PURPOSE: An advanced treatment method of sewage/wastewater is provided to increase biomass production amount using microalgae than white light was used, and to be able to improve nitrogen and phosphorus removal amount by using the mixed light in which red light source and blue light source are mixed at a fixed rate as a light source. CONSTITUTION: An advanced treatment method of sewage/wastewater comprises a step of removing nitrogen and phosphorus by cultivating microalgae of Scenedesmus species using mixed light in which red light and blue light are mixed at a mixing ratio of 3:7 as a light source. The red light is the light of 600-700nm wavelength area. The blue light is the light of 400-500 nm wavelength area. The red light and blue light are provided by LEDs. Mixed light mixing red light and blue light to 1:9-9:1, preferably 3:7-9:1, more preferably 6:4-8:2 is used in order to increase the biomass production. [Reference numerals] (AA) Accumulated removal amount of nitrogen(mg); (BB) Time(days); (CC) White LED; (DD) Red(9) : Blue(1); (EE) Red(7) : Blue(3); (FF) Red(5) : Blue(5); (GG) Red(3) : Blue(7); (HH) Red(1) : Blue(9);


We have studied changes in myoepithelial cell size and shape during different stages of mouse mammary gland differentiation by using the fluorescent probe for actin NBD‐phallacidin. Pieces of mammary tissue were fixed, mounted on slides, permeabilized with cold acetone (−20°C), and then treated with nitrobenzoxadiazole‐phallacidin. Myoepithelial cells lining ducts of glands at all stages of development are spindle‐shaped structures oriented parallel to the long axis of the duct at the base of the luminal epithelium. In virgin animals, myoepithelial cells also occur as linear tracts oriented parallel to the long axis of small projections along the sides of ducts and terminal end buds. In early pregnancy, small stellate‐shaped cells begin to appear around presumptive secretory units. By late pregnancy, larger star‐shaped units of intense fluorescence appear at the base of alveoli. During lactation, both cell bodies and cell processes further enlarge as these interlacing stellate‐shaped cells encompass the expanded alveoli. In regressing glands, cell size decreases and the processes appear to retract. Although alveoli are virtually absent in the multipartate resting gland, myoepithelial cells remain around lateral buds of ducts. These myoepithelial cells have two distinct shapes: (1) small star‐shaped cells capping the buds and (2) spindle‐shaped cells oriented parallel to the long axis of the buds. A comparison of myoepithelial cell shape in virgin mice and nulliparous women indicates a more developed cell in the human gland at this stage of development. Intact segments of mammary gland combined with NBD‐phallacidin as a probe for actin provide an ideal system for future studies of the control of myoepithelial cell size and shape and their influence on cell functions.


Aim A method that programming by useing sub routine was proposed.Methods According to the function and characteristic of sub routine,the inner link between sub routine and cutting tool path was studied.Some key technical matters and their processing technology were introduced based on practical examples.Results Examples of useing sub routine can simplify programming work.Conclusion The explicit method and the guiding principle were proposed for the programming of subprogram involves the key questions like data form,the circulation beginning and the cycle-index computation.


Recent researchers in both comparable worth and utility analysis literatures have noted the need for an increased understanding of the correlates of job-level estimates of the overall value of job performance. In a public sector setting (U.S. Army), the current research described here demonstrates that such judgments can be predicted to a substantial degree. Useful predictors include objective measures taken from organizational documents as well as subjective ratings of literature-based hypothetical constructs. The usefulness of these prediction models is discussed both as a tool for organizational analysis and in terms of the multidisciplinary nature of overall job-value judgments.


Two compact HI clouds which seem to belong to the
Ophiuchus superbubble were studied at ∼30

resolution using the Very
Large Array (VLA) in C and D configurations together with the Green
Bank Telescope (GBT) providing the short-spacing flux. Here we
present preliminary results of the data analysis.


In this paper, the structure of high speed MAG gun is designed by using CAD/CAM, and the design of gas passage was optimized by the FEM analyzing method. By the welding process experiment, it was proved the welding gun can meet the requirements of high speed MAG welding.


In component-based software engineering programs are constructed from pre-defined software library modules. However, if the library's subroutines do not exactly match the programmer's requirements, the subroutines' code must be adapted accordingly. For this process to be acceptable in safety or mission-critical applications, where all code must be proven correct, it must be possible to verify the correctness of the adaptations themselves. In this paper we show how refinement theory can be used to model typical adaptation steps and to define the conditions that must be proven to verify that a library subroutine has been adapted correctly.


This study examined the influence of field placements settings with varying demographic profiles on preservice elementary teachers. Data were gathered at three points during the participants' final year in their teacher preparation program in order to chart changes over time in science teaching self-efficacy beliefs. These measures were supplemented by interviews to investigate attitudes about teaching science in diverse settings. Gee's identity framework (2000) and the dimensions of teacher development described by Bullough et al. (Bullough et al. (2004) Teachers and Teaching: Theory and Practice 10:365-394) were employed as interpretive tools. Statistical analyses of teaching self- efficacy scores revealed marginal changes over time. Individual interviews revealed no discernible influence upon the teacher candidates' perceptions of science teaching selves that could be attributed to the demographics of their field placements. Emerging from this study was the previously underappreciated value of self-doubt as a factor in motivating preservice teachers. The findings call into question the tendency to use heightened teaching self-efficacy as an indicator of individual or programmatic success. This examination of preservice teacher development over the final year of a preparatory program, especially when considered in light of student diversity, demonstrates the soundness of Dewey's claim that uncertainty is a crucial component of learning and knowing. 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 46: 102-125, 2009


Forced oscillations can push dissolved volatiles into bubbles by a process called rectified diffusion. In engineering applications, the pumping action of rectified diffusion makes bubbles grow. In the geosciences, rectified diffusion is a suggested mechanism to trigger volcanic eruptions with seismic waves generated by distant earthquakes. Previous geoscience studies adopted the engineering results and proposed that in a confined system like a magma chamber, rectified diffusion causes pressure increase rather than bubble growth. However, the volcanic application is fundamentally different than engineering applications in that solubility continually changes with increasing pressure in the confined system. Here we present the first self‐consistent treatment of rectified diffusion in a confined system. Evolving solubility has a significant effect. The new solution demonstrates that previous work significantly overestimated the effect of rectified diffusion in magmatic systems. For reasonable seismic wave amplitudes, the pressure change is at the most 2 × 10−9 of its initial value.


The inexorable migration from single-gate to multiple-gate transistors is reviewed by attempting to look into the motivations, hesitations, achievements, implications and future challenges. Specific aspects related to the operation multiple-gate transistors are evoked with the aim of clarifying the strategic trends rather than the device-physics mechanisms. The road is difficult and dangerous, but hopefully long enough. The key words are nano, multiple-gates, innovative ideas and sound SOI technology.


In this paper, the current state of art of optical fiber sensing technology is reviewed. The basics of operating principle are discussed in detailed and the various types of optical fiber sensors are classified. The performances, the limitations and a description of the technology used to fabricate the optical fiber sensors have presented. Also, the development of this technology and the expected application areas are briefly outlined.


Electron Scattering from Few-Body Nuclei (R Alarcon) Strangeness in Nuclei Physics (G Franklin) Pion Electroproduction and the Search for Nuclear Pions (D Gaskell) Polarization Observables (R Gilman) Quark-Hadron Duality: A Pedagogical Introduction (S Jeschonnek) The Importance of Flavor Physics (P Rankin) Weak Interactions in Atoms and Nuclei: The Standard Model and Beyond (M Ramsey-Musolf) Aspects of QCD (A Szczepaniak) and other papers


Based on a foundation of an integrated sport program for positive social change and health promotion, this paper presents a case study of the relationship between a corporate sponsor (JP Morgan), and a community-based health promotion/social change organization (Football United). The paper articulates the various issues that arise in management of such a program, and the involvement of sponsors in its operation.

Illustrated through the JP Morgan - Football United case study, the paper explores: the difficulties of maintaining a program that remains faithful to the expectations and demands of each stakeholder group involved; the challenges involved in harnessing support for a program when moving beyond the one-dimensional transfer of funds; the different needs and expectations of/for volunteers this type of complex health promotion intervention.

This case study has been written to propose that an "integrated partnership" between a corporate body and a social change organization can produce significant advantages beyond the scope of uncomplicated financial contribution

The key feature documented is that corporate investment can move beyond abstract "lump-sum" social responsibility, towards targeted contributions to detailed outcomes through sustainable and meaningful involvement in a health promotion framework. This in turn equates to funding stability and a more empowering partnership for the health promotion/social change organization.


Student-centered teaching approach is applied in nursing clinical practices.The practice plan,content,and objective were set by the teachers,and students were divided into groups of 5-7 and they were allowed to choose the diseases and patients according to their own interests.The students were asked to make an oral presentation every time after practice;and the teachers make comments on their presentation.The students were asked to write two papers during the middle and at the end of the practice.Based on the above,the student will be given a comprehensive score.Student-centered clinical practice resolved the problem that the class study was not in consistent with the clinical conditions;it put more emphasis on the nursing procedure and communication skills.The students learned basic skills and had more chance to communicate with patients,thus improved their initiative of studying.The mean score of students was 78 for each class,which met the requirement of undergraduates.And the student showed improved communication skill.


The regrowth of SI-InP:Fe by hydride vapor-phase epitaxy (HVPE) around reactive-ion-etched (RIE) vertical mesas of lasers grown on Zn-doped p-InP substrate is described. The laser performance measurements show that at 20 degrees C, the DC and pulsed power saturation currents are 300 mA and >600 mA, or 20 and >40 times the threshold current, respectively. The characteristic temperature is 63 K. It is inferred that the overall performance can be improved by minimizing the actual series resistance of 5.6 Omega . The regrown SI-InP:Fe is highly current blocking despite its adjacency to InP:Zn substrate.<<ETX>>


In consideration of an increasing demand to adopt the biometric technology to minimize potential security risks, the paper presents a consumer-level biometric system for automatic physical access control. Through development of a near infrared imaging device for biometric acquisition of dorsal hand vein patterns and computation efficient image processing methods, the proposed system is shown to possess a range of desirable operation characteristics for real-world use, which include reliable in identification, convenient to use, high in security, fast in response, low in cost, and simple for installation.


