ABSTARCT Leaf traits are analyzed as essential drivers for the evolutionary and ecological role of plant defense mechanisms. Plants show leaf trait variation as a response to the diverse environmental conditions, like different successional stages. Those variations can impact leaf herbivory rates and drive changes in the allocation of plant resources. In this study, we aimed at comparing the expression of leaf defenses in established plants over different successional stages in a tropical dry forest to understand how these defenses modify the plant–herbivore interactions based on herbivory rates. We analyzed physical leaf traits (specific leaf area, thickness, and density), nutrient content (N, P, and K), total phenolic compounds, and leaf herbivory, of the native tree species Aspidosperma pyrifolium and Cenostigma pyramidale, in early- and late-successional stage areas. Results showed that the plant investment in defenses varies according to the successional stage and that both species have similar defense strategies, confirming the resource availability hypothesis. Individuals from the early stage adopt a strategy to lower sclerophylly, higher nutrient content and less phenolic compounds, while the late-stage individuals showed an opposite behaviour. For both species in this study, the average percentage of leaf herbivory observed was 40% higher in the early compared to the late-stage area. Our data indicate that plant defenses are tightly coupled to sclerophylly and investments in secondary metabolites, and the environmental conditions of different successional stage drive that plasticity in such leaf traits.


1. Greengrass R, Steele S, Moretti G, Grant S, Klein S, Nielsen K. Peripheral nerve blocks. In: Raj PP, ed. Textbook of Regional Anesthesia. Philadelphia, PA: Churchill Livingstone; 2002. pp.326-375. 2. Soares LG, Brull R, Lai J, Chan VW. Eight ball, corner pocket: the optimal needle position for ultrasound-guided supraclavicular block. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2007;32:94-95. 3. Samet R, Villamater E. Eight ball, corner pocket for ultrasound-guided supraclavicular block: high risk for a scratch. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2008;33:87. 4. Perlas A, Karkhanis R, Lo N, Lobo G, Chan V. Outcome after 275 consecutive ultrasound guided supraclavicular blocks. Anesthesiology 2007;107:A380. 5. Sites BD, Brull R, Chan VW, Spence BC, Gallagher J, Beach ML, Sites VR, Abbas S, Hartman GS. Artifacts and pitfall errors associated with ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia. Part II: A pictorial approach to understanding and avoidance. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2007;32:419-433.


The spectrum TlBr has been photographed in absorption and in emission from 3400 to 4500 A. The analysis of the main band system 1 1Σ+ can be represented by the formula ν = 29191.5 + (108.32u' - 5.15u'2 -0.22u'3) - (192.10u'' - 0.39u''2), where u = ν + ½. A very small but intense band system occurs, in emission only, at 3950 A. The lower state of this system is the upper state of the main system. Predissociation occurs in both systems, and the unstable levels responsible are the upper levels of continua at 1900 and 3300 A. Other continua occur at 2700 and 2960 A.


Thermodynamic quantities of elastic solids such as elastic constants, specific heats, coefficients of thermal expansion and Gruneisen parameters are analyzed and discussed by using the linearized macroscopic basic equations proposed in the former paper of the present series. Furthermore some coefficients which relate thermal vibrations of constituent atoms to temperature variation and strain are studied. Then the Helmholtz free energy of elastic solids is formulated explicitly.


Food security concerns are drawing more and more attention in Chinese society. As one of the most effective way for improving food quality and safety, how to promote logistics ability of the Cold-Chain enterprise has become an emergency issue. This paper aims to build a performance evaluation system for the cold-chain company based on the Chinese agri-food industry to analyze its strengths and weaknesses for improving its competitiveness. Improved Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation methods are blended to evaluate the performance of the target company in three steps. In the first step, rely on the AHP, with the literature review and the theory of the balanced score card method, the determination of evaluation criteria and the hierarchical structure of the evaluation index system are done. In the second step, the weights of each criterion are obtained through improved AHP and then an agri-food cold-chain logistics enterprises performance evaluation index system will be built. And, in the third step, the Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation method is used to evaluate the performance of the target company with the performance evaluation index system. Finally, a demonstration of the numerical example in Chinese agri-food industry is presented for better understanding. The proposed performance evaluation index system can assist managers to comprehensive comprehend the strengths and weaknesses of their agri-food cold-chain companies and could continuously improve the relevant cold-chain performance factors from the practice.


The issue of circumcision has been vigorously discussed throughout human
history. Discussions about its origin, history, purpose, and religious and
social meanings have been ongoing since the first human civilizations,
occurring within primitive tribes, slave-based societies, fortified cities,
slave kingdoms, and empires (e.g., the Roman Empire). The topic has been taken
up across feudal and modern kingdoms, and within modern capitalist and
socialist societies. For example, the Nazis stand out for having used
circumcision in their propaganda against Jews, and as an identifier to
segregate Jews from others during their extermination. However, despite such
prolonged and vigorous discussion, no consensus has been reached on the issue.
Many well-based explanations for specific aspects of circumcision have been
advanced (e.g., its origin, history, purpose, and religious and social
meanings), yet each has contradicted the others. The aim of this paper is to
determine the most plausible explanations for circumcision, within the context
of various forms of genital manipulations that have been conducted across human
history. It is difficult to cover all aspects of this topic in a relatively
brief paper—indeed, it would also be difficult to cover the entire story in a
voluminous book. In addition to the evidence available from other sources,
special attention is paid to the passages from the Torah, the Old and New
Testaments of the Bible, and the Koran.


Basic research on coal conversion is essential if the U.S. is to utilize its vast resources of coal and, in particular, if Eastern high-sulfur coal is to be used in environmentally sound ways. A coal conversion industry that will have acceptable products in the marketplace by the mid-1980s will require basic research on the molecular structure of coal, the dynamics of coal liquefaction and gasification, the behavior of catalysts during conversion, and the mechanics of methanation. Gaps in engineering knowledge include how to use coal in reactors, how to reduce carbon loss, and how to remove ash. A larger economic data base is also needed before utilities and industry can determine which systems are reliabile and operable. Mr. Thorne, Assistant Secretary for Energy Technology at DOE, believes we should focus on the ultimate customer in planning and funding research programs that will advance the state of coal conversion by looking farther ahead to a clearly defined ''third generation technology.'' A more businesslike approach and more selectivity in the allocation of research and development funds are needed, perhaps with an emphasis on multi-test facilities in the future.


Inadequate trophoblast invasion is thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia (PE). Shallow trophoblast invasion has been implicated to lead to placental hypoxia and a localised overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Interleukin (IL) 11 and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) are IL6-type cytokines produced at the maternal-fetal interphase and regulate human trophoblast migration/invasion, but their mechanisms of action are unknown. We aimed to determine the effect of hypoxia on human placental IL11/LIF secretion and the effect of IL11/LIF on placental cytokine secretion. As an in vitro model we cultured human first trimester placental villous explants (gestation weeks 7-9) in serum free conditions under either 2% (hypoxia) or 20% oxygen (normoxia) (N=8/gp) for 48h. Medium was assayed for IL11/LIF by ELISA. The effect of IL11/LIF (N=6/gp) on placental explant cytokine secretion (26 cytokines) was analysed using a quantitative multiplex immunoassay. Data was expressed as pg/mg wet weight and then as % change vs control (100%). IL11 secretion from explants was decreased by 76±5% (p<0.01) under hypoxia vs normoxia while LIF secretion did not differ significantly. Under normoxia the most highly abundant cytokines were IL6, IL8 and MCP-1 while moderate levels of G-CSF, CX3CL1, IP-10, and PGDF were present in conditioned medium. IL11 increased IL10 secretion while it decreased G-CSF, TNFa, IL1receptor antagonist (Ra), IL6 and PDGF secretion (p<0.05) vs control. Similarly LIF decreased G-CSF, TNFa, IL1Ra and additionally IL8 secretion (p<0.05) vs control. IL6 and VEGF secretion were increased (p<0.05) while MCP-1 was reduced (p<0.05) by hypoxia vs normoxia. This study identified for the first time that IL11 was reduced by hypoxia and identified a profile of cytokines secreted by placenta. IL11 and LIF regulated similar and unique anti-inflammatory cytokines in first trimester placenta. Whether placental IL11 or LIF is altered in women with PE remains to be elucidated however this study suggests mechanisms of action and confirms the importance of IL11/LIF in placentation.


The purpose of this study is to understand the Ar impurity transport process in the GAMMA 10/PDX. In the present study, the initial simulation using LINDA code and IMPGYRO code has been done to establish the basis of further understanding of the Ar impurity transport. The validity of the simulation model has been discussed by comparisons with those by the theoretical estimations of the friction force and the thermal force. The simulation results show that the Ar impurities with Z = 1 are transported towards the core region, since the thermal force dominates over the friction force under the present calculation conditions. The tendency does not contradict the experimental results and is reasonably explained by the theoretical prediction, i.e., the force balance between the thermal force and the friction force. The robust basis for further model validation and understanding of the Ar transport in the GAMMA 10/PDX has been established.


Tunneling spectroscopy of InAs nanocrystals deposited on graphite was measured using scanning tunneling microscopy, in a double-barrier tunnel-junction configuration. The effect of the junction symmetry on the tunneling spectra is studied experimentally and modeled theoretically. When the tip is retracted, we observe resonant tunneling through the nanocrystal states without charging. Charging is regained upon reducing the tip–nanocrystal distance, making the junction more symmetric. The effect of voltage distribution between the junctions on the measured spectra is also discussed.


This article proposes and justifies a new labor and employment law course that I call "Corporate Compliance in the Workplace." My goal was two-fold. First, I wanted to propose a course that moved away from the traditional silos of the workplace law curriculum — employment law, employment discrimination, and labor law. Because the practice of labor and employment law involves the interaction of all three areas of workplace law, I wanted to develop a course that would cover the material in a way that more accurately simulates the actual practice of labor and employment law. The second goal was to propose a course that would give students the practical skills that they often do not learn elsewhere in law school — non-litigation, transactional skills related to advising employers on the compliance with the vast body of workplace laws. This article includes a survey of how law schools across the country are teaching the workplace law curriculum, including which workplace law skills courses are currently being taught. It then identifies some of the issues that arise in the practice of labor and employment law that involve the interaction of all three areas of the traditional workplace law curriculum. Finally, this article introduces a template of what such a course might look like and which practical skills it would cover.


we know anything about Jesus, it is that he was crucified. We used to think that friction with Jewish leaders was ground for this fate and a claim of Messiahship was the excuse for Roman execution. But now Dr. Riddle has denied that there was this friction, as his colleague Professor Case has denied that there was this claim. Later Christians invented both. Why then was there the cross? The Christians did not invent that. Had Jesus or the Pharisees no part in instigating a Roman sentence?


