In the development of the capital market, financial fraud of listed companies often occurs, which leads to the untrue disclosure of information. It seriously affects the stability and fairness of the market. The financial fraud involving listed companies and regulators is also a typical game problem, and the ultimate goal of game analysis is to make all parties reach an ideal equilibrium state. Therefore, this paper conducts an in-depth case study on the social issue of Luckin Coffee's financial fraud and builds a specific regulatory game model. The conclusion is that the probability of choosing financial fraud by listed companies is affected by four factors: the cost of supervision, the probability of being accused, the fine and the reputation loss to the regulator. Reducing supervision costs and increasing fines can effectively prevent the occurrence of financial fraud. So this paper also puts forward some suggestions, in order to promote the healthy development of Chinese financial market.


The emergence of Internet and its application in business operations has brought about dramatic changes in the way of communicating on the market. The once untouchable advertisement media such as radio, TV and newspapers have gotten Internet as a serious competitor. Global statistic have indicated a growing presence of Internet for advertising purposes with the tendency to increase the role of on-line video advertising. The world trends are generally being reflected upon local markets with a smaller or greater delay. This paper incorporates the research of present state of affairs on the Internet advertising market with a special insight into the role of on-line video advertising. Taking into consideration the word trends being reflected on smaller-scale local markets, with certain delays, it is to be expected that video ol-line advertising in Serbia gains a considerable significance in the forthcoming period. The paper also presents an overview of the existing services for video on-line advertising in Serbia, as well as the value correlation between on-line video advertising and TV commercials.


Within the framework of the anthropology of supermodernity, Marc Auge defines, for the first time, the non-place in opposition with the anthropological space. According to Auge, the non-place is defined as non-identitary, non-relational and non- historical. Voided of all identity elements, the anthropological place becomes a non- place. For anthropologist Marc Auge, non-places refer to spaces destined to circulation, to professional occupations and to leisure activities: highways, means of public transport, airports, malls, entertainment centers, discos and stadiums - transitory spaces which have no memory, but also to the means of transport which transit these spaces and to the media. With media writers like Frederic Beigbeder, non-places are not only a recurrent theme, but they also become supermodern spaces invading the fictional texts and having an impact on both characters and auctorial instances. In this paper, we will focus on the issue of non-places as they emerge on a corpus of novels by Frederic Beigbeder such as: Tales on ecstasy, Holiday in a coma, 14.99 euros, Windows on the World and establish the main elements characterizing the media electronic space in literature, as well as the main operational dichotomies and trichotomies within the non-place (place/non-place, silence/noise, invasion/hybridation/evasion).


We have proposed a full dielectric (silicon) nanocube array polarizer based on a silicon dioxide substrate. Each polarization unit column includes a plurality of equal spaced polarization units. By optimizing the length, the width, the height of the polarization units and the center distance of adjacent polarization unit (x direction and y direction), an extinction ratio (ER) of higher than 25dB was obtained theoretically when the incident light wavelength is 1550nm. while for applications of most polarization optical elements, ER above 10dB is enough. With this condition, the polarizer we designed can work in a wide wavelength range from 1509.31nm to 1611.51nm. Compared with the previous polarizer, we have introduced a polarizer which is a full dielectric device, which solves the problems of low efficiency caused by Ohmic loss and weak coupling. Furthermore, compared with the existing optical polarizers, our polarizer has the advantages of thin thickness, small size, light weight, and low processing difficulty, which is in line with the future development trend of optical elements.


OS 9 gene is ubiquitously expressed in human tissues and frequently coamplified with CDK4 gene in human sarcomas, which suggests that the protein may be involved in cell growth or tumor genesis. To obtain soluble protein of OS 9 and its polyclonal antibody for studying the function of OS 9,the fragment of OS 9 gene obtained in the yeast two hybrid system was amplified and cloned into the expression vector pET28a.Induced by IPTG,soluble protein of interest could be obtained. The protein was purified by metal chelate affinity chromatography and its purity and content were detected by thin layer scan analysis and Bradford assay. Rabbits were immunolized by OS 9 protein.The titer and specificity of polyclonal antibody were detected by indirect ELISA assay and Western blotting. Thin layer scanning showed that its purity reached at least 90%.The titer of antiserum was as high as 1∶3200 ,with very high spcificity detected by Western blotting. Through IPTG induction and metal chelate affinity chromatography purification,soluble OS 9 protein with high purity and its specific antibody have been obtained.


Background
Preeclampsia is a disorder of pregnancy with accompanying high disease and economic burdens in the United States. Evidence supporting longstanding effects of preeclampsia on the offspring of affected pregnancies is high, but the effects of current antihypertensive therapies for preeclampsia on cardio-renal outcomes are largely unknown. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that sildenafil citrate, a phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor, reprograms the risk of hypertension and kidney disease in offspring of preeclamptic pregnancies by altering responses to secondary stressors.

Methods
Dahl SS/Jr rats on a 0.3% NaCl diet were mated. At gestational day 10, pregnant dams were randomized to vehicle diet or diet with sildenafil (50 mg/kg per day), which was continued until birth. Pups were weaned at 4 weeks of age and allowed to age on a 0.3% NaCl diet until 3 months of age. At this point, pups were randomized into three groups: baseline or no intervention, 2% NaCl diet challenge for 4 weeks, or a subpressor infusion of angiotensin II (200 ng/kg per minute) for 2 weeks.

Results
There were no differences among maternal treatment groups at baseline. Upon introduction of 2% NaCl diet, male offspring of sildenafil-treated dams exhibited an attenuated rise in BP; however, this protection was not observed during angiotensin II infusion.

Conclusions
Our findings indicate that intrapartum sildenafil does not reprogram the risk of hypertension and kidney disease in offspring of preeclamptic pregnancies.


Safety patient culture was one of the important things in operating the safety patient in hospital, so that the unexpected incident can be minimized. the data Arifin Achmad Riau Province showed that the number exceeds the limit figure KTD specified tolerance ie ≥ 1.5% like numbers plebitif 5.81%, and the incidence of patient falls are as much as five events in 2015 . This research is aimed to know the factors which are related to the safety patient culture on nursing staff in hospitalization service room of Arifin Achmad Hospital, Riau Province. The population is all of the nursing staffs in Arifin Achmad Hospital, Riau Province with the sample is 131 nurses. This research uses cross sectional non probability sampling technique. The method in collecting the data is questionnaire and the method in analyzing the data are frequency distribution, chi square distribution and logistic regression test. The result of the research is obtained there is a relation between attitude (p value 0.001), team work (p value 0,017), fatigue (0,013) with the safety culture, while the stress work does not related to the safety patient culture (p value 0,139). The result obtained that attitude is the most related factor with the safety patient culture. The writer suggests to the management of the hospital to be able to enhance the safety culture management support, improve peedback safety culture and communication between leaders and nurses, workforce analysis, structuring nurse station


The present study has explored the parameters of teacher's attitude towards their job satisfaction and accordingly the qualitative scale has been developed. The aim of the study was to develop the attitude scale for teaching profession with an objective to find the attitude of teachers towards teaching. The findings of this scale would facilitate the investigators to make suggestions towards improving the teachers teaching performances. As the researcher has not taken standardized scale therefore it is essential to assess for the reliability of the adopted scale. The split half method has been used; the scale consists of 30 items with fourteen positive and sixteen negative items where the reliability of the scale is (.69). A content validity and criterion related validity has been established where concurrent validity was found to be (.84). For scoring, the pattern suggested by Likert was followed. It was observed that the resulting measure provides a more accurate measurement of attitudes than is otherwise possible.


A unified conceptual framework for river corridors requires synthesis of diverse site‐, method‐ and discipline‐specific findings. The river research community has developed a substantial body of observations and process‐specific interpretations, but we are still lacking a comprehensive model to distill this knowledge into fundamental transferable concepts. We confront the challenge of how a discipline classically organized around the deductive model of systematically collecting of site‐, scale‐, and mechanism‐specific observations begins the process of synthesis. Machine learning is particularly well‐suited to inductive generation of hypotheses. In this study, we prototype an inductive approach to holistic synthesis of river corridor observations, using support vector machine regression to identify potential couplings or feedbacks that would not necessarily arise from classical approaches. This approach generated 672 relationships linking a suite of 157 variables each measured at 62 locations in a fifth order river network. Eighty four percent of these relationships have not been previously investigated, and representing potential (hypothetical) process connections. We document relationships consistent with current understanding including hydrologic exchange processes, microbial ecology, and the River Continuum Concept, supporting that the approach can identify meaningful relationships in the data. Moreover, we highlight examples of two novel research questions that stem from interpretation of inductively‐generated relationships. This study demonstrates the implementation of machine learning to sieve complex data sets and identify a small set of candidate relationships that warrant further study, including data types not commonly measured together. This structured approach complements traditional modes of inquiry, which are often limited by disciplinary perspectives and favour the careful pursuit of parsimony. Finally, we emphasize that this approach should be viewed as a complement to, rather than in place of, more traditional, deductive approaches to scientific discovery.


Shallow seismic-reflection data are presented to demonstrate their usefulness for locating and showing the continuity and lateral extent of rebound fracture zones in the Pierre Shale. Rebound fracture zones, identified in boreholes near Hayes, South Dakota, have variable depth, thickness, and character, thus making questionable the correlation of these zones between holes. Thus, the subsequent determination of dip and of continuity of the zones is somewhat tenuous, especially if the fracture characteristics change significantly between holes. Once rebound fracture zones have been identified and located by borehole geotechnical and geologic data, seismic profiles can reveal the extent and geometry of fractures in these zones, thus providing valuable preconstruction information without the cost of additional drilling. Key words: seismic reflection, fracture zones, fracture mapping, shale.


