The present invention provides a kind of polymer composition based on polyethylene suitable for shrink film, and the polymer composition based on polyethylene includes the density with 0.917g/cc to 0.935g/cc and 0.1g/10min to 5g/10min melt index I 2 Low density polyethylene (LDPE), the density with 0.900g/cc to 0.965g/cc and 0.05g/10min to 15g/10min melt index I 2 LLDPE or its combination;The material of radiation is absorbed in near-infrared, visible ray and ultraviolet spectrogram wave-length coverage;And optionally, medium density polyethylene, high density polyethylene (HDPE) or its combination.


The most interesting structures in materials science are non-periodic areas where the crystalline structure is disturbed such as interfaces, defects or dislocations. These non-periodic structures can be hidden by artefacts, caused by aberrations, and therefore they can be easier analysed if an aberration free imaging system can be used. Therefore, in order to improve the point resolution and to obtain easier access to the hidden information, a spherical aberration corrected 200 kV TEM, following a proposal by Rose, was set up. Phase contrast in a transmission electron microscope (TEM) is obtained, as it was shown by Scherzer, due to the phase shifting power of the wave aberrations as there are: the defocus and the spherical aberration. The defocus can be optimised in terms of the well transferred bandwidth of spatial frequencies (Scherzer defocus) Δfsch = (Cs*λ.)1/2. The upper limit of the spatial frequency without a contrast reversal when choosing a Scherzer defocus is called the point resolution d ≈ 0.71 (Cs λ3)1/4.


The invention discloses a ceramic-reinforced tyre casting gypsum powder and a preparation process of the gypsum powder. The gypsum powder is prepared from the following raw materials (by weight parts): 100 parts of alpha-gypsum powder, 15-25 parts of kaolin as a ceramic material, 0.5-1.5 parts of sulfonated melamine formaldehyde resin and 1-3 parts of peach gum. The invention further comprises the preparation process of the ceramic-reinforced tyre casting gypsum powder. The ceramic-reinforced tyre casting gypsum powder of the invention not only has long effective stirring time and flowing time, but also has proper initial setting time and final setting time. A casting gypsum mold prepared by use of the invention has high strength, wide application scope, and long service life. The preparation process has the following advantages: the preparation cost is low, and the preparation process is simple, easy to operate and suitable for industrial production.


In these days it is a general tendency that the application of the
underground space is on the increase.
This paper aims to improve the indoor environment of the
underground coffee shop. So we can conclude as follows through the
analysis and measurement of the elements about environmental
pollution.
In the underground coffee shop it is showed up that the density of
the CO2 and dust is not suitable as an index of ventilation which
indoor men can be sensible to air fresh feeling. Because indoor men
cannot feel the variation of density of the CO2 and dust that have
an effect on air fresh feeling which indoor men can be sensible.


Holographic QCD provides a unique framework in which to compute QCD observables. In this talk we summarize recent numerical work on computing the pion electromagnetic form factor using an AdS/QCD action that includes both spontaneous and explicit chiral symmetry breaking. We consider both hardand soft-wall model results and develop an intermediate background that supports the best features of both. We also begin to see possible evidence in the fit for the presence of 1/Nc corrections.


The invention discloses an omni-directional virtual photography device. A first infrared lamp is located between an infrared camera and an infrared sensor. A central processing unit is connected to the infrared camera and the infrared sensor through cables. A background storage device is used for storing updated background image information. A human body tracking module adjusts the angle of a camera mechanism according to the human body motion trend information from the central processing unit. An image extracting module extracts the human body motion information and background image information distribution in the scene from the infrared camera and the human body image information. An image synthesizer synthesizes the human body motion information from the image processor and the updated background image information from the background storage device into a virtual picture. The infrared camera comprises a full-reflection prism, a first lens assembly, a second lens assembly, a third lens assembly and a fourth lens assembly. The omni-directional virtual photography device improves capturing accuracy, realizes mixing and display of the human body and various updated background image information, enriches the display effects, has a good aberration correction function and an advantageous MTF, and shortens the full length of a lens of a photography optical lens set or photography device.


A 40-year-old man with massive right sided pleural effusion was referred for echocardiography to assess ventricular function. His transthoracic echocardiogram revealed a large right pleural effusion. It was causing inversion of the right atrium (figure 1 and video 1) in systole and diastole (figure 2), for most of the cardiac cycle. Prolonged right atrial collapse that exceeds one-third of the cardiac cycle is considered 100% specific and 94% sensitive for clinical cardiac tamponade.1 Notably, there was no pericardial effusion in our patient on echocardiography, which was later also …


Due to the restriction of application condition, the calculation formula in Regulation Method does not accurately reflect the induced overvoltage on the transmission lines when lightning strike on the top of tower. Based on the field cancellation method theory, in this paper, the unit step wave response when lightning strikes on the top of tower is calculated firstly; and through the Duhamel integral, the induced voltage on the wire under arbitrary lightning current waveform is then solved.According to the main discharge speed, function relationship of upward leader with lightning current amplitude currently, MATLAB is used to compile the calculation program of transmission line induced voltage when lightning strikes on the top of tower. The values of the induced voltages and their waveform as function of time, the induced voltage amplitude, time-variant characteristics and its influence factor and rule has been summarized.


Ithe great importance of the Prince of Wales's undertaking becomes self-evident. On every liand we find meetings held to advocate l]o08pital reform; Commissions under Government to investigate andl advise as to tile best way of bringing t}le managers under control anld reducing the linancial abuses over whicli they preside; and reports by the Charity Organisation Society and ot}ler similar criticising organisations excposing the evils wliich prevail. It is clear, then, that if witli tileir duties of distributing the Fund, the commnittee combine tllose of criticising and enforcing reforms upon tlle hospital managers, some progress will in time be made towards solving the difficult question of liospital abuse. In this connection, it may be said that the work undertaken by the HIospital Sunday Fund has been good, but it was not complete. Rtegardincg this bsody as the most influential organisation of the kind up to the present in exristence, it would have been quite easy for t}lem to have undertaken to bring pressure to bear upon the liospital managers witli a view to the introduction of reforms for dealing with the abuse which prevails. But the Distribution Committee of the Fund refused emphatically to consider the resolution of Dr. Glover to raise the qucestion. If tlle Hospital Sunday Fund, by virtue of its powerful position as tlle administrator of so much financial ielief to tlle London liospitals, had extended its workand discharged the duty of calling upon the managers of hospitals to protect their institutions from being abused, by tlle introduction of certain reforms, there can be no question that mucli of tlle abuse now prevalent would liave been suppressed. But the abuse of the hospitals i8 by no means confined to the out-patient departments. The fact that this is so has not as yet been sufficiently appreciated or pointed out. MIention may be made here of two instances of this abuse, both of which occurred recently to a prominent practitioner in the West End. A lady, who had always been accustomed to pay a guinea a visit, consulted him with respect to an illness from which she was suffering, and she was told that it would be absolutely necessary for her to undergo an operation forthwith. A fee of IS guineas was agreed upon, to iiielude the operation by a surgeon and the after-attendance, and further arrangements were made for the treatment to be carried out in her own house in the West End. The medical man, however, heard nothing further for some time. At length his, patient called upon him, and then informed him that she had been persuaded by her friends to go to the Ilospital. She presented herself as an out-patient in the ordinary way, was in due course admitted into the hospital; the operation was performed, and the whole transaction cost her nothing. The object of her second visit to her medical man was that of seeking his opinion as to whether or not the operation had been properly performed. The second case soon after this was a more serious one. The patient readily agreed to pay 2guineas for the o eration and after-attendance. The result howevrer, was the same as in the former instance. The patient applied at a hospital; no questions were asked; she was admitted to the wards, the operation performed, and everything necessary was done for nothing at the expense of the charitable public. It is, however, needless here to amplify furtlier these cases. They belong to the category of the undoubted defects in the system under which hospital charities are adminm


In 2014, the failure of at least three tailings facilities was reported on the internet: Mt Polley in British Columbia, the Duke Energy Eden facility in North Carolina, and the Minas Geras failure in Brazil. This paper collates publicly available information about the 2014 tailings failures and examines the subsequent social and regulatory responses in the three different jurisdictions in which the failures occurred. The paper proceeds to update tailings failure statistics in the light of these and 2012 and 2013 tailings failures. The authors have no personal knowledge of any of these failed facilities, but draw instead on public reports and professional experience in discussing the perpetually fascinating and perplexing issue of continued failure of mine tailings facilities


Nanosized LaCr0.5Mn0.5O3 perovskite was synthesised with relatively high surface area (15.5 m2/g) at low temperature (650 °C) by the combustion method using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and corresponding metal nitrates. The perovskite was characterised by X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis, field emission scanning electron microscopy and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller technique. The optimal preparative conditions were PVA/metals 3:1 by mole, pH = 3–4 and 80 °C for gel formation. Perovskite exhibits a good catalytic activity in total oxidation of m-xylene at the low temperature of reaction (250 °C).


Background: Three previous reports have shown the incidence of breast cancer in Papua New Guinea (PNG) to have risen in the 30 years between 1958 and 1987. In the present report the incidence and pathology of breast cancer in the decade 1989–1998 are described.


