussion about risk in organizations was presented, based on organizational studies. Additionally, an illustration was provided to evaluate how organizational paradigms influence risk models. Findings – There are three main organizational perspectives: Modernist, Postmodernist, and Neo-modernist. Based on the empirical analysis, it was observed that the use of unrealistic assumptions (Modernist perspective) in risk management increases model risk, and is thus not suitable for risk model estimation. However, the absolute lack of measurement of the Postmodernist paradigm can be too radical in the sense that, in the practical field, there is a crucial need for quantitative information to enable financial institutions and investors to protect their investments. Thus, it was found that the solution is the Neo-modernist paradigm, which employs more realistic assumptions about data behavior. Originality/value – The main contribution of this research is to raise the influence of other attributes of financial risk estimation that go beyond mathematical and statistical grounds. Previous studies do not relate the traditional literature on financial risk management estimation with literature focused on the sociological issues of organizational studies.  Hence, this study can help build a bridge for future integration between these two related research subjects.


Low-temperature synthesis of β-FeSe superconductor from soluble precursors is a great challenge in the chemical solution approaches. Here, we develop a new and facile solution-based synthetic route to first fabricate narrow-phased β-FeSe superconductor with soluble iron and selenium sources as starting materials. The growth mechanism of β-FeSe superconductors is discussed by kinetically controllable syntheses in various reaction conditions. Chemically engineering the stoichiometry of β-FeSe products by selenium-diffusion process gives rise to a transition of antiferromagnetic-superconducting-antiferromagnetic (AFM-SC-AFM) order. Once the AFM order is suppressed, SC β-FeSe nanosheets show a tunable initial superconducting transition temperature (TC) from 3.2 to 10 K in the superconducting regime. Electrical measurements on superconducting β-FeSe exhibit an upper critical magnetic field higher than 14 T, showing potential application of β-FeSe nanosheet for superconducting device. This method provides guida...


Semiconducting temperature dependence, i.e., which has the property of electrical resistivity decreases with increasing temperature, to provide a thermoelectric material having a high thermoelectric performance than conventional. And the formula Here, A is an alkaline earth metal element, x is a numerical value of 0.4 to 0.8. The thermoelectric conversion material of the present invention exhibit good thermoelectric properties in a wide temperature range.


In Africa, traditional beliefs play a vital role in biodiversity conservation. We studied the attitudes and perceptions of Kikele villagers towards the Geoffroy's pied colobus in the sacred forest of Kikele, Republic of Benin, using an ethnographic approach based on personal interviews. Our results suggest that the population of colobus has been protected by the Kikele population's traditional beliefs for several decades. This ethnozoological consideration could contribute to the conservation of Geoffroy's pied colobus, Colobus vellerosus, especially at this present moment where the status of the species is degraded throughout its area of distribution.


We recently reported two brothers with ichthyosis, hepatosplenomegaly and cerebellar degeneration (Dykes, Marks & Harper, 1979). Analysis of pedigree suggested a recessive or possibly X-hnked mode of inheritance. The occurrence of skin changes in an otherwise normal brother indicated the possibility of the presence of two discrete disorders such as X-linked ichthyosis and an autosomal recessive storage disorder. This was considered unlikely as the histopathological and electron microscopical features of the ichthyosis were not characteristic of X-linked ichthyosis. Shapiro et al (1979) have demonstrated that steroid sulphatase activity is absent in the cultured flbroblasts derived from patients with X-linked ichthyosis. We wish to report the results of assays performed on flbroblasts derived from these two brothers. Fibroblast cultures were obtained from skin biopsies using conventional techniques. Confluent cultures were assayed for steroid sulphatase activity using dehydro-[7(n)-^]Hepiandrosterone sulphate (The Radiochemical Centre, Amersham) as substrate. Cells were harvested by trypsinization and, after disruption by freeze-thawing, homogenized in a small glass homogenizer in 0-05 M Tris-HCl, pH 8-0 buffer containing o-i mg/ml sodium dodecyl sulphate. Reaction mixture (flnal volume = 0-35 ml) consisted of homogenate, buffer and substrate at a flnal concentration of 0-32 /(M (speciflc activity = 4-6 Ci/mmol). After incubation at 37°C for 2 h the reaction was stopped by adding 0-35 ml methanol. The desulphated dehydroepiandrosterone was extracted with hexane and the radioactivity measured by scintillation counting. The release of radioactivity was linear with time over the 2 h period. Appropriate controls consisting of buffer plus substrate were incubated in parallel.


The iconographical analysis of Four seasons (1993), by the contemporary artist Edwin Parker "Cy" Twombly (Cy Twombly, 1928 – 2011) must be understood considering the importance of one of the most famous impressionist painters: Pierre-Auguste Renoir (1841 - 1919). La vague (1879) and Paysage bords de Seine (1879) are two oil on canvas where Renoir prints the feeling of captivating the ephemeral through the colour and the movement of light. Four seasons has its roots in American lyrical abstraction. The need of making a portrait of lightness, through a creation where image and text are together, represents the evolution of Renoir's work in contemporary art. As an impressionist artist, Renoir describes beauty as the reflection of the harmony of the world, as such as a bridge between aesthetic and emotional education. With this proposal, Cy Twombly sublimates the idea of beauty in contemporary art.


Let (M9 ^) be a foliated manifold. We have a natural Lie algebra 3? (Mt ^") of vector fields locally preserving the foliation ^% and its ideal ^~(M, &") of vector fields tangent to leaves of 3? . Here we are interested in the first cohomologies of J£?(M, ^) and ^~(M, ^) with coefficients in their adjoint representations. This work is in a series of F. Takens work [7] and the author's [3], [4]. In this paper, we use the latter for the general reference. Our main result is


A well known scholar in US healthcare policy plagiarised his colleague at Dartmouth College, New Hampshire, in a widely cited critique of breast cancer screening, an internal investigation by the college has found.

H Gilbert Welch "engaged in research misconduct, namely, plagiarism," the investigation committee found, in writing a paper published in the New England Journal of Medicine ( NEJM ).1 The article, which questioned the survival benefits of breast cancer screening, attracted widespread media attention and was cited by 94 other articles, making it one of the top 1% of influential research articles of 2016.

