The mechanism of chemical mutagenesis was opened, studied and implemented in practice by a world famous scientist, J. A. Rapoport. He discovered that the chemical substances — ketonic connections, alkylating agents are interacting with active groups of proteins in the cytoplasm and chromosomes. Thereby he anticipated the phenomenon of formation in cells of the secondary mutagens.


Problems involving the reflection of radiation by random rough surfaces arise in a number applications. We shall be interested primarily in an acoustic plane wave impinging on the surface from the water side. The acoustic pressure changes vanish at the surface. We use an expansion in polynomials of Guassian functionals. The method can be extended to more general situations involving more than one medium with irregular separating surfaces and three dimensional surfaces. We treat here a two-dimensional rough surface. By means of the Wiener-Hermite (W-H) expansion, we represent stochastic field functions using the (assumed) Gaussian reflecting surface as the basic element, to three terms. Multiple reflection effects are visible, even for these low order terms in the expansion. Such reflections can be expected to greatly enchance backscatter at grazing incidence.


We describe a study intended to determine whether cultural variations in collaborative decision making are due to differences in beliefs about ideal collaboration processes, or are a reflection of distinct social norms. The results of a web-based survey study that included respondents from India, S. Korea, Turkey, and the U.S. were obtained using a recent statistical technique, Cultural Mixture Modeling that treats culture as an outcome of the analysis based on patterns of consensus in belief. The findings suggested that beliefs about effective collaborative decision processes have spread fairly widely among business professionals, but that typical practice rarely matches the ideal in some countries. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.


Objective To identify standard rearing technique of Blattella germanica in laboratory for obtaining standard insects with uniform quality,provide scientific and reliable experiment materials,technical supports and ensure the experimental quality for pesticide registration.Methods Taking wet weight of 10 d adult as a evaluating indicator,validate rearing method by specifying rearing condition,diet quality and rearing technique.Results After rearing B.germanica for three generations,the results of wet weights showed that the rearing method was applicable to rear cockroach.The results of wet weights of B.germanica reared in the different laboratories showed that the method was applicable in different areas.Conclusion Using this rearing methods,the different laboratory can provide standard B.germanica for pesticide registration,indicating that the rearing method is standard technique of B.germanica in laboratory.


Purposes: To evaluate the effectiveness of the means of radiation protection the staff at Imaging National Police Hospital occupationally exposed to ionizing radiations in the period from January to June
2011.

Materials and methods: Observational method. Type of study accomplished: Prospective, Research Design: Transversal. Quantitative design developed at the National Police Hospital located in the district of Jesus Maria, Lima department during the period from January to June 2011. Using a self-assessment questionnaire to 46 workers occupationally exposed to radiation units radiology and nuclear medicine in the period January 2011 - June 2011.

Results: When processing the questionnaires using SPSS software are presented know grouped according to the professional activities they perform. The responsibility of the radiology Auxiliary is different from the Medical Technologist or Medical. Clearly it shows that radiology auxiliaries comply 100% with the knowledge that give support to your professional activities of this unit of competence.

Conclusion: The self-assessment showed that workers have an excellent knowledge and application of radiation protection standards, showing them the possession of appropriate attitudes for work in the service of the Hospital Imaging. Thus, the worker has a preventive attitude of regular monitoring of his health status to the occupational hazards


Light and acid steer a radical addition So-called Minisci reactions have been used for decades in pharmaceutical and agrochemical synthesis to make carbon-carbon bonds. The reactions link carbon radicals to the carbon centers adjacent to nitrogen in pyridine rings. Proctor et al. devised a method to steer these reactions to just one of two possible mirror-image products. To make the radicals, they prepared derivatives of widely available amino acids and then activated them with an iridium photocatalyst. At the same time, a chiral phosphoric acid catalyst was used to activate the pyridine and bias the reaction geometry. Science, this issue p. 419 Pairing a photocatalyst with a chiral acid renders a widely used carbon-carbon bond-forming reaction asymmetric. Basic heteroarenes are a ubiquitous feature of pharmaceuticals and bioactive molecules, and Minisci-type additions of radical nucleophiles are a leading method for their elaboration. Despite many Minisci-type protocols that result in the formation of stereocenters, exerting control over the absolute stereochemistry at these centers remains an unmet challenge. We report a process for addition of prochiral radicals, generated from amino acid derivatives, to pyridines and quinolines. Our method offers excellent control of both enantioselectivity and regioselectivity. An enantiopure chiral Brønsted acid catalyst serves both to activate the substrate and induce asymmetry, while an iridium photocatalyst mediates the required electron transfer processes. We anticipate that this method will expedite access to enantioenriched small-molecule building blocks bearing versatile basic heterocycles.


Early intervention is a critical factor in providing effective support to children identified as having special educational needs and their families. Coordinated approaches to the provision of support and development of early learning programmes have been identified as essential elements of good practice in enabling parents to come to terms with the disability of their children, and in promoting good learning attitudes in the children themselves. Sharing knowledge from the school context and collaboration with parents/caregivers is at the heart of the research. A central issue is the sharing of professional knowledge between contexts and how this assists in shaping new meaning for parents/carers in developing learning opportunities for their children. The school in question is establishing a new early intervention programme which will aim to afford support to children between the ages of four months and two years and their families providing realistic expectation and achievable learning goals. This is built upon an established record of working with families through the 'School for Parents' located within the school. This research will focus upon the efficacy of the new initiatives being implemented. The research will also include a comparison of findings with an earlier research project on early intervention with a similar school, completed in May 2003.
The research questions will examine how well informed and supported are parents/caregivers of children with motor-disorders through the early intervention programme? It will discuss how effective they perceive the early interventions to be in supporting the needs of their children and themselves and what further steps might be taken to improve an effective early intervention programme. It will also consider the views of the professionals working within the early intervention project.


Contains the proceedings of the 4th annual conference held in Rome, Italy on 6 November 1992. Topics covered in this volume include: reflections on the third package, air transport and the competition rules, and external relations.


Gastrocolic fistulas represent a serious but rare complication of
Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG). A 90-year-old male with
multiple comorbidities and high preoperative risk develops one. He was
successfully treated with expectant management.


The eigenvalue problem is solved on the finite element model of the external outer ear canal. The absorption of the canal walls and the interaction between external ear cavity subsystem and the elastic tympanic membrane is considered. The results of the mathematical modeling are compared with experimental measurements on human dissections. The calculations support hypothesis of possible influence of external ear canal on the enhancement of hearing sensitivity in 2 - 4 kHz frequency range.


Earth reinforcing methods (such as Terre Armee) are often used for economical embankment construction in the case of limited space and so on. In these methods, relatively long and strong strip-type reinforcements and discrete paneles are used. Compared with these conventional methods, we propose another method in which short plane reinforcement and a rigid walls. In this paper, we report the behavior of two full-scale test embankments of sandy soil or clayey soil.


This paper reviews the conditions of in vivo mastication and describes a novel method of measuring in vitro wear. Methods: parameters of intraoral wear are reviewed in this analysis, including chewing force, tooth sliding distance, food abrasivity, saliva lubrication, and antagonist properties. Results: clinical measurement of mastication forces indicates a range of normal forces between 20 and 140 N for a single molar. During the sliding phase of mastication, horizontal movement has been measured between 0.9 and 2.86 mm. In vivo wear occurs by three-body abrasion when food particles are interposed between teeth and by two-body abrasion after food clearance. Analysis of food particles used in wear testing reveals that food particles are softer than enamel and large enough to separate enamel and restoration surfaces and act as a solid lubricant. In two-body wear, saliva acts as a boundary lubricant with a viscosity of 3 cP. Enamel is the most relevant antagonist material for wear testing. The shape of a palatal cusp has been estimated as a 0.6 mm diameter ball and the hardest region of a tooth is its enamel surface. pH values and temperatures have been shown to range between 2–7 and 5–55 °C in intraoral fluids, respectively. These intraoral parameters have been used to modify the Alabama wear testing method.


This Paper is presented in two distinct sections. Part I giving a survey and classification of a number of Quality Control Schemes in various countries, indicating the general principles involved, and in particular the modus operandi of the Courtaulds' Tested-Quality Plan. Part II deals in some detail with the technical aspects of Quality Control under the following headings:—Courtaulds' Tested-Quality Technical Advisory Committee. Standards. Merchants and Quality Control Schemes. Dyers and Finishers and Quality Control Schemes. Labels. Problems arising from the operation of Quality Control: (a) Fabric construction in relation to performance, (b) Problems associated with seams, (c) Problems associated with colour-fastness, (d) Decorative effects, (e) Durable pleats, (f) Fashion phase, (g) Garments containing rubber, (h) Chemical finishes, (i) Non-absorbent and water-repellent finishes, (j) Abrasion assessment.


. The article describes the method of implementing any measurement window by presenting the wavelet transformation algorithm in a matrix form, and presents a universal method of determining the uncertainty of the output quantities of the measurement chain under consideration. The effectiveness of the described method and the influence of the measurement window parameters were verified on the existing measurement chain. Obtained results were compared with the results of the Monte-Carlo method. The article complements the paper presented at the PPM2022 conference. (Influence of the measurement window parameters on the propagation of random errors by the discrete wavelet transformation algorithms)


Diurnal variations of leaf-air interface physiological parameters in leaves of three-year-old Amygdalus davidiana were studied under different soil moisture conditions with CIRAS-2 portable photosynthesis system in the loess hilly plateau.The results indicated that the diurnal variation process of photosynthesis,transpiration and water use efficiency under different soil moisture conditions took on different regulations.When soil relative water content was 57.3%,70.1%,80.2%,the time that maximum display was at 13:00,9:00 and 15:00,respectively,and the maximum values of photosynthetic rate were 10.51,12.52,9.25 μmol·m-2·s-1,respectively,the daily average values were 6.83±4.92,6.40±4.43 and 6.32±3.90 μmol·m-2·s-1,respectively.In other soil moisture conditions,all the photosynthetic rate followed a two-peak pattern;The style of diurnal variation curves of transpiration rate was similar with that of photosynthetic rate,when soil relative water contents were 57.3%,70.1%,80.2%,the time that maximum display was always at 13:00,and the daily average values of transpiration rate were 1.91±1.03,3.27±2.09,2.90±1.70 μmol·mol-1,respectively;The maximum of water use efficiency before 13:00 appeared at 7:00 or 9:00,but it was very distinct after 13:00.Analysis showed the dominating reason causing the photosynthetic rate fall was stoma limitation when relative water content was over 57.3%.In other soil moisture conditions,stoma limitation was the dominating reason before 13:00,while non-stoma limitation became dominant after 13:00.According to the connections between the photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate,water use efficiency and soil moisture,in loess hilly plateau,the fitting soil relative water content maintaining Amygdalus davidiana natural growth was between 39.7% and 57.3%.At the same time,it should be planted in shady slope or semi-shady slope in site design.


