Blue and yellow luminescence bands in undoped GaN epilayers were investigated and related to main residual C and O impurities by photoluminescence, which are suggested to be attributable to the electron transitions from O N states to V Ga states and between the inner levels of the C N O N complex, respectively, according to ab initio local density functional calculations. Larger nanopipes in undoped GaN/AlGaN hetero epilayers were imaged as dodecagonal pyramidal indentations, using atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The calculations show that the structure of GaN/AlGaN interface with about 60° rotation forms when GaN epilayer is subjected to more than 14% compressive strain. The results suggest that the dodecagonal nanopipes may result from the interface rotation due to the strain. Precipitates in undoped AlGaN are surrounded by glide dislocation loops and helical dislocations in bright field TEM images that may be caused by the misfit stresses around the precipitates.


Kunttu tells the sad story of the steel-framed motorized vessel Axel von Fersen. Using the case of the Axel von Fersen, Kunttu's article discusses the principles that should be followed when making decisions on acquisitions to museum collections and when loaning artefacts out. Kunttu concludes that responsible collection management is both systematic and consistent and considers the resources available, both now and in the future. Since the possibilities of adding more museum vessels to the museum collections are very limited, it is vital to document vessels as carefully as possible. Often this has to be done in a hurry before a ship is sold abroad or scrapped. In her article, Titta Lehtola introduces the documentation principles and evaluation criteria defined in a joint project of The Maritime Museum of Finland and the Forum Marinum Foundation. The project produced a report with hands-on instructions on how to document a vessel in an effective way. The report (in Finnish) can be found at Forum Marinum's website. Lehtola's article is a companion to Anne Ala-Pöllänen's text about contemporary documentation of life on board. Both articles are controlled and justified accounts by experts. Contemporary documentation is considered to be a distinct method, since it has its own chapter in the history of museum work. The focus of the method is on recording the operation of the ship and the actions of the people on it. Ala-Pöllänen draws concrete examples from documentation projects she has directed on different kinds of vessels. Finally, we return to the picture on the cover, the choice of which now seems justified. It depicts a detail of the latest addition to the model collections of The Maritime Museum of Finland, a tarred barge, meticulously built by Ari Väärikkälä. In the end, the history of ships is the history of people building, using, scrapping and loving ships.


China has become the country with the largest number of tunnels and the longest total mileage in the world. The two basic indicators of tunnel scale and car ownership, as well as the largescale manufacturing industry, determine the greater probability and serious consequences of road tunnel operation accidents, especially tunnel fire and dangerous goods accidents. In order to understand the macro laws of China's highway tunnel fire / dangerous goods accidents, 130 fire accidents and 40 dangerous goods transport accidents in the past 10 years were collected, and the characteristics of the collected accident cases were statistically analyzed. Finally, the current measures taken to control the risk of tunnel fires and dangerous goods vehicle accidents are introduced.


Carotid blowout syndrome due to tumor infiltration, fistulas, and therapy‐related necrosis can occur as late as years after the treatment. Reporting our experiences with preventive and acute treatment with stent grafts and discussing different ways of antiplatelet therapy.


Education is a highly effective way of promoting the introduction of alternatives into the everyday practice of biomedical research and testing. In some countries, specific requirements for the edu...


SUMMARY We describe, for the numerical calculation of Bartlett adjustments, a method which may be of use when the cumulants of the log likelihood derivatives are easy to determine in one parametrization while the hypotheses to be tested are all linear in some other parametrization. The method relies on the cartesian tensorial nature of those cumulants and should be particularly convenient in connection with statistical packages with structure similar to GLIM.


This chapter describes administrative procedure and judicial review in France. In French public law, no constitutional provision provides for judicial review of administrative measures. Nor is there a convention providing for judicial review of administrative measures. This is only envisaged by the laws and regulations, in particular the Administrative Justice Code and the Code of Relations between the Public and the Administration. The administrative courts exercise extensive control over the acts or measures of the public administration, including both individual decisions and regulatory acts, but some are nonetheless beyond judicial review. Where an act or measure is contested on procedural grounds, judicial review takes place only under certain conditions: the procedural defect must have deprived the applicant of a guarantee or it must have influenced the meaning of the decision taken. Two types of judicial remedy exist in administrative law: it is therefore up to the applicant to limit their application before the administrative judge.


This letter proposes two carrier frequency offset (CFO) estimators by utilizing the likelihood ratio test (LRT) for coherent optical orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (CO-OFDM) systems. The zero-information in real and imaginary parts of the effective data subcarriers can be detected by LRT for flexible modulation formats. An LRT-based blind estimator (LRT-BE) algorithm is then proposed by using power fluctuations of the zero-information. An LRT-based simplified fine estimator (LRT-SFE) is subsequently developed to reduce complexity by approximating the cost function as a cosine function. The closed-form expression of CFO estimate is derived by using three arbitrary test values, which is computationally efficient. The blind zero-information detection procedure transfers the LRT-based methods to a sort of semi-blind estimator which improves the estimation accuracy, and the optimal threshold derived by LRT makes the proposed methods be robust to $M$ -QAM modulations. Simulation results verify the accuracy, flexibility and efficiency of the proposed algorithms. At the MSE of 10−4, the SNR gain of LRT-SFE is upto 6.5 dB compared to other blind estimators.


There is a great deal to welcome in Michael Burawoy's plea for public sociology. For one thing, sociologists can have an impact on public affairs, and in the varied ways in which he suggests. The role played by European sociology in ending capital punishment seems to me exemplary, and I have no doubt but that basic morality should lead sociologists into active engagement when they clearly have something to contribute. For another, the sociological literature on intellectuals (and so on us) surely shows that isolation from society is dangerous , the breeding ground not just for trivia but also for fantasies of place and power – which occasionally have led to dreadful historical actions. If contact with clients and interaction with social movements helps to breed a sense of reality it is to be endorsed wholeheartedly. Finally, much of what he admires – analysis of class relations and power structures more generally – should be at the centre of the sociological imagination. But despite all this, my welcome is guarded. A different view of the character and history of sociology and of the nature of contemporary social realities suggests qualifications to his view. Sociology can be defined in various ways. Burawoy is almost Durkheimian in stressing the social, thereby leaving the political and the economic to other disciplines. Imperialism appeals to me much more. Sociology should be the king or queen of social science, asking when and why a particular source of power has dominance in social relations. This is what Weber was about, and my comment is of course deeply Weberian in that it takes for granted that different types of power can and do have autonomy at particular points in the historical record. From this view follows the claim that there are three stages to sociology's history. First came the founders, from Montesquieu and Smith to Durkheim and Weber, whose greatness lies in combining theory with empirical concerns. In contrast, the second stage has been far too professional, heavily concerned with concepts rather than reality. If Parsons represented an early apogee of this tendency, it is crucial to insist that this stage most certainly has not ended


Vol. 41, No. 2 (July December 2013) Caribbean Studies Latin-driven music industry have consistently been an influence on music in post-revolutionary Cuba. The streets of Havana, which Baker refers to as a metaphor of the dialectics of hip-hop, "the moral authority and the hustle" (p. 350) have been sprinkled with the Cuban exile communities' money seeking to finance anti-Castro lyrics in a post 9/11 era. To present the affects of foreign influences on Cuba's musical scene, but leave out Miami, seems to leave Baker's analysis incomplete. Perhaps this is where future scholars can complement his work. Undoubtedly, Buena Vista in the Club goes far beyond Baker's intention of throwing a "grain of sand, as the Cubans say, in the field of cultural politics" (p. 31). Few ethnographic accounts assess not only their local field subjects, but also the anthropologists and scholars that studied them. The dual research of rappers and scholars alike is precisely what makes this publication unique, reflexive, and indispensable.