This note concerns an eigenvalue problem for a Hamiltonian system of ordinary differential equations in an L(2)-space with a boundary condition depending linearly on the eigenvalue parameter. We show that the spectral properties (in particular, the embedded eigenvalues) of this problem can be obtained from the Titchmarsh-Weyl coefficients. These coefficients appear in formulas for the generalized resolvent associated with a selfadjoint linearization of the problem in a Pontryagin space. They are generalized Nevanlinna functions and have representations in terms of selfadjoint relations (models) and integral representations. The note is based on the joint paper [1].


In this essay pulque is analyzed as a motif in Mexican literature, beginning with two of its most extensive representations: the Leyendas mexicanas by Jose Maria Roa Barcena and Los bandidos de Rio Frio by Manuel Payno. In this manner it is described how the first writer based his work on myth and legend, while the second performed an extensive costumbrist review based on the broad presence of pulque in the daily culture of the 19th century. In closing, by examining an essay of Jose Vasconcelos and a narrative passage of Martin Luis Guzman, the literary decline of pulque is revealed at the beginning of the 20th century in Mexican culture.


This study in a small textile industry and aims to evaluate and investigate the practices used in process control and measurement instruments to ensure process improvement. The aim is thus to implement process control and also the use of measurements to ensure product quality. These procedures have a direct impact on the results of productivity and product quality. The research was conducted through a case study, we intend to analyse the reality of small organization in the observation site. So we used the case study that may help elucidate a series of questions about the development of quality in the textile industry of small, verifying the possible kinds of inefficiency or improvement points unexplored. To check the controls relies on assessment, testing, analysis and monitoring of procedures and practices of the company. Moreover, implanted control strategies and process monitoring.


Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of manual therapy on temporomandibular pain, range of motion, functionality level of the jaw, sleep quality, and patient satisfaction, and to compare the efficacy with splint therapy among female patients with myofascial temporomandibular dysfunction (M-TMD) accompanied by sleep bruxism (SB). Methods: A total of 29 female patients, aged 18-50 years, diagnosed with M-TMD were separated into two groups using a simple random sampling method as the manual therapy group (MT; n:15) and the splint therapy group (ST; n:14). All the patients were informed about bruxism and its effects and were given home exercises. The patients in the ST group were instructed to use a static splint for one month. The MT group patients received a total of 8 sessions, 45 minutes twice a week of treatment, including joint and soft tissue mobilizations to the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and cervical region. Pain severity, symptoms, TMJ range of motion, jaw functionality, sleep quality, and patient satisfaction were evaluated. The evaluations were repeated after 4 weeks and compared with baseline values. Results: A statistically significant difference was determined in both groups in pain, TMJ range of motion, and sleep quality (p<0.05). In the comparison between the groups after treatment, the pain, TMJ range of motion values, and sleep quality were seen to be statistically significantly better in the MT group (p<0.05). The patient satisfaction measurements of mean general satisfaction, interpersonal attitude, mean healthcare services score, and general satisfaction total points were found to be statistically significant in the MT group (p<0.05). Conclusion: The applications of both MT and ST were seen to be effective in patients with M-TMD with bruxism. In the comparisons between the groups, the MT method was seen to be more effective than ST. It can be thought that the application of stabilization splint therapy together with manual therapy would significantly increase the treatment efficacy in patients with M-TMD.


The location of the structural gene for aggregation substance on the sex pheromone plasmid pAD1 of Enterococcus faecalis was determined using an oligonucleotide deduced from the N‐terminal amino acid sequence of the purified protein. The nucleotide sequence was determined for the corresponding region and two open reading frames (ORFs) could be identified. ORF1 codes for a small (Mr 13160) acidic protein of unknown function. The gene for aggregation substance (named asa1 was found to code for a protein of 1296 amino acids (Mr 142248). The protein has a signal peptide of 43 amino acids (the resulting (Mr for mature aggregation substance is 137429) and contains in its C‐terminal region a proline‐rich sequence, previously characterized as being involved in cell wall association, which is followed by a membrane anchor. The membrane anchor showed significant similarity to that of other Gram‐positive organisms, but no other similarities to surface proteins from Gram‐positive bacteria were found. In particular, no repeats on the DNA or protein level could be detected for pAD1‐specific aggregation substance. The protein contains the amino acid motifs Arg‐Gly‐Asp‐Ser and Arg‐Gly‐Asp‐Val (once each), which, it is proposed, play a crucial role in adherence to eukaryotic cells.


Introduced taehnique of fire prevention and sxtinguish hitrogen injtction for fully mechanized work- face,and discussed to inject nitrogen adventage and maneuverability of tachnique fire prevention and extinguish from combine of theories and fulfillment.


Letter to C. W. Bryant hailing important development of scientific "value standards" in determining cost-function relationships and recommending management awards for Roy Fountain and Dan Barlow for their research. See Doc. No. 424


central bank policy, produced independently from the Bank's Governing Council. This research may support or challenge prevailing policy orthodoxy. Therefore, the views expressed in this paper are solely those of the authors and may differ from official Bank of Canada views. No responsibility for them should be attributed to the Bank. ISSN 1914-0568 ©2021 Bank of Canada Staff Discussion Paper/Document d'analyse du personnel — 2021-7


In the course of excelsior course construction,new education pattern which emphasized the guiding function of the teacher and the subject position of the student was established.It brought into full play students′ initiative and enthusiasm with cases as the teaching contents,various teaching method was adopted,multi-medium teaching method was used,international trade experts were employed as part-time teacher,and excellent educational materials were chosen.The results indicated that the new education pattern could greatly improve the teaching quality and effect.


A hybrid waveguide based on simultaneous propagation of photonic crystal (PC) and total internal reflection confined optical modes is introduced for a scheme to uniformly pump waveguide optical amplifiers (WOAs). Planar one-dimensional PC structures were deposited by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition and characterized by reflectivity as a function of angle, confirming the existence of PC defect states. Two design trade-offs, angular acceptance and critical coupling, are modeled to demonstrate optimization of optically pumped gain within the PC defect state. The advantage of uniform pumping on the WOA gain profile is briefly discussed.


We study the negative polarization produced by agglomerate particles of various density. We found that all types of agglomerates studied reveal similar dependence of negative polarization minimum P min and its location α min on particle size and refractive index.


In this study, a manipulator calibration algorithm is suggested to decrease the positional errors of an industrial robotic manipulator using a genetic algorithm to select optimal measurement poses. First, a genetic algorithm based on the observability index is used for the selection of optimal measurement poses. By employing the selected optimal poses, conventional kinematic calibration is used to identify the geometric errors of the robot. Finally, to further improve the positional accuracy of the robot, compliance errors are compensated by a radial basis function neural network based on effective torques. The proposed method provides a novel and effective way to select optimal measurement poses for the calibration process using a genetic algorithm and enhances the accuracy of the robot manipulators by constructing a relationship between the effective torque and the compliance errors using a radial basis function. The results of the experimental calibration and validation processes carried out on a YS100 robot show the effectiveness of the proposed method in comparison with the other calibration approaches.


The use of data science to explore human language is an emerging area in health and nutrition and has so far, predominantly focussed on medical and disease related applications. (1,2) Data science techniques such as sentiment and emotion analysis can analyse large bodies of text to explore meaning behind human natural language. (3) This has applications in exploring the breadth of social media data around public health areas, including the topic of interest of this research, food security. This study aimed at exploring food security related social media data using different data science techniques, sentiment and emotion analysis. Twitter data from Australia containing key terms and hashtags relating to food security was collected using the Twitter API across 2019, 2020 and 2021. Data science techniques were used to analyse the language of the tweets, including sentiment (Very negative, Negative, Neutral, Positive and Very positive) using Valence Aware Dictionary and Sentiment Reasoner (VADER) (4) and emotion using two different emotion engines (six emotions: anger, fear, joy, love, sadness and surprise). A total of 107,897 food security – related tweets were collected across the 3 years, with 42.1% from 2020, followed by 31.0% from 2021 and 26.9% from 2019. The majority of tweets were re-tweets (69.6%), followed by replies (14.3%), original tweets (11.2%) and quote tweets (4.8%). Overall, the majority of tweets were classi fi ed as having a positive sentiment (47.6%), with 23.7% negative and 21.9% neutral. In the original emotion


Although the disaster is unable to be eliminated,it may be prevented.The prevention of disaster needs that human beings carries on the restraint to own thoughts and the behaviors.Morals is the important factor preventing the disaster system project.It requests three principles.First,the principles harmony of between man and nature: human beings should respect the nature,survive and glorify with the nature.We should understand the relations fully of depending on mutually、needing、and mutual benefit between human beings and nature.We should overcome the utilitarianism,oppose the overdevelopment and take the sustainable development path.Second,the principle of total benefit:Various departments must have the idea that serving entire society、the populace and the natural.The prevention of disaster is a kind of work that is public welfare and the social security safeguard.We must set up the total view and display whole strength.Third,the principle of information opening:We should give publicity to the disaster information realistically.The publicity of early disaster warning information should be prompt,unified and the authorizable.The accuracy of early warning information of disaster prevention must be based on the science,prevent the inaccurate information from increasing the loss which the disaster creates.


