Abstract The hydrology and sediment yield of the relatively undisturbed Sungai Air Terjun catchment on the forested Penang Hill was investigated in 1993–1994. Baseflow accounted for 87.3% of the total runoff, while quickflow comprised 12.7%. The suspended sediment concentration varied from an average concentration of 11.36 mg 1−1 (range: 0.5–60.5 mg 1−1) during low flow to an average concentration of 125.5 mg 1−1 (range: 11–668.7 mg 1−1) during storms. Suspended sediment transport during storms accounted for as little as 0.69% of the total sediment transport in the driest month, but as much as 52.35% in the wettest month, November 1993. The frequent high-intensity storms on the hill account for the removal of sediment from the hill. Natural disturbances, such as both landslides and human interference, affect the availability of sediment and thus influence variations in sediment output.


nal relations of the Community as an international legal personality representing its member states where it is competent to do so. The text is preceded by five tables listing court cases, Community treaties, Community acts, international agreements, and national constitutions and laws, cited or discusses in the volume. The work also in· eludes three appendices: treaty provisions held to be directly applicable; bases of jurisdiction of the European Court; and Community agreements in force or valid after January 1, 1981. In view of the wealth of information offered and of the extremely well-organized presentation of the material, this new edition of EEC Law is highly recommended for scholarly institutions, law offices, and librarians.


. The undecidability of the existence of a nonmetrizable normal picket fence space is established and used to establish the undecidability of the following statement: Any family of approach curves (approaching a point in R2) along which cluster sets can be arbitrarily preassigned has a nonintersecting truncation.


In this thesis I will examine the relationship between watershed restoration and my own traditional teachings. One of my goals is to demonstrate how understanding Indigenous ways of knowing can help others understand the importance of watershed restoration, and also how getting local people involved is an essential aspect of effective conservation and restoration. I will use my tribe, On<yote>a=k@=-People of the Standing Stone, otherwise known as the Oneida Nation of Wisconsin, as a case study 1. The Upper Wakarusa watershed in Lawrence, KS will be used to compare how different strategies in watershed restoration are employed in non-Indian community. Abstract 1 Table of Contents 2 Acknowledgements 3 Prayer 4 Chapter 1: Indigenous Philosophy


The solidified bodies are prepared by adding different content jarosite slag in Portland cement by normal curing at 50 ℃, 100 % humidity and for 56 d. The effects of addition amount of jarosite slag on strength and microstructure of solidification body are studied. The effects of the hydrothermal extreme envi-ronments with temperature of 200 ℃and pressure of 1.56 MPa on the structure, morphology and strength of solidified body are studied. The result indicates that after being cured at normal condition, the phase of so-lidifies body are trabzonite, hydration calcium aluminum silicate and hydration calcium. The structure of so-lidification body becomes loose, and the content of gypsum increases with the increase of jarosite slag con-tent. After being treated in extreme environments, the phase of solidifies body are mainly calcium aluminum silicate and calcium silicate with increase of crystallization, dehydrating of gypsum, loosening of solidification structure and reduction in its strength, and the maximum addition amount of jarosite is 60 %.


In order to guarantee good fairness and high throughput in wireless sensor networks,this research gives an analysis of the existing fairness scheduling algorithm and proposes a multiple packet-scheduling algorithm based on fairness. The node is within one hop to Gateway,after every successful getting the channel in the competition with other nodes,each stack in the node has a packet,and the node will send multiple packets. Otherwise,the node will be waiting for a period of time. Through a simulationexperiment,the network has good fairness and high throughput.


The performance of many LLNL applications is dominated by the cost of main memory accesses. Worse, many current trends in computer architecture will lead to substantial degradation of the percentage of peak performance obtained by these codes. This project yields novel techniques that alleviate this problem in SMP-based systems, which are common at LLNL. Further, our techniques will complement other emerging mechanisms for improving memory system performance, such as processor-in-memory. The exploration of existing dynamic access ordering (DAO) mechanisms adapted to SMPs and the development of new memory performance optimization techniques will lead to significant improvements in run times for LLNL applications on future computing platforms, effectively increasing the size of the platform. In this project, we have focused on a range of techniques to overcome the performance bottleneck of current multiprocessor systems and to increase the single-node efficiency. These efforts include the design and implementation of a toolset to analyze memory access patterns of applications, the exploration of regularity metrics and their use to classify code behavior, and a set of microbenchmarks to assess and quantify the performance of SMP memory systems. We will make these tools available to the general laboratory user community to help the evaluation andmore » optimization of LLNL applications. In addition, we explored the use of Dynamic Access Ordering (DAO) techniques in the realm of shared memory multiprocessors. The most critical part of the latter is the need to maintain coherence among reordered accesses due to possible aliasing. We have worked on several design alternatives to guarantee consistency in such systems without changing the user environment. This guarantees that such novel memory systems will be directly applicable for existing and future HPC codes at LLNL.« less


We compute the two-, three- and four-point correlation functions from the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) first-year data and compare these with a Monte Carlo ensemble of 5000 realizations based on the best-fit WMAP running-index spectrum of Gaussian fluctuations. The analysis is carried out in three steps, covering small (<72'), intermediate (<5°), and large scales (up to 180°). On the largest scales our results are consistent with the previously reported hemisphere power asymmetries: the northern ecliptic hemisphere is practically devoid of large-scale fluctuations, while the southern hemisphere shows relatively strong fluctuations. We also detect excess correlations in W-band difference maps as compared with the detailed noise simulations produced by the WMAP team, possibly indicative of unknown systematics. While unlikely to affect any temperature-based results, this effect could potentially be important for the upcoming polarization data. On intermediate angular scales we find hints of a similar anisotropic distribution of power as seen on the very largest scales, but not to the same extent. In general, the model is accepted on these scales. Finally, the same is also true on the smallest scales probed in this paper.


A comprehensive study of three-photon electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and absorption (EIA) on the rubidium cascade $5{S}_{1/2}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}5{P}_{3/2}$ (laser wavelength 780 nm), $5{P}_{3/2}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}5{D}_{5/2}$ (776 nm), and $5{D}_{5/2}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}28{F}_{7/2}$ (1260 nm) is performed. The 780-nm probe and 776-nm dressing beams are counteraligned through a Rb room-temperature vapor cell, and the 1260-nm coupler beam is co- or counteraligned with the probe beam. Several cases of EIT and EIA, measured over a range of detunings of the 776-nm beam, are studied. The observed phenomena are modeled by numerically solving the Lindblad equation, and the results are interpreted in terms of the probe-beam absorption behavior of velocity- and detuning-dependent dressed states. Interaction-time effects are discussed. To explore the utility of three-photon Rydberg EIA and EIT for microwave electric-field diagnostics, a sub-THz field generated by a signal source and a frequency quadrupler is applied to the Rb cell. The 100.633-GHz field resonantly drives the $28{F}_{7/2}\ensuremath{\leftrightarrow}29{D}_{5/2}$ transition and causes Autler-Townes splittings in the Rydberg EIA and EIT spectra, which are measured and employed to characterize the performance of the microwave quadrupler.


In the first of a new series looking at the nuts and bolts of pre-school administration, Karen Hart outlines the key information required from parents and how you can ensure that this is understood by staff and kept up-to-date.


As an important dairy product with rich cream flavor,butter is widely used in baking and catering industry. This article presented the characteristic,status,deficiency,as well as the future trends of Chinese butter industry.


Abstract : This report results from a contract tasking Bulgarian Academy of Sciences as follows: The grantee will investigate the effects of various solar drivers on the dynamics of the stratosphere and on the geomagnetic disturbances to the earth. To accomplish this, the grantee will create a database of all registered coronal mass ejections, magnetic clouds, solar flares, and high speed solar streams; neutral wind measurements at different atmospheric levels in the period of the above events; ionospheric disturbances measured at different stations worldwide;and different geomagnetic indices. In addition, the reaction of the neutral winds, ionospheric parameters and geomagnetic disturbances will be studied for the different solar drivers. Finally, a conclusion will be made about specific effects of solar drivers on the middle atmosphere.


ing self-motivated for social and political reconstruction; but such self-motivation is conditioned by certain social factors which may or may not exi-s-t. in all societies always Moreover, there is general approval for this kind of student or youth service, provided it is properly guided and directed on peaceful and socially useful lines. So young people need to be systematically motivated for community service, for their own benefit and that of the community.


Using 1987-88 National Survey of Families and Household data, this study provides some insight as to the prevalence and characteristics of ever-divorced white women who attempted a marital reconciliation before becoming divorced. In about 30% of the first marriages that end in divorce in the United States, a period of separation and reconciliation has preceded the woman's divorce. Using multivariate analysis, we find that age at first separation and duration between marriage and first separation have a significant negative relationship with attempting a reconciliation before becoming divorced. Education and age homogamy between the spouses are also significantly related to attempting a reconciliation. The implications of these results are discussed.