Two techniques are described in this paper to analyze the dynamic and thermal behavior of a stationary air flow of forced convection in a solar collector with a perforated absorber. These perforations are vertical (plate 1) and inclined (plate inc) to the wall of insulation. Two absorber plates were used to determine the effect of absorber plate porosity as well as injection air flow rate on the collector thermal efficiency. The profiles of axial and radial velocity, velocity fields, temperature then a comparative study of the two absorber plates have been investigated.


The present degree project, consisted in design and develop a computational tool, to determine the minimum shaft diameter, subjected to cyclic loads.
The computational tool was the result of a complete bibliographic search, regarding the shaft design available in commercial medium. Having analyzed and synthesized the information, mathematical models were identified for the calculation of the minimum shaft diameter, as well as certain analysis criteria, among which the Soderberg criterion was defined, according to the distortion energy theory (DET), when the element of interest (shaft) is under cyclic loads. From this, specific conditions were adopted for the parameters such as: forces existing in the transmission mechanisms mounted along the shaft, effective coefficients of concentration of bending and torsional stresses, types of materials, which, without a doubt they influence the determination of the calculation of the minimum shaft diameter.
Subsequently, case studies were proposed, more usual in applications and situations that in practice are required. When determining the medullary part that characterizes the present final work, that is, the determination of the minimum shaft diameter, were also defined the mathematical models related to: transmission systems, forces and reactions, in addition to the deduction of those mathematical models for determine the elastic curve (deflection) on the solid axis of uniform circular cross section.
The developed application focuses on analyzing the following axially mounted transmission systems on the shaft such as: belt - pulley, roller chain and straight gears and to provide the mechanical designer (user) with materials for axis , such as: AISI 1045, AISI 4340 (4337), AISI 4140, AISI 5115, SAE 1010, SAE 1015, SAE 1018, SAE 1020, AISI 304, AISI 316 - L , AISI 430.
The programming of the different mathematical models and graphical interfaces, were carried out in Java - NetBeans IDE 8.2, to then, establish communication with the Inventor Professional 2019 ® parametric design software, to get a virtual representation of the final shaft in 3D.
Finally, in annexes the different tables, graphs, and screenshots are presented, also to a quick user´s guide, to correct handling of the computational tool.

Keywords: Mathematical models, shaft design, power transmission mechanisms, flow diagrams, object – oriented programming, parametric design.


Dear Editor, Imiquimod, an imidazoquinoline compound, is an agonist of Tolllike receptor (TLR)7 and is widely used for the treatment of condyloma acuminatum and solar keratosis. However, transdermal administration of imiquimod has been shown to induce psoriasis and lupus nephritis in mouse models.1 We report a case of multiple psoriasislike skin eruptions at remote skin sites induced by topical application of imiquimod cream.


INTRODUCTIONIn southern Malawi in 2004, a local research assistant told me the story of a man who traveled great distances by magic to get home to his wife every night. According to the story, the woman became pregnant while her husband was in South Africa. His relatives began to question her: How is it that you are pregnant and your husband is far away in South Africa?1 Whose child is this? The woman protested by saying that the child belonged to her husband. She claimed that every night after working in South Africa, he flew back home magically in a witch basket.2 His activities were a secret she was not supposed to talk about. The relatives scoffed and claimed that the woman had cheated on her husband, but the woman said she could prove her husband was visiting her. One night when the husband was home, his wife meddled with his traveling charms to keep him there long enough for his relatives to see him. Though skeptical of her story, his family gathered to catch a glimpse of the husband. When they saw the man, they cried out in wonder. Indeed, she was telling the truth! The husband, upon discovering that he had been sighted, turned on his wife in anger demanding, "Woman, what have you done?" He was unable to return to South Africa again.This article juxtaposes Malawian rumors about two types of medicine: traditional medicine used to promote success in long-distance labor migration vithumwaf and medicine used by women to curtail men's mobility and infidelity (temwanani mankhwala). Male labor migration has been a staple of Malawian strategies for income generation and material accumulation since the end of the nineteenth century. In recent decades, however, formal migration opportunities have declined and the position of Malawian migrants abroad has become increasingly informal and precarious. Men rely upon vithumwa medicine to deal with the dangerous contingencies of migration. According to informal narratives, one of the main risks of mobility is that it causes travelers to forget their families. This risk is multiplied when migrants rely upon travel charms. The physical loss of medicine through forgetfulness, carelessness, or theft is believed to cause family members at home to die. By contrast stories about love potions for controlling men's extramarital mobility warn that an unintended consequence of this medicine is that it renders men totally immobile in male-dominated employment realms. Like the man in the above story, this article asks why a wife would cast a spell that ultimately immobilizes her husband. Why would a labor migrant be compelled to seek magic that allows him to travel great distances in the blink of an eye? What dangers and opportunities lay therein? What oppositional desires threaten to disrupt families and fragile systems of circular labor migration in contemporary Malawi? The answers to these questions provide insights into the gendered nature of mobility, the role of migration in families, and the dubious status of magic for securing reasonable life goals.In this article, I draw on Luise White's interpretive framework for analyzing rumor and gossip in order to contribute to the modernity of witchcraft debates. Studying rumor and gossip, whether in fragments or whole narrative form, is a way to gauge collective anxieties and perceptions of structural tension. This article is divided into five sections: Methods and Theory; Malawian Labor Migration, which presents relevant history; Witch Baskets, where narratives of travel magic are presented and analyzed; Love Potions, where narratives of love medicine are presented and analyzed; and the Discussion section. I argue that ambivalence surrounding the use of travel medicine or love potions is lodged in the fact that what may look like witchcraft closely tracks with normally proportioned desires and a sense of family obligation. It is not excessive desire but rather the extraordinary difficulty of providing for a family that necessitates use of travel medicine. …


The invention relates to an optical transmission unit for motor vehicles with at least one optical transmitter (4) for emitting laser beams (7), which through an optical switch (14) various light outlets (15) are be fed. The invention also relates to a method for operating such an optical transmitting unit. To reduce the susceptibility to interference of an optical transmitting unit according to the invention, a liquid crystal optical waveguide (25) as an optical switch (14) having a liquid crystal layer (19) and electrodes (20, 21) for generating an electric field (22) in the liquid crystal layer (19 ) intended. A control unit (11) sets the liquid crystal light waveguide (25) via the configuration of the electric field (22) to certain light apertures (15) and passes the laser beam (7) to the light outlets (15) sequentially.


Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is the most economically important disease of feedlot cattle. To enhance management of individual feedlot cattle with BRD there is a need to better determine the extent and duration of lung pathology on a real-time basis. Development of an objective ultrasound (U/S) scoring system that allows for better interpretation of the disease pathogenesis may improve individual case management. Although the peer-reviewed literature contains multiple reports on the use of thoracic U/S for the evaluation of BRD in dairy cattle, reports of its use in feedlot cattle are limited. The purpose of this study was to describe the use of thoracic U/S for the evaluation of BRD in feedlot cattle.


In this article, we present a new application that evaluated the performance of a number of the Arabic root extraction methods. The implemented methods in this system are selected according to a previous classification, where these methods are classified into five categories. We have selected a method for each category. These methods are: Light Stemmer, Arabic Stemming without a root dictionary, MT-based Arabic Stemmer, N-gram based on similarity coefficient and N-gram based on dissimilarity coefficient. This evaluation was conducted on the same terms in a corpus of two thousand words and their roots. These words are taken from Arabic dictionary "Lesan Al-Arab". This application has allowed us to have a first original comparison between the evaluated methods. This system works in two ways: normal and automatic.


5x5 complete diallel intervarietal crosses of upland cotton Gossypuium hirsutum L., involving parents Shahbaz, CIM-499, Hari Dost, CRIS-134, Sohni and their 20 F2 hybrids, were arranged to determine the genetic information on various economic characters i.e., plant height, number of sympodial branches, number of bolls/ plant and  seed cotton yield/ plant. Analysis of variance showed that the genotypes under study manifested considerable genetic variability for all the traits. Analysis of combining ability showed that all the characters were controlled by both additive and non-additive type of gene action except SCA which was non-significant for sympodial branches. The parental lines CIM-499 and Sohni proved to be good general combiners for seed cotton yield/ plant and other related characters.


There are several examples of successes in improving health care. However, many of these remain limited to the sites at which they were originally developed. There are fewer examples of successful spread of the improvement more widely inside or outside the health systems within which they were developed. This article discusses the wave-sequence approach to spread or scale up, which enables take up of the improvement in a systematic and sequential way, using "spread agents" — people who participated in the original demonstration sites. The paper also discusses the concept of the "slice" of a system which is useful for thinking about spread and considers a phenomenon related to the rate of adoption which we have observed in this wave-sequence approach.


Natural molecular motors such as ATP synthase, myosin, kinesin and dynein can convert conformationalchanges, due to chemical energy input, into directed motion for catalysis and transport. Preparing artificial molecular motors and making them work at different scales (from nano to macroscopic scale) have been long-term challenges. Herein we designed and synthesized a light driven rotary molecular motor in highly enantiopure form and in gram scale. This motor is featured by two orthogonal functionalities on its upper and lower part, allowing its further integration into polymeric materials. By performing click reaction under different concentration conditions, either an eight shaped motor-polymer conjugate or a gel containing motors as reticulation units could be obtained. Upon UV irradiation, the polymer chains could be entangled due to the rotation of this motor. For eight shaped polymer, the dimension was changed towards smaller dimension, and the morphology was changed from cycle to collapsed coils (spherical or more elongated). For the gel, due to the twisting of polymer chains induced by the rotation of the motor, it could be contracted significantly (80 %) compared with its original volume. The integration of machines which display motions out of equilibrium at nanoscale to movement in the macroscopic world which is extensively used in natural systems will open very interesting prospects in nanotechnology for further developments.


The condition decreased urban air today especially result by pollution from motor vehicles that the amount
increasingly increased. The Jakarta capital was the city by the number of vehicles that achieved 8 million units
up until 2010. To improve this situation was held by the Langit Biru Program from ministry of Lingkungan
Hidup that one of his sub-programs was to carried out the test reaped (check spot) towards gas emissions
discarded to motor vehicles. This testing was meant to know the level of pollutant that left motor vehicles (the
personal car and passengers). As the standard was used standard the quality from the Special Capital District of
Jakarta Regional Government that is Special Capital District of Jakarta Province Regional Regulations no.2 in
2005 about the Control of Air Pollution and Environment Minister's Stipulation No.35 in 1993. The check spot
data that was used by the data in 2006, the analysis of the pollutant CO and HC for the vehicle used petrol as
fuel and opacity (the thickness of the smoke) for the vehicle used diesel fuel as fuel. Results of the emissions
test that was received from the workshop and BPLHD Province Special Capital District of Jakarta the executive
of the emissions test this was expected to be able to become input that was important for the Special Capital
District of Jakarta Regional Government in order to supports the increase program in the quality of air in the
Jakarta City. From results of the analysis showed that pollutant emissions CO decreased to 70%, HC descended
as far as 60% and opacity descended as far as 55%.


The purpose of this paper is twofold. First, it aims to investigate whether the security's systematic risk beta estimates change as the infrequent trading phenomenon appears. Second, it attempts to provide useful insight on the impact of mergers and acquisitions on competition policy. For this reason, we employ the models of Scholes and Williams (1977), Dimson (1979), Cohen et al. (1983a) and Maynes and Rumsey (1993) on a small stock exchange with thickly infrequent trading stocks. The empirical results reveal that for some securities the models employed by Scholes and Williams (1977) and Cohen et al. (1983a) improve the biasness of the Ordinary Least Squares Market Model (Maynes and Rumsey, 1993). We argue that competitors gain while merged entities loose or at least do not gain from the clearness of the investigated mergers.


Differential methods for optic flow estimation suffer from some well know theoretical and practical limitations such as the "aperture problem", sensitivity to noise, intensity discontinuity, etc. This paper presents a new locally robust method to solve the optic flow constraint (OFC). Here, the OFC is formulated as a robust linear regression problem resolved by support vector machines. Outliers are automatically identified as support vectors and are removed with a gradually decreased insensitive e-margin. The performance of our approach is studied and compared with other recent methods.


We have developed a sewage treatment system using a superconducting magnetic separation that combines high gradient magnetic separation using a continuously rotating magnetic filter with a superconducting magnet. We tested the magnetic separator to remove ferromagnetic floc, when ferromagnetic powder and coagulant are added to the influent water. The experiment showed that the magnetic filter can be practically used in this treatment system and that when the separator operates at a high speed (i.e. about 50 times faster than normal speed of conventional technology), its performance improved 90%.


To undertake a marine ecological risk assessment at the Naval Construction Battalion Center (NCBC) Davisville, Rhode Island to determine the effect of hazardous waste disposal on Allen Harbor and Narragansett Bay. Allen Harbor, located in Narragansett Bay at NCBC Davisville, was closed to shellfishing by the Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management because of suspected hazardous waste contamination from a landfill and disposal area adjacent to the harbor. NCBC Davisville was added to the National Priority List in November 1989. Between 1946 and 1972, the 15-acre landfill received a wide variety of wastes, including sewage sludge, solvents, paints, chromic acid, PCB-contaminated waste oils, preservatives, blasting grit, and other municipal and industrial wastes generated at NCBC Davisville and at the Naval Air Station Quonset Point. Another site, also adjacent to Allen Harbor on Calf Pasture Point, was used for disposal of calcium hypochlorite decontaminating solution and chlorides.