Proximate analysis of feed stuffs (Weende system) has been widely used in many countries. But, in this system, it has long been recognized that fraction of carbohydrates and lignin is imcomplete with respect t othe chemical characterization and nutritive availability. Numerous chemical and nutritional studies have been attempted1,10,12> to develop a new system in place of the proximate analysis. Recently, the study of detergent fiber0,10> has developed rapidly and its achivements have become a centre of attraction. However, more biological methods using various enzymes have been investigated by Abe et al.2•3•4> A new enzymatic system developed by the author will be presented in this paper. Method of enzymatic analysis


The retail environment is characterized by numerous competing stimuli vying for the consumer's attention. Products packages feature both verbal and nonverbal elements. Nonverbal stimuli, like package colors, seem to be particularly relevant for perception. Knowing whether there is preferential positioning of colored items on the shelves is fundamental for retailers. In addition, some colors may be better perceived than others. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the color perception of packages in a supermarket is affected by their in-aisle position and by their color type. In a lab setting, 120 right-handed subjects were asked to look at 3 series of images on a screen. Images showed a virtual supermarket aisle. The aisle had two identical opposite gondolas, each containing the same number of items of same size and shape. In each image, apart from one single colored item, all other items were gray. In each series, the colored item was always of the same primary color (blue, red or green) and it was displayed an equal number of times on the right and on the left. For each image, subjects were asked to locate the colored item as quickly as possible. Accuracy and response time of answers were recorded. Colored items were perceived more accurately and rapidly when they were displayed on the left gondola to the observer. This phenomenon was specifically color-dependent, as red and blue items were better perceived than green ones. Our results support the hypothesis of an asymmetric perception of colored items in the aisle. Retailers should consider that the consumer's perception of colored package is more accurate and fast when the items are positioned on the left gondola. They should also consider that some colors may be more effective than others in catching customers' attention.


As a result of no ways to choose for the classic and pure art aesthetics research, aesthetics will be confronted with a transition of normal form. In order to let aesthetics penetrate deeply in history and culture and master it from more original and more kernels aspects, negativism aesthetics of Mr. Wu Xuan has a deep inspiring significance.


In order to better understand the behavior of the total wrist implant systems, finite element analysis (FEA) was used to model the articular surfaces of two unconstrained total wrist arthroplasty (TWA) devices. After creating models based on manufacturer specifications, simulations of flexion, extension, radial deviation, ulnar deviation and circumduction were run with simulated moments from surrounding tendons under displacement control. In addition, simulations were run under positioning that represented a pronated and supinated forearm as well as unstable conditions. Understanding implant behavior and capabilities as related to the shape of the articular surfaces is important for proper prescription of implants as well as determining future directions for the design of arthroplasty devices.


Advances in cancer treatment over the last few decades have resulted in marked improvements in patient survival. Unfortunately, many of these new cancer therapies are also associated with toxic side effects on the heart. Consequently, the use of newer potentially cardiotoxic cancer drugs, combined with an improvement in patient survival from the cancer, has resulted in a sharp rise in the incidence of heart failure in cancer patients. In fact, in many cancer patients the risk of developing heart disease may be higher than the risk of cancer recurrence [1]. Indeed, the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines define patients receiving chemotherapy as Stage A heart failure patients, since they have an increased risk of developing heart failure [2]. The cardiotoxicity associated with cancer chemotherapy can range from mild and temporary alterations in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) to severe and irreversible life-threatening heart failure. Because of the importance of cardiotoxicity associated with cancer therapy, this edition of Heart & Metabolism addresses the important issue of cancer and the heart. Many of the pharmacological approaches to treat cancer involve a mechanism of action that is actually toxic to the cardiomyocyte. This includes approaches to promote free radical production, promote apoptosis, prevent angiogenesis, inhibit metabolism, and promote ischemia. It is not surprising, therefore, that a number of these cancer cytotoxic agents have the potential for cardiotoxicity. This includes the use of agents such as the anthracylines, alkylating agents, microtubule targeting agents, monoclonal antibodies, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and cytokines to treat cancer. The potential for cardiotoxicity during cancer treatment is not confined to acute use of cancer chemotherapy, but can also manifest in the chronic setting. Chiara Lestuzzi nicely highlights this in the Case Report in this issue of Heart & Metabolism, which describes a case of late left ventricular dysfunction in a long-term survivor of cancer. This case highlights the need to closely monitor survivors of cancer and aggressively treat any risk factors for the development of heart disease. This type of patient should benefit from the many recent advances made in treating heart disease. One of these involves advances made in anti-coagulant therapy. The Hot Topics article by Alda Huqi describes how newer-generation compounds, which includes dabigatran, may replace the use of warfarin as standard anti-coagulant therapy. Ed ito ria l EDITORIAL GARY D. LOPASCHUK


The groundwater samples of Ile-Ife obtained from ten different locations were analysed for their total and exchangeable heavy metals in order to determine their potability status. Water samples collected for two months were analyzed for pH, conductivity, temperature, total and exchangeable heavy metal values using standard methods. The ion exchange chromatographic extraction of the exchangeable metals was carried out with anionic trimethylhyroxyammonium resin. Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer analysis for total and exchangeable Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd and Mn was performed. The mean pH, conductivity and temperature values, measured insitu , were 6.0 ± 0.5, 340 ± 244 µS/cm and 27.5 ± 0.3 o C respectively. Total mean levels (µg/mL) of Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd and Mn were 8.275 ± 0.912, 0.179 ± 0.041, 31.858 ± 3.635, 0.090 ± 0.010 and 76.789 ± 12.889 respectively while 1.484 ± 0.228, 0.040 ± 0.008, 5.911 ± 1.002, 0.017 ± 0.003 and 20.151 ± 5.845 (µg/mL) were detected as the respective mean values (µg/mL) of the exchangeable metal fraction in the samples. Comparing the levels of heavy metals in the samples to the WHO provision for drinking water, the groundwater was capable of constituting serious health hazards.


Coal's continued role as the premier fuel for electricity generation need not conflict with the need to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. This article begins by outlining the percentage of the world's electricity generated by coal with likely projections into the future. It then goes on to examine the conversion efficiency of coal-fired power stations, the reduction in harmful emissions, and the use of new supercritical boilers. It concludes by discussing the problem of CO/sub 2/ emission and its role in the greenhouse effect and how this could be mitigated by wholesale carbon capture and sequestration.


This article discusses how to transform database files to excel files. The article discusses four questions: CreateOleOhject function、Ole automatization. Variant type and Excel object. The sample program of this article has been tested in Delphi5. 0 for Windows98 and Win- dowsNT.


This article presents a novel strategy for congestion management in a distribution system, which occurs due to the uncoordinated charging of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs). The large proliferation of PEVs has been significantly creating impact on the transportation and power sector in recent times. However, uncoordinated charging of PEVs leads to congestion in distribution feeders when the penetration of PEVs is reasonably high. A charging coordination strategy of grid-to-vehicle (G2V) and vehicle-to-grid (V2G) is formulated considering the large PEVs penetration in the distribution system. In this article, the popular ensemble method, i.e., gradient boosting regression tree method is employed to predict the state-of-charge for PEVs batteries. The charging coordination of G2V-V2G mode is developed in order to study the maximum PEVs penetration in the distribution system with an objective function of minimizing overall cost. The strategy is implemented in workplace car park powered by grid and grid-connected photovoltaic generation located in industrial areas of the IEEE 38 bus radial distribution system. An analytical study is presented to evaluate the maximum possible PEV penetration that the distribution network can accommodate without violating the grid constraints. Moreover, the performance of proposed strategy with or without the presence of solar powered car park is analyzed to assess the maximum possible PEVs penetration in the network so that no congestion occurs in the distribution lines.


In viewing the history of the American economy over the past century, three signal movements dominate. First, the Great Depression, with resultant efforts to promote recovery and the "New Deal," is generally seen as most influential since it has formed our perceptions of economic development and determined how we measure economic performance. Secondly, from a strictly economic viewpoint, the abandonment of the gold standard—that is, the "floating" of the American currency in the foreign exchange markets between 1933 and 1971—and the attendant "globalization" of American and world trade are equally important. The third economic movement was the American industrial mobilization to assure success in World War II. This World War II industrial mobilization occurred over a relatively brief period—three to four years—and required complete reordering of the American economic "factors of production." It achieved an almost tripling of total output. Yet in the literature of the Second World War and economic history, this industrial mobilization has received relatively little attention. The formulation of economic policy and the pursuit of the industrial mobilization were fraught with bitter political acrimony and contention. It has been suggested that the current discourse in economic theory between the Keynesians on the left and the "monetarists" on the right was crystalized by their respective interpretations of the industrial mobilization.1 The efforts of President Franklin Roosevelt to formulate and pursue U.S. foreign and defense policies before and into the Second World War were constrained by the initial inability of his administration to obtain the industrial mobilization and military rearmament it required. The Grand Alliance among Great Britain,


As an important design element,color impacts Web page design widely and extensively,though it was not commonly recognized as a crucial visual element like lines and words in Web page design.This paper analyzed the color's important guiding role from various aspects,and revealed the color usage pattern in Web page design which affects information transmission efficiency enormously.


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a novel method capable of producing a sulfur-containing amino acid without using hydrogen cyanide, sodium azide or the like requiring caution in handling the same as a raw material.SOLUTION: The method for producing the sulfur-containing amino acid includes a process for oxidizing a 2-aminoethanol compound having a sulfur-containing hydrocarbon group (the number of carbon atoms in the sulfur-containing hydrocarbon group is 1-24) at position 2 in the presence of oxygen and at least one kind of transition metals selected from the group consisting of the elements belonging to groups 8, 9 and 10 of the periodic table.


