Abstract MiRNAs are widespread regulators of gene expression, and altered miRNA expression in the placenta may be involved in abnormal placentation and related pregnancy-associated diseases. It is essential to understand miRNA expression changes across gestation before miRNAs can be used as biomarkers or prognostic indicators. Using next-generation sequencing, we characterize the normative human placenta miRNA transcriptome in both the first and third trimester using leftover chorionic villus sampling tissue from prenatal tests (N=113) as well as placentae collected at delivery (N=47). We identified 2503 miRNAs, including 1647 with stable expression across gestation (p>=0.05). There were 775 significantly differentially expressed miRNAs (FDR<0.05), with 402 upregulated in first trimester and 373 upregulated in third trimester. We also examine expression of the placenta-specific miRNA clusters on chromosomes 14 and 19 which are important in pregnancy. We identified predicted targets with high confidence scores or experimental verification, then used these to identify enriched canonical biological pathways. Our study identified canonical pathways consistently targeted across gestation, including pathways regulating senescence, proliferation and growth factor signaling. We also identified differentially impacted pathways, including growth- and immune-mediated pathways. This work provides a rich atlas to direct functional studies investigating the epigenetic differences in first and third trimester placentae. We gratefully acknowledge support from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD091773) and the Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Award (T32DK007770) of the National Institutes of Health.


When calculating the curvature of a plane curve,with the help of the equation: tanα=dy/dx,the formula of a plane curve's curvature can be calculated easily,but if expand it to a space curve,such a equation is not existed,thus using a general method to solve the problem above-mentioned,some other types of curvatures are also discussed in this paper.


Abstract : This report is one of a series of reports that addressed the reporting of cost-to-complete information for projects funded by IRRF. The report discusses the need for improvements to the processes and procedures used to estimate and report the costs to complete projects funded with Iraq Relief and Reconstruction Funds. Section 2207 of Public Law 108-106 requires a quarterly report to Congress that includes estimates of the cost required to complete each project.


I present a novel argument for the position that a morally unsurpassable God must create the best world that He has the power to create. I show that grace-based considerations of the sort proposed by Robert Adams neither refute my argument nor establish that a morally unsurpassable God need not create the best. I conclude with a discussion of the implications of my argument for the 'no-best-world' response to the problem of evil.


Individually made FRC posts can be a good solution for the
postendodontic treatment, especially in teeth with oval root
structure.


Objective To study the expressions of Inhibitor of differentiation/DNA binding-1(Id-1 ) in different HBV-related liver disease(type B viral hepatitis,hepatocellular carcinoma with surrounding HBV-related chronic helatitis,and HBV-related liver cirrhosis),and its potential clinical implication. Methods 65 cases of HCC specimens and 40 cases of adjacent non-tumor liver tissue were obtained from 65 patients with different cell differentiation undergoing hepatectomy for HCC,40 cases of type B viral hepatitis specimens and 30 cases of HBV-related Liver cirrhosis specimens were abtained by percutaneous liver biopsy,and 15 cases of normal liver tissue specimens were used for comparison. Immunohistochemical technique was applied to detect the expressions of Id-1. Result The positivity and intensity of Id-1 in chronic viral liver tissues increased from chronic hepatitis,cirrhosis to HCC,and were significantly higher than those in normal liver tissues. Id-1 expression level was positively correlated with the histological grade,also correlated inversely with tumor size and presence of metastasis; and with Nemenyi analysis,expressions of Id-1 in HCC were higher than in type B viral hepatitis and in HBV-related Liver cirrhosis. Conclusion The results of the current study suggested that increased expression of Id-1 may play an important role in the early step of hepatocarcinogenesis,and might serve as a useful marker for determining patients with HCC.


Agent-Oriented Software Engineering (AOSE) is an emerging software engineering paradigm that advocates the application of best practices in the development of Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) through the use of agents and organizations of agents. This paper outlines the MADE system, which provides an interactive platform for people who are not well-versed in AOSE to contribute to the rapid prototyping of MASs with ease.


The oxidative polymerisation oi lhe complex2,3-dimelhyl-N,N-bis (salicylidene)butane-2,3-diaminatonick el(n), (Ni(saltMe)), was monitored by lhe electrochemical quartz microba lance (EQCM) and crystal impedance techniques. Polymerisation efficiency was maintained throughout deposition oi a film, wbich behaved rigidly, on lhe electrode. A combined EQCM - PBD (probe beam deflection) study oi lhe redox process of lhe film exposed to a monomer-free solution af O.1M tetra elhy1ammonium perchlorate (TEAP) in acetonitrile showed an electroneutrality mechanism dominated by anion move- menl accompanied by co-transfer of solvent above 0.8 V. The individual con tributions oi ali lhe mobile species involved in lhe redox switcbing oi lhe poly(Ni(saltMe)) film were determined quantitatively by temporal convolution ana1ysis; the estimated solution-phase diffusion coefficient oi the exchanged species was 1.24 x 10-5 cm2s-1.


The purpose of this study was to determine the learning lay up shoot using basic audiovisual media shoot lay ups can improve learning outcomes shoot lay ups in class VIIIA Starch Canisius junior year 2013/2014 . This study uses Classroom Action Research ( CAR). The technique of collecting data through observation and assessment of learning outcomes shoot basketball lay up. Data analysis techniques used in this research is descriptive . At the end of the first cycle activity of teachers in teaching basic techniques lay up shoot using audio-visual media reaches 76.19%, whereas at the end of the first cycle of student activity during the learning process lay up shoot using audio-visualmediareaches78.57%. At the end of the second cycle of activity of teachers in teaching basic techniques lay up shoot using audio-visual media reaches 85.71%, whereas at the end of the second cycle of activity of students during the learning process lay up shoot using audio-visual media reaches 92.86%. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that learning the lay-up shoot using basic audiovisual media shoot lay ups can improve student learning outcomes at Canisius junior class VIIIA Pati year 2013/2014


To the Editor: A 61-year-old man presented with acute onset confusion and one month of persistent fevers. Review of systems revealed abdominal distension and anasarca, weight loss, diarrhea, and poor oral intake. Laboratory workup showed acute kidney injury (creatinine 1.48 mg/dL) and pancytopenia (WBC 2.6 3 10/L, hemoglobin 11.5 g/dL, platelets 109 3 10/L). He also had transaminitis (AST 105 IU/L, ALT 56 IU/ L, alkaline phosphatase 131 IU/L), normal bilirubin level, profound hypoalbuminemia (albumin 1.4 g/dL), and elevated lactate of 4.9 mEq/L. HIV and viral hepatitis serologies were negative. Extensive workup including paracentesis and stool cultures was unrevealing. Computed tomography (CT) scans showed no lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, or discrete masses. On day 4 of admission the patient experienced diarrhea with blood clots, developed ventricular tachycardia, and died. Histopathology revealed large malignant cells diffusely involving extranodal sites: heart, epicardium, peripancreatic tissue, liver, subserosa of the digestive tract, and pituitary gland (Fig. 1). Immunohistochemical staining was negative for CD20 but positive for CD45 and CD79a providing evidence of B-cell lineage. T-cell markers CD3, CD4, and CD8 were negative. The malignant cells did not express CD5, CD10, CD138, CD30, CD15, IRF4/MUM1, EBV LMP1, HHV8 LANA, cyclin D1, MYC, or anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK). Ki-67 expression was 50%. These findings were consistent with stage IV CD202 diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). As the spectrum of CD202 DLBCL continues to evolve, specific entities have been described. Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is associated with HIV and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) co-infection with median survival of 12 months [1]. Based on a recent study, PBL is the most common CD202 DLBCL subtype, accounting for 75% of the cases [2]. PBL cells usually express plasma cell markers CD138 or IRF4/MUM1 with Ki67 >90%. Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is associated with co-infection by HIV, EBV, and HHV8, and presents as pleural, peritoneal and/or pericardial effusion without mass or lymphadenopathy. Survival is poor at 9 months [3]. HHV8-positive DLBCL arising from multicentric Castleman disease (MCD) presents in the setting of HIV infection and is associated with poor survival [4]. ALK1 DLBCL presents with nodal and extranodal involvement, malignant cells express ALK and patients have median survival of 20 months [5]. ALK1 DLBCL is not associated with viral infections [6]. Our patient did not meet criteria for PBL, PEL, HHV81 DLBCL arising from MCD or ALK1 DLBCL. Our patient also presented with type B1 lactic acidosis since there was no evidence of hypoperfusion in the setting of malignancy. Type B lactic acidosis is rare in hematologic malignancies and often goes unrecognized, and is a marker of poor prognosis [7,8]. A report showed that with appropriate chemotherapy, a portion of patients could obtain a survival benefit [9]. We present a patient with CD202 DLBCL with diffuse extranodal disease but no discrete masses who presented with type B1 lactic acidosis. Such association is rare and we have not found similar reports in the literature. Our patient did not meet criteria for welldescribed CD202 DLBCL subtypes, and suggests that the spectrum of CD202 DLBCL continues evolving. Given the poor prognosis of these lymphomas and lack of benefit from anti-CD20 therapy, the development of new therapies is warranted.


Abstract The paper investigates nonlinear dynamic behavior of functionally grade graphene nanoplatelets reinforced (FG-GPLRC) shell with radius as a high-order function using the classical thin shell theory (CTST) and the Von Karman-Donnell geometrical nonlinearity assumption. Different from cylindrical or conical shells, variations of radius are formulated as quadratic or/and cubic functions, generating three types of funnel shells. To verify the computation, the fundamental frequencies are compared with the previous literatures and Finite Element Analysis. The effects of various parameters including geometries, materials, temperature are considered. Obtained results of the shell promisingly make a significant contribution to various fields of engineering.