The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate single dose per day extended release tablet of nifedipine using Press coating techniques. Nifedipine solid state stability characterizations were investigated by HELOS, BET, and XRD. In the optimized batch, product NF5, in which combination approach using medium and lower grade viscosity of HPC was used to form the matrix tablet. The dissolution profiles of the nifedipine ER tablets were evaluated in comparison to the Procardia XL ® used as a reference dosage form. The innovator product design is based on complex osmotic pump technique, but the developed optimized formulation is based on a simpler technique using Press coating based design. The In-Vivo study was carried out using rabbit model. The In-Vivo results indicate that the HPC based tablet was capable of extending the drug release profile upto 24-hours. The In-Vivo pharmacokinetic results revealed no significant differences in Cmax, Tmax and AUC (0-24h) between test and reference products. The Tmax of the reference and test products were found to be 5.1 and 5.5 Hours, respectively. The maximum plasma drug concentration (Cmax) values of reference and test products were found to be 36.5±1.3 and 37.9±2.1 ng/L, respectively. The AUC (0 - t) and AUC (0 - ∞) value for reference and test formulations were found to be 612.40±22.7 μg/L*h, 656.35±15.7 μg/L*h and 600.20±31.54 μg/L*h, 641.54±24.5 μg/L*h respectively. The test product was found to be bio equivalent with reference product using simpler technique of press coating in comparison to complicated Osmotic based technique.


We propose a cooperative, distributed and tenant-driven framework for realizing virtual network embedding (VNE) in optical datacenter interconnections (O-DCIs), by leveraging a deep reinforcement learning (DRL) module.


We present the first microjoule-class sub-picosecond erbium-doped fiber laser at 1600 nm, and demonstrate the generation of 2.2 µJ, 650 fs pulses at 100 kHz. Dual-pumping schemes at 980 and/or 1550 nm are investigated.


Exercise‐induced physiological hypertrophy provides protection against cardiovascular disease, whereas disease‐induced pathological hypertrophy leads to heart failure. Emerging evidence suggests pleiotropic roles of melatonin in cardiac disease; however, the effects of melatonin on physiological vs pathological cardiac hypertrophy remain unknown. Using swimming‐induced physiological hypertrophy and pressure overload‐induced pathological hypertrophy models, we found that melatonin treatment significantly improved pathological hypertrophic responses accompanied by alleviated oxidative stress in myocardium but did not affect physiological cardiac hypertrophy and oxidative stress levels. As an important mediator of melatonin, the retinoid‐related orphan nuclear receptor‐α (RORα) was significantly decreased in human and murine pathological hypertrophic cardiomyocytes, but not in swimming‐induced physiological hypertrophic murine hearts. In vivo and in vitro loss‐of‐function experiments indicated that RORα deficiency significantly aggravated pathological cardiac hypertrophy, and notably weakened the anti‐hypertrophic effects of melatonin. Mechanistically, RORα mediated the cardioprotection of melatonin in pathological hypertrophy mainly by transactivation of manganese‐dependent superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) via binding to the RORα response element located in the promoter region of the MnSOD gene. Furthermore, MnSOD overexpression reversed the pro‐hypertrophic effects of RORα deficiency, while MnSOD silencing abolished the anti‐hypertrophic effects of RORα overexpression in pathological cardiac hypertrophy. Collectively, our findings provide the first evidence that melatonin exerts an anti‐hypertrophic effect on pathological but not physiological cardiac hypertrophy via alleviating oxidative stress through transactivation of the antioxidant enzyme MnSOD in a RORα‐dependent manner.


Discusses the basic role of the trifocal tensor in scene reconstruction. This 3/spl times/3/spl times/3 tensor plays a role in the analysis of scenes from three views analogous to the role played by the fundamental matrix in the two-view case. In particular, the trifocal tensor maybe computed by a linear algorithm from a set of 13 line correspondences in three views. It is further shown in this paper to be essentially identical to a set of coefficients introduced by Shashua (1994) to effect point transfer in the three-view case. This observation means that the 13-line algorithm may be extended to allow for the computation of the trifocal tensor given any mixture of sufficiently many line and point correspondences. From the trifocal tensor, the camera image matrices may be computed, and the scene may be reconstructed. For unrelated uncalibrated cameras, this reconstruction is unique up to projectivity. Thus, projective reconstruction of a set of lines and points may be reconstructed linearly from three views.<<ETX>>


The work presented in this thesis includes recent developments and designs for the novel Z-source dc breaker as well as its application in dc micro grids since it was first proposed for use in dc circuits. The novelty of this work is that the initial Z-source breaker design has been modified and tested extensively in simulation and hardware to provide a more practical solution for dc protection. The first part of this work addresses the design of the breakers and the unique advantages offered by the variations in designs. The second part is focused on protection schemes for multi-breaker systems and using sensor and communication tools to ensure system-wide protection using Z-source breakers. Most of this work has been developed with funding from office of Naval research and is tested primarily for systems replicating an all electric shipboard power system. The results from simulation of large systems and protection schemes are presented in great detail. Laboratory testing for several Z-source breaker designs and multi-breaker systems with a central control is also presented and discussed.


Machine learning (ML) models trained by differentially private stochastic gradient descent (DP-SGD) have much lower utility than the non-private ones. To mitigate this degradation, we propose a DP Laplacian smoothing SGD (DP-LSSGD) to train ML models with differential privacy (DP) guarantees. At the core of DP-LSSGD is the Laplacian smoothing, which smooths out the Gaussian noise used in the Gaussian mechanism. Under the same amount of noise used in the Gaussian mechanism, DP-LSSGD attains the same DP guarantee, but in practice, DP-LSSGD makes training both convex and nonconvex ML models more stable and enables the trained models to generalize better. The proposed algorithm is simple to implement and the extra computational complexity and memory overhead compared with DP-SGD are negligible. DP-LSSGD is applicable to train a large variety of ML models, including DNNs. The code is available at \url{this https URL}.


Agricultural investment is an elementary factor in development of rural economy. Based on the dynamic analysis of agricultural investment in Jiangxi Province, and the economic analysis of reasons for lacking of agricultural funds, and according to the present situation in Jiangxi, this paper puts forward some countermeasures to promote the agricultural investment.


The development of tourism today is very fast and provide opportunity for national and regional economic growth. For  the development of  tourism and the government  has  continued to be driven  belief that  tourism  can  become  the leading sectors  replace oil and natural gas  that has been the  foundation of  the government  in supporting the  state revenue. To that end, various  regions  in Indonesia are competing to develop the tourism sector in order to raise revenues. Marketing concepts evolve with  the needs of  the community. One of the primary needs  to be taken by  the manufacturer  is  the need for services. In  marketing activities, important thing to note is how the providers of such services marketing mix that attention can then measure the satisfaction of its customers. Keywords: Product, Price, Place, Promotion, Physical Evidence, People, Process, Tourist Satisfaction


The Department of Navy's Maritime Strategy is designed to maintain military readiness and the ability to operate in all major theaters of the world. Mobility fuels required for sea, air, and land operations are vital components of the Navy's peacetime and wartime strategies. The purpose of the Navy's Mobility Fuels Technology Program is to understand fuel supply and fuel property impacts on Navy equipment performance and fleet readiness and operations. Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) has assisted the Department of Navy in developing and testing a methodology for forecasting mobility fuel availability, quality, and relative price, as well as evaluating options to increase fuel supplies during world oil supply disruptions. Publicly available models developed by the Energy Information Administration of the Department of Energy were selected as the foundation of the Navy Mobility Fuels Forecasting System (NMFFS). The NMFFS was enhanced as ORNL reviewed data on world oil reserves, production and prices, trends in crude oil and refined product quality, and changes in refinery process technology. The system was used to analyze the availability, quality, and relative price of military fuels that could be produced in several domestic and foreign refining regions under Business-As-Usual (BAU) and two hypothetical world crudemore » oil disruption scenarios in the year 1995. 25 refs., 11 figs., 29 tabs.« less


[Objective] To investigate the function of RNA interference and the plasmids containing short hairp in RNA of an angiogenic immediate early gene-cysteine-rich 61(Cyr61). [Methods] The sequence of rat Cyr61 mRNA was found in the Gene Bank. The primer was designed. The fragments amplificated with PCR were inserted to the Pgenesil-1 vector, and were selected and identified. [Results] The plasmid was certified to be in the right rank. [Conclusion] This study provided foundation for further research on the function of short hairp in RNA of Cyr61 and its effect on Cyr61.


Context. To directly image rocky exoplanets in reflected (polarized) light, future space-and ground-based high-contrast imagers aim to reach extreme contrasts at close separations from the star. However, the achievable contrast will be limited by reflection-induced polarization aberrations. While polarization aberrations can be modeled with numerical codes, these computations provide little insight into the full range of e ff ects, their origin, and possible ways to mitigate them. Aims. We aim to understand polarization aberrations produced by reflection o ff flat metallic mirrors at the fundamental level. Methods. We use polarization ray tracing to numerically compute polarization aberrations


The present work is especially concerned with the Iraqi bauxite ore that includes 4.1% of titanium element (Ti). The goal of this study is to investigate the effect of various parameters (concentration of acid, ratio of solid: liquid, stirring speed, contact time, and temperature) in order to determine the best conditions for the leaching and extraction of titanium element. All tests of leaching were conducted with different acids (HNO3, H2SO4, and H3PO4) with a ratio of solid: liquid from (1: 100) to (1: 8), the temperature of reaction from (25°C) to (50°C), period of time from (30 min) to (120 min), and speed of stirring from (400 rpm) to (1200 rpm). The best conditions were determined at (1: 100) solid: liquid ratio, (50°C) temperature, (4 M) HNO3 concentration, and (900 rpm) stirring speed. While, the titanium extraction was from leached solution by (trioctylphosphine oxide) (TOPO), tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP), and di-2- ethylhexyl phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) dissolved in kerosene) with an organic/aqueous ratio of (1/1, 1/2, 1/3, 2/1, and 3/1); temperature of reaction and period of time are correspondingly from (25°C) to (55°C) and from (8 min) to (15 min), and speed of stirring (400 rpm). The best conditions were obtained when using (55°C) temperature, (50%) TOPO concentration, (15 min) contact time, (400 rpm) speed of stirring and (1/3) O/A ratio.


