Examines how construction labor markets operate in the absence of unions. Hiring practices in nonunion construction; Training background of workers; Employer attitudes toward the need for training. (Abstract copyright EBSCO.)


PurposeThe fast-growth of tourism industry in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has increased supply chain activities that harm the environment. Although there are some studies which have investigated the impact of tourism supply chain on sustainable performance, little is known on the side of SSA. Based on the natural resource-based view (NRBV), this study examines the effects of green purchasing, green packaging and reverse logistics on sustainable performance in SSA.Design/methodology/approachThis study applies the structural equation modeling (SEM) to test the conceptual model based on the data collected in mid of 2020 from 167 firms in tourism industry in Tanzania.FindingsThe results demonstrate that green purchasing (GP) has positive effects on environmental performance (EVP) and social performance (SCP). Green packaging (GPa) has positive effects on EVP but no significant influence on SCP. Also, reverse logistics (RL) has positive effects on SCP but no significant influence on EVP. Besides, both EVP and SCP positively influence ECP and mediate the relationships between GP, GPa and RL with ECP.Originality/valueThis study provides a novel framework in sustainable tourism supply chain literature by empirically investigating the relationship between tourism supply chain practices and sustainable performance in SSA.


The process, commissioning and retrofitting of a sulphuric acid plant based on low concentration lead sintering machine off-gas are described, in which DynaWave Scrubber gas cleaning technology and WSA sulphuric acid process were adopted. Due to high dust content, DynaWave Scrubber did not attain the performance expected and WSA system also had some problems with structure and materials of key equipment. Retrofitting proved satisfactory with product acid concentration of 97% -98% , sulphur recovery of ≥98% , SO2 content of ≤572 mg/m3 and acid mist content of ≤45 mg/m3 in tail gas.


We use 2‐D thermomechanical models to investigate the early evolution of rifted margin salt tectonics in terms of the competition among margin tilt, salt flow, and sediment aggradation. Model experiments include initial geometry of the rifted margin and autochthonous salt basin, subsequent synrift and thermal subsidence, sediment and water loading, and sediment compaction. We also calculate the thermal evolution of the system to investigate the impact of the high thermal conductivity of the salt (halite). Model Set 1 demonstrates a two‐phase response to salt deposition: short‐term thermal equilibration between the salt and crust and longer‐term relaxation in which the salt basin thermal image penetrates to a depth on the order of its width. Set 2 addresses the competition among margin tilt, salt flow, and sediment aggradation. Set 3 examines other factors, the salt basin width and depth, and the rifted margin width, which potentially affect the system evolution. Set 4 shows that sawtooth subsalt topography, representing faulted basement grabens, does not strongly impede salt flow. The model results are discussed in terms of a ternary diagram with apices representing tilt, salt flow, and sedimentation rates. Characteristic styles include the following: (1) tilt and rapid salt flow draining salt to the distal basin before the sediment aggrades, (2) an equivalent system with faster aggradation that captures draining salt as diapirs between minibasins, and (3) rapid sediment aggradation in which diapir‐minibasins systems develop before the salt drains. Thermal consequences of these styles are discussed. A preliminary comparison shows that salt structures resembling these styles occur in the southwest Nova Scotian margin.


The morphology of the male genitalia has provided many useful characters for the systematics of Hemiptera. The genitalia and mating behaviour seem to have played crucial roles in the evolution of the Hemiptera. Although the literature on the male genitalic structures in Hemiptera is considerable, there has been very little attempt to compare the systems in the whole order. The present book provides a huge of morphological and anatomical data on the male genitalia of the Hemiptera. The book is divided into 11 sections in addition to an abstract. The section titles are: Introduction, Historical review, Techniques and methods, Acknowledgments, Terminology, Introductory account, Special morphology, Origin and evolution of structures, Discussion, Reference, and Appendix. Line illustrations of the male genitalia are provided for the following hemipteran groups and species: Aphidoidea (2 species), Coccoidea (5), Aleyrodoidea (1), Psylloidea (18), Cercopoidea (11), Cicadoidea (35), Membracoidea (including Cicadelloidea, 14 species), Fulgoroidea [432 species in 21 families: Tettigometridae (16), Caliscelidae (7), Hypochthonellidae (1), Gengidae (2), Eurybrachidae (1); Lophopidae (9), Ricaniidae (20), Tropiduchidae (21), Flatidae (26), Nogodinidae (14), Issidae (43), Acanaloniidae (3), Fulgoridae (31), Dictyopharidae (31), Kinnaridae (4), Meenoplidae (14), Delphacidae (66), Cixiidae (34), Derbidae (55), Achilidae (33) and Achilixiidae (1)], Coleorrhyncha (2) and Heteroptera (36). Obviously, the great part of this book is devoted to the Fulgoroidea, a group on which the authors have been working since 1980's. The brief discussions on the homologues of the male genitalic structures in different hemipteran groups and on the origin and evolution of the male genitalia in the order will be interesting to hemipterists. Several novelties on Fulgoroidea in the book should be noted. The Caliscelidae was formally given a family rank which includes Caliscelini and Augilini although no synapomorphies shared by the two tribes were found in the phylogenetic analysis in the book. A new familiar relationship hypothesis in the Fulgoroidea is proposed in the appendix based on the male genitalic characters and other morphological characters, with (Cicadoidea + Cercopoidea) + Membracoidea as outgroups: Tettigometridae + (Augilini + Caliscelini + «Hypochthonellidae + Gengidae) + «(Eurybrachidae + Lophopidae + Ricaniidae) + (Tropiduchidae + (Flatidae + Nogodinidae + Issidae + Acanaloniidae))) + «Fulgoridae + Dictyopharidae) + «Kinnaridae + Meenoplidae) + Delphacidae) + «Cixiidae + Derbidae) + (Achilidae + Achilixiidae)))))). This differs from the hypothesis advocated by Emeljanov (1990) and also contradicts with the current opinions that the Fulgoroidea is the sister group of the Heteroptera + Coleorrhyncha and that the traditional Auchenorrhyncha and Homoptera are both paraphyletic. For those who work on the Hemiptera, this book is a must. However, the readers should be aware of the many old specific combinations used in the book.


This article examines various concepts for propulsion battery concepts for a glider aircraft. These are distinguished by the type of battery pack and by the DC/AC inverter. The different concepts are a conventional battery with fixed series and parallel configuration connected to a three-level inverter, a variable DC voltage source based on dynamically Reconfigurable Battery System (RBS) as the main energy storage unit connected to the same inverter as in a conventional case. The third one is a multi-level energy system containing separate flexibly configurable battery modules for each phase of the electrical motor. All considerations will be made for a three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor for the maximum power of 80 kW. For each of the energy storage concepts an analysis of the efficiency of the whole system as well as its sub-components was made.


As a significant perceptual audio coding standard, AC-3 has been widely applied in such areas as DTV and etc. The bit allocation module in AC-3 encoder plays a decisive role to the quality of the whole audio encoder. In this paper, based on the quantitative analysis of the SNRoffset, the theory deduction is provided, and formula to estimate the relation between the volume of bit allocation and the volume of SNRoffset is obtained, so that the optimal value of SNRoffset could be approached effectively. Then, based on the deduction, an efficient algorithm of the bit allocation is presented according the first degree approximation and the convergence control. Finally, several experiments are conducted which mainly focus on two parameters: the iteration times and the number of bit left, which weigh the accuracy and efficiency respectively. The experiment results show that this algorithm can both greatly enhance the accuracy and efficiency of the bit allocation in AC-3 encoder.


Sustained pressure overload causes cardiac hypertrophy and the transition to heart failure. We show here that dietary supplementation with physiologically relevant levels of copper (Cu) reverses pre‐established hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in the presence of pressure overload induced by ascending aortic constriction (AAC) in mouse model. We subjected adult male mice (10 wks old) to AAC. Mice were fed standard AIN‐93 diet containing 6 mg Cu/kg diet, which is the adequate level of Cu for mice according to the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) established by the Food and Nutritional Board of the Institute of Medicine and is equivalent to the current DRI for humans (0.9 mg Cu/day). Four wks after the AAC surgery, some mice were switched to a diet containing 20 mg Cu/kg while others remained on the original 6 mg Cu/kg diet. Then 8 wks after the AAC, all of the mice were harvested for analyses. Heart hypertrophy developed and cardiac contractile dysfunction occurred 4 wks after AAC and further progressed in mice fed 6 mg Cu/kg diet for another 4 wks. But 4 wks after the AAC‐treated mice were switched to 20 mg Cu/kg diet (6 mg × 4wks > 20 mg × 4 wks Cu/kg), the hypertrophic cardiomyopathy was almost completely reversed. Sustained pressure overload leads to decreases in cardiac Cu and suppression of cytochrome c oxidase (CCO) activity along with mitochondropathy. The protein levels of CCO subunit Va and VIb were significantly decreased in sustained pressure overload hearts. Cu supplementation replenishes Cu and recovered CCO activity along with regression of mitochondropathy. The CCO Va and VIb protein levels were also normalized. Therefore, dietary Cu supplementation improves the condition of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy along with recovery of CCO activity and reversal of mitochondropathy in the presence of sustained pressure overload.


In this paper, a novel spatial-temporal multi-scale method (STMSM) is proposed to solve the problem of detecting multiple moving objects on complex background. Moving objects have multi-scale features both in spatial and temporal domain. The motion salience sub-spaces determine the moving features including position, size and trajectory of each moving object, then the problem of detecting moving objects can be transformed into searching optimal sub-spaces with different scales. This paper proposes a recursive algorithm for estimating motion salience in 3D space and an optimal determinant criterion. These can detect multiple objects at different spatial-temporal scales and extract their features on complex background. The experimental results show this method is effective in detecting multiple moving objects.


