Time courses of the suppressive effects on food intake of (+)‐amphetamine and (±)‐fenfluramine in deprived rats were found to be different. Amphetamine displayed a potent initial action which rapidly decayed, and this behavioural effect was consistent with the measured blood concentration of amphetamine which showed a peak at 1 h followed by rapid clearance. For fenfluramine, the initial suppression of eating was maintained over several hours and was, for the first hour, related to the blood concentration of fenfluramine but later to an active metabolite, norfenfluramine. The study shows how drug‐induced changes in feeding behaviour fluctuate over time and illustrate how single measures of food intake may overlook information about the effectiveness of anorectic drugs.


Financial industry is an aggregation and high concentration's modern service industry.Using the index system of regional financial agglomeration development and principal component analysis method,comprehensive analysis the development of financial industry in various provinces and cities in our country.This study shows that,due to the uneven economic development in China,the degree of concentration of regional financial industry is quite different,the regional financial industry developed in eastern and central regional China,high concentration;slowly in western China is,low concentration.According to the actual development of Chinese economy and financial situation,propose measures to further enhance the industry cluster competitiveness in financial services.


This paper estimates the path of inflation persistence in the United States over the last 50 years and draws implications about the evolution of the Federal Reserve's monetary-policy preferences. Standard models of central bank optimization predict that the central bank's preference for output stability is a determinant of inflation persistence. Hence, time variation of that preference should be reflected in changes in inflation persistence. We estimate an ARMA(1,q) model with a time-varying autoregressive parameter for monthly U.S. inflation data from 1955 to 2006. The coefficients provide an estimate of the inflation target and the path of inflation persistence. The estimated inflation target over the sample is approximately 2.8 percent and we find that inflation persistence declined substantially during Volcker and Greenspan's tenures to a level significantly less than one and significantly below that of the 1970s and early 1980s. JEL classifications:E52, E58


In 2006, the University of Maryland Health Sciences and Human Services Library launched Maryland Health → Go Local, a Web-based directory of local health-related services developed in partnership with the National Library of Medicine (NLM). NLM recently completed a thorough evaluation of the more than 30 nationwide Go Local projects and determined that the program was not meeting its return on investment. The program will be phased out. This article focuses on the process of creating Maryland Health → Go Local, including staffing, database development, promotion, maintenance, evaluation, and funding, and addresses phasing out the project.


We design and experimentally investigate the generation of orbital angular momentum (OAM) beams with topological number from l = -4 to 4 at the wavelength of 632.8 nm utilizing the nanophotonic dielectric metasurface array. We also detect the generated OAM beams using the dielectric metasurface array corresponding to their inverted topological number.


Intensive sampling over a period of a year has been carried out in Coves de Campanet, Mallorca, Balearic Islands, pro- ducing three pseudoscorpion species. Two of these are epigean species Chthonius (Chthonius) ischnocheles and Chthonius (Ephippiochthonius) tetrachelatus. The third is a previously undescribed species, Chthonius (Chthonius) campaneti sp. n., which represents the second hypogean species of the subgenus Chthonius known for Spain. A key for the Iberian species of the subge- nus Chthonius is provided.


A reactive interatomic bond-order potential for bcc tungsten is presented. Special attention in the potential development was given for obtaining accurate formation and migration energies for point defects, making the potential useful in atomic scale simulations of point and extended defects. The potential was used to calculate binding energies and trapping distances for vacancies in vacancy clusters and the recombination radius for self-interstitial atom and monovacancy.


Despite the proclaimed advantages of small business strategic alliances, little research has been carried out to determine whether these structures "cushion†the disadvantages arising from e-commerce adoption for member businesses. There has also been a lack of research into comparing e-commerce use in those small businesses that are members of a strategic alliance to those that have opted to remain outside such arrangements. This article aims to correct the situation by presenting the findings of a study of 177 regional small businesses in Sweden and Australia that investigated the impact of strategic alliance membership on disadvantages associated with e-commerce adoption. The results of the study indicate that e-commerce disadvantages are often dissipated through a strategic-alliance structure more easily than through a single self-directed unit. However, the cushioning effects of a strategic alliance membership are not uniform and they differ depending on organisational factors such as the size of the business, the market focus, and the business sector.


The Continuous Fibre Reinforcements and Thermoplastic resin (CFRTP) are widely employed in the prepreg processes. Currently, the most used thermoplastic resins in aeronautics are PPS (polyphenylene sulfide) and PEEK (Polyetheretherketone). They present many advantages on their mechanical properties. However, these mechanical properties depend strongly upon the thermoforming conditions, especially the intraply shearing. In order to improve and complete the understanding about the in-plane shear behavior of thermoplastic composite materials in their forming processes, the thermo-mechanical analysis of PPS/carbon and PEEK/carbon commingled fabrics at different forming temperatures are performed by using the bias-extension tests. The experimental data leads to significant difference on the in-plane shear behavior under different temperature, as well as the wrinkles can be noted in certain thermoforming conditions. Therefore, in order to predict the feasible forming conditions and optimize the important forming parameters of the thermoplastic composites, the in-plan shear behaviors in function of temperature will be integrated into our numerical model to carry out the numerical simulations of thermoforming processes.


Efficacy of two bromadiolone whole wheat baits (50 ppm and 100 ppm AI) and one strychnine whole barley bait (500 ppm AI) was tested for control of the northern pocket gopher. Bait was applied under field conditions using a tractor-drawn burrow builder. The bromadiolone baits averaged 8.5 and IV. 4 percent reduction in activity for the 50 ppm and 100 ppm baits, respectively. The 500 ppm strychnine bait averaged 52.8 percent reduction in pocket gopher acti'^^ity. Bait acceptance test showed 90 percent and 67 percent removal of the strychnine and bromadiolone test baits, respectively. Technical Report 87-1 May 1987


While current reform efforts press for ambitious changes to teachers' instructional practice, teachers' instructional beliefs are also consequential in such efforts as beliefs shape teachers' instructional practice and their responses to instructional reforms. This article examines the relationship between teachers' instructional ties and their beliefs about mathematics instruction in one school district working to transform its approach to elementary mathematics education. Quantitative results show that while teachers' beliefs did not predict with whom they interacted about mathematics instruction, teachers' interactions with peers about mathematics instruction were associated with changes in their beliefs over time. Qualitative analysis confirms and extends these findings, revealing how system-level changes in the district's educational infrastructure facilitated change in teachers' beliefs about mathematics instruction at scale.


This thesis examines two larger choral pieces by Leonard Bernstein, the Chichester Psalms and the Missa brevis, with the intention of helping conductors prepare and perform the works. The paper is written to aid choral professionals, whether they be university, college, or high school conductors, church musicians, symphonic chorus masters, or the music director of a professional ensemble. Included in the paper are: a discussion of the genesis and historical circumstances surrounding the composition of each work; an analysis of formal structures and key relationships for each movement; and suggestions for teaching and conducting the Chichester Psalms. In regard to the Chichester Psalms, the appropriate tempi, instrumentation, stage placement, and rehearsal techniques are discussed, as is the use of recordings by the composer as a study guide. The paper includes figures that illuminate the form of the individual movements of both works and give graphic representation to the written analysis. A selected bibliography and discography are included.


Silk screen printing is a much used method of producing the required images on printed circuit boards. This paper discusses in detail the techniques and limitations of the process.


The Australian Fair Pay Commission announced the award of $27.36 per week to employees on award wages earning less than $700 per week and $22.40 to those on over $700 per week on 26 October 2006. The ATCU commented that the increase would be sufficient to keep wages from falling in real terms, and will ease the pressure on many low-income households considering the inflation at around 4%.


What particiapation teachers training means is that in participation atmosphere teachers themselves feel the pleasure and puzzlement of active,cooperative and explorative learning,change their own ideas,attitudes,and behaviour,and apply the methods and knowledge they learned into their practice.The key to the success of participation training is the clarifying of the relation between the trainer and the trainee,the building strategies of forming training environment,and the mastering of the activity process design and training methods and strategies.


Abstract. In this work we consider the p-Laplacian type parabolic equation with Dirichlet boundary condition and establish the existence of weak solutions using Leray–Schauder's fixed point theorem and semi-discretization process.


delivered by Dr. Joseph Bryant, professor of surgery, at the Bellevue Hospital Medical College, and reported in the Medical News of New York for March 3rd: A female, about 35 years of age, was referred to him for diagnosis and treatment. She had suffered from persistent and annoying pains in the pelvic, right inguinal, and lumbar regions for a long time. For the relief of this the left ovary had been removed, and nephrorrhaphy on the right side had been practised some time before. Inasmuch as there only remained the appendix, the uterus, and the right ovary, the professor's attention was naturally directed to th se parts and to their condition. No evidence of ovarian, uterine,


The authors present a preliminary design of a damping ring for the TeV Linear Collider (TLC), a future linear collider with an energy of 1/2 to 1 TeV in the center of mass. Because of limits of the emittance, repetition rate, and longitudinal impedance, use is made of combined function FODO cells with wigglers in insertion regions; there are approximately 22 m of wigglers in the 155-m ring. The ring has a normalized horizontal emittance, including the effect on intrabeam scattering, which is less than 3*10/sup -6/, and an emittance ratio of epsilon /sub x/ approximately=100 epsilon /sub y/. It is designed to damp bunches for seven vertical damping times while operating at a repetition rate of 360 Hz. Because of these requirements on the emittance and the damping per bunch, the ring operates at 1.8 GeV and is relatively large, allowing more bunches to be damped at once.<<ETX>>