The committee found that Welch, a professor at the Geisel School of Medicine and the Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, had "knowingly, intentionally, or recklessly [appropriated] the …


By recirculating soliton pulses many times around a closed 42-km fiber loop with loss exactly compensated by Raman gain, we have successfully demonstrated transmission without electronic regeneration over distances in excess of 4000 km.1 The loop is closed on itself with an all-fiber version of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer so that pump light at 1500 nm (~300 mW from a cw color center laser, power precisely controlled by feedback) is efficiently coupled into the loop, while at the same time ~95% of the signal light (a train of 55-ps pulses from a mode-locked color center laser operating at 1600 nm) continues to recirculate around the loop. The trip is terminated when the pump is turned off. A sample of the signal train leaving the loop is detected by an ultrafast diode (response time, 9 ps), whose output is sent to a microwave spectrum analyzer. We then infer the pulse shape in time from the measured pulse envelope spectrum. Up to ~4000 km, we see almost no change in effective pulse width. At ~4800 km,

 τ

 eff

 =
 \

 2

 τ
 0

 ¯

 , but this apparent broadening is due to jitter in pulse arrival times. We have also been able to study interaction between closely spaced soliton pairs over thousands of kilometers. Our experiments have strong and positive implications for the development of an all-optical long-distance transmission system.


This study is designed to predict the fuel consumption for passenger cars, motorcycles, buses and trucks in Indonesia from 2010 to 2040 using LEAP software with two scenarios, as which is business as usual (BAU) by assuming growth of fuel consumption without changes from policies and technologies sector and advanced fuel economy (AFE) assuming an increase in vehicle technology which can affect fuel consumption. The simulation results shows fuel required  for passenger car type vehicle in 2040 based on the BAU is 2,579.6 million gigajoules and 2,229.9 million gigajoules for AFE or savings up to 13.56%. Fuel required for motorcycles in 2040 based on the BAU is 1.792,8 million gigajoules and 1.559,9 million gigajoules based on AFE in 2040 or savings up to 13%. Fuel required bus type vehicle in 2040 based on the BAU is 689,6 million gigajoules and 621,9 million based on AFE or fuel savings up to 9,82% . Fuel required for truck type vehicle based on the BAU in 2040 is 4.598,2 million gigajoules and 3,983.0 million gigajoules based on AFE or savings up to 13.39 %.  Exhaust emissions produced by vehicles are passenger cars, motorcycles, buses and trucks in 2040 for the BAU is Carbon Dioxide Non Biogenic (CO 2 ) 266,4 billion Metric Tonnes, Carbon Monoxide (CO) 56,7 billion Metric Tonnes and Nitrogen Oxides (NO x ) 31,1 billion Metric Tonnes. As for the AFE, in 2040 for CO 2 230,7 billion Metric Tonnes, CO 56,7 billion Metric Tonnes and NO x 31.1 billion Metric Tonnes. At year 2040 the value of CO 2 on AFE scenario decreased by 13,41% compare to BAU scenario, but the value of  NO x and CO in the AFE and the BAU scenario is same.


'That which was from the beginning, which we have seen with our eyes, which we have looked at and our hands have touched, concerning the word of life' (1 John 1.1). However that claim to ear-, eye- and touch-witness is to be understood, there can be no dispute that for 1 John a claim to 'that which was from the beginning' is a linch-pin in the argument and in the theology of the letter. Yet the question of the use of Scripture in 1 John points further – to the relation between New Testament and Old, theologically and historically, but also to the origins and development of Johannine Christianity.


Excellent course construction is the foundation of improving undergraduate teaching quality and strengthening talents training at colleges and universities.In this paper,the significance of excellent course construction is elaborated,the faculty development,teaching content and method reform,and teaching material construction in the practice of excellent course construction of agro-economics at FAFU is discussed,meanwhile the experiences in this process are summarized.


TCAs outperformed placebo in the reduction of core ADHD symptom severity as reported by both parents (Fig. 1) and teachers. In particular, there was evidence that desipramine improved the core symptoms of ADHD in children and adolescents. One trial found desipramine was more effective than clonidine in reducing ADHD symptoms in children and adolescents with ADHD and comorbid Tourette syndrome, with no difference in side effects. The most common adverse effects in the children and adolescents taking TCAs in these trials were appetite suppression, headache, dry mouth and constipation. A mild increase in mean diastolic blood pressure and heart rate was found in TCA-treated patients. There were no clinically significant ECG changes, and no serious adverse events were reported in any of the included trials. There was no difference in trial discontinuation rate between TCA and placebo arms.


Abstract Using our reported experimental data of effective thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity and viscosity for CuO nanoparticle suspensions, the corresponding thermal diffusivity and Prandtl number are calculated. With the hard sphere model and considering effects of particle clustering and surface adsorption, the increase of viscosity for nanoparticle suspension observed is explained. It is shown that the effective thermal conductivity will be strongly affected by the formation and correlated spatial distribution of nanoparticle clusters when compared to viscosity in hosting liquid.


IN 1951 Professor Popper published two papers1 m which he argucd that classical physics is mdetermmistic in perhaps no less fundamental a sense than is quantum physics. Popper's argument was m two stages, the first being a purely philosophical preliminary to the second, which was a technical exercise m physics and logic. Firstly, he substituted for' the metaphysical doctrine of determinism ' the more precise and testable notion of complete, though ' finite ', scientific predictability. Secondly, he tried to show that even in a universe which is 'prima facie determimstic', that is m one which is completely describable in classical terms, there can exist certain physical systems which are unpredictable. This paper is divided into two main parts. In the first part (D?I-3) two possible scientific explicata of Determmnsm are analysed and assessed: predictability is found wanting and scientific lawfulncss is shown to be satisfactory and replete. In the second part (?4) Popper's technical thesis is examined and rejected. Although the two parts of this paper correspond in content to the two stages I have distinguished m Professor Popper's argument, only the second part is directly contrary to what he was concerned to establish. In taking predictability as a testable rendering of the determimst thesis, Popper was not necessarily committed to its adequacy, nor was he necessarily preferring it to scientific lawfulness. Rather, the intention was to attempt to meet the Copenhagen school of quantum theorists on their own ground by adopting without argument a philosophical orientation similar to their own, and thus to make more profitable comparison of classical physics with quantum physics.2 However, if the argument of the first part of this paper is correct and incomplete predictability is allowed to be not necessarily incompatible


In this paper, a blind robust timing synchronization method, based on invariance properties and cyclostationarity, for multicarrier systems such as Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is proposed and evaluated. Its results outperform the state-of-the-art for blind methods, specially in hard wireless channels where our proposal is highly superior. It even surpasses the performance of most of non-blind (pilot-aided) methods, while at the same time, it gets the advantages of energy and bandwidth saving of blind proposals. Moreover, since this technique does not require the use of pilots, it can be easily applied to either packet-based or broadcasting systems.


