This paper focuses on three Czech speech databases recorded in actual and simulated noisy conditions and explores their suitability for LE analysis and modeling. Parameters of Czech SPEECON, CZKCC car database and newly established Czech Lombard Speech Database (CLSD) are compared. All three databases comprise speech recorded in neutral conditions and speech uttered in noise of the moving car. SNR distribution of the recorded channels, speech fundamental frequency, formant positions and bandwidths, phoneme and word length variations and their overall impact on small vocabulary recognizer's performance are analyzed. It is shown that all three databases display speech feature changes across the recording conditions. In SPEECON database these variations do not affect simple recognition task performance much, in CZKCC and CLSD significant recognition degradation has been observed. Due to results of the feature analyses, CZKCC recognition seems to be corrupted rather by background noise than by LE, while in CLSD only LE affects the recognition as the overall SNR is high.


Under current circumstances, the acute shortage of financial resources–particularly of budgetary resources – makes it very difficult to provide for the funding needed to carry on the activities of research, development and innovation (RDI), which are acknowledged, in all experts' opinions, to play a crucial role in overcoming crisis and economic recovery. It is, thus, more important than ever that the policy makers be aware of the severe consequences that might come forth due to the lack of governmental support for these activities. A strong commitment to responsibly setting priorities, designing policies and instruments for performance growth, and to mindfully saving and using the limited resources available to RDI is, therefore, critical. The purpose of this paper is to analyse and assess how challenges related to the provision of financial inputs for research activities are addressed by the national research system, especially in the new condition of economic crisis. Its actors have to ensure and justify that adequate financial and human resources are most appropriately mobilised for the operation of the system. A central issue in this domain is to choose the appropriate modalities and instruments for transforming effects of the resource mobilisation in visible performance increasing of the R&D system and, also, for transferring the knowledge results into economy. The paper aims to analyse and assess specific barriers faced by the circulation of the financial flows that must be overcome by research and development actors.


Zn2Si0.5Ge0.5O4:Mn was investigated as a green-emitting oxide phosphor for thin-film electroluminescent (EL) display applications. Detailed electro-optical characteristics of thin-film EL devices with SrTiO3 dielectrics on a glass substrate (TFEL) and EL devices with a single ceramic insulator (CIEL) have been analyzed. The steeper brightness–voltage dependency of the TFEL device is ascribed to the capability to provide high current densities and efficient light generation for both voltage polarities. The CIEL device on the other hand suffered from asymmetrical behavior, related with the lack of a top dielectric. It was found that the use of high-permittivity dielectrics in the TFEL device results in a small voltage drop over the insulating layers, enhancing the amount of charge transferred through the phosphor. Transient charge–voltage (αQp–V) measurements on the TFEL device evidence that a high positive space charge density of ∼0.68 μC/cm2 is present in the oxide phosphor during steady-state operation. ...


m/s n° 11, vol. 28, novembre 2012 DOI : 10.1051/medsci/20122811011 electrical recording in the brain using multiple microelectrodes and sho. Proc Inst Electr Electron Eng 2010 ; 98 : 375-88. 8. Chestek CA, Gilja V, Nuyujukian P, et al. Long-term stability of neural prosthetic control signals from silicon cortical arrays in rhesus macaque motor cortex. J Neural Eng 2011 ; 8 : 045005. 9. Fraser GW, Chase SM, Whitford A, Schwartz AB. Control of a brain-computer interface without spike sorting. J Neural Eng 2009 ; 6 : 055004. 10. Jarosiewicz B, Masse NY, Bacher D, et al. Context dependence of neural tuning in motor cortex of people with paralysis: implications for neural prosthetics. Program n° 142.22. Neuroscience Meeting Planner. Washington, DC: Society for Neuroscience, 2011 (online). 11. Sussillo D, Nuyujukian P, Fan JM, et al. A recurrent neural network for closed-loop intracortical brainmachine interface decoders. J Neural Eng 2012 ; 9 : 026027. RÉFÉRENCES


We implement a geographic information system (GIS) to map surficial geologic habitats (SGH) with varying scales at Nehalem Bank, Oregon, USA. Geologic interpretation was first used to produce a regional-scale SGH map of mega habitats. Local-scale algorithmic classification techniques were then implemented where data density and richness permitted the mapping of meso (10 m-1 km) macro scale (1–10 m) habitat features. We use a ranked-(data) density approach to assess the distribution and quality of input data for the regional SGH map. We then apply a virtual reference dataset and error matrix technique to assess the thematic accuracy of local-scale maps.


As part of the USDOE's Carbon Sequestration Program, we have developed an integrated modeling framework to evaluate the performance and costs of alternative CO2 capture and storage technologies for fossil-fueled power plants, in the context of multi-pollutant control requirements. This model (called the IECM-CS) allows for explicit characterization of the uncertainty or variability in any or all model input parameters. This paper reviews the major sources of uncertainty or variability in CO2 cost estimates, then uses the IECM-CS to analyze CO2 mitigation costs and uncertainties for currently available CO2 capture technologies applicable to coal-based power plants.


Krill byproduct was hydrolyzed with Alcalase 2.4L to produce functional ingredients for high antioxidative activities against 1,1-dimethyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) radical and Fe. The objective of this study was to investigate the optimum condition for degree of hydrolysis and antioxidative activity of enzymatic hydrolysate produced with the commercial Alcalase using response surface methodology (RSM) with a central composite rotatable design (CCRD). The ranges of independent variables were pH 7.6~10.4 for initial pH and 50.9~79.1℃ for hydrolysis temperature and their dependent variables were degree of hydrolysis, Brix, amount of phenolic compounds, DPPHscavenging activity and Fe-chelating activity. RSM with CCRD was well designed to investigate the optimum condition for functional ingredients with high antioxidative activities using Alcalase 2.4L because of their high R² values of the range of 0.93~0.99 except the R² value of 0.50 for the amount of total phenolic compounds. The optimum hydrolysis conditions were pH 9.5 and 62℃ for degree of hydrolysis (DH) and pH 9.1 and 64℃ for DPPH-scavenging activity by response surface methodology. The yield of DH and DPPH-scavenging activity were 14.1±0.5% and 10.5±0.2%, respectively. It is advantageous to determine the optimum hydrolysis conditions of krill and its by-products for the creation of different kinds of food products, as well as to increase the usage of marine protein sources.


The non-availability of mains power at remote locations or in consumers' premises where connection to the local mains supply would be difficult, are typical applications for line-powered telecommunications equipment. However, due to the limitations of line current, a local battery is required. Sealed Nickel Cadmium button cells have been used in such applications for many years. This paper will discuss the ability of batteries to accept the very low rates of charge which are necessary when batteries are required to share the limited line current with the telecommunications equipment. Typical applications include outband signalling equipment such as line-sharing apparatus, where the local battery powers the outband equipment when the solid copper pair is in use, or any equipment which requires large pulses of current which the line cannot supply, such as payphones which sort money to give change. For the future, subscribers in ISDN systems, will require local power UPS where line charging will not be possible.


The development of community and hospital based clinical information technology applications is an ever expanding process. The complexity of such systems ranges from stand alone clinical audit/research databases through to hospital wide integrated systems covering the majority of processes involved in patient care. Whenever such systems are introduced, the need to identify groups of patients with common factors such as diagnoses or operations is central to the success of the system. At this stage, those involved in their installation have to grapple with the problem of standardising terminology to describe these elements of the clinical record. They have to ensure that the process of data entry is accurate and consider ways that the system can be made to comply with the NHS standards for the measurement of hospital activity. A common solution is to adopt standardised classifications of diagnoses or procedures such as the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) or that of the Office of Population Censuses and Surveys (OPCS). Such classifications have the advantage of being nationally or internationally agreed and each term has an associated alpha numerical code suitable for rapid processing by computer. They have the disadvantage of being large and unwieldy in every day use, they use terminology that is often not current, and they have not, until recently, been computerised. These difficulties have been recognised by the NHS information management executive who are proposing a national computer network to share patient information between health care units. The same question of health care terminology and associated standardisation of codes is central to this major national health objective.1 2 been adopted by the NHS as the standardised computer language for health care and have been made crown copyright.-5 The sale of the licence to use the codes as well as the provision of facilities for training in their use is the function of Computer Aided Medical Systems (CAMS; Tannery Buildings, 58-60 Woodgate, Loughborough, Leics LEl 1 2TQ), who trade under a government agreement. Software already exists that permits the selection of terms and their translation into any code compatible with existing international health classifications including OPCS, ICD 9, ICD 10, and ICD 0.


National Party Minister of Finance, Ruth Richardson and the Prime Minister, Jim Bolger, look down the front of their underpants and realise that this is the reason for the nation-wide gender disparity in wages.
Exhibited in 'Harpies & Heroines: A cartoon history of the changing roles of women in New Zealand' Exhibition curated by Rachel Macfarlane and Cerridwyn Young of the New Zealand Cartoon Archive and exhibited at the National Library Gallery, 11 July - 26 October 2003.