The present invention relates to an image pickup system and a motor vehicle. The image recording system (100) comprises at least one lens holder (120) having a through-hole, the through-hole on one side with a surface occlusive backing plate (140) and an image sensor (130) disposed on the surface of the carrier plate (140). The image recording system is characterized by an up from the through hole to an outer side (125) of the lens holder (120) by the optical holder (120) through the needle channel (121), said needle channel (121) for injection molding a acting as an optical lens encapsulation (170) of the is suitable imager. The needle permits a channel acting as a lens encapsulating the imager after the lens holder was prepared. This in turn allows to produce the encapsulation with acting as a lens surface without having to protect the surface during production of the lens holder. In particular, a production of a microstructured lens protection is enabled directly after manufacturing of the lens holder on a same injection mold.


Under this paper the status of women in Lucknow City is prescribed by their Income Level, High, Middle, Low Status under which the condition of women diet and hygiene and their food habits has been described or formulated. Under this study another analyses that the lower status people are aware about their diet and food habits but they are really facing shortage of money because their ecollomic condition is very bad. In other words high level people understand their diet alld food habits & they are educated so they are betters aware about the diet and hygiene for them and middle level also have the mixed opinion regarding food habits, health and hygiene. The high level women are suffered by several diseases such as obesity, hypertension and diabetes or in other words lower level suffer from under weight and anamia, middle level also have the similar diseases like the upper level.


Enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems have been implemented in most organizations for few years. But most of the organizations cannot really expose promised benefits of ERP systems. One of the reasons might be ERP users who do not accepted and use ERP system properly. In IT/IS literature organizational users have been exposed as important factor, which has influence on IT/IS acceptance and usage. Technology acceptance model (TAM) proposed by Davis (1989) has been most widely used model for researching user acceptance and usage of IT/IS. While this research is not the first attempt to apply TAM to ERP context, the authors of this chapter aim to make more contributions to the topic. First, they focus on the ERP system use in routine (mature) stage, and because of that, they use construct extended use instead of actual use. In the latest research of ERP system usage, the relationship between work compatibility and usefulness has been examined. New relationships between work compatibility and attitude toward using ERP system have been added. In all TAM studies regarding ERP context, a small number of external factors have been researched. The groups of external factors that have influence on ERP extended usage have been researched. The proposed model has been empirically tested using data collected from a survey of 293 ERP users in 44 organizations across country.


Humanitarian intervention was supposed to have gone the way of the 1990s. The use of military force across borders to stop mass killing was seen as a luxury of an era in which national security concerns among the major powers were less pressing and problems of human security could come to the fore. Somalia, Haiti, Bosnia, Kosovo, East Timor, Sierra Leone – these interventions, to varying degrees justified in humanitarian terms, were dismissed as products of an unusual interlude between the tensions of the Cold War and the growing threat of terrorism. September 11, 2001, was said to have changed all that, signaling a return to more immediate security challenges. Yet surprisingly, with the campaign against terrorism in full swing, recently there have been four military interventions that are described by their instigators, in whole or in part, as humanitarian. In principle, one can only welcome this renewed concern with the fate of faraway victims. What could be more virtuous than to risk life and limb to save distant people from slaughter? But the common use of the humanitarian label masks significant differences among these interventions. The French intervention in the Democratic Republic of Congo, later backed by a reinforced U.N. peacekeeping presence, was most clearly motivated by a desire to stop ongoing slaughter. In Liberia and Cote d'Ivoire, West African and French forces intervened to enforce a peace plan but also played important humanitarian roles.


This study was a follow-up investigation of the psychological symptomatology exhibited by sexually abused girls. Seventy-three sexually abused girls ages 7 to 13 were compared with 69 clinical controls and 69 normal controls at 6-and 12-month follow-up assessments. Assessment measures included the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAIC), the Piers-Harris Children's Self-Concept Scale, and the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL parent version). All findings with the self-report measures were nonsignificant except on the Piers-Harris at the 6-month follow-up, in which abused subjects had significantly higher self-esteem than both control groups. On the CBCL, the sexually abused girls and clinical controls exhibited significantly more problems than did the normal controls at both follow-ups on the Total Behavior Problems Scale, the Internalizing Scale, the Externalizing Scale, and at least 7 of 9 subscales. Subgroup analysis of the sexually abused group revealed that at the 12-month follow-up, abused girls who had been subjected to intercourse displayed significantly more emotional/behavioral difficulties on all of the self-report measures and three broad band factors of the CBCL than those who had been subjected to fondling. Results are discussed in the context of other recent empirically sound investigations of the psychological impact of child sexual abuse.


The genus Vadumasonium Kammerer, 2006 (Braconidae: Brachistinae: Diospilini), formerly known only from the Nearctic region, is revised and a second species is described from England and Germany: V. vardyorum sp. n. The genus is new to the Palaearctic region and we report the first host record for the genus. A key to similar genera of the Diospilini and to both species is given.


Review(s) of: New beginnings: Issues and needs in international kinship care, by Klaus Serr and David Rose, Australian Scholarly Publishing 2016.


OBJECTIVE This meta-analysis reviews rates of progression of diabetic retinopathy to proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and/or severe visual loss (SVL) and temporal trends. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This systematic literature review and meta-analysis of prospective studies assesses progression of retinopathy among diabetic patients without treatment for retinopathy at baseline. Studies published between 1975 to February 2008 were identified. Outcomes of interest were rates of progression to PDR and/or SVL. Pooled baseline characteristics and outcome measures were summarized using weighted averages of counts and means. Baseline characteristics and outcomes were compared between two periods: 1975–1985 and 1986–2008. RESULTS A total of 28 studies comprising 27,120 diabetic patients (mean age 49.8 years) were included. After 4 years, pooled incidence rates for PDR and SVL were 11.0 and 7.2%, respectively. Rates were lower among participants in 1986–2008 than in 1975–1985. After 10 years, similar patterns were observed. Participants in 1986–2008 studies had lower proportions of PDR and non-PDR at all time points than participants in 1975–1985 studies. CONCLUSIONS Since 1985, diabetic patients have lower rates of progression to PDR and SVL. These findings may reflect an increased awareness of retinopathy risk factors; earlier identification and initiation of care for patients with retinopathy; and improved medical management of glucose, blood pressure, and serum lipids. Differences in baseline characteristics, particularly in the prevalence and severity of retinopathy, could also have contributed to these temporal differences.


In this paper, we outline a project started in [7] aimed at defining Gromov-Witten (GW) invariants relative to normal crossings symplectic divisors, and GW-type invariants for normal crossings symplectic varieties. Furthermore, we use the latter to propose a degeneration formula that relates the GW invariants of smooth fibers to the GW invariants of central fiber, in a semistable degeneration with a normal crossings central fiber. In the case of basic degenerations, the degeneration formula proposed in this article coincides with the Jun Li's formula.


