e22528 Background: Among the types of soft tissue sarcomas (STS), liposarcoma is the most common malignant STS. Considering therapeutic options, surgical resection is the most utilized therapeutic option. In this study, we aim to explore the effects of varying degrees of surgical margins on survival in patients with dedifferentiated liposarcoma. Methods: The National Cancer Database (NCDB) was used to select patients with dedifferentiated liposarcoma to determine if surgical margins and other variables were associated with worse overall survival after accounting for age, gender, race, Charlson-Deyo score, anatomic site, treatment approach, tumor size, tumor grade, and presence of metastases through multivariable analysis. Results: Of the 1,004 patients, 64.4% were male, 87.0% were white, and the median age was 63 years. Approximately 95% had no metastases at the time of diagnosis, and 91.5% had high grade liposarcoma. For the status of surgical margins, 50.8% had no residual tumors, 26.1% had microscopic residual tumors, and 4.3% had macroscopic residual tumors. In general, the risk of death was higher for older males (25.8% increased risk of mortality) and those with metastases (312.9% increased risk of mortality) as well as patients with high grade liposarcoma (112.4% increased risk of mortality). When compared to no residual tumor after surgery, patients with macroscopic residual tumors, had a 96.7% increased risk of death (HR 95% CI:1.24 to 3.13; p= 0.004). Conclusions: Older age, presence of metastasis, male patients, retroperitoneal/abdomen primary site, high grade tumors, and macroscopic or residual tumor present after surgery led to an increased risk of mortality.


with the process of urbanization, the cavernous bodies, such as rivers and lakes, are replaced by many new materials in the construction of cities. The percolation rate of cities has been decreasing. The application of lid technology will change the natural hydrological cycle and the storage capacity of the water system in the city, so as to enhance the urban stormwater management and improve the ecological environment of the city.


This article presents an open space concept of areas that are kept permanently free from buildings, technical infrastructure, and soil sealing. In the European Alps, space is scarce because of the topography; conflicts often arise between competing land uses such as permanent settlements and commercial activity. However, the presence of open spaces is important for carbon sequestration and the prevention of natural hazards, especially given climate change. A GIS-based analysis was conducted to identify an alpine-wide inventory of large-scale near-natural areas, or simply stated, open spaces. The method used identified the degree of infrastructure development for natural landscape units. Within the Alpine Convention perimeter, near-natural areas (with a degree of infrastructural development of up to 20%) account for a share of 51.5%. Only 14.5% of those areas are highly protected and are mostly located in high altitudes of over 1500 m or 2000 m above sea level. We advocate that the remaining Alpine open spaces must be preserved through the delimitation of more effective protection mechanisms, and green corridors should be safeguarded through spatial planning. To enhance the ecological connectivity of open spaces, there is the need for tailored spatial and sectoral planning strategies to prevent further landscape fragmentation and to coordinate new forms of land use for renewable energy production.


Introduction Hydrogen separation from hydrocarbon reformate using mixed proton and electron conductors is presently an active area of research [1-3]. In this process, a pressure differential is maintained across the membrane and hydrogen is transported from the higher hydrogen partial pressure (reformate side) to the lower hydrogen partial pressure side. A few selected examples based on this approach include Balachandran et al. [1], Wachsman and Jiang [2] and White et al. [3] A different approach described here employs a mixed oxygen ion and electron (or hole) conductor and has not been reported widely in the literature. In this approach, reformate consisting of CO and H2 is fed to one side of the membrane and water vapor to the other side. Dissociation of water vapor into hydrogen and oxygen ions occurs on the water vapor side of the membrane, followed by ambipolar transport of oxygen across the membrane where the reformate is oxidized to water vapor and carbon dioxide. Thus hydrogen is segregated on the water vapor side. This approach has the potential to generate higher hydrogen fluxes than possible using the mixed proton and electron conductors.


Linder, S. 1995. Foliar analysis for detecting and correcting nutrient imbalances inNorway spruce. - Ecol. Bull. (Copenhagen) 44: 118-19O.Results are presented from the first seven years of a nutrient optimisation experiment rnyoung stands of Norway spruce in northem Sweden. The principal aim of the experi-ment was to eliminate water and mineral nutrients as growth-limiting factors, at thesame time as leaching to the groundwater was avoided. The approach applied was thedefininition oftarset values for the foliase concentration ofeach nutrient element. Onthe basis ofrepeatid fbliar analysis and predicted growth response the proportions andamounts ofnutrients applied were adjusted annually. Imbalances in the nutrient statusof the trees, induced by fertilisation as determined by foliage analysis, were success-fully corrected by adjustment of the amount and composition of the fertiliser mix.Accumulation, followed by depletion, of starch in needles during summer had apronounced ef'fect on nutrient concentrations, thus making evaluation of nutritionalstatus difficult. A variation in needle dry weight of up to 30% occurred during thegrowing season. The depletion of starch coincided with the onset of growth and wasboth earlier and faster in fertilised trees than in control trees. This indicates that thegrowth rate in non-treated stands was not limited by carbon, but rather by nutrientavailability. It is recommended that for diagnostic purposes, several age-classcs offoliage are sampled on a number of occasions during the season(s). If sampling isrestricted to one age-class of foliage, it is recommended that one-year-old foliage isused, to reduce between-year variation and to enable sampling throughout the season.If nutrient concentrations are assessed on samples taken during the period late spring toearly autumn, the carbohydrate content must be determined to allow values to benormalised. Nutrient imbalances can, however, be detected without correcting forcarbohydrate reserves, by calculating the ratio between elements. Experience obtainedduring the first seven seasons has indicated that the nutrient quotients relative tonitrogen, based on detailed studies of plant nutrition, have been more generally validthan the concentrations regarded as optimal for Norway spruce.S. Liruler. Dept of Ecology and Environmental Res., Sw'edish Unir. of AgriculturalSciences. P. O. Box 7072, 5-750 07 Uppsala, Sv'eden.


The aim of this paper is to examine the awareness, attitudes, perception and response of residents to floods in the Mdloti floodplain near Durban. The results indicated that nearly 50% of the respondents lived in a flood-prone area, but were completely unaware ofthe flood hazard. Nearly 70%, however, indicated their desire to relocate after the 1987 flood. A more sophisticated flood warning system would alleviate the problem.


By analyzing the essential differences between value approach and event approach, the paper reveals the limitations of value approach accounting and the challenges under intellectual economics. According to the changes of social environments and users' information demand under intellectual economics, The essay demonstrates that event accounting will replace value accounting and lead the direction of accounting reform in the times of intellectual economics.


Tanaiste Frances Fitzgerald is expected to signal in the coming days that she will not oppose a Bill in the Seanad calling for the restriction to be abolished


An angle-modulated signal that is strictly band-limited, but subject to normal demodulation procedures, is shown to be a theoretical possibility. The method involves an iteration procedure followed by combined amplitude-phase modulation. The bandwidth of the modulated signal can be adjusted to achieve realistic frequency deviations. An example is presented for a sinusoidal modulating signal input.


Waste generation in Candi district is 317,8 m3/day
consisting of 40% of non household solid waste (SW) and 80% of
the waste is organic waste. The purposes of this research are to
calculate the generation rate and composition of solid waste, and
to estimate the potential and economic value of the organic waste
processing becomes compost and Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF).
Measurements in this research were generation, composition, and
density of organic solid waste in industrial centers area such as
tempe centers, duck farm, salted egg centers, mussels centers, and
commercial area (Larangan Market). The measurement was
based on SNI 19-3964-1994. The SW generation rate in the
commercial area (market) was 5765,1 kg/day with the
composition of organic waste that could be composted was
67,72% and used to RDF technologies was 21,3%. Generation of
organic solid waste from industrial centers was 26.580,2 kg/day,
that could be composted was 4507,0 kg/day or 16,96% consists
of soybean skin, duck manure, and ash and for RDF technology
was 22,2 kg/day or 0,08% consists of plastic and paper. Organic
solid waste from non household source that could be composted
was 3070,0 tons/year with result of total compost production was
983,5 tons/year and obtain as profit is Rp Rp 371.185.001,- / year,
whereas that could be used to RDF was 467,1 tons/year with total
of RDF production was 93,4 tons/year and obtain as profit is Rp
5.739.727,- / year.


In view of problems such as Tulipa gesneriana seed could not germinate in room temperature,and it had slowly germination process and low germination rate,seeds was liable to moldy and so on in cold storage,so some key control tests such as piercing the seeds and improving the bud beds were utilized to study the germination condition in room temperature on the basis of reported experiment.The results showed that the wild T.gesneriana seed had deep dormancy phenomenon,and the dormancy could be Absolved by low temperature,GA3 treatment,puncturing seeds,improving the bud beds et al,but light and room temperature storage had not significant effects to the breaking of seed dormancy.During the germination procession,there was a longer germinating imbibition period for T.gesneriana seed,and it showed a distinct sequence of germination behavior.At room temperature,the current year T.gesneriana seed which by frozen for 15 d after storage 6 months at 4 ℃,it was punctured and put on the medium of 0.5 mg/L GA3 concentrations in continued light,and the germination rate was 25%,50% and 95% respectively,after 10 d,30 d,45 d and 50 d,while under the same conditions,the germination rate of unpunctured seeds was very low.The germination rate was no significant difference at the frozen temperature between 4 ℃ and-10 ℃.Puncturing seeds could improve the germination rate significantly,in an extent,colloidal endosperm restrained the growth of embryo of T.gesneriana.Bud-bed was an important role in the germination of seeds,it was not only guaranteed the supply of nutrients during the germination of the seeds,but also kept the continuing effect of GA3 on seeds to use the culture medium as bud-bed,however,paper-bed was often contaminated and kept from the seed germination.