International strategic thoroughfares a critical role in the global shipping network. They are susceptible to various factors, including political and military incidents, ship accidents, and extreme weather conditions. In order to examine the impact of interruptions in international strategic thoroughfares and the expansion of key nodes on the global shipping network, we initially gathered data on significant thoroughfares worldwide and their respective distances. Then, we constructed an undirected and weighted network of strategic thoroughfares. Next, we proceeded to compare and analyze the network nodes using characteristic indices derived from complex network theory. Subsequently, we simulated the interruption of significant thoroughfares and examined the resulting changes in network indices. Ultimately, the findings revealed that the efficiency of the network is most significantly impacted by the Suez Canal and the Strait of Mandeb. The Strait of Malacca, located near the Lombok Strait and Sunda Strait, demonstrated a less pronounced decrease in network efficiency following an attack. However, it remains a vulnerable node due to several incidents of pirate boarding in its vicinity.


This paper explores the notion of participative governance and service in a democratic character. It focuses on the notion that citizens must have the right in ensuring the full participation in public sector management and service delivery. It examines the cases of Nigeria and South Africa, in the procurement of service delivery mechanism and how both nations attempt to guarantee full citizens participation, reduce corruption, guarantee accountability and entrench sustainable democracy. This paper further examines and extrapolates the exigencies that exist between Nigeria and South Africa in the areas of service delivery. It also attempts to understand the correlation or deviations with the delivery mode of services in these two countries. It further attempts to draw a signifi cant parallel contextually in both countries within the Nepadization notion of Africa's development.


This paper is intended to show the general characteristics of Bogota and its transportation system before the implementation of the Mobility Strategy set forth by the local administration starting in 1998. The paper is based on a city Datasheet prepared by the Office of the Mayor in 2000 and studies by Steer Davies Gleave for the Operational Design of the TransMilenio Bus Rapid Transit System.


The Mandalika Special Economic Zone is one of the priority areas for national economic development that aims to create new sources of economic growth in the region. Maize is a type of food crop that has great potential share in the agricultural sector, especially as fulfillment food needs in the Mandalika Special Economic Zone. The objectives of this study were 1) to analyze the income from maize cultivation in the buffer zone of the Mandalika Special Economic Zone; 2) analyze the perceptions of households producing corn in the buffer zone about the socioeconomic benefits of the existence of the Mandalika Special Economic Zone. The method used in this research is the descriptive method. The respondents in this study were farmers who planted maize in Mertak Village and it was determined that there were 30 respondents who were determined by purposive sampling. The results showed that maize farmers in the buffer zone of Mandalika Special Economic Zone earn income in one growing season with an average income from maize cultivation of IDR 15,392,760/LLG or IDR 13,502,577/ha. Also, maize farmers in the buffer zone of the Mandalika Special Economic Zone benefit from the existence of the Mandalika Special Economic Zone in the form of increasing employment, improving public facilities like; the road infrastructure is of better quality, the physical condition of educational facilities and health facilities is also improving.


This paper analyzes the principle of multi-resolution analysis, and expounds how to use multi-resolution analytic technique to analyze the noise feature to carry out the fault diagnose.


This paper presents a new approach to the production of High Volume Mineral Additive (HVMA) cement. HVMA cement technology is based on the intergrinding of portland cement clinker, gypsum, mineral additives, and a special complex admixture, Supersilica. This new method increases the compressive strength of ordinary cement to 140 MPa and also permits the utilization of a high volume (up to 60%) of inexpensive indigenous mineral additives in the cement. The research results demonstrate that a high volume of natural materials (alumosilicates, limestone, sand, natural pozzolans) and industrial by-products (granulated blast furnace slag, fly ash) and waste (chemical wastes, broken glass and ceramic) can be used as mineral additives in HVMA cement. The maximum quantity of mineral additives in HVMA cement depends on the type of mineral admixtures and its desired strength/durability level. The optimization of the composition of HVMA cement allows the production of a cement with maximal strength and at minimal cost.


Based on the characteristic of correlation function, mathematics expression fit for virtual instrument are derived according to principle of autocorrelation and crosscorrelation. Then the virtual phase meter is designed, and the viewpoint that the software is the instrument is embodied.


Background/Aims: This study analyzed the physical effects of methylene blue (MB) encapsulated within silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) in photodynamic therapy. Materials and methods: The optimum concentration of MB needed to destroy red blood cells (RBCs) was determined, and the efficacy of encapsulated MB-SiNPs compared to that of naked MB was verified. Results: The results confirmed the applicability of MB encapsulated in SiNPs on RBCs, and established a relationship between the concentration of the SiNP-encapsulated MB and the time required to rupture 50% of the RBCs (t50). Conclusion: The MB encapsulated in SiNPs exhibited higher efficacy compared to that of naked MB.


It is noted that ethynol (HCCOH), despite the theoretical prediction of its stability to tautomerization to ketene, has thus far not been observed. It is shown here that the identification of this unknown molecule, both in space and in the laboratory, can be aided by an ab initio calculation of spectroscopic parameters. At the HF/3-21G level, harmonic vibrational frequencies are computed by way of analytic second differentiation of the Hartee-Fock (HF) energy with respect to the nuclear coordinates. After applying an empirical scale factor, the resultant frequencies are (per cm) 473, 517, 773, 841, 1003, 1217, 2206, 3285, and 3418. The computed dipole moment at the CISD/DZ+P level is 1.79 D. At the CISD+Q/DZ+P level, the molecule's rotational constants are determined. After scaling by empirical correction factors, they are used in deriving the 4(04) - 3(03) frequency of 76.81 + or - 0.3 GHz with a triplet splitting of 0.30 + or - 0.01 GHz. The triplet splitting involves 4(14) - 3(13) and 4(13) - 3(12) relative to the 4(04) - 3(03) transition as the central line.


Reviews the book by Shaw et al (see record 2005-06842-000), touted by its authors as a study guide and revision aid for students studying in the areas of sport and exercise psychology. The reviewer suggests that the authors have done an excellent job of summarizing the topics presented in the book, with each summary explanation is complemented with examples that truly help the reader understand the topic in question. Many of the examples reference traditional sports in the United Kingdom that may not be familiar to readers in the United States. Further, some of the language is similarly unique. For instance, the authors make reference to a player being pole axed, and such a colloquialism might fall on deaf ears for some U.S. readers. However, references such as these add charm and colorfulness to the book and serve to educate its readers on a cultural level. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved)


A new model of auto-oscillations in high concentration erbium doped fiber laser has been developed with accounting for statistical nature of the excitation migration and upconversion, as well as resonance-like pump-to-signal intensity noise transfer.