As suggested by previous reports, the DPC database has the strength of enabling the conduct of nationwide research of descriptive or analytical epidemiology in the real-world setting of clinical practice. However, several limitations should be acknowledged when considering clinical research that will use the DPC database. First, limited data are available on hospitals' characteristics and patients' clinical findings. Second, the DPC database only includes data on outcomes during hospitalization. Therefore, depending on the purpose of the research, there is a need to establish other databases to be combined with the DPC database. In this regard, the vital issue is how to perform such a linkage. Recently, relevant research has been expanded by linking the DPC database with other databases. One example is the research on cerebrovascular disease by Iihara and colleagues,8 who used the DPC database in adjunction to their own administrative database. They additionally assessed hospital characteristics from the following 5 aspects: personnel, diagnostic techniques, specific expertise, infrastructure, and educational components.8 As a result, more recommended characteristics were associated with decreased in-hospital mortality in patients hospitalized for acute stoke, irrespective of stroke type.8 The present issue of the Journal includes a report on similar expanded research on cardiovascular disease. Yasuda and colleagues9 established the Japanese Registry of All Cardiac and Vascular Diseases (JROAD) to collect data on the clinical activity of hospitals having cardiovascular beds, and then added the DPC database. In this report, the authors describe the nationwide current status of clinical practice for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and heart failure (HF). Hospitals with larger case volume had lower in-hospital mortality rates for both patients with AMI and those with HF.9 In contrast to the minor inter-hospital variation in the prevalence of aspirin prescribed at discharge, each hospital showed a different prevalence of β-blockers and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors [ACEI]/angiotensin receptor blockers [ARB] prescribed at discharge for AMI patients.9 The prescription of β-blockers and ACEI/ARB at discharge, which was less prevalent in HF patients than in AMI patients, varied among hospitals for HF patients as well.9 The DPC database, with linkage to other databases if possible, would be a useful tool for developing nationwide clinical research in Japan. Relevant research would provide evidence that can lead to establishing clinical practice guidelines and n Japan, where people spend public resources when receiving medical services, it is necessary to consider a strategy for reducing the medical economic burden that is increasing each year.1 To address this crisis, the national government introduced the Diagnosis Procedure Combination/Per-Diem Payment System (DPC/PDPS) for acute hospitalized patients.2 In short, DPC/PDPS is a case-mix payment system according to diagnosis and procedures, which consists of 2 elements: flat-fee per day payment and fee-for-service payment. This system currently covers over half of the total hospitalizations.3


I was not the teacher that I wanted to be. My reading instruction was not meeting my own expectations. As a teacher and graduate student, I was interested in finding out more about reading instruction and student reading comprehension. I wanted to make the connection between theory and my own practice, which led me to question how I could incorporate student engagement into my reading instruction. This teacher research study examines the influence of mandated literacy curricula on student reading actions and experiences. The research findings attained through teacher journaling provide insight into how this reflective practice may transform reading instruction, and how these transformed practices may enable students to be active participants in the classroom while deepening their comprehension. This research study provides teachers with an example of how reading instructional practices based on student learning increases the likelihood of student participation and comprehension.


AIM
To express DnaJ-homologous chaperon peripherin-binding protein(PBP) gene in E.coli and prepare the rabbit antibody against PBP.

METHODS
The PBP cDNA was amplified from the human fetal brain tissue by RT-PCR. After confirmed by DNA sequencing, the PBP-cDNA was cloned into expression vector pET28a and then the PBP gene was expressed in E.coli under the IPTG induction. The expressed protein was purified through Ni-NTA affinity chromatography column. The rabbit antibody against PBP was prepared by immunizing two New Zealand white rabbits using the purified PBP as immunogen. The titer and specificity of the antisera were determined by Western blot.

RESULTS
The 720 bp PBP gene was amplified, cloned, and expressed in E.coli. The expressed product existed in the bacterial inclusion body and the supernatant of the bacteria lysate. The purified PBP reached electrophoretic purity. The rabbit antibody against PBP was prepared and its titer was about 1:1,600. Western blot analysis showed that the antibody could bind to the expressed PBP protein specifically.

CONCLUSION
The PBP protein was expressed in E.coli and rabbit antibody against PBP was prepared successfully, which lays the foundation for further study on the structure and biological function of PBP.


This paper is a critical review of human reliability analysis methods and techniques as applied in current probabilistic safety assessments of nuclear power plants. Practitioners continue to rely on concepts, data and methodologies that have seen relatively little change since the early 1970s, however. The generic human reliability data developed for the seminal 1975 Reactor Safety Study is still being used. Using the review insights, the paper develops recommendations for using plant-specific information from operator training and procedure validation in the human reliability analysis applications.


The study about contraceptive for adult especially for men that the numbers were limited, so needed the ingredients contraceptive is derived from a plant. One of the plants that potentially becomes contraceptive is ngor eggplant because contains antifertility substances. The research has been done about granting of ngor eggplant extract inhibiting spermatogenesis in mice. The design of research used random post-test control group design by one group control, three groups by treatment and six times doing treatment again. (T0 = control group, T1 = granting extract 15%, T2 = granting extract 20%, T3 = granting extract 25%). This treatment has been done in 36 days. The result of this research showed the granting ngor eggplant extract to T1 could reduce the number of cells spermatocyte primary pakhiten and cells spermatids 7 & 19 by meaningful (P<0,05). In T2 and T3 could reduce the number spermatogonia A cells, spermatocyte primary pakhiten cells and spermatids 7 & 19 cells (P<0,05).


A study of the infrared spectra of isotopically enriched carbon disulfide in the region 3-5 ..mu..m obtained at 0.01-cm/sup -1/ resolution led to the identification and interpretation of two new band systems of /sup 12/C/sup 32/S/sup 34/S, 02/sup 0/1 reverse arrow 00/sup 0/0 and 03/sup 1/1 reverse arrow 01/sup 1/0. For the (nu/sub 1/ + nu/sub 3/) bands of /sup 12/C/sup 32/S/sup 34/S, /sup 12/C/sup 32/S/sup 33/S, /sup 12/C/sup 32/S/sub 2/, and /sup 13/C/sup 32/S/sub 2/ which also appeared in the spectra recorded, improved molecular constants were obtained for the levels involved.


In the 21 st century, with the increasing levels of globalisation in hotel industry, hotel companies will need to learn different management approaches to survive and develop in environmental circumstances with high levels of uncertainty as well as understand the implication of future impacts, both positive and negative, of the changing environment in which they operate. As international trade and business expand, there is no question that international linkage will become more important for the hotel industry. This essay focuses on globalisation in the hotel industry and explains how the increasing levels of globalisation, in this particular industry may affect the internal operating environment (e.g. organisational culture, structure, management styles etc.) of hotel companies.


Hjorth's EEG parameters are computed. 1. using a method in the time domain (realized in a hybrid manner by means of an analog computer), 2. by means of spectral analysis. The concordance is within the range of the precision of measurement. With this result Hjorth's descriptors present themselves for parameter reduction of the EEG-spectra.


The article is devoted to the main problems businessmen have to make contracts of various kinds, as well as the issues that require special attention when making civil contracts at the present stage. Recommendations are given to minimize the risk of negative legal consequences while making these legal acts.


LAP/C/EBP b is a member of the C/EBP family of transcription factors and is involved in hepatocyte-specific gene expression. Recently we showed that, besides its posttranscriptional regulation, LAP/C/EBP b mRNA is modulated during liver regeneration. Therefore, in this study we investigated mechanisms which control LAP/C/EBP b gene transcription. Deletion analysis of the 5 * -flanking region, located upstream of the start site of transcription in the LAP/C/EBP b gene, demonstrated that a small region in close proximity to the TATA box is important in maintaining a high level of transcription of the luciferase reporter gene constructs. In gel shift experiments two sites were identified which are important for specific complex formation within this region. Further analysis by cross-linking, super shift, and competition experiments was performed with liver cell nuclear extracts, hepatoma cell nuclear extracts, or recombinant CREB protein. These experiments conclusively demonstrated that CREB binds to both sites in the LAP/C/EBP b promoter with an affinity similar to that with the CREB consensus sequence. Transfection experiments with promoter constructs where the CREB sites were mutated showed that these sites are important to maintain both basal promoter activity and LAP/C/EBP b inducibility through CREB. Northern blot analysis and runoff transcription assays demonstrated that the protein kinase A pathway not only stimulated the activity of the luciferase reporter construct but also the transcription of the endogenous LAP/C/EBP b gene in different cell types. Western blot analysis of rat liver cell nuclear extracts and runoff transcription assays of rat liver cell nuclei after two-thirds hepatectomy showed a functional link between the induction of CREB phosphorylation and LAP/C/EBP b mRNA transcription during liver regeneration. These results demonstrate that the two CREB sites are important to control LAP/C/EBP b transcription in vivo. As several pathways control CREB phosphorylation, our results provide evidence for the transcriptional regulation of LAP/C/EBP b via CREB under different physiological conditions. D transcriptional inhibition experiments, was ap- proximately 3.5 h (data not shown). This difference raises the possibility that an additional mechanism may stabilize LAP/C/ EBP b mRNA after forskolin treatment. Our final experiments showed the functional link between CREB Ser133 phosphorylation and increased LAP/C/EBP b gene transcription during liver regeneration. Western blot analysis of rat liver cell nuclear extracts with a phospho-specific (Ser133) antibody showed strong Ser133 phosphorylation of CREB 4 h after two-thirds hepatectomy. Runoff transcription assays with rat liver cell nuclei resulted in a nearly 2.5-fold increase in LAP/C/EBP b transcription at the same time point. These experiments indicate that the two CREB sites in the LAP/C/EBP b promoter are important in increasing LAP/C/ EBP b mRNA during liver regeneration. The cAMP-PKA signal cascade leads to the phosphorylation of CREB at Ser133 and therefore to enhanced transcription of CREB-dependent target genes (13). An increase in hepatic cAMP is described in the early transition phase during liver regeneration when hepa-tocytes are triggered by several growth-regulatory mechanisms to leave the G 0 state and enter the cell cycle (11, 43). The exact pathway which leads to high cAMP levels is not yet defined, but high levels of growth factors like hepatocyte growth factor (23) or cytokines, e.g., transforming growth factor a (29, 33) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) (41) are found. The increase in CREB Ser133 phosphorylation shown by Western blot analysis corre-lates with the rise in cAMP levels (11). These observations show that during liver regeneration the cAMP-PKA signal pathway may regulate CREB phosphorylation and thereby in- crease LAP/C/EBP b transcription.


