Miscanthus spp. are increasingly cultivated in cropland worldwide due to their bioenergy potential and multiple ecological services. Effects of long‐term cropland‐to‐Miscanthus conversion without N fertilizer on soil microbiome and N cycling largely remain unknown. We aimed to explore the effects of Miscanthus conversion on soil microbiome and N cycling over a 15‐year period. We analyzed diversity, composition, and abundance of bacterial and archaeal communities using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, and abundances of N‐cycling‐related genes using quantitative polymerase chain reaction of 0–10 cm soils collected from bare land, cropland, 10‐year Miscanthus × giganteus, and 15‐year Miscanthus sacchriflorus land in Beijing. Conversion decreased soil sand and micro‐aggregate proportion, nitrate N (NiN), available phosphorus levels, conductivity, temperature, and pH, while increasing proportion of soil clay and macro‐aggregate (MAA), soil organic C (SOC), available N (AN), exchangeable Mg2+ (EMg2+), and available potassium (AK) contents as well as microbial C/N. Consequently, diversity, composition, and abundance of soil bacterial community exhibited larger changes than those values of archaeal community after conversion. Soil AP, EMg2+, AK, and SOC were key factors in shifting microbiome from the cropland to Miscanthus pattern. Moreover, abundances of bacterial and archaeal communities and the N fixer gene nifH increased, whereas that of the bacterial ammonia monooxygenase gene decreased. The copies of other N‐cycling‐related genes in the two Miscanthus lands seemed similar to those values of cropland. The nifH copies negatively correlated with soil NiN and positively correlated with AN, EMg2+, ECa2+, SOC, AK, and MAA. We conclude that changes in soil microbiome pattern induced by the variation of soil properties enhance microbial N fixation potential, maintaining stable N levels and robust N cycling with lower N leakage risk after conversion. These results should inspire farmers and governments to large‐scale use Miscanthus on marginal cropland in Northern China.


A network-based system of providing an advertisement stream to at least one user, the system including a computing cloud receiving different media data from a plurality of advertisement data sources and generating from said media data at least one advertisement data stream to be provided to at least one remote user; a network entity transmitting said at least one advertisement data stream to a user device of the at least one user; the user device displaying the content of the at least one advertisement data stream within a network-based online presentation.


The increasing availability of high speed balancing facilities requires the manufacturer and/or ultimate user to se riously consider a rates speed rotor balance. In addition, the development of the "influence coefficient" method of balanc ing as a complement to the modal technique has established increased balancing reliability. The present paper develops the aspects of flexible rotor balancing which should be evaluated when considering the necessity and benefits of a rated speed balance. Three classes of industrial turbomachine rotors are investigated using a "rotor response" and an "influence coefficient" computer balance program. These results illustrate the concepts established in the analysis and present a practical example of how the influ ence coefficient and modal balancing methods complement one another, resulting in a complete approach to balancing.


Three factors are important when the ayerage fiscal court sits down to talk about an annual county road program: money, supervision and politics. The manner of dealing with these problems determines the results of every road program. How does the county road engineer figme in any part of this whole picture, except that of fmnishing supervision? The purpose of this discussion is to evaluate his services to a county. Where a county has a road engineer he should consult with the fiscal court when the road program is being planned in its initial stages. Because of his ability to determine the relative importance of roads, as regards their use by the traveling public and their benefit to ·those living on them, he can point o.ut which roads deserve first consideration. Demands for road improvements on the part of the people always exceed the ability of the county to pay the costs of sucl;i. Some one who is properly informed must select those roads that merit preference over and above other roads, and this person should be the county road engineer. Once a road plan for the current year is agreed upon by the fiscal court, the county road engineer should be able to inform the fiscal court of the approximate amount of money required by him to perform the program. Of course, no county ever has enough money to do more than a fractional part of what is clamored for by certain individuals. Finally, an allocation is set up in the budget of a definite sum for the road department. From then on, however, the county road engineer's function, from the money angle, has just begun. He must keep one eye glued on the budget throughout the year. His schedule must be so adjusted that the necessary construction and maintenance work can be done at the proper time and emergencies can be met at any time on the road system. Counties that have road engineers can centralize their entire highway system under the constant supervision of one responsible person. In counties where the magistrates dominate the spending of the road fond, the money is divjded equally according to districts without any thought of the overall system; and sometimes there are as many as


This paper establishes a non-stochastic analogue of the celebrated result by Dubins and Schwarz about reduction of continuous martingales to Brownian motion via time change. We consider an idealized financial security with continuous price process, without making any stochastic assumptions. It is shown that almost all sample paths of the price process possess quadratic variation, where "almost all" is understood in the following game-theoretic sense: there exists a trading strategy that earns infinite capital without risking more than one monetary unit if the process of quadratic variation does not exist. Replacing time by the quadratic variation process, we show that the price process becomes Brownian motion. This is essentially the same conclusion as in the Dubins–Schwarz result, except that the probabilities (constituting the Wiener measure) emerge instead of being postulated. We also give an elegant statement, inspired by Peter McCullagh's unpublished work, of this result in terms of game-theoretic probability.


This study analyzes the impact of international migration and remittances on the rural socioeconomic order in Egypt. The empirical findings show that age marital status employment size of land farmed and number of household males over 13 years are all statistically related to the decision of an individual to go work abroad. The variables age size of land farmed employment as a "student" and number of household males over 13 years of age are all negatively related to the decision to work abroad while the influence of all the other variables is positive. The study shows that the remittance earnings of migrants abroad had a negative impact on rural income distribution in Egypt. The data indicate that remittances from abroad worsened rural household income distribution--both in gross terms and in per capita terms--because they were earned mainly by upper income villagers. Regardless of whether households are ranked in terms of gross income or per capita income households in the top income quintile benefited the most from remittances. The findings thus tend to confirm those of Gilani Khan and Iqbal and of Lipton to the effect that international remittances have a deleterious effect on rural income distribution because they are earned mainly by upper income villagers. However it should be noted that the negative impact of remittances on rural income distribution was neither automatic nor inevitable. In the once-abroad category of migrants the poorest households did send virtually the same number of workers abroad as households in the upper income groups. Had households sending migrants abroad been as evenly distributed in the past it may be logically inferred that the impact of remittances on rural income distribution would also have been more equitable.


Recently, On-demand software and subscription based business model has been touted as the wave of the future to replace the traditional licensed software. Web delivered applications are perfect SaaS (software as a service) because of the characteristics like easy-to-use, central management, and global deliverable etc. However, this novel business model also involve many different roles owning their specific value proposition and needs. This talk will review the challenges and introduce our proposed technical solution and experience in the industry practice, to set up an effective and profitable SaaS ecosystem for the large-scale service provider to deliver internet-based business services to a huge amounts of clients by working with plenty of service vendors.


ObjectiveTo study the relationship of nitricoxide synthase (NOS)/nitric oxide (NO) system and recurrent febrile seizures (FS). MethodsFS in rats was induced ten times, once every 2 days. In a bath of warm water, developing rats were randomly divided into two groups: control group and warm water-treated group. The latter was further divided into hyperthermia group and FS group. The expression of neuronal NOS (nNOS) mRNA was observed in cortex of rats used in situ hybridization. The concentration of NO in brain and plasma was detected by the spectrophotometer. The concentration of cGMP in brain was detected by radioimmunoassay. ResultsInduced nNOS-positive neurons were significantly increased in deep layer of the cortex in FS group, while few nNOS-positive neurons were observed in hyperthermia group and only constitutive nNOS-positive neurons were observed in control group. There was no significant difference in NO concentration in brain and plasma among the three groups. cGMP concentration significantly increased in FS group as compared with those in hyperthermia group and control group. Conclusion Recurrent FS in rats could cause the increase of nNOS mRNA expression in brain at 24h after the last FS but the level of NO did not increase. cGMP concentration increase in brain tissue may be induced by other pathway.


Thermoplastic composites exhibit strong time-dependent behavior in the matrix-dominated transverse and off-axis loading: strength depends on the applied strain rate and they are highly prone to creep and fatigue failure. Hence, it is of utmost importance to predict their time-dependent behavior to use them effectively in engineering applications. Accurate prediction of the time-dependent behavior requires the identification of the failure mechanisms. Neat thermoplastics, which play a significant role in the transverse and off-axis failure of composites, exhibit plasticity-controlled failure at high stresses and low failure times and crack growth-controlled failure at low stresses and long times-to-failure. Although crack growth controlled nature of the failure is widely mentioned for the continuous fiber-reinforced composites, plasticity-controlled failure had not yet been identified. Hence, this thesis aims to identify the role of plasticity-controlled failure in the matrix-dominated, time-dependent failure of continuous fiber-reinforced composites, enabling accurate prediction of their time-dependent behavior. Firstly, we identify the role of plasticity-controlled failure mechanism in several unidirectional (UD) material systems, glass/iPP, carbon/PEEK, and carbon/PEKK, loaded in the transverse direction at room temperature. In further studies, we investigate the time-dependent behavior of glass/iPP in more detail by studying the effect of elevated temperatures and processing. Later, the relation between the time-dependent behavior of the neat matrix and the transversely loaded unidirectional composite is studied both experimentally and numerically with a micromechanical finite element model. In the last scientific chapter, the effect of the off-axis angle on the time-dependent behavior is identified and an anisotropic, viscoelastic-viscoplastic constitutive model is applied to predict the off-axis UD stress-strain response. Plasticity is found to play a crucial role for glass/iPP, being the only mechanism observed over the whole experimental time range, temperatures, and off-axis angles investigated. The time-dependent behavior of the neat matrix and the composite are found to be related: similar to neat iPP, glass/iPP is shown to exhibit multi-process deformation. Lifetime is predicted well by an analytical method using the Ree-Eyring approach and the concept of critical strain. It is found that the constitutive model applied successfully describes the off-axis UD stress-strain response for a large range of off-axis angles.


The paper discusses the parallelization of Stochastic Evolution metaheuristic, identifying effective parallel strategies for a distributed parallel environment. Multiobjective VLSI cell placement is used as the optimization problem. A comprehensive set of parallelization approaches are tested and an effective strategy is identified in terms of two underlying principles: effective workload division and the effect of parallelization on metaheuristic's search intelligence. The strategies are compared with another similar evolutionary metaheuristic called Simulated Evolution and the interrelation between effective parallelization and algorithm's intelligence is highlighted using effective parallelization of stochastic evolution, the parallelized version of which has not been presented before.