Thermal conductivity, k, of GMO crystal was measured for temperatures from 0.5 to 80 K. The maximum of k was observed at 18 K and its value depended on the actual domain state of the sample. The ferroelastic domain walls and antiphase boundaries, characterised by elastic inhomogeneities, are responsible for additional phonon scattering and a decrease in the thermal conductivity. The deviation of the temperature dependence of thermal conductivity from the classical Debye theory observed below 4 K is related to the anomalous behaviour of specific heat in the region of the antiferromagnetic transition at T/sub N/=0.3 K.


The purpose of this book is to set forward a comprehensive review of current research and clinical practice in supporting children and young people with acute or chronic illness. It also aims to enable the reader to make links to effective practice through relevant suggestions or guidelines, hence applying the research findings to a practical provision level. The introduction states clearly the intended audience for the work, noting that whilst the number of children with acute or chronic illness who require direct input from a specialist psychologist will be small, all those with such an illness will have contact with their multidisciplinary healthcare team members, who originate from a wide range of health services. Therefore the need is established effectively for a generally well-informed health professional, who can take account of the psychological well-being of the children and young people with whom they work and can respond in ways that will promote this. Moving this recognition of the part that psychological well-being plays in the medical care of children and their families from a specific targeted service to those working within generic universal services seems to me to be the fundamental strength of the book, enabling all those working with the children and their families to have a more informed understanding of the wealth of research that serves to illuminate and guide effective medical care provision. I would go further than the authors themselves and suggest that this is also a useful beginning text for those in education with pastoral care responsibility in school settings as well as health; for example, Chapter 8: Education, School and Peer Relationships. Indeed this is an area worthy of more exploration, as the philosophy of educational inclusion within Children's Services requires more integrated working around the needs of the child and their family, including children with acute and chronic illness. This book is a specialist text clearly located within a range of texts, each covering a focused area in the field, and this is supportive to the reader firstly to recognise the parameters of the book but secondly to identify books that may also be of interest, through a complementary and related content.


Organic–inorganic metal halide hybrids have emerged as a new class of materials with fascinating optical and electronic properties. The exceptional structure tunability has enabled the development of materials with various dimensionalities at the molecular level, from three-dimensional (3D) to 2D, 1D, and 0D. Here, we report a new 1D lead chloride hybrid, C4N2H14PbCl4, which exhibits unusual inverse excitation-dependent broadband emission from bluish-green to yellow. Density functional theory calculations were performed to better understand the mechanism of this excitation-dependent broadband emission. This 1D hybrid material is found to have two emission centers, corresponding to the self-trapped excitons (STEs) and vacancy-bound excitons. The excitation-dependent emission is due to different populations of these two types of excitons generated at different excitation wavelengths. This work shows the rich chemistry and physics of organic–inorganic metal halide hybrids and paves the way to achieving novel...


The skin acts as a protective barrier against a number of hazards within our environment. These hazards can be chemical (e.g. acids, alkalis, solvents, or oils), biological, (e.g. bacteria, plant allergens, or raw food), or physical (e.g. ultraviolet light or mechanical shearing forces). Occupational skin diseases are significant, with irritant contact dermatitis being the commonest. Pre-existing skin diseases and occupational skin diseases have implications for employment, where legal considerations are relevant. When workers are exposed to hazardous substances at work, employers have a duty under the Control of Substances Hazardous to Health regulations. When severe, occupational skin diseases may warrant workplace adjustments or redeployment.


IN the period that followed the ending of hostilities in 1945 a number of industries in France, as in Great Britain, were nationalised in the sense that the assets of the bodies previously engaged in the industry were transferred to new establishments or corporations of a public nature charged with the duty of carrying on the industry concerned. In both countries the methods of transfer and the constitutions of the new establishments naturally varied according to the particular circumstances of the nationalisation in question. Individual cases provide striking parallels which are naturally closest when it is the same industry that is involved. Nevertheless, interesting comparisons might be made even when quite different types of activity are concerned. Thus there are certain resemblances between the methods, though not between the motives, involved in the nationalisation of the Renault Motor Works in France and that of Cable and Wireless, Ltd., in Britain. In each case the existing shares in the undertaking were simply transferred to the State with a minimum of interference with the remainder of the organisation.' In France, however, this particular operation was intended to be of a punitive nature and no compensation was made to M. Louis Renault who was virtually the sole shareholder in the concern that bore bis name.


The utility model discloses a supporting frame with the adjustable height. The supporting frame with the adjustable height comprises a first panel and a second panel. A first rod piece, a second rod piece, a third rod piece and a fourth rod piece are arranged between the first panel and the second panel. One end of the first rod piece and one end of the second rod piece are connected to the first panel through a first rotating pin, and one end of the third rod piece and one end of the fourth rod piece are connected to the second panel through a second rotating pin. The first panel and the second panel are used for increasing the contact face and improving the stability, the first rod piece, the second rod piece, the third rod piece and the fourth rod piece are connected and combined with one another through the rotating pins to form a prism, and the height of the supporting frame is changed by adjusting the width between opposite angles through bolt columns. The supporting frame is simple in structure and convenient to operate, the height of the supporting frame can be changed at any time, and the using range is enlarged.


Objective
To explore the use of the ovarian vascular pedicle sign(OVPS) as well as the diameters of ovarian veins to differentiate the fmales with a large pelvic mass on multidetector CT (MDCT).

Methods
In our study, from October 2006 to April 2011, we elected 297 patients, who had clinical diagnosis of gynecological tumor in our hospital. We observed retrospectively whether there was OVPS or not in each case with MDCT, and divided into patient group (n=208, the source of ovarian tumor involving the side) and the control group (n=386, non-ovarian source of ovarian tumors involving the side + the uninjured side). We measured the diameter of bilateral ovarian vein with MDCT. The pathological results was served as the golden standard, and diagnostic test was performed for OVPS.

Results
①Compared with the pathological results, results show that the presence of OVPS on MDCT was statistically significant (P<0.005) to differentiate the source of the ovarian tumor, and the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 97.60%(203/208), 92.75%(358/386), 87.88%(203/231), 98.62%(358/363), and diagnostic accuracy rate was 94.44%(561/594). ② there was significant difference in the diameter of the ovarian veins between the mass side and contralateral side in the patients with an ovarian mass.

Conclusion
OVPS plays an important role in locating the source of ovarian tumor in females with a large pelvic mass. and the value of the diameter of the ovarian veins in differentiating ovarian origin or not was low.

Key words:
ovarian vascular pedicle sign; ovarian vein; ovarian tumor; tomography; X-ray computer


New possibilities opened up by synchrotron radiation present
x-ray tomography as an experimental imaging method to study the
microstructural evolution during cement hydration. The present
work demonstrates the potential of synchrotron-radiation
microtomography for the investigation of cement structure after
solidification. Quantitative determination of the spatial
absorption- coefficient distribution due to the use of
monochromatic radiation and the achieved high spatial
resolution allows us to characterise the hydration process of
cement volume on a micrometre scale in three dimensions. In
particular, effects as the formation of microcracks and pores
related to autogeneous shrinkage involved with the hydration
process could be observed for the first time with down to one
micrometre resolution.


Recent years have seen a tremendous rise of two-dimensional (2D) magnetic materials, several of which verified experimentally. However, most of the theoretical predictions to date rely on ab-initio methods, at zero temperature and fluctuations-free, while one certainly expects detrimental quantum fluctuations at finite temperatures. Here we present the solution of the quantum Heisenberg model for honeycomb/hexagonal lattices with anisotropic exchange interaction up to third nearest neighbors and in an applied field in arbitrary direction, that answers the question whether long-range magnetization can indeed survive in the ultrathin limit of materials, up to which temperature, and what the characteristic excitation (magnon) frequencies are, all essential to envisaged applications of magnetic 2D materials. We validate the calculations on the examples of monolayer CrI3, CrBr3 and MnSe2. Moreover, we provide an easy-to-use tool to calculate Curie temperatures of new 2D computational materials.


Defending a ship under attack by an incoming cruise missile requires accurate estimates of the missile's dynamic state. However, obtaining accurate estimates from radar position measurements can be difficult if the missile is flying close to the earth's surface. This is because the radar measurements of low flying targets contain multipath noise. Multipath noise is a nonstationary highly correlated, large amplitude noise that can completely obscure the true measurements and make the target appear to be below the earth's surface. Faced with this type of measurement noise, unconstrained estimators can produce estimates with negative altitude and other physically meaningless characteristics. In this paper, we present an algorithm for a constrained optimal target state estimator that incorporates the physical limitations of the missile to obtain more accurate estimates of the missile's state in the presence of multipath noise.


After my mother died last year, my three siblings and I spent time together, something that, as adults, we had never really done before. There's a big age gap between my siblings and me; they are ten, fourteen, and sixteen years older than me. My eldest sister left home when I was six months old. They were all married by the time I was nine. And the four of us live hundreds, in some cases thousands, of miles apart. British Columbia, Nova Scotia, England.


We demonstrate a digital-to-optical-to-digital link operating at 10 Gb/s with 2.4 pJ/b below 10-9 BER enabled by zero-change CMOS macros. All necessary electronic-photonic circuits are contained within 0.015 mm2 of silicon area.


