Objective. To study valvular abnormalities in patients with primary antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) assessed by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE). Methods. This was a 5-year followup study. Between 1995 and 1997, 29 consecutive patients with primary APS were studied by TEE. Twenty-four patients were evaluated in our institution and 5 were referred from elsewhere. Four patients had died, 12 patients had the 5-year followup TEE, and 8 failed to report for the study. Results. In the first TEE, valve lesions were found in 17 patients (70.8%), myocardial infarction in 5 cases (29.4%), pulmonary hypertension in 4 (23.5%), and a calcified thrombus in the right atrium in one patient. Five-year followup TEE was performed in 12 patients. Valve lesions were unchanged in 3 cases, and in one of them a new apical akinesis of the left ventricle appeared. New valve lesions were detected in 3 patients. In 6 patients, the valve lesions had progressed and in 2, abnormalities of ventricular wall motion had appeared. Conclusion. In this highly selected population of patients with primary APS, the predominant cardiac lesion was a noninfective valve lesion. Oral anticoagulant treatment and aspirin proved ineffective in terms of valvular lesion regression. Altogether, myocardial infarction occurred in 9 (37.5%) patients. All had coronary angiography and coronary arteries were normal in 6. (J Rheumatol 2004;31:2402–7) Key Indexing Terms: PRIMARY ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID SYNDROME ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY VALVE LESIONS ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE From the Department of Echocardiography and Department of Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico. N.E. Zavaleta, MD, PhD, Department of Echocardiography; R.M. Montes, MD; M.E. Soto, MD, Department of Rheumatology; N.A. Vanzzini, MD, Department of Echocardiography; M-C. Amigo, MD, Department of Rheumatology. Address reprint requests to Dr. N. Espinola Zavaleta, Echocardiography Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez," Juan Badiano No. 1, México, DF 14080, Mexico. Submitted December 17, 2003; revision accepted June 21, 2004. Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is defined by clinical features such as vascular thromboses, recurrent pregnancy loss, and thrombocytopenia in association with the presence of circulating antiphospholipid antibodies1. It is considered the most common acquired hypercoagulability state and a major cause of pregnancy morbidity. The heart is a major target organ in APS. Within the cardiac manifestations, valvular involvement is the most common, as reported in several transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiographic studies2-4. The prevalence of valvular lesions varies between 30% and 76%, and the left-side valves are the most frequently involved2-5. Histopathologic studies of the affected valves have revealed superficial and intravalvular fibrin deposits, vascular proliferation, fibroblastic infiltrate, intravalvular capillary thrombosis, fibrosis, and calcification6. Moreover, in valves from patients with APS, markers of endothelial cell activation are upregulated whereas inflammatory exudate is scant7. There is also prominent deposition of immunoglobulins, including anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL), and complement components, suggesting a possible association between antibody deposits and endothelial cell activation8. To our knowledge, there are only 2 isolated cases reported in which echocardiographic followup demonstrated the dissappearance of valvular vegetations after treatment with oral anticoagulants (warfarin)9,10. However, in a transesophageal echocardiographic (TEE) followup study in 13 patients one year after oral anticoagulant and/or antiplatelet treatment had been started, no modification of valve lesions was found in 6 patients and new lesions had appeared in the remaining 7 patients3. We describe the evolution of valvular abnormalities observed by TEE in patients with primary APS 5 years after treatment with acenocoumarin and acetylsalicylic acid. MATERIALS AND METHODS Between 1995 and 1997, the Departments of Rheumatology and Echocardiography of the Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez studied 29 consecutive patients with primary APS who fulfilled the Sapporo criteria for classification of APS11; 22 patients were women and 7 were men. Mean age of patients was 35.4 ± 10.65 years. All patients gave informed consent before the first TEE study. Of the 29 patients3, 24 were first evaluated in our institution, and 5 were referred from elsewhere for a TEE. The latter patients were excluded from this investigation due to a lack of access to their clinical records and folPersonal, non-commercial use only. The Journal of Rheumatology. Copyright © 2004. All rights reserved. Rheumatology The Journal of on July 8, 2020 Published by www.jrheum.org Downloaded from Pe rs on al n on -c om m er ci al u se o nl y. T he J ou rn al o f R he um at ol og y. C op yr ig ht © 2 00 4. A ll rig ht s re se rv ed 2403 Zavaleta, et al: APS echocardiographic study lowup. Of our 24 patients, 8 did not attend for the followup TEE. Four of the patients had died, 2 from massive cerebral vascular accident, one from catastrophic APS, and one from gastric carcinoma. The remaining 12 patients are the subject of this report. Echocardiographic study. All patients were ambulatory. After a 6-hour fasting period, TEE was performed in the left lateral decubitus with a commercial ultrasound unit (Sonos 5500, Hewlett-Packard, Andover, MA, USA) equipped with a multiplane transducer. The oropharynx was anesthetized with 10% xylocaine spray, and in patients with a history of cerebrovascular events, a peripheral vein was cannulated for contrast studies to investigate patent foramen ovale. Echocardiographic measurements. Thickness, motion, and characteristics of the subvalvular apparatus were evaluated in the mitral, tricuspid, aortic, and pulmonary valves. All measurements were done on the horizontal and longitudinal planes. Calcification associated with thickening was defined as a region of high reflectance. A thickness > 5 mm for the mitral and tricuspid valves and > 3 mm for the aortic and pulmonary valves was considered abnormal. Valvular regurgitation and/or stenosis was evaluated by Doppler echocardiography. Mitral and tricuspid valve regurgitation was graded using the color and continuous Doppler jet and the area method12. Aortic and pulmonary regurgitation was graded according to the ratio between the width of the color jet and the diameter of the outflow tract. Stenosis of the aortic or mitral valve was determined by planimetry in intermediate planes between 35° and 50° and by the Doppler pressure half-time method at 0° and 90°, respectively. Heart chamber diameter, ventricular wall movement, left ventricular function, presence of spontaneous contrast, intracavitary thrombosis, thickness and reflectance of the pericardium, and the presence of effusion were assessed. Studies were recorded on VHS tape for interpretation by 2 blinded expert echocardiographists. Results were reached by consensus. Statistical analysis. Mean values and standard deviation (SD) were calculated for continuous variables. Comparisons between quantitative variables were made with the Student t test for grouped data. Comparisons between qualitative variables were made with the chi-square test with Yates' correction. RESULTS Twenty-four patients with primary APS were studied. Demographic data are shown in Table 1. The average time between the first and the followup TEE was 83.75 ± 7.78 months. Followup TEE after 5 years was performed in 12 patients (50%). Findings in the first TEE. In the first TEE, valve lesions were found in 17 (70.8%) patients. Ten (58.8%) of these patients were in the NYHA functional class I and 7 (41.2%) in functional class II (3 cases) and III (4 cases) (Table 2). Among patients with valve lesions, other heart abnormalities were detected in 7 patients, including myocardial infarction in 5 and severe pulmonary hypertension in 2. Two of the patients with myocardial infarction also had pulmonary hypertension, and one of these also presented an irregular (2 × 3.6 cm diameter) calcification in the roof of the right atrium (Table 3). Valve disease was not detected in 7 patients (24%). However, segmental alterations of left ventricular wall movement secondary to myocardial infarction (Figure 1), severe pulmonary hypertension with patent foramen ovale, and an aneurysm of the atrial septum with patent foramen ovale were found in one patient each (Table 3). When the frequency of embolic events was examined, no significant difference was found between patients with and those without valve lesions. In patients with valve lesions, arterial and venous thrombosis were detected in 10, isolated arterial thrombosis in 6, and isolated venous thrombosis in one. It is noteworthy that of the total of 24 patients, the 4 who died had valve lesions, and in addition, 2 had myocardial infarction. In the group without valve lesions, venous and arterial thrombosis (3 cases) was detected as often as isolated arterial thrombosis (3 cases). Coronary angiograms were performed in 9 of the initial 24 patients who had myocardial infarction and/or ventricular wall movement abnormalities. Normal coronary arteries were found in 6 patients. In the remaining 3 patients, in addition to APS, other risk factors for ischemic heart disease such as systemic hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and smoking were present. The coronary angiograms revealed 90% obstruction of the right coronary artery in one patient, and complete obstruction of the right coronary artery with thrombi as well as significant occlusion of the posterior descending artery in its origin in another patient. Stenosis of the left anterior descending artery of 80% in its medial segment was apparent in the third case. Cardiac abnormalities detected in the followup TEE. All 12 patients had received acenocoumarin to maintain an inte


N-Nitrosamines content of cigarette smoldering smoke in different brands were examined and investigated together with the marked content of tar and nicotine in cigarette. The results demonstrated that the content of N-nitrosamines in the smoldering smoke of cigarette was not obviously related to the marked content of tar or nicotine. Therefore it was better to use novel additive or microwave radiation than to decrease tar content in the cigarette for removal of N-nitrosamines from the smoke.


Ultrahigh vacuum sealing technology has been developed for joining aluminum (Al) and stainless steel (SS) CF flange pairs, which provides a leak rate of less than 2×10−11 Torr l/s following a bakeout at 150 °C and return to room temperature. Sealing was achieved, in spite of the fact that the coefficient of linear thermal expansion of Al is about 1.5 times that of SS. It is assumed that the knife edges on the CF flanges changed diameters during bakeout without sliding of the knife edges with respect to the seal. This requires that the gasket assume the shape of a truncated cone. Sealing is retained during this process. This assumption was verified by three methods: (1) observing the transformation of the gasket from flat at 20 °C to conical during bakeout at 150 °C; (2) measuring the leak rate of CF 114, 203, 253, and 305 sealed flange pairs over the range from 20 °C to 150 °C, and; (3) inspecting the imprint of the knife edge of a CF 305 in the gasket after bakeout by profilometer trace and photographic ...