Purpose: musculoskeletal disorders are common causes of pain and disability in the elderly. Knowledge of these conditions is necessary, since the clinical presentation of some of them is different in older adults. Among these illnesses are rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, fibromyalgia, osteoarthritis, and polymyalgia rheumatica. The diagnostic and therapeutic approach is vital in view of the changes that occur in this population due to aging. Source of data collection: a systematic review of the literature through PubMed, searching for epidemiology, diagnosis and therapeutic approach of musculoskeletal disorders in the elderly; only topic revisions were chosen. Data Synthesis: musculoskeletal pain has an unsatisfactory diagnostic and therapeutic approach, because the majority of health workers consider it to be due to aging. We review major musculoskeletal conditions and differences in the therapeutic management to be considered in


The purpose of this paper is to establish the relation between the L~p(R~(n))boundedness and some weak type endpoint estimate for the singular integral operator.Some sufficient conditions are given which imply the L~p(R~(n))boundedness of the singular integral operator.


In an effort to encourage young and old clinicians that are working in the trenches, doing the truly challenging work of seeing a large number of patients and trying to help them flourish or at least heal, the focus of this commentary is to elevate the status of clinical research. Having been a clinician, academician, and a National Institute of Mental Health R-01 international HIV prevention researcher, I feel compelled to extol the virtues of clinical research.


We prove the existence of Gysin morphisms for hyperplane sections that may not satisfy the usual hypotheses of the Lefschetz hyperplane theorem. As an application, we show the triviality of the Alexander polynomial of a particular class of non-symmetric line arrangements, thus providing positive evidence for a conjecture of Papadima and Suciu.


- Recent advances in processor and memory architectures have attracted many software applications towards parallelization using multi-threaded implementations. Multi-core HDL simulation is one such application which combines parallelism inherent in an HDL specification and multi-core CPU architecture to achieve parallelization. The main requirement of deploying a multi-core HDL simulation is to partition the design to be simulated into segments which can be executed in parallel. This is a manual process. There is no known algorithm to determine a design's partition which would lead to maximum performance gain using multi-core HDL simulation. An ideal partitioning algorithm would require analysis of dynamic behavior of the design's simulation. Dynamic analysis is applicable to that specific run and would require one or more simulation runs which is expensive and would consume compute resources. This paper presents a method and algorithm to partition a design using static parameters. This algorithm does not require any simulation runs. The static partitioning method presented in this paper provides a useful starting point for deployment of multi-core HDL simulation. Further tuning of the partitions can be performed using dynamic analysis of multi-core HDL simulation performed using the initial partition generated using static partitioning algorithm. The partitioning performed using algorithm presented in this paper has provided good performance gains when used with multi-core HDL simulation.


This paper presents the solution o f Maxwells equations for electromagnetic pulses with right circular polarization (RCP) and left circular polarization (LCP) in no rmal and metamaterial regimes. The propagating medium is dispersive, chiral and nonlinear. The c hirality e ffect i s characterized through Born-Fedorov formalism. The nonlinearity used is of a Kerr type. Models simulation is carried out through split-step Fourier method and the results show that f or both types of pulses, there is a compensating, effect between the medium attenuation and the c hiral factor.


Within this paper we report on a new efficient shape of comb electrodes for the use in DC quadrature compensation. With the help of finite element (FE) simulations, we support the thesis about one very important technological reason of the quadrature error in MEMS gyroscopes. Vibrometer measurements with the Polytec MSA-100-3D at working MEMS gyroscopes with and without quadrature compensation help to understand the mechanism. With the quadrature suppression, we see a large improvement of the noise performance of the MEMS vibratory gyroscope sensor reaching a bias instability below $\boldsymbol{0.04^{\circ}/\mathrm{h}}$ and an angle random walk down to $0.01^{\circ}/\surd\mathrm{h}$.


Surrey Heartlands (SH) Health and Care Partnership ICS was one of the early implementer sites to develop new and integrated models of primary and community mental health (MH) care.1,2 A new service, GP Integrated Mental Health Service (GPimhs) was established with one specialist MH team per Primary Care Network (PCN), offering biopsychosocial intervention to support people in primary care. Specialist Pharmacist input was funded as part of the team with 1 session (3.75 hours) per week per PCN. There was not a specialist pharmacist service within the existing secondary care teams.

 To evaluate the input and impact of the specialist pharmacist for one of the pilot PCN sites specifically the level of medication review, type of recommendation and whether the advice was accepted or rejected.

 A retrospective review of the medical records for people using the specialist pharmacist service between September 2021 and March 2022 was undertaken. An excel spreadsheet was devised to collate the data i.e., type of recommendation(s) and whether the advice was accepted or rejected. If a significant intervention was identified the nature of this was recorded. The data collection was undertaken for one PCN with five GP practices. Ethical approval was not required as this was a service evaluation (retrospective patient notes review).

 A total 57 appointments were delivered for 40 people using services. There were 20 Level 2 medication reviews (notes review), 20 Level 3 medication reviews (notes review and consultations) and 17 follow up consultations. The type of recommendations made were no change to current plan (2), commencing/switching/stopping medication (17; all antidepressant switches), advice on optimising medicines (8), advice on physical health monitoring (10), multiple recommendations made* (12), follow up consultation booked (5), referral to SPA/ CMHRS (3; for off-label medicines). *Multiple recommendations comprised a combination of advice on mental health treatment and physical health monitoring. Of the recommendations made 51 (89%) were accepted, 1 rejected and for 5 the outcome could not be assessed. Four significant recommendations were made: (1) involved high dose antidepressants and need for physical health monitoring, (2) identified hypertension where max dose venlafaxine prescribed, (3) identified elevated cholesterol in a person reporting poor adherence to statin and (4) identified intended changes to BP medication had not been made on repeat resulting in poor BP control.

 A specialist mental health pharmacist medication optimisation service for people under primary care can be delivered as part of mental health transformation. These requests have contributed to reduced number of referrals to secondary care mental health teams / single point of access, where there is no specialist pharmacist provision. Most recommendations related to switching antidepressant treatment, an area which could form part of training for primary care teams. The nature of the significant interventions highlights the importance of holistic review of physical and mental health medications. The limitations of this evaluation were the retrospective nature and relying on documentation in medical records. Future work could include collating GP and patient feedback.

 1. The NHS Long Term Plan [Internet]. NHS Long Term Plan. 2022 [cited 29 June 2022]. Available from: https://www.longtermplan.nhs.uk/publication/nhs-long-term-plan/
 2. NHS Mental Health Implementation Plan 2019/20 – 2023/24 [Internet]. NHS Long Term Plan. 2022 [cited 29 June 2022]. Available from: https://www.longtermplan.nhs.uk/publication/nhs-mental-health-implementation-plan-2019-20-2023-24/