T gate structure is traditionally manufactured with a valley in its head, which requires the thickness of the head layer to thicker than the height of foot layer. As is presented in this paper, an innovative submicron fabrication process is investigated for T gate structures to construct a flat head in order to get rid of that constraint. In detail, the reason why conventional T gate fabrication cannot manufacture a flat head is analyzed, and then a general process for flat head T gate structure is proposed considering various resist and structure materials. After that, a typical submicron sample has been manufactured using aluminum and NiTi. Furthermore, the particular photo resists and recipes adopted in that sample are considered. To clearly illustrate the proposed technique as well as verify its feasibility, top views of the structure under optical microscope along with the measurement results of thickness after every step are recorded. According to those experimental results, the valley in T gate's head is proved to be avoided during fabrication.


In a recent joint publication by UNDP Asia-Pacific Regional Centre and United Nations Human Settlement Program UN-Habitat Bangkok "Addressing Urban Poverty, Inequality, and Vulnerability in a Warming World" the same issues were presented. The unanimity of goals is as striking as it is challenging. Will Thailand and its ASEAN neighbors be able to take the lead in introducing legislation and follow up in daily practice on implementing necessary measures that will turn the tide in Asian urban development?


any real estate litigator's arsenal. This is because recording such an instrument in Official Records typically renders the affected landowner's title uninsurable, thus giving the recording party enormous leverage in settling any disputes. In recent decades, the perceived unfairness of lis pendens procedure has resulted in a number of legislative reforms, all of which have sought to protect landowners from being blackmailed by unmeritorious lis pendens recordings. As this article is intended to demonstrate, the lis pendens pendulum has now swung too far in landowners' favor. Unless legislative changes are made to further amend the existent lis pendens law, no sensible lawyer should participate in recording such an instrument, lest both the lawyer and his or her client later incur slander of title liability to the affected landowner.


We design and optimize the sandwiched three port grating based on metal mirror configuration under normal incidence. By using the rigorous coupled wave analysis, grating parameters are analyzed and calculated incl uding grating groove depth, thickness of connecting layer, and so on. Such a new grating is aimed to separate energies into the 0th and the ±1st orders for both TE and TM polarizations. Based on the optimized grating parameters, efficiencies can reach more than 32% for each port with the polarization independent property. It indicates that reflection three port beam splitter with high efficiency can be obtained by the sandwiched grating.


The cobordism theories that arise by considering manifolds whose stable normal bundle has category k are introduced. Using these theories, we define a new filtration of the homotopy groups of spheres. We study the filtration and obtain an upper bound for the filtration of elements in the stable n-stem.


FIELD: devices for installation of optical sights on weapon. SUBSTANCE: the assembly components represent clamping pins with shoulders projecting outside turned to the position of disengagement, in the position of disengagement of the clamping pins the shoulders entry the recesses between the projecting inside shoulders of the receiving holes, and in the fixing position of the clamping pins they are pressed to the shoulders from the bottom. EFFECT: a device that is simple in handling is produced, which provides for a precise and reliable installation of the sight without any labour-consuming adjustment. 12 cl, 5 dwg


Magnetic Resonance Images (MRI) are usually prone to noise like Rician and Gaussian noise. It is very difficult to perform image processing functions with the presence of noise. The objective of our work is to investigate the best method for denoising the MRI images. This study included 25 MRI subjects selected from the Open Access Series of Imaging Studies (OASIS) - 3 database. The 25 brain image subjects includes cases of both men and women aged 60 to 80. The input RGB image is first converted to gray scale image in which the contrast, sharpness, shadow and structure of the color of image are preserved. The proposed work uses an improved Gaussian smoothing technique for denoising Magnetic Resonance Images by constructing a modified mask for Gaussian smoothing. The performance of the proposed technique has been compared with various filters like median filter, Gaussian filter and Gabor filter. The performance evaluation was carried out by metrics like Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), Mean Square Error (MSE) and Structural Similarity (SSIM) index. The experimental results show that the Improved Gaussian Smoothing Technique (IGST) performs better than other methods. All experiments were conducted using Scikit Learn version 0.20 and Scikit Image version 0.14.1 under Python version 3.6.7.


Objective To discuss the diagnosis and treatment of traumatic posterior shoulder dislocation. Methods Five traumatic posterior shoulder dislocation cases admitted to our department from May 2005 to October 2010 were analyzed retrospectively. Among the five cases, two cases were diagnosed as acute traumatic posterior shoulder dislocation after epileptic seizure and traffic accident respectively. One of the two diagnosed cases was treated by close reduction and the other was treated by open reduction. The third case with an onset after alcohol withdrawal was misdiagnosed. The other two patients were also misdiagnosed in ER of other hospitals and diagnosed correctly in our department. Among these three cases, two were treated by open reduction with modified McLaughlin procedure, and the other one gave up. Results Five cases were followed-up from two to four years with an average time of 32 months. Evaluated by the UCLA scoring system, the case with early close reduction scored 33 at the end, the case of early open reduction scored 31, and the other two cases with modified McLaughlin procedure scored 27 and 30. The one without reduction scored only 22, but he was satisfied with the result. Conclusion Lack of recognization is the most important cause of missed diagnosis of traumatic posterior shoulder disolocation. Excellent or good shoulder function depends on early diagnosis and treatment.


Monkeys (Macaca mu atta) vaccinated by subcutaneous injection in the forearm with from 10 to 10 viable Coccidioidas imnitis arthrospores were protected against respiratory challenge with approximately 7000 viable arthrospores administered six months after vaccination. Protection was evident from: the healthy appearance throughout four months post-respiratory challenge; negative chest X-rays at 15, 30, 60, and 120 days; and only very minor histopathological pulmonary changes on autopsy at 120 days, with negativo lung cultures in 80 pex cant o£f the arlmals. This was in striking contrast to the outward clinical appeoawanee of severe d-,A.ts* (1-sg of WtJm-r.accelerated respiration, severe coughing, general debilitation); positive X-rays; massive pulmonary destruction, p"Itive lung cultures and deth oaf five of nine of the monkeys that were unvaccinated or had received nonviable arthrospore vaccines. The appearance of spherules (very few in number, accompanied by very minor pathological changes) in the lung& of some of the "dissemination controls" (subcutaneous viable vaccination without respiratory challenge) indicated possible dissemination from the primary cutaneous infection, although oral transmission from the cutaneous lesions could not be ruled out.


Using dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) technique, the aging of stator insulation in two generators (300 MW, 18 kV) after 18 year and 23 year periods of operation respectively was investigated. The 8 temperature spectra of DMA were measured. According to the typical temperature spectra, several parameters of DMA were calculated. The results show that the parameters might be used to characterize the aging of stator insulation in large generators.


HIV and AIDS have brought an unprecedented crisis to all those engaged in the provision of health and social services. Conventional wisdom and old methods have had to be discarded; new problems have called for new information and new skills. This text provides a major evaluation of the challenge of AIDS. An array of contributors, all of whom have international reputations in their field, present a synthesis of the wide variety of issues in this complex debate. The book charts the development of the epidemic, and looks in detail at the different strategies being implemented around the world to try and contain it. It also assesses the implications for future prevention of the spread of HIV among drug injectors.


This study addresses the gap in the literature on the experiences of young widows and contributes to the fields of bereavement counseling and identity development. A narrative perspective of bereavement grounded the phenomenological approach of this study, which offered a context for young widows to share the descriptions of their experiences in their own words. Counselors will benefit from understanding the unique situation young widows experience as they navigate the trauma of their loss—specifically, what facilitated their process of understanding and consequently reconstructing their identity and how they engaged the task of meaning reconstruction.


Sergei Eisenstein is considered one of the most influential film makers and film theoreticians of our time. His Methods of Montage ("The Intellectual Cinema") is widely known, and probably mentione ...


During the past 10 years we have screened by electrophoresis 126,000 subjects from Northern Calabria for hemoglobinopathies, and identified 36 subjects belonging to 24 unrelated families as carriers of a hemoglobin (Hb) with a mobility slower than Hb A. Structural analysis has identified it as Hb D-Iran [β22(B4)Glu→ Gln], which was first described in 1973 (1). However, as early as in 1959 one of us discovered an abnormal Hb in Italy, which was electrophoretically identified as Hb D but was not specifically characterized (2).


