Fashion retailers are increasingly using influencer marketing to build a consumer-brand relationship. However, influencer marketing remains an understudied area, and choosing from among traditional attractive celebrity influencers and expert influencers remains a conundrum for marketers. Hence, this research examines the comparative effectiveness of an attractive celebrity influencer, vis-à-vis an expert influencer on online consumer-brand engagement, further resulting in an online impulse purchase. The moderating role of impulse buying tendency between online consumer-brand engagement and online impulse purchase is also examined. Using survey data from respondents following fashion influencers, the author tested the proposed hypotheses using structural equation modeling. The findings indicate that attractive celebrity influencers exhibit a significant effect on online consumer-brand engagement, which further leads to online impulse purchase. The findings also establish the moderating effect of impulse buying tendency and the mediating role of online consumer-brand engagement.


..................................................................................................................................................... I RÉSUMÉ..........................................................................................................................................................II EXECUTIVE SUMMARY........................................................................................................................... III SOMMAIRE.................................................................................................................................................. IV TABLE OF CONTENTS.............................................................................................................................. VI LIST OF TABLES ..................................................................................................................................... VIII LIST OF FIGURES ...................................................................................................................................... IX CHAPTER 1 – INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................1 1.1 BACKGROUND...................................................................................................................................1 1.2 PURPOSE ...........................................................................................................................................1 1.3 SCOPE ...............................................................................................................................................2 1.4 WORK ITEMS.....................................................................................................................................2 1.5 DELIVERABLES .................................................................................................................................2 CHAPTER 2 – METHOD ...............................................................................................................................3 2.1


Modern NAND Flash-based Solid-State Drives (SSD) presents low latency, high throughput, low power consumption and solid-state reliability improvements comparing to traditional magnetic-disk based Hard Disk Drives (HDD). However, due to NAND Flash memory cell characteristics, update-in-place is impossible. Instead, the Flash software layer allocates new storage space whenever data is written, even if it is a slightly modified version of already stored data, e.g., a slightly modified file. Consequently, a logical overwrite entails extensive writing with resulting latency, power and chip endurance costs. Noting that reads are much faster than writes and that stale ("overwritten") data is seldom erased until a much later time, we present an SSD architecture with integrated de-duplication at the Flash software layer. Our concept is to use de-duplication tools to manage write and read operations in SSD so as to reduce redundant writes caused by data overwrite. Read operation incur a penalty in order to reconstruct the stored data from multiple data versions. Our proposed architecture's benefit grows in multi-block writes and in write-mostly applications. It moreover offers the side benefit of incremental backup, which enables to restore previous versions of the stored data.


Based on the demand that measurement and control System is low power consumption,high precision and miniaturization,this design has analyzed the requirements of power system harmonic measurement and the characteristics of AD574A at first,then hardware design of sampling circuit is realized with the platform of Altera's DE2 board,and at the same time the interface design of AD574A and Field Programmable Gate Array(abbreviation-the FPGA) is completed in Quartus II,a AD sampling experiment is done under the program configuration at last,the correct ness of the method is proved by experiment.


In sports we simultaneously see one of the few areas in American life where members of different racial/ethnic groups can compete on a (literally) level playing field, and, ironically, where such g...


Nowadays, the emissions of CO2 due to the use of automobiles have reached critical levels causing global warming and health problems. In order to reduce these emissions, the French automotive industry has decided to reduce the car weight by means of the use of lighter materials such as composite materials. However, the classical joining techniques are not adapted to assembly these new materials to the structure of the car (aluminum and steel alloys). Therefore, the characterization and modeling of new joining techniques of dissimilar materials is a problem that has been treated in the current study.Four different joining techniques of dissimilar materials (metal/composite) have been studied: (i) stud bonding, (ii) laser welding, (iii) self-pierce riveting and (iv) adhesive bonding systems. Traditional lap-shear and cross-tension tests were used to characterize the first two joining techniques. Then, a new characterization test based on a modified Arcan device has been proposed to analyze the behavior of self-piercing rivet and adhesive bonding systems. Among all the four tested techniques, adhesive joints have been selected as the most adapted technique according to the requirements of the industry. Therefore, modified Arcan tests have been performed in order to determine the behavior of the adhesives of the study (Betamate1822 and Sikapower498). These tests were then used to propose and identify a new 3D non-linear viscoelastic spectral model. The identification procedure of the material parameters is only based on three multilevel creep tests, which permits the rapid dimensioning of adhesively bonded structures. Finally, the proposed behavior law was validated by the good concordance between the numerical predictions and the experimental curves of monotonic tests at different loading rates and increasing cyclic tests.The current study was developed in the framework of an automotive project. Nevertheless, the conclusions and prospects of the study can be extrapolated to other interesting fields.


Comprehensive management of seawater intrusion (SWI) must integrate economics and hydrology. Hydro‐economic analysis can inform SWI management in four ways. First, failure to understand economic incentives of groundwater extractors can lead to excessive spending on technical solutions that overlying landowners will not support. For example, SWI has been documented advancing inland through the multi‐layer confined aquifers of the Salinas Valley in California for more than 75 years, threatening existing agricultural and municipal water supplies. The components of a comprehensive structural solution have been known, recommended, and widely accepted for 65 years (Reinelt 2005). Yet, despite a multitude of water agency studies and proposed projects, overlying landowners have failed to fund the construction of the water conveyance component of the structural solution. To the landowners, the present value cost of funding the structural solution has been more than the present value benefits of slowing SWI. Understanding when the cost of continued SWI will become greater than the cost of the structural solution can improve planning and the spending of resources designing structural solutions. Second, hydro‐economic analysis reveals that the common property rate of SWI, where extractors make decentralized pumping decisions, is greater than the optimal rate of SWI and is thus economically inefficient. The divergence between the optimal and common property rates can be used to design spatial pumping fees to manage private incentives, which may be less expensive than structural solutions. Since individual extractors make pumping decisions based on private incentives (benefits and costs), the spatial pumping fees must be designed to internalize the costs that individual extractors impose on other extractors, common property externalities in the terminology of economics. If extractors are charged a pumping fee equal to the marginal pumping cost externality (cost imposed on other extractors through lowering groundwater levels) and the marginal SWI cost externality (cost imposed on landowners whose property is intruded), then decentralized pumping decisions will lead to the optimal rate of SWI. Third, the hydro‐economic analysis of the spatial profile of the full marginal opportunity cost of water equal to the marginal cost of extraction plus the marginal pumping cost externality plus the marginal SWI cost externality can inform the design of economically efficient structural solutions, in particular the location within the aquifer system that is the least‐cost water source for transfer to intruded areas. Fourth, SWI is economically efficient in some circumstances. In other words, banning or stopping SWI is more costly to the economy than allowing SWI to continue. The economic analysis of SWI examines the tradeoff between building a structural solution now or allowing SWI to occur and building a structural solution later. Since there is a time value of money characterized by an interest or discount rate, it is often less expensive in present value terms to delay the construction of smaller capacity physical solution, as occurred in the Salinas Valley, allow SWI to occur, and build a somewhat larger capacity physical solution later. Azores, Portugal SWIM21 21st Salt Water Intrusion Meeting June 21 26, 2010


Abstract Metaphors offer flexibility and promote unconscious expression that broaden the traditional cognitive/behavioral approach. An extensively developed metaphor, The Wood-Burning Stove, is introduced as a cognitive/behavioral intervention. The methodology includes telling, not reading, the metaphor as an intervention for dietary regulation during the early stage of treatment. Integrating metaphoric terminology into the remainder of the treatment is thought to contribute toward cognitive restructuring. A metaphor in eating disorder treatment can function as: (a) a source to unify mind/body dichotomy; (b) a form of projective indentification for problem solving; and (c) a structure for developing internal locus of control. Observable treatment results of quantitative dietary changes reveal: (a) anorectics eat more food; (b) both anorectics and bulimics eat a larger number of meals throughout each day; and (c) there is a decrease in the amount of purging episodes. Given the scarcity of systematic resear...


Clinical-grade human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) established from a healthy volunteer are currently being considered as a quality controlled cell source for regenerative therapy. Transplantation of three-dimensional bioengineered cardiac tissues composed of human iPSC-derived cardiovascular cell lineages is reported to hold potential for cardiac functional recovery.

 The aims of this study were to evaluate tissue conformation and cellular viability of human iPSC-derived cardiac tissues (HiCTs) generated from clinical-grade cells and to validate functional efficacy of HiCT transplantation.

 Clinical-grade human iPSC lines were simultaneously differentiated into cardiovascular cell lineages by a high-density monolayer culture. The differentiation efficacy was analyzed by flow cytometry. We seeded the cells on temperature responsive culture dishes to form cell sheets. HiCTs are generated by stacking 5 cell sheets with insertion of gelatin hydrogel microspheres (GHMs) between each sheet to promote oxygen and nutrition supply. Characteristics of the HiCTs are histologically and immunohistochemically evaluated. The HiCTs were transplanted onto an athymic nude rat myocardial infarction (MI) model. Cardiac function was evaluated by echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) until 4 weeks after surgery, and compared to those in animals with sham operation and with cell sheet stacks without GHMs [GHM(−)].