The article makes a multitemporal analysis of use/occupation of the soil in the area of urban sprawl North of Londrina-PR the years between 1987 and 2004, using images from Landsat-5 satellites and Spot-5. Were applied images digital processing techniques (PDI) as color combinations (false color), processing IHS (Intensity, Hue, Saturation) and supervised maximum likelihood classification (MAXVER), in order to get the classes of use/occupation of the soil. The results are presented in thematic maps showing qualitatively and quantitatively the real condition of use and occupation of land, noting that the region is not being environmentally preserved according to the established laws because its forest cover has less than 20% of forests, the minimum required by law. The urban area and ranches had an increasing advance, confirming the trend of land use in the region for the unplanned way urban occupation. In turn the pasture and agricultural activity had a higher prevalence of 50% in the area, showing the importance of rural activity for the region.


To determine the relationship between:  Relative cost-sharing for daily preventive asthma medication and  Risk of asthma-related emergency department (ED) visit Hypothesis:  Cost-sharing for preventive asthma medication is positively associated with odds of ED use for asthma Secondary analysis of Medical Expenditure Panel Survey data  Household and pharmacy questionnaires pooled from 2010 and 2011  Subpopulation of adults reporting current use of preventive asthma medications analyzed


Studies from the laboratory of Roger Unger presented in the current issue of Diabetes highlight the potential benefit of reducing glucagon action by examining the effects of glucagon receptor knockout (Gcgr−/−) on the phenotype of type 1 diabetes in the mouse (1). The aim of the study was to determine if glucagon action, by itself, causes the lethal consequences of insulin deficiency. Because treatment of Gcgr−/− mice with the β-cell toxin streptozotocin (STZ) previously had no effect on circulating insulin levels or pancreatic islet architecture (2), Lee et al. (1) administered a double dose of STZ to maximize β-cell destruction. Unlike STZ treated wild-type Gcgr+/+ mice, which became severely hyperglycemic, STZ-treated mice lacking glucagon signaling appeared to be in a normal state of health and were completely protected from the manifestations of diabetes (1), as shown previously by the same group in alloxan treated Gcgr−/− mice (3) and by Hancock et al. (4) in STZ-treated mice lacking glucagon because of α-cell deletion. Fasting hyperglycemia did not occur in STZ-treated Gcgr−/− mice, and astonishingly, the animals demonstrated normal or even improved glucose disposal in response to a glucose tolerance test, despite the absence of a rise in plasma insulin. These results led the authors to speculate that insulin action during glucose absorption is largely directed toward overcoming the hepatic actions of glucagon. They theorized that insulin would have little or no role in a liver not exposed to the action of glucagon because it would be in a permanent glucose storage mode.

Glucagon antagonistic peptides, neutralizing antibodies, receptor antisense oligonucleotides, and/or receptor nonpeptidyl antagonists have previously been shown to lower plasma glucose in several rodent models of diabetes (5,6). Likewise, reversal of diabetes by leptin therapy in the rodent has been attributed to a …


Abstract: Background: The hippocampus is known to be required in the processing of spatial and contextual memories. A specific role in this context appears to be played by the new neurons continuously generated during adulthood from progenitor cells in the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus. Ablation of neurogenesis by toxins, x-ray irradiation or virus-activated pro-drugs causes severe cognitive deficits in mice models. Methods: Histologic specimens from adult human hippocampus, dissected during the amygdalohippocampectomy process for mesial temporal sclerosis, were obtained and cultured in suitable media. Neural stem cells were characterized using an appropriate in-vitro molecular biomarker profiling. Results: A total of six adult human hippocampal tissues were evaluated of which, two specimens retrieved well-characterized neural stem cells. Conclusions: The adult mammalian hippocampus contains neural precursor cell populations, which give rise to new neurons by passing a sequence of different amplifying lineage-determined progenitor cells. While some of the newborn neurons are integrated into the functional circuitry, most of them have only a transient existence. These cells provide the substrate for neuronal plasticity at the cellular level eventually playing a role in learning and memory. Keywords: Neural stem cell, Cell cultutre, Hippocampus, Neural stems cells


Urban settlement in the western lower Papaloapan River basin in the Gulf lowlands was dispersed and likely employed intensive gardening near domiciles. Land surrounding homes also may have played a symbolic role in these agrarian societies. Water works—formal ponds associated with temple platforms and other prominent structures as well as with many residential mounds—support the idea of symbolic as well as practical functions in land use around buildings. Dispersed occupation occurs in low elevations suited to recessional planting, a technique that takes advantage of dry season ground moisture in low areas where rain and flood waters recede as the water table drops. We analyze elevational zones to show greater settlement density in the low-lying Blanco River delta than in higher elevations upriver. Analysis of distances between archaeological residences and wetlands and drainages shows that residences generally were close to seasonally flooded areas. We also highlight anthropogenic qualities in the alluvial landscape, offering a land use perspective distinct from other views of agricultural intensification. The settlement pattern is compatible with Mesoamerican forms of urbanism.


Weather forecasting has traditionally been done by physical models of the atmosphere, which are unstable to perturbations, and thus are inaccurate for large periods of time. Since machine learning techniques are more robust to perturbations, in this paper we explore their application to weather forecasting to potentially generate more accurate weather forecasts for large periods of time. The scope of this paper was restricted to forecasting the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature for seven days, given weather data for the past two days. A linear regression model and a variation on a functional regression model were used, with the latter able to capture trends in the weather. Both of our models were outperformed by professional weather forecasting services, although the discrepancy between our models and the professional ones diminished rapidly for forecasts of later days, and perhaps for even longer time scales our models could outperform professional ones. The linear regression model outperformed the functional regression model, suggesting that two days were too short for the latter to capture significant weather trends, and perhaps basing our forecasts on weather data for four or five days would allow the functional regression model to outperform the linear regression model.


Large scale wave run-up tests have been performed in the project "Research on the use of heavy rock in rubble mound breakwaters and seawalls" in the LARGE WAVE CHANNEL (GWK) of the Coastal Research Center (FZK). The largest scale tests have been supported by the European Community under the Access to Research Infrastructure action of the Human Potential Program. The participants of the project were Aalbor University (Denmark coordinator) Ghent University (Belgium), Havnecon Consulting Aps (Denmark) and NCC Industry (Norway). The GWK is the most important facility for basic and applied research on Coastal Engineering phenomena at the Coast Research Center. The main objective of this paper were firstly to investigate the influence of rock density and armour layer stability and secondly to collect large scale data on wave run-up and wave overtopping.


AIM: To construct the vector that harbors self-restricted system for clearing hepatitis B virus, eliminating infected hepatic cells and inhibiting hepatitis B recurrence in gene therapy. METHODS: After amplifying hepatitis C virus (HCV) internal ribosome entry sites (IRES) by reverse-transcription PCR (RT-PCR), the products were cloned into pcDNA3. A biscistronic vector was obtained. A part of sequence in HBV anti-surface gene and part of sequence in HCV core gene were cloned into the vector before IRES site in turn and thymidine kinase (TK) was also cloned into it following the IRES site. After determination by PCR and sequencing, we acquired the vector containing HBV anti-S, HCV-C gene, HCV IRES and thymidine kinase gene, which was named the vector pcDNA3-SCITK. The vectors were separately transfected into HepG2 cells and 2.2.15 cells and all the media contained ganciclovir.


T related articles in this issue deal with providing preference scores for use in cost-effectiveness and cost-utility analyses to support clinical, resource allocation, and regulatory policy. Hanmer and others report population norms by age and sex for EQ-5D index scores, EQ-5D visual analogue scale scores, selfrated health, SF-12, and SF-6D based on data from the 2001 Medical Expenditures Panel Survey (MEPS); they also provide norms for the Quality of Well Being Scale (QWB) based on data from the 2001 National Health Interview Study. Sullivan and Ghushchyan estimate an algorithm to impute EQ-5D index scores from information on health status available from the SF-12 based on relationships observed between EQ-5D and SF-12 in the 2000 and 2002 MEPS. Finally, Sullivan and Ghushchyan provide nationally representative marginal disutility scores for EQ-5D for chronic conditions controlling for age, gender, comorbidities, race ethnicity, income, and education. These estimates are based on pooled data from the 2000–2002 MEPS. I will focus my comments on the latter article, but much of what I have to say is also relevant to the other 2 articles.


In this study, we have considered a nonstandard boundary-value problem for fourth order differential equation on two disjoint intervals   The boundary conditions contains not only endpoints   and   but also a point interaction  and abstract linear functional   So our problem is nota pure differential one. We investigate such some important properties as isomorphism,  Fredholmness and coerciveness with respect to the spectral parameter.


The objective was to evaluate the variability and climate change perception of Quichuay and Achipampa rural communities and to compare with trends and experienced changes by recorded precipitation and temperature by weather stations nearby. The statistical analysis of rainfall records (1964 - 2014) and temperature (2009 - 2014) from the Ingenio and Laive Weather Stations was performed by the Mann-Kendall and homogeneity tests, and contrasted with qualitative data collected through an 89 community members' survey. The results establishes no precipitation increasing or decreasing trends in both communities; while for the average, minimum and maximum temperature, there are no clear trends except in the case of the maximum temperature in the Laive station showing a decreasing trend. The Achipampa and Quichuay respondent commoners perceived that the climate changed in the past four years and that the precipitation and temperature increased. The commoners' perception and calculated statistics about precipitations and temperatures diverge, which does not mean that commoners are wrong, probably there are other meteorological and social factors effects don't evaluated by this research. In conclusion, the rural communities perceived changes in climate while precipitation and temperature records showed no clear increase, decrease or significant change trends.