Co‐infection with different influenza viruses occurs naturally and plays an important role in epidemiology and pathogenicity. To monitor the prevalence of influenza viruses in humans during seasonal influenza epidemics in Shanghai, China, and to analyze the genetic characteristics of the viruses, 365 nasopharyngeal swabs collected from patients with influenza‐like illness between January and April 2008, were tested by a colloidal gold assay, viral isolation in Madin‐Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells, direct immunofluorescence assay and multiplex RT‐PCR. The genetic characteristics of the viruses were analyzed by full‐length PCR amplification of the HA segment. One case of co‐infection with influenza A/H1N1 and A/H3N2 viruses was detected among the 7 cases of A/H1N1, 84 cases of A/H3N2 and 48 cases of influenza B virus during the winter/spring of 2008. All influenza A/H1N1 and A/H3N2 isolates were similar, including the co‐infecting isolates. The present study demonstrates the possibility of natural co‐infection with different types of influenza viruses in humans, which could provide the opportunity for the occurrence of viral genetic reassortment within the human respiratory tract. J. Med. Virol. 82:1299–1305, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Alberta high schools (Grades 10 to 12) give several courses in Mathematics, of which three are compulsory for those students intending to enter University. These three are Mathematics 10 (elements of Euclidean geometry, algebra up to simple equations, arithmetic), Mathematics 20 (geometry of the circle, loci, algebra up to quadratic equations) and Mathematics .30 (algebra, including systems of equations, progressions, permutations and combinations and the binomial theorem).


The invention relates to a cigarette holder for detecting harmful gas by taking a solar cell as a power supply, belonging to the technical field of sensor application. A film solar cell and a display screen are arranged on the outer wall of the cigarette holder; a gas sensor is arranged on the pipe wall of a cigarette holder air current channel; and a controller, an energy storage cell and an electrooptical transducer are arranged in the pipe wall of the cigarette holder. When the cigarette is put under the sun, the film solar cell generates current, the control is transmitted to the controller through a lead for adjusting, and current output by the controller is supplied to the gas sensor, the electrooptical transducer and the display screen through the lead and is used for charging the energy storage cell. When cigarette smoke flows through the air current channel, the gas sensor arranged on the pipe wall of the air current channel is used for converting the name and content of the detected harmful gas into an electric signal for transmitting to the controller through the lead, the controller is used for processing the electric signal, and the name and content of the harmful gas are displayed on the display screen.


A light-transmitting medium, dye-sublimation printing method is for providing a light-transmitting medium over the ribbon; Moving a light transmissive medium; And by optical heating at least a first dye-panel of the ribbon during the movement cycle of the transparent medium, and a step of transferring a first dye of a first dye-panel of a light transmissive medium.


This study was consists on narrative or story telling approach in the career management practices, in this way role of proactivity has considered a vigorous strength in relation to foster employee career tracks. Proactivity refers self-commenced, and preemptive act intended to change either state of affairs or one self. The purpose of this paper is to explore employee proactive behaviors toward their career management practices, in this regards researcher elaborated a proactivity model through with its four core mainstays (self-awareness, resourcefulness, moral sense, and independent motive). The methodology was qualitative and mindful as it was spotlighted on HR professional's discernments of their career experiences. Data was collected through face to face and group interviews by addressing 15 sample size of elements including (HR directors/senior managers and line managers) across 6 firms both nationals and multinationals. The research findings of the study enlightened the notion of proactivity, where there is more antagonism and enriched burden in nurturing career related activities. It embraces four main displays in commensurate, employee self-emotional intelligences towards executing actions, threw lights on being resourcefulness to compete the unmanageable situations, moral attitudes in assist out to employee signalize to be fairness, empathy, ethnicity at the work place.


ABSTRACT

.Many growing municipalities near irrigated agriculture are advocating a transfer of water now utilized for irrigation to municipal use. Alternatives are presented whereby this water can be transferred to municipal use in exchange for treated sewage effluent. The irrigation water would in effect be cycled through the municipal system prior to use on the farms.

A case study of the Tucson region illustrates the relevant legal, economic and technical aspects. Effluent could be delivered to irrigators in Avra Valley at a cost less than that now paid for water pumped from declining water tables. In return the City of Tucson could import ground water now being used for irrigation through an existing pipeline which presently cannot be used because of a court injunction obtained by the irrigators. It appears that such an exchange agreement could be made without modification of existing statutory law.

Similar exchange arrangements may prove to be feasible in other regions containing irrigated agriculture. Increased efficiency of water use can be achieved avoiding external effects which commonly arise in a direct transfer and are difficult to evaluate. High quality water is allocated to municipal use whereas nutrient-rich sewage effluent is transferred to irrigation.


The authors' findings indicate that homebuilder financing affiliates do make loans to observably riskier borrowers, but the loans made by homebuilders have lower delinquency rates than those made by unaffiliated lenders, even when loan and borrower characteristics are held constant.


The article highlights the actual issues of customs control of ozone-depleting substances at the checkpoints across the customs border of the EAPS subordinate to the Russian Federation.


To find out the feasibility of ammonia removal effect by nano-zeolite and diatomite,this paper studies the removal effect of ammonia by nano-zeolite and by diatomite respectively,and studies it by nano-zeolite and diatomite together.Experimental results showed that fast adsorption velocity is one of the characteristics of nano-zeolite,the adsorption amount of ammonia has reached 90% of nano-zeolite adsorption capacity within 5 minutes,but some questions occurred,such as the solution is alkaline and the turbidity is enhanced greatly after reaction,furthermore,the pH value or the turbidity and the amount of namo-zeolite follows certain functions;diatomite has nothing effect on ammonia,the solution concentration of ammonia is almost the same after the reaction to the initial,but the solution is acidic,and the sedimentation velocity is relatively faster;the pH value of solution has been improved and the removal rate of ammonia is evidently higher by nano-zeolite and diatomite together than the nano-zeolite individually.


After the Communist revolution, China had a relatively low crime rate. However, since the economic reform of the late 1970s, the crime rate has increased considerably. Why has crime increased when most people are doing better economically and have access to many more opportunities to improve their lives? Part of the reason may be found in the strong official emphasis on the radical new goal of making money, along with the unequal distribution and inadequate legal regulation of the means to economic success. Another factor is the loosening of formal and informal controls as a result of the changes in social structure that accompany economic reform. Control theory, developed to explain crime inWestern societies, is applied in new ways in this article to fit the unique control structures that existed in prereform China.


A fast algorithm is developed to evaluate the discrete cosine transform (DCT) when the number of data sample is a Fermat prime. It is based on the ideas of decomposing the length DCT into two circular correlations which can be implemented by a use of the number theoretic transform (NTT). This fact leads to result a reduction of computing the DCT complexity when compared with more conventional methods. in addition, this fast DCT provides a regular and simple structure based on circular correlations. Therefore, it can also be implemented by the use of a modification of Kung's pipelines structure.


The zero-wait (ZW) policy is widely held to achieve maximum information "freshness," i.e., to achieve minimum peak age (PA) and maximum throughput, for real-time Internet-of-Things applications. In this letter, it was shown through a series of experiments that the ZW policy is not necessarily the optimum policy for freshness or throughput in all real-world scenarios. First, the effect of delay on the ZW policy was shown on a local area network (LAN). Afterward, the server was located on the Internet, and it was shown that the ZW policy incurred a two-fold PA and throughput performance degradation compared with continuously sending status updates.


We propose and study a threshold utility model (TUM) where consumers buy any product whose net utility exceeds a non-negative, product-specific threshold. The thresholds are selected to maximize the expected surplus of the representative consumer subject to a bound on the expected number of selected products. We show that at optimality the thresholds are product-invariant and that the generalized extreme value (GEV) model is a special case of the TUM. The TUM is shown to yield higher consumer surplus than observing all the products' utilities and selecting the best when the bound is an integer. The model can also be applied with proxy utilities as in on-line shopping, and portfolio management. Comparative statics are applied to the threshold, the purchase probabilities and the expected surplus. Extensions to multi-unit TUM, weighted TUM, multiplicative TUM, discontinuous utility and bound-induced copulas are also considered. We also provide solutions to pricing and assortment optimization problems under the TUM.


Corresponding author: Jamal Hasoon MD, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, 1 Brookline Place Suite 105, Brookline, MA 02445, e-mail: email@example.com dear editor, Failed back surgery syndrome (FBss) is a condition that is commonly encountered by chronic pain physicians. the condition is defined by the International Association for the study of Pain as "lumbar spinal pain of unknown origin either persisting despite surgical intervention or appearing after surgical intervention for spinal pain originally in the same topographical location" [1]. this condition is challenging as the cause and diagnosis can be multifactorial. FBss may arise from surgery that exacerbated the initial pain condition, the surgery may have been ineffective in alleviating the pain condition, or the pain may even be a new condition that occurred after the surgery [2]. treatment options for patients suffering from FBss include conservative measures as well as interventional management. Conservative therapies include physical therapy, cognitive behavioural therapy, pain psychology, and medication management. Conservative therapy is a safe initial option and should generally be recom mended first. A physical therapy referral or continuation of ongoing treatment should be encouraged in most patients. In regards to medication management, common treatments include acetaminophen, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NsAIds), anticonvulsants, antidepressants, and opioids [3, 4]. If conservative therapy fails, interventional treatment may be considered depending on the aetiology of the patient's pain condition. epidural steroid injections and medial branch blocks are commonly tried depending on the pain characteristics. Neuromodulation, such as spinal cord stimulation (sCs), is another rapidly expanding therapy for the treatment of FBss. sCs therapy has the advantage of a percutaneous trial phase before pursuing a more extensive operation or permanent implant. there is convincing evidence demonstrating the usefulness of sCs for FBss as well as a variety of other pain conditions [5–8]. Additionally, there is evidence that sCs therapy may be more beneficial than reoperation in some patients [9]. Finally, there are patients who may require reoperation for some circumstances. surgical referral should be considered for patients suffering from symptoms of motor weakness, bowel/ bladder issues, or other neurological deficits. Additionally, surgery should be considered for patients with clear evidence of structural issues identified on imaging that may be amenable to surgical intervention [1, 2]. FBss can be a difficult condition for physicians to evaluate and treat given the complexity of the pain complaints. Physician anaesthesiologists with an interest in pain management should be well trained and educated in both the recognition and treatment options for this challenging condition.