The detailed study of several Cohniella specimens observed and/or collected in French Guiana shows that they all belong to a single entity and that it is different from the two species previously cited for this country, Cohniella cebolleta and C. ultrajectina , by a set of significant vegetative and floral characters. This entity is here described as a new species, illustrated and compared with the two taxa mentioned. A distribution map of the hitherto known specimens and/or populations is proposed, as well as an identification key.


Mulches are generaly used to control weeds, maitain water in the soil and for prevent soil erosion. Researches on this area shows that coloured plastic mulches can also ward off pests and diseases and improve the quality and quantity of crop production (1,2,3).
Our second study (4) focused on iproving the crop production on pepper fruits by growing these plants over different coloured mulches.
Field plots where set up in a randomised complete block design with four replications. Mulches used in experiments were made of different colours of polyethylene sheets: black, white, transparent, red, yellow, blue, green. The growth on bare ground was used as control.
In our experiment were used the variety of long pepper Siret.
Were studied: number of fruits/plant, size of fruit, maturized and total production /plant, number of seeds/fruit, size of seed (number of seeds/gramm).


Marketing plan for La Esperanza Poultry Farm, located in Barrio Los Helechos,
San Miguel de Los Bancos, with the purpose of knowing the causes that are causing the
company to register a low participation in the market and according to the Results raise
different strategies. In the methodology, field research and descriptive research were
carried out, where the means of empirical means, such as surveys and interviews, became a
background about the tastes and preferences of customers when choosing the product, as
well as the opinion of the directors and partners regarding the management of the farm. For
the development of research work to focus on the analysis of the company's results,
identify strengths, opportunities, weaknesses and responses. Subsequently, the
development of mixed marketing is proposed through the implementation of differentiation
strategies that allow the product and the competition in the poultry market of the area that
is in high growth. Finally, consider that the contribution of this project will generate the
benefits of the partners of the farm through the increase of sales, which will improve the
participation in the market.
Key words
Poultry
Fowl
Sells
Production
Commercializing
Strategies
Advertising


The authors are grateful to strategic project PEst-OE/AGR/UI0690/2011 for financial support to CIMO. R. Guimaraes, L. Barros and R. Calhelha thanks to FCT, POPH-QREN and FSE for their grants (SFRH/BD/78307/2011, SFRH/BPD/4609/2008 and SFRH/BPD/68344/2010). The GIP-USAL is financially supported by the Consolider-Ingenio 2010 Programme (FUN-C-FOOD, CSD2007-00063).


The VLC system undertakes both missions of illumination and wireless communication. It is difficult to design a VLC system with optimal performance due to the trade-offs between power consumption and channel quality. In this paper, the VLC system design problem is solved by using multi-objective optimization method. For optimization, the multi-objective function is formulated with respect to power consumption, received power, and SNR under the constraints on the system variables. Through the multi-objective optimization, it is possible to obtain the solutions that satisfies both minimum power consumption and maximum channel quality.


The market for green bonds has been growing rapidly in recent years globally, thereby making them one of the most promising financial instruments to support environmental sustainability. For traditional corporate or sovereign bonds, rating agencies have been key actors to reduce information asymmetry to facilitate the development of debt markets. External reviews, certifications, second or third party opinions and in particular sustainability ratings can play a similar role to verify the sustainable feature of green bonds, which in turn can inform credit analysis and impact investment decisions. However, while there is no uniform definition for green bonds yet, common criteria and methodology for sustainability ratings is also lacking. The paper analyses the theoretical economic functions of sustainability ratings for green bonds and the current international approaches and practices for them. It concludes that there might be much room for improvement for such sustainability ratings and that increased market competition among rating providers might be a key condition of the possible future development of these ratings.


Ultrasonic concussion was used to assist hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid in dissolving sponge titanium sample,and boric acid was added to generate fluoboric acid which made hydrofluoric acid masked.The determination of micro-titanium in sponge titanium was performed by potentiometric titration with silver nitrate solution.For quick equal interval titration and reading potential value at forty seconds after titration,the influence of residual potential drift on determination was reduced.The potential second derivative with zero as end-point was applied for the judgement of end-point,with low inaccuracy and more reliable results.The test results indicated that matrix titanium did not interfere in the determination of chlorine,but S2-,Br-,I-and CN-in the sample did.However,the influence of S2-,Br-,I-and CN-could be ignored because of their low contents.The proposed method has been applied to the determination of chlorine in two sponge titanium samples.The results are consistent with those of national standard method(silver sulfide spectrophotometry) and the RSD are 1.48% and 2.59% respectively(n=8).


Alzheimer's disease (AD) is highly prevalent in dementia, with no specifically effective treatment having yet been discovered. Amyloid plaques are one of the key hallmarks of AD. Transgenic mouse models exhibiting Alzheimer's disease-like pathology have been widely used to study the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease. In this study, we showed an age-dependent correlation between cognitive function, pathological findings, and [F-18] Florbetaben (FBB) PET images. Nineteen transgenic mice (12 with AD, 7 with controls) were used for this study. We observed an increase in β -Amyloid deposition (A β ) in brain tissue and [F-18] FBB amyloid PET imaging in the AD group. The [F-18] FBB data showed a mildly negative trend with cognitive function. Pathological findings were negatively correlated with cognitive functions. These finding suggests that amyloid beta deposition can be well-monitored with [F-18] FBB PET and a decline in cognitive function is related to the increase in amyloid plaque burden.


The prevalence of illnesses related to the modern diet and a more sedentary lifestyle has increased markedly over the last few decades. There is therefore a need for effective strategies to promote health and to reduce the prevalence of diet-related diseases. In this paper, we study the willingness to pay for a new concept, healthy canteen takeaways. In the analysis, we depart from a household production model. To control for the endogeneity of the health state, we use a control function approach. The result suggests that health inputs, such as low-fat meat and a larger amount of vegetables, increase respondents' utility. Respondents' valuations of the convenience attribute are very heterogenous, with both positive and negative values. From a policy perspective, the IV estimation turns out to be of importance, with a sign change in the valuation of low-fat meals for individuals with a poor health state (high MBI).