Abstract Background: Argentina is a country with varying access to orthopedic surgical care. The Argentine Association of Trauma and Orthopedics (AATO) "Interior Committee" was developed to address potential regional differences and promote standardization of orthopedic trauma care. The paper assesses the level of national standardization of the management of open tibia fractures across 9 provinces in Argentina. Methods: Utilizing a matched-comparison group design, management of these injuries were assessed and compared between 3 groups: an "AATO Exterior Committee" consisting of surgeons that practice in Buenos Aires, and 2 "Interior Committees," comprising surgeons that practice in outlying provinces, 1 of which is affiliated with the AATO, and 1 that is not affiliated with the AATO. The study was conducted in 2 phases: phase 1 assessed open tibia fracture management characteristics, and phase 2 evaluated the management of soft-tissue wound coverage following open fractures. Results: Soft-tissue coverage procedures for Gustilo Anderson Type IIIB fractures were more commonly performed by orthopedic surgeons in Interior Committees than the AATO Exterior Committee. Greater rates of definitive wound coverage within 7 days post-injury were reported in both Interior Committees compared to the Exterior Committee. Plastic surgeons were reported as more available to those in the AATO Exterior Committee group than in the AATO Interior Committees. Conclusion: While treatment patterns were evident among groups, differences were identified in the management and timing of soft-tissue coverage in Gustilo Anderson Type IIIB fractures between the Exterior Committee and both Interior Committees. Future targeted educational and surgical hands-on training opportunities that emphasize challenges faced in resource-limited settings may improve the management of open tibia fractures in Argentina.


In Colorado, Canadian lynx (Lynx canadensis) have recently been reintroduced to areas where they once roamed. This highly controversial project brings to light some concerns about reintroduction efforts and humans' role in trying to control nature. Critics believe that it's hurried and ill-planned. Colorado represents the southernmost portion of the lynx's historical range. Lynx will be taken from Canada and, according to a willife manager (public meeting, October 1, 1998) in the Colorado Division of Wildlife (DOW), they'll be "dumped out" into a rather different ecosystem in Colorado with an expectation of at least 50% mortality, some due to starvation. John Seidel (DOW) views the reintroduction as "an experiment of sorts" (Boulder Camera, January 10, 1999). In the same article, Dale Reed (DOW) agrees that Colorado's plans are a gamble because of the possibility that there won't be enough food for translocated animals. Should such experiments be conducted with such poor odds of success? The reintroduction of lynx is justified by some people because the animals "will be killed anyway by trappers". This reasoning simply buys into a system that supports animal exploitation. Just because animals might be killed in one way doesn't justify killing them in other ways. Conservationists (and others) would be well-advised to think of better reasons to undertake reintroduction projects. Furthermore, additional lynx likely will have to be trapped in Canada to meet the demand for pelts. Thus, in addition to the death of translocated lynx, others will die to replace them. On January 5, 1999, a local news program showed lynx who were going to be translocated to Colorado struggling violently with trappers. Some trapping is being done by inexperienced trappers and lynx are escaping from traps. These facts raise numerous practical and ethical concersn. The importance of blending rigorous science and public support in reintroduction programs can't be emphasized too strongly. It's necessary to know if lynx show enough behavioral flexibility to allow them to adapt to exosystmes diffeing in climate, vegetation, and food resources. It's also essential that suitable habitat be protected indefinitely. Lynx are difficult to reintroduce in the best of conditions. A well-planned effort in New York State was unsuccessful and Swiss biologists have been working for years on a similar project. It's unethical and disingenuous to perform reintroduction experiments when it's believed at the start that half the animals will die. It's also unethical to undertake reintroduction programs simply to prevent species from being listed as endangered or threatened under the Endangered Species Act (ESA). When the ESA is invoked, local control over land use (for example) is trumped by federal control, and some people undersandably want to keep the federal Endangered Species


A Valeriana vanilla preparation for treating spastic pain of gallbladder, stomach and intestine, coronary heart disease and arrhythmia, and auxiliary therapy of tumor is prepared from the fresh or dried root of Valeriana vanilla through distilling to obtain volatile oil and residual dregs, being subjecting to clathration of the votatile oil with cyclodextrin, leaching residual dregs in high-concentration alcohol, filtering, concentration, drying to obtain dried extract, mixing it with volatile oil clathrate, and grinding, and features high curative effect and safety, and no toxicity.


The Omineca Belt between Nelson and Creston in southeastern British Columbia was affected by overlapping pulses of Mesozoic magmatism, metamorphism, and deformation. U–Pb geochronological data from zircon and monazite were collected by laser ablation – inductively coupled plasma – mass spectrometry (LA–ICP–MS) to constrain the timing of these events. The Porcupine Creek stock (162.3 ± 1.3 Ma) intruded across folds and fabrics associated with the earliest phase of regional deformation and metamorphism (D1M1), restricting it to the Early–Middle Jurassic. The Jurassic structures are overprinted northwards by Early Cretaceous deformation and metamorphism (D2M2). The Baldy pluton (117.8 ± 1.2 Ma) crosscuts the regional 144–134 Ma M2 isograds, yet was pervasively affected by the D2 deformation, indicating that D2 deformation outlasted M2 metamorphism but had ceased by 111 Ma, the age of an undeformed pluton. Monazite dates from a kyanite-bearing rock in the contact aureole of the Middle Jurassic Wall stock over...


Among the Web opportunities, e-Commerce processes have increased in relevance requiring the development of complex tools to support all the parties involved therein. This paper proposes a neural network hybrid recommender system able to provide customers, associated with XML-based personal agents within a multi-agent system called MARF, with suggestions about flights purchases. MARF agents continuously monitor customers' interests and preferences in their commercial Web activities, by constructing and automatically maintaining their profiles. In order to highlight the benefits provided by the proposed flight recommender, some experimental results carried out by exploiting a MARF prototype are presented.


Annales. As I have noted, she does something actually to strengthen one's sense that Skutsch's conception of the passages with which she deals is likely to be right; and if in some cases it is not, F.'s ethical conception of the poem is by no means entirely dependent on specic formal considerations, certainly not in all its aspects. G.'s interpretations on the other hand, even at their most interesting, are also more open to question — even if most readers continue to equate the poem with Skutsch's reconstruction of it. Nevertheless, they are denitely worth taking seriously. Different readers will no doubt assess this or that argument in either of these books more or less favourably than I, but scholars of Ennius (and of Vergil and of Latin poetry in general) will nd things to admire in both. For the rest, may this aetas Enniana long endure!


Reliable and valid instruments are an essential part of employee selection and allocation, assessment of students' achievements, diagnosing emotional and mental states of athletes and exercisers, among a long list of other applications. When appropriately developed and used, testing may greatly reduce the cost of wrong decisions (Schmidt & Hunter, 1998). Naturally, sound diagnoses are essential tools in the applied domains of education and psychology. The same also applies to research and practice in sport psychology. Diagnostic tools are required for educating, promoting, enhancing, controlling, predicting, and understanding how athletes acquire and develop skills, how exercisers gain from physical activity they are engaged in, or how to diagnose risks in health-promoting sport programs.


Among the many diseases that affect the hippocampus, a small yet highly important brain region responsible for memory and identity, Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia are among the most devastating. We describe a two‐stage, region‐of‐interest based linear mixed model approach to the analysis of a longitudinal functional magnetic resonance (FMRI) study of human memory function under several drug challenges. We then describe a Monte Carlo approach to testing members of nested hierarchies of linear models in a stereological study of different types and locations of human hippocampal neurons. Last, we attempt to draw the attention of the biostatistical community interested in imaging neuroscience to the intriguing complexities of human hippocampal research in early Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia and other brain diseases via brain imaging methods. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Over the years, computational physics and chemistry served as an ongoing 5 source of problems that demanded the ever increasing performance from 6 hardware as well as the software that ran on top of it. Most of these 7 problems could be translated into solutions for systems of linear equa8 tions: the very topic of numerical linear algebra. Seemingly then, a set of 9 efficient linear solvers could be solving important scientific problems for 10 years to come. We argue that dramatic changes in hardware designs pre11 cipitated by the shifting nature of the marketplace of computer hardware 12 had a continuous effect on the software for numerical linear algebra. The 13 extraction of high percentages of peak performance continues to require 14 adaptation of software. If the past history of this adaptive nature of linear 15 algebra software is any guide then the future theme will feature changes 16 as well — changes aimed at harnessing the incredible advances of the 17 evolving hardware infrastructure. 18


This study was undertaken to examine the effects and to investigate the relevant mechanisms of overexpressing stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) produced by engineered mesenchymal stem cells, in a neurogenic bladder (NB) rat model. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (N=48) were randomly divided into 4 groups comprising 12 rats each: control group, Injury group, Injury+imMSC group, and Injury+SDF-1 eMSC group. Rats in the Injury+imMSC group were treated with imMSCs, whereas the Injury+SDF-1 eMSC group were administered SDF-1 eMSCs. After 4-weeks therapy, the bladder and pelvic nerve (PN) tissues were examined by subjecting to Masson's trichrome staining and immunofluorescence. Administration of SDF-1 eMSC resulted in improved smooth muscle content in the bladder tissue, significantly increased β-III tubulin expression of the PN, and enhanced SDF-1 expression (P<0.05). The bladder wall repair can be attributed to the overexpression of SDF-1 by SDF-1 eMSCs. Significantly increased SDF-1 expression was obtained in the Injury+SDF-1 eMSC group (P<0.05). The crushed PN also showed significant recovery in the Injury+SDF-1 eMSC group (P<0.05). In conclusion, our results indicate that SDF-1 eMSCs express more SDF-1 in vivo, thereby facilitating the repair of injured nerve and recovery of NB in rats. Copyright The for Laboratory All