Commentary It is well established that the developing brain has an increased propensity for seizure activity compared to the adult brain, but the reasons for this vulnerability are not well understood. While this particular sensitivity for seizure susceptibility is likely due to many varying factors, one emerging hypothesis is that neural inflammation, particularly early in development, predisposes the brain towards seizure induction. Astrocytes, the most abundant type of glial cell in the central nervous system, are critically involved in synaptic development. These cells are also hypothesized to play crucial roles in epilepsy and to become reactive and contribute to immune responses, making them intriguing candidates to link early immune responses in the developing brain to increased seizure susceptibility. The studies in the highlighted manuscript address the question of how astrocytic Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) activation affects postnatal synaptic development in the hippocampus and how this relates to early-life epileptic seizures induced by a strong peripheral immune response. The authors first investigated the effects of inducing a strong immune response at different developmental stages on seizure susceptibility. They mimicked a strong immune response with a 3-day treatment of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a common model of inflammation, in young and adult mice. Seizure susceptibility and severity were then measured in response to pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) injections, a method for seizure induction in mice. Similar to previous studies, the authors observed that younger, but not older, mice treated with LPS had a more rapid onset of seizures with longer duration as well as increased glutamate signaling following PTZ. TLR4 activation stimulates an innate immune response in the brain and can be triggered by molecules such as LPS. The authors found that LPS did not influence seizure susceptibility in young TLR4 mice, which did not express TLR4, suggesting that this signaling pathway played a role in the seizure susceptibility observed in young mice. Glial cells are particularly sensitive to immune responses but are also imperative in supporting synaptic development and function. Therefore, the researchers next sought to determine how LPS affects glial cell activation in young and older mice, and how this may affect synaptic development. Because microglia are a subtype of glial cell thought to act as the brain's resident immune responder, activation of both microglia and astrocytes was examined. Younger mice had an increase in astrocyte activation following LPS treatment compared to saline controls, with no change in microglial activation. Adult mice, by contrast, showed the opposite response, with an increase in microglial activation following LPS treatment, but no change in astrocyte activation. These data suggest that effects of LPS on seizure Postnatal Activation of TLR4 in Astrocytes Promotes Excitatory Synaptogenesis in Hippocampal Neurons.


The purpose of this article is to show how the socio-humanitarian disciplines taught in schools and universities of Russia determine the formation of tolerance among the modern Russian youth in the border region. This study is based on the analysis of teaching the course "Fundamentals of Religious Cultures and Secular Ethics" and the cycle of socio-humanitarian disciplines in a number of Altai universities. The use of the dialectical approach allowed us to identify a number of complex and contradictory processes occurring in the modern Russian society, following the path of globalization, especially in the cross-border regions. In these regions on the same territory, representatives of many ethnic groups live with their customs, stereotypes, and religion. A systematic method (aimed at reviewing social and humanities disciplines in a single system of ideological knowledge gained at the schools and universities) became the basis for determining the main points that make the teaching of these disciplines a factor in the formation of tolerance. The content of social and humanitarian disciplines, their dialogical nature (requiring specific teaching methods) form a very important basis for the formation of tolerance to the culture of other nations, other customs, and another faith. The article reveals a number of problems that impede the use of the full potential of these disciplines for the formation of tolerance. In particular, the existing system when a student selects only one of a few modules in the course "Fundamentals of Religious Cultures and Secular Ethics" is very problematic and controversial, because this approach reduces the loss of knowledge about the content of other modules. The next problem that requires a serious reflection is the problem of adequate methods aimed at incorporating electronic resources into the subjects taught and using the hidden curricula in the work of high school teachers. The article suggests a number of ways to solve these problems.


For improving the cognitive and reading efficiency of domain knowledge,on the basis of the existing technology,this paper further studied the method of graphical display of knowledge.Based on ontology and semantic Web technology,it discussed the basic knowledge model and corresponding exhibition proposal which could be used to graphical display.Pointing to the layout problem of the knowledge graph,based on the genetic algorithm,combined with the actual layout requirements,it studied the suitable objective function,optimized the coding scheme,and also introduced the elite solutions group technology for saving advantage solutions.At the same time,it also improved the genetic strategy according to above processing characteristics.Example comparison proves the algorithm can reduce the intersections and achieve clustering purpose,has high efficiency,and can be used in the actual application.The above knowledge model and layout algorithm can be used in the actual system,and provide reference for similar research.


OBJECTIVE Graves' disease is associated with different HLA genes in Caucasians and the Chinese, in whom the HLA associations may be stronger in males than females. Common HLA‐associated susceptibility in both races may occur at the HLA‐DQ loci. The aims of this study were to examine the HLA‐A, B, DR and DQ associations with Graves' disease in a Hong Kong Chinese population and to determine whether the HLA associations differ between the sexes and between subjects with and without thyrotoxic periodic paralysis.


. In this paper, by the use of the celebrated Green(cid:146)s identity for double and path integrals, we establish some inequalities for functions of two variables de(cid:133)ned on closed and bounded subsets of the plane R 2 : Some examples for rectangles and disks are also provided.


A novel 1500 V IGBT (insulated gate bipolar transistor) was developed for the CRT horizontal deflection circuit. The authors clarify the device characteristics needed for the horizontal deflection circuit and demonstrate the 1500 V IGBT specially designed for this application. In order to make it possible to operate in the high frequency region, the device design and process conditions in the IBGT, i.e., the surface MOS-gate structure, the n/sup +/ buffer layer structure, and the lifetime killer control, were optimized. It was confirmed that this 1500 V IGBT was driven and operated up to a 70 kHz deflection frequency.<<ETX>>


Theories of justice and an HIV/AIDS health care policy for South Africa: a comparative analysis. On The io" of May 1994 Nelson Mandela was inaugurated as the first democratically elected black president of South Africa. The occasion was regarded, both nationally and internationally, as a triumph for humanity and perfused with a widespread optimism for the future of South Africa. Mandela proclaimed in his inaugural speech that "Never, never and never again shall it be that this beautiful land will experience oppression of one by another .... The sun shall never set on so glorious an achievement." However, now, less than 10 years later the rapidly accelerating and devastating HIV/AIDS epidemic is again 'obscuring the sun'. Those people affected so negatively by the racial, economic and gender injustices of the apartheid past, seem again to be suffering a possible injustice, because of a health and welfare system that is struggling to meet the needs of the HIV affected population. The purpose of this dissertation is to examine the concept of distributive justice in South Africa, within the context of this devastating epidemic. I begin by discussing the Bill of Rights in the South African Constitution. I argue that an acceptable framework for a theory of justice for health care in South Africa, must be worked out against the background of this egalitarian Bill of Rights. I then consider the extent of the HIV epidemic, the effect it is having on the people of South Africa and the consequent implications for health care


In order to solve domain equations over bounded compact metric spaces xed points of functors on categories of bounded compact metric spaces are studied Two categories of bounded compact metric spaces are considered KMS and KMS In both categories objects are isomorphic if and only if they are isometric As a consequence provided that the operation of a domain equation can be extended to a functor if the functor has a xed point then this xed point is a solution of the domain equation and vice versa It is shown that so called locally contractive functors on KMS and contractive functors on KMS have xed points Furthermore it is shown that locally contractive functors on KMS and KMS have at most one xed point up to isomorphism Hence locally contractive functors on KMS and contractive and locally contractive functors on KMS have unique xed points Examples are presented of extensions of various operations to functors a simple operation which cannot be extended to a functor and a functor not having a xed point Most of the results in this report are based on similar already known results for bounded complete metric spaces AMS Subject Classi cation E Q CR Subject Classi cation D F


The modernization of mass media and emergence and fast development of internet is a great challenge to the ideological and political education in the new age. It is necessary to improve, modernize the ideological and political education.


We investigate structural, magnetic, and electronic properties of SrFeAsF as a new parent for superconductors using a state-of-the-art density-functional theory method. Calculated results show that the striped antiferromagnetic order is the magnetic ground state in the Fe layer and the interlayer magnetic interaction is tiny. Calculated As and Sr positions are in good agreement with experiment. There are only two quasi–two-dimensional bands near the Fermi level. The valence charge is mainly in the Fe and F layers, and the magnetic moment is confined to the Fe atoms. All the spin couplings within the Fe layer are antiferromagnetic due to the superexchange through the nearest As atoms. These results, with the record-equaling phase-transition temperature in the latest Sm-doped SrFeAsF, show that the SrFeAsF, sharing the same structure with LaFeAsO, is promising for achieving better superconductors.


AbstractAnother form of Mr. Lauf's expression for a conformal adjustment of a system of coordinated points may be of interest. These are assumed to be already in harmony with i control points and are to be brought into agreement with j further points. (Mr. Lauf deals explicitly in his paper with the special case i = 2, j = 1, but he adumbrates a general solution.)


This book is a follow-up of previous contributions in Human-Centered Design and practice in the development of virtual prototypes that requires progressive operational tangibility toward Human-Systems Integration (HSI). The book discusses flexibility in design and operations, tangibility of software-intensive systems, virtual human-centered design, increasingly-autonomous complex systems, Human-Factors and Ergonomics of sociotechnical systems, and systems of systems integration. This is an attempt to better formalize a systemic approach to HSI. Good HSI is a matter of maturity… it takes time to mature. It takes time for a human being to become autonomous, and then mature! HSI is a matter of human-machine teaming, where human-machine cooperation and coordination are crucial. We cannot think engineering design without considering people and organizations that go with it. We also cannot think new technology, new organizations and new jobs without considering change management, especially in digital organizations. The book will be of interest to industry, academia, those involved with systems engineering, human factors and the broader public. Features: • Discusses flexibility in design and operations of complex systems • Offers tangibility of software-intensive systems • Presents virtual human-centered design • Covers autonomous complex systems • Provides human factors and ergonomics of sociotechnical systems


SUMMARY A method to detect analytically structural damage in building frames is proposed. The structural damage is expressed as the loss of stiffness. It is assessed using the transformation matrix that relates the initial condensed stiffness matrix of the structure and that perturbed, due to the structure damage. Both matrices, initial and perturbed, can be obtained using the vibration modal shapes of the structure. The theoretical location and assessment of damaged structural elements in a plane frame due to an earthquake excitation is presented.