Porcelain art is a classic art treasure in the history of human civilization. After thousands of years of development, it carries the wisdom and sweat of the ancients and draws us a masterpiece tha...


The main changes in hogs intestines caused by the syndrome of post weaning multisystematic emaciation have been studied. It is established that in hogs diseased with the above syndrome disturbances of nutrients absorptions are observed. The degree of absorption disturbance is directly dependent on the expressiveness of morphological changes and severity of the post weaning multisystematic emaciation.


The two novels that form the subject of my essay are Sashi Deshpande's That Long Silence (1988), and Nina Sibal's Yatra (The Journey) (1987), both originally published by British feminist presses. These writers' inscription of space as a gendered concept within the polarized categories of "home" and "world," provides my point of entry into the exploration of their novels as representative of a specific post-independence historical moment. A certain "feminism" and a certain "nationalism," corresponding to the gendered spaces of "home" and "world," produce the distinctive postcolonial features of their work. Some sort of division of private and public spheres seems to have always and universally accompanied the construction of genders, whether, as in classical Tamil poetry, as a division between the spaces of "aham" (inner) and "puram" (outer), corresponding to the polarity love/war; or between leisure and work, as in European eighteenth-century bourgeois society; or between domestic (unpaid) labor and wage labor, or reproduction (child-bearing) and production, as under capitalist social systems. Different kinds of actual (social) values have been attached to each domain, though conceptually the


Objective To investigate the continuous blood purification for multiple organ failure of the rescue and treatment. Methos In the conventional treatment given on the basis of continuous blood purification treatment.Result before and after treatment serum creatinine, alanine aminotansferase, creat-ine phosphokinase have decreased significantly. Conclusion The continuous blood purification treatment of multiple organ failure has an important role in the rescue.

Key words:
Of continuous blood purification;  Multiple organ failure


1. Introduction 2. Materials 3. Manufacturing Processes 4. Micromechanics 5. Ply Mechanics 6. Macromechanics and Stiffness Design 7. Failure and Strength Design 8. Beams 9. Plates and Stiffened Panels 10. Shells A. CADEC Software B. Conversion of Units


The article presented here aims at discussing some characteristically marked semantic aspects of Russian language directly associated to morphological or syntactic elements. These aspects will be commented in the light of some relations between Portuguese and Russian languages and examples found in literary translations from Russian to Portuguese.


A combination of endocardial and epicardial approaches has improved the overall success rate of ventricular tachycardia (VT) ablation in patients with cardiomyopathy. However, the origins of some VTs are truly intramural or close to coronary arteries, which makes this combined strategy either prone to failure or too risky.


The youth is an important group of action in Agroecology, sometimes because they are the future leaders of communities working in decision-making, sometimes because they represent the knowledge exchange agents about Agroecology. The research evaluated the performance of young people in the agro-ecological context of the state of Sao Paulo. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with young people from 15 to 29 years, in order to address questions about the perception of these young people on their role on Agroecology. It was found that the performance of young people in Sao Paulo Agroecology is heterogeneous, which university students, peasants and rural extension are protagonists. This actions occur through both public and private entities, where these young people participate in the processes that promote Agroecology in the state, often acting through more than one way, articulating them through the exchange of knowledge disseminated by the precepts of Agroecology.


It is a necessary part in processing the logging information that to make the logging curve digitizing.The present widly used logging interpretation tools are difficult to operate,and the data processing is in trouble.Then,in this paper,a new methord to use the DigXY software to make the initial logging information graph into digitization is put forward.With this software several types of graphes can be changed into different datas,and it can also change the scaning graph into datas.From the research,the datas that extracted from graphes highly evaluate the logging result,which both simplifies calculation and accurately describes the characteristics of logging result.There is important field directive significance and using value.


In this paper we show a possible perspective for networks of distributed sensors based on organic field effect transistors assembled on a yarn. The electronic yarn will allow to obtain matrices of sensors assembled by textile technology and will ensure to obtain for wearable devices the necessary properties of drapability and conformity to the body.


The MTB composed of both boundary scan chips and non boundary scan devices will be existing for a long time. Clusters Testing of non boundary scan devices in MTB is a very important and practical problem. In order to reduce the test time of clusters in MTB, a technique of optimal configuring multiple boundary scan chains is presented based on the greedy strategy and the sorting technique of single boundary scan chain. The examples show that this technique can increase the test efficiency significantly.


The ferroelectric domain variation and electrical performance of (PZT) based capacitors through La additions were systematically studied. La substitution up to 10 % was performed to lower the coercive and saturation voltages of epitaxial ferroelectric capacitors grown on Si using a (Ti_{0.9}Al_{0.1})N/Pt$ conducting barrier composite. Ferroelectric capacitors substituted with 10 % La show significantly lower coercive voltage compared to capacitors with 0 % and 3 % La. This is attributed to a systematic microstructure change into domain and decrease in the tetragonality (i.e., c/a ratio) of the ferroelectric phase. These capacitors show promise as storage elements in low power memory architectures.


A new versatile near-field scanning optical microscope (NSOM) for technical and biological application have been developed in our laboratory. The microscope can be operated in all known modes, viz., scanning optical, photon tunneling and apertureless photon tunneling modes. Different methods of NSOM tip production are discussed in the paper. The maximal displacement of the coarse adjustment unit is 1 mm the approach step is about 0,05 μm. The NSOM scanner consist of a mechanical scanner with large displacement range (1 mm) on which is mounted a fine piezoscanner with a scanning range about 4 μm. The maximal scanning range of the NSOM is about 1 mm laterally and 4 μm in perpendicular to sample surface direction with rough selection of area for study in the total area about 15x15 mm under conventional optical microscopy observation (maximal magnification 100). As a sample holder are used either a glass prism in photon tunneling mode or a flat glass in scanning optical mode. The microscope has a digital control unit connected with IBM PC through a parallel interface. The NSOM high rigidity makes it possible to operated in ordinary laboratory without any additional vibration isolation devices.


The present invention relates to an all pseudocapacitance super capacitor, which is a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator and an electrolyte interposed therebetween, and is characterized in that: the positive electrode by a tricobalt tetroxide (of Co3O4) attached grown MWCNTs / conductive carbon cloth from the bottom of the negative electrode composed of iron oxide (Fe2O3) made in attached growth on MWCNT / conductive carbon cloth substrate, said multi-wall carbon nanotube / multi-substrate conductive carbon cloth diameter of 30-40 nanometers walled carbon nanotubes mutually cross-linked, uniformly, densely distributed space within the conductive carbon cloth, presented in the form of three-dimensional network. And its traditional carbon based supercapacitors compared to greater than Pseudocapacitance capacity and good rate performance.


The home learning environment (HLE) has been considered to contribute to children's early math and reading development. Previous studies examined the HLE by examining the influence of parent-child math and reading activities on math and reading outcomes, however also parents' own perceptions of math and reading and their math anxiety (MA) and reading anxiety (RA) contribute to the HLE but the latter factors have been scarcely explored. The aim of this study was to provide a more holistic view of the HLE and its relations with children's cognitive and non-cognitive outcomes in math and reading at the start of primary school. This paper examined the relations within the HLE, and the relations between the HLE and children's early math and reading outcomes. Participants were 301 first-grade children and their parents. The HLE was measured by the parent questionnaire. Children's digit comparison, number line estimation, letter knowledge and phonological awareness skills were measured as well as their math and reading anxiety levels. The results demonstrated a significant association between parents' perceptions and their anxiety towards math and reading. No significant associations were found between parents' perceptions towards math and the frequency of home numeracy activities, whereas significant relations were found in the domain of reading. Socioeconomic status was found to provide a unique contribution in children's digit comparison and math anxiety, while no significant relations were observed between other HLE factors and children's outcomes. The current study suggests the importance of including parents' perceptions and feelings to explore the dynamics of the HLE and its impact on children's math and reading outcomes.


Globally anthropogenic materials have replaced natural materials. These substances which were industrially useful have proved to be highly deleterious in recent decade. One of these compound is Bisphenol A (BPA), which is used in almost all food cans and containers. This paper focus on little known aspects of BPA which is an endocrine disruptor on oogenesis, gene implants, embryo development, mammary glands, prostate ,testis urethra. Exposure to even small concentrations of BPA have shown severe impact on different stages of embryo development. The behaviour modifications as well as carcinogenic effects are also discussed based on the studies on various animal models. Keywords: Bisphenol A, Leaching, Endocrine disruptor, Development, Carcinogenicity.


In order to study the denitrobacteria in activated sludge,thirty-two strains of bacteria were isolated from Honghu and Xiantao,Hubei Province.After determining denitrifiying capability of them,three strains were chosen out because of their better denitrifying capability.The three strains were named as HS-N25,HSMP12 and HS-MP13 respectively and they could use sodium nitrate as the sole nitrogen cource.These bacteria had fast and strong denitrifying capability in SC and removed 10 mmol/L nitrate in 18,15 and 12 hours,respectively.The result indicated that the isolated strains HS-N25,HS-MP12 and HS-MP13 were most similar to Bacillus cereus based on the results of morphologic characteristics,physiological and biochemical properites and phylogentic analysis of 16S rDNA sequence.The three srains were identified as Bacillus cereus preliminarily.