This paper rapidly reads through the plot of Trapeze in order to dwell on the sequence that concentrates the most
dramatic intensity of the film. It is the sequence in which the bond that merges loving passion with vulnerability
and pain is displayed in an archetypical mode. All this is set out behind the scenes, behind the curtain of a festive
space: the scenario of a circus.


: Research has shown that in many contexts, the transformation of the public sector associated with new public management (NPM) reforms and performance-based accountability (PBA) has had profound implications for public sector workers' practices, identities and emotional experiences. Focusing on the education sector, in this paper we aim to contribute to the understanding of the relationship between PBA policies and teachers' emotions by conducting a scoping review of the scientific literature. Our review, which is based on a final sample of 63 articles published between


This article studies the French booksellers Juan and Jose Orcel and their bookshop in Madrid during the second half of the 18th-Century. Throughout the analysis of their book advertisements in newspapers, their activity as book importers for the Royal Academy of San Fernando and their correspondence with the Count of Aguila, this study shows how this European bookshop played a key role not only in the Spanish book trade but also in the transmission and circulation of new Enlightened ideas and reforms during the 18th century.


Abstract : We have identified a military market for a low-energy laser radar. This market is very sensitive to cost, power and cooling requirements and ruggedness. We have developed a design proposal for a compact, rugged, and integrated laser radar transceiver which we think meets these requirements. This design is based on diode-pumped Thulium:YAG lasers. We have experimentally investigated the causes of dimensional creep in our laser structures, have found solutions, and have tested and implemented them in manufacturing. We have done about half the work necessary to finish a good computer model of the alignment sensitivity of the laser design we have proposed.


The mediator can play an active role in creating the ethical framework in the conflict mediation. A pyramidal hierarchy of ethics principles in mediation is proposed: mediator's ethics/legality and morality of the negotiation subject/ethics in the communication between negotiators/ethics of the procedures, techniques and tactics of negotiation. Exercising a triple role (personal example of ethics, generator of negotiation ethics rules, guarantor of minimal ethical framework), the mediators can become the creators of the mediation ethical framework. This ethical framework created by the mediator can be controlled through techniques systematized in a methodology for neutralizing unethical impulses of the negotiators involved in mediation. The proposed method selects a range of possible interventions depending on the orientation of negotiators identified by the mediator - to objective or to relationship. The mediator can use these techniques without exceeding its role of neutral and impartial person. The pro-active attitude of the mediator in the mediation ethical framework construction is identified as the key to reach equitable agreements and the future commitment of the parties.


In the case of a young woman, it was evident that she had difficulties in approaching her pregenital experiences during analysis and that she had defended herself against pregenital anxiety. While these defences were aimed at denying and repressing early oral and bodily fantasies end experiences, they had also influenced and inhibited her subsequent bodily and genital development. Psychosomatic symptoms had both absorbed and represented archaic feelings and fantasies which had not found a more precise mental expression. Consequently, her female inner space had been repressed and excluded by skinerotic defences.


Let C_n be the n-th Fibonacci number (C_n=F_n) or the n-th Lucas number (C_n=L_n). For 1?k?m,let ... be the corresponding C-nomial coefficient. In this paper, we prove that the only solutions of the Diophantine equation ... in positive integers m, k, a, b with a>1, are (m, k, a, b)=(1,1,a,b), (5,1,1,b), (12,1,2,b), and (5,3,1,1), for C_n=F_n and (m, k, a, b)=(1,1,a,b) in the case C_n=L_n.


This research project was motivated by the need to develop stochastic process models to understand the dynamics of the accumulation of damage to a road surface. The factors which cause this degradation are the forces exerted by the vehicles, weather conditions and the materials used to construct the road. The extent of degradation at a given point in time also varies spatially. Eventually, given a road surface, it would be desired to be able to predict the distribution of its time to failure. Further it is also hoped that resulting statistical modeling will provide a better understanding of the uncertainties involved at various stages and thus will eventually also help in building better roads.


This paper is part of research project aimed to simulate the dynamic input and output of experimental nondestructive tests in order to detect structural imperfections in structures composed by steel thin plates. The considered imperfections are divided into two classes. Cracks, related with the structural safety, that are typically penetrating a significant part of the plate thickness and micro cracks or superficial imperfections more connected to the structural protection to the environment, i.e. with the deterioration of protective paintings. Bending Kirchhoff thin plate models have been applied to detect cracks of the first class. The models used to identify micro cracks are membrane structures models under the superficial Rayleigh waves excitation.Geometry and crack position can be detected quite accurately if comparison between first derivatives (mode rotations) of the natural modes of Kirchhoff thin sane and cracked plates is made. Rayleigh waves excitation models seem to be a very promising technique for imperfections detection. However, mathematical as well as numerical difficulties arise in treatment of the generation of these Rayleigh waves. They are related to the dispersion problems appearing during the time history analysis by finite differences and to the computation of the large number of finite elements on the spatial coordinates.


The approaches adopted by the American and Australian legislators in the task of defining and regulating takeovers are discussed. It is found that the Australian and American models are moving closer together where the American scheme is coming to rely upon a more precisely delineated form, while the national code, although still retaining its attention to close detail, is recognising the need for greater flexibility by the use of discretion.


The concept of e-commerce makes consumers change the way they shop through the internet, which is known as online shopping. This online shopping behavior requires consumers to have trust or trust in the seller. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of trust on perceived risk, attitudes towards online shopping, and online shopping intentions on MS Glow products in Mojokerto. There are 100 respondents with the criteria that they have never made an online purchase. Testing using SEM-PLS. There are six hypotheses of the relationship in this study. Of the six relationships that were hypothesized and tested in this study, four of them showed a significant relationship that was accepted, and the other two showed an insignificant relationship that was rejected. The online shopping intention variable is strongly influenced by attitudes towards online shopping. Attitudes towards online shopping are directly influenced by consumer trust. Attitudes towards online shopping are influenced indirectly by trust. Intention to shop online is not directly affected by perceived risk. Attitudes towards online shopping are directly influenced by consumer trust. Attitudes towards online shopping are influenced indirectly by trust. Intention to shop online is not directly affected by perceived risk. Attitudes towards online shopping are directly influenced by consumer trust. Attitudes towards online shopping are influenced indirectly by trust. Intention to shop online is not directly affected by perceived risk.


The present invention relates to a stable bicarbonate ion-containing drug solution, particularly the stability enhanced by the phosphate ions present bicarbonate-containing drug solution for dialysis. The present invention also relates to acute blood purification chemical art consisting of a liquid medicament, particularly when using the mixed type of acute blood purification of dialysate and replacement. The present invention also relates to a water-insoluble fine particles or hypokalemia and hypophosphatemia mixed acute blood purification of dialysis liquid and replenishment liquid upon use does not cause a hypercholesterolemia that generates the suppression of precipitation for a long time after mixing.


PURPOSE: A hydrogel composition for enhancing skin moisturization and elasticity by water release property is provided to maintain effects by adding nanoparticle ceramide ingredients. CONSTITUTION: A hydrogel composition for enhancing skin moisturization and elasticity by water release property contains 0.5-3.0 wt% of a gelling polymer, 0.5-10.0 wt% of collagen, 5.0-20.0 wt% of a moisturizing agent, 0.04-1.0 wt% of a monovalent cationic material, 0.01-0.1 wt% of citric acid as an acid adjusting agent, 0.02-0.1 wt% of metal ion scavenger, 0.1-1.0 wt% of a solubilizing agent(surfactant), 0.02-0.5 wt% of complex perfume, 0.2-0.6 wt% of a preservative, and remaining amount of purified water. The hydrogel composition additionally contains 0.1-5 wt% of a nanomaterial containing one or more among ceramide, hydrolecithin, caprylic/capric triglyceride, TEA-cocoyl glutamate, and cholesterol.


ReachOut Australia welcomes the opportunity to comment on the draft National Alcohol Strategy 2018-2026, which outlines Australia's agreed approaching to preventing and minimising alcohol-related harms. ReachOut's specific interest in the draft National Alcohol Strategy is under Priority 3: Supporting individuals to obtain help and systems to respond; and Priority 4: Promoting healthier communities.


Crowd-funding is an emerging industry in China. However, Chinese crowd-funding market has some different characteristics to its US-based or Europe-based predecessors. Some of Chinese founders regard reward-based crowd-funding as a funding approach, while others highlight its marketing functions. Thus, which play more important role at present? This paper investigates the reason for the special performance of reward-based crowd-funding in China from multiple perspectives. The results indicate that the special institutional environments of China---lack of perfect social credit systems and legal systems, not granting legal definition and status for crowd-funding, leads to an inevitable result that Chinese founders make heavy use of the marketing functions of crowd-funding but make light use of the funding function at the present stage. With the perfecting of the institutional and legal environment, many small-and-medium-enterprises and individual entrepreneurs are expected to pay more attention on the funding function of crowd-funding than today.


The development of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) imaging has brought together the experimental techniques of NMR spectroscopy and image processing with the consequence that new experimental requirements and apparatus are currently being developed. Examples of these requirements include the large amounts of data which can be generated and the effect on data processing and storage requirements. Also, the increased size of objects under investigation necessitate some major changes in the magnet and r.f. system. A discussion of these specific requirements is presented together with an overview of all components of the NMR imaging system.


The present study deals with the theme "Possession and possession of firearms", whose general objective is to analyze the crimes of possession and possession of firearms of permitted use, in compliance with Law 10.826/03 (BRAZIL, 2003), with a view to guaranteeing the right of those who possess a weapon duly registered in a competent body, comparing jurisprudential and doctrinal questions about the differences between the conducts. As for the approach will be adopted the qualitative research, since they will be debated and worked in the course of the work, concepts, ideas and criminal conduct. As for the level of the research, the exploratory research was used to improve the ideas, as well as to provide a broad knowledge with and about the research. As for the procedure, bibliographical research will be used based on material already elaborated, consisting mainly of books and documentary, as will be analyzed at random judgments given between the years 2004 to 2017 of the Courts of Justice. The research showed that, in relation to the crimes of possession and possession of firearms, provided for in articles 12 and 14 of Law 10,826/03 (BRAZIL, 2003), there is a great divergence between doctrine and jurisprudence, Since in many cases the text of the Law becomes clear as to the object analyzed and the jurisprudence understands differently, resulting in legal uncertainty, even for the citizen of good who has his firearm registered and legally.


