This paper presents the dynamic modeling of split-shaft microturbine generator (MTG) system. The studied model is consists of two proportional-integral-differential (PID) controllers, one is used as speed-controller while the other is as load-following controller. The gains of both the controllers have been optimized using a metaheuristic optimization algorithm named teaching learning based optimization (TLBO) for steady-state active power generation at nominal frequency. The parameters of both the controllers of the studied MTG system have been also optimized for both standalone and grid-connected modes of operations. The performance of the MTG system has been studied and analyzed for variable load demand conditions under standalone as well as grid-connected modes of operations. The study proves the capability of the split-shaft MTG system to generate electrical power at a nominal frequency under both the considered mode of operations.


The additive manufacturing of aluminium alloys has gained great interest in the transport industry in the past 10 years. This is mainly due to the lightweight and good strength that these alloys offer especially for applications in aerospace and other related industries. However, there is a drawback in using these alloys especially the parts produced by additive manufacturing as they have to be heat treated before application to relieve residual stresses caused by the fast heating and cooling experienced during powder bed fusion (PBF) fabrication. Most of the current PBF metal system offer a variety of processing parameters for part building, however AM uptake and industrial implementation is still slow due to restrictions of the laser power and laser interaction time that are slow and thus the parts take long to produce. Seeing this lag in the market, the CSIR has produced a high speed and high power PBF machine with a build platform larger than the currently available commercial systems. This system allows for the faster production of parts due to its higher consolidation rate and it has already been validated for aluminium alloys, specifically AlSi10Mg. The properties evaluated were microstructure and hardness, which found to be comparable to commercial PBF machines. The samples were analysed for microstructure, mechanical properties using tensile testing procedure. In order to determine that ideal processing window, the response surface methods was used on the Stat-Ease Design Expert software using ultimate tensile strength, elongation and hardness as outputs. Based on the data analysed, the processing window was narrowed to 1400 W laser power and 1.63 – 1.95 s interaction time.


In this work, we present a concatenated repetition-polar coding scheme that is aimed at applications requiring highly unbalanced unequal bit-error protection, such as the Beam Interlock System of the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. Even though this concatenation scheme is simple, it reveals significant challenges that may be encountered when designing a concatenated scheme that uses a polar code as an inner code, such as error correlation and unusual decision log-likelihood ratio distributions. We explain and analyze these challenges and we propose two ways to overcome them.


Afghanistan as an underdeveloped country needs to follow the experiences of other developing countries which are successful in achieving economic development and poverty reduction through private sector promotion. Private sector development may take many different forms, but the results may be quite different in terms of equitable development and social inclusiveness. One of the most efficient ways of private sector development is the promotion of SMEs instead of large firms. Turkey as a historical and currently a large economy has valuable experiences in industrial sector especially on SME development. SMEs play a significant role in economic growth and poverty reduction of Turkey. All manufacturing SMEs of Turkey operate in 280 organized industrial zones (OIZs), which are located in different parts of the country. One of the unique SME development methods of Turkey is called OSTIM SME development model. Since the OSTIM model has been recognized as a pattern of capital formation for poverty reduction by many economists. currently, a number of developing countries are interested to use the experiences of OSTIM for private SME sector development in their economies.I also through this research found a critical compatibility between the objectives of Afghanistan's (2015-2020) SME development strategy and the OSTIM SME development model. Therefore, I strongly proposethe implementation of the OSTIM SME development model for Afghanistan private SME sector developmentunder the name of New Zabulian doctrine.


Based on a three-cascaded all-fiber master oscillator power-amplifier configuration, a 1950 nm high-brightness narrow-linewidth linearly-polarized single-frequency fiber laser with an output power of 316 W and a laser linewidth of 8.4 kHz is demonstrated experimentally. With the employment of a square-coiling fiber scheme with round corners and a 20/300 μm-core/cladding polarization-maintaining Tm3+-doped double-cladding fiber, the bending loss of LP11 mode is improved, thus leading the good beam quality, Mx 2 = 1.19 and My 2 = 1.17, herein. Additionally, a polarization-extinction ratio of 17.1 dB and an optical signal-to-noise ratio of >63 dB separately confirm good maintenance of linear polarization and adequate suppression of amplified spontaneous emission in the power amplification.


C. Thomassen proposed a conjecture: Let G be a k‐connected graph with the stability number α ≥ k, then G has a cycle C containing k independent vertices and all their neighbors. In this paper, we will obtain the following result: Let G be a k‐connected graph with stability number α = k + 3 and C any longest cycle of G, then C contains k independent vertices and all their neighbors. This solves Thomassen's conjecture for the case α = k + 3. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Graph Theory 37: 168–180, 2001


In 110 patients with mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis the treatment (n = 48) with chlorambucil, warfarin, dipyridamol and prednisone (CAA) and the treatment with imuran and prednisone (CP, n = 23) are compared with the conditions of an untreated control group. The CAA-therapy is above all suited for active clinical pictures without sclerosis with short duration of the disease, even when the renal function is already restricted. The CP-therapy is suitable in non-active forms with sclerosis also in a longer duration of the disease.


A group of new chiral dications with a fixed, specific configuration at the stereogenic nitrogen center was created. Stereoselective synthesis and recrystallization give the diastereomerically and enantiomerically pure dications, including a chiral amphiphile with surface-active properties.


Abstract: The conservation of pedunculate oak (Quercus robur) stands in the territory of Parco Lombardo Valle del Ticino (province of Milano and Pavia): main results and management proposals after three years of testing.. In the territory of "Parco Lombardo della Valle del Ticino" an experiment, aimed to assess the silviculture pattern suitable for the conservation of stands dominated by peduncolate oak, was set up in 2008. Four experimental areas were located, both in "meso-hygrophilous" and "mesophilous" sites, respectively corresponding to: (a): less intense seed felling; (b): more intense seed felling (both of them aimed to promote the natural regeneration); (c): opening of gap (800 m2) followed by artificial regeneration (both protected and non-protected by shelters); (d): control. Three years after the set up of the experiment, the main results may be summarized as follows: (i): both the seed fellings (the more and the less intense felling) produced a process of natural regeneration, at present insufficient to ensure the continuity of the forest canopy cover; (ii): the branchwood released after utilization produced a positive effect on settlement and growth of peduncolate oak seedlings, attributable to the protection both from the roe deer browsing and wild boar acorn consumption; (iii): ventilated shelters (Tubex Ventex®) produced a positive effect on planting stock, both in terms of survival and growth; (iv): monitoring over time, especially as regards the analysis of the effects of different types of treatment on the processes of regeneration, can provide indications management extensible in similar populations in the territory of the Parco Lombardo Valle del Ticino.


The electronic structures of copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) and fluorinated CuPc, FxCuPc (x = 4, 8, 12, and 16), have been investigated by density functional theory. The HOMO and LUMO energies systematically decrease with an increase in the number of fluorine atoms. The degree of the decrease depends on the position of the substitution of hydrogen with fluorine. The HOMO (LUMO) energies vary in the range of −5.33 to −6.82 eV (−3.12 to −4.65 eV). The UV–visible absorption spectra and photoelectron ionization energies of the deposited FxCuPc (x = 0, 8, and 16) thin films are compared with the calculation results. The calculated bandgap energies and HOMO levels are consistent with those obtained from the experimental results.


A sample collection device according to an embodiment of the present invention collects, in a collection vessel, a sample contained in a movable phase including a supercritical fluid or liquefied gas. This sample collection device according to an embodiment of the present invention is equipped with: a pressure vessel in which a discharge port for the movable phase and the collection vessel are accommodated, and which is kept at a pressure not lower than the pressure at which the supercritical fluid or liquefied gas liquefies; and a pressure control valve for adjusting the pressure inside the pressure vessel.


In a 1995 report entitled Measuring Poverty: A New Approach (Citro and Michael, 1995), the Panel on Poverty and Family Assistance appointed by the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) recommended changes to both the thresholds and the measurement of resources in the nation's official measure of poverty.