3. Both patients live at Nakibira, a village in the cleared part of the sleeping sickness infected area on the MPologma River, from which place, however, a succession of fresh iufections have been derived (Cases 36, 37, 66, 67, and 68). 4. Investigation showed that the people from this village were crossing to an uncleared and heavily fly-infested promontory, Budobo, for the purpose of devil worship. 5. Acting on the belief that they were not relapses but reinfections, and early cases at tlhat, we treated them by a single intravenous injection of arsenic. Up to the present date they both remain quite well, and blood, glands, and cerebro-spinal fluid are completely negative. (Another case treated with plain serum, who also comes from Nakibira, showed trypanosomes in glands, and he also is possibly a reinfection.) In view of a suggestion made to us by Dr. Shaw Mackenzie of King's College, that the results obtained from serum treatment might be due to the stimulation of fat splitting by the autogenous serum, we have treated a number of cases by injecting the serum intramuscularly instead of intrathecally. Thle number so treated, however, is too small for any conclusions to be drawn from them. Dr. Shaw Mackenzie also gave us two preparations to try-"A" and "B "--on which we are experimenting; further, he suggests that autogenous serum is one of the best stimulants of lipase. In our endeavour to ascertain clinically the most satisfactory procedure we llave used otlher methods; these are set out in Table VI, which is again self-explanatory.


The invention discloses a fixing device for extracorporeal circulation pipelines used in cardiac surgical procedures. The fixing device comprises a surgical drape and fixing components, wherein the fixing components comprise a plurality of magic tapes, every two magic tapes form a group, one magic tape in each group is stitched to the surgical drape, and the other one is not stitched; the two magic tapes of each group are connected through a cloth strip of which the length is equal to the circumference C of a pipeline required to be fixed herein; the two magic tapes of each group are folded in half and bonded to fix the extracorporeal circulation pipelines at the corresponding positions; and the stitching positions of the magic tapes on the surgical drape are on the path through which the extracorporeal circulation pipelines pass, and the number of the magic tapes is set according to actual needs. The fixing device can effectively fix all extracorporeal circulation pipelines and subordinate pipelines or pipes and effectively prevent the pipelines from dropping off, twisting and knotting, thereby providing a favorable environment for operations and remarkably improving the working efficiency.


This paper presents a dual-frequency six-port reflectometer (SPR) applied to determine dry rubber content (DRC) in para rubber latex. The SPR consists of a wideband microwave source, a six-port ring circuit, a tunable matching circuit, and a microcontroller unit. Two stable frequencies at 1 and 2.16 GHz are proposed for sensing dry rubber content in para rubber latex under test. Several samples of 20-60% DRC concentrated para rubber latex are measured at both frequencies under the temperature range of 20 - 45°C. These data sets are prepared for training and testing for obtaining a temperature-independent model for DRC determination. Three machine learning algorithms, Bayesian Regularization algorithm (BRA), Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm (LMA), and Scaled Conjugate Gradient (SCG), are applied for model training. Based on the experiment data sets, the BRA yields 0.157 mean square error for training and 0.163 for testing while the regression values for training and testing are 0.999.


This work explores the application of kriging methods for prediction of average daily traffic counts across the Texas network. Both results based on both euclidean and roadway network distances (between new count sites and existing data-collection sites) are compared, allowing for strategic spatial interpolation of count values, while comparing for functional classification, lane numbers, speed limits, and other site attributes. Universal kriging is found to reduce errors (in practically and statistically significant ways) over non-spatial regression techniques, thought, at some sites, errors remain quite high, particularly in less dense areas and on small roads near major highways. Interestingly, the estimation of kriging parameters by network distances showed no enhanced performance over Euclidean distances, which require less data and are much more easily computed.


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


For integers p, q, s with p ≥ q ≥ 2 and s ≥ 0 , let () 2 , s K pq − denote the set of 2 _ connected bipartite graphs which can be obtained from K(p,q) by deleting a set of s edges. In this paper, we prove that for any graph () 2 , s GK p q − ∈ with p ≥ q ≥ 3 and 1 ≤ s ≤ q - 1 if the number of 3-independent partitions of G is 2 p-1 + 2 q-1 + s + 4, then G is chromatically unique. This result extends both a theorem by Dong et al. [2]; and results in [4] and [5].


In order to make up for the defects in the traditional matter element analysis,a method that based on fuzzy evaluation and fuzzy cluster is formulated. Firstly,fuzzy evaluation method applies to the river water quality appraisal. Then the grade of water quality is used in the matter element analysis. Secondly,the fuzzy relation matrix is created with the relation functions of the matter element analysis and the swatches are clustered. Lastly the optimal points selection is produced.


Codes for reporting evaluation and management (E/M) services in the emergency department (ED) are similar to those for reporting other E/M services with a few exceptions. These exceptions and payer policies often result in questions about coding of ED services.


The Democracy We Know and Love. Robert Foster's method is to hang a sophisticated theoretical discussion around publicity campaigns or pageants in Papua New Guinea (PNG).