Speaking from within a time of economic crisis, It's a Beautiful Thing, the Destruction of Wor(l)ds investigates how scholarly activities reflect activist identities and the affect of experiencing social change in the Greek crisis. In Dear TINA, we write through and about workplaces: correctional institutions and higher education, and their effects on our ways of knowing. These two performance lectures by Ministry of Untold Stories offer a working through of ontological uncertainty, precarity, and risk. We propose that if scholarship is to offer resistance to "there is no alternative," then there must be a methodological revolution.


A thermoelectric device for controlling temperature of an internal thermal area in a hard disc drive, a hard disc drive and a system thereof are provided to guarantee operation reliability of the hard disc drive at extreme temperature without changing a set parameter of the hard disc drive. A method for controlling temperature of an internal thermal area in a hard disc drive includes a step of giving a first electric potential difference between a pair of electric contacts(210-1,210-2) to deliver first heat(120) to an external heat delivery interface(132) thermally connected to the outside of the hard disc drive(10) from an internal heat delivery interface(130) included in an inner interface thermally connected to the internal thermal area(20) of the hard disc drive; and a step of giving a second electric potential difference between the electric contacts to deliver second heat(122) to the internal heat delivery interface from the external heat delivery interface. The polarity of the first electric potential difference is opposed to that of the second electric potential difference. A thermoelectric device(200) of the hard disc drive is thermally connected to the air at the outside(300) of the hard disc drive and to the internal thermal area of the hard disc drive through the heat delivery interface.


In order to help students to overcome the difficulties encountered in thier studying the design of counters, the author has made a teaching trial, that is by explaining several different design methods of N-modulo counters and comparing them each other. As a result, good teaching effects have been obtained.


The change in self-esteem and the stabilising role of accommodative coping resources among incarcerated young male offenders is investigated using a longitudinal approach with three occasions of measurements (begining of prison term, 2 months later, end of prison term). Data from 211 participants with a complete set of measurements were analysed, employing multilevel modelling. Results show that self-esteem increases during imprisonment. Moreover, this increase in self-esteem depends on the individual competence of accommodative coping: The increase in self-esteem is earlier and faster for high accommodative individuals. These findings are discussed with respect to the development of the self during imprisonment as well as to their implications for the future social behaviour and integration of former prisoners after release.


OBJECTIVE
To report on the feasibility, indications, and diagnostic yield of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) of horses' extremities performed under standing sedation.

STUDY DESIGN
Retrospective clinical case series.

SAMPLE POPULATION
Fifty-nine CBCT examinations in 58 horses.

METHODS
Examinations were categorized for indications for CBCT dependent on a suspicion, presence, or absence of a diagnosis prior to CBCT. The number of acquisitions per examination, total time for the examination, diagnostic score of each acquisition (diagnostic, diagnostic-compromised, nondiagnostic), and additional diagnostic information regarding preexisting diagnostic information were recorded.

RESULTS
Three (median) acquisitions were performed per examination in a median study time of 14 minutes. In 24 of 33 cases with a suspected diagnosis, this diagnosis was confirmed or definitively refuted; in seven of 33 cases, the suspected diagnosis was refuted without a new diagnosis; and, in two of 33 cases, the suspected diagnosis could not be confirmed nor could a new diagnosis be made. In five of nine cases without a preexisting diagnosis, a diagnosis was established. In 16 cases with a diagnosis prior to CBCT, additional information was recorded, or a surgical plan was prepared. In 14 of 18 cases in which additional contrast techniques were used, additional information was gained.

CONCLUSION
Standing CBCT of the horses' extremities is feasible and can produce diagnostic information in a timely fashion.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
The results provide evidence of the practicality and diagnostic potential of standing CBCT of horses' extremities.


The association rules mining process enables the end users to analyze, understand, and use the extracted knowledge in an intelligent system or to support the decision-making processes. To find valuable association rules from a large number of redundant rules, this paper proposes a deeper mining process, multi-mode and high value association rules mining (MH-ARM). This method takes into account the category information, the size of the item set, natural semantics, various metrics, and effective visualization of results. The process can effectively reduce the number of rules and improve the value and accuracy of the rules screened out for auxiliary diagnosis. In the end, the experimental data of rhinitis were analyzed and the effectiveness of the process was verified.


The rapid technological developments which started in the 20th century have transformed literacy from being a luxury in most pre-industrial societies to being a social requirement (Drucker, 1970, p.70). Today, education is not only a requirement but a must in Turkey (Ergun, 1994, 16). It is a socially presumed phenomenon which eases individuals' adaptation to social life and equips them with positive personal and social behaviors. From this perspective, education has been a significant tool in the birth of social institutions which constitute civilizations (Akar, 1996, p.211). Similar to other social institutions, educational institutions also perform manifest and latent functions (Schaefer and Lamm, 1989, p.443). Manifest functions are those intended by and obvious to all members of a social group. For example, in most societies, the manifest function of the family is to reproduce and raise children. The manifest function of the educational system, on the other hand, is to teach young adults the topics needed to become fully-functioning members of society. The most basic manifest function of education then is the transmission of knowledge. Schools teach students many diverse skills ranging from reading and speaking foreign languages to repairing automobiles. On the other hand, institutions also perform a number of latent functions. These are the unintentional or "hidden" consequences of an institution's activities of which most people are unaware. To illustrate, the latent function of some education systems is to perpetuate the existing social class structure in societies. For another example, it has been claimed that the fraternities and sororities in Western educational institutions latently perpetuate homogamous marriages between people of similar ethnic, religious and social class backgrounds (Carr, 2004; Kendall, 1998, p.227). It is in fact rather difficult to make a clear distinction between the manifest and latent functions of schools due to the many diverse latent functions of education. Such diversity is often caused by individual differences between students. Today it is a well-known fact that the same educational process may make rather different influences on individuals. This is not surprising given the complex nature of education which may produce different positive and negative outcomes while at the same time creating shared attitudes and behaviors (Konuk, 2003, p.268). Due to the difficulty of drawing a rigid boundary between the manifest and latent functions of education, they have been grouped differently by various authors. Among the manifest functions of education are the accumulation and transmission of cultural heritage, the socialization of the individual, the raising of innovative change agents, and other political, selective and economic functions. Latent functions, on the other hand, include providing a peaceful life, serving as a meeting place for marital partners, eliminating negative attitudes and behaviors, producing new social networks and bringing better social status (Celikkaya, 1996, p.59-64; Tezcan, 1997, p.62-64; Konuk, 2003, p.268). Various conceptualizations exist in the literature related to the latent functions of educational institutions, explanations about which are given below. Providing a peaceful life Schools in most countries aim to teach children social norms that prevail in the country, patriotism, history and the importance of satisfying civic responsibilities such as preserving state property, paying taxes or serving in the military. People with a high education level are thought to have more tolerance for others, be able to establish a healthier dialogue, have respect for the rights of others, care for the preservation of public property and have more empathy with others (Akytiz, 1991, p.265-266). Serving as a meeting place for marital partners Marriage is the socially accepted and approved unity of a man and a woman (Giddens, 2000, p. …


People on globe are under tremendous threat due to undesired change in the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of water. Due to increased human population, use of fertilizers and man-made activity water is highly polluted with different harmful contaminants. Natural water contaminants due to weathering of rocks and leaching of soil etc. it necessary that the quality of drinking of water should be checked of regular time interval, because due to use of contaminated drinking water. human population suffers from varied of water borne disease. The availability of good quality water is an indispensable feature for preventing disease and improving quality of life. it is to know details about different physicchemical such as color, Temperature, hardness, pH, Chloride, DO, BOD, COD, Sulphate, used for testing of water quality.


Abstract A nickel-chromium (80:20) alloy is employed as electrode material in the amperometric detection of underivatized amino acids in flow injection and high performance liquid chromatographic experiments. Cyclic voltammetric results show that amino acids are oxidized by a surface catalyzed process, proposed to involve Ni(III) oxyhydroxides, which are formed on the electrode surface at approximately 0.43 V (Ag/AgCl reference electrode) in 0.10 N NaOH. The hydrodynamic voltammograms of different amino acids show current plateaus at potentials above ca. 0.48 V. Preliminary HPLC experiments show that the nickelchromium alloy is useful for the amperometric detection of underivatized amino acids following anion exchange separations.


This study presents the first experimental observation of 2D optical discrete solitons in nonlinear photonic lattices. This work shows 2D discrete solitons that belong to both classes: the inphase and the staggered solitons, residing at the base and the edge of the first Brillouin zone, respectively.


Decreased nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability underlies a number of cardiovascular pathologies, including hypertension. The shear stress exerted by flowing blood is the main determinant of NO release. Rap1 promotes integrin‐ and cadherin‐mediated signaling. Here, we show that Rap1 is a critical regulator of NO production and endothelial function. Rap1 deficiency in murine endothelium attenuates NO production and diminishes NO‐dependent vasodilation, leading to endothelial dysfunction and hypertension, without deleterious effects on vessel integrity. Mechanistically, Rap1 is activated by shear stress, promotes the formation of the endothelial mechanosensing complex—comprised of PECAM‐1, VE‐cadherin and VEGFR2‐ and downstream signaling to NO production. Our study establishes a novel paradigm for Rap1 as a regulator of mechanotransduction.


Purpose

Although the role of emotions in buyer–seller exchanges is important, it remains understudied, especially in the business-to-business selling context. This paper aims to provide insights into the role of the salespeople's ability to appraise emotions (EA ability) and its effects on job-related outcomes in a transaction-oriented environment.

Design/methodology/approach

Multi-source data were gathered from 152 salespeople working for a financial service firm. Customer service and sales performance ratings were reported by supervisors. Hypotheses were tested through structural equation modeling using AMOS.

Findings

The study finds contrasting effects of EA ability on sales performance in the firm's transaction-oriented environment. On the one hand, EA ability motivates better salesperson customer service, which then increases their sales performance. On the other hand, EA ability enhances emotional exhaustion, which detracts from sales performance.

