Objective To elucidate the role of P38 signaling pathway on heat-induced apoptosis in monocytic cell line Raw264.7.Methods Raw cells were transfected with constitutively active mutant MKK6b(E)and dominant negative mutant P38(AF),or the empty cloning vector pcDNA3 and apoptosis was detected by flow cytometric analysis.Results The ectopic expression of P38 mutant was confirmed by immunostaining with the antibody against the Flag-epitope tag.Expression of MKK6b(E)led to a marked increase in P38 kinase activity in transfected cells and induced a 4-fold increase in the number of apoptotic cells as compared to that in cultures of control transfected cells.Meanwhile the expression of MKK6b(E)increased the apoptotic rate of Raw cells induced by heat.In contrast,the dominant-negative mutant P38(AF)inhibited Raw cells apoptosis induced by heat.Conclusion The activation of the MKK6-P38 MAP kinase signaling pathway is required for heat-induced apoptosis in Raw264.7 cells.


This paper presents findings of a survey of Indian manufacturing companies. The study included companies from four major sectors namely, automobile, electronics, machinery, and process. Responses from 103 companies are analysed for various issues in manufacturing strategy. Companies are categorized in three strategic manufacturing groups as per Miller and Roth's taxonomy. The Manufacturing Competence Index (MCI) and Business Performance Index (BPI) were also calculated for each group, the results of which show a positive correlation between these two indices.


Agriculture is the basic industry in China, and the development of agricultural listed companies is influenced by internal structure and corporate governance. An effective corporate governance structure can reduce costs to a certain extent, thereby increasing company value and overall strength. This paper selects the financial data of 2013-2018 A-share agricultural listed company in Shanghai and Shenzhen as a sample, puts forward the hypothesis through theoretical analysis, conducts Pearson correlation test on the sample data, and constructs multiple regression model to verify the three aspects of corporate governance structure. The relationship between corporate performance and research results shows that the relationship between equity concentration, equity balance, executive compensation and corporate performance of agricultural listed companies in China is in a "U" shape, and the size of the board of directors is significantly positively correlated with corporate performance to some extent, while the correlation between other governance structural factors and firm performance is not significant.


The invention relates to a back-surface tunnel oxidation and passivation inter-digitated type back-to-back contact battery production method, comprising: removing the damage layer of a silicon wafer and making velvets; and then forming an N + front surface field on the front surface of the silicon wafer; removing the phosphor silicate glass (PSG) layer and performing edge insulation and back polishing; growing an ultra-thin tunnel oxide layer SiO2 on the back of the silicon wafer; forming an inter-digitated type polysilicon layer composed of a polysilicon layer of B-doped and P-doped pairs; depositing an aluminum oxide layer and a hydrogenated amorphous silicon nitride passivation antireflective layer on the surface of the N + front surface field; and growing a silicon layer on the back side of the wafer; printing Ag/Al slurry on the back side of the battery corresponding to the B-doped region through the use of the screen printing method; printing the Ag slurry in the P-doped region; and then, drying the slurries in an oven. The invention utilizes an ultra-thin tunnel oxidation SiO2 layer and an interdigitated phosphorous-doped and boron-doped silicon layer, which greatly alters the interface quality of the silicon substrate and greatly reduces the composition of the back surface metal and the semiconductor surface.


An experimental study has carried out for laminar forced convection heat transfer of non-Newtonian fluid in a small scale elliptical duct. The fluid mediun used in the experiment was the neutralized aqueous 1500 Wppm Carbopol-934 solution. All the wall of the elliptical duct were heated with constant heat flux by direct electrifying. Results show that the heat transfer of non-Newtonian Carbopol solution is greater about 50 percent than that of Newtonian water. It is illustrate that the secondary flow is produced and the heat transfer can be enhanced for the viscoelasticity fluid in the elliptical duct.The heat transfer in the elliptical duct is higher than that of the square duct in the same concentration of Carbopol solution. And the fluid friction factors are almost unaffected by the viscoelasticity, it is in excellent agreement with the power-law priction of Kozicki(f=16/Re*).


Nanocrystalline LaFeO3 was prepared by a novel sol-gel auto-combustion method. The structure, morphology, size and specific surface were characterized and measured by XRD, TEM and BET techniques, and the property of dried gels' auto-combustion and crystallization were studied by TG-DTA. The results indicate the gels, made from the aqueous solutions of citric acid and nitrate, take on the characterization of auto-combustion when being ignited at any point of dried gels. Nanocrystalline LaFeO3 is directly formed after combustion with particle size of 40-60nm. The as-synthesized powders were single and crys-tal LaFeO3 phase.


Abstract : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of wearing MCU- 2/P and M-17 groundcrew chemical defense masks during steady-state work. Five MCU-2/P mask configurations (MC) were tested: mask without filter (MCU-OF), mask + 1 filter (MCU-1F), mask + 2 filters (MCU-2F), mask + 1 filter + air blower A (MCU-ABA), and mask + 1 filter + air blower B (MCU-ABB). Ten subjects walked on a treadmill (3 mph - 5.0% grade) for 1 hr wearing each MC. Variables measured included inspiratory and expiratory mask cavity pressures (IMCP and EMCP), mask cavity pressure-swing (MCPS), peak inspiratory airflow rate (PIAFR), respiratory rate (RR), peak tidal volume (PTV), minute volume (MV), heart rate (HR), rating of perceived exertion (RPE), perceived inspiratory and expiratory effort (PIE and PEE), and overall breathing discomfort (OBD). Each MC was characterized by a significantly different IMCP. The MCU-ABA produced the lowest IMCP, while MCU-1F produced the highest. MCU-2F reduced inspiratory resistance by about 47%. There were no significant differences in PIAFR, RR, PTV, MV, RPE, PIE, PEE, and OBD among the various MC. The new MCU-2/P mask does not improve total breathing resistance over the standard M-17 mask. Neither mask should induce significant cardiorespiratory strain providing the physical work is of low intensity. A very effective (but logistically difficult) approach to reduce the level of inspiratory resistance imposed by the MCU-2/P mask is to provide powered ventilation as compared to the relatively simple installation of a second filter.... Breathing resistance, Protective mask, Exercise, Ventilation, Perceived effort.


ABSTRACT The Covid-19 pandemic has spurred a discussion about the role of the European Union (EU) in the governance of cross-border health threats. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is another major global health challenge that requires international collective action to be resolved. By using survey data from experts on AMR from 29 European countries, this paper investigates the support for an increase in the power of EU over AMR. Based on insights from collective action theory, we hypothesize that experts who believe that other countries free ride, will be more supportive of EU as a Leviathan in the European response to AMR. The results show that the experts generally were strongly in favor of expanding the authority of the EU over AMR. Furthermore, in line with theoretical expectations, experts who think that other countries free ride, are particularly supportive of more EU power over AMR.


This article focuses on the nature of university–school partnerships implementing collaborative action research as an alternative model for professional development under the umbrella of the Alberta Initiative for School Improvement (AISI). The main purpose of this report is to highlight features of these successful partnerships, particularly the role of university–school collaborative action research in promoting teachers' pofessional development for sustainable school improvement.


Kazuyuki ENAMI, Hiroshi SEKI and Soji NENNO Synopsis : The crystal structures, internal structure and shape memory effect of the TiPd and TiPd—Fe martensitic alloys were investigated by electron microscopy and tensile testing. The B19(2H) martensite which was found in the earlier X-ray investigation was found to exist in both the TiPd alloy and the TiPd—Fe alloys. The internal structure of this martensite was found to be (111)2H twin. By substituting palladium by iron (the content of titanium is fixed at 54 at%), the Ms temperature decreases with increasing iron content. In the iron added alloys with 4, 5 and 6 at%Fe, a new martensite phase with 9R structure was found to exist in addition to the twinned B19(2H) martensite. In the alloys with 7 and 8 at%Fe, an "intermediate phase" which is very similar to the "incommensurate phase" in TiNi alloys was found to exist. Additional "superlattice" diffraction spots of this phase lie on 0.3n {110} B2 (7at%Fe), and 0.28n {110} B2 (8 at%Fe), (n: integer). The shape memory effect and pseudoelastic behaviour of the polycrystalline specimens of the 54Ti-39Pd-7Fe and 54Ti-38Pd-8Fe alloys were investigated by tensile testing. Recoverable strain by shape memory effect was about 1% (percentage of recovery 100%) and pseudoelastic strain 3%, in both the alloys.


This letter presents a compact broadband antenna array with two circular loops featuring different circular-polarized elements rotated sequentially. The inner loop employs truncated square patches, while the outer utilizes truncated pentagon patches. The sequential rotation eliminates the need for phase shifters in the feeding network. The design using truncated square and pentagon elements results in a 12-element demonstration with a radius of only 0.76λ0. X-band simulation and measurement results show simultaneous emission of circularly polarized vortex waves of modes −1 and +2, with an impedance bandwidth of 17% and axial ratio bandwidth of 4.7%.


Since the system of tax distribution reform has been put in, the supply of local public goods has been under the spotlight. Local public goodsmostly belong to peopleÂ's livelihood public goods, the supply is closely related to the vital interests of citizens in jurisdiction.Most of the research conclusion on the supply of local livelihood public goods is consistent: there exists major regional discrepancy. But research on how to judge the discrepancy extent, how to scale the level of supplying in different regions and how to find the critical influencing factor are few. This paper wants to solve these problems, so uses SPSS to process factor analysis to grade the supply level of local livelihood public goods inChinaÂ's 30 provinces (not including Tibet) and researches into the critical influencing factors. To verify the methods the paper selects 16 indicators which include social security, education, sanitation, technology and infrastructure in city and countryside etc to assess these differences. The paperÂ's core innovation lies in scoring the supply level of local livelihood public goods of different provinces and finding the critical influencing factorswhich is newcomparedwith previous work. Based on these influencing factors this paper suggests howto supply local public goods harmoniously and efficiently. These suggestions are very important to narrow down the difference between regions and town and countryside.