Interstitial, cartilage, and bone collagens have been proposed as biomarkers of joint deterioration in hemophilic arthropathy. The role of basement membrane (type IV and VIII) collagens as biomarkers of endothelial turnover in relation to acute joint bleeding is not understood.


In this paper, we show that a compact affine manifold endowed with an Affine Anosov transformation is finitely covered by a complete affine nilmanifold.


In this thesis, a model system of quantum optics is experimentally studied - a single atom coupled to a high-finesse optical cavity. Upon excitation with laser pulses, the atom-cavity system undergoes vacuum Rabi oscillations between the atom and the cavity field. This is accompanied by the controlled emission of single photons. The optical resonator also enables efficient state detection of single neutral atoms. We introduce a method based on cavity-enhanced fluorescence and achieve a fidelity of 99.4 % for the detection of the atomic hyperfine state within 85 µs. Further, this thesis presents experiments on electromagnetically induced transparency with a single atom and on phase shaping of single photon wave packets. The atom-cavity system has promising applications in quantum information science.


1. Piezoelectric Transducers for Bulk Waves.- 2. Interdigital-Electrode Transducers for Surface Waves.- 3. Elastic Waves and Light Waves.- 4. Signal Processing Components.- 5. Sensors and Instrumentation.- A. Spatial Distribution of Electrical Quantities.- A.1 Simple Transducer.- A.2 Single-Element Charge Distribution.- A.3 General Case. Charge Density. Current Intensity.- B. Coupled Mode Theory.- B.1 Formulation. Coupled Mode Equations.- B.2 Solution.- B.2.1 Propagation in the Same Direction.- B.2.2 Propagation in Opposite Directions.- C. Legendre Functions and Polynomials.- D. Scattering Matrix and Mixed Matrix.- D.1 Quadripole. Scattering Matrix.- D.2 Hexapole. Mixed Matrix. Directionality.- E. Matrix Representation of a Dioptrie System.- F. Linear Systems of Differential Equations.- G. Stationary Phase Method.- References.


This thesis presents a theoretical study on optical properties of molecular materials. Special emphasis has been put on the influence of solvent environment, nuclear vibrations, and aggregation eff ...


In this issue, Krishnan and colleagues show that blood levels of lead considered to be within the acceptable range by U.S. standards are independently associated with gout. The editorialist discuss...


Adenine nucleosides and nucleotides have multiple effects as extracellular mediators in every organ system (1) and initiate or modulate cellular responses via cell surface receptors. Current evidence indicates the existence of four receptors for adenosine: A 1 , A 2A , A 2B , and A 3 (2). These G protein–coupled receptors transduce activation or inhibition of adenylate cyclase and phospholipase C. Reasonably selective antagonists are available for some adenosine receptor subtypes. The receptors for adenine nucleotides, such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP), now encompass seven distinct P2X class receptors (P2X 1 through P2X 7 ) (3) and ten P2Y subfamily receptors: P2Y 1 through P2Y 11 (the former P2Y 7 -receptor is no longer included as a subtype) (4). Five of these receptors are mammalian. Despite its structure, uridine triphosphate (UTP) is a potent ligand at several P2Y-receptors. Responses to P2X-receptor stimulation result from activation of nonselective cation channels in the cell membrane. P2Y-receptor activation stimulates signaling mediated via phospholipase C. There is a paucity of specific antagonists for P2Xand P2Y-receptors, and their characteristics have been defined through the use of relative agonist potencies. Additional information about the molecular characteristics of these receptors, their pharmacologic properties, and associated signaling pathways can be found in several recent compendia and reviews (1, 5–8). Nucleosides and nucleotides have several important actions in the lung (9), among which are contractile and relaxant effects on airway smooth muscle, stimulation of mucus and surfactant secretion, and stimulation of ciliarybeating activity. Nucleosides and nucleotides activate or modulate a number of inflammatory cells that are involved in lung disease, including mast cells, neutrophils, macrophages, and eosinophils (1, 10, 11). Two particular aspects of nucleosides and nucleotides have direct applicability to lung disease and its treatment. First, ATP and UTP stimulate with comparable affinity epithelial alternative Cl 2 channels both in normal epithelium and in epithelium from cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, who lack a normally functioning CF-transmembrane conductance regulator Cl 2


Reaction of (OC-6-13)-bis(2Z-3-carboxyacrylato)dichlorido(ethane-1,2-diamine)platinum(IV) and (OC-6-13)-diamminebis(2Z-3-carboxyacrylato)dichloridoplatinum(IV) with propylamine in the presence of 1,1'-carbonyl diimidazole afforded not the expected amides; instead, beside amide formation, a twofold intramolecular attack of the am(m)ine ligand at the C[double bond, length as m-dash]C bonds was observed involving either both (ethane-1,2-diamine) or only one (ammine) coordinated nitrogen atom(s).


levels,use of inexpensive and non-hazardous biosorbents,useof existing adsorption process equipment and therefore low operating costs,high uptake ca-pacity and specificity for selective heavy metal removals,and low interference from other


We prove that Burenkov's extension operator preserves Sobolev spaces built on general Morrey spaces, including classical Morrey spaces. The analysis concerns bounded and unbounded open sets with Lipschitz boundaries in the n‐dimensional Euclidean space.


(8R) and (8S)-Hydroxy-6-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrodibenz[c,e]azocines (R- and S-1) were synthesized by oxidative kinetic resolution of N-(2-iodobenzyl)-β-(2-iodophenyl)ethanolamine (8), followed by cyclization of the optically active acetates (R- and S-6) of R- and S-8 with zero-valent nickel to (8R)- and (8S)-acetoxyazocines (R- and S-7), and by hydrolysis of the acetates (R- and S-7).


If the challenge we face today is the global market, our task is to once again place earth and humanity at the center of an equilibrium built on the basis of respect and with more attention to differences. Concepts such as Smart City, Green or Urban Regeneration have become merely slogans that give name to the actual needs our cities face which increasingly generate centers of gathering and concentrations of people, energy, innovation. The best design made in Italy was created by postwar architects who brought forward a new point of view that considered the detail as the starting point for design from which the whole follows. The term design was invented only later. One of the first choices a student has is knowing how to identify and recognize their own "master" and to be able to firmly make this decision.


Introduction: Brucella endocarditis, although an uncommon complication of brucellosis, is the main cause of the mortality related to this disease. The best therapy is a combination of antibiotic administration with valve replacement. After treatment of the first episode of endocarditis, new infection may be occurred as a relapse or reinfection. Case Presentation: In this report, we described a patient with brucella endocarditis complicated with a reinfection of the mechanical prosthetic valve after one year of follow-up. Conclusions: Both medical and surgical management should be done for better treatment of brucella endocarditis. Repeat infection is a problem during follow-up.


In this paper, we presents two watermarking schemes namely: Scheme I present an hybrid of discrete cosine transform (DCT) and discrete wavelet transform (DWT) watermarking technique while Scheme II presents a genetic programming (GP) based technique. Both of these schemes were experimented with 512x512 and 256x256 medical images and other standard images such as Lena, Barbara, Baboon, Flower, Brain etc. against state-of-the-art watermarking techniques. According to our results, shows better performance of the two main criteria use to check for any watermarking techniques (Imperceptivity and Robustness). The experimental results reveals that for imperceptivity, peak-signal-to-noise-ratio (PSNR) and structural similarity index (SSIM) shows better performance when compared against Arsalan's and Hurrah's approaches. Similarly, for robustness the parameters used are normalized correlation (NCC) and bit error rate (BER). According to results obtained, both schemes' parameters show high performance except for Scheme I BER with 0.0038. Finally, in terms of fragility both schemes provided better resistance to any signal processing attacks.


