Interactions between breaking internal gravity waves with phase speeds of 0, ±10, ±20, ±30 ms-1, and the diurnal tide in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (70-120 km) are investigated using a time dependent numerical model of the tide. The gravity wave breaking and stress are calculated using a modified Lindzen's parameterization making allowance for interactions with a diurnally varying zonal wind superimposed on a zonal mean wind field. In order to avoid difficulties with the WKB approximation used in the parameterization, the interactions are only considered in the extratropics. However, the gravity wave stress is shown to suppress the amplitude of the diurnal tide at all latitudes in the upper mesosphere and lower thermosphere. It is also shown that gravity wave stresses modified by the diurnal tide induce significant semidiurnal and terdiurnal tides in the mesosphere and thermosphere.


The treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) is complex. In the United States, we have 8 different classes of drugs approved for treating relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS). The first-generation therapies, glatiramer acetate and the b-interferons, have an impressive 20-year record of safety and many patients with RRMS have their disease well-controlled by these agents. Newer treatments, such as natalizumab, fingolimod, and dimethyl fumarate, may be more efficacious and convenient than the first-generation therapies. However, they lack a long-term safety record and some, such as natalizumab, have proved to be riskier than the first-generation therapies. In assessing any new therapy for RRMS, we must assess not just its efficacy but also its safety. Increased efficacy that comes with excessive risks is a Faustian bargain we should refuse. In this issue of Neurology®, Menge et al. review the key clinical trials of alemtuzumab for the treatment of RRMS. This review is timely given recent events. While regulatory agencies in Europe, Canada, Australia, and elsewhere have approved alemtuzumab for the treatment of RRMS, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recently declined to register the therapy for MS. The divergent position of the FDA is partly based on the lack of subject blinding in the clinical trials but the FDA also raised concerns about the safety of the drug. Alemtuzumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that rapidly depletes CD521 lymphocytes and monocytes following a short course of therapy. Repletion of cells occurs very slowly. Monocytes and B cells return to pretreatment levels within 3 months but T cells return much more slowly. CD81 T cells rise to pretreatment levels over a mean of 30 months and CD41 T cells remain below pretreatment levels for a mean of 5 years. Alemtuzumab's prolonged effects on immune cells are the basis for its efficacy and also its risks. Menge et al. discuss the results of a phase 2 (CAMMS223) and 2 phase 3 trials (CARE-MS I and CARE-MS II) of alemtuzumab in RRMS. All 3 trials compared alemtuzumab with subcutaneous interferon-b-1a (IFN-b-1a) and had coprimary outcomes of annualized relapse rate (ARR) and sustained disability worsening. Participants were not blinded to which treatment they received. CAMMS223 and CARE-MS I enrolled treatment-naive patients whereas CARE-MS II enrolled persons who had relapsed on glatiramer acetate or a b-interferon. All 3 studies showed lower ARR in subjects receiving alemtuzumab compared with IFN-b-1a. The ARR for alemtuzumab compared with IFN-b-1a for the trials were as follows: CAMMS223, 0.1 vs 0.36; CARE-MS I, 0.18 vs 0.39; CARE-MS II, 0.26 vs 0.52. The higher relapse rates in the CARE-MS II trial probably reflected enrollment of a more treatment-resistant group of participants, many of whom had had poorly controlled disease on b-interferon. Participants receiving alemtuzumab in the CAMMS223 and CARE-MS II trials had reductions in sustained disability worsening compared with those receiving IFN-b-1a (CAMMS233, 9% vs 26%, p , 0.001; CARE-MS II, 9% vs 22%, p 5 0.002). However, a difference in sustained disability worsening between the alemtuzumab and IFN-b-1a groups did not occur in CARE-MS I (8% vs 11%, p 5 0.22). This difference appears related to lower than expected disability progression in the placebo group. As reviewed by Menge et al., many secondary and post hoc clinical and magnetic resonance analyses have been performed on the data from these 3 trials, providing additional evidence that alemtuzumab is more efficacious than IFN-b-1a. However, their review also makes clear that alemtuzumab is substantially less safe than IFN-b-1a. Nearly 30% of patients with MS receiving alemtuzumab developed autoimmune thyroid disease, typically hyperthyroidism and Graves disease. While autoimmune thyroid disease is treatable, it is not trivial. Some patients required thyroidectomies and Graves disease may be a risk factor for thyroid cancer. Immune thrombocytopenia purpura occurred in 21 MS participants receiving alemtuzumab. One died from an intracranial hemorrhage while others were successfully treated, although some required treatment with immunosuppressants. A few cases of


Approaches of systems analysis and mathematical modeling together with computer simulation techniques are applied to the cardiovascular system in order to simulate dynamic responses of the system to a range of exercise work loads. A block diagram of the circulatory model is presented, taking into account arterial segments, venous segments, arterio-venous circulation branches, and the heart. A cardiovascular control system model is also discussed together with model test results.


Mars equatorial region Sinus Meridiani has been investigated by the Thermal Emission Spectrometer (TES) onboard the Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) revealing the presence of gray hematite. Laboratory measurements on magnetic minerals including gray hematite have been performed afterwards suggesting that the Shallow Radar (SHARAD) instrument onboard the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) should be capable to reveal the reflectivity contrast, the influence on the penetration depth and the temperature dependence effect on the received echoes. The proposed wok suggests a possible study aimed to evaluate such considerations including both theoretical models as well as experimental data analysis.


Jamkesmas is a social assistance program for health care for the poor and not capable of being conducted nationally, to enable the cross-subsidy in order to realize comprehensive healthcare services for the poor. The purpose of this program is to improve access and quality of health services to all poor and can not afford in order to achieve optimal health status effectively and efficiently. However, in the implementation jamkesmas in Jorong Tongar imbalance occurs, so that the formulation of the problem in this research is to what extent the implementation of the inequality of health insurance for the poor in Jorong Tongar and how the impact of inequality in the implementation of health insurance in Jorong Tongar. The purpose of this study was to describe the causes of inequality jamkesmas implementation, and describe the impact of the implementation jamkesmas inequality for the poor in Jorong Tongar Nagari Aia Pasaman West Tower. The method in this study using qualitative methods. The technique used for data collection are observation, interview and documentation. Informants in this study are set intentionally (purposive sampling), the number of informants are all 20, 10 and 5 beneficiary communities jamkesmas officers, employees and 5 Department of Health or the person in charge of the implementation. Based on the results of the study revealed that there are three factors that cause imbalance in the implementation of health insurance Jorong Nagari Tongar Aia Tower namely: 1). System improper procedure, 2). Inaccurate data collection, 3). A system of bribes from the local community, while the impact of the imbalance in the implementation of health insurance programs, namely: 1). The lack of public confidence in the officers jamkesmas, 2). Social tension, it can be concluded as follows: type of public health programs is poor in Jorong Tongar medical treatment. Most of the people belonging to the community Jorong Tongar incapable of about 761 people who were supposed to get Jamkemas for treatment to nearby hospitals and health centers. Of the 761 persons only 125 people get in Jorong Tongar.


: Objective: Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) is a family of multiple isozymes that catalyze the reduction of H 2 O 2 or organic hydro peroxides to water or corresponding alcohols using reduced glutathione (GSH) as an electron donor. GPx competes with catalases for H 2 O 2 as a substrate to protect against mild oxidative stress. Different medicinal plants and their active ingredients possess the ability to prevent decrease in GPx in oxidative stress. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of two varieties of Allium sativum on an antioxidative biomarker, serum glutathione peroxidase in albino rats. Subjects and methods: It was a randomized controlled trial (RCT) This study was conducted at Physiology Department, Services Institute of Medical Sciences (SIMS), Lahore from August 2012 to February 2014.The study was carried out on 120 male albino rats. The rats were randomly divided into four groups of thirty each. Group A was given normal saline (control); group B was administered hepatotoxic dose of acetaminophen (negative control); group C was pretreated with Allium sativum Var Chinese exotic extract for 7 days before receiving hepatotoxic dose of acetaminophen (Experimental 1); and group D was pretreated with Allium sativum Var Lehsun Gulabi extract for 7 days before receiving hepatoprotective dose of acetaminophen (Experimental 2). Serum glutathione peroxidase levels in each group were measured from terminal blood sampling done 24 hours after acetaminophen administration after ether anesthesia. Results: Highly significant (p=0.000) less reduction in serum glutathione peroxidase were manifested in experimental group D pretreated with ethanolic extract of Allium sativum Var Lehsun Gulabi as compared to reduction in this parameter in experimental group C pretreated with ethanolic extract of Allium sativum Var Chinese exotic. Conclusion: Allium sativum Var Lehsun Gulabi has better antioxidative potential as compared to Allium Sativum Var Chinese exotic.


Introduction Depression and anxiety are recognized as common psychiatric complications of stroke, yet little is known about their clinical correlates and their impact on functional outcome. Objectives To assess the prevalence of anxiety and depression during the first year post-stroke; To determine their relationships with clinical and functional variables. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study, which included 147 patients, followed for stroke that had occurred over the past year. We used the HAD scale in its Arabic version for screening for anxiety and depression and the modified Rankin scale to assess the degree of disability due to stroke. Results Anxiety was detected in 55.1% of patients and depression in 67.3% of them. These emotional disturbances were more common during the first six months post-stroke. Depression was more common among male gender (p=0.003). Older age and more than secondary educational attainment correlated with post-stroke anxiety (p respectively 0.013 and 0.002). Post-stroke anxiety and depression were significantly more common in case of infarcts involving the territory of the Sylvian and the anterior cerebral artery (p respectively 0.01 and 0.001). Depression was significantly associated with the presence of motor deficit on the initial neurological examination (p<0.001) and subsequent neurological sequelae (p<0.001). Anxiety and depression were significant predictors of functional disability during the 12 months post-stroke (p=0.007). Conclusions Anxiety and depression impair functional ability after stroke. These data may help identify the patients at greatest risk of poor emotional outcomes and thus help in planning appropriate interventions.