Digital transformation is a key determinant in global economic growth and development. There are serious risks of digitalization of markets and society. In order to understand the key trends in consumer behavior under the conditions of digital economy, the analytics of various global consulting companies such as McKinsey Global Institute (MGI), the consulting company Gartner, Inc., companies Deloitte, Bain & C, Forrester Consulting were summarized in this study. Based on the analysis, the main shifts in consumer behavior in the post-industrial society during the transformation of the service economy into the consumer environment of the digital economy are determined. The article describes the changes in the pReferences and behavior of customers in the post-industrial economy under the influence of digital transformations. The result of the study led to the understanding of the fact that the buyer cannot predict his/her experience, since the participation of the buyer himself/herself in determining the value is increasingly required, which leads to the formation of the phenomenon of "co-creation of the value".


Electrochromic properties of V2O5‐TiO2 thin films prepared by a spin‐coating method were strongly dependent on the film compositions and heat‐treatment temperatures. It was found that the nearly amorphous film of V2O5‐TiO2 (3:7 in molar ratio) heat‐treated at 400 °C showed coloration to reddish brown when polarized at −0.8 V vs SCE. This new coloration was concluded to be ascribable to amorphous vanadium oxide.


The water mite family Pontarachnidae Koenike, 1910, the only family of the Hydrachnidia occurring in the marine environment, represents a well-defined monophyletic clade (Pešić, Chatterjee, Alfaro, & Schizas, 2014). The family includes two genera: Litarachna Walter, 1925 and Pontarachna Philippi, 1840. The latter genus is represented in Turkey by three species: Pontarachna expisce Smit, 2008, found in the gill of fish and collected in the Mediterranean Sea (Smit, 2008), and P. adriatica Morselli, 1980 and P. valkanovi Petrova, 1978, both collected from the southern Black Sea (Pešić, Sezgin, Karaçuha, & Ürkmez, 2013). The specimens of the latter species were collected from 3 m water depth, while P. adriαtica seems to prefer deeper waters (10 m depth) (Pešić et al. 2013). At present only one species of the genus Litarachna, L. divergens Walter, 1925, has been reported from Turkey (Antalya, Eastern Mediterranean; Thessalou-Legaki et al., 2012). However, the latter species has recently been considered as a species incerta by Pešić and Smit (2015). These authors stated that the record from Turkey published under the name of L. divergens probably refers to L. communis Walter, 1925. During 2013–2014, the junior authors conducted a biodiversity survey at two study sites: Urla and Çeşmealtı, located in Izmir Bay (Aegean Sea, Turkey). Pontarachnid mites were collected by hand netting from the marine littoral (0–3 metres), sorted in the laboratory with the aid of a stereomicroscope, and preserved in 70% alcohol. The material will be deposited in the collection of the first author. The composition of the material is: males/females/deutonymphs. In this study, three species new for the Turkish fauna are identified.


Let $D 0$ is an absolute positive constant independent of $D$. More generally, let $K$ be a bounded degree number field over $\mathbb{Q}$ with the discriminant $D_K$ and the class number $h_K.$ We conjecture that a positive proportion of the ideal classes of $K$ contain a prime ideal with a norm less than $h_K\log(|D_K|)$.


ABSTRACT There are many different types of open pit mining operations around the world, and the challenge for any drive system manufacturer is to produce a system or systems that will work satisfactorily In these mines. Several factors must be considered, such as vehicle speed requirements, available engine horsepower, mine rolling resistance, grades, grade lengths, payload and tire sizes. How well a particular drive system performs depends on size, weight, and available tractive/retarding effort. In addition to performance, the system must also, have an operating cost that will be acceptable over the life of the equipment Today the choice of drive or electrical and within these Woes there are several manufacturers. Regardless of how die power is provided to the rear wheels, the job most he accomplished reliably and at acceptable cost. This paper will cover characteristics of an electric drive system and how it is applied.


The paper discusses data on the estates of the Jakšić family in eastern Slavonia and Srem based mostly on unpublished documents, which has not drawn special attention of the privious historiography. In 1477, the brothers Stefan and Dmitar Jakšić received the Korođ (Kórógy) fortress with the associated possessions in Valkó County from Hungarian king Matthias Corvinus. The estate remained in the possession of the Jakšićs for sixty years, until the fall of Slavonia under Ottoman rule, but the data about it provided by sources are very scarce. An approximate idea of the structure of this estate of the Jakšićs can be obtained on the basis of the census of the Korođ estate from 1469. In Srem County, the Jakšićs owned the castle (castellum) and the market town (oppidum) of Árpatarló with at least six villages and one wasteland, as reported by judicial acts related to the conflict between Marko and Dmitar Jakšić the Younger with the baronial family Geréb of Vingárt over this estate (1496–1498). The document from 1519 concerning the manner of collecting the church tithe from wine in the market town of Árpatarló and its appurtenances gives some new data about Stefan Jakšić the Younger, who died in 1519, before August 20, and not about ten years earlier, as has long been thought. Árpatarló was destroyed in the following years during the Ottoman attacks on Srem, and its exact location is unknown. According to one opinion, Árpatarló is identical with the present-day town of Ruma, and according to another opinion, it was located on the site of Gradina south of the monastery and the settlement of Krušedol.


We employed edge-magnetoplasmon (EMP) resonance technique to study magneto-transport properties of 2DES where edge states play an important role. We measured EMP frequencies and linewidths of 2DES on liquid helium surface under various lateral con nement potentials. The experimental results show that as the lateral con nement potential is reduced measured EMP linewidth takes minimum at a certain strength of con nement potential and broad signal was obtained on further potential reduction. This broadening behavior is absolutely unexpected from the exsisting theories of conventional EMP. We consider that an oscillation mode transition is responsible for the linewidth broadening. The linewidth behavior in the strong con nement region is reasonably explained by conventional EMP, while the broad signals in the weak con nement region is not. We show our experimental data and discuss the origin of the line broadening.


Despite recent advances in software and hardware aspects of virtual reality (VR), from the software design point of view VR technology remains primitive. In particular, most existing VR applications suffer from lack of extensibility, maintainability and reusability. Examples of successful architectures include those of web-based applications that utilize such technologies as XML (extensible markup language) and XSL (extensible style sheets) to separate the data models from the view. VR simulations are similar to web-based applications in that they may also consist of some models (e.g., mathematical models) and views (3D representations of the mathematical models). This paper presents an architecture that dynamically generates VR simulations based on XML models that are received as input. Theses XML models are used to define and configure the various elements of an interactive VR application, such as 3D graphics, mathematical or other models and the nature of user interactions (i.e. haptic interaction, physical attributes, etc).


This study investigated the cytotoxic and anthelmintic activities of Leonurus sibiricus L . (commonly known as Raktodrone in Bangladesh) belonging to the family Labiatae. The dried leaves and roots of L. sibiricus were extracted with methanol and fractionated by modified Kupchan method. The crude methanolic extracts as well as its soluble fractions of petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and chloroform were screened for cytotoxic activity using brine shrimp lethality bioassay. They were found to possess significant cytotoxic activities. The LC 50 values of crude extract of leaves and its pet-ether, ethyl acetate and chloroform soluble fractions were 1.0, 2.0, 2.11 and1.33 µg/ml, respectively. On the other hand, the LC 50 of crude methanolic extract of roots and fractions of pet-ether, ethyl acetate and chloroform were 2.0µg/ml, 2.81 µg/ml, 3.55 µg/ml and 7.58µg/ml, respectively. Vincristine sulphate was used as positive control. The crude methanol extract of leaves and roots also showed very good anthelmintic activities as determined against the earthworms, Pheretima posthuma . The study confirms the moderate anthelmintic and potent cytotoxic activities of leaf and root extracts of L. sibiricus . © 2012 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v4i3.9998 J. Sci. Res. 4 (3), 721-727 (2012)


Rave drugs are a class of synthetic drugs that are becoming increasingly popular among the adolescents and youths, especially those who participate in parties where the use of these drugs is rampant. Because of the wrong perception regarding their ability to increase sociability, energy, and safety, they are being extensively abused and are making alarming inroads in the Indian social scenario too. Anesthesiologists can expect to come across rave drug users in their clinical practice. Considering the settings in which rave parties are held, it is likely that anesthesiologists will have to deal with rave drug users in emergency situations. However, it is possible for anesthesiologists to come across such patients who are posted for elective surgeries too. This review attempts to increase awareness among anesthesiologists about the emerging societal menace of rave drugs and their pharmacological characteristics, their effects on various organ systems, and their associated anesthetic interactions.


Groundwater in Bangladesh is contaminated with Arsenic. Drinking this water over a few year time may cause damage to the liver and the skin and lead eventually to cancer.Especially the regions in the South, the Southwest and the Northeast of Bangladesh often show a contamination of more then 80 % of all drinking water sources, and thereby leaving no alternative than drinking from this source. These regions must be differentiated from those with fewer contaminated sources, where arsenic free groundwater might be available naturally.Through different approaches national and international organisations try to supply access to clean water for the people affected. Despite these attempts and the known damaging effects of Arsenic today, the majority of people inhabiting the affected areas still consume unhealthy water.This study tries to point out efficient solutions and to analyse the steps undertaken so far. The use of filter-technologies, the construction of deep tubewells or the screening for clean sources are possible ways to provide clean water. But to implement one of them the local context must be regarded. Information, access to financial resources and technical equipment must be provided as well.