Practical implications

Sales managers should consider the ability of new hires to appraise emotions when determining their fit with the job and the organization. Training programs that develop salesperson emotional abilities should be comprehensive as it may be detrimental to be high in EA ability without the skills to regulate or use emotions.

Originality value

The study is one of the first to consider the effects of emotional abilities in the context of a transaction-oriented environment. By focusing specifically on EA ability, the study provides greater understanding of the influences of the individual components of emotional intelligence, rather than salesperson's overall capacity for emotional intelligence.


1,2,3B.E student, Computer Engineering, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Technology, Mumbai, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract Garbage waste generation and accumulation are increasing at a very fast rate. Treating this waste for proper disposal and recycling has become an important topic. The recycling of waste must be done in a very efficient manner. The aim of this paper is to automate the recyclable waste classification just from their images. The recyclable categories are – metal, paper, plastic and glass. The algorithm for classification of waste used is Faster R-CNN with tensor flow. For classification, it takes the image of the trash objects and provides valid boundaries over the objects based on the recyclable waste categories used. The boundaries comprise of various color boundaries based on the categories for recycling process. The hardware implementation includes real time images being taken and given as an input to the trained model. However, in this paper our focus will be to make multiple types of trash getting recognized through the deep learning process.


Monosymptomatic unilateral optic neuritis is a common first manifestation of multiple sclerosis. Abnormal T cell responses to myelin components including myelin basic protein (MBP), proteolipid protein (PLP), and myelinassociated glycoprotein (MAG) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis. Antigen-reactive T helper type 1 (Thl)-like cells that responded by interferon y (IFN-y) secretion on antigen stimulation in vitro were counted. Untreated patients with optic neuritis and multiple sclerosis had similarly raised levels of T cells recognising MBP, PLP, and MAG in peripheral blood. Such T cells were strongly enriched in CSF. None of these myelin antigens functioned as iunodominant T cell antigen characteristic for optic neuritis or multiple sclerosis. The autoimmune T cell repertoire was not more restricted in optic neuritis (as an example of early multiple sclerosis). The autoreactive T cell repertoires differed in blood compared with CSF in individual patients with optic neuritis and multiple sclerosis. No relations were found between specificity or quantity of autoreactive T cells in blood or CSF, and clinical variables of optic neuritis or multiple sclerosis, or occurrence of oligoclonal IgG bands in CSF. The role of raised MBP, PLP, and MAG reactive Thl-like cells found in optic neuritis and multiple sclerosis remains unexplained. (7 Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1994;57:544-55 1) Multiple sclerosis is characterised histopathologically by patchy demyelination as well as perivascular accumulations of mononuclear cells in the form of macrophages, T cells, and B cells. Another characteristic feature of multiple sclerosis is the evidence of abnormal B cell activation, as reflected in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by raised immunoglobulin concentrations and the presence of oligoclonal IgG bands.' Several specific. antibodies originating from the CNS and the CSF have been described in multiple sclerosis, including those directed against different viruses and the myelin constituents myelin basic protein (MBP), proteolipid protein (PLP), myelin associated glycoprotein (MAG), and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG).27 These B cell responses comprise mainly the IgG isotype and can therefore be assumed to depend on T cell help. The finding that experimental allergic encephalomyelitis-which in its chronic form mimics multiple sclerosis both clinically and pathologically-is characterised by high concentrations of MBP reactive T cells and can be transferred with MBP specific T cells to naive recipients,8 has led to renewed efforts to investigate T cell specificities to myelin proteins in patients with multiple sclerosis. The traditional ways to assess T cell sensitisation include measurements of 3H-thymidine incorporation as a reflection of antigen-induced T cell proliferation, and limiting dilution assays. Such studies have given variable results, although most of them concluded that a low percentage of patients with multiple sclerosis showed evidence of T cell sensitisation to MBP and PLP, and to MBP and PLP peptides, as did a somewhat lower percentage of control subjects.9 These techniques may, however, not be sensitive enough to detect the low frequencies of memory T cells that occur in human diseases with possible autoimmune background, nor are they useful to detect antigen reactive T cells among the low numbers of CSF cells usually available. A different approach that is based on counting cells that secrete an effector molecule in the form of interferon y (IFN-y) after in vitro stimulation with antigen, allows the definition of the T cell repertoire for specificity, quantity, and functional differentiation as far as the CD4 + T helper cell subtype 1 (Thl) related effector molecule IFN-y is concerned. After phagocytosis of myelin protein antigen by macrophages and processing, sequences comprising 10-20 amino acids join congruent major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules and are presented on the cell surface together with these molecules to T cells which recognise the antigen-MHC unit via the T cell receptor, thereby inducing the production and secretion of effector molecules including IFN-y.'0 Patients with multiple sclerosis had Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden Department of Neurology H Link J-B Sun S Fredrikson Z-Y Wang W-X Huang Department of Ophthalmology M Soderstrom Correspondence to: Dr Mats Soderstrom, Department of Ophthalmology, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge Hospital, S-141 86 Huddinge, Sweden. Received 5 April 1993 and in revised form 9 August 1993. Accepted 17 August 1993 544 group.bmj.com on June 15, 2017 Published by http://jnnp.bmj.com/ Downloaded from


The invention relates to a wearable type rehabilitation training exoskeleton manipulator. The wearable type rehabilitation training exoskeleton manipulator comprises a four finger rehabilitation mechanism and a thumb rehabilitation mechanism, wherein the four finger rehabilitation mechanism comprises a far finger support rod and a near finger support rod, and the far finger support rod and the near finger support rod are hinged, and are connected through a first connecting rod mechanism; the first connecting rod mechanism is connected with a force transfer slide block on a hand support, the force transfer slide block is glidingly arranged on the hand support, and a driving mechanism is used for driving the force transfer slide block to move on the hand support, and linking the far finger support rod and the near finger support rod to swing; the thumb rehabilitation mechanism comprises a thumb far end support rod and a thumb near end support rod, the thumb far end support rod and the thumb near end support rod are hinged, and are connected by a second connecting rod mechanism, the second connecting rod mechanism is connected with the driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism is used for driving the thumb far end support rod and the thumb near end support rod to swing; the four finger rehabilitation mechanism and the thumb rehabilitation mechanism can be used for simulating the swinging of four fingers and thumb in the space, so as to further ensure the rehabilitation effect of the four fingers and thumb. The wearable type rehabilitation training exoskeleton manipulator has excellent popularizing value in the rehabilitation field.


We report an investigation into the interference rejection capabilities of a dual antenna system on a mobile telephone prototype for the 1800 MHz band. The investigation is done by means of narrowband downlink channel measurements in a microcellular-like environment. Complex signal samples are used in order to investigate the interference rejection gain with di erent diversity combining schemes and with one and two interferers present. The results show that there is a signi cant amount of interference rejection gain available from a handset diversity system, even with a simple diversity combining scheme.


The paper therefore x-rays the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on migration dynamics by analyzing types and trends dynamics of migrants' movement, demographic dynamics of migration as related to the inflow of remittances (both cash and in-kind) to SSA countries prior to the pandemic. Also discusses the constraints of transferring cash remittances and subsequent decline posed by the COVID-19 outbreak during and beyond the pandemics. Secondary evidence from Somali and Nigeria were analyzed on the constraints of remitting cash, while in-kind remittance from the Republic of Chad was evaluated. The importance of remittances to the home communities was established. Measures to safeguard SSA migrants' mobility and their remittances, citing some selected countries of destination, were exploited. The paper concludes that COVID-19 impacts on migration should be opportunities for policymakers (both home and destination countries) to reset their efforts towards protecting migrants and their future activities.


Detailed observations of an oceanic front during early winter in the Ionian Sea are described. The front ran north-south and was located over deep water. Midoceanic shallow upwelling was established. A high-salinity core was located in the center of the frontal zone.


Five bacterial strains of flocculating rate being up to 75% were isolated from the soil of different sites after the processes of enrichment, separation and depuration. After two arbitrary strains were mixed and cultivated, it was found that the mixed fermentation liquid's cell-free supernatant of J4 and J5 had more efficiency than the single strain. And it was the highest in all the mixed fermentation liquid. The flocculating rate was up to 85.25%. By means of oscillator test the optimum culture conditions were as follows: the initial pH was 6.0, the temperature was 37 ℃ , the rotation rate was 160r/min and the time was 48 hours. On the optimum culture conditions the flocculating rate of the combine microbial flocculation agent's cell-free supernatant was 96.05%.


The article is aimed to reveal the specificity of colleges technical profile student's value orientations. Theoretical analysis of modern scientific researches of value orientation's role in the college student's professional becoming are presented. The results of empirical research of value-motivational types, terminal and instrumental values of college students are analyzed. the prevailing value orientations of the technical profile college students are the focus on improving material well-being, achievement of social status and recognition, achievement in various spheres of life and manifestation of autonomy are described. The role of instrumental values of freedom, sense of life, self-esteem, creativity, self-discipline and authority in student's learning activity are represented.


Background: To control the Covid-19 outbreak, national governments have implemented public health control measures (PHM) at different times and in differing ord


The wastewater treatment facility at Riviera de Sao Laurengo, Brasil was upgraded in January 2000 by the inclusion of Chemically Enhanced Primary Treatment (CEPT). The lack of a comprehensive data management scheme at the plant made the effects of the upgrade on the facility difficult to quantify. Data management at two treatment plants in the U.S. is reviewed and a solution for Riviera is presented. This scheme is then implemented in the framework of a desktop database application after a review of software development practices. Analyses from the application appear to demonstrate the validity of CEPT as a lowcost method of improving the performance and flow capacity of the Riviera facility. Load analysis on the Riviera system suggest that the installation of the CEPT clarifiers has decreased the load that would have been placed on the first lagoon in the treatment train, perhaps resulting in an increase of aerobic activity. The importance of modeling as an analytical tool is discussed and previous work on lagoon modeling is also reviewed. Rate constants for the carbon cycle at the Riviera lagoons during the Carnival period of 2000 are evaluated through a procedure developed to isolate global minima. In general, the model predicted effluent quality well, and the presented rate constants bear close agreement with those of previous investigators. However, the monitoring regime at Riviera should be expanded, both for environmental soundness and to provide higher-quality data for subsequent models. A natural extension of this expanded regime would be a combined data management and modeling application for the wastewater treatment facility at Riviera de Sao Laurengo. Thesis Supervisors: Professor Donald R.F. Harleman and Susan Murcott Titles: Ford Professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Emeritus and Lecturer.


Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect of laser photocoagulation for central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC)and its preventive effect of recurrence.Methods This was a retrospective clinical study.Sixty-seven cases(68 eyes)of CSC, which were diagnosed by fundus fiuorescein angiography, were treat-ed by oral drugs (29 eyes, group A)or krypton yellow laser along with oral crngs (39 eyes, group B ).The pa-tients were followed up at 1,3,6, 12,24 and 36 months after treatment.Results Twenty-four patients (25 eyes)recovered within an average time of 69.4±17.2 days with 8 eyes recurrence(27.6% )in group A, while 39 patients( 39 eyes )recovered within an average time of 32.8±8.9 days with 3 eyes recurrence(7.7%)in group B. There was a significant difference between the two groups in the respect of recurrence (x2=4.854, P<0.05).No complication was fotmd.Conelusion Krypton yellow laser photocoagulation is a safe and effective method for the treatment of central serous chorioretinopathy, especially it could reduce the recurrent rate.

Key words:
Central serous chorioretinopathy; Laser photocoagulation


A growing number of published papers consider the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and cryptogenic cirrhosis as the immediate offspring of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). NAFLD is the most common liver disorder in developed countries, where up to 80% of obese people have the disease. Cirrhosis is defined as the advanced stages of hepatic fibrosis with characteristic distortion of hepatic architecture in addition to numerous regenerative nodules. Cirrhosis without an apparent cause (eg, alcoholic liver disease, viral hepatitis B & C, autoimmune hepatitis, Wilson' s disease and so on ....) has been labeled as cryptogenic [1,2]. After presentation and identification of metabolic syndrome as a distinct clinical entity and its final outcome, that is T2DM, the surging prevalence of NAFLD and cryptogenic cirrhosis was considered as a direct complication of T2DM [3-9]. In a study conducted by Younossi, of 132 patients with NAFLD, 44 subjects (33%) were reported to have established T2DM [10]. Of those fortyfour diabetic patients with NAFLD, 11 were reported to be affected by frank cryptogenic cirrhosis. Going through the paper, the reader would immediately suppose that, one out of three type 2 diabetic patients have had concomitant end-stage cirrhosis of the liver. In a review article, Cusi K. proceeded further up and stated that approximately 70% of T2DM patients had fatty liver, and the non-alcoholic steatohepatitis was suggested as the leading cause of endstage liver disease in persons with T2DM.The author eventually concluded as if the NASH is the straightforward "complication" of T2DM!! [11].


The utility model provides an assembly structure of a medical bed barrier. The assembly structure comprises a barrier sheet, a fixing plate, a fixing seat and a plurality of connecting pieces, wherein the fixing plate is fixed on the barrier sheet; the fixing seat is fixed on a medical bed; one end of each connecting piece is hinged on the fixing plate, and the other end of each connecting piece is hinged on the fixing seat; a plurality of shaft grooves for accommodating revolving shafts are integrally molded on corresponding surfaces of the fixing plate and the barrier sheet; a revolving shaft is integrally molded at one end, which corresponds to the fixing plate, of each connecting piece respectively; and the revolving shafts are accommodated in the shaft grooves and can rotate in the shaft grooves. The problems of time waste, labor waste, reduction in production efficiency and the like during combination installation due to complex components and high cost in the prior art are solved.


The influence of scotoperiod, ambient temperature and humidity on the activity of captive wombats was examined to differentiate environmental influence from that pertaining to food availability. The activity of 12 wombats (Lasiorhinus latifrons) housed at Rockhampton Zoo was remotely monitored by digital video-surveillance for one year, with environmental variables simultaneously recorded via dataloggers. Mean proportion of total daily time spent active was 18.2 ± 1.8%. Mean daily time spent active varied seasonally according to changes in temperature and humidity. Mean daily activity was greater during winter (301 ± 17 min) and spring (295 ± 16 min), than summer (234 ± 16 min) and autumn (238 ± 15 min) with differences due to a decrease in the number and length of activity bouts in summer and autumn; presumably these results reflect a need to maintain heat balance associated with exposure to elevated temperatures. Activity was positively correlated with temperature during winter (r = 0.60) and spring (r = 0.52) but negatively correlated during summer (r = –0.58) and autumn (r = –0.49), suggesting the existence of a thermoneutral zone where activity is maximised. We conclude that activity in captive wombats is influenced by environmental variables.


The invention discloses a construction method of a sloping surface runoff field, which comprises the following steps of: 1) arranging mutually parallel upper and lower water stopping walls (1) and (5) along the slope trend from the upper side to the lower side respectively, and clamping a left water stopping wall (2) and a right water stopping wall (3) mutually parallel between the upper water stopping wall (1) and the lower water stopping wall (5) to form a parallelogram frame; 2) arranging a left water stopping soil block (21) and a right stopping soil block in the parallelogram frame; 3) embedding a runoff collection tube (4) in the parallelogram frame, wherein fluid flowing along the sloping surface in the parallelogram frame can flow into the runoff collection tube (4) from a bar gap(41); and 4) communicating the runoff collection tube (4) with a runoff collection well (7) by using a water pipe (6). The sloping surface runoff field constructed by the method can fully collect runoff in the sloping surface runoff field.


Mining frequent itemsets in data stream applications is beneficial for a number of purposes such as knowledge discovery, trend learning, fraud detection, transaction prediction and estimation. In data streams, new data are continuously coming as time advances. It is costly even impossible to store all streaming data received so far due to the memory constraint. It is assumed that the stream can only be scanned once and hence if an item is passed, it can not be revisited, unless it is stored in main memory. Storing large parts of the stream, however, is not possible because the amount of data passing by is typically huge. In this paper, we study the problem of finding frequent items in a continuous stream of items. A new frequency measure is introduced, based on a variable window length. We study the properties of the new method, and propose an incremental algorithm that allows producing the frequent itemsets immediately at any time. In our method, we used multiple s egments for handling different size of windows. By storing these segments in a data structure, the usage of memory can be optimized. Our experiments show that our algorithm performs much better in optimizing memory usage and mining only the most recent patterns in very less time.


In designing a third-generation data base and a system for interrogating and maintaining it, Industrial Indemnity Company set the following general objectives: 1. The management and retrieval system should be oriented to providing its services in a simple and straightforward way to application programs written in a high-level language, such as PL/1 or COBOL. 2. The data base should be compact. Its second-generation predecessor was a pair of files occupying together some 35 reels of magnetic tape; but the new data base, which would need to meet significantly expanded data requirements, was to fit onto a single IBM 2321 data cell drive (capacity about 390 million bytes). 3. It should be possible to design, program, and implement the system with a configuration of machines and personnel commensurate with the anticipated benefits. 4. Provision should be made for storage, retrieval, and maintenance of data elements with widely varying space requirements. Well over half of our policies have no claims at all, but a few policies for very large companies acquire claims in the thousands. 5. Both sequential and direct accessing, in a variety of combinations, should be feasible, in order to accommodate file-scanning applications, efficient updating, and an open-ended variety of inquiry and reporting applications. 6. Retrieval should be swift enough to maintain rapid response to inquiries coming from several dozen remote inquiry terminals. 7. A very high level of data integrity must be maintained, with protection inplemented in at least three ways: detection of improper attempts to alter the contents of the data base; prevention of incorrect updating; and recovery from data, program, or machine failures in a minimum of elapsed time and with a high level of justified confidence in the restored version of the data base. 8. Both the data base structures and its management system should be flexible enough to permit new and unforeseen data requirements to be accommodated in the future with a minimum of disturbance to either operational application programs or the data base management system itself.


As most IP address auto-configuration protocols are too complexity and inefficiency on overhead,are impracticable for especially large-scale MANET.OLSR is a kind of proactive routing protocol,the whole addresses information of network are available and the MPR technique is used to lower overhead of network resources.To allocate IP addresses for new nodes quickly,proposed a new scheme based on OLSR.With a little modification of TC message of OLSR,it could guarantee the uniqueness of addresses in using.The proposed scheme also operates simple without brings much overhead besides that of OLSR protocol.It is applicable to large-scale MANET.


The article refers to such a phenomenon as Ukrainian ethnos. The theoretical framework for investigation is introduced. Under the consideration the following questions are: the concept of the notion, the roots and sources of its formation, dynamics in different historical times. The phenomenon is analyzed from the socio-cultural perspective. Ukrainians living in different countries are presented as a holistic unite; the reason for that are links with ethnic homeland, common cultural features, common traditions, common customs, a number of common human values.  The basic approaches in analysis of Ukrainian ethnos are used: geographical/territorial distribution and the level of ethnic (Ukrainian) awareness. The role of ethnic memory, of ethnic heritage, of ethnic identity, of ethnic practices and ethnic participation for communicating and uniting the parts of Ukrainian ethnos are discussed. Prospects for common ethno-cultural activities and communication of Ukrainian diaspora with mainland Ukrainians are under the question too.


The California Card Sorting Test (CCST) is a relatively new measure of executive function which seems to hold promise for advancing our understanding of the cognitiveprocesses underlying high level problem-solving ability. Unfortunately, despite its manyadvantages, administration time may be prohibitively long for practical use in many clinical settings. It was hypothesized that the constituent stimulus subsets might be used individually as brief alternatives to the full-length CCST. Interset and set/total correlationswere examined in two groups of subjects (college students, children). Based on the findings of unacceptably low interset correlations, it was concluded that the subsets are notequivalent and should not be treated as interchangeable. However, the generally goodcorrelations between the subset and total test scores indicate that the use of the individual stimulus subsets as "short forms" is justified.