This study examined the role of social interactions, the work environment, and work motivation in influencing job satisfaction among employees at the Sekretariat Daerah Pontianak. The findings revealed significant relationships and provided insights into the dynamics of these variables. The results indicated that social interactions had a direct and significant impact on job satisfaction. Positive interactions, such as effective communication and collaboration, enhanced job satisfaction levels. Similarly, the work environment was found to influence job satisfaction, with factors such as physical conditions, organizational culture, and leadership practices playing a significant role. Work motivation was identified as another crucial factor affecting job satisfaction. Employees who were motivated and engaged in their work reported higher levels of job satisfaction. However, the study found that work motivation did not fully mediate the relationships between social interactions, the work environment, and job satisfaction. Based on these findings, it is recommended that the Sekretariat Daerah Pontianak prioritize fostering positive social interactions, improving the work environment, and promoting work motivation as separate but interconnected factors in enhancing job satisfaction. The study provides valuable insights for organizational leaders and policymakers to understand the factors influencing job satisfaction. By addressing social interactions, the work environment, and work motivation, the organization can create a more satisfying work experience and ultimately improve employee well-being and performance.


Purpose – To examine issues of standardization and adaptation in global marketing strategy and to explain the dynamics of standardization.Design/methodology/approach – This is a conceptual research paper that has been developed based on gaps in prior frameworks of standardization/adaptation. A three‐factor model of standardization/adaptation of global marketing strategy was developed. The three factors include homogeneity of customer response to the marketing mix, transferability of competitive advantage, and similarities in the degree of economic freedom.Findings – The model through the use of feedback effects explains the dynamics of standardization.Research limitations/implications – Future research needs to empirically test the model. To enable empirical validation, reliable and valid measures of the three factors proposed in the model need to be developed. Additionally, the model may be used in future research to delineate the impact a variable may have on the ability of a firm to follow a standardiz...


Abstract The demographic composition of Israel provided an opportunity to compare the relation between commitment forms and work/nonwork outcomes for workers from two well-established yet diverse cultures in the same geographic locale. This study examined 283 Arab and Jewish nurses in three Israeli hospitals using identical measures. As was predicted, the effects of commitment on work and nonwork outcomes were moderated by culture. Arab nurses were more committed than Jewish nurses, and their commitment had more favorable effects on their behaviors and especially on their attitudes at work. The results suggest caution when generalizing about the effects of commitment forms across different outcomes.


Abstract Valuable books and archival documents are stored in protective packaging, most frequently made of cardboard, in the depositories of archives, libraries, museums or galleries. As part of preventive conservation, the cardboard could theoretically be treated during production with suitable substances delaying ignition or decelerating flaming combustion. This work describes a study of the short-term and long-term effectiveness of selected inorganic additive flame retardants and their influence on the properties of cardboards. Substances containing silicon, boron or hydroxide anions were tested on Prolux solid cardboard and Klug corrugated cardboard. Parameters such as the linear burning rate, oxygen index, heat release rate, weight loss during heating, pH of an aqueous extract, and total colour difference were evaluated. A mixture of mica and bentonite Cloisite-Na+ in a solution of Tylose MH6000 was found to be most useful for this purpose. This mixture doubled the time to ignition of Klug cardboard; in measurements of the linear burning rate, it caused early flame self-extinction for both kinds of cardboard and, simultaneously, had no observable detrimental effect on the stability of the treated cardboard.


We present some 4-point ternary interpolating non-stationary subdivision schemes. These non-stationary schemes reproduce functions spanned by {1, sin(\alpha x), cos(\alphax)} and, in particular, circles, ellipses and so on. Performance of the schemes are demonstrated by examples.


This paper is concerned with a programming system based on the notion of stream operands. These are sequences of scalar operands in which only the current member of the stream can be accessed at any one time and after that only the next member. The language discussed is aimed initially at a system consisting of a network of microprocessors. It has a fairly conventional appearance and the new facilities are introduced mainly as procedure calls. Once the semantic characteristics have been established a more appropriate syntax will be developed. The long term goal is a style of high level language that will lead away from conventional systems, for large problems which lend themselves to streaming.


Not all situations can be handled within one office, so sometimes it is necessary to refer patients elsewhere. Despite the logic behind them, referrals often come bundled with liabilities that can give any OD a headache.


3040Background: Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is observed with adoptive T-cell therapies (ACT) with varying frequency. CRS can be life threatening and may require steroids, which hinder the effectiveness of ACT. CRS prevalence and severity within the context NY-ESO-1C259T across 5 studies in 4 tumor types were examined: synovial sarcoma (SS), ovarian cancer (OC), myeloma and melanoma. Methods: A review of CRS including evaluation of concurrent AEs and reported symptoms, cytokine levels and CRP was performed in pts treated with NY-ESO-1C259T. AEs that are known manifestations of CRS were summarized for each pt. diagnosed with CRS. CRP was measured by the hospital laboratory. Serum cytokines were measured by Luminex. Results: Of 53 pts treated with NY-ESO-1C259T, 7 were diagnosed with CRS (Table). 2/7 pts received immunomodulatory treatment for mitigation of CRS: methylprednisolone 2 mg/kg x 2 doses with prednisone taper (n=1, G3) and Tocilizumab 4 mg/kg x 1 dose (n=1 G4). Diagnosis of CRS was made within...


Exhaust gases from engines of seagoing ships are the serious problem for environment. That is why the discussion in the matter is very important. One of means to minimise harmful substances emission to earth atmosphere is application of "ecological fuel" – natural gas or nuclear energy for ship propulsion. Natural gas is commonly used in onshore applications but is rarely applied in marine propulsion. Heavy Fuel Oil is the basic brand of fuel used onboard of seagoing ships. Other kinds of fuel e.g. Diesel Oil or Gas Oil are used on smaller ships with limited sailing range. The nuclear energy, due to high costs is used only on few types of warships and some icebreakers. A real means for minimising harmful substances in exhaust gases from ships engines is replacement of Heavy Fuel Oil by Natural Gas. Nowadays, heavy oil is commonly used due to technical and logistic abilities and conservative attitude of ship owners. The necessity of improvement in the field of environment protection inclines towards wide application of Natural Gas as marine fuel. Application power-plant novel type would break the traditionalism in the shipbuilding and the introduction novel generation of shipping drives.


A novel voice recognition method, called spectral subtraction, was implemented on an IBM-PC platform, using a digital signal processing board (DSP), to recognize Brazilian vowels, with a maximum error of 2.5%.


Driven by the smart phone user experience, Human-Machine-Interfaces (HMIs) are continuously taking over the control of more and more differentiated equipment in industrial, medical, access control, and home and building automation, as well as consumer segments. With increasing technical requirements in these markets, there is also a rise in complexity and cost of the solutions that can cater to new innovative equipment design. While easy-to-use MCUs clearly underperform in these new sophisticated implementations, high-end industrial MPUs bring the inherent complexity in hardware and software, with the latter leading to large follow-on costs. RZ/A embedded MPUs in combination with the new RZ/A Software Package provide the best of two worlds with MPU performance and MCU-cost. The RZ/A Software Package is a fully integrated software package, including real-time operating system, drivers, middleware, and sample applications, targeting the design of camera-GUI-display implementations. The RZ/A Software Package facilitates a significant acceleration in innovative HMI design, as no software integration is required and camera/display adjustments can be configured graphically and checked in real-time without recompiling.


In this paper we analyzed focal and difficult points from different ways when applying Gauss's Formula,and how to solve different problems by Gauss's Formula.


We consider a QCD cold-plasma-motivated Equation of State (EOS) to examine the impact of an Anomalous Magnetic Moment (AMM) coupling and small shape deformations on the static oblate and prolate core shapes of quark stars. Using the Fogaça QCD-motivated EOS, which shifts from the high-temperature, low-chemical-potential quark–gluon plasma environment to the low-temperature, high-chemical-potential quark stellar core environment, we consider the impact of an AMM coupling with a metric-induced shape deformation parameter in the Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkov (TOV) equations. The AMM coupling includes a phenomenological scaling that accounts for the weak and strong field characteristics in dense matter. The EOS is developed using a hard gluon and soft gluon decomposition of the gluon field tensor and using a mean-field effective mass for the gluons. The AMM is considered using the Dirac spin tensor coupled to the EM field tensor with quark-flavor-based magnetic moments. The shape parameter is introduced in a metric ansatz that represents oblate and prolate static stellar cores for modified TOV equations. These equations are numerically solved for the final mass and radius states, representing the core collapse of a massive star with a phase transition leading to an unbound quark–gluon plasma. We find that the combined shape parameter and AMM effects can alter the coupled EOS–TOV equations, resulting in an increase in the final mass and a decrease in the final equatorial radius without collapsing the core into a black hole and without violating causality constraints; we find maximum mass values in the range 1.6 Mʘ < M < 2.5 Mʘ. These states are consistent with some astrophysical, high-mass magnetar/pulsar and gravity wave systems and may provide evidence for a core that has undergone a quark–gluon phase transition such as PSR 0943 + 10 and the secondary from the GW 190814 event.


Although it is only two and a half years ago since the first report was published on the antitubercular activity of para-amiiosalicylic acid (PAS), there is already quite a considerable literature on the subject. Much of it is, however, fragmentary and it has appeared in a wide variety of journals, but apart from the early publications of the Swedish workers it has all been written in English. Many of these papers deal with only a limited aspect of the subject and in some respects experimental reports have been conflicting. This has been due mainly to scarcity of the drug in the past and to varying degrees of purity of the materials available for the earlier experiments. Now that supplies are becoming more freely available and a more satisfactory product is being offered by the various manufacturers, there is likely to be greater interest in the drug and a greater amount of research work undertaken by clinicians and others concerned with the chemotherapy of tuberculosis. The purpose of this paper is therefore to review the work that has already been done, to summarize our present knowledge of the drug and to give some indication of the work that is ahead. In preparing this paper reference has been made to every previous publication of any importance whatsoever, and whose existence it has been possible to trace.


Tourist enterprises price competitive strategy is failure,it have not yet reached expected effect.From three angles of travel demand,travel supply and competitor,the paper analyses the reason of invalidation tourist enterprises price competition.