Efficient catalysts for energy conversation from wastewater and energy storage are still existing. The effective hydrogen energy production through lower energy consumption is considered as a promi...


agency" (p. 3). Ours is a moment of "unraveling" where the logics and practices of modernity that shaped a vision of church leaders as experts, managers, and professionals has been exposed as insufficient and unreliable sources for moving forward. Although this unraveling began before COVID-19, the global pandemic has hastened and amplified an invitation to abandon the mechanisms of the Euro-Tribal church in favor of communities discerning and discovering the fermenting work of the Holy Spirit in their neighborhoods. Joining God in the Great Unraveling has the subtitle, Where We Are & What I've Learned. While it is a work focused on the question of how church leaders and congregations can join God in the places and with the people where the Spirit's work is unfolding, it is told from the perspective of Roxburgh's own theological journey with this question. Throughout the book, we are introduced to several "conversation partners," which vary from Leanne Betasamosake Simpson, a sociologist and scholar who re-entered her indigenous North American context and discovered resurgence in the face of dispossession, to the Catholic, social theorist, Ivan Illich who challenges the hegemonic culture of technocratic modernity. These various dialog partners provide Roxburgh with metaphors and experiences that inform his vision of church life and leadership that is centered on practicing being with God and others through the ordinary rhythms of life while being open to how God is reweaving the life of the world in this season of disruption. What Beaumont and Roxburgh offer through their respective studies is practical and faithful wisdom for leaders and congregations in a particular moment of significant social and ecclesial reevaluation and reimaging. Neither seeks to package their vision as a set of solutions or new techniques. This will disappoint readers still in search of sure and certain ways to lead in a way that reflects the success of their favorite business or tech hero. Instead of solutions, as fellow travelers into new territory, Beaumont and Roxburgh draw widely and deeply on various traditions of thought and practice that can help equip readers with clearer sight when the way forward remains cloudy. So equipped, the prudent and wise leader replaces the tools of expertise and professionalism with a courageous trust grounded in the practices of listening and vulnerability that allow us to discern and join God in the emergence (Beaumont) and reweaving (Roxburgh) of our communities into communities of humility, patience, courage, and joy.


Despite widespread use of early generation testing and selection (EGT) in breeding for self-pollinated crops, its effectiveness remains largely an unresolved issue. This issue is tackled here using elaborated genetic models that enable genetic and nongenetic effects to be assessed for the effectiveness of EGT in terms of (i) the selection response at one or more early generations relative to the response to direct selection at homozygosity and (ii) the probability of retaining superior lines selected during EGT. The selection response to EGT is analyzed for a model with quadratic genetic components due to additive, dominance, additive × additive, and linkage effects in selfed populations derived from a cross between two inbreds. The response to one cycle of EGT is less than the response to direct selection and decreases with nonadditive effects, repulsion linkage and reduced heritabilities. The cumulative response to two or more cycles of EGT is greater than the response to direct selection unless there are strong nonadditive effects, strong repulsion linkage, and low heritabilities. The probability of retaining a superior line at EGT decreases with increased nonadditive effects and low heritabilities. The proportion of lines needed to minimize the risk of erroneously culling superior lines increases with increased nonadditive effects and low heritabilities. Thus, EGT should be used for population or traits with little nonadditive effects, coupling linkage and high heritabilities.


In a cardiac procedure room, ventilated by a ventilation and air-conditioning system with turbulent mixed airflow, a protection zone in the operating area could be defined through visualization of airflows. Within this protection zone, no turbulence was detectable in the room air. Under the given conditions, disinfection of all surfaces including all furniture and equipment after the last operation and subsequent draping of furniture and all equipment that could not be removed from the room with sterile surgical drapes improved the indoor room air quality from cleanroom class C to cleanroom class B. This also allows procedures with elevated requirements to be performed in room class 1b.


This article examines evolving gendered protection narratives surrounding four 'abduction' cases in which Sahrawi refugee girls and young women living in Spain were 'abducted' by their birth-families and forcibly returned to the Algerian-based Sahrawi refugee camps between 2002 and 2009. By exploring Spanish state and civil society responses to these girls' 'abductions', I argue that there has been a major shift in the ways in which legitimate responsibility and authority over Sahrawi refugee women as Muslim female forced migrants have been conceptualised and invoked by Spanish actors. I therefore assess the gendered nature of competing claims of responsibility to 'protect' Sahrawi refugee women both within and outside of the Algerian-based Sahrawi refugee camps, exploring the motivations and implications of different actors' in/actions towards these girls and women. With Polisario claiming to represent and act as a liberal 'state' committed to protecting the rights of its 'refugee-citizens' in some instances, while denying politico-legal responsibility in others, the question of 'who' or 'what' claims the legitimate authority to 'protect' Sahrawi refugee women and girls is thus accentuated by such cases. By exploring shifts in Spanish public and political discourses of responsibility over the past decade on the one hand, and the accentuation of competing discourses as presented by Spanish, Polisario and Algerian actors on the other, this article highlights the complex nature and implications of the 'intimate' Spanish civil society networks that ensure the physical and political survival of the Sahrawi refugee camps. Ultimately, I argue that Sahrawi girls and women have become hypervisible in Spain, being conceptualised as women who 'belong' to the Spanish nation that in turn has a responsibility to 'protect' 'our' Sahrawi women from 'their' culture.


Vol. 28, No. 2, 2018, Nuclear Physics News 3 The youngest university in the Kingdom of Saudi-Arabia was founded 12 years ago in Jazan (Gizan) in the South of the country at the Red Sea, some 60 km from the border to Jemen. Jazan University organizes annually the "Saudi International Meeting on Frontiers of Physics." This spring, from 27 February until 1 March, the sixth in the series was held, after calling off the 2017 meeting, because the visa for the foreign guests could not be provided in time. This year the foreign guests were welcomed with extraordinary, Arabic, hospitality. There were Albert de Roeck, CERN and University of Antwerp, Jorgen d'Hondt, Brussels, both are leading persons in the CMS experiment, of which Jazan University is a cooperating member, and Sabieh Anwar, Lahore, Pakistan, and I (Thomas Faestermann) from the Technical University of Munich. At the opening ceremony all guest speakers received a statue of thanks from the hands of the university president Dr. Mar'ie bin Hussein Al-Qahtani (as seen in the author photo). De Roeck gave two presentations, one on Nobel prizes in physics with large experiments and one on particle physics at CERN. D'Hondt talked on particle physics in Europe. Anwar presented possibilities for making use of the advanced technology for smart phones in experiments and lab courses for high school and first year physics students. I reviewed the Munich experiments which prove the deposition on Earth and Moon of the radionuclide 60Fe, produced by close supernovae about 2 million years ago. Besides the plenary sessions in the morning there were two parallel sessions in the afternoons with contributions from physicists from SaudiArabia, other Arab countries, or Arabs researching abroad. Subjects were: Quantum Optics, Photonics, Plasmonic Physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, Material Science, Nuclear and Particle Physics, Nanoscience, and Interdisciplinary Physics. The remarkable observation was the strong participation of female physicists. From the 28 contributions in the first parallel session 16 were presented by women. According to the rules in Saudi Arabia, the female participants had their space in the upper part of the lecture hall, dressed in the customary black abaya and niqab. They could present their work and discuss science freely. Up there also was the ladies' microphone. And in the discussions there always was the question for discussion contributions from the ladies' site. In his opening, and even stronger in his closing remarks, the chairman of the meeting, Prof. Ali Al-Kamli, emphasized the need to further the education of Saudi women in science. He also organized a meeting between eight (young?) women and the guests, de Roeck, and me. One of their concerns was the quality of their English. That was quite good, but with a distinct Indian/Pakistani accent; understandably, because their teachers have to be female and therefore are foreigners. And they all expressed interest in continuing their physics education abroad, predominantly at CERN. The possibility to go abroad exists for Saudi women, now even without a male companion from their family. However, de Roeck had to explain that CERN does not educate physicists, but only the universities doing experiments at CERN. I could not convey my view that participation in a small experiment can teach much more skills. The main motivation seemed the urge for more independence. I guess the ruling persons in SaudiArabia realize, that the people cannot be fed from the oil alone, but that higher education is very important for the future of the country, and that not half of the brains can be excluded from the work force, just because they are female. And we from the West, who are a little ahead in the development – it is just 50 years ago that Swiss women obtained the right to vote – can help in this process already by exposing Saudi people to foreign views. After politics and economics, it is science, where communication across the border starts to become possible.


Spectral characteristics of specific detectivity D*((lambda) m) and noise equivalent temperature difference NETD*((lambda) m) were calculated for background noise limited thermal detectors with restricted spectral range ((lambda) m - cut-off wavelength). In the actual spectral range ((lambda) m<15 micrometers ) thermal detectors are able to ensure the same values of D*((lambda) m) and NETD*((lambda) m) as for quantum detectors. NETD*((lambda) m) and D*((lambda) m) values are shown to be connected by `kT2-rule': NETD*((lambda) m) - (root)2kT2D*((lambda) m). It was accentuated that this rule may be applied to quantum photodetectors but with some definitions. The approximations were offered permitting to calculate values of D*((lambda) m) and NETD*((lambda) m) in all spectral ranges with the accuracy of not worse than 2%. It was shown that as D*((lambda) m) of an ideal thermal detector with a cold filter increases the cooling temperature necessary for achievement of theoretical limited values of D*((lambda) m) and NETD*((lambda) m) also increases. Such a behavior is opposite to that known for quantum photodetectors.


The hereditary neuromuscular syndrome of the mouse, "arrested development of righting response" (ADR), is characterized by after‐contractions of skeletal muscle. In order to analyze the etiology of this hereditary defect, mutant and wildtype muscle fibers were studied by intracellular recording. Direct stimulation of ADR muscle fibers elicited runs of action potentials of 1–5 seconds duration, with declining amplitudes and varying frequencies. The electrical after‐activity coincided with after‐contractions of the fiber, and both phenomena could be suppressed by the membrane‐stabilizing drug tocainide. Since similar runs of APs were observed with wildtype muscle in chloride‐free medium, the possible involvement of chloride conductance in the ADR syndrome was studied. Although membrane time constants in wildtype muscle were 4 times prolonged in chloride‐free medium, those of ADR muscle were only 1.4 times longer. This finding indicated a drastic reduction of chloride conductance of the ADR muscle membrane. We conclude that ADR is a myotonia, related in its etiology to hereditary myotonias of man.