This paper briefly analyzes the importance of the image information in the product experiment information and the processing method of the image information in Forms. Aiming at the instance of database external storage, a sort of automated management function has been implemented which accords with the text information, fits multiple column image information's input, query, modification and deletion and so on.


The carbonyl-P-lactam absorption band of penicillins and cephalosporins a t 1760 cm.-l is detectable when the antibiotics are mixed with enzymes or bacterial protein. This band can therefore be used for differentiating the two inactivating enzymes p-lactamase and amidase. Examined thus, methicillin, cloxacillin, amino-cephalosporanic acid (7-ACA) and thienylacetamido7-ACA were stable to staphylococcal p-lactamase but less stable to coliform ,8-lactamase. Only quinacillin among a range of therapeutic derivatives tested resisted both types of p-lactamase. The other inactivating enzyme, amidase, can exist independently of p-lactamase in coliform organisms. When methicillin and cloxacillin were treated with amidase, they lost their stability to /?-lac tamase.


High oil reserves characterize most fields in Western Siberia. However, along with this, zones of the productive formation that are poorly involved in development and production wells, in which products with a high proportion of water are produced, are distinguished within limits. For understanding the causes of this problem, it is important to consider the material composition of the reservoirs. In particular, it is necessary to consider the clay content, which is associated with the reservoir properties of rocks, hydrophilicity, hydrophobicity and, accordingly, with wettability. The article examined and analyzed a representative sample of core study of two wells in the Gubkinsky oil and gas region, which suggested the possible reasons for the lack of oil reserves.


In the development at this time, the use of the SMS (Short Message Service) only was not used to communicate between the user but often has been used to access and get information like information kesiswaan in the school, and information concerning the achievement to several certain agencies.


We demonstrate that the Peccei-Quinn-electromagnetic anomaly coefficient 𝒜 can be directly measured from axion string-induced cosmic birefringence by applying scattering transform to the anisotropic polarization rotation of the cosmic microwave background. This breaks the degeneracy between 𝒜 and the effective number of string loops in traditional inference analyses that are solely based on the spatial power spectrum of polarization rotation. Carrying out likelihood-based parameter inference on mock rotation realizations generated according to phenomenological string network models, we show that scattering transform is able to extract enough non-Gaussian information to clearly distinguish a number of discrete 𝒜 values, for instance 𝒜=1/9, 1/3, 2/3, in the ideal case of noise-free rotation reconstruction, and, to a lesser but interesting degree at reconstruction noise levels comparable to that expected for the proposed CMB-HD concept. In the event of a statistical detection of cosmic birefringence by Stage III or IV CMB experiments, our technique can be applied to test the stringy nature of the birefringence pattern and extract fundamental information about the smallest unit of charge in theories beyond the Standard Model.


According to the structural features of a modern tilting level,a method to set it on a slope and its work principle is expounded and workable operation guides and verificaiton means given.In setting out a level on a slope of large area,many works,such as,calculating each stake's elevation base on the designed slope and elevations,and reading values of each fore_staff can be omitted.


Resinous infiltrants (IRs) can act as an adjunct in the treatment of caries retained in enamel. The aim of the present study is to review the literature on IRs as a treatment for caries lesions retained in enamel. For this purpose, a bibliographic search was carried out using the Pubmed and Science Direct databases, using the descriptors: "Icon Infiltrant", "Composite Resin", "Dental Enamel" and "Dental Caries" for the Pubmed database and "Icon Infiltrant" , "Composite Resin", "Dental Enamel", "Dental Caries" and "Tooth Remineralization" for the Science Direct base, registered in MeSh and combined with each other by the Boolean operator "AND". A total of 12 studies were found, which after establishing the inclusion criteria: studies published in the last 05 years, clinical trials and In Vitro studies, and as exclusion criteria: descriptive literature reviews, book chapters, studies not available in full , reaching a total of 08 studies included. IRs act on lesions by means of capillarity in the small pores existing at that site. Several studies compare its use with other materials or even make modifications to them in order to elucidate its applicability. It can be noted that the use of IRs is very effective for the treatment of enamel caries. Brazilian Journal of Development Braz. J. of Develop., Curitiba, v. 6, n. 5, p.32174-32183, may. 2020. ISSN 2525-8761 32176


point Jennings makes a number of times. Some of the artists, authors, and photographers on board these crossings left particularly evocative evidence of ship life, some of which (especially the photographs) have been reproduced in the book. It should be noted that the book's focus is not exclusively the maritime element, so maritime historians might find themselves wishing for a more concrete engagement with the field. Just as the opening of this escape line was prompted by a rather unexpected source, so too was its closing. International pressures, mostly from Washington and London, caused the Martinique line to unravel in the early summer of 1941. Concerns about ships helping German submarines to refuel, deep paranoia about refugees as fifth columnists, the rumour that the US was reconsidering previously issued visas, the suspension of transit visas through Martinique, and finally, false intelligence that suggested Nazi agents were bound for the French Caribbean were all part of the line's demise. After the Dutch intercepted the Winnipeg on May 26, in the dead of night, the line was severed entirely. From that moment, all maritime links between the French Caribbean and the metropole were severed, forcing refugees and the organisations that helped them to find alternatives. I find little to criticise in Jennings' work, though readers unfamiliar with the period and particularly those unfamiliar with the artists and intellectuals who dominate the book may find keeping track of the narrative something of a challenge. This, however, does not detract in any way from the significance of the work and the many contributions it makes.


Synchronous scanning fluorescent spectroscopy is explored as a tool for edible oil quality control and identification. Characteristic bands existing in the respective spectra and significant changes of these bands resulting from thermal oxidation and photo-oxidation of the oils confirm the potential of the method for the edible oil analysis. The method consists in monitoring and quantification of minor luminescent constituents, such as tocopherols, chlorophylls and polyphenols, and may be used for quality control, identification and manufacturing technology authentication of edible oils. Analysis of mixtures should be possible with suitable chemometric tools and appropriate calibration. High sensitivity of the method to oxidation is guaranteed by the inherent high sensitivity of luminescent techniques, and the anti-oxidant properties of tocopherols. The method does not require any separation steps.


Novel experimental results of anomalous luminescence and optical bleaching of large molecules concentrated in solution, influenced by intense laser pumping, are presented. The theory based on resonance 4-photon interaction with two zero vacuum oscillation is developed.


Theory and Evidence Edward E. Learner This is the first book to present a clear empirical picture of the international exchange of goods and of the resources that account for the exchanges that occur. "Combining theory ingeniously with econometrics to reopen the question of the validity of the Heckscher-Ohlin theory of comparative advantage, this is an important work."-Jagdish N. Bhagwati, Arthur Lehman Professor of Economics, Columbia University $45.00


A one-dimensional (1D) model has been constructed to study the transition of the time-dependent ultrafast laser photo-electron emission from a flat metallic surface to the space-charge-limited (SCL) current, including the effect of non-equilibrium laser heating on metals at the ultrafast time scale. At high laser field, it is found that the space charge (SC) effect cannot be ignored and the SCL current emission is reached at a lower value predicted by a short-pulse SCL current model that has assumed a time-independent emission process. The threshold of the laser field to reach the SCL regime is determined over a wide range of operating parameters. The calculated results agree well with particle-in-cell simulation results. It is found that the SC effect is more important for materials with lower work function like tungsten (4.4 eV) as compared with gold (5.4 eV). However, for a flat surface, both materials will reach the SC limited regime at sufficient high laser field such as >5 GV m−1 with a laser pulse length of 10 s to 100 fs.


Objective To explore the diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in the focal liver lesions after liver transplantation.Methods Sixty-seven patients with focal liver lesions after li-ver transplantation were examined by CEUS.The infusion patterns of contrast agent were observed in arterial,portal-venous and late phases.The manifestations of persistent enhancement in late phase or never enhancing in all phases were considered as benign lesion while presenting low-or non-enhancement in late phase were consi-dered as malignant lesion.Sensitivity and false negative rate of CEUS for the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant lesions were calculated.Results In the lesions with hyper-enhancement during arterial phase,the enhancement of malignant lesions were more likely to subside during portal-venous and late phases compared with benign lesions (P0.01).The sensitivity of estimation of benign lesions by CEUS was 90%(19/21) with a false negative rate of 10%(2/21).Two false negative cases were liver abscesses.The sensitivity of estimation of malignant lesions was 100% (46/46).Conclusion CEUS has high diagnostic value in the focal liver lesions after liver transplantation and is helpful in differentiating between malignant and benign lesions.


The ultrasonic‐wave velocity and absorption for carbon tetrachloride, benzene, and carbon disulfide are measured by a pulse‐reflection method, at several temperatures, in the pressure range of 1 to 1360 atmospheres. Generally similar pressure effects are found in the three liquids. The velocity increases with pressure to about 1.4 times the atmospheric‐pressure value, while the relative absorption decreases to about 0.4. The structural relaxation theory, which is examined with reference to carbon tetrachloride, predicts approximately the pressure effect on the absorption at constant temperature, but gives erroneous predictions of the magnitude of the absorption, and of the effects of pressure on the absorption temperature coefficient and on the relaxation frequency. The thermal relaxation theory is partially examined with reference to carbon disulfide, although more extensive data and further refinement of the theory are needed for a rigorous test. In terms of this theory, the absorption data are consiste...