Published in 'Harpies & Heroines' book published by the New Zealand Cartoon Archive in 2003.
Other Titles - Opportunities
Extended Title - 'So Jim! That's why I'm paid less than you!' 'Struth Ruth! I'm happy with my 4% rise...'
Quantity: 1 photocopy/ies.
Physical Description: A4 photocopy


In this longitudinal study, we extend theory on leadership identity construction by integrating the process of emotional labor into leadership identity claims. The study aims to fulfill the gap in the relevant literature about how emotions are managed to gain relational recognition in the process of leadership identity construction, specifically among healthcare hybrid managers who fulfill both clinical and managerial duties. Using random coefficient modeling, effects of deep acting, surface acting, and genuine emotion on the change of leadership identity at the relational level were tested on a sample of 106 manager-employee dyads over three consecutive time points. The results suggest variability in both initial leadership identity and changing rates. Hybrid managers conducting effortful strategies: deep and surface acting, have lower initial leadership identity. However, the effortful strategies help hybrid managers improve their leadership identity over time, while the effortless strategy or genuine emotion negatively interacts with the process of leadership identity construction. Our findings highlight the importance of cognitive attention required in the emotional process of leadership identity construction.


E. F. STANLEY (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD): As I understand it, Dr. Wray, your argument is that immunoglobulin from LEMS patients causes a reduction in the ability of calcium to induce release of ACh from nerve terminals. You are trying to discriminate whether this is due to a reduction in calcium flux through the membrane or a reduction in its action inside the nerve terminal. The experiment in which you used ouabain is central to this argument. I wonder if you could explain that experiment further. Also, what is the evidence that ouabain causes an increase in intraterminal calcium? D. W.-WRAY (Royal Free Hospital, London, England): In this experiment, ouabain was used to induce ACh release from motor nerve terminals. According to Crawford, the effect of ouabain (i.e., an increase in mepps) is due to the release of calcium from intraterminal stores. In our experiment, we found that ouabain induced an increase in mepp frequency in calcium-free medium. IgG from LEMS patients has no effect on this release. Thus, if you eliminate calcium entry through voltage-dependent calcium channels, the effect of LEMS IgG is gone. [This suggests that the effect of LEMS IgG is on calcium flux through the membrane rather than on intraterminal calcium release-Ed. ] J. NEWSOM-DAVIS (Royal Free Hospital, London, England): Because of the therapeutic implications, clinicians seek absolute diagnostic distinctions between myasthenia and Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. The one that I think is most frequently used is the percent facilitation of the muscle action potential after various activation maneuvers. Not many of us see many patients with Lambert-Eaton syndrome. I myself have seen probably fewer than half a dozen. Yet at least two of these patients have Lambert-Eaton syndrome by all other criteria, including carcinoma of the lung and failure to respond to other therapies, but have not met the criterion of facilitation of greater than 100% in the muscles that have been tested. Is there a gold standard, an absolute way of distinguishing these two diseases? E. LAMBERT (Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN): There isn't one single criterion that we have used. A very classical electromyographic finding (i.e., incremental response) is very satisfying; in the absence of anti-AChR antibodies, and together with other typical signs and symptoms, it leads you to the final diagnosis. When the defect is very severe and the amplitude of the (first) response of the muscle is very small, often the facilitation will be small as well. There are also some mild cases where the defect looks like myasthenia gravis: the amplitude of the action potential may be in the normal range, with a little decrement and not much facilitation. In these cases, it is very difficult to distinguish between myasthenia gravis and LEMS on the basis of the EMG alone. One helpful point is that patients with myasthenia gravis may have a modest abnormality of the EMG in the face of rather marked fatigability and weakness. However, in the myasthenic syndrome (LEMS), the patient usually has a marked EMG defect in the face of relatively good muscle strength. NEWSOM-DAVIS: The evidence that Dr. Lang gave and the clinical evidence suggest that the tumor is triggering the autoantibody response in the cancer-associated forms of LEMS. It has been calculated that the malignant change probably occurs about 3 years before you first see evidence of a small-cell carcinoma on the chest X-ray. That obviously is a ballpark figure, but it fits quite well with our cases who have not had an interval of more than 4% years between the onset of a neurological syndrome and


Rethinking Commodification: Cases and Readings in Law and Culture. Martha M. Ertmanand Joan C. Williams, eds. New York. New York University Press, 2005. 450 pp.


World economic activity remains relatively robust, although the Asian crisis casts a shadow over the picture. The rate of growth of world trade has slowed down since last fall, but is expected to remain above its trend level. International price developments remain quite moderate. Oil prices have declined substantially, and are among the lowest of the decade. Inflationary pressures are also limited in the industrial countries, as capacity constraints are not yet significant there and excess supply has materialized worldwide. The industrial countries show a sustained growth rate between 2Vi and 3 per cent on average. However, the combination of strong growth and low inflation is the result of divergent developments between countries. • The US economy has been until recently particularly buoyant, as strong domestic demand has more than offset the dampening effect of falling exports to Asia. The Japanese economy remains in the doldrums. The threat of a deflation has recently prompted a substantial stimulation programme aiming at preventing a further deterioration of confidence. \^ Economic growth in Asia has been-severely_ restricted, in particular in the ASEAN countries and Korea, although extensive rescue operations have brought the situation in the worst hit countries more or less under control. The impact on the European countries is as yet rather limited, as negative trade effects are largely compensated for by beneficial effects of lower imported inflation and lower interest rates. Thus Western Europe is in a position to sustain the recovery that began in mid-1996. Prospects have been strengthened as uncertainties associated with the implementation of the EMU have now been dissipated. The time has now come to begin to view the EMU countries as a single entity from the viewpoint of economic management, even if differences persist in many fields.


Environmental Psychology is an interdisciplinary field focused on the interplay between humans and their surroundings. The field defines the term environment broadly, encompassing natural environments, social settings, built environments, learning environments and informational environments. Since its conception, the field has been committed to the development of a discipline that is both value oriented and problem oriented, prioritizing research aimed at solving complex environmental problems in the pursuit of individual well-being within a larger society. When solving problems involving human-environment interactions, whether local or global, one must have a model of human nature that predicts the environmental conditions under which human will behave. This model can design, manage and restore environments that enhance reasonable behavior, predict the likely outcomes when these conditions are not met, and diagnose the problematic situation. The field develops such a model of human nature while retaining a broad and inherently multidisciplinary focus. It explores such dissimilar issues as common property resource management, way finding in complex settings, the effect of environmental stress on human performance, and the characteristic of restorative environments, human information processing and the promotion of durable conservation behavior.


Arc repair probabilities are incorporated into network calculations for directed networks with independent arc failures. A discrete-time Markov chain with one absorbing state is constructed for the problem. The transition probability matrix is used to determine the probability of source-to-sink conductivity in a given time interval, the mean time to source-to-sink connectivity, the fraction of time a node is blocked, and the fraction of time the network is blocked (disconnected). Blockage probabilities aid in repair-crew allocation to the nodes of the network. >


To cultivate learners' inquiry ability is a very important thing in primary and secondary English education,and it is also the direction and target of current practice of qulity-oriented education and reform of classroom teaching.However,the serious problem is that the theoretical research of inquiry ability is divorced from practice of English teaching in primary and secondary school,in the process of inquiry practice,the educator' leading character,inquiry and generation process of problems,and creation of inquiry situations are neglected.In order to cultivate learners' inquiry ability,two aspects should be considered: on the one hand,teacher-student role should be exactly oriented respectively and changed timely;on the other hand,inquiry situations should be created,including problem solving situation,group cooperative situation,and autonomous learning situation.


The goal of this paper is to study the Local Productive Arrangement (LPA) of Sisal, in Bahia. The LPA of Sisal is an agro-industrial agglomeration, consisting of an extensive network of economic, political and social agents participating in the production chain of sisal – from planting to industrialization. Launched in 2008, the LPA of Sisal was formalized by the Government of Bahia within public policies to support LPAs in Bahia and Brazil. But six years after the adoption of policies to support LPAs, the LPA of Sisal continues disarticulation (and even overlapping) of institutions, low productive and technological level, low profitability of farming (alone or intercropped), low utilization of sisal, and finally, high rate of informal and risky work. Using primary data and secondary data, this paper reveals that the experience of LPA of Sisal still has much to do to achieve high levels of productivity, competitiveness, innovation, and endogenous development.


The popularity of capoeira, a dance based in the martial arts and originating among slaves in Sixteenth-Century Brazil, has increased greatly in recent decades as it has spread worldwide as a performance representative of Brazilian history and culture. In 1974, capoeira was declared the national sport of Brazil. Today capoeira academies and competitions may be found wherever Brazilian culture is celebrated and communicated in many major foreign cities. My thesis, through the participant/observer method and the use of long interviews, examines capoeira as it is practiced in one particular academy far from the art form's place of origin. In the tradition of the cultural studies branch of communication, my thesis analyzes the movements, manners, and fashions of capoeira. I conclude that capoeira constitutes a cultural communication that has evolved from its roots in human slavery, suffering, and rebelliousness to a modern-day expression of athleticism, art, and community-building.