This active learning exercise uses the "jigsaw" method (Tewksbury, 1995, 1997) to construct a morphologic-tectonic classification of the world's coasts. It is based on a widely applicable classification system (Inman and Nordstrom, 1971; see Summerfield, 1991, for alternative terms). Instructors will find the exercise a natural follow on from the study of endogenic tectonic processes and exogenic coastal processes. For the exercise, each group receives the names of ten randomly selected collision, trailing-edge, and marginal-sea coasts. The students use maps, atlases, and other resources to determine:


THE use of continuous electrocardiographic monitoring has increased the awareness of the frequency of ventricular arrhythmias. This is particularly so after acute myocardial infarction. The development of the serious arrhythmias, ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrlllatlon, is often preceded by frequent ventricular extrasystolee. This is most likely to occur when the ventricular extrasvstoles interrupt the T wave of the previous cycle, are multifocal, or occur in runs of two or more (Julian et alii, 1964). Medication to terminate ventricular tachycardia and to suppress prodromal extrasystoles necessitates an agent which is not only potent. but has minimal or no deleterious side effects. Significant heernodvnamle disturbance following the parenteral use of procaine amide (Harrison et alH, 1963), quinidine (Angeiakos and Hastings, 1960; Sokolow and Perloff, 1961), or beta adrenergic blocking agents (Sowton and Hamer, 1966) has been well demonstrated. Lignocaine ("Xylocaine"") has proved useful in the management of ventricular-arrhythmias related to cardiac surgery, and in this context has been shown to be relatively free from serious hremodynamic or other side effects (Likoff, 1959; Hitchcock and Keown, 1959; Weiss, 1960; Harrison et alii. 1963). Since December, 1966, lignocaine has been used Intravenously as the drug of first choice in the treatment of patients referred to us with ventricular tachyarrhythmlas.


The aims of this study were to collect and review tuberculosis (TB)–HIV data for Europe and to provide an overview of current health policies addressing co‐infection.


Aviation safety is the main point that must be considered in the operation of the aircraft. Birds and wild animals have a very serious impact on aircraft operations and even potentially endanger flight safety. Jenderal Ahmad Yani International Airport Semarang has 2 unconfirmed bird and wild animal incidents between 2014 until 2017. Wildlife hazard management in the aerodrome is very important to reduce the impact of hazards that might be caused by wild birds and animal hazards. The purpose of this study was to analyze the application of wildlife hazard management at Jenderal Ahmad Yani International Airport Semarang as an aviation safety system. This research is qualitative research with a descriptive approach with the study of company documents and field observations. The subjects of this study were 4 main informants, including 2 Environment and terminal landside officers and 2 Apron movement controllers and also 2 triangulation informants, including 1 SMS & OSH officer and 1 SMS & OSH section head. The instruments in this study used in-depth interview guidelines and observation sheets. Based on the results of the study, Jenderal Ahmad Yani International Airport Semarang, in general, has Jenderal Ahmad Yani International Airport, Semarang, in general, has implemented wildlife hazard management in accordance with Regulation of the Director-General of Civil Aviation Number: SKEP / 42 / III / 2010 about advisory circular cars 139-03, wildlife hazard management on or in the vicinity of an aerodrome as an aviation safety system.


Buildings, group extensions and the cohomology of congruence subgroups by A. Adem Hecke algebras acting on elliptic cohomology by A. Baker Some root invariants and Steenrod operations in $\textnormal{Ext}_A(F_2,F_2)$ by R. R. Bruner Toward homology operations for mapping class groups by F. R. Cohen and U. Tillmann Spanier-Whitehead duality and critical points by O. Cornea Comparing completions of a space at a prime by P. Goerss Toward the homotopy groups of the higher real $K$-theory $EO_2$ by V. Gorbounov and P. Symonds Skew symmetric bundle maps by D. H. Gottlieb The Adams spectral sequence for Minami's theorem by W.-H. Lin and M. Mahowald Applications of the Minami-Webb formula to splitting classifying spaces by J. Martino and S. Priddy Brave new worlds in stable homotopy theory by J. P. May The stable splitting of $B_{M_{12}}$ and related groups by R. J. Milgram and C. Overton On the Kervaire invariant problem by N. Minami Schur $Q$-functions and a Kontsevich-Witten genus by J. Morava Stable splittings of classifying spaces of amalgams of finite groups by D. Juan-Pineda What we still don't know about loop spaces of spheres by D. C. Ravenel A topological calculus for formal power series by N. Ray Notes on the Hopkins-Miller theorem by C. Rezk Commutative Morava homology Hopf algebras by H. Sadofsky and W. S. Wilson Northwestern 1997 algebraic topology conference-Problems.


We present correct assignments to the Raman spectrum of an epitaxial hexagonal GaN film grown on (0001) sapphire, published by Zhang et al. [J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 14, 840 (1996)]. These assignments are supported by our additional polarization and incident angle-varied Raman measurements. A method to distinguish the Raman features of the epitaxial GaN thin layer from those of the sapphire substrate is presented.


Controller tuning is needed to select the optimum response for the controlled process. This work presents a new tuning procedure of PID controllers with safety and response quality measures on a non-linear process model by optimization procedure, with a demonstration of two tanks in series. The model was developed to include safety constraints in the form of path constraints. The model was then solved with a new optimization solver, NLPOPT1, which uses a primal-dual interior point method with a novel non-monotone line search procedure with discretized penalty parameters. This procedure generated a grid of optimal PID tuning parameters for various switching of steady-states to be used as a predictor of PID tunings for arbitrary transitions. The interpolation of tuning parameters between the available parameters was found to be capable to produce state profiles with no violation on the safety measures, while maintaining the quality of the solution with the final set points targeted achievable.


Objective To survey the prevalence and type distribution of human papillomavirus(HPV)infection in women of Wuhan city.Methods A total of 2 538 cervical specimens from women attending routine Pap smear cytology screening were subjected toHPV detection and genotyping with flow-through hybridization and gene chip.Results The overall HPV prevalence was 14.9%(379/2 538),the high risk HPV prevalence was 12.6%(321/2 538):The percentages of HPV 52,16,58 and 18 in high risk HPV positive women were 30.8%,27.7%,14.3% and 10.6%,Young women(17-25 years old)showed highest rate of HPV infection,high risk HPV infection and multiple infection.Conclusion The study demonstrates the geographic variability of oncogenic HPV distribution in Wuhan city.


Objective To study the role of procalcitonin(PCT),C-reactive protein(CRP),the number of white blood cell(WBC) and rod-shaped cells in establishing the diagnosis of early neonatal infection. Methods Sixty-three neonates with high white blood cells,rod-shaped cells,or CRP were enrolled in this study.All of them were less than 3 days old.Blood samples for determining serum PCT,CRP,WBC and blood culture were collected prior to treatment,and these investigations were repeated after treatment.According to PCT results,the neonates were allocated into PCT higher groups(PCT≥2 μg·L-1)and PCT normal groups(PCT2 μg·L-1). Results Blood cultures were negative in 63 neonates,with the average count of WBC being(29.45±9.61)×109 L-1,and the average percentage of neutrophils was 0.783 6±0.078 6,while the percentage of rod-shaped nuclear was 0.077 0±0.037 7,platelet was(241.44±9.30)×109 L-1.Among them 28 neonates had abnormal PCT(≥2 μg·L-1) with median value 7.07(2.02,53.57) μg·L-1,and 35 neonates had normal PCT(2 μg·L-1)with median value PCT 0.45(0.05,1.83) μg·L-1.The gestational age,birth weight,abnormal history of fetal heart rate,the history of amniotic fluid contamination,premature rupture of membranes,the history of maternal fever,maternal infection,white blood cells count and the percentage of neutrophils and rod-shaped nuclear were not significantly different between the 2 groups.In the high PCT group,CRP increased in 5 neonates,but in normal PCT group all neonates had normal CRP.Platelet count was higher in high PCT group than that in the normal PCT group before and after treatment(Pa0.01).Spearman correlation analysis showed that there was no correlation among white blood cells,rod-shaped nuclear,platelet,and CRP with PCT(Pa0.05). Conclusions In early neonatal mild infection was mainly manifested by WBC and rod-shaped nuclear increase,with or without CRP increasing,PCT is mostly normal.Therefore,PCT is not a sensitive indicator in diagnosing early neonatal mild infection.


The authors investigate the existence of optimal super-simple strictly cyclic packings,denoted by(v,k,λ)-OSCP,which can be used to obtain some new(v,k,2)-OOCs. The existence of a(v,3,λ)-OSCP withλ=2,3,4 for any admissible value v is solved.Some new infinite classes of(v,k,λ)-OSCPs for k≥4 are also constructed.


In this work carrier-facilitated transport of mercury(II) against its concentration gradient from aqueous 0.04 M hydrochloric acid solution across a liquid membrane containing isopropyl 2-[(isopropoxycarbothiolyl)disulfanyl]ethane thioate (IIDE) as the mobile carrier in chloroform has been investigated. Sodium thiocyanate solution (1.6 M) was the most efficient receiving phase agent among several aqueous reagents tested. Various parameters such as investigated. Under optimum conditions the transport of Hg(II) across the liquid membrane is more than 97% after 2.5 h. The carrier, IIDE, selectively and efficiently could able to transport Hg (II) ions in the presence of other associated metal ions in binary systems.


ABSTRACT This paper develops an empirical analysis quantifying the housing prices reaction to market transparency in 21 European metropolitan areas for the period 2004–2016. Market transparency is measured by the Global Real Estate Transparency Index (JLL) with its five dimensions. Applying a biannual panel EGLS model regression with fixed effects by cities as on data collected from several resources and measuring transparency using JLL index, results quantify the housing price elasticity of responses to changes in transparency. Results indicate that a decrease in transparency level is associated with an increase in house prices. The effect of transparency on the housing prices is heterogeneous in European metropolises, with most visible impacts in the Eastern metropolitan areas (Bratislava, Bucharest, Warsaw and Zagreb) but also in Western areas such as Copenhagen, Dublin and Madrid. London, Paris and Amsterdam also show how large transparency contributes to low house price increase, as the market fundamentals support.