 Flow cytometry at differentiation day15 revealed cellular components as follows: 52.5±1.4% of cardiomyocytes (cardiac isoform of troponin-T+), 9.8±0.7% of vascular endothelial cells (VE-cadherin+), 14.8±1.8% of vascular mural cells (PDGFRβ+) and 0.2±0.1% of undifferentiated cells (TRA-1-60+). HiCTs were significantly thicker [GHM(−) vs HiCT: 357.3±81.5 vs 723.0±84.0μm, p<0.05], composed of higher area of cardiomyocytes (27.7±7.9 vs 71.9±15.5mm2, p<0.05) and endothelial cells (CD31+) (1.6±0.7 vs 9.2±1.5mm2, p<0.05), free from hypoxia (HIF-1α+) (3.1±0.1 vs 0.8±0.2%, p<0.05) and cell death (TUNEL+) (3.2±0.1 vs 1.4±0.3%, p<0.05) after 7 days of in vitro culture. Echocardiography revealed significantly lower left ventricular end diastolic volume (LVEDV) and higher left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in HiCT group [sham (n=27) vs GHM(−) (n=12) vs HiCT (n=12): LVEDV; 1.4±0.1 vs 1.3±0.1 vs 0.9±0.1mL, p<0.0001/LVEF; 55.3±1.1 vs 58.2±2.3 vs 78.2±1.5%, p<0.0001]. Cardiac MRI showed lower LVEDV and higher LVEF as well [sham (n=8) vs GHM(−) (n=6) vs HiCT (n=6): LVEDV; 0.7±0.03 vs 0.7±0.03 vs 0.6±0.02mL, p<0.01 / LVEF; 39.2±2.1 vs 43.8±1.4 vs 54.0±2.8%, p<0.001].

 We conclude that HiCTs generated from clinical-grade cells hold sufficient viability and tissue conformation suitable for functional recovery validated by a rat MI model. Clinical-grade human iPSCs potentially serve as a reasonable cell source for stem cell-derived product transplantation therapy with foreseeable clinical applications.

 Type of funding source: Other. Main funding source(s): Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), Invited Research Project of Institute for Advancement of Clinical Transnational Science, Kyoto University Hospital


This paper takes an interpretive approach in examining how institutional support has facilitated newer teacher educators' professional learning as researchers whilst undertaking a research project about mentoring in teacher education.

The research project took place within a faculty of education in England and asked; what supports mentors' professional development?

Acknowledging that mentoring is a social practice and can be seen as 'doings, sayings and relatings' (Kemmis et al, 2014), the team adopted a thematic approach to the analysis of data (Strauss and Corbin, 2009) and discovered that what supports the professional learning of mentors also supported their own professional learning: These include knowledge of one's own educational aims and principles, support and resourcing, taking advantage of diverse opportunities, opportunities to practice and understand how to undertake research and developing strong relationships and reflecting on these in order to develop pedagogically excellent practice.

This paper demonstrates that including novice teacher educator researchers in faculty projects builds capacity and expertise and can help to improve and maintain quality within the challenging context of English teacher education.


Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is connected with accumulation of uremic toxins that leads to dysfunction of many systems including skeletal system. Indoxyl sulfate (IS) is one of the most potent protein-bound uremic toxin. However, its impact on bone and mineral disorders remains unclear. Sirtuins (SIRT) are members of the class III type nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent histone deacetylases. Their roles are commonly linked to aging, metabolism, and antioxidant defense. However, SIRT1, SIRT3 and SIRT7 maintain also bone formation. In turn, reduction of SIRT2 has a protective role due to reduced activation of osteoclasts-mediated bone resorption. Thus, the aim of this work was to evaluate IS impact on bone metabolism and bone properties, and SIRT genes expression.

 Male Wistar rats weighting 180 – 210 g were divided into 2 groups: experimental receiving IS in the dose of 200 mg/kg of b.w. for four weeks (200IS), and control receiving pure water (CON). After four weeks the femurs and tibiae were collected, and geometrical parameters (CI – cortical index, CSA – cortical sectional area, CSMI – cross sectional moment of inertia, MRWT – mean relative wall thickness) were measured. The IS bone (cortical and trabecular), plasma and urine levels were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The concentrations of Ca, Mg, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu in bone tissue were determined by the flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Bone turnover markers (alkaline phosphatase – ALP, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase - TRAP) were determined in homogenates from trabecular and cortical left femurs. The expression of ALP, TRAP, SIRT1, SIRT2, SIRT3 and SIRT7 gene was assessed by QRT-PCR in right femurs.

 Plasma, urine, cortical and trabecular bone IS concentrations were increased in 200IS compared to CON. Geometrical properties of femur (CI, CSA, CSMI and MRWT) were significantly reduced in 200IS. There were no differences in relative femur weight and length between studied groups. The activity of ALP and TRAP in bone tissue were significantly lower in 200IS compared to CON. In turn, the expression of TRAP gene was increased in 200IS. There were no difference in concentrations of Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, and Cu in bone tissue. Only Zn concentration in cortical bone was reduced in 200IS. The expressions of SIRT3 and SIRT7 were decreased in 200IS, whereas SIRT2 was increased in 200IS. Chronic exposure to IS did not affect expression of SIRT1.

 Obtained results suggest that IS affects bone properties and bone metabolism, and has impact on expression of SIRT2, SIRT3, and SIRT7 genes. Our findings may help to better understand mechanisms leading to dysfunction of skeletal system during CKD.
 This work was supported by Polish National Science Centre (Grant No. 2017/27/N/NZ4/00033).


In this work the evanescent space-charge field generated in semi-insulating GaAs semiconductor substrates was used to reorient the liquid crystals molecules sandwiched between them to study the energy exchange in two-wave mixing experiments. We show that the two-beam coupling gain coefficient in hybrid devices is enhanced by a factor of ∼36 as compared to GaAs alone. The photorefractive gain coefficient reported here is the largest ever reported in semiconductors without the need of space-charge enhancing techniques such as externally applied fields or running gratings.


Fluidised bed granulation is used in many process industries. In these systems, liquid binder is generally added to the fluidised bed through the use of atomising sprays. Typical spray nozzles produce droplets much smaller than the particle size of the powder, however, most research in wetting and nucleation has been for cases where the droplets are much larger than the particles, and there is very little research for systems where the droplets are smaller than the particles. This paper presents a series of discrete element method (DEM) simulations investigating wetting, liquid distribution and mixing in a fluidised bed granulator. A novel method for incorporating the liquid spray is implemented in the model, and a new parameter for the single particle surface coverage, Фp, is used to predict the fractional liquid coverage of particles. The objective of these simulations is to investigate mixing and liquid distribution in a fluidised bed granulator, with the future aim to develop an advanced model for agglomeration based on liquid coverage. The effect of superficial air velocity, liquid spray rate and spray size are investigated. The addition of these innovations to fluidised bed granulation modelling represent a significant improvement over existing models for fluidised bed granulation which assume uniform liquid coverage or use an increase in surface energy to simulate the effect of particle wetting.


The corrosion behavior of cold-rolled copper alloy in humid air containing traces of SO_(2) was investigated using scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) and transmission electron microscopy(TEM),so as to understand the influence of microelement Cr on the corrosion resistance of material.The results showed the corrosion resistance of Cu-Cr alloy increases with Cr micro-addition;the increasing of corrosion resistance is strongly related with the compact scales which ensured Cr-contained layers integrated.In contrast,the corrosion resistance of copper alloy is weaken by the local distribution of element Cr.


Changes in health care have made quality improvement (QI) program participation more than a good idea. Today, QI activities are part of the alphabet soup of regulations impacting provider pay.


Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is an uncommon condition which comprises diffuse or discrete pancreatic enlargement and irregular pancreatic duct strictures of autoimmune origin leading to pain or obstructive jaundice associated with extra‐pancreatic manifestations. It is characterized by an elevated IgG, especially IgG4, level. We illustrate the first described case of a patient with AIP in association with leucocytoclastic and renal vasculitis.


Government policies in the form of input subsidies have become an essential instrument for improving the performance of the agricultural sector and overcoming the limitations of resources owned by farmers. However, there are still questions about how effective this policy can be in boosting agricultural performance. This study aims to examine the impact of channeling input subsidies on agricultural productivity. Using the 2014 Agricultural Census microdata, 26,079 rice farm households were included in the analysis. Propensity Score Matching (PSM) is used to examine the impact of input subsidies on agricultural productivity represented by the productivity of rice farming. PSM was chosen because it can overcome the selection bias that could potentially arise in the analysis process. The analysis showed that the PSM model succeeded in reducing bias and confirmed that input subsidies had a significant effect on the productivity of rice farming. Thus, the input subsidy policy is an important and relevant instructor to improve the performance of the agricultural sector.


This paper deals with the lemmatisation process of a corpus of Latin hagiographic texts translated from Greek from the early Middle Ages onwards. The discussion concerns the well-known LASLA (Laboratoire d'Analyse Statistique des Langues Anciennes, University of Liege) method, initially developed for Classical Greek and Latin texts, and the conflicts that arise when it is applied to medieval texts. Some of the most complicated cases are produced when regarding uses differing from Classical Latin (especially changes of declension) with a suggestion of how to solve them.


The transcription of the single ribosomalRNA gene cluster is initiated at an assemblageof promoters five of which were previously mapped in the 910 base pair region in front of the 16S rRNA gene. The nucleotide sequence between positions -1680 and -910 was determined and Si nuclease mapping revealed therein two sites correspondingto the 5'ends of the primary transcripts.These two presumably represent the most distal promoters, P1 and P2, of the operon, P1 being separated from the 16S rRNA gene by more than 1250 bp. An additionalputative "internal" promoter located within the operon body in the 16S/23Sintergenicspacer was revealed by S1 nuclease mapping. A 528 bp long open reading frame is co-transcribedwith the rRNA genes from the P1 promoter. Its possible functional implication is discussed.