Both optical packet switching and optical burst switching provide viable alternatives to the current electronic switching in the backbone. To resolve contention, contiguous packets/bursts are sent over different channels, and/or provided with different Fiber Delay Line (FDL) buffer delays. Typically, the resulting channel and delay selection (CDS) algorithm bases its decision on the horizon value of the different channels. Up to now, a horizon algorithm known as MING (MINimal Gap) was assumed to provide minimal loss. Relying on Markov chain-based performance modeling and a Markov decision process (MDP), we reexamine the optimality of MING. This enables us to construct CDS algorithms that outperform MING, and this for any buffer size, traffic load and packet/burst size distribution. Further, we consider burst-size-dependent and load-dependent scheduling, two stochastic mechanisms that, together with preventive dropping, enhance the algorithm's performance. The paper presents the developed method in detail, together with detailed results of the performance gain realized.


In the present work we approximate an ultrarelativistic jet by a homogeneous beam of null matter with finite width. Then, we study the influence of this beam over the spacetime metric in the framework of higher-derivative gravity. We find an exact shock wave solution of the quadratic gravity field equations and compare it with the solution to Einstein's gravity. We show that the effect of higher-curvature gravity becomes negligible at large distances from the beam axis. We also observe that only the Ricci-squared term contribute to modify the Einstein's gravity prediction. Furthermore, we note that this higher-curvature term contribute to regularize the discontinuities associated to the solution to Einstein's general relativity. PACS numbers: 04.50.+h, 04.20.Jb A Gravitational shock wave in quadratic gravity 2


In this paper, we review and compare several velocity-level and acceleration-level Pseudo-Inverse-based Path Planning (PPP) and Pseudo-Inverse-based Repetitive Motion Planning (PRMP) schemes based on the kinematic model of robotic manipulators. We show that without unit consistency in the pseudo-inverse computation, path planning of incommensurate robotic manipulators will fail. Also, we investigated the robustness and noise tolerance of six PPP and PRMP schemes in the literature against various noise types (i.e. zero, constant, time-varying and random noises). We compared the simulated results using two redundant robotic manipulators: a 3DoF (2RP), and a 7DoF (2RP4R). These experimental results demonstrate that the improper Generalized Inverse (GI) with arbitrary selection of unit and/or in the presence of noise can lead to unexpected behavior of the robot, while producing wrong instantaneous outputs in the task space, which results in distortions and/or failures in the execution of the planned path. Finally, we propose and demonstrate the efficacy of the Mixed Inverse (MX) as the proper GI to achieve unit-consistency in path planning.


Sinorhizobium meliloti is not able to synthesize endogenous biotin. Biotin-limitation leads to a clear reduction of metabolic activities, whereas biotin-sufficiency has a positive effect on growth and on protein synthesis. The aim of this work was to identify possible regulatory processes, that are involved in biotin sensing which comprises biotin-limitation and biotin- sufficiency. Three different strategies were employed: 1. 2D-gelanalysis and MALDI-TOF-MS 2. Expressional studies by usage of reporter genes 3. Mutagenesis and characterization of genes of the Survival-Locus. By comparative proteome analysis of S. meliloti about 70 proteins with a pI from 4-7 were revealed that showed an increased expression after biotin supplementation of the growth media. 18 proteins were analysed by MALDI-TOF-MS. 12 of these proteins were clearly identified as proteins that are involved in general cellular processes like transcription, translation, the transport of different substances or possibly the resistance against copper (copC-protein). Reporter fusions were constructed to measure the expressional level of different genes dependent on biotin availability. These genes were chosen specifically from the S. meliloti genome database. The expression of the bioM-gene, that plays a role in maintaining the intracellular biotin-pool was slightly induced in the presence of biotin. The copC-gene, which was already identified by 2D-gelanalysis as biotin induced showed a fivefold induction after biotin supplementation of the media. When S. meliloti was grown under persistent biotin limiting conditions analogous to the experimental procedure that were applied prior to 2D-gelanalysis, biotin supplementation led to a 18 fold induction of the gene. Under biotin limiting conditions the expression of the sinI-gene was 4,3 fold and of the sinR-gene 1,7 fold induced. Promotor activity of these genes were additionally increased by reduction of carbon sources of the growth media. These genes code for an autoinducer-synthase (sinI) and a acyl-homoserine lactone dependent transcriptional regulator (sinR) of the LuxI and LuxR type. The expressional studies were confirmed by further experiments. The supernatant of biotin limited cultures contained a larger amount of acyl-homoserine lactones than that of biotin supplemented cultures with the same optical densities. This was shown after extraction and thin layer chromatographie of these molecules by overlaying the TLC-plates with defined reporter bacteria. The autoinducer molecule showed a low mobility. We conclude thet autoinduciton in S. meliloti is not only dependent on population density but also on the biotin content of the media. Analysis of the surE- and pcm-Genes of the S. meliloti survival-region showed that mutation of the surE gene does not lead to a reduced survival under all conditions tested. The recombinant surE-protein had a phosphatase activity. This activity was dependent on magnesia and had a pH-optimum at pH 6,5. The pcm-Gene codes for a L-isoaspartyl-protein-carboxy-methyltransferase and its mutation results in a decreased survival of S. melilot under biotin-limiting conditions during stationary phase. No phenotype was visible after application of heat, methanol or oxidational stress. The expression of the pcm-Gene was up to 13,6 fold higher under biotin-limiting conditions than during growth in biotin supplemented media.


Vehicle-mounted 2-axis turrets are widely used in high bandwidth tracking systems, frequently encountered in air-to-ground, ground-to-air and air-to-air targeting. Existing controllers for these systems are generally implemented in classical proportional-integral-derivative (PID) form. The objective of this paper is to examine the novel application of constrained model predictive control (MPC) to a Selex turret simulation. The characteristics of the control problem are well matched to MPC, as hard saturation constraints are present in the electrical subsystem and a reference trajectory can be generated for several seconds in advance due to the predictability of a missile trajectory. The state-space model and Kalman filter are described, and simulation results are presented to demonstrate the validity and superior performance of the MPC method. 


A novel algorithm using waveform singularity factor (WSF) for distinguishing between inrush currents and internal fault currents in transformers is proposed, which is derived from the singularity features of the waveforms of currents. First, the definition and the calculation method of WSF are presented and then the criterion to identify the internal faults and inrush currents are developed. In a total of 162 experimental cases, the WSF represents different characteristics between the inrush current and an internal fault. The experimental results verify that the WSF calculated in real time is able to clear internal fault even low level internal turn-to-turn fault rapidly, correctly, and reliably.


The oil obtained from hydrodistillation of the aerial parts of Artemisia tschernieviana was analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The main constituents of the 30 identified components were p-cymene (21.3%), β-pinene (17.8%), α-pinene (9.4%), γ-terpinene (9.1%), (Z)-cis-ocimene (8.8%), and α-cadinol (8.1%). This species is rich in monoterpenes. Antimicrobial activity was determined against six bacterial strains and one fungal strain. The results show that this oil is active against all the tested strains.


The triaxial tests had been done on pouring asphalt concrete that aggregate was made up of natural sandy gravel under different asphalt content and different temperature conditions.The results show that the stress-strain curves of pouring asphalt concrete showing the stress hardening form,and with the increasing of asphalt content and temperature,the phenomenon of stress hardening is more obvious,the hyperbolic segment range increased;the theoretical curves of Duncan-Chang model and modified Duncan-Chang model are consistent with the test curve,the key model parameters show a decreasing trend with the increase in the amount of asphalt or temperature rise.Through the comparison of the destruction deviator stress between two constitutive models finds out that under higher confining pressure,with the increase of confining pressure,the destruction deviator stress of the modified Duncan-Chang model increase almost flat,growth rate reduce,the destruction deviator stress of the Duncan-Chang model increase almost linearly,its value is significantly greater than the destruction deviator stress of the modified Duncan-Chang model.AS a result,the modified Duncan-Chang model tally with the intensity character of pouring asphalt concrete.


The paper deals with management of access control in an information system. It is suggested that the security of an information system should be a task solved on two principal levels: system development level and security administration level. Consequently, the responsibility for creating effective security measures for an information system ought to lie with both the application developer and the global administration. Moreover, sets of security constraints should be formulated also on those two levels. The paper defines requirements and obligations of each level using adapted tools based on the role-based access control (RBAC) model and employing the object-oriented conception method with UML (Unified Modeling Language). It is shown how the process of addition of a new application to an information system may be automated and how the administrator can be assisted in detecting incoherences or/and determining new relations between the elements existing in a system, such as roles or permissions.


Four complexes of composition [Cd(4-Apha)2]n (1), [Zn2(4-Apha)4(H2O)2]·2H2O (2), [Zn(4-Apha)(CH3COO)]n (3), and [Zn4(4-Apha)4(CH3COO)4(H2O)]n·2nCH3OH (4) (4-AphaH = 4-aminophenylhydroxamic acid) have been synthesized in different solvents and characterized by X-ray diffraction, IR spectroscopy, thermal analysis and elemental analysis. X-ray crystal analysis reveals that these complexes exhibit four varieties of structures. Complex 1 displays a 1-D chain structure, and complex 2 is binuclear. Complexes 3 and 4 possess different 3-D structures. Fluorescence emissions are observed for complexes 1, 2 and 4 in solid state.