As the interconnect delay is becoming a larger fraction of the clock cycle time, the conventional global stalling mechanism, which is used to correct error in general synchronous circuits, would be no longer feasible because of the expensive timing cost for the stalling signal to travel across the circuit. In this paper, we propose recovery-based resilient latency-insensitive systems (RLISs) that efficiently integrate error-recovery techniques with latency-insensitive design to replace the global stalling. We first demonstrate a baseline RLIS as the motivation of our work that uses additional output buffer which guarantees that only correct data can enter the output channel. However this baseline RLIS suffers from performance degradations even when errors do not occur. We propose a novel improved RLIS that allows erroneous data to propagate in the system. Equipped with improved queues that prevent accumulation of erroneous data, the improved RLIS retains the system performance. We provide theoretical study that analyzes the impact of errors on system performance and the queue sizing problem. We also theoretically prove that the improved RLIS performs no worse than the global stalling mechanism. Experimental results show that the improved RLIS has 40.3% and even 3.1% throughput improvements compared to the baseline RLIS and the infeasible global stalling mechanism respectively, with less than 10% hardware overhead.


Many investment practitioners rely on the 'January Barometer', namely, they believe in the theory of 'as goes January, so goes the year', which is fundamentally related to the well-known January effect. Unlike many prior studies that examined the well-known January effect per se, we investigate the issue of whether or not the signs of January returns have superior predictive value for future stock returns vis-a-vis the predictive value of the signs of returns in any other calendar month. Using NYSE equal-weighted stock index, we confirm the existence of the January effect in the sample period of 1941-2002 with both unconditional and conditional evidence, and we document two additional manifestations of the well-known January effect. We also introduce a new type of January effect, namely the signs of January returns have superior predictive value vis-a-vis the signs of any other calendar month's returns for the purpose of predicting the next 12-months' returns.


At present,many laws and criterions demand related severely dangerous industries for making report of risk assessment when they produce and deal in. The report of risk assessment must pass when they are examined and commented,the passed report also must be examined and approved before the government promulgate license of safety production,then the production of industry is legal. But,there are not uniform standards and criterions for report of risk assessment's comment,this is undefined. So,we must establish some rules,which let the report of risk assessment's comment tend towards normalization and standardization.


Strychnous nuxvomica Linn, known as Kuchala in Ayurveda is a well known poisonous herb that consists of multiple health benefits in Indian system of medicine. In Ayurveda, it is said as Upavisha and used as a popular folk medicine from ancient times. This Kuchala is still being used in rural India in the medicinal form. Strychnine is a main contain of Kuchala which was first used in 1540 for the purpose of medicine and continued to be used in many stimulants, tonics and cathartics. It includes constituents like alkaloids with flavonoids, iridoids and phenolic glycosides. Research studies have reported its anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anticancer, antipyretic, gastroprotective, antidiabetic, antialcoholic, hepatoprotective, antioxidant, antinociceptive, anti-snake venom and neuropharmacological properties. Though considered as an extremely poisonous plant, but has enormous medicinal properties.


With the rapidly increasing amount of various types of biological data currently available to researchers, the focus of the biomedical research community has been shifting from pure data generation towards the development of new methodologies for data analytics. Although many researchers continue to focus on approaches developed for analyzing single types of biological data, recent attempts have been made to utilize the availability of heterogeneous data sets that contain various types of data and try to establish tools for data integration and analysis in many bioinformatics applications. Such attempts are expected to increase significantly in this coming decade. While this can be viewed as a positive step towards advancing big data analytics in bioinformatics, it is critical that these integration methodologies are meticulously studied to ensure high quality of the knowledge extracted from the integrated data. In this work, we employ data integration methods to analyze biological data obtained from protein interaction networks and gene expression data. We conduct a study to show that potential problems can arise from integrating or fusing data obtained at different granularity levels and highlight the importance of developing advanced data fusing techniques to integrate various types of biological data for analytical purposes. Further, we explore the impact of granularity from a more formulized approach and the granularity levels significantly impact the quality of knowledge extracted from the integrated data.


Optimization approaches such as business process management (BPM) have become increasingly popular in the past decade. This comes as a result of and increasingly smarter, quicker and better business landscape. To achieve success, companies must identify the best path and they need to do it efficiently.


Objective To discuss the experiences of precise liver resection for complex Hepatic Neoplasm.Method Clinical data were retrospectively studied in 9 patients with complex Hepatic Neoplasm treated by precise liver resection in the Second Affiliatted Hospital of Kunming Medical University from 2010-4 to 2012-2.Results All patients underwent the operation successfully without severe complications such as hepatic failure,renal fail and hepatic encephalopathy.The liver function tests showed normal results within 10 days after operation and the patients were discharged at 20 days post operatively.Six month survival rate was 100%.Conclusion Precise hepatectomy technique can provide an accurate picture of liver veins anatomy and its relationship with the tumor,and improve the safety of hepatectomy.


Since 1984, the Unified Survey has been the World Bank's principle mechanism for gathering quantitative macroeconomic information from country teams on Bank member countries. After gathering annual data those teams also do most-likely-scenario projections. The author examines the numerical projections of macroeconomic indicators carried out by World Bank country teams for Unified Surveys for fiscal years 1991-97. He studies the accuracy of short-term projects (for the current year, first year, and three years ahead) for 23 countries in the different World Bank regions. He also compares the Unified Survey projections with the International Monetary Fund's (IMF's) projections for its fall World Economic Outlook (WEO). He finds that: 1) The Unified Survey projections are inaccurate when evaluated over the whole period investigated (1990-96). However, their accuracy has improved over time. 2) Improvements are notable in projections for investment, GDP inflation, and government deficit. Projections of external indicators - such as import and export growth - are still substantially inaccurate and should be greatly improved. 3) The Unified Survey projections are as accurate as - or more accurate than - the WEO projections. 4) One cannot characterize the United Survey projections as optimistic. This is the first systematic attempt to evaluate the accuracy of country team macroeconomic projections over time and the first to compare these with the IMF's WEO projections.


The Feeling of Risk: New Perspectives on Risk Perception by Paul Slovic addresses the increasingly
popular topic of risk perception and is the successor to the acclaimed The Perception of Risk
(2000). The Feeling of Risk is undoubtedly a source of in-depth understanding of the significance
of feelings and is a substantive contribution to risk perception research. It aims at renewing its
predecessor's intentions of communicating the latest research in the field and presents new insights
on the role of feelings in risk behaviour, perception and decision making.


Willingness to pay (WTP) for payments for environmental services (PES) can be temporarily reliable if contingent valuation (CV) studies are embedded in an accurate survey population, yield low measurement errors, and are based on a correct assumption of no change in sociodemographic factors affecting buyer preferences. These pre-conditions are assumed in PES schemes applying temporal reliability of WTP. This study tests these conditions in CV-PES studies from 2001, 2003, and 2011 in Lombok, Indonesia, by comparing them with a new CV-PES study in 2015. Our results show that the CV-PES studies would not meet the pre-conditions due to inclusion of non-PES buyers, potential measurement errors implied by a lack of validating information and high WTP estimate, and/or failure to test the condition of no change of socio-economic factors. Results contribute to identifying pragmatic challenges and lessons for applying temporal reliability of WTP to PES implementation.


The study investigated the relationship between the circadian variation of salivary melatonin and the amount of light received during the day and night. Forty one females served as subjects. An illuminance meter worn on the wrist of the non-dominant arm measured the amount of light which subjects leading a diurnal lifestyle received during two consecutive days. Light received from the time of rising to 18:00h was defined as 'daytime light', and that from 18:00h to the time of retiring as 'nighttime light'. The average amount of light over the two days was 48 × 10 4 lx during the daytime and 11 × 10 4 lx during the nighttime. Saliva was collected every 4h in order to measure melatonin secretion. Peaks of melatonin secretion were observed at 14:00h and 18:00h in the subjects who had received lesser amounts of light during the daytime and nighttime. Melatonin secretion was high around 22:00h and peaked around 02:00h in the subjects who had received greater amounts of light during the daytime and lesser amounts of light during the nighttime. Nocturnal melatonin secretion was suppressed in the subjects who received greater amounts of light during the nighttime. Thus, the amount of light received during the daytime and the nighttime during the course of a diurnal lifestyle could have a profound influence on the circadian pattern of melatonin secretion.


The paper analyzes the salinity dynamics in the Sivash Bay after the closure of the NorthCrimean based on the data from field research carried out by MHI RAS in 2014–2020. Recent field data are compared with the literature data obtained in the period before the commissioning of the North Crimean Canal. Salinity in water samples taken during 18 expeditions to the Eastern and Southern Sivash at over 100 stations was determined using the refractometric method. It was shown that after the closure of the North Crimean Canal in 2014, there was a steep increase in salinity in the Eastern and Southern Sivash. It was determined that in the area of the Sivash Bay, the haline field changes non-uniformly. The data analysis showed that salinity increases from north to south (from the Eastern to Southern Sivash), moreover salinity values in the Southern Sivash can be several times higher than those in the Eastern Sivash. In spring 2014, salinity in the Eastern Sivash varied from 27 to 33 ‰, and in 2020, 6 years after the closure of the Canal, salinity increased significantly at all stations reaching 60–70 ‰. These values are comparable to those obtained before the start of the Canal in the 1950s. The highest salinity values were observed in the South Sivash: in 2013, it was 54 ‰ and in summer 2020, for the first time since the North Crimean Canal became operational, it reached 110 ‰, which almost corresponds to the salinity level observed in 1969.


According to the psychoanalytical theories of Basic Anxiety and Repetition Compulsion,one's early experience plays a very important role in the development of his personality and character.Basic Anxiety originates from one's childhood when his parents fails to fulfill the baby's request for security and gratification,in order to resist which,one develops a series of particular coping styles and repeats these styles in his life,thus results in Repetition Compulsion. This paper looks into Scarlet 's childhood parent- child relationship and her early experience,thus tries to find out the cause of her Repetition Compulsion and its influence on the development of her rebellious character.


EDITOR, - In his review of David Clark's book The Future for Palliative Care, Geoffrey Hanks writes that roughly 15% of the 160 000 patients who die of cancer each year in Britain have access to specialist palliative care.1 This is by no means the full picture.