Muscadinia rotundifolia is a wild grape native to the Southeast U.S. In field trials, as well as in the wild, this species exhibits strong resistance to Pierce's disease (PD). Incorporating this resistance into Vitis vinifera production systems in California will require identifying prime breeding material and increasing our understanding of the mechanism of resistance. The first objective of this study was to determine if resistance to Xylella fastidiosa (Xf) and PD varies among wild M. rotundifolia populations across a natural gradient of disease pressure. Greenhouse trials are underway using material collected in Florida, Georgia and Tennessee. The second objective was to test the common belief that some M. rotundifolia cultivars are more Xf resistant than others are. Again, trials are currently underway. Thirdly, we want to test if Xf resistance in M. rotundifolia is consistent when challenged with different Xf strains from Florida and California. Lastly, we want to examine the potential for conferring Xf and PD resistance to V. vinifera scions by grafting them to resistant M. rotundifolia rootstocks. This project is ongoing and only very preliminary results are available now. One such result is that even the least resistant M. rotundifolia selections are much more resistant than the Vitis vinifera cultivars. We have also confirmed that supposed graft incompatibility between the two species can be overcome using green grafting techniques. These grafted plants are entering disease trials now. INTRODUCTION Use of resistant plant material is a proven approach to solving crop pest and disease problems. This approach can provide a robust solution that, among other advantages, avoids the potential negative environmental impacts associated with a chemical control strategy. Unfortunately, in the case of Pierce's disease, it appears that all the common cultivars of V. vinifera are susceptible to the disease (Raju and Goheen 1981). Historically, breeders and researchers have looked to the wild grape species of the southeastern U.S. for potential sources of PD resistance (Loomis 1958, Mortensen et al. 1978). PD pressure is very high in this region and many of the local species are indeed resistant or tolerant. In particular, M. rotundifolia appears to have exceptional resistance and is planted extensively in Florida (Loomis 1958, Hopkins et al. 1974). Efforts have been made to create PD resistant bunch grapes by crossing M. rotundifolia with V. vinifera. Initial success was limited because of genetic incompatibility, but efforts continue and some fertile hybrids are available (Lu et al. 2000). Such hybrids are also being used in work aimed at identifying the genes responsible for the resistance (Krivanek and Walker 1999, 2000). The current project is aimed at increasing our understanding of how PD resistance (or tolerance) functions in M. rotundifolia with the thought that such knowledge will improve our chances of incorporating resistance into V. vinifera. We will also explore the potential for conferring this resistance to V. vinifera via grafting. OBJECTIVES 1. Determine if resistance to Xylella fastidiosa (Xf) and Pierce's disease varies among wild M. rotundifolia populations across a natural north/south gradient of disease pressure. 2. Test the common belief that some M. rotundifolia cultivars are more Xf resistant than others. 3. Determine if Xf resistance in M. rotundifolia is consistent when challenged with different Xf strains from Florida and California. 4. Determine if there is any potential for conferring Xf and PD resistance to V. vinifera scions by grafting them to resistant M. rotundifolia rootstocks. RESULT Variation in resistance in wild M. rotundifolia We completed a collection trip in June 2003 that covered the range of PD pressure from Florida (high) to Tennessee (low). Replicated potted cuttings from 11 collection sites are now in a resistance trial in the greenhouse (n = 138, including controls). This experiment serves as an indirect test of the hypothesis that Xf resistance in M. rotundifolia reflects an evolved response to the disease. Results indicating that resistance tracks disease pressure would suggest that resistance did evolve in response to the disease. We would therefore expect the mechanism to be something specific such as an induced defense that results from some chemical elicitor. If resistance does not appear to be an evolutionary response, we might expect a more general mechanism such as basic differences in xylem structure or xylem sap composition.


Flower gardens let children explore the world of flora and fauna all year round, and can be provided by every setting, explains Diana Lawton.


The invention relates to a polyester micro-porous film having waterproof ventilating and drenching functions, a three-layer compound material, a preparation method and the application thereof. The blend of polyethylene glycol terephthalate, polyethylene terephthalates, Valox and low-melting polyester is the base of polymer. Inorganic filler and processing agent are added in order to prepare polyester micro-porous film having waterproof ventilating and drenching functions. Based on the softening point difference among the low-melting polyester in the polymer base of the micro-porous film and the PET, PTT and PBT, the high intensity three-layer compound material having waterproof, ventilating and drenching functions is prepared by hot-pressing the inner and outer layers of polyester non-woven fabrics, with a polyester micro-porous film in the middle layer. The compound material of the invention can be used as a waterproof ventilating and drenching cushion ply on a slope roof and also can be used as a waterproof drenching cushion ply on the inner side of the hanging type decoration materials on the outer wall of building.


We present a simple recursive iteration of the leapfrog discretization of Newton's equations which leads to a removal of the finite-step-size error to any desired order. This is done in a manner that preserves phase-space areas and reversibility, as required for use in the hybrid Monte Carlo method for simulating fermionic fields. The resulting asymptotic volume dependence is exp((ln/ital V/)/sup 1/2/). We test the scheme on the (2+1)-dimensional Hubbard model.


The Huberized LASSO model, a robust version of the popular LASSO, yields robust model selection in sparse linear regression. Though its superior performance was empirically demonstrated for large variance noise, currently no theoretical asymptotic analysis has been derived for the Huberized LASSO estimator. Here we prove that the Huberized LASSO estimator is consistent and asymptotically normal distributed under a proper shrinkage rate. Our derivation shows that, unlike the LASSO estimator, its asymptotic variance is stabilized in the presence of noise with large variance. We also propose the adaptive Huberized LASSO estimator by allowing unequal penalty weights for the regression coefficients, and prove its model selection consistency. Simulations confirm our theoretical results.


Based on the research of the existing network human-computer interaction systems,a new network human-computer interaction sub-system design method is proposed,and realized in MIS of the coal enterprise.


Aim: The purpose of the study was to investigate the influence of cut-off frequency by Butterworth and Hamming filters on the calculation of the left ventricular volumes (LVV) and ejection fraction (EF) estimated by Quantitative Gated SPECT (QGS) and Emory Cardiac Toolbox (ECTb). Materials and Methods: Twenty patients were retrospectively collected for the study (14 males and 6 females). Mean age was 54±11 y. Tc-99m tetrofosmin gated myocardial perfusion SPECT and equilibrium Gated Blood Pool (GBP) were performed for all patients within less than 2 weeks to each other. We utilized a geometriccount based (GCB) method for evaluating the LVV by GBP. Myocardial functional parameters from Gated SPECT imaging were calculated by QGS and ECTb software programs. A cut-off range of (0.25-0.50 cycle/cm) in Butterworth and (0.4-1.0 cycle/cm) in Hamming filters were used for prefiltering the gated SPECT images and the calculation of the myocardial functional parameters. The EDV, ESV, and EF from GBP and gated SPECT were tabulated and analyzed for comparison. Results: ANOVA results revealed that there were no significant differences among volumes and EF calculated by ECTb across the cut-off values by Butterworth filter (p=0.999, p=0.764, and p=0.299 respectively) and also with QGS (p=0.314, 0.599, and 0.874 respectively). Similar results were obtained by using Hamming filter. There was a trend to underestimate the volumes and overestimate the EF determined by QGS and ECTb at lower cut-off values by Butterworth and Hamming filters. Nevertheless, there were lower systematic differences between volumes and EF between GBP and gated SPECT as the cut-off increased. Both methods demonstrated good correlations with gated blood pool studies in the calculation of volumes and EF along the range of cut-off values provided by both filters. The EF determined by QGS and ECTb yielded a correlation range of (0.7550.786) and (0.611-0.790) respectively with GBP. However, a correlation range of (0.734-0.797) and (0.7280.914) respectively with Hamming filter. Conclusion: The filter cut-off frequency has an impact on myocardial functional parameters estimated by QGS and ECTb algorithms. Both methods have a tendency to underestimate the ventricular volumes and overestimate the EF at lower cut-off frequencies. However, the estimation improves with an increase in the cut-off value with lower systematic differences. The filter cut-off has to be adjusted against a gold standard in an attempt to produce the most reliable measures of EDV, ESV, and EF. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Date of Submission: 02-11-2017 Date of acceptance: 30-11-2017 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


e13555 Background: Tbo-filgrastim is a G-CSF approved in the US as a biologic under the BLA 351(a) pathway, for reducing duration of severe neutropenia (DSN) in patients with non-myeloid malignancies receiving chemotherapy (CTx) associated with a clinically significant incidence of febrile neutropenia (FN). Here, we summarize data from the development program (16 preclinical studies; 2 Phase I and 3 Phase III clinical studies). Methods: Preclinical: The PK, safety pharmacology, PD, and toxicology of tbo-filgrastim vs reference filgrastim were investigated in 3 in vitro studies and 13 animal model studies. Clinical: The PK/PD of tbo-filgrastim and filgrastim were compared in 2 Phase I studies in 200 healthy volunteers. The safety and efficacy of tbo-filgrastim were compared with filgrastim in 3 Phase III studies in 677 patients receiving CTx for breast cancer (BC), lung cancer (LC) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). The BC study, in which DSN was the primary parameter, was placebo controlled. Results: Preclin...