In the previous lecture, we introduced arrays into the language. We modeled arrays as functions, and updated the semantics of terms to account for their behavior. We got plenty of practice using array terms in a proof, as we verified the functionality of the familiar binary search routine. Through a fairly lengthy derivation, we arrived at a suitable loop invariant, and proved its correctness. This entire discussion was missing something crucial about arrays, namely that they can be updated as the program executes and subsequently read. In this lecture, we will continue defining the semantics of arrays, focusing on updates. We will introduce a notion of function updating that we will use to model array updates, and see that this allows us to avoid the tricky matter of aliasing to some extent. We will then introduce axioms to help us reason about programs that update arrays, and gain some further experience using the axioms on a non-trivial program.


Deposition of amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides into amyloid plaques is the hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. According to the amyloid cascade hypothesis this deposition is an early event and primary cause of the disease, however, the mechanisms that cause this deposition remain elusive. An increasing amount of evidence shows that the interactions of biometals can contribute to the fibrillization and amyloid formation by amyloidogenic peptides. From different anions the copper ions deserve the most attention since it can contribute not only toamyloid formation but also to its toxicity due to the generation of ROS. In this thesis we focus on the affinity and stoichiometry of copper(II) binding to the Aβ molecule.


Abstract: This article contributes insights that engineering managers can use to cultivate organizational learning through competition. Contemporary firms face the challenge of successfully translating quality improvements into sustainable competitive advantages. Organizational learning is crucial to making quality improvements sustainable. This case study examined the mechanisms used to achieve organizational learning in a large-scale quality improvement competition. Thirty-four project teams from an international electronics company were included in this study. The results show that benchmarking and retrieval of electronic information were the most common methods used to acquire learning inputs. Knowledge transfer was most frequently achieved through training and adoption of internal specifications. Finally, learning was most frequently applied through formal changes to manufacturing methods and project management procedures.


By evaluating the effects of positive financial policy which is adopted by the government, this paper points out the key of positive financial policy must be transferred from government's investment expenditure to non-governmental investment.


In order to improve multivariate public key cryptosystem (MPKC) performance,a series of optimizations were presented to deal with the main problems of MPKC realization.Matrix strategies for simplifying the operations on finite field L were investigated.A new calculation method for multiplication on field K based on BitSlice and composite field was presented.A technique for sparse matrix compression was used to reduce data storage space.These methods were applied to SFLASH,and the results show that both signing speed and verifying speed improved by two times while the storage cost decreased by 50% compared with the data of NESSIE.


Various situations are described where the construction of exact solutions of nonlinear ordinary and partial differential equations leads to overdetermined systems of ODEs with parameters that are not included in the original differential equations. A non-classical problem for ordinary differential equations with parameters is formulated and the concept of the conditional capacity of an exact solution is introduced. The method for investigating overdetermined systems of two ODEs of any order on consistency, which eventually leads to algebraic equations with parameters, is presented. A general description of the method of differential constraints with respect to ordinary differential equations is given and many specific examples of applying this method for obtaining exact solutions are considered. It is shown that the use of the splitting method (and also the method based on the use of invariant subspaces of nonlinear operators) for constructing exact generalized separable solutions of nonlinear PDEs can lead to overdetermined systems of ODEs with parameters. Several nonlinear partial differential equations (including a delay PDE) of higher orders are considered, and their exact solutions are found by analyzing the corresponding overdetermined ODE systems.


The paper presents an architectural approach to designing computational artifacts and interfaces. It does so by identifying overlapping ideals and characteristics in the interaction design concepts of Collective Interaction and Kinesthetic Empathy Interaction with schools of thought in architecture. The implications and qualities of the approach are elaborated upon through concrete examples of design following the lines of the approach. On the basis of this the overlooked potential of designing computational artifacts as architecture is described. The approach both serves as a generative approach to designing spatial interfaces and forms the ground for articulating a critique of spatial interfaces in general as it is the claim of the paper that spatiality as understood in architecture not has been served and taken advantage of in its totality by spatial interaction design so far.


A novel measure for analysis of multivariate signals in the time-frequency-space domain, the normalized Gabor entropy (NGE), is introduced and applied to multichannel intracranial EEG (iEEG) recordings hours prior to seizures onset in two patients with focal epilepsy. NGE profiles showed a statistically significant progressive decrease of NGE values at epileptogenic focus-related channels as time for seizures occurrence approached. This result implies the progressive appearance of dominant Gabor atoms in the EEG tens of minutes prior to seizures, the detection and monitoring of which could further assist with improvement of the performance of seizure prediction algorithms.


Diammonium tricyanomelaminate dihydrate [NH4]2[C6N9H] · 2 H2O (1) and dimelaminium tricyanomelaminate melamine dihydrate [C3N6H7]2[C6N9H] · C3N6H6 · 2 H2O (2) were obtained by metathesis reactions from Na3[C6N9] in aqueous solution and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and 15N solid-state NMR spectroscopy (1). Both salts contain mono-protonated tricyanomelaminate (TCM) anions and crystallize as dihydrates. Considering charge balance requirements, the crystal structure of 1 (C2/c, a = 3181.8(6) pm, b = 360.01(7) pm, c = 2190.4(4) pm, β = 112.39(3)°, V = 2319.9(8) 106 · pm3) can best be described by assuming a random distribution of an ammonium ion – crystal water pair over two energetically similar sites. Apart from two melaminium cations, 2 (P21/c, a = 674.7(5) pm, b = 1123.6(5) pm, c = 3400.2(5) pm, β = 95.398(5), V = 2566(2) 106 · pm3) contains one neutral melamine per formula unit acting as an additional "solvent" molecule and yielding a donor-acceptor type of π–stacking interaction.


This paper has reported a system developed for continuously measuring PV maximum power point (MPP) at high speed. The preliminary results obtained with the system show that MPP power is directly proportional to the insolation, while MPP voltage does not change much with the insolation. With the preliminary results, we inferred that the optimum MPPT time intervals for fine, cloudy and rainy days are about 35s, 7s and 15 s, respectively.


The Burmese cyclone and the Chinese earthquake in May this year focused attention on the hugely important role that armed forces may play in responding to major humanitarian emergencies. Political sensitivities and pre-existing conflicts in affected regions may complicate, or even prevent, military deployments for humanitarian and disaster relief (HADR) operations. However, this type of role will inevitably grow in importance as armed forces develop their deployment capabilities and natural disasters occur with greater frequency.


Using junction-space-charge techniques, a deep centre with excited states has been studied in undoped MOVPE n-type GaP grown under high phosphorus pressure. The ground-state and excited-state energy positions have been determined to be 0.82 and 0.16 eV below the conduction-band edge respectively. The photoionisation cross section for electrons shows a pronounced photo-thermal excitation behaviour. The kinetic properties of electron excitation and recombination are analysed using a model for two-step excitation. A method for determining the thermal activation energy of the dominant excited state is described. Comparing the results with those published previously, a possible relation of the centre to Ni(d9) is discussed.


In May 1929 illegal Communist demonstrations in Berlin led to several days' fighting as the Prussian police sought to restore order. Over thirty civilians were killed. Communist publications hailed events as an heroic defeat, in which lessons had been learned for the 'final struggle' to come; the Social Democrats hailed a decisive victory over Bolshevik aggression. Liberals expressed concern at the soverity of police action; National Socialists expressed sinister satisfaction at a significant portent of the distintegration of social and political stability. Above all, the dramatic events of Blutmai ('Bloody May') reinforced an element of emotional tension in Weimar and Prussian politics of great importance in understanding the final collapse of 1933.


In 1611, Lope de Vega composed two plays that center on the issue of the inheritance of a crown by a female: La discordia en los casados and El mejor mozo de España. The works have not previously been studied together. Discordia seems to highlight the defects inherent in female rule while Mozo emphasizes its potential. It is my contention that, in spite of the seemingly different conclusions each draws on the issue, these plays were intended as companion pieces. Further, only by a comparative study can we truly begin to understand Lope's views on the subject of female governance. This article explores the issues of female rule raised by these two works, primarily the choice of mate, the qualities each husband embodies, and the behavior of the females themselves. Early scenes in both plays deal with the question of the marriage of a future female head of state. In Discordia, the fictional Elena, Duchess of Cleves, has inherited the Duchy at the death of her father. She marries Albano, King of Frisia, because her subjects want a king. Mozo, in turn, is a dramatized account of the historical events leading Isabel of Castile to choose Fernando of Aragon as her mate. This account, however, is more poetic than historic, in Aristotelian terms; the fictional Elena and Albano in Discordia are in many ways a truer reflection of the historical Isabel and Fernando than are the dramatic renderings of them in Mozo. Taken together, these plays present "imágenes desdobladas" of both Isabel and Fernando. Criticism is made of the "fictional" king and queen, not the "historical" ones, yet through the criticism Lope, in fact, censures the historical Catholic Monarchs. In the final analysis, Lope makes clear that in order to be a successful head of state, a woman must remain within the boundaries of accepted female behavior and have at her side a worthy, humble man in a union sanctioned by God. (DO)


A novel method for incorporating constraints and default models into neural networks is presented. The method involves a parallel arrangement of a default model and a radial basis function network. The training procedure accounts for equality and inequality constraints that must be satisfied for all future inputs to the network. In the case of linear equality constraints and no inequality constraints, training is reduced to a quadratic problem possessing an analytical solution. The extrapolation properties of the model-based network are controllable to a greater extent than previous network models.


This paper argues that human trafficking is an endemic crime with serious consequences for Namibia and other southern African countries. It considers the crime as a form of illicit financial flow and shows how it impacts on national and human security as well as democratic governance. Through content analysis of relevant documents it provides working definitions of human trafficking, illicit financial flow, democratic governance and security as well as highlighting the link between human trafficking and organized criminality. The two-dimensional flows of illicit finance from human trafficking are discussed and ways in which these flows aid and abate the corruption of law enforcing agencies, border agencies and the judiciary of a state are shown. The paper submits that corruption of public and private institutions produces damaging effects on national economies and invariably affects the well-being of citizens negatively. With regard to human security, the paper points out that the exercise of coercive and exploitative control over human trafficking victims deprives them of agency as members of the human family. Illicit financial flows emanating from human trafficking sustain and reinforce this control. Based on these, the paper recommends that adequate measures be put in place to curb human trafficking and the illicit financial flows that it generates.