Introduction. The article analyses the methods for calculating the characteristics of spherical rubber-metal joints. The authors consider a verified calculation model for determining the stiffness characteristics of spherical rubber-metal joints, both single-layer and double-layer.Materials and methods. The researchers used computer modelling and the finite element method to determine the features of the spherical rubber-metal joints. The possibility of neglecting the deformation of the metal parts of the joint for the modelling purposes was substantiated, which enabled to simplify the calculation model. Moreover, the authors proposed the method for measuring the effect of the elastic layer precompression and determined the values of radial stiffness for single-layer and double-layer rubber-metal joints at different hardness of materials, which coincided with the experimental results. Results. As a result, the authors revealed that with a decrease in the thickness of the rubber layer by assessing the rigidity of the joint, its features were significantly affected by the accuracy of setting the Poisson's ratio. A satisfactory convergence of the radial stiffness of the joint found through the modelling and experimental studies was achieved at a Poisson's ratio equal to 0.499999 (the discrepancy is about 5 %, which is less than the technological spread of rigidity during manufacture). The authors also found out that the rigidity of two-layer rubber-metal joints, similar in size and compensatory capacity to those used in the design of domestic locomotives, should be 6.3 times higher than for existing single-layer ones. Such features would reduce the deformation of rubber by loads exsposion during operation and thereby would solve the problems with the reliability of traction motors suspension units.Discussion and conclusion. Due to the fact that the shape of the free surface of the side faces of two-layer rubber-metal joints before assembly should have small radii of the recesses curvature, further research is needed to select the rational geometry of the free surface of the side faces. The researchers got a utility model patent for the proposed design and manufacturing technology of two-layer rubber-metal joints.


This research focuses on the feasibility study for the creation of a small business for the production and marketing of wooden furniture in the Cooperative Swan 2 parish Febres Cordero, Canton Guayaquil, Guayas Province, because it is an economic sector potential growth and importance in the study area as are furniture workshops category wood, to observe opportunities established in the administrative and finance because it is a zone of medium high socioeconomic levels (B), typical medium (C +) and means Low (C-) with susceptibility to job security and high informal employment, so that the proposal opportunities in these businesses improve their administrative and financial quality opting for current opportunities of the Ecuadorian State against the undertaking shown the promulgation of Good Living and the change of the productive matrix.

The field methodology was applied to ten shop owners in the sector concerned. Gaps in research on the management of costs and expenses, the knowledge of their
profitability and compliance with social security obligations to its employees are observed what has caused these do not have higher profit margins in relation to produced………


The focus of this study is on the transformation of Genye art as an icon of Purwakarta Regency. The study has been conducted starting from the formation of genye art to the process of changing appearances at various events, namely from 2009 to 2021 at this time. The Transformation theory of Anthony Antoniades (1990) is used to examine the process of changes occuring in genye art gradually regarding the performances in the context of its society as well as internally from the aesthetics sides. Qualitative data are collected by observation both through interviews and documents including performance photos, videos, and other visual objects. The results of the analysis show that the art of genye experienced dynamic changes from the aesthetics elements associated with music, dance, and artistic. Its existence as an icon of a region shows the community's identity for their concern and taste for art. Keywords: genye art, transformation, icon, Purwakarta.


This paper presents a novel method for using Riemannian Motion Policies on volumetric maps, shown in the example of obstacle avoidance for Micro Aerial Vehicles (MAVs), Today, most robotic obstacle avoidance algorithms rely on sampling or optimization-based planners with volumetric maps. However, they are computationally expensive and often have inflexible monolithic architectures. Riemannian Motion Policies are a modular, parallelizable, and efficient navigation alternative but are challenging to use with the widely used voxel-based environment representations. We propose using GPU raycasting and tens of thousands of concurrent policies to provide direct obstacle avoidance using Riemannian Motion Policies in voxelized maps without needing map smoothing or pre-processing. Additionally, we present how the same method can directly plan on LiDAR scans without any intermediate map. We show how this reactive approach compares favorably to traditional planning methods and can evaluate up to 200 million rays per second. We demonstrate the planner successfully on a real MAV for static and dynamic obstacles. The presented planner is made available as an open-source package11https://github.com/ethz-asl/reactive_avoidance.


This paper seeks to investigate, on one hand, the aporiae that Gadamer detects in Dilthey's epistemological theory, and, on the other hand, the aporiae that Dilthey himself finds in the work of the human sciences. The goal of this paper is to show the limitations of Gadamer's critique and to recognize that Dilthey's work exceeds the objectivist analysis. This will allow proving that Dilthey's philosophy is an inquiry into the human world understood as an active world. In other words, his studies are more than an epistemological investigation. I will seek to claim that the basis of the human sciences developed by him is the result of his research on the dynamics of human life, on the common and historical world where man acts.


The paper provides an overview of the further development of Delft-FEWS and its potential for application in the Mekong Basin. This system has been designed as a generic flood forecasting platform. Contrary to the most common approach of building a flood forecasting system around a specific model, Delft-FEWS provides a platform for data handling and is open to connect a wide range of monitored and forecasted weather inputs on the one side and of hydrological and hydraulic flood routing models on the other side. It has been equipped with generic tools providing a variety of data handling tasks, such as data validation, interpolation, aggregation and error correction in forecasts, including a variety of visualisation and forecast dissemination options. The paper concludes with a description of a number of specific advantages that the use Delft-FEWS as a platform for flood forecasting would provide to MRCS, in particular its open architecture.


The invention discloses a micro-channel heat exchanger with a staggered inner groove structure and a manufacturing method of the micro-channel heat exchanger. The micro-channel heat exchanger with the staggered inner groove structure comprises a metal micro-channel substrate, wherein the metal micro-channel substrate comprises a plurality of longitudinal micro-channels and a plurality of transverse micro-channels; the longitudinal micro-channels are arrayed in parallel along a cooling liquid flowing direction; the transverse micro-channels are perpendicular to the longitudinal micro-channels; the longitudinal micro-channels and the transverse micro-channels are arranged at intervals; the micro-channels are in the shape of an inner groove; each micro-channel comprises an inlaid groove body and a slit; the inlaid groove bodies are positioned in the substrate; an opening position of the substrate is formed by the slits; and each inlaid groove body is connected with the corresponding slit. When the micro-channel heat exchanger is manufactured, the longitudinal inner groove micro-channels are machined along the liquid flowing direction in a linear cutting manner; after a workpiece rotates at an angle of 90 degrees, the transverse inner grooves are machined in a linear cutting manner, so that a crisscross micro-channel array is obtained; and the micro-channels are packaged by heat-resistant glass, and the staggered inner groove micro-channel heat exchanger is formed. The manufacturing process is simple and is low in cost; a thermal boundary layer is developed intermittently, and the heat transfer area is increased; and moreover, by the inner groove structure, boiling nucleation can be remarkably facilitated, and boiling heat transfer is strengthened, so that heat transfer is strengthened integrally.


Currently, fish industry lacks the ability to quantitate the degree of freshness of white shrimp. In order to find a simple method for determining shrimp quality, the use of electronic nose was investigated, but the traditional classification algorithms are intrinsically not suitable for electronic nose data which has non-linear manifold structures. Hence a modified unsupervised discriminant projection (MUDP) coupled with sample label information was proposed. MUDP can keep the local and global structure and can take advantage of the important of label information, then get geometric structure optimal linear projection. Experimental results indicate that the proposed classification algorithm is much better than some traditional algorithms such as PCA, LDA, etc.


Photoisohumulone has been isolated as a crystalline solid, m.p. 62–63° C. and [α]10D = − 7.6° and as such distributes as a pure compound. It is shown to be a normal component of the reaction products obtained by refluxing humulone with aqueous alkali, and examination of the literature suggests that it is present in beer.


Australia's treatment of refugees and potential migrants who have chronic health condition or disability is discussed. Regulations of migrating to Australia stipulate that all visa applicants must be free of tuberculosis, or any disease that may endanger public health, but the Disability Discrimination Act 1992 makes it illegal to discriminate against individuals on the basis of health condition.


The marketing research on crowding presents conclusive but limited results about the, mainly negative, consequences triggered by crowded situations for the individual or the consumer (Eroglu and Machleit, 1990; Machleit et al, 1994; 2000). On the other hand, the growth of experiential and hedonist products and services (amusement parks, concerts...), in which the crowd may play a positive role on the consumer's experience and the lack of managerial direction to deal with crowding issues in service settings (Stewart and Cole, 2001; Eastman and Land, 1997) call for a more in-depth analysis of crowding issues. Therefore, through findings from other research streams (environmental psychology or sociology) and empirical data, this research aims at filling these existing gaps in the business literature about crowding. The first contribution of this study deals with the repositioning of human density (also called concentration) as a key concept in crowd assessment and appreciation. A valid and reliable multidimensional measure of human concentration is developed. It gives researchers and managers the opportunity to better understand crowd mechanisms and to control them. In particular, four facets of human concentration, namely privacy, personal space, freedom of movement and perceived density are uncovered and give a more complete definition of what human concentration is. In a second study, the developed scale is used to study the human concentration-satisfaction relationship and key moderating variables are identified (service situation, confirmation/disconfirmation and scarcity of the service experience). Several direct and interaction effects are described. The main contribution of this part of the research refers to the demonstration that this relationship is complex and context-dependent. Crowd can also have a positive influence on satisfaction in specific conditions.


India is a multilingual country where 29 individual languages as having more than 1 million native speakers. Hindi & English are the official languages of the Republic of India. Hindi is the most widely spoken language in India. Every language has its own sound structure, grammar syntax and intonation pattern, which makes it unique. Speech is a vocalized form of human language and it is a primary means of communication between people. The accent is a significant component of any speech. An accent is the way that particular person or group of people pronounce words or sounds. It typically differs in the tone of voice, pronunciation and distinction of vowels, consonants, stress and prosody. The purpose of this research is to determine the impact of Hindi language on other Indian languages like Marathi, Marwadi and Urdu Language with accent and some other features. It uses Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC), Linear Productive Coding (LPC) to extract speech features from four different language groups, fundamental frequency Formant (F0) and energy feature vectors are used to examine the difference between language groups. This experiment tested on a database having 10 Hindi sentences which are let out by native speakers of Hindi, Marwadi, Marathi and Urdu. The observation from experiment indicates that both techniques give accurate and identical outcome. F0 and Energy parameter are founded effective in Urdu Dataset.