Abstract: This paper will review the character set and frame structure employed to transmit channel programs, data, and status information over ESCON links. In addition, the performance aspects of the components of an ESCON adapter card will be discussed. Based on these conceptual discussions, a back-of-the-envelope model of ESCON frame traffic flow will be introduced which will be used to relate the performance aspects of DIB size, data buffer size, and ESCON transmission distance.


Another ... friendly and creative ... author-editor interaction is presented in which several basic conundrums in physics are mentioned, conundrums no physicist seems to care about ...


In the experts' literature about solid waste management (SWM), the type of economic service that municipal solid waste management constitutes is not clear: Is it a public service? Or is it a market economy activity? SWM would both be « a demand-driven business, a policy-driven activity and a public good » (UN-Habitat 2010, 164). The problem is that SWM is composed of many different tasks, which can be unbundled. Whereas street sweeping may be considered as a public good, the door-to-door collection's status is not as obvious: it still can be assimilated to a public good, yet it is one of the services « most easily converted to a private good, being divisible among consumers for services and payments » (Baud et Post 2003).


This table presents a list of commodity prices traded by the Jews. The table is divided into the following headings: year/ commodity; cereal (grain, wheat); wine/must/grapes; and textiles. Commodity prices from 1298 to 1492 are covered here.Keywords: cereal; commodities; Jews; prices; textiles


tion(MDI) insulin regimen and assess if modality of BG monitoring has an impact on GC. To further assess the correlation of GC with age of the patient. Secondary outcomes included severe hypoglycemia and DKA episodes. Methods Retrospective data was collected from FilePromaker database from June 2019 to October 2020 for all CYP T1D under the care of the Paediatric Diabetic Unit.This included data on age,management regime,modality of BG monitoring, HbA1c (laboratory and validated point of care blood tests at each diabetes related appointment), Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) readmissions and severe hypoglycemia episodes. Mean HbA1c(mHb) was calculated for each patient during the study period in mmol/mol. GC was compared in two groups IP and MDI. Further analysis to evaluate impact of modality used for BG monitoring was undertaken. This included finger prick self blood glucose monitoring (SBGM) with a smart BG meter, flash glucose monitoring (FGM) or continuous glucose monitor (CGM). We also further looked at GC for children under 12 years(y) and over 12y in each group.


Abstract The debate on the 'where' of the Balkans seem to be stuck between national paradigms and a nostalgia for cosmopolitanism. This essay explores an alternative spatial mapping of the region, opening it up to the wider Eastern-Mediterranean, in particular the fuzzy and contested notion of the Levant. First, it looks into various instances of 'the Levant' and 'the Levantine,' ranging from Turkish and Greek to Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian examples – with a particular focus on the latter. Secondly, by then 'levantinizing' the Balkans, in an explicit analogy to Édouard Glissant's understanding of 'creolization' in the Caribbean, it attempts to draw the outlines of a geography of encounters. Finally, it offers a sample of what such a geography might look like and what its literary-historical repercussions might be, bringing together the work of Semezdin Mehmedinović and Etel Adnan.


433 Background: Urinary bladder cancer is the fifth most frequent cancer diagnosed and among the most expensive cancers to treat in the United States. The management of muscle-invasive tumors presents a clinical challenge because of the toxicity and limitations in efficacy and durability of current therapeutic modalities. Novel therapeutic strategies for this disease are of paramount importance. Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) receptors and its splice variant were detected in a series of urothelial malignancies and GHRH has been shown to influence the growth of these tumors. Herein we evaluated the effect of GHRH antagonists on the growth of various experimental human urinary bladder cancers in vitro and in vivo in nude mice. Methods: We investigated the effects of several GHRH antagonists MIA 602, MIA 606 and MIA 690 on growth of urothelial HT-1376, J82, and RT-4 tumors xenografted into nude mice. The presence of GHRH receptors was validated by Western blotting. Results: The receptors for GHRH an...


the question of whether an antiplatelet effect of the Ginkgo extract may have contributed to the patient's hemorrhage, as the patient had been previously stable on her anticoagulant treatment, with anticoagulation laboratory parameters that were not above the therapeutic range. Since our report of a 33-year-old woman with spontaneous bilateral subdural hematomas occurring coincident with chronic Ginkgo biloba ingestion,' and Gilbert's report,2 there has been another published case of a possible hemorrhagic complication of this herbal medication. Rosenblatt and Minde17 reported a 70year-old man who had been taking 40 mg of concentrated Ginkgo biloba extract twice daily for 1 week who presented with spontaneous bleeding from the iris into the anterior chamber of the eye. Rosenblatt and Mindel's patient was also taking 325 mg of aspirin daily. They suggested that the coingestion of two antiplatelet agents might have contributed to the hemorrhagic risk. These cases do not prove that Ginkgo biloba contributed to the hemorrhages in these patients, or even that there is any clinically relevant antiplatelet effect of this medication? It should be noted that in a recent placebo-controlled randomized trial of Ginkgo biloba extract for dementia that involved 309 patients, the one subdural hematoma that occurred was in the placebo group.* Nonetheless, a possible clinically relevant antiplatelet effect of Ginkgo biloba is suggested by the previously reported case^',^,^ and Matthews' case. Until there is evidence to the contrary, it seems prudent to be judicious in the use of Ginkgo biloba, and to instruct patients who are taking anticoagulants not to take this popular herbal medication.


One of the most important areas of the water utilities is the water quality management. This area is responsible of guaranteeing safety in the water supply to the citizens. The strategy to guarantee the safety is based on two principal elements: disinfection and monitoring. Disinfection techniques, such as chlorination, allow to prevent the growing of microorganisms present in the water. Moreover, in order to guarantee this safety in the whole water network and avoid any unexpected event, on-line sensors are required to monitor a set of quality parameters. The whole process is based on the assumption that the information retrieved from quality sensors is totally reliable. But due to the complexity of the calibration and maintenance of these chemical sensors, several factors affect the accuracy of the raw data collected. Consequently, any decision based on this raw data might be based on a non solid base. Therefore, this work presents a data analytics approach consisting in two modules: fault diagnosis and prognosis. The fault diagnosis module first discerns if a sensor is detecting a real change on water quality parameters or actually is providing inconsistent information due to some malfunction. The prognosis module aims to predict the fault instant due to a slow degradation, which is very common in chlorine sensors. This approach allows to apply a predictive maintenance strategy reducing corrective actions. The proposed methodology has been satisfactorily tested on the Barcelona Drinking Water Network.


The frequency separation between two simultaneously sounding tones necessary to give perception of two pitches has been investigated. Frequency levels of 200, 1000, 4000, 6000, and 10 000 cps were used. For the two‐ear condition (where one tone was led to one ear, the other tone to the other ear), no striking differences were found between results at sensation levels of 10, 30, and 50 db. When both tones were led to the same ear, results tended to approach the two‐ear situation when masking and interaction effects were minimized.The relation of the two‐ear results to localization is discussed. Finally special phenomena are described which arise when two low frequencies, related by simple multiples, are used in the two‐ear situation.


Quantum theory of the free Maxwell field in Minkowski space is constructed using a representation in which the self dual connection is diagonal. Quantum states are now holomorphic functionals of self dual connections and a decomposition of fields into positive and negative frequency parts is unnecessary. The construction requires the introduction of new mathematical techniques involving "holomorphic distributions". The method extends also to linear gravitons in Minkowski space. The fact that one can recover the entire Fock space –with particles of both helicities– from self dual connections alone provides independent support for a non-perturbative, canonical quantization program for full general relativity based on self dual variables.


Diagnosing axial disease in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) has been largely dependent on identifying inflammatory back pain (IBP), which itself has been difficult to define. We review the criteria used to identify IBP in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and other forms of spondyloarthritis. Recently, the Ankylosing SpondyloArthritis International Society (ASAS) developed a list of clinical and radiographic criteria for identifying IBP in patients with AS. However, it is more difficult to identify IBP in patients with PsA because generally they have less pain than patients with rheumatoid arthritis or AS. Further, PsA patients may have clinical symptoms of pain but negative radiographs. It may be more useful to identify sacroiliitis or syndesmophytes by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), since MRI identifies lesions in the sacroiliac joints and the spine much earlier than can be detected on radiographs. In summary, all patients with PsA should be assessed for axial involvement with history, physical examination, and imaging. Patients with psoriasis whose history includes onset of back pain before age 40 years, the presence of night pain, and improvement with exercise but not with rest, or who have limited neck or back mobility, should be referred to a rheumatologist.


Abstract Wide use of induction motor drives makes the problems related to induction motors very topical. One of such problems is the maximal utilization of torque and velocity of induction motors. In this regard the use and accurate adjustment of rotor magnetic flux observers may be helpful. The technique of observer adjustment is subject of special interest. This technique can be regarded as optimal if it ensures constant acceleration that, in turn, corresponds to constant magnitude of active and magnetizing components of stator current. In contrast, nonoptimal tuning of the magnetic flux observer creates a transient response caused by variation of magnetic and active components of the stator current resulting in changing acceleration of the motor. However, the parameters of non-optimal process can be used for fine tuning of the observer which considers the variation of the time constants obtained analyzing the drive's magnetic circuit saturation. It is possible to conclude that implementation of fine adjustment of rotor magnetic flux observer is of critical importance for induction motor torque and velocity maximum utilization.