I have long enjoyed the spontaneous way that children create artwork. Their ease of expression, that ability to disregard anything extraneous or peripheral, the lack of self-censorship, these intangibles are for me the most elusive of all aspects of creating and are probably what I strive for most in my own artistic practice. So whenever the opportunity to do clay work with school children arises, I grab it with both hands.


The japonica rice cultivar "Nipponbare" and indica rice cultivar "9311" were treated by nitrogen ion beam implantation and γ-rays irradiation to induce mutants for genetic and functional genomics researches.The damage effects were evaluated in M_1 generation and M_1 plants were harvested by single plant.Screening in M_2 generation and identifying in M_3 generation,740 and 666 mutants in Nipponbare and 571 and 781 mutants in "9311",were induced by nitrogen ion beam and γ-rays.Morphological variations at vegetative and reproductive stages,including leaf,stalk,panicle,seed and various physiological characters,were commonly observed in the two mutagenized populations.The mutation frequency of 6.44% for Nipponbare at the ion beam dose of 5.0×10~(16) N~+/cm~2 and 6.38% for "9311" at 2.5×10~(16) N~+/cm~2 were observed,and for r-rays irradiation at dosage of 150Gy were 5.68% and 9.44% respectively.In the present study,the damages in M_1 generation of each higher mutation population were least.So,this new mutant library,which was obtained by ion beam implantation and γ-rays irradiation,may be helpful for gene identification and gene functional analysis in future.


Overgrazing; overutilization; heavy use of forage species are some of the descriptive terms used when grasses or other forage species are used to the point of "no return." The drier regions of the country historically, like other parts of the country, have felt the ravages of too many grazing animals on a unit of land. Much of this has been corrected, though, to be sure, there are isolated overgrazing problems that occur intentionally or unintentionally. The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) has, on many of its districts, had monitoring in place for a number of years. The idea of these studies is in part to detect, in short order, problems related to grazing and correct them. The Arizona Strip District is a district where monitoring studies have been in place for a number of years. It now has over 400 key areas with monitoring studies. One of these key areas in an allotment put up the "red flag" in 1977. Had this key area been a monitor in a nuclear power plant, the buzzer would have buzzed, the coffee in employees' coffee cups would be rippling as the plant vibrated as a meltdown was about to occur (remember The China Syndrome).


A dying arm disease of grapevine is important on some grape varieties in California. Leaf and shoot symptoms are readily apparent in mid-April, when healthy shoots are 6 to 12 inches long. Initially, single arms are affected, with the infection spreading to the main framework of the vine in succeeding years. Yield declines accordingly. The fungus causing apricot dieback (Eutypa armeniacae [impf. Cytosporina]) has been consistently isolated from diseased grapevine tissues.


A major exhibition opened at the Archaeological Museum of Thessaloniki on April 3, 2017. Entitled "Figurines. A Microcosmos of Clay," this exhibition presents some 617 terracotta figurines from Macedonia and Thrace that range in date from the early Neolithic period to late antiquity.


The key objective in the design of a new radio interface for next-generation wireless communications is to develop a scalable and adaptable radio access system that will support the challenging requirements for systems beyond third generation (B3G). The new radio interface must support a wide range of usage and radio environments and provide a significant improvement in performance and quality of service to meet future market demands. In addition, the new radio interface should also make optimalum use of spectral resources through techniques such as multiple antennas and advanced resource management. Bell Labs is currently collaborating with a strong consortium of major players including service providers, manufacturers, and academic organizations in the wireless field, within the framework of the European Commission–funded Wireless World Initiative—New Radio (WINNER) project. By studying the requirements, enabling technologies, and identifying the critical issues, WINNER can help build a consensus of a system concept and regulatory requirements, and encourage new opportunities for convergence. © 2007 Alcatel-Lucent.


The indirect speech and the formality that characterises it, have often compelled storytellers to use animals in their stories. It is on this basis that allegory and fable have been created and come into use. By the end of World War II, George Orwell offered to English literature one of its best socio-political allegories: Animal Farm 1 . From Aesop to Orwell passing through La Fontaine, allegory has played a predominant role in our lives, a role that displays virtues as well as vices. News on the radio, television, newspapers, internet...are enough for us to realise that today in some parts of the world, people continue to live under a disguised dictatorship.


A collaboration among an instructor, librarian, and Wikipedia was initiated to help second-year undergraduate students at University College Dublin, Ireland, increase their digital citizenship skills through publishing in Wikipedia. The collaboration brought together diverse relevant expertise to design and deliver an effective learning experience. Integrating Wikipedia into the classroom experience gave students firsthand involvement with the research and scholarly communication process. The chapter is divided among three perspectives, reflecting academic, library, and Wikipedia perspectives on the implementation of the collaborative authorship project:   Deeper learning through learning design in the classroom using Wikipedia—an academic's perspective.   Using Wikipedia to teach critical thinking and academic integrity—a librarian's perspective.   Enabling university students to write and publish collaboratively with Wikipedia—a Wikipedian's perspective.   Students engaged enthusiastically with Wikipedia. Challenges included supporting students in implementing new learning, such as academic integrity skills. The partnership among academic staff, the library, and Wikipedia suggests a potential framework for learning design (Boling, 2010), which may help others apply a similar experiential approach to learning.


Summary. Approximate methods are applied to problems of internal reflection in a continuous medium when the changes of properties in a wave-length are small. It is found that total internal reflection gives a phase shift of 1/2π in harmonic waves and hence a blunting of a pulse and the introduction of some oscillation.

In the absence of a free surface P and SV movements are substantially independent even if total reflection takes place. SH and SV can travel in an internal layer of low velocity, but will not produce much motion at a free surface unless the total variation of properties is small. P waves in such a channel will suffer attenuation by conversion to SV at the free surface.


Chronic wounds are a growing medical issue around the world, with 2.4 - 4.5 million people afflicted in the United States alone. The condition currently makes up 2-3% of healthcare costs for developed countries, and this number is expected to increase as chronic wound-causing problems, like diabetes, grow in prevalence. Due to the lack of effective wound dressings, chronic wounds face a higher risk for bacterial infection and express high morbidity and mortality rates. Many current dressings are homogeneous and fail to account for the complexities of the different layers of skin. Alternatively, asymmetric electrospun nanofibers have a bilayer design that corresponds to the skin's dermis and epidermis. We intend to demonstrate that an asymmetric electrospun nanofiber composed of polycaprolactone (PCL), chitosan (CS), and curcumin (Cur) can be utilized as a chronic wound dressing. These three biodegradable and biocompatible components were applied in an asymmetric design to mimic the protective epidermis and porous dermis. Upon electrospinning our asymmetric nanofiber and running it through a scanning electron microscope, we found that our hydrophobic PCL layer had a low porosity (52.16%) and thin nanofibers (281.82 nm), while our hydrophilic PCL/CS/Cur layer had a high porosity (61.18%) and thick nanofibers (425.54 nm). Our asymmetric nanofiber was also more effective at resisting bacterial permeation than the homogeneous PCL nanofiber. Our results highlight the superiority of asymmetric membranes for resisting bacterial infection and suggest that with further experimentation, we can establish our nanofiber as a viable wound dressing.


In this study, we report the synthesis of SiO2@TiO2 core-shell nanocomposite particles by ultrasound irradiation of a mixture of dispersed SiO2 nanoparticles, titanium-tetra-n-butoxide (TBOT), and ammonia in an ethanol-water solution medium. The resulting core-shell nanocomposite particles were characterized by SEM, TEM, FT-IR, XPS, XRF, zeta potential measurements, XRD, and UV-visible spectroscopy. Results showed that TiO2 nanoparticles coated on the surface of SiO2 were 6–10 nm in size and retained an anatase crystalline phase. Zeta potential measurements confirmed that the surface property of the SiO2 changed after TiO2 coating. SiO2@TiO2 core-shell particles demonstrated better decolorization of methylene blue dye compared to commercial TiO2 in aqueous solution under UV light. After treatment, the catalysts were separated with low-speed centrifugation and successfully reused four times without loss of activity. This study may provide some inspiration for the synthesis of other metal oxide-metal oxide core-shell nanocomposite materials through ultrasound irradiation.


The synthesis of 2-(2-diphenylphosphinophenyl)-oxazolines from o-fluoroben-zonitrile and (-)-norephedrine or (+)-endo-2-hydroxy-endo-3-aminobornane is described. The Pa-catalyzed alkylation of (E)-1,3-diphenylallyl acetate with the sodium salt of dimethylmalonate using these chiral ligands occurs with an 82–87% yield and 88–93% ee.


A programme of events and exhibitions at The Stephen Lawrence Gallery, exploring the referent as method, whether through readymades, collage or empirical investigation. Includes exhibition and symposium "The Eagle Document" (co-curator Monika Oechseler) examining the artist's collection as a creative tool. Also: "Use and Mention", a survey of collage (co-curator Dr. John Chilver); "Milestone", artists' responses to the McPherson Report (co-curator Jack Tan); and "City is Forever, not me" (co-curator Oliver Zwink)on Berlin's recent history of urban renewal and its impact on the creative industries.


The present invention also relates to nighttime distinctive signs identifying the contents of the text panel guiding light background plate provided signs EEFL high luminance backlight device disposed through the inner plate signs on the road. Built-in features of the present invention has a backlight plate signs is that comprising: a backlight plate (30), a plurality Once spaced EEFL (20) disposed continuously forming a surface light source with a light background, having reflecting properties; Transparent protective plate (50), which is disposed in front of the backlight plate for guiding the support plate; guiding plate (40), which is connected to the transparent protective plate disposed with a translucent plate guiding labeled words and symbols; a housing (60), sequentially loaded thereon and fixed to the mounting plurality EEFL (20) of the backlight plate (30), a transparent protective plate (50), and the guiding plate (40) in its four sides having a cover (61); operation control section (70) for supplying operating voltage to the backlight panel provided for driving a plurality of lamps EEFL lamp driver (32).