Abstract In this paper, in light of the reduced recognition rate and poor robustness of Uyghur face images under non-uniform illumination, a Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) algorithm combining Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) with Laplace filter was proposed. Firstly, the Uyghur face images were processed by Laplace filter to highlight their edges and texture features and reduce the interference of illumination; secondly, the Uyghur face images processed by Laplace filter were transformed by DCT, which can effectively filter the high frequency information and retain the low frequency information resulted from the DCT; thirdly, the Uyghur face images were reconstructed by Inverse Discrete Cosine Transform (IDCT), and the Uyghur face images reconstructed by IDCT were still similar to the original Uyghur face images, so that the non-low frequency information in the Uyghur face images was removed and the dimension of the Uyghur face images was reduced; finally, the inherent features of the final Uyghur face images were extracted using Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) operator, and the final Uyghur face images were classified using the Nearest Neighbor Method. The simulation experiment results showed that the proposed algorithm further improved the recognition rate of the face images in face database — as high as 95% in the Yale B face database under different feature dimensions, and 98.5% in the Uyghur face database built by the members of the research group, respectively, which was superior to other traditional algorithms, and had strong robustness and good real time performance.


Heat treatment of wood material increases the dimensional stability and prevents cracks on the wood surface formed by rain and harmful rays...


To examine the competitive ability of crop cultivars to suppress weeds in barley, canola and wheat crops, four field experiments were conducted in two locations within the Western Australian (WA) wheatbelt during 2008 and 2009. In 2008, four cultivars of each crop were sown under in-crop herbicide or no in-crop herbicide treatments. In 2009, two selected cultivars of each crop species were sown at two seeding rates under in-crop herbicide and no in-crop herbicide treatments. Initial weed control by in-crop herbicides was more effective in barley and wheat than in canola. Of the three crop species studied, barley and wheat crops appeared more competitive than canola in suppressing annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum Gaud.) heads. Within each crop, some cultivars showed greater competitive ability than others, in terms of grain yield and annual ryegrass suppression. However, the competitive ability of cultivars of a single crop type (barley, canola or wheat) was highly variable, probably due to variation between seasons and sites. In barley, cv. 'Roe' under no in-crop herbicide produced greater grain yield than cv. 'Baudin'. In wheat, cv. 'EGA Bonnie Rock' under no in-crop herbicide produced greater grain yield and suppressed more annual ryegrass than cv. 'Wyalkatchem'. The cereal cultivars that were more competitive also had a larger canopy area at maximum vegetative growth stage and intercepted more light. In canola, the difference in competitive ability between cultivars was not consistent.


The production of ultra-pure hydrogen by the diffusion of hydrogen through palladiumsilver alloys has already been described in this Journal (I, 2, 3, 4 and 5) and commercial diffusion units capable of handling hydrogen flows of more than IOO cubic metres per hour, are now available. The hydrogen feedstock for such application is generally obtained from high-pressure hydrogen cylinders, from cracked ammonia or, occasionally, from hydrogen-rich process gases produced on-site. For most industrial applications the choice of feedstock is determined by existing facilities. Generally hydrogen is available from highpressure gas cylinders and can be piped directly to the diffusion unit via a pressure regulating valve. Where an ammonia cracker is already installed the output gas mixture of nitrogen and hydrogen can be fed to the diffusion unit after a compressor has raised the pressure to 20 bar (300 psig). Similarly, hydrogen-rich process gases can be piped to the diffusion unit at a pressure of 20 bar, provided that those components which might damage the diffusion membranes have been scrubbed out. There are, however, some applications where the conventional sources of hydrogen are difficult to employ because of problems in transporting and storing the gas, for example at weather stations in remote areas. These difficulties can now be overcome by the use of the mobile hydrogen generator, developed for military applications, which is described here.


As our understanding of the virologic and clinical significance of drug-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) continues to expand, attention is now turning to detecting and assessing the clinical impact of minority (low frequency/abundance) drug-resistant HIV-1, the variants in the viral population present below the ∼20% detection threshold of conventional bulk sequencing. The interest in studying minority resistance has been fueled by improved diagnostic technologies that allow detection of drug-resistant variants below the 1% threshold, and by the recognition that drug-resistant viral populations often exist as a complex mixture of genetic populations in which only the dominant viral sequence is detected by standard sequencing. Three common approaches are used to detect minority resistance: point mutations assays, clonal sequencing, and ultra deep se-


With six state of stock,a model of analysis and forecast is set up for the stock market by stock price index,wave stock and steady-state probability for homogeneous Markov of stock.Methods of Eigenvalue and Eigenvector are presented in the model,and simultaneously a case study is gained.


A series of polycrystalline bulk samples of (La 1-y Tb y ) 0.67 Sr 0.33 MnO\-3( y= 0,0 05,0 15,0 20,0 25,0 33,0.40,0 50,0 60,1 00) have been prepared by solid\|phase reaction sintering. X\|ray diffraction patterns show that the rhombohedral structure has been transfered into orthorhombic structure with increasing Tb content y . For the sample with y= 0 40, a colossal magnetoresistance up to 900% has been observed at 180?K. When μ\-0H =1 7?T, the anisotropic magnetostriction ( λ \-t) of -50×10 -6 and volume magnetostriction ( ω ) -130×10 -6 have been observed for the samples of y =0.20 at room temperature, and y =0.33 at 210 K respectively.


One of the most important things parents can do is to help their children to develop a love of reading and a love of the library. Parents can: take their children to the library; give books rather than other types of gifts; work with librarians to acquaint children with the library. Teachers can help children by assigning simple projects which require library usage. Librarians are generally helpful individuals who will assist children with the card catalog and the Dewey Decimal System. Library cards and bookmarks are important cards to have. Good library habits include: (1) a visit to the library at least once a month; (2) taking children to browse through newly acquired books and magazines; (3) use of the library to procure information for school and other events; (4) "adopting" an author; and (5) helping children build their owt library if possible. (RS)


The tradition divisional parameters method was used to deal continuity problem of aquifer parameter,which would lead to bigger calculation errors and complex calculation process.This paper proposed a new method-boundary element interpolation method,the conductivity of the aquifer pressure coefficient was interpolated by two dimension anti-distance weight method,and then one dimension liner interpolate method was employed to deal with boundary element.Analytical solution was derived,the consistent and calculus of parameter in this region could be attained.This method was applied in Hengshui experimental field in north of China,the results indicated that the fitting error between calculation results and observation values was less than ±3%.This method not only has higher calculation precision,but also the calculation process is simple.Therefore,the continuity problem of aquifer can be successfully solved by the boundary element interpolation method.


This article describes the principles, the configuration of pages and the internal objects of ASP. Then, the it introduces how to realize the dynamic Web with an example given.


Introduction. With the development of hardware and computer systems, which improve qualitative characteristics of synthetic aperture radars, with their dimensions limited, many new systems have appeared that allow using more accessible and widespread mobile platforms such as a car, quadcopters, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). Problem. The use of new types of platforms leads to additional distortions associated with features of the geometry of the radar performance and more severe trajectory instabilities. Thus, new synthetic aperture radar systems should have special requirements for both software and hardware, which differ from classical systems. Objective. The aim of the work is the comparison various algorithms that are used in modern radiovision systems to obtain high-quality radar images that can be integrated into various kinds of mobile platforms. Methods. The method of frequency scaling and various modifications of this method are taken as a basic algorithm, including additional algorithms for compensating trajectory instabilities. For comparison of algorithms, the system geometry for automobiles and aircraft systems are considered and simulations were performed with the presence of point reflectors at different distances and the distortion of the platform motion. Results. The difference of the considered algorithms in the form of flowcharts and mathematical formulas is shown. Based on results of the simulation the use of the basic frequency scaling algorithm at distances corresponding to the geometry of the automobile system leads to the distortion of the response along the azimuth. In addition, the use of the modified algorithm for compensating trajectory distortion allows correct focusing the targets at different distances. Conclusion. The proposed combination of modified algorithms of trajectory distortion and frequency scaling allows focusing the image evenly throughout the frame and improving the quality of the image in the near zone.


aimed at profound changes, "requiring an almost corporate response in their readers, first to change the way in which they led their individual spiritual lives, and then to urge their contribution to the establishment of a truly godly religious community" (253). Peters argues that a small group of Quaker leaders—George Fox, Edward Burrough, Richard Farnworth, James Nayler, and Margaret Fell— closely controlled Quaker publishing, which was concerned with communicating a focused, consistent message. A good example is the Quaker defense of women's preaching. Although the prominence of Quaker women ministers marked the movement as hopelessly radical in the eyes of many contemporaries, Peters notes that the printed defenses were largely the work of men, and they did not challenge other aspects of patriarchal culture. The overall Quaker message, in Peters's view, was both religious and political. Quakers wanted to direct all of their hearers and readers to the Light of Christ that they felt was within all people, obedience to which was the foundation of Christian life and society. Thus, with an intensity that Karl Rove and James Carville would applaud, they were quick to respond fiercely to any attack. But they had a political agenda as well. From the earliest days of the movement, the Society of Friends used the press to argue for religious liberty and to try to influence Lord Protector Oliver Cromwell and Parliament in the direction of what the Friends perceived as a godly society. There is simply nothing not to praise about Peters's work. Wide-ranging in its research, unobtrusive in dialogue with other historians, careful and thoughtful in its conclusions, it is an important contribution to our understanding of both a religious movement and a critical period in British history.