What is the problem and what is known about it so far? Burnout is a loss of interest in one's work and a feeling of just going through the motions. Physicians who are burned out are cynical and exhausted emotionally; they also feel they are working hard but accomplishing little. Burnout can affect people in helping professions, and it is associated with decreased job performance, reduced job commitment, and low career satisfaction. Physicians are at high risk for burnout. Their work is stressful, and they may try to do too much. They constantly address other people's problems and may ignore their own needs. Most knowledge of physician burnout comes from studies of experienced practicing physicians. We know little about burnout in doctors who are training to become practicing physicians (medical residents). Why did the researchers do this particular study? To describe the frequency of burnout and its consequences in doctors during medical residency training. Who was studied? 115 internal medicine residents from a U.S. university-based training program. Almost half the doctors were in their first year of residency training. How was the study done? The residents completed questionnaires that included standardized questions that asked about symptoms of burnout, stress, depression, fatigue, alcohol consumption, and patient care. The researchers then looked at whether residents were burned out and whether burned-out residents reported providing patient care that was suboptimal more often than residents who were not burned out. What did the researchers find? Three quarters of the residents were burned out, according to the definitions that the researchers used. Compared with nonburned-out residents, burned-out residents were more likely to say that they discharged patients early to make their work manageable, did not fully discuss treatment options or answer a patient's questions, or made medical errors. Neither depression nor alcohol use was associated with these patient care practices. More than half the burned-out residents were unhappy that they had decided to become a doctor; one quarter said that if they could start over, they were not sure whether they would choose to become a doctor again. What were the limitations of the study? The researchers studied residents at a single training program. These resident physicians may not be typical of residents in all training programs. The study is based on residents' self-report of patient care, and residents may report patient care practices inaccurately or inconsistently. The questionnaires were sent in February, a time of the year when resident morale is typically low. What are the implications of the study? Burnout is a common and serious problem among doctors during their training, and it is a different problem than depression or substance abuse. Burned out doctors in training were more likely to report practicing suboptimal patient care than those who were not burned out and also to report personal distress and career dissatisfaction.


This paper aims to research economic entities accounting compliance with the requirements of International Accounting Standard IAS 7 "Cash Flow Statements". In this respect, the index is calculated according to the requirements of IAS 7 for each economic entity in the sample analyzed. With Pearson coefficient is checked whether or not correlation between the index under the following economic sizes: financial leverage, size enterprise, enterprise performance.


Background: Avulsion of tooth constitutes an emergency case in dental management. It accounts 1%–16% of all traumatic tooth injuries. Avulsed tooth required immediate treatment and all efforts must be oriented to restore periodontal attachment and blood supplement to surrounding structures. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a potent angiogenic and vasculogenic factor that affects dental pulp and periodontal repair. The study was designed to investigate the effect of exogenous application of VEGF on regeneration of dental tissue in delayed replantation of avulsed tooth in rats.
Methods: Twenty-four adult male Wistar rats were used in this study, 12 rats with replanted of avulsed incisors without treatment, others replanted in their treated sockets with 0.5 µl VEGF. Histological and histomorphometric analysis were done at periods (21 and 45 days) postoperatively to estimate repaired cementum, periodontal ligament attachment and percentage of resorbed area.
Results: Histomorphometric analysis reported that replanted avulsed tooth with VEGF application showed lower areas of root resorption and ankylosis in comparison to control group with a significant difference value (p > 0.05). Histological assessment showed reattachment of periodontal ligament with obvious angiogenesis in experimental group.
Conclusion: The risk of root resorption, ankylosis and subsequent tooth loss is minimized by using VEGF in delayed replantation of avulsed tooth.

 How to Cite this Article

 Pubmed Style

 Al-khafaji LK, Ali ML, Shaalan AH, Al-hijazi AY. Effect of VEGF on the Success of Dental Tissue Regeneration in Delayed Replantation of Avulsed Teeth. SRP. 2020; 11(10): 160-164. doi:10.31838/srp.2020.10.27

 Web Style

 Al-khafaji LK, Ali ML, Shaalan AH, Al-hijazi AY. Effect of VEGF on the Success of Dental Tissue Regeneration in Delayed Replantation of Avulsed Teeth. http://www.sysrevpharm.org/?mno=12641 [Access: March 30, 2021]. doi:10.31838/srp.2020.10.27

 AMA (American Medical Association) Style

 Al-khafaji LK, Ali ML, Shaalan AH, Al-hijazi AY. Effect of VEGF on the Success of Dental Tissue Regeneration in Delayed Replantation of Avulsed Teeth. SRP. 2020; 11(10): 160-164. doi:10.31838/srp.2020.10.27

 Vancouver/ICMJE Style

 Al-khafaji LK, Ali ML, Shaalan AH, Al-hijazi AY. Effect of VEGF on the Success of Dental Tissue Regeneration in Delayed Replantation of Avulsed Teeth. SRP. (2020), [cited March 30, 2021]; 11(10): 160-164. doi:10.31838/srp.2020.10.27

 Harvard Style

 Al-khafaji, L. K., Ali, . M. L., Shaalan, . A. H. & Al-hijazi, . A. Y. (2020) Effect of VEGF on the Success of Dental Tissue Regeneration in Delayed Replantation of Avulsed Teeth. SRP, 11 (10), 160-164. doi:10.31838/srp.2020.10.27

 Turabian Style

 Al-khafaji, Lobna K, Mukhaled L Ali, Ammar H. Shaalan, and Athraa Y Al-hijazi. 2020. Effect of VEGF on the Success of Dental Tissue Regeneration in Delayed Replantation of Avulsed Teeth. Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy, 11 (10), 160-164. doi:10.31838/srp.2020.10.27

 Chicago Style

 Al-khafaji, Lobna K, Mukhaled L Ali, Ammar H. Shaalan, and Athraa Y Al-hijazi. "Effect of VEGF on the Success of Dental Tissue Regeneration in Delayed Replantation of Avulsed Teeth." Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy 11 (2020), 160-164. doi:10.31838/srp.2020.10.27

 MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

 Al-khafaji, Lobna K, Mukhaled L Ali, Ammar H. Shaalan, and Athraa Y Al-hijazi. "Effect of VEGF on the Success of Dental Tissue Regeneration in Delayed Replantation of Avulsed Teeth." Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy 11.10 (2020), 160-164. Print. doi:10.31838/srp.2020.10.27

 APA (American Psychological Association) Style

 Al-khafaji, L. K., Ali, . M. L., Shaalan, . A. H. & Al-hijazi, . A. Y. (2020) Effect of VEGF on the Success of Dental Tissue Regeneration in Delayed Replantation of Avulsed Teeth. Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy, 11 (10), 160-164. doi:10.31838/srp.2020.10.27


Objective To explore the application of ultrasound diagnosis of fatty liver value,and provides methods for early diagnosis of fatty liver.Methods The screening physical examination in 62 patients with fatty liver were analyzed.Results 275 patients attending the medical examination to check the crowd out of 62 cases of fatty liver,the occurrence rate was 22.5%;48 patients were male,the rate was 17.5%,female 14 cases,the rate was 5.1%.High incidence of male to female.165 patients 40 years of age,38 cases were detected,the detection rate was 23.0%;40 years of age in 110 cases detected in 24 cases,the detection rate was 21.8%.Conclusion Ultrasound imaging in diagnosis of fatty liver,high accuracy,has important clinical significance.


The absolute intensity of dimole emission at 6340 A by two O21Δg is found to be 16±4 [O21Δg]2 in cm3 mol–1 s–1 units. The rate constants for their energy pooling to yield O21Σ+g, ν= 0 and 1 are (1.2±0.3)× 107 and 6 × 105 cm3 mol–1 s–1 respectively. The removal of O21Σ+g at the walls is partly diffusion controlled, rate constants for its deactivation by H2O and H2 are reported.


24 Upcoming Events Mindfulness is having a zeitgeist moment, with the "mindful revolution" spreading throughout society at large as well as within the fields of mental and physical health. Wellness advocates and the media have touted the benefits of mindfulness, and companies have seized the term to advertise products. Mindfulness might seem like a novel approach designed to help make us happier, calmer, and healthier overall, but it actually stems from concepts found in ancient Eastern spiritual practices, such as Buddhism.


The comparative agglutination of sheep, teleost and anuran erythrocytes with selected human sera was studied before and after absorption with boiled guinea-pig kidney antigen. Among frogs of the Rana genus, only bullfrog (R. catesbiana) erythrocytes displayed Forssman-like activity. The previously unstudied erythrocytes of several species of teleosts also displayed Forssman-like activity. The concept is advanced that haptenic heteroraccharides with varying degrees of structural similarity and `blood group' activity are ubiquitously distributed among the cell-membrane receptors of phylogenetically diverse species of animals.