With the high speed and heavy haulage on railways,the rail's damage is more and more serious,the electrode is adopted to repair the rail through surfacing welding in the past,the packaged technology is summarized,according to the weldability of the rails on-site in this paper,The JDHB-1 self-shielded flux-cored wire as the welding material is selected to repair the rail which is produced by Pangang Group,then the microstructure and property is researched and supersonic flaw detecting is done.The research shows that: The overlay's rigidity,morphology and impact properties meets the Ministry of Railways'standard,the sound transitive performance of the overlay is approached to the base metal.So the overlay possess good comprehensive mechanical property.It is feasible that the damaged rail is repaired by self-shielded flux-corded wire without preheat.


The present invention proposes a control method of an air conditioner, an air conditioner and an air conditioner control means, wherein said air conditioner control method, comprising: temperature detecting means determines whether the normal operation of the air conditioner; when it is determined said temperature detecting means is not working properly, the air conditioner detects the current operating parameters, and locate the target indoor temperature and the current operating parameters corresponding to the current operating parameters in accordance with pre-stored in the air conditioner from the database ; controls the air conditioner based on the target indoor temperature. By aspect of the present invention, the air conditioner can be made at a temperature failure detecting means, the air conditioner is possible to acquire the current room temperature by a pre-stored database, and controls the air conditioner based on the current indoor temperature obtained, so that the air-conditioning operating normally, in order to solve the problem only after the air conditioner off or inefficient operation.


The utility model provides a centralized-control hydraulic hoist which comprises a hydraulic cylinder, a hydraulic system, an electric control system, a detection system and a frame; the hydraulic cylinder comprises a hanging head, a piston, a piston rod, a cylinder barrel and a guide sleeve; the hydraulic system comprises an oil pump motor group, a slide valve speed regulating valve, a slide valve hydraulic lock, a slide valve pressure valve, a slide valve check valve, an integrated valve block, various integrated valve parts and an oil path; the electric control system comprises a man-machine interface, a programmable controller PLC, an extended machine and a remote integrated control interface; and the detection system comprises a pull rope device, an absolute type encoder and a limit device. The centralized-control hydraulic hoist has the beneficial effects that: 1. the centralized-control hydraulic hoist is convenient in use and maintenance. 2. The centralized-control hydraulic hoist is convenient in production and manufacturing, is easy in assembly, and has high automation and reliability.


We review a few useful concepts about polarization measurements in the quantum domain. Using a perfectly general formalism, we show how to build the quantum counterpart of some classical quantities like Stokes parameters and Mueller matrices, which are well known in classical polarization-measurement theory.


Project QUASIMODO was originally established in 1988 to investigate the performance and condition monitoring equipment needs of the RNZN pursuant to the introduction of the Technical Management System (TMS). The Projects primary aim is to place modern user friendly technologies, techniques and reporting systems in the hands of the first line maintainors and operators, both Mechanical Engineering and Weapons and Electrical Engineering. This is to permit more timely, accurate, and cost effective planning of maintenance, based on improved diagnostics and performance and condition assessment rather than strictly time based maintenance. The second aim of the project is to improve upon and monitor the quality of maintenance work conducted by RNZN maintalners and for work received by the RNZN, as a customer, from the Dockyard as the contractor. The scope of the project is constrained by two factors: a. QUASIMODO is to introduce technology and programmes that are transportable to the ANZAC Frigates (MEKO 2000 derivative); and b. all introduced technologies are to be proven, commercially available, and be supportable within New Zealand.


It is a disposable electronic cigarette cartridge (3), the disposable cartridge (3) includes a moisture plug (6), vaporized and in use are impregnated with hygroscopic plug (6), and a liquid material, the moisture plug (6 ) is permeable to a by and gas impermeable the installed and moisture plugs have (6) itself to the outside with respect to and completely cover the liquid surface coating (7), the a.


The abolition of fees for basic health services in developing countries, as achieved in Uganda, will remove a major barrier to improvement in the health of people in these nations. And such initiatives should be supported by the countries themselves and international donors.

This is the belief of Hilary Benn, the United Kingdom's secretary of state for international development and head of the Department for International Development, which manages Britain's aid to poor countries. He was speaking at a debate at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, and also launching the progress report on the UK's maternal health strategy.

Citing the work of Chris …


In this paper, a new spectral gradient direction is proposed to solve the l1 -regularized convex minimization problem. The spectral parameter of the proposed method is computed as a convex combination of two existing spectral parameters of some conjugate gradient method. Moreover, the spectral gradient method is applied to the resulting problem at each iteration without requiring the Jacobian matrix. Furthermore, the proposed method is shown to have converge globally under some assumptions. Numerically, the proposed method is efficient and robust in terms of its quality in reconstructing sparse signal and low computational cost compared to the existing methods.


INTRODUCTION It is quite surprising to learn that the second leading cause of death due to cancer worldwide is the result of stomach cancer.1,2 In 1990, there were 900,000 new cases of gastric carcinoma (GC) diagnosed throughout the world.1 In the 1930s, GC was the leading cause of cancer and cancer-related deaths in the United States and since then the incidence of GC has decreased dramatically.2 However, this has not been the case for Japan and many developing countries. In fact, some developing countries such as Mexico have shown an increase in the incidence of GC over the last ten years. As a result, GC is the most common type of gastrointestinal cancer in Mexico and the second most common cause of cancer-related mortality in that country.3


A discrete adjoint method is developed and demonstrated for aerodynamic design optimization on unstructured grids. The governing equations are the three-dimensional Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations coupled with a one-equation turbulence model. A discussion of the numerical implementation of the flow and adjoint equations is presented. Both compressible and incompressible solvers are differentiated and the accuracy of the sensitivity derivatives is verified by comparing with gradients obtained using finite differences. Several simplyfying approximations to the complete linearization of the residual are also presented, and the resulting accuracy of the derivatives is examined. Demonstration optimizations for both compressible and incompressible flows are given.


Short videos made by SCDC that show the resources for career search available at the libraries and how to use them.


This research examines the economic consequences of fair value accounting and a change in the distribution rule. In Japan, fair value accounting for financial instruments was mandated from 2001, and unrealized revaluation profits were to be included in income statements. As an institutional correspondence to the change in accounting standards, Japanese Commerce Law implemented the deduction of revaluation profits from distributable profits. However, from 2006, the Japanese Company Act changed its distribution rule to include revaluation profits in distributable profits. Utilizing such a unique institutional setting, I investigated whether fair value adjustments are related to dividends and whether the change in the distribution rule had an impact on companies' dividend policies. The results show that the change in the distribution rule influenced companies' dividend policies, especially Japanese firms, as they tend to pay out revaluation profits as allowed by the Company Act.


The effect of water on the photophysical properties of four 7-diethylaminocoumarin dyes (AC 1, BC I, BC II and C 35) in dioxane–water solvent mixtures is studied. Dielectric enrichment of the dyes is not observed in the binary mixtures. Rate constants for bimolecular quenching are calculated. BC I and C 35 are found to undergo both static and dynamic quenching while only static quenching is observed in the case of BC II. The association constant is however found to be very small (Kb=2–5×10-2 M-1). No such dependence is observed in AC 1 where the formation of an intramolecular hydrogen bond is strongly favored. The increase in the non-radiative rate constant with the water concentration observed in the other three dyes (BC I, BC II and C 35) can be correlated to the solvent polarity and hydrogen bonding parameter ET(30). A threshold value of the solvent polarity–polarizability parameter (Pekar factor C) for the non-radiative process is observed for all these three dyes and it is nearly independent of the nature of substitution. The photophysical properties of AC 1 can be adequately explained by considering only one singlet excited state while an additional singlet excited state needs to be included to understand the photophysics of BC I, BC II and C 35 in highly polar environments.


A PT-PCR was designed for the detection of the chicken derived material involved in chicken essence seasoning.The pair of oligonucleotide primers and the probe were designed.Results indicate that the the targeted gene of the specific chicken derived material could be exclusively amplified.The sensitivity of the RT-PCR was 0.005%(W/W).The developed method in this assay allows detection of the chicken derived material in chicken essence seasoning in less than 3 h.Therefore,this method could be a useful method for the detection of the t chicken derived material in chicken essence seasoning.


Houlik-Ritchey considers the implications of the omission of Gower's references to "Saracens" in the Castilian translation of the CA by Juan de Cuenca. Her close reading reveals considerable paradox in Gower's attitude, as he evidently finds justification for the Roman emperor's harsh reprisal in the tale of Constance in Book 2 but has Genius note the sanctity of even Muslim souls in his comments on crusading in Book 3, and also in his ambivalent portrayal of the Sultaness, Constance's first mother-in-law, who sets Constance adrift after the slaughter at the feast, but also carefully makes sure that she has sufficient provisions on her boat. The term "Saracen" itself, however, clearly denotes difference, and by implication either moral depravity or a threat to the author's and readers' Christian culture, and because of its use in earlier medieval romances, "evokes the realm of fantasy, of an aggressor against which violence is always permissible because it is always necessary" (183). The Castilian text removes the link between the Sultaness' villainy and her religion by referring to her only as "la mala vieja" ("the evil old woman"), and in the passages in which Genius considers the morality of the crusades, it uses the more generic "infiel" ("infidel") where Gower uses "Sarazin." Juan de Cuenca is obviously less concerned with "fantasies of religious aggressors threatening Christianity" (183), and although his version of the poem too is marked by the triumph of Christianity, both in the conversion of Northumberland and in the ethic that makes it possible to condemn killing even of one's enemies, the long history of Jews, Christians, and Moslems living side by side on the Iberian peninsula, while not necessarily bringing about an ideal of mutual tolerance, "created an environment in which anxieties about one's religious neighbors did not take the same form as in late medieval England" (186). [Copyright. The John Gower Society. JGN 32.1]


Based on the analysis of the dust moving and cycle mode and the distributing character of different size of the dust of Hangzhou city,it indicates that the source of the dust is related to the moving mode which includes float moving,jumping moving and squirming moving.The dust with diameter less than 0.1mm mainly comes from other place from upper air which occupies 30% of all the city dust.The middle size around is about 40% and thick dust in the city is 30%.