Mathematical description of a passively Q-switched laser and the way it works are presented. Both theoretical and experimental model of this laser have been worked out. Moreover, numerical analysis of saturable absorber influence on laser efficiency was made. It is the saturable absorber characterized by excited state absorption (ESA) that has been taken into account. The optimization procedure points to the optimal circumstances of the laser system considered. The results obtained numerically are in very good agreement with those achieved experimentally.


Fudin (1993b) raises two methodological concerns that he believes limit the usefulness of the results obtained by Hudesman, Page, and Rautiainen (1992). We have again attempted to address Fudin's concerns. The authors believe that the conclusions presented are appropriate to the procedure and results.


Thank you for reading two dimensional electrophoresis and immunological techniques. As you may know, people have look numerous times for their chosen readings like this two dimensional electrophoresis and immunological techniques, but end up in infectious downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they juggled with some malicious virus inside their desktop computer.


Lesson 1: Financial Management: An Overview. 1-15; Lesson 2: Time Value of Money. 16-25. Lesson 3: Capital Budgeting. 26-45. Lesson 4: Capital Budgeting: Discounted Cash Flow Methods. 46-71. Lesson 5: Risk Analysis in Capital Budgeting. 78-91. Lesson 6: Statistical Techniques to Handle Risk in Capital Budgeting. 78-91.


CCCL have noticed that the volumes of clothing waste have increased year on year. A considerable increase in the volumes of low grade, fast fashion clothing are processed in our sorting plants. In addition, the volume of slow fashion garments has considerably decreased. Even geographically wealthy wards throughout London and the home counties, with affluent levels of wealth; have seen a disproportionate increase in the volume of fast fashion disposal compared to that of 5 years ago.


Based on the measured data of sampling points and the heavy metal content of the surface soil in Karamay artificial carbon-sink forest,this paper applies Matlab to achieving the double hidden layer BP neural network model and,by using GIS technology to analyze the errors of the model,realizes the visual representation for the spatial distribution of heavy metals in soil in the study area at last.The results show that the fitting precision of the double hidden layer BP neural network model is about 90%,the accuracy of testing and the actual evaluation effect of the model are good,which indicates that it is feasible to apply the BP neural network model to simulating the spatial distribution of heavy metals in soil.The results also show that,in the middle part of the study area,the contents of five heavy metals,that is,Cu,Zn,Fe,Mn and Ni,are relatively low and have no significant negative impact on the environment,while on the edge of the study area,the contents of the five heavy metals are relatively high and have significant negative impact on the environment.


Analysis of Doppler weather radar echo data of heavy rainfall in Sichuan Basin from 2004 to 2007. Statistical and analytical on Dozens of cases of Heavy Rain, putting forward four Automatic storm warning factors: Composite Reflectivity, Echo Tops, Vertically Integrated Liquid, One Hour Precipitation, Summarized Automatic storm warning threshold factors of The above-mentioned factors. Introduction fusion algorithms, According to Automatic storm warning threshold factors of The above-mentioned factors Read the encrypted automatic station precipitation product information of every hour punctually, Calculated automatic early warning products of Rainstorm, With images and tables in the form of the output. Tests and analysis 3 times Weather during heavy rainfall in July 20, 2008;September 23–28, 2008;and July 14, 2009. This method have Clear warning capacity early on Now casting of Rainstorm.


Observations of the southern lobe of 3C 33 are presented which may provide observational confirmation for the idea that hydrodynamic considerations govern the basic appearance and structure of the leading edges of classical double sources. Apparent supersonic fluid flow features in the head of 3C 33 are identified. The head of the lobe is probably an illuminated bow shock which advances into the intergalactic medium at a Mach number of about 2.3. The synchrotron emissivity along the shock front scales with the local pressure jump as would be expected under conditions of equipartition between relativistic particles and fields. Observations of both external and internal shocks in extragalactic sources may permit a determination of the underlying physical flow parameters. 46 references.


Previous research into willingness to communicate in a second language (L2WTC) has focused primarily on its psychological aspects, and its socio-cultural nature is under explored. Framed with a socio-cultural perspective on second language learning, this study examined the relationship between L2 willingness to communicate, social/cultural capital and its five underlying factors including cultural competence, social competence, social solidarity, literacy, and extraversion in the Iranian EFL context. To this end, the Social and Cultural Capital Questionnaire (SCCQ) by Pishghadam, Noghani, and Zabihi (2011) and WTC questionnaire by MacIntyre, Baker, Clement, and Conrad (2001) were administered to a sample of 312 English-major students from three universities in Iran. The Pearson product-moment correlation showed the existence of highly significant correlations between all five factors of SCCQ and learners' L2WTC. Moreover, results from the regression analysis revealed that cultural competence and literacy were the best predictors of WTC. The implications of the study are discussed.


Abstract A simultaneous thermal analyzer carries out an experiment of the combustion characteristics of Xiaolongtan brown coal. The different heating rates (5, 10, 20 K min−1) under the mixed O2/CO2 atmosphere make the experiment feasible. The combustion and kinetic parameters of the Xiaolongtan brown coals are determined based on experimental results.


SUMMARY A procedure is given for estimating the size of a closed population in the presence of heterogeneous capture probabilities using capture-recapture data when it is possible to model the capture probabilities of individuals in the population using covariates. The results include the estimation of the parameters associated with the model of the capture probabilities and the use of these estimated capture probabilities to estimate the population size. Confidence intervals for the population size using both the asymptotic normality of the estimator and a bootstrap procedure for small samples are given.


On-line testing spectral response of NEA photocathode is carried out by means of the dynamic spectral response testing system developed by us and the curve fitting for spectral response is performed. Thus the evaluation for overflow probability, diffusion length, recombination rate of back interface and integration sensitivity are indirectly carried out. The evaluation for performance parameters of GaAs reflection type cathode activated by(Cs, O)is carried out and the results are given.


In the early morning hours of September 13, 2008, Hurricane Ike made landfall over Galveston Island, Texas. The National Hurricane Center described Hurricane Ike as a very large and dangerous storm. Its winds extended outward from the storm's center up to 115 miles, with tropical storm-force winds out to 275 miles. Storm surges ranged from ten to twenty feet above normal tide levels. The hurricane-force winds and storm surge devastated local rural coastal communities in Texas and Louisiana, many still recovering from severe damage caused by past Gulf Coast hurricanes, particularly Hurricane Rita in 2005.Rural coastal community leaders, still in the midst of repairing Hurricane Rita's damage, confronted a Gordian knot of issues and problems after Hurricane Ike. Conflicting community stakeholder perspectives and desires, government land-use and rebuilding expectations, funding limitations and delays, and uncertainty over the return of residents and businesses displaced by the storm presented ongoing challenges. In practical terms, immediate recovery following Hurricane Ike required swiftly restoring basic critical infrastructure and resident services, as was the case after Hurricane Rita. Sufficient basic services, such as water and sewage, and other necessary infrastructure such retail establishments and close-by temporary housing, were vital if displaced residents were to quickly find or keep jobs and rebuild.Longer-term political, social, and economic recovery and redevelopment efforts clearly would be complicated by another set of factors. Competition with other devastated communities for scarce resources so soon after other major storms, intricate insurance claim processing and ultimate payment, and government disaster and high-risk policy changes and interpretations at all levels could hold back community resurgence. At the "point of the spear" for disaster recovery and redevelopment was what even in the best of times was a "bare bones" rural-area government structure and personnel capacity. Still, rural coastal communities have factors that can mediate or mitigate the impact of a large storm or other disaster. Indeed, the communities may aggressively take advantage of the disaster's "window of opportunity" to build a new community future through recovery and redevelopment, not simply restore the past.The rural coastal region of Cameron Parish, Louisiana, is a good illustration of lessons other communities might consider. This article draws on the experiences of Ernest Broussard, the executive director of the Cameron Parish Planning & Development Office and responsible for parish recovery and resilience consensus building, planning, and strategy implementation. The article also reflects graduate student recovery research projects headed by Sharon Caudle, a faculty member of The Bush School of Government and Public Service, for Cameron Parish and Bolivar Peninsula, Texas. The research projects were funded by the Bush-Clinton Coastal Recovery Fund.Hurricanes Rita and Ike devastated the parish in two ferocious blows a few years apart. The parish operated from a position of strength in that it took advantage of Hurricane Rita experiences and planning. After Hurricane Ike, the parish immediately moved from short-term, basic service recovery activities to longer-term recovery and redevelopment strategies. As Mr. Broussard said, the parish and individual communities agreed that an overarching principle should be, "with a disaster, pain is inevitable, but suffering is optional." 1 The parish certainly knew Hurricane Ike would cause extensive immediate pain to residents and businesses, but there was no need to have prolonged suffering. What emerged was an entirely new vision of Cameron Parish's future and opportunities for a better quality of life, starting with a significantly changed economic development plan.BACKGROUND: RECOVERY AND REDEVELOPMENTRecovery and redevelopment - resiliency - following a major disaster has received extensive coverage in the literature and in government policies and guidelines at all levels. …


Full factorial experimental design was used to optimize the operating conditions of lactose converting into lactulose under electro-activation conditions. The ANOVA showed a high correlation coefficient R 2 (0.9889) and a low root mean square error (1.4 ± 0.15%) values for the regression model of the experimental design, indicating the good predictive nature of the model. The obtained results after optimisation showed that the optimum electro-isomerization conditions are the electric current of 300 mA, temperature of 10 °C, and reactor configuration in which a cation exchange membrane separated the central compartment from the cathodic one in which the electro-isomerization reaction was conducted. According to the optimized conditions, the maximum lactose conversion into lactulose was 30 ± 1.23%. As by-products of the electro-activation, only small amounts of galactose were observed.