A palladium composite membrane with a large number of defects was repaired using the electroless plating combined with the technique of osmosis. The loose structure of palladium film prepared by the conventional electroless plating was densified. Defects were repaired. Hydrogen selectivity was thus significantly increased without significantly increasing palladium film thickness and reducing hydrogen permeability.


In this editors' note, guest editors Elvia Arroyo-Ramírez, Jasmine Jones, Shannon O'Neill, and Holly Smith  introduce the special issue on radical empathy in archival practice.


Colors are an important factor that in�uences different aspects of people's lives. However, little is known about the effects of colors on pain. This study aimed to investigate whether the type of pain affects the impact of colors on pain intensity. 74 participants were randomly divided into 2 groups according to the type of pain: electrical or thermal. In both groups, pain stimuli of the same intensity were preceded by different colors. Participants rated the pain intensity induced by each pain stimulus. Additionally, pain expectations related to each color were rated at the beginning and the end of the procedure. A signi�cant effect of color on pain intensity ratings was found. In the electrical group, the perceived pain intensity following red was more intense than after green; in the thermal group, the perceived pain intensity following red was more intense than after blue. Moreover, the pain was most intense in both groups after red, whereas the lowest ratings were given after white. A similar pattern of results was observed for pain expectations. The study shows that white could reduce perceived pain, while red can alter the pain. Moreover, it shows that the effect of colors is affected by the pain expectations rather than the pain modality. We conclude that the way colors in�uence pain broadens the current knowledge on effects of colors on human behavior and could help in the future both patients and practitioners.


This article is about the construction of feeding networks as a way of social articulation that is done by women in order to support tactics of nutritional protection for little children. From the analysis of the feeding process it is important to point out to the obtention of food as a gift by members of the family or other relations. The new power of women as builders of reciprocity relations for obtaining food due to the devaluation of productive jobs changes their position in familial power distribution and expresses itself in the control of feeding patterns and children's participation in daily foods. I am speaking about a power restricted to a particular space in order to organize better nutritional possibilities for little childern, because these mechanisms of feeding interchanges reproduce and deepen major social differences in society.


The rate constants for buffered acetolysis at 25° of exo- and endo-bicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-3-yl toluenesulphonates (2a and b) have been found to be 5.78 × 10–5 and 5.96 × 10–4 s–1, respectively. The value found for (2b) differs from that given in an earlier report. Activation parameters are reported. The major product in both cases is bicyclo[3.3.1]non-2-ene. The bicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-3-yl acetate formed in the acetolysis of (2a) shows excess of retained stereochemistry. By use of a deuterium-labelled substrate the total amount of 3,7-hydride shift occurring in the reaction of (2a) has been found to be 5.9%, with the largest proportion of rearrangement (20.8%) appearing in the acetate of retained configuration. Empirical force field calculations on exo- and endo-bicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-3-ols (3a and b) and on the bicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-3-yl cation have been used to elucidate a possible course of reaction.


Negative dependence has found important and wide applications in multivariate statistical analysis and reliability theory. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the complete moment convergence of weighted sums for arrays of row-wise pairwise negatively quadrant dependent random variables. By applying moment inequality and truncation methods, the sufcient conditions of complete moment convergence of weighted sums for arrays of row-wise pairwise negatively quadrant dependent random variables are established. As an application, the complete moment convergence of moving average processes based on a pairwise negatively quadrant dependent random sequences is obtained, which extends the former result.


The present invention detects preeclampsia in pregnant patients, and relates to novel biomarkers and methods of use thereof, such as histidine and ketone bodies for identifying patients at risk in early pregnancy.


Coal is being mined from seams which lie beneath urban areas around the City of Newcastle, New South Wales, under nearby Lake Macquarie and the Pacific Ocean. Subsidence occurs as a result of pillar extraction or longwall mining and homes and other structures or surface features can be affected. Detailed field surveys commenced in the late 1960's in the coalfields north and south of Sydney. This work was developed and extended by the author in order to provide the basic information which was used to develop a method of subsidence prediction. Because of the large quantity of results, several computer programmes were designed to handle the calculations, filing and data manipulation from the field booking sheets to the presentation of calculated results from the computer. Detailed analyses of the results of these surveys have enabled the relationship between the geometry of mine workings and the subsidence at the surface to be established for the particular geological environments. This research has shown that the massive and strong conglomerates of the Newcastle area have a significant effect on the value of the maximum subsidence. For the lower range of widths of extraction, the investigations showed that the nature of the caving of the roof strata over the mined seam influenced the magnitude of the surface subsidence. Subsidence in Newcastle was shown to be significantly less than what would be experienced in areas of mainly argillaceous strata such as in the United Kingdom because of


We show, from self-consistent calculations, that the effective mass for motion of holes along a two-dimensional (111) Ge layer is almost an order of magnitude smaller than the bulk heavy hole mass, which determines the intersubband distances. This creates a unique situation of multiple populated electric subbands at moderate hole densities ps and layer widths. Depopulation of two or more upper subbands in a 38 nm wide p-Ge layer with ps=5×1015m-2 has been revealed from the magnetoresistance in high parallel magnetic fields, while a collapse of the quantum Hall state for filling factor ν=1 indicates that two ground subbands merge in a self-formed double-quantum-well potential profile. The latter effect in the valence band is shown to be sensitive to the layer deformation.


Fuel cell electrode diffusion layer was produced with PAN-based and Pitch-based carbon fiber impregnated with phenol resin. The effect of different treated temperature on resistivity of diffusion layer was investigated by means of XRD. The correlation between resistance of treated and untreated layer with water-repellent and temperature was also given. The result showed that with treated temperature increasing, resistivity of PAN-based and pitch-based diffusion layer respectively decreased from 0.021 ?赘·cm and 0.050 ?赘·cm to 0.012 ?赘·cm and 0.018 ?赘·cm; and d002 decreased; however Lc increased. Moreover resistivity of diffusion layer treated and untreated with water-repellent showed linear negative temperature coefficient (NTC) effect.


Surgery for otosclerosis is simple in concept, yet good outcomes rely on successful execution of the fine details and the avoidance of complications. There are many descriptions of operative procedures for otosclerosis in the literature, including those by this author. These generally describe the basic elements of the operation in a sequential manner but do not focus on the particular critical points that are high risk for complications, nor do they describe how to avoid certain pitfalls. This chapter discusses the times during surgery in which the potential for complications is higher and proffers some thoughts on how to avoid them. Table 8 /1 considers the potential difficulties as well as some solutions. The procedure described here is the laser stapedotomy, which itself reduces the probability of complications relative to conventional stapedotomy. The reader is referred elsewhere for a description of the laser stapedotomy procedure and the basic procedural steps. This chapter focuses on specific areas of preparation and technique to avoid complications.


FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to an aqueous polyurethane-polycarbamide dispersion (PUR-dispersion), used for coating substrates, as well as for preparing mixtures and adhesives. The dispersion has two separate maxima in particle size distribution. The maximum ratio of fine fractions lies between 51 and 150 nm and the maximum ratio of coarse fractions lies between 160 and 700 nm. Said PUR-dispersion contains external emulsifying agents, has low viscosity, is stable during storage and transportation and solidifies at relatively low temperatures between 120°C and 150°C in 2-3 minutes. EFFECT: coatings obtained from such PUR-dispersion have high adhesion strength in wet state, high wear resistance, scratch resistance, flexing resistance and hydrolysis resistance. 10 cl, 5 ex, 1 tbl


Drawdown and recuperation pattern of wells are much dependent on the aquifer parameters. Analysis of drawdown and recuperation pattern of wells is necessary for the determination of various aquifer parameters. The levels at which water stands in a well before pumping is called static water level. When a well is being pumped, the water level in the well lowers. In general case initial contribution of water from the well mostly comes from the well storage. It is only after sometime that the aquifer starts contributing to pumpage. The time gap between the onset of pumping and the beginning of an appreciable flow of water from the aquifer to the well depends mainly on the transmissivity of the aquifer. The linear relationship between drawdown and time implies that the water is pumped mostly from storage. Thus time drawdown curves were initially linear, but later with the beginning of the contribution from the aquifer; they gradually become non-linear.


Focus on analysis of the value embodiment of design in different historical stages,it discussed the important role of the eternal theme in "environmental protection,life better,social development",meanwhile,should be aware of some design negative impact on the society.Based on this,it summarized the utilitarian factors on the core value of influence.Based on the core value in the modern design commercial society by distorted,it called on the whole society to pay attention to the design of remodeling and rational of core values.


? ?????? ??????????? ??????? «?????????» ? «??????????????» ? ???????????????? ??????? ????????? ????????? ??? «?????????? ?????????????? ????????». In article concepts «motivation» and «stimulation» are considered and the system of motivation of the personnel "Rostov consulting company" is analysed.


We present an experimental demonstration of optically controlled re-routing of a signal in a photonic crystal cavity-waveguide structure with 3 ports. This represents a key functionality of integrated all-optical signal processing circuits.


Image visual reranking holds the simple search mechanism preferred by typical users, and exploits the visual information and image analysis methods in another way. Therefore, it integrates characteristics of real-time and accuracy, and has great importance to establish practical image search system. A novel reranking method named DIRRA is proposed in this paper, in which absorbing random walks is utilized to enhance the diversity as well as relevance of the initial search results. Four kinds of image visual features are extracted firstly, and then a graph is built, where nodes are images and edges are the similarities between images. Next, the first item is decided by teleporting random walks on the graph, and the other items are decided by absorbing random walks on the graph at last. Experiments are performed on a web image database including 10 queries, which prove the reranking results are both diverse and relevant, and practical to improve user's satisfaction in web search.