In order to obtain the aging parameters and optimize the rapidly solidified aging process for a Cu-Cr-Sn-Zn alloy,an artificial neural network to model the non-linear relationship between parameters of the aging process with respect to aging temperature,aging time,hardness and conductivity properties was proposed for the lead frame Cu-Cr-Sn-Zn alloy.The correlation between rapidly solidified aging parameters and properties in the Cu-Cr-Sn-Zn lead frame alloy was analyzed.Genetic algorithms were used to optimize the input parameters of aging temperature and aging time.The result revealed that the optimal aging parameter for the Cu-Cr-Sn-Zn alloy is 1.03h at 487℃.The electrical conductivity 64.9% IACS and hardness 164.0 HV are available.


Objective: To assess the risk of cost control of chemical projects based on principal component analysis. Methods: The principal component analysis method is used to analyze the risk points of cost control and to assess the risk of chemical projects in combination with the features of the projects themselves. Results: The principal component analysis is used to assess the risk of cost control of chemical projects and conclude in the study that the key points on the cost control of chemical projects are as follows: first, strictly control the cost of materials; second, control the cost of power and fuel. Conclusion: It's concluded that the principal component analysis is an effective method on evaluating the risk of cost control of chemical projects with some reasonable suggestions proposed.


PURPOSE: To prepare a pharmaceutical composition in the form of a solid unit dosage form, comprising specific amounts of piperidinoalkanol compounds, a nonionic surfactant and CaCO3 , capable of manifesting rapid release characteristics of the active ingredients and useful as an antihistaminic agent, etc. CONSTITUTION: This pharmaceutical composition comprises a therapeutically effective amount (10-150mg based on the unit dose) of piperidinoalkanol compounds, e.g. a compound represented by formula I or II [R1 is H or OH; R2 is H or, together with R1 , forms the second bond; Z is thienyl or a (substituted)phenyl; R3 is CH3 or CH2 OH; A and B are each H or OH and at least one thereof is H; (n) is 1-3; (m) is 1-5], especially α-[4-(1,1-dimethylethyl) phenyl]-4-(hydroxydiphenylmethyl)-1-piperidinebutanol, a nonionic surfactant in an amount of about 0.1-6wt.% based on the composition and CaCO3 in an amount of about 2-50wt.% based on the composition as active ingredients. The composition is capable of manifesting even effective dissolving characteristics and the active ingredients can efficiently be utilized for organisms.


The influence of critical bias voltage on FPA detector output was analyzed quantificationally.In the system the critical bias voltages FID and VEBASAGE were necessary to the 320×240 staring uncooled FPA detector produced by SOFRADIR CO.LTD.By testing the environment temperature around FPA drive board inside the system,the vibration at some temperature was found.The conclusion that the slow temperature excursion of the environment temperature at-10~40℃ round FPA drive board inside the system and vibratory resulted in the variety of several milli-volts of critical bias voltage were put forward.The results show that the variety of environment temperature inside the system affects the stability and also changes the nonuniformity of FPA detector output.This will be the basis of nonuniformity correction based on environment temperature compensation.


With public debt over 15 trillion dollars and slow economic recovery, the electorate rightly continues to focus on domestic affairs. Yet, with the exception of the Iranian issue, Americans and their Presidential candidates have spent little energy substantially debating the direction of US foreign policy at all. This is unfortunate. Now, possibly more than ever before in our history, we are in need of strong leadership both at home and abroad. Policy choices in recent years and an unyielding financial crisis have driven the US to what could be seen in future years as a turning point in history. Without smart choices and course corrections in the near term, the much debated decline of America could become a self-fulfilling prophecy. The United States in 2012 finds itself in a similar position to the United Kingdom post-World War II or the Soviet Union in 1988—nearly bankrupt and in danger of losing legitimacy at home and abroad. Regional powers that have been free riders of America's effort to secure the commons such as India, China and Turkey are poised to step forward to attain their own vision and interests, which more often than not, will not be consistent with American interests or values. The local and the global are so interconnected that we cannot afford a myopic focus on domestic policy; nor can we pursue international policy in a vacuum as if it were unconnected to our well being at home. Rather, the US must chart a course towards resurgence that is true to our core values. Only in this way can we ensure prosperity and security at home and abroad.


Aiming to output spectrum signal of the thin-film thickness wideband monitoring system,Donoho threshold function is improved by adding micro-alignment factor to the threshold.It is beneficial for preserving wavelet coefficients of real signal whose amplitude is similar to or less than niose to make wavelet coefficient threshold of the signal decrease;On the other hand,wavelet coefficient threshold of noise increases for filtering out noise favorably.So wavelet threshold filtering algorithm has self-adaption.By experiment,the result shows that random noise is filtered well and the signal details are reserved perfectly,the peak error of signal is 0.7%—1.0%,the peak location one is 0.1%—0.3%,the system accuracy is improved.


Background:
 Limited data are available on the impact of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end stage renal disease (ESRD) on outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

 Objectives:
 To determine the association between baseline renal insufficiency with in-hospital outcomes after PCI.

 Methods:
 We queried the 2003-2011 Nationwide Inpatient Sample databases to identify all patients aged ≥ 18 years undergoing PCI. Patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting during the same admission were excluded. Patients with concomitant diagnosis of CKD (ICD-9 codes 585.1-585.5 and 585.9) and ESRD (ICD-9 diagnosis code 585.6 or procedure code for hemodialysis [39.95, excluding patients with concurrent diagnosis of acute renal failure] or peritoneal dialysis [54.98]) were then identified. Multivariable logistic regression was used to compare outcomes between patients with CKD and patients with ESRD to those without CKD or ESRD.

 Results:
 Of 6,417,970 patients who underwent PCI, 93.3% (mean age 64.2±12.3 years, 33.7% females) had no CKD/ESRD; 4.9% (mean age 71.5±11.3 years, 35% females) had CKD; and 1.8% (mean age 64.2±11.8 years, 42.2% females) had ESRD. The prevalence of smoking was highest in patients with no CKD/ESRD; that of dyslipidemia, coronary artery disease, prior myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation, and obesity was highest in CKD patients; diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and congestive heart failure were most prevalent in ESRD patients (p<0.001 for all). Of patients undergoing PCI, 61.2% patients in no CKD/ESRD group had an acute coronary syndrome, as compared to 65.4% in CKD group, and 58.2% in ESRD group (p<0.001). Compared to patients with no CKD/ESRD, those with CKD and those with ESRD had higher in-hospital mortality and higher incidence of post-procedure hemorrhage. Baseline renal insufficiency was also associated with longer average length of stay and higher average total hospital charges (Table).

 Conclusions:
 In patients undergoing PCI, baseline renal insufficiency is associated with worse outcomes. Patients with CKD and patients with ESRD had increased in-hospital mortality, higher hemorrhagic complications, longer average length of hospital stay, and higher average hospital charges than those without CKD or ESRD.


Providing both electronic conduction paths and buffer space for the large volume change between LixSi and Si are considered to be the key of development of high-performance Si-based anodes. Si and ...


The 1992 Rio Conference on Environment and Development charted a daunting array of ecological and economic problems demanding the attention of the international community. Global environmental diplomacy, however, has proven to be slow and unwieldy, particularly in tackling the thorny issues arising out of the increasing globalization of trade and investment. At the root of the slow progress are deep-seated economic and ideological gaps between developed and developing countries as well as intense economic competition among the richer countries.


Discrepant results are obtained when antibiotic-induced bacterial killing is quantitated by viable counting or bioluminescence assay of intracellular ATP. In this study the killing of bacteria exposed to amikacin or imipenem was quantitated by viable counting and bioluminescence assay of intracellular ATP and also by quantal analysis. The results of quantal analysis and viable counting agreed very well, whereas a much lower degree of bacterial killing was recorded by bioluminescence.


In the context of brane-world models, we pursue the question of the existence of five-dimensional solutions describing regular black holes localized close to the brane. Employing a perturbed Vaidya-type line-element embedded in a warped fifth dimension, we attempt to localize the extended black-string singularity, and to restore the regularity of the AdS spacetime at a finite distance from the brane by introducing an appropriate bulk energy–momentum tensor. As a source for this bulk matter, we are considering a variety of non-ordinary field-theory models of scalar fields either minimally coupled to gravity, but including non-canonical kinetic terms, mixing terms, derivative interactions and ghosts, or non-minimally coupled to gravity through a general coupling to the Ricci scalar. In all models considered, even in those characterized by a high degree of flexibility, a negative result was reached. Our analysis demonstrates how difficult the analytic construction of a localized brane-world black hole may be in the context of a well-defined field-theory model. Finally, with regard to the question of the existence or not of a static classical black-hole solution on the brane, our analysis suggests that such solutions could in principle exist; however, the associated field configuration itself has to be dynamic.


Most of China's wetland areas are located in the Sanjiang Plain.This area has 207×104 hm2 of wet and low-lying farmland,of which 59% is cropped.During the 1970s and 1980s,the Chinese government organized intensive scientific research into potential changes to existing natural resources conditions for these farmlands.The aim was to change the water resources regime to one that was beneficial to crop production.Arterial drainage,field drainage and appropriate sub-soil treatments were required.The relation between plant products industry and the Four Waters distribution,also the main measures of the Four Waters converting in wet and low-lying farmland were discussed in the paper.


ABSTRACT: We analyzed the microbiological quality of bottled water manufactured and marketed in Hyderabad. Ten brands were analyzed for presumptive coliform count by multiple tube test and confirmed E.coli count by Eijkman test. Bacterial, fungal and free-living parasite load were tested by membrane filtration test. One out of ten samples (10 percent) showed the presumptive coliform count to be 24 most probable number (MPN)/100ml, but was found to be negative when tested by Eijkman test for E.coli. In the membrane filtration test, 5 types of bacteria were grown from 10 samples with 3 samples showing more than 2 types of bacteria (30 percent). The variety of bacteria grown included Bacillus spp. from 5 Pseudomonas spp. from 4, Acinetobacter spp. from 2, Enterobacter spp. from 1, and Xanthomonas maltophilia from 1 sample. The mean colony count was 1.01 CFU/ml (0.02-3.7 CFU/ml). Fungi were isolated from 6/10 (60 percent) samples [Aspergillus spp-5, Candida spp-1; mean colony count 0.06 CFU/ml (0.05-11 CFU/ml)]. The lone sample with positive presumptive coliform count grew Enterobacter spp. with highest colony count (3.7 CFU/ml) along with Apergillus fumigatus (0.05 CFU/ml.) None of the samples showed the presence of free-living amoeba. The number and type of organisms recovered from the bottled water samples tested in this study were within the permissible levels prescribed for safe drinking water.