The principal aim of masonry primers is to prevent defects such as flaking, blistering, efflorescence and non-uniform final appearance - color This means that they should show cohesion / penetration properties to overcome porosity of the substrate and to behave as a barrier against liquid water and alkalinity. Ideally, the primer should also be insensitive to climatic conditions during its application and drying. Two basic types of primer are generally found: clear and pigmented systems These exist in both solvent borne and water borne versions Solvent borne primers are traditionally used for the 'difficult' surfaces which are encountered in renovation work (friable masonry. old chalking paint, etc). New masonry is often considered, perhaps mistakenly, to be a less risky surface to paint, and this is where water-borne primers find their principal application. However, this part of the market cannot be considered as 'safe', because competitive pressures are such in the construction industry that there is a desire to apply the paint before the concrete or cement has had sufficient time to fully cure, or alternatively where building practices are of poor standard which in itself presents particular challenges to the coating system. Under these circumstances water borne primers are frequently unable to meet the demanding requirements of the application, and a solvent-borne primer is the only option which offers any guarantee of success. The common properties of Pliolite based primers, like alkali and efflorescence resistance, penetration/adhesion, film formation independent from the drying conditions, have been already demonstrated in previous articles. But an additional feature can be presented regarding the use of 'premix plaster', a typical Italian substrate, used for exterior and interior. This material shows the common characteristics of masonry substrate: it is alkaline and it is porous. Furthermore, it contains a high water content and therefore takes a very long time to dry. Consequently it is recommended to wait 28 days prior to coating. In practice, because of pressure on paint jobs, painters are interested to coat it within 2 -3 days


Mining association rules is one of the important aspects in knowledge discovery domain. The problem of mining association rules is simply reviewed in the paper. The advantage and disadvantage of Apriori algorithm of conventional association rules are analyzed. A more efficient algorithm for mining association rules based on transaction database TB-MA is designed. The experiments show that TB-MA is effcient.


To change government function should be from the following: ⅰ.to reasonably demarcate the power between government and society;ⅱ.to separate policy function from management function;ⅲ.to disjoin public administration and public enterprise to change public enterprise organizations into NGO;ⅳ.to develop NPO and forge favorable relationship between government and society;ⅴ.to introduce competitive mechanism to raise public service quality.


The invention discloses a catalyst sulfurization method of a diesel hydrotreating technique, which comprises the following steps: normally operating a high-sulfur diesel hydrotreating device; (2) filling an oxidation-state diesel hydrogenation catalyst into the diesel hydrotreating reactor; (3) regulating the desulfurization rate of a recycle-hydrogen hydrogen sulfide remover in the high-sulfur diesel hydrotreating device; (4) introducing the hydrogen-sulfide-containing gas discharged from the recycle-hydrogen hydrogen sulfide remover of the high-sulfur diesel hydrotreating device into the hydrotreating device, and sulfurizing the catalyst of the diesel hydrotreating device; (5) sulfurizing according to the normal sulfurization conditions of the diesel hydrotreating device; and (6) after the sulfurization is finished, carrying out recycle hydrogen recycling operation of the diesel hydrotreating device, regulating the reaction temperature, and switching to raw oil to carry out the diesel hydrotreating reaction. The method disclosed by the invention can enhance the sulfurization efficiency and reduce the consumption of the sulfurizing agent.


Brain tumors may involve either the spinal cord or brain, and include a variety of cell types that have different patterns of occurrence, different outcomes, and may have different causes. The most common types of brain tumors are gliomas, arising from structural, non-neural cells in the brain, and accounting for about 60% of primary malignant brain tumors overall. These cancers are frequently highly invasive. Meningiomas, arising from the covering around the brain or spinal cord, account for about 20% of brain cancers and are generally more benign. Specific types of tumors can also arise in the pituitary gland, the pineal gland, or the vestibular nerve.


The development of morphology of electrodeposited zinc was investigated by studying the initial stages of deposition. Zinc was deposited galvanostatically from 1.0 M ZnCl/sub 2/ electrolyte (0.7 < pH < 4.6) on rotating disc electrodes at current densities from 5 to 130 ma/cm/sup 2/. Pine glassy carbon, Union Carbide pyrolytic graphite, Gould pyrolytic graphite, Exxon graphite loaded polymer, and platinum substrates were used. The number densities of nodules (diameter greater than 1 ..mu..m), typically encountered during incipient morphological development, were measured using scanning electron microscopy and image analysis. Nodule densities up to 7 x 10/sup 4/ nodules/mm/sup 2/ were measured.


Through the explanation and analysis of English countries' modern and contemporary articles selected in advanced English which is the fundamental compulsory course of English majors in the third and fourth years,making the students master the key points and cultivating their independent learning and research ability,integrating the teaching practice of this course,a teaching mode with the goal of promoting students' self-confidence and realizing teaching objective which utilizes kinds of teaching methods and stimulates students' learning interests and obligations is put forward.The good effect of this teaching mode is proved by practices.


The invention relates to an air-conditioner, in particular to a method for automatically detecting the lack of refrigerant in the air-conditioner. The invention discloses a method for automatically detecting the lack of refrigerant in the air-conditioner in order to solve the problems that the prior art can not automatically detect the fault of the lack of refrigerant or give an alarm to result in high maintenance cost and low maintenance efficiency. The automatic detecting method comprises the following steps of: detecting the difference between the indoor temperature and the temperature of an inner coiled tube, the difference between the outdoor temperature and the temperature of an outer coiled tube and the running current value of a compressor at real time after the air-conditioner runs; and compared with the normal conditions, judging whether the large deviation exists or not so as to judge whether the present refrigerant lacks or not. The invention has the advantages of automatically detecting the fault of the lack of refrigerant in the air-conditioner, immediately giving an alarm, reminding users of the associated maintenance, reducing the maintenance cost and improving the efficiency; and the invention is suitable for detecting whether the air-conditioner lacks of refrigerant or not.


The computer program TCPNET is a tool for the analysis of thermochemical pipeline (TCP) applications of the high-temperature gas reactor (HTGR) to specific industrial areas. The product considered is industrial process heat, in the form of steam and/or direct heat, which is geographically distributed to a large number of individual-plant users. The TCPNET computer program is designed to analyze the thermochemical pipeline network and associated methanators for a realistic distribution of potential industrial users.


Part I: A Historical Perspective. Fiske, Core Social Motivations: Views from the Couch, Consciousness, Classroom, Computers, and Collectives. Part II:Forms and Systems of Motivation. Different Forms of Motivation. Leary, Cox, Belongingness Motivation: The Mainspring of Social Action. Thompson, Schlehofer, The Many Sides of Control Motivation: Motives for High, Low, and Illusory Control. Taylor, Sherman, Self-Enhancement and Self-Affirmation: The Consequences of Positive Self-Thoughts for Motivation and Health. E. Harmon-Jones, C. Harmon-Jones, Cognitive Dissonance Theory: An Update with a Focus on the Action-Based Model. Kruglanski, Chun, Motivated Closed-Mindedness and Its Social Consequences. Senko, Durik, Harackiewicz, Historical Perspectives and New Directions in Achievement Goal Theory: Understanding the Effects of Mastery and Performance - Approach Goals. Greenberg, Solomon, Arndt, A Basic but Uniquely Human Motivation: Terror Management. Batson, Ahmad, Powell, Stocks, Prosocial Motivation. Ferguson, Hassin, Bargh, Implicit Motivation: Past, Present, and Future. Motivational Systems. Molden, Lee, Higgins, Motivations for Promotion and Prevention. Berntson, Cacioppo, The Neuroevolution of Motivation. Mikulincer, Shaver, Contributions of Attachment Theory and Research to Motivation Science. Shah, Kruglanski, Structural Dynamics: The Challenge of Change and Goal Systems. Part III: Motivational Processes and Differences. Motivational Processes and Goal Pursuits. Elliot, Fryer, The Goal Construct in Psychology. Lockwood, Pinkus, The Impact of Social Comparisons on Motivation. Aarts, Dijksterhuis, Dik, Goal Contagion: Inferring Goals from Others' Actions - and What It Leads to. Fishbach, Trope, Implicit and Explicit Counteractive Self-Control. Koole, Kuhl, Dealing with Unwanted Feelings: The Role of Affect Regulation in Volitional Action Control. Carver, Scheier, Feedback Processes in the Simultaneous Regulation of Action and Affect. Gollwitzer, Parks-Stamm, Jaudas, Sheeran, Flexible Tenacity in Goal Pursuit. Chartrand, Dalton, Cheng, The Antecedents and Consequences of Nonconscious Goal Pursuit. Higgins, Regulatory Fit. Vohs, Baumeister, Can Satisfaction Reinforce Wanting?: A New Theory about Long-Term Changes in Strength of Motivation. Motivational Differences. Pomerantz, Shim, The Role of Goal Investment in Self-Regulation: Benefits and Costs. Dweck, Grant, Self-Theories, Goals, and Meaning. Morling, Kitayama, Culture and Motivation. Diekman, Eagly, Of Men, Women, and Motivation: A Role Congruity Account. Linnenbrink-Garcia, Fredricks, Developmental Perspectives on Achievement Motivation: Personal and Contextual Influences. Sheldon, The Interface of Motivation Science and Personology: Self-Concordance, Quality Motivation, and Multilevel Personality Integration. Part IV: Applications of Motivational Research. Well-Being and Optimal Functioning. Blascovich, Challenge, Threat, and Health. Rothman, Hertel, Baldwin, Bartels, Understanding the Determinants of Health Behavior Change: Integrating Theory and Practice. Twenge, Social Exclusion, Motivation, and Self-Defeating Behavior: Why Breakups Lead to Drunkenness and Ice Cream. King, Personal Goals and Life Dreams: Positive Psychology and Motivation in Daily Life. Intergroup and Interpersonal Relations. Murray, When Self-Protection Hurts: Satisfying Connectedness Motivations in Close Relationships. Finkel, Rusbult, Prorelationship Motivation: An Interdependence Theory Analysis of Situations with Conflicting Interests. Gable, Strachman, Approaching Social Rewards and Avoiding Social Punishments: Appetitive and Aversive Social Motivation. Stroessner, Scholer, Making Things Better and Worse: Multiple Motives in Stereotyping and Prejudice. Pietrzak, Liviatan, Mandisodza, Napier, System Justification as Conscious and Nonconscious Goal Pursuit.