Since the return to democracy in 1999, security has been a major issue in Nigeria in view of the continued ethno-religious conflicts, insurgency & terrorism, banditry, kidnappings, pipe-line vandalization and oil bunkering, sea piracy, and militancy that have continued to occur in the country. The detrimental effects of these national security challenges, has forced government and academics to direct their attention towards finding feasible solutions to Nigeria's security conundrum. A close examination of existing academic works on National security challenges in the country reveals that very little attention has been paid to the understanding of the role of intelligence as a panacea or as a catalyst that has exacerbated insecurity in the country. In light of this, this paper examines the marriage between intelligence and national security. Focusing also, on the symbiotic relationship between the two and how they both work to reinforce or undermine each other. Methodologically, the paper adopted descriptive and analytic approach. Data for the paper was sourced through the secondary means of data collection. The study reveals that in Nigeria's quest to establish sound intelligence and national security policies, it has not been able to fully take cognizance of its micro security, macro security and strategic security, and address adequately, the concerns therein. It also found out that, failure to gather intelligence comprehensively by the Nigerian intelligence services (using the full complements of their intelligence gathering paraphernalia) and also, failure to act in a timely fashion, to received intelligence, has sometimes been the reason why some violent altercations in the country have endured. Based on this, the paper recommends among others that for intelligence to be successful in reducing insecurity in Nigeria, the intelligence related services in the country, need to synergize their efforts in the promotion of Nigeria's national security strategy. Hopefully, this research study could assist various stakeholders in policy making when it comes to the application of intelligence in dealing with national security threats.


The Presidency of the Prehistoric Society to which you have done me the great honour of calling me, differs from that of some other societies in that, though the period of office is four years the President is only required to deliver one Address. No doubt we owe this mercy to the fact that our customs have taken shape during an age, which it would be tempting providence to call more humane, but which is at any rate less tolerant of some forms of avoidable boredom than some previous ones. Yet even in these less rigorous times I suppose we should feel uneasy if we allowed our Presidents, or ourselves, to escape scot free: one year in four we must undergo the rite and trust that in some obscure way it will help us to avoid the evil eye and ensure at the cost of an hour's suffering a further spell of prosperity and well-being for the Society.


Abstract : This report summarizes the activities associated with an Arctic Craft Demonstration resulting from Broad Agency Announcement HSCG32-12-R-R00010. This BAA invited industry to demonstrate their craft s unique capabilities that facilitate operations in a harsh Arctic environment. The demonstration took place August 2012 in Barrow, Alaska. This report also summarizes observations and evaluations of Arctic craft operations in the Prudhoe Bay area.


We review the clinical manifestations, laboratory evaluation, and therapy in patients with antibody deficiency with normal or near normal serum immunoglobulin levels, selective antibody deficiency, and immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclass deficiency. (Pediatr Asthma Allergy Immunol 2006; 19[1]:51–62.)


In this chapter three major concepts relating animal population dynamics to landscape change mediated by animal mobility are outlined: meta-population/community dynamics (affecting many habitat specialists), spillover (affecting e.g. ground-living predators), and landscape complementation (affecting e.g. central-place foragers). It is shown that all three concepts contribute to current understanding of animal population dynamics in production landscapes, and that animals differ fundamentally in the extent to which the concepts are applicable. Therefore, it is argued that general recipes such as 'reduce fragmentation', 'increase connectivity', or 'increase ecological heterogeneity' may not provide a universal solution for conserving animals in contemporary agricultural landscapes. In addition, although animal movement studies have contributed to the understanding of biodiversity conservation in farmland, current knowledge about animal mobility is still limited. Thus research based on emerging methods such as landscape genetics or novel methods of tracking small animals is essential for increasing basic understanding of animal mobility. (Less)


Various types of pick-up lenses and optical systems for pick-ups are discussed. We evaluated optical performances of objective lenses. Aspherical lenses for CD player pick-ups have wider field angle compared to the conventional triplet objective lens. We also evaluated reliability of both plastic and glass molded lenses which are designed in the same way. Plastic lens caused spherical aberration due to temperature change. Optical pick-ups for CD players are remarkably simplified by means of aspherical lens or holographic element. On the other hand, pick-ups for write once or erasable optical disk system consist of many optical components. For these pick-ups, we developed a single bi-aspheric molded glass lens which has high NA (0.55) and remarkable light weight (85mg).


This paper presents a Lyapunov-based positioning controller for a macro-micro manipulator suppressing the bending and torsional vibrations of the macro arm. On the basis of the distributed parameter model, the output feedback controller is constructed using the Lyapunov method. The asymptotic stability in the neighborhood of the desired states of the closed-loop system is proven. The proposed controller consists of the PD feedback of the motor angles and a feedback of the torsional strain at the tip of the macro arm. Some simulations are performed to show the effectiveness of the proposed controller.


Dynamic scripting is an online learning technique in a game that serves to create a balanced game. But dynamic scripting is not without any issues. A method to optimize dynamic scripting is needed in order to create a balanced game in accordance with the skill of player. The best dynamic scripting method based on previous research on multiplayer game is top culling. Therefore, we will examine whether the top culling method works well in a single game. The first step we did was to examine the single player arcade game. In this study, the observed game is a single player game from the arcade genre. This genre is already quite popular in society. By applying the top culling method to enemies in arcade game, the quality of a commercial game can be achieved. From the results obtained in this research, it can be concluded that the enemy can select rules that have been provided dynamically in accordance to the player skill, so as to create a balanced game, which is neither too difficult nor too easy. We will further compare top culling method with others method like high penalizing and weight clipping on single player arcade games.


ABSTRACT The present study examines age effects on map processing in light of the concurrent trends of population aging and pervasive use of in-vehicle digital maps. 14 older adults and 14 college students participated in a simulation experiment where two levels of map orientation (north-up vs. track-up) and three levels of map hierarchy (procedural vs. concise vs. complete) were manipulated. The results indicated that older adults were less accurate at route identification and searched greater distances to recover from a navigation error. Older adults were particularly vulnerable to mental rotation, which was evidenced by their deficit to match the younger counterparts even when the map was displayed with track-up orientation. Nevertheless, older adults were able to achieve comparable performance in recovery from navigation errors if a complete map was provided. Detailed implications for the design of an in-vehicle digital map that accommodates age differences are discussed.


The invention belongs to the technical field of methanation catalytic agents, in particular to the methanation catalytic agent in a process that coal serves as a raw material to synthesize natural gas and a preparation method of the catalytic agent. The coal-derived natural gas catalytic agent comprises a carrier, an active component and an assistant, and the coal-derived natural gas catalytic agent is characterized in that the alumina serves as the carrier, nickel is the main active component, and manganese oxide and lanthanum oxide serve as the assistant. Percentage by weight of the main components is that NiO is 20%-40%, La2O3 is 10%-20%, the MnO is 10%-17%, Al2O3 is 30%-43%, and graphite is 3%-10%. The preparation method of the coal-derived natural gas catalytic agent comprises conducting precipitin reaction to prepare catalytic agent semi-finished products, drying, burning and conducting compression molding. The catalytic agent has the advantages of being high in strength, good in activity, good in heat stability and good in carbon resistance, having high temperature resistance, simultaneously having excellent performance such as conversion and being simple in method and low in cost.


It is well known that the lattice of subspaces of a vector space over a field is modular. We investigate under which conditions this lattice is orthocomplemented with respect to the orthogonality operation. Using this operation, we define closed subspaces of a vector space and study the lattice of these subspaces. In particular, we investigate when this lattice is modular or orthocomplemented. Finally, we introduce splitting subspaces as special closed subspaces and we prove that the poset of splitting subspaces and the poset of projections are isomorphic orthomodular posets. The vector spaces under consideration are of arbitrary dimension and over arbitrary fields.