ABSTRACT A major allergen of the lymphatic filarial nematode Brugia malayi, a homologue of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GT), is involved in the pathology of tropical pulmonary eosinophilia (TPE) through its potent allergenicity and the induction of antibodies against the host pulmonary epithelium. To investigate the immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclass and IgE responses to recombinant B. malayi γ-GT, we analyzed the results obtained from 51 patients with differing clinical manifestations of bancroftian filariasis. γ-GT-specific IgG1, rather than IgG4, was the predominant IgG subclass, particularly in patients with TPE (geomean, 6,321 ng/ml; range, 78 to 354,867 ng/ml) and was 75 times higher than in patients with elephantiasis (CP) (P < 0.003) and 185 times higher than in endemic normal individuals (ENL) (P < 0.010). IgG2 responses were low and IgG3 was almost absent, with no significant differences among the groups. γ-GT-specific IgG4 responses were significantly elevated in those with subclinical microfilaremia (MF) compared to the CP and ENL groups and correlated with the presence of circulating filarial antigen (CAg). More significantly, γ-GT-specific IgE antibody levels were strikingly elevated in patients with TPE (geomean, 681 ng/ml; range, 61 to 23,841 ng/ml) and in the ENL group (geomean, 106 ng/ml; range, 13 to 1,405 ng/ml) whereas the γ-GT-specific IgE level was 44 and 61 times lower in those with MF and CP, respectively (P < 0.001). Elevated γ-GT-specific IgE/IgG4 ratios were demonstrated in patients with TPE (ratio, 45) and ENL (ratio, 107). Because expression of γ-GT in Brugia infective third-stage larvae (L3) was demonstrated by immunoblot analysis, the elevated γ-GT-specific IgE antibodies appear to be associated not only with pulmonary pathology but also with possible resistance to infection in lymphatic filariasis.


Objective
To survey the consultation length and waiting time of general practice clinics in community health service centers(CHSC).

Methods
Three CHSCs were selected from urban areas,urban-rural junction and rural areas Beijing Chaoyang District. The length of consultation,waiting time and the satisfaction of patients were surveyed by self-designed questionnaires among 373 patients visiting these three CHSCs between July to August 2018.

Results
In 364 patients who completed the questionnaire 69.0%(251/364) had a consultation length between 5 to 10 min, and the proportion of consultation length 30 min. The proportion of patients with waiting<5 min was the lowest (20.7%) in urban area. The distribution of consultion length was different among groups of the reason of consultion, frequently seen doctor and the familarity with the doctor(P<0.05). Most patients were satisfied with the length of consultation (85.4%) and waiting time (74.5%). The satisfaction of patients in urban areas with the consultation length (75.2%) and waiting time (49.6%) was lower than that in urban-rural junction and rural areas.

Conclusion
The consultation length in general practice clinics of CHSC is relatively short, but patients are basically satisfied with the current status of consultation length and waiting time.However, consultation length and wating time should be regularly monitared,to promote the quality of care in general practice clinics.

Key words:
Community health service; General practice; Consultation length; Waiting time


Bird-building collisions are responsible for a large number of bird deaths in cities around the world, yet they remain poorly studied outside of North America. This study presents one of the first city-wide fine-scale and landscape-scale analyses of bird-building collisions from Asia and represents a novel application of maximum entropy modeling (as commonly applied to species distribution modeling) to assess the drivers of bird-building collisions in the tropical city-state of Singapore. Our results show that the drivers of bird-building collisions often vary among taxa, with several migratory taxa having a higher relative collision risk linked to areas with high building densities and high levels of nocturnal blue light pollution. In contrast, non-migratory taxa had a higher collision risk in areas proximate to woodland cover. Projecting these models onto high-fidelity long-term government land-use plans, we demonstrate that our approach can be applied to predict future changes in bird-building collision risk stemming from future increases in blue light pollution and encroachment of buildings into forested areas. Our results suggest that bird-building collision mitigation measures need to account for the differential drivers of collision across both resident and migratory species, and show that combining community science and ecological modeling can be a powerful approach for analyzing bird-building collision data. Article impact statement Inferring the drivers and distribution patterns of bird-building collision hotspots in Singapore using community science and maximum entropy modeling


The paper focuses on the differences and similarities in the performance of two groups of test takers taking the ECL (European Consortium for the Certificate of Attainment in Modern Languages) language exam – a proficiency-type of language exam – in Hungary and in neighbouring countries. The two groups under investigation include Hungarian test takers living in Romania, Slovakia and Serbia and native Hungarians between the ages of 14 and 19 living in Hungary. The research aims to identify whether bilingual test takers have an advantage when taking a language examination in a third language as compared to those who are monolingual. The study compares, contrasts and analyses the performance of these two distinct groups, one of which comes from a multilingual environment. It has been found out that the overall performance (achieved in each of the four components: listening, speaking, writing and reading) of bilingual test takers was significantly better than that of the monolinguals (p < 0.001). Three tendencies have been identified with respect to the differences between the performance of the bilingual and monolingual test takers: first, there is a greater gap in relation to receptive skills - listening and reading – than in the case of the productive skills – speaking and writing; second, in the case of the receptive skills the gap decreases as the proficiency level increases; third, in the case of the speaking skill the gap increases as the proficiency level increases. Possible explanations are offered to explain these phenomena. DOI:  http://dx.doi.org/10.7220/2335-2027.8.8


The thermal decomposition of 2-(4-methoxycarbonylphenyl)-5-nitryl-6-hydroxybenzoxazole(MNB) in N2 atmosphere was studied by thermogravimetry(TG) and differential thermogravimetry(DTG).It is a sequential process.The molecular bond orders were calculated by GAMESS method and the IR spectra of MNB and its intermediates in thermal decomposition at various temperatures were determined.The mechanism of the thermal decomposition has been discussed,the C-N bond breakdown and the nitro group elimination occurred in the initial step of the decomposition.The thermal decomposition kinetic parameters such as apparent activation energy E=115.5kJ·mol-1,pre-exponential factor A = 1.698×1010 min-1 and apparent reaction order n = 0 were obtained according to test data.


This program profile examines efforts by WPAs at York College, a senior college in the CUNY system, to adapt to externally imposed changes and develop a locally meaningful writing program. 1999 marked the end of remediation at four-year (senior) colleges in The City University of New York. The elimination of developmental writing at CUNY's senior colleges was accompanied by a university-wide mandate for WAC. Fall 2013 marked the start of a university- wide set of general education requirements that will partially eclipse existing local requirements. Between these two bookends, WPAs—drawing on a mindset of relative agency and informed by an awareness of the curricular and institutional positioning of writing—carried out local efforts to build a more effective and coherent program. Every educational reform (is) the product of a series of complex, contradictory, compromised and contingent solutions whose permanence is never assured. … By attending to the play between the policy statements and the enacted pedagogical practices of the administrators, curricular planners, teachers, and students, one finds a place where individuals acting alone and collectively have an opportunity to express their agency, albeit in the highly restricted realm of relative freedom.(Richard


During the past year I have been engaged in a study of the lymph system of amphistomoid fish-trematodes Gyliauchen, Paragyliauchen and Telotrema, members of the family Gyliauchenidae. Opistholebes is another amphistomoid fish-trematode which was found by Nicoll in Sphaeroides lunaris in North Queensland. Of this genus 0. amplicoelus is the single species reported, and the lymph system of this genus was quite unknown hitherto. Two apparently new trematode species, belonging to the family Opistholebetidae Travassos, for whichthe names Opistholebes cotylophorus and Heterolebes maculosus are here proposed, were recentlycol lected by myself in considerable number from Diodon holacanthus Linnaeus. 0. cotylophorus bears an adhesive organ around the aceta bulum, which is an over-growth of the posterior part of the body and may be considered as a remnant of the adhesive disc or cotylophore which is usually present in monogenetic forms. This organ is also found in Heterolebes maculosus but in a more advanced form of degeneration. Nicoll did not describe this organ in 0. amplicoelus, but his figure is suggestive of its presence. The second characteristic structure of these flukes is the presence of milk-white coloured spots. These spots are globular in shape and distributed in the same extent as those of the vitellaria, but their disposition is deeper than the latter. The spot is composed of a large plasm-rich cell, and stains deeply with orange G, while the vitellariumstains black with haematoxylin. In these species no special canal system for the lymph is developed, therefore even on this point Optistholebes should not be included in the same family with Gyliauchen. Diagnosis of these new species is as follows.


The utility model relates to a microwave induction combiner, including base plate, detection blender and oscillator. The base plate has a first side, and the the first side has a first region. The oscillator has an oscillation circuit structure and provides above that and lie in the radio frequency transistor in first region territory. On the detection blender is provided the first side, have a detection hybrid circuit structure and a setting at least detecting element above that. Wherein, the oscillation circuit structure includes a plurality of structure sections, and each structure section respectively has a flexion, the structure section interconnect of the part of oscillation circuit structure, and the orientation in the first region of the flexion of part orientation is crooked to present to draw close and contract in or, thus the area that reduces its circuit layout by a wide margin and can occupy. The utility model discloses can reduce whole size when guaranteeing to carry out effective microwave induction.