Biennial dry docking are mandated by the Coast Guard for all US Mobile Offshore Drilling Units (MODU's). Rather than actually dry dock a rig, the procedure most often followed is called a Special Examination in Lieu of Dry Docking (SEILODD). This is a combination of visual inspection, underwater video review, and non-destructive testing (NDT) which requires proper planning and execution if meaningful data is to be collected. This paper discusses not only the requirements and procedures involved, but also the data collected from more than fifty of these SEILODD's in the New Orleans Marine Inspection Zone. Repair procedures and unique events are also discussed.


Impacts of climate change on the severity and intensity of future droughts can be evaluated based on precipitation and temperature projections, multiple hydrological models, simulated hydrometeorological variables, and various drought indices. The objective of this study was to assess climate change impacts on future drought conditions and water resources in the Chesapeake Bay (CB) watershed. In this study, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) and the Variable Infiltration Capacity model were used to simulate a Modified Palmer Drought Severity Index (MPDSI), a Standardized Soil Moisture index (SSI), a Multivariate Standardized Drought Index (MSDI), along with Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) climate models for both historical and future periods (f1: 2020‐2049, f2: 2050‐2079). The results of the SSI suggested that there was a general increase in agricultural droughts in the entire CB watershed because of increases in surface and groundwater flow and evapotranspiration. However, MPDSI and MSDI showed an overall decrease in projected drought occurrences due to the increases in precipitation in the future. The results of this study suggest that it is crucial to use multiple modeling approaches with specific drought indices that combine the effects of both precipitation and temperature changes.


Large group of children dressed up in homemade helmets, swords and shields on a grass bank in front of play castle.


Objective To understand current status and distribution of resources for HIV antibody testing in medical and health-care institutions at varied levels and districts,and to find out positivity of HIV-antibody in general population at varied health-care institutions of Beijing.Methods Hospitals at different areas and levels were selected by stratified sampling as study objectives.Information about positivity of HIV-antibody test in varied hospitals and their distribution were collected.All the data were input into Microsoft Excel.SPSS version 11.5 software was used to analyze the data.Results of past HIV antibody testing were reviewed from the records.Results Nineteen hospitals qualified for HIV-antibody laboratory testing in four districts were selected,including nine hospitals in urban and ten in suburb of Beijing.During July 2005 to June 2006,a total of 86 277 serum specimens were collected for HIV-antibody testing and 205(154 males and 50 females)were confirmed as HIV-antibody positive,with an overall positive rate of 0.24%,0.37% in males and 0.12% in females.Positive rate of HIV-antibody was highest in clinics for skin diseases and sexually-transmitted diseases(STD)(1.13%),and then followed by department of infectious diseases(0.76%),department of gynecology(0.02%),department of surgery(0.005%),other departments of hospitals(0.06%),and unknown(0.014%).HIV-positive rate was 0.46% in suburb,higher than that in urban(0.14%).HIV-positive rate in hospitals specialized for communicable diseases(1.24%)and centers for disease control and prevention(CDC)(1.45%)was higher than that in general hospitals(0.01%).Overall positive HIV-antibody rate was higher in males than that in females,higher in those aged 30-40 years than that in those at other ages,higher in suburban than that in urban,and higher in department of skin diseases(1.1%)than that in other departments of hospitals.Conclusion As a whole,positivity of HIV-antibody in visitors to health-care institutions was at lower level and risk for HIV infection in staff occupationally exposed to HIV at health-care institutions was less.Number of laboratories qualified for HIV antibody testing in Beijing is increasing continuously.Results of research indicated that positive rate of HIV-antibody in general population is still in a lower level and risk of cross-infection with HIV by interventional treatment is also lower.More attention should still be paid to HIV screening in high-risk population.


Two papers published in recent issues of The American Mineralogist (Nagy & Faust, 1956; Kalousek & Muttart, 1957) have dealt with serpentine minerals under the titles "Serpentines: natural mixtures of chrysotile and antigorite" and "Studies on the chrysotile and antigorite components of serpentine" respectively. Certain statements in these papers are at variance with results presented in our paper (Whittaker & Zussman, 1956) and we therefore offer the following comments. Whereas the above two papers classify all serpentine minerals into two categories only, r.e believe that it is necessary to take account of at least one other serpentine varietl' v,'h65g character is as distinctive as that of chrys-


The porous bone cortex comprises an interconnected network of intracortical vascular canals and osteocyte lacunae, embedded within the bone mineral. Increases in cortical porosity reduce bone strength and increase fracture risk. To date, our understanding of mechanisms coupling the arrangements of the vascular: lacunar network in the bone cortex is poorly understood yet it could be key in establishing regulation of cortical porosity evident with age. Using synchrotron radiation-based computed tomography we develop automated tools to characterise the 3D spatial organisation and morphology of osteocyte lacunae, and the bone vasculature at the tibiofibular junction (TFJ), defining posterior, medial, lateral, and anterior regions in male C57BL/6 mice (n = 3). We also investigate the role of osteoblast-derived VEGF in regulating the 3D spatial arrangement by conditional disruption of VEGF in osteocalcin-expressing cells (OcnVEGFKO versus WT, n = 3). Regional lacunar phenotypes were assessed by 3D distance mapping of lacunar organisation surrounding the vascular compartments, including endosteal and periosteal surfaces, or intracortical canals. Surface-associated lacunae were indistinct in size across posterior, medial, lateral and anterior regions. However, lacunae associated with intracortical canals were significantly larger exclusively within the posterior region. In the absence of VEGF, the increased lacunar volume associated with posterior intracortical canals was lost. Our results suggest that the influence of intracortical canals on lacunar volumes is spatially regulated and sensitive to locally produced growth factors such as osteoblast-derived VEGF.


Based on measurements of unaccompanied charged hadron flux from 10 to the 11th to 10 to the 14th eV at mountain altitudes, the primary proton flux is estimated using recently determined proton-proton total cross sections from new measurements of the real part of the forward scattering amplitude at ISR, and Glauber theory to calculate proton-air inelastic cross section. The derived spectrum agrees well with extrapolation of the direct measurements below 2 times 10 to the 12th eV without change of slope.


The applicability of logarithmic-periodic principles to the design of microwave multiport networks is discussed. It is demonstrated, in particular, how such principles can be put to use in solving microwave multiplexing problems. The practicability of the approach is illustrated with the help of two five-channel contiguous-band multiplexer designs and an experimental realization of one of these circuits covering most of C- and X-band. The experimental circuit is believed to represent the first successfully implemented and reported logarithmic-periodic microwave multiport circuit. It is noted that the solutions achieved with the technique considered exhibit excellent physical realizability and can be readily adapted to accommodate specific bandwidth requirements.<<ETX>>


In this paper, we present a model-based approach for estimating fault conditions in a turbine. We formulate fault estimation as a convex optimization problem, where estimates are obtained by solving a quadratic program (QP). A moving horizon framework is used to enable recursive implementation of the QP of fixed size. The estimation scheme takes into account a priori known onotonicity constraints on the faults. Monotonicity implies that the fault conditions can only deteriorate with time. We validate the proposed estimation scheme on a sample of real data from a turbine. An excellent performance of the developed approach is demonstrated by detecting a developing failure while the unit is running at high normalized loads.


Simple Summary Cancer cells are reliant on a sufficient amount of nicotinamide adenine nucleotide (NAD) to sustain their altered metabolism and proliferation. Targeting NAD depletion with inhibitors of NAD biosynthesis has therefore emerged as a promising approach for cancer treatment. Growing evidence demonstrates the existence of multiple precursors and alternative pathways for NAD biosynthesis, and that many parameters that include gut microbiota may negatively affect the therapeutic efficacy of NAD lowering agents in cancer treatment. These findings raise the need to depict further the NAD biogenesis in mammalian cells in order to improve the efficacy of NAD targeting anti-cancer treatment. In the present study, we report the identification of nicotinaldehyde as a novel NAD precursor in leukemia cells. Our findings reveal the implication of a novel NAD metabolite in modulating the anti-cancer efficacy of an NAD-lowering agent and suggest potential strategies to enhance its therapeutic effect. Abstract Targeting NAD depletion in cancer cells has emerged as an attractive therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment, based on the higher reliance of malignant vs. healthy cells on NAD to sustain their aberrant proliferation and altered metabolism. NAD depletion is exquisitely observed when NAMPT, a key enzyme for the biosynthesis of NAD, is inhibited. Growing evidence suggests that alternative NAD sources present in a tumor environment can bypass NAMPT and render its inhibition ineffective. Here, we report the identification of nicotinaldehyde as a novel precursor that can be used for NAD biosynthesis by human leukemia cells. Nicotinaldehyde supplementation replenishes the intracellular NAD level in leukemia cells treated with NAMPT inhibitor APO866 and prevents APO866-induced oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and ATP depletion. We show here that NAD biosynthesis from nicotinaldehyde depends on NAPRT and occurs via the Preiss–Handler pathway. The availability of nicotinaldehyde in a tumor environment fully blunts the antitumor activity of APO866 in vitro and in vivo. This is the first study to report the role of nicotinaldehyde in the NAD-targeted anti-cancer treatment, highlighting the importance of the tumor metabolic environment in modulating the efficacy of NAD-lowering cancer therapy.


It has been an accepted tendency in the industrial practice since the last third of the 20th Century to decrease the living labour demand of the manufacturing processes. One of the main tools of it is the automation of production. In the design, the construction and the programming of the developed automata, the results of electronics, informatics and mechatronics can be used. All of the scientific fields mentioned above undergo intensive development. By the application of the results achieved in the design of the applications, the monotonous, dangerous and tiresome work not requiring expertise can be assigned to machines. In the longer run, the application of the automata is beneficial also in financial aspect, since the costs of living labour are continuously growing, while that of the mechatronic and technological devices show a rather decreasing tendency. Reliability is also an important aspect. It is well known for everyone that a well-designed and programmed automatic device performs its task without mistakes. If there is any objection or breakdown, on the basis of the currently valid safety technology rules, the machine stops, does not trigger any damage and after its repair, work can be continued.