Mediastinal widening can be caused by numerous conditions including type 2 diabetes. If accompanied by chest pain, breathlessness or dysphagia, it has a grave prognosis and requires immediate attention. However, mediastinal lipomatosis is a benign condition leading to accumulation of fat within the mediastinum. Computed tomography (CT) is the definitive imaging modality for evaluating widened mediastinum. We hereby report a case of type 1 diabetes mellitus patient presenting with mediastinal widening on chest radiograph and diagnosed to have mediastinal lipomatosis on thoracic computed tomography.


AIM:To investigate the relationship between pressure overload cardiac hypertrophy,the extent of myocardial fibrosis and ventricular arrhythmias induced by electrical stimulation,and the effect of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor Benazepril treatment.MEHTODS:The incidence of ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation of the adbominal aortic constricted rats(corac rats) hearts induced by electrical stimulation was recorded using the Langendorff aortic retrograde perfused apparatus. The amounts of subendocardial interstitial collagen type Ⅰ and type Ⅲ in the left ventricle (LV) were measured by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS:The arrhythmias induced by trains of stimuli were less frequent,and the LV weight/body weight ratio,the amount of collagen type Ⅰ wre lower in coarc rats receiving Benazepril treatment compared with the operated group without treatment. CONCLUSION:Benazepril can,by preventing the process of LVH and myocardial fibrosis,decrease the propensity of the hearts of coarc rats for developing severe arrhythmias.


ABSTRACT This paper presents a now spline called arc spline. It lakes two arcs connecting adjacent points among a sampled series, with known tangental of cach sampled point. The calculation for the parallel, the curve length and the segmenting point coordinates are simple, thus making map symbol generation simplified. When "arclet" occurs, some special processing must be taken.


Abstract The carbon nanotubes (CNTs)-containing composites of poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) were prepared by melt-blending in a batch mixer with three concentrations by weight of CNTs: 1, 2 and 3 %. State of dispersion-distribution of the CNTs in the PBS matrix was examined by electron microscopic observations that revealed homogeneous distribution of agglomerated CNTs in PBS matrix. The dynamic mechanical studies demonstrated an increase in the storage modulus of PBS matrix with the CNTs loading. Melt-state rheological properties measurements were found to be modified with CNT loading changing from liquid-like, to gel-like and then to viscoelastic solid-like. Finally, the in-plane electrical conductivity was found to be substantially enhanced with CNT loading, whereas the through-plane conductivity was found to be only slighted increased with the CNT loading. Such changes in viscoelastic properties along with the improvements in both thermomechanical and electrical properties are expected to open opportunities for the use of PBS extending its applications from the classical field of packaging to new niches such as tissue-engineering.


The invention discloses a pharmaceutical rhinitis pillow for external use and treating wind-heat rhinitis, which consists of a pillow case and a pillow core and is characterized in that: the pillow core is filled with Chinese medicaments which are subjected to drying and crashing or are ground into coarse powder and mixed evenly; and the Chinese medicaments consist of the following Chinese medicinal components in portion by weight: 6 portions of honeysuckle flower, 6 portions of fructus xanthii, 2 to 3.6 portions of Japanese thistle herb root, 2 to 3.6 portions of chrysanthemum, 3 to 5.4 portions of radix astragali, 3 to 5.4 portions of cortex phellodendri, 2 to 3.6 portions of radix angelicae dahuricae, 2 to 3.6 portions of liquorice , 2 to 3.6 portions of peppermint and 9 to 18 portions of herba centipedae. The pharmaceutical rhinitis pillow is applied to accelerating the early recovery of patients and the comprehensive treatment of orally taking antibiotics or orally taking Chinese patent medicine is performed at the same time. The pharmaceutical rhinitis pillow is applied to 86 patients suffered from the wind-heat rhinitis and has 100 percent of effective rate.


The paper presents theoretical grounds for modular energotechnological means (MEM) utilization in technologies and machines system for plant growing. The author offers the degree of energy module potential power implementation as a measure of MEM application efficiency. The evaluation of technologies and machines with reference to particular natural-industrial requirements is provided as well.


Automotive panel integrating information model is a key of die CE and intelligent manufacturing. By analyzing AP shape and pressing process features, a sorting strategy based on shape and construction features is presented, a five-hierarchical AP integrated IM driven by CE is established, an AP information exchanged frame of integrated knowledge representing based intelligent-concurrent design is put forward. The keys for knowledge representing and reasoning are discussed, case-representing methods and reasoning arithmetic based on design rules are given. Finally, feature technology and multidomain knowledge fused into AP information modeling, the product IM of integrated knowledge based on feature mapping is set up. The model provides effective technology measures for exchanging information of all lifecycles, die intelligent-concurrent design, shortened development cycle and improving AP quality.


Objective To observe the angle parameters in primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) after phacoemulsification.Methods Thirty eyes of 30 patients with PACG and cataract were included.Angle parameters were measured using ultrasound biomicroscopic (UBM) before surgery and 3 months after phacoemulsification with IOL implantation.Main outcome measures were central anterior chamber depth (ACD),trabecular iris angle (TIA),angle opening distance at 500 μm from scleral spur (AOD500),trabecular-ciliary process distance(TCPD),and iris distance l (IDl).Results At 3 months after phacoemulsification,there was a significant widening of the anterior chamber angle with the TIA increasing significantly (t =9.467,P =0.001) with an associated increase in AOD500 (t =9.831,P =0.001) ; TCPD (t =7.988,P =0.001) ; and ACD (t =10.244,P =0.002).There was no significant changing of the ID1 (t =1.244,P =0.070).Conclusion Phacoemulsification in eyes with PACG results in significant widening of the anterior chamber angle.

Key words:
Ultrasound biomicroscopy ;  Anterior chamber angle ;  Phacoemulsification;  Glaucoma,angle closure, primary


Ruppe, Carol V., and Janet F. Barstad (Eds.). International Handbook of Underwater Archaeology London & New York: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2002. 894 pp. including index and two appendices. $195....


The purpose of this study was to explain the possibility of improvement in running and overhand throwing abilities in high-school students through regular physical education classes. The subjects were 117boys and 95girls in the second grade of a high school. The subjects performed 100m run and ball throws hefore and after physical education classes, 10 times during 4weeks. The physical education classes were consisted of some kind of teaching materials for running and overhand throwing skills. The running and throwing motions were recorded with a VTR camera from the side view. By the posterior ohservation of the videotape, motor pattern of running and throwing was evaluated individually. The results were compared before and after the classes, to explain significant differences by the t-tests.The results were summarized as follows;1) The means of running time decreased significantly, and throwing distance increased significantly both in boys and girls.2) Improvement in running time and throwing distance after trials was remarkable in lower revel subjects, before learning. And the some differences were found in the tendency hy sex and the events.3) There was a large difference of running time and throwing distance as well in its growth in terms of sex. But the result of evaluated running and throwing motions shows that girls were more improved than boys. These results explain that it is possible to improve running and throwing abilities in high school students, and it is suggested that running and throwing (fundamental movements) practice for acquirement of appropriate motor pattern is important through regular physical education classes.


We evaluate two alternative models of international trade in differentiated products. An increasing returns model where varieties are linked to firms predicts home market effects: increases in a country's share of demand cause disproportionate increases in its share of output. In contrast, a constant returns model with national product differentiation predicts a less than proportionate increase. We examine a panel of U.S. and Canadian manufacturing industries to test the models. Although we find support for either model, depending on whether we estimate based on within or between variation, the preponderance of the evidence supports national product differentiation.


We propose a refractive-index sensor based on the principle of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) in a polymer channel waveguide coated with a copper (Cu) film. Our fabricated device using a 40-nm Cu film covered with a 10-nm silicon-dioxide protecting layer offers a maximum refractive-index sensitivity of ~45 μm/RIU for the refractive-index range from 1.5375 to 1.5515, which is far more sensitive than the existing fiber/waveguide-based SPR sensors. The experimental results agree well with the theoretical analysis. We also present a sensor design with a record-high sensitivity of ~250 μm/RIU for aqueous solutions by using low-index polymer materials. The proposed sensor structure could be developed for a wide range of biomedical applications.


Wood, wind, water, coal, oil, gas, and nuclear energy: of those major power sources, only one-nuclear energy-can work in space. In this paper, the author argues that exploration of the Solar System will only get serious when spacecraft can exploit the power of the atom.


This article briefly describes the understanding of the pathological mechanism of vitiligoin Traditional Chinese Medicine, and introduces the applications of Traditional Chinese Medicine in vitiligo treatment by consulting the relevant medical literature on the treatment of vitiligo in order to provide some ideas for the clinical treatment of vitiligo.


In recent years,Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication,Wuwei Museum of Gansu Province,University of Science and Technology of China,Press for Ancient books of Yangzhou,and Yingshan Museum of Hubei Province have contributed respectively to the research and practice of the movable clay type printing.The article integrates their works,and reviews,compares and analyses the different characters,also studying the cause,purpose,and schedule drawing of the four research institutes for the movable clay type printing.In addition,this article brings forward the some problems of how to study the demonstration of the research of movable clay type printing,based on the historical materials,to further intercommunion among the colleagues of Sino-foreign institutions.