An inventory aimed at documenting the occurrence of at least 90% of the terrestrial wild mammal species potentially present on Mammoth Cave National Park took place from 2005 to 2010. Documentation of mammal occurrence was accomplished via visual encounters and trapping. Visual encounters included methods like sighting individuals, conducting spotlight surveys by boat, locating mammal sign, hearing mammal calls, and fi nding dead individuals. A variety of trapping methods were used, including remote "trail" cameras, live traps, pitfall traps, drift fence-pitfall arrays, and several other opportunistic capture methods. 663 mammal records were documented by visual encounter or some trapping method representing six orders, 13 families, and 32 species. Of the 37 species potentially present in 2005, 32 species (87%) were confi rmed present in 2010. Total trapping eff ort (# of trap-nights) was 118,567. A total of 163 specimens were collected as vouchers. No federally listed species of terrestrial wild mammals were documented. 60 Mammoth Cave National Park's 10th Research Symposium: Celebrating the Diversity of Research in the Mammoth Cave Region


The numerical modeling of reflector antennas is a necessary stage of their design. Due to numerical modeling dimensions of all antenna elements are defined. The more factors are accounted during antenna numerical modeling the more accurately the antenna elements dimensions are defined. There are many methods used in the programs of antenna numerical modeling: geometric optics method; aperture method; geometric theory method of diffraction; physical optics method, integral equations method; finite elements method. By now there are many papers in which the different aspects of reflector antenna numerical modeling are discussed. For determination of the field antenna reflector in regions of main lobe and first side lobes in front semi-space the aperture method is used; for determination of the field in full semi-space the physical optics method is used (Chen & Xu, 1990; Charles, 1975; Rusch, 1974). The geometric theory of diffraction (Narasimhan & Govind, 1991; Rahmat-Samii, 1986; Narasimhan et al, 1981) and moment method (Khayatian & RahmatSamii, 1999) are used for determination of the field in back semi-space, for determination of field features in front semi-space related with diffraction of the field on the edge of paraboloid and hyperboloid surfaces and for modeling the feed-horn. In a number of papers different approaches are used for simplification of analytical expressions for calculation of antenna fields to reduce a mathematical model of antenna and to simplify modeling program (Rahmat-Samii, 1987). A number of works deal with research into the field in nearfield zone (Narasimhan & Christopher, 1984; Fitzgerald, 1972; Houshmand et al., 1988; Watson, 1964). But the results are not reduced to numerical data in that volume which is necessary for antenna design. The field distribution in near-field zone is described in detail for plane aperture at uniform its excitation (Laybros et al., 2005), but for reflector antennas such research was not provided. The reflector antenna in receiving mode is not discussed in literature, however at designing antenna for radioimaging systems it is necessary to know of field distribution in the focal region at receiving of the wave from near-field zone points. The issue of isolation of channels in multi-beam reflector antenna at receiving of the wave from near-field zone is not analyzed too. Without analysis of the isolation between channels it is impossible to analyze the quality of imaging in radioimaging systems. In literature a number of works deal with describing the feed-horns in monopulse reflector antennas (Hannan, 1961; Scolnic, 1970). There is a little information on numerical characteristics description the regularity in monopulse reflector antenna. In the present chapter the mathematical model of the single-reflector paraboloid antenna and double-reflector paraboloid Cassegrain antenna is based on physical optics method


Factors that affect the earthquake disaster of earth-rockfill dam are very complex.These factors may be interrelated each other with multi-modal and non-linear noise relationship.Artificial neural network has characteristics of high fault-tolerant,self-learning,self-organization analysis and can be analyzed complex nonlinear problems.BP neural network model is established to train the historical earthquake disasters samples with 40 group data sets of earth-rockfill dam in the world.The non-linear relationship between earth-rockfill dam and its influence factors is reflected excellently and the seismic disaster levels prediction model of earth-rockfill dam is established successfully based on BP neural network.Example shows that the BP network can be used to predict earthquake disasters of earth-rockfill dam effectively.


The invention relates to a production method of dimethyl phosphate, which takes phosphorus trichloride and methyl alcohol as raw materials for reaction. The method comprises the steps of: in a reaction chamber space having cross injection angle and the injection structures of the raw materials, respectively and continuously injecting and sending the phosphorus trichloride and the methyl alcohol which are based on the molar ratio of 1: (3.0-3.1) into the reaction chamber space through respective injection structures by corresponding pumping mechanisms for mixing together and reaction; then, introducing reaction material into a centrifugal cyclone separator with the pressure lower than that of the reaction chamber space along the tangential direction, and leading noncondensable gas and condensing liquid product to have centrifugal cyclone separation; and collecting the liquid dimethyl phosphate product descending along the inner wall of the centrifugal cyclone separator. The method can rapidly complete the reaction and the separation for products, effectively reduces the contact between HCl and the dimethyl phosphate, inhibits the occurrence of side reaction, improves the yield and the quality of the product, and greatly reduces the energy consumption.


AbstractClouds are an essential parameter of the surface energy budget influencing the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) response to atmospheric warming and net contribution to global sea level rise. A 4-yr record of NASA A-Train cloud observations is combined with surface radiation measurements to quantify the WAIS radiation budget and constrain the three-dimensional occurrence frequency, thermodynamic phase partitioning, and surface radiative effect of clouds over West Antarctica (WA). The skill of satellite-modeled radiative fluxes is confirmed through evaluation against measurements at four Antarctic sites (WAIS Divide ice camp and Neumayer, Syowa, and Concordia stations). Owing to perennial high-albedo snow and ice cover, cloud infrared emission dominates over cloud solar reflection and absorption leading to a positive net all-wave cloud radiative effect (CRE) at the surface, with all monthly means and 99.15% of instantaneous CRE values exceeding zero. The annual-mean CRE at the WAIS surface is 34 W m−...


As this issue goes to press, it appears probable that the Water Power Bill, which has passed both the House and Senate, will come up for active consideration before the conference committee within a few days. This is made possible because the conferees serving both on the Railroad Conference Committee and Power Conference Committee, were released when that Bill was agreed to and sent back for final passage. It is contemplated that at least a month will be required for the adjustments which will be made in conference.


This paper investigates the question whether it really matters for microeconometric evaluation studies to take account of the fact that the programmes under consideration are heterogeneous. Assuming that selection into the different sub-programmes and the potential outcomes are independent given observable characteristics, estimators based on different propensity scores are compared and applied to the analysis of the active labour market policy in a Swiss region. Furthermore, the issues of heterogeneous effects and aggregation are addressed. The econometric considerations as well as the results of the application suggest that an approach that incorporates the possibility of having multiple programmes could be an important tool in applied work.


The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between attitude and motivation
towards learning English and the achievement in English. 330 form four students are chosen as sample from the Sarikei Division secondary schools. All the form four students are chosen randomly from the population approximately 2119 students. Data was collected through a 46 -item questionnaires (2 sections : Attitude and Motivation). Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data. For earlier stage, a pilot study was carried out with the 30 students to test on the questionnaires chosen from Attitude and Motivation Test Battery (Gardner, 2004). An analysis using the Coefficient reliability test (Cronbach's alpha) was conducted to ensure the reliability of the constructs on the attitudes (25 questions) and motivation (21 questions). The reliability of all question items in the questionnaire was at a high level, depicting .90. The independent sample t-test was used to see the differences of the attitude, motivation and students' achievement based on the gender. Pearson correlation method was used to analyse the relationships between the variable of attitude, motivation and students' achievement in English. The findings revealed the non-significant results of the attitude and motivation with the gender. This indicated that there was no clear difference between the male and female students in the aspects of their attitude and motivation that would influence the learning of English. Interestingly, there was a significant result on gender in the comparison with the achievement of the students whereby the female students performed better result in English than the male students. The Pearson correlation reflected the significant relationships for the variables of attitude, motivation and the achievement. The obvious relationship was shown between the attitude and motivation that conveyed the positive strong association


Sub-sampling (SS) and injection-locking (IL) techniques are becoming increasingly popular for 5G millimeter-wave (mmW) frequency generation [1], [2] due to their ability to achieve ultra-low jitter (<100fs). However, as indicated in Fig. 17.6.1 (top-left), sub-sampling PLLs (SS-PLL) typically suffer from high-power consumption, especially in mmW VCO buffers, which isolate the VCO from its sampler for reducing reference spurs, and in the high-speed dividers [2]–[4]. Also, the analog loop filter usually occupies large area. On the other hand, the IL technique for mmW frequency generation requires power-hungry high-frequency injection (~GHz) to fully suppress the oscillator phase noise [1], [4] and cannot ensure robustness over PVT (process, voltage, temperature) [4], which requires an additional frequency-tracking loop (FTL), see Fig. 17.6.1 (top-right). Furthermore, there exists a significant danger of a timing-race problem between the injection reference and FTL, since the frequency error may be corrected by IL before the FTL senses it. In [1], the FTL based on a phase averaging technique can solve the timing-race problem but requires a QVCO and an analog loop filter with relatively large area.


ABSTRACT Until the 20th century, the spiritual nurture of children was not a high priority for the Christian church. In fact, for most of Christian history, reflection on the nature of children and their faith formation was often considered "beneath" the work of theologians. Two 19th-century American Christian writers, however, stand in sharp contrast to this trend: Horace Bushnell (1802–1876) and Ellen G. White (1827–1915). This article examines, compares, and contrasts the thoughts of these two thinkers on Christian nurture within the context of their lives and theologies of human nature and salvation.