Abstract : An overview of impedance- and modal-based substructure analysis techniques used in the Structural Acoustics Department is presented. The impedance technique described herein offers a substantial advantage over other coupling techniques because it is uniquely suited to handle data sets of varying origin. Of particular interest is the combination of numerically and experimentally derived frequency response data, which is especially useful for analyzing structures comprised of components too complex to model using the finite element technique. The impedance-based method is derived from the frequency domain substructure synthesis algorithm introduced by Jetmundsen et al., which offers a significant improvement over the traditional frequency domain technique in terms of the processing requirements. The modal-based methods involve the coupling of substructure eigen-analysis results to arrive at coupled system (complex-valued) eigen-vectors and allow forced response simulations for the coupled system. This method offers an alternative to traditional techniques employed by commercial finite element codes. Limitations of both techniques are identified and discussed along with potential methods for avoiding these shortcomings. Several example problems are presented that show each method's usefulness.


DISCRETION MEANS 'liberty to act at pleasure'1. Administrative discretion, therefore, means the authority vested in the Executive, i.e., the public officials who administer the government, to perform certain functions, exercise certain powers and take certain decisions according to their own judgement. The phrase 'Judicial System' refers to the hierarchy of courts designed primarily to ensure the predominance of the rule of law. The rule of law, in Dicey's original' formulation, postulates, inter alia, "The absolute supremacy or predominance of regular law, as opposed to the influence of arbitrary power, excluding the existence of arbitrariness, of prerogative, even of wide discretionary authority on the part of government. " 2 At first sight, therefore, the two phrases placed in juxtaposition, 'Administrative discretion' and 'Judicial System', would seem to be mutually exclusive, as the rule of law, which the judicial system is designed to enforce would exclude wide discretionary authority on the part of the administration. Yet, the two co-exist in every modern state with innumerable points of interaction. What is the nature, extent and scope of administrative discretion and how far and in what manner does the judicial system control it, are the broad questions that are the subject of this essay.


Solar energy exploitationSolar Technologies Sunlight into electrical energy through condensing mirrors changes. This energy is used to produce electricity or Batteries or can be used Can be stored in thermal storage. sun Energy in thermal storage can save solar power Air pollution during operation or Does not produce greenhouse gases. Solar Energy System Applications, Solar Energy in Taiwan Analysing challenges arising in applications and Briefly, Weighted Production Method (WPM) for the development of an evaluation decision-making system framework Basically collecting indicator variable sets. This paper is a weighted product for solving the routing decision problem Model (WPM) is used. Every Dynamically assign weights to criteria This proposed scheme Considers the relevant valuation method for Solar Energy Exploitation 1, Solar Energy Exploitation 2, Solar Energy Exploitation 3, Solar Energy Exploitation 4, Solar Energy Exploitation 5 is Alternative value. permeation characteristics, geometrical properties, climatological characteristics, systems characteristics and Evaluation parameters in Solar Energy Exploitation 5 is got the first rank whereas is the Solar Energy Exploitation 3 the Lowest Rankin this paper Solar Energy Exploitation in Solar Energy Exploitation 5 is got the first rank whereas is the Solar Energy Exploitation 3 the Lowest rank


Constructivism is an emerging pedagogy among teaching community across the world and National curriculum Frame work (NCF 2005) confirmed the direction to it in Indian classroom situation. Constructivism emphasizes how the learner constructs knowledge from experience, which is unique to each individual. This study was a pre-test post-test quasi experimental design incorporating both qualitative and quantitative techniques. 5E's learning (Engage-Explore-Explain-Elaborate-Evaluate) strategy has been applied to experimental group and Traditional method of teaching followed by control group where total 60 students participated. The Mathematics Achievement Test (MAT) was used to estimate the students achievement in both the groups. The experimental data revealed the following results. Firstly Constructivist learning approach significantly improves student's achievement in mathematics as compared to using a traditional teaching. Secondly Constructivist learning approach was equally effective for boys and girls in improving their achievements in mathematics. Thirdly students taught in constructivist learning environment have significantly enhanced their understanding and application abilities as compared to other abilities like knowledge and skill.


The paper presents a concept of bio-prosthesis control via recognition of user intent on the basis of EMG signal analysis. The contextual (sequential) recognition is considered and the following methods of sequential classification are explored: Bayes approach with Markov model, multilayer perceptron, multiclassifier with competence function, classifier based on fuzzy logic and classifier based on Dempster-Shafer theory of evidence. The concept of measurement stand which was the source of information exploited in the experimental investigations of algorithms is described. An experimental comparative analysis of the proposed algorithms for real data is performed and results are discussed.


Critical thinking can help its practitioners understand the issues in society. The authors discuss the method involved in evaluating the validity of arguments and the need for teaching and using critical thinking skills across the curriculum. Introduction Critical thinking, simply stated, is arriving at conclusions based on the legitimacy of one's research. "Legitimacy" is the operative word here, for the critical thinking process eradicates faulty thinking patterns and, in particular, those known as fallacies. Why is this process important in today's teaching climate? With controversies like the 2000 Presidential election, the McVeigh execution, the Megan's Law Internet connection, and, above all, the September 11th tragedy, there can be little doubt that improved critical thinking could provide a means of combating tendencies that might undermine some basic democratic rights on no firmer foundation than raw emotion, popular opinion, ideology and certain inflexible "traditions." R. W. Paul (1993a) states that the goal of critical thinking is "to cut through the propaganda, the information blitz and make sense of the world" (p. 674). Jacob Bronowski, in his famous book The Ascent of Man, refers to the lack of critical thinking as a misplaced sense of absolute "certainty" about things that can lead to a fascistic mentality. Psychologist Jack Gibb also refers to the defensive behavior of "certainty" (Adler and Towne, 1994). He stresses, in opposition to 11 certainty," an optimally supportive behavior, "provisionalism"-what the great American philosopher Charles S. Peirce called "fallibilism," the understanding that we can't be certain of anything absolutely. Taking such a position allows one to be flexible. If a certain viewpoint seems logically valid and sound, it can be tentatively adopted as accurate (although absolute certainty will never be claimed). Tentative adoption, not incidentally, is exactly the method of experimental science. Bronowski (1973) also believes that the opposite of a putative "certainty" is the process we call the search for knowledge-which might serve as a definition of that part of science and philosophy called the inquiry process. Inquiry, the search for fallible knowledge, means truly engaging in the thinking process. In short, critical thinking provides a superior approach to acquiring answers to difficult questions rather than believing uncritically what one hears on the evening newscast. Are students today being "dumbed down" by the media while at the same time receiving little, if any, education in a method for rational discourse? If so, then consider a remedy: critical thinking across the curriculum. Review of literature Brown and Keeley (1998) refer to critical thinking as an evaluation system for arguments. Browne, Freeman and Williamson (2000) feel that the "sponge method" of students uncritically turning to the Internet is questionable at best in terms of actually finding accurate knowledge. Uncritical thinking leads to the steady decline in the quality of student work-for example, in research papers-as well as a notable increase in the amount of plagiarism. Ennis (1996) states that critical thinking is "a process, the goal of which is to make reasonable decisions about what to believe and what to do" (p. xvii). Paul (1993b) further claims that critical thinking keeps thinkers free of "prejudices, hate, irrational jealousies and fears, stereotypes and misconceptions" (para11). He, like Bronowski, whose family members were killed in Auschwitz concentration camps, believes that only through critical thinking can the public evaluate what the media disseminates as "truth" and avoid the totalitarian mentality that led to Nazism and perhaps terrorism itself. Even an uncritical, flag-waving Americanism is potentially a dangerous thing. Significant differences exist between simple persuasion and critical thinking. One can be persuaded to the untruth just as well as the truth. …


The research of EMH theory has both normative and positive characters.There would exist great deviation in the market efficiency test of the burgeoning markets such as Chinese securities market,if we use random walk model based on western mature markets theory.This paper grounds efficient markets characters on micro-market structure,and discusses how to set up the test models which is suitable to China markets.In the end,we analyze the application of EMH theory to the actual securities business in China capital markets.


Abstract Limit equilibrium models of forces that act on joints in rock masses have a disadvantage in that it is impossible to explicitly integrate joint roughness amplitude because the models consider only the nondimensional parameters related to asperity geometry. However, for adequate joint roughness characterization, it is essential to consider amplitude as well. Thus, the formulation of a limit equilibrium model of the strain energies associated with rock joints is proposed, in which two different joints may yield under the same shear stress while they have asperities with the same slope but different amplitudes, because they actually have different strengths.