This study compares a common assessment and planning information hybrid webapp physical characteristics of a native app developed by two kinds of content each user of the media and the accessibility and usability have on Hanji which is high conservation value scientifically superior new materials. So this study to increase the completeness of the content system, it is an object to further spread the infrastructure of the smart device user. The identity of the achievements of this study was to establish the identity of "Thousand years of spirit, our traditional crafts Hanji." that based on reflects the traditional culture of Korea, traditional brand of globalization, unique properties, and convergence features of the Smart Content. This content is organized into whether the country, after the use of, after living craft, whether craft masters, that the information center. Crafts design planning information after the main content was applied equally webapp hybrid and native apps. After the achievements of the first completed Contents, in 2015, we tested accessibility and usability test targeting on 50 of smart phone users. This hybrid webapp has received good reputation around graphical elements such as images, photos, and background color, and it was already no problem because responsive web site has been completed in advance without failure of the connected links. There were some of complain about not easy at a glance of professional words. Native App was evaluated excellence of good contents expression words and GUI & layout design relatively. But the other side, this app was evaluated not good review of predictability for Pre/Next, fonts and typography size. Hybrid webapp is easy to maintain because it can be compatible with the constant updates on various smart devices. Once installed native app can always be used without the constraints of location or environment, there is an advantage that developers can freely implement a GUI. The results of this study, "Thousand years of spirit, our traditional crafts Hanji." could get more better evaluations of Native app than Hybrid webapp. But the detailed usability test, the excellence and lack both were evaluated in a more prominently exposed width while the big usability deviation from the native app. In next study, we have to differ from good and weakness in Hybrid webapp between native app, so excellent and smart guideline would be developed successful smart contents in center of application users.


Twitter is increasingly important for political outreach and networking around the world. While electoral politics and social relations in India are heavily organized by caste, a broader rhetoric of castelessness among upper-caste politicians has led to the eschewing of caste publicly to appear strategically secular. This has rendered caste dynamics more implicit than explicit. Social media, often cited as a tool for inclusion, offers a unique look into the networks of covert exclusion. Our study analyzes three structural properties of the Twitter network of Members of Parliament in India - influence, bridging capital, and mutual connectivity, to understand how caste manifests as social capital in the information economy. Our results show that those higher in the caste hierarchy are structurally poised for higher social capital through higher influence, incoming bridging capital, and higher propensity for mutual connections with other MPs in the network. Our study offers a methodological window into these invisible relations to show how structural advantages of Brahmanical supremacy are being co-produced and stabilized on social media at the highest level of politics.


Aim: Iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) is a common disorder in pediatric patients. There are a limited number of studies having controversial results in investigating red blood cell (RBC) deformability and aggregation in adult IDA patients. The aim of this study is to determine the change of hemorheological parameters, including RBC deformability, aggregation, and plasma and whole blood viscosity, in children with IDA following iron supplementation therapy. Materials and Methods: The study was performed on 20 children with IDA (average age 35.5 ± 6.5 months) and 20 age-matched healthy children. The anemia group was treated with 5 mg/kg/day peroral iron for 2 months. Hematological and hemorheological parameters were determined before and after treatment. An ectacytometer was used for the assessment of RBC deformability and aggregation and a cone-plate rotational viscometer for plasma and whole blood viscosities. Hematological parameters were determined using an electronic hematology analyzer. Results: Although IDA resulted in a decrement in RBC deformability, aggregation, plasma, and whole blood viscosities, these parameters returned to control values after iron supplementation therapy. Serum ferritin levels and hematological parameters (Hb, MCV, MCH, MCHC) that were lower in IDA patients were also found to be increased after treatment. Conclusion: Iron treatment not only reverses the symptoms of anemia but also may contribute to blood flow regulation by causing increments in the alterations observed in hemorheological parameters during anemia.


Uremic pruritus remains a frequent concern for hemodialysis patients with the most frustrating and disabling symptoms. The word uremic may denote that patients suffer from acute renal injury. Hence it is preferred to use the recent term "chronic kidney disease associated pruritus" (CKDassociated pruritus). The prevalence of CKD-associated pruritus in patients ranges from 15%-90% in various studies. Interestingly, in CKD associated pruritus the skin lesions are not found. The various skin lesions which range from excoriations, impetigo, linear crusts, papules and ulcers are secondary. Other co-existing diseases like cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, hypothyroidism, chronic liver or hematological diseases may challenge the diagnosis and management. The pathophysiology remains unexplained. There may be an imbalance between the antagonistic activities of μand] κ-opioid receptors. Itch sensation are correlated with the activation of certain areas in the brain, spatial and temporal aspects may be processed in the primary somatosensory cortex, planning of scratch response in the pre-motor and supplementary motor cortices, and affective and motivational aspects in the anterior cingulate cortex. A number of different mechanisms have been proposed like xerosis, transdermal water loss, accumulation of pruritogenic substances, increase in parathyroid hormone levels, high levels of urea, calcium, phosphate, β-2 microglobulin but none are convincing. Because of the poorly understood patho-physiological mechanisms the treatment of this condition, have been largely empirical. Reduced hydration may be alleviated by simple emollient therapy. Antihistamines have been widely prescribed in spite of lack of best evidence. UVB phototherapy helps many patients. Anti convulsant, gabapentin may have beneficial effect. Other ole remedies include fish oil, omega 3 fatty acids, IV heparin, thalidomide, lidocaine and mexitine. Recent studies demonstrated that nalfurafine as a systemic agent for two weeks would benefit most patients. All these treatment modalities are best only in addition to the dialysis related treatment like renal dialysis, erythropoietin and renal transplantation. Introduction Uremic pruritus with the most frustrating and disabling symptoms is a challenge to dermatologist, physician and nephrologist. The term "uremic pruritus" has been replaced by Patel etal.in the recent times as pruritus in these patients is not directly linked to acute kidney injury. Hence new term has been proposed as "Chronic Kidney Disease" (CKD) associated pruritus [1-4]. Patients with CKD not only suffer from pruritus but also from other co morbid conditions like drug induced reactions, diabetes mellitus, hypo/hyper thyroidism, lympho proliferative tumours and other neurologic, gastrointestinal and cardiovascular complications which may further complicate the treatment of pruritus [5]. CKD associated pruritus remains a frequent and sometimes a tormenting problem in patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD). Many studies were done in depth to analyze the factors behind this itch. All these were more contradictory rather than contributory. During the last two decades much importance were given for metabolic derangements and involvement of immune systems. Based on these findings, CKDassociated pruritus is now considered as systemic rather than an isolated skin disease. Hence understanding the pathophysiology will help in our concepts of management [6]. Pathophysiology The various factors are given in Table 1. Xerosis: Dry skin is present in the majority of patients undergoing dialysis. This could be due to atrophy of sweat or sebaceous glands or both. Some studies confirmed the findings that patients with CKD associated pruritus and level of hydration. There are contradictory reports in one study which claimed that the trans epidermal water loss is also normal in CKD associated pruritus patients [7-10]. Parathyroid hormone levels: Parathyroid hormones are not directly pruritogenic but it causes itching by a high calcium phosphorus product, precipitation of calcium and phosphorus in the skin and by causing mast cells to release histamine [11]. Disappearance of itching after parathyroidectomy is and evident for its involvement [12]. Correspondence to: Prasad PVS, Retd Professor & Dean, Rajah Muthiah Medical College, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu, India, India 608002, Tel: 919894380771; E-mail: email@example.com Received: October 27, 2015; Accepted: November 30, 2015; Published: December 03, 2015 1. Xerosis 2. Parathyroid hormone levels


Flight tests have been performed on two different designs of impact air thermometer, with two thermometers of one design fitted with different sensing elements, in the altitude range from 30,000 ft to 40,000 ft at Mach numbers between 0.50 and 1.82. The performance of these thermometers is described by two parameters, the recovery factor and the time constant, values of which were obtained. The unusual behaviour of the recovery factor for one of the thermometers is discussed. At subsonic speeds it is shown that the normal straight line method of analysis, plotting indicated temperature versus (Mach number)2, can be invalid. At supersonic speeds, the use of an apparent recovery factor, which includes the effects of both the normal shock wave and the thermometer recovery factor, is recommended. There is a large difference between the flight values and some laboratory values of time constant for one of the thermometers which suggests that the normal laboratory tests are not fully representative. The flight test technique has been critically examined and suggestions made for any future investigations into the behaviour of air thermometers. The need for an accurate independent method of measuring static temperature during the tests is stressed.


We examine on-demand multicasting in ad hoc networks. We study a wide range of simulation scenarios and identify key limitations of MAODV. Based on our findings, we propose a number of changes in MAODV, and call the resulting protocol robust multicasting in ad hoc networks using trees (ROMANT). We compare ROMANT to MAODV and ODMRP, for a wide range of simulation scenarios. Our results indicate that ROMANT effectively eliminates the limitations of MAODV. Moreover, it provides comparable or better packet delivery ratio than ODMRP at only a fraction of the overhead incurred by ODMRP.