Purpose: to evaluate the effect of different riboflavin solutions on the corneal epithelium when ultravioletA (UV-A) irradiation is used during trans-epithelial cross-linking (TE-CXL). Design: experimental study. Participants and Controls: Three groups of five corneas tested, a fourth group of three corneas used as control. Methods: the eye-bank human corneas were soaked in vitro with: 1) a balanced salt solution; 2) a solution of riboflavin-dextran 0.1% widely used in TE-CXL; and 3) a solution of riboflavin 0.1%, vitamins and amino acids. The corneas then underwent UVA irradiation. A fourth group of corneas (control group) did not undergo any treatment. All corneas were subsequently analyzed with electron scanning microscopy. Main outcome measure: structural and ultra-structural aspect of corneal epithelium Results: after irradiation, the corneal epithelia of the three groups showed: 1) severe damage or even layer destruction; 2) evidence of cellular and inter-cellular damage; 3) evidence of less damage respect to group 2, although microvilli on the surface were less densely distributed compared with non-treated corneas. The epithelium of the control group showed good cellular adhesion; microvilli were well present and displayed with a great density. Conclusions: the proposed solution of riboflavin, vitamins and amino acids was more effective in protecting the corneal epithelium integrity and the microvilli of the epithelial surface respect to the solution widely used in TE-CXL, as evidenced by electron microscope investigations.


The crystallization kinetics of calcium carbonate in saturated brine was studied,based on the change of calcium ions concentration using Ca2+ ion-selective electrode(ISA).The effect of temperature and inhibitors on the crystallization of calcium carbonate were investigated.The results showed that the crystallization rate of calcium carbonate in brine was a second-order reaction process.The order of crystallization constant was influenced by temperature and inhibitors.The higher the temperature and the super-saturation of brine,the greater the crystal growth rate and constant of calcium carbonate.With the addition of scale inhibitors,the crystallization process could be inhibited and the crystal growth rate would be reduced obviously.


This invention relates to a power tool 1 including an operative element 4 for treating a work piece. The power tool 1 defines an air passageway and includes propelling means 20 operative to induce air to flow through the passageway The passageway direct the induced air over the power tool's motor 14 to cool the motor 14. The air is exhausted from the tool 1 by exhaust means onto the operative element 4 and a worked face of the work piece. This cools the operative element 4 which prolongs its working life. Furthermore, the exhausted air facilitates removal of swarf from the worked face.


This paper considers minimization, by means of control, of losses in permanent-magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drives in hybrid-electric vehicle (HEV) applications. A case study is presented to investigate the impact of loss minimization for an experimental PMSM drive, developed for propulsion in a series HEV. The case study shows that the additional inverter losses, due to the extra field weakening added, reduce the potential to minimize losses considerably.


BEIJING AND HANGZHOU--
 Good timing and determination have helped geneticist Yang Huanming create an institute that has catapulted China into the front ranks of sequencing with its shotgun sequencing of the
 indica
 rice genome, reported on page
 79. The Beijing Genomics Institute now has 92 of the latest-model automated sequencing machines, four of the fastest supercomputers in China, and a staff of 500 that grows by a dozen or so every month.


For a smart distribution system,self-healing is one of its characteristics,which is important to enable the distribution system self-perception,self-diagnosis,self-decision making and self-recovery,and thus operate in a safe,reliable and economic way at various status.This paper introduces key characteristics of self-healing control technology,especially its control target and strategy,and analyzes its several typical implementation approaches in dealing with the faults of distribution systems with different technology levels.Finally,an ongoing government sponsored project,"Research and Demonstration of Self-healing Control Technology for Smart Distribution Systems',is discussed in detail.


of Prudential Life Ins. Co., Pac. Med. Jour. Aug. Approximate Density of the World's Population estimated by continents for the year 1911. Area in Population Continent Square Miles Population per Sq. Mile Europe ........................ 3,833,567 463,997,000 121.0 Asia ............................ 16.997,639 962,233,000 56.6 Africa .......................... 11,760,689 135,987,000 11.6 North America .......... 8,631,657 127,993,000 14.8 South America .......... 7,184,021 51,191,000 7.1 Australasia .............. 3,317,762 7,572,000 2.3


Objective: To determine the etiological risk factors of arterial ischemic stroke (AIS) in children. Study Design: An observational cohort study. Place and Duration of the Study: Neurology department of "The Children's Hospital and Institute of Child Health, Multan", from January 2020 to December 2020. Methods: Children in the age group from one month of age to 12 years with a history of acute onset of focal neurological deficit of upper motor nerve and positive findings on neuroimaging were included in the study. The workup included baseline lab testing, neuroimaging, cardiac evaluation, and cerebro-spinal fluid (CSF) laboratory testing. We used predesigned proforma for recording the patient's details and the possible etiology of the stroke. Results: In a total of 84 children, 28 (33.3%) were male and 56 (66.7%) were female. Age ranged from 4 months to 11 years with a mean age of 3.4±2.2 years. Etiological risk factors identified in 62 (73.8%) patients and were remained undetermined in 22 (26.2%) patients. The risk factors identified were central nervous system infection arteriopathy in 22 (26.2%), iron deficiency anemia 20 (23.8%), cardiac disorders 11 (13.1%), moyamoya disease in 5 (6.0%), and mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes in 4 (4.8%) patients. Practical Implications: It is essential to know the etiology of risk factors responsible for AIS as the management and prognosis are directly influenced by them. Conclusion: Infection-associated arteriopathy was the most common etiological risk factor for arterial ischemic stroke in our study population. Keywords: Anemia, arterial ischemic stroke, central nervous system, moamoya


Three inbred lines of Antirrhinum majus and the Fi generations of crosses between them were scored for flowering time in nine greenhouse and garden experiments. The inbreds fell into two groups, the difference between which showed a marked interaction with environments. The two lines (An 105, An 106) which were similar were earlier flowering than the third line (An 101) in those environments which produced generally early flowering, but were later than An 101 when the environmental conditions led to late flowering. In all cases the Ft generations were at least as early as the earlier parent. Cabinet experiments identified temperature as the important environmental factor when day length was kept constant at 16 h. At 25 °C, An 105 and An 106 were earlier than An 101 while at 12 °C, at which temperature the average flowering time was much later, An 101 was earlier. The Fi generations were like An 105 and An 106 at 25 °C but showed heterosis at 12 °C. The differences in flowering time between genotypes were in all cases established by the time the first reproductive buds became visible (budding time). Thus a temperature difference well outside the range of vernalizing temperatures is having a striking effect on the phenotypic expression of genotypic differences determining the transition from vegetative to flowering development.


During the first two decades of the 21st century, the major push behind educational reform has been to raise tested achievement results in basic areas like literacy and mathematics, and increase equity by narrowing achievement gaps. We are now entering a new age where the social and educational challenges are different and even more serious, and where the means to resolve them are changing. Relying on evidence from Ontario, this contribution examines two interrelated areas for policy change: ...


Section 1: Basic facts about numbers ....................................................1 rational numbers, irrational numbers, prime, composite, odd, even, n divides m, prime factorization, infinitely many primes, perfect squares, irrationality of integral square roots, residue classes mod d, mod as binary operator, mod as equivalence relation, modular arithmetic, modular addition, modular multiplication.


Stop and go traffic that leads to oscillate traffic flow frequently is observed on congestion flow. Unexpected reasons such as lane - changing maneuvers, lower speeds of leader vehicle and moving bottleneck cause stop and go traffic and amplifying delay and environment impacts. Stop and go traffic exactly can't be modeled by traffic models, and also car following models based on kinematic flow theory can't be implied correct perception of stop and go traffic. Based on asymmetric microscopic theory and trajectory data of NGSIM, traffic flow can be classified into five phases according to speed and movement of the vehicle: Free flow, acceleration and deceleration, stationary and coasting phases. Analyzing stop and go traffic based on asymmetric theory of acceleration and deceleration phase will result to classify them into three cases: generation, growth and dissipation of traffic waves. Analyzing of traffic oscillation implies that stop-and-go traffic is relatively small and can't be propagated upstream unless the following traffic is also near D-curve; while the effect on lane changes are greater, and can propagate even the following traffic is not near the D-curve. In this paper, using time window in trajectory data clarify relation between the total number of lane changes and stop-and-go waves for congestion traffic. Analyzing net lane changes inside the searching window for incoming and outgoing lane changes about growth and dissipation of traffic waves indicate how characteristics of stop-and-go waves are intimately related to driver's asymmetric behavior of acceleration and deceleration. The comparison result on the growth and dissipation indicated that under the same net lane changes, growth wave case occupy the regions in fundamental diagram, flow - density diagram, deceleration curve, and dissipation wave case occupy the regions of flow - density, acceleration curve. Language: en


In the summer and fall of 1989, hundreds of shrimpers captained their vessels into position to blockade the ports and waterways of the Gulf of Mexico. These shrimpers, challenging the use of Turtle Excluder Devices (TEDs) required to protect turtles from being caught in shrimp nets, felt themselves caught in the net of government regulation. Their action, the largest protest over marine resources in the history of the United States, was only the most visible response to a highly charged conflict. "Caught in the Net" examines how national environmental groups identified a threat to sea turtles, spearheaded a drive to protect them, and saw their efforts result in the federal government's requirement that shrimpers use TEDs. The authors analyze the conflict that arose in reaction to the new regulations, highlighting the complex of alliances that developed. Based on extensive interviews with the participants, "Caught in the Net" highlights the modern ambiguities and tensions between environmental protection and those whose lives are based on what the environment offers.


With unique landscapes and rich resources,Qinghai Province is inhebited by a number of national minorities,sharing a variety of colourful traditional sports items.Taking the advantage of every opportunity to industrialize these national sports will surely enhance the province's economic development.


Based on a synergistic combination of preliminary CryoSat-2 and SMOS sea ice thickness products we nd an increase of thickness in Laptev-, Kara- and Barents-Sea and a decline of sea ice thickness close to the North Pole between March 2012 and 2013.


The paper is based on the idea that management of a national economy is a complex cybernetic system. By considering the Romanian economy the author postulates that the relations between socio‐economic macro‐systems should be expressed in terms of national income. On the basis of the model thus established future developments in various macro‐systems are predicted, e.g. in production, technology, population, labour force, etc. The author then describes a system for the prognosis of social and economic developments in Romania up to the year 2000. In order to achieve this object a Control Commission for Prognosis has been established under the chairmanship of Mr. Nicolae Ceausescu, the President of Romania.