The effect of pressure has been measured on the emission peak location and emission intensity for a series of phosphors of the form (ZnxCd1−x)S:Ag:Cl and (ZnxCd1−x)S:Cu:Cl. The results are qualitatively consistent with the donor–acceptor model. The emission peaks shift to higher energy with increasing pressure but the magnitude of the shift decreases with increasing fraction of Cd. The pressure shift of the absorption edge of CdS is also smaller than that for ZnS. The emission peak shift is always less than the shift of the edge for any given fraction of Cd. Large intensity decreases are observed with increasing pressure for each of the phosphors. The observed intensity changes can be related to changes in the donor binding energy with increasing Cd concentration.


Glucurolactone is an effective drug for protecting liver.However,the processes of glucurolactone prepared from starch bring a mass of waste liquid at the same time,which pollute the environment seriously.The method,to produce levulinic acid from glucurolactone waste liquid,was studied and optimized for the technologic condition.The results show that levulinic acid can be obtained through hydrolyze the waste liquid aroused from producting process of glucurolactone under acid condition,followed concentration,extraction with ether and decoloration by activated carbon and recrystallization.The orthogonal test indicates that the best condition is as follows: the mass ratio of waste liquid,concentrated hydrochloric acid and water is 3∶4∶10,at stirring under 600 r/min and heating to reflux for 15 h.The study provides a comprehensive use of waste as an effective way to glucurolactone manufacturers.


A nickel sensitivity patch test was applied to 700 child dental patients, aged 5-12 years,from the Dental Clinic at the University of Western Ontario and nearby pediatric dental offices. Approximately one-half the children were known to have nickel-containing dental appliances. From a case history obtained from the paten ts, the history of the wearing of pierced earrings and other jewelry was ascertained. The overall positive patch test rate was 8.1% with the females having a rate of 9.5% and males 6.8%. Positive patch tests were more frequent for girls wearing earrings than those without earrings. Positive patch tests were more frequent for boys and girls with nickel-containing intraoral devices than those without the nickel devices. However, none of the differences were statistically significant. A study of exposure time revealed a trend toward more response over time, but this was not statistically significant. Old formulation nickel-chromium crowns were associated with a significantly higher patch test rate in children 8-12 years old. This suggests that in the development of intraoral appliances consideration should be given to the nickel content. It has been reported that the problem of nickel contamination and associated skin contact is potentially serious, but no effort has been made to define its magnitude (Sunderman et al. 1975). Fisher (1973) has stated that nickel is one of the most common causes of allergic contact dermatitis, especially in women. Attention has been drawn to the problem of allergy and dermatitis from exposures to nickel owing to the presence of nickel in alloys used in orthopedic prostheses, cardiac pacemaker electrodes, cardiac valve replacements, sutures, and intravenous cannulae, as well as exposures due to jewelry (Sunderman 1977). Nickel-associated problems also have been of some concern in dentistry. Park and Shearer (1983) demonstrated in vitro that nickel is released from simulated orthodontic appliances. Bergman et al. (1980) reported that nickel from nonprecious dental casting alloys accumulated in mouse tissues. Blanco-Dalmou et al. (1984), using a 5% nickel sulphate gel, found that 20.7% of men and 31.9% of women developed an allergic response to nickel. With 2.5% nickel sulphate in white petrolatum, Prystowsky et al. (1979) found that 9% of adult women and 0.9% of adult men revealed a positive response. The purpose of the present study was to determine the level of nickel sensitivity in a child population by using a skin reaction test. The study also compared the skin test reaction of those children with nickel-containing intraoral appliances with those who did not possess those devices.


In the 21st-century, wireless communication and high-speed communication incorporating computation power, mobile network/Internet access capability, and consumer electronics, will become emerging technologies. To realize high-performance wireless and high-speed communication systems, system-on-chip (SoC) is becoming one of the most important technologies for future WLAN and wireless communications systems. The paper discusses the development and status of the technique first, then gives the detailed design process, especially the HW/SW codesign and verification problems. The paper gives the conclusion that the SoC technique can reduce the cost and improve the performance of WLAN, which will become more and more important with the wide use of WLAN and will drive the development of WLAN likewise.


Most conventional Federated Learning (FL) models are using a star network topology where all users aggregate their local models at a single server (e.g., a cloud server). That causes significant overhead in terms of both communications and computing at the server, delaying the training process, especially for large scale FL systems with straggling nodes. This article proposes a novel edge network architecture that enables decentralizing the model aggregation process at the server, thereby significantly reducing the training delay for the whole FL network. Specifically, we design a highly-effective in-network computation framework (INC) consisting of a user scheduling mechanism, an in-network aggregation process (INA) which is designed for both primal- and primal-dual methods in distributed machine learning problems, and a network routing algorithm with theoretical performance bounds. The in-network aggregation process, which is implemented at edge nodes and cloud node, can adapt two typical methods to allow edge networks to effectively solve the distributed machine learning problems. Under the proposed INA, we then formulate a joint routing and resource optimization problem, aiming to minimize the aggregation latency. The problem turns out to be NP-hard, and thus we propose a polynomial time routing algorithm which can achieve near optimal performance with a theoretical bound. Simulation results showed that the proposed algorithm can achieve more than 99$\%$% of the optimal solution and reduce the FL training latency, up to 5.6 times w.r.t other baselines. The proposed INC framework can not only help reduce the FL training latency but also significantly decrease cloud's traffic and computing overhead. By embedding the computing/aggregation tasks at the edge nodes and leveraging the multi-layer edge-network architecture, the INC framework can liberate FL from the star topology to enable large-scale FL.


Once the normalized transverse emittances of a muon beam have been cooled to some hundreds of microns, new techniques such as Parametric-resonance Ionization Cooling and Reverse Emittance Exchange can be used to focus the beam very tightly on beryllium energy absorbers for further transverse emittance reduction. The transport lines for these techniques have stringent requirements for the betatron tunes so that resonance conditions are properly controlled and for the dispersion function so that the longitudinal emittance can be controlled by emittance exchange using wedge-shaped absorbers. The extreme angular divergence of the beam at the absorbers implies large beam extension between the absorbers such that these techniques are very sensitive to chromatic and spherical aberrations. In this work we describe general and specific solutions to the problem of compensating these aberrations for these new muon cooling channels.


The bachelor ́s work deals with a project of the connecting of the antialiasing electronically turnable ARC filter of the low pass of the fifth order with the Butterworth approximation with the adjustable limited frequency FM in the extent 10 kHz – 100 kHz. The theoretical part includes a short summary and a description of constituent blocks of the complete device. Then the problems of the frequency filters are analyzed there. The practical part consists the project of the printed circuilts of all constituent blocks, then the calculation of all circuited components of ARC filter of the type of low pass for all limit frequencies of the filter. The result of the all work is a device which consists of five blocks and its core is the microcotroler ATmega16. For the electronic turnabling of the filter there are used digital potenciometers. The inseparable part is the enclosed CD-ROM which includes all made materials.


INTRODUCTION: Combining the sub-wavelength resolution of near-field interactions with the optical contrast mechanisms of classical optical microscopy resulted in 1984 in the first experimental set-up of a scanning near-field optical microscope (SNOM) [1]. Optical resolutions of λ/20 were achieved by scanning a nanometric light source or detector in constant distance and in closed proximity (near-field) to the sample surface. Especially for investigations of biological objects SNOM seems to offer much more possibilities than the classical ultramicroscopic techniques. This is mainly due to two facts: Contrary to most high-resolution microscopy techniques neither vacuum nor conductive surfaces are required; thus direct images of living objects even in aqueous environment can be realized. Moreover, SNOM offers the application of all contrast mechanisms used in optical microscopy such s fluorescence, phase or polarization contrasts, s well s spectroscopic analysis of the near-field optical signal [2].


To prevent the catastrophic failure of a large storage tank, any long brittle crack must not only be arrested by material toughness, but must subsequently also be stable. Otherwise, after a long and fast-running crack is arrested, bulging forces applied to the crack flanks will grow and reinitiate the unstable ductile crack. The authors discuss use of the R-curve concept combined with the J- integral as a theoretical tool and describe wide plate tests performed to estimate the fracture resistance of 34 mm thick 2 1/2% Ni steel plate for LPG storage tanks.


We present a new method to reduce substrate losses and parasitic capacitances of passive elements on silicon RF ICs. The method is based on a fabrication process to selectively bury thick oxide layer regions in a silicon substrate. The process consists of two steps, such as high aspect-ratio trench forming using a D-RIE (Deep Reactive Ion Etching) technique, high temperature oxidation in a wet environment, polycrystalline silicon deposition and etching. This is also CMOS compatible one.Using the method, we have succeeded in fabrication of 25μm thick oxide layer regions in a silicon substrate. The maximum Q value of a spiral inductor on the thick oxide layer has been improved twice as large as one on a field oxide layer fabricated by a conventional CMOS process. In addition, the power consumption of a 1.6GHz VCO (Voltage Controlled Oscillator) using the spiral inductor on the thick oxide layer has been reduced by 40% compared with the one by conventional technologies.