The effect of hypothyroidism on the specific dynamic action of carbohydrate and of protein in man and in animals has been previously studied by investigators. The results of


Simualts test proved that multicelluar configurations wastewater stabilization ponds
might reduce the concentration water algal, Thereby improving the water sanitary
condition and diaphaneity. The more resarch indicated that the water guarantee
quotiety of 4 tanks (algal consistence 100mg/l)can reach 75% ,3 times to the single
tank's


This study explores students' experiences of authentic learning in mathematics. Of interest is the relationship among curricular explorations, classroom conversations, and students' ways of being with mathematics. As we problematized the notion of authentic learning, we came to explore Heidegger's notion of authenticity and its relationship with an open, dynamic curriculum. Heuristic inquiry as a methodological approach informed our exploration of students' authentic mathematics learning experiences as their being-with-others-in-the-world mathematically.


To the Editor:— That no mention of agranulocytic angina or granulocytopenia was made by Farrell and McNichols in their article on the efficacy of various medicaments in the treatment of Vincent's stomatitis (The Journal, February 20) is a surprising omission. Attention should be called to the necessity for a leukocyte and a differential count in any case of severe stomatitis, no matter what organisms are found in the mouth. Certainly the blood smear should be examined before using neoarsphenamine or strong local applications advised elsewhere. In the article referred to, three cases of noma are reported without mention of the leukocyte count, although a benzene nucleus was given therapeutically in cases 1 and 2. A patient with Vincent's stomatitis with granulocytopenia under my care received poor treatment and I feel that this point should be drawn to the attention of your readers to save others from similar error. No practitioner


A description is given of the radiological changes of bone seen in West African negroes suffering from tropical ulcer of the lower part of the leg. These commence as a local periostitis, which may develop into extensive osteomyelitis, and some of the differences between these changes and those of syphilis and yaws occurring in the same country are described. A possible etiology of the bone changes is discussed.


Starting from a careful reading of family-related essays,the author finds that even the excellent ones have fallen into a stereotype in expressive perspective,emotional outlet,and writing techniques,which should be guarded against in literary development.Innovation is always valued in writing.Therefore,a writer should adopt unique perspectives,personalized emotions,and novel writing techniques.


who?, whom?) and 'How?' questions could be answered more precisely. However, this added value did not change the diagnoses of the underlying itchy conditions. The patients' verbal feedback on the possibility to illustrate their itch perception was excellent. Some of them even expressed a great relief after having made the drawing. In addition, the drawings provided an opportunity to discuss and realign treatment strategies with patients. These results indicate that patients' drawings can be a useful tool to non-verbally assess qualitative dimensions of itch in an easy and inexpensive manner: In our setting, the drawings revealed particularly common (peculiar) pathophysiological concepts, itchrelated emotions and coping strategies not captured during history taking in clinical routine. For example, suffering from visual stigmatization, the severity of emotional distress, suicidal ideation, the use of scratching aids or alloknesis by clothes became only obvious thanks to the drawings. This allowed exploration of these issues with the participants and referral to our colleagues of the departments of psychiatry and/or psychosomatics if indicated. However, future studies should include standardized psychometric questionnaires to evaluate whether or not specific content is indicative of patients being at increased risk for severe stress, anxiety or depression. Likewise, standardized discussion of the drawing with the patient and inclusion of itch assessment tools could help to better interpret the drawings in connection with itch. The colour choice (red to depict itch, blue or green to represent antipruritic content) is very well in line with previous studies on the relation of colours and itch and might be of relevance for the use of antipruritic immersive virtual reality. Interestingly, Ring et al. reported that drawings from children suffering from atopic dermatitis lacked the carelessness present in drawings of a control group of non-atopic children and depicted more often 'dangerous' or 'ugly' content. Moreover, these drawings also helped to visualize the disease-related functional role (e.g. the mother was drawn larger in size than the father) and dynamics within the patient's family. Our findings additionally support the assumption that relevant information can be revealed in patient s' drawings. Our patients' drawings provided also an ideal opportunity to adapt treatment strategies (e.g. initiation of sedative antihistamines to improve nocturnal itch and sleep) and to focus on specific goals (e.g. psychosomatic group treatment for patients suffering from loneliness). Thus, the drawings might also serve to define 'image-based' intervention strategies as previously been suggested in non-dermatology specialties. Further studies, however, should examine possible cross-cultural differences of patients' drawings as well as the diagnostic value when drawings are repeated over time.


The Authorship of the Romaunt of the Rose, subject of ardent controversy for nearly a century, can at last be established beyond any significant measure of doubt, for there is a new and highly reliable kind of evidence to show that at least two men were responsible for the existing partial translation of the famed Roman de la rose into Middle English. More than 200 MSS of the original French poem, composed by Guillaume de Lorris and Jean de Meun in the thirteenth century, have been catalogued by the late Ernest Langlois. The French scholar divided these MSS into three main groups, I, II, and III, and into subgroups or families marked by capital letters; while individual MSS he designated by the family letter plus a lower-case letter, Ab, He, Ha, and so on. In consequence of Langlois' great work, scholars have been enabled to compare the ME Romaunt with the variant readings of the MSS of its French original, and as will be demonstrated below, such comparison throws revealing light upon the facts of the Romaunt's composition.


Projected increases in new vehicle types, new missions, and the continual growth in traditional (e.g., airlines, general aviation) aviation will require changes to the current air traffic system, particularly to accommodate the desire of operators to be more involved in air traffic decisions. To address these challenges, the National Airspace System needs to undergo a transformation to a more scalable, flexible, user-focused system that addresses safety and security requirements and resiliency for current and new users. A system designed to integrate modular software services, provided by users, third parties and government for air traffic management functions, will be scalable and more easily allow modernization and for collaboration between users and service providers. ATM-X is responding to NASA's pivot towards integrating projected new, diverse entrants into the NAS, while also leveraging NASA's prior ATM achievements that continue to improve traditional airspace operations. This project is a two-phased approach to conduct research and focused evaluations to assess the feasibility of a service-based approach and to identify critical design considerations to enable airspace access for new entrants, integrated with current traditional operations. Phase 1 research will be conducted to determine what is needed to reach the ATM-X goals based on specific use-cases to enable largescale, passenger-carrying Urban Air Mobility operations in a metroplex environment, and also to improve traditional operations in the Northeast Region leveraging mature NASA technologies. Some of these evaluations will be conducted in simulations and field activities. Phase 2 will build upon Phase 1 towards more defined, focused research and field demonstrations in real-world environments to integrate multiple elements of a scalable, service-based ATM-X concept.


Introduction: Coexistence of horseshoe kidney and ureterocele abnormalities in one patient is a complex and rare condition. The role of heredity in this disease has not yet been proven. Moreover, its diagnosis requires various paraclinical methods. Case Presentation: A middle-aged male was known to have horseshoe kidney, bilateral ureteroceles and a stone, 1 cm in diameter, in his right ureter. He also had severe hydronephrosis in his left kidney, whereas mild hydronephrosis was detected in his right kidney. Unlike other similar cases, we performed a transverse incision on the ureterocele with no surgery on the horseshoe kidney. Similar cases to date have been treated with partial nephrectomy. Urinary complications and flank pain did not occur during the one-year follow up. Conclusions: Precise evaluation of patients with one renal abnormality could lead to detection of other associated anomalies. Application of minimally invasive procedures such as ureteroscopic incision is highly recommended in ureterocele treatment.


In this paper KH 560 silane film was prepared, which can replace the traditional pretreatment of phosphate or chromate. The influencing factors of preparation technology for KH 560 silane films were studied, including the components, structures, adhesive strength of film, and the hydrolysis degree of KH 560 coupling agent. The components and structures of KH 560 silane film were analyzed by the reflection-absorption infrared spectroscope, the hydrolysis degree of KH 560 coupling agent was measured by the conductivity testing method on-line, and the film adhesive strength was inspected by pull-off testing method. The results indicated that the properties of the film were significantly affected by hydrolysis solvent, hydrolysis time, concentration of KH 560 solution, ageing time and temperature. The best technology for preparing the film was: using water and methanol as hydrolysis agent, 10 % concentration of the solution, 48 hours for hydrolysis, 100~200 and 4 hours for ageing. At the same time, the effect of hydrolysis time on this film was more sensitive than that of solution concentration.