IT is rare indeed to see the recognition, treatment and finally the prevention of a disease state almost accomplished in a 27-year period, as has happened with kernicterus due to Rhesus incompatibility. In the May 1968, issue of HospituZMedicine, E. E. PHILLIPPS has summarised the present status of the disease and its treatment. It is now almost unknown. When kernicterus does occur today-at any rate in the U.S.A.-it is usually due to hyperbilirubinemia of prematurity, G-6-PD deficiency, neonatal sepsis or some congenital defect of bilirubin metabolism. With the development of anti-D human immune globulin (Rheogam) and its wide availability, the need for exchange transfusions in erythroblastosis fetalis can be confidentally expected to diminish greatly over the next few years. The indications for exchange transfusions have been the subject of lively debate, but the much criticised '20 mg. per cent danger concept' has served its purpose quite well. It is now clear why the concept has not been infallible. Recent studies3>*9' have indicated the importance of such other factors as the serum albumin bilirubin-binding capacity, hypoglycemia, asphyxia, acidosis, respiratory distress, hypoalbuminemia and drugs. All these factors can change an infant's susceptibility to a particular concentration of serum bilirubin. Attempts to judge the importance of each of these factors in the causation of 'low' bilirubin encephalopathy have so far been unsuccessful. It has therefore not yet been possible to make any definite recommendations on how the clinician should best proceed. To make matters more difficult, there is a growing uneasiness, based on animal experiments4 and observations on premature infants,l that bilirubin may in fact be neurotoxic at concentrations as low as 15mg. per 100 ml. The ideal treatment for hyperbilirubinemia of prematurity would be to prevent it by means of some simple, inexpensive, safe and effective technique. Since CREMER'S initial study2 of phototherapy for hyperbilirubinemia, many workers in South America, France and Italy have used this method for reducing high levels of serum bilirubin. There is now little doubt about its effectiveness. Initial concern that the decomposition products of bilirubin produced by light might be neurotoxic has not been supported by any experimental evidence. On the contrary, reliable studies* have indicated that these products (dipyrroles and tetrapyrroles) are non-toxic and are rapidly excreted in the bile and urine. Two large and carefully controlled alternate-case studies, in Uruguay6 and the U.S.A.5, clearly demonstrate the effectiveness of phototherapy in preventing hyperbilirubinemia of prematurity when the treatment is started in the first two days of life and continued for a further four to six days (see Figure). Premature infants with serum-bilirubin levels of 10-15


The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of energy drinks consumption on cardiac function of human being by analyzing the spectral components of pulse and ECG of several healthy people. Using pulse transducer connected with MP36 (Biopac, USA) data acquisition unit, pulse recordings were performed. With electrode lead set connected to the same MP36 data acquisition unit, ECG recordings were also performed. At before and after the consumption of energy drinks available in Bangladesh, pulse and ECG recordings as well as analysis were performed with Biopac software. After having energy drinks, the spectral components such as power of spectral density and amplitude of fast Fourier transform of pulse signal decreased about 47.5 and 37%, respectively. In case of ECG signal, the spectral components such as power of spectral density and amplitude of fast Fourier transform increased about 17 and 7.5% within a short interval about 0-20 min, then effective decrements about 10 and 18.5%, respectively started for long duration. Analyzing spectral parameters, the findings highlight the adverse impacts on cardiac function which may cause cardiac abnormality as well as severe cardiac disease due to the regular consumption of energy drinks.


An outline of the medical services in the Fiji Islands is given with particular reference to the nature of the plural society of Fiji, medical and nursing training, and family planning services.


The modern science of penology owes much to the English Utilitarians, and to Bentham and his erstwhile disciple James Mill in particular. I argue that James Mill's views on crime and punishment are, contrary to the conventional view, not simply those of a Benthamite Utilitarian; they are, rather, distinctively Platonist. James Mill's penological theory reveals, upon closer examination, a deep and pervasive debt to Plato. The upshot of this discovery is that the roots and rationale of modern penology are older and deeper than is commonly supposed, and that Plato's presence pervades the theory, practice, and justification of that punitive discipline.


The invention discloses a production method of a biological compound enzyme, belongs to the technical field of biology, and particularly relates to a biological compound enzyme product. The production method of the product comprises the following specific steps: respectively culturing and preparing aspergillus awamori culture, lactobacillus plantarum agent and bacillus subtilis inoculant, whereinthe inoculant is compounded and mixed in the following proportion: 50 to 80 parts of the aspergillus awamori culture, 5 to 10 parts of the lactobacillus plantarum agent, and 20 to 40 parts of the bacillus subtilis inoculant. Years of experiments prove that: the soil biological enzyme can promote soil loosening of an active soil layer, and improve soil fertility so as to build an excellent soil environment suitable for crop root growth; transformation of the soil biological enzyme plays remarkable effects in reducing agricultural production cost, reducing fertilizer use, recovering soil ecological land fertility, effectively increasing crop yield and the like; therefore, the efficacy of organic matters in soil can be sufficiently exerted.


[Objective] The aim was to discuss the protection of epigallocatechin-3-gallate(EGCG) on human liver cells(L02) from injury.[Method] Through determining cell survival rate,the contents of transaminases(ALT and AST),lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) and MDA and the activity of SOD in the cell culture supernatant,the protection of EGCG on L02 from injury was researched.[Result] Compared with the controlled group,in the model group with liver cell injury,the activity of SOD was decreased significantly,the content of MDA was increased extremely significantly,all the dose groups of EGCG could significantly decrease the content of MDA and the contents of ALT and LDH were increased significantly in its culture supernatant.Compared with the model group,the contents of ALT were decreased significantly in the cell culture supernatants of the dose groups 1.25×10-5,2.50×10-5,5.00×10-5 and 1.00×10-4 mol/L of EGCG and the contents of LDH were decreased significantly in the cell culture supernatants of the dose groups 2.50×10-5,5.00×10-5 and 1.00×10-4 mol/L of EGCG;the dose groups 1.25×10-5 and 2.50×10-5 mol/L of EGCG could extremely significantly increase the activity of SOD and the dose groups 5.00×10-5 and 1.00×10-4 mol/L of EGCG could extremely significantly decrease the content of MDA.[Conclusion] EGCG could reduce the oxidative injury of liver cells caused by CCl4 and H2O2.It had protective effect on liver cells in a dose-dependent manner.


The present study was conducted to evaluate the antibacterial activity of aqueous and ethanol extracts of Cinnaomum zeylanicum on different types of dental plaque microorganisms. Screening study was perforned to detect the potential antibacterial activity against S. aureus, E. coli, S. mutans, L. casei, B. fragilis, A. actinomycemtemcomitans and dental plaque pool samples. From the screening test, values of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) were determined. The lowest MIC value was 25 mg/ml of aqueous and 12.5 mg/ml of ethanol extract for S. aureus. The highest MIC values were seen in A. actinomycetemcomitans and dental plaque aerobic pool samples with 300 mg/ml of aqueous extract and 150 mg/ml of ethanol extract. The MIC values for aqueous extracts ranged from 25 to 300 mg/ml whereas for fixed plant concentration test, showed the strongest inhibition effect for all the organisms tested. Generally, the ethanol extract of Cinnamomum zeylanicum demonstrated a stronger antibacterial activity compared to the aqueous extract. This study also compared the antibacterial activity of chlorhexidine with that of the plant extracts. Chlorhexidine showed a higher antibacterial effect on the microorganisms, with almost all organisms inhibited.


ABSTRACT We report collections of the bighead carp, Hypophthalmichthys nobilis (Richardson, 1845) in the Mississippi River in Missouri and Illinois between 1991 and 1994. In all, we collected 48 specimens ranging from 18 to 790 mm total length. Young-of-the-year fish were caught in 1992 and 1994, which suggests that the species is able to reproduce in the Mississippi River and may become established. Because H. nobilis is a low level filter feeder, its presence may affect other filter feeding fishes such as the paddlefish (Polyodon spathula), bigmouth buffalo (Ictiobus cyprinellus), and gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum). Further research is needed to confirm that the species is established and what its biological impact will be.


Polypropylene (PP) was extruded and injection-molded several times to mimic the effect of recycling procedures on PP. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used to follow crystallization rates under isothermal conditions in a temperature range of 120–150°C. Melting behavior and equilibrium melting temperatures were studied using the Hoffman-Weeks method of extrapolation. Optical microscopy combined with a hot stage was also used to follow the spherulite microstructure and crystal phase upon recycling of PP. Wide-angle X-ray spectroscopy identified the crystal phase at different isothermal crystallization temperatures. Twin melting peaks obtained for PP melting following isothermal crystallization were associated with crystal rearrangement during fusion. PP spherulite size and equilibrium melting temperatures were seen to increase with processing events, whereas reprocessing decreased nuclei density. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


Cut ideals of K 4-minor free graphs are generated by quadrics. Abstract We prove a conjecture by Sturmfels and Sullivant, that the cut ideal is generated by quadrics if and only if the graph is free of K4 minors. It is a corollary of a fiber product type theorem with which one can glue together graphs in two non-adjacent vertices and get generators for the cut ideal.


This study aimed to investigate the effect of the Flipped Learning Pattern (FLP) in terms of the Problem-Based Teaching Approach (PBTA) on the participants' self-management, desire for learning, and self-control in learning English. The research design was quasi-experimental using pre-test and post-test. The participants were selected via cluster sampling from the English learners enrolled in Aladdin center in the 2018-2020 academic year. They were randomly divided into experimental and control groups (n=320). To collect the data, the self-directed learning questionnaire of Fisher, King, and Tague (2001) was used. The questionnaire contains 52 items and three subscales of self-management, desire for learning, and self-control. Findings showed that there was a significant difference in the effect of the method on three subscales of self-directed learning in the experimental and control groups. The results indicated that the value and acceptability of the pattern improve self-directed learning; and choosing the right teaching method with conscious design will have a great impact on learners' high levels of learning English skills. Therefore, follow-up studies are necessary to investigate further the application of FLP in terms of PBTA in various lessons.


22 Introduction Wire tailed swallow (Hirundo smithii) is a widespread resident bird with a no earlier record from Durgapur, West Bengal. The sexes are alike, but females possess shorter tail feathers or wires. Adult is characterized by glossy steel blue above with bright chestnut cap; bright pure white under parts and two very long filamentous tail feathers, which trail behind like two wires. But the juvenile has brownish cast to blue upper parts and dull brownish crown. Its preferred habitat ranges from open country, cultivation to neighbourhood of rivers, jheels etc. It is generally found in the vicinity of water, in flocks, skimming over the water surface, usually feeding in pairs or loose flocks, and roosts in reed beds. (Kumar et al. 2005)


This article presents two proposals of Engineering graduation courses at Universidade Federal do Rio Grande – FURG: Coastal and Port Civil Engineering and Naval Mechanical Engineering. The courses, in their third year, come out with the intention of attending a crescent need for professionals in these fields. We can highlight the connection of the proposals with the institutional vocation of the University: the coastal environment. Key-words: Coastal and Port Civil Engineering, Naval Mechanical Engineering, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande – FURG


A deactivation procedure is described based on a published method using hexamethyldisilazane in the gas phase. In addition to unusually high inertia and thermostability, the method produces truly neutral columns which allow simultaneous analysis of moderately strong free acids and bases. The silylated columns show their full potential only with on-column injection. Preliminary experimental directions are given; more elaborate directions will become available after extended optimization work.


DR. KELLY, dean of nursing, Medical College of Ohio. Toledo, and chairman, Denartment of Nursing, Bowling Green State University, Ohio. has, as teacher and administrator, long been concerned with the evaluation of students, teachers, and those giving patient care. She is a graduate of Finley Hospital School of Nursing, Dubuque, Iowa, and earned B.S. and M.A. degrees at Teachers College, Columbia University. New York, N.Y. and an Ed.D. at Harvard University, Boston, Mass. .. .