Conjugated linoleic acids(CLA) are a kind of important nutrients,which have many biological roles.Many studies indicated that dietary CLA would improve feed conversion,meat quality and regulate immune function in animals.Recent advances on molecular mechanisms of Conjugated linoleic acids,particularly on fatty acid metabolism and immune function were reviewed.Researches in the future are also suggested in this paper.[Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2006,18(Suppl):329-333


Work deals with the characteristics of family environment, contact center clients. In the theoretical part, the author defines the basic concepts related to family. It also deals with social pathologies, especially dependence and describes the contact center and servi-ces offered by these devices. The research part of this thesis provides an analysis of family environment clients contact center of the Zlin Region. Based on the survey process the author describes the specifics of family environment such persons.


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Texture adaptation is a challenging issue in texture-based feature visualization. In order to visualize as more information as we can, this paper presents a texture adaptation technique based on extended information entropy. A new definition of information entropy for 3D vector field is proposed to quantitatively represent the information carried by them. A discussion of results is included to demonstrate our algorithm which leads to a more reasonable visualization results based on texture adaption with information entropy.


Based on the analysis of the vehicle vibration system and considering the effects of the body's roll, pitch and seat on the vibration, this paper establishes an 11-degree-of-freedom vibration model of the vehicle. Then, with the help of MATLAB/SIMULIK, the vertical vibration of the vehicle is simulated, which considers the asymmetry of the road surface excitation and the lag effect of the rear wheel input. After optimizing the suspension parameters, this paper compares the seat acceleration and the dynamic deflection of the suspension before and after optimization. The results show that the model established in this paper has a certain effect on improving the riding comfort of the vehicle.


Despite the tremendous market penetration of smartphones, their utility has been and will remain severely limited by their battery life. A major source of smartphone battery drain is accessing the Internet over cellular or WiFi connection when running various apps and services. Despite much anecdotal evidence of smartphone users experiencing quicker battery drain in poor signal strength, there has been limited understanding of how often smartphone users experience poor signal strength and the quantitative impact of poor signal strength on the phone battery drain. The answers to such questions are essential for diagnosing and improving cellular network services and smartphone battery life and help to build more accurate online power models for smartphones, which are building blocks for energy profiling and optimization of smartphone apps. In this paper, we conduct the first measurement and modeling study of the impact of wireless signal strength on smartphone energy consumption. Our study makes four contributions. First, through analyzing traces collected on 3785 smartphones for at least one month, we show that poor signal strength of both 3G and WiFi is routinely experienced by smartphone users, both spatially and temporally. Second, we quantify the extra energy consumption on data transfer induced by poor wireless signal strength. Third, we develop a new power model for WiFi and 3G that incorporates the signal strength factor and significantly improves the modeling accuracy over the previous state of the art. Finally, we perform what-if analysis to quantify the potential energy savings from opportunistically delaying network traffic by exploring the dynamics of signal strength experienced by users.


Known of water movement into soil that a porous media with three-phase gives important clues about character of S-matrix. Water directly affects on soil physicochemical properties thus, measuring of water conductivity into soil is extremely important. Under laboratory conditions, cumbersome saturated hydraulic conductivity tests conducted by using Mariotte bottle which is usually time-consuming and tedious for researchers. The objective of this study was to predict of saturated vertical hydraulic conductivity values (Ks) of soils with pedotransfer functions (PTFs) generated by some basic soil physical properties and water constants. For this purpose, twenty-five surface soil samples (0-15 cm depth) were collected from Kahramanmaraş-Narlı Plain. Routine soil properties, water constants and Ks were measured. Then, the data set was statistically evaluated and PTFs were generated by multiple linear regression method to estimate Ks. In order to compare the measured Ks values by traditional method and predicted Ks values with generated PTFs, determination coefficient (R) was used, and the highest R was obtained as 0.846. The results of this research pointed out that generated pedotransfer models can be used with the aim of predicting Ks in Kahramanmaraş-Narlı Plain.


E.H. is a 5 year-old girl who presented to an academic multidisciplinary spine center with a chief complaint of abdominal and back pain for one year. The patients' pain, which progressed from intermittent to constant, was located on the right side of the peri-umbilical and thoracolumbar areas. She reported incomplete relief with ibuprofen and codeine. She also reported generalized malaise, constipation, and insomnia due to night pain. There was no weight loss or fever reported. The patients' musculoskeletal and abdominal exam was normal except for midline lower thoracic pain to palpation. She underwent a complete gastrointestinal and genito-urinary evaluation including computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen and pelvis, renal ultrasound, and urinalysis none of which demonstrated significant pathology. In addition, complete hematology was within normal limits with the exception of an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate of 40. Plain films, bone scan, CT with sagittal and coronal reformations and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the thoracic spine were ordered.


Dietary supplements are getting increasingly popular nowadays. In this work, the mechanisms behind dietary supplement sales are explained, using commu


Fermentation and quality characteristics of chestnut wine prepared with various ratio raw materials such as rice koji, rice flour, corn starch koji and corn starch were investigated during fermentation. 1. The proximate composition of chestnut were 63.60%, moisture; 1.18%, ash; 3.02%, crude protein;...


Recent research on purchase delay have developed numerous situational and individual causes. This paper proposes Consumer Procrastination to conceptualize the individual factor which influence people to chronically delay their purchases. Consumer Procrastination is measured with a new scale. An experiment is designed to show the importance of its impact on the decision to not choose along with context effects.


To evaluate the effects of Korean red ginseng on immune cells and serologic markers in HIV-infected individuals, an outpatient-based prospective study was done for 6 months. Ninety two HIV-infected individuals were divided into 4 groups; Control (CON) (n=24), Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) (n=23), Zidovudine (ZDV) (n=29), and Combination of KRG and ZDV (COM) (n=16). KRG was administered p.o. daily 5.4 grams in the form of a capsule (300mg). Dose of ZDV was 300-500 mg/day. The status of patients was assessed by routine physical examination, hematology, HIV p24 antigen, CD4+ and CDS+ cell percentage, soluble CD4 (sCD4) and CDS (sCDS) antigen. At the end of 6 months' trial, CD 4+ cell percentage increased in KRG (23%, p 0.05). The sCD4 in KRG decreased from 36.4 +- 47.1 U/ml to 28.0 +- 35.5 after 3 months (p<0.05) and to 293 +- 35.3 after 6 months (p=0.08). These data strongly suggest that KRG, either alone or in combination with ZDV, has a significant beneficial effect on HIV-infected patients.


We propose a highly accurate approximate solution for Navier-Stokes Equation (NSE) based on the similarity between NSE and Advection Diffusion Equation (ADE). First, we present the analytical exact solution of ADE using a Green function (integral kernel) that is obtained from the diffusion equation over uniform flow field (or velocity field) in three dimensional (3D) boundless region under arbitrary initial condition. Next, from the explicit similarity between NSE and ADE, we derive the approximate solution of NSE using the analytical solution of ADE.


Succinic anhydride was employed to synthesis estradiol(E2)derivative,which was conjugated to BSA as immunogen and to OVA as coating antigen,by the EDC method.The results of IR and UV-visible spectrum indicated that the artificial antigen was synthesized successfully and the conjugation ratio of E2-BSA was 12.3∶1.E2-BSA was introduced to immunize BALB/c mice, and cell fusion technology was employed to screen hybridoma cell lines and produce anti-E2monoclonal antibodies.Finally,Three hybridoma cells named E2D5、E3F7and E4A6were screened out, which antibody titers were more than 8×104.Based on the E3F7hybridoma,an icELISA standard curve was developed,and the dynamic range was from 0.06to 66.2μg/L,with a detection limit and IC50values of 0.03and 0.76μg/L,respectively.No cross-reaction with other compounds was observed except 22.9%for dehydrogenation.Therefore,this research put a potential for the development of ELISA kits and provide an alternative method for the detection of E2residues in food producing animals.


This report describes the Aerial Radiological Measuring System (ARMS) designed and operated by EG and G, Inc., for the Energy Research and Development Administration's (ERDA) Division of Operational Safety with the cooperation of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Designed to rapidly survey large areas for low-level man-made radiation, the ARMS has also proven extremely useful in locating lost radioactive sources of relatively low activity. The system consists of sodium iodide scintillation detectors, data formatting and recording equipment, positioning equipment, meteorological instruments, direct readout hardware, and data analysis equipment. The instrumentation, operational procedures, data reduction techniques and system sensitivities are described, together with their applications and sample results.