ELIZABETH M LUNNY, THINH QUOC BUI, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA; CAITLIN BRAY, Department of Chemistry, Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT, USA; PRIYANKA RUPASINGHE, Physical Sciences, Cameron University, Lawton, OK, USA; MITCHIO OKUMURA, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.


Stress-strain relationship of geomaterials is important to numerical analysis in geotechnical engineering. It is difficult to be represented by conventional constitutive model accurately. Artificial neural network (ANN) has been proposed as a more effective approach to represent this complex and nonlinear relationship, but ANN itself still has some limitations that restrict the applicability of the method. In this paper, an alternative method, support vector machine (SVM), is proposed to simulate this type of complex constitutive relationship. The SVM model can overcome the limitations of ANN model while still processing the advantages over the traditional model. The application examples show that it is an effective and accurate modeling approach for stress-strain relationship representation for geomaterials.


The numerical analysis of velocity and temperature fields for a single round-tube-fin element of tube-fin heat exchanger with vortex generator is carried out. The geometrical structure is taken from the real tube-fin heat exchanger with S_1=20 mm,S_2=15.5 mm,t_p=2.5 mm; the angle of attack of vortex generator is 45°. The selected range of Re is 500~20 000. The discussion and analysis are made mainly for the results of Re=1 000 and 10 000. The longitudinal vortexes yielded by the vortex generator greatly increase the mixing and energy exchange of fluid at the rear of the tube; they also take the fluid away downstream at this region instantly. Compared with the smooth fin structure, the temperature difference between the wall and the fluid at the tube wake region for round tube-fin heat exchanger is increased apparently, which has profitable effects for enhancing the heat transfer.


The growth in height and root collar diameter in tw o-year-old ginkgo seedlings is simulated with the Logistic equation, and the c orrelational coefficients are all above 0.97. Whatever the family, the height gr owth enters the rapid growing phase directly after the leaf spread, but comes to a close at times differing from one family to another. With the root collar dia meter, the start and end of the rapid growing phase are both later than the heig ht, and the ending time also varies with the family. While the annual growth cur ves of such morphological leaf traits as the length, width, dry weight, fresh we ight, and mean leaf area are S-shaped, the annual changing pattern of the leaf extracts is of double-peak curves. It is concluded that the ending time of the fast growing phase in height and root collar diameter, the leaf area of mature a nd healthy leaflets, the content of total leaf ginkgolides at early September, a nd the content of total leaf flavone at late September can all be helpful trait indices in the selection of seedlings.


- gewahlte Beispiele aus der Schulpraxis. Dabei werden auch Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede sichtbar gemacht. Schlusselworter: Waldorfpadagogik, Religiose Erziehung, Islam, Judentum. Abstract. This article describes selected results of a research project devoted to religious education in Waldorf schools in non-Christian cultural contexts. It first describes the specifically Waldorf concept of "general religious education", and then explores the relevance and practice of this concept in schools in Egypt and Israel. Teachers´ attitudes toward religious education, their goals within this realm, and selected examples from teaching practice are focused upon in the content presented. Commonalities and differences are thereby revealed.


The numerical optimization of microwave oscillators including specifications on steady-state stability and near-carrier phase noise is demonstrated for the first time. The approach relies on the harmonic-balance technique and is fully general-purpose. Oscillators designed without such constraints may be strongly suboptimal from the noise viewpoint with no substantial improvement of electrical performance.<<ETX>>


High-resolution winds derived from RADARSAT-1 synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images have been produced for the waters around Alaska since 1999. Wind speed images show useful details of many meteorological phenomena of interest in weather analysis and forecasting. These include wakes, gap flows, lee waves, atmospheric fronts, cyclones, and barrier jets


The objective of the presented article is to determine how the electronic commerce affects the level of sales, of the producers of footwear pymes of the province of Trujillo. The present investigation of the doctoral thesis has been developed from a descriptive, correlational perspective with a quantitative approach considering two variables. This model was applied in order to be able to investigate the incidence that exists of electronic commerce in the SME Producers of the sector of the footwear industry. SMEs in this sector have various economic problems, such as low footwear production, increased costs of raw materials, inputs, competitive prices, etc. A causal research model was estimated to assess the impact of the present investigation. The design of the present applied research was non-experimental, descriptive correlational with a quantitative approach. As a research technique, the survey was used to determine the objectives set out in the research. The conclusions reached is that the sales system of footwear producers in the province of Trujillo is not profitable and the e-commerce tool will benefit their sales, saving costs and time, boosting production and increasing sales.


In this paper, a 3D FEM model is built up for the analysis of the dynamical characteristics of a industrial structure, the tested results on the dynamic properties of auxiliarg plant of the the structute are compared with its results computed by the FEM model,it is shown that both the results are agreed. Finally, vibration control measures of the concrete masonry plant are suggested for reducing vibration of the plant.


The objective of this study was to evaluate the qualities of emulsified meatballs where part of the lean pork was substituted with mechanically deboned bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) meat (MDBM) during manufacturing and subsequently stored at 4C. Meatballs were manufactured by adding 0, 7.5, 15, 22.5 or 30% MDBM. The meatballs had higher moisture, lower protein and fat contents, darker color, lower water-holding capacity, higher cooking loss and softer texture as the MDBM usage level increased. The thiobarbituric acid and volatile basic nitrogen values of the products significantly (P < 0.05) increased, and the shear values, springiness and fracturability decreased as the MDBM usage level increased (P < 0.05). The products containing 7.5% MDBM had higher acceptable sensory characteristics than those samples containing more MDBM. In conclusion, emulsified meatballs that had 7.5% mechanically deboned bullfrog meat, substituted with equal quantities of the lean pork, were acceptable based on their physicochemical and sensory qualities.

PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS

Many animal by-products which are produced during processing are edible and valuable. How to utilize these by-products has become a great issue for the industry. In this study, high-quality proteins which were obtained from mechanically deboned bullfrog meat (MDBM) resulted in emulsified meatballs with acceptable qualities. More specifically, this information could make MDBM a possible material to substitute for part of the added lean meat in many emulsion-type meat products and increase products marketability because of lower raw ingredients' cost. This finding may be useful for both marine and domestic animal industries to make better use of this by-product. Lastly, this information can be used to enhance the potential reduction of animal wastes, which might pollute the environment.


teaches speech at the University of Georgia) argues that a new interactive mode of militarized entertainment is recruiting its audience as virtual-citizen soldiers. He examines a range of historical and contemporary media examples (including the world of sports) to demonstrate the ways that war now invites audiences to enter the spectacle as an interactive participant through a variety of channels—from news coverage to online video games to so-called ''reality'' television. Rather than presenting war as something to be watched, the new interactive ''militainment'' presents war as something to be played and experienced vicariously. Stahl examines the challenges that this new mode of militarized entertainment poses for democracy, and explores the controversies and resistant practices that this type of content has inspired. The book reminds me of the Selling of the Pentagon TV documentary controversy of some four decades ago. (Chris Sterling)


Objectives: To find out influencing factors of quality of life(QOL) of staffs in Centers for Disease Prevention and Control(CDC),whose results would be taken as theoretical evidence for government policy-makers to work out strategy of health human resources.Methods: The WHO Quality of Life Brief Scale(WHOQOL-BREF) was employed as the assessing tool for staffs of CDC who were in a city and its neighborhood counties.Each subject was asked to complete a spot self-assessment.Results: There is no significant difference of QOL of staffs between city and neighborhood county.Working at different departments was one of the influencing factors on psychological and social domains.Harmonious family relationship,good appetite,agreement to work competition,and confidence in working institutes were influencing factors to the total score of QOL.Conclusions: Scores of QOL of CDC staffs were relatively low with various influencing factors.It is necessary for leaders of related departments to take countermeasures to improve the QOL of CDC staffs.