The capacity of the arbitrarily varying channels with states sequence known to the sender is determined. The result is obtained with the help of an elimination technique and a robustification technique. It demonstrates once more the power of these techniques.


Exercise testing (XT) is a powerful investigative modality with applications in performance assessment, exercise prescription, differential diagnosis, disability evaluation and risk assessment as well as the evaluation of responses to physical training, rehabilitation or therapeutic interventions.1 Yet most would agree that XT is underutilized both in the field of performance exercise testing of athletes and also in clinical exercise testing of patients. Why is it that few sports teams or health clubs embrace XT with direct measurements of maximum oxygen uptake and the opportunity to detect the threshold for lactic acid accumulation from noninvasive gas exchange measures, preferring instead a poor estimate of VO2max from submaximal heart rate and work rate measurements and basing exercise prescription on no knowledge of the physiological domains of exercise intensity (above and below the lactate threshold). Also, why is it that patients are subjected to numerous investigations, some invasive and most of them expensive, before their clinician considers requesting a cardiopulmonary XT to elucidate the etiology of exercise limitation or exertional dyspnea? The answers to these questions are two-fold based on the evolution of XT. First, apparatus for performing XT was costly, and not always readily accessible or user friendly. Furthermore, the equipment was bulky and not easily transportable. Modem apparatus for XT is less expensive, more compact and easier to use. Mobile systems exist that can be employed in the field allowing measurements to be obtained in athletes during competition, in emergency services personnel performing their duties under extreme circumstances and in physician offices for diagnostic purposes. The data obtained from compact flow transducers and miniature rapidlyresponding gas analyzers can even be transmitted by telemetry to a nearby workstation for real-time analysis and display. Secondly, the interpretation of the physiological data has been unnecessarily complicated and often depicted by complex tables and obscure montages of graphical data.2 There are only six essential variables to be derived from an XT (time, work rate, tidal vol-


Background: Ecto-5'-nucleotidase (NT5E, also known as CD73) hydrolyzes extracellular adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP) to adenosine in nociceptive circuits. Since adenosine has antinociceptive effects in rodents and humans, we hypothesized that NT5E, an enzyme that generates adenosine, might also have antinociceptive effects in vivo. Results: To test this hypothesis, we purified a soluble version of mouse NT5E (mNT5E) using the baculovirus expression system. Recombinant mNT5E hydrolyzed AMP in biochemical assays and was inhibited by α,β-methylene-adenosine 5'-diphosphate (α,β-me-ADP; IC50 = 0.43 μM), a selective inhibitor of NT5E. mNT5E exhibited a dose-dependent thermal antinociceptive effect that lasted for two days when injected intrathecally in wild-type mice. In addition, mNT5E had thermal antihyperalgesic and mechanical antiallodynic effects that lasted for two days in the complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) model of inflammatory pain and the spared nerve injury (SNI) model of neuropathic pain. In contrast, mNT5E had no antinociceptive effects when injected intrathecally into adenosine A1 receptor (A1R, Adora1) knockout mice. Conclusion: Our data indicate that the long lasting antinociceptive effects of mNT5E are due to hydrolysis of AMP followed by activation of A1R. Moreover, our data suggest recombinant NT5E could be used to treat chronic pain and to study many other physiological processes that are regulated by NT5E. Background Ecto-5'-nucleotidase (NT5E) is a glycosyl phosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored membrane protein that catalyzes the hydrolysis of extracellular AMP to adenosine [1]. NT5E regulates diverse physiological processes that are modulated by adenosine, including hypoxia, inflammation and epithelial ion transport [2-8]. Recently, we found that NT5E is expressed in peptidergic and nonpeptidergic nociceptive (pain-sensing) neurons and their axon terminals in spinal cord and skin [9]. Based on experiments with Nt5e-/mice, we established that NT5E accounts for ~50% of all AMP hydrolytic activity in nociceptive neurons [9]. In addition, we observed that NT5E was extensively colocalized with Prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP, also known as ACPP, Fluoride-resistant acid phosphatase or thiamine monophosphatase) in nociceptive neurons. Like NT5E, PAP functions as an ectonucleotidase in nociceptive neurons by hydrolyzing AMP to adenosine [10,11]. Both Pap-/and Nt5e-/mice show enhanced thermal hyperalgesia in animal models of inflammatory pain and neuropathic pain as well as enhanced mechanical allodynia following inflammation [9,10]. Interestingly, A1R mice also show enhanced sensitization following inflammation and nerve injury [12]. Thus, deficiencies in adenosine production or A1R signaling cause similar behavioral phenotypes. In support of an A1R-dependent mechanism, we found that intrathecal (i.t.) injection of secretory PAP protein (from mouse or human) into wild-type mice had long lasting antinociceptive, antihyperalgesic and antiallodynic effects that were entirely dependent on A1R activation [10,11]. These data suggested that spinal delivery of * Correspondence: email@example.com 1 Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, UNC Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina, CB #7545, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA Full list of author information is available at the end of the article BioMed Central © 2010 Sowa et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Sowa et al. Molecular Pain 2010, 6:20 http://www.molecularpain.com/content/6/1/20 Page 2 of 8 PAP protein could be used therapeutically to generate adenosine and activate A1R over an extended time period. Likewise, direct activation of A1R with adenosine or selective A1R agonists had antinociceptive effects in rodents and humans [13-31]. Considering that both PAP and NT5E generate adenosine, we hypothesized that NT5E protein might also have A1R-dependent antinociceptive effects. However, we were unable to test this hypothesis because mammalian NT5E protein was not available. As emphasized in a recent review by Colgan and colleagues, this lack of a reliable source of purified protein has hindered studies with NT5E [2]. Others used 5'-nucleotidase protein purified from rattlesnake (Crotalus atrox) venom instead [4,32,33]. Crotalus 5'-nucleotidase had no deleterious effects when injected intraperitoneally and rescued phenotypes in Nt5e-/mice; however, possible toxicity from venom contaminants remains a concern--especially if this venom-derived protein were to be used in the nervous system. To overcome these toxicity concerns, we purified and characterized (in vitro and in vivo) a secretory version of recombinant mouse NT5E. Our present study builds upon work by Servos and colleagues who purified a recombinant but non-secretory version of rat NT5E using the baculovirus expression system [34].


salman ahmad, Md, Facs, is assistant professor of surgery, Medical director surgical intensive care unit, acute care surgery division, department of surgery, university of Missouri Healthcare, columbia, Missouri. Contact: firstname.lastname@example.com The Acute Care Surgery Division at the University of Missouri in Columbia is honored to share our 2018 update on the management of the injured patient. Despite our patients' above-average injury acuity, our Trauma Quality Improvement Program (TQIP) risk-adjusted mortality rate continues to outperform the national average due in large part to a refined trauma system consisting of students, residents, advanced practice nurses, pharmacists, dietitians, social workers, and attending surgeons. Many have earned research awards and grants for their commitment to the care of our injured patients. Our injured population mirrors trauma care in the state of Missouri and runs the spectrum from urban to rural, penetrating to blunt. A well-coordinated state EMS transport system is a crucial link in this chain of care. While many dedicated academic trauma centers are well-versed in the latest advances in the management of the injured patient, we have written our 2018 update for the rural healthcare provider and EMS first-responders who stand on the front lines of trauma care for Missouri. We will share our thoughts on the initial management of the injured patient, focusing on the basics with an emphasis on rapid transport to higher levels of care. In reviewing the management of the bleeding patient, our update will discuss an aortic occlusion catheter, tranexamic acid and the latest massive transfusion protocols. Our pediatric review covers the management of traumatic brain and blunt solid organ injuries, updates imaging guidelines and discusses trauma-induced coagulopathy. We will share our institution's successful treatment of a severely burned patient while reviewing the management of severe burns. The latest in simulation training will be described as a safe environment for healthcare providers to learn and practice management skills. Finally, we will review the approach to mass casualty incidents in the context of lessons learned from recent events and discuss current research and development of a triage communication tool we are developing in conjunction with the department of computer engineering. We hope this update encourages local and regional trauma systems to enhance their standard of practice and reiterate the importance of a collaborative state trauma system. Thank you for all you do for the injured in Missouri. This Trauma Care update is for the rural healthcare provider and EMS first-responders who stand on the front lines of trauma care for Missouri.


This study aims to identify the species diversity and abundance of insects in the peat swamp forest converted into rice fields in the Peat Techno Park, University of Palangka Raya. The sampling method used three types of traps, namely yellow trap, swing nets,and light traps. The Shanon -Weiner equation was used to calculate the diversity index of the collected insects. The insects that were caught consisted of 10 orders and 49 families with a total 0f 2,089 individuals. The most caught insects were the order Ephemeroptera with a total 730 individuals. The abundance index of Ephemeroptera was 35.04%, Formicidae 11.20%, Coenagrionidae 10,39%, and Tetragnathidae 9,38%. The four of this insects are classified as dominant. The H' index is 2.5037 where the level of insect diversity is moderate, the dominance index is 0.1626 so that dominance is classified as moderate. The evenness index is 0.6276, which means moderate evenness.


The objective of this research is to apply the teaching of CAD/ CAM media to basic design studios for 1~2 year undergraduate students. The research consequently concludes a framework of "e-basic design studio" based on literature analysis and design studio observations, which including the new tectonics thinking and the operation of traditional 2D/3D design media and CAD/CAM digital tools.


The utility model discloses a self-dumping garbage can, which comprises a can body. The bottom plate of the can body consists of two semicircular plates which are respectively hinged at the bottom end of the can body. A supporting plate is supported below the two semicircular plates. The supporting plate is not in parallel with a gap between the two semicircular plates. The self-dumping garbage can provided by the utility model has the advantages that garbage is convenient to pour, the garbage can is kept to be clean and hygienic at any time, a garbage bag is not needed, the structure is simple, the design is reasonable, the manufacturing cost is low and the self-dumping garbage can is very convenient and simple to use.