Artificial vinyl resins such as can be made by the conjoint polymerization of vinyl halides with vinyl esters of aliphatic acids have already received recognition as protective coating materials. These resins are primarily adapted for this function by their outstanding resistance to the atmospheric elements; by their inertness towards chemicals, water, and most common solvents; by their lack of color, odor, taste, or toxicity; by their strength, toughness and flexibility; by their stability towards light and heat, especially when associated with the stabilizing ingredients which have been developed for this purpose; by their ability to be applied by spraying from reason ably concentrated solutions without 'cob webbing'; and by their high finish and durability. Despite these favorable qualities, these resins have previously possessed a defective property prejudicial to their application as coating mate rials for some purposes. This characteristic is the comparatively poor adhesion of the resinous coating to certain smooth surfaces, notably those of glass and metals, unless the protective film is baked. To be effective, the baking Opera tion must be done at relatively high tempera tures of around 350° F., and higher, and for a period of about 30 minutes. Such severe heat treatment necessitates the inclusion of stabiliz ing agents in the resins, and many of the most effective of these, being compounds of lead, may engender an undesirable degree of toxicity under some circumstances. In addition, the tempera tures required are beyond the normal range of many industrial Ovens now in use. Further more, there are many instances where a re sistant coating is required, particularly on large objects already fabricated, such as on the in , terior of tank cars or on metal Surfaces ex teriorly exposed, in which a baked coating is precluded by the location or size of the object coated. To remedy the above defect, various expedients have been attempted without notable improve ment in the adhesion secured. These include the use of different primer coatings, the incor poration of gums and other resins with the Con jointly polymerized resins, and various means of pretreating the surface to be coated. It has now been found that the lack of Suit able adhesiveness of such resins may be obviated by appropriate chemical modification of the resin during polymerization of the substances from which it is formed. This comprises conjointly 0


ABSTRACT: Phillip Humphrey Garland was an icon of New Zealand culture and society. His inquiries into New Zealand folklore enriched those citizens and abroad. Yet his contributions also force a rethinking into assumptions of the purity of any culture and music. He and folk culture transcend elite limitations.Â


Objective:  To evaluate the effects of plasma total homocysteine (tHcyt) and the MTHFR 677C>T polymorphism on determining the intracranial‐ (IC) and extracranial (EC) locations of atherosclerosis.


State Transportation Agencies (STAs) recognized that to enhance the quality of construction documents, a review process must be incorporated into project planning, design, and procurement to evaluate projects for constructability. The benefits promised by constructability reviews (CRs) encouraged STAs to adopt it as part of their operations. This approach soon evolved into a structured process, recognized by researchers and practitioners as, the constructability review process (CRP). A significant component to the CRP success is to involve experienced construction personnel in CRs during the design phase; a major limitation of the traditional design-bid-build (DBB) delivery method. To overcome this limitation, more emphasis is being placed towards alternative project delivery methods (APDMs). As such, design–build (DB) and construction manager/general contractor (CM/GC) are among the APDMs most utilized by STAs to deliver transportation projects. Although extensive research has investigated CRs under DBB projects, research on CRs implementation under APDMs is remarkably absent. This study examines CRs utilization and staffing practices adopted by STAs across DBB, DB, and CM/GC projects. The results of this study were drawn utilizing data collected through a national survey questionnaire and interviews with selected STAs. The study found that CRs are initiated and implemented at proportionally similar phases across DBB, DB, and CM/GC projects. Investigation of staffing needs revealed that although the agency holds the executive role in implementation of CRs on DBB projects, their role shifts on DB projects to become more administrative. The agency continues to be involved in CRs under CM/GC projects, along with their allocated design consultant, in conjunction with the GC. The results of this study are anticipated to provide STAs with guidance for CRs utilization on DBB, DB and CM/GC projects.


This paper pointed out by analysis that there has two aspects of "hardware" and "software",which effect of the sports game on sport-for-all in the host city.The former including the basic construction of city,living conditions and zoology environment,stadium and palaestra,and the investment of sport-for all;the latter consists of positivity of participating in the mass sports activities,social and economic effects on the sports game.The purpose is to offer some useful suggestions for the further execution and development of the plan of sport-for-all.


With the rise of behavioural economics has come the belief that decision-making biases justify paternalistic policies. Such views challenge the notion of consumer sovereignty and the validity of traditional approaches of economic welfare analysis. While behavioural economics might improve the effectiveness of policies that are already justified on some other market-failure grounds, this article argues that the existence of cognitive failures, alone, do not justify government regulation. If one abandons the idea that consumers know what is in their best interest, judging the merits of policies becomes arbitrary and reflects only what a paternalist wants for others. The typical behavioural economic experiment occurs with college students devoid of real-world context. The biases found in such setting may not extrapolate well to conditions where people have more experience and knowledge, and where they can learn from past mistakes. Even when behavioural biases persist in the 'real world', consumers face incentives to engage in activities that protect them from the adverse consequences of the biases, and public policies that shield people from such consequences reduce incentives to self-regulate. The article concludes with some ideas for future research and a discussion of the merits of freedom of choice.


The results of the reduced energy for commercial air transportation studies on air transportation energy efficiency improvement alternatives are reviewed along with subsequent design studies of advanced turboprop powered transport aircraft. The application of this research to short-haul transportation is discussed. The results of several recent turboprop aircraft design are included. The potential fuel savings and cost savings for advanced turboprop aircraft appear substantial, particularly at shorter ranges.


This paper analyzes the impact of current sensing inaccuracies due to aging and ambient condition variations on robust operation of PV inverter systems. A novel index for analyzing the robustness of grid-tied AC-stacked PV inverter architectures has been used, which provides an opportunity for comprehensive robustness evaluation by considering four major operational characteristics of grid-tied PV inverters as efficiency, Total Harmonic Distortion (THD), Power Factor (PF) compliance, and Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) effectiveness. In addition, a comparative analysis between a single inverter and an AC-stacked inverter configuration is provided to study the impact of AC-stacking on robust operation of grid-tied PV inverters. This paper also proposes a possible state estimation solution for improving the robustness of the system using Kalman filter approach.


Previous studies have suggested that increases in heart rate (HR) may represent the primary mechanism available to the newborn for increasing cardiac output (CO). In this study, we examined the independent effects of HR and afterload changes on CO in newborn lambs. Atrioventricular node ablation was performed in eight newborn lambs (3-10 days of age) by formalin injection, and the right ventricle was paced at a HR of 200 (baseline). Nine studies were performed in young lambs (less than 12 days of age), and nine studies in older lambs (greater than 12 days of age). CO/kg increased progressively with increasing HR. The maximum CO/kg attained was similar for both groups, but this was achieved at a higher HR in the younger lambs. From a baseline HR of 200, the maximum increase in CO/kg attained by increasing HR was 6.7% in the younger lambs, and 8.9% in the older lambs. At lower HR's (70/min), oxygen consumption (VO2) decreased, and systemic vascular resistance (SVR) increased. With a fixed HR of 200, nitroprusside caused an increase in CO/kg of 10.5% in the younger lambs, and 11.8% in the older lambs. Phenylephrine caused a decrease in CO/kg of 19.3% in the younger lambs, and 10.6% in the older lambs. HR above baseline has limited value in increasing CO in newborn lambs. At lower HR's, CO and VO2 fall, and SVR increases. Decreasing afterload produces modest increases in CO. Increasing afterload results in decreases in CO, and these changes were most striking in the younger lambs.


The prognosis in ovarian carcinoma, the most lethal of the gynecologic neoplasms, is poor and has changed little in the last three decades. Only a small number respond to antiestrogen therapy, although the classic estrogen receptor, ER-α, has been identified in ovarian surface epithelium, from which approximately 90% of ovarian cancers originate. We have previously shown that ER-β mRNA is most abundant in human fetal ovaries, suggesting that it might play an important role in ovarian development. Therefore, we investigated the mRNA levels of both ERs in normal ovaries, ovarian serous cystadenocarcinomas, granulosa cells from patients undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF), the ovarian surface epithelium cell line IOSE-Van, and the ovarian cancer cell lines SKOV3, HEY and OCC1. Northern blots of normal and neoplastic ovaries were hybridized with an ER-β riboprobe that spans the A/B domain. We detected two major hybridizing bands at approximately 8 and 10 kb. An RNase protection assay using the same probe ...


At the end of the Late Bronze Age, there were events taking place in the history of the Eurasian steppes that manifested the beginning of the formation of cultures of the Scythian type. These processes, in many aspects triggered by the climate changes, spread into both southern taiga and forest-steppe territories of Western Siberia. In understanding the processes of the transitional period from the Bronze to Early Iron Age and beginning of the Early Iron Age in the southern taiga and forest-steppe Ishim River Basin, a major role pertains to the materials of the multi-layered hillfort of Borki 1, in the study of which, as well as of the cultures of the concerned period in ge-neral, a significant contribution was made by E.M. Danchenko (1991, 1996). The site is located nearby the village of Borki of Vikulovo District, Tyumen Oblast. This paper aims at the analysis and introduction into the scientific discourse of the materials of the Zhuravlevo type from the excavation trench of 2014 with the clean archaeological layer of the beginning of the Early Iron Age. During this period, the fortified platform of the hillfort was overbuilt with dwellings of the above-ground type, probably timber crib. The Zhuravlevo ware of the settlement finds its closest similarities in the materials of the sites of the Lower Ishim Basin: the settlement of Borovlyanka 2, hillfort of Lastochkino Gnezdo 1, fortified settlement of Maray 4, as well as the sites of Yamsysa 7, Kip 3, Novonikolskoe 3 and others in the southern-taiga Ishim-Irtysh area. Differences in the pottery and material culture assemblages even within a range of the Zhuravlevo complexes, not to mention the later ones of the Bogochanovo type, which have certain continuity with the aforementioned complexes, help to reveal evolutionary development of the culture of the transitional period in the Lower Ishim Basin and to raise the issue of the revision of its chronology and peri-odization. Giving the studies of E.M. Danchenko credit for unification of the Zhuravlevo and Bogochanovo types within the framework of the Bogochanovo Culture of the Early Iron Age, we believe that it would be more logical to consider earlier, Zhuravlevo, materials as a stage in the development of the Krasnoozerka Culture. The existence of the latter we tend to define from the mergence of the Suzgun and Atlym complexes to the formation of the steady Sargatka Culture. In spite of certain dissimilarities in the ware originating from the forest-steppe territories of the Lower Tobol River Basin, Ishim-Irtysh interfluve, Baraba and the Ob River Basin, it still seems that the pro-cesses of the development of the cultures of the concerned period in these regions have similarity in many as-pects. There is a notable uniformity in the bronze assemblages of the sites of these and much wider territories. Products, similar to those found at the hillfort of Borki 1, are present in the complexes of the steppe belt of Eurasia from Tuva to the Circumpontic area and date to, most likely, the period within the 8th–6th cc. BC.