Objective To assess the clinical values of urine aldosterone(UALD)and urine aldosterone-to-active-renin ratio(UARR),and to calculate their optimal cut-off values in the diagnosis of primary aldosteronism(PA). Methods From August 2009to May 2012in Department of Hypertension of Ruijin Hospital,238PA inpatients averaged(49.6±11.1)years old and 326essential hypertension inpatients averaged(43.0±15.3)years were diagnosed under the standard hospitalized condition and their clinical data were analyzed. Plasma aldosterone concentration(PAC)and plasma renin activity(PRA)were detected;UALD was measured by indwelling 24hurine(urine renin activity was not measured);and plasma aldosterone-to-active renin ratio(ARR)and UARR were calculated respectively. Area under the curve(AUC)and the optimal cut-off values of UALD and UARR for diagnosing PA were calculated by receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis. UALD and UARR were compared with ARR which was a commonly used index for screening PA currently. Results The AUC of UALD was 0.870(95% CI0.841-0.899),and the optimal cut-off value of UALD was 12.95μg/24hwith the sensitivity of 72.4% and specificity of 85.2%. The AUC of UALD was larger than that of PAC in erect position(0.870vs 0.784,P 0.01)while smaller than that of ARR(0.870vs 0.947,P0.01). Meanwhile,the AUC of UARR was 0.964(95% CI0.950-0.978)and the best cut-off value of UARR was 7.95(μg/24h)/[μg/(L·h)]with the sensitivity of 94.2%and specificity of 88.9%. The AUC of UARR was larger than that of ARR in erect position(0.964vs 0.947,P0.01). Conclusions UALD was more valuable than plasma aldosterone in the diagnosis of PA.However,both of them were less valuable than ARR. UARR was more valuable than ARR in this cohort and it was an effective index for screening PA.


Analysis of the sugarcane roots proteome and expression of an arbuscular mycorrhizaresponsive apoplastic peroxidase Arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM) are symbiotic associations between fungi of the phylum Glomeromycota and most of the plant species. Even though the molecular mechanisms controlling the colonization process and AM development are largely unknown, proteins with differential accumulation in AM may have important regulatory roles. The aim of this work was to detect, by bi-dimensional electrophoresis (2D-PAGE) and mass spectrometry, proteins with differential accumulation in the intercellular fluid (IF), plasma membrane or radicular tissue of sugarcane colonized by Glomus clarum. Micropropagated sugarcane plantlets were inoculated with G. clarum and growth under low or high P conditions, 20 or 200 mg P kg substrate, respectively. Mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal roots, eight weeks after inoculation, were used to extract proteins from the IF, plasma membrane and root tissue (total soluble proteins). Protein separation and analyses were performed using 2D-PAGE and mass spectrometry. The total soluble and plasma membrane protein profiles did not reveled symbiosis-related proteins. However, three proteins from the IF, a putative aspartic hydrolase, a putative histidine kinase and a putative peroxidase showed induced accumulation in mycorrhizal roots. Peroxidase activities in roots and apoplastic fluid were determined, and shown to be higher in mycorrhizal roots at low P than in non-mycorrhizal control roots. Based on the partial amino acid sequence of this peroxidase, a partial cDNA sequence of its gene (POX1) was cloned from PCR-amplified cDNA from sugarcane roots. The POX1 sequence showed 90% and 91% identity to maize (NCBI) and sugarcane (TIGR) peroxidase, respectively. Expression analyses of POX1 were perfomed using quantitative PCR of reverse transcripts from mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal roots at low and high P conditions. The steady state level of POX1 transcripts in mycorrhizal roots at low P condition was 6.8-fold higher than in mycorrhizal roots at high P conditions. In mycorrhizal roots at high P conditions the steady state level of POX1 transcripts was 3.9-fold lower than in nonmycorrhizal control roots. These data suggest that the metabolism of reactive oxygen species may be an important factor controlling the development of AM. Studies with plants altered in POX1 expression are, however, required to elucidate the essentiality of this peroxidase in AM.


Sub-bandgap light recording (SBLR) of holograms is studied basing on the experiments in a-As2S3 films and literature data. Holographic grating recording with focused (light intensity I = 14 - 124 W/cm2 ) and unfocused (I = 0.50 - 0.78 W/cm2) 632.8 nm He-Ne laser sub-bandgap light in non-annealed and annealed a-As2S3 films has been experimentally studied. The focused light recording is found to be much more efficient (diffraction efficiency up to 14.9%, specific recording energy down to 216 J/(cm2%)) than the unfocused light recording (0.11%, 72400 J/(cm2%)). Some other properties are also different. The focused light recording is explained by the photothermally stimulated relaxational structural changes (RSC) accompanied by the photoinduced generation and recharging of D-centers. The unfocused light recording is explained by the photorientation of D-centers with some contribution of RSC . SBLR in materials other than a-As2S3 films was considered and the conclusion was made that amorphous sulfides and selenides are expected to be the best SBLR recording materials. SBLR is advantageous because of its bulk nature enabling the production of homogeneous holographic optical volume elements and devices.


Various studies related to machine learning have been performed. In this study, we focus on reinforcement learning, one of the methods used in machine learning. In conventional reinforcement leaning, the design of the reward function is difficult, because it is a complex and laborious task and requires expert knowledge. In previous studies, the robot learned from external sources, not autonomously. To solve this problem, we propose a method of robot learning through interactions with humans using sensor input. The reward is also generated through interactions with humans. However, the method does not require additional tasks that must be performed by the human. Therefore, the user does not need expert knowledge, and anyone can teach the robot. Our experiment confirmed that robot learning is possible through the proposed method.


Author(s): Rosas, Alexander Steven | Advisor(s): Kutz, Christopher | Abstract: This dissertation examines issues of cultural and religious difference in France -- how France can and should reconcile itself to the diversification (and the attendant and inevitable conflicts in moral, cultural and religious values, traditions and identities) inherent in globalization. In particular, I explore whether and to what extent French Republicanism (and the practices and theories thereof) -- rooted in theoretical and historical conceptions of the Social Contract and the General Will and in the romanticized political and social construct of the uniform and universal French citizen -- can take on and accommodate cultural and religious difference within its view of the state, the nation, law and politics. In short, I consider whether and to what extent the model that has theoretically and historically advanced a colorblind and assimilationist attitude to difference contains, in reality, a certain flexibility for a diversity of moral, cultural and religious values and identities, in the particular form of the 4-5 million Muslims in France today. I contend in this dissertation that a level of flexibility and elasticity is already evident in the theories and practices of French Republicanism, which has transformed over time as the French Republic has adapted to different circumstances of diversity; and that this transformation underscores the fact that French Republicanism, as a political model, is not monolithic or 'fixed' in time, but is contingent and consists in multiple and alternative narratives of and visions for the French republican nation-state vis-a-vis diversity. In this dissertation, I work to reconceive of French Republicanism in more 'diversity-friendly' terms and to carve out from the history of ideas in this area a theoretical and practical space for cultural difference within the French Republic.