For the reconstruction of former Equilibrium Line Altitudes (ELA) and ELA depressions in the Himalaya, the group of the Toe-to-Summit-Altitude-Methods (TSAM) is most suited. In this investigation the Kuhle (1986) method that is particularly tailored to the extreme high mountain relief, as well as the widely used Hofer (1879) method and Louis (1954/55) method, have been applied. Applying the relief specific correction factor FSD (Factor for snowline deviation) in the Kuhle method, it is thereby possible to simulate the shifting position of the ELA within the vertical extension of the glacier in dependence on the relief characteristics and glacial type. The results of this work, carried out along the Kali Gandaki in central Nepal, illustrate that as a rule, the Louis method results in the highest ELAs and the lowest ELA depressions, while the Hofer method yields the lowest ELAs and the highest ELA depressions. In affirmation of the literature, the Louis method tends to overestimate the ELA, since using the maximum peak height, especially for large glaciers in mountain ranges with high relief energy, leads to an overly high position of the glacier upper limit. With respect to the Hofer method, the suspicion already voiced by Hofer (1879) himself, that with the use of his method, the for the Himalaya typically high elevated, and with marginal gradient toward the valley moving ridge progressions, would lead to a too low ELA, can be affirmed. Clearly to be disputed, however, is the statement of Gross et al. (1976) that the Hofer method leads to an overestimation of the ELA. The reason for this can be found in a wrong computation of the mean ridge height above the ELA and consequently of the ELA itself within the Hofer method, based on the erroneous assumption that otherwise the ELA could not be calculated due to a circular conclusion (Gross et al. 1976). As is evidenced by this study, the Kuhle method mediates between the empiric overly high values of the Louis method and the overly low values of the Hofer method, because of a mediating definition of the accumulation zone upper limit. Additionally, over the FSD, Kuhle allows for a high degree of adaptation to the extreme Himalaya relief, and within limitations from the change of the relief constellation, which stems from transverse valley's characteristics of the Kali Gandaki. Therefore, the results of the Kuhle method must be affirmed as reflecting the greatest conformity with the actual values of the ELA and the ELA depression.


In the rural area represents forest management the significant and often the sole source of job opportunities, especially in border areas of the Czech Republic. As the sector is forestry such an important participant of regional development, incl. location factors relation in the face of traceable processing branches. All this increases the social role of forestry and it is a factual fulfilling of specific social functions of forest management in the sense of strategic development documents.National forestry programs are considered as concepts for application of sustainable forest management in long-term improvement of competitiveness of forestry. They are part of the state forestry policy and at the same time they fulfill the EU Forestry Strategy. The paper focuses on the National Forest Programme of the Czech Republic for the period up to 2013 in relation to regional development and the importance of forestry in rural development area in the Czech Republic.The paper focuses on the Programme LEADER too, aimed to engage in the rural areas more forestry bodies into the local action groups and into the elaboration of local development strategies.


Objective To study the effects of Fefidex labeling on bone marrow stem cells ( BMSCs) ability to proliferate and differentiate into liver ceils, searching for the optimal schedule of Fefidex labeling. Methods BMSCs were labeled by Feridex at different concentration gradient, including 11.2,14. 0, 16.8,19.6 mg/L. Blank control group ( no Fefidex labeling) was set up. The labeling efficiency was detected by Prussian blue staining and electron microscope, and proliferating ability was evaluated by MTT methods. Labeled cells were transdifferentitated into hepatic cells by hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and epidermis growth factor (EGF). The expression levels of ALB and AFP mRNA were analyzed semiquanti-tatively by using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) techniques. Results The labeling efficiency of 11.2,14.0,16.8,19.6 mg/L groups was 71%, 83 % ,91% ,96%, respectively. The labeling efficiency of 16.8 mg/L and 19.6 mg/L groups was significantly greater than that of 11.2 mg/L and 14 mg/ml groups (P 0.05 ), while the indexes of 19.6 mg/ml group were lower than those of blank control group statistically ( P < 0.05 ). Conclusion The labeling efficiency was high and the ability of BMSCs' proliferation and differentiation into liver cells was not affected at16.8 mg/L of Feridex,so it may be the most suitable concentration for labeling.

Key words:
Feridex;  Bone marrow stem cells;  Biology


Abstract : The optimal control model for pilot/vehicle systems has been modified to allow a different treatment of motor related sources of pilot randomness. Specifically, the concept of 'pseudo motor noise' has been implemented to provide a model parameter related more directly to uncertainties about the pilot's control input; this noise is treated as a disturbance on control rate. The revised model is able to provide a good match to low frequency 'phase droop' and to other measures of system performance and pilot response for previously explored tracking tasks. Data obtained in an AMRL experimental study of roll axis tracking are analyzed. The effects of motion cues on tracking performance are modeled by (1) an increment of 0.05 seconds to the pilot time delay, and (2) inclusion of sensory variables that are likely to be provided by motion cues (position, rate, and acceleration of the vehicle roll angle in these experiments).


Conventional vehicles tend to consume considerable amounts of fuel, which generates exhaust gases and environmental pollution during intermittent driving cycles. Therefore, prospective vehicle designs favor improved exhaust emissions and energy consumption without compromising vehicle performance. Although pure electric vehicles feature high performance and low pollution characteristics, their limitations are their short driving range and high battery costs. Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) are comparatively environmentally friendly and energy efficient, but cost substantially more compared with conventional vehicles. Hydraulic hybrid vehicles (HHVs) are mainly operated using engines, or using alternate combinations of engine and hydraulic power sources while vehicles accelerate. When the hydraulic system accumulator is depleted, the conventional engine reengages; concurrently, brake-regenerated power is recycled and reused by employing hydraulic motor–pump modules in circulation patterns to conserve fuel and recycle brake energy. This study adopted MATLAB Simulink to construct complete HHV and HEV models for backward simulations. New European Driving Cycles were used to determine the changes in fuel economy. The output of power components and the state-of-charge of energy could be retrieved. Varying power component models, energy storage component models, and series or parallel configurations were combined into seven different vehicle configurations: the conventional manual transmission vehicle, series hybrid electric vehicle, series hydraulic hybrid vehicle, parallel hybrid electric vehicle, parallel hydraulic hybrid vehicle, purely electric vehicle, and hydraulic-electric hybrid vehicle. The simulation results show that fuel consumption was 21.80% lower in the series hydraulic hybrid vehicle compared to the series hybrid electric vehicle; additionally, fuel consumption was 3.80% lower in the parallel hybrid electric vehicle compared to the parallel hydraulic hybrid vehicle. Furthermore, the hydraulic–electric hybrid vehicles consumed 11.4% less electricity than the purely electric vehicle did. The simulations indicated that hydraulic-electric hybrid vehicle could provide the best energy cost among all the configurations studied.


Rapid growth of buildings energy consumption puts the focus to improve energy efficiency by building engineers and operators. Energy management through forecasting approaches using machine-learning algorithms is an increasing research domain. Most of algorithms focus on predicting energy consumption when a considerable amount of past-observed data exist.  In this paper, we focus on the case when small amount of available data exist and the amount of data increases incrementally by time. Artificial Neural Networks used as the learning algorithm take as the training data mini batches of different sizes. Algorithm is evaluated on different batch sizes and compared to baseline learner.


Infrastructure systems in the US are in an urgent need of maintenance and rehabilitation. According to the most recent factsheet published by the American Society of Civil Engineers, one of the top five infrastructure concerns of today in the US is transportation systems. The major challenge facing maintenance managers in state Departments of Transportation (DOTs) today is to preserve the road networks at an acceptable level of serviceability subject to the stringent yearly maintenance and rehabilitation (M&R) budgets. Maintenance managers must allocate such limited budgets among competing alternatives. Absence of decision-making tools exacerbates the matter. This paper presents the development and implementation of a network-level pavement maintenance optimization model, which is established with the application of the Linear Programming algorithm and is subject to budget constraints and the agencies' pavement performance goals in terms of total lane-miles in each pavement condition state. A decision-making tool is developed using Frontline Systems' Premium Solver add-in for Microsoft Office Excel. This decision-making tool can compute the optimal amount of investment for each pavement treatment type in a given funding period. Pavement condition data pertaining to the Salem District within the Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) is used to test the model presented herein. Within this context, nine treatment types along with their corresponding unit prices ($/Lane-Mile), five pavement condition states, pavement deterioration rates, VDOT's pavement performance goals, and available annual maintenance budget for the next fifteen years are defined. The results show that the network-level optimization model developed herein yields more efficient pavement maintenance programming than that obtained from the manual budget allocation process.


Abstract This article is a response to Allan Luke's [(2018). Critical literacy, schooling, and social justice: The selected works of Allan Luke. New York, NY: Routledge] provocation to "join an international, intercultural and peer-conversation" about the imaginings and possibilities of "an education for critical literacies" (p. xii). Using Edward Said's [(1983). The world, the text, and the critic. Cambridge: Harvard University Press] "traveling theory" to reflect on my own engagement with critical literacy over time, place and space, I stitch together an account of how I mobilized critical literacy within the challenging national contexts of Hong Kong and Singapore after first encountering critical literacy in Australia with Allan Luke. Finally, drawing on emerging theories of postcritique (e.g. Anker, E. S., and Felski, R. (Eds.) (2017). Anker, E. S., and Felski, R. (Eds.) Critique & postcritique. Durham: Duke University Press; Felski, R. (2015). The limits of critique. Chicago: University of Chicago Press; Moi, T. (2017). Revolution of the ordinary: Literacy studies after Wittgenstein, Austin, and Cavell. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press), I explore how top-down, "methods" frameworks in critical literacy might be re-oriented towards more radical and inquiry-based approaches, resisting the imposition of artificial limits to critical literacy pedagogy.


Aims  Under‐reporting of diabetes on death certificates contributes to the unreliable estimates of mortality as a result of diabetes. The influence of obesity on mortality in Type 2 diabetes is not well documented. We aimed to study mortality from diabetes and the influence of obesity on mortality in Type 2 diabetes in a large cohort selected from the General Practice Research Database (GPRD).