The community in Department of Information System and Management interact to one another by using manual announcement, discussion with lecturers and lecturer's
note distribution. Electronic community or virtual community is not a new phenomenon in information technology as it evolves rapidly nowadays. Most of the communities today use the electronic community as a field of sharing and distributing all sort of
information among the community. Thus, the E-Komuniti Forum Diskusi tries to use the concept of sharing and distributing information as well as forum discussion among the Department of Information Systems community. A research of as-is systems of sharing
and distributing academicals information such as announcement, lecture notes and discussion has been done among the department's community. Prototype methodology is used to develop this project. Active Server Pages (ASP) is used as a scripting language
with Macromedia MX 2004 as the editor of the text. Microsoft SQL Server 2000 is used to develop the database.


Rheological and mechanical properties as well as long term volume stability seem to be the target characteristics in developing SCC for concrete applications. Calcareous fly ash as mineral admixture in concrete mixtures often increases water demand for a required consistency. This does not favor the proportioning of SCC with this fly ash since viscous mixtures of low mobility are produced. However, calcareous fly ash exhibits noticeable self-cementing capacity and could replace a high volume of Portland cement. In this experimental work, a calcareous fly ash replaced cement in different proportions up to 50% by mass and the effects on rheological properties and mechanical characteristics were measured, as well as shrinkage deformations. All necessary modifications in proportioning and mixing are also mentioned. Based on the results, the production of SCC of adequate 28-day strength (50 MPa) with high volume calcareous fly ash can be achieved.


In a coloring of a set of points P with respect to a family of regions one requires that in every region containing at least two points from P , not all the points are of the same color. Perhaps the most notorious open case is coloring of n points in the plane with respect to axis-parallel rectangles, for which it is known that O(n) colors always suffice, and Ω(log n/ log log n) colors are sometimes necessary. In this note we give a simple proof showing that every set P of n points in the plane can be colored with O(log n) colors such that every axis-parallel rectangle that contains at least three points from P is non-monochromatic.


In this article the author analyzes material and procedural features of international individual's bankruptcy petition in Russian Federation. Actuality of this topic is confirmed by the increasing amount of cross-border insolvency proceedings (bankruptcy)while there are a lot of unsolved collisions in the national law of different countries


Discussions around energy have become increasingly prevalent in the public and political sphere. Debates around fracking versus renewable energy technologies, or growing energy global consumption v...


Political tolerance is defined as the willingness to extend civil liberties to all people in society, even to those whom you may disagree with. Prior studies within the field have focused on the rural-urban divide in explaining political tolerance. The purpose of this study is to examine if there is a difference in the level of political tolerance amongst high school students living in rural versus urban setting. Further, the study explores what other possible factors could explain political tolerance. The results of the study indicate that there are no statistically significant difference in the level of political tolerance among rural and urban youth. Instead, religiosity and perceived threat to the nation's democracy proved to be significant in explaining political tolerance.


In recent years, logistics systems with multiple suppliers and plants in neighboring regions have been flourishing worldwide. However, high logistics costs remain a problem for such systems due to lack of information sharing and cooperation. This paper proposes an extended mathematical model that minimizes transportation and pipeline inventory costs via the many-to-many Milk-run routing mode. Because the problem is NP hard, a two-stage heuristic algorithm is developed by comprehensively considering its characteristics. More specifically, an initial satisfactory solution is generated in the first stage through a greedy heuristic algorithm to minimize the total number of vehicle service nodes and the best insertion heuristic algorithm to determine each vehicle's route. Then, a simulated annealing algorithm (SA) with limited search scope is used to improve the initial satisfactory solution. Thirty numerical examples are employed to test the proposed algorithms. The experiment results demonstrate the effectiveness of this algorithm. Further, the superiority of the many-to-many transportation mode over other modes is demonstrated via two case studies.


We make use of the ASAGAO, deep 1.2 mm continuum observations of a 26 arcmin 2 region in the GOODS-South field obtained with ALMA, to probe dust-enshrouded star formation in K -band selected (i.e., stellar mass selected) galaxies, which are drawn from the ZFOURGE catalog. Based on the ASAGAO combined map, which was created by combining ASAGAO and ALMA archival data in the GOODS-South field, we find that 24 ZFOURGE sources have 1.2 mm counterparts with a signal-to-noise ratio > 4.5 (1 σ ≃ 30–70 µ Jy beam − 1 at 1.2 mm). Their median redshift is estimated to be z median = 2.38 ± 0.14. They generally follow the tight relationship of the stellar mass versus star formation rate (i.e., the main sequence of star-forming galaxies). ALMA-detected ZFOURGE sources exhibit systematically larger infrared (IR) excess (IRX ≡ L IR /L UV ) compared to ZFOURGE galaxies without ALMA detections even though they have similar redshifts, stellar masses, and star formation rates. This implies the consensus stellar-mass versus IRX relation, which is known to be tight among rest-frame-UV-selected galaxies, can not fully predict the ALMA detectability of stellar-mass-selected galaxies. We find that ALMA-detected ZFOURGE sources are the main contributors to the cosmic IR star formation rate density at z = 2–3.


The home range of Desmognathus fuscus was studied along a gridsystem of stream consisting of 12 zones, each 3 m long. The mean activity radius (MAR) of recaptured animals averaged 1.14 ? 0.08 m; the mean distance traversed along the stream (x = 2.3 m) was about twice the MAR. Salamanders remained within 3 m of their original capture site for 15 to 87 days (x = 55.8 days). The home range was found to be less than 3 m along the stream. In the homing study, anosmic, blinded, sham treated, and normal salamanders were displaced downstream at 3 m intervals, ranging from 3 to 30 m; controls were returned to their original capture site. The homing performances of sham treated and blindeddisplaced animals were not significantly different from the normal-displaced animals; significantly fewer anosmic salamanders homed, most accepting the release site. The homing ability of the anosmic salamanders was significant since nearly all that homed returned from only a 3 m displacement. Only anosmic animals were disoriented after leaving the release site. Normal, sham treated, and blinded salamanders that homed remained home, some for at least 63 days. Over 95% of the control animals remained within 3 m of their home zone. These observations support the hypothesis that an olfactory mechanism rather than an optic and/or extraoptic mechanism dominates the homing behavior of D. fuscus.


The aim of this study was to investigat the lipid peroxidation of plasma as a marker of oxidant-induced protein damage the effects of oxygen radicals on glycated-hemoglobin and to find out the relationship between the increase level of Malondialdehyde (MDA) on HbA1C, lipid profiles and FBS (Fasting Blood Sugar) in patients with type 2 diabetes. This randomized study included 200 individuals, 100 cases had history of diabetic for at least 3 years (file in Isfehan hospital, Diabetic Center of Medical Sciences University) and 100 cases as the control group without history of diabetes. In both groups, level of MDA, FBS, lipid profiles and HbA1C were determined in fasting blood samples. Results showed that MDA level in diabetic patients was significantly (p<0.005) higher (0.9222 ± 0.3 μmol/L) than those in the control group (0.7428 ± 0.04μmol/L). The same was also true (p<0.05) for the level of HbA1C (9.387 ± 2.4 mg/dl in diabetic patients and 7.356 ± 1.0 mg/dl in the control group) and the FBS (163.31 ± 56mg/dl in patient group and 85.740 ± 10.1 in the control group). Furthermore, the concentration of, LDL significantly was higher (p<0.05) and the HDL level were significantly lower (p<0.05) in case group as compared to control group. The increased plasma lipid peroxidation and decreased plasma HDL that we observed in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus indicated that these may predispose to the development of cardiovascular complications.


The modeling of the atom-by-atom growth of extended defects is coupled to the diffusion equations of boron by transferring the free interstitial supersaturation calculated with a defect model into a process simulator. Two methods to achieve this coupling (equilibrium method and fully coupled method, respectively) are presented and tested against a variety of experimental conditions. They are first applied to a transient enhanced diffusion experiment carried out on a structure containing several B delta-doped layers, in which the amount of diffusion of the different layers is accurately predicted. The fully coupled method is then used to simulate the diffusion of ultrashallow B-implanted profiles. This work definitely demonstrates the relevance of accurate physical defect models for the successful design of ultrashallow junctions in future generations of integrated circuits.


Clinical commissioning groups (CCGs), part of the UK's National Health Service (NHS) since April 2013, are complex organizations requiring buy-in by GPs for strategic success. CCG budgetary deficits and lack of sustained engagement by GPs are a problem. This paper utilizes evidence of GP experience in commissioning models to determine the factors that may influence engagement in the governance of CCGs by GPs, which is crucial if clinically-led commissioning is to be part of a financially sustainable NHS.


This paper presents an overview of the DynaNet system, a comprehensive computational framework for the generation, design, simulation and evaluation of dynamic wireless networks. The term dynamic is used to encapsulate the characteristic that the network nodes (base stations) can move freely during network operation, enabling point-to-point links between nodes to be formed or broken.


Pollock, C. J. (2005). Shutting the stable door after the horse has bolted? Risk assessment and regulation for transgenic forages. Page 244 in: Humphreys, M. O. (Ed.), Molecular Breeding for the Genetic Improvement of Forage Crops and Turf. Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on the Molecular Breeding of Forage and Turf. XXth International Grassland Congress, July 2005, Aberystwyth, Wales.