I review the saga of photoexcitations in trans-(CH)x as of 1992. I show that both neutral and charged solitons are photogenerated with high quantum efficiency. We followed their dynamics from subpicosecond to tens of milliseconds and show that interesting physics can be extracted from the transient response in each time domain. § 1.· Introduction


Han Shi Wai Zhuan written by Han Ying in the early Han Dynasty collected the Confucian classics and the studies of the Erudites to elucidate the Shi Jing.Because the Han Shi Wai Zhuan mostly invoked the Xunzi,many predecessors looked on it as "branch of the Xunzi".Although Han Ying was influenced by the Xunzi in many aspects,but also absorbed a lot of the Mencius,which showed his respect for Mencius.On the theory of human nature and following ancient sacred kings Han Ying reflected the tendency of synthesizing Mencius and Xunzi's thoughts.On the theory of Contingency perspective and well-field system Han Ying's opinion is consistent with Mencius.Han Shi Wai Zhuan took over the"Animadvert on the Twelve Sophists" in the Xunzi,but deleted the part of "Animadvert on Zisi and Mencius".Likewise,it quoted the "Ruxiao Chapter" of the Xunzi but deleted the part of "following the king of contemporary".All these are not only because of his respect for Mencius but also because of the reasonable request of the tendency of his thoughts.


A new design of an optimized optical system for the reduction of a laser beam size at a certain wavelength is presented. The technique of this design is based upon replacing the elements of a four‐lenses optical system, which is designed for this purpose, by one element made of an axial gradient index material. The optical performance of this new design, which has a power as that of its counterpart, is tested by the evaluation of many merit functions. The graphical comparisons between the corresponding values of both systems merit functions show that the new design has a less amount of geometrical aberrations relative to that of its counterpart.


In this presentation we would like to discuss the present benefit and future potential of satellite gravity observations, as obtained from the satellite mission GRACE and its successor GRACE-Follow-On (GRACE-FO), for studying the atmospheric water cycle. In the first part of the presentation, we will show recent results of using GRACE to constrain atmospheric water budgets. GRACE-derived water storage changes (in combination with observed runoff) can be used to solve for the vertical water flux deficit of precipitation (P) minus evapotranspiration (E), which links the terrestrial and the atmospheric water balance equations. This relates gravity change to moisture flux divergence and water vapor change and thus provides, in principle, a link between GRACE/GRACE-FO and (area-averaged) GNSS integrated water vapor observations that may be exploited in the future. We will show that such an independent estimate of P minus E can be used to constrain land-atmosphere fluxes from monthly time scales to decadal trends and even provides meaningful flux information down to daily time steps.


Drought is one of the major environmental stresses affecting crop productivity worldwide. Climate change is expected to result in a rise in the number and intensity of drought events in the coming decades, so climate-resilient crops that can withstand this stress are in high demand. There are few genotypes in cocoa where it can tolerate water deficit conditions. The objective of the current investigation was to evaluate the effect of drought stress on the photosynthetic and physiological parameters of six cocoa genotypes (Theobroma cacao L.) with two irrigation regimes (100% field capacity and 40% field capacity) under greenhouse conditions at Cocoa Research Station, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur. The effect of water deficit conditions on gas exchange and physiological parameters such as relative water content, membrane stability index, chlorophyll stability index, and chlorophyll content were evaluated. Drought stress conditions resulted in reduced photosynthetic rate, relative water content, chlorophyll content, chlorophyll stability and membrane stability. All genotypes revealed significant differences for most parameters with two irrigation regimes. Among the cocoa genotypes, P.IV 19.9, which is classified as a highly tolerant genotype, recorded better results for all the parameters studied under water deficit conditions at 40 per cent FC. The findings of this study support the classification of these genotypes as highly tolerant, tolerant, and susceptible. These parameters may be used as the most promising indicators to screen for drought tolerance in cocoa. The results of the study revealed that photosynthetic and physiological parameters have a significant role in imparting drought stress tolerance to cocoa. Furthermore, these selected drought-tolerant genotypes can be used in future crop improvement programmes in cocoa.


Recently, deep-sea sediment enriched in rare-earth elements and yttrium (REY) (called REY-rich mud) has been reported from a central part of the Pacific Ocean (Kato et al., 2011). Due to its great potential as a completely new REY resource, the REY-rich mud attracts particular attention from a wide field of scientists and non-scientists. In 2013, we have discovered the deep-sea sediments that are extremely enriched in REY ( ̃6,600 ppm) from the south region of the Minamitorishima within the Japanese exclusive economic zone (EEZ) (Kato et al., 2013; Fujinaga et al., 2013; Suzuki et al., 2013). In 2014, in order to investigate the detailed distribution of REY-rich mud in the EEZ of Minamitorishima, we further conducted research cruises (MR13-E02 Leg. 2 and KR14-02) in the north region of the Minamitorishima. Here, we report the distribution, mineral composition, and geochemical features of the REY-rich mud from the north region of the Minamitorishima EEZ.


Our current study aimed to estimate the relationship between dietary patterns and hyperuricemia among the Chinese elderly over 60 years old. All the data were obtained from China Nutrition and Health Surveillance during 2015–2017. A total of 18,691 participants who completed the whole survey were included in our statistical analysis. The definition of hyperuricemia was 420 μmmol/L (7 mg/dL) for male and 360 μmmol/L (6 mg/dL) for female. Exploratory factor analysis was applied to explore posterior dietary patterns in our samples, and five dietary patterns were recognized, namely "Typical Chinese", "Modern Chinese", "Western", "Animal products and alcohol", and "Tuber and fermented vegetables". After multiple adjusted logistic regression, participants in the highest quartile of "typical Chinese" (Q4 vs. Q1, OR = 0.32, 95% CI: 0.28–0.37, p-trend < 0.0001), "modern Chinese" (Q4 vs. Q1, OR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.71–0.93, p-trend = 0.0021) and "tuber and fermented vegetables" (Q4 vs. Q1, OR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.69–0.88, p-trend < 0.0001) showed a lower risk of hyperuricemia, while animal products and alcohol was positively associated with hyperuricemia (Q4 vs. Q1, OR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.31–1.7, p-trend < 0.0001). We also found that participants who mainly ate a modern Chinese diet tended to meet the RNI/AI of nutrients we discuss in this paper, which may supply some information for hyperuricemia prevention and management by dietary methods.


OBJECTIVE
The task of this working group was to assess the existing knowledge in computer-assisted implant planning and placement, fabrication of reconstructions applying computers compared to traditional fabrication, and assessments of treatment outcomes using novel imaging techniques.

MATERIAL AND METHODS
Three reviews were available for assessing the current literature and provided the basis for the discussions and the consensus report. One review dealt with the use of computers to plan implant therapy and to place implants in partially and fully edentulous patients. A second one focused on novel techniques and methods to assess treatment outcomes and the third compared CAD/CAM-fabricated reconstructions to conventionally fabricated ones.

RESULTS
The consensus statements, the clinical recommendations, and the implications for research, all of them after approval by the plenum of the consensus conference, are described in this article. The three articles by Vercruyssen et al., Patzelt & Kohal, and Benic et al. are presented separately as part of the supplement of this consensus conference.


On the basis of reviewing a large number of literature,the determination of noble metals by using polarography and the research methods of complexing adsorption mechanism was introduced.The successive and simultaneous determination of noble metal under complexing adsorption polarographic wave system was summarized.It is to provide the valuable information for the development of a new measurement system,the research direction and the development prospect.


Abstract : This report was developed under a SBIR contract.This report describes the technical progress made by Barron Associates, Inc. and its partners in runtime assurance (RTA) systems, which hold the promise of protecting advanced systems that cannot be fully certified at design time due to their inherent complexity. A number of technical hurdles remain in the implementation of RTA systems for highly complex safety-critical systems, and the main objective of this effort was to further address these issues. One main focus of this project was to investigate the necessary structure of RTA frameworks for multi-level interacting feedback systems. As such, a challenge problem was constructed for a fleet of unmanned aircraft systems (UASs) performing a surveillance mission. The demonstration platform consisted of RTA systems for the inner-loop control, outer-loop guidance, ownship flight management, and fleet mission planning elements. The framework design and certification requirements for such a system were explored in this program. For the inner-loop, the concept of employing multiple transition controllers in the reversionary control system was studied. For all feedback levels, the required RTA checks were developed and the critical reversionary switching conditions defined. The interactions between the RTA protected systems and certified collision avoidance systems were also investigated. A safety case argument for design-time certification of the RTA protected systems was constructed using subsystem requirements contracts that were developed from a compositional reasoning approach explored over the course of the project.


This article outlines an innovative teaching project based on methodology, evaluation and skills acquisition through the educational use of the historical novel in higher education. A Computer-Assisted Web Interviewing (CAWI) was administered to 119 students. The data obtained allowed the development of a structural equation model using PLS (Partial Least Squares) to evaluate the major relationships between variables. This study expands the framework of analysis by using measurement scales from the perspective of the Advanced Research Model of Innovation Adoption (AMIA). The analysis results in a behavioural model using robust and parsimonious hypotheses supporting the research questions raised, highlighting the appropriate use of extended AMIA models. The use of this genre is an opportunity to learn interesting facts, past situations autonomously and has a great potential of novelty that involves the active participation and learning process of students, breaking down time and space barriers and creating informal learning.


A method for mapping wearer mobility includes identifying common usage patterns and usage positions by the garment wearer, attaching markers used in motion capture photography to the bare skin of a test subject, and recording position and movement data of the test subject while the test subject repeats the common usage patterns and usage positions. The position and movement data are processed to create an opportunity map which identifies stretch and compression areas of the test subject. Markers are attached to a garment worn by a test subject and position and movement data are recorded while the test subject repeats the common usage patterns and usage positions. The data are analyzed to create a problem map which identifies stretch and compression areas of the garment. A mobility map is created based on the opportunity map and problem map that creates a garment design that reduces compression and stretch area.