1. Introduction Frequency combs have been investigated in the laboratory over the course of the last 25 years in a wide range of implementations and applications including but not limited to precision metrology, optical atomic clocks, LIDAR, low-phase-noise RF generation, and precision spectroscopy [1]. While the Nobel prize winning technology of frequency combs have shown their usefulness in a variety of applications, there have been few demonstrations of this technology in real-world applications [2, 3]. Here we present a mode-locked oscillator that has been designed to be environmentally robust and low cost, while maintaining suitability for use in frequency comb applications. Vescent Photonics is designing and manufacturing fiber mode-locked oscillators and frequency combs for government customers whose application deployments include satellites and terrestrial moving platforms. These designs allow for repetition rate matching at the time of manufacture, which is an important consideration for integration of this technology into optical atomic clocks, dual comb spectroscopy, and low-phase-noise radio frequency generation. Vescent currently is manufacturing oscillators at 100 and 200 MHz repetition rates, and these designs could be modified to give repetition rates between 80 and 250 MHz. While performance and environmental robustness are necessary metrics for real-world applications of frequency combs, the cost of these devices can also be a barrier to wide-spread deployment. Vescent Photonics is diligently working on optimizing all three parameters (performance, environmental robustness, and cost) to bring a deployable mode-locked laser and frequency comb solution to market. 2. Mode-locked oscillator performance The compact mode-locked oscillators presented here have been designed to be low-cost, low-volume, highperformance, and environmentally robust for field-deployed applications. Figure 1a shows the mechanical enclosure for the fiber oscillator measuring 0.12 L (10.75 cm x 6.35 cm x 1.72 cm) in volume; it should be noted that pump diodes have not been included in this packaging due to thermal considerations. An enclosure for a frequency comb system (optic only) has also been designed with a volume of 0.62 L (19.05 cm x 11.30 cm x 2.86 cm). Two length actuators are included in this design; a fast PZT with >200 kHz bandwidth that allows 150 Hz of tuning on a 100 MHz repetition rate, and slow temperature control of the fiber with a ~10 s thermal time constant and >40 kHz of tuning on a 100 MHz repetition rate. The oscillator optical spectrum is included in Figure 1b. Average optical powers out of the oscillators are on the order of a few milliwatts, and pulses are close to transform limited (~250 fs). Erbium-doped fiber amplifiers and pulse compression stages are routinely added to the oscillator outputs to achieve average powers >200 mW and pulse durations <100 fs. While these parameters are useful for a wide range of mode-locked laser applications, it also allows the detection of the carrier envelope offset frequency ( , a fundamental comb parameter) in an f-2f interferometer with greater than 40 dB SNR in 300 kHz resolution bandwidth (Figure 1c). To show suitability of these fiber mode-locked oscillators in frequency comb applications, fractional Allan Deviations of the in-loop stabilized signals have been included in Figure 1d where the absolute frequency deviations have been divided by the distance between the frequency comb lock points. Typical optical clock performance has also been plotted, where the performance of the locks is more than suitable for this application. 3. Summary A compact, low-cost, environmentally robust mode-locked oscillator has been shown to be suitable for frequency comb experiments. Detection and stabilization of the fundamental comb parameters is suitable for optical atomic clocks, as well as a host of real-world frequency comb applications including dual comb spectroscopy, low phase noise RF generation, and optical metrology.


Mosquitoes are major vectors of infectious diseases transmitting malaria,  lymphatic filariasis, yellow fever, dengue fever, zika and chikungunya virus.  Resistance to DDT, pyrethriods and carbamates has been reported to different mosquito species in Nigeria. This investigation was carried out to determine the susceptibility status of mosquitoes in Lagos State, Nigeria to malathion. Mosquito larva were collected from four different Local Government Areas of Lagos, and reared to adult. Female adult mosquitoes were exposed to 5 % malathion insecticide test papers using WHO standard procedures and kits. Species identification was done using PCR assay. Suspected resistance was observed in Cx. quinquefasciatus from Kosofe and Alimosho with 24 hour mortality of 96 % and 95 % respectively. Other mosquito species and Cx. quinquefasciatus from Badagry and  Ibeju-Lekki were fully susceptible 24 hours post exposure period. KDT50 and KDT95 for An. gambiae s.s ranges from 14.6 – 25.1 and 23.7 – 51.5 minutes respectively for all the location, KDT50 and KDT95 for Ae. aegypti ranges from 24.8 – 27.8 and 44.8 – 62.5 minutes respectively for all the location and KDT50 and KDT95 for Cx. quinquefasciatus ranges from 21.5 – 37.8 and 41.5 – 77.7 minutes respectively for all the location. The relatively high values of KDT50 and KDT95 in all assayed mosquito species call for urgent attention and may indicate the gradual development of malathion resistance to different mosquito species in Lagos. Regular insecticide resistance monitoring is needed and the indiscriminate use of unapproved organophosphate insecticides to be discouraged to forestall the development of malathion resistance in mosquitoes.
Keywords: Mosquitoes, Insecticide resistance, Malathion, Organophosphates, Infectious diseases


The effect of orn-taurine as a partial substitute for salt on textural properties of heat-induced minced chicken gels at low ionic strength was explored in this study.One-factor-at-a-time experiments were carried out to investigate the effect of pH on texture properties and water-holding capacity of heat-induced minced chicken gels with 50% orn-taurine substitution.Further,a completely randomized design was used to examine the effects of different levels(30%,40% and 50%) of orn-taurine substitution and different pH levels(6.0,6.5 and 7.0) on texture properties and water-holding capacity of heat-induced minced chicken gels.It was found that different pH levels(6.0—7.2) had a significant effect on texture properties of heat-induced minced chicken gels at 2.5% ionic strength and 50% substitution level,but had no significant effect on water-holding capacity.In conclusion,partial substitution of salt with orn-taurine has adverse effects on texture properties and water-holding capacity of heat-induced minced chicken gels,which can be attenuated by pH adjustment to a near neutral level.


Abstract : The Human-Systems Interaction Course taught at the Naval Postgraduate School is an introduction to the human-systems interface, that part of the system which the human uses to provide input to and receive feedback from the system. This thesis will provide a basic introduction to those which must be considered when designing today's complex military systems. Additionally, this thesis will provide an introduction to the Internet - a worldwide network of computers and smaller networks. Students will use the Internet to gather information, access remote program, and communicate with other personnel around the world. This them is only an introduction to both of these complex topics; further is possible into any of the topics discussed. Appendix A provides a number of basic exercises intended to introduce the concepts discussed in the body of the thesis.


In this paper we propose a configuration for a single‐cell gap single‐driving‐circuit transflective LCD, which is composed of the optically compensated bend (OCB) mode in the transmissive region and the hybrid aligned nematic (HAN) mode in the reflective region. Optical compensation was made with positive A plates, negative C plates, and wide‐band quarter‐wave plates (WB QWPs). Both the reflective mode and the transmissive mode operate in the normally white mode and have the same gamma curve. WB QWPs provide wide viewing angle characteristics of the transmissive mode.


The invention relates to the fields of production methods and production apparatuses of silicon germanium core-shell structure nano-particles, in particular to a method and an apparatus for producing silicon germanium core-shell structure nano-particles in a laboratory. According to the method, the silicon germanium core-shell structure nano-particles are prepared by adopting a gaseous phase method, and the method has the characteristics of rapid nano-particle production speed and controllable nano-particle size. The apparatus for producing the silicon germanium core-shell structure nano-particles comprises a small-sized glass tube and a large-sized glass tube, wherein the small-sized glass tube is provided with a first cathode and a first anode; the large-sized glass tube is provided with an inner tube and a second anode; a second cathode is arranged in the inner tube. According to the apparatus, the uniform distribution of plasma is realized, and the nano-particles with narrow size distribution are favorably generated. The apparatus has the characteristics that the dispersibility of the nano-particles is good, the surfaces of the nano-particles are uniformly coated, and the like.