•HIND INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY• ABSTRACT The study was conducted in randomly selected three villages of Hisar district namely Durjanpur, Singran and Dhani Kushal on randomly selected 90 children from Anganwadi and nursery schools to assess their cognitive abilities in terms of perception, classification, reasoning, language and memory and concept formation. The children were placed under low, medium and high categories on the basis of optimum scores obtained on particular parameter of cognitive abilities. Comparative cognitive assessment of children from indicated that nursery school children performed better than Anganwadi children on all parameters of cognitive abilities. Majority of Anganwadi children's performance in terms of memory and concept related aspects was of low extent, however on perception and language related parameters it was of medium extent. Majority of children from Anganwadis could classify means of transport and utility items but they performed very badly in classifying colures and size. Performance of nursery school children in terms of perception, reasoning, memory and concept related parameters was of medium extent in majority of cases, however their language abilities were of high extent in more than fifty per cent cases. . Assessmant of cognitive abilities of rural children B.YADAV, R.DAHIYA, P. KUNDU AND K.SABHARWAL


ABSTRACT The lack of sensorial input in the e-commerce domain impairs consumers' online apparel purchases. Therefore, it is important to identify possible compensatory cues to present the 'feel' of a garment in an enhanced way. This study investigates how visual interpretation of the feel of fabrics is related to the actual feel. Haptic textile attributes of seven fabric swatches were quantified in an online questionnaire (part I), simulating an online shopping experience. Separately, a physical assessment of samples mailed to participants (part II), simulating an in-person shopping experience, was performed. Part I and II comprised 20 participants each. No robust significant difference was found between sex. The comparison of the visual only and the visual-haptic assessment showed higher variability and lower scores of the haptic attributes in the visual only session. Especially textile surface structure related haptic attributes could not be conveyed visually and needed tactile sensory input to assess.


This article aims to study the role of gold quoted on the Shanghai Gold Exchange in the diversification of Chinese portfolios using a mean-risk and stochastic dominance analysis. With the 2004–2014 period, our results show that in general, risk-averse investors prefer not to include gold while risk-seeking investors prefer to include it in their stock–bond portfolios, especially in crisis periods. This result is found to be time-varying but not time-frequency dependent and the inclusion of the risk-free asset does not induce relevant impacts. Furthermore, risk-seekers prefer including gold in an equal-weighted portfolio while risk-averters prefer including gold in efficient portfolios.


The study was carried out in Mossoro, in the State of Rio Grande do Norte and had as objectives to identify morphometrical data from species of Eimeria genus, to determine occurrence and respective frequencies in young and adult animals, as well as to compare infection intensity in different species. Twenty ranches were visited and feces from 478 animals from both sexes were examined, being 218 under 12 months of age and 260 adults. Eimeria oocysts were found in all surveyed properties, infecting 92.47% of examined animals. Young goats were more affected (95.41%) and shed higher quantities of oocysts in feces than adult animals. Adults presented also high percentages of infection (90.00%). It was not observed any clinical symptoms in the animals. Nine species of Eimeria were identified, presenting the following percentages for young and adult animals, respectively: E. arloingi (37.75%, 42.22%), E. alijevi (14.15%, 10.85%), E. hirci (9.25%, 13.95%), E. jolchijevi (13.6%, 2.47%); E. caprina (7.55%, 8.31%), E. christensen (9.05%, 6.89%), E. caprovina (5.20%, 9.26%), E. ninakohlyakimovae (3.05%, 5.63%) and E. apsheronica (0.45%, 0.54%). E. arloingi was the most frequent species found independently of hosts age.


Pentaerythritol diacetals and diketals from aromatic aldehydes,aliphatic aldehydes,α,β-unsaturated aldehydes and ketones were synthesized using methanesulfonic acid as catalyst in cyclohexane under reflux temperature.The products were characterized by IR,1H NMR and elemental analysis.The procedure provided a simplified synthetic method under moderate condition in shorter reaction time,which avoids using corrosive catalyst,harmful organic solvent and water separator during the reaction.


Kawakami et a1 (1990) recently reported a heterogeneous deficiency of glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchored membrane proteins on affected paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (PNH) peripheral blood neutrophils (PMN). They found that while six of 10 PNH patients had simultaneous deficiencies of decay accelerating factor (DAF) and CD16 on affected PNH PMNs, four of the 10 patients had a subpopulation of DAF+/CD16PMNs. The authors concluded from this that deficiency of GPI anchored proteins on affected blood cells is induced by heterogeneous defects. However, the investigators used anti-Leu 1 1 c (Becton Dickinson) in the two-colour fluorescence experiments to detect CD16 expression on PMNs. Anti-Leu l l c or B73.1 has been shown not to react with PMNs from about 50% of normal donors (Perussia et al, 1984). Therefore the absence of reactivity of PNH PMNs with anti-Leu 1 l c does not necessarily imply deficiency of other CD16 epitopes on these cells. CD16 is acquired late in myeloid differentiation at the metamyelocyte stab cell stage (Glasser & Fiederlein, 1987). We have performed similar two-colour immunofluorocytometry experiments, labelling CD16 (anti-Leu 1 lb , Becton Dickinson) and DAF (BRIC 110, courtesy of Dr Anstee, Oxford) on bone marrow myeloid cells prepared by dextran sedimentation of normal marrow aspirates. The myeloid population was composed mostly of metamyelocyte, band and segmented neutrophils (Givin & Loken. 1987). In six normal bone marrow samples studied, myeloid cells were either CD16-/DAFor CD16+/DAF+ as shown in a representative sample (Fig 1). The simultaneous appearance of CD16 and DAF on maturing myeloid cells suggests a close homology in their anchorage to the neutrophil membrane by a GPI protein.


A total of 500 lactation records that pertain to 164 swamp buffaloes maintained at the Livestock Research Station, Assam Agricultural University, Assam, India were utilized to study some of the economically important traits of reproduction viz., age at first calving, dry period, service period, gestation period and intercalving period. The effect of different non-genetic factors viz., lactation order, season of calving, period of calving and sex of calf on the traits were investigated. The least squares means for age at first calving, dry period, service period, gestation period and intercalving period were found to be 56.63±0.47 months, 193.41±4.68 days, 187.30±4.57 days, 323.41±0.10 days and 510.68±4.53 days, respectively. Period of calving had highly significant effect (P<0.01) on dry period, service period and intercalving period. Age at first calving, dry period, service period and intercalving period differed significantly (P<0.01) due to different seasons of calving. None of the traits were significantly affected by order of lactation. Effect of sex of calf on gestation period was, however, highly significant (P<0.01), females bearing male calves showing longer gestation periods.


Perbinder Grewal provides a guide to answering some of the tough questions candidates may face in interviews for consultant posts


Object :To define the optimal site . Metholds: The cervical nuclear magnetic images of 31 adults and the ultrasound images of 20 youth volunteers were randomly selected.The adjacent relatioship between the common carotid artery and the internal jugular vein at three cross sections (the upper border of the thyroid cartilage,the cricoid cartilage and the seventh cervical vertebra transverse section)was analyzed on those images.The distance from the internal jugular vein to skin was determined also.Results:The internal jugular vein(IJV)and the common carotid artery (CCA)connect tightly to each other.From the top to down, the IJV is behind the CCA,then parallels to the later,at the last cross section it is in front of CCA.From the upper border of the thyroid cartilage to the seventh cervical vertebra area,the distance between the IJV and skin becomes shoter.Conclusions:The optimal site of internal jugular vein puncture is 0.5cm from the common carotid artery at the cricoid cartilage transverse section.


In this article problems in teaching chemistry at beginning courses of pharmaceutical faculty are discussed. Studying of several chemical disciplines at one chair allows to carry out succession of teaching. Carrying out the experimental laboratory works promotes the best mastering of theoretical material. Th e Mongolian students well knowing Russian, adapt better in educational process. Patient educational work with the Mongolian students, development of interest to the future profession lead to positive results in studies.


Paediatric intensive care patients are at high risk for prescription errors due to the more complex process of medication prescribing. Clinical decision support systems (CDSS) have shown good results in effectively reducing prescription errors. A specific dosing CDSS was developed that can check and suggest normal dose, dose limits and administration frequencies. This study aimed to assess the effect of this CDSS on protocol deviation (as measure of prescription error) types and frequency in a paediatric intensive care unit (PICU).


The ever-increasing French intervention in Dutch politics spelled the end of the radical republicanism of the previous two decades. Revolutionary political theory was replaced by a new sentimental feeling for the unique value of the fatherland, which expressed itself in an entirely different and much less political vocabulary. This chapter demonstrates that Dutch political debate in the years preceding the introduction of the monarchy was largely devoted to the effort to safeguard the old republican political identity of the country. It discusses the significance of the establishment of Louis Napoleon's monarchy by looking at it from the perspective of both the new king himself and that of contemporary Dutchmen. Finally, the chapter briefly speculates on the reasons why the staunchly republican Dutch suddenly decided to accept a form of government they had all detested until 1806.Keywords: Dutch politics; French intervention; Louis Napoleon; political identity; revolutionary political theory


A new point-to-point Global Asynchronous Local Synchronous(GALS) interface is developed.With an unsymmetrical handshake protocol,the communication between the interfaces is realized.And an FIFO is embedded into the datapath of the interfaces.The time utilization of the unsymmetrical interface is more effective than that of traditional symmetrical interfaces.And the interface can achieve high-speed continuous data transmission.Based on the 0.25 μm CMOS processes,the highest rates of the sender and the receiver can reach 670 MHz and 1.45 GHz respectively.The unsymmetrical interfaces can be applied to the System On Chip(SOC) design of the high-speed data rate.