We have studied the frequency of second primary malignancies (SPM) among the 2,328 children registered in 1967–1989 at the Childhood Cancer Registry of Piedmont, the largest population‐based childhood cancer registry in Southern Europe. Since the population of Piedmont is not served by a conventional cancer registry covering all ages, SPMs were identified through a number of ad hoc surveys within a variety of sources. Eighteen SPM (all histologically diagnosed) were observed after a thorough survey conducted in the oncological departments in Piedmont and after a postal questionnaire addressed to general practitioners. Death certificates were also examined. The crude incidence rate was 116.5 per 100,000 person‐years. Risk was higher among children whose first malignancy was diagnosed more recently (SIR=9.8 for diagnoses in 1983–1989 vs. 4.5 for diagnoses in 1967–1974). The same tendency was confirmed in analyses restricted to children in whom leukemia was diagnosed as the first cancer. Clinical data regarding the treatment of the first malignancy were available for 16 children out of 18:15 had received chemotherapy and 12 radiotherapy (9 SPM originated in the irradiation field). The interest of measuring the risk of SPM on a population basis (and not only in clinical series) and the advantage of close cooperation between epidemiologists and clinical oncologists are underlined. © 1996 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Survival 10 years after orthotopic liver transplantation now approaches 65%. Consequently, community doctors must manage the metabolic and neoplastic complications of orthotopic liver transplantation in an ageing population.


Although noise thermometry is an established technique for absolute temperature measurement, several aspects needed to be clarified before this method can be employed for temperature measurement in a space furnace at 1800°C. First, the electrical insulation resistance for sheathed sensors with different insulation materials were measured. Five test sensors with outer diameters of 3.2 mm or less were fabricated and tested. The measurements clearly show a significant advantage for the pyrolytic boron nitride (pBN) insulation compared to Hafnium oxide. The electrical insulation resistance values at 1800°C for the sensors with HfO2 were below 10 Ω, whereas pBN‐insulated test sensors exhibited values of more than 600 Ω for the same diameter. Furthermore, no difference has been found between the resistance of bent and straight sensors. Based on these results a miniaturised and bent noise thermometer with a diameter of 3.2 mm having a pBN insulation was fabricated. This sensor and additional control thermocouples were subjected to performance tests up to 1800°C in a space‐compatible furnace. All sensor readings exhibited a consistent figure during the tests. The noise thermometer, however, showed always the highest reading indicating that noise thermometry is an appropriate method for accurate measurements of absolute temperatures, even in the harsh environment of a compact multi‐zone space furnace.


Objective Assessing the effects of defluoride of drinking water.Methods The dental fluorosis were examined , urine fluoride and water fluoride were determined in the Wu-po village in the Cheng-cheng country and in the Ba-yi village Gu-shi hometown in the Lin-wei country where defluoride of drinking water has been 10 years.Results In the wu-po village, the dental fluorosis rate was 37.57%, the dental fluorosis index was 0.68, the water and urine fluoride level were more than the national healthy criterion. In the Ba-yi village, the dental fluorosis rate was 11.61%, the dental fluorosis index was 0.22, the water and urine fluorine level were less than the national healthy criterion. Conclusions The defluoride of drinking water was the basic measure of prevent drinking-fluorosis.


The comparison of various international human rights protection systems is of utmost importance, especially if drawn from different angles, such as the American and the European perspective. I shall contribute to this dialogue with my experience in the most successful and effective regional system of human righ ts protection, at least in Europe – if not worldwide: the European Convention on Human Rights (hereafter referred to as the ECHR or just 'the Convention') with its court based in Strasbourg – the European Court of Human Rights (hereafter referred to as the ECtHR or simply 'the Court'). The drafting of the Convention dates back to the years 1949/50. It entered into force in September 1953. For more than four decades, it provided for a system consisting of two organs; the former Commission and the 'old' nonpermanent Court. However, in the years after the fall of the 'iron curtain', the old system came under pressure, for the simple reason of capacity. The increase of member states led to a dramatic increase in numbers of individual applications. More than 80% of the 837 judgments delivered in the period between 1959 and 1998 were issued between 1990 and 1998. Therefore, in 1998, the ECHR control mechanism was signifi cantly reformed by Protocol No. 11 to the Convention: a single full-time Court of Human Rights was established and a right to individual petition for direct recourse to the ECtHR introduced. Further amendments to the system were


In hydrological modelling, it is important to consider the uncertainties related to a model's structures and parameters when different hydrological models are used to represent a system. Therefore, an adequate analysis of daily discharge forecasts that takes into account the performance of hydrological models can assist in identifying the best extreme discharge forecasts. In this context, this study aims to evaluate the performance of three hydrological models—Lavras Simulation of Hydrology (LASH), Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC), and Distributed Hydrological Model (MHD-INPE) in the Verde River basin. The results demonstrate that LASH and MHD can accurately simulate discharges, thereby establishing them as crucial tools for managing water resources in the study region's basins. Moreover, these findings could serve as a cornerstone for future studies focusing on food and water security, particularly when examining their connection to climate change scenarios.


This experience report describes ongoing research into developing a machine learning classifier that can track high quality written feedback during peer review sessions. The purpose of such a classifier is to distill the rhetorical performances of reviewers as a function of reviewing "moves," which can focus writer attention to key reviewer evaluations and recommendations and account for global and individual reviewer performance in peer commenting sessions. To these ends, we apply a state of the art zero-shot classification pipeline, requiring no training data, to the task of classifying peer review moves and relay our evaluations of classifier accuracy and viability.


Image fusion plays an important role in medical diagnosis. Multimodal image Fusion is, acquiring medical images from various imaging modalities like CT, MRI,PET,SPECT etc. and the images are combined together(fuse) using NSCT algorithm followed by combining low- and high-frequency components. Here two different fusion rules based on phase congruency and directive contrast are proposed and used to fuse low- and high-frequency coefficients. Finally, the fused image is constructed by the inverse NSCT. The output contains relevant information which is compared with the results obtained from the wavelet fusion algorithm. Here, parameters like RMSE, PSNR (Peak Signal Noise Ratio), are measured, which result in the accurate analysis of the multimodality imaging. Index Terms—Multimodal medical image fusion, nonsubsampled contour transform, phase congruency, directive contrast.


This article deals with Australian copyright law discussing copyright in broadcasts. Particular reference is made to the so-called 'Panel case' which is the first Australian case mentioning the substantiality test as the criterion of infringement of copyright in television broadcasts.


The culway weigh in motion system is a prime example of a recently developed electronic data acquisition system capable of collecting road use data of interest to a wider range of users than that for which it was originally developed. Wider interest reflects the system's capability of collecting data on a broad range of vehicle characteristics and producing outputs in formats suitable for further analysis. Because of the large quantities of data that may be collected on a regular basis formal arrangements for data collection and transfer may need to be developed, and charges to users for services rendered may need to be levied. Failure to develop such procedures and processes may lead to the eventual loss of significant quantities of data. As more sophisticated roadside data acquisition systems combining the capabilities of culway and other systems will no doubt be developed in the future, there are advantages in developing methods of locating and servicing potential secondary data users now, rather than later (a).


This paper makes a stylistic study of the oeuvre of the French-Polish filmmaker Roman
Polanski from recurrences founded in staging – and understanding the staging as the relation
between bodies and spaces in the images of a film. Starting with an analysis that identifies the
penetration of reality in the Polanski's scene, the study permeates the questions presents in the
placement of the bodies in the space to reach the staging of the own body as an expressive
subject.


The effects of venture capital on enterprise IPO are mainly concentrated in two aspects that are certification supervision and signal transfer effect. Many foreign scholars who used the empirical data of developed capital market found that price discount of entrepreneurs supported by venture capital is lower than entrepreneurship-a startup company unsupported by venture capital. However, some Chinese scholars through using empirical data of Growth Enterprises Market find: whether venture capital participating in enterprise or not, IPO discount rates do not differ significantly. Based on operation structure of China' s securities market, using the signal game and two stage game model, this paper explores deep reason for the weak effect of initial certification supervision to Chinese venture investment in IPO.


Commemorating the centenary of the spoken drama's introduction into China in 1907, the essay takes up several major themes in Chinese theatre over the last hundred years, such as its political and social implications and the tension between foreign and indigenous influences. The essay argues that drama in China during these years can be viewed largely as a microcosm of history, with politics having more impact on drama than the other way around. It also argues that change outweighs continuity, with foreign influences being stronger than indigenous and becoming more so, despite the persistence of nationalism.This article is the text of the Asian Theatre Journal Lecture, given in New Orleans on 27 July 2007 as part of the Association for Asian Performance Conference, itself part of the Association for Theatre in Higher Education Conference.


The objective of our work was to maximize the therapeutic efficacy of Atrovastatin by developing oil in water (o/w) nanoemulsion to increase its poor solubility and consequently enhance the oral bioavailability. The aim of investigation was to rectify the first-pass metabolism of Atorvastatin, using preparation of nanoemulsion as a prominent delivery system. Olive oil, surfactant (tween 80, tween 40, tween 20) and co-surfctants including polyethylene glycol was selected after solubility studies. Then pseudo-ternary phase diagram with surfactant/ cosurfactant ratio of 1:1, 2:1, 3:1 and 4:1 were constructed and spontaneous emulsification method. Titration method was used to optimize the Atorvastatin loaded nanoemulsions. The prepared nanoemulsion was characterized by globule size, refractive index, partition coefficient, viscosity, drug entrapment efficiency, in vitro drug release studies. Optimised nanoemulsion obtained was composed of olive oil (8.5 %w/w), tween 80 (11.5 %w/w) and water (80 %w/w). The results obtained showed an average globule size. The Optimized formulation showed an improvement in solubility of Atorvastatin. The use of pseudo-ternary phase diagram allows obtaining an optimal nanoemulsion with perfect stability for three months and a better solubilization capacity of Atorvastatin.