This paper presents the findings of a research program by the New Jersey Department of Transportation, Bureau of Materials, Inspection Unit on the use of still image transmissions as a viable tool for the non-destructive inspection of newly fabricated and existing structures. The discussion is based upon the "Picasso" still image phone transmitter manufactured by AT&T.


This paper discusses transient stability enhancement using Fault Current Limiter (FCL) and Thyristor Controlled Braking Resistor (TCBR). In the case of a severe fault occurrence in a power system, FCL is used for fault current limiting, transient stability enhancement and reduction of torsional oscillations, and TCBR is used for fast control of generator disturbances. The effect of these two instruments discussed together in a single machine power system, connected to the infinite bus with applying a three phase symmetrical fault. The simulation results show the improvement of transient stability of the power system by using both devices.


Micro machining becomes more and more important with the tendency of miniaturization of components used in various fields from military to civilian applications. The finite element method software Abaqus is used to model the nonlinear thermal force coupled elastic-plastic micro machining processes. Relatively systematic simulation analysis has been introduced based on the model combining the Johnson-Cook failure criteria, element deletion strategy etc. It reveals that the size effect is dominant while the depth of cut reaches the cutting edge radius. The rake angle plays more important roles on the micro machining than that of the cutting speed.


Provides for an increase in the amount of the personal exemption under the Internal Revenue Code for taxable years beginning after December 31, 1974, from $750 to $1000.


The development of football in China has a long history, but the efforts and hardships in recent decades have not received the reward they deserve. In this regard, based on the era of big data, the author studies the impact of campus football culture and construction strategies. After relevant research, the author's research suggests strengthening the campus football culture system from the perspective of strengthening the space extension of football activities inside and outside the school, improving the campus football match system and brand building, and carrying out a variety of practical activities such as football culture activities. In this way, it can promote the construction of campus football culture, promote the development of China's football culture, and promote the better progress and development of China's football industry.


The absorption and tissue distribution of OPB-2045, a new antiseptic antimicrobial drug with a biguanide moiety in the molecule, were studied in male Sprague-Dawley rats with intact or damaged skin following a single and repetitive dermal application of 0.1% 14C-OPB-2045 in a liquid formulation applied at the dose of 0.3 mg/rat to 6.25 cm2 of the skin. Comparative percutaneous absorption was also investigated in rats treated with single doses of 0.04% 14C-OPB-2045 and 14C-chlorhexidine in aqueous solution at 0.12 mg/rat to the same area of the skin. Radioactivity was hardly detected in the serum of rats with intact and damaged skin during a 24-hr period after single topical application of 0.1% 14C-OPB-2045. Urinary and fecal excretions of radioactivity within 336 hr after single dosing were 1.20/ and 4.1% of the dose, respectively, in rats with intact skin, and 2.4% and 5.0%, respectively, in rats with damaged skin, indicating no significant differences. Percutaneous absorption was estimated to be approximately 1.40/ of the total dose in rats with intact skin following repetitive dermal application of the compound. Radioactivity in various tissues was quite low except the application site of the compound, and the disappearance of radioactivity from the application site was sluggish in intact and damaged skin rats. Percutaneous absorption of 14C-OPB-2045 and 14C-chlorhexidine in aqueous solution was 4.20/ and 4.2% of the dose respectively in intact skin, and 7.1% and 3.8% respectively in damaged skin. The percutaneous absorption of OPB-2045 is thus quite poor, and essentially the same to chlorhexidine. Stratum corneum, an important tissue as a barrier controlling percutaneous absorption of chemicals does not appear to be important to the absorption of either OPB-2045 or chlorhexidine through the skin.


I review the main features of the effective field theory (EFT) behind scenarios of dynamical electroweak symmetry breaking, placing particular emphasis on the systematics and the parallels that can be drawn with Chiral Perturbation Theory. The notion of c hiral dimensions will be introduced and shown to be the right tool to describe nonlinear expansio ns. I will also discuss why such an EFT is of interest in phenomenological studies at the LHC. Th e most important aspect is that the EFT is engineered to recover the Standard Model in a particul ar limit, and therefore provides a general framework to test the Higgs hypothesis. Additional ly, I will argue that theκ formalism used currently by experimental collaborations to study Hig gs couplings at the LHC can actually be embedded into this EFT. This not only gives the κ parametrization a solid QFT foundation but also shows the way to improve it systematically, and in parti cular how to upgrade analyses on Higgs processes from the level of rates to the level of distri bu ions.


Due at contact between barrel and projectile in a shoot of a firearm, there is mark which are left in bullet's surface. These marks are characteristics of each firearm and further could be interpreted as its "fingerprint". By recognizing the characteristics which are present in these marks would lead to identify each firearm as effectively as fingerprints allows identify characters. Is presented in the present work, a set of several nature characteristics, which are useful in description of fired bullet's surface image texture.


A Social Network Group (SNG) in the context of this paper is a group of people who come together to form a small scale business. The relationship between them is business. This paper provides a formal framework for SNGs and also models a rudimentary framework for collaborations among SNGs. The chief functionality of SNGs is to execute tasks, which forms the basic reason for collaborations. So, in the process of developing a framework for collaborations, we first formalize a task and then proceed to develop framework for collaborations. Collaboration is seen as a joint effort of multiple individuals or SNGs to accomplish a task or project. This is an extremely useful feature which helps in achieving goals which are otherwise not feasible for a single individual or SNG. This paper models a rudimentary framework for collaborations and also proposes a metric of collaboration.


Abdominal aortic aneurysms are a common pathology encountered by the interventionalist. Most endovascular repairs are performed with conventional bifurcated devices. However, there are situations in which the use of an aorto-uni-iliac (AUI) device is required because the use of a bifurcated graft is not feasible. Standard indications for use of an AUI include a narrow aortic segment precluding delivery and adequate expansion of a bifurcated graft, unilateral iliac occlusion, tortuosity, severe stenosis, and the presence of iliac aneurysmal disease. Occasionally, an AUI may be used for aortoiliac occlusive disease or as a bailout technique with conventional endografting. This chapter elaborates on the use of two bifurcated stent grafts for creation of an AUI endograft.


A recently proposed swarm intelligence technique for Fuzzy Cognitive Map learning is described. The technique employs the Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm to minimize a proper objective function, whose global minimizers correspond to suboptimal weight matrices of the Fuzzy Cognitive Map. New instances of an industrial test problem are studied, justifying the usefulness of the technique as an efficient and effective algorithm for Fuzzy Cognitive Map learning.


Abstract. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between the need for powe) and cyberbullying behavior in high school adolescents in SMAN 1 Boja. The population in this study were teenagers in Boja. The sampling technique in this study used a cluster random sampling technique and obtained a research sample of 116 people. The measuring instrument in this study consisted of two scales. The cyberbullying behavior scale consists of 64 items with a reliability coefficient of 0.938 and the toxic parenting consists of 32 items with a reliability coefficient of 0.695. The analysis technique in this study uses product moment correlation. The results of the analysis of the hypothesis can be seen that there is a significant positive relationship between the toxic parenting and cyberbullying behavior, namely by knowing rxy = 0.448 with significance = 0.000 (p <0.01). The result of the effective contribution of toxic parenting on cyberbullying is 20.1%. while the remaining 79.9% is explained by other factors outside the study that can influence cyberbullying behavior. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the toxic parenting can increase cyberbullying behavior in high school teenagers in the city of Semarang.Keywords: toxic parenting, Cyberbullying, highschool teens  Abstrak. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis hubungan antara toxic parenting dengan perilaku cyberbullying pada remaja SMA N 1 Boja. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah remaja di Boja. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik cluster random sampling dan didapatkan sampel penelitian 116 orang. Alat ukur dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari dua skala. Skala perilaku cyberbullying terdiri dari 64 aitem dengan koefisien reliabilitas 0,938 dan toxic parenting   terdiri dari 32 aitem dengan koefisien reliabilitas 0,695. Teknik analisis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan korelasi product moment. Hasil analisis terhadap hipotesis dapat diketahui bahwa ada hubungan positif yang signifikan antara toxic parenting   dengan perilaku cyberbullying, yaitu dengan diketahui rxy = 0,448 dengan signifikansi = 0,000 (p<0,01). Hasil sumbangan efektif toxic parenting   terhadap cyberbullying adalah sebesar 20,1%. sedangkan sisanya 79,9% dijelaskan oleh faktor lainnya di luar penelitian yang dapat mempengaruhi perilaku cyberbullying. Berdasarkan dari hasil ini maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa toxic parenting   dapat meningkatkan perilaku cyberbullying pada remaja SMA di kota Semarang.Kata kunci: toxic parenting, perilaku cyberbullying, remaja SMA


The number of older cancer survivors is increasing as more adults survive to older ages. The objectives of this study were to examine trajectories of physical activity (PA) and physical function (PF) over a 2‐year lifestyle counseling study and to identify characteristics of the trajectory groups.


The state of exception, or however it is called, has always fascinated lawyers. To overcome an anomalous political and/or military situation confronting a State will in many cases require means not available under normal circumstances. How far should the law go in order to cope with such situations? Should it provide any exceptional means at all? How can abuses be avoided? How can the return to normalcy be assured? What can a State do in an emergency if the law has not made available special instruments, or existent provisions prove to be insufficient? May a State derogate from legal rules without being authorized by an express constitutional provision? How far do international rules determine the declaration and application of a state of exception?1 These general questions impact any discussion on the state of exception, and should be thought of before such a situation arises. The first part of my paper will present a general overview of the treatment of the state of exception under the constitutions of the German Empire, the Weimar Republic and the Basic Law, thus covering a period of time from 1871 to the present. Particular focus will be placed on legal debates concerning respective provisions. In the second part of this paper, I shall present the different states of emergency as determined by the German Basic Law and will particularly discuss to what extent the armed forces may be called in, fundamental rights affected and political and legal control mechanisms exist. A general assessment concludes my deliberations. I.