An identity s « t is called a hyperidentity in a variety V if by substituting terms of appropriate arity for the operation symbols in s « i, one obtains an identity satisfied in V. Such substitutions are called hypersubstitutions. In the paper we consider hyperidentities and hypersubstitutions in the variety of differential groupoids, certain idempotent and medial groupoids. Differential groupoids are modes as defined in [Rom-S; 85]. We show that this variety and all its subvarieties are left-edge solid.


Cooperative driving, a technology domain that allows for autonomous as well as manually driven vehicles to cooperatively coordinate their maneuvers with the aid of inter-vehicular communication, represents nowadays a highly active scientific topic for numerous research projects, notably such as German funded project IMAGinE. In the development process of the corresponding cooperative driving functions, a big challenge is posed by their extensive and complex testing as well as verification and validation procedures, which is reasoned by the vast amount of relevant scenarios needed to consider, even when using modern simulation-based methods. In the work at hand, we introduce our novel co-simulation framework, involving a coupling of traffic flow simulation with vehicle dynamics simulation, as well as an integrated machine learning classification module, which is able to detect, generate and evaluate test scenes and scenarios. As a result, with our approach, we achieve an intelligent way to test and to evaluate the cooperative driving functions practically solely on relevant test scenarios, organized in a systematical workflow with reasonable effort.


Simple catalysts that use atom-economical oxygen as the terminal oxidant to accomplish selective ortho–ortho, ortho–para, or para–para homo-couplings of phenols are described. In addition, chromium salen catalysts have been discovered as uniquely effective in the cross-coupling of different phenols with high chemo- and regioselectivity.


3 Abstract: In the present stud y, t he antioxidant p otential of m ethanolic extracts o f t he leaves o f Aegle marmelos C orr.(Local N ame- B el), Abroma augus ta Li nn (Local N ame- U lot K ambal), L agerstroemia speciosa (Local N ame-Jarul), Cassia f istula (Local Name-Bador Lathi), Anthocephalus ch inensis (Local Name- Kadam), Syzygium cumini Skeel (Local Name- Jam), was evaluated. The extracts were investigated for i ts antioxidant activity using hydro gen donation ass ay method. The ext racts showed significant antioxidant activities in hydrogen donation assay compared to t he standard a ntioxidant (Ascorbic Acid) in a dose dependent m anner. A ll the extracts sh owed potent antioxidant ac tivity, of wh ich the methanolic 50 extract o f Abroma augus ta Li nn. demonstrated the strongest antioxidant activity with the IC value of 51.9786mg ml . T he other e xtracts o f p lants a lso showed significant an tioxidant ac tivity. -1


[Background] The yeast Yarrowia lipolytica is an oleaginous microorganism and can produce long-chain fatty acids and oils with high cell contents. However, the synthesis of very-long-chain fatty acids by this yeast remains to be investigated. [Objective] To engineer Y. lipolytica to synthesize very-long-chain fatty acids with high values and evaluate the influences of temperature on biomass, oil production, and fatty acids compositions. [Methods] The fatty acids elongation enzyme genes AtFAE1 in Arabidopsis thaliana, BtFAE1 in Brassica tournefortii and CgKCS in Cardamine graeca were codon-optimized according to the frequency of codon usage in Y. lipolytica. The plasmids pYLEX1-AtFAE1, pYLEX1-BtFAE1, pYLEX1-CgKCS and pYLEX1-AtFAE1-BtFAE1-CgKCS were constructed and used to transform the host strain Y. lipolytica Po1g, generating the yeast strains Po1g-AtFAE1, Po1g-BtFAE1, Po1g-CgKCS and Po1g-AtFAE1-BtFAE1-CgKCS. Furthermore, the DGAT1 gene encoding diacylglycerol acyltransferase was overexpressed in the strain Po1g-CgKCS to improve oil production. [Results] The results showed that the overexpression of AtFAE1, BtFAE1, and CgKCS led to the remarkably difference in the composition and content of fatty acid in Y. lipolytica. AtFAE1 mainly catalyzes the synthesis of C20:1, BtFAE1 prefers to synthesize erucic acid (C22:1), and CgKCS can catalyze the synthesis of nervonic acid (C24:1). Nevertheless, co-expression of the three genes in Y. lipolytica did not increase the production of nervonic acid. Overexpression of the gene DGAT1 in Po1g-CgKCS apparently increased the oil content by 50%. The results from the temperature experiment showed that a lower temperature benefited the synthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, while a higher temperature benefited the synthesis of saturated fatty acids in Y. lipolytica in our tests. [Conclusion] The fatty acids elongase CgKCS can directly catalyze the synthesis of the C24:1 fatty acid from the C18:1 fatty acid, and the synthesis of unsaturated fatty acids can be improved by optimizing the culture temperature. This study provides theoretical and technical guidance for the construction of cell factories for very-long-chain fatty acids and the optimization of fermentation.


Subject. The article considers the planning of non-tax revenue collection.
Objectives. The aim is to reveal reasons that affect the quality of non-tax revenue planning, identify risks in the planning.
Methods. I employ methods of analysis, synthesis, collaboration, concretization, and comparison.
Results. The comprehensive analysis of the system for planning the collection of non-tax revenues unveiled the need to amend the existing regulations used by government authorities to forecast non-tax revenues. The paper proves that implementation of methodological recommendations for budget revenues forecasting failed to improve the quality of non-tax revenues forecasting; reveals incorrect calculation of quality indicator of revenue planning that is used to control the quality of financial management. The paper also identifies the elements of risk management in the planning of non-tax revenues collection.
Conclusions. The elimination of identified causes will enable the government authorities and chief revenue administrators to improve the quality of non-tax revenue planning.


A Gamma Camera based on Silicon Drift Detectors (SDDs) represents a gamma-ray imaging device with several potentialities in the field of medical imaging. The potential intrinsic insensitivity to magnetic fields of SDDs provides the important capability to use this device in combination with MRI. The possibility of simultaneous data acquisition with scintigraphic/SPECT and MRI systems plays in fact a topic role in the field of medical research and clinical diagnosis. The main effect in a SDD due to the presence of a constant magnetic field was simulated and tested and the preliminary results are presented in this work. Simulations and tests were also made to verify that the presence of the detection system doesn't significantly perturb magnetic force lines in the MRI system. The results are here presented and discussed. Experimental characterization was made with a simplified gamma-ray detection system in order to verify the possibility of simultaneous data acquisition with a MRI system operating with a magnetic field up to 7T.


Permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs) are particularly energy efficient solutions in the modern chemical, mining and automobile industries. The properties of speed-controlled electrical drive systems enable PMSMs to save maximum energy. If electric machines are operated in an explosive atmosphere, it must be ensured that the maximum surface temperature remains below the ignition temperature of the surrounding explosive environment. Proper investigations during the design, manufacturing, and operation of machines should be considered with a minimum possibility of an explosion risk. PMSMs should satisfy safety performance, explosion-proof performance, as well as noise and vibration requirements and should conform to explosion-proof environment criteria.


The report considers the role of the regional forum "Volga-2012" in the organization and implementation of new youth projects. The research work "Political myth as a factor of formation of ethnic tensions between the citizens of Ukraine and Russia" by the undergraduate student of political science of VolSU is represented.


Approximately one quarter of SBF 120 Index French firms, whose stock is traded on the main French markets, use the "human capital" concept in their social reports or disclosures. The purpose of this research is to determine the quality of such reports and to assess the motives and financial impacts of such disclosures. On one hand, results from the study show that political visibility, sector membership, and internal social climate are major explanatory variables of "human capital" disclosures. On the other hand, no correlation is found between "human capital" information and stock performance. Moreover, information disclosed by French companies is poor in quality. Such empirical observations raise questions about how an effective external control can exist, and about the opportunity for future regulations.


In February 1991, the National Rural Electric Cooperative Association (NRECA) formed the Transmission and Distribution Engineering Committee (T&DEC). The purpose of T&DEC is to augment the Rural Electrification Administration's (REAs) ability to provide rural electric systems with technical information by: providing a mechanism whereby engineers from the rural electric systems can work together on items of common technical interest; establishing a national forum through which engineers from the rural electric systems can exchange technical information; providing a channel for rural electric systems to provide input to REA on field experience with items of material and equipment included in the REA List of Materials; and providing a method for rural electric systems to suggest to REA new or revised material or construction specifications, standards, guides, or other technical material.<<ETX>>


Zoige with abundant waterweeds is famous for wetland of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,and various kinds of cellulosedegrading microorganisms occur in the soil of this region. The composition of cellulolytic microbes were analyzed through enrichment and the number of transparent circles(TC) was calculated. 15 strains were obtained from the samples collected in the different habitats in Zoige and a strain named 3C-6.12 with strong cellulose degrading capability was screened from them. Biolog and 16S rRNA molecular identifi cation confi rmed that the strain was Xanthomonas campestris. The highest activity(66.44 U/mL) of cellulase was present when the bran/corncob ratio was 3:2 used in fermentation medium. The optimum growth pH and temperature of strain 3C-6.12 were 6~8 and 30 ℃,respectively. Cellulose is the richest organic material on the earth. Therefore,with this strain cellulose can fully and effectively used to produce bioenergy.