The invention discloses a method and system of test cases surely needing to perform regression testing. The method is used for determining K test cases needing the regression testing from M test cases and particularly includes: processing development codes to obtain S functions covered in the development codes; determining N modified functions from the S functions, wherein N is an integral smaller than or equal to S; building a function covering corresponding relation of the M test cases and the S functions; and determining K test cases corresponding to the N functions from the M test cases based on the corresponding relation. By means of the technical scheme, the testing range of the regression testing can be accurately determined, and the testing efficiency of the regression testing is further improved.


The invention relates to a traditional Chinese medical composition for treating bone fracture, which comprises the following raw materials by weight: 18g of hylonoma euphorbia root, 10g of elderberry, 10g of radix bupleuri, 5g of pangolin, 12g of achyranthes root, 15g of eucommia, 12g of safflower, 12g of Ligusticum wallichii, 10g of buck grass, 8g of spatholobus stem, 15g of radix paeoniae rubrathe, 6g of Peach Seed, 10g of ground beetle, 15g of speranskia herb, 20g of pyrite, 9g of catechu, 15g of glutinous rehmannia, 10g of epimeddium, 15g of Radix Astragali, 30g of Chinese angelica, 12g of radix sileris, 15g of dragons blood, 10g of myrrh, 12g of frankincense, 5g of pseudo-ginseng, 6g of keel, 25g of sappan wood, 20g of radix dipsaci, 18g of rhizoma drynariae and 25g of honeysuckle flower. Proved by clinical practices, the traditional Chinese medical composition for treating bone fracture is suitable for treating closed fractures and comminuted fractures of every part of human body, and is capable of relaxing muscles and tendons and stimulating the circulation of the blood, removing blood stasis for promoting tissue regeneration, relieving pain and bleeding, so that the traditional Chinese medical composition has low cost and substantial curative effect, and has wide application prospect.


: The peasant uprising in Pakistan was a significant event in the late 1960s due to the involvement of feudal lords, bureaucracy, and military regimes. The North Hashtnagar peasants' uprising was successful enough to win the support of left-wing politicians and brought about positive advancements such as Kisan associations, political awareness of peasants, peasants' courts, and by-laws. The MKP continued its struggle and became the great party of the labourers and peasants, and the Mazdoor Kisan Party pledged to establish labour and peasant courts to abolish absentee landlords and unlimited ownership of land for the greater well-being of the working class. To counterbalance the power of the peasants, landlords started their political uprising and introduced multiple political parties to divide the peasants' power. The peasant uprising was divided into two factions, with each faction claiming to be the genuine one, and had a significant association with politically motivated peasants inspired by Marxism and Maoism. The study investigated that there was a significant correlation between politics and the peasant's uprising. It is recommended that peasants should have a voice in government and decision-making structures to bring peace and harmony among the various stakeholders. It can make them feel as if their opinions are valued and heard.


(1) Background: The purpose of this study was to examine discrepancies in self-proxy agreement of biopsychosocial factors and the influence of objective well-being and psychosocial resources influence self and proxy appraisals of subjective well-being in older care recipients.
(2) Methods: Seventy-two care recipient-proxy dyads rated the biopsychosocial health of non-cognitively impaired older adults.
(3) Results: Proxies underestimated functional ability, psychosocial factors, and overrated negative health outcomes compared to older care recipient's. Older care recipient ratings of place attachment ( = .39, p < .01) and relationship quality ( = .39, p < .01) were significant predictors of their subjective well-being. Proxies focused on both objective well-being and psychosocial resources to rate the older care recipient's well-being, especially in quality of life (R2 = .87, adj. R2 = .82).
(4) Conclusions: These findings indicate that discrepancies may exist between care recipient-proxy ratings of health due to focusing on different components of well-being.


. Standard least squares analysis of autoregressive moving-average (ARMA) processes with errors-in-variables entails the construction of a new set of parameters which are functions of the original ARMA parameters, and requires that derivatives of these new parameters of order three or less with respect to the ARMA parameters exist and be bounded. The boundedness of these derivatives in turn depends critically on the nonsingularity of a matrix B which is a function of the ARMA parameters via the new parameters in the model. A particular version of the classical Schur–Cohn algorithm enables us to establish this nonsingularity.


This study investigated the relationship between children's perception of parents as loving or rejecting and the general emotional adjustment of these children. Emotional adjustment was reflected by behavior within a regular classroom as observed by the teacher and by performance on a projective personality test.


Trapping of single ultracold atoms is an important tool for applications ranging from quantum computation and communication to sensing. However, most experimental setups, while very precise and versatile, can only be operated in specialized laboratory environments due to their large size, complexity and high cost. Here, we introduce a new trapping concept for ultracold atoms in optical tweezers based on micrometer-scale lenses that are 3D printed onto the tip of standard optical fibers. The unique properties of these lenses make them suitable for both trapping individual atoms and capturing their fluorescence with high efficiency. In an exploratory experiment, we have established the vacuum compatibility and robustness of the structures, and successfully formed a magneto-optical trap for ultracold atoms in their immediate vicinity. This makes them promising components for portable atomic quantum devices.


The Panton-Valentine leukocidin is associated with staphylococcal skin and pulmonary infections. We describe a school outbreak of skin infections and the public health response to it. Nasal carriage of a Panton-Valentine leukocidin–positive Staphylococcus aureus clone was detected only in previously ill classmates and their family members.


Masses associated with the local topography are a dominant source of short wavelength gravity field variations. In the modeling of the gravity field it is thus an advantage to eliminate the effect of the terrain in a remove-restore procedure. In this process, terrain reductions are computed for the observation stations at the Earth's surface, considering either the complete topography, the topography and its isostatic compensation, or the residual topography (RTM technique). Hence, the reduced gravity field observations are referring to the actual ground level. Therefore, Molodensky's theory, considering data on non-level surfaces, should be applied in the traditional gravity field modeling approaches, while in collocation this is handled directly through height dependent covariance functions. In this paper, we provide numerical examples for the computation of the Molodensky series terms associated with the traditionally unreduced observations as well as in connection with various terrain-reduced data. Due to the smoothing, resulting from the terrain reductions, the magnitude of the Molodensky terms is reduced as well and the series convergence is improved. The computations are based on the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) technique. The numerical tests are done in a mountainous area of the European Alps. The terrain data are on grids with various grid spacings starting at a resolution of 200 m. One of the main goals of this study is to investigate the magnitude of the Molodensky terms with regard to the computation of an improved European quasigeoid model.


BACKGROUND: Simple field tests are often used to assess functional mobility in 21 clinical settings. Despite having many benefits, these tests are susceptible to 22 measurement error and individual variation. 23 OBJECTIVES: To examine the test-retest and absolute reliability of timed up and go 24 test (TUG), five times sit-to-stand (FTSTS), stair climb test (SCT) and 6 minute walk 25 (6MWT). 26 METHODS: Over two sessions, thirty-five subjects (30-74 years), repeated the five 27 tests approximately four weeks apart. Test-retest reliability (intraclass correlations 28 [ICC]) and absolute reliability (95% limit of agreements [95% LOA]; standard error of 29 measurement [SEM] and minimum detectable change [MDC]) were calculated. 30 RESULTS: All five tests had high test-retest reliability (ICC > 0.95) although 31 significant between session changes were present for the TUG and FTSTS (p < 0.05). 32 FTSTS displayed the greatest measurement error whilst 95% LOA was the most 33 conservative measure of absolute reliability. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study indicate that the TUG, FTSTS, SCT and 35 6MWT are reliable when performed four weeks apart. Furthermore, the inclusion of 36 SEM, MDC and 95% LOA provides reference values to aid in identifying changes over 37 time above those of measurement error and individual variation.


We chronologically summarized Hokkaido's winter meteorological conditions and examined warming trends and climatic disturbance trends, based on meteorological records. It was found that temperatures in Hokkaido in recent years have been higher than the average of past years (1961-1970), and the increase in miriimum temperature has been greater than the increase in maximum temperature. Summary and categorization of meteorological charts on heavy rain and snowfall events in winter also confirmed a decrease in the number of such weather events that were caused by winter pressure patterns and an increase in such weather events caused by low pressure. Furthermore, a trial calculation of the degree of effect of increased temperature on runoff in this cold, snowy region indicated that runoff in seasons of snow cover (snow accumulation season and snow melting season) is more strongly influenced by increased temperature than is the runoff in summer.


The tobacco caterpillar, Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) is a serious agricultural insect pest that is increasingly difficult to control in tobacco fields of Southern China. Trap crop plus biological control management system that assembles Colocasia esculenta trap plants and Spodoptera litura nuclear polyhedral virus (SlNPV) is a biologically-based pest management strategy that may effectively manage S. litura. Therefore, studies were conducted to evaluate three management strategies including trap crop plus biological control management system, chemical control and natural control against this pest on tobacco in South China. The results showed that the indices of population trend of 2nd and 3rd generations of S. litura were significantly lower in trap crop plus biological control management system than in natural or chemical control. Additionally, parasitization of S. litura larvae and density of several important predators were higher in trap crop plus biological control management system compared to chemical or natural control Overall, our findings suggest that the combination of trap crop plants plus biological control management system will manage effectively S. litura on tobacco, and we advocate the use of such ecologically-sound management practices to reduce pesticides use in Southern China.