Introduction. Potential risks of heavy metals releases into the environment from a wide variety of sources pose a threat to the entire biosphere, including humans, since they are considers as a safe ecotoxicants. The problem of complex research the effects of heavy metals influence on the biota of ecosystems and human health, which has certain achievements, and the unification of their migration paths by chains of ecosystems, including trophic ones, has acquired particular urgency. The purpose of the study is to unify the possible ways of heavy metals migration by terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems in order to justify models of forecasting their displacement that can be used to develop measures to prevent and minimize negative environmental impacts. Materials and methods of research. An important complex indicator that can be used to characterize the migration of ecotoxicants, including heavy metals in ecosystems, is the conversion factor. To estimate the migration of these metals by ground and water ecosystems, chamber models method is used in which chains of ecosystems and their links are divided into chambers, the migration of substances between which is determined by the transition coefficients, and the process itself is described by a system of differential equations based on the laws of kinetics of the first order. Results of the research and their discussion. The laws of the migration of toxic substances by chains of ecosystems and their links are paramount importance in ecology. In the grouping of organisms (biocenosis), there are usually several parallel supply chains, between which interconnection is possible, which ensures the integrity and dynamism of the biocenosis. In case of terrestrial ecosystems, in particular agrocenoses, the entry of substances (heavy metals) into plants occurs due to surface adsorption of leaves and stalks, as well as root-system absorption. The biota plays an extremely important role (hydrofauna and hydroflora), when distributing heavy metals in reservoirs. The principle of migration of heavy metals that come from the atmosphere, surface runoff, groundwater, etc. in rivers is both, the number of them, and the physical and chemical properties of these metals and water, the possibility of formation of bottom sediments, etc. Those who got into marine (ocean) ecosystems are airborne relatively evenly distributed among the main components - water and marine biota (plants, animals and microorganisms), and those that got into the river runoff concentrate, first of all, in the places of their drainage on areas of continental felf. Heavy metals migration by ecosystem chains is a rather complicated process, which depends on many factors. These include, in particular, the physical and chemical properties of the substances themselves and of the soil, water, air, etc., the effects of abiotic (temperature, humidity, etc.) and biotic (soil and aquatic microorganisms and other organisms that can accumulate or transform pesticides) factors, the way of substances entering the body , inclusion in metabolism and much more. To evaluate the migration of heavy metals in the ecosystem, the chamber models method can be applied. It is using to describe the migration of substances along the chains of ecosystems and their links, which are divided into cells, and the transition between the cameras is determined by the conversion factor. For chamber models it is assumed that the concentration of matter in each room is uniform, and between them there is a static stable equilibrium, and also there are conversion factors. It is shown that the chamber models is a simple and adequate mathematical way of describing migration processes in ecosystems of varying complexity. It can be used, including for estimation of migration processes of heavy metals in biocenoses. Conclusions. Given the need to reduce the environmental burden on the environment, problem of unification the natural and man-made sources of heavy metals and the study of migration processes of these environmental pollutants in ecosystems is an extremely urgent problem. An algorithm based on the chamber model method based on the determination of the transfer coefficients of these metals between the chamber chains (links) of the ecosystem is offered to predict the migration of heavy metals in ecosystems. The migration situation of heavy metals in each cell using the laws of kinetics of the first order is described system of differential equations. The presented approach, based on the results of experimental (laboratory and field) studies, is possible for an adequate assessment of the hazard of heavy metals and the development of specific measures to reduce their influence on the ecosystem.


The important value of concept design in product design was analyzed.The main methods in concept design were introduced.The important issues in product concept design were discussed from positive and negative sides and with the real case of function-combined product design.


Solar energy has demonstrated promising prospects in satisfying energy requirements, specifically through solar photovoltaic (PV) technology. Despite that, the cost of installation is deemed as the main hurdle to the widespread uptake of solar PV systems due to the use of expensive PV material in the module. At this point, we argue that a reduction in PV cost could be achieved through the usage of concentrator. A solar concentrator is a type of lens that is capable of increasing the collection of sun rays and focusing them onto a lesser PV area. The cost of the solar module could then be reduced on the assumption that the cost of introducing the solar concentrator in the solar module design is much lower than the cost of the removed PV material. Static concentrators, in particular, have great promise due to their ability to be integrated at any place of the building, usually on the building facade, windows and roof, due to their low geometrical concentration. This paper provides a historic context on the development of solar concentrators and showcases the latest technological development in static PV concentrators including non-imaging compound parabolic concentrator, V-trough, luminescent solar concentrator and quantum dot concentrator. We anticipated that the static low concentrating PV (LCPV) system could serve to enhance the penetration of PV technology in the long run to achieve the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 7—to open an avenue to affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy for all by 2030.


THE 1950 contract between General Motors and the UAW-CIO is, in my judgment, the most significant development in collective bargaining since the famous Taylor-Lewis steel pact of 1937. It not only measures the status of collective relations in one of the nation's most strategic labor-management power centers but indicates the probable course of collective bargaining in the mass-production industries for many years to come. Such an important labor treaty obviously deserves the attention of economists and statesmen.


The experimental site was a heavily infested ridge in Frederick Co., Md., before egg hatch in spring. The test materials were applied to individual egg masses until runoff using a 1602 trigger-pump bottle, pressurized aerosol can, or a small paint brush. Some materials were applied to groups of individual egg masses 3 weeks, 2 weeks, and 1 week before hatch. Other materials were tested only once, 2 weeks or 1 week before hatch. Each material-formulation was applied to 20 egg masses. Ten egg masses were brought to the lab where larval hatch and survival were recorded. The remaining 10 were evaluated in the field. Most materials tested resulted in lower survival than the controls. Of the products that were tested on three different dates, the S. C. Johnson products performed significantly better when applied 3 or 2 weeks before hatch than 1 week before hatch. Ficam efficacy was not affected by the time interval between application and hatch. Many of the S. C. Johnson products provided excellent control, as did Ficam at 1 lb/100 gal and 0.5 lb/100 gal. Also among the most efficacious materials were the surfactants Exhault 100, Biofilm, Hydrowet, Triton B-1956, Regulaid, a pine oil (Breath o'Pine), and Neem-seed extract (1:1 in 95% EtOH). Laboratory evaluation allowed accurate 48-h survival counts under artificially controlled temperature and humidity. While field analysis made possible the assessment of product efficacy under realistic natural conditions, only rough estimates of actual mortality could be made. All percentages were transformed to arc sine percentage before analysis.


3D seismic and well log interpretations identify the Plays and Prospects for the Exploration of Cooper Basin in Australia. Two Permian plays are recognized in the study area. Resistivity and GR well logs analysis indicate the hydrocarbon sand interval zones. Our interpretations indicate that the Patchawarra formation with 300 meter thickness is the thickest formation in Gidgealpa group. The net pay of Tirrawarra Formation is about 4-5 meter. Murteree shale is best seal over the reservoir. Patachawarra and Toolachee Formations have a recoverable gas volume of about 116 BCF and Tirrawarra Formation has a recoverable oil volume of about 150 MMSTB.


The species of the Argyrogrammana trochilia (Westwood, (1851)) complex and Argyrogrammana stilbe (Godart, (1824)) complex (groups "Trochiliiformes" and "Stilbeformes" respectively, of Stichel, 1911, 1930) are illustrated (including many type specimens), with notes on taxonomy and distribution. In addition, a new species (A. pastaza n. sp.) is described from the cloud forests of eastern Ecuador, and a revised classification is proposed for the entire genus Argyrogrammana Strand, 1932. The genus Argyrogrammana Strand, 1932, contains a number of species of Neotropical riodinids which are usually rare, often extremely similar in appearance, and occasionally quite variable. All species in the genus possess a thin gold or silver-blue submarginal line, traversing both wings on both dorsal and ventral surfaces, and often kinked basally in the forewing apex. In addition, all species appear to have a black medial stripe across the eyes, which may or may not appear on the frons. This combination of characters is unique among genera in the incertae sedis section (4 forewing radial veins) (sensu Harvey, 1987) of the Riodinidae, in which Argyrogrammana is currently placed. The genus may be roughly divided into three main species complexes on the basis of external morphology. However, there are species intermediate between all these groups, and they are used here for the sake of convenience and are not intended to indicate any necessary monophyletic relationship between included species. The first group, the "amalfreda complex," we discussed in a previous paper (Hall and Willmott, 1995). This paper represents the second and concluding part of a review of Argyrogrammana, in which we critically examine the existing systematic arrangement and reassess the species diversity of the genus. Here we treat the "trochilia complex", characterised by banded females and often blue banded males, and the "stilbe complex," characterised by an orange or yellow dorsal surface mottled with small black spots (groups "Trochiliiformes" and "Stilbeformes" respectively, of Stichel, 1911, 1930), illustrate many type specimens, and give notes on distribution, taxonomy and identification. Among species of the "trochilia complex," we have found that the angle of the blue bands, the pattern of blue along the anal margin, and the shape of the silver submarginal line near the apex on the forewing dorsal surface are reliable characters for species diagnosis. Within the "stilbe complex," the precise pattern of black spots in the forewing ventral surface apex and the shape of the silver submarginal line are both useful characters in identify- ing both males and females. The male genitalia are relatively homogenous, but some interspecific variation may be observed in the shape of the valvae and uncus. The diagnostic characters mentioned in each species account are consistent throughout the known ranges for all the specimens examined by us. As a result of field work in Ecuador, it became apparent that there was a species in the "trochilia complex" from mid-altitude Andean cloud forest sites that was in need of description, and this is also formally described and named below. Finally, we present a new classification for the entire genus Argyrogrammana, incorporating information from our previous paper on the genus (Hall and Willmott, 1995).