The onset of stochasticity is measured inCDM cosmological simulations using a set of clas- sical observables. It is quantified as the local derivative o f the logarithm of the dispersion of a given observable (within a set of different simulations di ffering weakly through their initial realization), with respect to the cosmic growth factor. In a n Eulerian framework, it is shown here that chaos appears at small scales, where dynamic is non-linear, while it vanishes at larger scales, allowing the computation of a critical transition s cale corresponding to � 3.5Mpc/h. This picture is confirmed by Lagrangian measurements which s how that the distribution of substructures within clusters is partially sensitive to in itial conditions, with a critical mass upper bound scaling roughly like the perturbation's amplit ude to the power 0.15. The cor- responding characteristic mass, Mcrit = 210 13 M⊙, is roughly of the order of the critical mass of non linearities at z = 1 and accounts for the decoupling induced by the dark energy triggered acceleration. The sensitivity to detailed initial conditions spills to so me of the overall physical prop- erties of the host halo (spin and velocity dispersion tensor orientation) while other "global" properties are quite robust and show no chaos (mass, spin parameter, connexity and center of mass position). This apparent discrepancy may reflect the fact that quantities which are integrals over particles rapidly average out details of dif ference in orbits, while the other observables are more sensitive to the detailed environment of forming halos and reflect the non-linear scale coupling characterizing the environments of halos.


Looking at the near future, we see that offshore wind penetration into the electrical grid will continue increasing rapidly. Until very recently, the trend has been to place the offshore wind farms close to shore within the reach for transmission using HVAC cables but for larger distances HVDC solutions need to be considered. In the present work are presented methods to simulate the converter without using any kind of semiconductors in order to reduce the simulation time. The model consists only of passive components representing the sub modules in different states. For each state, new values are calculated for the converter. Time-domain simulations on a MMC HVDC test system are performed in the PSCAD/EMTDC software environment based on the new model. The results demonstrate that the modeled MMC-HVDC system with or without converter transformer is able to operate under specific fault conditions.


Description The expression of phased small interfering RNAs caused monkeyflower color evolution Pigmentation in flower petals mainly relies on anthocyanins and carotenoids, two classes of pigments whose biosynthetic and regulatory pathways are well characterized (1) and constitute theoretically ideal targets for evolution to create new color patterns. However, evolution of flower color sometimes works in mysterious ways. On page 576 of this issue, Liang et al. (2) show that a major speciation locus in Mimulus (monkeyflowers) that causes change in flower color contains a noncoding inverted repeat region. This repeat produces a long noncoding RNA that is cleaved into small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) in a regularly spaced ("phased") pattern, and some of these siRNAs regulate the translation of a carotenoid biosynthesis regulator. The finding that flower color change was caused by an inverted repeat that produces phased siRNAs constitutes an unexpected molecular mechanism for flower morphological evolution.


The main objective of this project is fake currency detection using the image processing. Fake currency detection is a process of finding the forgery currency. After choose the image apply preprocessing. In pre-processing the image to be crop, smooth and adjust. Convert the image into gray color. After conversion apply the image segmentation. The features are extracting and reduce. Finally compare the image into original or forgery.


Sorbic acid (SOA), dehydroacetic acid (DA), benzoic acid (BA), and five esters of phydroxybenzoic acid (PHBA) in imported fruit vinegars were first passed through a Sep-Pak C18 cartridge and then analyzed simultaneously by gas-liquid chromatography. In brief, the vinegar samples were further acidified with hydrochloric acid, the test solution was saturated with sodium chloride and stirred vigorously, and the solution was put on the cartridge. Acetone as the solvent gave satisfactory results. A wide-bore capillary column was used for the gas chromatography. An FFAP column was most suitable for analysis of SOA, DA, and BA, and an MS column was most suitable for analysis of the five esters of PHBA in terms of stability, separability and sensitivity. Five fruit vinegars, fortified with 20μg/ml of eight food presertives, gave recovery of 91.6-100.5%, and the coefficient variation was 0.16% to 2.23%. The detection limit was 2μg/ml for each vinegar. This method could be used for various vinegars and was superior to conventional systematic methods for the assay of food preservatives. By this method, analytical results for 20 samples of imported fruit vinegars showed that SOA was present at the concertration of l.0-6.5μg/ml in two red wine vinegars, two sherry vinegars, and a balsamic vinegar. BA was detected at the concentration of 2.8μg/ml in a cider vinegar.


Materials and methods. The features of the course of pregnancy and childbirth, the condition of children at birth, histomorphological conclusions of placentas and the expression of the CD15 marker in the placentas of 40 children with congenital infectious diseases, 10 children with asphyxia at birth and 10 healthy full-term children were analyzed.Results. The analysis showed the absence of reliable clinical and morphological criteria for the risk of developing a congenital infectious disease. Thus, the majority of mothers of children of all comparison groups had various somatic pathology: 33 (82.5%) in group 1, 8 (80%) in group 2, 6 (60%) in group 3 (p ≥ 0.05) Children of all comparison groups were statistically comparable in gestational age, anthropometric data and assessment on the Apgar scale. During histological examination, inflammatory changes in the afterbirth in children of the compared groups were recorded with almost the same frequency: in 17 (42.5%) children with intrauterine infection, 4 (40%) with asphyxia at birth and 2 (20%) healthy children (p ≥ 0.05). At the same time, immunohistochemically, placentas of children with congenital infectious diseases were characterized by a significantly higher level of CD15 expression compared to placentas of healthy children: CD15 expression coefficient in placentas of children with congenital infectious diseases was 6.9 ± 0.9, in the group of healthy children — 0.7 ± 0.5, (p < 0.05).Conclusion. The use of the immunohistochemical marker CD15 makes it possible to predict congenital infectious disease in newborns in the absence of obvious morphological signs of an infectious lesion of the afterbirth, and can be used to form risk groups for the implementation of infectious pathology.


As a secondary industrial product, peach waste (PW) presents an ecological problem, but is potentially a rich source of natural antioxidants. A potential and novel way to improve the phytochemical stability of waste rich in phytochemicals is encapsulation in yeast cells that possess good structural characteristics. In the present study, PW extract was encapsulated in non-plasmolyzed, plasmolyzed and living Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells using the freeze-drying method. HPLC analysis revealed that ?-carotene is the most abundant carotenoid, while epicatechin and catechin are the most abundant phenolics in PW. The highest encapsulation efficiency of carotenoids (86.59 %), as well as phenolics (66.98 %), was obtained with freeze-dried non-plasmolyzed yeast cells used as carriers. Although plasmolysis can cause some changes in the structure and properties of yeast cells, it did not enhance the encapsulation efficiency of present phytochemicals. Successful encapsulation of PW extract in yeast cells was confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy and SEM imaging. The obtained results present the encapsulation of sensitive compounds in yeast cells by freeze-drying as an excellent method for preserving valuable compounds and their potential use in the food and pharmaceutical industries.


The brain-cardio-respiratory resuscitation in veterinary medicine is an area that deserves a lot of study and improvement, since in the routine, each professional ends up taking a different course. Starting from this fact, it is important to establish the correct diagnosis of the stop and to use what is of the most recent, based on scientific evidence, to achieve the success of its revertion. The objective of this review was to compile all that has been written and published of the most recent one referring to the subject, in small animals, in order to show to veterinarians working in the clinical area, the mechanisms to perform the best possible behavior through the cardiac arrest.