The advantages of using Raman spectroscopy for disease diagnosis have been investigated extensively in the past. Unlike conventional techniques that probe the structural and anatomical changes associated with disease, the Raman spectroscopy approach is based on detecting the molecular markers of disease progression. While in vitro studies have demonstrated the potential of Raman spectroscopy for diagnosing disease, several important obstacles remain for its use in a clinical setting. Problems in acquiring in vivo tissue spectra with acceptable signal to noise ratio in a short collection time and providing diagnostic information in real-time need to be addressed. The goal of this thesis is to present the design and implementation of a Raman spectroscopy system capable of providing real-time diagnostic information in vivo. Improvements made to ensure clinically acceptable excitation power and real-time calibration, data analysis, and disease diagnosis are discussed. The system was used to characterize atherosclerotic tissue in human femoral and carotid artery. The results of the in vivo experiments show that it is possible to acquire Raman spectra with excellent signal to noise ratio in 1 s. The ability to acquire tissue spectra and extract clinically relevant diagnostic parameters within 3 s allows physicians to assess the disease state in real-time. Thesis Supervisor: Michael S. Feld Title: Professor of Physics


Cicero's testimony on Pyrrho shows that this philosopher played the key role within the group of the defenders of absolute indifference built up by the various moral doxographies of the hellenistic age. Cicero also makes it clear that, for dialectic purposes, Pyrrho's original thought was altered through assimilation to Stoic positions alien to his own vision of the world, which itself proved unbearable to a Roman mind.


We examined the responses of OH(X2Π) and OH(A2Σ+) in a premixed CH4 flame to high-energy electrons produced by a dielectric barrier discharge. The density of OH(X2Π) did not respond to the pulsed production of high-energy electrons; however, we observed a pulsed increase in the density of chemically produced OH(A2Σ+). In addition, we observed that OH(A2Σ+) produced at the same time as high-energy electrons had a lower rotational temperature. We discussed possible key reactions in plasma-assisted combustion on the basis of the experimental observation showing the production of cold OH(A2Σ+).


The approximate Domenico (1987) solution represents the analytical model of solute transport more widespread and accepted by environmental agencies, including quantifying risks to human health. Because it represents an approximation, a certain amount of error is to be expected. However, only from relatively recent works, these errors were investigated in a systematic manner, providing evidence that such errors can be highly significant depending on the parameters used. This study investigated the error of the Domenico (1987) solution in six actual cases of contamination by comparing with the exact solution of Wexler (1992). The results indicate that all parameters used in the Domenico (1987) model contribute in a greater or lesser extent to the presence of error. It is remarkable that the dimension of the source represents the factor that contribute most significantly to the error, followed by the longitudinal dispersion. The errors vary widely and in certain circumstances, as in regimes where hydrodynamic dispersion and advection have similar importance, can promote the underestimation of risk to human health, and consequently leading to bad decisions.


This article examines the employment behavior of men and women during economic transition and the way in which this has been shaped by norms inherited from the Soviet past. Economic reform has not had the anticipated impact on male and female employment levels. From the moment that unemployment was legalized in July 1991, the generally accepted view in Russian society was that unemployment was primarily a female problem [31, p. 26]. Meanwhile, a number of Western and Russian commentators predicted that women would leave the labor force voluntarily as soon as they had the option of doing so [25, p. 200; 15, p. 322; 23, p. 276]. Both these views proved to be false. Women do not constitute the majority of the unemployed: according to the internationally comparable Labor Force Survey data (hereafter, LFS), in October 1998, 51 percent of the unemployed were men, and 49 percent were women [17, p. 28].1 Meanwhile, the reduction in overall economic activity rates is accounted for by the withdrawal from labor market activity of the young and those of pension age, and only to a very limited degree by the exit of women from the labor force [9, p. 118]. Women's economic activity fell by almost exactly the same rate as men's between 1992 and 1998: 8.3 percent, as against 8.1 percent for men [17, p. 8]. Women are far less likely to leave their jobs voluntarily than men [10, p. 179], while men appear to be far more likely to leave low-paid jobs in search of better prospects than women [10, p. 196]. That is, the evidence suggests that women have a greater tendency to "cling on" to poorly paying jobs, fearing that they will be unable to find alternatives, while men are more likely to take the risk of leaving a job in their quest for better pay.


British historians are blessed and cursed by the amazing abundance of primary sources available to them from the Middle Ages. Not only are British archives--national, local, diocesan, and private--stuffed full of manuscripts, they are also easily accessible and have been for the last 150 years. Getting to the archives and working with their sometimes arcane catalogues and confusing rules can deter many a researcher, however, and the need to be proficient in medieval Latin, Norman French, and medieval chancery book hands makes these documents impenetrable to students and enthusiasts. These people often turn to the numerous volumes of sources that have been abstracted, calendared, and printed in both Latin and English translations by the predecessor of The National Archives, The Public Record Office, by local record societies, by the Record Commission, and in the famous "Rolls Series." Although these printed editions are welcome and many are easily accessed, mining them can be as frustrating sometimes as using the originals. Arcane translations and abbreviations; idiosyncratic indexing; lack of quality control: all are problems that crop up for the researcher using such sources in print. This first volume of what promises to be a long-term project and collaboration between Boydell and The National Archives aims both to expand upon the massive output of printed calendars produced by the Public Record Office in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, and also to improve upon the basic structures of those same calendars.


A more general formulation is presented that combines the four equations of Brady into one single equation. The new formulation explicitly allows for varying degrees of risk and ambiguity aversion and -seeking behavior by decision makers.


Objective To investigate changes of interleukin(IL)-8 and IL-17 and transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β) levels in peripheral blood and sputum from patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and their clinical significances. Methods The peripheral blood and sputum IL-8 and IL-17 and TGF-β levels were determined in 30 patients during acute episode and after disappearance of symptoms and 15 normal control by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). Results The levels of IL-8 and IL-17 and TGF-β in both peripheral blood and sputum of patients in acute episodes increased significantly compared with those in patients with stable episode and in normal group(P(0.01)).The levels of IL-8 and IL-17 and TGF-β in both peripheral blood and sputum of patients in stable episode increased significantly when compared with those in normal group(P0.01). Conclusions The levels of IL-8 and IL-17 and TGF-β in both peripheral blood and sputum of patients in acute episod and stable episode increased significantly,so that airway inflammation remained throughout the acute episode and stable episode,IL-8 and IL-17 and TGF-β are obviously correlated with the airway inflammation and airway obstruction.


Kinetic energies of Auger electrons from xenon ${N}_{4,5}\mathrm{OO}$ and krypton ${M}_{4,5}\mathrm{NN}$ processes have been calibrated using a new procedure, and are found to be 0.20 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 0.03 eV higher than those determined by other authors. A clear asymmetry has been observed on the profile of each line, and the peak position shifts steadily to higher energy, when the impact energy is lowered to within 20 eV above threshold.


The article examines the topical problem of rivalry in sports activity. As the research task the author made an attempt to estimate the image of a rival of in contact and distant sports. The main part of the research is made up by a semantic analysis of qualities given by sportsmen to their rivals. On the basis of the analysis, the author determines that in contact sports the image of a rival tends to be negative. This image of a rival is given such traits as big, strong, invulnerable and experienced. In distant kinds of sports, vice versa, the image of a rival tends to be positive. The rival is given such traits as strong, honest, crafty and capable of great endurance. This research will be interesting to the specialists, engaging in psychological training of sportsmen for a rival activity. In the experiment the respondents had to use the names of characters from children's stories to name the features of rivals. The respondents used five characters form tales and stories: Koshey Bessmertny, Buratino, Ilya Muromets, Zmey Gorynych and Kolobok.


Simple Summary It is paramount to preserve the genetic material of endangered wildlife species for future generations, including that of the African savanna elephant (Loxodonta africana). By analyzing their genetic information, it is possible to decipher how endangered species such as elephants adapted to live on our planet and how they are related to one another and to their extinct ancestors. This information can further assist us in the protection of endangered animals and the habitats they live in. One way of doing this is through the cryopreservation of elephants' primary cell lines. This protocol presents the successful establishment of primary dermal fibroblast cell lines using a simple explant outgrowth method, starting from a small punch biopsy sample, which is minimally invasive and allows sample collection of free-roaming elephants. The average explant outgrowth, doubling time and further characterization of the dermal fibroblast cells of different elephants have been evaluated and compared. This preliminary method illustrates the potential to establish cell lines from living elephants, which contributes to the conservation of their genetic material and allows further research on the cancer suppressing ability of elephants. Abstract Following population declines of the African savanna elephant (Loxodonta africana) across the African continent, the establishment of primary cell lines of endangered wildlife species is paramount for the preservation of their genetic resources. In addition, it allows molecular and functional studies on the cancer suppression mechanisms of elephants, which have previously been linked to a redundancy of tumor suppressor gene TP53. This methodology describes the establishment of primary elephant dermal fibroblast (EDF) cell lines from skin punch biopsy samples (diameter: ±4 mm) of African savanna elephants (n = 4, 14–35 years). The applied tissue collection technique is minimally invasive and paves the way for future remote biopsy darting. On average, the first explant outgrowth was observed after 15.75 ± 6.30 days. The average doubling time (Td) was 93.02 ± 16.94 h and 52.39 ± 0.46 h at passage 1 and 4, respectively. Metaphase spreads confirmed the diploid number of 56 chromosomes. The successful establishment of EDF cell lines allows for future elephant cell characterization studies and for research on the cancer resistance mechanisms of elephants, which can be harnessed for human cancer prevention and treatment and contributes to the conservation of their genetic material.


Palladium-based carbon catalysts (Pd/C) can be potentially applied as an efficient catalyst for Suzuki–Miyaura and Mizoroki–Heck coupling reactions. Herein, a variety of catalysts of palladium on activated carbon were prepared by varying the content of 'Pd' via an in situ reduction method, using hydrogen as a reducing agent. The as-prepared catalysts (0.5 wt % Pd/C, 1 wt % Pd/C, 2 wt % Pd/C and 3 wt % Pd/C) were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analyses. The catalysts were tested as a coupling catalyst for Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reactions involving aryl halides and phenyl boronic acid. The optimization of the catalyst by varying the palladium content on the activated carbon yielded Pd/C catalysts with very high catalytic activity for Suzuki reactions of aryl halides and a Mizoroki–Heck cross-coupling reaction of 4-bromoanisol and acrylic acid in an aqueous medium. A high 'Pd' content and uniform 'Pd' impregnation significantly affected the activity of the catalysts. The catalytic activity of 3% Pd/C was found to make it a more efficient catalyst when compared with the other synthesized Pd/C catalysts. Furthermore, the catalyst reusability was also tested for Suzuki reactions by repeatedly performing the same reaction using the recovered catalyst. The 3% Pd/C catalyst displayed better reusability even after several reactions.


