Objective To evaluate the ef ficacy and the toxicity of TUOXI combined with 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin(5-Fu/LV) in the treatment of advanced nasophary ngeal carcinoma(NPC) patients.Methods Twenty -five patients with advanced NP C were treated with TUOXI 6 mg/m2,i.v.in a 3-hour infusion,d1-5,5-Fu 500 /m2 and LV 200 mg/m2,i.v.in a 3-hour infusion,d1-5,every 3 week s. All patients had received prior platinum combined with 5-Fu chemotherapy and th e carcinoma re lapsed or progressed.Results Twenty-five pa tients we re evaluable.CR plus PR was 52.0%(13/25), SD was 36.0%(9/25) and PD was 12.0%(3/25).Hematological toxicity was the main side effect and was well to lerable.Conclusion TUOXI combined with 5-Fu /LV for treatment of advanced NPC patients is effective and has low toxicity.


In this article, MnCeLa and Sn-MnCeLa mixed oxide catalysts prepared by a sol–gel and coprecipitation method were evaluated for the catalytic combustion of chlorobenzene (CB), which was employed as a model compound for volatile organic chlorinated aromatics. The activity tests revealed that both catalysts presented an excellent activity in catalytic destruction of CB showing 90% conversion below 210 °C. A considerably higher stability was observed for the Sn-MnCeLa catalyst compared with the MnCeLa sample, indicating that the catalytic stability of the MnCeLa catalyst for chlorobenzene oxidation could be significantly enhanced via the introduction of Sn. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) demonstrated that Sn modification can increase the concentration of surface reactive oxygen species, which is critical to remove Cl species. Additionally, Raman and hydrogen temperature programmed reduction (H2-TPR) showed that the addition of Sn inhibited the formation of MnOxCly on the active sites of the MnCeLa catalyst. These two aspects are responsible for the remarkably improved resistance to chlorine poisoning of the Sn-modified MnCeLa catalyst.


Summary Datafromahospital-based drugsurveillance programme were usedtodetermine howoftenbenzodiazepine drugs were usedingeneralmedicalwards.Benzodiazepines were thedrugsmost commonlyusedas hypnotics and were givento32%ofthesepatients. Concomitant use of more thanone benzodiazepine drugor ofbenzodiazepines withotherpsychoactive drugswas common andoften irrational. A series ofdouble-blind patient-preference studiescomparingvariousbenzodiazepines and a benzodiazepine withan antihistamine showedthatfor short-termhypnoticeffect therewere no differences betweenthreecommon benzodiazepines but elderly patients preferred benzodiazepines totheantihistamine, whichproducedmore undesired effects. Theseresults suggestthatcurrently diazepamisthehypnotic ofchoice formedicalwardinpatients.


An electron beam with a small energy spread (0.1%) and a small normalized emittance (2 mm.mrad) is required to drive a Free Electron Laser at the TESLA Test Facility (TTF) at DESY. During FEL operations, the longitudinal and transverse wakefields which are generated by vacuum components, principally by RF cavities, bellows and valves, will induce an additional energy spread and emittance growth, respectively. This paper presents the wakefields and its induced correlated energy spread and emittance growth at the TTF FEL of phase I and II.


Reports have shown that over 25% of fruit are lost during their season and virtually out of the market during off season due to their high moisture content couple with poor preservation methods practiced in Nigeria. Smooth cayenne pineapple specie obtained from Ajanla Farms, Ibadan was used for the study. A two factor-factorial experimental design of 3-levels of 3 pre-treatment methods (sucrose, blanching and sulphiting) and 3-levels of drying conditions (80 C/8 h, 70 C/10 h and 50 C/16 h) resulting into 81 treatments o o o was used. The treatments were reduced to 18 by stratified sampling method from the results of the moisture and ascorbic acid content obtained from the pre-treated slices before drying. The slices were dried in a cabinet dryer; the moisture and ascorbic acid content of the dried slices were monitored during drying and after. All the samples exhibited combinations of falling and increase in drying with increasing in drying time. The dried slices were stored for 18 weeks, at which they were analyzed at 3 week intervals. The results obtained revealed that there were significant effects (p<0.05) of the pre-treatments on the ascorbic acid and moisture content of the dried slices. The 60%S/60 CB/2500ppm SO at 70 C/10 h had the least value of o o 2 moisture content of 8.75% and 25.16 mg/100 g of ascorbic acid. Furthermore, the results indicated that drying at 70 C/10 h is suitable for drying of pineapple slices than other drying conditions. During storage, o there was continuous reduction in moisture content during the early weeks of storage. However, after 9 weeks of storage the moisture content of the samples increased showing significant differences between the mean values of the samples at different weeks of storage. Though, the samples pretreated with SO2 showed a little variation over the storage period. Drying condition of 70 C/10 h and pre-treatment of 2500 ppm o SO /60% sucrose was found to have minimal reduction of quality and thus the most appropriate treatment 2 for air-oven drying of pineapple slices. The study therefore, recommends that production of pre-treated dried fruit slices could be used to reduce the enormous post-harvest losses of fruits.


In this article, the 75Fe3C-20W-5Co alloy is developed by the powder metallurgy technique in order to study the microstructure and the mechanical properties obtained after solid phase sintering. The mechanical grinding of the mixture of these Fe3C-W-Co powders lasted 6 hours.The powders were compressed by cold isostatic pressing (CIP) at different compaction pressures (5MPa, 10MPa, 15MPa and 18MPa). The green compacts obtained were sintered at a temperature equal to 1350 °C, followed by a heat treatment at different temperatures (850 °C, 950 °C and 1100 °C). The samples were then cooled in different baths (oil and water). The characterization of this sintered steel alloy was carried out by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and with an optical microscope. The results reveal that the structure of these sintered alloys consisted of the Fe matrix phase and the W-Co solid solution phase. The compaction pressure influences the number and size of the pores. Hardness and wear resistance increase with increasing compaction pressure.


Putaohua reservoir is a mass of faults in Weixing area. This makes a lot of small structures of rift valleys and horsts. The relationship of oil and water in reservoir is very complex. This paper introduces a method interpreting and evaluating oil and water layers accurately using geology logging and well logging data. The method is mainly based on quantitative interpretation and evaluation technology of geology logging for reservoirs. By the method, we have improved on the dynamic interpretation criterion of Putaohua reservoir, and set up a static and dynamic productivity forecasting method.


Discusses the concept of virtual TV studio production. Virtual production is the combination of real and synthetic images. Demonstrations of virtual studio production have already been carried out; the operations involved are described.


The angle of torsion of the femur, also called the angle of declination is, by definition, the angle formed by the intersection of lines drawn through the main transverse axis of the upper end and that of the lower end. Le Damany ('03) whose work was corroborated and extended by Lanz and Mayet ('53) noted that torsion of the upper end of the femur appears first about the third month of fetal life and that it reaches 40" (with a range of 30"-60") at birth. After birth it decreases: it averages 25"-30" by the twelfth year, and 12" by adulthood. The latter figure coincides with that given by Durham ('15). Parsons ('14) and Pearson and Bell ('15) whose series were exceptionally large, give a figure of 15" for the English adult. Pearson and Bell ('15) and also Martin ('28) have noted significant racial differences as e. g. between Neolithic and Modern French. Kingsley and Olmstead ('48) who used a slightly different method of determining the angle give 8" although Lofgren ('56) who appears to have used the same method, albeit for a different population group, gives 12". Shands and Steele ('58) and Crane ('59), of this country, who x-rayed children and adults, find the angle for the adult to average 15". It seems reasonable to accept this last figure for the average person of European stock. It corresponds closely with that determined by direct measurement, and further the x-ray method must be, of necessity, the most accurate method used in clinical practice. There have been various explanations for the increase in femoral torsion that takes place during fetal development. Friedlander ('01) believed that it was due to the lower limb undergoing medial rotation. This view is discounted by Watanabe ('61) on the basis that most of the limb rotation takes place between the eighth and tenth weeks of fetal life. Le Damany ('06) explained femoral torsion on the basis of the normal fetal posture in utero but the reason given, namely that the femoral shaft impinges against the anterior superior iliac spine which comes to act as a fulcrum, is not convincing. Lanz and Hennig ('53) concluded from their mathematical considerations that activity of the iliopsoas may be a factor. The usual position of the fetus in utero, at least by the sixth month, is one in which the lumbar spine and hips are fully flexed, in which position, according to their own figures, if one takes into consideration the physiological limits of flexion and extension as defined by Walmsley ('28) and Milch ('60) and if one can translate them to the fetus, the rotational force would be practically zero. The possibility of differential growth as a factor, as suggested by Felts ('54) is not without some merit. Frazer ('48) explains comparable changes in the angle of inclination that occur after birth on such a basis. Shands and Steele ('58) noted that the angle of declination takes a sharp drop in the first year after birth and again between the fourteenth and sixteenth years. The latter drop might be explained, as indicated by Le Damany ('13) on the basis of the intensity of torsion being proportional to the degree of activity of osteogenesis; it must also be taken into account however, as shown by McGregor ('50), that the plane of the epiphyseal line, which is horizontal in early childhood, becomes more vertical after the age of ten. Moss and Noback ('58) have shown that the length of time between the beginning of epiphyseal fusion and its com-


An accurate knowledge of the complex permittivity of dielectric materials is of importance at millimeter-wave frequencies for a number of applications. Since conventional lower-frequency techniques are not of use above 30 GHz, a special method for measuring such parameters was developed and is presented in this paper. The essential features of the new method are the use of a TE0l -mode resonant cavity, which virtually eliminates the effects of any thin air gap separating the dielectric sample from the waveguide walls- and the evaluation of the loaded Q factors by a spectral-domain technique yielding unexcelled resolution and accuracy in determining the loss tangent even of low-loss dielectrics.