The effect of O2 exposure on field emission properties of ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD) coated ungated Si tip arrays is reported. The behavior of current degradation during O2 exposure and current recovery following evacuation of O2 strongly depended on the initial current/electric field applied to the emitters. At a low initial current of 50 μA/electric field of 5.8 V/μm, O2 exposure (1×10−7, 5×10−7, and 1×10−6 Torr) resulted in a rapid decrease in current in the beginning, followed by a slow decrease. The current made a strong recovery toward the original value when O2 was pumped out. With an increased initial current of 180 μA/electric field of 10.3 V/μm, the currents recovered only to a lesser extent after O2 was evacuated. At an even higher initial current of 930 μA/electric field of 20.5 V/μm, the current decreased steadily and finally stabilized after an exposure of 720 L with only 34% degradation. To explain these observations, we propose a hypothesis of oxygen interaction with the UNCD surface.


We develop a model of imperfect competition with variable markups to analyze the role of market competition in the transmission of targeted fiscal stimulus. We find that the more competitive the market is, the more sectoral output responds to fiscal stimulus in the targeted sector. The more competitive the market is, the less sectoral prices, sector-specific factor prices, and markup respond. We offer new empirical evidence consistent with these theoretical predictions in the context of the large fiscal stimulus in China in 2009-2010. Overall, our results support the view that market competition facilitates the transmission of fiscal stimulus. JEL: E22, G21, G23, G31, H54, L13, R31


The mainline toll station and tunnel are the important parts of the expressway system. The rationality of the clear distance affects the traffic capacity and safety. Based on the characteristics and the implementation status of expressway construction, combined with the relevant standards and research results at home and abroad, the clear distance between tunnel exit and mainline toll station has been defined and divided into the light adaptation distance, the traffic signs recognition distance, the operation distance and the lane confirmation distance. On the basis of analysing various constraints, the research has been carried out to establish a calculation model for the clear distance between the tunnel exit and the mainline toll station. It is proposed that under the secondary service level of the 4-lane expressway, under the design speed of 120km/h, the general value of the clear distance between the tunnel exit and the mainline toll station should be greater than 750m; when it is limited by terrain and route corridors, the minimum clear distance should be no less than 600m. It provides a valuable reference for the design and management of tunnels and mainline toll stations.


If you have to fill a volume with a structure that's repetitive, Just keep your wits about you, you don't need to take a sedative! Don't freeze with indecision, there's no need for you to bust a seam! Although the options may seem endless, really there are just f urteen! There's cubic, orthorhombic, monoclinic, and tetragonal, There's trigonal, triclinic, and then finally hexagonal! There's only seven families, but kindly set your mind at ease— 'Cause four have sub-varieties, so there's no improprieties! (Chorus: 'Cause four have sub-varieties, so there's no improprieties. 'Cause four have sub-varieties, so there's no improprieties. 'Cause four have sub-varieties, so there's no impropri-e, priet These seven crystal systems form the fourteen Bravais lattices They've hardly anything to do with artichokes or radishes – They're great for metals, minerals, conductors of the semi-kin The Bravais lattices describe all objects that are crystalline!


Papers from the sixteenth annual American Astronautical Society Rocky Mountain Guidance and Control Conference are presented. The topics covered include the following: advances in guidance, navigation, and control; control system videos; guidance, navigation and control embedded flight control systems; recent experiences; guidance and control storyboard displays; and applications of modern control, featuring the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) performance enhancement study.


An example of the experimental validation of a finite element model of a selected heavy vehicle is presented in the paper. A truck tractor with a three a xle single drop low boy trailer and the total weight of 20 t ons was selected as a representative for the tests. The major goal of the conducted studies w as to develop a well validated the numerical model of a heavy vehicle applicable for computer simulation of dynamic interaction between a vehicle and a bridge or road structure. Therefore, only sever al components of the ve hicle, affecting the vehicle-road interaction, like wheels and the suspension systems, were modelled in detail. The rest of components were simplified and considered as rigid bodies. The finite element model included fully pneumatic tires and the suspension system modelled with discrete massless springs and dampers. Numerical analyzes were performed using the LS-DYNA computer code. The validation and calibration procedure proposed in the current paper was carried out in two steps. In the first one, some parameters such as material densities, thickness of selected elements, were modified to achieve the correct mass distribution in the model based on the measured axle loads. In the next step the stiffness and dampi ng parameters of the suspension system were evaluated base d on the res ults of the experiment al tests. The spri ng and damping coefficients at all axles were adjusted until the performance of the FE model closely matched t hat of the actual vehicle.


— Conventional means of mineral exploration requires physical access to the region of interest which is a labor-intensive process with many associated challenges. Furthermore, it results in geological maps with nominal precision and is limited by many factors. Remote sensing has emerged as a prominent tool for environment mapping and land cover and land use mapping but its applications in geological mapping are comparatively limited. However, due to the availability of non-commercial satellite data sources and cloud processing services its applications are emerging in mineral exploration and geological mapping community. This study briefly explains the process of geological mapping using different data mining algorithms. Furthermore, it explores different data mining techniques for semantic segmentation of remote sensing data specifically for geological mapping and categorizes them in three classes i.e. conventional techniques, machine learning techniques, and deep learning techniques. The paper contrast and compares these techniques factoring its feasibility for lithological mapping and narrows down to a couple of most prominent techniques in each category. The findings of this study demonstrate the potential of semantic segmentation techniques for geological mapping with a review of practical case studies. Furthermore, it also explores future avenues for research in this domain. The study is beneficial for researchers in geographic information sciences and geological sciences domains working on geological mapping, land cover/land use mapping, or environment mapping.