The article presents the results of an empirical study of students of one of the leading financial and economic universities in the country, the main goal of which was to identify the features of motivation for educational activities in the higher education system based on an assessment of a number of psychological variables associated with motivation. At the same time, the authors used a number of psychological diagnostic techniques developed by experts in previous studies: life satisfaction, resilience, etc. The central place in the study is to identify the direction of academic motivation: internal, external and motivation in accordance with the theory of self-determination, which is widespread in modern psychological science personalities of E. Desi and R. Ryan. The study-involved students of various courses and areas of training for bachelor's and master's degrees, full-time and part-time studies, as well as those receiving higher education on a budgetary and paid basis. The recommendations developed by the authors to increase the level of motivation of students with low indicators of intrinsic motivation for educational activity are given.


Abstract This paper provides a preliminary record of a recently damaged Roman farm and late Roman fortified building (gasr) located in the eastern suburbs of Benghazi. The remains of the farm buildings are briefly described, together with the more substantial remains of the gasr. The site was truncated during the building of a new road, with further damage occurring during the construction of a major water main and the building of new houses. The plight of Gasr Shibna and other sites threatened by development in the outskirts of Benghazi is discussed, with the conclusion that these sites are representative of the ongoing, rapidly increasing and widespread destruction of Libyan cultural heritage by development across the country as a whole. The paper concludes with an appeal for the development of a stronger, well-resourced Department of Antiquities, the establishment of a National Sites and Monuments Record to assist with the curation and protection of ancient sites and improved planning legislation to ensure that future prosperity is not being secured at the cost of Libyan heritage.


The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth, gas exchange and yield of physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.) fertigated with different concentrations of bovine biofertilizer. The study was conducted in the experimental area of the Universidade Federal do Ceara in Fortaleza/CE (Brazil). The transplanting of seedlings was done into 100 L pots, filled with Alfisol. The experimental design was in randomized blocks with five treatments and five replications. The treatments consisted of fertigation with the following bovine biofertilizer/water concentrations: T1 = 0% (control), T2 = 12.5%, T3 = 25%, T4 = 50%, T5 = 100%. The variables analysed were plant height, stem diameter, number of bifurcations, transpiration, stomatal conductance, photosynthesis, number of fruit per plant, fruit weight, fruit diameter, 100 seed weight and yield. The concentration of 100% of biofertilizer applied through fertigation positively influences plant growth in plant height, stem diameter and number of branches. The biofertilizer can be used as a source of nutrients in the first year of cultivation of physic nut. The use of biofertilizers through fertigation increases photosynthesis and chlorophyll in plants of physic nut. The treatment of biofertilizer 100% (T5) provided the highest productivity of physic nut after the first year of cultivation in pots, yielding 1533.62 g plant-1.


Two methods are proposed for directly measuring the diameter of a focused ion beam from the secondary electron intensity profile obtained by scanning the beam across either a cleaved edge of or an alignment mark on a GaAs substrate. The calculation of the secondary electron intensity profile is based on the Monte Carlo simulation of the implanted ion trajectories. The experimental results agreed well with the calculated ones. Using these methods, beam diameters can easily be measured without special tools.


Important avalanche breakdown statistics for Single Photon Avalanche Diodes (SPADs), such as avalanche breakdown probability, dark count rate, and the distribution of time taken to reach breakdown (providing mean time to breakdown and jitter), were simulated. These simulations enable unambiguous studies on effects of avalanche region width, ionization coefficient ratio and carrier dead space on the avalanche statistics, which are the fundamental limits of the SPADs. The effects of quenching resistor/circuit have been ignored. Due to competing effects between dead spaces, which are significant in modern SPADs with narrow avalanche regions, and converging ionization coefficients, the breakdown probability versus overbias characteristics from different avalanche region widths are fairly close to each other. Concerning avalanche breakdown timing at given value of breakdown probability, using avalanche material with similar ionization coefficients yields fast avalanche breakdowns with small timing jitter (albeit higher operating field), compared to material with dissimilar ionization coefficients. This is the opposite requirement for abrupt breakdown probability versus overbias characteristics. In addition, by taking band-to-band tunneling current (dark carriers) into account, minimum avalanche region width for practical SPADs was found to be 0.3 and 0.2 μm, for InP and InAlAs, respectively.


Direct electron detectors (DED) are now able to image biological specimens with higher resolution than x-rays—and are enabling new materials imaging techniques such as 4D-STEM. Limitations imposed by semiconductor manufacturing processes, where consumer electronics dominate device chip surface area, reduce the available space for DED pixels. To push beyond the physical pixel, sub-pixel super-resolution is necessary. We explore the prospects for sub-pixel super-resolution through electron counting as a function of diode depth, pixel pitch, and beam energy. For most energy ranges of interest to electron microscopists, energy is deposited as a string of charge across multiple pixels. We use machine learning to identify the start of the string, determining the true entry point of an electron with greater success than existing electron counting statistics.


Teaching and learning of anatomy have greatly transformed in last two decades. Innovations in medical education, like integrated curricula and inclusion of PBL were considered to be responsible for the decline in anatomy learning. Allocated time for anatomy teaching has reduced in medical schools in last two decades across the world. Living and surface anatomy facilitates students in developing skills for future clinicians. Some educationist considered it to be main teaching tool for learning anatomy as a replacement of dissection based cadaveric anatomy. Innovations in medical technology and reduced allocated time paved the way for implementing teaching methodologies e.g., body painting, peer physical examination, medical imaging and virtual anatomy softwares in teaching and learning of living and surface anatomy. This article focuses on reviewing the historical background and current trends in teaching and learning of living and surface anatomy with special emphasis upon its pedagogical aspects also some views of medical educationists. It also compares pros and cons of various teaching methodologies used in learning of living and surface anatomy, emphasizing on challenges faced in its pedagogy. Finally, it concludes that living and surface anatomy should be considered as an integral part of the curriculum. Inclusion and implementation of teaching and learning strategies, such as body painting, peer physical examination, medical imaging and virtual anatomy softwares will enhance learning of living and surface anatomy in an integrated and relevant framework.


SiC-platelet-TZP and SiC-platelet-Al 2 O 3 -TZP composites were fabricated from dispersions of SiC platelets in solutions containing salts of zirconium, yttrium, and aluminium. After coprecipitation and drying, the resulting powders were hot pressed at 1550°C using a pressure of 25MPa in an argon atmosphere. The resulting microstructure consisted of a uniform distribution of SiC platelets in a TZP matrix. Addition of SiC platelets resulted in a loss of both strength and toughness at room temperature, and also the elevated temperature strength compared with equivalent alumina free materials. Phase analysis measurements showed that additions of Al 2 O 3 promoted increasing amounts of tetragonal→monoclinic zirconia transformation during fracture.


The absence of transthyretin (TTR) in AD mice decreases brain Aβ clearance and reduces the low‐density lipoprotein receptor‐related protein 1 (LRP1). It is possible that neuroprotection by TTR is dependent on its tetramer structural stability, as studies using TTR mutants showed that unstable L55P TTR has low affinity for Aβ, and TTR tetrameric stabilizers such as iododiflunisal ameliorate AD features in vivo.


Summary form only given. Progress on soliton frequency microcombs is described including review of dissipative Kerr microcavity soliton physics. Applications including integrated optical clocks, microwave sources and optical synthesizers are discussed.


We consider here the possibility of shaping the high-frequency acoustic propagation in a liquid upon directional confinement. This hypothesis is investigated by inelastic x-ray scattering measurements on water confined in aligned multiwalled carbon nanotubes, in which the momentum transfer was either parallel or orthogonal to the confinement axis. The comparison between the spectra measured in these two scattering geometries highlights the anisotropic nature of the dynamic response of directionally confined water, thus potentially inspiring pathways to shape high-frequency sound propagation in isotropic systems. Finally, a Bayesian analysis of measured spectra unravels close similarities in the phonon dispersions of multiwalled nanotubes and graphite.


The wearing state of drainage devices of the dusting system for blast furnace gas of Wuhan Iron Steel Co. and the causes are analyzed, and the treatment countermeasures are put forward, which have obtained better effect.


During the recent 50 years,remote sensing image processing,which appeared with the technology of geologic remote sensing about railway,experiences two stages of optics and digital praessing.Technical methods improved continually impelled by the increasing application projects and special image manipulation research.With the development of computer science,research experiences the course from no equipments to equipments,and the capability of equipments becomes better and better.The related education of geologic remote sensing about railway and image manipulation appeared and the education content has become more substantial and systematic.


The effect of minority carrier lifetime on the impedance of the laser within a diffusion or a drift length from the junction is analyzed. Lifetime shorting due to stimulated recombination (which is a function of the injection current) is considered and the effect of cavity size on the ability to modulate the laser at high frequencies is pointed out.


Studying parallelism and concurrency in the double-pushout approach to graph transformations is mainly based on the so-called triple-pushout condition. The categories of sets and of graphs satisfy this condition. If we, however, consider graph morphisms that may change the labels in a welldefined manner (structurally labeled graphs), the triple-pushout condition does no longer hold true. In this paper, we propose a restriction on the structure of the alphabet such that on the one hand, the triple-pushout condition can be proved, and on the other hand, relevant applications are covered, e.g., term graph rewriting.


Contrary to puerperal abscess, nonpuerperal breast abscess is often caused by anaerobic bacteria; polymicrobial aerobic‐anaerobic infections are also frequent. Empiric first‐choice treatment with broad‐spectrum antibiotics should be considered.


In this study,the native gold was investigated by means of the microscopic observation and electron probe microanalyzer(EPMA).This paper compared natural golds of two metallogenic phases,including the characteristics of output state and chemical compositions.The fineness of native gold was generally high.Metallogenic phase and mineral particle size affect the fineness of natural gold.