This article examines how the services offered by sector business associations are used and the impact that they offer. A large-scale survey of small- and medium-sized businesses is used to infer how association services operate. An important focus is to determine the level at which the fixed costs of association services are covered: this defines a minimum-size level for associations. This is found to be between one-half and one member of staff per thousand businesses in that sector. This is a fairly low barrier to market entry by an association, which helps to explain the fragmentation of associations. This is further indicated by the existence of declining internal economics of scale and scope for larger association sizes. This suggests that efforts to stimulate association merger and co-operation will continue to meet with limited success.


This communication introduces a novel high-resolution technique for fabricating hydrogel microstructures using photoresist lithography and dry etching. This method alleviates the need for photoinitiators used in conventional approaches and is applicable to a broad range of hydrogels. This technique is also compatible with traditional microfabrication methods, thus allowing the integration of hydrogels with microelectronics and microelectromechanical system microstructures. Environmentally sensitive hydrogels of different shapes and sizes were patterned in a batch scale (wafer-level) with resolutions down to 2.5 μm. The patterned pH-sensitive hydrogels with micron-sized dimensions exhibit volume responses within seconds of change in pH. Deposited aluminum thin films on top of hydrogel microstructures were used to fabricate environmentally sensitive free-standing micromirrors with a vertical displacement sensitivity of 7 μm/pH at pH 5.0. These structures open the possibility of fabricating on-chip photonic-...


Abstract The research is related to machine learning and deep learning (ML/DL) methods for clustering and classification that are compatible with anomaly detection (network attacks detection) in digital forensics. Research is conducted in the field of selecting subsets of features of a dataset useful for constructing a good predictor (classifier). In this study, a new feature selection method for a classifier based on the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method is presented and tested. The proposed step-by-step algorithm for the iterative selection of these features makes it possible to obtain the minimum required list of features that are associated with attack events and can be used to detect them. For the classification, Artificial Neural Network (ANN) method is used. The accuracy of attack detection by the proposed method has been verified in numerical experiments.


【Objective】The effects of covering orchard floors with silvery reflective film(RF)in plastic tunnels on photosynthesis and fruit sugar accumulation of 'Cuiguan' pear were studied to provide a scientific basis for improving light conditions and sugar contents of pear fruit in plastic tunnels.【Method】Silvery RF was laid along the tree line of 10-year-old 'Cuiguan' pears in plastic tunnels,using trees without silvery reflective film as controls.Net photosynthetic rate,fruit weight,fruit sugar accumulation and changes of sucrose-metabolizing enzyme activities were examined.【Result】The treatment of silvery RF significantly increased the net photosynthetic rate of the leaves in lower portion of the canopy,but had little effect on the leaves in the upper.The average fruit weight of 'Cuiguan' pear with RF was significantly higher than that of control at fruit maturity.The content of soluble sugar,especially sucrose in fruit was increased to some extents under the RF treatment.Among the five sucrose-metabolizing enzymes,the sucrose phosphate(SPS) activity in 'Cuiguan' pears with RFs were higher than that of control.However,the neutral invertase(NI) activity was lower than that of control.【Conclusion】The fruit weight and the content of soluble sugar were increased after covering silvery RF in plastic tunnels.


The target of educational supervision can determine the success of an educational institution, among others, students, teachers, curriculum, infrastructure, management, environment and the general situation of the school. The implementation of academic supervision by principals in several schools has not been successful in improving teacher performance. However, at SLB YPPLB Padang, academic supervision has been carried out by the school principal and is able to improve teacher performance. This was caused by several factors including: high school principal professionalism, adequate academic competency of school principals, teachers who were on average ready to be supervised especially teachers in low grades (Class I - IV), principals were able to create good relationship patterns with all components of the school, the principal is able to overcome obstacles in the implementation of academic supervision, and adequate and adequate school infrastructure for teaching and learning activities (KBM). SLB YPPLB Padang has arranged academic supervision program planning, carried out, and followed up on the results of supervision in accordance with what should be.


Background: The human paracentral lobule (PCL) is the medial continuation of the precentral and postcentral gyri. It has important functional area related to the lower limb and perineum. Its visible surface that corresponds to magnetic resonance imaging scout images varies in morphology, so it requires exact data. Studies related to such data are rare. With such a facile, we studied the morphology and morphometry of PCL. Materials and Methods: Fifty formalin-fixed adult human brains dissected in the midsagittal plane were used in this study. First, the morphological types of PCL and its boundary were determined, followed by morphometry of its extrasulcal surface using digital vernier calipers. Measurements were done along the anteroposterior axis (length) and vertical axis (height). In addition to that, the extent of motor and sensory area into PCL was also measured. Results: Three distinct morphological types of PCL were found: continuous (2%), partially segmented (91%), and completely segmented type (7%). In completely segmented type, a short transitional lobulolimbic gyrus was also found in three cases. The mean extrasulcal surface of the left PCL was significantly larger, both in males (left 10.67 cm2 vs. right 8.80 cm2) and in females (left 8.80 cm2 vs. right 6.99 cm2). Irrespective of gender and sidedness, motor area was significantly larger than the sensory area. Conclusion: Reported data will be useful in diagnosis and treatment of diseases affecting the human PCL. Variations in the distribution of sensorimotor cortex over PCL may help further assessment of hemispheric lateralization and the location of central sulcus as a reliable indicator of cytoarchitectonic borders.


We propose a novel architecture for spatially scalable video coding, namely, fine-granularity spatially scalable (FGSS) coding. The traditional layered spatially scalable coding provides only coarse scalability in which the bit-stream can be decoded only at a few fixed resolutions, but not something in between. The proposed FGSS scheme provides a fine-granularity property to the spatial scalability. In this scheme, the bit plane technique is combined with spatial scalability, thus a fine granularity increase in the image quality from low-resolution to high-resolution can be obtained. In addition, the proposed scheme provides a flexible embedded bitstream that can be decoded up to any point in the enhancement layer bitstream from low-resolution to high-resolution. This feature further enables efficient video streaming over the Internet where the scalable bitstream, can adapt to the widely fluctuating bandwidth. The FGSS coding scheme extends new functionalities such as multi-resolution, fine granularity, channel adaptation and error-recovery properties to scalable video coding, thus it can satisfy different user clients with a wide range of channel bandwidth and screen resolution.


In Bull. Amer. Math. Soc. 36 (1930), 762-772, R. Vaidyanathaswamy established a remarkable identity valid for any multiplicative arithmetic function and involving Dirichlet convolution. D. H. Lehmer (Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 33 (1931), 945-952) introduced a very general class of arithmetical convolutions, called b-products, which include the well-known Dirichlet products, Eckford Cohen's unitary convolutions, and in fact Narkiewicz's socalled regular A-convolutions. In this paper, we establish an identical equation valid for multiplicative arithmetic functions and Lehmer's i-convolutions which yields, as special cases, all known identical equations valid for the Dirichlet and unitary convolutions, besides establishing identical equations for several new convolutions.


When crystalline solids undergo plastic deformation, line defects known as dislocations move, multiply, and react with one another. The overall mechanical properties of the crystal in this plastic regime are governed by these dislocation processes. Dislocation dynamics (DD) is a modeling approach that aims to simulate the motion and interaction of these dislocation lines to gain insights concerning the mechanical properties of the material. Dislocation lines are defects whose core widths are at the scale of the crystal lattice. The length scale over which dislocation structures evolve is, however, many orders of magnitude larger than the interatomic distance. A classical example is the formation of dislocation cells; at moderate to large amounts of plastic deformation, dislocation networks are known to form cellular structures, with an average cell size on the order of 1 m (see Fig. 2.1a). Hence, any model which hopes to inform our understanding of bulk plastic deformation—for example, understanding the temperature dependence of the stress–strain curves shown in Fig. 2.1b—must


seriously; it is an attempt to point out small imperfections in an otherwise solid piece of work. The way Kivisto uses and brings to the foreground the people behind the thoughts, however, is disarming. The presentation of biographies makes for a literary style close to a brilliant novel clear, comprehensive, easy to read and fascinating. It also demonstrates in a new way 'the strength of the weak tie', how more or less oddballs, through their marginal positions in academia, the newspapers, nongovernmental organizations, etc. were able to formulate new thought, and often indirectly and slowly, but still profoundly, contribute to political, cultural and social scientific discussion. It should be pointed out that Kivisto, like


The dynamic shear strength of swelling soil is first studied in this paper. Then a mathematical model for the dynamic load induced long-term deformation of remolded swelling soil is developed. The model links the dynamic strength with the static strength, thereby gaining the dynamic stress and the action number of the dynamic stress from the static strength, and at the same time reducing the work amount of the dynamic triaxial experiment to a minimum degree. The values calculated by the model coincide well with those measured in practice.


A new parallel algorithm is given to evaluate a straight line program. The algorithm evaluates a program over a commutative semi-ring R of degree d and size n in time O(log n(log nd)) using M(n) processors, where M(n) is the number of processors required for multiplying n×n matrices over the semi-ring R in O (log n) time.