After rectifying volatile matters obtained from KP cooking of hardwoods in the factory, boiling point, specific gravity, refractive index, optical rotation, infra red spectrophotometry was observed.The results are as follows.1) On the crude condensed volatile matters, physical differences are seen considerably between the hardwoods (L) and the softwoods (N).2) The components of essential oil in the crude condensed volatile matters of the hardwoods are comparatively high boiling point.3) The coloured and bad smelled low boiling point components (aldehyde, ketone, alcohol, furan) were fined in the hardwoods, but not in the softwoods.4) The content of α-pinene in the crude condensed volatile matters of the hardwoods is about 40% and less than softwoods but not so differences are seen.5) The rectified and nearly confirmed components are mixtures of alcohol, ketone, aldehyde, furan, and then α-pinene, dl-limonene, cadinene, azulene.


The subject of this paper is the creation of knowledge bases by enumerating and organizing all web occurrences of certain subgraphs. We focus on subgraphs that are signatures of web phenomena such as tightly-focused topic communities, webrings, taxonomy trees, keiretsus, etc. For instance, the signature of a webring is a central page with bidirectional links to a number of other pages. We develop novel algorithms for such enumeration problems. A key technical contribution is the development of a model for the evolution of the web graph, based on experimental observations derived from a snapshot of the web. We argue that our algorithms run efficiently in this model, and use the model to explain some statistical phenomena on the web that emerged during our experiments. Finally, we describe the design and implementation of Campfire, a knowledge base of over one hundred thousand web communities.


Aiming at leakage phenomenon of some X65  323.9 mm × 6.4 mm longitudinal HFW pipe during hydraulic pressure test,the flattening test for leakage steel pipe was conducted,and the fracture appearance was analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscope(SEM).The result indicated that the penetrating crack,which was caused by welding defects in weld center,is main reason for leakage.This kind of welding defects will extend to inside and outside surface and crack,under external force.


ABSTRACT Forty-four majority-minority cities formed in the United States between 1990 and 2010. Why did these cities form in Black, Hispanic, Asian, Native-American majority and other non-White communities? Do these cities form to escape annexation, improve services, and control land use, as most new cities do? Or are other factors at play, such as race and social justice? Using a detailed content analysis, we explore the genesis of newly incorporated municipalities in non-White communities. Our findings reveal that while most majority-minority cities form due to standard stimuli, some majority-minority cities form in direct response to racism (rebound incorporations, environmental racism, and under-provision of services). Moreover, when compared to all new cities, majority-minority cities form more often due to nuisances and less often due to annexation threats and growth control, thus illuminating the role institutional racism plays in municipal incorporation.


SVATOS, M., KOPECKÝ, Z., ROUSEK, M.: Eff ects of the technolology of machining on the surface quality of selected wood. Acta univ. agric. et silvic. Mendel. Brun., 2011, LIX, No. 6, pp. 329-336 The paper deals with the dependence of using basic types of machining technologies on the surface quality of most common wood. In wood-processing industry, cutting by circular-saw blades and milling are the most oen used technology to machining wood materials. The quality and accuracy of the machining are derived from the machine construction, shape and the amount of saw teeth, kind of wood species, feed per tooth and the size of the tool. Research was carried out on an experimental milling stand at setting various feed speeds and the spindle rpm, on an experimental cutting stand at using three types of circular-saw blades in the fi eld of optimum and resonance rpm. Evaluation of the surface quality was carried out on a top multisensor apparatus Taylor Hobson-Talysurf CLI 1000 using a contactless method by a confocal sensor. Soware equipment of a powerful computer was provided by the Talymap platinum program. Tree species were evaluated generally from the aspect of roughness and waviness altogether. An expert evaluation is carried out from two aspects. The fi rst aspect is selection of the best technology for actual wood and the second aspect is selection of the best species for the actual technology. Particular relationships between wood and technology are evidently best described by graphs. milling, cutting, surface quality, roughness, waviness


Lunar dust is one of important constituents of the moon exosphere. The dust particles are supplied from a regolith layer covering the moon surface. A number of dust transport mechanisms such as the dynamic fountain model have been proposed to explain the existence of submicron-sized dust particles even at the altitude of 100 km. It is widely believed that an electrostatic effect as a result of interactions with surrounding plasma play an important role in the dust mobilization and transport processes. In the present study, we assess the lunar electric and dust environment near a complex landscape on the moon by means of particle simulations. The particle-in-cell simulation reproduces an electric environment resulting from electrodynamic interactions among a solar wind plasma, a photoelectron cloud, and a solid lunar surface. The obtained environment is utilized for subsequent dust dynamics simulations. The dust dynamics computations are based on the test-particle approach. Although inter-dust direct interactions are excluded under assumption of low dust density, a time-variable charge on each dust grain, due to collection or emission of plasma particles, is taken into consideration based on the Monte-Carlo approach. Our numerical simulations showed that the stochastic charging of small dust grains plays a crucial role in dust levitation as well as dust mobilization across the sunlight-shadow interface.


Although additional papers of this series are in preparation, it is considered appropriate to publish the completed ones at this time and to present this interim, tabulated, summary of the preceding five papers to assist the reader in the recognition of the forms with which we have already dealt. Other forms occur on conifers in the mountainous regions of western Canada and the United States that are not well known taxonomically. When studies on them are completed, it is the intention to prepare a final summary of all work that has been done on this subject.


Field therapy in patients with multiple facial actinic keratoses (AKs) is important for preventing the development of new, clinically visible lesions and squamous cell carcinoma. Yet, for a number of reasons, including the need for prolonged topical treatment and poor tolerability, field therapy is widely underused.


An effective approach to teaching a computer language to a novice student would draw on the student's knowledge of another language-notably one on which he has a firm handle. This language could serve as a frame of reference. Unfortunately, this is not done by current computer programming teaching methods, instead a "those who can will" or the "sink or swim" method is often implemented; resulting in many floating cadavers in the ocean of academia. With the present methods many beginning students are bewildered with cryptic syntax and unclear concepts. Not surprisingly, they typically drop out and give up altogether. The blame often fails on their supposed inaptitude. We propose a kinder and gentler pedagogy that uses English grammar as a base to convey C language rudimentary concepts. This paper brings forth C's grammatical gears as they relate to those of English. This is not a tutorial in the rudiments of C but an orientation to another point of view.


EVANS AND BURR (1) discovered that ovarian hormone was more effica-cious when administered subcutaneously than when injected into the peritoneal cavity. The significance of this finding was clarified when Zondek (2) found that estrogen is rapidly inactivated in the animal body. He showed that liver mash could inactivate estrogen in vitro whereas mash from other organs was ineffective. An enzyme, estrinase, was postulated as the substance responsible for the inactivation. Subsequently Israel, Meranzie and Johnston (3) have shown by means of an heart-lung-liver perfusion experiment that estrogen is destroyed when the liver is present, but not when the liver is removed from the system. Recently Heller, Heller and Sevringhaus (4) re-ported that estradiol and estriol were completely inactivated by rat liver slices in vitro. Rat lung, spleen and uterus caused no decrease in potency, while rat kidney caused only a slight decrease.


To evaluate and improve the performances of control and protection strategies for large-scale AC grids, simulation models that can adopt a much larger time-step, provide instantaneous and wide frequency-band phasor values simultaneously are desirable. However, the traditional electromagnetic transient (EMT) model is numerically expensive and the transient stability (TS) model only preserves low-frequency dynamics. To resolve these issues, the shifted frequency phasor (SFP) modelling is generalised based on specific matrix transformations and SFP models of typical components in large-scale AC grids are derived hereafter. Unlike traditional models, the SFP models can produce instantaneous and wide frequency-band phasor waveforms simultaneously, while the latter matches the envelopes of the former exactly. Moreover, the simulation efficiency is dramatically improved by adopting a much larger time-step. The performance concerning the accuracy and efficiency is compared with the traditional EMT and TS models by simulating a practical large-scale AC grid under different scenarios.


Because of the environmental considerations, recycling is becoming a very important factor in any production planning within the fiber industry and textile industrial sectors. One of the determining factors for recycling of fibrous assemblies into fiber is the spinnability of the incoming material. The hypothesis underlying the present work is that by carrying out rheological analysis of the polymer melt it should be possible to predict the state and level of degradation of the polymeric fibrous waste material—hence its spinnability. Our experimental studies show that a melt spinning grade polypropylene could be recycled five times without significant decreases in fiber properties. Afterward, the fiber production failed in the cold-drawing step before melt rupture occurred in the draw-down step. Rheological analysis of the melt in long-term stability experiments showed that unspinnable melts show an abrupt change in loss factor at a certain level of loss and storage modulus. The reasons for this behavior are associated to changes in molecular weight, viscosity, and melt strength. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 73: 1859–1867, 1999


The sudden death of Alan Turing on 7 June 1954 deprived mathematics and science of a great original mind at the height of its power. After some years of scientific indecision, since the end of the war, Turing had found, in his chemical theory of growth and form, a theme that gave the fullest scope for his rare combination of abilities, as a mathematical analyst with a flair for machine computing, and a natural philosopher full of bold original ideas. The preliminary report of 1952, and the account that will appear posthumously, describe only his first rough sketch of this theory, and the unfulfilled design must remain a painful reminder of the loss that his early death has caused to science. Alan Mathison Turing was born in London on 23 June 1912, the son of Julius Mathison Turing, of the Indian Civil Service, and of Ethel Sara Turing (néeStoney). The name 'Turing' is of Scottish, perhaps ultimately of Norman origin, the final g being an addition made by Sir William Turing, of Aberdeenshire, in the reign of James VI and I. The Stoneys, an English-Irish family of Yorkshire origin, produced some distinguished physicists and engineers in the nineteenth century, three of whom became Fellows of the Society; and Edith A. Stoney was one of the early women equal-to-wranglers at Cambridge (bracketed with 17th Wrangler, 1893). Alan Turing's interest in science began early and never wavered. Both at his preparatory schools and later at Sherborne, which he entered in 1926, the contrast between his absorbed interest in science and mathematics, and his indifference to Latin and 'English subjects' perplexed and distressed his teachers, bent on giving him a well-balanced education.