New approaches in the battle against rising numbers of children entering orphanhood are becoming increasingly sought. This begins with a rejection of the previous focus on merely removing children from 'problem' parents and finding them new, 'better' families to live with. The author analyses the continuity between three stages of intervention in family life; firstly in preventative measures to avert crises in risk families, secondly in anti-crisis intervention and finally through post-crisis work. Clearly, a significant amount of inter-institutional coordination is needed for continuity between the three stages. This article offers a comparative study of state approaches to this problem in the Czech Republic and the Russian Federation, two countries with significant levels of social orphanhood. This is done by statistical comparisons, using statistics to show the areas in which both countries are failing. This is followed by comparing legislation and legal practice in both countries and by looking at the differences and similarities of their intervention work. Both countries are found lacking in preventative measures, although the Czechs have had better results in coordinating the three stages than the Russian authorities, who have focused too much on punitive measures during the anti-crisis stage of intervention. Russian court orders often remove children from their families without any recourse to intermediary measures and returning orphans to their families is proven here to be rare, showing an unwillingness to reverse court decisions even when common sense dictates otherwise. The Russian approach is marked by harshness and a keen sense that parents must be perpetrators and be made natural scapegoats for the problem. While far from ideal, the Czech system has proven more able to coordinate its forces for the three-stage approach of intervention and provide more overall continuity between each phase of intervention. In both countries, resolution of this problem is firmly connected to achieving further success in linking the three stages of intervention.


Inadequate performance is a form of performance obstacle.The paper introduces its origin and development, and makes some suggestions on improvement of China's correlative legislation.According to the theories and legislations of Germany, Japan, Taiwan, and some international conventions.


This review work based on the Performance analysis of OAM-OFDM system in AWGN Channel. In Digital communication system with multi carrier modulation technique can play very important role in all phase of designing and engineering. In this work we discuss about the performance analysis of 16QAM-OFDM system. We compare the performance analysis of different technique used in the 16 QAM OFDM and discuss the BER vs SNR Ratio. Keywords—QAM-OFDM, DAB, VHDSL, FFT,


As the esteemed historian Ronald L. Numbers notes in his foreword to this volume, opposition to Darwinism can no longer be understood as merely an 'American bizarrity', as it is now a feature of 'C...


The beneficial effects of systemic corticosteroids in treatment and/or control of several skin diseases are unquestionable. Nevertheless, dermatologists should be aware of the main adverse effects of these drugs and do what is necessary to avoid any harm to patients. The authors report the measures physicians should take before and during glucocorticoid therapy, so that any complications be immediately diagnosed and treated.


The paper by Joakim Larsson and Bo Dahlin "Educating far from Equilibrium: Chaos Philosophy and the Quest for Complexity in Education" can be called a manifesto of anti-dualism. Inspired by Dewey's century old creed, the authors present a well-researched argument for a complementary approach towards balancing historically conflicting modes of thinking, knowing and educating. In my response to their article I will focus on both philosophical and scientific sources that exemplify the principle of complementarity – first called as such by Niels Bohr who problematized the mutually exclusive descriptions of nature at its most subtle, quantum, level in terms of either particles or waves. In the move from either/or to both/and Bohr a connection between his idea of complementarity and Eastern philosophy. His epistemic position considered that what we may perceive as binary opposites at the ordinary experience are in fact not contradictory but complementary. For Bohr, the interplay of yin and yang tendencies forming one integrated whole in Chinese philosophy of Taoism relevant to, informative for, his principle complementarity in physics. adoption of the both/and , integrative, principle as it has been in the physical science, appears to have been long in social sciences, including education.


The University of Costa Rica (UCR) will soon have a centre for the early detection of cancer. It will be able to produce positron-emission radiopharmaceuticals. The positron emission tomography (PET) is a nuclear medicine procedure in which the in vivo distribution of a labeled pharmaceutical can be studied. The main PET radiopharmaceutical is 2-deoxy-2-(18F)fluoro-D-glucose (FDG). This radiopharmaceutical is used in oncology in diagnosis, staging, prognostic assessment, therapy monitoring, radiotherapy planning and detection of recurrent disease. The purpose of the review is to deal with vital aspects regarding the production of the radionuclide 18F in the cyclotron, the synthesis and quality control of FDG and PET image acquisition. Furthermore, it summarizes existing information regarding patient preparation and compares the FDG PET/CT oncologic indications covered by public healthcare systems in Ecuador, Uruguay and Spain.


A previously fit and well 39-year-old man presented to the emergency department (ED) with a 2-week history of increasing back pain. He first noted the pain after a ride on a banana boat. Initial treatment by the general practitioner with opioids and …


The multicollinearity in multiple linear regression models and the existence of leverage data points are common problems. These problems exert undesirable effects on the least squares estimators. So, it would seem important to combine methods of estimation designed to deal with these problems simultaneously. In this paper, alternative biased robust regression estimator is defined by mixing the ridge estimation technique into the robust least trimmed squares estimation to obtain the Ridge Least Trimmed Squares (RLTS). The efficiency of the combined estimator(RLTS) is compared with some existing regression estimators, which namely, the Ordinary Least Squares (LS); Ridge Regression (RR) and Ridge Least Absolute Deviation(RLAD). The numerical results of this study show that, the RLTS regression estimator is more efficient than other estimators, based on, Bias and mean squared error criteria for many combinations of leverage data points and degree of multicollinearity.


Introductions Introduction Mogadishu: The Hardship Post First Encounters * Histories Involvements I Involvements II Into the 1980s * Chronology (19881989) The Coming of July 14 July 14 and Its Aftermath * Pastoral Ideology And Urban Realities The Bush. Pastoral Principles Ties Moralities Tribalism * Family To Family. Marriage I Marriage II Divorce and Family Spread Meanings in Mobility * Conclusions A Rigorous Ending Epilogue: No Ending


Human resources play the most important role for the success of a company, given the human resources is a determinant of corporate activities both planning, organizing, and decision making. When viewed from the productivity of work, high education will enable high work productivity as well. Training of labor is needed by the company because the scope and material given is already adjusted to the needs of employees who expected will be able to enlarge employee work productivity. With the impetus to further know the relationship between education and training on the productivity of the production company, the writer raised the issue of "EFFECT OF EDUCATION LEVEL AND TRAINING OF EMPLOYEES ON EMPLOYEE PRODUCTIVITY PRODUCTION PART ON COMPANY PT. KOSOEMA NANDA PUTRA PEDAN, KLATEN. "
 This research is a descriptive research with hypothesis using multiple regression analysis. Population in this research is employees of PT. Kosoema Nanda Putra pedan, klaten that as many as 750 people, sampling is done by Random Sampling method which amounts to 89 employees of production.
 Based on the results of this study is known Variable Education Level of 1.853 while the value of ttable with 95% confidence level or (α: 0,05) is 1.98793, because tcount> ttabel then H1 is rejected, which means the level of education does not affect the productivity of production work . Labor Training Variable is 10,135 while the value of ttable with confidence level 95% or (α: 0,05) is 1.98793, because tcount> ttable then H2 accepted, which means labor training effect on work productivity of production part at PT. Kosoema Nanda Putra. In determination coefficient of determination value of Adjusted R Square (R2) that is equal to 0,941, in this case can be interpreted that work productivity of employee of production part can be explained by influence of education level and training tenaja kerja with value equal to 94,10%, , 90% is explained by another variable not examined in this study.


The complex geological conditions of St. Petersburg, represented on average by a two-hundred-meter layer of sandy-worm particles, high water saturation of the soil complicate the construction processes of the underground cycle. There is a need to use the technology "wall in the ground" and boring piles. Special advantages of which are the maintenance of construction and installation works in the maximum proximity to existing structures, the rapid pace of construction, high water resistance of protective structures. Ключевые слова: глубокий котлован, слабый грунт, траншеи, «стена в грунте», тиксотропность, глинистый раствор, буросекущие сваи, лахта центр, водонасыщенный грунт.


A new solution to the multi objective decision making problem with qualitative variables is developed based on the fuzzy control principle. In this method, by fuzzification of the objective values and weight, the fuzzy inference and defuzzification process are employed to evaluate each alternative, and further to implement the multi objective decision making. Finally, the practicability and effectiveness of the solution are verified by a case study.


The objective of research is a justification of a concept of import substitution as the stimulating policy of territorial development of regions. In article the author considered the import-substituting model in the context of neoindustrialization. The author made a conclusion that in modern Russian realities neoindustrialization should be considered, first of all, in the context of formation of industrial base of import substitution. The author defined that import substitution shouldn't be considered so much as reaction to adverse foreign policy factors which served only as a starting signal of change of an economic course of the state, how many objective long-term tendencies of development of world global economy at the present stage. The author proved that dependence of the priority enterprises and branches on deliveries of import accessories and materials for agriculture indicates possible problems and directions of the solution of a problem of food import substitution in Russia. The author supposed that at the due level of the state support import substitution will become a certain incentive for development and protection of own agroproduction. The article revealed that the import substitution concept as the stimulating policy of territorial development of regions includes the following dominants of social and economic development of macrolevel: technological (import substitution as strategy of neoindustrialization of the Russian economy); political (import substitution as factor of territorial integrity of the state); social (import substitution as way of restructuring of employment and consumption); economic (import substitution as strategic fundamentals of industrial policy). The listed dominants cause a role of a state policy of import substitution in regional development in quality: instrument of technological updating of regional economies; the instrument of integration of spatial economies of certain regions of the Russian Federation and in them; way of structural control of regional social and economic systems for public needs of territories; the instrument of activization of regional points of economic growth according to branch priorities of industrial policy).