According to in-depth study of embedded system architecture and working principles, this paper proposes an embedded kernel simulation system model – Device Operation Interface (DOI) model based in the computer simulation theory. Furthermore, an embedded 8051 simulated kernel is designed and developed based on this model. The 8051 simulation system achieves loading, compiling and linking the C language source file, simulates the process of 8051 command execution and displays the results through interfaces. The DOI model contributes to the reuse in different experimental simulation platforms


Vesicomyid clams, vestimentiferans, and some bathymodiolin mussels from hydrothermal vents and cold seeps possess thiotrophic endosymbionts, high levels of hypotaurine and, in tissues with symbionts, thiotaurine. The latter, a product of hypotaurine and sulfide, may store and/or transport sulfide non-toxically, and the ratio to hypotaurine plus thiotaurine (Th/[H+Th]) may reflect an animal's sulfide exposure. To test this, we analyzed seep and vent animals with in situ sulfide measurements. Calyptogena kilmeri clams occur at high-sulfide seeps in Monterey Canyon, while C. (Vesicomya) pacifica clams occur at seeps with lower levels but take up and metabolize sulfide more effectively. From one seep where they co-occur, both had gill thiotaurine contents at 22-25 mmol/kg wet mass, and while C. (V.) pacifica had a higher blood sulfide level, it had a lower Th/[H+Th] (0.39) than C. kilmeri (0.63). However, these same species from different seeps with lower sulfide exposures had lower ratios. Bathymodiolus thermophilus (East Pacific Rise [EPR 9˚50'N]) from high- (84 µM) and a low- (7 µM) sulfide vents had gill ratios of 0.40 and 0.12, respectively. Trophosomes of Riftia pachyptila (EPR 9˚50'N) from medium- (33 µM) and low- (4 µM) sulfide vents had ratios of 0.23 and 0.20, respectively (not significantly different). Ridgeia piscesae vestimentiferans (Juan de Fuca Ridge) have very different phenotypes at high- and low-sulfide sites, and their trophosomes had the greatest differences: 0.81 and 0.04 ratios from high- and low-sulfide sites, respectively. Thus Th/[H+Th] may indicate sulfide exposure levels within species, but not in interspecies comparisons, possibly due to phylogenetic and metabolic differences. Total H+Th was constant within each species (except in R. piscesae); the sum may indicate the maximum potential sulfide load that a species faces.


The concentrations of free nucleotides in acid extracts from yeast, which had adsorbed phosphate under anerobic conditdons, and from growing and sporulating yeasts were determined with the help of chromatography on basie ion exchangers. In both cases, characteristic variations are shown with respect to the concentrations of free nucleotides dn acid extraets from yeasts grown under other conditions. In the anerobic yeast enriched wdth phosphate, considerably greater masses of polyphosphorylated nucleotides were found than elsewhere. (tr- auth)


Most of the studies of the effects of urbanisation on flood hydrology have used data from temperate climates and for styles of urban development typical of Australia, USA or Europe. Recent studies in a rapidly-urbanising South-East Asian city, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, indicate that the impacts of urbanisation on flood hydrology can be much more significant than has been found in temperate climates. The mean annual flood peak in the centre of Kuala Lumpur appears to have increased by a factor of three over two decades, and large investments in flood mitigation works have not provided the intended level of protection. Increases in flood peaks are linked to reduction of the previously high levels of infiltration and pond storage as a result of urbanisation, combined with channel lining that increases velocities and produces peakier floods. Sedimentation of channels as a result of erosion during land development exacerbates flood impacts. Flood mitigation storage within water supply dams upstream of the city provides little benefit because runoff from the upper forested catchments would contribute little to flood peaks in the city.


Attaining in situ data from planets in our solar system is an extremely difficult undertaking. Decades of planning go into designing missions, and careful consideration is made for what measurements should be made to yield the greatest scientific gain, and to make the cost and risks worthwhile. NASA's Galileo mission, whose detailed planning began in 1970s, studied the Jovian system from 1995 to 2003. The Galileo entry probe was released from the main spacecraft, and plummeted into Jupiter's atmosphere at 48 km/s on December 7, 1995. The data that was returned on the abundances of atoms and molecules in the planet's atmosphere are unique constraints on our quantitative understanding of the interior structure, thermal evolution, and formation of the planet. Since Jupiter is our prototype giant planet, in a class that now numbers nearly 300 "gas giants" in other planetary systems, this data is even more valuable than it was 15 years ago. In a recent work in Physical Review Letters[1], Hugh Wilson and Burkhard Militzer from the University of California at Berkeley, US, have used an ab initio calculation of the mixing properties of noble gases under extreme conditions to explain one of the more curious measurements from the Galileo probe—the low abundances of the two lightest noble gases.


PPG-derived heart rate (HR) estimation has been widely used in wearable intelligent devices and provides a convenient way to monitor cardiac conditions in daily life. However, HR estimation of PPG signals disturbed by motion artifact (MA) remains hampered. Recently, some end-to-end neural network methodologies have been reported to successfully realize accurate HR estimation from MA-induced PPG, but with significantly increased computational complexity, posing challenges to real-time performance and low power consumption. In this work, an HR estimation AI processor is proposed. Several techniques have been proposed to achieve both ultra-low power consumption and high HR estimation accuracy. Verified using FPGA and implemented with a 55nm CMOS process technology, the proposed design consumes low energy (90.0 µJ), while achieving the lowest MAE of 3.45±2.31 bpm compared with other existing designs. The processor is suitable to be integrated into energy-constrained wearable health monitoring devices for ultralow power and high-accuracy HR estimation.


Abstract:Amy Lew and Betty Lou Bettner developed the Crucial Cs model from the work of Alfred Adler and Rudolf Dreikurs. The Crucial Cs have been a valuable, accessible, and widely used resource for parents and teachers looking to understand and help shape children's behavior. The author sets forth to discuss the effectiveness of the Crucial Cs model in case conceptualization and practice.


Infiltration of effluent into the Santa Cruz River channel from water-treatment plants near Tucson, Arizona was studied from March 23, 1990, to September 30, 1993. The study reach extended along a 23-mile stream reach from the water-treatment plants, about 5 miles northwest of central Tucson, downstream to Trico Road, about 5 miles west of Marana, Arizona. Data indicate that 88.4 to 90.2 percent of the effluent discharged from the two water-treatment plants infiltrated the Santa Cruz River channel. During 1991 93, the volume of effluent discharge that flowed out of the study area was 2,880, 4,120, and 3,320 acre-feet per year, respectively, and the volume of infiltration was 41,890, 43,640, and 45,670 acre-feet per year, respectively. Intermittent rainstorms resulted in high flows that altered the composition, structure, and geometry of the channel bed and may have caused the infiltration to increase to nearly 100 percent. In comparison, variations in evapotranspiration and open-channel evaporation had a minimal effect on the water budget. In the study reach, 3.2 to 3.9 percent of the effluent was lost to evapotranspiration and open-channel evaporation; 6.2 to 8.3 percent flowed through the reach.


City Streets have become space for vehicles, rather than for people. In addition, streets provide the joy of walking and community to people. However, this study proposes to transform the linear Namsan Street in Gim-hae into a cultural theme street that connects to major city areas and provides space for walking, meditation and outdoor activities to its citizens.


Heterotopic pregnancy can be defined as the coexistence of at least two pregnancies in different implantation sites. It's a rare entity, but its diagnosis is becoming more common because of assisted reproduction techniques and ultrasound improvement techniques. The clinical symptoms are also similar to ectopic pregnancy, but a high suspicion index is needed to avoid diagnosis delay and subsequent unfavourable outcomes. This is the case of a 36-year-old female with heterotopic pregnancy who presented with shock symptoms and substantial delay in diagnosis due to socio-political crisis in Haiti at the time. Initial hemoglobin was at 6 g/dl. Transabdominal ultrasound showed an intra-uterine live fetus of 11 weeks 6 days along with a left adnexal mass and free fluid in the Douglas cul-de-sac. She was urgently transferred to the operation room where we performed a left annexectomy through laparotomy. She didn't get blood transfusion due to shortage at the blood bank of the hospital. The patient's post-op and pregnancy course were uneventful until the vaginal birth of her child who is alive and well today. We want to highlight the importance of optimizing healthcare access to the most vulnerable and careful adnexal evaluation. It is also important to reinforce the health system in Haiti to secure prenatal care and blood transfusion for all pregnant women.


Magnetoresistance (MR) reported in some non-magnetic semiconductors particularly silicon has triggered considerable interest owing to the large magnitude of the effect. Here we showed that MR in lightly doped n-Si can be significantly enhanced by introducing a diode in the device and proper design of the carrier path [1]. We designed an MR device whose room-temperature MR ratio reaching 30% at 0.065T and 20000% at 1.2T, respectively, approaching the performance of commercial MR devices. We also realized MR of over 2600% in GaAs and Ge at 1.2T . The MR mechanism of our devices is: The diode helps to establish a transition from low resistance state to high resistance state. At the transition region the small change in magnetic field cause a large change in MR. Because our MR device is based on a conventional Si/semiconductor platform, it should be possible to integrate it with existing Si/semiconductor devices and so aid the development of Si/semiconductor-based magneto-electronics leading to some multifunctional devices made in one single Si/semiconductor chip.


This paper is devoted to the imposition of some chain conditions on groups having a generalized central series. It is also given a characterization of MC-groups with finite abelian section rank: such class of groups is a suitable enlargement of the class of FC-groups. Mathematics Subject Classification: 20F24; 20F14


In this work, we present low temperature magnetic and electronic properties measured on selected Kramers rare-earth oxychlorides REOCl, RE= Nd, Gd, Dy which adopt the PbFCl-type of structure. Prepared powder samples were characterized by means of standard structural, magnetic and electronic methods as X-ray diffraction (300 K), heat capacity (0.3 K - 12 K) and susceptibility measurements (2 K - 300 K, at ambient pressure and hydrostatic pressures up to 0.68 0.01 GPa). Our results indicate new transition to the ordered magnetic state for GdOCl and NdOCl compound at temperatures of 5 K and 1.5 K, respectively. We found small increase of magnetization saturation value of dysprosium oxychloride with an applied hydrostatic pressure, but no remarkable changes occur to antiferromagnetic transition temperature (TN 9.2 K) when a moderate hydrostatic pressure (p 0.68 0.01 GPa) was applied. Observed deviations from the Curie Weiss behavior below 26 K can be caused by the vicinity of the magnetic ordering temperature, or another magnetic effects. The single crystal e xperiments which will solve this opened question are in progress.