Summary. Having studied the lectinochemical reaction on cell surfaces of proerythroblasts, enhanced binding to lectin of edible snail, golden shower rind, and wheat germ was observed. A moderate binding reaction was observed on cell surfaces of proerythroblasts with peanut lectin, soybean lectin, European elder lectin and mistletoe lectin, basophilic erythroblasts gave enhanced binding only to the lectin of edible snail. It is found that there is a decrease in the frequency of binding to lectins of edible snail and mistletoe in polychromatophilic and orthochromatic erythroblasts. In the orthochromatic erythroblasts a weak reaction was observed with the lectins of edible snail, peanut, mistletoe and wheat germ, and a completely absent reaction was observed when linking cell surfaces in orthochromatic erythroblasts with lectins of soybean On cell surfaces of the proerythroblasts, a strong reaction was observed when binding to Con A, HPA, LABA, and WGA lectins; a moderate reaction was observed with PNA, SBA, SNA, and VAA lectins.


Time- and space-resolved ion temperature T i// in a theta pinch are obtained from spectroscopic measurement of the He II 468.6 nm line in the axial direction. At the maximum pinch, T i// is 500 eV, n e =4×10 15 cm -3 and T e =25 eV. At times after the implosion phase, \(t{\gtrsim}0.5\) µs, T i// keeps almost constant in the radial direction until the gradient of the magnetic field profile, measured by a probe coil, becomes steepest. Radial gradient of the ion temperature is observed outside the above region. Fast thermalization of the ions is observed, compared to binary collision times. We also find fast relaxation between T i// and T i⊥ which is obtained from the side-on measurement. This adduces another evidence to confirm that the fast thermalization of the ions is mainly due to some collisionless mechanisms.


The paper presents numerical simulations of the behavior of sandwich panels loaded by static concentrated force. Two model classes (2D and 3D) are considered, and the results are compared with the effective width method. The comparison mainly concerns the displacements and stresses in the facings. The obtained results indicate the areas of conformity between the models but also show significant differences between them. The observed local effects are discussed and the surprising location of extreme stress in the facings is demonstrated. MSC 2010: 65C20, 68U07, 68U20, 70C20, 74K20


For the problem of weak against geometric attacks and portfolio attacks of traditional watermarking algorithm,a digital water-marking scheme based on SVM of SIFT features is proposed.Scale invariant feature transform(SIFT) is first adopted to extract feature points and to construct appropriate local circular feature regions.And it can learn the relationship between the selected pixel and its neigh-boring pixels well with support vector regression.Then,the watermark is embedded or extracted by adjusting the value between the se-lected pixel and the actual output of the trained SVR.Experimental results show that the proposed scheme is robust against geometric attacks and portfolio attacks.


We generalize Ramanujan's expansions of the fractional-power Euler functions (q^{1/5})_{\infty} = [ J_1 - q^{1/5} + q^{2/5} J_2 ](q^5)_{\infty} and (q^{1/7})_{\infty} = [ J_1 + q^{1/7} J_2 - q^{2/7} + q^{5/7} J_3 ] (q^7)_{\infty} to (q^{1/N})_{\infty}, where N is a prime number greater than 3. We show that there are exactly (N+1)/2 non-zero J functions in the expansion of (q^{1/N})_{\infty}, that one of these functions has the form +-q^{X_0}, that all others have the form +-q^{X_k} times the ratio of two Ramanujan theta functions, and that the product of all the non-zero J's is +-q^Z, where Z and the X's denote non-negative integers.


Based on the theory of policy diffusion,the diffusion process of government information transparency system of 31 provincial governments and 49 larger city governments was explored.It was found that the local government information transparency system has a significant diffusion effect,with its diffusion curve showing S-shape over time.Its regional diffusion and proximity effects are significant,its vertical influence and hierarchical effects are remarkable,but its proliferation of content is mainly mimic and lacking in learning innovation.In order to promote the innovation and diffusion capacity of local governments,the central government should empower appropriately and broaden the innovation space of local governments, and the local governments should enhance their innovation consciousness and ability,exert the positive effect of vertical influence,and speed up the policy diffusion process.


BACKGROUND: Septic shock may cause splanchnic hypoperfusion. We hypothesized that levosimendan would improve systemic and hepatosplanchnic perfusion during endotoxemic shock. METHODS: In 16 anesthetized pigs (31.4 ± 3.4 kg), a jugular vein, a carotid artery, the pulmonary artery (thermodilution), the portal vein, and a hepatic vein were cannulated for hemodynamic monitoring and blood sampling. Ultrasonic flowprobes were placed around the portal vein, the hepatic artery, and the superior mesenteric artery (SMA). In addition to 30 mL/kg of dextran 70 given before baseline, all animals received 10 mL · kg−1 · h−1 of IV fluids throughout the experiment. An endotoxin infusion (2 &mgr;g · kg−1 · h−1) was given for 300 min; 100 min after the start of endotoxin, the pigs were randomized to receive levosimendan (50 &mgr;g · kg−1 · h−1, n = 8) or placebo (n = 8). To evaluate the isolated effects of endotoxemia, all data before randomization were pooled into one group. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance and presented as mean ± sem. RESULTS: Endotoxemia (t = 90 min, pooled data) decreased systemic vascular resistance (SVR, 2526 ± 203 to 1946 ± 122 dyn · s · cm−5, P = 0.003) and mean arterial blood pressure (MAP, 109 ± 6 to 84 ± 3 mm Hg, P < 0.05), whereas heart rate (66 ± 4 to 98 ± 8 bpm), and mean pulmonary arterial pressure (MPAP, 20 ± 1 to 38 ± 2 mm Hg) increased (P < 0.001). Cardiac output (CO, 3.4 ± 0.2 L/min) and systemic oxygen delivery (414 ± 33 mL/min) were unchanged, but blood flows in the SMA (575 ± 34 to 392 ± 38 mL/min) and the portal vein (881 ± 62 to 568 ± 39 mL/min) decreased (P < 0.001). Although hepatic arterial blood flows increased (36 ± 8 to 219 ± 38 mL/min), gut (114 ± 11 to 84 ± 7 mL/min) and hepatic (94 ± 11 to 67 ± 8 mL/min) oxygen deliveries decreased (P < 0.05). At t = 300 min, the levosimendan group showed lower MPAP (39 ± 3 vs 49 ± 2 mm Hg, P = 0.025), lower SVR (2158 ± 186 vs 3069 ± 370 dyn · s · cm−5, P = 0.052), and lower MAP (55 ± 9 vs 87 ± 9 mm Hg, P < 0.001) than the control group. In both groups, CO, portal vein, and hepatic arterial blood flows decreased (P < 0.001); the mean values for the levosimendan group at t = 300 min were 2.0 ± 0.4 L/min, 390 ± 83 mL/min, and 36 ± 12 mL/min, respectively. SMA blood flow decreased only in the levosimendan group (432 ± 40 to 320 ± 78 mL/min, P < 0.001), whereas gut oxygen delivery decreased in the levosimendan (85 ± 12 to 63 ± 12 mL/min, P < 0.001) and in the control (83 ± 6 to 59 ± 3 mL/min, P = 0.03) groups. CONCLUSION: Levosimendan administered after the establishment of endotoxemic shock to pigs receiving moderate fluid resuscitation prevented further increases in MPAP and maintained a low SVR. There were, however, no improvements in CO, MAP decreased, and levosimendan neither prevented the development of circulatory shock nor improved hepatosplanchnic perfusion.


SrTi1-xFexO3 thin films were grown on Si substrates with a double buffer layer of ceria and yttria-stabilized zirconia at various temperatures, oxygen pressures and Fe contents. Films with in-plane compressive strain and an oxygen deficiency have a strong magnetic anisotropy with an out-of-plane easy axis, whereas films deposited at low temperature and in an oxygen atmosphere have no ferromagnetism at room temperature, which is attributed to the lack of lattice strain.


Bishop of Vilnius Diocese Adam Stanislaw Krasinski (1810–1891) left a deep imprint not only as an active hierarch of the Roman Catholic Church, but also as an energetic participant of 19th c. cultural life, a man of letters. Not complying with the instruction of Governor General Michael Murav'ev to issue a circular condemning the 1863 uprising, Krasinski in the early summer of 1863 was exiled to Vyatka (now Kirov). Released from exile in 1883, without the right to return to his diocese, Krasinski settled in Krakow. The period of the life of the bishop in Krakow from a creative point of view was very productive. From his youth interested in literature, having also been a man of letters, the preparer of a dictionary of Polish synonyms, Krasinski while living in Krakow began to write memoirs. For the first time the Memoirs [ Wspomnienia ] of the Bishop of Vilnius written in his native Polish were published in 1900 in the newspaper "Czas", and in the same year 1900 (or in early 1901) the "Czas" publishing house issued them as a book with a press run of 150 copies. In the Memoirs there are interesting details from the history of the Piarist order, about the situation of the Roman Catholic Church in the lands of the former Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth that after its collapse fell to the Russian Empire, and the literary and intellectual realities of life in Vilnius. The twenty years of exile are described very succinctly and the life in Krakow after returning from exile is not even mentioned at all. The paper reconstructs the path of the Vilnius Bishop's memoirs from manuscript to printing at the beginning of the 20th c. While uncovering the circumstances of the writing and publishing of the Memoirs , it was determined that in the collections of the National Museum in Krakow since 1917 is stored not the manuscript of Krasinski 's memoirs, but its editorial version with fragments of the autograph. It is assumed that the original memoirs have not survived. Stanislaw Estreicher (1869–1939), then a professor at the Jagiellonian University in Krakow and a contributor to the newspaper "Czas", edited the manuscript. It is clear that part of Krasinski's Memoirs were among the manuscripts transferred from the Polish Museum in Rapperswil to the National Library in Warsaw in 1927. The annotation of the former Krasinski manuscript in Rapperswil lets one declare that among them was the part of the bishop's memoirs about his years spent in exile. The preparer of the Krasinski Memoirs for publication in 1900 Stanislaw Estreicher did not know anything about the Krasinski 's memoirs manuscript in Rapperswil. When and how the Krasinski manuscripts arrived in the Rapperswil museum is unclear. The manuscript of Krasinski's memoirs handed over to Warsaw in the 1920s ended up in the collections of the National Library destroyed during the war. There are no data that would suggest that the latter manuscript (or its copy) could be found in the future. The genesis of the memoirs of Vilnius Bishop Krasinski, the history of the manuscript's preservation and its preparation for publication hide more than one riddle.