The General Principles of Suicide Prevention, which are Japanese guidelines on measures to prevent suicide, were devised in 2007 and then revised in 2012 and 2017. In addition, the Cabinet approved new general principles of suicide prevention on 14 October 2022. 1 The new general principles of suicide prevention include Enhanced Support for Women, Enhanced Measures to Prevent Suicide by Children and Young People, Enhanced Community Efforts to Prevent Suicide, and Enhanced General Measures to Prevent Suicide, indicating that efforts will be particularly directed at enhanced assistance to prevent suicide by women, children, and young people. 2,3 The COVID-19 pandemic, which started in 2020 and con-tinues at the time of writing, has had an effect. Suicides in Japan decreased annually from 32,845 in 2009 to 20,169


Endotoxins are part of the outer membrane of the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria. Mouthwashes or rinses are products used to enhance oral hygiene. In the present study, gram positive and gram negative bacterial isolates were collected and laboratory tests was used to assess the inhibition of growth of oral bacteria by three modern commercially available mouthwashes containing Aloe vera, Peppermint and Orasept. The action of each mouthwash was studied using electron microscopic studies and end-point Microtitre plate. The in vitro liberation of endotoxin was found to be induced with selected types of mouthwash targeted toward, bacterial endotoxin. Specific mouthwash have been classified here as "weak" (peppermint), because a high concentrations is needed to kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria, or "strong" (e.g. Orasept) where only a low concentration of mouthwash is required.


Objective:To explore a safe and effective method for induced abortion at second trimester in cases with scar uterus.Methods:A retrospective comparative analysis was used in the study; the methods for induced abortion at second trimester of 85 cases with scar uterus and 260 cases without scar uterus were compared and analyzed, induced abortion was carried out by transabdominal amniotic cavity injection of ethacridine; the activation time of uterine contraction, delivery time, blood loss, status of uterine curettage, grades of pain, the incidences of soft birth canal injury and complications during induced abortion, hospitalization time in the two groups were compared.Results:There was no significant difference in activation time of uterine contraction, delivery time and hospitalization time between the two groups (P0.05); there was significant difference in grades of pain and blood loss between the two groups (P0.05); the complications included birth canal injury, adherent placenta, bleeding during induced abortion, infection, incomplete abortion and amniotic fluid embolism, the incidences of complications in scar uterus group and non-scar uterus group were 17.64% and 8.84%, respectively, there was significant difference between the two groups (P0.05) .Conclusion:Transabdominal amniotic cavity injection of ethacridine is a safe and effective method for induced abortion at second trimester in cases with scar uterus, the complications of induced abortion in cases with scar uterus are more severe than those in cases without scar uterus.


Uni Research and Hjort Centre for Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, P.O.Box 7810, 5020 Bergen, NorwayIn a letter to the editor, Sundby (2015) expresses con-cerns about our study of changing spawning locationsof the Northeast Arctic (NEA) stock of Atlantic codover the period 1866–1969, where we identified statisti-cally significant effects of the stock's demographywhereas various climate indices all fell below statisticalsignificance. Our conclusion on the role ascribed to cli-mate disagrees with that of Sundby & Nakken (2008),which, based on a subset of our data and without con-sidering demography, concluded that spawning wasshifted northwards in warm periods.Sundby's (2015) criticism boils down to four pointsthat we will address in turn.A: 'the calculated spawning migration distance (...)is based on incorrect assumptions' (quote fromabstract, covered by points 1–3 in Sundby's letter)In our analysis, we never did calculate spawningmigration distance because the data did not allow it.From the data, a time-series of regional statistics of thecod spawner fishery, we could only quantify spawninglocation. We thus only know the endpoint of the spawn-ing migration, and as there are no data on where in theBarents Sea migration began we could not, and did not,calculate migration distance. It is unclear to us how thismisreading of our paper originated. In fact, we explic-itly raise this issue, for example in this quote (Opdal &Jorgensen, 2015, page 1527):It is also known that younger cod tend to be dis-tributed in colder water further north and east inthe Barents Sea than older, larger cod (Ottersenet al., 1998). This has the implication that one can-not infer from spawning location how far an indi-vidual has migrated to get there.Instead of using metrics of latitude and longitude, wequantified spawning location as distance from a centralpoint in the Barents Sea. This is only a technical issue ofpresentation and does not make assumptions or infer-ences about migration distance.B. An alternative hypothesis is that feedingdistribution in the Barents Sea explains spawninglocation (point 3 in Sundby's letter)Sundby (2015) proposes the hypothesis 'that the spawn-ing migration distance is constant, since the distribu-tions during the feeding in the Barents Sea and at thespawning areas are fluctuating with the similar ampli-tude (i.e. 250-300 km) on decadal scale' (see fig. 1 inSundby, 2015). He also notes that 'data is not availableto test this'. However, Sundby (2015) also refers to sev-eral studies showing that feeding cod move furthernorth and east in the Barents Sea during warm years(e.g. Kjesbu et al., 2014). With temperature-dependentfeeding location and constant migration distance, a pre-diction from his hypothesis is thus that spawning loca-tion would shift north in warm years, which is exactlythe effect that our statistical analysis finds no supportfor.C. We are using irrelevant climate indices (point 1in Sundby's letter)Sundby stresses that the North Atlantic Oscillation(NAO) is an atmospheric pressure index and not a mea-sure of water temperature, which is what likely wouldhave the strongest effect on fish. We are of courseaware of this, and included NAO only because directobservations of sea temperature (the Kola section) wereinitiated in 1900 and therefore not available for the first34 years of our data. Neither NAO nor Kola sea tem-perature significantly explained variations in spawninglocation in our study. The use of NAO is not completelyunwarranted, however, as NAO has been found to cor-relate with oceanography and ecology of cod in theBarents Sea (Ottersen & Stenseth, 2001). More gener-ally, pressure indices describe large-scale physical driv-ers, with influences on the dynamics of both terrestrialand marine ecosystems (Stenseth et al., 2002).


Nine mycobacterial antigens have been purified by affinity chromatography using monoclonal antibodies (m. abs) as immunosorbent. The importance of the individual antigens have been evaluated by different immunological methods.


Spray painting robots equipped with air spray guns have been widely used in the painting industry. In view of the low efficiency of single-nozzle air spray guns when spraying large targets, a new double-nozzle air spray gun structure was designed in this paper based on the Coanda effect of double jets. Firstly, a 3-D physical model of the double-nozzle air spray gun was built in Solidworks, in which unstructured grids were generated for the computational domain by ICEM. Secondly, the spray painting process was numerically modeled with the help of the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software ANSYS-Fluent 16.0. The two-phase spray flow was calculated by coupling a discrete phase model (DPM) and the Taylor analogy breakup (TAB) method. The TAB model was applied to predict the secondary break-up. The DPM model was applied to predict the droplet trajectories. The geometry of an air spray gun has a significant influence on the spray flow field characteristics. The influence of the air spray gun geometry on the interference spray flow field characteristics and coating film thickness distribution were investigated by changing the values of the distance between the centers of the two paint holes (L) and the angle between the axes of the two paint holes (θ). Numerical results show that the smaller L and θ are, the stronger the interference effect between the two jets, while the more concentrated the paint is in the central region of the target surface, the easier it is for overspray to occur. With increasing L and θ, the interference effect gradually decreased and the extension distance of the coating film along the x-axis gradually increased. However, if L and θ are too large, the interference effect will become too weak and the shape of the coating film will become a concave, with more paint on both side regions and less paint in the central region, which will cause an uneven coating film. From the simulation results, it can be concluded that a more uniform coating film can be obtained when L = 30 mm and θ = 10°. The effective coating width of the double-nozzle air spray gun was increased by 85.7% compared with the single-nozzle air spray gun, which improved the spraying efficiency.


The subject who is tied to the negative and builds on violence and victimisation seems to have an archaic representation of an attacker with whom he identifies on an adhesive mode. This cruel imago works like a magnet for the fragmented parts of ego which are still being ford. The subject seems to take alternatively or simultaneously, the place of the attack and that of the victim, in a paradoxical and anti-separatist link. At this level of primary development spectacular idealistic formations are taking place compared to the superego formations, which are the cause of the fluctuation between these two poles. The author remembers the important distinction between the tyranny suffered, that is to say without complicity, with the variations of forced violence and seductive violence which shock the thought, on one hand, and the consensual or knowing tyranny when the unconscious is involved on the other hand.


We present experimental and theoretical results on extended defects of hexagonal GaN grown by metal organic vapour deposition (MOCVD). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurements indicate the presence of 3 nm wide type I1 stacking faults (SFs) related to the MOCVD growth, and 2–4 nm SFs of unidentified type related to the ion implantation. We simulated infinite SFs of different types I1, I2 and I3. First principles calculations were used to model Shockley partial dislocations, the core structure of the dislocations and intrinsic SFs. We estimate defect level positions and the formation energy of the infinite SFs. We also present results of the calculations and available experimental data on finite size SFs bounded by partial dislocations in wurtzite GaN. Calculation of the infinite SFs revealed shallow levels, but no deep levels. In the SFs bound by dislocations there are deep filled levels in the range of 0.4–0.8 eV from the valence band maximum (VBM) located at the atoms of the 90° dislocations. We also calculated the segregation of the C, n‐dopant, Si or O and the p‐dopant, Mg, to the dislocations and SFs. The effect of the segregation is found to be stronger for the SFs with partials. The results of the calculations are correlated with the experimental data on GaN obtained from high resolution TEM and Hall measurements. We suggest mechanisms of the formation of the SFs I1 and I2 after ion implantation and high temperature anneal and explain the difficulties of p‐type doping with the formation of the extended defects.