The paper introduces a multi-criteria assessment system that can be used for sensory analysis by fuzzy-Eckenrode and fuzzy-TOPSIS methods. Respondents evaluated the sensory characteristics of Cucumis melo (L.), which included aroma, colour, taste, texture, and overall acceptance, after six days of storage. The product was stored under three different temperature conditions: 10°C (B1), 14°C (B2), and room temperature (27–30°C) (B3). The product was also stored at three types of packaging: unpackaged stem (A1), packaged fruit with one layer of banana stem (A2), and packaged fruit with two layers of banana stem (A3). The best result was demonstrated by the Cucumis melo that was stored at 14°C and packaged in a two-layered banana stem (A3B2). Both fuzzy-Eckenrode and fuzzy-TOPSIS method provided an easy, fast, and unambiguous calculation of multi-criteria sensory assessment.


MULTEXT is a European Union project to identify and develop language resources, language-related software, and standards to make the resources maximally usable. MULTEXT-EAST is a spinoff project to develop significant resources for six Central and Eastern European (CEE) languages (Bulgarian, Czech, Estonian, Hungarian, Romanian, Slovenian) and adapt existing tools and standards to them. MULTEXT has developed a corpus encoding standard (CES), and MULTEXT-EAST is applying it to texts in the six languages. This has led to major revision of the CES, particularly to accommodate additional character sets. MULTEXT-EAST is building an annotated multilingual corpus composed of materials comparable to MULTEXT's, including: (1) at least 100,000 words of fiction and newspaper text in each of the CEE languages; (2) parallel translations of the same fictional text; and (3) a small corpus of spoken texts in each language. MULTEXT-EAST has adapted and extended MULTEXT language-dependent materials (lexicons, morphological rules, etc.) for its six languages. Guidelines for linguistic software development are also in progress. A list of participating organizations is appended.


A luggage floor box of a vehicle is provided to prevent vibration or noise of luggage by arranging board members on a luggage accommodation unit. A luggage floor box of a vehicle, includes a luggage accommodation unit(20) and one or more partition members(21). The luggage accommodation unit is recessed downwardly from a rear portion of a floor panel(10) so as to form a luggage receiving space. The partition members are arranged in the luggage accommodation unit in a lengthwise direction so as to divide the luggage receiving space into a plurality of sections. A center seat(30) mounted on the floor panel is accommodated into the luggage accommodation unit through a folding and diving system.


Stress is a fact of everyday life. A situation, a thought or an unfavorable circumstance at workplace in particular act as an active catalyst for increasing the level of stress. In small quantities stress is good; however too much, or a strong response to stress can be harmful. Implications for the quality and efficacy of the health care an organization provides have been a particular focus of investigations on stress and burnouts, both generally and specifically with regard to workplace bullying and psychological aggression. Studies have proved that stress and burnout are strongly linked to suboptimal patient care. Stress related attrition continues to contribute to the reduced level of job satisfaction among the nurses .This paper aims to contribute to the field of research which reveals that the level of stress among the nursing fraternity has a negative impact on job satisfaction. More the level of stress, lesser is the nurses moral, motivation and efficiency.


Based on The City Economy.The risk stays at periods and fields in development of new industry which has strategic leads for Economy,the has risks from government,techenology,investment,application and socoety,the risks can be avoided by behalf balanacing via regulation of behaviors of government,enterprises and society.The cause of these risks from imbalance between supply and demand of interests related parties in IOT Industry development process.The mind for avoiding risk in IOT Industry development is that to regard IOT Industry development and urban economic development as supply and demand,to eliminate the imbalance between supply and demand and make IOT to serve social ang economic development.Start from the balance of interests related parties,the main way is pointed that is reasonable of actions about government,enterprises and the public.These actions are same important in IOT Industry development,they have influencing each other and do actions together,so that systematicness and pertinency are unified in countermeasures.


In the study of institutionalization in authoritarian regimes, the cryptic anticorruption institutions active in non-democratic governance are often understudied. This is largely due to the opaque intra-regime disciplinary inspection process associated with extralegal detentions, as well as the sub-rosa nature of corruption activities. Through research on the institutional implications of Xi Jinping's ongoing anti-corruption campaign, a vital effort for his power consolidation, this article aims to explain the 'authoritarian resilience' of the Communist Party of China (CPC). Based on analysis of the evolution of the CPC's anti-corruption effort in the reform era, focused on the comparison of Xi Jinping and Hu Jintao's respective anti-corruption drives and of institutional flaws in the CPC bureaucracy that stoke high-stakes corruption, the article discusses different institutional imperatives that the top leadership needs to address in a range of political contexts. It also assesses the extent to which the new methods adopted by Xi's graft-busters have been effective in addressing these challenges.


Taking the advantage of computer SPP parallel communication interface, a data picking board is devised, which can apply on the spot measuring and picking for agricultural machinery product. This board can achieve data picking independently and make basis for automation of agricultural machinery product measuring process as well as data transaction and analysis.


In order to realize the "politics construction and political system reform" tasks forwarded in the Sixteenth Party' s Congress, on the precondition of sticking to the unity of the party' s leadership, people' s rule to the country and the legally managing state affairs, the key point is "to emphasize the strengthening of the system construction; the joint point is "to advance the socialist democratic political construction"; the core point about inner-party democracy construction has important demonstration and leading role to people democracy ".


The present invention discloses a visual target detection and labeling method. The method includes: an image inputting step, to input an image to be detected; a candidate region extracting step, to extract a candidate window as the candidate region from the image to be detected using selectively search algorithm; a feature description extracting step, to perform feature description on the candidate region using a pre-trained large-scale convolutional neural network and output the feature description of the candidate region; a visual target predicting step, to predict the candidate region based on the feature description of the candidate region using a pre-trained object detection module, to estimate regions having the visual target; and a position labeling step, to labeling the position of the visual target according to the estimated result. Experiments show that, compared with the mainstream week supervision visual target detection and labeling method, the present invention has a stronger ability to excavate positive samples and a more general application prospect, and is suitable for visual target detection and automatic labeling tasks on the large-scale data set.


Since the early days of the Internet (Arpanet in 1970), the topic of Routing Protocol Convergence Time (time required to detect and reroute traffic in order to handle a link/node failure) has been a topof-mind issue. A number of protocols and technologies have been developed and deployed at a large scale with the objective of improving overall network reliability. Although such approaches have dramatically evolved, they all rely on a reactive approach: upon detecting a network failure, the traffic is rerouted onto an alternative path. In contrast, a proactive approach would rely on a different paradigm consisting in rerouting traffic before the occurrence of a predicted failure onto an alternate path that meets application Service Level Agreement (SLA) requirements.


Recently, plenoptic image has attracted great attentions because of its applications in various scenarios. However, high resolution and special pixel distribution structure bring huge challenges to its storage and transmission. In order to adapt compression to the structural characteristic of plenoptic image, in this paper, we propose a Data Structure Adaptive 3D-convolutional(DSA-3D) autoencoder. The DSA-3D autoencoder enables up-sampling and down-samping the sub-aperture sequence along the angular resolution or spatial resolution, thereby avoiding the artifacts caused by directly compressing plenoptic image and achieving better compression efficiency. In addition, we propose a special and efficient Square rearrangement to generate sub-aperture sequence. We compare Square with Zigzag sub-aperture sequence rearrangements, and analyzed the compression efficiency of block image compression and whole image compression. Compared with traditional hybrid encoders HEVC, JPEG2000 and JPEG PLENO(WaSP), the proposed DSA-3D(Square) autoencoder achieves a superior performance in terms of PSNR metrics.


The magnetic phase diagram of Cr100-xOsx exhibits a triple point at TL = 315 K and xL = 0.14, where the incommensurate (I) spin-density-wave (SDW), commensurate (C) SDW and paramagnetic (P) phases coexist. Previous studies focused on measurements around the triple point and concentrations up to x = 2. The possible merits of an investigation into the magnetic phase diagram of Cr-Os specifically at high diluent concentrations should be considered against the background of other Cr alloys with group-8 diluents, such as those of Cr-Re and Cr-Ru. These alloys show interesting features for x >> xL, such as superconducting properties and quantum critical behaviour. Thus, in order to initiate similar studies a polycrystalline Cr100-xOsx alloy series with 2 < x < 22 were prepared and characterized using scanning electron microscopy, electron microprobe analysis and X-ray diffraction. Electrical resistivity (ρ) and magnetization (M) measurements as a function of temperature (T) were done in the temperature range of 2 K < T < 1100 K. These results were used to obtain the Néel transition temperatures (TN) of the various alloys and to map out the magnetic phase diagram of the Cr100-xOsx alloy system for x > 2.


Accessory device according to one embodiment of the article and wherein the first member is to cover the entire surface of the electronic device to the first member, second member, third member, the fourth member, the fifth member are connected to enable mutual rotation can be provided so that the second member is arranged to hold is provided so as to be locked with the electronic device, and the third member, the fourth member, the fifth member is different from the mounting angle of the electronic device according to the folding angle It can be. In addition, various embodiments can be identified through the specification.


Aim To abtain the optimum operation conditions in technical process for extracting ginkgolic flavoniods from the testa of Ginkgo biloba L. Methods The technical process for extracting ginkgolic flavoniods from the testa by ultrasonitor was studied and HPLC was adopted to determine the products .Results It was time and labour-saving, convenient and with high efficiency compared with traditional methods.Conclusion The ratio of 70% ethanol to the testa of Ginkgo biloba L. is 8∶1 and the ultrasonic extracting time is 30 minutes. The concentration of the ethanol has the greatest affect to the extraction process.


Sir John Ball talks to renowned mathematician and Bath Professor, Edward Fraenkel, about his life and distinguished career spanning over 70 years.