The article presents an optimal structure of the study of high mathematics by students, based on the following principles: building on previously learned math topics, context-learning and creative activity in elements of the independent environmental research. Teaching of mathematical modelling methods is considered as a basis, realizing the succession of grounding in mathematics of students with ecology specializations. Given some examples of different mathematical tasks strengthening between-subjects' relations.


Gender discrimination is an important cause that relegates the position of women in Indian Pol-
itics. It is a ground for denying rights and is not an argument posited in opposition to the notion of

universal rights of women. In India except for the ballot machine, women's participation as contest-
ants, elected representatives, members of the Government, and so on was negligible. The nature of

the problem is varied such as lack of time due to domestic responsibilities, socio-cultural norms lim-
iting mobility, and patriarchal control discouraging women from coming into conflict with men. Pa-
triarchy always indicates the ramparts between public and private for women. The inner-outer dis-
tinction specified that the world is external, the domain of material, and the home represents the inner

spiritual self. The world is typically treacherous terrain a pursuit of material interests where practical
consideration reigns supreme. It is also eventually the domain of the male. In the home, its essence

remains unaffected by the profane activities of the material world. And the woman is its representa-
tion (though indirectly it is controlled by men). It has been observed that the identification of social

roles by gender corresponds with the separation of the social space into 'Ghar and Bahir. There are
so many factors that in turn merely reiterate the real problems women have faced.
Film and sociology are interlinked. Four interrelated themes, i.e., i) identity, ii) interaction, iii)
inequality and iv) institutions, help sociologists to analyze society in detail. Sociologists can use films
as social texts to explore these core themes. Here in the context of post-nineties Indian Cinema or
series, I would like to explain how did Indian filmmakers visualize the political subjugation of women

through their cinematic gaze. Did they focus on the long battle of women to achieve political empow-
erment? Research questions have carried following objectives :-1) No interaction with the Woman

Pradhan or other officials with relevant officers. 2) Inactive or proxy members 3) internationalization
of socially defined gender roles and an inherent acceptance of patriarchy, caste, and class barriers. 4)
Non-articulation and inability to identify obstacles. 5) Patriarchal values have combined with political

intimidation from opposing parties and vested groups and the system itself has hampered the func-
tioning of Elected Women Representatives.

Films like Samsodhan (1996) God Mother (1999), Bandit Queen (1994), Satta (2002), Deoal'
(2004), Gulaab Gang (documentary) (2012), Thalaivii (2021), Panchayat (2021) will be discussed

from a particular sense of representation, where the term 'representation' will be used from two dis-
courses i) Representation as 'Speaking of' as in terms of politics and ii) 'Representation' as in the art

or the philosophy of filmmaking. Literature, articles, autobiographies, interviews, memoirs, docu-
mentaries etc will be used as secondary sources.


This paper presents a fuzzy based frequency control strategy by grid-connected MW class PV generation. The frequency control is proposed from the view point of the frequency fluctuation problem produced by the large penetration of PV power. The fuzzy control has three inputs: average insolation, change of insolation and system frequency deviation. Following these three inputs, a frequency control system of the PV inverters is proposed. For the case of different insolations, a coordinated inverter and battery control method is presented. The proposed method is simulated in three control area power system by considering dual power and information flows between supply and demand sides and is found satisfactory to provide frequency control and to reduce tie-line power fluctuations.


Received November 24, 2005; revised December 23, 2005; accepted January 13, 2006. From the Dept. of Psychiatry, Hospital Clinico de Barcelona; Barcelona, Spain. Send correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Pintor, Dept. of Psychiatry, Hospital Clinico de Barcelona; Barcelona, Spain. e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Copyright 2006 The Academy of Psychosomatic Medicine Fatal familial insomnia (FFI) is a prion disease first described in 1986. The main characteristics include insomnia, dysautonomia, and motor signs. In 1992, an autosomal-dominant inherited disease was proposed, consisting of a GAC-to-AAC mutation at codon 178 of the PRNP gene, causing substitution of asparagine for aspartic acid. The change in only one amino acid produces selective degeneration of anterior and dorsomedial thalamic nuclei. As in the case we describe below, psychiatric symptoms may indicate the onset of various diseases. Coordination among clinicians of different specialties and a multidisciplinary approach are necessary to make an accurate diagnosis.


Stability properties of gravitationally bound condensates composed of ultralight axionic Fuzzy Dark Matter (FDM) are studied. Previous work has shown that astrophysical collisions could make self-gravitating condensates structurally unstable, making them prone to collapse and decay; in the context of FDM, we reexamine the relevant timescales using the time-dependent variational method. We show that FDM condensates can be made unstable through gravitational interactions with central black holes, for black hole masses in a phenomenologically relevant range. Instability could also be stimulated by galaxy collisions. The subsequent decay takes place over a period lasting as long as many thousands of years. We also discuss the possible relevance of FDM condensates to understanding the composition of Ultracompact Dwarf (UCD) Galaxies. Future observation of extremely massive black holes in the central regions of UCDs can constrain this interpretation.


The invention relates to the field of electrical heating, in particular for industrial and livestock buildings. The object of the proposed utility model is to provide a combined device teploakkumulyatsionnogo elektrootopitelnogo agricultural purposes with improved characteristics and mode of operation having a higher thermal efficiency, with the ability to control and set the desired temperature of the heat accumulating core. The use of the proposed utility model becomes possible effective heating heat accumulating core, in which a sensor, which allows to control and to set the desired temperature of the heat accumulating core, wherein the temperature sensor eliminates the possibility of subcooling or superheating heat accumulating core, which positively affects the operation and the thermal efficiency of the combined teploakkumulyatsionnogo elektrootopitelnogo instrument. The above technical result is achieved by the fact that the proposed combined teploakkumulyatsionnom Electro device comprising an insulated enclosure with a heat-insulated wall forming two compartments interconnected by the air passage in one of the chambers is located heat storage core with electrical heating elements, and the other chamber having an inlet an opening for supplying cool air and an outlet for a given output air flow to the desired temperature by aplivaemogo premises set electroconvector direct heating with electrical heating elements in the chamber with the heat accumulating core inlet comprises an adjustable choke and in the air duct is installed an adjustable flap, which regulation is dependent on the temperature in a heated room, in the heat storage core mounted sensor that monitors and to set the desired temperature heat accumulating core.


We consider pursuit-evasion games in which the pursuer is tasked with intercepting the evader using only partial measurements. Motivated by the utilization of visual sensing on board the pursuer, we focus on the case when only bearing measurements are available to the pursuer. The resulting partially-observable interception problem is computationally challenging, and the separation principle does not hold in general. In this paper, we identify a set of maneuvers that improve observability, and we propose an algorithm that utilizes these maneuvers to move the pursuer so that the expected payoff of the differential game is maximized. The algorithm uses in-the-loop uncertainty propagation based on linear covariance analysis to assess the effect of the maneuvers. We evaluate the resulting guidance law in experiments involving a quadcopter in flight representing the pursuer, and a simulated evader.


Lectotypes are selected for three Linnaean names in the genus Leucojum (Amaryllidaceae): L. aestivum, L. autumnale (≡ Acis autumnalis), and L. vernum. The designation of the nomenclatural types is based on the consultation of Linnaeus's original material and the literature cited in the respective protologues. The names are lectotypified using specimens from Linnaean, Burser and Clifford herbaria respectively.


In order to make clear the response of engine speed to the change of brake load and the abnormal exhaust smoke under free accelerating operations, the authors carried out some experiments. The results obtained are summarized as follows: (1) The change of engine speed in the first half of accelerating period corresponds nearly to the characteristic of 1st order lag element and its time constant depends mainly on the characters of indicated torque, frictional torque and the inertia moment of revolving part in engine. Moreover, it is possible to make clear analytically the effects of various operating conditions on the time constant. (2) The abnormal exhaust smoke density under free accelerating operations increases nearly in proportion to the mean accelerating engine speed so that it depends on the initial conditions of engine speed, flow rate of injecting fuel, intake air capacity and temperature of combustion chamber wall etc.


Besov priors are nonparametric priors that model spatially inhomogeneous functions. They are routinely used in inverse problems and imaging, where they exhibit attractive sparsity-promoting and edge-preserving features. A recent line of work has initiated the study of the asymptotic frequentist convergence properties of Besov priors. In the present paper, we consider the theoretical recovery performance of the associated posterior distributions in the density estimation model, under the assumption that the observations are generated by a spatially inhomogeneous true density belonging to a Besov space. We improve on existing results and show that carefully tuned Besov priors attain optimal posterior contraction rates. Furthermore, we show that a hierarchical procedure involving a hyper-prior on the regularity parameter leads to adaptation to any smoothness level.


Currently, the problem of protection of pre-school children's rights in Lithuania has become of utmost importance, a big number of parents are not even aware of children's rights or hardly realise the necessity to consider and respect them. The purpose of this study was to reveal parents' opinion about the rights of pre-school children. The methods used in the study were analysis of literature; parents' opinion survey, interview and SPSS. The research revealed that parents only partially respect and protect children's rights, respect for children's rights to biggest extent depends on parents education, gender, nationality and place of living. To optimise collaboration of family, pre-school education and local governmental institutions, non-governmental organisations 'Save the Children' and UNICEF Lithuania on issues related to children's rights.