BACKGROUND
 Medication nonadherence is a costly problem that is common in clinical use and and clinical trials alike with significant adverse consequences. Digital pill systems have proven to be effective and safe solutions to the challenges of nonadherence, with documented success in improving adherence and health outcomes.

 OBJECTIVE
 This human factors validation study evaluated a novel digital pill system, the ID-CapTM System from etectRx, for usability among patient users in a simulated real-world use environment.

 METHODS
 Seventeen patients of diverse background who regularly take oral prescription medications were recruited. After training and a period of training decay, participants were asked to complete 12 patient use scenarios during which errors or difficulties were logged. Participants also were interviewed about their experience with the ID-Cap System.

 RESULTS
 In this human factors validation study, patient users completed 97% of the use scenarios successfully, and 75% of these were completed without any failures or errors. Participants found the ID-Cap System easy to use and were able to accurately and proficiently record ingestion events using the device.

 CONCLUSIONS
 Participants demonstrated the ability to safely and effectively use the ID-Cap System for its intended use. Regardless of age, educational level, or background, patients were able to use it successfully. The ID-Cap System has great potential as a useful tool for encouraging medication adherence and can be easily implemented by patient users.

 CLINICALTRIAL
 Not applicable


Hybrid Library is a new style of contemporary library.The article analyzed some denotations or explanations made by library scientist at home and from abroad.Meanwhile,it expounds the connotation's complication,multiplicity,intergradations,dependence and combination,showing the distinguish features of consultation work in hybrid library.


Spectral responsivity and reflectance of two types of InGaAs/InP photodiodes have been measured. The internal quantum efficiency calculated from them has shown that it is possible to obtain an absolute radiometer within 1100 nm and 1500 nm. Models to interpolate reflectance and internal quantum efficiency are presented in this work. Responsivity is the radiometric characteristic of main interest in the fields where these devices are to be used for optical radiation measurements. As it is well known, the responsivity of a photodiode can be calculated if the spectral reflectance and internal quantum efficiency are known [1]. The measurement and interpolation of spectral reflectance and internal quantum efficiency based on a model of layered structure in the diode are presented in this paper. This allows to use this type of photodiode to measure optical power at any wavelength within their spectral sensitivity range without having to calibrate them at every specific wavelength, what is important because of the wide use of this photodiodes to realize spectroradiometric scales in the near IR range.


The outbreak of the global financial crisis triggered changes in thinking about the way monetary policy is conducted, in particular about the desired central banks' reaction function. However, a change in thinking does not necessarily mean that central banks really implemented these modifications. Therefore, I investigate whether four selected European central banks in small open economies – E‡Cesk´a N´arodn´A± Banka, Magyar Nemzeti Bank, Narodowy Bank Polski and Sveriges Riksbank, have adjusted their reaction function to the new paradigm of how monetary policy should be conducted. To address this problem I use a logit model to see first, how the relative importance of inflation and GDP forecasts in the process of setting interest rates evolved over time, second, how the forecast horizon which central banks take into consideration when setting the interest rate has changed, and finally whether they conduct more accommodative monetary policy. The outcomes indicate that all banks after the Lehman Brother's collapse became more flexible in the way they conduct monetary policy. In order to maintain the stability of the whole economy they are ready to accept an extended period or greater deviations of inflation from the target, although each one in its own way – through extension of the forecasting horizon, the increase of the GDP's importance, permanent shift of the monetary policy stance to more accommodative one or a mixture of these factors.


I reconsider the primacy of institutions over geography as an explanatory factor of cross-country differences in economic performance, which has recently been postulated by Acemoglu et al. (2001) and others. My estimates show that the reported missing direct performance effects of a measure of geography such as malaria prevalence are not robust to alternative specifications and samples. Unbiased estimates of the relative performance effects of institutions and malaria prevalence are difficult to obtain due to a lack of independent instrumental variables. Conditional on a restricted effect of institutions, my estimates suggest that malaria prevalence exhibits a large negative direct impact on economic performance, as postulated by Sachs (2003) and others.


If contemporary Australian public management is to respond successfully to international trends in the localisation of policy and implementation it will need a new knowledge base and a new set of skills. This chapter outlines the background to the deficits in these areas currently facing our public administrators and suggests ways of addressing them. Other authors in this book have identified many of the factors that are propelling changes to public management. Some of the key features of this changing landscape include: the re-emergence of community and its potential policy agency; the focus on place management; the importance of networks to knowledge creation; the convergence of traditional planning with social capital; the perceived redistributive failures of economic rationalism and market instruments. While there are broader discussions about the future roles of markets, communities and governments in public policy, we have focused in this chapter on the specific issues of new forms of knowledge in the public sector and the challenges such knowledge throws up for current instruments and practices – in short, introducing the idea that knowledge has an important spatial as well as temporal element to it.


A nonlinear exact geometry hybrid‐mixed four‐node solid‐shell element using the sampling surfaces (SaS) formulation is developed for the analysis of the second Piola‐Kirchhoff stress that extends the authors' finite element (Int J Numer Methods Eng. 2019;117:498‐522) to laminated composite shells. The SaS formulation is based on choosing inside the layers the arbitrary number of SaS parallel to the middle surface and located at Chebyshev polynomial nodes in order to introduce the displacements of these surfaces as basic shell unknowns. The external surfaces and interfaces are also included into a set of SaS. The proposed hybrid‐mixed solid‐shell element is based on the Hu‐Washizu variational principle and is completely free of shear and membrane locking. The tangent stiffness matrix is evaluated by efficient three‐dimensional (3D) analytical integration. As a result, the developed exact geometry solid‐shell element exhibits a superior performance in the case of coarse meshes and allows the use of load increments, which are much larger than possible with existing displacement‐based solid‐shell elements. It could be useful for the 3D stress analysis of thick and thin doubly curved laminated composite shells because the SaS formulation gives the possibility to obtain the 3D solutions with a prescribed accuracy.


In 2019, 13,050 young women were diagnosed with pre-invasive or invasive breast cancer in the USA and 1070 women died of their disease. Young women are underrepresented in clinical trials, and treatment for these women less than 40 years old is extrapolated from studies of older women. Young women face unique challenges such as decreased fertility, psychosocial issues and an extended survivorship period that impacts quality of life. Herein, we review breast cancer treatment options in the young patient (women <40 years old). We explore the biologic differences between breast cancer in young versus older patients, review surgical and systemic therapy options and highlight special considerations that are unique in these young patients.


The meeting organized in Gezi Park on May 27th, 2013 to protest the construction of a mall in the historical park has turned into a nationwide collective movement with a gradual increase in the number of participants from different ages, classes, and political backgrounds in an era in which the young were claimed to be apolitical in comparison to the 1968 generation of Turkey. The phenomenon did not only draw the attention of the international press and news during those times but also turned into an outstanding and popular topic for academic studies. Therefore, there are several publications analyzing the Gezi Uprising and the profile, psychology, and motivation of Gezi participants. Using critical mass theory to analyze the data collected through literature review, this study examines the collective action and interdependence of the heterogeneous participant profiles with different motivations in order to understand how the Gezi protests of 2013 emerged as the largest social movement of Turkish political and social history. This study does not aim to fully answer why there are no large-scale demonstrations despite the rate of discontent in today's Turkey being much higher than that of 2013; however, critical mass theory certainly provides sufficient background to interpret participation in social movements en masse in the post-Cold War era when there is no political leader and organization leading the uprisings.


With all the hype created around multimedia in the last few years, consumers expect to be able to access multimedia content in a real-time manner, anywhere and anytime. One of the problems with the real-time requirement is that transportation networks, such as the Internet, are still prone to errors. Due to real-time constraints, retransmission of lost data is, more often than not, not an option. Therefore, the study of error resilience and error concealment techniques is of the utmost importance since it can seriously limit the impact of a transmission error. In this paper an evaluation of a part of flexible macroblock ordering, one of the new error resilience techniques in H.264/AVC, is made by analyzing its costs and gains in an error-prone environment. This paper concentrates on the study of flexible macroblock ordering (FMO). More specifically a study of scattered slices, FMO type 1, is made. Our analysis shows that FMO type 1 is a good tool to introduce error robustness into an H.264/AVC bitstream as long as the QP is higher than 30. When the QP of the bitstream is below 30, the cost of FMO type 1 becomes a serious burden.


Yeast cells in suspension are continuously broken up in a spindle mill by micro-glass spheroids, the invertase- containing solution thereby obtained is deslurryed to provide a clear fiitrate by use of a sheet filter, whereafter the clear solution is passed to a combined ultra- and microfiltration plant in such a manner that the solution first runs through an ultrafiltration separation unit, and thereafter is passed over a microfiltration unit. The invertase concentrate solution so obtained is stabilised, e.g. by the addition of glycerol, standardised and packed in known manner.


The effect of the encapsulation of eugenol and cinnamon leaf essential oil (CLEO) in lecithin liposomes on the losses of these compounds during the chitosan film formation process by casting was evaluated. Film-forming dispersions and films with eugenol or CLEO (either free or encapsulated) were obtained and characterized. The content of eugenol in active films was quantified by means of solvent extraction and gas chromatograph analysis. The encapsulation of eugenol or CLEO in lecithin liposomes led to the films retaining 40% − 50% of the incorporated eugenol, whereas only 1% − 2% was retained when eugenol was incorporated by direct emulsification. Films with liposomes exhibited a lamellar microstructure which improved film extensibility and increased water vapour barrier capacity with respect to those with free emulsified compounds. Liposomes also modified the optical properties of the films, reducing their gloss, increasing colour saturation and making them redder in colour. The encapsulation of volatile active compounds in liposomes appears to be a good strategy for obtaining antimicrobial films with essential oils. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry


In this paper,a method that combines the multi-level method and the SLP arithmetic is proposed to solve the optimization design problem of concrete frames with steel braces,which is a structural type described the latest Chinese seismic code(GB50011—2010).The optimal section size and concrete grade were obtained by taking the cost as an objective function and concrete grade and unit section size as optimization variables.The constrainl condilions include strength requirement and construction requirement.A program was written by the VB and FORTRAN to solve the optimization problem.The method was proved to be effective and correct.