Alignment of latitude and longitude for all pixels is important for geo-stationary meteorological satellite (GSMS) images. To align landmarks and non-landmarks in the GSMS images, we propose a geometry-based global alignment method. Firstly, the Global Self-consistent, Hierarchical, High-resolution Geography (GSHHG) database and GSMS images are expressed as feature maps by geometric coding. According to the geometric and gradient similarity of feature maps, initial feature matching is obtained. Then, neighborhood spatial consistency based local geometric refinement algorithm is utilized to remove outliers. Since the earth is not a standard sphere, polynomial fitting models are used to describe the global relationship between latitude, longitude and coordinates for all pixels in the GSMS images. Finally, with registered landmarks and polynomial fitting models, the latitude and longitude of each pixel in the GSMS images can be calculated. Experimental results show that the proposed method globally align the GSMS images with high accuracy, recall and significantly low computation complexity.


The stochastic development of discrete autoignition kernels within a combustible gas is known as weak ignition. In contrast to weak ignition, the strong ignition process is both uniform and regular; figure 1 shows simulations [6] of weak and strong ignition in a shock tube system. Strong ignition is generally the desired autoignition regime for chemical kinetic studies and homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engines. Weak ignition has been found in both shock tubes (ST) [1–6] and rapid compression machines (RCM) [7–10]. Furthermore, the notion of weak ignition has been extended to characterize the highly unstable and irregular nature of certain detonation waves [11]. Hence, the essential processes of weak ignition are posited to be inherent in many configurations.


� Periodic lateralized epileptiform discharges(PLEDs) are usually seen in acute and subacute cerebral lesions. Occasionally PLEDs could be observed in persistent structural lesions. We observed PLEDs-plus in a patient with right basal ganglionic hemorrhage, at 10 months and 13 months after the stroke. The patients suffered two seizures 3 months and 5 days before recording of EEG. PLEDs-plus may persist as an interictal abnormal finding and the rhythmic dis- charge of that may be increased by a seizure.


Drag sucker transmission in the suction head of a sheet feeder for the translatory drive of a movable in a guide on a suction head suction beam, in which the sucker support is transverse to its translational movement axes pivotally connected with at least one coupling member, and this coupling member is movable by a drive cam, characterized in that in addition to this first drive cam (5) a second drive curve for the drag motion (6) is mounted for the suction head (16) and to the coupling member articulated roller lever (7) is provided, said second drive cam (6), the translatory movements of the sucker carrier (1) has begradigendes profile.


The object of the present study was to devise a method of experimental cataract analysis and to apply it in determining the effect of a fractionation schedule on cataract induction. An experimental analysis of radiation cataract induction requires an investigative procedure which is valid, reproducible, and admits of statistical evaluation. A desirable biological criterion consists of an effect which is observable as to occurrence or measurable as to quantity and preferably can be followed with respect to time. Sufficient numbers of biological subjects should be used to give statistically significant results. The biological criteria in the present work consisted of five defined observational stages of increasingly severe opacity in the rat lens, from no opacity to a completely opaque lens. These classifications were designated 0, 1+, 2+, 3+, and 4+ and were used in the methods of statistical analysis to be discussed below. The time-dose relationship has been studied in many different tissues. In the lens,...


Simple Summary Artificial intelligence (AI) is a field that combines computer science with robust datasets to solve problems. AI in medicine uses machine learning and deep learning to analyze medical data and gain insight into the pathogenesis of diseases. This study summarizes and integrates our previous research and advances the analyses of macrophages. We used artificial neural networks and several types of machine learning to analyze the gene expression and protein levels by immunohistochemistry of several hematological neoplasia and pan-cancer series. As a result, the patients' survival and disease subtype classification were achieved with high accuracy. Additionally, a review of the literature on the latest progress made by AI in the hematopathology field and future perspectives are given. Abstract Artificial intelligence (AI) can identify actionable oncology biomarkers. This research integrates our previous analyses of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. We used gene expression and immunohistochemical data, focusing on the immune checkpoint, and added a new analysis of macrophages, including 3D rendering. The AI comprised machine learning (C5, Bayesian network, C&R, CHAID, discriminant analysis, KNN, logistic regression, LSVM, Quest, random forest, random trees, SVM, tree-AS, and XGBoost linear and tree) and artificial neural networks (multilayer perceptron and radial basis function). The series included chronic lymphocytic leukemia, mantle cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, Burkitt, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, marginal zone lymphoma, and multiple myeloma, as well as acute myeloid leukemia and pan-cancer series. AI classified lymphoma subtypes and predicted overall survival accurately. Oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes were highlighted (MYC, BCL2, and TP53), along with immune microenvironment markers of tumor-associated macrophages (M2-like TAMs), T-cells and regulatory T lymphocytes (Tregs) (CD68, CD163, MARCO, CSF1R, CSF1, PD-L1/CD274, SIRPA, CD85A/LILRB3, CD47, IL10, TNFRSF14/HVEM, TNFAIP8, IKAROS, STAT3, NFKB, MAPK, PD-1/PDCD1, BTLA, and FOXP3), apoptosis (BCL2, CASP3, CASP8, PARP, and pathway-related MDM2, E2F1, CDK6, MYB, and LMO2), and metabolism (ENO3, GGA3). In conclusion, AI with immuno-oncology markers is a powerful predictive tool. Additionally, a review of recent literature was made.


Big Data Analytics offers an about interminable wellspring of business and instructive understanding, that can prompt operational improvement and new open doors for organizations to give undiscovered income crosswise over pretty much every industry. From use cases like client personalization, to hazard relief, to misrepresentation discovery, to inward tasks investigation, and the various new use cases emerging close every day, the value covered up in organization information has organizations hoping to make a front-line examination activity. Finding an incentive inside crude information presents numerous difficulties for IT groups. Each organization has various needs and various information resources. Business activities change rapidly in a regularly quickening commercial center, and staying aware of new orders can require readiness and versatility. In addition, a fruitful Big Data Analytics activity requires tremendous figuring assets, innovative framework, and exceptionally talented faculty. These troubles can make various exercises flop before they pass on regard. Beforehand, a nonappearance of enlisting power and access to computerization made a certified age scale examination movement past the compass of most associations: Big Data was too much expensive, with a ton of issue, and no sensible ROI. With the climb of conveyed registering and new headways in figure resource the load up, Big Data gadgets are more accessible than some other time in


Microorganisms enriched from activated sludge were found to attach to phosphate rock (PR) through biofilm formation. In the present study with a column bioreactor, the microorganisms both in biofilm and solution were characterized by Illumina high-throughput sequencing. The results from Illumina 16S rRNA gene MiSeq analysis revealed Alphaproteobacteria being the dominant bacterial group at the class level in the biofilm and solution. Compared with solution, the biofilm featured higher bacterial species diversity and richness, but the solution featured higher Alphaproteobacteria abundance than the biofilm. The results from Illumina 18S rRNA gene MiSeq analysis showed a relatively lower richness but higher diversity of the fungal community in the biofilm than in the solution. At the class level, Saccharomycetes were the only dominant fungi both in the biofilm and solution, with their abundance in the biofilm being significantly higher than in the solution. The 18S rRNA analysis also revealed the presence of non-fungal organisms, such as Chrysophyceae, Trebouxiophyceae and Colpodea, in the column bioreactor. The results in this study provide new insights into our understanding of microbial community structures of biofilm and solution in the column bioreactor for the solubilization of PR.


Pre-resonance Raman and infrared spectra of (5-dimethylaminopenta-2, 4-dienylidene)dimethylammonium per-chlorate have been measured in various environments. Unusual intensity changes of some particular peaks in the Raman spectra are observed for two crystalline polymorphs and solutions of the dye. Most of the Raman and infrared bands in solution are assigned to normal modes. This analysis allows the major difference between the spectra of two polymorphs to be explained.


In the last years, there has been a surge in AI-powered products. Often marketed as "free", these services operate as hooks to lure unsuspecting users into voluntarily giving up data about every aspect of their life. Their data is the primary fuel of surveillance capitalism, a new economic system that exclusively benefits so-called Big Tech organisations at the expense of personal privacy and freedom of choice. This paper argues the ways these AI-powered products are being imagined and designed is further generalising a kind of, "enframing" that encourages a bureaucratic relationship with the world disguised as (a false sense of) augmented agency. This paper shows that technologically informed philosophical reflections can contribute to getting ourselves back into the feedback loop of technological mediation by helping us recognise our "becoming" with technologies as a design process.


Purpose: The purposes are to determine malnutrition in elective general surgery patients via GLIM criteria, compare GLIM criteria with NRS2002 and to determine the effect of malnutrition on Length of Stay (LoS).
Materials and Methods: Malnutrition was detected with NRS2002 and GLIM. GLIM was evaluated in two different ways as 1-NRS2002 (first four questions) was used as a preliminary malnutrition screening tool for GLIM and 2-All patients were evaluated with GLIM without a preliminary assessment. Reduced muscle mass in GLIM, was assessed using different anthropometric measurements and cut-off points. In total, 10 different GLIM models were constituted. Data were collected within 48 hours of admission. Agreement between malnutrition tools was determined via Kappa. Logistic regression models were established to present the effect of malnutrition on long LoS. p


Christianity, and the instrument of Jesus' death, the cross, remains the pivotal, and universally recognised, symbol of the Christian Church. Yet pictorial representations of the death of Jesus are conspicuously rare in the earliest Christian art. Moreover, the earliest surviving images of Jesus' Crucifixion do not depict him dead on the cross, but defiantly alive – a visual interpretation of the event that incorporates both the means of his execution and his subsequent victory over death in the Resurrection. This article examines the iconography of a small ivory plaque, carved in Rome in the early fifth century, whereon the Crucifixion is juxtaposed with the suicide of Jesus' betrayer, Judas Iscariot (Matthew 27 3:5) to effect a powerful visual interpretation of Jesus' death. As the earliest surviving visual narration of Jesus' Crucifixion and Resurrection, the ivory will be shown to preserve critical information regarding the interpretation of Christ's death in the early Christian church - incorporating symbols and visual motifs from pagan funerary sculpture, while illustrating the development of a specifically Christian visual language for the representation of Jesus' death.