Meat is the most perishable of all important foods since it contains sufficient nutrients needed to support the growth of microorganisms. Meat is susceptible to bacterial decomposition, which results in the production of off odors, followed by slime production and structural breakdown. Curing refers to modifications of the meat that affect shelf life, flavor, color, and tenderness due to added curing ingredients. The prime purpose of curing is to produce unique-flavored meat products; a secondary purpose is to preserve the red color of meat. Curing of meat is done to stop this decomposition of meat caused by microorganisms and to retain the color of meat. A part of sample (beef) was treated with turmeric and a part with mixture of turmeric and nitrite and rest was kept as control i.e.; without any treatment. All the three samples were kept in low density polythene at room temperature (20 o C ±2 o C). (70 o C±5%) RH. The moisture content, pH and microbial load of the samples were evaluated at 0, 15 and 30 days of storage. Results revealed that the mean value for the moisture content elucidated statistically showed a significant decrease (4.02-2.92) during the storage period of 30 days at (P <0.05).The pH of control sample (7.42) was higher as compared to turmeric and nitrite (7.14) as well as turmeric treated sample(6.94).Significant changes were also observed in microbial load of the samples. The microbial load of turmeric and nitrite treated sample (6.37×10 4 ) as well as that of turmeric treated sample (5.67×10 4 ) was lower as compared to control sample (7.72×10 4 ).


Active end-to-end available bandwidth estimation is intrusive, expensive, inaccurate, and does not work well with bursty cross traffic or on high capacity links. Yet, it is important for designing high performant networked systems, improving network protocols, building distributed systems, and improving application performance. In this paper, we present minProbe which addresses unsolved issues that have plagued available bandwidth estimation. As a middlebox, minProbe measures and estimates available bandwidth with high-fidelity, minimal-cost, and in userspace; thus, enabling cheaper (virtually no overhead) and more accurate available bandwidth estimation. MinProbe performs accurately on high capacity networks up to 10 Gbps and with bursty cross traffic. We evaluated the performance and accuracy of minProbe over a wide-area network, the National Lambda Rail (NLR), and within our own network testbed. Results indicate that minProbe can estimate available bandwidth with error typically no more than 0.4 Gbps in a 10 Gbps network.


The invention discloses a machine vision based headlamp follow-up steering control method. The machine vision based headlamp follow-up steering control method comprises the following steps of fixing a vehicle-mounted camera on the central axis of a vehicle to acquire images, fixing a sensor group on the edge of the camera, installing ranging radars on the front side, rear side, left side and right side of the vehicle, installing a camera on one side of each radar, utilizing a mean value method to perform background modeling, converting all frames of images in acquired video data into gray level images, conducting differential operation on the gray level images and corresponding modeling background, conducting filtering processing on differential images to remove noise, utilizing preset threshold values to detect the differential images and determining a turning angel of a headlamp through a central processor. The machine vision based headlamp follow-up steering control method utilizes machine vision to replace a driver to sense the front road situation, achieves active control on headlamp turning, instead of passive control. Mean values serve as pixel gray values of background images, and control accuracy is further improved.


.............................................................................................................................ii Dedication ........................................................................................................................... v Acknowledgements ........................................................................................................... vi List of Tables ....................................................................................................................xii List of Figures ................................................................................................................ xiii Executive Summary ........................................................................................................... 1 Problem of Practice ..................................................................................................... 2 Professional Context ................................................................................................... 2 Theoretical Frameworks ............................................................................................ 4 Synthesis of Relevant Research Literature ............................................................... 5 Research Purpose and Objective ............................................................................... 6 Research Design ............................................................................................................ 7 Intervention............................................................................................................. 8 Data Collection and Analysis ................................................................................. 8 Findings ........................................................................................................................ 9 Chapter 1 – Technology and Teacher Practices ........................................................... 10 Problem of Practice ................................................................................................... 15 Theoretical Framework ............................................................................................ 16 Underlying Factors of Technology Integration ...................................................... 18 The Role of Society and Culture .......................................................................... 18 The Role of Federal and District Policies............................................................. 19 The Role of the School Culture and Climate........................................................ 25 The Role of School Leadership ............................................................................ 28 The Role of Teachers............................................................................................ 30 The Role of Students ............................................................................................ 33 Summary .................................................................................................................... 36 Chapter 2 – Teacher Technology Practices: Needs Assessment.................................. 39 Context of the Study ................................................................................................. 40 Statement of Purpose ................................................................................................ 41 Method ....................................................................................................................... 42 Participants ........................................................................................................... 42 Measures and Instrumentation .............................................................................. 44 Efficacy survey. ............................................................................................. 45 Observations. ................................................................................................. 47 Semi-structured interviews. ........................................................................... 47 California school climate survey. .................................................................. 48 Procedure .............................................................................................................. 48 Data Collection. ............................................................................................. 50 Data Analysis. ................................................................................................ 51 Findings ...................................................................................................................... 53 Current Practice .................................................................................................... 54 Perception ............................................................................................................. 58


. In this paper, we show the axial symmetry of steady state solutions of nonlinear Schrodinger equations when the exponent of the nonlinearity is between the critical Sobolev exponent of n -dimensional space and ( n − 1)-dimensional space.


The article characterises innovative engineering activity and provides classification of innovations. the notion of ability in innovative engineering activity is formulated as well. Based on the above items the subsystem of the teaching methodology system is introduced to develop abilities in innovative engineering activity of students in technical universities within the course "Fundamentals of Engineering Creativity and Patenting".


A comparison was made of the costs and benefits (as measured by risk reduction) associated with the use of excess-flow valves on gas-distribution services operating at > or = 10 psig. For the U.S. as a whole, and with conservative assumptions, the cost of installing and maintaining EFVs was found to be inordinately high when compared to the accrued benefits. The expenditure of a total of $8.82 billion ($451 million in 1985 dollars) over the next 50 years would be projected to prevent the occurrence of 6,250 accidents, save a total of 28 lives and 284 injuries and reduce the anticipated property damage by $6.87 million. A sensitivity analysis showed that the average cost per accident prevented was highly dependent on the age at which EFVs were assumed to be replaced and their installation rate. A computer program was provided to allow the calculation of the various costs, the corresponding benefits, and the cost/benefit ratio for individual gas distribution systems.


The reliable and control for a class of Lipschitz nonlinear discrete-time singular systems with time delay is investigated via dynamic feedback control. The main goal of this paper is to design a generalized nonlinear controller such that, for possible actuator failures, the closed-loop system is regular, casual, and stable with a given and disturbance attenuation level being satisfied. Some sufficient conditions are obtained in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), and the controller design method is also proposed. Finally, a numerical example is included to illustrate the effectiveness of our proposed results.


Recently, coded caching techniques have received tremendous attention due to its significant gain in reducing the cost of delivery rate. However, this gain was only considered with the assumption of free placement phase. Motivated by our recent result of coded caching, we focus here on minimizing the overall rate of the caching network by capturing the transmission cost of the placement and delivery phases under limited storage memory at the end user. We model the dynamic nature of the network through a cost structure that allows for varying the network architecture and cost per transmission across the two phases of caching. The optimal caching decision for the worst case scenario with memory constraint is provided. Moreover, analysis of the delivery phase is proposed where trade-offs between system parameters, memory, and delivery rate are considered. Interestingly, we show that there are regions where the uncoded caching scheme outperforms the coded caching scheme. Finally, we provide numerical results to support and demonstrate our findings.


The Hemipteran fauna of Central, South and South-East Iran is relatively well-known (Expeditions of the Natural History in Stuttgart in 1954 and 1956, the National Museum of Natural History in Prague in 1970, 1973 and 1977, and annual field work of entomologists in the Plant Pests and Diseases Research Institute in Tehran). In contrast, much less work has been done in the Khorasan province inN. E. Iran. The present article is based on material collected by the senior author from April to July 1994 in Khorasan. The expedition was made in cooperation with the College of Agriculture of the Ferdowsi University in Mashhad.


This paper describes a ground facility for an APU, TG-16M-type.This kind of APU assisted some Russian (soviet) passenger aircraft during their ground engines' startup and also when the deicing electrical system was switched on. TG-16M turboshaft and generator embedded system together with its control panel and electrical sources are parts of the Aerospace Engineering Laboratories in University of Craiova facilities. One has realized a fuel supplying installation, an electrical supplying and control system, as well as an engine operating parameters' board apparatus panel. Tests results were used for some scientific contributions and papers, but the embedded system is also useful for aerospace students education (both for license and master studies); some specific results may be useful also for PhD studies.


Based on the method of moments, the interpolative decomposition (ID) technique is extended to accelerate the evaluation of radome boresight error (BSE) and transmissivity, which belongs to electromagnetic radiation problems with the right-hand side (RHS) matrix containing multiple vectors. Because the RHS matrix from radiation problems has many null rows, the matrix can be first reduced to a compressed form, then decomposed by the ID technique to figure out the skeleton RHS vectors by exploiting its rank-deficient property. Iterative solutions are only executed for these skeleton vectors, followed by the restoration process to obtain the full solutions. Compared with the existing ID methods designed for scattering problems, the proposed ID method is much easier to implement and companied with a high solution efficiency. Numerical experiments are performed on an antenna array enclosed by a radome to evaluate the BSE and transmissivity, illustrating the performance and accuracy of the proposed method.