B rook t rou t ( Sa l ve l i nus fonti n a l i s)popu l a ti ons have been decl i n i ng i n the sou thern Appa l achi ans and espec i a l l y i n Tenne s see s i nce 1 900. To a ssess the l o s s of range of th i s sou the rn t rou t , vari ous agen c i e s ha ve i n ventori ed most of the maj o r trout streams i n Te nne ssee ove r the past 1 0 yea rs. To date , however , these su rveys have rema i ne d di sj unct and i n some cases overl app i ng. Su rvey reports and fi e l d data of brook trout i nvento r i e s made from 1 974 to 1 984 we re exami ne d to determi ne the cu rrent d i s tri bu t i on i n Ten nessee. Broo k trout cu rren t l y i n habi t 2 75. 6 k i l ome ters i n 1 35 streams found i n e i ght east Tennessee count i es. Brook trou t occ u r a l l opatri c a l l y i n 1 95. 7 k i l omete rs a n d sympa tri c a l l y w i th ra i nbow trout ( S a l mo ga i rdner i) and i n some cases brown trout ( Sa l mo tru tta) i n another 7 9. 9 k i l omete rs. Duri n g the course of the recent s u rveys , 32 p revi ou s l y u ndocumented streams we re found to ha ve broo k tro u t


OBJECTIVE To establish a GC method for simultaneous determination of concentrations of the sodium valproate and topiramate in human serum.METHODS The drugs and the internal standard(cyclohexanecarboxylic acid) were eluted from capillary column of HP-15 (30 m×0.32 mm,0.25 μm).FID detector chromatography condition:column temperature was 200 ℃,injector temperature at 220 ℃ and detector at 240 ℃,respectively.The gas flow rate of N2 was 4 mL·min-1,H2 35 mL·min-1,air 400 mL·min-1.RESULTS Quantitation was achieved by measurement of the peak-area ratio of the drugs to the internal standard.The regression equations of sodium valproate and topiramate were Y=0.037 26C-0.001 013(r=0.999 7) and Y=0.031 66C+0.002 01(r=0.999 4),respectively.Sodium valproate presented a good linear relationship in the range of 10.00-250.00 mg·L-1;topiramate in the range of 10.0-1000.0 mg·L-1.The intra-day RSD (n=5) of 25.0,100.0 and 150.0 mg·L-1 of sodium valproate were 3.8%,4.1% and 3.0%;the inter-day RSD (n=5) 5.1%,4.9% and 4.4%.The intra-day RSD of 100.0,400.0 and 800.0 mg·L-1 of topiramate were 4.1%,3.1% and 3.6%(n=5);the inter-day RSD 5.5%,3.7% and 4.3%(n=5),respectively.The accuracy (n=5) of sodium valproate and topiramate were 96.91% and 97.71% respectively.CONCLUSION This method would be valuable in monitoring serum levels of sodium valproate and topiramate in clinic.


Objective
To observe muscle relaxation effect and safety of mivacurium in hepatocirrhosis patients, and provide a guidance in its clinical application.

Methods
Candidates for elective laparoscopic surgery were divided into a hepatocirrhosis group(group C, n=32) and a non hepatocirrhosis group (group N, n=25). Muscular relaxation monitor was applied with a train of four stimulation(TOF). The intubation dosage was 0.2 mg/kg. Tracheal intubation was performed when train of four stimulation ratio(TOFr, T4∶T1) was 0, and pump infusion of mivacurium was started when muscle relaxation began to recover (TOFr>0) with a velocity of 0.6 mg·kg-1·h-1, which was switched to 0.3 mg·kg-1·h-1 and then stopped in 30 min and 20 min prior to end of suturing in group C and group N respectively. The key parameter included plasma cholinesterase(PchE) activity, histamine concentration, variation of MAP, HR, onset time of mivacurium, acting duration of the first dose, time of TOFr recovery, time from drug withdrawal to extubation, and recovery index.

Results
The PchE activity were(4 304±901) U/L and (6 227±1 289) U/L in two groups (P 0.05). The mean histamine concentrations of all patients were (0.196±0.020), (0.238±0.021), (0.278±0.024) μg/L prior to intravenous injection of mivacurium and in 5 min and 10 min post to injection, there were significant differences between the three times points(P 0.05). The duration of the first dose were(20±4) min and (16±3) min respectively, the recovery of TOFr to 75% were (35±10) min and (24±5) min, time from drug withdrawal to extubation were (35±9) min and (24±7) min, and there were significant differences between the two groups (P<0.05).

Conclusions
The plasma histamine concentration increase slightly without significant influence on MAP and HR, with satisfactory intubation conditions, good muscle relaxation and fast recovery from muscle relaxation when mivacurium was applied in patients with early hepatic cirrhosis. Compared with non hepatic cirrhosis patients, the time of muscle relaxation recovery induced by mivacurium was longer in hepatic cirrhosis patients, but compared with other muscle relaxant, it still had obvious advantages. Because mivacurium didn't directly depend on the liver to metabolize, so it could reduce the burden of liver on drug metabolism. It is recommended to be applied in patients with early hepatic cirrhosis.

Key words:
Cirrhosis of liver; Mivacurium chloride; Histamine; Cholinesterase; Monitoring of muscle relaxation


Abstract In this paper, we examined the characteristics of the sum of independent and non-identical set of binomial ranked set samples, where each set has different order depending success probability. The characterization is done by establishing the general recurrence relations for two different situations based on the number of cycle, which is initially pre-assumed as a constant integer and when it is a random variable. To extend the knowledge about the characteristics of sum in terms of their behaviour and pattern, first four moments i.e., mean, variance, skewness and kurtosis are derive and compared with the sum of binomial simple random samples with same success probability. The proposed procedure has been illustrated through a real-life data on survivorship of children below one year in Empowered Action Groups (EAG) states of India.


Side friction is a towards the flow roadway at an internode road which is able to cause a conflict and has big effect for the activities in roadway. Side frictions which were effected the capacity and pedestrians in city road were pedestrians, transportations which stopped, slow transportations (bicycle, wheelborrow, etc) and transportations which were went in and out from the side internode road. The purpose of this research is to find out the significant effect of side friction toward the road performance. After several stages in collecting the data and data analysis using method (MKJI 1997), it can be concluded that the effect of side friction toward the performance at Yos Sudarso street for the relation between road volume with side friction which has the highest correlation score was transportations which were went in and out at 0,260. Meanwhile, the relation of rapidity transportations with side friction which has the highest correlation score was the transportations which stopped at 0,495. The factor that effected the internode performance at Yos Sudarso was the side friction which has the highest score after the transportations which went in and out started at 17.00 – 18.00pm, so the total was 1.278,90.


Dawn emphasizes the multiplicity of meaning in Besant's works which combine elements from drawing, collage, sculpture and architecture. Biographical notes. Bibl. 1 p.


The elastic-plastic finite element method is adopted to numerical simulate the deformation behavior of highway widening engineering with new fill on old subgrade.It is found that compared with widened subgrade with traditional widening modes,(1)the settlement,the horizontal displacement on road surface and the lateral displacement in foundation soil of subgrade widened with new fill are significantly larger;(2) the settlement distribution on the surface of widened subgrade becomes uniform;(3)the difference in consolidation rate of foundation soil at the center and new shoulder of widened subgrade becomes small.With the increasing thickness of new fill,the location in which the smallest post-construction settlement on the surface of the widened subgrade moves to the new shoulder from the center of old subgrade,resulting in negative slope ratio.


SLAM has increasingly become a hot topic for vehicle applications in underwater environments, searching an accurate and effective method for loop closure detection is one of the key issues for SLAM. The benefit of closed loop is the repeated observation of features, which can update the overall vehicle trajectory and environmental map to get more precise localization and mapping. In this paper we explore a novel multi-restraint method of closed-loop detection based on the time limit, data association and the location deviation. The experimental results of simulation and sea trial verify the validity and feasibility of the proposed method for AUV SLAM in large-scale real world environments.


Dual induction motor single inverter drives reduce installation space, weight and overall cost. On the other hand, complexity of the control increases significantly, since the condition on each electric machine can vary in a wide range. Today, majority of control algorithms uses cascade structures of linear PI controllers. The consequences of parallel connection of induction motors are addressed by prioritizing of individual motors in the control by a weighting coefficient. The proper choice of the weighting coefficient, which is generally state-dependent time-varying value, strongly affects the overall drive performance. In this paper, state of the art control techniques for dual motor drives are summarized. Based on the detailed analysis of the theoretical background, we formulate a control criteria which solve the whole control problem without additional cascades in a single loop by finite control set model predictive control (FCS-MPC). The extensive simulations are used to analyze and validate the designed control criteria


Survival of Escherichia coli K12 suspended in solutions used for enhancing meat products after high-intensity pulsed electric field (PEF) treatments was examined. Solutions were prepared to provide 0.3% salt, 0.3% phosphate and/or 0, 1, 2 or 3% sodium lactate in a finished product enhanced to 110% of initial weight. Therefore, enhancement solutions contained water, 3% NaCl, 3% phosphate and/or 0, 10, 20 or 30% sodium lactate. Samples containing 0.1% NaCl were run as controls. Single PEF strengths used for PEF treatments were 12.5, 7.0, 6.0, 5.0 and 3.5 kV/cm. For 12.5, 7.0 and 6.0 kV/cm, two levels of pulse controller resistance were used, oc and 200 ohm; for 5 and 3.5 kV/cm, only 200 ohm was tested. Above 7 kV/cm, arcing occurred which limited the application of this technology in these solutions. Electrical field strength at 7 kV/cm with a pulse controller resistance of 200 ohm resulted in a reduction of about 2 log cfu/mL when cells were suspended in the enhancement solution containing no lactate. Lower electrical field strengths (≥6 kV/ cm) were generally ineffective.