SUMMARY Despite the great social, economic and environmental diversity in countries of Africa South of Sahara (SSA), forestry research issues and advances are quite similar. This is partly influenced by their history of forest resource ownership and management. In most countries, governments own and manage forest resources. Forestry research institutes are in many countries very tiny departments or units within huge ministries or agricultural research organizations. Their visibility, much less their effectiveness in that position is slight, because they are also poorly staffed and financed. The research vacuum is so noticeable that non-forestry institutions are moving into forestry research. The little available forestry research capacity is poorly managed. The few competent researchers are increasingly getting involved in administrative functions and also looking out for more rewarding posts. Economic policies imposed by global financial institutions constrain the recruitment of young scientists to take up forestry research now and in the future. Although universities are by far better resourced, their efforts are rarely linked with those of other national research institutes. They operate independently, often far removed from real world issues. Some research institutes have developed their research agendas with the help of global stakeholders, but these have largely remained unimplemented for lack of resources even though much on-going work is donor-driven. Also there remains a serious gap between forestry research and development. Research institutes do not have the capacity to apply their findings. At the same time, they lack links with agricultural extension services or non-government organizations (NGOs) to get their messages to stakeholders, especially the farmers. This limits the usefulness of those results that do trickle out from forestry research. Unless action is taken to rebuild forestry research capacity in SSA, their forest resources will not contribute effectively to the welfare of people in the region.


The main objective of the present study is investigation of factors affecting development of entrepreneurship in agricultural corporations in Shirvan and Chardavol towns. In order to gain this goal, descriptive correlative research method was used. Statistics population consisted of all members of boards and CEOs of agricultural corporations (350 = N). Using Cochran's formula, 167 members were determined as samples. The sample was randomly determined. The research instrument was a questionnaire which its validity was confirmed by group of experts. To determine its reliability Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used (=0.872). Data were analyzed by SPSS software. In this study, entrepreneurship was measured by four factors of renewal, pioneer in change, risk taking and competitiveness. Results showed that mean score of total entrepreneurship in sample was 2.585 and most people (% 62.8) were placed in weak and too weak levels. Also, based on the results of one sample T-test, mean value of entrepreneurship in corporations was 2.585. This means that amount of entrepreneurship development in corporations is less than average level. Also by using multi-variable regression it was found that independent variables of education, stocks, entrepreneurship experience, income, and work experience have a positive impact on the dependent variable of entrepreneurship in agricultural production corporations.


Background: Dengue fever is the most important viral, mosquito borne infection (Aedes) Dengue virus belongs to the family Flaviviridae. It has become a major epidemic in Indian subcontinent, accounting for nearly one lakh deaths per annum. This is a study on clinical profile of dengue infection. Method: This is a prospective study of 200 cases admitted in Tertiary Care Hospital. Serum samples were collected from suspected dengue patients and were tested for NS1Ag, IgM and IgG antibodies with ELISA kit. Results: Dengue fever is the most important viral, mosquito borne infection (Aedes) in India. It has become a major epidemic in Indian subcontinent. Spread of the infection is now leading to increased recognition of typical clinical features of dengue infection. Dengue virus belongs to the family Flaviviridae. Conclusion: Dengue disease continues to involve newer areas, newer populations and is increasing in magnitude, epidemic after epidemic, no vaccine is yet available for protection and the vector control measures are inadequate. Though clinical studies have reported on dengue disease in India, but these are largely based on diagnosis made by kits of doubtful specificity and sensitivity. A lot more remains to be achieved for creating an impact.


Evidence-based decision making is becoming increasingly important in healthcare. Much valuable evidence is in the form of the results from clinical trials that compare the relative merits of treatments. For this, in previous papers, we have proposed a general framework for representing and synthesizing knowledge from clinical trials involving the same outcome indicator. Now, in this paper, we present a new framework for representing and synthesizing knowledge from clinical trials involving multiple outcome indicators. In this framework, evidence from randomized clinical trials, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, network analyses, etc., comparing a pair of treatments T1 and T2 according to desired and/or undesired outcomes is aggregated to give an overall evaluation of the treatments saying T1 is superior to T2, or T1 is equivalent to T2, or T1 is inferior to T2. Our general framework incorporates inference rules for generating arguments and counterarguments for claiming that one treatment is superior to another based on the available evidence, and preference rules for specifying which arguments are preferred. In this paper, we also present a new version of this framework that incorporates utility-theoretic criteria for defining specific preference rules over arguments.


The prescription of spectacles in children depends on the individual need of the child and other associated factors like strabismus and amblyopia. Several guidelines have been published to help ophthalmologists when prescribing optical correction in infants and children, including the publication by the American Academy of Ophthalmology. The purpose of this paper is to reassess and review the guidelines to assist the clinician in deciding when to prescribe spectacles in children, and the amount of refractive error which should be corrected, with a view to fulfilling the particular clinical requirements of each child.


Abstract Seed lines of prairie grass (Bromus unioloides H.B.K.) collected overseas and throughout New Zealand were compared for some growth characters at Kaikohe, Palmerston North, Lincoln, and Gore. There was a large range among lines, and especially among overseas lines, in plant habit, yield, earliness of heading, and resistance to head smut. Within the New Zealand collection lines obtained from pastures were on the average less erect, slightly more producti.Je, later to begin heading, and more resistant to Head smut than were lines from ungrazed sites. Commercial lines tended to be of the pasture type, except in yield. There was a significant negative correlation between susceptibility to head smut of a line and its spring yield. and also between earliness to head of a line and its latitude of origin in New Zealand. Overseas lines generally yielded well at Palmerston North, moderately at Gore, but poorly at Kaikohe. The highest yielding New Zealand lines at all three stations were those collected from...


In this study, the levels of organochlorine pesticide (OCPs) in Ogun River, at Kara abattoir were investigated to estimate the extent of pesticide pollution in the river. Two sets of water and sediment samples (A and B) were collected. Samples A were collected in April (during heavy downpour) and samples B in June (under dry weather condition). Most of the physico-chemical parameters in the water and sediment samples were within WHO limits, except the samples taken during heavy downpour. In the water samples, the DDT and metabolites (2.023±0.586 µg/L), endrin (0.671±0.256 µg/L) and aldrin and dieldrin (8.290±2.891 µg/L) exceeded 1 µg/L, 0.6 µg/L and 0.03 µg/L respectively in the WHO (2006) guideline, whereas lindane (0.046±0.034 µg/L) and methoxychlor (0.757±0.281 µg/L) were below 2 µg/L and 20 µg/L respectively in the guideline. OCP residual levels in samples A were much higher than in B. This could be attributed to the massive draining and heavy disturbance of the river during the heavy downpour when samples A were collected.


It has recently been argued (for instance by Sanford Goldberg, expanding on earlier work by Tyler Burge) that public linguistic norms are implicated in the epistemology of testimony by way of underwriting the reliability of language comprehension. This paper argues that linguistic normativity, as such, makes no explanatory contribution to the epistemology of testimony, but instead emerges naturally out of a collective effort to maintain language as a reliable medium for the dissemination of knowledge. Consequently, the epistemologies of testimony and language comprehension are deeply intertwined from the start, and there is no room for grounding the one in terms of the other.


The paper introduces the software design for radar display and control terminal on genersl-purpose micro-computer. Using graphical user interface,the software is convenient and flexib in operation,and it has graphics zoom function for trace display. A particular description for the driver and radar display and control terminal application on Visual C++6.0 is given in the paper.


A central problem in problems involving active EM illumination is adaptive high-dimensional covariance estimation for detection. In this work we propose an adaptive matched filter that is empirically more powerful than the rank-constrained maximum-likelihood estimator's in cases of low sample support and Gaussian interference statistics.


M r = 1146.3, triclinic, space group F1 (P) in conventional setting), a = 14.295 (3), b = 15.419 (2), c= 26.649 (3)/~, a= 83.96 (1), fl= 88.75 (1),),= 69.39 (1) °, V= 5467 (2)/~3, Z=8, Ox= 2.785 Mg m -3, Cu Ka, 2 = 1.54184/~, /t = 21.21 mm -l, F(000)=4184, T= 120K, final R = 0.052, wR =0.070, for 4042 observed reflections. Unlike the room-temperature structure the ReO$ anions are ordered and, in addition, the anions as well as the TMTSF molecules are displaced relative to their positions in the average structure previously reported. Bond distances and angles in TMTSF are the same as in the average structure. The ReO4 ion is an almost perfect tetrahedron. Introduction. (TMTSF)2ReO 4 belongs to a series of compounds (TMTSF)2X (X = PF6, AsF6, TaF6, CIO4, ReO 4, NO 3 etc.) which have been intensively studied in recent years because of their unusual physical properties (e.g. superconductivity of some members around 1 K). The structure of (TMTSF)2ReO 4 at 295 and 120 K has previously been determined (Rindorf, Soling & Thorup, 1982). At 295 K ReO 4 is situated at a site of inversion symmetry leading to orientational disorder of this anion. At 120 K a doubling of all three axial lengths is accompanied by an ordering of the ReO 4 ions. The quality and size of the crystal used did


DESIGN OF FIRST ORDER CONTROLLERS FOR A FLEXIBLE ROBOT ARM WITH TIME DELAY Gökçe Kuralay M.S. in Electrical and Electronics Engineering Advisor: Hitay Özbay May 2016 In an earlier work, Gündeş et al. (2007), stabilizing PID controllers for a class of unstable plants with time delays (I/O delays) are obtained. By utilizing this approach and methods given in Özbay and Gündeş (2007, 2014) we aim to investigate appropriate PI, PD and PID controllers by finding the maximum allowable boundaries for each controller parameter. A model of a flexible robot arm which includes a time delay and an integrator is considered as an application example. It is aimed to find the optimal coefficients for the derivative and integral gains such that the designs achieve a set of performance and robustness objectives. Stability and robustness properties of the closed-loop system are also investigated. Specifically, for PD controller design, optimal derivative action gain is determined under various performance objectives. For PI controller design, optimal P (proportional) and D (derivative) gains are determined to achieve the least fragile integral action gain. Moreover, system performance is compared with other PID designs considering different types of control objectives.