FIELD: organic chemistry, fungicides, agriculture. SUBSTANCE: invention describes novel composition containing derivative of 1,2,3-thiadiazole as an active component of the general formula (I) where R 1 - is (C 1 -C 6 )-alkyl; R 2 is the group of the formula CO-Y-R 3 where R 3 is hydrogen atom or substituted phenyl group having 2 different substituents taken among halogen atom and (C 1-6 )-alkyl and Y means O or NR 4 where R 4 is hydrogen atom and at least one compound taken among the group of compounds with fungicide activity against plant diseases and including the following agents: isoprothiolan, tricyclazol, azoxistrobin, propiconazol, copper 6-hydroxyquinoline, oxolinic acid, bennomyl, myclobutanyl, iprodion, cyprodinyl, pyrimethanyl, fludioxonyl, quatasine, mancozet, chlorotalnyl, fermizon, cimoxanyl, kazugamycin, flutolanyl, metalaxyl, fosetyl and prochloraz in the mass ratio 0.04-3.5 part of indicated fungicide compound to the 1-st moiety of compound of the formula (I). Described composition prepared by mixing derivative of 1,2,3-thiadiazole of the general formula (I) is useful as an agent for control of plant diseases with at least one fungicide shows fungicide activity against plant diseases. Invention describes also method of use of this composition for control of plant diseases. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of fungicide composition, improved method of control. 4 cl, 15 tbl


The tourism sector is still failing to fully provide for the varied needs of people with a disability. If the current situation is to change, then the characteristics of these needs must be better identified. This paper presents the results of a study on sources of tourist information used by Deaf people, for whom the basic form of communication is sign language. The study was performed in Poland from 2004 to 2010 within the Deaf community (n = 292) and (for comparison of results) among the hearing section of society (n = 1780). It has shown that the primary sources of tourist information for both Deaf and hearing individuals are the Internet and the opinions of close ones. Tourist information should be disseminated using sign language. Deaf people must participate in the process of creating the Tourism Information System. The conclusions contain indications for tourism managers on ways of disseminating information to Deaf clients.


Infrasound sensing will play an important role in future Mars exploration. Applications include quantifying bolide impacts, monitoring subsurface activity, storm and dust-devil dynamics, as well as characterizing the planetary boundary layer. As on Earth, infrasonic measurements are likely to be hampered by wind-generated noise at the frequencies of interest. Instead of the rosette-type filter geometry commonly used at Earth monitoring stations, porous hemispherical domes could be more easily deployed in an ``inverted-umbrella'' configuration, with the sensor at the apex. By adapting previous work (Noble et al., Proc. Meet. Acoust. 21, 045005 (2014)) to the conditions in the Martian surface layer, we predict the infrasonic wind noise at the center of a porous dome placed at the locations of various Mars landers (Viking 1 and 2, Pathfinder, Mars Science Laboratory, and Phoenix). The predictions include the turbulence-turbulence, turbulence-shear, and stagnation-pressure contributions, obtained for differen...


From a measurement of the J = 3→2 rotational emission line of hydrogen isocyanide, and a literature value for that J = 1→0 line (Snell, 1979), the excitation parameters for HNC in the direction of the molecular peak as determined by CO were derived. Kinetic temperatures for the optically thick CO and 13 CO transitions are ~ 50 K, while that pertaining to HNC line formation is between 20 K and 5 K. The inference that the central temperature of the cloud is lower than that of its surface supports models in which the cloud is heated not from within, but by the O-B association to the northwest.


This paper is based on the adaptive classroom teaching evaluation, we developed a set of evaluation indicators and standard of classroom teaching, those indicators are teacher-oriented and designed by teacher themselves. We collected evaluation data about 2 public classes of primary school from 94 teachers to test the reliability and validity of the instrument. The findings show that this instrument has a high level of internal consistency and construct validity.


A Plutonium-239 Recovery Incinerator is being developed for the Savannah River Plant (SRP) to reduce the volume of solid glovebox waste and to allow recovery of Pu-239 from the waste. The process will also allow treatment of some waste materials that are not certifiable for disposal at the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP). It will consist of two electrically heated combustion chambers (furnace and afterburner) and a dry filtration off-gas system. A unique feature of the process is that it uses pyrohydrolysis to produce an ash that is amenable to Pu recovery through nitric acid/HF dissolution. A series of thermogravimetric (TGA) analyses have been performed to characterize potential incinerator feed materials. A functioning furnace mockup was built and operated to demonstrate electrically-heated pyrohydrolysis operation. 8 refs., 4 figs.


The qualitative research was conducted in junior high school to know students' conceptions and conceptual changes on temperature and heat, specifically on specific heat topics. This study uses the purposive sampling technique. The research was started by collecting data and observing the students. The next step was a try-out test instrument conducted in a regular eighth-grade class. The try-out test was used as an instrument test to the superior dan the regular class of seventh-grade and the superior class of eighth-grade. The research instrument was a conceptual test in essay form and then conducted an interview. The samples were the students who had many possibilities in answering the research instrument. Based on the result of the study, the students' concepts can be divided into three types: scientific, alternative, and parallel. The conceptions of the excellent class of the seventh-grade, the regular class of seventh-grade, and the excellent class of eighth-grade are alternative concepts. The conceptual changes in the excellent eighth-grade class are decreasing students' understanding of heat and temperature.


Women are thought to be at higher risk for major complications following percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, perhaps due to their smaller


– The purpose of this study is to provide good information to educational units, educators and students about the description of the implementation of P5 activities to overcome learning loss as an application of differentiated learning. The research method used is a type of qualitative descriptive research which aims to provide an overview of the situation and conditions by investigating various sources of government policies. Data collection techniques used are interviews and observation. Data obtained from interviews and observations were then analyzed. The analysis carried out in this study used a problem tree analysis. Thus, the result of this research is that the application of P5 activities to the independent curriculum is able to overcome learning loss and cause learning to become differentiated learning.


Organic thermoelectric generators (TEGs) are a prospective class of versatile energy-harvesters that can enable the capture of low-grade heat and provide power to the growing number of microelectronic devices and sensors in the Internet of Things. The abundance, low-toxicity, and tunability of organic conducting materials along with the scalability of the fabrication techniques promise to culminate in a safe, low-cost, and adaptable device template for a wide range of applications. Despite recent breakthroughs, it is generally recognized that significant advances in n-type organic thermoelectric materials must be made before organic TEGs can make a real impact. Yet, in this perspective, we make the argument that to accelerate progress in the field of organic TEGs, future research should focus more effort into the design and fabrication of application-oriented devices, even though materials have considerable room for improvement. We provide an overview of the best solution-processable organic thermoelectric materials, design considerations, and fabrication techniques relevant for application-oriented TEGs, followed by our perspective on the insight that can be gained by pushing forward with device-level research despite suboptimal materials.


Nearly $200 billion of healthcare construction is expected by the year 2015, and nurse leaders must expand their knowledge and capabilities in healthcare design. The goal of this bimonthly department is to prepare the nurse leader in using the evidence-based design process to ensure that new, expanded, and renovated hospitals facilitate optimal patient outcomes, enhance the work environment for healthcare providers, and improve organizational performance. In this article, the author introduces the concept of evidence-based design and its importance to nurse executives as a decision-making framework for healthcare design.


This chapter shows that the pocket calculator provides a fundamentally flawed metaphor for understanding morphological structure and processing in the mental lexicon. To this end, it surveys the evidence from experimental studies of lexical processing, and then considers the fine phonetic detail that is present in the acoustic signal. The chapter provides an indication of the kind of formal mathematical model that may help to understand the process and representation better in the mental lexicon. It also discusses theory of speech production, WEAVER models, phonetic evidence, and Hierarchical Temporal Memory (HTM). Whereas the mathematics of formal languages has been a key source of inspiration for morphological theory and models of the mental lexicon, new advances at the intersection of statistics, information science and the neurosciences such as HTM can constitute an important source of inspiration for research on the mental lexicon during the coming years.Keywords: acoustic signal; Lieber; mathematical model; mental lexicon; pocket calculator; Selkirk


A new-concept time projection chamber (TPC) using a commercial resistive sheet, sheet-resistor micro-TPC SR-microPIC, was developed and its performance was measured. SR-microTPC has the potential to create a more uniform electric field than conventional TPCs with resistor-chains owing to its continuous sheet resistivity, and its production would be easier than that of conventional TPCs. The material used in this study, Achilles-Vynilas, was found to be thin, transparent, and low-radioactive. The performance test with cosmic muons showed very promising results, including the demonstration of a good tracking-performance. This type of TPC field cage can offer an alternative for the widely used conventional field cages


The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic forced many universities to move to virtual instruction during the spring 2020 semester. The transition to remote learning was abrupt and overwhelming for teachers of all subjects, all across the US. Nowhere was this more true than in science lab courses. The experience nevertheless provides an opportunity to investigate the optimal design of remote labs, with similar learning goals as in-person labs. In this study we explore the three most common approaches to remote labs: recorded experiments, applet-based experiments, and at-home projects. We use surveys and interviews to make two comparisons: remote labs vs. in-person labs; the different types of remote labs. Examining these two questions we find that remote labs perform as well as in-person labs and students learn the most from at home physics experiments while also enjoying those the most.


Solar cells made with nanowires can tolerate up to 40 times as much high-energy radiation as those made of flat crystalline films, making the nano versions well suited for powering satellites and spacecraft (ACS Nano 2019, DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b05213). Harry A. Atwater of the California Institute of Technology and colleagues fabricated solar cells with a light-absorbing layer made of an array of either 3 µm long gallium arsenide or 2 µm long indium phosphide nanowires grown vertically from the substrate. The researchers irradiated the devices with protons at 100 and 350 keV, comparable to what they would experience in space. Compared with thin-film solar cells made from the same materials, the nanowire solar cells withstood 10–40 times as many protons before their current degraded. Simulations showed that energetic protons shoot out of nanowires, minimizing damage, while they lodge in crystalline films. The researchers think that the higher surface area of the


Nurse-to-patient ratios are being developed to improve care as part of an initiative commissioned by Northern Ireland's Public Health Agency.