AN INTEGRATED genetic and clinical study of all residents of Michigan known to be afflicted with Huntington's chorea during the period 1900 to 1955 has recently been completed; data used were obtained from a state-wide survey. Details of the methods used, along with an analysis of demographic and genetic data, have been published elsewhere,' as has a comprehensive discussion concerned with selection and mutation.2 This, the third and final communication, will deal with certain clinical aspects of the disease. In an attempt to obtain data on all persons known or reliably reported to have Huntington's chorea who had ever lived in Michigan, medically diagnosed propositi were obtained from several sources. The diagnostic files of the University Hospital and all the state hospitals in Michigan, as well as the files of the Veterans Administration hospitals in Michigan, the Wayne County General Hospital, and a number of county infirmaries, were reviewed in order to compile a listing of persons living or dead with definite or possible diagnoses of this disease. Kindreds already on file in the Heredity Clinic, Department of Human Genetics, of the University of Michigan were incorporated into the study. Pedigree data were gathered by field work and correspondence. Examination of new cases and nonaffected members of families was carried out in the University of Michigan Hospital Outpatient Department and in state hospitals and private homes. As a result, these genetic investigative facilities for ascertaining cases and gathering pedigree information have provided the clinical neurologist with the unique opportunity to examine a large number of patients with Huntington's chorea. They have also led to the discovery of the presence of Huntington's chorea


We present results of study of structure and electrical conductivity of the nanostructured ceramics BiFeO3 measured for direct and alternating currents (from 1 kHz to 10 MHz) in the temperature range 25-500 °C. The power-law nature of the frequency dependence of the conductivity is discussed in the framework of the model of the correlated barrier jumps of charge carriers, presumably between two- and trivalent iron ions Fe2+ → Fe3 +.


Bayesian Theory originated from an Essay of a British mathematician named Thomas Bayes in 1763, and after its development in 20th century, Bayesian Statistics has been taking a significant part in statistical study of all fields. Due to the recent breakthrough of high-dimensional integral, Bayesian Statistics has been improved and perfected, and now it can be used to solve problems that Classical Statistics failed to solve. This paper summarizes Bayesian Statistics' history, concepts and applications, which are illustrated in five parts: the history of Bayesian Statistics, the weakness of Classical Statistics, Bayesian Theory and its development and applications. The first two parts make a comparison between Bayesian Statistics and Classical Statistics in a macroscopic aspect. And the last three parts focus on Bayesian Theory in specific -- from introducing some particular Bayesian Statistics' concepts to listing their development and finally their applications.


The COVID-19 pandemic has worsened youth mental health and exposed inadequate mental health infrastructure in the U.S. for children, leading to rising emergency department (ED) visit rates for mental health. Prior to the pandemic, pediatric mental health ED visits and hospitalizations were already increasing, with suicide as the second leading cause of death among youth 10 to 19 years old.1.


In the presented monograph, a distinction can be made three main problem areas. Considerations theoretical focus is on the German model Social Market Economy. Lots of space devoted to the role of labour market policy in this model. The transformation was then critically assessed East German economy, consequences employment policy of the adopted high wage strategy and investment promotion, and attention was paid to labour market policy offensive in the eastern part German. The third problem plane includes issues related to the transition from active to activating labour market policy, implementation of reforms Hartz and their socio-economic consequences


Influence maximization, whose objective is to select k users (called seeds) from a social network such that the number of users influenced by the seeds (called influence spread) is maximized, has attracted significant attention due to its widespread applications, such as viral marketing and rumor control. However, in real-world social networks, users have their own interests (which can be represented as topics) and are more likely to be influenced by their friends (or friends' friends) with similar topics. We can increase the influence spread by taking into consideration topics. To address this problem, we study topic-aware influence maximization, which, given a topic-aware influence maximization (TIM) query, finds k seeds from a social network such that the topic-aware influence spread of the k seeds is maximized. Our goal is to enable online TIM queries. Since the topic-aware influence maximization problem is NP-hard, we focus on devising efficient algorithms to achieve instant performance while keeping a high influence spread. We utilize a maximum influence arborescence (MIA) model to approximate the computation of influence spread. To efficiently find k seeds under the MIA model, we first propose a best-effort algorithm with 1 − 1/e approximation ratio, which estimates an upper bound of the topic-aware influence of each user and utilizes the bound to prune large numbers of users with small influence. We devise effective techniques to estimate tighter upper bounds. We then propose a faster topic-sample-based algorithm with e · (1 − 1/e) approximation ratio for any e ∈ (0, 1], which materializes the influence spread of some topic-distribution samples and utilizes the materialized information to avoid computing the actual influence of users with small influences. Experimental results show that our methods significantly outperform baseline approaches.


The demand on activated carbon is still growing as a result of environmental requirements in many countries and new areas of application. As Myanmar is agro-based country, there is a lot of waste biomass such as rice husk, peanut shell, bagasse and etc. Therefore, there is a high potential of producing activated carbon. In this research work, rice husk pellets, agro waste from farm, used in gasifier has been chosen as a carbonaceous raw material for producing activated carbon. The carbonaceous substances have to go through two stages. The first stage is chemical activation, followed by a second stage of carbonization (devolatilization). In this study, activated carbons have been produced by three different processes, 10 minutes and 24 hours activation with 1N NaOH and without activation processes followed by carbonization at 600°C (20°C/min) for 1 hour in N2 purged furnace (1mL/min). Herein, activated carbon under 24 hours activation with 1N NaOH solution by carbonization with 600 °C for 1 hour showed the optimized carbonyl group, less ash and moisture contents via FTIR and XRD analysis. The adsorptive capacity of optimized activated carbon was investigated by removal of methylene blue colour from aqueous (synthetic) dye solution.


It is the base of a successive cardiac emergency (CE) treatment to architect a rapid cardiac emergency information transfer process with high efficiency and high quality. Aiming at the shortage of quantitative method to diagnose the process of CE, a hybrid method was presented, in which time Petri nets (TPN) was used to model the process of CE and ABC-Markov process was adopted to diagnose quantitatively. As a result, the bottlenecks of the efficiency of information transfer of CE were found. And on this base, the bottlenecks were optimized based on the theory of BPR. As a result, the time of CE treatment was shortened and the success rate was raised.


Abstract Background: Both open and functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) are performed in the case of pediatric frontal rhinosinusitis. However, data from comparative analysis of these surgery types are insufficient. Objective: Prospective randomized trial for comparison of open and endoscopic surgery outcome in pediatric chronic rhinosinusitis. Material and methods: The cohort included 30 pediatric patients (7–17 years) with open frontal sinus surgery and 34 patients who underwent FESS using DrafIIa. Lund‐Kennedy and Lund-Mackay scores, as well as Sino-Nasal Outcome Test-20 (SNOT-20)questionnaire was used for pre- and postoperative assessment. Results: Open surgery and FESS resulted in a significant improvement in total Lund‐Kennedy, Lund-Mackay, and SNOT-20 scores, being more profound in FESS group. Using FESS significantly reduced surgery duration by 15% as compared to open surgery. In addition, open surgery was associated with a higher rate of scar formation, reduced local sensitivity, as well as local soreness, lacrimation, and psychological discomfort. In regression models FESS was negatively associated with postoperative total Lund‐Kennedy, Lund-Mackay, and SNOT-20 scores. Conclusion and significance: Generally, FESS resulted in better surgery outcome as compared to open surgery, although both approaches resulted in a significant improvement in chronic rhinosinusitis.


electronic commerce, geographical information system, GIS Author presents a digital city — a platform of e-commerce transactions. The examples of the practical application of the developed methodology and implementation of geographical information system (GIS) capabilities in e-commerce are considered.


We have cloned and characterized 5"flanking sequences of the DNA methyltransferase (MeTase) gene. DNA MeTase gene transcription is initiated at a few discrete sites: 343 and 90 base pairs upstream of the translation initiation site asdetermined by RNase protection and primer extension assays. The promoter sequences that regulate expression of DNA MeTase, as defined by chloramphenicol acetyltransferase assays, reside between position -171 and the transcription start site. The promoter of DNA MeTase does not contain TATAA or CAAT boxes and is unusual because it does not contain the CG-rich elements characteristic of TATAA-less housekeeping genes. The 5"flanking region of DNA MeTase contains AP-1, AP-2 and glucocorticoid response elements, suggesting possible regulation by cellular signal transduction pathways. The base composition of the DNA MeTase promoter is markedly different from that of other housekeeping genes. Whereas most housekeeping genes are characterized by CG-rich areas in their 5'-flanking regions, the TG dinucleotide is over-represented in DNA MeTase 5"flanking sequences, including a perfect tandem repeat of T/G between positions -685 and -650. DNA methylation patterns play an important role in the developmental regulation of gene expression in vertebrates. DNA MeTase activity is probably regulated to maintain this pattern of methylation. We suggest that the DNA MeTase promoter represents a new class of housekeeping gene promoters that was designed to  ensure high fidelity  regulation of gene expression.


We recall that in order to obtain the classical limit of quantum mechanics one needs to take the ~ → 0 limit. In addition, one also needs an explanation for the absence of macroscopic quantum superposition of position states. One possible explanation for the latter is the Ghirardi-Rimini-Weber (GRW) model of spontaneous localisation. Here we describe how spontaneous localisation modifies the path integral formulation of density matrix evolution in quantum mechanics. (Such a formulation has been derived earlier by Pearle and Soucek; we provide two new derivations of their result). We then show how the von Neumann equation and the Liouville equation for the density matrix arise in the quantum and classical limit, respectively, from the GRW path integral. Thus we provide a rigorous demonstration of the quantum to classical transition. email@example.com email@example.com email@example.com firstname.lastname@example.com email@example.com firstname.lastname@example.com 1


The Mid-Brunhes Transition (MBT) began ~430 ka with an increase in the amplitude of the 100-kyr climate cycles of the past 800,000 years. The MBT has been identified in ice-core records, which indicate interglaciations became warmer with 10 higher atmospheric CO2 levels after the MBT, and benthic oxygen isotope (δO) records, which suggest that post-MBT interglaciations had higher sea levels than pre-MBT interglaciations. It remains unclear, however, whether the MBT was a globally synchronous phenomenon that included other components of the climate system. Here we further characterize changes in the climate system across the MBT through statistical analyses of ice-core and δO records as well as sea-surface temperature, benthic carbon isotope, and dust accumulation records. Our results demonstrate that the MBT was a global event 15 with a significant increase in climate variance in most components of the climate system assessed here. However, our results indicate that the onset of high-amplitude variability in temperature, atmospheric CO2, and sea level at ~430 ka was preceded by changes in the carbon cycle, ice sheets, and monsoon strength during MIS 14 and 13.