An innovative strategy for predicting the tolerance on the radiation pattern due to the mutual coupling effects between the radiating elements of linear antenna arrays is presented. Assuming known the maximum deviations of the element amplitudes with respect to the nominal ones, the errors on the excitation coefficients are modeled as circular intervals and an approach based on the Interval Analysis is used to analytically determine the upper and lower bounds of the power pattern. A representative result is presented to show the validity of the proposed method also in comparison with a state-of-the-art solution.


Synopsis. Tbe chromatographic analysis of the polysaccharide purified from Pa ramecium aurelia showed the presence of galactose and arabinose as monomers in 1 :3.14 ratio. The total polysaccharide level increased in first five minutes expo sure to UV irradiation of 7.829 x 10-12 ergs at 2537 A. Later on, the level gradually -depleted with duration of irradiation. The total free sugar levels in the ciliates showed an opposite trend. When the active paramecia were incubated in a medium con sisting of glucose, galactose and arabinose, it is demonstrated that the sugar is incor porated into the polysaccharide. This in vitro synthesis is affected by irradiation time. Five minutes irradiation inhibited the synthesis witb all substrates. Irradiation for longer periods inhibited incorporation of glucose but not the other monomers. The amylase activity at 5.2 pH increased substantially during 10 min irradiation. Later on, the original activity was restored. Irradiation aff ected the oxygen consump tion of tbe organisms and resulted in cytolysis. It is discussed that UV irradiation disturbs the carbohydrate metabolism of the paramecia causing alteration in the amylase molecule and ultimately denatures the enzymic activity.


Aim: This study was conducted to assess the safety and efficacy of postoperative hypofractionated radiotherapy (HRT) using simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) technique for glioblastoma (GBM) compared to conventional radiotherapy (CRT). Study Design: This was a prospective study with historical control arm. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Mansoura University Hospital, Mansoura, Egypt, between May 2017 and June 2019. Methods: The intervention (HRT) group included 30 patients who received 3D conformal HRT with SIB using field in field (FIF) technique to deliver a differential radiation dose to different targets. Planning target volume 60 (PTV60) includes the gross target volume (GTV) plus a 5-mm margin, and PTV45 includes the GTV plus a 15-mm margin. PTV60 will receive 60 Gy in 20 fractions, and Original Research Article Elghareeb et al.; JCTI, 10(4): 16-23, 2020; Article no.JCTI.63661 17 PTV45 will receive 45 Gy in the same 20 fractions (one fraction daily and 5 days per week).The CRT group included 30 patients who received 3D conformal CRT with total dose 60 Gy in 2-Gy fractions delivered over 6 weeks. Both groups was planned to receive concurrent and adjuvant temozolamide. Results: The median PFS was 10 months in both groups. The median OS was 13 months in HRT group versus 12 months in CRT group which is statistically non significant. The toxicities were mild and acceptable. Performance status and adjuvant temozolamide were significant predictors that affect the overall survival. Conclusions: HRT with SIB using 3D conformal RTH with (FIF) technique in patients with GBM is a feasible and safe treatment and its results is comparable to the conventional radiotherapy.


Proper leukocyte function at wound sites critically depends on adhesion molecules-mediated cell-cell and cell-matrix contacts. The involved membrane receptors and their downstream target molecules transducting signals to the cytoskeleton have not been clarified in detail yet. We here set out to define the signalling pathways which are relevant for leukocyte recruitment and for the intimate interaction between macrophages and apoptotic neutrophils during tissue repair. Using our previously generated b2-integrin-deficient mouse model lacking the common b chain (CD18) of b2-integrins and closely resembling the LAD1 syndrome in humans, we identified virtually abolished neutrophil recruitment and impaired formation of the phagocytic synapse between apoptotic neutrophils and macrophages. This resulted in reduced release of TGF-b1 which was causally responsible for reduced myofibroblast-driven wound contraction and for delayed cutaneous wound healing. We now were able to identify the tyrosine-kinase Syk to relay signals from b2-integrins to the cytoskeleton, thus coordinating b2-integrin-mediated neutrophil migration to wounded skin. In addition, we have identified the guanine exchange factor Vav3 as a target molecule acting downstream of b2-integrins and the Syk-kinase in macrophages. Similar to CD18, Vav3 was required for the proper phagocytic activation of macrophages to release TGF-b1 and to drive the myofibroblastdependent wound contraction, and if absent, resulted in impaired wound healing, as observed in Vav3-deficient mice. Targeting signalling molecules responsible for leukocyte functions provides a valuable tool to specifically modulate and rebalance inflammation and tissue repair in vivo.


indicator, whose reliability has considerably decreased in recent years, when many journals (not ours) started listing their articles in press in Pub Med. Since the system counting citations cannot discriminate the type of articles and whether the citation refers to a published paper or one in press, a fair and appropriate comparison of journals is impossible. For a clinical journal, however, there is something more important than the IF. It is what I would define as the Clinical Factor (CF), the degree and extent to which a journal provides information to the clinician that may improve his/her practice. Citation analysis can do very little for identifying the CF. Richard Balon, in a forthcoming issue of the journal, will try to select the papers that were published last year in psychiatric journals and that he subjectively perceived as having high CF. The CF is what we are pursuing the most. I am fully aware that by doing this I am swimming against the current scientific tide. In medicine in general, and in psychiatry in particular, there has been a progressive disappearance of papers with CF [6] . Psychiatrists are constantly reminded that genetics and neurosciences are going to transform and improve their practice. Biomarkers are considered to be the stairway to such a shift [7] and leading journals, such as the American Journal of Psychiatry and the Archives of General Psychiatry , are pursuing this perspective. Psychiatrists may share this optimism and wait for this event. Nothing has really come in the past 2 decades, The release of the 2009 Impact Factors by the Institute for Scientific Information has disclosed the remarkable performance of our journal. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics is listed both in the Psychology and Psychiatry rankings. Its 2009 Impact Factor (IF) of 5.37 places the journal fifth in the psychology ranking. However, since all preceding journals are only dedicated to review articles, this means that Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics is the top journal for original investigations in psychology. In psychiatry, the journal ranks in the top 10. The performance is the result of several factors. We should acknowledge here the perfect synchrony between Karger's editorial office and the invaluable Assistant Editors Chiara Ruini and Elena Tomba; the work of the editorial board and statistical consultants; the help of many external reviewers (listed in the appendix), who dedicated their time and efforts to assess and improve the quality of submitted manuscripts; the skills of Carlotta Belaise who prepared the press releases of the published articles; and the support of our authors and readers. Journal editors seem to regard the IF as an objective sign of accomplishment and often dedicate to it their first editorial of the year, showing their satisfaction with small increments or minimizing decrements, as politicians do after the elections. This is what I should probably be doing. The problem is that, unlike most of my colleagues, I have actually done research on IF and citation analysis [1–5] . I cannot hide from myself that the IF is a very rough Received: September 3, 2010 Accepted after revision: September 17, 2010 Published online: October 23, 2010


The invention discloses a method for building high-yield 5-aminolevulinic acid Escherichia coli engineering strains, and belongs to the field of metabolic engineering and micro-biological fermentation. On the basis that key enzyme glutamy tRNA reduction enzyme and glutamyl aminotransferase which are 5-aminolevulinic acid C5 synthesis paths are overexpressed through carriers pACYCDuet-1, uroporphyrinogen III synthase (UROS) hemD codes and coproporphyrinogen III oxidase (CPO) hemF codes from an escherichia coli heme biosynthetic pathway are independently expressed with pCDFDuet-1 or are expressed together, and recombination strains are constructed. By means of fermentation verification, hemD or hemF is expressed separated, hemD and hemF are expressed together, and the ALA yield is obviously improved.


One issue when utilizing natural oils as raw materials for preparing polymers in comparison with petrochemical starting materials is their complexity. Standard natural oils have typically very heterogeneous structure, which is reflected on properties of polymers. However, oils with regular structure such as high oleic oils, offer high degree of regularity approaching that of triolein. Cationic polymerization of epoxidized oils was carried in bulk using tris (pentafuorophenyl)borane. Epoxy resin made solely from epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) was compared with that from epoxidized high oleic algal (ETO) containing over 90 % oleic acid, with triolein as major component. Although epoxidized soybean oil had higher functionality (EOC content), the obtained algal epoxy resin displayed higher glass transition temperature than soybean resin's. The possible reasons are high oleic algal oil has higher regularity and soybean oil contains high content of saturated fatty acid (15 %), which can act as plasticizer. Moreover, crosslinking in ESBO might involved formation of cyclics from neighboring epoxy groups present in epoxidized linoleic acid and higher local cross-linking density.


An ability of learning for AND/OR operators is discussed to overcome a drawback of fuzzy ID3. In the fuzzy ID3, it is nearly impossible to obtain the most suitable fuzzy rules since the fuzzy ID3 has a couple of problems, i.e., a problem of a lack of representation and an adjusting problem. In our fuzzy ID3, AND/OR operators are formulated using t-norm and t-conorm connectives with parameters and each parameter is adjusted using golden section method. By using golden section method, we get the optimal solution at a high speed. The proposed fuzzy ID3 gives more accurate fuzzy rules by adjusting parameters. If t-conorm connective is selected as AND/OR operator, the decision tree has more flexible representation.