This article describes the work of the working group appointed by BSI sub-committee B/517/1/1 'Durability of concrete', to investigate the requirements of CEN prestandard prEN206 Concrete for concrete in aggressive soils and groundwater. The report of the working group was used as input into EN206 and BS8500, the complementary British Standard that is to be published. The scope of work was essentially to consider constituent materials and their combination with respect to durability in an aggressive environment. The group identified two main tasks : - to consider the classes of exposure and limiting values, - to consider the requirements for concrete to resist the classes of exposure.


Background: Pericardial effusion is encountered by all the medical specialities. Supervision of these patients is the combined responsibility of cardiologists and the surgeons. In the present study, we compared the outcome and prognosis of the patients with symptomatic pericardial effusions when treated with percutaneous pericardial catheter drainage and with open surgical pericardial drainage. Materials & Methods: The present study included retrospective analysis of the patient's data and medical records of the consecutive cases of symptomatic pericardial effusion that underwent drainage at Rama Medical College Hospital & Research Centre, Hapur, Uttar Pradesh, India. All the patients were divided into two broad groups. Group 1 consisted of 92 patients who were treated with open surgical pericardial drainage and group 2 consisted of 144 patients who were treated with percutaneous pericardial catheter drainage. All the results were analyzed by SPSS software. Results: Retreatment was done in 3.1 percent of the patients in group 1 while among group 2 patients; retreatment was required in 29.2 percent of the individuals. The results were found to be statistically significant. Conclusion: Although both the techniques have their own advantages and disadvantages, in patients with symptomatic pericardial effusion, however, in comparison with pericardiocentesis, a lower recurrence rate was found to be associated with surgical pericardial drainage.


Compared with the previous standards, the coding efficiency and coding performance of H.264/AVC are improved at the cost of higher computational complexity. Intel® Wireless MMX TM technology has been designed to accelerate mobile multimedia and applications processing in a power efficient manner. The target plan is to improve the H.264 implementation on Wireless MMX TM technology. Experiments show that the coding performance of the optimized encoder is improved effectively with a little loss in PSNR and video sequences with QCIF resolution can be encoded in real time.


Catalysis of cure reaction between N‐methylaniline‐blocked polyisocyanate and hydroxyl‐terminated polybutadiene was investigated using a variety of tertiary amine and organotin catalysts. The catalytic activity of amine and organotin compounds was determined from the cure‐time results. It was found that the activity of the catalyst depends upon the steric constrain around the catalytic center. The organotin compounds showed higher catalytic activity than the amine catalysts. FTIR results obtained under isothermal condition revealed that DABCO selectively catalyze the urethane formation reaction, whereas DBTDL catalyze both the allophanate formation and urethane formation reactions during curing process. The synergistic effect of amine and organotin mixed catalysts on the cure reaction was also investigated.


Taking the bending stiffness, static sag, and geometric non_linearity into consideration, the space nonlinear vibration partial differential equations were derived. The partical differential equations were discretized in space by finite center difference approximation, then the nonlinear ordinal differential equations were obtained. A hybrid method involving the combination of the Newmark method and the pseudo_force strategy was proposed to analyze the nonlinear transient response of the inclined cable_dampers system subjected to arbitrary dynamic loading. As an example, two typical stay cables were calculated by the present method. The results reveal both the validity and the deficiency of the viscoelasticity damper for vibration control of stay cables. The efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method is also verified by comparing the results with those obtained by using Runge_Kutta direct integration technique. A new time history analysis method is provided for the research on the stay cable vibration control.


Ammonia synthesis and decomposition have been performed over a doublypromoted (Al2O3, CaO) and a triply promoted (Al2O3, CaO, K2O) fused iron catalyst at atmospheric pressure. Additionally, the temperature-programmed surface reaction (TPSR) of Nadswith H2has been studied over both catalysts. No effect of potassium on the turnover frequency of NH3synthesis was found. On the contrary, a significant fivefold increase in the rate of NH3decomposition in the presence of potassium was observed. The effect was found to be strongly dependent on the concentration of NH3in the gas phase. The promoting mechanism of potassium is discussed in relation to the surface structure of the catalyst under varying operating conditions.


The utility model discloses an electronic toilet bowl capable of monitoring blood sugar in a noninvasive mode. The electronic toilet bowl capable of monitoring the blood sugar in a noninvasive mode comprises a big rear cover, a sitting cover and a sitting circle, and further comprises a noninvasive blood sugar monitoring module and a blood sugar displaying module. The noninvasive blood sugar monitoring module comprises a controller, inducing electrodes and an inducing signal line, wherein the controller is arranged on one side of the electronic toilet bowl and is provided with a control main board; two inducing electrodes are respectively arranged on two sides of the upper surface of the sitting circle, and are of turning structures; the blood sugar displaying module is a liquid crystal display (LCD) screen and is arranged on the controller; after the inducing electrodes contact skin and perceive signals, the signals are transmitted to the control main board through the inducing signal line and are analyzed, an result is converted and displayed on the LCD in a digital mode, and therefore the purpose of conveniently and accurately monitoring the blood sugar in a noninvasive mode is achieved.


The dynamic range is an important indicator of the overall performance of the radar receiver, whose value determines the tracking and controlling distance and the anti-interference ability of the TTC radar. On the basis of the description of receiver and its digitization types, the dynamic range extension methods of a shipborne C-band TTC radar receiver were studied in this paper, the basic principle, the meaning of the dynamic range, as well as the effect factors of the dynamic range were analyzed, at last, the extension methods were put forward.


A simple general expression for the width of a Fresnel zone in a smooth inhomogeneous environment is derived. In a stratified environment at long range, the general expression is shown to reduce approximately to one that is proportional to √|α|r(R−r)/f, where α is the ray stability parameter, f is the acoustic frequency, r is the range to the field point of interest, and R is the source‐to‐receiver range. In a stratified environment on which a weak perturbation is superimposed, at long range the width of a bundle of micromultipaths is shown to be approximately proportional to |α|√r(R−r). Thus, at long range both the diffractive and scattering contributions to ''the width of a ray'' are proportional to √r(R−r) and increase with increasing |α|. Theoretical predictions are shown to agree well with travel time sensitivity kernel calculations. [Work supported by ONR.]


ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of open reduction and internal fixation for calcaneal fracture.MethodsSixteen cases of patients were treated with open reduction and Reconstruction plate fixation.most of them supplemented by autogenous bone grafting.ResultsSixteen patients were followed up from 7-36 months(18 months on average),Bohler angle was from 17.3° to 36.8°.The clinical results were evaluated according to Maryland Foot Score,excellent results achieved in 9 cases,good in 4,fair in 2,poor in 1,excellent and good rate was 81%.ConclusionsThe open reduction and internal fixation with calcaneal anatomical plate and is effective for fracture of calcaneus.


Sexual and gender minorities have unique health disparities when compared to others. These adverse health outcomes are due to a minority stress created by discrimination, prejudice and stigmatization within the cultures of these marginalized groups. The gender and heteronormativity beneath the societies along with the health care systems around the world nourish the discrimination against sexual and gender minorities. Nurses as health care professionals participating extensively in the care of patients can have a significant impact on the care provided. Especially prejudiced attitudes can transfer negatively to the care provided for sexual and gender minorities. The aim of this study was to explore nursing students' attitudes towards sexual and gender minorities. The purpose was to enhance the understanding of the existing attitudes as well as enhance the acknowledgement of different perspectives. The aim was to provide information that could be used to assess the current nursing curriculum from the perspective of permissive education and to support culturally competent care of sexual and gender minorities. The study was executed as a literature review. The data search was conducted in the following two databases: JYKDOK and Cinahl. Four papers were chosen to be included in the review. The data analysis resulted in three main findings: permissive, intolerant and cultural attitudes. Nursing students were found to have rather negative attitudes towards sexual and gender minorities although a change to a more positive direction could be seen in the recent studies. The results of the review highlighted the need for further studies that would assess the current nursing curriculum and culturally sensitive education in order to enhance cultural competency among nursing students.


The Oxford Handbook of Music and Advertising assembles an array of forty-two pathbreaking chapters on the production, texts, and reception of advertising through music. Uniquely interdisciplinary, the collection's tripartite structure leads the reader through these stages in the communication of the advertising message as presented by Chris Wharton (2015). The chapters on production study the factors, activities, and people behind the music for the marketing pitch, both past and present. Prominent throughlines in the section include factors influencing the selection of music (and musicians) for advertising, the role of music in corporate branding strategies, the creative forces behind the soundscape of advertising, and industry practices that undergird all aspects of music in commercial contexts. The section on Text focuses on analytic and historical approaches to ads in various media, and includes commentaries on musical genres in ads ranging from Western European art music to American popular genre. Also covered in this section is ad music as used in different ad genres, such as political ads, public service announcements, and television commercials. The analyses used in this section draws from traditional music theory, semiotics, and hermeneutic analysis. Finally, the last section addressing "Reception"—with contributions by researchers in psychology, marketing, and other fields—involves the formulation of models and theories, and implementation of research methods to examine how the presence of music may influence peoples' attitudes, emotions, thoughts, and behaviors in the context of advertisements and within service environments such as stores, restaurants, and banks. The editors and chapter contributors of this book bring a diversity of perspectives to the topic but share a united aim: to illuminate music's vital contribution to the advertising message.