Ten morphometric distances were measured on 831 fish larvae from 33 species and 18 families. Volume was calculated from these measurements and the shape of all larvae with a volume between 3 and 5 nl was compared. It became possible than to group the larvae around four characteristic shapes: eel-like larvae, deep + compressed larvae, fusiform larvae, and tadpole-like larvae. Net drawings were constructed from the average morphometric distances of each group. At a given volume, eel-like larvae are about twice as long as larvae from other groups, which are of about the same length. Tadpole-like larvae are wider, and deep + compressed larvae are deeper than the others. The diameter of the eye is larger and the lateral surface area is smaller in tadpole-like and in fusiform larvae than in deep + compressed and eel-like larvae. The total surface area decreases for larvae of the same volume in the following sequence: eel-like > deep + compressed > fusiform > tadpole-like. Volume is a better indicator for comparable stages of postlarval development than length, especially when eel-like larvae like anchovy or herring are compared with other larvae. As a hypothesis, two different growth strategies are suggested: A) Eel-like larvae and deep -»compressed larvae grow slowly while feeding on abundant small prey items. Mortality caused by predation is reduced by their ability for burst escapes, as well as by their extreme length and depth, respectively, which makes them appear bigger than suggested by their volume. Their energy saving swimming style gives them a good potential to survive periods of starvation. B) Fusiform and tadpole-like larvae represent fast-growing predators. They invest energy to speed through the phase of high vulnerability. If, however, appropriate prey items are scarce, this strategy fails, and because of their high energy consumption they will soon reach the "point of no return".


Protein-protein interactions(PPIs) are the foundation of most biological processes. With the development of high-throughput experimental methods and computational prediction methods, a large amount of PPIs are available from different species. From these PPIs, it is a great challenge to abstract biological meaningful information. Started with PPIs data, PPIs network is mapped. Prediction of functional modules from PPIs network map will facilitates prediction of protein function and elucidations of molecular mechanisms of biochemical processes. In this paper, we reviewed bioinformatics methods to predict functional modules in PPIs network, as well as evaluation of these methods. Methods of PPIs network comparison were also discussed here.


As part of a planned upgrade project for the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE) accelerator, we are considering replacing our current timing system, which distributes each timing signal on its own dedicated wire, with a more modern event-driven system. This paradigm shift in how timing signals are generated and distributed presents several challenges that must be overcome if we are to preserve our current operational capabilities. This paper will discuss some of the problems and possible solutions involved with migrating to an event system. It will also discuss some recent enhancements to the Micro Research, Finland (MRF) event system that will help us accomplish our goal.


The design of complex structural steel connections by finite element analysis is common practice nowadays. However, for welded joints there are no normative regulations for the static finite‐element‐analysis. To analyse the specific material behaviour in the weld area and derive a geometry and material model for the finite element analysis, tensile tests on specimens with different weld geometries are made at the Technical University of Darmstadt. During the tests an optical measuring method, called Digital Image Correlation, is used. It records the deformations on the surface of the specimen and assigns the recorded analogue test load to the images. By this way, the load‐deformation‐behaviour in all areas of the weld can be determined. In addition to the tensile tests, microsection examinations are carried out. The applied colour etching makes the microstructure of the weld zones visible so they can be geometrically superimposed with the strain images of the tensile tests. In welded connections the stress state is very complex. Therefore, numerical investigation must be performed to derive the final stress‐strain‐curves of the weld area. These curves can then be implemented as a material model for the finite element analysis of welded connections.


The paper presents a summary of the key technologies for the design of a cruciform biaxial tensile machine and specimen.The Abaqus software is resorted to a comparative study of the stress distribution and plastic strain range of three classic specimens under the same loading ratio and different loading ratios.Study results show that the movement of the central region of specimen under control is a guarantee.A minimized extra bending momentum is a need,and a cooperation of loadings for different directions is a must.To increrase the plastic deformation in the central region and enlarge the uniform stress field range as well as to diminish the stress concentration are critical for the design of a specimen.Of the three specimens being analyzed,Kuwabara specimen is of the worst stress uniformity;the Mankinde specimen is of the best stress uniformity;Muller specimen is of the least stress concentration and the smallest plastic deformation region.And the plastic deformation in Muller specimen is more sensitive to the change of the load ratio.


The energy band structure and defect state of an InAs/InGaAs/GaAs quantum dot-infrared photodetector (QDIP) were characterized by performing capacitance–voltage and deep level transient spectroscopy measurements. We found a confined energy level of the InAs/InGaAs quantum dot in the InGaAs/GaAs quantum well. The confined energy in this QDIP structure was measured to be approximately 340 meV below the barrier edge which is located at the conduction band edge of the GaAs layer. This QDIP structure has also a point defect with an activation energy of 0.60 eV, which may be considered as an EL2 family in a GaAs material.


Abstract Anemia is a common clinical pathological finding in stranded loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) secondary to trauma and chronic debilitation. These animals may benefit from species-specific blood product administration, yet few studies have evaluated the effects of anticoagulants on loggerhead sea turtle blood storage. Sea turtles in managed collections may serve as healthy blood donors, allowing for short-term blood storage with transfer of blood products within 24 h to rehabilitation facilities. The objective of this study was to compare the packed cell volume (PCV), total solids (TS), electrolytes, glucose, and venous blood gas analytes over a 24 h storage of loggerhead sea turtle whole blood in three anticoagulants: sodium heparin, sodium citrate, and citrate-phosphate-dextrose-adenine (CPDA-1). Blood from eight loggerhead sea turtles at the Karen Beasley Sea Turtle Rescue and Rehabilitation Center (Surf City, NC) was used following routine venipuncture for health assessment. Whole blood was placed into vacutainer tubes containing sodium heparin, sodium citrate, or CPDA-1 and stored at 4–8°C (39–46°F). PCV and TS were evaluated at 0, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h. Blood gas, electrolyte, and glucose analyses using i-STAT CG8+ cartridges were performed at 0 and 24 h. There were no significant differences in PCV and TS over time. At 24 hours, pink plasma was observed in 62.5% (5/8) of CPDA-1 and 12.5% (1/8) of citrate specimens. CPDA-1 and citrate specimens had a significant increase in potassium at 24 h. Both heparin and citrate specimens had a significant decrease in pH and increase in partial pressure of carbon dioxide at 24 h. Sodium values decreased over time in citrate and CPDA-1 specimens. Loggerhead sea turtle blood stored in CPDA-1, and sodium citrate had more significant blood gas and electrolyte changes over 24 h, indicating a greater degree of erythrocyte leakage or lysis. For the purposes of collection and short-term storage of loggerhead sea turtle blood, sodium heparin is preferable.


According to the practical characteristics understandings of the short-term construction planning,the article focuses on the three cores planning element which effect on the effectiveness of the short-term construction planning: planning content,planning status,developing mode,and thinking about how to enhance the effectiveness of the short-term construction planning,in order to make short term construction planning better adapt the needs of the development construction and planning management of the city in recent years.


A measure of stream quality, the index of biotic integrity (IBI), was adapted to great rivers (>3226 km2) and calibrated using a variety of spatial scales. Fish fauna was sampled at 60 localities within 15 impoundments of the Ohio River drainage, eastern Ohio, West Virginia and Pennsylvania, with boat electroshocker methods during the summers and autumns of 1990–1993 to provide biological information for the IBI. Significant correlation was not found between ecoregion or differing reservoirs; however, the IBI was sensitive to differences in land use and variable industrial and municipal loadings. Species richness, the percentage large river faunal group, the proportion of round-bodied sucker species, the number of centrarchid species, the number of sensitive taxa and the proportion of simple lithophilous spawning species showed the greatest change between riverine and lacustrine habitats within an impoundment. The percentage large river faunal group metric was not significantly different between riverine, transitional and lacustrine habitats; however, the metric reflected significant differences when evaluated with habitat information. The number of centrarchid species was higher in lacustrine habitats, whereas round-bodied sucker species were highest in transitional habitats. The inherent variation of proportional metrics was significantly reduced with the removal of gizzard shad. This modification of the IBI will enhance assessment sensitivity over the original approach designed for wadable streams and rivers.


The fight to limit smoking and the harmful health and social consequences are led by the 60s of last century. Currently there are several regulations introducing restrictions to curb smoking and improve public health. According to a new theory cause, increased morbidity among smokers receive additional radiation dose consumption of tobacco products. Gross β-activity indicator enables to generally assess the specific activity of all β-active radioisotopes contained in the tobacco as the basis for assessing their passage from the tobacco product to the consumer. The purpose of this study on Burley tobacco is to determine the gross β-activity on harvesting belts and parts of the tobacco leaf. The results show that the leaves of the middle belt, of which the I class is mainly formed, have the highest activity and those of the lower belt with the lowest. In the parts of the tobacco leaf, it was found that the specific activity of the veins exceeded that of the whole leaf of 0.5-2.4 times and that of the lamina by 2.5-4 times.


5 Mohaghepour N. Gelber RR. Engleman EG. T-cell defect in lepromatous leprosy is reversible in vitro in the absence of exogenous growth factors. J Immunol, 1 987; 138: 570-574. 6 Ottenhoff THM. Immunology of ieprosy: Lessons from and for leprosy. Int J Lepr, 1 994; 62: 1081 2 1 . 7 Gill HK, Godal T . Deficiency o f cell mediated immunity in leprosy. Prog Allergy, 1 986; 37: 377-390. 8 Salgame PR, Mahadevan PRo Antia NH. Mechanism of immunosuppression in leprosy: Presence of suppressor facto(s) from macrophages of lepromatous patients. Infect Immun, 1 983 ; 40: 1 1 1 91 1 26. 9 Birdi TJ. Salgame PRo Mahadevan PRo Antia NH. An indomethacin sensitive suppressor factor released by macrophages of leprosy patients. J Biosci, 1 984; 6: 1 251 34.


Entrepreneurship is characterized by complex, dynamic and emergent processes, and the interplay between actors, processes, and contexts. Postpositivistic approaches offer the opportunity to examine subtleties of the phenomenon of entrepreneurship by placing emphasis on a range of its dimensions and the interplays between dimensions. Despite a growing body of postpositivistic research in response to such calls, the legitimacy of these approaches is still subject to debate on the grounds of rigor and relevance. This special issue challenges these prevailing but often hidden assumptions governing the conduct and publication of scholarly inquiry in the field of entrepreneurship and offers alternative perspectives for future research.