In this paper, using the principle of quantum state superposition, we report a nonclassical quantum state which is constructed by repeatedly operating the number operator on the coherent state. Non...


Information on the distribution and habitat of Black-faced Spoonbill(Platalea minor) were collected in the coastal wetlands of Fujian Province in the duration of March 2003 and April 2006.About 60-90 Black-faced Spoonbills were recorded during winter.Moreover,more than 80 individuals were annually stopped in Fujian on their way of migration.The birds mainly selected the mudflats in estuaries as stopovers and wintering sites.The main threat to the species is the habitat loss and destruction.To implement conservation and sustainable utilization projects on wetland,and to help local communities get higher economic incomes from resources of the wetlands are the most important solutions on the habitat protection for Black-faced Spoonbill.


V. Kim Kutsch, DMD, and Carson L. Kutsch, DDS Is it possible to prevent cavities before they start? This is a complex question and it is one that is getting some serious attention as the dental profession begins to understand the science of biofilms. In the past, the phrase preventive dentistry has been an overused buzzword utilized by both educators and clinicians alike, so much so that it has lost meaning and importance in the mind of the patient. In addition, the promise of prevention has never resulted in preventing disease for most people. So the phrase has lost credibility, and all the brushing and flossing, fluoride, dietary changes, etc, have not prevented as much disease as promised. Now patients turn a deaf ear when they hear the term. They have been sold that same bill of goods too many times with too much disappointment to listen anymore, while the manufacturers have been complicit as well. Take a stroll down the dental care aisle of any pharmacy department, and the shelves are filled with products that promise everything you can think of, from cavity fighting, to cavity preventing, to whiter/sexier smiles, to promoting health. Yet in spite of these productsi sales and use, patients continue to get cavities. Now when we say ipreventioni to most patients, they give us that glassy-eyed, deer-in-the-headlights look and probably just hear iblah, blah, blah!i Not to be cynical, but for the most part, we shouldnit blame them. At the turn of the 20th century there was a rapid age of discovery in dental caries as James Leon Williams first demonstrated the demineralization of enamel under a gelatinous plaque mass.1 Within 3 years, G.V. Black concluded that the demineralization was caused by the lactic acid dissolving the calcium and phosphate salts from the enamel structure.2 These discoveries led to an attempt to make dental caries a pathogen-specific disease that fit our understanding of the disease process at the time. Mutans streptococci (Ms) and Lactobacilli (Lb) became the usual suspects in future scientific studies. During the 1980s, research began to demonstrate that levels of Ms and Lb were directly linked to caries incidence. Early work by Zickert, et al concluded that not only was the incidence of dental caries related to levels of Ms and Lb by themselves and in combination, but children with high levels of these bacteria developed significantly more new cavitations than children with low levels.3,4 During the scope of their study, children with high bacterial levels developed 20.8 new cavitations versus 3.4 for children with low bacterial levels.5 These findings continued to support the earlier bodies of work implicating 2 pathogens in the caries process. Further studies began examining the effect of controlling the bacterial levels and a resulting reduction in caries incidence. More recently, we have described dental caries as a bacterial infection of these pathogens, and as such demonstrated transmission from mother to child,6 and in fact transmission to and from every member of a family unit. Primary caregivers have taken the place of mothers for working moms, and they, too, can transmit the disease. Studies indicate that the age and severity of exposure to these bacteria are the greatest predictors in the childhood caries experience. Reduction in the Ms and Lb levels in mom reduces the caries incidence in a child.7


To date there is no quantitative review of predictors of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in youth experiencing illnesses or injuries. This article presents a meta-analysis of variables associated with the development of PTSD among those youth. Twenty-six studies were included: 18 involving children experiencing injuries and 8 with pediatric illnesses. Among injured youth, socioeconomic status and social impairment were small to moderate correlates of PTSD, whereas depressive and anxious symptoms, dissociation, acute stress disorder, and the appraisal of trauma severity and life threat displayed large effect sizes with PTSD severity. Among ill youth, social support and the appraisal of illness severity and life threat emerged as small to moderate predictors of posttraumatic symptoms. The current findings are exploratory in nature, as a primary limitation of the current study includes the limited number of independent studies that have evaluated these predictors. Current findings further our understanding of PTSD through exploration of possible indicators of at-risk youth who have experienced illness and injury. Language: en


Design and operational vulnerabilities are accepted as inevitable in today's complex computer systems. The distributed and networked nature of the systems that are currently in use and being developed facilitate discovery and exploitation of these flaws in increasingly new and easier ways. Intrusion Tolerance acknowledges that it is impossible to completely prevent attacks and intrusions, and that it is often impossible to accurately detect the act of intrusion and stop it early enough. Intrusion Tolerance research therefore aims to develop technologies that enable computer systems to continue to operate correctly despite attacks, and deny the attacker/intruder the success they seek. For instance, an intrusion-tolerant system may suffer partial loss of service or resources due to the attack, but it will continue to provide critical services in a degraded mode or trigger automatic mechanisms to regain and recover the compromised services and resources. Similar goals are being pursued in Survivability, Byzantine Fault Tolerance, Self-regenerative and Autonomic Systems. The idea of tolerating intrusions gained prominence during the late 1990s and early 2000s. Major research efforts led to the development of several intrusion-tolerant algorithms and architectures. It is now possible to grasp the fundamental principles of building practical intrusiontolerant systems, the issues underlying the validation and acceptance/certification of intrusion-tolerant systems, and also the continued effective and intelligent management and operation of such systems once they are put in operation. Despite significant progress, most modern systems are still not built as intrusion-tolerant systems. There are a number of reasons for this ranging from a false sense of security, such as lack of understanding of the risk, absence of any major cyber-disaster that is publicly acknowledged, the continued and fast paced innovation in information and software construction technologies, and the perception that Intrusion Tolerance is expensive. Combined with changing technology landscape, Intrusion Tolerance is a moving target that also needs to accommodate and adapt to changes. Unlike fault tolerance, Intrusion Tolerance faces an intelligent adversary who can adapt and evolve as the system adapts and recovers. New technologies make older solutions obsolete and introduce new vulnerabilities. How to make Intrusion Tolerance an integral part of the software engineering of modern information systems? What can be done to make system developers and architects more comfortable and confident about Intrusion Tolerance technologies? How to continue to stay ahead of the increasingly sophisticated adversaries? How to enlighten and empower the practitioners to navigate the ever-changing technology landscape so that they can build systems that can be trusted, and can operate through attacks? The 4th Workshop on Recent Advances in IntrusionTolerant Systems, held in conjunction with DSN 2010, aims to provide the researchers and practitioners an intimate venue to discuss and collaborate on ground-breaking new ideas and fresh results on such issues.


Wide band-gap semiconductor materials such silicon carbide (SiC), gallium nitride (GaN), and diamond (C) based electronic devices may operate at temperatures above the high temperature limit of silicon technology. Among these wide band gap materials, single crystal SiC is the most mature material at this stage. SiC has such excellent physical and chemical material properties that SiC microsystems, including MEMS sensors/actuators and signal conditioning/computing electronics, have been demonstrated at temperatures in excess of 600C. Microsystems that can operate in harsh environments, such as high temperature (~600C), are necessary for many space and aeronautic applications. Sensors and electronics for space missions to the inner solar system or combustion/emission control sensors/ electronics located in an aeronautical engine environment are desirable. For example, the Propulsion Instrumentation Working Group (PIWG), a working group composed of government labs and engine manufactures, suggested that the minimum environmental temperature requirement for sensors operating in a warm section of turbine engine (fan area) is 500C (http://www.piwg.org/PDF/DynamicPressure.pdf). As a point of reference, SiC MEMS and semiconductor devices fabricated at NASA GRC have been demonstrated operable at temperatures as high as 600C. In order to test and commercialize high temperature microsystem technology, packaging technology is essential. Currently, most high temperature MEMS sensors/actuators and electronics have been tested only in laboratory environments for short term evaluation and demonstration. Most commercially available products have not been rated for long term high temperature operation. The major reason for this is that packaging technology for high temperature microsystems operability at and over 500C has not been completely evaluated/validated. Validating packaging technologies for SiC sensors/actuators and electronics is an immediate need for many NASA missions, and therefore, is one of the current tasks of the NASA Electronic Parts and Packaging Program. This article reports the survey results of the current status of high temperature micro-devices packaging.


Noted for the beauty and importance of its specimens, the Keith Proctor collection has attained an international stature achieved by few private collectors.


Background and Aim of the Work : The hepatic form of the schistosomiasis disease was associated with granuloma, which is associated with collagen deposition, fibrosis of the liver and hepatosplenomegaly in severe cases. Neopterin, a pteridine derivative, is produced by activated macrophages and represents a marker of cell-mediated immunity in immune activation. Bees create propolis by collecting a resinous sap from trees. Propolis is a complex contains terpenes, benzoic, caffeic, cinnamic and phenolic acids, and it is also high in flavonoids. The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of neopterin as a biomarker in liver fibrosis caused by Schistosoma mansoni infection and to confirm the bee propolis as a natural anti-parasitic agent. Study Design: Experimental design classified into several groups, including; negative control, positive control, prophylactic and treated groups. Biochemical marker for liver fibrosis such as neopterin levels and liver function tests, immunological and parasitological investigations for Schistosomiasis, were done. Results: Neopterin levels, AST, ALT and GGT activities, bilirubin (total and direct) concentrations and anti-schistosomal antibody titre were increased in the infected non-treated group when compared to the control group. While, they were decreased in the treated and prophylactic groups when compared to the infected non-treated group. There were reduction in the serum albumin concentrations in the infected non-treated group in comparison with the normal group. While, serum albumin concentrations were elevated in the groups treated and prophylacted with bee propolis when compared to the infected non-treated and control groups, respectively. Conclusion: Neopterin was a biomarker correlate with the extent and activity of the liver fibrosis and was also useful to monitor during therapy. Bee propolis had liver protective and improved liver functions in schistosomiasis.