Abstract The paper explains the broad reception of the ›Kaiserchronik‹ in the German culture throughout the high and late middle ages by its ability to give a historical shape and foundation to a social identity of the medieval German nobility. This identity is based on the Chronicle's general concept of history and worked out in its series of narratives on the one hand, and mirrored by its reception in the textual tradition on the other. The paper shows that the ›Kaiserchronik‹ ascribes to the German nobility the identity of being the teleologically destined bearer of the Roman empire and that the manuscripts preserving the text contain various reflections of the fact that this identity was actually adopted by the Chronicle's textual community from the late 12th to the 15th century. This is illustrated by the means of the continuation of the ›Kaiserchronik‹ in its so-called C-Version (I), its contextualization within the famous Vorau codex (II), the excerpt of the Adelger episode in a Vienna codex (III), and the copy of the final parts of the Charlemagne episode in a Munich single sheet (IV). Overall, the examples demonstrate that the ›Kaiserchronik's‹ function of shaping and founding a social identity of the German nobility also explains in a new manner its flagrant idiosyncrasies in representing the history of the Roman emperors.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of SMS (Short Message Service) advertising on consumer perceptions of Au Bon Pain's brand equity in Thailand.Design/methodology/approach – The experimental study was based on a 4×2 between‐subjects design, with four levels of message types (personalization, interactivity, general, and no message control) and two levels of permission (with and without permission). Structural equation modeling was utilized to test the hypotheses.Findings – SMS marketing is found to have a significant positive impact on brand awareness and perceived quality. Personalized, interactive, and general messages are effective for building brand awareness, and general and personalized messages positively influence perceived quality. With the right choice of message, explicit permission enhances the effects of SMS marketing on brand association.Research limitations/implications – The experiment was conducted over a period of one month, with three SMS ads sent to each su...


Electrospray ionization (ESI) and tandem mass spectrometry have been used to investigate the gas-phase interactions of five metal ions and seven dipeptides. For silver ion, two complexes ([M+Ag](+) and [2M+Ag](+)) were obtained as well as the one complex ([2M+Met-H](+)) for transition-metal ions. Upon collision activation, there is an obvious difference in MS/MS data between metal ion complex and the protonated molecule. The fragment pathway of each complex is related to the structures of dipeptide and the nature of metal ion which suggest that there are several interaction between the metal ions and dipeptides in gas phase.


Combined with practical situation of our hospital,scientific management of economic benefits is applied to medical equipment storehouse with good effect.We traced and analyzed the economic benefits of medical equipment utilization,strengthened the supervision power,and formed a suitable management model for medical equipment in our hospital.


With the increasing of autonomous technologies and networks, a car's interior becomes space combined with the multi-user interface, digital services, and physical objects. it's necessary to create a tool to assist develop the design process for new intelligent cabin scenarios. Yet only a few tools currently support ideation for it. In this paper, we present User-behavior Cards, and a workshop technique to involve quick idea generation for the new intelligent cabin. The overall aim of the User-behavior Cards is to assist a design process for cross-function design groups early in the design process. We invited cross-functional team; students of industrial design and interaction design involved in the design workshop together. The co-creation design workshop shows that User-behavior Cards are one of the design tools that can help the team to understand Human-Machine Interfaces, create scenarios design for the cabin. The results present that the User-behavior Cards are a useful source of inspiration when designing for cabin scenarios and help create ideas in a short time from a cross-function team.


The study was carried out in the research farm of Indira Gandhi Agricultural University Raipur Chhattisgarh in June 2014. To evaluate drawbar and tractive power of  4.85kW of  power tiller cultivator attached with two different types of cage wheel of half width (C 1 ) and angle type wheels (C 2 ) for a small power tiller operated in clay soil of  wet land and flood condition. It was found that the maximum draft values of C 1 and C 2 were 1192N and 1039N in flood condition and 1318N and 1225N in wet condition. The results showed that maximum tractive efficiency was for cage wheel  C 1 and C 2 values were 72.91% and 69.86% in puddle soil. The maximum field capacity was 0.084 ha/h for cage wheel C 2 in puddle soil. BIBECHANA 13 (2016) 38-49


Purified B cells were costimulated with CpG 2006 , A/Victoria/361/2011 viruses and IL-15. Stalk-reactive IgG in supernatants was detected at day 6. Chimeric molecules cH5/3, cH4/7 and cH5/1 were used for assessing antibodies against H3 stalk, H7 stalk and H1 stalk, respectively. Each symbol and line represents an individual donor. (A) H3 stalk-reactive antibodies. (B) H7 Stalk-reactive antibodies. (C) H1 stalk-reactive antibodies.


The present study experimentally and numerically investigates the feasibility of applying multiple dielectric barrier discharge (multi-DBD) plasma actuators to reduce wind loads and modify local flow field on the roofs of low-rise buildings. Four arrangements of multi-DBD plasma actuators are placed on the roofs and induce four directions of wall jets. The results show that mean and peak negative pressure coefficients are negative no matter the plasma actuation is on or off. These wall jets decrease the absolute values of these pressure coefficients in different roof regions and succeed in modifying the local flow around the roof. The wall jet blowing from the trailing edge to the leading edge has the best effect on wind loads, since the absolute values of mean and peak negative pressure coefficients are respectively reduced by about 20% and 12% near the leading edge. The different variations of wind loads and the local flow for all arrangements are due to the compact of the directionality of the wall jets. The wall jet produces a strong suction region at the beginning of the wall jet, which leads to an obvious enhancement of wind loads in this region. Meanwhile, the wall jet induces a strong pressure region at the back of the wall jet, resulting in an apparent decline of wind loads.The present study experimentally and numerically investigates the feasibility of applying multiple dielectric barrier discharge (multi-DBD) plasma actuators to reduce wind loads and modify local flow field on the roofs of low-rise buildings. Four arrangements of multi-DBD plasma actuators are placed on the roofs and induce four directions of wall jets. The results show that mean and peak negative pressure coefficients are negative no matter the plasma actuation is on or off. These wall jets decrease the absolute values of these pressure coefficients in different roof regions and succeed in modifying the local flow around the roof. The wall jet blowing from the trailing edge to the leading edge has the best effect on wind loads, since the absolute values of mean and peak negative pressure coefficients are respectively reduced by about 20% and 12% near the leading edge. The different variations of wind loads and the local flow for all arrangements are due to the compact of the directionality of the wall jet...


The original Brakspruit Bridge was constructed in 1962 on the Hoedspruit to Phalaborwa railway line. The bridge consisted of three 100-foot span steel trusses supported on reinforced concrete wall type piers and abutments.


C l i n M e d International Library Citation: Karabayir N, Kelesoglu E, Bornau H, Oztarhan K, Aktas D, et al. (2016) Dilated Cardiomyopathy due to Vitamin D Deficiency. Int J Clin Cardiol 3:084 Received: May 30, 2016: Accepted: August 04, 2016: Published: August 06, 2016 Copyright: © 2016 Karabayir N, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Karabayir et al. Int J Clin Cardiol 2016, 3:084


PRESENTED AN ELECTRICAL DRIVE DEVICE TO OPEN AND CLOSE DOORS AND WINDOWS THAT HAVE AN ARMOR movable between a closed position and a ventilation position, the device comprises a driving ELECTRIC UNIT WITH MOTOR REVERSIBLE (15) and transmission media ASSOCIATES (16 to 22). The drive unit is accommodated in a housing (1) of the structural member intended to receive a locking mechanism and one of the transmission means (22) is designed to engage functionally locking mechanism MOUNTED ON THE MEMBER OF THE STRUCTURE And a transfer element (25), RESPECTIVELY, WHICH THROUGH A coupling fixture (41) is connected to the main structure, the transmission means have a first and a second engagement member (26, 27) HOOKING A first and a second carrier member (33; 47), respectively, which are functionally related to a square (7) SHAFT CONNECTED WITH locking mechanism and with the transfer mechanism, respectively, to move in an opening direction (56) or a closed position (58) IN CONTINUING WITH SHAFT ROTATION SQUARE (7) to release the locking means and before SQUARE SHAFT ROTATION TO CLOSE closure members, respec Tively.


Automatic Image Annotation (AIA) is a challenging problem in the field of image retrieval, and several methods have been proposed. However, visually supporting this important tasks and reducing the semantic gap between low-level image features and high-level semantic concepts still remains a key issue. In this paper, we propose a visually supporting image annotation framework based on visual features and ontologies. Our framework relies on three main components: (i) extraction and classification of features component, (ii) ontology's building component and (iii) image annotation component. Our goal consists on improving the visual image annotation by:(1) extracting invariant and complex visual features; (2) integrating feature classification results and semantic concepts to build ontology and (3) combining both visual and semantic similarities during the image annotation process.


With the social change,the issue of rural culture and rural education has once again become researchers' focal point of concern.Based on the previous research results,it is found that the research on rural education and rural culture can be divided into two stages with research content mainly focused on four aspects: origin and causes of establishing new school education in the rural society;the contradictory relationship and causes of rural education with rural culture and rural society;the influence of urbanization orientation of rural education on rural culture and rural society;the reform of rural education.In the future,when we do the research on rural education and rural culture,more attention should be paid to the following aspects: cultural choice for rural education according to local conditions;reassessing the educational value of rural culture by transcending the value presetting;bringing out the essence of rural education and rural culture via multiple means;enriching and developing the rural culture,and strengthening the research on the cultural inheritance mechanism.


The present work was accomplished to explore the antibacterial activity and cytotoxic potentials of ethanolic extract of Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves using d isc diffusion method and brine shrimp lethality test respectively. Four Gram - positive and eight Gram - negative human pathogenic bacteria were u sed for antibacterial screening. Ethanolic extract of leaves showe d prominent activity against all the microbes with the zo ne of inhibition ranging from 10.1 to 26 .3 mm. Comparatively hi gher activity was exhibited by G ram negative bacteria, in that case Escherichia coli and Shigella dysenteriae showed 26 .3 mm and 25 .2 mm zone of inhibition. The MIC values for Gram negative bacteria ranged from 62.5 to 125 µg/ml while for Gram posi tive bacteria ranged from 125 - 250 µg/ml. Cytoto xic potentials were evaluated f r om leaves extract against Artemia salina Leach at concentration s of 5, 10, 20, 40 and 80 µg/ml and vincristine sulph at e was used as positive control. The extract s showed significant brine shrimp lethality having LC 50 value of 8.12 µg/ml in comparison wi th the standard vincristine sulph ate having LC 50 value of 6.76 µg/ml . The results suggest that ethanol extract of Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves can be considered as a source of natural antibacterial and anticancer agent.