Summary: A retrospective study of patients following vaginal hysterectomy showed a postoperative morbidity of 75%. A trial of a single preoperative intravenous injection of cephalothin sodium to patients about to undergo vaginal hysterectomy showed a significant (P < 0.01) reduction in postoperative morbidity.


With the global warming, more and more frequent and serious drought stress has become one of the most leading elements limiting the cotton production. 16 cotton accessions with drought-tolerant and drought-sensitive spp. from the four cultivated species, were choosed to study the variations of protein components under drought stress. Of the tri-leaf stage of seedlings, the protein extracted method of cotton leaves was optimized, to determine four kinds of protein under the stress of the control, mild drought and heavy drought. The results indicated that there is a huge difference of protein level in different materials, Glutenin is the most, Albumin, Globin and Prolamin are relatively low; The content of protein component in leaves had a great difference in different cotton cultivars, the protein content in G.hirsutum and G.barbadense is relatively high, the content of Albumin and Globin is higher than Diploid cotton, but Globin and Prolamin in Diploid cotton is relatively high, the variation of protein contents in different


It shows that if D=Πsj=1q jΠsi=1p i,with 1≤l≤3,q j,p i being diverse odd primes,and q j≡3(mod 8),p i≡5(mod 8)or p i≡7(mod 8),then the simulataneous equations x 2- 2y 2=1 and y 2-Dz 2=4 have the only integer solution z=0。


The World Ocean Circulation Experiment has established Lagrangian observations with neutrally buoyant floats as a routine tool in the study of deep-sea currents. Here a novel variant of the well-proven RAFOS concept for seeding floats at locations where they can be triggered on a timed basis is introduced. This cost-effective method obviates the need to revisit sites with a high-priced research vessel each time floats are to be deployed. It enables multiple Lagrangian time series, for example, for the observation of intermediate point sources of water masses, which are independent but have identical start points. This can be done even in environmentally
challenging regions such as below the ice. The successfully tested autonomous float park concept does not rely on a release carousel moored on the seafloor. Instead, a second release was added to the standard RAFOS float
for optional delay of regular drift missions. A float park can easily be installed by a conductivity–temperature–depth recorder system with a slightly modified rosette sampler.


The article deals with the problem of grain batching during combine harvesting of grain crops. A special method of grain batching and a control mechanism of mechanical microdamages are suggested.


Abstrak This article trying to remind on the basic function of land as the ultimate source of living. On the author 's sight that principle deemed has been dishonored by law enforcers and government agency whom hold authority on land affairs. It has been figured out from bleeding incident in Alas Tlogo. East Java that had been triggered by land dispute. In that incident has proved syndrome of despotic's state power. Justice in land was violated by positive law in where beraucracy and administrative that still on the lack of good services reflection. At the edge has resulted court sessions which also carry out the same spirit like another government agency as said by the author like circus-clowns. By that argument the author give her explanation concerning democratic state 's idea. prosperity of people direction just happens in imagination outlook.


The effects of varying pyrolysis temperature on sol-gel PZT52/48 thin films on final film orientation and its reproducibility are reported in this paper. Optimization trials producing (100) orientated PZT found that film orientation can be selected by varying the pyrolysis temperature prior to perovskite crystallization at 540°C on a hotplate in air. Increasing the lead excess for sols from 10% to 20% was found to be essential to prevent the formation of stable, lead-deficient pyrochlore and to encourage the growth of (001) orientation. Three distinct temperature regimes were observed from pyrolysis trials: mixed orientations at temperatures less than 300°C, a predominantly (100) region between 300°C–350°C and (111) at 400°C, which was consistent between different PZT52/48 sols.


Injection drug users (IDUs) account for more than 60% of all new hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections in the United States.1,2 Fifty to eighty percent of new IDUs are infected within 6 to 12 months of initial injection.3 Current treatment regimens are not highly effective, and no vaccine against HCV is available.1,4–7

Studies suggest that drug treatment and syringe exchange programs may play a role in reducing HCV infection among participants by promoting drug abstinence or safer injection practices among those who continue to use drugs.3,8–12 The New York City Department of Health conducted a survey of local drug treatment and syringe exchange programs to determine whether their HCV screening and counseling practices were carried out, as recommended in recent federal guidelines.1


Most of my readers - those not engaged in the teaching or study of literature - probably said farewell to the Romantics when they finished reading The Ancient Mariner or The Ode to a Nightingale at school or early university; if they still read poetry it will probably be contemporary Australian poetry, as a part of Australia's cultural tradition, that interests them. Nevertheless there are still many Romantic elements in Australian culture, often unrecognized and unquestioned and yet serving to mark Australian literature off from the modern European literature which rejected Romanticism at least a generation ago.


A massive earthquake occurred in the Tohoku and Kanto regions of Japan on the 11th of March 2011. In response, a tsunami alert, a tsunami warning and an advisory were issued for the entire Pacific coast region. This research investigates the evacuation behavior of ships by AIS data in Sendai port after the tsunami warning was issued. The unusual behavior observed was attributed to the emergency evacuation of ships. We recognize the actual situation of ship refuge in the target port after the Tsunami alert. The result verified that most ships in port started to evacuate approximately 20 minutes after the major tsunami warning and completed offshore evacuation 50 minutes after this warning. Moreover, the drifting or stranding state of ships resulting from the tsunami was recognized from each ship's behaviour. This contributed in understanding the actual status of the ship refuge action, and the final goal of our research is creation of the optimal safe refuge manual for each harbour.


Website Hotel Sahid Surabaya is a web company profile in which there are functions to support the process of e-commerce suite at Mission Hotel Sahid Surabaya. The e-commerce process will be more optimal if users use website usage. But in fact from the survey conducted involving 20 people to access the website, 17 people have difficulty choosing the view that will be accessed to make an online reservation so that respondents prefer to make a reservation directly because when making a reservation via the website there is no indication that it is difficult for a user in make a reservation. During its implementation, the Sahid Hotel Surabaya website has never been evaluated. The solution to this problem is to analyze the variables that affect the acceptance of the website by using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model. This model has 4 independent variables, 4 moderating variables and 2 dependent variables. To determine the effect between variables using Structural Equation Model, Partial Least Square. The sampling technique used Ferdinand's theory with 75 respondents. Based on the results of the analysis on the model (UTAUT), it can be known that the influential variables with the T-Statistic provisions ≥ 1.96 or Pvalue ≤ 0.05 are Behavioral Intention to Use Behavior of 40.1% and Social Influence to Behavioral Intention of 33%. Based on the mean value of the influential variables, it is in the interval class (2.50-3.24) which means the respondent agrees to the statement and recommendations produced, that is, the receptionist of Hotel Sahid Surabaya offers to use the website for reservations, because if someone feels satisfied using the website it will affect the user another to use it. As for the second recommendation all information must be included on the website. Keyword : SEM, SmartPLS, Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology  (UTAUT) , Website Hotel Sahid Surabaya


Objective:To explore the correlations of TNF-α-238 site gene polymorphism and the onset of Ankylosing Spondylitis(AS)in Hunan Han population.Methods:100 AS samples(including serum and whole blood) were collected from the Department of Immunology and Rheumatology of the Second Xiangya hospital from May 2008 to Jan 2009 and 90 samples of normal people were collected as control group.We detected the TNF-α-238 gene polymorphism of these subjects by using PCR-RFLP technique.The TNF-α level in the serum samples were measured by ELISA and HLA-B27 antigen was detected by flow cytometry(FCM).Then all of the data was analyzed by SPSS13.0 software.Results:There were 95 cases with the TNF-α-238 G/G genotype in 100 AS patients,5 cases with the G/A genotype.While in the control group,TNF-α-238 G/G genotype and G/A genotype were 88 cases and 2 cases respectively.There was no TNF-α-238 A/A genotype in both groups.The allele frequencies of G in AS group was higher than in the control group(98.9% vs.97.5%),while the allele frequencies of A in AS group was lower than in the control group(1.1% vs.2.5%).However,there were no significant difference both A allele frequencies and G allele frequencies(P0.05).In addition,the average TNF-α level in AS group was higher than in the control group significantly(10.16±1.19 pg/ml vs.5.64±1.18 pg/ml).And the average TNF-α level in AS patients with the genotype of G/A was higher than that of with the G/G genotype(13.49±1.27 pg/ml vs.9.44±1.29 pg/ml).There was a very large difference of the positive ratio of HLA-B27 between two groups(χ2=114.975,P=0.000).After gene analysis of HLA-B27and TNF-α-238,the odds ratio(OR)was higher in both G/G genotype and HLA-B27 positive than HLA-B27 lonely.Conclusion:There is probably no relationship between the gene polymorphism of TNF-α-238 site and the onset of AS but the G/G genotype of TNF-α-238 may increase the sicken risk of AS in Hunan population.


Benzotriazole (BTAH) and copper ions exhibit synergistic effects on the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and corrosion behavior of iron in sulfuric acid. The presence of submicro- and micromolar amounts of Cu2+ ions along with millimolar amounts of BTAH caused order of magnitude increases in the polarization resistance of the iron/acid interface, above those caused by either BTAH or Cu2+ ions (which is equivalent to order of magnitude decreases in the corrosion rate). This was accompanied by a significant decrease in the capacity of the electrical double layer of the interface, which also showed synergistic effects. The results are interpreted in terms of the deposition, on the iron surface, of a protective film composed of a polymeric complex formed from copper ions and adsorbed BTAH that is believed to be of the form [Cu(I)BTA]n. This film inhibits the cathodic partial (hydrogen evolution) reaction, which is the rate-determining step (rds) and hence the overall corrosion reaction. An increase in t...