1 Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan 2 Institute for Biological Problems of Cryolithozone, Siberian Blanch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Yakutsk, Sakha, Russia 3 North Eastern Federal University, Yakutsk, Sakha, Russia 4 Arctic Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan 5 Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan


The accurate and effective modeling of magnetic materials is critical to the prediction of the performance of electromagnetic devices. The paper discusses the use of artificial neural networks as a uniform method for modeling the behavior of magnetic materials both isotropic and anisotropic, and with and without hysteresis.


The kinetics of base hydrolysis of the complexes cis-[CoX(en)2(en-N)]2+(X = Cl or Br) have been studied at 25 °C and I= 0.1M(Na[ClO4]) and kOHCl=(6.3 ± 0.3) and kOHBr=(4.1 ± 0.2)× 101 l mol–1s–1. The main product is [Co(en)2(en-N)OH]2+(ca, 97%) rather than [Co(en)3]3+. The ionization constants for the equilibria (i) and (ii) are pKlm 5.05 and pK2m 7.23. The mercury(II)-catalysed aquations have also been studied at 25 °C [Co(en)2(Hen-N)OH2]4+[graphic omitted][Co(en)2(Hen-N)OH]3++ H+(i), [Co(en)2(Hen-N)OH]3+[graphic omitted][Co(en)2(en-N)OH]2++ H+(ii)(I= 3.94M and [H+]= 0.94M) and kHgCl=(5.6 ± 0.3)× 10–3 and kHgBr=(5.0 ± 0.15)× 10–3 l mol–1 s–1. The major product (ca, 95%) is the complex [Co(en)2(Hen-N)OH2]4+. In dimethyl sulphoxide solution the complex [CoCl(en)2(en-N)]2+, in the presence of n-butylamine, undergoes cyclisation to [Co(en)3]3+. The reaction is first order in the complex and n-butylamine concentrations with k= 1.19 × 10–3 l mol–1 s–1 at 25 °C.


The analysis of data on the problem of postoperative cognitive impairment in elderly and senile patients is presented. The definition of the concept of postoperative cognitive dysfunction, its etiology and factors contributing to its development, clinical symptoms, features of its diagnosis, as well as factors for preventing postoperative cognitive dysfunction and its possible pharmacological correction are considered. The appendix contains psychological tests used to diagnose postoperative cognitive dysfunction. It is important to note that adequate diagnosis of postoperative cognitive dysfunction is impossible without an assessment of the preoperative neuropsychological status.


Enhanced complement activation has been considered as one of the major pathogenesis of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). Iguratimod has been applied in many rheumatoid diseases as its role in reducing the inflammatory response and improving platelet count.


The study by Yei and coauthors 1 describes 6-year results of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair performed via open aneurysm repair (OAR) vs endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) using the Vascular Quality Initiative (VQI) Vascular Implant Surveillance and Interventional Outcomes Network (VISION) registry, a multicenter registry that collects granular clinical data on the patients and procedures and links it with Medicare claims for long-term follow up. Among a cohort of more than 32000 patients, Yei et al 1 determined that despite an increased perioperative mortality associated with OAR compared with EVAR, patients treated with OAR experienced superior long-term outcomes. Specifically, patients who underwent OAR, compared with propensity score–matched patients who underwent EVAR, had decreased 6-year mortality (548 deaths [35.6%] vs 608 deaths [41.2%]; hazard ratio [HR], 0.83; 95% CI, 0.74-0.94; P = .002), were less likely to experience late AAA rupture after their index repair (117 participants [5.8%] vs 149 participants [8.3%]; HR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.60-0.97; P < .001), and were less likely to require reinterventions (additional procedures after the initial repair to treat their AAA) (190 participants [11.6%] vs 267 participants [16.0%]; HR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.55-0.80; P < .001). These important findings highlight the need for studying both clinical results after AAA repair and long-term surveillance among patients who undergo EVAR.


Both ZnO and Zn0.99Co0.01O semiconductors were synthesized through solid state reaction via mechanical milling and thermal treatment. Initially the wurtzite ZnO structures of the synthesized particles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Since these techniques were unable to identify both contamination atoms and Co distribution, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS) was used. EDS showed a successful doping of Co atoms with the atomic ratio of 0.9 ± 0.1%, and also showed a contamination of tungsten (W) atoms, in the atomic ratio of 1.6 ± 0.2% for Zn0.99Co0.01O, and 1.3 ± 0.2% for ZnO. Substitutions of Co+2 ions with Zn+2 host atoms in the ZnO lattice were exposed through X-ray photo spectroscopy (XPS) data of Co 2p electronic energy levels. UV-vis absorption spectroscopy (UV-vis) was also used to prove Co substitutions in the ZnO lattice. This was revealed by a decrease in band gap from 3.25 ± 0.01 eV to 3.03 ± 0.01 eV, and the existence of newly permitted transitions between intra ionic d-d* levels. The ferromagnetic effect of Co doping in ZnO lattice was revealed by the coercivity of ~154±50 Oe and positive Curie-Weiss temperature, 79 ± 1 K. Beside ferromagnetic interactions, the calculated effective Bohr Magnetron (¿eff), 0.32±0.01 ¿B, suggested anti-ferromagnetic interactions due to be less than the theoretical spin based magnetic moment of Co2+ ions, 3.0 ¿B.


Summary

This study provides the first report of length–weight relationships (LWRs) for Pseudogyrinocheilus prochilus (Sauvage & Dabry de Thiersant, 1874) and Jinshaia sinensis (Sauvage & Dabry de Thiersant, 1874) collected from the middle reaches of the Jinsha River, southwest China. Samples were obtained between June 2005 and November 2006. A total of 491 specimens belonging to two fish species were analyzed. LWRs were W = 0.0170L2.970 (r2 = 0.980) for P. prochilus and W = 0.0194L2.849 (r2 = 0.977) for J. sinensis. Prior to this study, the LWRs for P. prochilus were unknown. In addition, new maximum size for J. sinensis was provided.


Human resources have nowadays been recognized as one of the most important key competitive advantages of organizations. Human resources management deals with the recruitment, selection and training of the best candidates for a particular job position. Although training has significant influence on the performance of employees, recruitment and selection still remain the crucial steps. The goal of the paper is to explore if special characteristics of candidates for employment in the banking industry could be used for predicting their future success at work. Real-life data from a Croatian bank's employee database are used for analysis, with the total sample of 1659 candidates tested for the purpose of employment. Results of the multiple regression analysis indicate that the following characteristics are important at forecasting an employee's success at work in the banking sector: cognitive ability, reasoning, dominance, social boldness, sensitivity, openness to change, warmth, and emotional stability. Therefore, as the best practice for recruitment, the use of the Profile of a Quality Candidate in Banking is proposed.


Abstract : Data from the Hawaiian Rainband Project (HaRP) are used to study the interaction between downslope flow and trade-wind showers over windward sections of the island of Hawaii on 7-8 August 1990. Large-scale conditions produce strong upstream trade-winds of 11 m s-1 which are among the strongest observed during HaRP. In addition, frequent trade-wind showers are responsible for the largest precipitation accumulation between 0300-0700 HST over windward Hawaii during HaRP. The evolution of downslope flow and its interaction with the trade-wind showers under these conditions will be studied in detail. The initiation of downslope flow occurs under dry conditions on the upper slopes by radiative cooling, and then progresses downslope until it arrives over windward lowlands. Here the downslope flow transition is held up by the strong trade winds occurring at the coast. Downslope flow is finally observed over the coast only after a band of rainshowers produces evaporative cooling allowing downslope winds to extend offshore. The evolution of downslope flow afterwards is affected by rainshowers. Vertical mixing associated with rainshowers transports trade-wind momentum into the weak downslope flow layer, replacing westerly winds with strong easterly winds. At the surface, a clear increase in temperature and moist static energy is observed as potentially warmer air aloft mixes with the surface layer. This temporary destruction of downslope flow produces an oscillation of the drainage front from 5-8 km offshore to 10 km inland.


In today's changing and diverse population, ensuring affordable, quality, and accessible healthcare entails developing a culturally competent, modifiable, replicable, and measurable health model. NYPH has implemented a Northern Manhattan health initiative in Washington Heights/Inwood (WHI) that actively achieves this goal. This three-phase model called the Community Partnership Model (CPM) makes use of health need assessments, Health Information Technology (HIT), Cultural Competency, community and provider involvement, and feedback evaluations. We analyzed how both NYS and national health legislations compare to the goals of NYPH's CPM and how the WHI initiative differs from any other health legislation especially with regards to medical homes. From this, we found that the primary advantages of the WHI CPM are its implementations of Cultural Competency, feedback, and an improved medical home. This paper suggests that the CPM is a replicable and scalable model that integrates the provider, patient, and community to provide patient-centered, culturally competent, and quality healthcare. Collectively, the health legislation analysis and census data of WHI, NYS, and the U.S. demonstrate that the CPM is a healthcare delivery system that maximizes healthcare quality and accessibility and can be translated into state and national use.


Electrolytically deposited coatings frequently involve residual stresses, the type and strength of which depend strongly on the special deposition conditions. The present work deals with residual stresses in various copper coatings as a function of coating thickness.


With the growth of technology, bullying has expanded into the technological realm. Labeled cyberbullying, individuals are utilizing technology, such as cell phones and the Internet, to bully and harass others with the intention of causing harm. The purpose of this study was to expand prevalence, psychological impact, and coping strategy research with college victims of cyberbullying in the United States. Among 799 college students surveyed via the Internet, 8.6% were victims of cyberbullying. On the Symptom Checklist-90-R, the 69 victims scored higher than 69 matched controls on depression, anxiety, phobic anxiety, and paranoia, and were elevated on global severity index and positive symptom distress index scales. Victims had significantly more suicidal ideations, planning, and attempts. Victims generally coped with cyberbullying by telling someone and avoiding friends and peers, with few differences between genders. The results indicated that cyberbullying is occurring in a college sample and having a negative impact upon victims.