The hospice information service conducts an annual survey of the palliative care services of Great Britain and the Republic of …


Under the current urgency circumstances of energy saving and emission reduction, the comprehensive utilization of various forms of energy and others strengths, together to realize the environment protection and resources conservation has become a research hotspot. This paper focuses on the energy supply of civil-military integration industrial park of Mianyang. Combining with planning and design of the industrial park, this paper carries on a detailed planning practice research analysis from the aspects of energy demand, supply and construction conditions, and at the same time, put forward reasonable regional energy planning and bring thoughts on the current large-scale industrial park energy planning. 1 Background With the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization, Chinese energy demand is increasing, and the energy crisis has become increasingly visible with the imbalance between supply and demand, environmental pollution and the greenhouse effect, which seriously restricts the sustainable economic and social development of our country. Regional energy system planning can make use of renewable energy and clean energy on a massive scale, which is considered as an effective way to solve the energy crisis. Nowadays, regional energy planning has become an indispensable part of urban development planning with a strategic height. Since reform and opening up, our economic development is greatly promoting the progress of urbanization, and the construction of the industrial park has been vigorously conducted around. However, park construction and development of energy saving society did not go hand in hand yet. At present, there exists lots of problems on the energy planning of most industrial parks in China. First, in the industrial park, with the lack energy use of the park internal environment has become increasingly prominent, leading to these indicators that closely relates to the environment, such as air quality, water environment quality, solid waste disposal decreased year by year. Second, energy and environmental issues are closely related to the human production and living in the park, with longevity and inertia. Because of lack of reasonable planning and the unsustainable rapid expansion, it results in the construction of large density with serious environmental and health problems. Third, for a long time, China's water, electricity, gas and other departments operate independently in the planning and construction phases, which brings serious duplicate infrastructure construction and low efficiency. In order to improve the operation level of regional construction, it is significant to construct of energy- conserving and environmentally-friendly society, for the development direction of the industrial park energy planning, ideas and energy supply mode and other issues.


This article explores learners' perceptions of their speaking ability, contributions to oral class activities in the EFL classroom, and attitudes toward these activities, as well as how these perceptions and attitudes influenced learners' readiness to communicate in the L2. The study used a variety of data collection instruments, but the online interview was the primary source of data. This study included twenty students from the English department (L2). During the online interview, students were asked to reflect on their opinions of problems encountered when studying and speaking in an EFL classroom. It was discovered that lack of vocabulary (35%) fluency (25%), anxiety (15%), grammar (10%), pronunciation (10%), and use of English with peers (5%) are the elements that make pupils feel uneasy when speaking in English. The findings of this study show that students' perceptions of the speaking activities and of themselves as learners in the foreign language classroom influenced their readiness to communicate in a variety of ways. In general, as learners' self-esteem grew, so did their readiness to use the L2 in class


Grid computing is a proven technology for a cost effective means of solving computationally intense problems. However, current systems present challenges to scientists and students who may not be very skilled at programming parallel applications for use on such systems. EDGAR is a grid computing solution which meets two critical constraints, namely ease of application programming for users and platform independence. Satisfying those two constraints make EDGAR a cost effective grid computing approach which will be easier for scientists and students to use for solving computationally intense problems.


The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of the home environment to creativity. It is specifically focused on looking for connections between the home environment and adolescents' creativity and to identify whether the home environment made any differences to students' creativity. The subjects in this study were 510 from middle and high. A summary of the findings of this study are as: First, regarding the relationship of home environment to students creativity, the students' creativity was significantly correlated to factors of home environment. Second, concerning the impact of home environment on creativity, the adolescents from families that provided better environments had a higher creative ability than the others from families with a poorer environment.


This paper is a review of literature on delay analysis methods(DAMs)based on comparison and selection of DAMS.The DAMs are divided into critical path method(CPM) and Non-CPM.The improvements of DAMs which help to solve such problems as concurrent delays,resource allocation,float ownership and productivity losses are discussed.Through the comparisons of the existing DAMs,The features and suitability of each DAM are analyzed.New ideas for improving DAMs to promote precise development and integration are proposed.


For a three-phase (α,β,γ) coexisting equilibrium system, the densities of these three phase are in the order ργ>ρβ>ρα and the middle phase (β) may exist in the form of non-wetting, partial wetting or complete wetting between the upper(α)and lower(γ)phases. The transition from a partial wetting region to a non-wetting (or a complete wetting) region is called a wetting transition. Consequently, what we are concerned about is the wetting behavior near the tricritical point and whether there are wetting transitions or not. By adjusting the system parameters, such as temperature, pressure, salt concentration and kinds of surfactants, we can make the system approach to its tricritical point. In a multi-component liquid mixture, a tricritical point (TCP) is defined as a point at which three coexisting liquid phases become simultaneously single phase. Thus, in this study, we try to approach the tricritical point by changing the oil-chain length of the system "water +oil +surfactant". With the decrease of the oil chain length, we can successfully approach the tricritical point. In the study, the main three-component systems are "water+alkane(octane、nonane、decane)+C4E1" and pendant bubble/drop tensionmetry was applied to measure interfacial/surface tensions and calculate the wetting coefficients to judge the wetting behaviors of the systems. The symbol C4E1(ethylene glycol n-butyl ether) is a nonionic surfactant CiEj and CiEj is the abbreviation of CH3(CH2)i-1(OCH2CH2)jOH. From the conclusion of the study, when rising temperature from the lower critical point to upper critical point, we can find both two wetting transitions: complete wetting→partial wetting→complete wetting. Importantly, these behaviors obey Cahn's theory(J. Chem. Phys., 66, 3667, 1977), which asserts that for a three-phase coexisting system, complete wetting should be observed near the critical temperature. Besides, we also experiment on the two-component systems "water+CiPj(C3P1、C3P2、C4P1、C4P2、C4P3)". CiPj is another nonionic surfactant which is the abbreviation of CH3(CH2)i-1(OCH2CH(CH3))jOH. From the systems, we want to understand that whether there are wetting transitions or not by changing the temperature with different surfactants. In the conclusion, we can find that there is a wetting transition (partial wetting→complete wetting ) in the system "water+C3P2" which also obey Cahn's critical wetting theory and the system "water+C3P1" expresses complete wetting in our operating temperature range (10~40℃). However, three systems "water+C4P3", "water+C4P2"and "water+C4P1" all express partial wetting in the range from 10~40℃. Besides, we also discuss the effects of the hydrocarbon chain length and oxypropylene group length for wetting behaviors.


The protection fund of securities investors is regarded as the important organizational form of the risk compensation mechanism of security market-the developed country has already had successful legislation and practical experience abroad.At present-though the operation of the protection fund of securities investor of various countries and supervision mode have nothing in common with each other-but its legal structure content reaches unanimity basically.On the capital market of our country-the protection fund of securities investors still belongs to a kind of system innovation-in order to protect medium and small investors' rights and interests conscientiously-it is necessary to use the successful experience of the overseas developed country for reference-securities investors who establish the localization compensate for the legal system.


The invention relates to a system and method for process simulation data in a SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) system, wherein the SCADA system at least one SCADA server (14) and at least one SCADA client (1), the via a first network connection (10) are connected to each other, and means (24, 26, 27, 28) for communicating with sensors and actuators (29) of a process to be controlled and for recording process data is available. All existing SCADA server (14) and also all known SCADA clients (1) each contain a simulation module (6, 17, 30, 65). Simulation modules (6, 17, 30, 65) each have means (40) for simulating the process to be controlled, means (48) for the computation of process values, means (46) for storing simulation data, means (59) for configuring the simulation means (40), a first API (application Programming interface) (50) for external applications, simulation and a second API (54) to access simulation data and the simulation control. The feasible with this arrangement method enables users to select various simulation modes and inter alia an automated troubleshooting in the simulation means (40).


Coherent signal synthesis using spatial and spectral combining of multiple laser beams and time-domain pulse stacking enables overcoming fiber amplifier pulse duration and energy limitations and could lead to kHz repetition rate TW-peak power systems.


We report on a comprehensive study of the effect of impurities in thin film CdTe/CdS PV structures. Dynamic, quantitative SIMS and ICPMS spectrometry have been used to analyze starting materials, device layers and final device structures. Source materials of different purity were used: CdCl2 (5N to 95%), CdTe (7N to 5N), CdS (4N) and TCO (5N). Structures grown on glass have been compared with those grown on sapphire. Impurity profiles were obtained for O, Na, Si, Cl, Cu, Zn, Sn, Sb, In, Pb, S, Cd and Te. The profiles for Cu, Zn, Sn and Pb were found to be independent of the CdTe starting material and post-growth CdCl2 treatment. Cl, O, Na and Si had higher levels in structures grown with 5N CdTe source material. Interdiffusion of Te and S was enhanced in devices grown with 5N CdTe. In was found to originate from the TCO. Na originated principally from the glass but was also introduced by the use of lower grade CdCl2. The Si profile was independent of the substrate used. Intentional incorporation of 62 during the CdTe growth led to an enhanced concentration of both O and Cl in finished devices. This resulted in an improvement in all device parameters and an increase in efficiency from 11.5% to 14%


Background: The pre existing sagittal diameter is the distance from the middle of the posterior part of the vertebral body of each vertebra to the midpoint of corresponding lamina. The absolute diameter is the distance from the posterior aspect of spondylotic spur to the closest point in spinolaminar line at the particular inters space. They found in their study that pre existing sagittal diameter of 16.4 mm to 12.4 mm at C5 and the absolute diameter of 14.8 mm to 12.6 mm at C5-6 interspace. To study the importance of the sagittal diameters of the cervical spinal canal in relation to spondylosis and myelopathy. Methods: This study consisting of evaluation of initial and decreased sagittal diameters of cervical spines and its correlation with cervical spondylosis with and without myelopathy. The material of this analysis consisted of 150 patients who attended the outpatient department of the hospital. A detailed clinical examination was done in all the patients who included clinical history, general and systemic examination. Major groups under this study were the patients referred by a clinician with a provisional diagnosis of cervical spondylosis. A random survey of patients visited the Department of Radiology without any complaints were done, they were evaluated radiologically. While undertaking the radiological examination, we observed a specific proforma. Results: When multiple discs were involved, C5 – C6 disc involvement along with C4 – C5 was more common. When single disc involvement was there, then C5 – C6 disc involvement was maximum. Conclusion: The initial size of the canal may be an etiological factor in the development of cervical myelopathy.