646 I ron-deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most common micronutrient deficiency worldwide and a major global health issue (1). Helicobacter pylori has been purported to play a causal role in refractory IDA and current guidelines recommend testing for H pylori infection in refractory IDA, whereas other causes such as celiac disease have been ruled out (2,3). However, the role of H pylori infection in IDA is an area of clinical contention. The association between H pylori infection and IDA was initially suggested by case reports in which eradication of H pylori infection was associated with improvement of treatment-refractory IDA. Since then a number of large population-based studies have assessed the role of H pylori infection as an independent risk factor for IDA. A recent meta-analysis that included 15 observational studies comparing the prevalence of IDA in H pylori–positive and –negative subjects demonstrated a correlation between infection and IDA (4). In subgroup analysis, this effect was significant in children and adolescents but not in adults. Because observational studies do not determine cause and effect, randomized interventional studies are needed to determine etiology. Two recent metaanalyses of randomized controlled intervention trials (RCTs) provided conflicting results regarding a beneficial effect of H pylori eradication on IDA (4,5). The meta-analysis in which a beneficial effect was observed included 16 RCTs of variable quality (5). In comparison, the meta-analysis in which a statistically significant benefit was not detected was limited to 4 RCTs (4). Thus, it is clear that further large well-designed studies are needed to clarify the role of H pylori infection in IDA. In the March 2011 issue of JPGN, Cardenas et al (6) are commended for attempting to address the role of H pylori infection on iron status in children. In this study from Texas, 110 asymptomatic H pylori–infected children ages 3 to 10 years of lower socioeconomic status and without evidence of iron deficiency or IDA were randomized to 1 of 4 groups: H pylori eradication therapy using sequential therapy; H pylori eradication therapy plus iron; eradication placebo plus iron; and eradication placebo plus iron placebo. In both the more stringent intention to treat and the preprotocol analysis, no difference in iron status was observed between the groups. However, when subgroup analysis was performed in subjects with either spontaneous clearance of


1 In this study we have investigated 6 and y opioid receptor-mediated elevation of intracellular Ca2" concentration ([Ca2 +]) in the human neuroblastoma cell line, SH-SY5Y. 2 The Ca2 +-sensitive dye, fura-2, was used to measure [Ca2 + ], in confluent monolayers of SH-SY5Y cells. Neither the 6-opioid agonist, DPDPE ([D-Pen2'i-enkephalin) nor the y-opioid agonist, DAMGO (Tyr-D-Ala-Gly-N-Me-Phe-Gly-ol enkephalin) elevated [Ca2+], when applied alone. However, when either DPDPE or DAMGO was applied in the presence of the cholinoceptor agonist, carbachol (100 nM- 1 mM) they evoked an elevation of [Ca2']i above that caused by carbachol alone. 3 In the presence of 1 giM or 100 gM carbachol, DPDPE elevated [Ca2 +] with an EC50 of 10 nM. The elevation of [Ca2+], was independent of the concentration of carbachol. The EC50 for DAMGO elevating [Ca2+], in the presence of 1 gM and 100 gM carbachol was 270 nM and 145 nm respectively. 4 The 6-receptor antagonist, naltrindole (30 nM), blocked the elevations of [Ca2+]i by DPDPE (100 nM) without affecting those caused by DAMGO while the p-receptor antagonist, CTAP (D-Phe-Cys-Tyr-D- Trp-Arg-Pen-Thr-NH2) (100 nM - 1 pM) blocked the elevations of [Ca2 +] caused by DAMGO (1 pM) without affecting those caused by DPDPE. 5 Block carbachol activation of muscarinic receptors with atropine (10 pM) abolished the elevation of [Ca2+]i by the opioids. The nicotinic receptor antagonist, mecamylamine (10 pM), did not affect the elevations of [Ca2+1i caused by opioids in the presence of carbachol. 6 Muscarinic receptor activation, not a rise in [Ca2 + ],, was required to reveal the opioid response. The Ca2+ channel activator, maitotoxin (3 ng ml-'), also elevated [Ca2+]i but subsequent application of opioid in the presence of maitotoxin caused no further changes in [Ca2+],. 7 The elevations of [Ca2+]i by DPDPE and DAMGO were abolished by pretreatment of the cells with pertussis toxin (200 ng ml-', 16 h). This treatment did not significantly affect the response of the cells to carbachol.8The opioids appeared to elevate [Ca2+]i by mobilizing Ca2+ from intracellular stores. Both DPDPE and DAMGO continued to elevate [Ca2+], when applied in nominally Ca2+-free external buffer or when applied in a buffer containing a cocktail of Ca2+ entry inhibitors. Thapsigargin (100 nM), an agent which discharges intracellular Ca2+ stores, also blocked the opioid elevations of [Ca2+],. 9 6 and Opioids did not appear to mobilize intracellular Ca2+ by modulating the activity of protein kinases. The application of H-89 (10 pM), an inhibitor of protein kinase A, H-7 (100 pM), an inhibitor of protein kinase C, protein kinase A and cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase, or Bis I, an inhibitor of protein kinase C, did not alter the opioid mobilization of [Ca2+],. 10 Thus, in SH-SY5Y cells, opioids can mobilize Ca2+ from intracellular stores but they require ongoing muscarinic receptor activation. Opioids do not elevate [Ca2+], when applied alone.


Participatory evaluation can be embedded in programs to support good governance and facilitate informed decision making in Aboriginal communities in remote and urban contexts. An Aboriginal Elder from the Tiwi Islands in the Northern Territory of Australia described participatory evaluation as a sea eagle looking "long way wide eyed." The metaphor refers to the long-term and broad approach undertaken when a complex community development program used participatory processes to build evaluation capacity and solve problems. The evaluation approach ensured the program was inclusive, responsive, empowering, and resulted in direct benefits for the communities. This article addresses the lack of literature on applying developmental and empowerment evaluation approaches in practice by describing the methods, tools, and use of evaluation findings. The value of participating for the community members and partner organizations is shared and the benefits and implications for participants and the evaluator are discussed. The authors hope this article inspires practitioners and evaluators to consider participatory ways of working with communities to support community directed action and social change.


An inexpensive linear accelerator for electrons was built and is now in operation. The acceleration is accomplished by an electrodynamical space‐charge effect in a cylindrical electron beam. The 2.5 m long instrument, operated with a 20 keV, 350 mA beam, produces electrons of energies up to 14 MeV. Design and operational characteristics are presented along with the results of performance tests.


In digital logic circuits, unconstrained scan tests are known to evoke much higher switching activity than functional modes. To create test conditions which are as similar as possible to functional modes, today's ATPG tools have knobs to constrain the switching activity of the generated test to a user-defined functional (= lower) level. Two-dimensional system chips (SoCs) and three-dimensional stacked ICs (SICs) are typically tested in a modular fashion, i.e., per embedded core or stacked die. At any moment during the test, one or more modules are being tested ('module-under-test', MUT); we refer to the modules currently not being tested as 'neighbors'. The switching activity of the MUT(s) can be controlled by ATPG constraints, but the switching activity of the neighboring modules is typically not controlled. In this work, we present two key elements for an approach to control the switching activity of both MUT(s) and neighboring modules. The first is a toggle analysis tool, that determines the switching activity of a module in either functional or test mode on the basis of a Value Change Dump (.vcd) file generated during gate-level Verilog netlist simulation. The second element is a programmable on-chip toggle generator, for which we present both its hardware scheme, as well as an algorithm to program it to achieve any target switching activity. For each module, the toggle analysis tool can be used to determine the switching activity in functional mode, which then forms the target for the ATPG tool when the module is a MUT, or for its embedded toggle generator while the module is in its role as neighbor.