It is of great improtance to develop vigorously Chinese timed-stores.The development of Shanxi timed-stores needs synthetical stretegy,which means the creation of the first-class circumstance of management,the innovation of management system,the synthetical construction of enterprise culture and the synthetical supporting system.The timed-stores must have their own research of managing plans,which involves the re-position of the consumers,the promotion of the marketing communication system and carrying out the system of brand managers.


Research objective was to analyze the effect of social capital in the application of integrated crop management on rice production. The study population was a farmer group in Sumber District that implemented a farmer field school on integrated crop management. Purposive random sampling was used to determine respondents. There were 318 respondents in this study. Questionnaire was used to collect data. Path analysis was used for data analysis. Social capital had a significant effect on farmers' knowledge among farmers in Sumber District, Rembang. Social capital also had significant effect on farmers' perceptions in the application of integrated crop management on rice production. Moreover, social capital had a significant and direct positive effect on adoption in the application of integrated crop management on rice production.


Due to expanding global supply chain network, some of the giant organizations are encouraging their supplier"s i.e. small and medium enterprises (SMEs) to adopt Six sigma in order to improve product and process quality for gaining competitive advantage. Earlier studies have shown that SMEs face issues for implementation of Six sigma. This study identified the factors affecting implementation of Six sigma identified through a literature review of 70 journals. The factors identified are awareness, training, management support and commitment, organization culture and resource constraints. A survey of SME professionals was performed to check the influence of the above factors on Six sigma implementation. For analysing the response data and constructing structure equation model, ADANCO 1.1.1 software tool has been used. The result shows that SMEs are aware about the Six sigma, however, there is lack of management support and commitment. Organization culture is most significant factors affecting implementation of Six sigma, followed by resource constraints and training.


Concealed maltreatment towards the elders became extraordinarily recurrent in various types of media discourse. This paper brings to focus the impoliteness inflicted upon elders in media discourse with the aim of satisfying viewers and stimulating a humorous effect. After providing a review of the literature on impoliteness and humour, the paper adopts Culpeper's (2003) framework for Impoliteness along with Dynel's (2013) framework for disaffiliative humour. The purpose of the study is to identify the impoliteness strategies employed in the media extracts where elders are involved. It aims to investigate the communicative strategies used to promote impoliteness and generate humour. The negative portrayal of the elders in some media discourses is related to assumptions regarding their lifespan and lifestyles.


C3H and C3H backcross mice were given repeated injections of preparations from strain-specific or strain-related mammary tumors of recent spontaneous origin together with Freund's adjuvant. The effect of the course of injections on spontaneous mammary tumor development was studied. Pretreatment with mammary tumor tissue did not lead to a significant reduction in spontaneous mammary tumor incidence, did not delay age of tumor onset or prolong survival time following onset of tumors. On the contrary, administration of tumor tissue led to a significant reduction in the age at which spontaneous mammary tumors occurred and to a reduced survival time of the tumorous animals. Freund's adjuvant alone was without effect on either cancer incidence, cancer age, survival time, or survival time following onset of tumors. The data are discussed in the light of the possibility that auto-immune or enhancement phenomena may contribute significantly to tumor development.


One way to reduce receiving coil noise in MRI scans is using non-resistive high-temperature superconducting (HTS) coils. They show advantages of much lower cost and easier fabrication over HTS thin film coils. In this work, we built a 200 mm in diameter Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3Ox (Bi-2223) tape HTS RF coil and demonstrated that the SNR of using the HTS tape coil was 2.22 folds higher than that of the traditional copper coil for a phantom MR study. Test results were in agreement with predictions, and the error of predicted SNR gains and measured SNR gains is about 0.9%. The HTS coil can be expected to generate higher SNR gain after optimization. In the future, in-vivo experiments will be conducted to farther test the capability of the HTS tape coil. Further applications functional MRI is under investigation to test the power of this HTSC system in our 3T system


Over the last decade, numerous studies have demonstrated fundamental importance of tandem repeat proteins (TRP) in many biological processes (Andrade, Perez-Iratxeta, and Ponting 2001). Repeat proteins are a widespread class of non-globular proteins carrying heterogeneous functions involved in several diseases. One of the most frequent problems in the study of biology is the functional characterization of a protein. This problem is usually solved by analyzing the three-dimensional (3D) structure. The experimental determination of the 3D structure is time consuming and technically difficult. For this reason structure prediction by homology modeling offers a fast alternative to experimental approaches. However homology modeling is not feasible for tandem repeat proteins because it is difficult to infer homology due to a high degree of sequence degeneration. In this thesis, I focused on algorithms oriented toward repeat unit prediction, and characterization. I developed an innovative approach, Repeat Protein Unit Predictor (ReUPred), for fast automatic prediction of repeat units and repeat classification, exploiting a Structure Repeat Unit Library (SRUL) derived from RepeatsDB, the core database of TRP. ReUPred is based on the Victor C++ library, an open source platform dedicated to protein structure manipulation. To prove the accuracy of the predictor, we ran it against all the entries in the PDB database and the resulting predictions allowed us to improve and increase RepeatsDB annotation twenty times. During my PhD I have integrated ReUPred prediction into the new version of RepeatsDB (release 2.0) that now features information on start and end positions for the repeat regions and units for all entries. The updated web interface includes a new search engine for complex queries and a fully re-designed entry page for a better overview of structural data. To further improve RepeatsDB quality we decided to provide a finer classification at the subclass level based on the structural conformation of the repeated units. We hypothesized that inside these ensembles it is possible to find subgroups of proteins sharing the same unit type. To prove it, we performed a detailed structural analysis. We created a network where nodes are the units and arcs represent structural similarity. The network can be partitioned in 7 different clusters. For each cluster, it was possible to create a Hidden Markov Model similar to those representing Pfam domains. This analysis is an unpublished work but it already helped to improve ReUPred accuracy and RepeatsDB annotation. To summarize, this work is a partial answer to the problems of TRP modeling and might be helpful during future investigations such as drug design and disease studies.


China and India have grown rapidly in importance in the global economy over the past two decades the same period in which hardware and software have become important tradable products in the global economy. China has reached global scale in the hardware industry but not in software; India has achieved the reverse. These recent developments offer new insights into the ways in which new industries can take root and flourish within the broader context of developing economies. This progress has attracted widespread comment, most of it anecdotal or based on partial explanations of industrial growth. This study seeks to provide a fuller explanation based on an empirical analysis of the macro and micro underpinnings of these contrasting growth stories. In doing so, the study sheds a broader light on the economic development paths that China and India have taken since 1990, and also on the process by which developing economies can enter and succeed in new markets.


The Maximum Permissible Exposure (MPE) is central to laser hazard analysis and is in general a function of the radiant wavelength. The selection of a laser for a particular application may allow for flexibility in the selection of the radiant wavelength. This flexibility would allow the selection of a particular laser based on the MPE and the hazards associated with that radiant wavelength. The Calculations of the MPEs for various laser wavelength ranges are presented. Techniques for determining eye safe viewing distances for both aided and unaided viewing and the determination of flight hazard distances are presented as well.


The in vivo metabolism of D-[U-14C]glucosamine and the in vitro properties of glucosamine acetyltransferase (EC 22.214.171.124), the first committed enzyme in the metabolism of exogenously supplied D-glucosamine, were studied in coleoptile segments of Avena sativa L. cv. Sole II. D-[U-14C]glucosamine was taken up by oat coleoptile segments and sequentially metabolised to radioactive N-acetylglucosamine, N-acetylglucosamine 6-P, N-acetylglucosamine 1-P, UDP-N-acetylglucosamine and UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine. In addition, N-acetylglucosamine residues were incorporated into glycoproteins and glycolipids of the cells. All glucosamine acetyltransferase activity was found to be membrane-bound. The enzyme was solubilized by either digitonin or CHAPS. The specificities and the kinetics of the membrane-bound and soluble glucosamine acetyltransferase were determined. The effects of ions, nucleotides, nucleoside diphosphate amino sugars, coenzymes and group-specific chemical probes on the rate of membrane-bound and CHAPS-solubilized enzyme were investigated. Our data indicate that UDP-N-acetylglucosamine and UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine do not exert a feed-back control on the glucosamine acetyltransferase either in vivo or in vitro. Further, some nucleotides and the metal ions Cu2+, Zn2+, Fe2+, Fe3+ and Co2+ affect the activity of the enzyme in vitro.


Out-of-pocket expenses in healthcare show the level of direct payments by individuals paying for the healthcare services that are not covered by the insurance. In the Republic of Serbia, high level of out-of-pocket expenses is present considering dominant Bismarck model of healthcare system and level of user income. Previous research shows the significant impact of the socio-economic and healthcare system indicators afecting out-of-pocket expenses. The objective is to perform a cross-sectional analysis of the economic, healthcare, and demographic variables impact on the out-of-pocket expenses. We use quantitative methods of analysis of data collected for the data time frame from 20002018. Results show a high impact of the 7 out of 13 factors we explored.


Urban growth is discussed according to the impact of size on metric and topological space syntax measures that describe street networks. The quantitative analysis of three historical stages of cities on the Adriatic and Ionian coastline is supported by a unique database of historical maps and axial map representations. The empirical evidence demonstrates strong and significant allometric relationships of total length of lines to the area of urbanized territory, and total length, total connectivity, overall depth, total choice (betweenness), and total depth entropy to axial map size. In this paper allometric equations are derived for the measures and it is shown that comparative analysis based on means of measures traditionally used in space syntax does not comply with the observed ontogenetic relationships. The allometric trends of length to area and of connectivity to network size are shown to have sublinear scaling exponents, whereas allometric relationships of length, depth, choice, and entropy to network size are expressed with superlinear exponents. The comparison among three historical stages shows that allometry of depth to axial map size maintains statistical equivalence at the ontogenetic scale that transcends various types of street patterns, growth models, and physiographic conditions. In contrast, allometric relationships of depth, choice, and entropy to size reveal distinct universality classes between cities on the Italian and Balkan coasts, and between cities with and without gridiron street patterns.