Mustard has been in use as a counter-irritant for many centuries, but it is astonishing how few physicians are acquainted with its excellent properties as a counter-irritant in the treatment of capillary bronchitis and bronchopneumonia in infants and children. Most doctors content themselves with the use of some patented, odoriferous kaolin or clay paste. These patented pastes have many disadvantages. In the first place, they hinder by their weight free respiratory movement; second, their action is entirely insufficient; third, they may cause a severe dermatitis by blocking up the openings of the sebaceous glands. I am acquainted with one case in which an erysipelas was directly traced to the application of one of these patented pastes. The value of counter-irritants in the treatment of capillary bronchitis in children has been amply demonstrated. Mustard is one of the simplest and most active of counter-irritants and one to whose efficacy in this


The article touches on the subject of space as a place, image and inspiration for psychological change. This is important for artists who are creatively observing and designing space so that they can create not only a place in the inner world, but also in the [outer] one. The art of designing and observing space can become a rite of passage (initiation). A ceremony in which the liminal space plays a central role – a place of transformation, waiting, being on the doorstep, in the transition between the present life and some new unknown form, "being in between" (betwixt and between). This is where the core of myself, my own self, my home in me, is revealed. Photography can become an image and assistant of the rite of passage, analogous to the process of psychotherapy. The article presents the author's photographs of liminal space, which, by illustrating the threshold, "being in between", "both this and that", inspire the described "multi-point", or rather "spatial", perception of the world and myself.


A Multiplexed Model Predictive Control (MMPC) scheme with Quadratic Dissipativity Constraint (QDC) for interconnected systems is presented in this paper. A centralized MMPC is designed for the global system, wherein the controls of subsystems are updated sequentially to reduce the computational time. In MMPC, the global state vector of the interconnected system is required by the optimization. The QDC is converted into an enforced stability constraint for the MMPC as an alternative to the terminal constraint and terminal cost in this approach. The nominal recursive feasibility for the global system and the iterative feasibility for the local subsystems are obtained via set operations on the invariant sets. The admissible sets for the control inputs are obtained and employed in this approach for the QDC-based stability constraint. The set operations are speed up by multiple magnitudes thanks to the implementation of multiplexed inputs in MMPC. Numerical simulations with Automatic Generation Control (AGC) in power systems having tie-lines demonstrate the theoretical development.


The invention discloses an application of citrobacter freundii in electricity generation by microorganism and an electricity generation method. The citrobacter freundii is taken as anode catalyst of the microbiological fuel cell to be applied to electricity generation by microorganism. The electricity generation method comprises preparing citrobacter freundii to be as inoculum for microbiological fuel cell; preparing catholyte and anolyte containing fuel; adding the inoculum for microbiological fuel cell into the anode chamber of the microbiological fuel cell, standing for culturing, and carrying out electricity generation detection. The invention opens up a new application field for citrobacter freundii and provides a new highly adaptable electrogenesis microorganism. The citrobacter freundii LY-3 is easy to culture, and the electrogenesis is high with various organism electrogenesis utilized.


* Co-first authors. Received March 1, 2015; Accepted April 15, 2015; Epub May 1, 2015; Published May 15, 2015 Abstract: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating problem of health. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is glucose- dependent insulinotropic hormone. Exendin-4 is the longacting GLP-1 receptor agonist that used as an anti-diabetic drug. Recent studies demonstrated exendin-4 has a series of beneficial neuroprotective properties. This study was designed to assess the neuroprotective effects of exendin-4 against spinal cord injury. 72 rats were randomly di- vided into three groups as follows: sham operation group, SCI group, and exendin-4 group (intraperitoneal injection of exendin-4 at 10 µg/rat immediately after SCI). First, a decrease of malodialdehyde (MDA) levels and an increase of glutathione (GSH) levels in the exendin-4 group demonstrated the anti-oxidation effect of exendin-4. Further, the preservation of mitochondrial membrane potential (∆Ψm) and the reduction of cytochrome c release suggested the protection for mitochondria. Moreover, a decline of the expression level of Bax, Bcl-2 and caspase-3 and the results of TUNEL staining indicated its anti-apoptosis role. Finally, behavioral assessment with Basso Beattle Bresnahan locomotor rating scale (BBB) showed that animals in exendin-4 group achieved a significant increase in BBB scores. Our results suggest that exendin-4 prevents against SCI-induced mitochondrial apoptotic pathway and contributes to functional improvement after SCI.


Skeletal statuses of the spine form a essential and important part of postures. The aim of this study is investigation of lordosis and kyphosis disorders in three age's group of female and their relation with some of physical factors. Sample in three age's group were stage_randomly selected (N= 190, age: 11-14_ N= 180, age: 15-18_ N= 150, age: 19-23). After justifying the subjects, their height, weight, flexibility of muscle of lumbar spine, strength - endurance of muscle of abdomen and deformities (lordosis and kyphosis) measured with measuring tools such as measuring tap, flexible ruler, konometer, etc. The statistics method that used in research include: descriptive method (Frequenci and percent) and for correlation used Pearson's test (α≤0.05). Data analysis showed that in 1, 2 and 3 groups respectively 36.64, 13.09% and 16% have lordosis deformity and 29.81%, 22.02% and 10% have kyphosis deformity and 6%, 18% and 12% have kypholordosis deformity. There is not significant relation between lordosis and strength - endurance of muscle of abdomen and between lordosis and flexibility of muscle of lumbar spine in all three age's group of female. There is significant relation between lordosis and kyphosis in female with ages two and tree but this relation is not significant in female with ages one statistically. The results show that girls student in one group rather than upper two groups have upper lordosis and kyphosis and lower kypholordosis. The most important reason for explain this result is that, this subjects are in maturation ages and there is imbalance in their skeletal grow and their strength - endurance of muscles.


The subject I am just beginning to talk about, is probably the most difficult and debatable topic during more than 35 years of my scholarly career. To solve adequately or at least approximately the question of "melancholy" in two parts of the world, that is Europe and China, is certainly not possible in the contemporary state of research, and even to try it, could be characterized as an adventure. One should have the "measures" of the bird Peng [1] from the book Zhuangzi [2], which "with a back like Mount Tai and wings like clouds filling the sky"1 would roam through the space under the blue and grey skies of the Eurasian continent to study variegated processes within the broad frameworks encompassing that which our Western world labelled as melancholia, mélancolia, Melancholie, melenconie, malinconia, acedia, tristitia, tristesse, etc., just to name a few terms, concerned with this concept, and be good in or to understand enough from the ancient Greek and Roman philosophy, medicine, psychology,


The measurement of head-related transfer function(HRTF) with high directional density requests high precision in sound source position.A sound source orientated system with high accuracy and corresponding error correction procedure are needed.In this paper,a FASTRAK electromagnetic pursue tracer is used to calibrate the error of high precision HRTF measurement orientated system.The spatial resolution of FASTRAK can arrive at 0.01°,and static state precision is 0.15°.After calibrating the directional precision,the error of sound source azimuth is controled within 0.1°±0.15°.The minimal azimuth interval of HRTF to be measured in the work is 2.5°,so that the directional accuracy of the designed system meets the requirement of the measurement.


It is designed a pair of 5 m whip antenna for antenna arrays, the integrated use of a centralized method of loading and top loading, which is reducing the sensitivity of the antenna impedance versus frequency and using the moment method and genetic algorithm to load the network number so that the location load resistance element can be to optimize the design, and the actual production of the antenna test results are consistent with the simulation results, and the test results show that the antenna VSWR within 5 ~ 20MHz frequency range of less than 2.5.


This paper compares the road standards set down in a sample of local government subdivision codes and discusses their implications. The proposed new guidelines are discussed briefly and the need to define planning objectives is highlighted.


In this paper, a general verification architecture for DRAM memory controllers is proposed. The proposed verification architecture is based on universal verification methodology (UVM) which makes use of the common features between different DRAM memory controllers to generate common and configurable scoreboard, sequences, stimulus, different UVM components, payload and test-cases. The proposed verification architecture uses minimum number of macros, methods and classes. The proposed verification architecture provides high reusability for UVM tests.


Ultrasound tongue imaging is widely used in clinical linguistics and phonetics. Recently, deep neural networks, especially convolutional neural networks, have been widely used in the interpretation and analysis of ultrasound tongue images (UTI). Despite achieving satisfactory performance, deep models rely on a large amount of manually labeled data, which is often difficult to obtain in practical settings. To address this issue, this paper focuses on how to utilize a large amount of unlabeled UTI data to improve the performance of UTI classification task. Specifically, we explore self-supervised learning with masking modeling strategy. By predicting the masked part, our pre-trained model enables the neural network to infer contextual information. Then, we fine-tune the pre-trained model with a small amount of labeled data. Compared with the previous competing algorithms, our method can improve the classification accuracy by an average of 13.33% in four different scenarios.


The reaction of Mn(II), Zn(II), and Ni(II) perchlorate with 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethane (bpe) was studied and the products were characterized by IR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction methods. The zinc and nickel compounds are isomorphous with a metal-bpe molar ratio of 1:4, while the manganese compound is quite different with a Mn-bpe ratio of 1:5. [Mn(μ-bpe)(H2O)4](ClO4)2·4(bpe)·2H2O (1) is monoclinic, C2/c, with a = 30.141(7), b = 13.993(4), c = 19.765(4) A, β = 129.41(1)°, and R = 0.059. The Mn atom is located on an inversion centre and forms an infinite chain with the bridged bpe ligand. The four other bpe molecules are hydrogen-bonded to the aqua ligands and form an extensive H-bonded interpenetrating 3D network. The bonds Mn-N = 2.316(3) A and Mn-OH2 = 2.148(4) and 2.178(3) A. [Zn(μ-bpe)(bpe)2(H2O)2](ClO4)2·bpe·H2O (2) crystallized in the P21/c space group, with a = 14.609(4), b = 21.164(5), c = 16.482(5) A, β = 114.69(2)°, and R = 0.058. For [Ni(μ-bpe)(bpe)2(H2O)2](ClO4)2·bpe·H2O (3), a = 14.511(6), b...


The proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α exerts its pleiotropic functions through activation of multiple downstream effectors, including JNK1. Yet, the underlying regulatory mechanism is incompletely understood. Here, we report that the transcription factor Myc-interacting zinc-finger protein 1 (Miz1) selectively suppresses TNF-α-induced JNK1 activation and cell death independently of its transcription activity. Proteomics analysis and yeast two-hybrid screening reveal that Miz1 is a JNK-associated protein. The TNF-α-induced activation of JNK1 is augmented in Miz1-deficient mouse embryonic fibroblasts (Miz1−/− MEFs), but the augmentation is abrogated by reintroduction of Miz1 or its transcription-deficient mutant. The regulation by Miz1 is highly specific, because it regulates TNF-α-induced TRAF2 K63-linked polyubiquitination. Neither JNK1 activation by IL-1β or UV nor TNF-α-induced activation of p38, ERK, or IκB kinase complex is affected by the loss of Miz1. The TNF-α-induced cell death also is accelerated in Miz1−/− MEFs. Upon TNF-α stimulation, Miz1 is degraded rapidly by the proteasome, relieving its suppression on JNK1 activation. Thus, our results show that in addition to being a transcription factor Miz1 acts as a signal- and pathway-specific modulator or regulator that specifically regulates TNF-α-induced JNK1 activation and cell death.


ontological determinants of human experience in terms of which religious knowledge (as well as other types of knowledge) can become an ontic possibility? The formulation of our question suggests that the question of knowing is inseparable from the question of being and that any ontic analysis of the sources, methods, and criteria of the special types of knowledge presupposes an ontological understanding of the conditions which make human knowledge possible. Knowledge presupposes being. Cognitive attitudes and methodological procedures, if they are to be anything more than arbitrary constructions, are referential to regions or orders of being and intentional structures within these orders which determine their adequacy or legitimacy of application. The order of matter, for example (independent now of the question concerning its nature and status), as circumscribing the province of the physical sciences, has a peculiar propriety for experimental investigation and quantitative analysis. And, strictly defined, the scientific method possesses precisely this character. Logical empiricism, more than any other contemporary philosophical movement, has concerned itself with a clarification of the methods and criteria of meaning which are applicable to scientific knowledge and has emerged with some notable (and probably noteworthy) results. The logical empiricist argues that the meaning and truth of logical statements are rooted in the criterion of rational intelligibility. Logical propositions, or what Hume had already referred to as relations of ideas, are true if their denial entails a contradiction. "A square has four sides" or "all bachelors are males" is a logical truth which carries meaning by virtue of its self-evident character. Empirical state* Calvin O. Schrag is currently an associate professor of philosophy at Purdue University. He was formerly a teaching fellow at Harvard University and a visiting lecturer in philosophy at the University of Illinois (1959-60). He holds the degrees of B.A. (Bethel College, Newton, Kansas) ; B.D. (Yale Divinity School); and Ph.D. (Harvard University). He is the author of Existence and Freedom: Towards an Ontology of Human Finitude, published by Northwestern University Press in 1961. He has also served on a staff of twenty distinguished American scholars who compiled and edited Masterpieces of World Philosophy in Summary Form, published in 1961. In addition, he has contributed articles to such scholarly periodicals as Revue internationale de philosophie; Dialectics; Review of Metaphysics; Ethics; the Personalist; the Journal of Religious Thought; and the Modern Schoolman. This past summer a research grant from the Purdue Research Foundation sent him to the Sorbonne in Paris and the University of Louvain, Belgium, to study contemporary European phenomenology in the Edmund Husserl archives.


We assess, through numerical simulation, the dependence of the variance of the inter-core crosstalk (ICXT) and the maximum allowable ICXT level on the design parameters of coherent detection MCF systems. The analysed design parameters are the order of the quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) signals, roll-off factor, time misalignment between the signal in different cores and skew between cores. The results show that, when the roll-off factor is 0, the maximum allowable ICXT level is independent of the skew and decreases for higher QAM orders. For a roll-off factor of 1, the maximum allowable ICXT level depends on the skew and time misalignment of core signals. In this case, the maximum allowable ICXT level increases by 3.6 dB relative to the case of roll-off factor of 0 with null skew, and by 2 dB, when the skew is much higher than the symbol period.


Abstract The Environment Agency has accepted the need for public participation in decisions concerning river management in keeping with Agenda 21 concerns for environmental policies that command a good measure of public support. In the past, public participation has often relied upon consultations involving formal meetings with interest groups and local politicians. Methods of public consultation are changing. In tapping public opinion the Environment Agency now relies less on public meetings and increasingly more on a direct approach and involvement of the public. Research at Middlesex University is part of the attempt to provide opportunities for the representation of views of the lay public to be considered within the management of rivers and river corridors. The research has used surveys of representative samples of members of the public, often at riverside sites. This paper reports on some of the research projects that have developed on these themes, and analyses the implications of their results for...


We propose quantum tree network (QTN) designs that are 1) free from congestion in multiflow communications, 2) optimal routing with only local information (self-information) and 3) completely covers 2D surface, 4) with only logarithmic overhead. If the channel is dominated by the insertion loss and the communication is limited by the local gates, as in current state-of-the-art technologies, the overhead is log(N), while this is relaxed to the general cases with poly-log overhead by engaging repeater chains in the long range communication.


[Objective] To explore the therapeutic efficacy and its effect on the absorption of inflammatory material of Maqin Kechuan mistura in treating Asthma. [Methods] The influence of Maqin Kechuan mistura on clinical symptom, pulmonary function, airway reactivity, ET and NO levels of serum in patients with asthma. [Results] The mistura could improve the clinical symptom of the patients markedly, improve the pulmonary function, decrease the airway reactivity and the level of ET and NO in serum. [Conclusions] Maqin Kechuan composition has antagonistic effect on the releasing of the inflammatory material. It can decrease asthma episode, lessen its degree through inhibiting the initiating factor. Maqin Kechuan mistura has definite effect in treating airway chronic inflammation and asthma.


Effects of porosity level and pore morphology on the isotropic elastic responses of unpoled porous PZT 95/5-2Nb ferroelectric ceramic are characterized using a simple isotropic elastic response model giving relations between the average stresses and strains of the porous ceramic and the solid matrix surrounding the pores. The model parameters depend on the elastic properties of the solid ceramic material, volume fraction of pores, and two additional material properties that reflect the composition and microstructure of the composite material. Measurements of the effective bulk modulus and shear modulus of the porous ceramic, with corresponding expressions for these quantities from the response model, allow characterization of the additional material properties. It is found that the two material properties reflecting the effect of pore morphology and grain size on the elastic response of unpoled porous PZT 95/5-2Nb ferroelectric ceramics can be expressed in a form that depends explicitly on the porosity level and two parameters dependent solely on the pore morphology and ceramic grain size. Two applications of the model are presented: a simple prediction of the effective bulk modulus and shear modulus for the porous ceramic as a function of porosity for the pore morphologies and grain sizes examined, and a prediction of the effective volume strains, including effects due to the ferroelectric to antiferroelectric phase transformation, for the various ceramics during hydrostatic pressurization.


Contents: The Ins and Outs of Translation: A Puzzling Crosslinguistic Riddle - Stepping up from the Bottom Level: The Translation of Words - Multi-word Structures: Translating Phraseological Units (PUs) - Above the Word: The Translation of Grammar - Beyond the Sentence: Exploring the Notion of Context.


In wireless sensor networks, fault-tolerant and energy efficiency are two important topics. Some link failures may happen during data transmission. In this paper, we propose a fault-tolerant and energy efficient multipath-routing (FEEM) scheme aided with channel coding and interleaver, which is a cross-layer design approach. For multipath selection, we propose an energy and mobility-aware geographical multipath routing (EM-GMR) scheme, which is based on fuzzy logic system considering the remaining battery capacity, mobility, and distance to the destination node. Simulation results show that our EM-GMR scheme can extend the network lifetime longer than the original geographical routing scheme which only considers distance to the destination location, and this scheme can reduce the frame loss rate and link failure rate since mobility is considered. We demonstrate that even if certain paths have failures, our FEEM scheme is still able to recover the transmitted message from failure with very low bit error rate and frame error rate


Large amounts of industrial hazardous waste (IHW) are generated with the rapid economicgrowth in Chongqing Municipality. The generation of IHW was 355994.12t in 2010 and made up 1.25% of industrial solid waste (ISW). Huge varieties and complex components of IHW make it difficulty in its management, which causing serious environmental problems. In this paper, the status of IHW generation, disposal and management was analyzed from 2006 to 2010. Moreover, the pollution prevention measures are proposed for the purpose of protecting the ecological environment


The safety and efficacy of a novel family of quadripolar left ventricular (LV) pacing leads designed to pace from nonapical regions of the LV with low pacing capture thresholds was studied in patients undergoing implantation of a cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator (CRT‐D).


The grab's resistance, loads and the trace of grab's edge in the course the grab grubs the bulk cargo are analyzed. The capability of grab is calculated with VB. The static strength and buckling of grab is analyzed with ANSYS. The whole course of designing the parameters of grab's structure is introduced.


This paper discusses the challenges of teaching and design of Embedded System course. A survey on different approaches of teaching embedded systems design course was presented. The embedded system design class/course is often the course in which students are exposed to fairly complex design problems. In this study, the authors explained the importance of teaching embedded systems courses in a way that can shrink the gap between academically taught skills and the skills sought after by the industry. The literature on embedded systems design was found to be diverse, including relatively scarce research data and much larger amount of evaluation literature. Many studies were found but only few of them were discussed in this paper because of lack of methodological rigour in the research and poorly developed outcome measures.