The prototypes of autonomous vessels are expected to come into service within the coming years, but safety concerns remain due to complex traffic and natural conditions (e.g., Yangtze River). However, the response of autonomous vessels to potential accidents is still uncertain. The accident prevention for autonomous vessels is unconvincing due to the lack of objective studies on the causation analysis for maritime accidents. This paper constitutes an attempt to cover the aforementioned gap by studying the potential causations for maritime accidents in the Yangtze River by using a Bayesian-based network training approach. More than two hundred accidents reported between 2013 and 2019 in the Yangtze River are collected. As a result, a Bayesian network (BN) is successfully established to describe the causations among different risk influencing factors. By analysing the BN, this study reveals that the occurrence of maritime accidents (e.g., collision, grounding) can be expected to reduce with the development of autonomous vessels as the crews are removed. However, the extent of the consequences from some accidents (e.g., fire, critical weathers) could be more serious than conventional ones. Therefore, more attention and thoughts are needed to ensure the safe navigation of autonomous vessels in the Yangtze River.


In this paper, we report the supercontinuum generation at the repetition rate of 10 GHz. A multi-wavelength ultra-short pulse train has been obtained from the supercontinuum. The factors that influence the supercontinuum generation are also investigated.


Heat transport mechanisms present in 2-adamantanone and 1-cyanoadamantane crystals were investigated in a broad temperature range. To characterize scattering processes, thermal conductivity and heat capacity measurements were carried out. A particular care was paid to the cooling rate of specimen which influenced the thermal history of the samples. The experimental results led to a conclusion that under slow cooling the thermal conductivity reaches the highest values and resembles the behavior of ordered molecular crystals. As for fast cooling, the "quenching" resulted in changes in both the structure and the temperature dependence of the thermal conductivity, the latter resembling that of amorphous solids. In heat capacity measurements the thermal history made on samples did not reflect the preliminary findings known from thermal conductivity results, which could imply that the observed mechanisms are more complex.


A method for the evaluation of the degree of compliance of scientific journals with international standards for the presentation of periodicals is proposed.


Methylglyoxal (MG) is a reactive endogenous metabolite that is produced from the process of degradation of triose‐phosphates. Under hyperglycemic conditions the rate of MG formation increases as a result of elevated concentrations of precursors. It has been established that MG elicits oxidative stress signaling, leading to the activation of MAP kinases, p38 MAPK and JNK, yet it remains largely unknown about a role of cell‐cycle checkpoint regulation in MG‐induced signaling. Here, we show that checkpoint kinases, Chk1 and Chk2, as well as their upstream ATM kinase are phosphorylated and activated following MG treatment of cultured cells. This MG‐induced activation of Chk1 and Chk2 were inhibited by either aminoguanidine (AG), an inhibitor of production of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) or N‐acetyl‐l‐cysteine (NAC), an anti‐oxidant in dose dependent manners, indicating that oxidative stress via AGEs is involved critically in the activation of Chk1 and Chk2 by MG. Furthermore, it was found that cell‐cycle synchronized cells exhibited G2/M checkpoint arrest following MG treatment, and that siRNA‐mediated knock‐down of Chk2, but not Chk1, results in a failure of MG‐induced G2/M arrest. Thus, the results indicate a critical role for Chk2 in MG‐induced G2/M cell‐cycle checkpoint arrest.


A system to analyze a complex mixture simultaneously on two different columns after one single on-column injection is described. The splitting device, the possibilities of component identification by searching in a data base for Kovats indices on two different polarity stationary phases, and a practical example of an essential oil analysis are presented.


Spring training has ended and the 2011 season has officially begun. Every team has the same goal- to be better. In doing so, every team must contend with its past; some of recent years and others which can go back for decades. The pressures of past successes, the agony of past failures and the perceptions of questionable character are the driving forces out of spring training. Teams with an unflattering past, regardless of the circumstances, are focused on getting their players and fans to replace past perceptions of passionless quitters with a vision of excitement in the promise of a new season and bright future. History is a collection of events that occurred in past days, months or years. Our future is influenced by events which happened in the past regardless of the nature, positive or negative. We tend to hold on and cherish anything in our past that is fairly positive and build upon it. On that part of our past, motivation comes easy and for the most part we can cope with turmoil with a fair amount of ease. However; when your past is filled with an assortment of failures, disappointments, unfulfilled goals and negative perceptions, most of our lives and careers are concerned with trying to get back on track. Hours and days are spent just trying to catch up, putting things back in order and prioritizing. Most of us have misfortunes in our past and dealing with that misfortune is not always as easy as forgetting about it. When others are involved, it is considerably more difficult. Because a team must deal with its past as a group, it is always more difficult to live up to or overcome its past. Each member of the team has his own issues as well as the team's issues and each member handles his past in a different way. There is no question that the team's past effects the members and the fans. Fans are a big part of any sports organization and constantly reminds the team of its flawed past increasing the pressure on the players and team to make a change. A team's greatest task is overcoming the negative label placed on it by its past.


It discloses a system and method for supplying samples of the products to the shopper. In order to identify the shopper card reader to read the card shopper (115) is supplied, it is capable of generating a target list of promotional for that shopper by the printer (116). Sample product to the customer receives is generated by the processor (P1) with promotional products list. Processor (P1) determines also the retail outlets to sample the product is supplied shopper and shoppers to receive the sample on the basis of the retail outlets nearest to shopping. .FIELD 1


Optics is widely seen as a key technology for the 21st century. The exponential growth of Internet traffic, for instance, presents an enormous opportunity for the companies that build and sell the lasers, amplifiers, optical fibres that make up the world's communications infrastructure. Indeed, it is estimated that the market for fibre-optic components will be worth over $20bn in three years' time. Lasers and other optical technologies will also play a crucial role in healthcare, manufacturing, and the defence and aerospace industries.


Unproductive lakes are often characterized by high inputs of allochthonous dissolved and particulate organic carbon compared to autochthonous carbon, resulting in low phytoplankton abundances and h ...


Braintree District Council is considering increasing its fees and charges for its community transport service after external funding for the service fell by more than £15,000


Using data from Pakistan's Punjab, the authors examine monopoly power in the market for groundwater - irrigation water extracted using private tubewells - a market characterized by barriers to entry and spatial fragmentation. Simple theory predicts that tubewell owners should price-discriminate in favor of their own share tenants. And this analysis of individual groundwater transactions over an 18-month period confirms such price discrimination. And among those studied, tubewell owners and their tenants use considerably more groundwater on their plots than do other farmers. The authors also provide evidence that monopoly pricing of groundwater leads to compensating - albeit small - reallocations of canal water, which farmers exchange in a separate informal market. Despite the substantial misallocation of groundwater, a welfare analysis show that monopoly pricing has limited effects on equity and efficiency. In the long run, a policy aimed at eliminating monopoly pricing would do little to help the poorest farmers.


Building News. NORTH Wales-based construction firm Read Construction Holdings says a clutch of new contracts it is bidding for will help pull →


An apparently Increasing Incidence of isoniazid-assodated hepatitis concurrent with interest in the problem has led to the universal teaching that patients on isoiuazid preventive therapy must be carefully monitored for liver disease. This teaching has been reinforced and endorsed in a recent report of the tuberculosis advisory committee and special consultants to the director of the Center for Disease Control; this report, in turn, led to an American Thoracic Society statement concluding that the use of Isoniazid with appropriate safeguards must be based on a comparison of the benefit of preventive therapy with the risk of hepatic injury and, therefore,


A novel and efficient direct oxidative phosphonylation of α-amino ketones and α-amino acid derivatives with dialkyl phosphites by the catalysis of a cobalt salt under air is disclosed. A variety of α-amino ketones and α-amino acid derivatives underwent the reaction well with dialkyl phosphites to produce the desired α-aminophosphonates. This protocol not only provides an alternative synthetic route for the preparation of diverse α-aminophosphonates but also avoids the use of potentially explosive peroxide agents.


The properties of NPC structures in strontium tetraborate are analyzed. Different types of NPC structures are revealed that possess different nonlinear properties, and their spectral dependences of frequency conversion efficiency are calculated and compared. Experimental study of these structures is reported for the process of doubling of the second harmonic of fs Ti:S laser. Tuning of generated radiation is obtained in the range 187.5 - 232.5 nm, with extreme insensitivity to the angular orientation of NPC. Behavior of tuning curve along investigated fundamental wave range is similar in all studied samples, but efficiency obtained depends on the type of structure. Conversion efficiency and spectral quality of generated radiation is experimentally shown to grow better when using NPC with improved structure. Prospects of VUV converter on a single NPC are discussed. NPCs of SBO are demonstrated to be useful for autocorrelation diagnostics both in random QPM geometry and in the geometry of nonlinear diffraction from virtual beam.