Alkeneselenolate and alkenetellurolate ions were generated by treating ketone p-toluenesulfonylhydrazones possessing an α-methylene or an α-methine group with t-BuOK and elemental selenium or tellurium, respectively, at 110-150 °C, and were converted into dialkenyl dichalcogenides by aerobic oxidation.


The spatial autocorrelation (SPAC) method requires a special circular array where several observation points are equally spaced on the circumference. In order to look for the possibility of developping a new method of array observation with fewer restriction of arrangement than the SPAC method, we proposed a formula of the complex coherence function (CCF) of the Rayleigh wave measured on a couple of observation points located at any place. This formula was derived on the basis of an analytical solution of Lamb's problem, aiming to study the relation between wave source and observation point. The formula was given as simple discrete representation consisting of the Bessel function of the first kind of zero order J0 (kr) (k: wavenumber, r: radius of array) and an infinite series with higher-order Bessel functions. In the SPAC method, by regarding the SPAC coefficient from directional average of CCFs (real part) as J0 (kr), phase velocities of Rayleigh waves (wave number k) are calculated.We first studied the relationship between the values of CCF and wave sources located far from a couple of observation points, and found that the values of CCF strongly varies depending on the direction with increase in kr, and also found that such directional properties were mainly caused by the variation of the infinite series in the formula of CCF. Furthermore, we applied the formula to the SPAC method for revealing the mechanism of the directional average and the reason why the SPAC method requires the special circular array with sensors equally spaced on a circle. The results are summarized as follows: 1) The values of the infinite series gets lower enough to be negligible after the directional average of CCFs, so that the SPAC coefficient can be approximated to J0 (kr). 2) From the inverse analysis on the condition that the values of the infinite series is equal to zero, it was found that the condition was satisfied not only in the usual SPAC arrays but also in some extra circular arrays consisting of observation points not equally spaced on the circumference.This result suggests the possibility of array design with fewer restriction of arrangement of observation points, using a new algorithm for obtaining J0 (kr) without the operation of directional average used in the SPAC method.


We report an ingenious, low-temperature process platform for the fabrication of high-performance RF poly-Si TFTs with cut-off frequency $(f_{\mathrm{T}})$ of 63.6 GHz and maximum oscillation frequency $(f_{\max})$ of 30 GHz, the highest values ever reported in poly-Si devices. The superior RF performance is achieved by an exquisite combination of large-grain poly-Si channel, T-shaped gate, sidewall air-spacers, and silicide electrodes, using nanosecond-pulsed green laser anneal, high etching selectivity, novel silicidation process by design, and microwave annealing for S/D dopant activation. Our reported poly-Si TFTs are a strong competitor against standard $0.35\mu \mathrm{r}$ SOI CMOS devices, enabling a viable, cost-effective approach for a vast landscape of IoT and More-than-Moore applications.


The paper studies the India's collaboration with Middle East countries in S&T during the period 1996–2000, using the co-authored publications output as the base. The collaboration is under two broad streams, bilateral and multilateral. The study analyses the co-authored papers by main fields and sub-fields and the impact of such collaboration in different fields of S&T. The paper identifies the major institutions involved in collaborative research in the two countries. The study reveals the extent of commonality of subject interests between India and Middle East countries.


Performance feature of Tencel fiber are introduced,production practice and technological measures of pure Tencel yarn and blended yarn about Tencel and Cotton fiber are introduced too.


Objective We evaluated atrial fibrillation (AF) patients' perceptions of anticoagulation treatment with dabigatran or a vitamin K antagonist (VKA) for stroke prevention, according to accepted indications. Methods The RE-SONANCE observational, prospective, multicentre, international study used the validated Perception on Anticoagulant Treatment Questionnaire (PACT-Q) to assess patients with AF already taking a VKA who were switched to dabigatran (cohort A), and newly diagnosed patients initiated on either dabigatran or a VKA (cohort B). Visit 1 (V1) was at baseline, and visit 2 (V2) and visit 3 (V3) were at 30–45 and 150–210 days after baseline, respectively. Primary outcomes were treatment satisfaction and convenience in cohort A at V2 and V3 versus baseline, and in cohort B for dabigatran and a VKA at V2 and V3. Results The main analysis set comprised 4100 patients in cohort A and 5365 in cohort B (dabigatran: 3179; VKA: 2186). In cohort A, PACT-Q2 improved significantly (p<0.001 for all) for treatment convenience (mean change V1 vs V2=20.72; SD=21.50; V1 vs V3=24.54; SD=22.85) and treatment satisfaction (mean change V1 vs V2=17.60; SD=18.76; V1 vs V3=21.04; SD=20.24). In cohort B, mean PACT-Q2 scores at V2 and V3 were significantly higher (p<0.001 for all) for dabigatran versus a VKA for treatment convenience (V2=18.38; SE =0.51; V3=23.34; SE=0.51) and satisfaction (V2=15.88; SE=0.39; V3=19.01; SE=0.41). Conclusions Switching to dabigatran from long-term VKA therapy or newly initiated dabigatran is associated with improved patient treatment convenience and satisfaction compared with VKA therapy.


During epidemiological survey for phytoplasmas in association with agricultural crops in India, a new species of common weed has been detected to harbor phytoplasmas in India. In 2012, many samples of D.stramonium (FamilySolenacae ), commonly known as thorn apple weed were sampled, collected from different adjoining areas of Gorakhpur districts and identification for phytoplasma, Nested polymerase chain reaction analysis using primers specific to the phytoplasma 16SrDNA gene showed samples of D. stramonium to be positive. Digestion of amplified 16SrDNA fragments with endonuclease Mse I identified the same pattern as the one of a reference strain of tomato big bud belonging to the 16SrII ribosomal group. Sequence obtained from the PCR product associated with infected D. stramonium was submitted to BLAST analysis which showed a 99% similarity with reference strain of D. stramonium witche's' broom from India, belonging to Clover leaf Proliferation (16SrVI) subgroup.


We discuss a new class of nonlinear absorbers termed Plasmonic Parametric Absorbers (PPA) relying on the recently introduced concept of Plasmonic Parametric Resonance (PPR). In contrast with conventional localized plasmonic resonances, whereby modes are excited directly by an external field of frequency and spatial profile matching those of a given mode of the plasmonic particle, PPR is a form of amplification in which a pump field transfers energy to a mode in an indirect fashion. In PPR in fact the modes of a plasmonic structure are amplified by means of a temporal permittivity modulation of the background medium interacting with an appropriate pump field. Such permittivity variation translates into a modulation of the modal resonant frequency, and under specific conditions amplification can occur. Among the unique characteristics of PPR is the possibility of accessing modes of arbitrarily high order with a simple spatially uniform pump, provided that such pump exceeds a certain intensity threshold. It is such threshold behavior that can lead to PPAs, a type of nonlinear metamaterial absorber with rather unique properties. PPAs exhibit a reverse saturable absorption behavior whereby an incident field that is parametrically resonant with one or more of the modes of a plasmonic particle experiences a strongly enhanced absorption whenever its intensity exceeds the relevant PPR threshold. Such effect makes PPAs very promising candidates for optical limiting applications, in addition of being of fundamental interest in the emerging field of nonlinear plasmonics.


BACKGROUND: Preservation of the integrity of viral nucleic acids in blood specimens during shipping and handling is crucial for NAT and viral load monitoring. An economical and convenient method is described for nucleic acid stabilization by using an RNA stabilizing solution (RNAlater, Ambion) in plasma that is designed for the shipment of samples to tropical countries.


Abstract : Under the sponsorship of the Office of Naval Research, the first joint USA-China Conference on Shallow-Water Acoustics was held In December 1995 at the Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA. The conference objective was to identify and discuss the outstanding research topics in shallow-water acoustics which are of common interest of both countries and which might form the basis for a collaborative field program in the seas of China. Participants included acoustilians and oceanographers from both countries, specializing In shallow-water acoustics and coastal ocean monitoring. This report summarizes the tutorial presentations, the deliberations of the working groups, and a plan of action recommended collectively by all the participants.


A new AC/AC power converter topology based on zero current switching is proposed to reduce switching losses. The topology enables pulse width modulation (PWM) control. The scheme implements "peak-limiting" of resonant current by a simple diode clamp and does not use dedicated devices for the start-up. Improved switch utilization and reduced part-count could be cited as the merits of the topology. It is experimentally verified that the current pulses could be controlled to achieve constant V/F operation. A mode controller which controls input line currents is introduced and digitally verified.


It was originally planned that the base, which was situated in Dronning Maud Land in lat. 71° 6' S., long. 10° 58' W., should consist of three large and one small huts: Large hut 1. Accommodation for eight men, radio office, dark room and sick-bay. Large hut 2. Accommodation for six men, kitchen and mess. Large hut 3. Workshop, meteorological office and laboratories. Small hut. Two Diesel generators.


The results of the constitutional referendum in Belarus that cleared the way for prolonging the rule of the country's current leader, Alexander Lukashenko, after 2006 when his present term in office will expire, were extremely important in the Russian context. On that day, October 17, 2004, one more challenge to the Russian policy in the Western NIS and to the assumption that Moscow can block undesired actions in the area was revealed.


[Purpose/Significance] To provide reference and enlightenment for the research of academia and industry, this article aims at the digitization and data cognition problems faced by intelligence work in the data age, as well as the concept of data intelligence, and proposes the concept of intelligence intelligence. [Method/Process] Analyze the existing literature using the literature analysis method, propose and draw the working principle diagram of the intelligent information center, and establish the intelligent information center model based on big data. [Result/Conclusion] Provides a new research direction for the development of intelligence services under the background of big data.