Summary The administration of testosterone to rats, provided the initial injection is given during late estrus, leads to an enhanced and prolonged function of the corpora lutea, so that deciduomata can be produced by trauma tization of the uterus. The minimal total dosage necessary to produce this effect is between 2.5 and 5.0 mg, given over a period of 10 days. If it is increased to 20 mg there is, in addition, a marked hypertrophy of the corpora lutea cells, similar to that of normal pregnancy. A similar administration of prolactin in total dosages of from 600 to 2400 I.U. produces active corpora lutea, as shown by deciduoma formation, but there occurs no hypertrophy of the luteal cells.


This work examines drought and pluvial events based on Standardized PrecipitationEvapotranspiration Index (SPEI) over Kenya from 1981 to 2016. Spatiotemporal analysis of dry and wet events is conducted for 3 and 12-month SPEI. The drought incidences were observed during the period 1984, 1987, 2000, 2006, 2009, 2015, and 2016 for SPEI-3 whilst the SPEI-12 demonstrated the manifestation of drought during the year 2000 and 2006. SPEI clearly shows the wettest period, 1997 and 1998 coinciding with the El Nino event in both time steps. SPEI -3 shows a reduction in moderate drought events while severe and extreme cases were on increase towards the end of the twentieth century. Conversely, SPEI-12 depicts an overall severe drought occurrence over the study location with observed intensity of -1.54 and cumulative frequency of 64 months during the study period. The trend of wet events is upwards in the western and central highlands while the rest of the regions show increase in dry events during the study period. Moreover, moderate dry/wet events predominate whilst extreme events occur least frequent across all grid cells. It is apparent that the study area experiences mild extreme dry events in both categories although moderately severe dry events dominate most parts of the study area. High intensity and frequency of drought is noted in Preprints (www.preprints.org) | NOT PEER-REVIEWED | Posted: 25 December 2019 doi:10.20944/preprints201912.0343.v1 © 2019 by the author(s). Distributed under a Creative Commons CC BY license. SPEI-3 while least occurrences of extreme events are recorded in SPEI-12. Although drought event prevails across the study area, there is evidence of extreme flood conditions over the recent decades.


As part of a provincial forest site classification program, polymorphic site index equations were developed for Pinusbanksiana Lamb., Piceaglauca (Moench) Voss, Piceamariana (Mill.) B.S.P., and Abiesbalsamea (L.) Mill. in New Brunswick using a generalized version of the Chapman–Richards' height-growth model and data from stem analysis of dominant and codominant trees growing on a wide range of sites. Two generalized five-parameter versions of the Chapman–Richards' model were tested. The resulting equations explain from 96 to 98% of the variation in dominant tree height using breast-height age and site index as independent variables.


Recently, many ECUs (Electronic Control Units) have been used to increase the vehicle safety, which leads to a distributed control system. The distributed control system requires reducing the network delay for dependable real time performance. As an attempt to maintain the network delay under a certain limit, this thesis proposes using dual channel CAN network along with traffic balancing algorithm. The traffic balancing algorithm predicts the network traffic of each channel, and each node stochastically chooses which channel to be used for the next message. In order to evaluate the efficacy, network delay has been measured experimentally.


Immunohistochemical evidence for mesothelial origin of paratesticular adenomatoid tumour Sir: Isotalo et al. have commented on our recently published study that provided immunohistochemical evidence of mesothelial cell origin for a series of paratesticular adenomatoid tumours. In their letter Isotalo et al. refer to their own study in which they conclude that, rather than being of mesothelial cell origin, adenomatoid tumours are derived from mesenchymal cells. In this study they describe nests of epithelioid cells peripheral to aggregates of adenomatoid tumour acini. Additionally, in two cases of pseudomyxoma peritonei and two cases of testicular hydrocoele, they observed cytokeratin-positive glandlike structures within the stroma and describe a morphological transition between these epithelioid cells and adjacent stromal cells. They speculate that the epithelioid component of adenomatoid tumours develops from mesenchymal cells through a process of induction by submesothelial cells. We remain unconvinced of the validity of the conclusions Isotalo et al. drew from their data. In our own study and in a follow-up study in which we investigated calretinin expression and growth kinetics in the same series of tumours, we have demonstrated that the immunohistochemical phenotypic pro®le of the epithelioid component of both acinar and solid adenomatoid tumours is identical to that of mesothelial cell proliferations. It is highly unlikely that this would be the case if these cells were not of mesothelial cell origin, but were derived by a metaplastic process from what appear to be reactive ®broblasts. It is signi®cant that in adenomatoid tumours no cells intermediate between stromal and mesothelial (epithelioid) cells are seen. In support of this we have shown calretinin staining to be restricted to the epithelioid component of the tumour and that adjacent stroma shows no evidence of calretinin expression. This suggests that rather than being neoplastic in nature the stromal compartment arises through reactive desmoplasia, and further that the observed peripheral nests are local in®ltration by neoplastic cells. As the reactive lesions investigated by Isotalo et al. have all occurred in close proximity to mesothelial surfaces, we believe that the nests of cytokeratin-containing cells in these lesions are implanted mesothelial cells associated with reactive ®brosis. This phenomenon is frequently seen in pleural in ̄ammation and in this context is clearly not metaplastic in nature. Previous reports have shown adenomatoid tumours to have ultrastructural and immunohistochemical features of mesothelial cells and our two studies have provided additional evidence of this.


What initiates the investigative process is the concern of each researcher to find answers to the question that is up for discussion. In other words, the researcher is called on to organize the methodology that will help him examine the subject in the best and most reliable way possible. The methodology becomes part of the research procedure and consists of all the parameters (approximations, methods, techniques, material) that were used for the conduct of the research. However, what kind of methodology is considered as the most appropriate to meet the requirements of each researcher and for what reason? In this article an attempt is made to analyze the main reasons for which a researcher selects either qualitative or quantitative research methodology or even a combination of both. Finally, it is crucial to mention the sampling process. That is an integral part of research planning, since the selection of the sample affects the quality of the data as well as the research results. In the quantitative approach, the sampling aims to assemble a sample that represents the population it came from. That is not the case with the qualitative approach. Through numerous strategies the latter aims to detect cases that have the potential to produce the best possible information as well as in-depth study.


In this paper we report various factors which affect the voltammetry of PVFc polymer film electrode, and discuss the charge transport process of the polymer film electrode, Size of hydrated anion (counter ion), concentration of the electrolyte, swelling property of the film in the solvent and thickness of the film have significant effects on the voltammetry of the PVFc film electrode, We studied electrocatalysis of Fe(CN)(4)(6-), L-dopa and catechol by PVFc film electrode We also studied the kinetic processes of these reactants at rotating disk electrode (RDE). The current peaks of the mixture of ascorbic acid and catechol can not be seperated at bare glassy carbon electrode but can be seperated well at PVFc film electrode. This result is meaningful for biochemical analysis.


The purpose of this study was to look at the attitudes of those students entering a new counselor education program in Wales to see if changes in counselor attitudes took place as a result of a year-long program. Minimal change appeared to have taken place. The second portion of this investigation compared these students with a sample of United States students. There were significant differences between the two groups at both the beginning and the end of the programs.


This paper has for its scope the investigation by the microscope of the course of certain fibre-tracts in the brain which have not hitherto been minutely examined. After an introduction showing the difficulties of tracing these fibres by dissection and by other means, the method of investigation is given. This consisted in cutting serial sections of the brain of the Marmoset Monkey (Hapale jactans and penicillata) hardening in bichromate of potash; the sections were stained by Weigert's and also by Pal's hsematoxylin methods, whereby the fibres are differentiated.


SIDA (Intelligent Food Distribution System, for its acronym in Spanish) is a proposed tool for the distribution of food that can be personalized depending on the medical characteristics of each patient. The target of the tool is to provide foods that contain higher nutrients in the diet set by a hospital. A model of decision trees was based on data from the organization of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and used for decision making in the simulated three basic foods based on the diet of Latin American countries typically integrated by rice, potatoes, and lentils from the parameters of fat, energy, and protein, respectively, that contains every type of food.


Observations of wave propagation in landfast ice were obtained in Tempelfjorden, Svalbard during March 2015. Wave motion was measured near the ice edge using inertial motion units and consisted of a combination of swell from the North Atlantic and wind-generated waves. The waves were observed to be unidirectional in the ice with comparable magnitudes in the vertical and horizontal displacements. The dispersion relation was calculated from the measured phase difference between two adjacent sensors separated by a distance of approximately 60 m. Deviations from the gravity wave dispersion relation were observed during the growth phase of the waves and were consistent with the presence of flexural waves. This period of wave growth was accompanied by significant wave attenuation in the high frequency portion of the wave spectrum which persisted for 3–5 h.


HV defect analysis and categorisation to date, has in general, been based on the use of statistically driven techniques. Pulse sequence analysis (PSA) proposes that PD activity is more deterministic, with the occurrence of pulses dependant upon the defect type and supply cycle but also the effects of charge deposition at the discharge site from previous PD and its dissipation rate. The main characteristic of interest is the supply voltage difference between points at which discharges occur, as opposed to the phase of occurrence. PSA therefore involves the capture and analysis of sequential PD activity. This paper details the development of a system, capable of capturing sequential PD activity for PSA. The system utilises advances in PC instrumentation techniques which have become available since PSA was first proposed. An examination of the limitations of the new system and the measures taken to reduce these are presented along with some PSA results obtained using a basic defect geometry.


Assisted reproductive technologies, such as in vitro fertilization, have made their way to the Middle Eastern nation states. However, in the Sunni-dominant countries, third-party donation of sperm, eggs, embryos, and uteruses (as in surrogacy) is banned, leading some Sunni Muslim couples to travel to Iran and Lebanon, where Shia Muslim clergy have allowed donor technologies.