Abstract The molecular structure of [Os 6 (CO) 18 PCl] is presented. The phosphorus atom is interstitially sited within a distorted trigonal prismatic array of osmium atoms. The chlorine atom bridges one edge of a triangular face of the Os 6 cage. A comparison is made between the structures Of [Os 6 (CO) 18 PCl] and its parent compound, [OS 6 (CO) 18 P] − . By using the model compounds [Ru 6 (CO) 18 P] − and Ru 6 (CO) 18 PCl, the Fenske-Hall quantum chemical technique is used to investigate the mode of bonding of the phosphorus atom in [Os 6 (CO) 18 P] − . In Ru 6 (CO) 18 PCl, the interaction of the tangential orbital of the chlorine atom with the ruthenium-ruthenium antibonding LUMO of [Ru 6 (CO) 18 P] − is the primary interfragment interaction; this results in Ru 6 (CO) 18 PCl, and by analogy [Os 6 (CO) 18 PCl], being a 92 electron cluster in contrast to [Os 6 (CO) 18 P] − which is a 90 electron cluster.


The purpose of this study is to investigate allelopathy relationships, for in vitro cultures, between in vitro seedlings of Drosera rotundifolia L. and protocorms of Cymbidium hybridum – plant species belonging to phylogenetically distant families – to establish the tolerability of one to the other in order to organize in vitro floral arrangements, which are increasingly demanded and appreciated worldwide (Halevy, 1999). At the same time, some peculiarities regarding morphological features of in vitro co-culture regime have been analysed. As a result mutual synergistic allelopathy effects which allow in vitro association when cultivated on original MS62 medium of Drosera rotundifolia L. and Cymbidium hybridum species, particularly after a 30 days period of conditioning have been identified. These "aesthetic fireworks" maintain viability and robustness for at least 3 months, representing a source of germplasm with high efficiency in relationship to the monocultures for each of the two species used in this study.


Catalog from the juried and invitational "11th Southwestern Exhibition of Prints And Drawings," January 22–February 19, 1961, held at the Dallas Museum of Fine Arts.

Includes: list of awards, list of artists and artworks in the exhibition, selected images.


In this article, we revisit the topic of generalizing proof obligations (POs) in bit-level property directed reachability (PDR). We provide a comprehensive study which: 1) determines the complexity of the problem; 2) thoroughly analyzes limitations of existing methods; 3) introduces approaches to PO generalization that have never been used in the context of PDR; 4) compares the strengths of different methods from a theoretical point of view; and 5) intensively evaluates the methods on various benchmarks from the hardware model checking as well as from AI planning.


the case of La llave en el des'vdn. It is, he says, "toda ella inspirada en Freud, cuya lectura digerida, madurada y hecha came es evidente en toda la obra (un Freud tergiversado poetica y constantemente por viejas tradiciones populares sobre los suefios y su sentido)."' Analysis of this play should therefore reveal much about the manner in which Casona manipulates Freud's ideas.4 The action, which takes place in a single day and in a single setting, is simple, even stark, in nature. Mario, an engineer of neurotic disposition, is the central figure. Having staked everything upon the development of a new type of industrial furnace, he finds that the very same furnace has just been produced by a large North American firm. The resultant economic and moral crisis precipitates in him a severe emotional upheaval. He is beset by terrible nightmares and anxiety states.


The system Ti‐Bi has been investigated by solid/liquid diffusion couples at 400, 500, 600 and 700 °C. Indication that the growth rate of the diffusion layers at 500 °C is linear has been found, with a growth constant of around 5 × 10–11 m.s–1. The existence of the Ti2Bi phase has been confirmed. Some formerly unknown binary phases (TiBi, Ti2Bi3, TiBi2) have been observed. The phase TiBi is, probably, identical with Ti8Bi9 reported previously. All intermediate phases suffer air corrosion, but in various degrees. A tentative variant of the Ti‐Bi phase diagram, including the newly found compounds, has been constructed. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


www.nafme.org 29 Copyright © 2013 National Association for Music Education DOI: 10.1177/0027432112472163 http://mej.sagepub.com Since early times, human beings have searched for spiritual experiences that provide connections to their hearts and souls. People sometimes find these connections through experiencing music—perhaps the last remaining ubiquitous spiritual experience in Western culture. And yet, material values rule our world, even in music education. Do we teach music in our schools in ways that empower students to conduct this search with integrity and judgment? To illuminate the way music is presented in Western education, I borrow the Greek myths of Psyche, Hermes, and Orpheus. As the first story is told, Psyche was a mortal woman of extraordinary beauty, truth, and goodness who was married to Eros but was commanded not to look at his face. Overcome with curiosity, Psyche disobeyed, lost Eros, and was given four tasks in order to be reunited with him. These included sorting a room full of seeds, obtaining a golden fleece, and filling a glass from the waters of the River Styx. Finally she had to go to Hades to retrieve a beautiful box. In some versions, she opens this box and is again forced to wander. I see her still wandering through Western culture as a symbol of the loss of spiritual values and the qualities of the soul.


The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of fish cage culture on Macrobenthic in the southern Caspian Sea. Samples were collected in two offshore farms with four floating polyethylene cages with a production of 60 tons for 5 months in 2015. Sampling was performed of macrobenthos, physicochemical, and sediment in January, March, May, and August at the depths of shade, 50, 100, and 1000 m in three geographical directions (east, west, and south) of the farm. Macrobenthic analysis showed Hypaniola kowalewskii and Streblospio gynobranchiata were predominant, which resulted in an unusual condition due to the effectiveness of the marine farm. There was a linear relationship between environmental factors and macrobenthos communities under the RDA analysis test and the water temperature was the most crucial factor in the density of the dominant species in both fish farm sites. The dominant Macrobenthic species were subjected to environmental conditions in addition to the influence of temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus compounds. This situation can be attributed to the hydrological conditions of the studied area; low production of fish, a short period of fish farming, suitable depth of cages established and different water flow directions.


Three compounds, 1,10-phenanthroline, tripyridine, and quinidine sulfate, which have potent antifibrillatory actions on isolated rabbit atria, were found to have negative chronotropic and inotropic...


Using Tobin's q and Euler equations estimated by a novel technique of Blundell and Bond's system  MM, this paper investigate the role of financial factors (cash flow and leverage) in investment spending of Indonesian listed companies during 1993- 1997. Overall, the results suggest the existence of financial constraints and agency costs for Indonesian firms in raising external funds. However, agency costs vary across firms according to whether the firms are members of large business groups owning foreign exchange banks and their financial conditions (leverage and pay out ratio). These results provide indirect support to the existence of the credit channel of monetary policy which recently becomes a hot debate in the aftermath of the recent Asian financial crisis. A microeconomic aspects of both banks and firms. Specifically, the degree of financial frictions should be monitor using various indicators such as firms' financial leverage, firms' access to bank loans and bank's willingness to lend. JEL Classification : E44, G31


"The authors use German linked employer-employee data for the years 1990, 1995 and 2001 to analyze, which dimensions of wage setting differ across three wage-setting regimes: Establishments applying sectoral collective contracts, establishments with firm-level contracts and uncovered establishments. The empirical analysis is restricted to workers without supervisory functions in larger manufacturing firms and shows that for this group of workers base wages are higher in firms applying collective contracts, while returns to human capital and the gender wage gap are reduced. Moreover, during the nineties these effects have become stronger." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))


Chemical micropropulsion options for small satellite systems (i.e. cube-sats, nano-sats, pico-sats) are currently limited by feed system complexity and viscous effects which dominate low Reynolds number flows, inhibiting efficient operation at low thrust levels. Electric propulsion offers high Isp but with high power/thrust demands and require power supplies which are bulky, complex, and expensive. The proposed Film-Evaporation MEMS Tunable Array (FEMTA), exploits the small scale surface tension effect in conjunction with temperature dependent vapor pressure to realize a thermal valving system for effective propulsion in the sub-milliNewton range with a thermal management option. The local vapor pressure is increased by resistive film heating until it exceeds meniscus surface tension strength in the nozzle inducing vacuum boiling which provides a stagnation pressure equal to vapor pressure at that point which is used for propulsion. The heat of vaporization is drawn from the bulk fluid and is replaced by either an integrated heater or waste heat from the vehicle providing a thermal control capability.


N-ZnO thin layer is widely used in application of wastewater photo catalyst. N-ZnO thin films have been successfully deposited on glass substrate using spray coating technique at 450 °C with varying concentrations of N from Urea source. XRD test results showed that the N-ZnO has a polycrystalline structure with diffraction field (100), (002), (101) and (110). The presence of nitrogen atoms in the lattice of ZnO causes a shift in diffraction angle between 0.08o - 0.18o. N-ZnO thin layer showed the occurrence of tensile strain. Surface morphology of N-ZnO is shaped like mine (like root). All samples have band gap energies lower than that of ZnO and the smallest is sample N6 with Eg = 3.249 eV. The presence of nitrogen atom increases surface roughness and decreases band gap energy.


The rapid growth of mobile traffic and the emergence of advanced mobile services and infrastructures are shifting significant attention toward the cellular network back-hauling infrastructure. At this network segment, there is a growing interest in understanding spatio-temporal mobile traffic distributions at different network levels, in order to better define flexible networking solutions for forthcoming smart 5G infrastructures including, for instance, mobile edge computing features. In this work we study these aspects and characterize the load on cellular access networks using real-world anonymized subscriber data, from the Lyon metropolitan area in France, providing statistical distribution to the research community. We find that the traffic distribution at Node-B level is best fit by a Weibull distribution, and that at the radio network aggregation it is best fit by a hybrid Weibull-Pareto distribution.