In this issue of the Journal, Qvarnstrom et al. [1] describe the development of a species-specific real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay that identifies a freeliving amoeba of the genus Sappinia, newly discovered to be a pathogen of the human central nervous system (CNS). Previously, species from 3 genera of freeliving amoebae had been associated with human infections [2– 6]. Naegleria fowleri causes primary amoebic meningoencephalitis, a rapidly fatal hemorrhagic necrotizing infection of the CNS, which generally occurs in previously healthy children and young adults with a history of swimming and other recreational activities in warm freshwater lakes and ponds [2, 6]. Several species of Acanthamoeba cause granulomatous amoebic encephalitis (GAE), a chronic fatal disease of the CNS that is more commonly associated with immunocompromised states, particularly in patients who have undergone organ transplants, HIV-positive individuals, and individuals undergoing chemotherapy for cancer [3–5, 7]. Balamuthia mandrillaris can also cause GAE [3]. Acanthamoeba and B. mandrillaris can also infect sites other than the CNS, causing pulmonary and cutaneous lesions [3–5]. Acanthamoeba can cause sightthreatening keratitis in immunocompetent individuals and is often associated with contact lens wear [4, 8]. These freeliving amoebae feed on bacteria and other microorganisms in the environment and are widely distributed in soil and water habitats. They also have been isolated from domestic water supplies, wells, dental irrigation units, hospital water supplies, and air conditioning units [4, 9 –13]. In addition to causing serious infections, free-living amoebae also may serve as reservoirs in the environment for pathogenic bacteria such as Legionella pneumophila and Mycobacterium avium [14, 15]. Exposure to free-living amoebae appears to be common, since studies have shown that serum samples from adult humans contain antibodies to N. fowleri, Acanthamoeba species, and B. mandrillaris [16 –18]. However, it is not known why disease occurs in some individuals but not in others. The dose and strain of amoebae to which an individual is exposed may be factors involved in susceptibility. Defects in the host's innate or acquired immunity may also play roles in susceptibility to infection [3, 5, 6]. In 2001, Gelman et al. [19] described a nonfatal case of amoebic encephalitis that was attributed to a free-living amoeba that had not previously been associated with human disease. A previously healthy, 38-year-old, immunocompetent male presented with a history of nausea, vomiting, headache, loss of consciousness, and photophobia following a sinus infection. Brain images produced by magnetic resonance imaging showed a solitary mass in the temporal lobe. Microscopic examination of the excised lesion revealed the presence of amoebic trophozoites that contained 2 apposed nuclei, a morphologic feature of the free-living amoeba Sappinia diploidea. Immunofluorescence microscopy that used antibodies to N. fowleri, Acanthamoeba species, and B. mandrillaris excluded these agents as the cause of the infection. The patient survived the infection after treatment with a combination of azithromycin, pentamidine, itraconazole, and flucytosine. Further characterization was not undertaken because live amoebae were not recovered from the patient. Neither were amoebae isolated from cerebrospinal fluid or biopsy tissue samples. Thus, on the basis of morphologic criteria, immunofluorescence assessment, and a nonfatal patient outcome, the CNS infection was attributed to S. diploidea [19, 20]. Identification of amoebae on the basis of morphological criteria is difficult and unreliable. Acanthamoeba and B. mandrillaris can be difficult to differentiate in tissues because they are similar in structure. Biochemical techniques, such as protein and isoenzyme profiles, have proven useful for distinguishing pathogenic and nonpathogenic species of some freeliving amoebae. Immunological assays that use monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies in conjunction with immunofluoReceived 16 December 2008; accepted 16 December 2008; electronically published 24 March 2009. Potential conflicts of interest: none reported. Financial support: Immunotox Foundation (grant XXX). Reprints or correspondence: Francine Marciano-Cabral, Dept. of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond VA (email@example.com). The Journal of Infectious Diseases 2009; 199: 1104 – 6 © 2009 by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. 0022-1899/2009/19908-0002$15.00 DOI: 10.1086/597474 E D I T O R I A L C O M M E N T A R Y


During the optimization of the TP400D6 turboprop engine (powering A400M military transport aircraft), the mechanical design of the main thrust bearing has proven to be one of the most challenging topics. Main problem of this bearing has been the high misalignment values combined with the high axial load (over 17000 lbs) to which it has been designed. The scope of this paper is to go through the details of the aforementioned misalignment problem focusing on the adopted solution. This is based on deeper understanding of the internal bearing kinematics and the application of the restoring moments in mechanical calculations during the design stage. The restoring moment is the reaction force due to the change in operation contact angle because of the increase in contact pressure of the balls onto the races under a high relative rotation of the inner with respect to the outer race. It is therefore translated into a rotational stiffness function, dependant on the thrust force and misalignment. Although normally the rotational stiffness is not considered in aero engines application since values are not significant due to low value of misalignment, when misalignment is high, restoring moments together with the dependency on the flight thrust condition, must be considered as a mean of improving the analytical model predictions.Copyright © 2006 by ASME


Prizes in Journalism are constituent elements of professional culture that focus indirectly on the News Process Production (Molotch and Lester). Despite the amount of awards issued, they are not much studied as main frame in Communication Research. In this article, there is an effort to overview this subject in 90's, 2000's and 2010's decades, throughout the national territory, in order to raise references to the academic scientists and researchers interested in Journalism Prizes and Awards. The literature review studies deal with prizes for Investigative Journalism, Corporate Journalism and Photojournalism.


Developing multiprocessor systems to implement high performance signal processing algorithms can be a formidable undertaking. A process for designing multiprocessor systems, using primarily programmable processors, is proposed. This design process starts with algorithm entry and analysis, continues with functional decomposition and architecture entry, which are used to drive the algorithm to architecture mapping. The development process then proceeds with a combination of hardware profiling and performance modeling, followed by the visualization of the results. Since the process is iterative, feedback from later steps are often used to make better design choices in earlier steps, allowing the impact of these decisions to be re-evaluated. Ultimately, the user finishes with an implemented system. Each of these steps are described in detail, as well as some of the tools which support them.


Micronucleus (MN) is a biomarker widely used in biomonitoring studies for
 determining the genetic risk associated with exposure to pesticides. The
 purpose of this study was to assess damage to the genetic material of workers
 occupationally exposed to pesticides as detected in micronucleus tests. The
 research included 119 subjects divided into three groups: a control group of
 39 subjects, a group of 40 subjects exposed to pesticides as producers and a
 group of 40 pesticide applicators in the field. A Mann-Whitney U-test
 displayed statistically significant differences between the parameter means
 of all variables, and the control group. Significant differences were
 observed between males involved in pesticide production and application for
 the parameter MN4, then between non-smoking producers and applicators
 regarding parameters MN2, MN3, MN4 and NB, as well as between the control and
 applicator groups for parameter MN2, and between producers and applicators
 for parameter MN3. Spearman's correlation test showed a positive correlation
 between the frequency of micronuclei and age of respondents, as well as their
 smoking habits. A statistically significant difference in relation to
 cytogenetic parameters was detected between the respondents working in
 pesticide production and those working in the field. The results suggest that
 applicators in the field do not use adequate personal protective equipment.
 Regular biological monitoring of workers exposed to pesticides is required.
 [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. TR31043]


Historically, the purpose of farm safety and health educational materials and programs has been to persuade, convince or educate farmers, members of their families, and hired employees to voluntarily engage in safe behavior during farm or nonfarm work activities (Murphy, 1992). Increasingly, authors have noted that traditional farm safety educational programs have been relatively ineffective (Aherin, Murphy, Westaby, 1992). According to Elkind (1993) assumptions that attitudes and behavior change can be accomplished through providing information is rather simplistic and perhaps invalid. Elkind ( 1993) found that among farmers who believed farming was the most hazardous occupation, approximately 90 percent of them would not discourage their children from farming. The generalized knowledge of hazards does not seem to translate into personal concern, on the part of farmers, for their own individual well being.


This paper presents a techno-economic analysis of a 168 kWp photovoltaic (PV) plant installed on the rooftop of the Polytechnic University of Tirana, Albania. The goal is to determine the optimal design and sizing of the PV plant, considering energy cost, PV power generation, and the regulatory framework, among others. The case study shows that the amortization period for the monthly net-metering compensation scheme (currently in place) is 3.9 years. However, if a yearly compensation method is used, this period decreases to 3.5 years. These figures are significantly lower compared to, for example, hydropower plants (around 7 years). Furthermore, it is shown that PV production is higher than consumption for three months in summer, and there is a significant energy surplus. Thus, we conclude that the main barriers to the PV market's large-scale deployment in Albania are regulatory barriers and not technical and/or economic.


In this paper, the synchronization of chaotic systems with structure or parameters difference is discussed. An extended system is formed based on the extended state observer (ESO), and the states of this system are estimated mining the information wrapped in observable synchronizing error. Then a practicable controller is provided using these estimated states to synchronizing systems with uncertainties such as structure difference or parameter mismatching. The numerical simulations are proposed to show the effectiveness of this method.


In the history of Jewish religion for about three thousand years, Judaism changed its characteristics from the religion of sacrifices to the religion of the divine law, the Halakhah in Hebrew. This change has happened in the first two centuries of the Common Era and the new form of Judaism has been called the Rabbinic Judaism or the Normative Judaism. Based upon the covenant with the Supreme God, Jewish sages developed the theories of two mode of revelation of the divine Law, i.e. the Written Torah and the Oral Torah, and compiled the law code named the Mishnah in about 200 CE, which gave rise to the typical Jewish way of life. In this paper the author defined the Rabbinic Judaism as an official religion, analyzed its characteristics and then made clear the collisions which the rabbinic Judaism faced in the modern era beginning with the French Revolution. Bestowed civil rights, Jews became citizens of the modern nation states but this new situation brought forth many problems concerning Jewish identities in the modern world. Two typical responses are analyzed. On the one hand Jews in the western civil society chose to assimilate themselves into the given society but endeavored to keep their identity in reshaping Judaism according to the modern conditions. On the other, some East-European Jews cherished the Zionism and built the new Jewish nation- state and most Oriental Jews came to live in Israel after the nation-state was built. And then the new problems of the Jewish religion and the secular state have emerged.