Technical analysis can be determined as a method of evaluating the statistics, historical data (e.g. past price and volume.) to establish "specific rules for buying and selling securities with the objective of maximizing profits and minimizing risk of loss". The historical overview shows that technical analysis takes its roots in 17 century; by now it is one of the most frequently used methods by traders all over the world. This fact is justified by great number of empirical data from Singapore, Istanbul, New York and other stock exchanges. The main concern of this paper is the focus on the creation, tests of trading systems based on the popular trend following indicator, the moving average, and its combinations. The main questions which would be stressed during this research are: 1. What is the efficiency of the trading systems based on the selected elements of technical analysis? 2. Which of them do show the greatest efficiency rate? Testing of trading systems based on moving average indicator (single, dual and triple) shows relatively high results on the Russian Stock Exchange (MICEX). The comparison analysis indicated that relatively the most efficient trade system is dual moving average trade system; triple moving average trade system gets the 2nd place; and single moving average trade system is regarded as relatively inefficient


This article gives a survey of a blended learning approach called Vienna E-Lecturing (VEL), implemented in the course Research Methods and Evaluation, which is required by the psychology program at the University of Vienna, Austria. VEL replaces a main lecture and has been designed to teach methodological issues more effectively as well as to strengthen students' learning competences in this field. The program's conceptualization is based on instructional and motivational findings yielding the program's two main teaching principles: (1) networking and (2) optimal instructions. The Internet-based course lasts two semesters and is composed of 10 online learning modules and 11 face-to-face meetings (including tutorials). The modules, which are available successively via a learning platform, systematically instruct students to learn more effectively by cooperating and fulfilling different tasks within small groups. The current article describes the program's principles and theoretical background and outlines ...


This article attempts to reflect on the teaching competencies that are necessary to turn these "actors" into configurators of prolific professional training scenarios, through the use of projects and good practices promoted by the Project Management Institute - PMI®, therefore, from that position, they are the promoters of practical experiences that incorporate these collective knowledge and experiences in a new work culture based on projects. Also, the competency approach is linked from the perspective of effective and efficient performance, and which are still the result of the compilation of practices developed by professionals with high levels of performance in all industries and which are comprehensively addressed through called "talent triangle", which considers the set of technical knowledge, leadership and business analysis and strategy. Hence the importance of teachers developing competencies in Project Management, as they will definitely strengthen the approach to any academic result or product, beyond discipline, with such basic and fundamental gestures that could range from clearly defining the "scope" of each project until a timely management of deadlines or compliance with the planned times.


To the Editor:— Both Hammond and Horn, inThe Journalfor Aug. 7, 1954, page 1316, and Doll and Hill ( Brit. M. J. 1: 1451-1455 [June 26] 1954) have published preliminary reports on extensive surveys dealing mainly with the relation of tobacco smoking to deaths from lung cancer and coronary heart disease. These reports carry the matter little further than did mine written in 1947 ( Ohio M. J. 46: 1165-1170 [Dec.] 1950), to which neither of them made any reference. There seems to me to be a rather glaring fault in their statistical methods. In neither survey was proper weight given to the marked bias arising from the surveyed subjects' place of residence—whether urban or rural . Hammond and Horn do note that their rural populations contain a higher percentage of nonsmokers and a higher percentage of light smokers among smokers than obtains in their urban groups; but they fail to


Investigations of partial discharge (PD) characteristics in twisted pairs are presented. The test objects were made of conventional and chromium oxide filled enameled wires and were exposed to pulse width modulated (PWM) voltages of different rise times. To compare the performance of each insulation system, measurements of both PD inception and extinction voltages were conducted. Additionally, the number of PDs per cycle and their amplitude at different voltage levels were determined. Experimental results showed that the total PD exposure was considerably reduced for the chromium oxide filled enamel insulation as compared to that of the conventional material at the shortest voltage rise time. However, for filtered PWM waveforms with relatively longer rise times this difference became less prominent. The analysis of the results indicated that the observed effects are determined by the presence of chromium oxide filler and its electrical properties.


A self-consistant calculation of coupled P-D resonances of π-π scattering is made by the bootstrap machanism. The procedure consists of the Mandelstam representation and the dispertion relations of inverse anplitudes conbimed with consistency. The influence of inelastic effect to p-resonance is disccused, The resulting resonances have the masses of 740 Mev and 1150 Mev for p-and D-resonances respectively.


This study aims to analyze the material aspects of environmental category in Specific Standards Disclosure about Guidance for Disclosures on Management Approach (DMA) in accordance with Sustainability Reporting Guidelines (Global Reporting Initiative–4) of PT. Aneka Tambang's 2014 Sustainability Report. DMA is intended to give the organization an opportunity to explain how environmental impacts related to material aspects are managed. DMA provides narrative information on how an company identifies, analyzes, and responds to its actual and potential impacts. This study is a qualitative research that uses secondary data obtained through the official website of PT. Aneka Tambang and uses documentation as a method of data collection. The results showed that the DMA disclosures for Environmental Category disclosed in the 2014 Sustainability Report of PT. Aneka Tambang Tbk. have not fully in accordance with the GRI-G4, because not every items required by GRI-G4 is included in DMA disclosure.

Keyword: Sustainable Development, Corporate Social Responsibility, Sustainable Reporting, Global Reporting Initiative.


The material removal of SiC /Al particulate( SiCp /Al) metal matrix composite by micro-wire electrical discharge machining( micro-WEDM) is influenced by many factors,which makes it difficult to obtain the mathematical model of material removal rate( MRR) effectively. To solve this problem,an experimental study method is conducted under the constraint conditions. A central composite design( CCD)testing with 3-factor and 5-level is carried out,SiCp /Al metal matrix composite machining test scheme is designed,and then a second-order relational model is established between MRR and main power parameters( open-circuit voltage,discharge capacitance,and pulse duration) by using response surface methodology. Through multiple quadratic fitting,a quadratic regression mathematical model of MRR is obtained.Constrains of actual machining condition upon the parameters are analyzed further. With the goal of improving MRR of SiCp /Al metal matrix composite by micro-WEDM,a parameters optimization model is established. Particle swarm optimization algorithm and its procedure are designed to solve the model. The result shows that the algorithm could be used to achieve optimized process parameters which satisfy multiple constraints rapidly and effectively.


Adaptive optics systems are still a relatively new technology. As such, characterization of their performance under a given set of conditions still has many uncertainties. For instance, even though many variables for a particular imaging scenario are uncontrollable, such as seeing conditions, object brightness (visual magnitude), and object size/distance, many other Adaptive Optics System (AOS) parameters can be controlled by the system operator. These include system integration time, imaging and Wavefront Sensor (WFS) wavelengths, closed loop bandwidth, image exposure time, and others. Selecting parameter settings for these variables to yield the "best quality" image is far from obvious. Further, what does the "best quality" image mean?


The effects of BHSH on L-DOPA-induced increase in dopamine content in PC12 cells were investigated. L-DOPA treatment at increased dopamine content after both 24 and 48 h of incubation in PC12 cells. However, the co-treatments of BHSH with L-DOPA significantly inhibited the increase of dopamine content induced by L-DOPA. BHSH treatment at significantly inhibited basal aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) activity in a concentration-dependent manner at 15 min, and then AADC activity was rapidly recovered to the control level at about 2 h. These results indicate that the inhibition of AADC activity by BHSH was, in part, contributed to the early-stage decrease of dopamine content induced by LDOPA in PC12 cells. Taken together, it is proposed that the short-term inhibition of dopamine biosynthesis by BHSH was mediated by the regulation of tyrosine hydroxylace (TH).


Clay‐rich deposits are commonly assumed to be aquitards which act as natural hydraulic barriers due to their low hydraulic connectivity. Postdepositional weathering processes are known to increase the permeability of aquitards in the near surface but not impact on deeper parts of relatively thick formations. However, syndepositional processes affecting the hydraulic properties of aquitards have previously received little attention in the literature. Here, we analyze a 31 m deep sediment core recovered from an inland clay‐rich sedimentary sequence using a combination of techniques including particle size distribution and microscopy, centrifuge dye tracer testing and micro X‐ray CT imaging. Subaerial deposition of soils within these fine grained alluvial deposits has led to the preservation of considerable macropores (root channels or animal burrows). Connected pores and macropores thus account for vertical hydraulic conductivity (K) of 4.2×10−9 m/s (geometric mean of 13 samples) throughout the thick aquitard, compared to a matrix K that is likely < 10−10 m/s, the minimum K value that was measured. Our testing demonstrates that such syndepositional features may compromise the hydraulic integrity of what otherwise appears to have the characteristics of a much lower permeability aquitard. Heterogeneity within a clay‐rich matrix could also enhance vertical connectivity, as indicated by digital analysis of pore morphology in CT images. We highlight that the paleo‐environment under which the sediment was deposited must be considered when aquitards are investigated as potential natural hydraulic barriers and illustrate the value of combining multiple investigation techniques for characterizing clay‐rich deposits.


In order to increase the failure temperature of a Ta diffusion barrier for Cu, the suppression of silicide formation in a Ta/Si system by ion-beam-assisted deposition of Ta film was investigated. When the Ta layer was deposited without ion bombardment, the reaction between Ta and Si started at 600 °C. In the case where the Ta film was prepared with concurrent ion bombardment, however, the silicide formation was retarded up to 700 °C. The suppression of Ta silicide formation can be attributed to a densification of grain boundaries in the Ta film by ion bombardment, followed by a reduction of the chemical driving force for the initial stage of silicide formation. The Ta diffusion barrier deposited by ion-beam-assisted deposition effectively suppressed the reaction between Si and Cu layers up to 650 °C for 30 min.