Chukseosa stone seated Vairocana Buddha is a Buddhist statue sponsored by Kim Yang-jong's family, Chin''gol(眞骨) nobility of capital in late Unified Silla in 867. Though not directly inscribed on Buddhist statues, Myongdan, the youngest daughter of Kim Yang-jong, who was Silla King Hondok era Shijung(侍中) through the inscription of prestigious Buddhist reliquary found in the three-story stone Pagoda, commissioned for her parents and it was estimated to have been built with stone pagoda nearly in 867. Inside the three-story stone Pagoda, it was led by Hwangnyongsa temple monk Hyonko and enshrined 10 Sarira and Rasmivimalavisuddhaprabhanama-dharani-sutra[無垢淨光大陀羅尼經]. In the case of the Mugujeong pagoda[無垢淨塔] that had "Mugujeong Sutras" like Chukseosa temple pagoda, the role of the lecturer would have been more important because the ceremony was carried out according to the sutras contents. For this reason, far away from Hwangnyongsa temple, the representative temple of capital, would have called a monk to lead the ceremony.
At the time of the composition, the stone mandorla and pedestal would have been well equipped, but then one day the original stone mandorla was lost, and monk Segyun(世均), who pitied it, made a wooden mandorla of the big size that was rampant in 1730. At that time, Segyun also carved the ceiling dragon carving, a high-level sculptor who had actively participated in the 18th century, including repainting in gold nearby Yeongju Buseoksa temple Amitabha Buddha statue and Gijang Jangansa temple stone Buddhas of Three Ages. The wooden mandorla of Buseoksa Muryangsujeon Amitabha Buddha statue is also likely to have been carved by Segyun while repainting in gold of the Amitabha Buddha statue.
'Bonghwa' area in Silla era is special. This is because there are a relatively large number of Buddhist arts from the 7th century to late Unified Silla. There are many numbers, but all the remaining examples are more remarkable because they are monumental works in Buddhist art. For example, there is the Bukjiri rock cliff Buddha, 5 meters high from the old Chirimsa temple site, and the famous Bukjiri stone pensive statue found near the rock cliff Buddha. The Buddha statue of Vairocana, which was especially popular in the late Unified Silla in the 9th century, is not a few.
The Buddha statues of Vairocana meaningful to date reach about 30. Among them, all of 6 pieces including 2 pieces at Chukseosa temple, 2 pieces of stone seated Vairocana Buddha now in Buseoksa Jaindang moved from Yeongju Dongbangsa temple site, 1 piece of Punggi Birosa temple and 1 piece of Yeongju Songhyolsa temple have been handed down to here Yeongju and Bonghwa areas. These are all stone-built statues of Vairocana Buddha, built in the mid and late Unified Silla in the 9th century. The Buddha statue of Vairocana in late Unified Silla was generally known to have been popularized by the support of local Barons with the weakening of the central regime. As a result, especially the Buddha statue of Vairocana was away from Gyeongju centralized Buddhist statue production, and a variety of Buddhist statue styles with local characteristics have emerged. However, the aspect of Buddhist art in the late 9th century is different from what is known. The Buddha statue of Vairocana in the latter half of the 9th century is more related to the royal or capital nobles than the local barons, and Buddha statues of Vairocana including Hwaom-jong(華嚴宗), Popsang-jong(法相宗), Son-jong(禪宗), etc. were created and enshrineed without discrimination of sects. One of the representative works is the Buddha seated statue of Vairocana of Chukseosa temple.


While several studies have cast retrospective looks at IS research in order to define its boundaries, relatively little evidence exists regarding the main topics that IS researchers have empirically studied. In an effort to improve existing knowledge on this subject, the present paper first develops a relatively high-level, but sufficiently fine-grained framework that incorporates all constructs and relationships that have been examined by IS researchers. Then, it identifies all empirical papers published in four top IS journals (Journal of AIS, Journal of MIS, Information Systems Research, and MIS Quarterly) between 2001 and 2015 (a total of 1,361 papers), as well as the constructs and relationships they have studied, and incorporates them, as well as the number of times they were studied, onto the framework. The results provide an overall, yet a relatively fine-grained view of empirical research that has been published in these journals between 2001 and 2015, and can be useful for IS researchers by enabling them to identify potentially interesting and fruitful research areas.


This article reports on an experiment that aimed to investigate the effects of digestate and cosubstrate input with varying biochar concentrations on methane production in anaerobic digestion processes. The findings revealed distinct trends in methane production among the substrates. Further investigations were conducted to evaluate the effects of different types of biochars on biomethane production from raw cattle manure digestate. Four conditions were tested: one raw digestate condition and three digestate conditions containing 1% of a different biochar type to one another. BC1 (PEFC-certified spruce BC) and BC2 (oak wood BC) showed promising results in enhancing biomethane production. About 884.23 NmL of methane was produced, with a yield and productivity of 22.80 NmL.g−1 and 1.62 NmL.g−1.day−1 with BC1. However, BC3 (cow and chicken manure digestate BC) demonstrated lower biomethane production compared to raw digestate. Additionally, the study explored the effects of adding reagents to digestate. Hematite and iron chloride salt did not show any positive effects on biomethane production when biochar was introduced, while activated carbon powder significantly improved biomethane production rates by approximately 11.18%.


The modern classification of melanomas is based not only on their clinical and morphological models, but also on their characteristic genetic mutations, showing the pathways of MM development, which allows the implementation of targeted therapies and improves the outcome of treatment. The pathogenesis of melanoma is increasingly being elucidated by data from a large number of studies based on molecular profiling. For this reason, the latest WHO classification is based not only on clinical and morphological characteristics, the role of ultraviolet radiation, and solar-induced trauma, but also on molecular genetic alterations. The three major oncogenes involved in the pathogenesis of malignant melanoma are BRAF, NRAS, and c-KIT. Significant genetic characteristics are also the changes in CDKN2A, CDK4, CCND1, RB1. There are various activated and inactivated pathways determining the molecular pathogenesis of melanomas, knowledge of which is important for the discovery of new therapeutic approaches. We can call the modern classification approach complex, based on the role of solar-induced trauma, the result of ultraviolet radiation, the clinical and morphological characteristics of melanomas, and the characteristic genomic alterations.


In the paper we introduce the structure and technique character of ARM and its software and hardware develop tools. In terms of application we illustrate how to choose ARM chip.


Fresh or dry naked seed-explants of different maturity were cultured in vitro and their responses were investigated on a medium containing 2mg/l 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) as growth regulator. It was found that the explants at lower maturity had lower rates of callus induction and lower production of callus masses than those with the more matured ones in the original cultures. However, the quality of the callus induced from the younger explants was much better since the ratio of somatic embryogenic to non somatic embryogenic callus produced by younger explants was higher and grew faster in the subsequent proliferation cultures. In comparison with fresh young seed-explants and dry ones at the same maturity, dry ones generally responded better in terms of the rate of callus induction and the quality of callus. The strategy of using immature naked seed-explants for obtaining more embryogenic callus was highly effective especially for those varieties with relatively poor in vitro culture response. Key words: Rice, explant; physiological state; callus; maturity; embryogenic. DOI: 10.4038/jas.v4i1.1640 The Journal of Agricultural Sciences , 2009, vol. 4, no. 1 pp.1-9


Brucker has collected ten recent papers and lectures (three previously unpublished) with a short introductory autobiography. His autobiography of an Illinois farm boy qua acclaimed scholar highlights the main ideas and methods of this collection as much as the author's historical essays. For Brucker, as he reoects on history, fortune rules. He remains a devoted, close reader of Niccolò Machiavelli, while following "only two valid historical 'laws': (1) everything pertaining to our species is in constant oux and (2) accident and contingency play as important a role in history as does human design" (xxv). He unapologetically accepts criticism for his "theoretical poverty" and values his life's work for its fascination and foundation in archival research. He remains critical "of a serious defect in Florentine history: the failure to summarize and integrate recent scholarship" (108), which is the real object of these essays on medieval and Renaissance Italy in general (Chapters 1–5) and Florentine history in particular (Chapters 6–10). Throughout, Brucker's masterful eye for detail, his imaginative weighing of primary sources, his generous praise for the contributions and correctives of fellow scholars, and his incisive powers of synthesis and generalization give this book the unobtrusive authority and quiet dignity of its author, who sees himself, above all, as one among many in an international community of scholars. Brucker begins with a historiographical essay that traces the Renaissance in Italy according to the nineteenth-century "vision" of Burckhardt, by debunking its now, oft-repeated, textbook myths.1 Instead, the complex context of demographic, economic, and social patterns undergird historical continuities punctuated by endemic conoict from war, famine, and plague; powered by the essential material foundation of an extraordinary concentration of capital in the hands of urban elites; and rationalized by the new ruling class' adaptations of the humanist cultural revolution. The thrust of the arst ave peninsula-wide essays, however, is to engage Putnam's thesis about civic traditions and horizontal social bonds, which Brucker ands as wrong-headed as Burckhardt's view.2 Putnam's overly idealized Italian commune distorts the historical tensions between "civic" and "feudal" forces, campanilismo (local particularism) and national civil society, rich and poor, town and country, and Church and state. "The crucial importance of contingency . . . [with] chance and accident [of births, marriages, deaths, inheritances, battles, and events from Frederick II to the Sack of Rome] . . . as important . . . REVIEWS | 287


Abstract Nitrocarburised H13 disks were tested in dry, sliding wear against a stationary ruby ball (pin). Three different 4 h nitrocarburising treatments were compared, using N2/NH3/CO2, N2/NH3/natural gas and N2/NH3 gas mixtures, resulting in compound layers of varying thickness, hardness, porosity and oxide morphology. During mild, oxidative wear, with the formation of abrasive wear debris, the most brittle and oxidised surfaces performed poorly. Polishing to a bright, reflective finish greatly reduced wear. However, the N2/NH3/CO2 sample also frequently maintained a 'very mild' wear regime, owing to the formation of a protective film between the wear surfaces, and resulting in a lowering of the friction coefficient. This treated surface was porous and covered in a complex layer of coarse oxide+ϵ-carbonitride. Nitrocarburised samples and wear tracks were characterised by optical microscopy, SEM, atomic force microscopy and stylus profilometry.