Network-based clustering methods frequently require the number of communities to be specified a priori. Moreover, most of the existing methods for estimating the number of communities assume the number of communities to be fixed and not scale with the network size n. The few methods that assume the number of communities to increase with the network size n are only valid when the average degree d of a network grows at least as fast as O(n) (i.e., the dense case) or lies within a narrow range. This presents a challenge in clustering large-scale network data, particularly when the average degree d of a network grows slower than the rate of O(n) (i.e., the sparse case). To address this problem, we proposed a new sequential procedure utilizing multiple hypothesis tests and the spectral properties of Erdös Rényi graphs for estimating the number of communities in sparse stochastic block models (SBMs). We prove the consistency of our method for sparse SBMs for a broad range of the sparsity parameter. As a consequence, we discover that our method can estimate the number of communities K ? with K (n) ? increasing at the rate as high as O(n(1−3γ)/(4−3γ)), where d=O(n1−γ). Moreover, we show that our method can be adapted as a stopping rule in estimating the number of communities in binary tree stochastic block models. We benchmark the performance of our method against other competing methods on six reference single-cell RNA sequencing datasets. Finally, we demonstrate the usefulness of our method through numerical simulations and by using it for clustering real single-cell RNA-sequencing datasets.


Sugimori et al.1) reported the presence of a strong cell wall lytic enzyme activity, which could lyse even living yeast cells, in Corticium centrifugum IAM 9028 as a result of screening tests. The enzymes responsible for the lysis of yeast cell wall, however, have not been identified yet in this mold. The present paper describes studies on the additive effect of protease to the heat treated enzyme preparation of C. centrifugum. In this examination, as the protease to be added, pepsin (2xcryst.,Sigma) was used as substitute for the protease of C. centrifugum. As a sample yeast, Lipomyces starkeyi IFO 0678, which is known as a lipid productive yeast, was used, and cultured in a medium consisting of 3% glucose, 1% peptone, 0.3% yeast extract, 0.4% K2HPO4, 0.2 KH2PO4 and 0.025% MgSO4•E7H2O, at 30°C with shak ing. Cells in the stationary phase of growth were harvested by centrifugation, and washed four times with 0.9% NaCl solution. Washed cells were suspended in 0.1M acetate buffer, pH 3.4, to make the optical dencity at 660 run about 1.5. A mixture of 3ml of yeast cell suspension, 0.5ml of enzyme solution and 0.2ml of 0.1M acetate buffer, pH 3.4, was incubated at 30°C with shaking at a rate of 120 times per min. Then the decrease in the optical density of the mixture was measured at 660 nm with time. Reference con tained the same components except 0.5ml of water instead of the enzyme solution. Lytic activity was calculated from the following formula:2) Lytic activity= (OD 660 nm of reference OD 660 nm of reaction mixture)x100xdilution rate / initial OD 660 nm of reference. Lytic activity was also measured by cal culating cell number using a microscope. Protease activity was measured by using casein as substrate.3) C. centrifugum TAM 9028 was cultured as described previously4) in Czapek-Dox medium except that 4% of heat-treated brewer's yeast was used instead of sucrose. The culture filtrate was saturated with solid ammonium sulfate, and left overnight with stirring. The resulting precipitate was collected by centri fugation and dissolved in 0.05 M Tris-HCl buffer, pH 7.1. The solution was desalted by passing through Sephadex G-25 column, which had been equilibrated with the same buffer. The desalted solution was lyo philized, and used as a crude enzyme preparation. The crude enzyme preparation was dissolved in 0.05 M Tris-malate-NaOH buffer, pH 7.0, and incubated at 50°C for 15 min. The heat-treated enzyme prepa ration (H-enzyme) lost 88% of protease activity. After the addition of pepsin to H-enzyme, the de crease in the optical density was measured with time at 660 nm. The amount of the addition of pepsin was made equivalent to that which was lost by heat-treat ment. The result of the additive effect is shown in Fig. 1. No lysis of living yeast cells was detected with


One of the most important elements of river intake is settling basins for water sediment removal. Settling basins play an important role in supplying appropriate water for irrigation networks and power plants. Therefore, it is necessary to design them carefully based on the local conditions. Our objectives were to determine the properties of sediments entering into the intake systems of two pump stations (Golfaraj and Iry-Siah Rud) by sampling the water suspended load in different points of the systems and to investigate the performance of settling basins in Iran. The suspended load samples were taken from sections before and after the settling basins at three depths of 0.2 y, 0.6 y, and 0.8 y (y is the depth of the cross section from the water surface). Evaluating the characteristics of sediments entering into the stations showed that the mean diameter of the sediment particles is 0.0035 mm and 0.002 mm at the transmission canal and suction basins, respectively. Approximately 90% of the sediments entering into the stations have a diameter smaller than 0.03 mm. In high sediment conditions, statistical analyses revealed that there is a significant difference (p<0.05) between the mean cross sectional suspended concentrations, before and after the settling basins. The results indicated that the Golfaraj settling basin, by removing 22.75% of sediments did not have proper performance, as well as the Iry-Siah Rud station. Based on the condition of the stations, we recommend the use of the additional structures such as guide walls with sluiceway, doubled sills, and pre-settling basins and proper designing operation to reduce the problems related to sediment particles. Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE AR-SA /* Style Definitions */
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We dicuss a generalized Gauss-type functional equation of φ_i mean,and generalize the results about the arithmetic mean,geometric mean,harmonic mean and power mean.


We present a selection technique to detect Compton-thick (CT) active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in the 3XMM/SDSS-DR7 cross-correlation. A subsample of 3481 X-ray sources that are detected in the hard band (2-8 keV) and have photometric redshifts constitute our parent sample. We first applied an automated spectral-fitting procedure to select highly absorbed sources (N_H>10^23 cm^-2). We found 184 highly absorbed candidates. Then, we performed the Bayesian Monte Carlo Markov chains (MCMCs) selection technique to find CT AGNs. We also tested the MCMC selection technique by applying Monte Carlo simulations. We found that the method is accurate at 90 percent independently of the nature of the underlying source. Our sample contains 52 bona fide CT AGNs. The CT AGNs were selected to have a range>0.75 of probability of being CT when either fitting with the two models Torus and MYTorus. About 75 percent of CT AGNs in our sample had probabilities>90 percent. From the spectral analysis, we significantly found an anticorrelation between the equivalent width of the neutral Fe K_{\alpha} line and the X-ray luminosity at 2-10 keV, the so-called X-ray Baldwin effect.


In this work, we study the role of water molecules on the polarization processes activated on hyaluronic acid (HA), and gelatin (Gel) hydrogels at rather low hydration levels, by employing mainly broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS) and thermally stimulated depolarization currents (TSDC) technique. Our results suggest that the polarization capability of the hydrogels depends strongly on the water fraction, already at temperatures as low as −90 °C, and that charge (protons) long-range mobility is inevitably related with polarization processes in the biomaterials. The polarizabilty enhances strongly at temperatures above the onset temperature for structural rearrangements and conformational fluctuations in the hydrogels. At temperatures below this critical temperature, the polarizability is related to water secondary relaxation process (ν-process) and to polarization process within ice-like structures of hydration water. These findings imply that polarization effects in biomaterials are strongly affected by contributions due to hydration water (even for traces of water).


Reentry and reunification are key indicators of permanency in the federal Child and Family Services Reviews, and of overall child welfare system functioning. Reunification continues to be the preferred exit when possible; however, any analysis of reunification is incomplete without also determining whether those children later return to foster care. The current federal reentry measure is limited in that it tracks reentry into care for only up to 12 months after reunification. Should gauging the success of maintaining permanent reunification be limited to a 12-month follow-up time frame? Results indicate the importance of reentry analyses that extend beyond 12 months post-reunification.


An effective mesh generation algorithm is proposed to construct mesh representations for arbitrary fractures in 3D rock masses. With the development of advanced imaging techniques, fractures in a rock mass can be clearly captured by a high‐resolution 3D digital image but with a huge data set. To reduce the data size, corresponding mesh substitutes are required in both visualization and numerical analysis. Fractures in rocks are naturally complicated. They may meet at arbitrary angles at junctions, which could derive topological defects, geometric errors or local connectivity flaws on mesh models. A junction weight is proposed and applied to distinguish fracture junctions from surfaces by an adequate threshold. We take account of fracture junctions and generate an initial surface mesh by a simplified centroidal Voronoi diagram. To further repair the initial mesh, an innovative umbrella operation is designed and adopted to correct mesh topology structures and preserve junction geometry features. Constrained with the aforementioned surface mesh of fracture, a tetrahedral mesh is generated and substituted for the 3D image model to be involved in future numerical analysis. Finally, we take two fractured rock samples as application examples to demonstrate the usefulness and capability of the proposed meshing approach. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


This paper provides a brief introduction to statistical mechanics and its relationships to thermodynamics. It goes into a discussion about the probabilistic interpretations of fundamental phenomena.


EZEKIEL, D)AVID H. (Albert Einstein Medical Ceenter, Philadelphia, Ila.). Accumulation of ribonucleic acid in bacterial nuclear preparations during treatment of whole cells with 8-azaguanine, tetracyclines, and other inhibitors. J. Bacteriol. 87:755--760. 1964-Ribonucleic acid (RNA), synthesized in Bacillis 7negateriam KM during chloramphenicol treatment, accumuitlates in the chromatin-containing cell fraction obtained by lipase treatment of protoplasts. To determine whether this phenomenon is the cauise or an effect of the inhibition of protein synthesis, or neither, other inhibitors of protein synthesis were studied. Chloramphenicol, tetracyclines, azaguianine, and, to a lesser extent, 7-azatryptophan permliitted LRNA synthesis while inhibiting protein svnthesis. In each case, ItNA accumulated in the chromnatin body fraction. Azaguanine at 5,g/nl causes mnore RNA accumuilation than at 15 ,ug/mnl, but allows some protein synthesis. Other inhibitors of protein synthesis inhibit RNA synthesis as well, and no accumulation is seen. The evi(dence favors the hypothesis that inhibition of protein synthesis causes the accumilulation in the nuclear fraction. The possible nature and intracellular locus of the RNA acculmutlation are disculssed brieflv.