Three months old mice were divided into three groups: control (saline sc and ig), D-galactose (50 mg•kg~(-1)•d~(-1) sc) plus saline (ig), and D-galactose (50 mg•kg~(-1)•d~(-1) sc) plus TSG (0.1 g•kg~(-1)•d~(-1) ig). After treatment for 60 d, each group of six mice was tested by Morris water maze and the total RNA of each group′s hippocampal tissue in equiponderant weight were isolated by TRIZOL agent. The mRNA of control group was reversely transcribed to cDNA by using Cy5-dUTP, while mRNA of D-galactose and TSG group was reversely transcribed by using Cy3-dUTP. The mixture of control and D-galactose group cDNA probes were hybridized with gene chip consisted of 4000 genes, and the mixture of control and TSG group cDNA probes were hybridized with the the same kind of gene chip. The fluorescent signals of gene chip were analyzed by GenePixPro 3.0 system. Compared with the D-galactose group, the expression of 41 genes from TSG group varied differently and seemed to trend to that of control group. Among 41 genes, 29 genes were up-regulated and 12 genes were down-regulated. After the intervention of TSG, some genes′ expression in mouse hippocampus seemed to be improved. These genes are related to energy metabolizing, inflammatory reaction, nerve growth-related factors and total genes transcription level.


Development of a set of highly accurate meiotic breakpoint panels for the human genome based on CEPH reference pedigree genotypes and highly informative microsatellite markers will provide a valuable resource for the efficient mapping of new markers and will promote the rapid integration of physical and genetic map information. Key to the development of such a panel is the availability of a reliable set of genotypic data and automated methods for panel construction and verification. We have recently completed construction of comprehensive, microsatellite, and index linkage maps for human chromosome 7 using CEPH pedigree genotypes and CRI-MAP (with odds for marker order of 1000:1). A subset of markers used to build these maps that were typed on 40 CEPH families and rigorously checked for errors (e.g. using the Chrompics option of CRI-MAP) were selected for use to develop a set of meiotic breakpoint panels. The BINS programs has been developed to determine the locations of reliable crossovers using primary genotype data for every individual of each pedigree with the aim of creating crossover mapping panels. BINS utilizes a set of algorithms that parses out reliable and consistent data and uses these data to construct a crossover-based map. BINS has beenmore » utilized to construct a primary meiotic mapping panel for human chromosome 7. A graphical display of the breakpoint data provides an easily interpretable image and specifically highlights possible data inconsistencies (e.g. questionable double crossovers). We have used BINS and the CEPH genotypes to construct a preliminary set of panels for chromosome 7. Refinement of the panels is in progress.« less


Iron‐based superconductors are well‐known for their intriguing phase diagrams, which manifest a complex interplay of electronic, magnetic, and structural degrees of freedom. Among the phase transitions observed are superconducting, magnetic, and several types of structural transitions, including a tetragonal‐to‐orthorhombic and a collapsed‐tetragonal transition. In particular, the widely observed tetragonal‐to‐orthorhombic transition is believed to be a result of an electronic order that is coupled to the crystalline lattice and is, thus, referred to as nematic transition. Nematicity is therefore a prominent feature of these materials, which signals the importance of the coupling of electronic and lattice properties. Correspondingly, these systems are particularly susceptible to tuning via pressure (hydrostatic, uniaxial, or some combination). Efforts to probe the phase diagrams of pressure‐tuned iron‐based superconductors are reviewed with a strong focus on recent insights into the phase diagrams of several members of this material class under hydrostatic pressure. These studies on FeSe, Ba(Fe 1−x Cox)2As2, Ca(Fe 1−x Cox)2As2, and CaK(Fe 1−x Nix)4As4 are, to a significant extent, made possible by advances of what measurements can be adapted to their use under differing pressure environments. The potential impact of these tools for the study of the wider class of strongly correlated electron systems is pointed out.


In order to provide a scientific basis for improving paraffin properties and its application,the digital instrument of melting point and universal material machine are used to study the melting point and strength of the paraffin-stearic acid system.The mechanism is also discussed with infrared spectroscopy.The result of experiment indicates stearic acid has some effect on paraffin melting point.When the content of stearic acid is lower than 40 wt %,the melting point of paraffin decreases with the increase of stearic acid addition,however,when the content of stearic acid is in the range of 40 wt% to 100wt%,the melting point increases,stearic acid has positive effect on strength of paraffin,especially,when the content of stearic acid is in the range of 0 to 10wt%,the strength of paraffin increases rapidly,and the strength growth rate reaches 32.56%,the reason is that the stearic acid wipes out the bubble in paraffin and the paraffin becomes more uniform.According to infrared spectroscopy,there is a lot of resemblance between paraffin and stearic acid,so they can fuse together at any proportion;in industrial application,less than 20 wt% stearic acid should be reasonable in order to increase the strength but not decrease the melting point too much.


Outcome was studied prospectively in 28 consecutive patients with occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCA). They comprise a subgroup of 101 consecutive patients with TIA or stroke ≤ 75 years of age, admitted within 72 h after the stroke. Cerebral angiography and CT‐scan were performed within 1–2 days of admission. CT‐scan was repeated 6 months later. Functional status on admission, 3 and 6 months after the stroke was evaluated using the Rankin disability scale (score 1–2: independent of others care, score 3–5: dependent on others care). The degree of hemiparesis was measured using the Medical Research Council's score. Thirteen had infarcts with a diameter >3 cm (mean 2.5 ± 0.9 cm); 15 had infarcts > 3 cm (mean 6.3 ± 1.4 cm); 10 had trunk occlusions; 18 had branch occlusions. MCA occlusions with large infarcts and severe hemiparesis on admission carried a poor outcome. Eleven (85%) of 13 patients with infarcts <3 cm were independent after 6 months; this was the case in only 1 (7%) of the 15 with infarcts > 3 cm, the remaining 14 (93%) had either died (40%) or were dependent (53%) (p < 0.00005). Eleven (85%) of 13 patients with mild hemiparesis on admission were independent, while 13 (87%) of 15 with moderate or severe hemiparesis on admission had either died (40%) or were dependent on others'care (47%) 6 months after the stroke (p < 0.0004). Type of occlusion (branch/trunk) was a poor predictor of outcome.


This study aims to assess the impact of localized as well as open-field weather data on geospatial transpiration (T) for a modern apple orchard, mapped using energy balance modelling approach. Open-field weather data was collected from five stations and all-in-one weather sensors within 0–3 km from the orchard-center whereas in-orchard weather data was collected at 0.8 m and 1.8 m above ground level. Pertinent model also uses aerial multispectral and thermal infrared imagery data as standard inputs which were collected in five campaigns during the growing season. Significant deviations in solar radiation, wind speed, relative humidity, air temperature, and reference evapotranspiration (Coefficient of variation: 3–55 %, Pearson linear correlation [r]: 0.7–1) was observed for open-field weather stations surrounded by different heterogeneous crops. Relatively low deviations were observed for standard open-field weather station (3 km from orchard-center) and the one outside the orchard (100 m from center). Proportional variation in T estimates were also observed with lowest deviation for weather inputs from nearest open-field station and the all-in-one weather sensor (r: 0.85–0.97, Root mean square difference: 3–13 %). Deviations in T estimates were also observed for in-orchard weather data inputs from all-in-one weather sensors installed at different canopy heights (r: 0.6–0.98). The results suggest that crop mapping at high resolution and in-orchard weather data inputs could better estimate crop water use (T).


Large-scale social events like civil unrest, distinctly impacts our daily life. For this reason, it is essential to predict specific events in advance based on relevant information. Studies on data-driven event prediction assume that there are precursors for predictable events that can be tracked in history. Therefore, modeling prior evolution of a target event appropriately using relevant information or implicit indicators is of great importance to anticipate whether concerned events are likely to occur sometime in the future. However, there are issues among existing relevant studies: (I) how to properly define event data for training to match the realistic prediction scenario. (II) how to extract useful previous information from available data flow and model relevant evolution or dynamic feature of events reasonably. (III) it is both practical and urgent to mine precursors or clues from spatial-temporal data for interpreting prediction results. In this paper, we propose a novel feature learning framework for event prediction that can discover potential precursors from the input data. The prediction model primarily consists of a graph encoder module using GNN (Graph Neural Network) techniques and a temporal feature learning module employing attention mechanism. Meanwhile, we develop a backward tracking method to model the previous evolution of an event by retrieving prospective relevant events in the past. Multiple experiments conducted on datasets collected from various regions in the real world demonstrate appreciable performance of our proposed model in social event prediction task.


Burman (Thesaurus zeylanicus, 1737) depicted on tab. 79 Nux Moschata, spuria, sylvestris, Caryophylli arboris, oppositis, Nobis. The plate depicts a sterile branch with conspicuous, stalked, perulate leaf buds. The local name is given as Iryaghedhi (cited from Mus. Zeyl., p. 58). Linnaeus edumerated the species in Fl. Zeyl., p. 590 under "Barbarae Annihilatae".