The term «agnosticism» is used quite often in the philosophical literature. Usually, the meaning of this term is associated with the presence of boundaries in knowledge, and as an example of agnosticism, they refer to the philosophy of I. Kant. Nevertheless, the meaning of this term raises many questions. What are these boundaries? What exactly does Kant consider unknowable? And a number of other questions are still waiting to be answered. Our goal will be to remove some of the existing uncertainties and to demonstrate, if not senselessness, then the problematicity of the very term «agnosticism». We will try to show that what is suitable for the philosophy of religion is not always meaningful and suitable for epistemology. Our methodology will be the analysis of the logical form of statements about the existence / non-existence of something. Such statements are called existential. The methodology for studying problems through the analysis of their linguistic form is the norm for analytical philosophy. For the definition of analytic philosophy, see V. Ye. Borisov and [7]. This methodology is associated with a «linguistic turn in philosophy» [14]. In this case, the term «agnosticism» should be investigated through existential statements, through statements about the existence / non-existence of something (God, spirits, etc.). In defining the concept of agnosticism, the interpretation of the position of I. Kant in relation to the boundaries of knowledge is of great importance. The position of I. Kant is also appropriate to interpret through the ways of using existential statements. Some existential statements according to Kant turn out to be cognitively insoluble. Such are the statements about God, about spirits, about a world transcendent to our experience (things in themselves), etc. For example, it is impossible to prove or disprove the existence of God — this is not a question of cognition (epistemology), but exclusively of faith. Of particular importance is I. Kant's division of thinking and cognition. The research carried out shows that the term «agnosticism» is often used unreasonably and even meaninglessly, especially when some a priori negative characteristic is attached to it. The use of this term turns out to be very problematic.


Background: Up to 40% of children with sickle cell anemia (SCA) will have abnormalities on brain imaging due to their hematologic disorder, much of which is subclinical. Common abnormalities on brain magnetic resonance imaging/magnetic resonance angiography (MRI/MRA) include leukoencephalopathy from microvascular ischemic insult and vascular stenosis from endothelial damage. Silent cerebral ischemic insults are progressive; further neurologic abnormalities, including overt stroke, are more common among children with ischemic findings on MRI compared to children without them. Furthermore, poor performance on neuropsychological testing, lower IQ, and higher rates of grade retention are common in children with SCA and cerebral ischemic disease. The effect of hydroxyurea treatment on the development and progression of vascular stenosis and leukoencephalopathy is unclear. This study aimed to longitudinally evaluate the development of intracerebral abnormalities through serial MRI/MRA in children with SCA (HbSS and HbSβ0-thalassemia) who receive long-term therapy with hydroxyurea. Methods: Children with SCA and no prior history of overt stroke enrolled in the Hydroxyurea Study of Long-Term Effects (HUSTLE NCT00305175) underwent brain MRI/MRA, transcranial doppler (TCD) examinations, and laboratory evaluations immediately before hydroxyurea initiation and after 3 and 6 years of treatment to maximum tolerated dose. MRI/MRAs were reviewed for the presence or absence of vascular stenosis and leukoencephalopathy. Leukoencephalopathy was defined as white matter T2 hyperintensity. Proportions of abnormal MRI/MRA findings were compared between baseline and 3 years and baseline and 6 years using McNemar's test and the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney exact test was used to explore associations with laboratory parameters. Results: Forty-six children with SCA, mean age 9.4 years (range 1-17.3), had an MRI/MRA at baseline and 3 years post-initiation of hydroxyurea. Ten children had an additional MRI/MRA after 6-years of hydroxyurea therapy. Frequencies of leukoencephalopathy and vascular stenosis are shown in the table. Prevalence of leukoencephalopathy before hydroxyurea therapy was higher than that reported in the literature for untreated children with SCA of similar age. There were no significant differences between baseline imaging findings and those at 3 and 6 years. Children with leukoencephalopathy at baseline and 3 years were older than those without (mean 10.7 vs. 7.7 years, p=0.01; 10.5 vs. 7.5 years, p=0.02 respectively). Lower HbF at baseline was associated with the presence of leukoencephalopathy at year 3 (median HbF 4.6% vs. 12.4%, p=0.008), but there was no association between HbF at 3-years and the presence of leukoencephalopathy at 3-years (median HbF 16.4% vs. 13.2%, p=0.55). When stratified by age, these findings were similar. TCD velocities and other hematologic parameters were not associated with MRI/MRA abnormalities. The small number of vascular stenosis cases precluded further analyses of this outcome. Conclusions: In this longitudinal study, children treated with hydroxyurea for 3-6 years did not demonstrate an increased frequency of vascular stenosis or leukoencephalopathy on brain MRI/MRA during treatment. Older age at hydroxyurea initiation and lower pre-hydroxyurea HbF percentage were associated with the presence of leukoencephalopathy at baseline and 3-years. These findings suggest that hydroxyurea may mitigate the expected progression of vascular stenosis and leukoencephalopathy in children with SCA, and that this therapy should be initiated early on, before the development of cerebrovascular disease, particularly among those with a low HbF percentage. Disclosures Off Label Use: hydroxyurea for children with sickle cell disease.


The poverty rate in the District / City of Sumbawa Island from year to year
tend to fluctuate. Development of varying levels of poverty is not only influenced
by the performance and policies of local governments in development but also by
all elements of society. Poverty is not something that can not be changed because
of public policy and action can help reduce the amount of poverty on the island of
Sumbawa. The high level of poverty on the island of Sumbawa in general can be
seen from the growing amount of poverty every year.
The research was conducted in the District / City of Sumbawa Island by
using secondary data with years of observations from the period 2004 to 2009.
Research carried out by the approach of literature from various statistical
publications with the aim to analyze the effect of GDP growth in the agricultural
sector, unemployment, education levels and economic growth on poverty. The
data was tested with three methods of pooling data, the method of Ordinary Least
Squares (OLS), fixed effect method and the method of random effects. To
determine the best method in determining the best model performed Hausman
test. Based on the results of Hausman test diproleh best model is the fixed effect
method.
Based on the analysis with fixed effects methods obtained the following
conclusions: a) increased PDRBP not guarantee poverty reduction it is caused by
the acquisition of agricultural land is uneven, mostly farmers in rural areas only as
tenants only, so do not fully enjoy the fruits of agriculture, b) more high
unemployment rates actually reduce poverty, although not significantly. This
occurs because most workers become productive workers and families left behind
still earn an income, c) education level significantly affects poverty. This can be
interpreted that the higher the education level of the opportunity to gain more and
more jobs, e) economic growth also has effects on poverty and marked signifkan
negative, these results can be interpreted that the higher the economic growth of
the income the higher the revenue evenly with the assumption would result in
reduced poverty.


The CRISATEL system is dedicated to fine art painting digitalization. A specific calibration procedure has been defined and implemented for this system. Some existing spectral reflectance reconstruction methods have been tested and compared. A multispectral image of a Georges de la Tour painting, "Saint Jacques le mineur", has been processed.


This paper analyses the representation of Morocco by a British female traveller during the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. Emily Keen's My Life Story attempts to set out the conditions in which women travelled and translated the reception of their experiences into autobiographies in their native countries, breaking down the boundaries of space and time to discover and interpret the discourse that traverses the writer's narrative. The endeavour is to show how what was imagined about the country, what was a fantastic legend about Morocco, what started as an innocent story and literary entertainment for British readers, built up to make an authoritative discourse of colonisation. My intention and method go so far as to broaden the range of issues connected to travel writing. These issues include gender, race, identity, and personal experience, etc. Through this lens, I argue that such writers were conscious and unconscious informants preparing the way for the European colonisation of the country; they are the living witnesses of an evolution through which a culture was forced to open itself to foreign powers.


In this paper we describe a new baseline tagset induction algorithm, which unlike the one described in previous work is fully automatic and produces tagsets with better performance than before. The algorithm is an information lossless transformation of the MULTEXTEAST compliant lexical tags into a reduced tagset that can be mapped back on the lexicon tagset fully deterministic. From the baseline tagsets, a corpus linguist, expert in the language in case, may further reduce the tagsets taking into account language distributional properties. As any further reduction of the baseline tagsets assumes losing information, adequate recovering rules should be designed for ensuring the final tagging in terms of lexicon encoding.


Biological impacts of ocean acidification have mostly been studied using future levels of CO2 without consideration of natural variability or how this modulates both duration and magnitude of CO2 exposure. Here we combine results from laboratory studies on coral reef fish with diurnal in situ CO2 data from a shallow coral reef, to demonstrate how natural variability alters exposure times for marine organisms under increasingly high‐CO2 conditions. Large in situ CO2 variability already results in exposure of coral reef fish to short‐term CO2 levels higher than laboratory‐derived critical CO2 levels (~600 µatm). However, we suggest that the in situ exposure time is presently insufficient to induce negative effects observed in laboratory studies. Our results suggest that both exposure time and the magnitude of CO2 levels will be important in determining the response of organisms to future ocean acidification, where both will increase markedly with future increases in CO2.


In nature, nonlinear dynamical processes are usually complex. Mathematical modeling is used for describing and analyzing such dynamical processes. Related topics are active in such research fields. However, it is not easy to deduct the new future trends for this area in general. An interesting task is to provide a good interpretation of complexity in order to clarify the relations between nonlinearity and complexity. For some researchers, a complex system is an intricate graph of causal links, which is highly nonlinear and, in turn, nonlinearity is related to the failure of the superposition principle. Therefore, it is interesting to edit a Theme Issue herein for future guidelines and the state-of-the-art of this discipline. In addition, our aim is to provide a place to exchange recent research developments, discoveries and progress on nonlinear dynamics and complexity. The aims of the present issue herein are to present some fundamental and frontier theories and techniques; and to stimulate more research interest in the exploration of nonlinear dynamics and complexity and to, also, directly pass the new knowledge to the young generation, engineers and technologists in the corresponding fields. The issue focuses on the recent developments, findings and progresses on fundamental theories and principles, analytical and symbolic approaches, and computational techniques in nonlinear physical science and nonlinear mathematics. Topics covered by the papers in this issue include