Gases, liquids, and especially solids surround us and give form to our world. Chemistry at its most fundamental level is about atoms and the forces that act between them to form larger structural units. But the matter that we experience with our senses is far removed from this level. This unit will help you see how thesemacroscopic properties of matter depend on the microscopicparticles of which it is composed.


Rolling forecast applied for dealing with customers' requirement of squeezed delivery time is generally discussed in a two-echelon supply chain. Because of a more complicated supply chain in practical, we investigate whether advantages of rolling forecast exist in a three-level supply chain, who derives the most benefits, as well as consider the influence of forecast frozen cycle time. The advantages vary from three rolling forecast information-sharing models built based on reach of information sharing along the supply chain. Supplier chain partners benefit differently from rolling forecast. Results indicate that (1) suppliers benefits very much only when implementing collaborative rolling forecast, (2) the influence of frozen cycle time is positively associated with overall performance, especially when suppliers could directly acquire customers' rolling forecast data, and (3) increasing the information visibility is critical to overall performance; such is accomplished by transmitting rolling forecast information from customers to all supply chain partners.


The present invention is applied to a titanium or other valve metal substrate is (coating), tin, ruthenium, iridium, an electrode formulation comprising a catalyst layer containing an oxide of palladium and niobium. Tantalum may interposition of other protective layers of modified titanium oxide based with oxides of elements such as niobium or bismuth between the catalyst layer and the substrate. The thus obtained electrode is suitable for use as an anode in an electrolytic cell for chlorine production. .BACKGROUND


Objective To develop a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS) method for the determination of adriamycin and use the mathod to quantify adriamycin in rat plasma.Methods The plasma samples were deproteinated with acetonitrile,and separation was performed on a reversed-phase Venusil ASB C18 column(150 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm).The mobile phase contained acetonitrile-5 mmol · L-1 ammonium acetate-formic acid(V∶ V∶ V=35.0∶ 65.0∶ 0.5).Detection was carried out by multiple reaction monitoring.Adriamycin nanometer micelle was used in rats by inject caudal vein.Results The method has a linear calibration curve over the range of 1-1 000 μg · L-1(r=0.996 0).The intra-day and inter-day accuracy and precision were within 13.2% for the analyte.The average recoveries were between 89.7%-95.7%.Main pharmacokinetic parameters were as follows:t1/2(30.5±5.2)h,ρmax(954.3±80.6) μg · L-1,AUC0-∞/(290.2±40.4) μg · h · L-1,respectively.Conclusions It is a rapid,sensitive,and specific analytic method.The proposed method can be appied for the identification and quantification in pharmacokinetic studies of adriamycin in rat plasma.


[Objective] To analyze the effect of occupational exposure and smoking on lung ventilation function and X-ray image in chest.[Methods] Stratified retrospective study was carried out on the workers who accepted occupational disease examination in a certain city.[Results] The comparison indicated that the standardized forced vital capacity(FVC),forced expiratory volume in the first second(FEV1%) and forced expiratory rate(FEV1%) of the dust-exposed workers were significantly lower than that of the control group.The cases of pneumoconiosis O+ in the dust-exposed group was more than that in the control group(P0.01).As for pneumoconiosis stage I,the difference between the two groups was not significant(P0.05).The comparison between the smoking group and the non-smoking group on the lung ventilation function indicated significant difference between the two groups in the cases of abnormal FVC(P0.01) and FEV1(P0.05),the smoking group had more cases than the non-smoking group.However,no significant difference was found in the standardized FEV1%,cases of O+ and pneumoconiosis stage I(P0.05).[Conclusion] Occupational exposure and smoking have significant effect on both the lung ventilation function of the concrete workers and the chest X-ray image.


BACKGROUND: The rare p phenotype is found at a higher frequency in Amish people than in other populations. Different mutations in the 4‐α‐galactosyltransferase gene (A4GALT), responsible for synthesis of Pk (Gb3) antigen, have been found to cause the Pk‐deficient p phenotype. The aim of this study was to explore the molecular background of the p phenotype in people of Amish origin.


Background: Ethical climate and moral distress have been shown to affect nurses' ethical behaviour. Despite the many ethical issues in paediatric oncology nursing, research is still lacking in the field. Research aim: To investigate paediatric oncology nurses' perceptions of ethical climate and moral distress. Research design: In this cross-sectional study, data were collected using Finnish translations of the Swedish Hospital Ethical Climate Survey–Shortened and the Swedish Moral Distress Scale–Revised. Data analysis includes descriptive statistics and non-parametric analyses. Respondents and research context: Ninety-three nurses, working at paediatric oncology centres in Finland, completed the survey. Ethical considerations: According to Finnish legislation, no ethical review was needed for this type of questionnaire study. Formal research approvals were obtained from all five hospitals. Return of the questionnaire was interpreted as consent to participate. Results: Ethical climate was perceived as positive. Although morally distressing situations were assessed as highly disturbing, in general they occurred quite rarely. The situations that did appear often reflected performing procedures on school-aged children who resist such treatment, inadequate staffing and lack of time. Perceptions of ethical climate and frequencies of morally distressing situations were inversely correlated. Discussion: Although the results echo the recurrent testimonies of busy work shifts, nurses could most often practise nursing the way they perceived as right. One possible explanation could be the competent and supportive co-workers, as peer support has been described as helpful in mitigating moral distress. Conclusion: Nurturing good collegial relationships and developing manageable workloads could reduce moral distress among nurses.


In order to research the situation of jump and volatility' s spillover between Shanghai and Hong Kong stock market,selecting the SSECI and the HSI as representatives of Shanghai and Hong Kong stock markets,jumps and volatilities of the SSECI and the HSI return series are estimated by means of utilizing SVCJ model by MCMC algorithm.Conditional jump spillover probability,frequency degree of jump spillover and jump spillover intensity are introduced to illustrate the situation of the jump spillovers between the two markets.And then,VEC model and GIRF are used to analyze the circumstance of volatility spillover.The final conclusion is that the Shanghai stock market is more prone to lead to trigger the Hong Kong stock market jump.Hhowever,the Hong Kong stock market is less prone to lead to the jump of the Shanghai stock market.In the long term,there is a co-integration relationship between the Shanghai and Hong Kong stock markets' volatility.And in the short term,the volatilities of the two stock market returns are relative independent.Their mutual influences are slight while the effects could sustain a long duration.


Diabetes is a deep-rooted disease in which the pancreas either does not produce enough insulin or the body cannot properly use the insulin produced by the pancreas. Insulin is necessary to keep blood glucose level stable in the body. When the pancreas stops producing insulin in the body the glucose level increases as without insulin the sugar cannot be synthesized and the backed-up sugar causes increased the danger of cardiovascular diseases like heart attack, narrowing of arteries called as atherosclerosis, etc. Not only these but a lot of severe problems like blindness, kidney failure, etc are also caused by diabetes. More than 422 million people in the world are diabetic as of 2014 and 46% of the total diabetic patients are undiagnosed. In the year 2016, around 1.61 million deaths were caused due to diabetes and about 2.23 million because of extremely high blood sugar content in 2012. Diabetes causes f1uctuation depending upon your hereditary form, fami1y history, ethnicity, hea1th, and various eco1ogica1 factor. There are importantly two types of diabetes that are Type 1 diabetes and Type 2 diabetes. Hyperglycemia also is known as high blood glucose is a common cause of unstoppable diabetes and after some time it leads to chronic damage to a lot of the systems in the body, especially the nerves and blood vessels. Diabetes cannot be fully treated but it can be controlled or lowered down by a lot of things like a good and healthy diet, physical activity on regular basis, marinating a good body posture and neglecting things like alcohol and tobacco. The recent study says that diabetes is increasing at a high pace mostly in the countries which are having lowand middleincomes.


Changes to regulatory frameworks and the ever-evolving industry are dictating long-term sustainable, greener, lean and optimized operations. Moreover, considering that in Upstream the production facilities are characterized by highly variable input conditions from wellsites, changing demands, process oscillations and complex process dynamics, the asset owners are facing nowadays challenges that cannot always be solved with traditional control strategies. This paper explores the diverse Use Cases of APC in our Upstream Energy Division.
 An agile methodology has been followed in order to introduce and rollout the model-predictive controllers in our key production hubs. The first implementation that was concluded in 2021 has showcased the economic and strategic value case of the Advanced Process Control (APC), in addition to other qualities such as its adjustability and flexibility that were proven by performing the design and commissioning in an almost remote manner. The resulting success of the first use-cases has opened the door for additional ones, while establishing APC as a long-lasting, standard digital solution for our assets' transformation and optimization.
 Prior to the APC deployment, as the nature of the process is depicted by high variability and consequent high oscillations, the application of safe margins on the top of the threshold or specification of the system to avoid spurious plant trips was required. In addition, over plants' lifetime their operating envelope of the plants might diverge from the design case leading to overspecification of their respective final products such as dewpoints (water and hydrocarbon), RVP (Reid Vapor Pressure), electric power consumption and loss of consumables. By applying the Dynamic Matrix Controller (DMC), the dependent variables such as quality specifications are maximized within the normal operating envelope and avoiding off-specs, leading to minimization/optimization of operational costs (energy savings, consumables, etc.). Furthermore, the online controllers' targets were incremental production of the most-profitable yield of the respective plant, process harmonization, enhanced plant stability and reduced CO2 emissions, in agreement with the company's 2030 climate targets and commitments. Furthermore, with DMC running autonomously manual intervention has been minimized, resulting to partial autonomy of the systems that can reject better various process disturbances.
 Novel designs of the online controllers and their strategies were employed to meet key-objectives. This paper portrays the steps for applying APC solutions innovatively and remotely to obtain self-optimized, safe, fit-for-future, sustainable and energy efficient production and processing facilities overcoming global challenges. Lessons learnt covering multiple aspects, from architecture and technology, upgrading strategies, to human factors, are also described, which were gathered globally with the aim of avoiding pitfalls in future deployments.