The objectives of this research were to develop and validate the proposed structural equation model of team effectiveness then estimate direct and indirect effect of variables toward to team effectiveness. Data were collected from the organizations which awarded Thailand Quality Award. Simple random sampling got 415 samples from 5 organizations included (1) Thai Acrylic Fibre Company Limited. (2) Counterservice Company Limited. (3) Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health. (4) Maemoh Power Plant Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand. (5) CPF (Thailand) Public Company Limited: Poultry Processing Business Saraburi. The instrument used for collecting was a five-point Likert scales questionnaire with Cronbach's alpha coefficient was equal to .994. Structural Equation Model analyses were performed using AMOS. The research findings showed that the proposed structural equation model of team effectiveness fit quite well with the empirical data set, (χ2 = 86.920, df = 69, p = .071, χ2/df = 1.260, GFI = .974, CFI = .997, NFI = .987, RMR = .007, RMSEA = .025) in addition teamwork values had direct effect on leadership, leadership had direct effect on team composition and team composition had direct effect on team effectiveness, at the .01 level of statistical significance. The direct effects are equal to .924, .803 and 1.508 respectively. Additionally, teamwork values had indirect effect on team effectiveness through leadership and team composition with indirect effect is equal to .792. The predictor variables: teamwork values, leadership and team composition, accounted for the variance of team effectiveness by 79 percent


Abstract : The rate of evaporation of 1,3,5-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and 2,4- dinitrotoluene (DNT) into air under ambient conditions was determined. This was accomplished by making cast pipes of TNT and 2,4-DNT. Nitrogen was passed through a pipe and then through a cold trap. The trap contained 0.5 mL of methanol and was chilled in an ice bath. The nitrogen flow rate (mL/min) through the pipe and trap was measured and after a specified amount of time the trap was disconnected and the methanol was removed. The concentration of TNT or 2,4-DNT in the methanol was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. From the mass of TNT or 2,4-DNT found, mean flow rate of nitrogen through the apparatus, and the length of time for a run, the rate of evaporation as grams per minute per square centimeter (g min cm- ) was calculated. This data was used to validate Griffy's theoretical model for determining the evaporation rate of TNT.... High Performance Liquid Chromatograph (HPLC), 2,4,6-Trinitro toluene (TNT), 2-4-Dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT), Explosives, Rate of Evaporation.


The papers of this Special Section were presented at the conference DEGIT XVI in St Petersburg, Russia, held on September 8–9, 2011. They were selected from more than 100 submitted conference papers and subjected to the normal refereeing process. Notwithstanding rather different individual perspectives, all included papers deal with various implications of multi-sector models of growth and development. Theoretical and empirical work on the interactions between long-run growth and the sectorial structure of an economy appears to gain momentum, not least in development economics. In our reading, this Special Section represents a cross-section of ongoing research efforts in what looks to become a vibrant research field of its own. Hence the authors hope that readers may find ideas and suggestions for their own work on multisector models of growth and development. The first paper by Volker Grossmann uses an endogenous growth model with a modern and a traditional sector to discuss the effects of productivity spillovers and non-homothetic demand functions on sectorial structural change and the sustainability of long-run growth in the presence of urban congestion effects. The main results of the model are that sectorial productivity spillovers may diminish the sustainable rate of long-run growth and that congestion effects may result in a negative scale effect on per capita income. The paper by Fabio Cerina and Francesco Mureddu looks at the relation between structural change and long-run growth from the perspective of a New Economic Geography model, which emphasizes the role of trade costs in explaining the pattern of development. The innovative features of their model are the possibility of a multiple equilibria regime at intermediate levels of trade cost and the way growth is affected by trade costs and agglomeration through non-homothetic demand equations. The classical core–periphery model of the New Economic Geography literature is the starting point of the paper by Alexander Sidorov and Evgeny Zhelobodko. They extend the classical model for the case where the initial distribution of the agricultural population is asymmetric and discuss, for this case, the existence and uniqueness of the short run-equilibrium and the number and stability of long-run equilibria, which both have been controversially assessed in the previous literature. The main result of


Acute promyelocytic leukemia (FAB M3) is distinguished by the pres ence of the t(15;17) and clinical response to all-Inns retinoic acid (PA) treatment. Acute promyelocytic leukemia is associated with a chromo sornal translocation which results in the fusion of genes encoding a puta five transcription factor (PML) and the retinoic acid receptor a (RARa). It is suggested that the PMIJRARa fusion protein functions as an inhib Itor of myeloid differentiation. The potential use of ribozymes as there peutic agents has been investigated in the present study. Hammerhead ribozymes, which by hybridizing to both PML and RARa sequences discriminate between the fusion transcript and the normal transcripts from the nonrearranged alleles, were designed and synthesized. Two hammerhead cleavage sites were targeted: site 1, an AUU located 4 nucleotides 3' to the fusion junction; and site 2, a UUC located 26 nucleotides 3' to the junction. Both sites are located in the RARa portion of the fusion transcripL Using a full-length PMLIRARa RNA or an RNA corresponding to 788 nucleotides of the PMLIRARa mRNA and a full lengthRARa RNAor an RNAcorrespondingto 960 nucleotidesof the RARa mRNA as model substrates, the catalytic behavior of several ribozymes was studied. A modified hammerhead directed against site 2 displayed the highest degree of selectivity for PMIJRARa. It is hypothe sized that ribozyme-mediated inactivation of PMIJRARa provides a new approach to study the role of PMIJRARa in the deregulated growth and PA response of acute promyelocytic leukemia.


The paper is devoted to the application of industrial wastes and obtaining the construction material with new properties and qualities. As a result, a facing construction material is obtained which has the external properties resembling those of marble [1].New gypsum-ceramic material is obtained by forming, roasting at 800 C and holding the item in water. The new material containing anhydrite wastes is not only resistant to water but its physico-mechanical properties increase while holding in HO. At the same time hydration with two water gypsum formation takes place which additionally strengthens the material filling the pores with new-formations. The material consists of 70% of wastes containing anhydrite (more than 92%), the rest - calcium fluoride and calcium carbonate (fluoride anhydrite is the waste of enterprise "Halogen", Perm).


One-year-old seedlings of Phoebe zhennan and Cinnamomum burmanni were treated with drought stress and re-watering,the photosynthetic rate(Pn),the transpiration rate(Tr),the water use efficiency(WUE) and the stomatal conductance(Gs) were determined and analyzed with drought stress of the two tree species.The results showed that when the drought stress occurred,each index of Phoebe zhennan and Cinnamomum burmanni showed a tendency to decline;but at the beginning of the re-watering,the photosynthetic parameters had different degree of rising trend.By contrast,the resistance performance of Cinnamomum burmanni was better than that of Phoebe zhennan.


Wireless visual sensor networks find a wide range of applications such as environment and habitat monitoring, object tracking, surveillance, etc. Unlike sensor networks targeting telemetry applications, which typically use "scalar" sensors, visual sensor networks produce richer, multi-media information and therefore raise additional challenges related to efficient use of energy-, node-, and network-resources. In this paper, we introduce SCmesh, a mesh network of solar-powered wireless camera nodes. Using SCmesh, low-cost, solar-powered, visual sensing nodes are able to transfer video files as well as collaborate on tasks such as visual processing, event detection, object tracking, etc. SCmesh allows node-to-node, as well as scoped- or full broadcast communication. We deploy SCmesh in a smart visual sensor network deployment and showcase its functionality and performance.


In considering the intellectual context for the New Zealand Constitution Act 1852, this essay examines a web of Whig-liberal and Tory as well as radical precepts influencing its drafting and the political constitutional culture it both expressed and reflected. In so doing, it contends that it is insufficient to label New Zealand's historical, political constitutional fabric or the 1852 constitution specifically as, say, "pragmatic". Rather, this article argues for a richer, historical engagement with political constitutionalism. This article will also examine the intellectual influences underlying an alternative, previously unidentified, draft constitution referred to as the "MS project".


Based on PID neural network control and the characters of decoupling systems, arithmetic and structure of single neural PID decoupling is proposed .The arithmetic can be use in multiple input and multiple output decoupling systems and can realize decoupling control for coupling systems .The simulated results show that this kind of arithmetic is better than the general PID decoupling .It not only has better dynamic performance and stability but also has better self-learning function and self-adapting decoupling ability.


The article presents the materials of the study of organizational behavior, which the authors conducted from the mid-90s of the XX century to 2019. The authors of the article believe that the professional behavior of the personnel of commercial enterprises is largely determined by the organizational culture that has developed there and, above all, the value orientations of employees. The article presents the author's view of Russian and foreign literature. The history of the development of views on organizational culture is touched upon. In addition to fairly well-known authors, Edgar Schein, Gerd Hofstede, the authors cite ideas of less well-known in Russia, Trompenaars F., Hampden-Turner C. Singer M.R, Hall E.T., M. Polanyi, revealing the internal contradictions of the paradigm that has developed in foreign historiography. Contradictions in the Russian historiography of organizational culture are revealed based on the analysis of supporters of classical foreign views, Blagov Yu.E., Katkalo V.S., Savchenko L.S., those who rely on traditional Russian concepts, Yadov, V.A., Avdoshina, N. V., Vaskina, Y. V. Gostev A. A. Huseynov A.A., Kagan M.S., and those who try to combine all the diversity of approaches and concepts in their research, Marshev V.I., Shklyaeva N.A., Salikhova E.R., Zakharova L.N. Based on this, the authors propose their own version of the model of organizational culture and methods for studying its dynamics, substantiate the advantages of using their model and methodology in the analysis of organizational processes in commercial enterprises. Based on the processing of some research results, certain assessments are proposed that relate to changes in value orientations in organizations of various types. The authors draw conclusions about the causes and nature of the changes that have occurred. Measures to improve public policy are proposed.