In order to clearly understand the phase distributions, the gas-liquid two-phase flow in a 5 × 5 bare rod bundle channel was numerically studied based on the Euler-Euler two fluid model with the CFX commercial software. In the two-phase bubbly flow simulation, the interfacial forces between gas-liquid phases including interfacial drag, lift, turbulent dispersion, wall lubrication, and virtual mass were considered. The experimental data was used to verify the numerical models. Different bubble diameters and MUSIG models in rod bundle channel were used in the numerical simulations, and the effects of bubble diameters on the phase distributions were carefully analyzed. It was found that the overall flow resistance increases with the larger bubble diameters. The bubble size significantly affects the void fraction distributions. The bubbles with the greater diameters tend to accumulate in the center of the rod bundle channel, while the bubbles with small diameters tend to appear in the rod bundle walls.


Abstract Objective: Tribulus terrestris L. (T. terrestris) is a highly valuable traditional Chinese medicine used to treat stroke, inflammation, pulmonary fibrosis, liver cancer, and urolithiasis. To identify the basic substance responsible for the anti-inflammatory effect of TST (total saponins of Tribulus), its chemical composition was systematically studied, and its effect of inhibiting nitric oxide generation and the expression of related inflammatory factors were determined. Methods: To separate chemical constituents from T. terrestris by column chromatography. Spectroscopic methods, including 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) and mass spectrometry (MS) techniques, were used to elucidate the isolated compounds. The anti-inflammatory activities of TST and several compounds were evaluated in vitro. Results: Fifteen steroidal saponins, including 9 furostanol steroidal saponins (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 15) and 6 isospirostanol steroidal saponins (9, 10, 11, 12, 13, and 14), were isolated from T. terrestris. TST significantly decreased the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in RAW 264.7 cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharides. Compounds 13 and 15 evidently reduced TNF-α expression. Compounds 6, 10, 12, 13, and 15 markedly reduced IL-6 expression. Conclusions: Compounds 1 was a novel furostanol steroidal saponin, named 26-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(25R)-5α-furostan-12-carbonyl-20(22)-en-3β, 26-diol-3-O-{β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→2)-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)]-β-D-galactopyranoside}. Compounds 2 was isolated from the family Zygophyllaceae for the first time, and 5 and 6 were isolated from the Tribulus genus. TST and compounds 6, 10, 12, 13, and 15 exerts anti-inflammatory activity.


Introduction: As further studies elucidate the extent of organ systems affected by COVID-19, extra-pulmonary involvement is emerging as an important contributor to its morbidity and lethality. Beta-islet cells in the pancreas have been shown to be affected by COVID-19 via ACE2 and TMPRSS2 receptors. Accordingly, diabetes mellitus (DM) has not only been described as an independent risk factor for severe COVID-19, but there is also an association between new-onset DM (NODM) and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) with COVID-19. This case report discusses a patient with NODM presenting with DKA precipitated by COVID-19. Case Summary: A 45-year-old male with no past medical history who emigrated from India in March 2020 presented to the emergency department with five days of dyspnea, chills, fatigue, polyuria, and polydipsia. He was COVID-19 PCR-positive while his labs were remarkable for WBC 14, sodium 126, bicarbonate 2, glucose 350, anion gap 33, pH 6.95, pCO2 26, lactate 4.4, D-dimer 479, LDH 350, Ferritin 2381, Procalcitonin 1.13, HIV negative, and significant ketonuria. Chest x-ray revealed bilateral lower lobe patchy infiltrates consistent with COVID-19. He was started on an insulin drip, therapeutic Enoxaparin, and fluid resuscitation. He did not require supplemental oxygen and was not treated with steroids or antivirals. He was transitioned to subcutaneous insulin after one day. He was discharged after an uncomplicated five-day hospital stay. Discussion: There has been an increasing number of reports describing DKA precipitated by COVID-19 in patients with NODM, though our patient presentation is unique because he had a mild COVID-19 course that precipitated severe DKA. This case indicates a more direct role of COVID-19 damaging beta-cells in the pancreas as our patient remained on insulin and no other diabetic medications at discharge and after follow-up, indicating a complete reliance on exogenous insulin and failure of the pancreas to produce insulin seen with type-1 DM. The patient's HbA1c of 13.3 indicates a chronic state of DM, though COVID-19 certainly contributed to establishing NODM and DKA likely by wiping the remaining function of the Beta-cells in the pancreas. This uncommon case presentation demonstrates that even mild COVID-19 can induce DKA, so it is imperative that further research be conducted on its mechanism and prevention in the future.


The main goal of this study was to improve the results of therapy in patients with chronic wounds on the foot in diabetics (I-II degree according to Wagner's classification) using histoequivalent bioplastic material «G-derm».Materials and methods. The study included 72 patients. The comparison group included 35 patients who underwent standard treatment with hydrocolloid dressings. The main group consisted of 37 patients. For them, in addition to standard treatment, the histoequivalent-bioplastic material «G-derm» was used. The patients' condition was assessed in dynamics on the 1st, 10th, 30th days from the start of treatment.Results. By the 30th day, the complete epithelialization was registered in 12 (16.7%) patients. The main group included 8 (21.6%) cases, and the control group – 4 (11.4%). The unsatisfactory epithelialization (healing less than a quarter of the initial area) by the 30th day of treatment was in 14 (19.4%) patients: in the main group – in 4 (10.9%) patients, in the comparison group – in 10 (28.5%) of patients. The remaining 25 (67.6%) patients in the main group and 21 (60%) participants in the comparison group had satisfactory epithelialization results by the 30th day of treatment.Conclusion. The results of this study show the effectiveness of using histoequivalent bioplastic material G-derm in local treatment of chronic wounds in patients with neuropathic diabetes in combination with standard therapies.The use of histoequivalent-bioplastic material in patients with diabetes leads to faster regeneration of the wound as well as increases the cases of complete epithelialization.


The combination of Biomass Energy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS) can reduce the level of CO2 in the atmosphere. It is, therefore, seen as an interesting tool in the CO2 abatement portfolio ...


An improved synthesis of 4,6-dichloro-2-phenoxy-1,3,5,-triazine from cyanuric chloride and phenol in the presence of collidine (2,4,6-trimethyl-pyridine) induced us to investigate the scope and limitation of the substitution of one chlorine atom in cyanuric chloride and the influence of the base used as an acid acceptor. Phenols, thiophenols, alcohols, thiols and oximes generally reacted with cyanuric chloride in the presence of collidine giving good yields of the corresponding substitution derivatives. The herbicidal and fungicidal properties of the compounds are dealt with and are briefly discussed. The influence of the alkyl or aryl side chain on the biological activity was determined. For this reason some derivatives mentioned in the literature were included for comparison in our biological tests.


Northrop Grumman Corporation has made significant progress in the development of compact, high power, continuous operation solid state lasers for military applications during the past six years. The Joint High Power Solid State Laser (JHPSSL) program is nearing completion of its third phase; its key objective is to demonstrate a 100kW solid state laser with excellent beam quality. Northrop's unique scalable architecture coherently combines modular 15kW lasers to produce power levels of 100kW and beyond with excellent beam quality and run times. This paper describes the JHPSSL program history, Northrop's high power solid state laser architecture and our demonstrated results.


Logistic network design is an abstract optimization problem which, under the assumption of minimal cost, determines the optimal configuration of infrastructures and facilities of the supply chain based on customer demand. With the solutions at hand, key economic decisions are taken about the location, number, as well as size of manufacturing facilities and warehouses. Therefore, an efficient method to address this question, which is known to be NP-hard, has relevant financial consequences. Here, we propose a hybrid classical-quantum annealing algorithm to accurately obtain the optimal solution. The cost function with constraints is translated to a spin Hamiltonian, whose ground state is supposed to encode the searched result. This algorithm is realized on a D-Wave quantum computer and positively compared with the results of the best classical optimization algorithms. This work shows that state-of-the-art quantum annealers may address useful chain supply problems.


In the 1980s, a single female performer, Marta Sebestyen, defined Hungarian folk singing. Sebestyen's voice, with the heavy ornamentation and chest timbre of the Hungarian-Transylvanian sound, became popular worldwide. Even as Sebestyen's voice was popularized via electronic dance mixes and film soundtracks, in live performances and interviews she emphasized the ethnic minority Hungarians in Transylvania who served as her musical sources. The 21st century has seen the ascent of several young female singers in Hungary. They have taken the advocate role in a different direction, dramatizing the experiences of other underprivileged groups and of women. They face additional challenges: currently in Hungary, every sphere of artistic life, including folk music, must demonstrate economic independence. The young folk divas front their own groups and develop high concepts for their albums and performances. It remains to be seen whether their forthrightness will gain the same success as the modest image of the classic singer of the Hungarian folk revival style.


We have demonstrated the applicability of a recently developed automated methodology for processing of electrochemical current noise through the analysis of current records from potentiostatic conditioning of high purity iron thin films in pH 8.4 borate buffer solutions containing low levels of chloride, at potentials below those required for stable pitting. The analysis precisely identifies all anodic current transients and allows us to distinguish carefully between those within the background noise level and those outliers that are considered to indicate the onset of pitting corrosion. A strong potential dependence was observed for the measured characteristics of both the background current noise and the identified pitting events.