The WATER4EVER Project (http://water4ever.eu/) was built on the premise that agriculture is by far the largest consumer of water, with about 70% of the diverted water being used in irrigation. Agriculture is also considered as a key source of diffuse pollution with inefficient practices resulting in high water and nutrient (particularly N and P) surpluses that are transferred to water bodies through diffuse processes (runoff and leaching), promoting eutrophication, with associated biodiversity loss. WATER4EVER aims thus to develop new monitoring strategies at the plot and catchment scales to provide detailed information of water and nutrient flow, and gain new insights on the connectivity between both scales. New monitoring strategies were developed and tested in agricultural fields in Portugal, Spain, Italy and Turkey and included: (i) crop physiological indicators assessment using static sensors for defining improved deficit irrigation strategies for woody crops; (ii) crop stress and productivity maps from measurements taken with a smart sensor mounted on a tractor and equipped with LIDAR 2D, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and thermal cameras, and a GNSS receiver; (iii) leaf area index maps at 30 m resolution derived from ATCOR and Landsat 8 imagery data using the NDVI and the Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI); (iv) soil moisture maps at 100 m resolution by combining the 10 m resolution synthetic-aperture radar (SAR) images from Sentinel 1 with the 10 m resolution NDVI computed from Sentinel 2 images, averaged into 100 m cells, and then by considering the backscatter difference with the driest day, or alternatively the backscatter difference between two consecutive dates; (v) soil moisture maps at 1 km resolution created with the DISaggregation based on a Physical And Theoretical scale CHange (DISPATCH) algorithm for the downscaling of the 40 km SMOS (Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity) soil moisture data using land surface temperature (LST) and NDVI data; (vi) conventional monitoring techniques combined with modeling tools for assessing the impact of different soil managements (conventional tillage, tillage with grass trips, grass cover) on soil infiltration, soil water content, runoff and soil erosion of hillslope vineyards; (vii) an improved deterministic model for irrigation and fertigation management at the plot scale; and (viii) a decision support system for irrigation water management at the plot scale which integrated a deterministic model for irrigation scheduling and the NDVI computed from Sentinel 2 imagery data for crop growth monitoring. Preliminary results derived from the use of the innovative monitoring and mapping strategies, besides model applications are presented. The remote sensing products described above were also applied for catchment modeling validation of streamflow, which results fall outside the scope of this communication. WATER4EVER activities were thus wide and diverse, aimed at optimizing crop management practices which will help to promote the sustainability of different Mediterranean production systems.

WATER4EVER is funded by the European Commission under the framework of the ERA-NET COFUND WATERWORKS 2015 Programme


Abstract For the increasing number of grandparent caregivers, relationship quality with adult children has important implications for the well-being of grandparents. Based on solidarity, conflict, and ambivalence, the present study examines how parent-adult children's relationships differ by grandparent caregiving status on depressive symptoms and psychological well-being. This study uses The 2014 Health and Retirement Study from a sample of 1,197 grandparent caregivers age 51 and older. Latent class analysis is applied to measure affection and conflict in older grandparents-adult children relationships. Results from the latent class analysis identified four clusters: amicable, ambivalent, detached, and disharmonious. OLS regression models are estimated the association between relationship types and depressive symptoms and psychological well-being by grandparent caregiving. For the depressive symptoms, disharmonious relationships with adult children increase depressive symptoms among co-parenting and custodial grandparents. Also, ambivalent and disharmonious relationships with adult children reduce the psychological well-being of older grandparents. The study discusses the variances of the relationships with adult children and their effects on grandparents' well-being. The results will shed light on the importance of familial relationships and will be beneficial for the development and maintenance of policies and practices that support the families of grandparent caregivers.


At the 16th Reactor Operations International Topical Meeting, held August 15-18, in Melville, Long Island, N.Y., speakers pointed to the continued need to improve the operation of nuclear power plants in the United States. The meeting was sponsored by the American Nuclear Society`s Reactor Operations Division and Long Island Local Section. Session speakers pointed out that plant safety is in large measure in the hands of reactor operators independent of the hardware and software in place for reactor operations. Others touched on the economic costs that nuclear energy is facing, compared with coal. Direct labor constitutes 55 percent of the power production costs of nuclear, compared to only 17 percent for coal. The industry has to recognize the opportunity to maximize labor use and reduce costs. Further improving the cost-effectiveness of energy generation will require reducing the dollar investment in plant operation. Speakers proposed reorganizational efforts for the nuclear industry, which will provide a more directed and competitive industry able to compete in todays market.


Abstract : Solutions of the boundary layer equation for an unsteady flow have previously been obtained for only a few boundary conditions such as those which exist in suddenly accelerated or uniformly accelerating flows. In the paper a general solution using the method of successive approximations for an arbitrarily accelerating flow is presented. The solution, which is expressed in an integral form including the acceleration as a chosen function of time, is valid for both two-dimensional and axially symmetrical flows. An example is presented in which the variation of velocity outside of the boundary layer is a fourth degree polynomial in time multiplied by a function depending on shape of object.


Representing large boolean sets has many important applica tion reas, including hardware verification. There are two main approaches: the characteristic and param etric representation. This note describes the approaches and briefly compares them


The online tourism is part of e-commerce and unites some of the fastest growing technologies, such as communications and information technology, the hospitality industry, and strategic management / marketing / planning. Online tourism activities involve tour operators, travel agencies and other entities with tourism-related interests in the virtual space through a dedicated portal. The phenomenon itself has implications for the tourist services consumer.The Internet has revolutionized the travel industry both as a source of information and as a sales channel. Online marketing, photographs, and consumer reviews are bringing destinations and attractions to the screens of potential travellers around the world. The ease with which a customer can review and compare travel options opens up new markets for both large and small businesses and the ability to confirm prices and purchase services online benefits travellers and businesses alike


Genetic studies show a general factor associated with all human psychopathology and strongly correlated with personality and intelligence, but its basis is unknown. We performed genome scans of 17 normal and problem behaviors in three multi-breed dog cohorts. 21 of 90 mapped loci were supported for the same, or a related, trait in a second cohort. Several of those loci were also associated with brain structure differences across breeds; and six of the respective top-candidate genes are also associated with human brain structure and function. More broadly, the geneset of canine behavioral scans is supported by enrichment for genes mapped for human behavior, personality, cognition, psychopathology and brain structure. The biology implicated includes, neurogenesis, axon guidance, angiogenesis, brain structure, alternative splicing, disease association, Hox-family transcription factors, and subiculum expression. Because body size and behavior are correlated in dogs, we isolated the effect of body size in the dog mapping and in the comparative human UK Biobank analyses. Our dog findings are consistent with pleiotropy of diverse brain traits with energy metabolism and growth, and suggest behavioral variations often affect neurogenesis. There is support for such pleiotropy in humans and well-powered genetic studies of human psychiatric traits consistently implicate neurogenesis. We propose a genetic network which underlies neuron birth and development throughout life is associated with evolutionary adaptation of behavior and the general psychopathology factor. This understanding has implications for genetic and environmental contributions to psychiatric disease. We discuss how canine translational models can further accelerate the study of psychopathology.We genetically mapped diverse normal and problem behaviors in dogs. The well-established approach we used is ideally suited for finding variation that is common across dog breeds and for pin-pointing the most likely gene candidates. Our analysis of the genes implicated at 90 genome regions shows they are enriched for i) genes mapped for diverse brain functions and pathologies in humans; ii) genes involved in brain development throughout life; and iii) footprints of evolution in dogs, humans and other animals. We propose that is consistent with evolutionary conservation of the general genetic factor of mental health in humans, which is correlated with personality and intelligence. The implications are that this super-network of genes is preferentially targeted by evolutionary adaptation for behavior and that its dysregulation increases risk of mental health disorders.


Background: With the emergence of functional movement in the study of athleticism, Pilates exercise based on the activation of the body core is attracting much attention. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the changes in functional movement after performing Pilates exercise. Methods: A total of 31 college students at university K in seoul were included in this study. These students performed a 90-minute Pilates exercise twice a week for 16 weeks. Frequency analysis and paired t-test were performed using IBM SPSS ver. 25.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). Results: All the seven factors of functional movement screen (FMS) showed statistically significant results. Conclusion: Considering that the levels of all the seven factors of FMS improved after performing Pilates exercise, Pilates exercise is considered superior in improving functional movement.


Accidents are bound to happen in all populations, especially with active children. Active listening, case history, and clinical findings differentiate between accident and abuse.


A novel complex with the terminal acetonitrile and bridging trifluoroacetate (tfa) ligands of [Mo3S4(dtp)3(μ-tfa)(NCCH3)] (dtp: diethyl dithiophospate) (1-tfa) was prepared from the substitution re...