: Radiation therapy is the mainstay treatment modality for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Recurrent disease affects about 10% of patients, and reirradiation is the most common treatment for recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Serious complications are not uncommon during the second course of radiation therapy because of the full-tolerance radiation dose applied to normal tissue. Catastrophic toxicity may be induced by treatment for recurrent nasopharyngeal tumor. Salvage surgery has a 3-year overall survival of 85.8% with a 5% incidence of late fatal toxicity. However, the surgical approach is still relatively new with limited information and experience regarding its optimal implementation. Another technique used for recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma is stereotactic radiation therapy (SRT), which delivers radiation to a specific target with a rapid dose fall-off to adjacent normal tissue that can reduce the risk of complications. Single-shot radiation therapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma has a local control rate of up to 72% for 2 years, although there is a 10% chance of cranial neuropathy and temporal lobe necrosis. Conventional fractionated SRT has shown a 3-year control rate of 56% with complications of 11% nasopharyngeal necrosis and 8.3% nasal bleeding. Hypofractionation SRT with a large fraction dose has demonstrated a 5-year control rate of 78% with a 12.5% to 16% incidence of fatal complications. Local recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma with a limited volume should be treated with SRT. For reirradiation, the dose constraints in organs at risk (OARs) of recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma are critical. Despite the lack of data regarding SRT, the radiation doses of OARs in SRT may be converted to a biologically equivalent dose and summed with doses of primary radiation therapy for evaluation. Hypofractionation may have an optimal treatment response rate with acceptable complications. For recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma, SRT has shown certain therapeutic advantages, but conventional fractionation radiation therapy may still be the appropriate setting for reirradiation. Patients undergoing SRT should be counseled carefully before initiation of therapy, especially if the targets are close to a critical organ that may cause serious side effects. The treatment decision of recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma should be based on the patient's overall condition and disease status.


OVERVIEW: In recent years, from the viewpoint of environmental conservation, it has become a top priority to improve the heat efficiency of thermal power plants. Under such circumstances, in December 2003, a 1,000-MW coal-fired power plant with the world's highest efficiency — Unit No. 1 of Hitachinaka Thermal Power Station of The Tokyo Electric Power Co., Inc. — was put into service. This generator consists of a coal-fired boiler with an extremely high critical pressure and a main steam temperature of 600°C as well as a state-of-the-art steam turbine with 41-inch-long (about 104 cm) final-stage turbine blades. Hitachi, Ltd. was in charge of the design and construction of the facilities for these two main components (i.e. the boiler and turbine) of Unit No. 1. Upon completing the plant design, Hitachi drew upon its collective strengths and latest technologies to develop these components. That is, by introducing the large-capacity, coal-fired boiler — which can handle many varieties of coal and meet the optimum steam conditions through increased pressure and temperature — and the highefficiency steam turbine, both plant efficiency and reliability have been improved. Furthermore, a newly developed remote-monitoring system installed in the central control room of the plant utilizes expanded-display devices [large-size LCD (liquid crystal display) displays] and wider-scope operation by means of highly functional CRT (cathode ray tube) displays. As a result of this system set-up, plant operation in terms of labor saving and monitorability is improved. In addition, the remote-monitoring system is directly connected to the switchgear for auxiliary electrical equipment; consequently, the amount of cable materials used is reduced and the construction cost is lowered. Nobuyuki Matsumoto Hideaki Iwamoto Takao Kaneda Koichi Shigihara


AbstractReal-time data of storm surge are much needed for developing effective prediction models and nowcasting of impending hazard potential. The crucial aspect of monitoring and transmitting information for extreme weather conditions in near real time is vitally important
 and would benefit from accurate, robust, and relatively inexpensive wireless sensing network systems. This article presents a detailed overview of the design, operation modes, system performance, and field testing of a prototype wireless sensors network (WSN) system for local multipoint storm
 surge measurements. Key differentiators for the prototype WSN system when compared to the existing infrastructure for monitoring water levels used by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration are (1) real-time data transmission, (2) ultra low cost, and (3) power-efficient system. The
 WSN system offers reliable field measurement employing single or multiple sensors and with features to upload data to either a local laptop or to the cloud for easy concurrent access to data for users located in any part of the world.


Temperatures of Symplocarpus foetidus spadices measured during March 1971 in a Population of approximately 50 plants in northeast Iowa were as much as 25 C above ambient air temperature. A prolonged period of elevated respiration makes possible flower development and pollination at air temperatures below 0 C even though the spathe and spadix are not inherently frost-resistant. INTRODUCTION An unusually high rate of respiration is characteristic of many aroid spadices at or near anthesis. James and Beevers (1950) list five species in different genera, all of which demonstrate a typical, cyanide-resistant, rapid respiration in developing spadices or flowers. Hatch and Millerd (1957), however, report that the spadix of Zantedeschia aethiopica Spreng. exhibits respiration which is less elevated and not cyanide-resistant, so the property is probably not universal in the Araceae. The flowering spadix of eastern skunk cabbage (Symplocarpus foetidus), which does exhibit elevated and cyanide-resistant respiration, has provided experimental material for detailed investigation of respiratory pathways (see, for example, Storey and Bahr, 1969, and Erecinska and Storey, 1970). The possible ecological significance of the elevated respiration of skunk cabbage has received less attention. Shull (1925) mentions heat production and growth of inflorescences in frozen ground during winters in the District of Columbia, but he made no measurements of temperature or heat production. This paper reports temperature measurements of skunk cabbage spadices made in early spring on a small population of plants in northeast Iowa. MATERIALS AND METHODS All temperature measurements were made with a Yellow Springs Instruments model 42SC thermistor thermometer, using a small insertion probe which was introduced through the wall of the spathe and either placed in contact with the surface of the spadix or inserted into, its tissues. No large or consistent differences were observed relative to these alternative placements of the probe. Measurements were made on the spadices of approximately 50 plants over a period of 10 days. RESULTS Measurements over an air temperature range of 8 C (from -3 to +5 C) indicated some dependency of spadix temperature on air temperature as shown in Figure 1. Each point represents the average temperature for 25-35 spadices. Maximum temperatures would be less dependent on air temperature than the averages since, in any nonselected sample, some spadices are at or near air temperature. Temperature distributions of spadices in closed spathes, corrected for air temperature, are recorded in Figure 2. The temperatures are slightly skewed toward the upper end of the distribution for the latter 3 of the 4 days on which measurements were made, indicating that peak respiration for this population occurred in mid to late March. The immediate and continuous drop in temperature of spadices when the spathe and spadix unit was cut from the rhizome and left in place for measurement (Fig. 3) indicated that the respiratory activity of the spadix was largely supported by substrate imported continuously from the rhizome, rather than by stored material in the aboveground portions of the plant. The abrupt reduction in measured temperature could only occur if excess respiration effectively ceased at the time the spathe and spadix were cut from the rhizome. Hackett (1957) reported respiratory rates varying from 1390 to 4500 A liter of oxygen per hr 252 THE AMERICAN MIDLAND NATURALIST 88(1)


The present invention discloses a method of applying a coating to a surface, wherein the gas stream with a material selected from the group consisting of a powder forming a gas - Powder mixture: niobium, tantalum, tungsten, molybdenum, titanium, zirconium, nickel, cobalt, iron, chromium, aluminum, silver, copper, mixtures of at least two of them, and an alloy of at least two thereof or alloys with other metals, the powder particle size of 0.5 to 150, an oxygen content of less than 500 ppm, the hydrogen content of less than 500 ppm, wherein said gas stream has a supersonic, the supersonic jet is directed surface of the object. E.g. coatings prepared using as a corrosion protective coating.


Recent observational data suggesting streamwise linear organization in the surface layer were obtained from the Cooperative Surface-Atmosphere Exchange Study field campaign of October 1999 (CASES'99), that took place at the ARM site. The present analysis makes use of the data from rawinsondes, sonic anemometers, and a Doppler lidar. In the present study, we show evidence of a -1 power law range in spectra of the velocity components in the surface layer. Streamwise structures with similar turbulence properties have been studied by Carlotti (2002). Carlotti (2002) suggests that a κ1 -1 (κ1 being the streamwise wavenumber) range measured in spectra for the streamwise velocity in the eddy surface layer corresponds to streaky structures. He explains how the boundary conditions are consistent with the top-down understanding of atmospheric turbulence close to the ground (Hunt and Carlotti 2002), where the turbulence is analyzed in terms of turbulent eddies impinging onto the ground, being distorted by the shear and the blocking by the wall, and experiencing the creation of an internal boundary layer within an eddy surface layer (ESL) with a height of one hundredth of the PBL height. Redelsperger et al. (2001) show how the energy deficit of blocked turbulence (Hunt and Carlotti 2002) affects the coefficients to be used in subgrid schemes and they accordingly developed a new subgrid-scale parametrization suitable both for surface layer and free stream turbulence. Most of the aforementioned studies deal with neutrally stratified PBL. In this paper,


Current research on wireless sensor networks "WSNs" in the Internet of Things "IoT" has focused on performance, scalability and energy efficiency. Innovations in these areas have many challenges due to the increasing volume of smart device data streams in the internet of Everything "IoE". Data feeds from future IoE systems such as the internet of vehicles, smart homes and smart-cities will need real time consolidation. This merger of technologies will require innovative big data algorithms and architectures that authenticate the data streams. A primary concern is in dynamically quantifying the data quality "DQ" of the streams while constructing real-time metrics to assess the energy efficiency "EE" of these IoE devices. In order to define the relationship between sensor stream DQ and EE, we propose our multi-tiered cloud-service architecture TAU-FIVE. The technical contributions of our framework includes data quality and energy efficiency models based on 7 DQ attributes and multiple reprogrammable smart sensors that dynamically modify and regulate the DQ and EE of a WSN. Our research maintains that WSN's can balance sustainability with quality of service by creating real-time metrics that merge energy usage with data stream integrity. This equilibrium will impact energy awareness in the IoT as the multitude of batch device data streams are integrated with the variety of social and professional networks and evolve into the IoE.


Network covert channel generally use for leak the information by violating the security policies. It allows the attacker to send as well as receive secret information without being detected by the network administrator or warden in the network. There are several ways to implement such covert channels; Storage covert channel and Timing covert channel. However there is always some possibility of these covert channels being identified depending on their behaviour. In this paper, we propose, an active warden, which normalizes incoming and outgoing network traffic for eliminating all possible storage based covert channels. It is specially design for TCP sequence number because this field is a maximum capacity vehicle for storage based covert channel. Our experimental result shows that propose active warden model eliminates covert communication up to 99%, while overt communication is as intact.