Every year children are born with variations of sex characteristics that do not fit in the typical definitions for female or male bodies. Because of sex assignment procedures, intersex children are investigated, diagnosed and in many cases "treated" with surgical and hormonal interventions, sometimes irreversible and given without the individual's consent. These procedures pinpoints the ambivalent relationship between the state and the individual. The aim of this study is to examine the discourse about political and medical regulation of intersex children in Sweden and the motives of gender-"normalizing" interventions, focusing on the trade-off between biopolitics and the individual's autonomy. The study uses Michel Foucault's understanding of discourse and his ideas about the construction of the subject and biopolitics. Judith Butler's heterosexual matrix adds another dimension to the analysis. The practical implementation of the discourse analysis is inspired by Ulf Olsson's dissertation and conducted on two official reports ordered by the Swedish Government and two documents used by medical professionals, published between 2007-2017. The study finds that intersexuals are understood as deviant and sick, and sex assignment is constructed as necessary and in the child's best interest. The concluding discussion shows that "normalizing" interventions are a requirement to gain recognition as a human being and receiving Swedish citizenship, a sanction applied for threatening the heterosexual matrix. (Less)


Deverbal nouns pose serious challenges for knowledge-representation systems. We present a method of canonicalizing deverbal noun representations, relying on a rich lexicon of verb subcategorization frames, the WordNet database, a large finite-state network for derivational morphology and a series of heuristics for mapping deverbal arguments onto the arguments of corresponding verbs.1


The Second Republic meant the rise of an intellectual vanguard that sponsored political and social transformation by means of science and culture and was also driven by the desire for literacy and acculturation of the population. It was a time of great cultural splendor called the Silver Age of literature, culture, and science. Women are going to do their share in this process. These women are librarians, intellectual, republican, modern, young, avant-garde, innovative and feminist and formed the first generation of women entering college and doing skilled jobs which began to bear fruit when they entered in the


This paper studies the reliability of mandatory contingent liability disclosure. Contingent liabilities introduce substantial uncertainty about future earnings and the value of the firm, but little public data are available on the demands by external claimants. We use confidential audit adjustments from the Internal Revenue Service for the largest publicly-traded industrial firms to study the reliability of tax contingent liability disclosure. We find that although the content of footnotes disclosing tax contingencies is limited, disclosure is related to the magnitude of the external claim as well as the final settlement of the contingency. This suggests that contingent liability reporting is consistent with SFAS No. 5. Further, we find that firms record a provision for contingent liabilities related to proposed adjustments. This provision, which involves high information asymmetry between shareholders and managers, suggests future research regarding taxes and earnings management.


Reared fish differ from wild fish in several aspects, including morphology, because they are adapted to captive conditions that are totally different from natural conditions. To minimize the influence of the hatchery environment on the morphology of fish, the use of environmental enrichment through the incorporation of natural designs in captivity, has been proposed. In the present study, we performed the physical structuring of fish farming tanks to verify the enrichment effect on the morphology of two species of neotropical fishes: Prochilodus lineatus and Brycon orbignyanus. Each species was subjected to four different treatments over two months: tanks with submersed logs, with artificial aquatic plants, with both structures and without any structure. Results showed that the structural enrichment had a strong effect on the morphology of the cultured fish, which varied with each species analyzed and with the type of structural complexity added to the tanks. There was an increase of morphological variability in the population of P. lineatus and an increase of the average length in the population of B. orbignyanus. This shows that the environmental enrichment is capable to induce morphological differentiation through phenotypic plasticity, probably generating phenotypes more adapted to exploiting a complex environment. Peixes cultivados diferem de peixes selvagens em varios aspectos, incluindo morfologia, pois sao adaptados as condicoes de cativeiro, que sao totalmente diferentes das condicoes naturais. Para minimizar a influencia do meio de cultivo sobre a morfologia dos peixes, o enriquecimento ambiental, atraves da incorporacao de 'designs' naturais em cativeiro, tem sido proposto. No presente estudo, foi realizada a estruturacao fisica de tanques de piscicultura para verificar o efeito deste tipo de enriquecimento ambiental sobre a morfologia de duas especies de peixes neotropicais: Prochilodus lineatus e Brycon orbignyanus. Cada especie foi submetida ao longo de dois meses a quatro diferentes tratamentos: tanque com troncos submersos, tanque com plantas aquaticas artificiais, tanque com ambas as estruturas e tanque sem qualquer estrutura. Os resultados demonstraram que o enriquecimento estrutural teve forte efeito sobre a morfologia dos peixes cultivados, o que variou de acordo com a especie analisada e com o tipo de complexidade estrutural adicionada aos tanques. Houve aumento da variabilidade morfologica na populacao de P. lineatus e aumento do comprimento medio na populacao de B. orbignyanus. Isto mostra que o enriquecimento do ambiente de cultivo e capaz de induzir a diferenciacao morfologica atraves de plasticidade fenotipica, provavelmente gerando fenotipos mais adaptados a exploracao de um ambiente complexo.


Viral campaigns widely use online promotional games. Although antecedents of the extrinsic value of participation are discussed in the literature, few studies have focused on the intrinsic value of playing a promotional game. This study examines two dimensions of online game control: the amount of skill required and the ability to influence the odds of winning. A new typology of online promotional games is then proposed and tested using a sample of 146 real online promotional games. When a game mobilizes the players' skill, word of mouth increases.


Sulfur and lime experiments at a sandy nursery in Texas detected no significant rate effect on height, root-collar diameter, or seedling mass of 1-0 loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seedlings. Location of replications, however, had a large effect (P < 0.001) on seedling growth, which was related to nutrient levels in the soil. Positive correlations occurred between seedling height and the level of four macronutrients and three micronutrients in the soil. In contrast, due to carbohydrate dilution, negative correlations occurred between seedling mass and concentrations of nutrients (e.g., nitrogen and phosphorus) in needles. Height of seedlings at time of lifting was negatively related to foliar levels of aluminum and five other nutrients. In this study, low levels of organic matter (0.5 to 0.8 percent) and low levels of cation exchange capacity (0.9 to 1.9 meq 100 g–1) were not correlated with seedling morphology. It appears that applied fertilizers and inherent levels of soil nutrients affect seedling growth more than soil pH (3.6 to 6.3) or small changes in organic matter. Introduction Bareroot loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seedlings are produced in nurseries with soils that vary in texture (South and Davey 1983). Coarse-textured soils with high sand content have advantages when it comes to sowing seed and lifting seedlings (South et al. 2016). As a result, most loblolly pine nurseries established after 1990 were established on soils with more than 85 percent sand. These soils typically retain fewer nutrients than fine-textured soils typical of nurseries established before 1960. Because coarse-textured soils typically have low cation exchange capacity (CEC), they require more fertilizer to achieve target seedling growth. Even so, Wakeley (1935: p. 37) said, "Fairly sandy soils frequently meet all forest nursery requirements if they are underlain by less pervious soils. The cost of enriching such soils with various fertilizers is offset by greater ease of working, and most pine species develop better root systems in light than heavy soils." Although we have gained knowledge about seedling fertilization during the past century, much remains to be learned about nutrition of pine seedlings on sandy soils. Trials at a nursery in Texas revealed that applying sulfur or dolomitic lime had no significant effect on shoot or root growth of fertilized loblolly pine seedlings (South et al. 2017). Soil properties, however, varied greatly due to location of plots in the seedbed resulting in large seedling growth differences. We asked the question, if adding calcium, magnesium, or sulfur does not increase seedling mass, might differences in other nutrients account for observed differences in seedling size? The objectives of this investigation were to document the degree of soil nutrient variability in bareroot seedbeds and to compare seedling morphology with soil and foliar nutrition at time of lifting. Materials and Methods Two studies were established at the Richard O. Barham SuperTree Nursery (Bullard, TX). In March 2016, the soil was fumigated with a combination of chloropicrin and 1,3-dichloropropene. The trials were established on separate beds in the same field on a loamy sand soil (83:1:16 sand:silt:clay) with a CEC < 2.0 meq 100g–1. Stratified loblolly pine seed (half-sib family) were machine sown on April 16. The sulfur (S) trial was established on bed 7 and the lime trial was established on bed 3 (figure 1). On April 9, elemental S treatments (0, 813, 1,626 and 2,439 kg/ha) and pelletized dolomitic lime (90 percent passing 100 mesh sieve) treatments


In rodents, airway dendritic cells (DCs) capture inhaled Ag, undergo maturation, and migrate to the draining mediastinal lymph nodes (MLN) to initiate the Ag-specific T cell response. However, the role of human DCs in the pathogenesis of the Th2 cell-mediated disease asthma remains to be clarified. Here, by using SCID mice engrafted with T cells from either house dust mite (HDM)-allergic patients or healthy donors, we show that DCs pulsed with Der p 1, one of the major allergens of HDM, and injected intratracheally into naive animals migrated into the MLN. In the MLN, Der p 1-pulsed DCs from allergic patients induced the proliferation of IL-4-producing CD4 (cid:1) T cells, whereas those from healthy donors induced IFN- (cid:2) -secreting cells. In reconstituted human PBMC-reconstituted SCID mice primed with pulsed DCs from allergic patients, repeated exposure to aerosols of HDM induced 1) a strong pulmonary inflammatory reaction rich in T cells and eosinophils, 2) an increase in IL-4 and IL-5 production in the lung lavage fluid, and 3) increased IgE production compared with that in mice primed with unpulsed DCs. All these effects were reduced following in vivo neutralization of the CCR7 ligand secondary lymphoid tissue chemokine. These data in human PBMC-reconstituted SCID mice show that monocyte-derived DCs might play a key role in the pathogenesis of the pulmonary allergic response by inducing Th2 effector function following migration to the MLN. The Journal of Immunology, 2002, 169: 1524–1534.


We establish a facile and robust approach to integrate high-performance monocrystalline semiconducting nanowire-based optoelectronic devices at optical fiber tips. The multi-functional fibers exhibit excellent optical and optoelectronic properties, leading to unique applications in fluorescence imaging.


. Let r be a closed subgroup of a compact Lie group G. If the identity component T¡¡ is commutative, and if the order of r/r0 is prime to the order of the Weyl group of G, then it is shown that T is commutative. If G is a classical group this extends a theorem of Burnside on finite linear groups. If G is exceptional this gives some information on Cayley-Dickson algebras, Jordan algebras and the Cayley projective plane.


An economic recession and a historical pattern of midterm losses forecast trouble for the Republicans in 2002. Given the president's high popularity, will this November be different? How long will the "rally 'round the flag" effect last, and will it help the GOP?