Chalmers, T. C. (1960). Pathogenesis and treatment of hepatic failure. New Engl. J. Med., 263, 23-30; 77-82. Conway, E. J., FitzGerald, 0., McGeeney, K., and Geoghegan, F. (1959). The location and origin of gastric urease. Gastroenterology, 37, 449-456. Cregan, J., Dunlop, E. E., and Hayward, N. J. (1953). The bacterial content of human small intestine in disease of the stomach. Brit. med. J., 2, 1248-1251. and Hayward, N. J. (1953). The bacterial content of the healthy human small intestine. Ibid., 1, 1356-1359. Dintzis, R. Z., and Hastings, A. B. (1953). The effect of antibiotics on urea breakdown in mice. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.), 39, 571-578. Donaldson, R. M., Jr. (1964). Normal bacterial populations of the intestine and their relation to intestinal function. New Engl. J. Med., 270, 938-945; 994-1001: 1050-1056. Evans, W. B., Aoyagi, T., and Summerskill, W. H. J. (1966). Gastrointestinal urease in man. Part II. Urea hydrolysis, ammonia absorption and effect of neomycin in upper and lower gut lumen. Gut. 7, 635-639. Ewe, K., and Summerskill, W. H. J. (1965). Transfer of ammonia in the human jejunum. J. Lab. clin. Med., 65, 839-847. Fasman, G. D., and Niemann, C. (1951). A reinvestigation of the kinetics of the urease-catalyzed hydrolysis of urea. I. The activity of urease in the presence of sodium and potassium phosphate. J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 73, 1646-1650. Fishbein, W. N., and Carbone, P. P. (1964). Acetohydroxamate inhibition of bacterial urease in vitro and in vivo. (Abstr.) Clin. Res., 12, 453. FitzGerald, 0., and Murphy, P. (1950). Studies on the physiological chemistry and clinical significance of urease and urea with special reference to the stomach. Irish J. med. Sci., 97-159. Fleshler, B., and Gabuzda, G. J. (1965). Effect of ammonium chloride and urea infusions on ammonium levels and acidity of gastric juice. Gut, 6, 349-356. Fossel, M. (1948). Die Urease der menschlichen Magenschleimhaut. Wien. klin. Wschr., 60, 60-63. Goldstein, F., Wirts, C. W., and Josephs, L. (1962). The bacterial flora of the small intestine. (Abstr.) Gastroenterology, 42, 755-756. Howell, S. F., and Sumner, J. B. (1934). The specific effects of buffers upon urease activity. J. biol. Chem., 104, 619-626. Kornberg, H. L., and Davies, R. E. (1955). Gastric urease. Physiol. Rev., 35, 169-177. -, ,Y and Wood, D. R. (1954). The breakdown of urea in cats not secreting gastric juice. Biochem. J., 56, 355-363. Lieber, C. S., and Lefevre, A. (1959). Ammonia as a source of gastric hypoacidity in patients with uremia. J. clin. Invest., 38, 12711277. Lind, H. P., and Martinson, E. E. (1964). Ob aktivnosti ureazy i adenozintrifosfatazy v subkletochnykh fraktsiiakh slizistol obolochki zheludka. (On urease and ATPase activity in subcellular fractions of gastric mucosa.) Biokhimiya, 29, 191-195. Linderstrom-Lang, K., and S0eberg-Ohlsen, A. (1936). Distribution of urease in dog's stomach. (Studies on enzymatic histochemistry, xx.) Enzymologia, 1, 92-95. Lowry, 0. H., Rosebrough, N. J., Farr, A. L., and Randall, R. J. (1951). Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J. biol. Chem., 193, 265-275. Luck, J. M. (1924). Ammonia production by animal tissues in vitro. II. The demonstration of urease in the animal body. Biochem. J., 18, 825-828. Macbeth, W. A. A. G., Kass, E. H., and McDermott, W. V., Jr. (1965). Treatment of hepatic encephalopathy by alteration of intestinal flora with Lactobacillus acidophilus. Lancet, 1, 399-403. McDermott, W. V., Jr., Adams, R. D., and Riddell, A. G. (1954). Ammonia metabolism in man. Ann. Surg., 140, 539-556. Rappoport, W. J., and Kern, F., Jr. (1963). Gastric urease activity in normal subjects and in subjects with cirrhosis. J. Lab. clin. Med., 61, 550-559. Reinhold, J. G., and Chung, C. C. (1961). Formation of artifactual ammonia in blood by action of alkali: its significance for the measurement of blood ammonia. Clin. Chem., 7, 54-69. Seligson, D., and Hirahara, K. (1957). The measurement of ammonia in whole blood, erythrocytes, and plasma. J. Lab. clin. Med., 49, 962-974. Sherlock, S., Summerskill, W. H. J., White, L. P., and Phear, A. (1954). Portal-systemic encephalopathy: neurological complications of liver disease. Lancet, 2, 453-457. Shiner, M., Waters, T. E., and Gray, J. D. A. (1963). Culture studies of the gastrointestinal tract with a newly devised capsule: results of tests in vitro and in vivo. Gastroenterology, 45, 625-632. Thomson, A., and Visek, W. J. (1963). Some effects of induction of urease immunity in patients with hepatic insufficiency. Amer. J. Med., 35, 804-812. Visek, W. J., and Thomson, A. (1964). Some effects of urease immunity in hepatic insufficiency. J. Amer. med. Ass., 187, 727-728. White, A., Handler, P., and Smith, E. L. (1964). Principles of Biochemistry, 3rd ed., pp. 510-511. McGraw-Hill, New York.


Taiwan has created the Taiwanese-styled elderly welfare service model with a joint effort in the government and people aiming at expansion in social security·expansion in a support for public assistance·establishment in welfare-service delivery system, and development in the balanced community. Given seeing the characteristics in the elderly welfare even among those things, the Taiwanese-styled elderly welfare policy service system can be understood to proceed with being established by driving the preponderant projects in the government`s consistent pursuit for the elderly welfare policy of the social development and subbase construction·productive welfare·mental morals·the increased amount in the elderly-welfare budget·expansion in the beneficiaries of elderly welfare service·qualitative enhancement in elderly welfare service. Taiwan`s elderly welfare service policy system started from public assistance for senior citizens whose livelihood is poor, and proceeds with being developed into the elderly welfare system for the whole elderly. In addition, there is characteristic that several projects for the elderly welfare are being driven in a joint effort of the government and the private.


A method and apparatus for controlling a keyboard operated device having a plurality of keys includes a plurality of sensors associated with each key. Each sensor detects a different one or more attribute of the nature of actuation of the key. Each detected attribute is used by selection circuitry to form a characteristic of the device's response to actuation of the key. The individual characteristics are combined to form a response to actuation of the key. The response may be an output signal or may be further processed internally by the device. In a preferred embodiment the invention is part of a musical synthesizer. One sensor is arranged to detect actuation of a key, while a second sensor is arranged to detect which finger actuates the key. The detection of actuation of a key is used to control the pitch of the resulting output. The detection of which finger actuates the key is used to control the timbre of the resulting output signal. Pitch and timbre are combined by a sound generating device and an audible note or group of notes produced. Other embodiments using the combined characteristics include security systems and computer input devices.


e23213Background: Overexpression of mRNA provides an oncogenic mechanism, downstream of DNA level changes detected by sequencing, that can be treated with targeted therapies. It is still unknown wh...


: Enormous amounts of wealth are changing hands at every moment in the financial markets. Conse-quently, an accurate forecast of the future is a valuable piece of information for any investor. While one might generally believe that one cannot accurately predict the price of an individual security, being able to predict the "state" of the market would unambiguously give investors an advantage over others. The idea of predicting the market state has been widely accepted and discussed by academics and professionals. In this paper we review the popular definitions of Bull, Bear and Neutral market states and create a method to predict the "state" of the market by by combining an unsupervised learning method (HMM) with a supervised learning method (XG-boost). We then deploy this hybrid model with a basic trading strategy on the Russell 3000 index and analyze its performance. Our aim is not to find the most profitable trading strategy, but to demonstrate its potential to be used as part of a risk management strategy.


This study examined the revealed comparative advantage (RCA) of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and Latin America & Caribbean (LAC) on the export of five merchandise subsectors (during 1995 to 2010) using the World Development Indicators database. Despite improvements observed, SSA's and LAC's trade share and economic integration are low. LAC has stronger RCA than SSA in export of food items though the gap in their competitiveness is not wide. The SSA region has higher RCA in export of agricultural raw materials, fuel, and ores and metals than LAC. Both regions have revealed comparative disadvantage in the export of manufactures, though lesser in LAC.


This paper deals with the problem of establishing limits of lightning currents and voltages tolerable to human beings. A numerical computation taking into account a representative model of the human body in contact with a lightning surge associated to a grounding system was performed considering different types of soil. The step and touch potential were evaluated in order to estimate the current and energy generated on the heart that can lead to a harmful condition in terms of ventricular fibrillation of the heart.


A numerical approach is presented for time domain staggered-grid finite difference modeling of surface waves in porous media, based on the Biot model of poroelasticity. A set of free-surface boundary conditions for solid and fluid are applied based on averaging the medium properties of the nodes along the free surface. The proposed method has higher computional efficiency than that of the previous stress imaging approach at the equivalent precision under the same spatial and temporal discretization.


Human large granular lymphocytes (LGL) and T cells were separated from peripheral blood on discontinuous density gradients of Percoll. On a per cell basis, cultured LGL demonstrated higher levels of cytotoxicity against K562 cells than fresh LGL. Cultured T cells acquired cytotoxicity against K562 cells, although they were less cytotoxic than fresh or cultured LGL. During culture, these LGL retained the 3G8, NKH1, OKM1, and OKT10 antigens. Cultured T cells retained the T101 antigen and acquired the OKM1 and OKT10 antigens, but remained negative for the 3G8 or NKH1 antigens. A series of pharmacologic agents known to inhibit cytotoxicity of fresh LGL were also tested for their effects on cultured LGL and T cells. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, known to inhibit the binding of effectors to target cells, inhibited the cytotoxicity of cultured LGL and T cells to the same degree that it inhibited the cytotoxicity of fresh LGL. In contrast, agents which primarily effect post‐binding events in cytotoxicity (trypsin, D‐mannose 6‐P, dexamethasone, prostaglandin E2, anti‐LGL granule antibody, and 9.1C3 monoclonal antibody) inhibited the cytotoxicity of cultured LGL and T cells to a much lesser extent than fresh LGL. In addition, on the basis of Michaelis‐Menten's kinetic analysis, cultured LGL and T cells developed a higher binding affinity to K562 cells than fresh LGL.