Objectives: Gagging is the most common protective reflex thus prevents foreign bodies from entering trachea. However, some patients exhibit severe gag reflex that creates disaster during working on upper complete edentulous patient's mouth and prevent them from wearing the prosthesis. By fabricating bar supported implant retained palateless overdenture, that condition can be treated successfully. This article describes an innovative procedure for managing such cases by the use of three connect bar implant supported palateless overdenture on the completely edentulous maxillary arch thereby improving denture retention, stability, chewing efficiency and comfort of the patient and tolerance towards the intraoral prosthesis.


Death from cardiovascular causes has emerged as a growing collateral problem in the era of antiretroviral therapy that has increased life expectancy of


Edge computing has been proposed to satisfy delay requirement for various applications. It brings another challenge that the collaboration problem among cloud computing, edge computing and network resources. Diversification of computing power nodes makes the optimization of resource utilization more complicated. To solve this problem, we first describe a general computing power network (CPN) framework and analyze different roles and their focuses on computing power resource. Then we propose a computing power resource modeling approach from the operator's perspective. In this paper, we quantify the computing resource, storage resource and transmission time of wireless and wired. At last, we present completion time of a calculation task to measure computing power for CPN.


We have initiated studies using both solution and solid state magic angle spinning {sup 17}O NMR for a series of oxidatively aged polymers. This short note reports the solution {sup 17}O NMR for oxidatively degraded polypropylene, ethylene-propylene-diene, polyisoprene, and nitrile rubber. Enriched O{sub 2} is used during the accelerated aging. 3 figs, 7 refs.


We review the bandwidth-enhancement of transverse-coupled-cavity VCSELs with an engineered oxide aperture. The noticeable modulation-bandwidth enhancement can be exhibited owing to "photon-photon resonance effect". Also, the same structure can be used for modulator-VCSEL integrations.


This report documents analyses of either a warrant officer component or an aviation technical track for commissioned officers to supplement the traditional Air Force pilot career path. The analysis sought to determine whether either alternative would enhance force sustainment, thus helping to reduce pilot shortages.


An elastic surface wave filter for use as an intermediate frequency filter in a color television receiver, comprising an input electrode provided on a piezoelectric substrate plate for converting an electric signal into elastic surface waves propagating through the surface layer of the piezoelectric substrate plate, a propagation path for the elastic surface waves in the piezoelectric substrate plate and an output electrode for converting the propagated elastic surface wave into an electric signal, wherein the fingers of the input electrode are so arranged that the position at which the overlap of the interleaved fingers is maximum is farther with respect to the output electrode than the middle point along the lengthwise direction of the input electrode and wherein the pitch between the adjacent interleaved fingers is non-uniform on both the sides of the position of the maximum overlap, whereby desired group delay and amplitude characteristics for predetermined frequencies are easily and simultaneously obtained.


Abstract : The extreme cost and complexity of avionics software is a continuing problem for the Air Force. This report analyzes an integrated design approach utilizing high order language programming, graphical design aids, structured programming, coordinated testing, and modularity techniques to produce reliable, well documented flight programs. The design, implementation, demonstration and testing of actual flight programs are described. The design approach offers great promise for use in the development of future avionics flight programs. (Author)


This study focusses on self-balancing microgrids to smartly utilize and prevent overdrawing of available power capacity of the grid. A distributed framework for automated distribution of optimal power demand is proposed, where all building in a microgrid dynamically and simultaneously adjusts their own power consumption to reach their individual optimal power demands while cooperatively striving to maintain the overall grid stable. Emphasis has been given to aspects of algorithm that yields lower time of convergence and is demonstrated through quantitative and qualitative analysis of simulation results.


We show that if Σ is an embedded least area (area minimizing) plane in H 3 whose asymptotic boundary is a simple closed curve with at least one smooth point, then Σ is properly embedded in H 3 .


AbstractThis study investigates how precipitation-driven cold pools aid the formation of wider clouds that are essential for a transition from shallow to deep convection. In connection with a temperature depression and a depletion of moisture inside developing cold pools, an accumulation of moisture in moist patches around the cold pools is observed. Convective clouds are formed on top of these moist patches. Larger moist patches form with time supporting more and larger clouds. Moreover, enhanced vertical lifting along the leading edges of the gravity current triggered by the cold pool is found. The interplay of moisture aggregation and lifting eventually promotes the formation of wider clouds that are less affected by entrainment and become deeper. These mechanisms are corroborated in a series of cloud-resolving model simulations representing different atmospheric environments. A positive feedback is observed in that, in an atmosphere in which cloud and rain formation is facilitated, stronger downdrafts...


In this study we investigate the formation mechanisms and morphology of TiSi 2 formed by deposition of Ti on atomically clean silicon substrates. Ti films of 50–400 A thickness were deposited in ultra-high vacuum on Si (111) wafers and annealed to temperatures between 500–900°C. Films were monitored in situ with AES and LEED, and post preparation characterization was accomplished with SEM, TEM and Raman scattering. The results show that for films of thickness ≤, 100 A the C49 TiSi 2 phase is stable over the entire 600-800°C temperature range. However, for films of 200-400 A thickness, the C49 to C54 phase transition occurs at temperatures varying from 700 to 800°C dependent upon film thickness. The high temperature annealing results in flat interface structures, and island formation is observed for all films with the C54 structure. The interface morphology and the mechanisms of TiSi 2 island and phase formation are discussed in terms of surface and bulk free energies considerations based on nucleation theory.


PDSSAT 4.0 is a crop model commonly used to quantify the climate change impact on agriculture production. The model objective is to predict the duration of growth, average growth rates and the amount of assimilate partitioned to the economic yield components of the plant. A model structure is comprehensively described in this paper. The input parameters were used from NSSC 640 maize nine year field experiment from Rimski Sancevi in Novi Sad and climate data were given by Republic Hydrometeorology Service of Serbia (RHSS) for current climate, as well as for 2030 and 2050 using three climate models (ECHAM5, HadCM3 and NCAR-PCM) under two scenarios (A1B SRES and A2 SRES). DSSAT 4.0 maize yield simulations were performed for period 1971-2000, as well as for 2030 and 2050. The change in yield for 2030 and 2050 was calculated relative to 1971-2000. The results showed lower yields in 2030 and 2050, especially in rainfed conditions.


Multiplicative importance-weighted and unweighted composites of job-satisfaction components were correlated with separate measures of over-all job attitudes and a termination criterion. In no case did the use of weighting for importance result in higher correlations with criteria than the use of raw-score unit weights.


Find out how UCL celebrated National Archaeology Week 2007, and what it means to be an archaeologist today – 70 years after the UCL Institute of Archaeology was founded.


Summary form only given. We demonstrate a new class of spatial light modulators, based on phased mirror arrays with tilt and shift that is built in the commercially available MUMPS technology. These devices, when expanded to larger array sizes, will find applications in femtosecond pulse shaping, higher order dispersion compensation, and wide bandwidth optical communications. Extensions to two-dimensional arrays will be useful in adaptive optics and correction of spatial beam aberrations.


This dissertation focuses on the role played by humor in the writing of three contemporary Francophone playwrights that investigate the process of identification: Jean-Claude Grumberg, a French and Jewish author, Slimane Benaissa, an Algerian bilingual playwright, and Paul Pourveur, a Belgian playwright who writes both in Dutch and French. Their works have each one a unique aesthetic, thematic and style, but these authors have in common a position of in-between, sharing different cultural affiliations. They also pay particular attention to the issue of identity construction through the French, Belgian and Western societies to which their texts are presented. The evolution of contemporary theater producing laughter in comparison with the principles of traditional comedy has already been observed and recognized by critics and theater studies. However, it still necessary to describe the specificity of the humoristic discourse developed by these works. The dissertation therefore includes a first theoretical part, which focuses on exposition of the the fundamental aspects of humor that appear in the plays written in French by Grumberg, Benaissa and Pourveur. A comparison between the hypotheses of several theoretical essays on humor and the stylistic processes developed by the literary texts leads to a description - which is not an absolute definition – of the humoristic discourse. It combines a funny and even transgressive relation to standards and cultural references, the use of the plurivocity of the signifier, self-deprecating and benevolent complicity. This first part is completed by the observation of a correspondence between the dispositions of the humoristic discourse and the identification process, as described by the Freudian and Lacanian psychoanalysis. Humor is a way of considering identifications that highlights their contingency when they are defined as absolutes, or that allows to assume the arbitrary element that is indispensable for the identity construction of the human subject. In the second part, we show how humor allows each author to develop an aesthetic response to a form of discontent related to the identification processes, in his own social and historical situation. The humor mechanisms - as we demonstrated in the first part – set up a way of "distanciation", for a re-appropriation of alienating categorizations - such as stereotypes. Thus, it plays a key role in Grumberg's work of remembering the arbitrary aspect of cultural origin. Humor constitutes also a major element in the confrontation faced with established identities developed by the Francophone plays of Benaissa, and in the work of paradoxical deconstruction of identity's issues initiated by the theater texts of Pourveur.


This article presents the characteristic of text display 400,the basic knowledge of rudiment and the connecting method of link between programmable logic controller and text display 400.Give some examples finding a fast way to use the TD400.