This paper deals with investigation of reasons of deviati ons of actual cambers from predicted values that were observed on precast bridge girders where prestress transfer is divided into two stage s. The first part of prestressing is introduced by pre-ten sio ed strands and usually starts only 18 hours aft er casting and the second part by three post-tensioned curved tendons stressed one or two month later. The proble m was analyzed from structural and technological aspects. 2 MONITORING OF THE BEAMS Monitoring of the beams consisted of in situ measurements and laboratory testing of some material properties. In situ measurements included: − Measurements of the cambers − Measurements of the prestressing forces − Measurements of the concrete strains Monitoring covered time interval limited by: Strand tensioning at the plant Stressing of four-strand tendons at the storage yard Partial time of storage. Detailed monitoring was carried out on four precast beams with length of 32,1 m. Beams N1 and N2 were prestressed by 16 strands in the bottom part, see figure 3, and by 2 strands located in the uppe r flange. Beams N3 and N4 (on running solution of the problem) had the same strand lay-out, however upper strands were separated on the length of 20 m in the central section and they were cut shortly af ter prestress transfer. Moreover, beam displacement was measured on further three beams N01, N02 and N03. 2.1 Cambers Cambers were monitored for all above mentioned beams. The first measurement was performed just after prestress transfer at the prestressing bed an d the last one during stressing of post-tensioned tendons . Measured deformations just after prestress transfe r of pre-tensioned tendons are in figure 2. Applied prestressing forces that had always lifted beams an d measured cambers were even higher than the predicted value 7,5 mm for the most of the monitored beams. However beams began to loose their camber within several minutes, see figure 3, 4 and origina l cambers changed into deflection in many cases contrary to the prediction when increment of cambers was expected. The same behavior was observed on the beams N3 and N4 with separated upper strands. A large range of deformation was very typical. Much better results were obtained during stressing of post-tensioned tendons. Measured deformation due to effect of three four-strand tendons is in figure 5. Increment of cambers was ranging between 22,7 mm and 23,2 mm. These results were also in very good coincidence with predicted values 22,8 mm. Assessment of beam deformation was carried out assuming mature high-performance concrete C55/67 and an average modulus of elasticity of 45 GPa. These values are proven by laboratory tests of more than 300 cube samples tested on strength and 50 prisms tested on modulus of elasticity. 2.2 Prestressing forces The main goal of the measurements was to determine actual prestressing forces applied to the beam s by strands and tendons and as well as monitoring of immediate and long-term prestress losses in the strands. Prestressing forces were measured by elast omagnetic sensors Projstar type PSS16, PSS20, PSS50 embedded on the strands in a section that was located the middle of the beam. All sensors were ca librated with precisions dynamometer DMS PAUL. Figure 3 Development of cambers in the middle of th e beams -9,5


The ability of the Black-Scholes (BS) model and its variants to produce reasonable fair values for options has proven itself for the more than thirty years of its existence. Despite usefulness of BS type models, significant discrepancies remain between the real market prices of options and their theoretical fair values arrived at by using them. This paper investigated the pricing accuracy of a hybrid model, developed by combining the BS model and Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), for estimating the fair value of options. The relative pricing accuracy of BS model and hybrid model was tested for the options traded at National Stock Exchange of India Ltd., a leading stock exchange in India. The hybrid model was found to outperform BS model on various quantitative parameters viz., mean deviation; mean absolute deviation; mean proportionate deviation; mean squared deviation. Therefore, it is concluded that ANNs can be trained to learn the nonlinear relationship underlying the BS model and hence provide better estimates of fair value of options. Financial Services SAS Global Forum 2008


In 2001, the Trans Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS) owners produced a comprehensive analysis of the impacts associated with the renewal of the TAPS rights-of-way. The resulting report, Environmental Report for the Trans Alaska Pipeline System Right-of-Way Renewal , described the physical, biological, and socio-economic impacts of right-of-way renewal — and of non-renewal. The Environmental Report followed the guidelines of the Council on Environmental Quality for preparing environmental impact statements (EISs). Since projections of future impact of TAPS operation closely follow post-construction impacts since 1977, an assessment of the impact of 25 years of operation of a warm oil pipeline in cold regions can be described. This paper reviews the results of the report with special emphasis on physical impacts. Because the pipeline system has been in continuous operation since 1977 and is under stringent regulatory controls, its effects on the physical environment — terrestrial, air quality, and water quality — are known to be relatively minor and can reasonably be expected to continue without significant change. Justification for predictions of low impact can be summarized in the following conclusions: 1) The TAPS pipeline and related facilities already exist with known, observable impacts; 2) Major changes to the pipeline system or to the affected physical environment are not expected; 3) New surface-disturbance areas associated with TAPS will be small and isolated; 4) There would be no unavoidable adverse effect on the physical environment that would not be mitigated to the extent technically feasible; and 5) Declining throughput could result in lower emissions and discharges affecting air and water quality.


ABSTRACT This work presents balanced microstrip filters with asymmetrical frequency response based on a balanced trisection topology. The proposed balanced trisection topology has the feature of being used in single and multiband microwave filters. In this work, in order to test the topology flexibility, we address two applications, one for a single-band filter and the other for a dual-band filter. This topology introduces TZs on either side of the passband edges, improving the selectivity on one side of the passband. The non-adjacent resonators of the single-band trisection balanced filter are based on a Pi-network balanced resonator which is composed by six transmission lines (TLs) and two inductors (Ls). The differential-mode (DM) and common-mode (CM) resonances can be chosen independently with a proper selection of the impedances and the electrical lengths of TLs in order to have high DM stopband and intrinsic high common mode rejection (CMR). The Pi-network was modified and analyzed under the even and odd mode technique to have a dual-band behavior. Good agreement between simulation and measurement was achieved.


Compression strength of concrete after high temperature in fire will be changed.Methods of rebound and ultrasonic were used to assess the compression strength considered the stewing time effect in many tests.Regressive equation was obtained about compression strength to rebound value and ultrasonic speed value.Data in these tests can provide a basis to establish the criterion of structure reliability assessment subjected to fire.


"Reporting Disasters: Famine, Politics and The Media." Suzanne Franks. Hurst. August 2013. --- The media reporting of the Ethiopian Famine in 1984-5 was an iconic news event. It is widely believed to have had an unprecedented impact, challenging perceptions of Africa and mobilising public opinion and philanthropic action in a dramatic new way. The contemporary international configuration of aid, media pressure, and official policy is still directly affected and sometimes distorted by what was – as this narrative aims to show – also an inaccurate and misleading story. Fiona Chesterton finds Suzanne Franks' work to be a rich and worthwhile read.


Abstract: Depolarization of differentiated neuroblastoma × glioma (NG108–15) cells with KC1 (50 mM) or veratridine (50 μM) stimulated Ca2+ accumulation, was detected by quin 2 fluorescence. Intracellular Ca2+ concentrations ([Ca2+]i) were elevated about threefold from 159 ± 7 to 595 ± 52 nM (n = 12). Ca2+ entry evoked by high extracellular K+ concentration ([K+]o) was voltage‐dependent and enhanced by the dihydropyridine agonists, BAY K 8644 and CGP 28 392, in a dose‐dependent manner. CGP 28 392 was less potent and less efficacious than BAY K 8644. The (+) and (‐) stereoisomers of 202–791 showed agonist and antagonist properties, respectively. (+)‐202–791 was less potent, but as efficacious as BAY K 8644. In the absence of KCl, BAY K 8644 had no effect on Ca2+ entry. Voltage‐sensitive calcium channel (VSCC) activity was blocked by organic Ca2+ channel antagonists (nanomolar range) both before and after KC1 treatment and also by divalent metal cations (micromolar range). High [K+]o‐in‐duced Ca2+ accumulation was dependent on external Ca2+, but not on external Na+ ions ([Na]o), and was insensitive to both tetrodotoxin (3 μM) and tetraethylammonium (10 μM). In contrast, veratridine‐induced Ca2+ accumulation required [Na+]o, and was blocked by tetrodotoxin, but not by nimodipine (1 μM). Veratridine‐induced Ca2+ accumulation was slower (∼45 s), smaller in magnitude (∼30% of [K+]o‐induced Ca2+ entry), and also enhanced by BAY K 8644 (∼50%). VSCC were identified in neuronal hybrid (NG108–15 and NCB‐20) cells, but not in glial (C6BU‐1), renal epithelial (MDCK), and human astrocytoma (1321N1) cells. NG108–15 cells differentiated with 1.0 mM dibutyryl cyclic AMP showed greater VSCC activity than undifferentiated cultures. These results suggest that cultured neural cells provide a useful system to study Ca2+ regulation via ion channels.


Diversity and Difference in Early Childhood Education: Issues for Theory and Practice by Kerry H. Robinson and Criss Jones-Diaz. Pp. 207. Maidenhead: Open University Press. 2006. £60.00 (hbk), £18.99 (pbk). ISBN 0335 21683 8 (hbk), 0335 216 82 x (pbk).


Mixture consists of a homogeneous mixture of which may polymer have any x species of the same which are crosslinked or differently prior to mutual invasion by, in the form of a single phase of a hydrophilic gel, a polymer that is the crosslinking is insoluble in water and are miscible with each other, and x is biodegradable single-phase binding hydrophilic gel, characterized in that a 2 to 5. In one embodiment, the hydrophilic gels of the present invention, x species of the polymer, have the same or different degree of cross-linking, at least one of x species of the polymer has a degree of crosslinking x1, and the x species one polymer least has a degree of crosslinking x2, x1 is characterized in that at x2 or more. The present invention uses the production method and their hydrophilic gel of the present invention, to the use for formulation of a composition for the formulation or wrinkle filling, for example thickener composition relates.


Purpose – Marketing managers routinely use purchase intentions data to make strategic decisions concerning both new and existing products and the marketing programs that support them. Yet, the indication from empirical investigations regarding the link between respondents' stated intentions and their actual behavior is not as clear. Predicting which consumer will purchase an environmentally friendly product, the research remains split, particularly when it comes to perceived "trade‐offs" between the environmental benefits, quality, and cost. In this regard, previous research has fallen short in examining consumers' actual purchase behavior versus self‐reported purchase intentions. This paper seeks to address these issues.Design/methodology/approach – This study measured consumer psychographics and expressed purchase intention to predict actual purchase behavior using an online survey and the Vickrey auction method.Findings – The results show that respondents expressing a high intention to purchase environ...