Objective To analyze the hydrocephalus shunt postoperative infection factors and prognosis.Methods The clinical data of 403 patients with hydrocephalus shunts,including 64 cases of postoperative infection,were retrospectively analyzed.And the sex ratio,age level,differences in etiology and infection,and their relationship with prognosis were analyzed by logistic regression.Results There were 64 infection cases (15.9%),including 47 cases of meningitis (73.5%),10 cases of peritonitis (15.6 %),and 7 cases of postoperative infection (10.9%).The results of single factor Logistic regression analysis showed that gender,idio-hydrocephaly,apoplexy were not significantly correlated with hydrocephalus shunt postoperative infection(P >0.05),while age,congenital hydrocephalus,intracranial neoplasms,infection time were correlated with hydrocephalus shunt postoperative infection (P < 0.05).Age was negatively correlated with GOS (r =-0.478,P < 0.05).Conclusion Age,hydrocephalus etiology and infection time were the risk factors for infection.Age is a factor affect the prognosis.

Key words:
Hydrocephalus ;  Ventriculoperitoneal shunt;  Risk factors ;  Prognosis


A prototype of portable sealed neutron generator has been recently built to deliver 14 MeV neutron beams tagged by a YAP:Ce alpha-particle detector in order to produce simultaneously multiple neutron beams to irradiate complex samples. Preliminary tests performed at the Institute Ruder Boskovic on the detection of explosives and fissile materials in maritime containers are presented


In the present study we focused on the selective hydrogenation of crotonaldehyde over bimetallic BN-supported catalysts which were prepared by co-incipient wetness impregnation. The compositions of the catalysts were platinum 1.1 wt% and tin from 0.25 to 0.75 wt%. Besides we also prepared monometallic catalysts 1.1wt%Pt/BN and 1.0wt%Sn/BN. We chose some commercial catalyst supports γ-Al2O3 and activated carbon to compare with BN. The reaction results revealed that the more tin in Pt-Sn/BN, the higher the selectivity to crotyl alcohol. The Pt-Sn(0.75)/BN has the selectivity to crotyl alcohol 0.63 under the conversion 60%. The improvement of the selectivity to crotyl alcohol was contributed to Snn+ as Lewis acid sites that adsorb and activate C=O bond. The catalysts were characterized by N2 adsorption BET method, hydrogen and carbon monoxide selective chemisorption, temperature programmed reduction (TPR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) technique. By the XPS analysis, we found mostly the tin remained Sn2+ after reduction in flowing hydrogen at 300oC and PtxSn alloys were formed in Pt-Sn/BN. However we could not find any PtxSn alloys in Pt-Sn/γ-Al2O3 by XRD as the PtxSn particles might be possibly too small to be detected by XRD. BN is more inert than γ-Al2O3 and interacts weakly with metal precursors, and therefore the metal aggregation is more severe. The selectivity to crotyl alcohol in Pt-Sn/γ-Al2O3 was also increased as the tin content increased at the same reaction temperature. However the yield of the butyraldehyde was decreased appreciably and it may be caused by the decrease of the Pt dispersion and the possibly small bimetallic clusters PtxSn. The yield of the crotyl alcohol was not improved apparently due to the different surroundings of the Sn2+. The reaction results of the Pt-Sn/AC were similar to those of Pt-Sn/γ-Al2O3.


Background: CD8+ T-cells in AML pts co-express multiple inhibitory receptors (IRs), including PD1, and IR expression increases with disease progression (Knaus et al, JCI Insight 2018). AZA upregulates pathways related to immunity and immune evasion in tumor cells, including PD-L1, (Wrangle et al, Oncotarget 2013) providing rationale for exploring AZA/Pembro combination in AML.
 Aims: To assess safety and response to AZA/Pembro after minimum 2 cycles of therapy in relapsed/refractory (R/R) (Cohort 1) and newly diagnosed (dx) older AML (Cohort 2).
 Methods: Cohort 1: Pts must have failed prior AML therapy. The first 6 pts (run in phase) received AZA 75 mg/m2 Days (D) 1-7 with Pembro 200 mg beginning on D8 and every (q)3 weeks (wks) thereafter. AZA cycles were repeated q4wks. No pts experienced dose limiting toxicity after minimum 3 cycles observation. After safety was established with the dosing schedule, patients with prior allogeneic stem cell transplant (alloSCT) were included and Cohort 2 started enrollment.
 Cohort 2: Pts ≥65 years (yrs) with newly dx AML and not candidates, or unwilling to receive, intensive chemotherapy.
 Other eligibility criteria (Cohort 1 and 2): ECOG PS 0-2 (changed to PS 0-1), adequate organ function, and no autoimmune processes requiring systemic immunosuppression.
 Results:
 Efficacy: Cohort 1 : 37 R/R pts have been enrolled. Baseline characteristics are summarized in Table 1A. 29 (78%) pts completed at least 2 cycles and are evaluable for response: 4 achieved complete remission (CR)/CR with incomplete hematologic recovery (CRi) (2/2) (14%) (Table 1B), 1 partial remission (PR) (4%), 4 hematologic improvement (HI) (14%), and 7 stable disease (SD) for at least 6 cycles (24%). The median # of cycles to response was 4 (range, 2-6). The 4- and 8-week mortality were 8% [all with rapidly progressive disease (PD): 2 received AZA for 3 and 5 days only] and 13%, respectively. With a median follow-up of 14.9 months (mos), the median overall survival (OS) for the whole cohort, responders + SD, and CR/CRi/PR is 10.8 mos (40% 1-yr), 13.9 mos (51% 1-yr), and 17.2 mos (75% 1-yr). The median event-free survival (EFS) is 6 mos, for all responders + SD 8.7 mos versus 2.6 mos for others (P<0.0001). The median disease-free survival (DFS) for CR/CRi patients is 8.5 mos. The median time on study is 4.4 mos, and pts received median 4 cycles (range, 1-16).
 Cohort 2: 22 newly dx pts have been enrolled and baseline characteristics are summarized in Table 1A. Among 17 evaluable pts, 8 achieved CR/CRi (6/2) (47%) (Table 1B), 2 PR (12%), 2 HI (12%), and 4 SD for at least 6 cycles (24%). The median # of cycles to response was 2 (range, 2-15). The 4- and 8-week mortality were 5% (pt received AZA 1 day only) and 9%, respectively. With a median follow-up of 19 mos, the median OS for the whole cohort is 13.1 mos, for responders + SD 13.4 mos (70% 1-yr) and not reached for CR/CRi/PR (79% 1-yr). The median EFS is 9.6 mos, for all responders + SD 13.4 mos versus 2.1 mos for others (P<0.0001). The median DFS for CR/CRi patients is 16.6 mos. The median time on study is 6.0 months, and pts received median 5 cycles (range, 1-21).
 Toxicity: Grade 3/4 and grade 2 immune-related adverse events (IRAE) were observed in 9 (24%) and 5 (11%) pts in Cohort 1, and 3 (14%) and 4 (18%) pts in Cohort 2, respectively. The most common ≥grade 2 IRAEs included skin rash (n=7; 12%; 4 pts with prior alloSCT), hepatitis (n=5; 9%; 1 pt with grade 2 liver GVHD), pneumonitis (n=5; 9%), hypothyroidism (n=4; 7%), arthralgia (n=2; 3%), pericarditis (n=2; 3%), hyperglycemia (n=2; 3%), nephritis (1; 2%), uveitis (n=1; 2%), mucositis (n=1; 2%, pt with oral GVHD), and fevers. Ten pts required systemic steroids, including 3 pts with GVHD exacerbation. One pt (Cohort 1) died from multi-organ failure with grade 3 pneumonitis/hepatitis in the setting of PD, and two pts (Cohort 2) were referred to hospice for PD with grade 3/4 hepatitis, respectively, 1 of which resolved with steroids; the other was untreated. The rest of pts responded to steroids. The median time to onset of toxicities was 2 cycles (range, 1-9 cycles).
 Conclusion: AZA/Pembro combination is safe, feasible and well tolerated for both R/R and newly dx older AML pts. Clinical activity is particularly notable in newly dx older AML pts. IRAEs occur and can be managed with steroids and supportive care in the majority of pts. Biomarker-based correlative studies are ongoing to better define specific subset of patients that may benefit from this approach.

 Gojo: Abbvie: Consultancy, Honoraria; Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria; Jazz: Consultancy, Honoraria; Amphivena: Research Funding; Amgen Inc: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Juno: Research Funding; Merck: Research Funding. Webster:Pfizer: Consultancy; Amgen: Consultancy; Genentech: Research Funding. Varela:Alexion: Speakers Bureau; NexImmune: Equity Ownership, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. DeZern:Astex Pharmaceuticals, Inc.: Consultancy; Celgene: Consultancy. Foster:Bellicum Pharmaceuticals, Inc: Research Funding; MacroGenics: Research Funding; Celgene: Research Funding; Daiichi Sankyo: Consultancy. Levis:Astellas: Consultancy, Research Funding; FUJIFILM: Consultancy, Research Funding; Menarini: Consultancy, Honoraria; Novartis: Consultancy, Research Funding; Agios: Consultancy, Honoraria; Amgen: Consultancy, Honoraria; Daiichi Sankyo Inc: Consultancy, Honoraria. Coombs:Abbvie: Consultancy; Covance: Consultancy; Pharmacyclics: Honoraria; Cowen & Co.: Consultancy; Medscape: Honoraria; Octopharma: Honoraria; H3 Biomedicine: Honoraria; Loxo: Honoraria; Dedham Group: Consultancy. Smith:Novartis: Consultancy; Agios: Consultancy; Pfizer: Consultancy; Jazz: Consultancy; Celgene: Consultancy. Vincent:Merck: Research Funding; Pharmacyclics: Research Funding. Serody:Merck: Research Funding; GlaxoSmithKline: Research Funding. Luznik:AbbVie: Consultancy; WindMiL Therapeutics: Patents & Royalties: Patent holder; Merck: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Genentech: Research Funding. Zeidner:Tolero: Honoraria, Research Funding; Pfizer: Honoraria; AsystBio Laboratories: Consultancy; Daiichi Sankyo: Honoraria; Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Agios: Honoraria; Merck: Research Funding; Takeda: Research Funding; AbbVie: Honoraria.