Fish consumption consists of seawater fish, brackish water fish, and freshwater fish. One of freshwater fish widely consumed by the public, namely catfish. This makes a lot of people that produce catfish to meet demand. the purpose of this research are to find out the business expenses incurred in fish rearing catfish traditional and biofloc techniques, find out the business income earned in fish rearing catfish traditional and biofloc techniques, analyze the feasibility of catfish rearing business seen from the R/C ratio, B/C Ratio, Break Even Point (BEP), and Payback Period (PP), and to find out the strengths and weaknesses of traditional techniques with biofloc efforts on fish rearing catfish. The analysis tools in this research analysis on fee revenue ratio (R/C ratio), the analysis of the ratio of profit over cost (B/C ratio), breakeven point (BEP), and payback period (PP). Quantitative data processused calculators and tools through Microsoft Office Excel 2007. Costs incurred and income earned efforts fish rearing catfish traditional and biofloc techniques is good enough, so it needs to be maintained and to be developed. For rearing catfish farmers who have less capital, preferably using traditional techniques. While those with lot capital, preferably using biofloc techniques.
How to cite this article: Rochaeni S, Daulay H. Cost and Benefit Analysis for Catfish Entrepreneur with Traditional and Biofloc Techniques. J Adv Res Biology 2019; 1(2): 13-18.


The problem discussed in the paper concerns the numerical modeling of thermal processes
proceeding in micro-scale described using the Dual Phase Lag Model (DPLM) in which
the relaxation and thermalization time appear. The cylindrical domain of a thin metal film
subjected to a strong laser pulse beam is considered. The laser action is taken into account by
the introduction of an internal heat source in the energy equation. At the stage of numerical
modeling, the Control Volume Method is used and adapted to resolve the hyperbolic partial
differential equation. In particular, the Alternating Direction Implicit (ADI) method for
DPLM is presented and discussed. The examples of computations are also presented.


Simav geothermal field is located within the Aegean Graben System in western Anatolia. Rock units in the study area are mainly the formation of Menderes Massive. The Simav geothermal waters were grouped into types, namely four; Eynal, Citgol, and Nasa geothermal water and cold water. With this study, it is aimed to introduce a method for classifying waters in the study area using some parameters such as temperature, pH, electrical conductivity and major ions by means of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) method. According to the data obtained from wells drilled for the drinking and irrigation water purposes, ground water flow is toward the desiccated lake. Cold water analysis gave high CO3+HCO3, Ca, Mg ion values, and low NH4, NO3, Fe, NO2, Al and Mn ion values. Hot water analysis gave a cation trend of Na+K>Ca>Mg and an anion trend of HCO3+CO3>SO4>Cl.


Along with the development of network technology,the network environment is profoundly influencing realistic society as one kind of brand-new social being way,and it has caused huge impact on the life style of university students.The network environment enables the social interaction pattern of university students to be greatly different from the real life,which is shown as "the affair orientation".The uncertainty of network society and diffusibility of network information can account for it.Therefore,the research of its influence on the social interaction structure of university students is necessary.has the important meaning to the construction of harmonious campus and growth of university student.


Abstract Purpose A high percentage of people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) experience anxiety, which can negatively impact quality of life. Despite this, anxiety in PwMS remains under researched. This review aims to identify associates with anxiety in PwMS that are amenable to change, with a view to informing the development of interventions in the area. Materials and methods The following databases were searched for studies investigating anxiety in PwMS from 2015 to 2021: PsycINFO, PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science. The search consisted of keywords relating to MS and fear, anxiety or worry. Once screening was completed by two reviewers, a narrative synthesis was used to analyze the data, with the MMAT used for quality appraisal. Results Of the 3117 unique abstracts screened, 39 studies met the criteria for inclusion. Evidence was found linking anxiety in PwMS to several modifiable factors broadly categorized as either psychological, social or lifestyle factors. Perceptions of self and one's ability to cope/adjust to MS emerged as important psychological factors. Physical activity and social support from friends were also linked with improved anxiety outcomes. Conclusions Anxiety in PwMS is linked to a number of modifiable factors. Findings may help inform the development of rehabilitation interventions to decrease anxiety in MS. Implications for rehabilitation This review highlights interventions which have successfully lowered anxiety in people with MS (PwMS); however, there is a clear need for the development of further interventions which target the pathologically specific concerns surrounding anxiety in this population. We show how a number of factors amenable to change associate with anxiety, suggesting that these factors may be appropriate targets for anxiety interventions in PwMS. Enhancing physical activity and self-efficacy are important means in which healthcare professionals can reduce anxiety in MS. Identifying ways of encouraging positive coping and increasing social support are further targets for improving comorbid anxiety in PwMS. Focusing on the modifiable factors highlighted here offers considerable potential for enhancing psychological wellbeing in this group.


Data are presented on deforestation since the J 95 Os, much of it due to illegalcultivation, including lea planting on steep slopes without adequate soilconservationprecautions. The effects of deforestation on the soil and hydrologyare discussed. Proposed remedial measures are centred 011 a participatoryapproach. involving NGOs and extension work.


Background The novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, has increased the burden on healthcare systems already strained by a high incidence of tuberculosis (TB) as co-infection and dual presentation are occurring in syndemic settings. We aimed to understand the interaction between these diseases by profiling COVID-19 gene expression signatures on RNA-sequencing data from TB-infected individuals. Methods We performed a systematic review and patient-level meta-analysis by querying PubMed and pre-print servers to derive eligible COVID-19 gene expression signatures from human whole blood (WB), PBMCs or BALF studies. A WB influenza dataset served as a control respiratory disease signature. Three large TB RNA-seq datasets, comprising multiple cohorts from the UK and Africa and consisting of TB patients across the disease spectrum, were chosen to profile these signatures. Putative COVID-19 risk scores were generated for each sample in the TB datasets using the TBSignatureProfiler package. Risk was stratified by time to TB diagnosis in progressors and contacts of pulmonary and extra-pulmonary TB. An integrative analysis between TB and COVID-19 single-cell RNA-seq data was performed and a population-level meta-analysis was conducted to identify shared gene ontologies between the diseases and their relative enrichment in COVID-19 disease severity states. Results 35 COVID-19 gene signatures from nine eligible studies comprising 98 samples were profiled on TB RNA-seq data from 1181 samples from 853 individuals. 25 signatures had significantly higher COVID-19 risk in active TB (ATB) compared with latent TB infection (p <0.005), 13 of which were validated in two independent datasets. FCN1- and SPP1-expressing macrophages enriched in BALF during severe COVID-19 were identified in circulation during ATB. Shared perturbed ontologies included antigen presentation, epigenetic regulation, platelet activation, and ROS/RNS production were enriched with increasing COVID-19 severity. Finally, we demonstrate that the overlapping transcriptional responses may complicate development of blood-based diagnostic signatures of co-infection. Interpretation Our results identify shared dysregulation of immune responses in COVID-19 and TB as a dual risk posed by co-infection to COVID-19 severity and TB disease progression. These individuals should be followed up for TB in the months subsequent to SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis.


Seismic data from the Atlantic Coastal Plain are reprocessed and composite refraction-reflection stack sections produced to investigate basement faults that penetrate upward into Atlantic Coastal Plain sediments in South Carolina. Reprocessing recovered reflections from within the deep crust to the Moho as well as from within thin veneer (300) of the Atlantic Coastal Plain sediments. One of the major objectives of this paper is to discuss the use of shallow refracted arrivals to construct a composite refraction- reflection stack that allows better imaging of the subsurface at shallow depths.


With 30 years' reform and opening up, Chinese enterprises gradually grow up, but compared with the developed countries, the competitiveness of Chinese enterprises are still very weak. In face of the global financial crisis, Chinese enterprises can survive and develop or not in adversity, the key depends on its competitive strength. Therefore, building the "three forces" which are learning ability, creativity and execution is the key to enhance the competitiveness of Chinese enterprises. Meanwhile, enterprises should take good culture to adhere the "three forces", effectively enhance the competitiveness of enterprises to win the initiative and leading competitive advantage in long-term development.


Aberrant expression of CD23 (low affinity IgE receptor) on cells of the monocyte/macrophage series in peripheral blood and lesional skin of patients with atopic eczema has been demonstrated. It is not known whether this abnormality results from a fundamental systemic problem of the monocytes of these patients or reflects local changes to cell populations within the skin tissues.


Streptokinase (SK) arterial infusion has become an increasingly used method in the therapy of peripheral arterial occlusive disease. Dosage regimens and durations of therapy are extremely variable. The degree of alteration in the coagulation system has not been adequately addressed. Such alterations might have profound significance regarding patient selection, nature of contraindica tions and degree of toxicity. We have systematically studied the effects of very low doses of SK given intra-arterially in peripheral arterial occlusive disease states. Our detailed studies demonstrate a profound systemic effect on the clot ting mechanism and function in such patients with marked lowering of fibrino gen, depletion of plasminogen and overall hypocoagulability. The effects of these findings on the clinical aspects of this therapeutic technique are discussed.


We consider (d,p) and (d,n) reactions on light nuclei at low energies. A simple estimate using the second-order distorted-wave Born approximation shows that Coulomb-induced predissociation of the deuteron influences the relative rate by less than 10%. This disagrees with a previous explanation of experiments involving 6Li targets and invalidates speculations about such effects in "cold fusion" experiments.


Hypertrophic scar (HS), a fibroproliferative disorder of the skin with some tumor‐like properties, is closely related to dysregulated inflammation. PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitor is a promising medication for cancer therapy as its potent functions on adaptive immune response; whether it could be a candidate for HS therapy has aroused our interest. This study aimed to explore the effect and the mechanism of BMS‐202, a PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitor, in HS.


The different properties of aluminum foil for high voltage electrolytic capacitor were discussed and analyzesd by means of XRD,SIMS,SEM and electrochemical corrosion process.The results show that domestic foil has reached the foreign advanced level in trace elements design,impurity control and volume fraction of cube texture(95%),but it lags behind in processing quality,surface state and trace elements distribution control of aluminum foil.It points out the future improvement of technology with aluminum foil for the domestic high voltage electrolytic capacitor.