A Study on Thermal Effect and Medication Compliance of Red Ginseng Extract Purpose: To evaluate thermal effect and medication compliance of red ginseng extract. Methods: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over clinical study was performed. Twenty four healthy, married women aged 30-45 years with FSFI score below 25 were randomly divided into two groups; red ginseng group(N=12) and placebo group(N=12). During the first 6-week period (Study1), each group was dosed with red ginseng or placebo twice a day. Before starting the second 6-week period(Study2), a crossover design was chosen with a 2-week break(Washout period). Interchanging two groups after Washout period, red ginseng and placebo were dosed to each group. The efficacy of thermal effect was measured with subjective warm sensation scale and lower abdomen temperature by Digital Infrared Thermographic imaging(DITI) before and after each 6-week period. A medication compliance was assessed after each 6-week period and the correlation medication compliance between Sasang Constitution and subjective warm sensation was analyzed. Results: Overall 23 participants completed the study. In subjective warm sensation scale, after taking placebo, all participants exhibited an improving trend, but there was no significant difference. In lower abdomen temperature by DITI, statistically significant objective thermal effect of red ginseng was also not shown. A medication compliance was higher in Yin constitution(Taeumin, Soeumin), and showed an upward trend with decreasing subjective warm sensation. But no statistically significant difference was exhibited. Conclusion: Statistically significant thermal effect of red ginseng was not shown in this study. We anticipate if a long-term clinical trial is practiced, significant thermal effect of red ginseng will be shown.


Vanadium was extracted out of stone coal from a mine in Southwest of China by hydrometallurgy,leached heating in oxidant and acid-dilute.Experimental results showed that the recovery rate of the Vanadium was above 68% and the quality of the product achieved the 99 level of YB/T5304-2006.Compared with the traditional roasting,this method had no waste-gas of roasting,higher product quality and fewer pollution.


[Objective]This paper discusses the mixed application effect of the PBL,case - based teaching methods in emergency clinical nursing rounds and ward-rounding by nursing students as main parts.[Method]We took the comparative study methods,and divided 98 nursing students into 2 groups:normal clinical nursing group(48 persons) and observer group(SO persons). The former group adopted traditional teaching methods,and the latter group applied the mixed teaching methods by the PBL,case - based teaching methods and ward - rounding by nursing students as main parts.And in the end,we compared the satisfaction,and analysis the result.[Result]The observer group preceded the normal clinical nursing group in satisfaction in many aspects,such as studying initiative and independence,knowledge,collaborative spirit,solving problem ability and oral expression,the-differences were statistically significant.[Conclusion]Using the PBL teaching methods,we can translate students' subjective initiative,inspire nursing students' study interests and their sense of participation,strengthen the synthetical analysis and the self- studying ability for nursing students,promote the teach- study interaction and improve the ward- round effects.


With the development of the rock mass joints and the increase in the excavation depth of the slope, the failure of the anti-dipping rock slope has occurred from time to time, which has attracted the attention of scholars. Taking a proposed highway cutting slope as the research object, establish a finite element model for the excavation of a high anti-dipping rock slope. The strength reduction method is used to calculate the safety factor of the slope, stability and excavation response are also analyzed. The results show that the horizontal displacement of the rock mass caused by excavation is small, the vertical displacement is mainly concentrated near the excavation area of the slope, and the upward unloading rebound is mainly; As the excavation progresses, the maximum shear strain develops from the silty clay and strongly weathered sandy mudstone in the shallow ground to the slope toe. In the actual construction process, it is recommended to pay attention to the failure of the rock mass at the step slope toe. The safety factor of the slope gradually decreases as the excavation progresses. When the first-level slope is excavated, it is still in a stable state. The research results can provide a reference for anti-dipping slopes with similar characteristics.


New multiplex, label-free methods for the sensitive and quantitative detection of serum proteins are highly desirable, as they have the potential to dramatically accelerate biomedical research in the age of multi-omic, big data driven personalized medicine. We have used Arrayed Imaging Reflectometry (AIR™), a label-free protein microarray technology that relies on the target binding-induced perturbation of an antireflective coating on the surface of a silicon chip, to create a multiplex antibody array for the detection of human serum cytokines and inflammatory markers. The chip is able to provide quantitative information about protein concentrations, with limits of detection in picograms per mL. Provided in a standard 96-well microplate format, the label-free nature of the array will permit rapid expansion in plex size and enable simple, flexible creation of custom panels as there are no secondary antibodies or labels to cross-react. Here we demonstrate validation parameters of sensitivity, precision, and accuracy for inflammatory markers (>20) in a new multiplex technology suitable for analyzing trends across cytokine and inflammatory marker profiles comparable to traditional ELISAs. With array capabilities from low to hundreds of plex combined with a hands-free, automation-friendly workflow enabled by the Ziva instrument, the technology has been designed for the ultimate user-experience.


Environment signifies the sum total of all external conditions and influences affecting the development and life of organisms.' The unity and interdependence existing within biological systems and their interaction with the environment is called the ecosystem.2 This interdependency between the living organism and the matters from which they derive their source of life and subsistence, such as food, water and air greatly determines their continued existence. For instance, man by his very constitution is made up of more than 30 elements derived from the natural environment.3 Therefore, to guarantee the continued supply of fresh air, uncontaminated food, unpolluted water and other provisions of life for humans and other living creatures in the animal kingdom, and plants, a harmonious, balanced and integrated approach by the human, as the architect master of creation is fundamentally essential. Nevertheless, the human due to his loss of vision and value when interacting with the environment has inflicted irreparable damage to its wholesome existence and has corrupted its content to the extent that it has brought the future of the whole ecosystem and his own self to the brink of annihilation. For instance, man in the pursuit of his greed to maximise profit and attain economic growth has polluted the land, air and water by deforestation, industrial waste spillage, release of active chemical wastes, etc. This has resulted in the destruction of the animal population both in water as well as in the sea, due to the destruction of their natural habitat.4 The culpable destruction by humans of forests by burning, the exhaust gases emitted from their cars, industries, etc. has increased the level of


Aim: The aim of the present systematic review was to assess the effect of cryopreservation on the human periodontal ligament (PDL) stem cells and their ability for periodontal regeneration. Materials and Methods: An electronic search without time restrictions was conducted up to August 2017 in indexed databases using the combination of different keywords including cryopreservation, cryofixation, vitrification and human periodontal ligament stem cells. The exclusion criteria included reviews, commentaries, letters to the editor, interviews and updates. The relevant articles were included and data extraction was processed. Results: Dimethyl sulphoxide was used as a cryoprotectant in all the studies which yielded good results. The magnetic freezing proves to be better than the normal freezer. The cryopreserved cells showed no significant difference for viability, proliferation, and regenerative capacities as compared to the fresh human PDL stem cells (PDLSCs), in vitro as well as in vivo. Conclusion: Cryopreservation of the human PDLSCs would serve as an opportunity for future regenerative therapy for the periodontium.


The metastability associated with the first-order transition from the normal to the superfluid phase is investigated in the phase diagram of two-component polarized Fermi gases. We begin by detailing the dominant decay processes of single quasiparticles, determining the momentum thresholds of each process and calculating their rates. This understanding is then applied to a Fermi sea of polarons, and we predict a region of metastability for the normal partially polarized phase. We propose experiments to observe the threshold of the metastable region, the interaction strength at which the quasiparticle ground state changes character, and the decay rate of polarons.


An inspection device (30) using a functional light source (31), characterized in comprising: an RGB camera (32), which is a measurement device capable of measuring reflected light and outputting measurement values thereof; a functional light source (31) that uses the color white as the color of the light source by selecting a narrowband light source having three or more mutually different peak wavelengths, controlling the conditions of lights emitted by the narrowband light source, and mixing the lights; and an assessment unit (33) for acquiring measurement values of a plurality of portions under inspection when the light reflected from the portions under inspection are measured by the RGB camera (32) while the portions are illuminated by the functional light source (31), and assessing the inspection results on the basis of the measurement values.


The disassembly industry is still labor-intensive, and for the disassembly of products with similar assembly structures, achieving mixed disassembly of these products on the same disassembly line is a more economical solution and very popular in disassembly companies. When large-volume end-of-life (EOL) products are disassembled on the two-sided disassembly line, there is uncertainty in the disassembly time during the disassembly process due to the differences in the recovery quality of EOL products. Therefore, a stochastic mixed-integer programming model is formulated that considers workstation activation cost, workload smoothness index between workstations, and total hazard index considering the order of hazardous task removal. Then, a multi-objective genetic flatworm algorithm is developed in which two different mechanisms for new individual generation are embedded, namely the flatworm genetic operations and the regeneration operations. The effectiveness of the model and the efficiency of the algorithm are verified by the disassembly cases of the printer and the classical mixed-model on the two-sided disassembly line. Finally, the proposed model and algorithm are applied to the disassembly of multiple types of cars, which proves their practical industrial application value.


The Kwee family is an old Indonesian-Chinese family from Pasuruan, in East Java, and one of a few merchant families of either Chinese or Arab ethnic origin which led successful lives in this small town in the nineteenth century. From their Chinese ancestral village, Liu Chuan in Fujian province, China, a Kwee ancestor travelled to Southeast Asia and settled in Pasuruan, probably in the eighteen century. As with many families who held important positions in the ethnic Chinese community, it also owned large homes, mostly in a mixed architectural style, called "eclecticism" and later in what was known as "the Indies-empire style". The early family history is still clouded in mystery, as not much concrete information has survived. Its descendants worked hard and prospered and dealt among economic undertakings such as sugar production, opium sales, buying and selling of property and land as well as running pawnshops.