 Pembroluzimab - a PD1 checkpoint inhibitor which is not approved in AML (off-label drug use)


Shortly after the September 11, 2001, attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon, Congress passed a resolution granting the President sweeping authority to take all action necessary to fight the war on terrorism. The President then issued an order authorizing the use of military tribunals to try alleged terrorists. Some civil libertarians and scholars have expressed concerns that the use of military tribunals provided in the President's order infringes on Sixth Amendment rights to a fair trial. Far less commentary has centered on First Amendment implications of this executive branch initiative. This article considers some possible First Amendment implications of the initiative. Specifically, traditional notions of the right of the public to see and the right of the media to cover trials are placed in the context of wartime.


Microorganisms have many properties include the ability to degrade waste products. In this study Haemolysis was used as an initial selection criterion for the primary isolation of surfactant-producing bacteria. Only β and γ Haemolytic activity were detected in this study which as the presence of a definite clear zone around a colony. From this study, Out of 139 (49 %) hemolytic colonies were observed in this study had shown strong haemolytic activity. The Gram stain results had showed: cocci and bacilli shapes. The colony morphology identification had shown rough, smooth and mucoid appearance. 120 of 139 (86%) isolates possessed biocleaner activity with emulsification against crude oil. Susceptibility towards antibiotics of 138 soil bacterial isolates were tested with impregnated discs (Oxoid) by the Kirby-Bauer method. Inhibition zones were assessed on Mueller-Hinton agar and evaluated after 18 and 24 hours of incubation at 37°C. The disc antibiotic result had shown 29 different types of antibiogram patterns. The lysis solution test could be used as a tool for differentiation between gram positive and gram negative bacteria. All isolates are plasmidless and mice virulence test (LD50) had shown no virulence occurred in all colonies tested.


Summary We have developed a new method for pre-stack depth migration in laterally varying media possibly including anisotropy in a coupled ray-parameter domain. The conventional Kirchhoff migration is carried out in configuration space in which ray-theoretical Green's functions are used to derive the so-called migration weights in a true amplitude migration. Our formula tion makes use of Chapman-Maslov Green's function which results in a migration operator in the phase-space. The most general development includes both source and receiver Green's functions in the mixed phase-space of ray-parameter and depth. For application to seismic data migration, this dictates the use of data transformed to source and receiver ray-parameter and delay time domain using double slant stacks. Although Maslov asymptotic theory overcomes some of the shortcomings of asymptotic ray theory, the principal advantage of our formulation for migration results from significant reduction of data volume and increase in computation speed. Wavefields that are propagated through the model are parameterized by surface source/receiver rayparameters. We make use of Eikonal equation based travel time algorithm to evaluate the integrand of the migration operator. The resulting algorithm is computationally very efficient and thus can be used for velocity model building.


Taking sealed electromagnetic relays as the research object,with the failure mechanism analyzed and the maximum likelihood theory applied,in order to minimize sealed electromagnetic relays' incremental variance of median life estimate on the typical operating condition,the optimal scheme model of accelerated life test for sealed electromagnetic relays which complied Weibull distribution was set up.And its variance of mean and standard deviation were taken as the optimization criterion.Lastly,the simulation results of sealed electromagnetic relays' bivariate step-stress accelerated life test were discussed to illustrate the proposed criteria.The simulation results showed that the proposed optimum plan was robust.The optimum test scheme could realize fast evaluation of sealed electromagnetic relays' reliability under the effect of temperature and humidity.


The construction of new socialist rural is a complex and arduous systematic project.It is necessary to adhere to system innovations,decipher 'dualistic economic structure',adhere to systematic thinking,achieve operation,insist on concrete analysis of concrete conditions,and achieve innovation construction so as to assure the construction of new socialist rural in a healthy and orderly way.


The plasminogen proactivator present in human plasma and retained by purified human fibrinogen preparations is readily accepted and retained by bovine fibrinogen. This "transplantation" makes isolated bovine fibrinogen susceptible to streptokinase. The latter induces degradation of isolated bovine fibrinogen resulting in characteristic fragment formation. Our experimental results, particularly those showing the inability of bovine plasminogen (applied in a great excess) to remove the acquired proactivator from bovine fibrinogen, give indirect evidence that the proactivator function is not a specific property of the human plasminogen but that of some other substance.


CD MARUSSICH UPS Left fielder Tracy Kirk will play a key role In the Danes' bid to capture the Albany Invitational. forced that situation to be abandoned. According to head coach Lee Rhenish, a number of other possibilities do still exist: • One alternative would be to postpone the games until tomorrow, with the hope that the weather holds out and the field slays in good enough condition to withstand an entire day's play. This could become a problem for the players as well, as each team is scheduled lo play three games. By having three games in one day there could be a problem with fatigue on Ihc pan of Ihc players, as they are more accustomed lo playing a maximum of two games in one day. Coach Rhenish discounted the possibility of making the tournament run from Saturday lo Sunday, as the weather forecast for Sunday "looks very bad." »• The second alternative involves cancelling the tournament and just playing cither one game or a doublehcadcr against Dinghamton tomorrow afternoon. Wilh Slony Urook and SUNY Buffalo being the other two learns il may be loo much of a risk for their squads lo make the long Irip from their respective schools without knowing for sure thai the games will nol be called off, "Wilh Ihc long trip from Stony Urook and Buffalo Iherc are a lol of complications. There's the hotel reservations, Ihc transportation, and Ihc money for food. We don'l want them to come all the way up here unless we're sure the field is all right," Rhenish said. f The final alternative would be lo cancel the whole weekend altogether, which Rhenish is Irying lo avoid til all costs. "We're Irying lo keep all llie possibilities open," she said. "Unfortunately, we may nol have a choice. This would be one of the most important events for our team this season, and il may all just go to waste." With Ihc softball field in unplayable condition for u good part of the past week, Rhenish lias been forced to bring her practices indoors onto the hard wood floors of University Gym. This area is more suited for John Dicckclman to be practicing his jump shot than it is for Rhenish to have her squad practice pitching and lulling. Obviously, some adjustments had lo be made. "We've been downstairs in Ihc hilling cage every day we've been inside," Rhenish said. "I 'm Irying to gel Ihc girls to keep their eye on the ball and practice making good contact. The main thing is just to stay loose and try lo relax." One of Ihc biggest disappointments suffered as a result of the snow was the postponement of four games.Thc leam was beginning to weather up a storm of Its own, as they had won their last four in a row and seemed to be peaking with the state playoffs only three weeks away. After dropping their opening two games the defending stale champions got back on track by winning in dramatic fashion againsl LcMoync in the second game of a doublcheader on April 9. Albany scored three runs in their last at-bal to win 7-6, as freshman Diane Fernandes provided Ihc heroics wilh a two-out game-winning triple. The comeback win seemed lo ignite the team, as Ihey proceeded to sweep a doublcheader from the Oncontn Red Dragons three days Inter. Freshman Wendy Williams was the slur of the first game, pitching a two-hil complete game as the Danes won 3-1. Albany completed Ihc sweep by taking the nightcap 6-1, as center fielder Carol Wallace had a single and a triple and Ihree runs baited in. Freshman Andrea Plcconc pitched five innings lo register her first win In an Albany uniform, giving up one run on live hits before gelling relief help from Williams in the final two innings. The Danes continued their hot play wilh a 9-1 thrashing of Union Inst Thursday. Williams pitched another two-hit complete game and left fielder Tracy Kirk had Ihree Rills, while Wallace helled a homcrun and a Iriple and raised her balling average lo a team-leading .476. It was al thai point that Mother Nature look over. Weather permitting, Albany will have a very busy schedule next week. Tuesday afternoon Ihey play a doublcheader al New Pali/., und Thursday Ihey will (ravel lo Russell Sage for another doublcheader. Rhenish's main worry al this point is her team's ability lo withstand llie inconvenience of playing indoors and nol competing in a game for eight days. "My main concern right now is the motivation of my players. I don'l want them lo lose their competitive edge," she said. If Albany can forget about Hie recent misfortunes and gel back lo playing the way they did before Ihc siorms hit, Rhenish will have nothing to worry about. f I


A simple method for tracking in clutter is the so-called strongest neighbor filter (SNF), which uses the "strongest neighbor" (SN) measurement (i.e., the one with the strongest amplitude in the neighborhood of the predicted target measurement) at each time as if it were the true one. This paper presents analytic results, along with insightful discussions, for the SN measurement and the SNF, including the covariance matrices of the SN measurement, and various matrix mean square errors of state prediction and state update. These results provide theoretical foundation for performance prediction and development of improved tracking filters.


A commercial CFD code Fluent 6.3 ® is used to simulate non-linear free surface flow and compute the impact load during variable velocity water entry of 2D wedge and ship section. The code uses the finite volume method to solve the conservation of mass and momentum equations to obtain simulated flow field. The interface between water and air was modeled using volume of fluid (VOF) method. Wedge section with 30 degree dead-rise angle and a ship section are numerically simulated. Time history of impact force and pressures at distinct locations are predicted; and compared with existing experimental results and other numerical methods. Present numerical results compare well with experimental measurements. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jname.v10i1.14383


The resolution of a chiral pyridine thiol has been eonveniently carried out through derivatives with optically active α-phenethylisoeyanates. Optically active heterocyclic thiols in which the thiol occupies the center of chirality are not known in the literature. In conjunction with a synthetic program dealing with derivatives and analogues of 5-mercaptopyridoxine (1), the preparation of such species was accomplished. Their resolution proved to be difficult, but the techniques devised herein should prove of general utility for other heteroeyclic thiols or alcohols.