Background: Epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity (EMP) is key feature driving breast cancer metastasis. Induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) increases the migratory and invasive capabilities associated with metastatic competence and endows tumors with stem cell properties necessary for initiating tumor growth in the metastatic site. Mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) has been increasingly recognized as an integral part of the latter stages of the metastatic cascade as it is required for re-epithelialization, proliferation, and expansion of micro-metastases into macro-metastases with a histopathology similar to that of the primary tumor. Interconversion between epithelial and mesenchymal states requires remodeling of the epigenome–including addition and erasure of H3K27me3, especially near gene promoter and enhancers. Deposited by EZH1 or EZH2, members of the PRC2 complex, H3K27me3 is associated with gene silencing. However, gene activation occurs upon H3K27me3 demethylation to H3K27me1, mediated by KDM6A or KDM6B, members of the Compass-like complex. Results: Based upon our prior work, which showed EMT-driven re-distribution of H3K27me3 onto and off of genes that are critical regulators of cell fate and differentiation, we asked whether inhibition of H3K27me3-directed methyltransferases and demethylases could impact breast cancer. We found that the EZH2 inhibitor, EPZ011989, reduced EMP by preventing recovery of epithelial trails in cells exposed to TGFβ, but did not, on its own, induce EMT. However, we found that either inhibition of the H3K27me3-directed demethylases, KDM6A and KDM6B, using GSK-J4 or shRNA knockdown, induced EMT and promoted cellular migration. Thus, manipulation of either EZH2 or KDM6A/B affected the capacity of cells to repress or activate expression of genes known to exhibit dynamic gain or loss of H3K27me3 during EMT. Given the effects of inhibitors of H3K27-targeted enzymes on EMP, we sought to ascertain their impact on tumor growth and metastasis. Using a GFP-expressing patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model of ER-positive breast cancer, we observed a dose-dependent suppression of primary tumor growth and fewer disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) in response to small molecules targeting H3K27me3 regulators. Conclusions: These results indicate that addition and removal of H3K27me3 is critical for maintenance of cell fate and plasticity. Furthermore, targeting this pathway suppresses breast cancer growth and metastasis in a mouse model of ER-positive breast cancer. Citation Format: Joseph Taube, Provas Das, Kelsey Johnson, John Landua, Lacey Dobrolecki, Michael Lewis. Blocking H3K27me3 methyltransferase or demethylase activity impacts epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity, suppressing tumor growth and metastasis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2020 San Antonio Breast Cancer Virtual Symposium; 2020 Dec 8-11; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(4 Suppl):Abstract nr PS16-07.


A new single-layer metamaterial lens antenna aimed to operate at 10 GHz is proposed in this paper. The lens antenna consists of twelve capacitively coupled unit cells distributed along a ring and illuminated by an open-ended circular waveguide with a metallic resonant ring. The theory of characteristic modes is used to analyze the metamaterial lens, in order to provide an insight into the radiation characteristics of the antenna. The proposed antenna has been optimized, obtaining a large bandwidth and a maximum directivity of 12.88 dBi at 10 GHz.


Title of Thesis: DISENTANGLING THE THERAPIST'S CONT RIBUTION TO THE THERAPEUTIC RELATIONSHIP: ATTACHMENT STYLE, COUNTERTRANSFERENCE, AND THE REAL RELATIONSHIP. Beatriz Isabel Palma Orellana, Master of Science, 2 012 Thesis directed by: Professor Charles J. Gelso Department of Psychology The current study investigated the relations among therapists' attachment, therapists' countertransference behaviors, and the real relationship therapists established with a client, as perceived by the therapists and t heir supervisors. Data were gathered from 32 therapist-supervisor dyads. Therapists comp leted measures of attachment and of the real relationship. Supervisors completed measur s on therapist's countertransference behaviors and the real relationship. Real relations hip and countertransference measures were completed based on the work of the therapist w ith an identified client. Results showed that therapists' attachment securi ty was positively and significantly related to therapists' ratings of the real relationship, but not to supervisors' ratings. Negative countertransference was related t o supervisors' ratings of strength of the real relationship, but not to counselors' ratings. Contrary to expectations, positive countertransference was not related to supervisors' ratings of the real relationship. Finally, attachment security was not related to cou ntertransference behaviors. DISENTANGLING THE THERAPIST'S CONTRIBUTION TO THE T HERAPEUTIC RELATIONSHIP: ATTACHMENT STYLE, COUNTERTRANSFERENCE , AND THE REAL RELATIONSHIP. by Beatriz Isabel Palma Orellana Thesis submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate Sch ool of the University of Maryland, College Park in partial ful fillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science 2012 Advisory Committee: Professor Charles J. Gelso, Ph.D, Chair Professor Mary Ann Hoffman, Ph.D Professor Matthew J. Miller, Ph.D


(57) Abstract: A method for estimating a precipitation rate by bipolar radar, differential phase Faidp, at least one by attenuation reflectivity Z polarity H or V, with the radar, path radius r about the radar and a given sense step of measuring over


* This research is generously supported in part by a grant from the Pew Charitable Trusts, Make Voting Work Project. The authors are indebted to Tyler Culberson for providing research assistance. † Michael P. McDonald is an Associate Professor of Government and Politics at George Mason University and a non-resident Senior Fellow at the Brookings Institution. †† Matthew Thornburg is a Ph.D. candidate of Political Science at George Mason University. 1. See, e.g., RAYMOND E. WOLFINGER & STEPHEN ROSENSTONE, WHO VOTES? 37–60 (1980); Jan E. Leighley & Jonathan Nagler, Socioeconomic Class Bias in Turnout, 1964–1988: The Voters Remain the Same, 86 AM. POL. SCI. REV. 725, 733–34 (1992). 2. See THOM FILE & SARAH CRISSEY, U.S. CENSUS BUREAU, P20-562, VOTING


Objective To investigate the factors and strategy for recurrent traumatic carotid cavernous fistula(TCCF).Methods Retrospectively analysed the cause and treatment of 16 cases with recurrent TC-CF.Sixteen patients were treated by endovascular detachable balloon(DB) embolization simple internal carotid arterial compression,DB embolization combined with hydro-detachable coils,or endovascular DB em-bolization in combination with operation.All balloons were supplied by France Balt company.Results Sixteen cases with recurrent TCCF occurred from 72 h to 3 months after treatment.Among them,10 cases were healed by endovascular DB embolization for the second time,one single-fistula case was cured by inter-nal carotid arterial compression,3 cases recurred for twice were successfully treated by endovascular DB em-bolization combined with hydro-detachable coils.Further more,in one case the fistula was completely oc-cluded with hydro-detachable coil by transvenous approach and in another case the fistula was isolated by craniotomy and then occluded by endovascular DB embolization.No complications were seen in 6 cases after complete internal carotid artery occlusion.All cases were followed up from 4 to 24 months and no recurrence occurred.Conclusion The recurrent factors of TCCF after endovascular embolization may be related to the balloon quality,balloon inflated condition,the displayed position,size of the fistula,basal skull fracture and foreign bodies,and the opening of anastomotic branches between internal and external carotid arterial system and anterior and posterior cerebral circulation.The recurrence factors should be seriously investigated and lay out a therapeutic programme before secondary treatment to achieve clinical therapeutic efficiency.


Climate change and global warming now being accepted facts have affected all the ecosystems and will do so if left uncontrolled. Impacts on some components have gained more attention while others have been neglected. Animals belong to latter. Even among the aspects relating to impacts of climate change on animals, production related impacts have gained attention when the impacts on health in general and on infectious diseases in particular are neglected.
Despite not being studied in depth, it can be assumed that as in the case of humans, climate change, in particular global warming, is likely to greatly affect the health of animals, both directly and indirectly. Direct effects include temperature-related illness and death, and the morbidity of animals during extreme weather events. Indirect impacts follow more intricate pathways and include those deriving from the attempt of animals to adapt to thermal environment or from the influence of climate on microbial populations, distribution of vector-borne diseases, host resistance to infectious agents, feed and water shortages, or food-borne diseases.
Infectious diseases especially vector-borne diseases and diseases having a stage in the environment are likely to be more affected by climate change than other diseases, but may vary depending on different factors.
 There are in general many factors operating, and considerably more work is needed on disease dynamics and how these may adapt to a changing climate. These things make impact assessment of animal diseases (in developing countries) particularly challenging. By assessing the risk of potential disease through the identification of potential pathogens and routes of disease spread, can generate forecasts of disease risk areas and implement surveillance efforts to monitor spread and plan intervention efforts in order to reduce the risk of animal disease. From the years 1906 to 2005, global average temperature has warmed by 0.74°C, and since 1961, sea level has risen on average by approximately 2 mm per year. Arctic sea ice extent has declined by 7.4% per decade and snow cover and glaciers have diminished in both hemispheres. The rate of change in climate is faster now than in any period in the last 1000 years. According to the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, in 90 years, average global temperatures will increase between 1.8°C and 4.0°C and sea level will rise between 18 and 59 cm. Extremes of the hydrologic cycle (e.g, floods and droughts) are also expected to accompany global warming trends.


Abstract We investigates the fatigue behavior of cracked piezoelectric ceramics in cyclic bending under electric fields both theoretically and experimentally. Fatigue tests were carried out in three-point bending with the single-edge precracked-beam (SEPB) specimens. The crack was created normal to the poling direction. Number of cycles to failure was measured under electric fields. Plane strain finite element analysis was also performed, and the effect of polarization switching on the energy release rate was discussed under high negative electric field. In addition, mechanisms for crack growth were discussed by scanning electron microscope examination of the fracture surface of the piezoelectric ceramics.


With the development of China's economy and society,vocational education,on one hand,has gained development rapidly,on the other hand,higher requirements to the contingent of teachers have been proposed,so how to analyze the existing problems in the building of teachers in vocational and technical education in the new area pays a crucial significance to the development of education as well as building a contingent of teachers which are suit for the development of economy.


The article constitutes a meaningful remembrance of a professor who had the satisfaction of having been involved in the foundation of the Carlos Juan Finlay Medical Detachment, so as its evocation realized by Our Commander in Chief Fidel Castro. This Detachment is a reality today and 36 years after the author shares his memories with the readers of Medisur.


These Ecole polytechnique federale de Lausanne EPFL, n° 1552 (1996)Institut des systemes informatiques et multimediasLaboratoire de realite virtuelle Reference doi:10.5075/epfl-thesis-1552Print copy in library catalog Record created on 2005-03-16, modified on 2017-05-12