In the system with a two-level ion confined both in a linear trap and in a high-Q single-mode cavity, we present a simple scheme to realize the basic two-qubit logic gates such as the quantum phase gate (QPG), the SWAP gate and the controlled-NOT (CNOT) gate beyond the Lamb–Dicke (LD) limit. We realize the three kinds of two-qubit quantum phase gates, i.e. QPG operation involving the cavity mode as well as the vibrational mode of the trapped ion, QPG operation involving the internal states as well as the vibrational mode of the trapped ion and QPG operation involving the internal states of the trapped ion as well as the cavity mode. The controlled-NOT gate can be implemented from a QPG operation through a rotation of the second qubit before and after the QPG operation. We can also perform the SWAP gate operation involving the ionic internal states of the trapped ion and the two-mode bosonic basis. The logic gates involving the cavity mode as well as the vibrational mode of the trapped ion are insensitive to spontaneous emission, and the logic gates involving the internal states as well as the vibrational mode of the trapped ion are insensitive to the decay of the cavity, which is an important feature for the practical implementation of quantum computing. Neither the LD approximation nor the auxiliary atomic level is needed in our scheme. Experimental feasibility for achieving our scheme is also discussed.


Understanding controls on the delivery of dissolved organic matter (DOM) from terrestrial to aquatic systems is key for constraining carbon balances and fluxes in boreal headwater catchments. The largest export of DOM generally occurs during intense periods of water delivery to the landscape (e.g., rain events); however, the timing and magnitude of DOM is complicated by geomorphological, hydrometeorological, and biogeochemical variability. To better assess mechanisms controlling the delivery of DOM to boreal streams, DOM was investigated in two morphologically distinct catchments of an experimental forest watershed in western Newfoundland, one dominated by low relief wetlands and the other by steep hillslopes. The DOM was compared during two fall storms of similar magnitude but contrasting moisture conditions during the autumn transition. Variable concentrations and optical character highlighted antecedent conditions are important for the delivery of DOM to boreal streams. Concentration‐discharge relationships with stream hydrograph separation analysis suggest preferential flowpaths through shallow mineral horizons as a key pathway for delivery of DOM in the hillslope dominated catchment compared to rapid input from near‐stream wetlands in the low relief catchment. Loss of DOM via preferential pathways suggests an additional mechanism for surface soil carbon loss not directly informed by lateral flow and soil hydrology, which has important implications for our conceptualization and modeling of carbon fluxes in boreal systems. These results suggest watershed scale responses of DOM in boreal headwater catchments are complex, and better linkages between catchment scale hydrology and landscape hydrobiogeochemistry are required to constrain terrestrial to aquatic carbon fluxes in boreal landscapes.


n engl j med 371;12 nejm.org september 18, 2014 1163 In response to Baang and Fisher: results in patients who could be evaluated clinically were consistent with those in the modified intention-to-treat population. The population of patients who could be evaluated clinically in our study is synonymous with the per-protocol population, since it consisted of all patients in the modified intention-to-treat population who met the criteria for study inclusion, received the full-course of study treatment, and underwent an assessment for clinical cure at the posttherapy evaluation by the site investigator, as stated in the legend to Figure 1 of our article. In addition, Figure 2 of our article and Tables S4, S7, and S11 in the Supplementary Appendix, available at NEJM.org, are all based on the population of patients who could be evaluated clinically. G. Ralph Corey, M.D.


The COVID-19 pandemic has simultaneously created both opportunities and challenges for the emerging field of virtual exchange: On one hand, institutional administrators and funding organisations saw virtual exchange as the solution to global learning needs while physical travel was restricted and traditional mobility programmes were suspended. On the other hand, instructors felt overwhelmed by transitioning all of their teaching online, and without physical access to their educational institutions, many students and instructors lacked reliable internet connections or safe places to engage in learning, not to mention the financial burdens of the pandemic.
This moderated panel discussion which took place during the IVEC 2020 conference invited diverse perspectives to explore the impacts of the pandemic on virtual exchange in various contexts around the world. Central to the discussion were issues of equity, inclusion and justice: Is virtual exchange truly a more accessible and equitable form of global learning, as it is often promoted to be?
In this video contribution, Eva Haug moderates the conversation between Maha Bali, Paulo Goes, and Anita Patankar around the following questions.
* How is virtual exchange a solution to global learning during COVID-19?
* What have been the two to three most relevant impacts of the pandemic on virtual exchange activity at your institution, in your country, or region of the world?
* How can we as a field of practitioners maintain and sustain the current momentum and interest in VE in a post-COVID-19 world?
* Can intercultural exchange be apolitical?
* If an institution is in a position of power or privilege, how can they create space in virtual exchange for institutions that are less represented?

The video recording is accessible on: https://vimeo.com/459415071 (CC BY-NC-NC)


This research studies graph-based approaches for Answer Sentence Selection (AS2), an essential component for retrieval-based Question Answering (QA) systems. During offline learning, our model constructs a small-scale relevant training graph per question in an unsupervised manner, and integrates with Graph Neural Networks. Graph nodes are question sentence to answer sentence pairs. We train and integrate state-of-the-art (SOTA) models for computing scores between question-question, question-answer, and answer-answer pairs, and use thresholding on relevance scores for creating graph edges. Online inference is then performed to solve the AS2 task on unseen queries. Experiments on two well-known academic benchmarks and a real-world dataset show that our approach consistently outperforms SOTA QA baseline models.


Intravenous disopyramide was used in 13 patients who developed recurrent ventricular dysrhythmias despite initial treatment with intravenous lignocaine after admission to the Coronary Care Unit of a busy district hospital. This was effective in 8 of the 13 patients treated and there was no major side effects observed. Disopyramide has the advantage of being available both as an oral and an intravenous preparation and is a useful drug to be added to the list of more conventional anti-dysrhythmic agents.


In the paper authors present the Croatian corpus of non-professional written language. Consisting of two subcorpora, i.e. the clinical subcorpus, consisting of written texts produced by speakers with various types of language disorders, and the healthy speakers subcorpus, as well as by the levels of its annotation, it offers an opportunity for different lines of research. The authors present the corpus structure, describe the sampling methodology, explain the levels of annotation, and give some very basic statistics. On the basis of data from the corpus, existing language technologies for Croatian are adapted in order to be implemented in a platform facilitating text production to speakers with language disorders. In this respect, several analyses of the corpus data and a basic evaluation of the developed technologies are presented.


is an orally active of After absorption is into and is into Taken up by cells, it is to by metabolized by dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase(DPD).Since many breast and colorectal cancer cells express large quantity of this enzyme, they generate more 5-FU and suffer higher toxicity than normal cells. A combined regimen of capecitabine and oxaliplatin is frequently used in metastatic colorectal cancer [1] . Capecitabine is registered for treatment of patients following surgery of stage III colon cancer in the adjuvant setting, for treatment of metastatic colorectal


OBJECTIVE: To evaluate objective and subjective sleep parameters in healthy subjects taking lacosamide 300 mg/day.
 BACKGROUND: In patients with epilepsy, seizures and antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) may disrupt sleep patterns. Lacosamide is approved as adjunctive treatment for partial-onset seizures in adults. A multicenter, interventional, open-label study (NCT01530386) was conducted in healthy subjects to evaluate effects of lacosamide on sleep without confounding effects of concomitant AED use, co-morbidities, or disease state.
 DESIGN/METHODS:
Subjects with no history of seizures, concomitant AED or other medication use, or primary sleep disorders were enrolled. After initial overnight polysomnograms (PSG), lacosamide was initiated at 100 mg/day (50 mg BID) and increased by 100 mg/day weekly to 300 mg/day. To allow subjects to adapt to PSG conditions, recordings were performed on 2 consecutive nights; readings from the second night were analyzed. The primary variable was change from baseline in Wake After Sleep Onset (WASO). Secondary variables included total sleep time, sleep efficiency, time spent in sleep stages, REM latency, sleep onset latency, and subject-reported measures of sleep quality and daytime sleepiness (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Inventory and Epworth Sleepiness Scale). Safety was also assessed. Change from baseline in WASO was analyzed using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test.
 RESULTS: Twenty-five subjects completed the study. One subject discontinued due to an adverse event prior to receiving lacosamide and another withdrew consent. The median age was 28 years (range 18-48) and 59.3% were male. For WASO, the median change from baseline was a 6-minute reduction after lacosamide treatment; this was not statistically significant ( P =0.1074). Similarly, no meaningful changes were observed in any secondary variables. Thirteen subjects (48%) reported a treatment-emergent adverse event, none of which were severe or led to study discontinuation.
 CONCLUSIONS: Lacosamide 300 mg/day had no effect on objective sleep parameters in healthy subjects and was generally well tolerated.
 Study Supported by: UCB Pharma Disclosure: Dr. Hudson has received personal compensation for activities with UCB Pharma and Jazz Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Yates has received personal compensation for activities with UCB Pharma. Dr. Yates holds stock and/or stock options in UCB Pharma. Dr. Williams has received personal compensation for activities with UCB Pharma as an employee. Dr. Guptil has received personal compensation for activities with UCB Pharma as a consultant, and Grifols as a scientific advisory board member. Dr. Byrnes has received personal compensation for activities with UCB Pharma. Dr. D9Cruz has received personal compensation for activities with UCB Pharma. Dr. D9Cruz holds stock and/or stock options in UCB Pharma.