Background:Several different patterns of wavebreak have been described by mapping of the tissue surface during fibrillation. However, it is not clear whether these surface patterns are caused by multiple distinct mechanisms or by a single mechanism. Method:To determine the mechanism by which wavebreaks are gener-ated during ventricular fibrillation, we conducted optical mapping studies and single cell transmembrane potential recording in 6 isolated swine right ventricles. Results:Among 763 episodes of wavebreak (0.75 times/sec/cm2), optical maps showed 3 patterns:80% due to a wavefront encountering the refractory waveback of another wave, 11.5% due to wavefronts passing perpendicularly each other and 8.5% due to a new (target) wave arising just beyond the refractory tail of a previous wave. Computer simulations of scroll waves in 3-D tissue showed that these surface patterns could be attributed to two fundamental mechanisms:head-to-tail interactions and filament break. Conclusion:We conclude that during sustained ventricular fibrillation in swine RV, surface patterns of wavebreak are produced by two fundamental mechanisms:head-to-tail interaction between waves and filament break. (Korean Circulation J 2000;30(11):1404-1416)


Since the early days of our country, leaders in the House of Representatives have exerted tremendous force and influence on governmental policy and consequently on both domestic and world affairs. Now, two government insiders profile nine of America's most provocative, colorful and controversial congressional leaders--from Henry Clay and James K. Polk to Sam Rayburn and Newt Gingrich. photo insert. National ads, print.


Magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging (MR-DWI) data usually contain a great deal of noise and a significant number of outlier data points that can undermine the accurate estimation of diffusion tensors (DTs). Raw MR-DWI data therefore usually must undergo substantial preprocessing prior to tensor estimation. This study proposes an approach for the reconstruction of DT fields from MR-DWI data that combines into a single step the regularization of raw MR-DWI data and the optimized estimation of DT fields. The approach uses locally weighted linear least squares (LWLLS) estimation to correlate information within the local neighborhood of each voxel. It incorporates into the linear least squares (LLS) framework a bilateral filter which assigns different weights to neighbor voxels according to their intensities and relative distance. This method efficiently smoothes the MR-DWI data and estimates optimal tensors simultaneously. The performance of the proposed method was compared to that of traditional LLS estimation of tensors using both simulated and real-world human MR-DWI data. Both the simulated and real-world datasets demonstrated that the proposed method greatly outperforms the conventional LLS method and that the simultaneous smoothing of MR-DWI data and tensor estimation performs as well as the separate and sequential execution of these procedures.


Nonsurgical management has become the standard care for hemodynamically stable patients with splenic injury from blunt abdominal trauma. To attempt nonsurgical management, it is important to identify and characterize not only the splenic injury but also the concurrent injury to solid viscera, bowel and mesentry, or retroperitoneum that may require surgery. The ability of multi-detector row computed tomography (MDCT) to obtain high resolution images has made MDCT the primary imaging modality for the evaluation of these patients. The CT features of splenic injury include lacerations, subcapsular or parenchymal hematomas, active hemorrhage and vascular injuries. A variety of CT grading systems have been proposed to grade splenic injury following trauma. Radiologists should be familiar with the splenic injury grading system to facilitate communication with the managing surgical team and for research purposes.
In Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan (HTAA), Kuantan, Pahang, from January 2008 to December 2009 there were 42 cases of splenic injuries out of 154 cases of blunt abdominal trauma, which underwent CT assessment. We reviewed all 42 cases of splenic injury and illustrated the spectrum of CT findings based on American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) classification.


This study examines the effect of earnings pressure on firms' strategic behavior in output competition. We argue that firms facing earnings pressure will attempt to increase current profits to meet analysts' forecasts by exploiting market power opportunities in their product markets, even at the risk of encouraging future entry and rival expansion. In commodity industries, this behavior will lead to restricting output in markets where market structure and rival characteristics are more favorable for the exercise of market power. Using data from the US electricity generation industry, our findings show that firms facing earnings pressure tend to be less aggressive in output competition, particularly when they can exploit market power, but that this behavior incites their product-market rivals to produce more aggressively.


Feathers evolved in the mid- to late-Jurassic and first appeared in the fossil record on Archaeopteryx (150 MYA). All feathers are constructed from a family of closely related phi-keratin proteins. The structural genes for these proteins exist as a moderately repeated, tandemly repeated, subset of beta-keratin genes. The mechanisms underlying the novel appearance of feathers are based in their development. A phylogeny for feathers based on morphology and molecular information indicates that the most likely common ancestor was a simple, tubular epidermal filament derived from a conical tubercle. The formation of the follicle followed. The developmental programing underlying the rapid appearance and diversification of feathers was modular and involved genetic and morphological duplication. These mechanisms account for the appearance and function of the follicle, the most basic product of which would be an unbranched, tubular structure of phi-keratin. Further duplication events and regulation of growth rates led to the branched structure of feathers and to their rapid diversification. While ontogeny does not recapitulate evolution, it can account for both the basic morphological constraints and phenotypic variation of feathers. Because this model is sufficient to account for all features of the feather character it is not necessary to invoke a functional interpretation for feather evolution.


This research project was conducted in order to analyze consumer behavior with regard to the demand for promotional products in the city of Machala. In the theories of different authors related to consumer behavior and communication tools used in marketing, where every theory was vital to have the knowledge tools used in the past and now currently used. A quantitative approach developed a survey which was applied to companies active in the city of Machala was performed. Advertising is a widely used worldwide tool is why every day is evolving and gaining market share in different parts of the world, in the city of Machala, these tools are used by companies that want to publicize their products or services According to the offer you have for the market, allowing them to maintain a relationship with customers or consumers because its use has become a necessity to make themselves known and position in the local market. With the result of surveys a proposed marketing plan external communication is plated it will allow attracting new customers through communication strategies such as advertising, sales promotion, public relations, events, direct marketing and personal selling, strategies widely used in other markets both nationally and internationally. In conclusion, the effectiveness of this plan will depend on the execution carried out by the bidder company's product advertising that it has all the variables and strategies needed for the growth and recognition of these companies in the city of Machala.


Immune responses in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss intraperitoneally injected with formalin killed Renibacterium salmoninarum cells (with or without Freund's complete adjuvant), were evaluated by monitoring serum agglutinating antibody and phagocytic activity of kidney leukocytes, and the challenge test. Serum antibody titers (range 8-16) were detected in the vac cinated groups 5 weeks after vaccination. The phagocytic activities in the kidney cells of vaccinated groups increased after 15 days and 25 days. However, experimental intraperitoneal challenge (107 or 106 cells/fish) of immunized groups showed no protective effects.


The gyrotrons developed at the University of Sydney are moderately -powered, broadband, tunable sources of millimetre -submillimetre radiation. GYROTRON V has produced output at a wavelength less than 0.5 mm. The paper will describe the measurements on GYROTRON V including work which has employed a novel combination of a quasi -optical antenna with a blazed grating.


Philosophers have traditionally drawn a sharp distinction between phenomenal and intentional states. Phenomenal states are states with phenomenal or subjective character – something it's like to be in them. The clearest examples of phenomenal states are perceptions, emotions, and sensations, which involve specific qualitative or sensory characters. Intentional states, such as beliefs, are mental states which represent something as being in a certain way. It has been commonly held that the intentional aspects of mental states lack phenomenal character while their phenomenal aspects lack intentionality. Modern representationalism about consciousness (MR) challenges this traditional distinction with the claim that phenomenal character is a species of and exhausted by representational content.


In recent years, since the continuing increase in the capacity of in personal computer such as the optimal performance, high quality and high resolution image, the computer system's components produce large amounts of heat during operation. This study analyzes and investigates an ability and efficiency of the cooling system inside the computer by means of central processing unit (CPU) and power supply cooling fan. This research was conducted for increasing an ability of the cooling system inside the computer by making a structure which produces different air pressures in an air inflow tube. Consequently, when temperatures of the CPU and room inside computer were compared with a general personal computer, temperatures of the tested CPU, the room and the heat sink were as low as 5℃, 2.5℃ and 7℃ respectively. In addition to, revolution per minute (RPM) was shown as low as 250 after 1 hour operation. This research explored the possibility of enhancing the effective cooling of high-performance computer systems.


The integrated properties of nuclear rings are correlated with the secular evolution and dynamics of the host galaxies of the rings, as well as with the formation and evolution of the rings' star cluster population(s). Here we present a new method to accurately measure the spectral energy distribution and current star formation rate (SFR) of the nuclear ring in the barred spiral galaxy NGC 1512, based on high-resolution Hubble and Spitzer Space Telescope images. Image degradation does not have a significant negative effect on the robustness of the results. To obtain the ring's SFR for the period spanning ∼3–10 Myr, we apply our method to the continuum-subtracted Hα and 8 μm images. The resulting SFR surface density, , is much higher than the disk-averaged SFR densities in normal galaxies. We also estimate the ring's total stellar mass, log (M/M⊙) = 7.1 ± 0.11, for an average age of ∼40 Myr.


The Cowlitz Falls Dam is a run-of-river project, currently under construction on the Cowlitz River in Washington State, 23 Km downstream from the town of Randle. The requirements for reservoir drawdown during floods were that flood levels at Randle should not exceed those that would have occurred before construction of the dam, and that the rate of rise in water surface elevation downstream from the dam should not endanger anyone fishing or camping along the river banks. Initial steady state and sedimentation studies were used to determine the necessary water surface elevations for drawdown. The results of the reservoir drawdown simulation using the DAMBRK and UNET programs, and the drawdown procedure developed, are presented in this paper.