Nowadays, image and video compression are well developed fields of signal processing. Modern state-of-the-art coders allow better compression with better quality. A new field in signal processing is representation of 3D scenes. 3D visual scenes may be captured by stereoscopic or multi-view camera settings. The captured multi-view video can be compressed directly or converted to more abstract 3D data representations such as 3D dynamic meshes (mesh sequences) and efficiently compressed. In any case, efficiently compressed visual data has to be transmitted over communication channels, such as wireless channels or best-effort networks. This raises the problem of error protection, since most of these channels are error-prone. A common approach to error protection is to consider it as a pure channel problem, separate from the source compression problem. This approach is based on Shannon's work, which states that in principle source and channel coding tasks can be carried out independently with no loss of efficiency. However, this cannot be achieved in practice due to delay requirements and other problems. As an alternative, one can tolerate channel losses. Assuming that not all the data sent has reached the decoder, one can concentrate on ensuring efficient decoding of the correctly received data only. One way to achieve this is to use multiple description coding (MDC). The source is encoded into several descriptions, which are sent to the decoder independently over different channels. The decoder can reconstruct the source with lower yet acceptable quality from any description received. Better reconstruction quality is obtained from more descriptions. This thesis investigates MDC of images, video, stereoscopic video, and 3D meshes thus validating MDC as an error resilience tool for various types of multimedia data. The thesis consists of four main chapters. Chapter 2 deals with MDC of images. It introduces an MDC algorithm


Research background: Recent decades may undoubtedly be deemed as a period of exceptional transformation on a global scale. One element of this transformation is the reorganisation of traditional ways of business management (on all ontological levels). As a result, agile approach is increasingly often considered one of the key aspects of building the competitive advantage of a company. In this paper, agile approach is understood as the businesses' capability of responding promptly to market needs.
Purpose of the article: The aim of this paper is to present the research results on the use of agile approach in chosen organizations. More specifically, the main purpose of this article is to describe how organizations are transformed with use of the agile approach.
Methods: In accordance with the goal of the article, the organizations selected for empirical research are characterized by revenue increase levels of over 100% (such organizations undergo a dynamic transformation caused by growth), and employment ranging from 10 to 50 employees. The studied companies operate mainly in the IT industry and use technologies to organize the processes of identification and tracking of customer behaviour to a large extent. Several research methods were used in this paper: literature studies, expert interview, participant observation, and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient.
Findings & Value added: The article describes the usage level of the agile (and linear) approach in the organizational transformation (through the dynamic growth of revenues), and presents the agile approach model, which can be used as an accelerator of the business' development. In addition, the authors undertook the first (limited and unrepresentative) attempt to evaluate the use of agile approach in the context of such indicators as: communication with customers, profit increase, and minimization of the risk related to introducing a new product on the market.


Marketing in Asia uses an active-learning approach to bring traditional theories and contemporary concepts to life. It provides the most up-to-date, comprehensive, engaging, and integrated learning experience for marketing students and marketers in today's challenging world. Based on the best-selling U.S. text Marketing, Marketing in Asia is written with the Asian student in mind, with illustrations and case studies focused on companies in Asia to help the student understand the applications of marketing concepts by seeing these companies in action.


Introduction: First Steps to Optimal Health and Fitness throughout Life Potential for Health Historical Aspects: Pedagogy and Education Physiology of Children Secular Trend: Acceleration of Growth Influence of Environmental Factors What Are the Aims? Theoretical Considerations: What Can We Learn from the Natural and Experimental Models? Influence of Diet Early in Life and Its Delayed Effects Influence of Increased PA during Pregnancy on the Later Development of Offspring Influence of Other Factors during Pregnancy Exercise during Pre- and Postnatal Ontogeny and Cardiac Microstructure of the Offspring Influence of PA on the Development of Experimental Cardiac Necrosis Impact of the Interactions between Early Diet and PA on Experimental Cardiac Necrosis General Considerations Nutrition of Pregnant Mothers and Their Children in Early Life: Human Studies Variability of Practices during Pregnancy and Lactation in Different Societies Position in Industrially Developed Countries Influence of Genetic Factors on Growth and Health Risks in the Offspring Impact of Maternal Status on Offspring Relationships among Anthropometric, Dietary, and Serum Lipid Variables of the Mother and the Newborn General Considerations Growth and Somatic Development of Preschool Children Introduction Evaluation of Somatic Growth Cross-Sectional Surveys of Anthropometric Variables Longitudinal Studies of Children from 3 to 6 Years of Age Body Composition and Fat Pattern Somatotypes Body Posture Relationship between Heights and Weights of Parents and Anthropometric Variables of Preschool Children Other Surveys General Considerations Nutritional Status and Dietary Intake in Early Life Introduction Energy Requirements Protein Requirements Fats Carbohydrates Minerals and Trace Elements Vitamins Methods for the Evaluation of Dietary Intake Dietary Intake and Energy Output in Czech Preschoolers: Results of Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Surveys Food Intake and Energy Output in Other Preschool Child Populations Food Habits, Preferences, and Aversions in Preschool Age RDAs for Preschool Children: Is There a Need for Further Revision? General Considerations and Recommendations Functional Development and Physical Activity during Early Childhood Introduction PA, EE, and Physical Fitness in Young Children Evaluation of PA and Physical Fitness Cardiorespiratory Fitness Motor and Sensomotor Development: Gross and Fine Motorics Metabolic and Biochemical Characteristics Studies of Biochemical Variables, Blood Pressure, and Fatness in Other Populations General Considerations Influence of Varying Nutrition and Environment on Somatic Development and Physical Fitness Introduction Growth and Development Influence of Different Types of Nutrition and Dietary Intake Surveys in Populations Varying in Environment and Dietary Intake Influence of Severe Malnutrition Problems of Child Labor General Considerations Development of Obesity and Its Influence on the Functional Capacity of Children and Youth Obesity in Young Children Changes of Obesity Prevalence with Time in Different Countries Genetic and Hereditary Factors in Early Childhood Obesity Maternal and Familial Factors in the Development of Childhood Obesity Early Factors in Obesity Development Evaluation of Obesity Results of Studies in Young Obese Subjects Health Complications of Obesity in Children Management of Obesity: Prevention and Treatment at an Early Age Morphological, Functional, and Biochemical Changes after Reduction Treatment General Considerations: Role of Obesity Interventions for Optimal Development at an Early Age Influence of Environmental Factors Introduction Influence of Living Conditions in the Capital and in Other Parts of the Czech Republic Economic Level and Birth Rank Environment, Risk Pregnancy, Family Conditions, and Health Effect of Birth Weight Effect of Family Situation Effect of Education of Parents Health Status of Children General Considerations Influence of Motor Stimulation, Physical Education, and Spontaneous Physical Activity Introduction Motor Development of Infants Experimental Observations on the Impact of Motor Stimulation in Infants Toddlers Motor Development and Education of Children Aged 3-6 Years What to Avoid in the Motor Stimulation in Young Children Influence of Exercise in Preschoolers Spontaneous PA, Somatic and Functional Development, Food Intake, and Blood Lipids Other Surveys on the Effect of PA and Exercise at an Early Age General Considerations Criteria for the Evaluation of Morphological and Functional Development in Preschool Children: Recommendations Body Size and Body Composition Functional Measurements: Cardiorespiratory Fitness Motor Development Sensomotor Development Dietary Intake and Biochemical Characteristics Summary of Experimental Results Studies in Experimental Models with Laboratory Animals Observations on the Influence of Maternal Nutrition on the Newborn Morphological and Functional Surveys in Preschool Children Surveys of Children with Various Environmental Conditions and Different Levels of Nutrition Obesity in Young Children Influence of Exercise Perspectives: Physical Activity, Early Prevention of Diseases, and Development of Positive Health Appendix 1 Body Posture Appendix 2 Step Test Appendix 3 Motor Performance Appendix 4 Sensomotor Tests 1180 References Index


Abstract. The Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2) carries and points a three-channel imaging grating spectrometer designed to collect high-resolution, co-boresighted spectra of reflected sunlight within the molecular oxygen (O2) A-band at 0.765 microns and the carbon dioxide (CO2) bands at 1.61 and 2.06 microns. These measurements are calibrated and then combined into soundings that are analyzed to retrieve spatially resolved estimates of the column-averaged CO2 dry-air mole fraction, XCO2. Variations of XCO2 in space and time are then analyzed in the context of the atmospheric transport to quantify surface sources and sinks of CO2. This is a particularly challenging remote-sensing observation because all but the largest emission sources and natural absorbers produce only small ( To meet its demanding measurement requirements, each OCO-2 spectrometer channel collects 24 spectra s−1 across a narrow (  17 000), dynamic range (∼ 104), and sensitivity (continuum signal-to-noise ratio > 400). The OCO-2 instrument performance was extensively characterized and calibrated prior to launch. In general, the instrument has performed as expected during its first 18 months in orbit. However, ongoing calibration and science analysis activities have revealed a number of subtle radiometric and spectroscopic challenges that affect the yield and quality of the OCO-2 data products. These issues include increased numbers of bad pixels, transient artifacts introduced by cosmic rays, radiance discontinuities for spatially non-uniform scenes, a misunderstanding of the instrument polarization orientation, and time-dependent changes in the throughput of the oxygen A-band channel. Here, we describe the OCO-2 instrument, its data products, and its on-orbit performance. We then summarize calibration challenges encountered during its first 18 months in orbit and the methods used to mitigate their impact on the calibrated radiance spectra distributed to the science community.


To explore the progress of theory of acupuncture therapy on subcortical aphasia due to apoplexy by means of summarizing related papers at home and abroad on subcortical aphasia and study in a decade on acupucnture therapy on that case.


Stata's xtmixed command can be used to fit mixed models, models that contain both fixed and random effects. The fixed effects are merely the coefficients from a standard linear regression. The random effects are not directly estimated but summarized by their variance components, which are estimated from the data. As such, xtmixed is typically used to incorporate complex and multilevel random-effects structures into standard linear regression. xtmixed's syntax is complex but versatile, allowing it to be used widely, even for situations that do not fit the classical "mixed" framework. In this talk, I will give a tutorial on uses of xtmixed not commonly considered, including examples of heteroskedastic errors, group structures on random effects, and smoothing via penalized splines.


We survey the vector-valued theory of Fourier multipliers and singular integrals, especially concentrating on identifying the border between the one-parameter theory valid in UMD spaces and the multiparameter theory valid in UMD spaces with property (α). Some new results are also proved which clarify this question. Mathematics Subject Classification (2000): 42B15 (Primary); 42B20, 46E40 (Secondary).


Test case ordering can have significant effects on the cost, duration, or safety of a test suite. As the total number of possible orderings is n! for n test cases, finding a cost-optimal ordering can be a non-trivial problem. Combinatorial algorithms that generate t-wise test suites either explicitly randomize sequence or order them as a side effect of the algorithm. Design of experiments uses similar strategies to select test configurations and requires sequence randomization for statistical validity. Both approaches produce test sequences that are very likely sub-optimal with respect to cost. This paper presents an integer programming model that minimizes the total cost of a test sequence and notes, for experimental design, how statistical validity may be preserved for a non-random order.