The biodegradable poly(є-caprolactone) (PCL) microcapsules containing tocopherol were pre- pared by oil-in-water emulsion solvent evaporation method. The features of the microcapsules were in- vestigated in the manufacturing conditions and degradation behaviors. The form and structural feature of the microcapsules were measured by scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction, respectively. The surface free energy of the microcapsules was executed using contact angle measurement. As a result, the microcapsules were more stable and spherical with poly(vinyl alcohol) given in a surfactant. The surface free energy and crystallinity of microcapsules were decreased with increasing the core concentration, and degradation of PCL was occurred after 21 days. The release behaviors were examined by UV/vis. spectrophotometer. It was found that the release rate of the microcapsules was increased with increasing the stirring rate, due to the increased interface between microcapsules and release media.


----------------------------------------------------------------------Dairy industry is one of the major food industries in most of the countries of the world including India and this industry has grown rapidly due to the high demand of milk and milk products. Dairy industry generate large amount of wastewater which is very rich in biodegradable organics and nutrients. It also contains high level of fats and oils which are not easily biodegradable and often interfere with the normal biological treatment process. Therefore, pretreatment of dairy wastewater is essential to remove these fats and oils from the wastewater before subjecting it to final biological treatment. In comparison to the existing physical, chemical and biological methods for pretreaing the dairy wastewater biological pretreatment methods using microorganisms and/or their products are found to be the most effective and successful. Biosurfactant facilitated biodegradation of fats and oils, primarily by increasing its solubility has been identified to be a potential method to deal with high fats and oils in wastewaters. The present work focused on pretreatment of high fats and oils containing dairy wastewater by the sophorolipids (SLs, a glycolipids type of biosurfactant) producing yeast Candida bombicola. To reduce the SLs production cost two agro-industrial wastes namely cheese whey and sugarcane molasses were tested as a low cost hydrophilic carbon source in place of costly glucose for its production by the yeast in batch shake flasks as well as in a laboratory scale bioreactor. Initially, medium based on deproteinized whey was evaluated for SLs production by the yeast. But the yeast produced very low amount of SLs (5.98 g/l). Addition of small amount of glucose to the medium containing deproteinized whey, however, improved the


Slow Ar recoil-ion production cross sections by projectiles of 1.05-MeV/amu ${\mathrm{Ar}}^{\mathrm{q}+}$ (q=4,6,8,10,12,14) were measured using a projectile-ion\char21{}recoil-ion coincidence technique. The present results indicate that the average recoil ion charges 〈i〉 increase with increasing the incident projectile charge q and the number of the lost and captured electrons from and/or into projectiles, whereas the projectile charge-changing cross sections for loss ionization decrease steeply with increasing q for low-charge-state projectiles, and those for transfer ionization increase rapidly with increasing q for high-charge-state projectiles. For Ar projectiles with q=10, which corresponds to the equilibrium charge state of Ar projectiles at the present collision energy, the average recoil-ion charges are nearly the same in both loss and transfer ionization, and a pure ionization process plays a much more important role in producing highly charged recoil ions, in contrast to projectile electron loss or transfer processes, which play a role in other projectile charge states.


Introduction Characteristics of tissue micro-structure, such as axonal diameters (d) and membrane permeability (p), can be estimated from diffusion MRI data obtained with different diffusion times [1,2]. Micro-structural parameters are currently extracted using analytical models, based on approximations of the tissue geometry and of the measurement on that geometry [3,4]. For example, the intracellular signal is modelled using either the short-gradient-pulse (SGP) or the Gaussian-phase-distribution (GPD) approximation [5]. As a consequence, analytical models suffer from crude approximations. In this work, we propose a novel approach to the extraction of microstructural parameters from diffusion MRI data without the use of analytical models, by using Monte Carlo simulations of particles diffusing in tissue geometries.


On receipt of a new seismic survey, the geophysicist has several decisions to make before loading the data to a workstation for interpretation. He or she must decide on the: areal extent to be loaded; in-line and cross-line spacing (e.g. 12.5 or 25m); time window; sample rate (e.g. 2 or 4ms) and sample precision (e.g. 8 or 16 bit). The decisions made will affect disk space requirements and time taken to retrieve data from disk, transfer across any network and display on the workstation. For a large 3D survey such decisions could have significant impact on the cost of storing the data and the time taken to interpret the survey.


2 Abstract: Investigation The relationship between budget deficit and inflation is one of the most important issues in macroeconomics. The main purpose of the study that is the relationship between budget deficit and inflation which is generally ambiguous from the theoretical perspective. This paper surveyed the relationship between budget deficit and inflation in Iran using the quarterly data covering the period 1990-2008. We have also analyzed the robustness or fragility of this relationship regarding the definitions of inflation and supply money. To do so, we used the simultaneous equation model, including four structural equations for budget deficit, monetary base, money supply and inflation. Our findings indicate a positive and significant impact of the budget deficit on monetary variables and as result on inflation. We have also found a positive and significant impact of price index on budget deficit. Finally regarding the sensitivity analysis our findings support the robustness of our estimation results with respect to definitions of inflation as well as money supply.


The access to information and multiple sources of communication has changed the way we work, and relate to our work day. The boundaries between work and home often disappear, increasing potentially employees' stress level, diminishing cognitive capabilities, and splitting attention between numerous tasks. The consequences of multitasking have been widely studied, as well as individual differences. Based on other studies, mindfulness based stress reduction (MSBR) method appears to have a positive effect e.g. on attention, working memory, stress and empathy. Thus, this experiment introduces an intervention in the form of mindfulness training, which lasted for 12 weeks for all 110 employees, who are located in 13 countries world wide. In addition, employees attended a seminar per week during 10 weeks. These seminars were mainly based on positive psychology. In order to collect data three surveys were sent out (before the intervention, 12 weeks after the first seminar and 6 months later). Two specific measurements were used, which are Mindfulness Awareness Scale (MASS) and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Findings showed a significant increase in MAAS, and diminishing values in PSS, meaning that treatment, in the form of MBSR had an affect on the perceived stress in the firm.


The engineering going is resulted near determination of methodical error of calculation of integral values of casual processes in the checking and management systems. The got results allow to expect both dispersion of methodical error of some algorithms of discrete integration and parameters of the checking systems which provide the set methodical error


Polymethylene polyphenyl polyamines (DAM ) i s produced by conde nsing aniline and formaldehyde in the presence of hydrochloric acid catalyst. Di amines content (including 4,4′-isomer and 2,4′- isomer) in DAM is analyzed by GC determination. Acetone is used as solvent to avoid crystallization of the sample .


This paper examines a youth oral history project conducted by/with/for immigrant youth of color and educators. Designed as a longitudinal five year project of critical participatory action research and youth oral histories, we sought initially to document generational experiences of schooling inequity, aggressive policing, housing precarity and immigration struggles. As a research collective we then confronted and chose to interrogate how COVID19, uprisings and activism, and remote learning affect youth of color. In our analysis we "discovered" the power of culturally responsive and sustaining education as a framework to cultivate critical consciousness and civic engagement. With an epistemic commitment to "no research on us without us," decolonizing methodologies and research for social action, we review in this article our theoretical frameworks, epistemic commitments, methodologies, our ethical praxis and our evidence-based activism, as we explore the intimate details of critical participation as core to anti-racist developmental science.


Passengers are provided with a free space, close to the vehicle and the polymer capable of docking mechanism as the subject vehicle around the subject docking mechanism is equipped with a docking mechanism as the target vehicle body docking body; As a driving force generating unit for supplying a driving force to the drive wheels, the steering operation unit for controlling the steering angle of the drive wheel, the vehicle operating means consisting of a brake operating unit which generates a braking force to the drive wheel provided at the vehicle body the body; And the docking principal mechanism or, and so copolymers and around the vehicle through the docking target mechanism, when the deviation is when the preceding vehicle to allow operation of the vehicle operating means vehicle operation is possible, and perform vehicle deviation is to be incorporated in the trailing vehicle operation the electronic docking vehicle is introduced containing; a controller for restricting the operation of the mechanism.


(57) Abstract: Improved test product of the present invention, dry thromboplastin formulation covered in a suitable test products to apply the blood or plasma sample of wicking and promotes distribution coagulation neutral agents, and the sample application having a mechanism for detecting the time elapsed between the start of solidification in the test product and. Improved thromboplastin during the rehydration in the test sample is selected to maintain high sensitivity and high specificity for the prothrombin time reaction. Thromboplastin, tissue factor in an aqueous medium - using a lipid fraction that facilitates the dissolution of the lipid thromboplastin complex, preferably prepared by synthesis by relipidated pure tissue factor formulation. As a most preferred embodiment, the thromboplastin is prepared using recombinant DNA synthesis of human tissue factor.


In order to realizing a large‐sized glass‐type 3D display, a 55" screen 3D rear projection system is built. The number and the order of retarders used in the glasses are optimized to reduce the crosstalk and color‐shift caused by head‐rotation. The result shows that image quality is greatly improved.


In a previous report, the principal-component analysis (PCA) of a set of data including flash points and ten other flammability-related physicochemical properties of 50 organic compounds was performed to explore the number of significant structural factors affecting the flash point. Just two structural factors were found to be sufficient to reproduce the flash-point data. This study is designed to extend the above analysis to a broader data set for 100 compounds. The object is to interpret the second factor more clearly and to develop a practically applicable method for estimating the flash point


In most theoretical descriptions of collective strong coupling of organic molecules to a cavity mode, the molecules are modeled as simple two-level systems. This picture fails to describe the rich structure provided by their internal rovibrational (nuclear) degrees of freedom. We investigate a first-principles model that fully takes into account both electronic and nuclear degrees of freedom, allowing an exploration of the phenomenon of strong coupling from an entirely new perspective. First, we demonstrate the limitations of applicability of the Born-Oppenheimer approximation in strongly coupled molecule-cavity structures. For the case of two molecules, we also show how dark states, which within the two-level picture are effectively decoupled from the cavity, are indeed affected by the formation of collective strong coupling. Finally, we discuss ground-state modifications in the ultra-strong coupling regime and show that some molecular observables are affected by the collective coupling strength, while others only depend on the single-molecule coupling constant.