Current‐voltage characteristics of silicon diodes which were found to be ideal at room temperature have been investigated in the range 300–400 K. The diodes remain ideal at higher temperatures, too.


The pigs after weaning are very susceptible to developing digestive disturbances and gastrointestinal diseases, resulting in stresses on the pigs and consequently an inability to meet their growth potential. Therefore, this study to evaluate the effect of feeding fermented liquid feed (FLF) to weaning-starter on aspects of growth performance and nutrient digestibility was investigated in four experiments. The first experiment studied the use of total FLF in starter pigs compared to dry feed (DF) and liquid concentrate feed (LCF). The second experiment was studied to find the suitable amount of FLF for starter pig feeding. The third experiment was studied for productive efficiency in starter pigs fed with different inclusion level (20, 30 and 40 %) of FLF and the fourth experiment was studied the effect of using FLF on nutrient digestibility in starter pigs (10-20 kgBW). The results found the suitable concentrate feed for nursery pigs should be fermented using feed and water mixed in the ratio of 1:2.5 (w/w), with addition of 1.1% citric acid, for 48 hours of incubation. It was found that total FLF feeding caused the reduction of feed intake of the pigs. However, the use of FLF in weaning to starter pigs should not be more than 40%. Therefore, it is concluded that the use of FLF in weaning to starter pigs diets should not be more than 40%. Additionally, total FLF should not fed at the first week after weaning due to the sour taste of fermented liquid feeds caused the reduction of piglet feed intake. FLF should be gradually added up in order to let the pigs adjust themselves to fermented liquid feed. Keywords: fermented liquid feed, concentrate feed, weaning-starter pigs, growth performance


Wheeled mobile robot is characterized by non-holonomic constraint and non-integrablity.Its control and planning become very difficult and complex because of this.A wheeled mobile robot physical model is built according to motion equation based on SimMechanics.The motion is simulated many times,and the motion path is obtained.The physical model is verified by contrasting the motion path with theoretic path.This model also provides interfaces for inputting parameters,shows the motion path graphically by inputting the actual revolving speed and direction,and acts as virtual object for controlling which is helpful for its control and planning.


This work presents a multifunctional humidity and temperature sensor, fabricated on a flexible polyvinyl chloride (PVC) substrate using facile screen printing and drop casting. The sensor comprises screen-printed graphene–carbon (G–C) layer coated with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS). The sensor displays good sensing performance (~1%/%RH) toward wide humidity range (25%RH–90%RH) at room temperature (RT; 27°C ± 2°C). The influence of operating temperature on humidity sensing performance is examined in the temperature range of 15 °C–55 °C and a nearly linear relation (with Adj. $R^{2}$ of value 0.959) is observed toward change in temperature (35 °C–55 °C). Furthermore, the temperature sensing performance of the sensor is analyzed in a 15 °C–35 °C temperature range. The sensor displays good performance with a temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) as −3.18%°C− and −1.3%°C− for 15 °C–25 °C and 25 °C–35 °C, respectively. Other important sensing characteristics, such as repeatability, hysteresis, response, and recovery times, are also analyzed and presented here.


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pastoral peoples' the author reviews once more the creation-myths of a wide range of north and Central Asian peoples, and discovers in them many parallels to creation-myths occurring among American Indians. Particularly the motif of diving for earth in the primeval ocean is of very wide distribution, and Schmidt believes the myths containing this motif to be of immense age. In a later chapter he tabulates the principal attributes of the supreme deity as he finds them reflected in the various creation myths, and concludes that the basic creation myth of the first pastoral civilizations must have originated not later than about 10,000 B.C. (p. 357). He arrives at this date by arguing that the older creation-myths, from which it is derived, must have spread from north-east Asia to America in the time between 15,000 and 10,000 B.C. While one may readily agree with the view that some of the myths found among north and Central Asian tribes may be of very great antiquity, it is diflicult to follow Professor Schmidt in such a dating for which there can never be any archaeological evidence. The difficulties increase when we come to part 3, which contains the final comparison of the religions of the Central Asian pastoral people with those of the African pastoralists. This comparison is based in the assumption that Central Asia is the original homeland of pastoral civilizations, and that African pastoralism is a secondary development which originated under the impact of Asian pastoral peoples. Schmidt never abandoned his old thesis that reindeer and horse were domesticated earlier than cattle, and that in Central Asia a Hirtenkultur grew directly out of the earlier foodgathering pattern of life. This thesis, on which much of Schmidt's Kvlturlcreishhre was based, cannot stand up to present-day archaeological knowledge and its final rebuttal came from among Schmidt's own students and co-workers of the Vienna school, who proved the comparatively recent date of Central Asian pastoral nomadism. Whereas the parallels between the religions of Asian and African pastoralists remain nevertheless interesting, their interpretation as results of direct influence of the earlier Central Asian on the later African pastoral civilizations can no longer be considered valid. The author suggests in one place (p. 772) that ' it is definitely possible that African (and other) pastoral people may have formed and developed certain aspects of their religion as a result of their specific nature as pastoralists (aus ihrer eigenen Hirten-Sonderart heraus) ', and in view of the untenability of the hypothesis of direct cultural transmission from Central Asian to African pastoralists we will have to fall back on this suggestion if we are to explain some of the striking similarities between religious concepts found among Asian and among African pastoral peoples. But even though one of Schmidt's most cherished theories—namely that concerning the direct development of the Asian Hirtenkultur from an earlier pristine Urlcultur—had to be abandoned in the light of new discoveries and some of the conclusions reached in the final volume must hence be regarded with caution, the Ursprung der Gottesidee will nevertheless remain for many years a standard work invaluable to all anthropologists and scholars concerned with the history of religion.


The new image scrambling degree evaluation method based on matrix singular value decomposition is proposed.This paper firstly constructs the absolute value matrix of difference matrix being composed of original matrix and scrambled one.Then the product of gray difference absolute value matrix and its transpose matrix is computed and is decomposed into left orthogonal matrix,diagonal matrix and right orthogonal matrix.Last the discrete probability distribution is defined by means of diagonal element of diagonal matrix,and the information entropy of its probability distribution is computed and acted as the evaluation function of image scrambling degree.Experimental results show that the proposed method is effective to describe the relation between the scrambling effect and the number of iterations in the scrambling techniques,which largely consists with human vision.For different images,when some transformation is used,this evaluation method can reflect to some extent the scrambling effects in each scrambling stage.


Age changes in the human posterior cranial base – particularly the petro‐occipital fissure (POF) – is poorly understood. Aging in this region has recently been shown to be tightly regulated and correlate with onset of age‐related hearing loss (AHL), although functional associations are not established. The cochlear aqueduct (CA) communicates the inner ear with the sub‐arachnoid space through its opening into the posterior POF, thus raising questions of related aging changes among POF, CA, and AHL. Although most studies on hearing/AHL are on rats or mice, their POF region has not been documented. Our objective is to develop a protocol for micro‐dissection approaches that allows for consistent/replicable visualization of POF and landmark structures (e.g., fissure dimension, CA opening) in rats. Dry skull dissections using diamond drill bits were done to define the POF and identify the location of the CA cannaliculus. Three approaches were tested on fresh specimens:


SynopsisIn rows 81/2 feet apart, highest ear corn yields occurred at closer within-row spacings than those which usually give maximum yields at closer between-row spacings. Differences in within-row spacings from 1 to 4 inches had little effect on total plant weight per acre, but the closer spacings within this range increased the stover: ear ratio. Root pattern of individual plants changed from circular to oblong at within-row spacings below 8 inches.


Pb, Zn tolerance of phaseolus multiflorus was investigated, based on the elongation of root and stem, pollen Germination and progeny quality in various pb, zn concentrations. The result obtained by water culture showed that the growth of roots and steams of phaseolus multiflorus from pb-zn mine site is less inhivited than that of the control site. The flower of phaseolus multiflorus from which pollen was taken were grown without added pb, zn and percent germination of pollen observed in a range of pb, zn concentrations. The percent germination of pollen from pb-zn mine site was higher than the control site. phaseolus multiflorus collected at a pb-zn mine site and the control site was site were grown at different pb, zn concentrations, its progeny was retreated with same concentrations of pb-zn mine site was more vigorous than the control site. thus, pb-zn tolerance was able to expressed in both pollen and sporophytes.


Special or general cargo for transport vehicles, containers (10) foldable within a multilayer structure open space frame comprises an auxiliary platform (12), movably mounted on the bottom platform (11) of the vertical It is arranged so that the goods stacked on the support layer (13) while retaining the roll on / roll off the end portion of the cargo loading and unloading passage port; an auxiliary platform itself may be divided into a plurality of portions (16) and each adapted to have a different action flexibility of goods transport different structure, comprising a plurality of separate goods as long as the vehicle loaded single inclined plate.