Abstract In auctions with correlated types it is possible to design mechanisms such that full surplus extraction can be obtained as the outcome of an equilibrium in which agents use (weakly) dominant strategies. However, it is not assured that the outcome is unique. We present an example in which no mechanism can yield the full surplus extraction outcome as the unique Bayesian equilibrium outcome. Next we show that in the standard auction model the multiplicity problem can be fully resolved using sequential mechanisms, i.e., we show that it is possible to obtain the full surplus extraction outcome as the unique perfect Bayesian equilibrium outcome. Journal of Economic Literature Classification Numbers: D44; D70.


A package strapping machine is provided with a tape rolling up device for rolling up excess tape drawn off of a tape reel. A package is strapped by a thermoplastic tape being drawn off of the tape reel and looped around the package. The tape reel is fixed to a rotatably supported shaft. The tape rolling up device includes a friction member surrounding the shaft, and a spiral spring has an inner end connected to the friction member and an outer end connected to a fixed point. The shaft includes a surface contacting the friction member, so that when the tape is drawn off, rotation of the shaft causes rotation of the friction member and tightening of the spiral spring. If tape continues to be drawn off after the spiral spring is completely tightened, slip occurs between the friction member and the shaft contact surface to allow the additional tape to be drawn off. When excess tape is then generated by tape being fed back toward the tape reel by the package strapping machine, the spiral spring has an accumulated spring force to rotate the tape reel to wind the excess tape.


An editorial is presented on the impact of Covid-19 on teacher education. Topics include important implications for stakeholders other than teachers and teacher educators, curriculum designers, educational leaders, or policy makers;and improving content knowledge of grammar and vocabulary for teaching English as a foreign language.


Abstract We examined seasonal diets of an introduced population of Dama dama dama (European Fallow Deer) on Little St. Simons Island, GA. We analyzed rumen contents from hunter-harvested deer during fall and winter of 2004–05 and 2005–06. Fecal pellets also were collected monthly from November 2004 to December 2005 and examined microscopically for unique plant-cell characteristics. Fallow Deer utilized a variety of food items based on seasonal availability, although mast and browse were the most abundant food items in the rumens examined. Fallow Deer preferred Quercus spp. (oak) acorns, but consumed more Sabal palmetto (Cabbage Palm) fruit when acorns were less abundant. Microhistological techniques underestimated the occurrence of highly digestible items such as mast, but were more effective at identifying grasses and browse. Grasses were the most common and abundant forage class in feces, with peak grass use in the summer (67%). Fallow Deer's ability to utilize a wide variety of food items including low-quality forage has contributed to their success in this barrier island ecosystem. However, low productivity, suppressed body weights, and small antler characteristics are likely due to a low-quality diet and over-population.


Abstract Gender neutral language has been one of the most hotly debated issues in Bible translation in recent decades, especially in translations into English. The article presents some aspects of this problem expanding the perspective and comparing gender neutral language usage in modern translations of Scripture into English and Polish: the New International Version and the Paulist Bible and the Poznan Bible, with occasional references to other English and Polish translations. Renditions of selected New Testament terms such as anthrōpos, anēr, adelphos/adelphoi and huioi are examined, as well as English and Polish translations of diakoneo when it describes women accompanying Jesus in the synoptic gospels. Translations of "Junia/Junius" (Rom 16:7) are also compared as well as the issue of Phoebe the "deaconess" in Rom 16:1. The author concludes that solutions concerning gender neutral language in English and Polish translations of the Bible, sometimes similar, are not identical due to differences between these languages, due to different socio-linguistic norms characterizing Polish and English audiences respectively and due to the fact that the English translation is addressed to the evangelical Christians, while the Polish ones to the Catholics.


With high recognized importance of women and entrepreneurship, women entrepreneurship has been attached almost everywhere, and the connection between motivation and venture creation is discussed am ...


Nano scale structures exhibit different mechanical behavior compared with macro scale structures. It is known that its characteristic is caused by surface effects. Generally, this size effect can be investigated by the atomistic simulation. However, the atomistic simulation has many limitations due to computational resources and time. For this motivation, it is required that a continuum based model considering surface effects should be developed. In this paper, the bridging technique between atomistic simulation and continuum models is introduced and then, the homogenization method is applied to micro/nano structures in order to analyze the thermomechanical behavior.


Traditionally, optical fiber nonlinearity is considered a limiting factor for transmission systems. Nevertheless, from a system design perspective this nonlinearity can be exploited to minimize the impact of uncertainty on the system performance. A consequence of this is that it becomes beneficial to consider the uncertainty at the design stage, resulting in a probabilistic design, rather than conventional design approaches whereby uncertainty is added by way of system margins to a deterministic design. In this paper, we conduct extensive experimental measurements to quantify the impact of uncertainty for a multispan wavelength division multiplexed system transmitting 100 GbE or 200 GbE as dual polarization quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK) or 16 quadrature amplitude modulation (16QAM), respectively. The impact of uncertainty in the power launched into a span is assessed for a 10 × 80 km link. For dual polarization (DP)-QPSK, the intralink power deviation with the probabilistic design with 100% reliability is <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\pm$</tex-math></inline-formula>1.3 dB falling to 99% reliability with <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\pm$</tex-math></inline-formula>1.6 dB. In contrast, for DP-16QAM maximum deviation for 100% reliability is <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\pm$</tex-math> </inline-formula>0.5 dB falling to 99% for <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\pm$</tex-math> </inline-formula>0.6 dB. Following this, we consider the interplay between polarization dependent loss (PDL) and fiber nonlinearity over an 8 <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times$</tex-math></inline-formula> 80 km system again for both DP-QPSK and DP-16QAM. A system Q variation of less than 0.15 dB due to the interaction between PDL and fiber nonlinearity is observed for 99.9% of examined PDL values for DP-QPSK and DP-16QAM, thereby allowing the two effects to be considered separately.


This work presents results of a sharper search for significant periodicities in Indian monsoon rainfall, based on the recognition of the area's meteorological heterogeneity. Towards this end, a quantitative definition of spectral homogeneity is proposed, and the concept is used to classify India into distinct spectrally homogeneous regions (SHR) by two independent methods. The analysis is then carried out for each of the 10 SHRs, which may cut across or be subsets of homogeneous‐rainfall zones defined earlier by various workers based on different criteria. A particularly interesting region is SHR7, the largest spectrally homogeneous cluster identified by both methods, which includes sub‐divisions from west central and peninsular India. The spectrum here shows a significant dip in the frequency band 0.2–0.31 per year, flanked on either side by a rich structure characterised by nearly coincident spectral peaks in all the seven sub‐divisions constituting the region. The significant peaks (confidence level ≥ 99%) in SHR7 are 3.0, 5.7, 10.9, 13.3, 24.0, 30.3 and 60.6 years. The spectral dip is conjectured to be associated with the ENSO (EI Niño‐Southern Oscillation) phenomenon, which occurs on the period scales of 3–5 years and is known to be anti‐correlated with monsoon rainfall. Copyright © 2009 Royal Meteorological Society


To the editor:

We read with great interest the paper written by Raymond Liang,[1][1] which represents an excellent and complete overview of the management of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection during treatment of hematologic malignancies. Nevertheless, we would like to focus on the particular


Looking back over the past 15 years, the architectural community has seen considerable consolidation in choices of quantitative performance evaluation methods. Previous generations of architecture conferences featured a gamut of evaluation schemes for new architectural proposals, including mean-value analysis and other analytical models, trace-driven simulation of various system components, execution-driven simulation based on application instrumentation, instruction-level emulators, and detailed microarchitectural simulators. Workloads also were highly divergent, often test cases hand-crafted to expose some particular architectural feature. In contrast, the overwhelming majority of papers published in major architectural conferences today use variants on a few widely-distributed detailed microarchitectural simulators (e.g., Simplescalar and, to a lesser extent, RSIM), and workloads focus primarily on SPEC, with some contributions from Olden, SPLASH, and TPC. Even publications on emerging areas of concern such as technology and power have standardized to a small number of simulators.


Abstract In recent years, yellow spots appear on the leaf of chrysanthemums in many species, which brought commercial problems. The purpose of this study is to examine the measurement of the spot in order to make the influence of environmental conditions clear. Image instrumentation with transmitted light made possible to measure the spot at early stage, which was difficult for reflected light. The method is used the gap of the light quantity between the spot and others. It is involved in chlorophylls and the use of the suitable light color make measuring easy. The portable device using this method was produced experimentally and leaf yellow spot was measured with this device, which brought the basic data, the state get worse with time and the relationship between the spot and environmental conditions.


In this paper, we introduce the concepts of fuzzy strongly (r, s)-preopen sets and fuzzy strongly (r, s)-precontinuous mappings on intuitionistic fuzzy topological spaces in Šostak's sense. The relationships among fuzzy (r, s)-continuous, fuzzy strongly (r, s)-semicontinuous, fuzzy (r, s)-precontinuous and fuzzy strongly (r, s)-precontinuous mappings are discussed. The notions of a fuzzy strongly (r, s)-preinterior and a fuzzy strongly (r, s)-preclosure are given. Using these concepts, the characterizations for the fuzzy strongly (r, s)-precontinuous mappings are obtained.


Windows 2003 system have higher function than before edition,strengthen security station and system optimize station,it will exert more better.This text will user register and gpedit tolls progress research.


A mathematical technique for solving Maxwell's equations and the Lorentz force equation with no approximations except the small-signal approximation is presented. A finite dc magnetic field parallel to the dc velocity of the charges is included. Polarization variables are used, and the boundary conditions include ac surface charge density and surface current density. The advantages of the method are that both fast waves and slow waves are included without a quasi-static approximation, and only the determinantal equation requires computer solution. The partial differential equations are solved directly and need not be solved by computer.


Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the cause of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is a type of human coronavirus that causes severe pneumonia, similar to SARS-CoV-1 and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus In Korea, the SARS-CoV-2 testing has started quickly from February 2020 to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic In this article, I would like to introduce the characteristics of coronavirus and PCR test methods that play a large role in COVID-19 quarantine measures Real-time reverse transcription (RT)-PCR is one of the molecular diagnostic method, and it detect SARS-CoV-2 RNA by amplifying SARS-CoV-2 specific RdRp (RNA-dependent RNA polymerase) gene and E (envelope) gene at the same time Real-time RT-PCR is currently the most reliable test that confirming COVID-19 and is in use worldwide Real-time RT-PCR test is recommended for COVID-19 confirmatory diagnosis in Korea, but this test requires dedicated equipment, reagents, experienced technicians and laboratory medicine specialists, and it takes about a few hours to a day to report Rapid molecular testing results in one to two hours with a simple procedure Antigen test is less sensitive than real-time RT-PCR and can only be used as a secondary role of diagnosis As the global COVID-19 pandemic progresses, diagnostic testing guidelines and recommendations may vary and will be updated as scientific evidence and experience of the COVID-19 accumulates


Xe ion beams are used for the electric propulsion implemented on satellites. Satellites frequently have long operating time over several decades. Then, satellite components are irradiated and sputtered by low energy Xe ion beams (several hundred eV ~1keV). However, there are not enough experimental sputtering data for satellite materials with their energy region. We are experimentally trying to investigate the data for each Xeq+ ion. To obtain a sufficient dose with practical irradiation time, ion beams are needed to be extracted with high energy and decelerated just before irradiation. We have constructed the ion beam irradiation system (IBIS) where we can decelerate and irradiate ion beams. We succeed in decelerating them until about 100~200 eV without almost decreasing ion beam current. These results indicate that we can obtain sufficient dose in low energy irradiation. We will conduct experiments on satellite materials in near future.


In order to assess the contribution of edible insects to the efforts for combatting food insecurity and poverty in Cote d'Ivoire, a survey aimed at identifying edible insects in Cote d'Ivoire was conducted from August 2014 to August 2015 in three communes in the city of Abidjan (Abobo, Adjame and Yopougon). Four hundred and seventy-two people were interviewed at random. The results revealed that 59.72% of the respondents consume insects against 40.27% who do not consume them. This study has helped to identify nine edible insect species belonging to eight families and five orders. The species Imbrasia oyemensis (Lepidoptera, Satunidae) and Macrotermes subhylinus (Isoptera, Macrotermitidae) are widely consumed due to their availability in markets. The species Rhyncophorus phoenicis (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) or palm tree caterpillar is one of the most prized by 40% of the surveyed population. The statistical analyses applied to the 365 people surveyed revealed that insect consumption is a function of the cultural area (X²=76.7; ddl= 4, p < 0.05) and the age ((X²=54.88, ddl=3; p < 0.05) of the consumers. In economic terms, insect trade remains a significant source of income in households having an average income estimated at 58,666.66±11216 FCFA per seller and per month. However, their availability in markets is seasonal. A mastery of the biology of these insects could ensure their permanent availability in markets.

 Key words: Edible insects, Abidjan, motivations, age, region, consumers.


Objective: Aortic stiffness (AS) is a strong predictor of cardiovascular (CV) mortality in various clinical conditions. The impact of AS on CV outcomes is mediated by the reversal of the AS gradient. Its negative prognostic significance has been studied only in the dialysis population. Aim of the study: to assess AS gradient in patients with arterial hypertension (AH) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Design and method: The study group included 90 patients (39% males,mean age 63,8 ± 11,6 years, 44% smokers, 80% with dyslipidemia, mean office BP 146 ± 23/86 ± 10 mmHg); control group included 42 patients with AH matched by basic parameters. Median duration of diabetes was 8,5 years (IQR 2;13). All patients received combined antihypertensive therapy, target BP < 140/85 mmHg was achieved in 29 (52,7%) patients. BP was measured with a validated oscillometric device. Parameters of arterial stiffness (AS) were assessed by applanation tonometry. AS gradient was calculated as carotid-femoral (cf)PWV/carotid-radial (cr)PWV and its elevation > 1 was considered as AS mismatch. p < 0,05 was considered significant. Results: Mean cfPWV was 10,5 ± 2,4 vs 9,5 ± 1,8 m/s (p = 0,04), crPWV – 8,5 ± 1,4 vs 10,4 ± 1,7 m/s (p = 0,001), AS gradient – 1,2 ± 0,3 vs 0,9 ± 0,1 (p = 0,04). Incidence of AS mismatch in the study group was 93% vs 19% in the control group (&khgr;2 = 59,5, p < 0,001) and 70% vs 9% in the group with PWV < 10 m/s respectively (&khgr;2 = 37,1, p < 0,05). Patients with AS gradient > 1,0 were older (65,2 ± 10,7 vs 59,1 ± 10,7 years), had longer median duration of DM (10 vs 3 years), higher creatinine (96,8 ± 21,1 vs 91,3 ± 22,1 &mgr;mol/l) and lower GFR (62 ± 18 vs 70 ± 20 ml/min/1,73m2), p < 0,05 for trend. Spearmen analysis revealed significant correlations between AS gradient and age (r = 0,4), DM duration (r = 0,3), creatinine (r = 0,2) and GFR (r = −0,2), p < 0,05 for trend. Age and DM duration were significant predictors of aortic-brachial stiffness mismatch (&bgr; = 0,4, p = 0,0002 and &bgr; = 0,3, p = 0,004, respectively). ROC analysis showed that presence of DM was an early factor of AS mismatch with AUC 0,849, sensitivity of 98% and specificity of 58%, p < 0,05. Conclusions: In diabetic patients with arterial hypertension AS mismatch is highly prevalent and in patients with normal PWV may be regarded as an early marker of arteriolosclerosis.


Large time-bandwidth product signals are often used to increase a sonar's resolution and target detection capability, especially in reverberation limited environments. The sonar echo is "pulse-compresse d" with a correlation receiver, which requires that the signal be known exactly to achieve best results. Uncompensated fluctuating Doppler distorts the received signal's time axis so that the signal longer matc hes the replica, which reduces the effectiveness of the Signal compression. Because of this fundamental limitation. increasing time bandwidth product wi" eventually encounter a law of diminishing returns. In this paper the effects of random fluctuating Doppler are investigated for different classes of large time bandwidth transmit waveforms including linear FM sweeps, and pseudo-random noise.


subject, but to start with we have to determine what is the terminus a quo and the terminus ad quem. We shall consider the beginning of the sixteenth century as the time of the early Reformation. We shall not take into consideration earlier concepts of Reformation. This period of early Reformation ends in the beginning of the 1530s, when positions are consolidated, thanks to diverse circumstances. About 1525 there is a parting of the ways, after which the new evangelical movement starts to establish itself. The Peasants' War played a part in this,2 but even more important was the split between Reformation and humanism: Luther and Erasmus, it becomes clear, cannot act together anymore.3 Before this, a reform of worship had established itself. The abolition of Mass, in many places preceded by iconoclastic attacks,4 resulted in institutionalising of Protestant forms of worship. In the beginning of the 1540s it became clear that, on the ecclesiastical and the theological level, the split between Rome and Reformation had become irreparable. So we will deal with the two decennia that really were the early period of the Reformation. The second term in the title of this paper,


Objective: This study aims to determine the correlation and association of systemic immune inflammation index (SII) and platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR) with anxiety levels in COVID-19 patients at Haji Adam Malik General Hospital Medan. Method: This study is a analytical-retrospective study with cross sectional design. The subjects of this study were 50 COVID-19 patients who were treated at HAM General Hospital. Result: Of the 50 study subjects, 28 (56%) were in the severe anxiety category, 15(30%) were in the moderate anxiety category, and 7(14%) were in the mild anxiety category. The average SII index of the overall subject was 29995.11 ± 4531.37 while the average overall PLR ratio was 309.75 ±253.85. Spearman correlation test showed the result of the correlation coefficient R = 0.518 with the value P = 0.0001 for the correlation of SII index and anxiety level, while for PLR ratio, the result of the correlation coefficient was R = 0.436 with the value P = 0.002. Logistic regression analysis showed the combination of SII index > 410 and PLR > 140 in COVID-19 sufferers increase the risk of severe anxiety by 9,754 times (P = 0.37; 95% CI 1,152 – 82,620) compared to patients without COVID-19. Conclusion: There is a linear relationship between the Systemic Inflammatory Index (SII) and platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR) with a BAI score that indicates anxiety levels.


Modern wideband transceivers that supports several different wireless communication standards require flexible intermediate frequency (IF) chains. Active low-pass filters are essential blocks in all transceiver architectures and their IF chain designs. In this paper, an active low-pass filter with a variable filter order and cut-off frequency is proposed. The filter order control gives a possibility to optimize the IF chain for different modes of transceiver operation like reduced power consumption or/and noise. The proposed filter can achieve a 6th, 4th or 2nd order low-pass filter response with a tunable cut-off frequency from 20MHz to 120MHz. The proposed design was verified with Cadence using a 65nm CMOS technology.


Narrowing the gap in the quality between rural schools has been the focus of education policies around the world all the time.The way of merging rural schools to build school-combinations,is one of strategies used by many developing countries.By implementing different models of sharing educational resource,all the schools in the district can share the high-quality educational resources,this approach has greatly promoted the balanced development of education.The success of school-combination depends on the government's values of promoting education equity and the rational allocation of educational resources carried out by the central schools.


This work aims to present a documentary sources guide on public health in the First Brazilian Republic, combining in a single finding aid a significant part of the documentary heritage on this subject and thus providing access and preservation of this documentation in the form of registration of its information. To this goal, it intends to discuss the pertinence of the proposed thematic and temporal clipping for the guide, to study the importance of the finding aids that Archival Science traditionally uses in its methodological processes and to investigate more precisely the functionality of such a guide, a documentary selection and its relations with broader actions to protect the national documentary heritage.