The Environmental Satellite (Envisat) mission was finished on April 8, 2012, and since that time, the attitude of the satellite has undergone significant changes. During the International Laser Ranging Service campaign, the Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR) stations have performed the range measurements to the satellite that allowed determination of the attitude and the spin period of Envisat during seven months of 2013. The spin axis of the satellite is stable within the radial coordinate system (RCS; fixed with the orbit) and is pointing in the direction opposite to the normal vector of the orbital plane in such a way that the spin axis makes an angle of 61.86° with the nadir vector and 90.69° with the along-track vector. The offset between the symmetry axis of the retroreflector panel and the spin axis of the satellite is 2.52 m and causes the meter-scale oscillations of the range measurements between the ground SLR system and the satellite during a pass. Envisat rotates in the counterclockwise (CCW) direction, with an inertial period of 134.74 s (September 25, 2013), and the spin period increases by 36.7 ms/day.


In 1974, Semm reported that gynecologic diseases can be managed by laparoscopic approach. Since then there has been a great revolution in the use of devices. Over the period of time, new designs have come up. All this is helping in the more and more use of therapeutic laparoscopic procedures in the management of diseases of gynecologic origin. They are not only safe but also very effective. Thus, laparoscopic procedures have become the method of choice for gynecologists for treatment and management of many gynecologic diseases. Laparoscopy is not only used in the elective surgery but also used in the emergency surgery. It is also found to be useful in the acute abdominal emergencies. It is useful in removing any diagnostic doubts. It is also useful in the treatment of diseases. The use of laparoscopy is extended not only in the treatment of ABSTRACT


The average P residual increased by 0.4 s 1.2 yr before the ML = 5.7 Garm earthquake of March 22, 1969. This is interpreted to indicate a decrease in the P velocity by approximately 10–20% in the local crust. The P wave precursor time is slightly shorter than that indicated by a preferred alignment of the compression axes and by a decrease in local seismicity (Nersesov et al., 1973). Barsukov (1972) reported a decrease of apparent resistivity 0.6 yr before the same event. All precursor observations were obtained within a radius of 25 km of the epicenter and outside the 6 by 10 km aftershock zone. The precursor volume must have exceeded the source dimensions by a factor of 5.

1 Supplementary data are available with the entire article on microfiche. Order from American Geophysical Union, 1909 K Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20006. Document J75-009; $1.00. Payment must accompany order.


We consider a stochastic logistic growth model involving both birth and death rates in the drift and diffusion coefficients for which extinction eventually occurs almost surely. The associated complete Fokker-Planck equation describing the law of the process is established and studied. We then use its solution to build a likelihood function for the unknown model parameters, when discretely sampled data is available. The existing estimation methods need adaptation in order to deal with the extinction problem. We propose such adaptations, based on the particular form of the Fokker-Planck equation, and we evaluate their performances with numerical simulations. In the same time, we explore the identifiability of the parameters which is a crucial problem for the corresponding deterministic (noise free) model.


acclimation is characteristic of many ho meotherms, but the mechanisms by which it is achieved may vary considera bly from species to species. This review will be concerned almost entirely wit h a survey of recent (since 1965) studies on temperature acclimation mechanisms in both birds and mammals. Material on closely related areas of research such as hypothermia, hibernation, neonatal and adult thermoregu lation, short-term temperature exposure, drug action in temperature control, and cross acclimation either will not be mentioned or will be referred to only in passing where essential to clarify the material on temperature accli mation and acclimatization. The overall area of temperature acclimation can be subdivided into smaller areas which have received various degrees of emphasis in the last 5 years. Thus, studies on birds have generally emphasized adaptation to natu ral habitats and relatively few species have been acclimated to heat or cold under laboratory conditions. Rodents, on the other hand, have been accli mated under rigidly controlled labora tory conditions and much is known about their bioc hemical and physiolo gical responses to prolonged heat and cold. Other mammalian species have not received the attention given labora tory rodents, but recent studies indicate that not all of the adaptive re sponses, such as biochemical changes, seen in temperature-accl imated


In this article, the main goal of metrological supply of the enterprise, the role of metrological supply in the timely production of competitive products in the volumes required by the organization is highlighted. In addition, the problems of metrological supply in enterprises and the factors causing these problems are highlighted.


The choice of preparation technology depends on different factors, resulting in different preparation costs. In order to determine the dependence of the preparation costs upon the complexity of cleaning technology, preparation plants are classified by complexity of preparation (technological models). In Poland, preparation plants can be classified into four types. For two chosen preparation plants, which are representatives of different technological models, the costs of cleaning different coal sizes are presented. The calculations for the analyzed variants were carried out based on discounted costs in order to unify the method of calculation. The principles, methodology and the results of the calculations are the subject of this paper.


Chinese medicine, as a part of traditional Chinese culture, is also known traditional medicine. In China, since the urbanisation of traditional society, Chinese medicine has been modernised from its long-established aspects. For most contemporaneous Chinese, which includes the author, the modernisation of Chinese medicine seems quite natural and uncontested. In fact, this view is formed a priori on three assumptions:


The long-awaited hydrocarbon reform bill formulated to make the Algerian oil and gas sector one of the most investor-friendly and strip the parastatal Sonatrach of its monopoly position has been frozen at the request of the country's President Bouteflikai.


This document makes an acknowledgment of the main environmental impacts of the banking sector in Colombia , documenting the most important details of the history of the financial system in the country, as well as their current status and the current regulations applied to this economic sector; this allows contextualize the analysis made on the environmental impacts generated by banks directly, which shows the need to implement environmentally sound practices in these organizations and other service providers.


This paper discusses the charge transport and accumulation in clay-containing LDPE (low density polyethylene) nanocomposites. LDPE is shown to host charges of both polarities in the form of homo and heterocharge when subjected to high electric fields. The addition of nanoclays has been shown to always increase the high field DC conductivity of the nanocomposites. This is shown to actually work in favor of the ability of the material to prevent the accumulation of space charge by slowly, but persistently, allowing space charges to flow across the insulation wall. However, in severe conditions of a combined high electric field and high temperature, the current flow exceeds a threshold where massive injected charges negatively impact the charge profile and the electric field distribution is greatly distorted.


The Tip Top Mine in Gamble Gulch, Colorado is a high mountain site where the stream above the mine is pristine and below the influx of acid rock drainage, the aquatic ecosystem appears to be impacted. An aquatic toxicity assessment study was carried out to determine the impact of contaminants on the stream and to test the leaching methods and simple toxicity tests that have been developed at the Colorado School of Mines. All tests show that the stream water above the adit inflow is pristine. However, the stream below shows concentrations of Al, Cu and Zn that are slightly above acute aquatic toxicity limits. Leaching tests on stream sediment samples taken below the adit entrance show concentrations of contaminants that are on the borderline of being toxic. Physical and chemical assessments of the mine waste piles on the site show that they are not impairing the immediate vicinity or the stream. It appears that the cause of any aquatic toxicity is the adit water entering the gulch or the heavy oxyhydroxide precipitates lining the streambed below the mine site.


The invention relates to a device for the transmission of drive means by a drive train of a wind turbine having a rotor (1) for converting a wind flow in a rotary motion of a rotor shaft (4) on the input side of a planetary gear (2) is arranged for translation into Fast, the output side to a generator (3) is connected for generating electrical energy from the rotary motion, at least through an opening formed as a hollow shaft sun gear (7) of the planetary gearing (2) performed a double-wall tube (6) for forwarding the supply means to the rotor (1) is, an outer annular channel (8) is formed as a lubricating oil passage to lubricate the planet bearings (9) of the planetary gear (2) and an inner central channel (10) for passage of supply lines (11) to the rotor (1), wherein the double-wall tube ( 6) has an inner tube (12) ends, each e is INEM end piece (13, 14) for fixing the wall spacing between the inner tube (12) and an outer tube (15) fixedly connected, said coaxial with the inner tube (12) arranged outer tube (15) via a respective sealing ring (16a , 16b) (on the end pieces 13, 14) is fitted detachably.


The paper presents the results of studies of the important physicochemical and technological parameters of the CCR-2 composite highly filled polymer chemical reagent, consisting of Na-CMC, alumac, soda ash and caustic soda and waste from the production of chemical fertilizers, as well as drilling fluids based on it. The compositions and physicochemical properties of the waste-slag of the chemical plant of Farg'onaazot JSC, which increases the density and water index of drilling fluids, were studied in detail. The optimal compositions of composite polymer chemical reagents of CCR-2 class using waste-slag from chemical production of fertilizers have been developed. The physicochemical and technological characteristics of the developed composite highly filled polymer chemical reagents KHR-2 (from KHR-2-1 to KHR-2-5) and 10% low and medium density drilling fluids based on them are given.


This video shows the live-painting of snow sculptures with dabs of digital paint, deploying a mobile phone (virtual spray can) with accelerometer, a PC and a video projector - creating 100% recyclable art. The technology used is called MobiSpray, which has been reported by the author at SIGGRAPH 2009 in the Art papers track. Using a mobile phone in this context allows the painter to roam freely (walk, stand, lie) around the target object, far or near in real physical space, while looking directly at its surface to see how the painting appears in real time. The phone's keyboard keys are used for controlling the drawing tools such as spraying colors or spraying intensity.


Valorization of lignocellulosic biomass into biofuels has received considerable attention for decades with tremendous thermochemical pretreatments proposed. However, inconsistencies among studies i...