A solar temperature difference generation and vaccum heat collection device has a solar vacuum heat collecting board provided with a boron silicate glass light-transmitting layer (1.1) and a quartz glass heat collecting layer (1.5) from the top down in turn. A netted supporting liner (1.2) is formed between the light-transmitting layer (1.1) and the heat collecting layer (1.5). The periphery of the light-transmitting layer (1.1) and the heat collecting layer (1.5) is connected by a glass seal (1.7). An optical radiation absorption layer (1.3) is arranged on the heat collecting layer (1.5) and an air sucking nozzle (1.6) is arranged below the heat collecting layer (1.5). The space between the light-transmitting layer (1.1) and the heat collecting layer (1.5) is vacuumized. A semiconductor temperature difference generation assembly (4.2) located at the bottom part of the heat collecting layer (1.5) is connected with an output anode (5.8) and an output cathode (5.7). A bottom part of the semiconductor temperature difference generation assembly (4.2) is provided with a radiating bed (4.1), which is dipped in a cooling fluid circularly flowing under the bed (4.1) by a cooling fluid inlet (4.6) and a cooling fluid outlet (4.8).


In the 21st century the idea has gained ground that large-scale migration is not a major engine driving society but, rather, an anarchic component of social change, a misfitting tile in the mosaic, background noise breaking into the even hum of social life. And yet the ability to move and migrate is an essential human prerogative - a vital, physiological mechanism in the life of the community. Individual choices, the fitness of the migrants, selective processes and policy have all had deep-reaching impact on international migratory movements in the history of mankind, with complex outcomes for the success of migration. Some examples from the distant past and our own day illustrate the various models and paradigms at the root of international movements that are not extraneous but indeed inherent to the social system.


Livestock sector, sustains the growth of regional economy. Adequate policy measures need to be established for appreciable growth in productivity and sustainability in the regional and farm level productions and in the processing sectors. Migration of people, tourism development, increase in population, globalisation, urbanisation, increase in the economic status of people coupled with the adequate measures from governments, the demand for livestock products is on the steady increase. The effect of price and income on the demand of livestock products and other parameters on their supply is analysed; the predictions are made for the next two decades and the gaps; thereof are indicated.


The Enrico Fermi Atomic Power Plant, Unit 1 (Fermi 1) was a fast breeder reactor design that was cooled by sodium and operated at essentially atmospheric pressure. On May 10, 1963, the Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) granted an operating license, DPR-9, to the Power Reactor Development Company (PRDC), a consortium specifically formed to own and operate a nuclear reactor at the Fermi 1 site. The reactor was designed for a maximum capability of 430 megawatts (MW); however, the maximum reactor power with the first core loading (Core A) was 200 MW. The primary system was filled with sodium in December 1960 and criticality was achieved in August 1963. The reactor was tested at low power during the first couple years of operation. Power ascension testing above 1 MW commenced in December 1965 immediately following the receipt of a high-power operating license. In October 1966 during power ascension, zirconium plates at the bottom of the reactor vessel became loose and blocked sodium coolant flow to some fuel subassemblies. Two subassemblies started to melt and the reactor was manually shut down. No abnormal releases to the environment occurred. Forty-two months later after the cause had been determined, cleanup completed, and the fuelmore » replaced, Fermi 1 was restarted. However, in November 1972, PRDC made the decision to decommission Fermi 1 as the core was approaching its burn-up limit. The fuel and blanket subassemblies were shipped off-site in 1973. Following that, the secondary sodium system was drained and sent off-site. The radioactive primary sodium was stored on-site in storage tanks and 55 gallon (gal) drums until it was shipped off-site in 1984. The initial decommissioning of Fermi 1 was completed in 1975. Effective January 23, 1976, DPR-9 was transferred to the Detroit Edison Company (DTE) as a 'possession only' license (DTE 2010a). This report details the confirmatory activities performed during the second Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) site visit to Fermi 1 in November 2010. The survey was strategically planned during a Unit 2 (Fermi 2) outage to take advantage of decreased radiation levels that were observed and attributed to Fermi 2 from the operating unit during the first site visit. However, during the second visit there were elevated radiation levels observed and attributed to the partially dismantled Fermi 1 reactor vessel and a waste storage box located on the 3rd floor of the Fermi 1 Turbine Building. Confirmatory surveys (unshielded) performed directly in the line of sight of these areas were affected. The objective of the confirmatory survey was to verify that the final radiological conditions were accurately and adequately described in Final Status Survey (FSS) documentation, relative to the established release criteria. This objective was achieved by performing document reviews, as well as independent measurements and sampling. Specifically, documentation of the planning, implementation, and results of the FSS were evaluated; side-by-side FSS measurement and source comparisons were performed; site areas were evaluated relative to appropriate FSS classification; and areas were assessed for residual, undocumented contamination.« less


A critical review of binary color printing models is presented. The goal is to provide an understanding of the application of color printer models as a component for device profiles within a color management system. A short description of a modern color management system is pre- sented, followed by a brief explanation of the halftoning process. This leads into the discussion of the individual models, which takes an historical approach. The discussion starts with early models proposed in the 1930s by Murray, followed by Neugebauer, Yule and Nielsen, and other much more recent model forms. To aid in gathering the appro- priate data for printer modeling, experimental techniques are then discussed, followed by an explanation of the model optimization methods needed for parameter fitting. The re- view concludes with procedures for model evaluation and a presentation of the results from an application of the models to a sample dataset for an electrophotographic printer.


The major theme of this research is to develop the numerical scheme for the computation of nonlinear problems by the implementation of the boundary element method dependent on Taylor's series. This paper deals with the problem of laminar flow in a semiporous channel in the presence of a transverse magnetic field and the homotopy analysis method (HAM) is employed along with the general boundary element method to compute an approximated solution of the system of nonlinear differential equation governing the problem concerned. A well-known and useful nonlinear differential equation of fluid mechanics [Formula: see text] with the boundary conditions [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] is referred as an example to show a glimpse into the basic idea of the method and technique used in this paper. It shows the capabilities and wide range of applications of HAM using Taylor series expansion of the derived integral equation. A comparison of HAM with the results calculated previously has been discussed. The solution obtained with HAM in comparison with the numeric solution shows remarkable accuracy. Root mean square formula is computed for the convergence analysis at various values. An increment in the number of elements depicting the convergent results as error is decreased.


Objective To explore the status of medical college students' intercourse vexation and related psychological and social factors.Methods 483 undergraduates at different levels were recruited and TCSDS,SAS,PEI,EMBU,TCSQ,SSES were used in this investigation.Results ①30.85% medical students had the light intercourse vexation and 16.98% had the serious intercourse vexation.②TCSDS and SAS,negative coping,father factorⅡ,Ⅵ,mother factorⅢ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ showed significantly positive correlation.TCSDS and PEI,SSES,positive coping,father factorⅠ,mother factorⅠshowed significantly negative correlation.③Positive coping,SAS,subjective support,PEI,father factorⅥ and mother factorⅠentered the regression equation in turn.Conclusion There is the higher intercourse vexation rate in medical college students.The main factors affecting medical students' intercourse vexation include positive coping style and subjective support.


Hansen, Christian J. M.S., Department of Social and Applied Economics, Wright State University, 2008. Economic Development: The City of West Carrollton's Pathway to Growth. This report is an overview of an economic development internship with the City of West Carrollton, Ohio, a suburb of Dayton, Ohio. The first section explores the City's administrative roles and structure. The second section contains a Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, and Threat (S.W.O.T.) analysis, which evaluates the City's current economic factors. Next, the Location Quotient (L.Q.) method quantifies the area's industry makeup. Summarized is the SWOT analysis and Location Quotient in a listing of industry recommendations based on economic growth trends. The third section is a discussion of Tax Increment Financing (TIF) as an economic development instrument. A cost versus benefit study numerically illustrates a realistic implementation of TIF. Subsequently, a review of a cited report demonstrates why the National Education Association objects to TIF. The fourth section, the conclusion, is a three-part process to assist the novice economic development administrator with problem solving. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Introduction and Purpose................................................................................................. 1 I. Economic Development Roles and Structure.............................................4 A. Organizational Structure.............................................................. 5 B. City Manager............................................................................... 8 C. Economic Development Director.............................................. 10 1. ED as an Environmentalist...........................................11 2. ED as a Salesperson and Politician.............................12 3. Economic Development Director's Necessary Abilities...................................................... 12 4. ED as a Change Agent................................................. 17 D. City Planner.................................................................................18 II. Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (S.W.O.T) Analysis................................................................................. 20 A. Findings...................................................................................... 26 B. Location Quotient.......................................................................27 C. Growth Trends............................................................................ 33 D. Recommendations......................................................................38


We present a case of abdominal aortic aneurysm repair using a new technique of aortic stenting and discuss the anaesthetic technique used and the perioperative advantages of the technique.


The mixed salt Cs 2 (I(OH) 3 e 3 ) · CsSO 4 (H)H 5 IO 6 ( I ) was synthesized for the first time, and its struc- ture and properties were studied by X-ray diffraction, IR and Raman spectroscopies, impedance measurements and DTA method. It crystallizes in trigonal system: a = 7.503(2) A , c = 16.631(3) A, space group P 3, Z = 2. The crystal structure consists of octahedral IO 6 and tetrahedral SO 4 fragments, linked by a three-dimensional net- work of hydrogen bonds, and of the Cs + ions.