We proposed an algorithm for fall detection based on event pattern matching with ultrasonic array sensors signal. In several references cited later using ultrasonic sensors to detect human fall. But shows miss detection of event pattern matching algorithm. Our contributions are the algorithm and improvement of the human fall detection results. We predict that the major bottleneck would be the implementation of ultrasonic array sensors. The type of falling events was determined through the implemented SVM model. The CEP and Event Pattern Matching are then applied to verify the falling event to ensure no false positive result taken place. The results demonstrate that a better performance can be achieved based on the designed algorithm. The quality of images also plays an important role of accuracy.


A technique based on the frequency-domain oversampling in Single-Carrier Frequency-Domain Equalization is proposed. Simulation results show that the proposed system based on frequency domain oversampling outperforms the conventional system in static frequency-selective channel.


We introduce a simple benchmark model of dynamic matching in networked markets, where agents arrive and depart stochastically and the network of acceptable transactions between agents forms a random graph. We analyze our model from three perspectives: waiting time, optimization, and information. The main insight of our analysis is that waiting to thicken the market can be substantially more important than increasing the speed of transactions, and this is quite robust to the presence of waiting costs. From an optimization perspective, naive local algorithms, that choose the right time to match agents but do not exploit global network structure, can perform very close to optimal algorithms. From an information perspective, algorithms that employ even partial information on agents' departure times perform substantially better than those that lack such information. Information and waiting are complements; information about departure times is necessary for waiting to yield large gains. To elicit agents' departure times, we design an incentive-compatible continuous-time dynamic mechanism without transfers. LINK: www.ssrn.com/abstract=2394319


Introduction: The subluxation of shoulder is an important and frequent secondary complication found on the patient that had suffered stroke. In the hemiplegia, the paralysis of the muscles of the shoulder, together with the lack of inferior stability of the glenoumeral joint, contributes for the occurrence of the inferior displacement of the head of humerus. The Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) comes being used as an effective therapeutic resource in the best congruence of the glenohumeral joint, allowing functional improvement and of pain in the joint of the shoulder.
Objective: To evaluate the effect of the FES in the subluxation of shoulder, in the radiological and functional aspects and in the pain of patients in chronic phase of the stroke in the physiotherapy sessions.
Methods: The study was a Clinical Assay Controlled Randomized with 6 patients who had carried through RX examinations and had passed for evaluation of pain, evaluation of the superior member (Fugl-Meyer) and physiotherapeutic evaluation. All the measures had been made by a blind appraiser. The patients had been divided in 2 called groups Control Group (CG) and Experimental Group (EG). The CG only received conventional physiotherapy in the superior member, while EG received conventional physiotherapy and a program from treatment with FES.
Results: The comparison enters the measures of ROM, RX, function and pain had not significant difference in the 2 groups before and after the treatment. However, the present study it showed that the experimental group got a bigger reduction of the subluxation and pain in the shoulder, when compared with the group has controlled.
Conclusion: This study does not show given conclusive due to the small number of the sample. However, the FES seems to produce reduction of the subluxation, improve the function of the superior member and to act in the reduction of pain in carrying patients of chronic stroke.


MHD shocks in partially ionized gas with radiative cooling and ionization are discussed. The basic theory has been extended to include magnetic fields which lie at an oblique angle to the shock velocity. An analytic theory of energy-conserving and momentum-conserving flows is given. The mathematical nature of the shock problem, the presence of a critical point downstream, and the effects of cooling are discussed. Two parameters are found which control the qualitative nature of the solution: the Alfven Mach number of the gas and the ratio of radiative cooling to ion-neutral drift heating. A simple analytic model for cooling shows how radiative losses affect the structure. Strong cooling leads to nearly continuous transitions of the neutral gas from the upstream to downstream states; however, there is often a weak shock downstream. The shock problem is solved numerically over a large range of Alfven Mach numbers and cooling-to-heating ratios. Finally, the qualitative features of ionization breakdown in the partially ionized gas is discussed. 16 references.


Received: 25 November 2015; Accepted: 30 December 2015; Published: 5 January 2016Academic Editor: Afzal R. MohammedLaboratory of Clinical Biotechnology, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine,Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan;firstname.lastname@example.com; Tel.: +81-3-5841-0591; Fax: +81-3-5841-1419


On 21 April 2011 the negotiating chairs circulated documents representing the product of the work in their negotiating groups. It is noticeable that changes made to the "Anti-dumping Agreement" in the document of the rules group named "Communication from the Chairman" contains the same twelve bracketed issues as the 2008 Chair text. This paper gives a comprehensive comparison of the 2011 "Communication from the Chairman" and the "2008 Chair Text". And a detailed interpretation of the outcome of the negotiations on the Anti-dumping Agreement and comments are also given in this paper.


We aimed to determine the rate of complications associated with autologous costal cartilage graft harvest for pediatric laryngotracheal reconstruction (LTR). Secondarily, we sought to identify risk factors associated with the harvest of autologous costal cartilage, as well as evaluate management strategies.


The effect of α-tocopherol treatment has been studied in plants exposed to oxidative stress. For inducing a defined amount of stress the herbicide paraquat was used. An α-tocopherol pre-treatment of plants significantly reduced paraquat-induced injury. This was documented in bean and apple leaves by chlorophyll fluorescence measurements, quantification of necrotic lesions and determination of the antioxidative capacity in lipophilic and hydrophilic leaf extracts. In field experiments a significant effect of repeated α-tocopherol treatments against Venturia inaequalis was established in 'Jonagold' and 'Elstar' trees. Besides, fruit colour formation was improved.


Objective To establish a method for the determination of residual solvents in compactin.Methods Headspace gas chromatography was employed.5% phenyl 1% vinyl 94% dimethyl polysiloxane capillary column was used.2-Hexanone was used as internal standard.The column temperature was 45℃ initially and maintained for 5 min;then,heated up to 90℃ at the rate 2℃/min and maintained for 0 min;afterwards,heated up to 160℃ at the rate of 30℃/min and maintained for 2 min.Detector:flame ionization detector (FID) was used and its temperature was 260℃;temperature of the injector port was 220℃.Nitrogen was used as the carry gas;the flow rate was 8 ml/min;and the distributary rate was 10:1.Results The correlation coefficients of linearity ranged from 0.999 7~0.999 9 for the 3 residual solvents within the concentration of 50%~150% of relative individual limit specified,and the average recovery rates (n=9) were between 99.2%~100.2%.Conclusion This method is easy to operate with precise results,and can be used for determining the residual solvents in compactin.