Objective To investigate the application value of TEE hybrid procedure for congenital heart diseases(CHD) without cardiopulmonary bypass.Methods Totally 167patients with CHD were selected by TTE as preliminary screening and scheduled to undergo hybrid procedure.TEE was used for further selecting of the patients,choosing the right Amplatzer device and monitoring the hybrid procedure,as well as for evaluation of therapeutic efficacy.Results Twenty-four patients with atrial septal defect(ASD) and 121patients with ventricular septal defect(VSD) got successful outcomes in the hybrid procedure.One case of ASD and 5cases of VSD showed slight residual shunt by postoperative TEE examination.Three months later,the residual shunt of 1case of ASD and 4cases of VSD disappeared.One case of VSD showed blood flow of outflow tract of right ventricular a little faster.One case of VSD without preoperative aortic valve regurgitation showed postoperative mild-to-moderate regurgitation.Hybrid procedure failed in 3cases of ASD and 9cases of VSD,and then were closured under extracorporeal circulation.Hybrid procedure was gave up in 1case of ASD and 2cases of VSD because of too small gap of ASD or VSD,in 7cases of VSD with aortic valve prolapse while were finally treated with surgical repair.Conclusion In hybrid procedure of congenital heart diseases,TEE can provide technical support for the choice of patients and Amplatzer device,and monitoring,guiding,evaluating the surgery in real-time,reducing surgical risk,therefore improving the success rate of operation.


Purpose : The menu is a list of human foods that are displayed, healthy food aims to make the body feel comfortable, have more energy for activities and avoid disease, indicators of healthy food, namely, a plant-based diet, high antioxidants and animal protein, food is a basic need that is needed at all times . This study will discuss the potential contained in healthy food menus in restaurants and draw conclusions from the results, to find out healthy food is a trend icon for one of the consumers and the SaladBar by Hadikitchen conceptualizes a healthy food menu for consumers.
Research methods: Research method uses a qualitative descriptive analysis method with an interactive data analysis technique approach, from observation, interviews, documentation, data reduction, presentation, drawing conclusions and is included with the validity of the data, namely validity and reliability tests.
Results and Discussions: A healthy lifestyle is something that cannot be abandoned by everyone, this lifestyle is a trend in the present time, because in this era there continue to be many new diseases, healthy in the fundamental sense is all the things that are trying to share good results or consequences for our body, a healthy lifestyle is something that is very suitable for doing our life,  on the contrary, a healthy lifestyle is a path that must be taken to get a healthy body physically and spiritually.
Implication: The healthy food menu is a consumer icon trend because of its unique use of raw materials.

Keywords: restaurant, menu, healthy food.


The rapidly developing and widely distributed resin flow syndrom in Norway spruce (Picea abies) in southern Sweden has an unknown cause. One suggestion for its cause is the occurence of six "abnormally" mild winters from 1987/88 to 1992/93. This situation, together with hard spring frost is supposed to pose an unfavourable climatic combination for spruce. Daily temperature data (mean, maximum and minimum) for the period 1961-1994, from 20 synoptic stations from south Sweden have been used to investigate this hypothesis. In order to better analyse the effect of spring frost, a spring frost index (VFI) has been developed. This index is biologically based and defined as: "The largest temperature sum that can be calculated from the last day in a sequence of four days with air mean temperatures exceeding +5 °C, to the next following day with a minimum temperature that falls below -2 °C within the period April 1 to May 15. "
The maritime influence on the air temperature in southern Sweden has increased since 1930. In a span of 65 years, the winter temperature in the 1990s has, in spite of this, not been exceptionally high, since mild winter periods appear frequently. It is also apparent that mild winters are commonly followed by a high VFI in the spring. The maritime influence is the main factor for where and when high VFI occur. A high VFI and spring frost during May is much more frequent in inland areas than in coastal settings. Hence, if spring frost is an important factor in developing the resin flow syndrom, inland areas ought to show more frequent damage. However, a survey in southern Sweden in 1994 does not indicate any higher frequency of the syndrom in the inland as compared to coastal areas.
The observed resin flow syndrom can not be connected to a mild winter temperature climate nor to a high frequency or severety of spring frost.


[Moscow, U.S.S.R. 7.4.62] The following remarks seem to be called for in connection with "Linguistic Anthropology as an Emergent," ("Anthropological Horizons" CA 3:83). When CA takes its comprehensive view of "The Study of Man," this implies a serious attempt to realize interdisciplinary communication. It was, therefore, most important to organize a Symposium and bring together anthropologists-"social," "physical," and "linguistic" anthropologists. Language does occupy a special and very important place in culture. But a proper understanding of what that place really is seems at present to be less attainable than during the 19th century. This is due to the obsession that linguistics is a study of languages as "codes." As a matter of fact, however, this is not "linguistics," but only a part of it, not inappropriately described as "microlinguistics." Linguistics proper is "macrolinguistics" and/or "psycholinguistics" or "linguistic anthropology"a cumbersome circumlocution! Linguists are becoming increasingly aware of the necessity of taking a broader view of their subject. This is manifested in recent publications (see, e.g., Psycholinguistics, A Book of Reading, 1961, ed. by Sol Saporta, New York; or Style in Language, 1960, ed. by R. A. Sebeok, New York and London). In addition to "Linguistic Anthropology," there exists "Anthropological linguistics." An interesting definition of this term and an explanation of its subject is contained in H. Hoijer's "Anthropological Linguistics" in Trends in European and American Linguistics, 1961, ed. on the occasion of the 9th International Congress of Linguists by Chr. Mohrmann, Alf Sommerfelt, and Joshua Whatmough, Antwerp. My idea, then, is this: CURRENT ANTHROPOLOGY iS the only journal (and organization) which can sort out all these disciplines and rationalize methods of research and proper distribution of labour.


Scale-likeleaves and occasional club-shaped appendages collected from the Middle Jurassic Haifanggou Formation, western Liaoning, Northeast China were de scribed. They were formerly considered by K. Pan to be dicots. But in this study we could not find the fact that they could be regarded as dicots. We are of the opinion that they would correspond to the scale leaves of a certain cycadophyte, but it is difficult to ascertain whether they are bennettitalean (e.g. Cycadolepis) or cycadalean (e.g. Deltolepis), because of the lack of their preserved cuticles. Under the circumstances, we propose a non-committal genus Pankuangia and describe P. haifanggouensis sp. nov. to accommodate the present specimens.


YIG waveguides and polarizers were integrated monolithically onto semiconductors. The waveguide losses were 1.55 dB/mm with Faraday rotations of 0.2 dB/mm. Birefringence was minimized by optimized etching. Photonic crystal polarizers and biasing films completed the isolator.


Mixed packing-covering linear programs capture a simple but expressive subclass of linear programs. They commonly arise as linear programming relaxations of a number important combinatorial problems, including various network design and generalized matching problems. In this paper, we propose an efficient distributed approximation algorithm for solving mixed packing-covering problems which requires a poly-logarithmic number of passes over the input. Our algorithm is well-suited for parallel processing on GPUs, in shared-memory architectures, or on small clusters of commodity nodes. We report results of a case study for generalized bipartite matching problems.


The Andaman Islands were the site of several of the study's operations. These places mostly consisted of those that tourists frequented and where locals who had experience with or knowledge of tourism lived. Even though the islands' tourist industry is still in its early stages of growth, the development might yet have a negative impact on the nature and traditional culture of the islands. The research attempts to present a solution to the issues that the local populace and tourists encounter in the Andaman Islands. Additionally, the study offers sufficient solutions to the issues experienced by the stakeholders. The study's findings will aid decision-makers in comprehending the issues facing these two significant tourist industry stakeholders.


The progresses on the establishing methods of the geometrical model of the grinding wheel and the cutting mechanisms of the abrasive grains in the geometrical modeling of the grinding process are presented, and the problems in those methods and mechanisms are analyzed; the developments on the analytical modeling and experiential modeling of the grinding force in the grinding process are introduced, and the disadvantages in those modeling methods are analyzed. The progresses on the heat partitioning and the heat sourcing figures in the modeling of the grinding temperature field are briefly introduced; the difficulties in the numerical simulation of the grinding process are also discussed.


Consulting Everett NL Wiersedreef 5-7 3433ZX Nieuwegein, NL email@example.com Abstract: There have been many initiatives around open source identity and access management, federated authentication standards and products for the web. All of these products and standards require a user store with credential information. Most often this is an LDAP directory. The most common type of credentials still is the combination of a username and a password.


The present paper deals with preliminary phytochemical screening of Vitex species (Verbenaceae), used by the local adivasi communities for different human and veterinary ailments. The personal interviews conducted with local herbal practitioners and critical review of literature yielded 7 species of Vitex as an effective remedy for fever, cancer, diabetes, dysentery, diarrhoea, asthma, leprosy, menstrual disorders, rheumatic pains etc. The preliminary phytochemical screening was conducted on the leaf samples which were used as drug and composition of various groups of chemical constituents was discussed.


To evaluate the size distribution of filling particles in polymer nanocomposites,put forward an evaluation method of filling particles size distribution.The method improved filling particles size distribution model, overlap nanocomposite TEM image with parallel lines array. Extracted filling particles size distribution parameter based on the superposition situation of nanocomposite TEM image and parallel lines array. Applied in Epoxy/SiO_2 nanocomposite filling particles size distribution evaluation.The results showed the method's high performance.


This paper generalizes the theory of universal hashing in the construction of cryptographic protocols using grouptheoretic language formalisms. This idea is due to Wegman and Carter who gave a construction in 1981 which is extremely useful when the number of authenticators is small compared to the number of possible source states (plaintext messages) in order to accommodate the situation where we would like to authenticate a sequence of messages with the same key. Unlike previous methods for doing this we do not require that each message in the sequence have a "counter" attached to it. We provide necessary definitions and theory and then give a construction which achieves our goals.


For applications involving 2,000- to 3,000-c radiation units for long and medium distance use, and 200- to 300-c radration units for short distance use, this instrument, which was designed mainly for therapeutic uses, can be adapted for other uses also. Cs/sup 137/ does not require replacement of the radiation source as does Co/sup 60/, and the shielding of the equipment and the building is much simpler than with Co/sup 60/. (OID)