Destination personality and self-congruence are both omnipresent concepts within consumer behaviour studies: however, their effects remain relatively unexplored within tourism research. The primary objective of this research is to conduct a comprehensive examination of the impacts destination personality and tourist self-congruence has on satisfaction and loyalty within the tourism sector. The moderating effects of nostalgia proneness and novelty seeking will also be examined. It is envisioned that tourists in Hong Kong and Macau will be recruited to compete the self-administered questionnaire. The current study's findings will have significant theoretical and practical implications.


Compared to other processes treating living community domestic wastewater,the process SBR is highly compet-itive because of its flexibility,efficiency and economy.The data showed the effect of varied operating patterns upon the pollutant removal,which led to the optimum operation parameters.The removal of pollutants of the wastewater in terms of COD、NH4+-N、TN、TP reached 94.78%、92.01%、77.84%、91.45%,which achieved the reuse water standard.


The invention discloses a three-water-channel filter core and a water purifier. The three-water-channel filter core comprises a filter core adapter assembly, a filter cartridge and a filter membrane assembly arranged in the filter cartridge, wherein the filter core adapter assembly comprises a filter cap and an inner joint; the filter cap is provided with an upper waste water cavity and an upper purified water cavity; the filter cap further comprises a purified water port and a waste water port which are formed in the top of the filter cap; the inner joint comprises a first column body, a second column body and a jumper pipe; the second column body is arranged at the upper end of the first column body, and the jumper pipe is arranged at the lower end of the first column body; the filter membrane assembly comprises a central tube and a filter membrane member sleeving the periphery of the central tube; the three-water-channel filter core also comprises a lower waste water cavity and a lower purified water cavity; a purified water channel which communicates with the upper and lower purified water cavities is formed in the first column body; the second column body is embedded in the upper waste water cavity, and a waste water channel which runs through the first column body is arranged in the second column body; the jumper pipe is communicated with the lower waste water cavity; and the upper end of the waste water channel is communicated with the upper waste water cavity, and the lower end of the waste water channel is communicated with the jumper pipe. The three-water-channel filter core is compact in structure, few in assembling procedures and low in manufacturing cost.


It has a similar broad spectrum of antibacterial activity in vitro.128 However, comparative human pharmacology studies have found that, following intramuscular administration, serum concentrations and urinary recovery of cefazoli.n are greater than those of cephaloridine and those of cephalothin, the most widely used parenteral cephalosporin."4'#{176} To obtain additional data on cefazolin serum concentrations, urinary recovery, clinical acceptance, and effects on laboratory tests, a series of studies was undertaken comparing it with cephaloridine and cephalothin in normal volunteers. The results of these studies are presented in this report.


Research the different decorate appearances of the two sides and investigate social culture of different two sides,get Shanxi resident decoration having the extrovert character and Anhui,so as to supply the reference for the resident decoration having the introverted character,offer reference for consideration.


Research on determining the levels of lead (Pb), iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) in refill drinking water at 3 depots in Palu city, namely Manimbaya's depot, KH Dewantoro's depot and Tombolotutu's depot, has been conducted. The determination of metal concentration was analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). Results of this analysis show that the iron (Fe) concentrations were 0.1278 mg/L, 0.1426 mg/L, and 0.1059 mg/Lat the Manimbaya's depot, KH Dewantoro's and Tombolotutu's, respectively. Similarly, the manganese (Mn) concentrations were0.1927 mg/L, 0.1240 mg/L, and 0.1538 mg/L at Manimbaya's depot, KH Dewantoro's, and Tombolotutu's, respectively. Keyword: Refill drinking water, metal of lead (Pb), metal of iron (Fe), metal of Manganese(Mn), Atomic Absorption Spectrohotometry (AAS).


WITH the expansion of work for the blind in the last few years, the problem of housing rehabilitation trainees has been a very significant one. In many instances trainees had to wait for months before beginning training programs because they could not secure adequate housing near the training center. This was the case in our own state of Minnesota and many efforts on the part of the agencies for and of the blind, as well as other welfare agencies in the community, were put forth in order to secure adequate housing arrangements for those men and women who came to -Minneapolis to secure training. The results, however, were inadequate and a special multiple housing project was recommended.


Abstract : A theoretical framework, based upon recent studies in cognitive psychology on memory for text, was developed to explain certain aspects of human behavior during computer program comprehension and debugging. A central concept of this framework is that the information contained in a program is represented in a programmer's memory as a connected, partially ordered list (hierarchy) of 'propositions' (units of information with properties similar to those observed in research on text memory). An experiment was performed to test the hypothesis that the difficulty in finding a program bug is a function of the bug's location in this hierarchy. This experiment compared the effects of bug location, bug type (array, iteration, assignment) and specific program. Each of 48 subjects debugged two separate programs, with one type of bug at two different hierarchical levels in each program. A preliminary analysis suggested that all three factors -- program, bug type, and bug location -- significantly affected the time required to locate program bugs. Detailed analyses, however, suggested the program and bug type variables could be explained in terms of the bug location variable and the a bug's location in a program's underlying propositional hierarchy is a principal factor affecting performance in a comprehension and debugging task.


It's been over two decades since Alan Gibson and his Springfield colleagues conducted the original research for the Donor Committee on Enterprise Development (DCED) which led to the development of ...


The article deals with mathematical models of the pneumatic system with piston moving under the influence of the pressure of the compressed gas under heating. To determine the piston motion parameter, the mathematical model of the system has been built in several ways: by means of ordinary differential equations and using the gas dynamic equations. Both cases under consideration allow obtaining the approximate value of the piston motion parameters when the piston reaches the open end of the tube or peak velocity. The first method provides quite simple and much faster solution in comparison with the second method, but the second one takes into consideration gas molecular characteristics which makes it more accurate. The purpose of the study is to compare the results obtained by using both methods on performance and accuracy criteria, and to make recommendations on each method feasibility.


A four-year program has been undertaken to investigate the behavior of as-cast Nickel base superalloy MAR-M246 and to develop an approach to estimate the life under cyclic thermomechanical loading conditions. A complete set of experiments was conducted at temperatures of 650°C, 800°C and 900°C. A microcrack propagation model was developed to correlate creep-fatigue-environment interaction for both MAR-M246 and MAR-M247, two alloys of interest to GM. Two MS theses resulted from this research.


In order to discuss the effects of information on the enterprise as well as the information disposing ability of it, this article first deducts the information effect index formula under a stable absolute balance state, then colligates two effects which are spontaneous diffusion and quasi-coercive promotion, and deducts the information flow formula under an imbalance steady state, namely invariable inspiration state. Through the analysis of two formulae above, we conclude the information penetration characteristics of an enterprise in these two states,both inside and outside.


MUCH of what has been written regarding the escapades of the buccaneers who plundered the trade of the West Indies during the last half of the seventeenth century is an outgrowth of the writings of...


Abstract Red drum, Sciaenops ocellatus fingerlings cultured in recirculating systems for 56 days at 18, 22, 26, 30, or 34° C in salinities of 5 and 10 ppt exhibited best growth at 30.4 °C in 5 ppt and 31.1 °C in 10 ppt. Growth ranged from 7 to 125%. Survival and condition factor were not affected by temperature. The results of this study indicate that optimization of temperature in red drum culture systems will have profound effects on productivity.


A 37-year-old man was diagnosed with very severe aplastic anaemia (AA) with a normal paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (PNH) screen. He had no initial response to antithymocyte globulin (ATG) and ciclosporin, but blood counts recovered following a second course of ATG and oxymetholone. Ten years later he developed 'red urine' and an elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Flow cytometry with FLAER (fluorescent labelled aerolysin) confirmed a large PNH clone (left). He required regular blood transfusions. He developed Budd-Chiari syndrome and intra-hepatic tissue plasminogen activator (TPA) was administered followed by long-term warfarin. He developed further hepatic vein thrombosis, and eculizumab was started. Transfusion requirements initially reduced but later increased. However, his urine colour and LDH remained normal. Direct Coombs test was positive (IgG-negative, C3d3) and C3d-positive extravascular haemolysis was diagnosed. Erythropoietin was given and blood transfusions were continued. Serum ferritin was 2400 lg/l and magnetic resonance image-based measurement of liver iron concentration (FerriScan) confirmed parenchymatous iron deposition (right) with an average liver iron concentration of >43 mg/g dry tissue (normal range 0·17 –1·8). He is clinically stable requiring two to three transfusions every 3 months, on eculizumab, warfarin and erythropoietin. Approximately 10% of AA patients treated with ATG progress to haemolytic PNH. Diagnosis of PNH requires demonstration of reduction/absence of glycosyl phosphatidyl inositol (GPI)-linked proteins in at least two cell lines. FLAER specifically binds to the GPI anchor, and has become the most useful reagent for detecting white cell PNH clones (left). Most patients with haemolytic PNH are iron-depleted due to intravascular haemolysis and loss via the kidneys. Complement blockade at C5 by eculizumab results in increased C3 levels upstream in the complement cascade, resulting in extravascular haemolysis. This, together with the multiple blood transfusions he received for over 10 years and heterozygosity for the H63D mutation would have contributed to iron overload. FerriScan is a non-invasive, measurement of liver iron concentration, which can be done as an outpatient and obviates the need for liver biopsy.