After transformation, Guangdong independent colleges are urgent to build a completely independent and stable teaching staff in a short time. How to examine the difficulties, clear strategies and explore the optimal development path, is substantial significance for promoting teacher development and school development. The research establishes the SWOT-AHP model of teacher development strategies, the weight degree of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats factors are analyzed. The optimal strategies for teacher development is WT, it means eliminating weaknesses and avoiding threats. Finally, suggestions on teacher development strategies are put forward.


The MACSYMA program for symbolic and algebraic manipulation enables exact, symbolic mathematical computations to be performed on a computer. This program is rather large, and various approaches to the hardware and software problems are examined.


The development of economic processes in the contemporary peace requires symmetrical efforts forguaranteeing the stability of markets as a whole and financial markets in particular. The development of financialmarkets is located under the effect of the development of economic systems and vice versa. In this connectionquestions of the adequate evolution of financial supervision become very urgent. In the article problems andquestions of the activity of mega-regulator in Russia in the context of the world experience of active financialpolicy and regulation of financial markets are illuminated. Are examined prospects, problems and marks ofpossible versions. The conceptual vision of nature of the development of the mega-regulation of financialmarkets as immanent institute in the social-economic system, is stated.


1 . Inhibition of mechanical activity in longitudinal muscle strips of rabbit duodenum was induced by perivascular and intramural nerve stimulation. 2 . The effects of perivascular stimulation were abolished by phentolamine + propranolol, guanethidine, reserpine and by tetrodotoxin. The effects of intramural stimulation were abolished only by tetrodotoxin. 3 . Noradrenaline, phenylephrine, isoprenaline, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), adenosine diphosphate (ADP), adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and adenosine each produced an inhibition of mechanical activity. The relative potencies of these agonists were noradrenaline>isoprenaline>phenylephrine>ATP>ADP>adenosine>AMP. 4 . Exposure of tissues to high concentrations of either ATP or adenosine desensitized the tissue to further exposure to ATP, ADP, AMP and adenosine, whilst the inhibitory effects of noradrenaline, phenylephrine and isoprenaline and of perivascular and intramural stimulation were unaffected. The effects of desensitization were reversible. 5 . It was concluded that the effects of intramural stimulation were mediated neither by noradrenaline nor by adenosine or its derivatives.


This work presents the mathematical foundations of the Nested Cellular Automata (nested-CA) model, a model of computation for multiple scale Land Use and Land Cover Change studies. The main properties of neste-CA model are described and compared to the agent-based and cellular automata models of computation. Th nestedCA model has been implemented in a software environment, called TerraME (Terra Modeling Environment), which provides a high level modeling language for model description, a set of spatiotemporal data structures for model representation and simulation, a module for spatiotemporal data management and analysis integrated to a geographic information system, and a set of functions for model calibration and validation. We describe the main design choices involved in the development of the TerraME modeling environment. Its architecture is detailed and the main properties are compared with other modeling tools: Swarm, STELLA, and GEONAMICA. Finally, the concept of nested-CA and the TerraME architecture are demonstrated in two applications of land cover change in the Brazilian Amazon.


Objectives: To reduce the cellular toxicity of the stearyl triphenylphosphonium (STPP)1 cation via hydrophobization with the two-tailed phospholipid phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and to prepare mitochondriotropic liposomes using the resulting TPP-PE conjugate2. Methodology: The TPP cation was conjugated to PE via a carboxyl-to-amine reaction and subsequently used to prepare mitochondriotropic liposomes by the lipid film hydration method. 5 mol% TPP-PE conjugate was added to the final lipid composition. Cellular viability and mitochondrial uptake of the TPP-PE liposomes were evaluated in H9c2 and 4T1 cells at 10-300 mg/mL for 24 hours and compared with stearyl triphenylphosphonium (STPP) liposomes3. Results: Conjugation of the TPP cation to phosphatidylethanolamine (TPP-PE) reduced its toxicity by up to 5 orders of magnitude in comparison to STPP when incorporated into liposomes. In addition, the mitochondriotropic properties of TPP were maintained as indicated by the accumulation of the TPP-PE liposomes in mitochondria. Conclusion: Hydrophobization of the TPP cation with a two-tail phospholipid (TPP-PE) rather than a single-aliphatic chain (STPP) and its incorporation into liposomes significantly reduced its toxicity while preserved the TPP inherent mitochondriotropic properties, thus representing a new strategy to facilitate the development of potential carriers to deliver therapeutic agents to those cells with mitochondrial dysfunctions.


Al-doped 3C-SiC films were deposited on Si(100) and Si(111) substrates via low-pressure chemical vapor deposition(LPCVD). The microstructure and the evolution of strain stress in Si C films were analyzed by X-ray diffraction(XRD) and Raman spectroscopy, respectively. The surface morphology of Si C films was determined by scanning electron microscopy(SEM). The results indicate that the concentration of Al doping has a dominant effect on the crystal quality of Si C film grown on Si(100) substrate. The Al-doped 3C-SiC film can be obtained on Si(100) substrate when an appropriate amount of trimethylaluminum(TMA) is added. The growth of Al-doped Si C film follows a step-flow growth mode. The surface of SiC films grown on Si(100) substrate presents a square-shaped structure, and that of Si C films grown on Si(111) substrate exhibits a triangular-shaped structure. The thickness of films grown on Si(100) substrate is thicker. For the film deposited on Si(100) substrate, the strain stress of SiC films releases due to the incorporation of Al ion and the increase of film thickness. For the films deposited on Si(111) substrate, the strain stress varies from tensile to compressive, and the split between longitudinal optical(LO) phonon peak and transverse optical(TO) phonon peak increases due to the enhancement of SiC film ionicity and the transformation of growth mode.


This study aims to: (1) determine whether there is a difference in the mathematical solving abilities of students of class XI MIA SMA Negeri 4 Ambon who are taught using the think pair share (TPS) type of cooperative learning model assisted by geogebra software, the problem based learning model (PBL) with software assistance. geogebra, and discovery learning (DL) learning model assisted by geogebra software, (2) knowing whether there are differences in the mathematical problem solving abilities of class XI MIA students of SMA Negeri 4 Ambon who have high selfconfidence, moderate self-confidence, and low self confidence, and ( 3) knowing whether there is an effect of interaction between cooperative learning model type TPS assisted by geogebra software, PBL learning model assisted by geogebra software, and DL learning model assisted by geogebra software with students' self confidence in mathematical problem solving ability.This research is a quasi-experimental research with a 3 x 3 factorial design. The population in this study were all students of class XI MIA which consisted of 7 classes, while the sample consisted of 3 classes with 103 students. Data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance (Two Way Anova).


For the linear string baryon model with three material points (three quarks) joined sequentially by the relativistic strings, the class of motions admitting linearizable boundary conditions is investigated. These motions may be represented as the Fourier series with eigenfunctions of some boundary-value problem. The two types of rotational motions are found among the mentioned class of solutions.


This paper proposes that to a certain degree, in criminality, multiple factors interact in the propensity of such behaviour, including the exclusion of certain groups from the internal workings of society due to their isolation and restriction in interpersonal relations which makes them indifferent to others, while at the same time undermines the family as an institution in present day society. In the same way, society itself excludes its most needy members, that is the poor are excluded from collective well-being, La sociedad excluyente y las penas exclusivas (Un acercamiento a la realidad sociológico-individual del delito) 77 Recibido: 16-05-2003 • Aceptado: 28-11-2003 education, housing and health. The second part of this paper refers to penal exclusion, in that it makes mention of how penal measures are applied almost exclusively to the socially excluded, which is privation of liberty, even when this is very severe and has pernicious effects.


On June 26, 2021, a meeting of the experts of the Russian League Against Epilepsy (RLAE) was held, dedicated to the effectiveness, safety and assessing the results of drug therapy in patients with epilepsy. Having considered the history of the issue and guided by domestic and foreign experience, the participants discussed the problems associated with the use of various antiepileptic drugs for different forms of epilepsy in patients of different sex and age. Special attention was paid to psychiatric comorbidity in patients with epilepsy, increasing their compliance with treatment and quality of life. The article presents the Resolution of RLAE experts meeting adopted as a result of the discussion.


Received: 12 August 2010, Accepted: 14 September 2010 Corresponding author: Chang Won Lee Department of Internal Medicine, Busan St. Mary's Medical Center, 538-41 Yongho-dong, Nam-gu, Busan 608-838, Korea Tel: +82-51-933-7235, Fax: +82-51-932-8600, E-mail: email@example.com Relationships between Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy and the Brachial-ankle Pulse Wave Velocity in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes


Abstract A combination system of micro-pore ceramic filtration and UV radiation was built up for ballast water treatment. Two treatment methods, single micro-pore ceramic filtration and micro-pore filtration and UV radiation, were studied in the research, respectively. Chlorella removal rates and total oceanic bacteria inactivation rates were measured at different flow rates (0.6 ~ 4.7 m3·h-1) and different initial Chlorella concentrations (0.4 × 104 ~1.4 × 104 cells·mL-1). In this study, Chlorella removal rate was up to 92% by the single filtration while the rate by the combination one could reach 97%. Moreover, the combination one is superior to the single one at almost all the conditions. For total oceanic bacteria, single filtration displayed no obvious inactivation ability while the combination one showed up to 99% inactivation rate.