Winglets are specialized wingtip devices to reduce induced drag, and they have been installed on Boeing-made aircraft since the 1980s, Airbus has also developed a winglet named 'Sharklet' since 2009 and has started providing them as an option to the A320 Family. The winglet has the effect of improving take-off performance, reducing fuel consumption, increasing payload, and increasing flight distance by reducing the induced drag generated at the tip of the wing. The purpose of this study is to analyze the actual flight data of the sharklet-installed and non-sharklet-installed models of the A321 aircraft to verify the fuel efficiency improvement due to the winglet installation, and to analyze the economic analysis accordingly. Through this, it can be used to determine the winglet installation when introducing an aircraft or to make a decision for upgrading the existing aircraft. To this end, a case study on the aerodynamic characteristics and effects of the winglet installation was conducted, and the economic analysis was verified.


ABSTRACT Software development organizations and employees benefit from remote work. However, we need more research and tools for more organizations to be successful. Microsoft is in a prime position to do the research, interventions and technology innovations need to advance the benefits of remote work. We discuss the benefits and challenges that remote workers face. We provide remote work guidelines based upon personal experiences of working remotely before the COVID-19 pandemic. In this position paper, we argue for employers to become allies for remote workers and to empower workers to work in their preferred environment. We provide ways to create a culture of allyship within organizations and teams. By creating a sustainable remote work environment and empowering remote employees, companies will find more productive employees with higher job satisfaction. Keywords remote work, inclusion, diversity, allyship ABOUT THE AUTHOR/S Paige Rodeghero Microsoft Research, Clemson University email@example.com Paige Rodeghero is a Visiting Researcher at Microsoft Research and an Assistant Professor of Computer Science at Clemson University. Her website is paigerodeghero.com Tony Hernandez Microsoft firstname.lastname@example.com Tony Hernandez is a Software Engineer in the Customer Success Engineering organization within the Experience and Devices division at Microsoft. He also leads a virtual team focused on the remote onboarding of software engineers at Microsoft for the Content Publish engineering team. New Future of Work 2020, August 3–5, 2020 © 2020 Copyright held by the owner/author(s).


In recent years Streptococcus agalactiae(SA) has become the most harmful pathogen to cultured tilapia in Hainan and many southern provinces of China. Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge is highly resistant to SA, but it contains complex components and which component is responsible for the resistance to SA has not been reported. Here we investigated the effects of extraction conditions on the yield of anti-SA components in S. miltiorrhiza Bge and optimized the extraction method. We first developed the agar diffusion method for the quantitative analysis of extracted anti-SA components; then we used the yields of anti-SA components from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge as the responsive values to study the effects of extraction conditions on the yield of the anti-SA components, including the extraction solvent, extraction times, the ratio of liquid to solid, infiltration time, temperature and extraction time in single-factor experiments; finally we further optimized the ratio of liquid to solid, infiltration time, temperature and extraction time using the four-factor-three-level Box-Behnken experimental design with response surface method. The results of the agar diffusion showed that the standard equation for the determination of anti-SA components from S. miltiorrhiza Bge was Y = 4.842 X + 16.707(R2 = 0.9873). The results of the single-factor experiments showed that the most suitable extraction solvent and times was 20% ethanol aqueous solution for 1 time. The results of the Box-Behnken experimental design with response surface method showed that the infiltration time, the extraction temperature, and the ratio of liquid to solid had extremely vital effects on the responsive values. The optimum extraction conditions were as follows: the ratio of liquid to solid was 37.8:1.0(ml:g), the infiltration time was 104 min, the extraction temperature was 86.7℃ and the extraction time was 182 min. The predicted maximum yield of anti-SA components was 25.95%, under the RSM model-generated optimal extraction conditions. The results of four parallel validation experiments showed that the actual yield of anti-SA components was(25.87 ±0.03)%, and the relative error between predicted and actual values was 0.31%. The yield of anti-SA components was 2.59 times higher than before. These demonstrated that our optimization method was efficient and reliable. Furthermore, our study provided important clues to future research on the anti-SA components of S. miltiorrhiza Bge, and significantly contributed to the safe and efficient control of diseases caused by S. agalactiae.


Through analysis of the all membrane double furrow sowing corn of Huangling county,all membrane double furrow sowing maize technology was provided reference for the large area popularization in the county.


What is already known about this topic? Healthcare workers (HCWs) and previously infected patients (PIPs) may experience a wave of epidemic following the modification of the country's coronavirus disease (COVID)-zero policy in China. What is added by this report? As of early January 2023, the initial wave of the COVID-19 pandemic among HCWs had effectively subsided, with no statistically significant differences observed in infection rates compared to those of their co-occupants. The proportion of reinfections among PIPs was relatively low, particularly in those with recent infections. What are the implications for public health practice? Medical and health services have resumed normal operations. For patients who have recently experienced severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections, appropriate relaxation of policies may be considered.


The role of free radicals in human (patho)physiology has become an area of intense interest in the last decades. Increased oxidative stress, i.e. a imbalance between free radicals and their antioxidant defences, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of a wide array of diseases, ranging from Parkinson's disease, atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis and atherosclerosis to kidney diseases, including glomerulonephritis and aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity [1]. Further insight into the physiology of free radicals, such as effects on cellular signalling, control of gene expression and immunological responses [2], has resulted in the term redox balance and/or dysregulation rather than redox stress [3]. Free radicals can be subdivided into two groups. The first group comprises reactive oxygen species (ROS), including hydroxyl (OH), superoxide (O 2 ) and peroxyl (RO2). Hypochlorous acid (HOCl), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), singlet oxygen ( O2) and ozone (O3) can easily lead to free radical generation and are as a consequence usually included in the ROS group. The second group comprises the reactive nitrogen species, including nitric oxide (NO), peroxynitrite (ONOO), peroxynitrous acid (ONOOH) and further metabolic products, such as ONOOCO2 [4]. In vivo, toxicity is thought to be mediated primarily by the strong oxidants hydroxyl and peroxynitrite. The extremely rapid reaction of these species with most biomolecules in vivo, allowing only a few nanometres diffusion distance before reaction with/destruction of neighbouring molecules takes place, makes it difficult to avoid the destructive effects of these molecules upon formation [5]. Both these radicals are derived from superoxide. Hydroxyl originates after dismutation of superoxide, followed by hydroxyl formation from H2O2 through the Haber–Weis or Fenton reactions. Alternatively, the diffusion-limited reaction between superoxide and nitric oxide leads to the highly noxious peroxynitrite. Therefore, intervention studies have focused on reducing formation and/or scavenging of superoxide. Direct detection of superoxide within cells is not a trivial task. The most widely applied method is chemiluminescence, using mostly lucigenin as the tracer molecule. Lucigenin has to be reduced to produce the lucigenin cation radical, which can react with superoxide to yield an unstable dioxetane intermediate. Decomposition of lucigenin dioxetane to the ground state results in emission of a photon, allowing monitoring of superoxide production through measurement of photon emission. The threshold for detection of superoxide is very low, because only a few 'high-energy' photons are needed for signal detection. The validity of lucigenin as chemilumigenic probe has been criticized recently, because lucigenin may also produce superoxide itself after auto-oxidation of the lucigenin cation radical [6]. An alternative technique is electron spin resonance (ESR), in which ROS are detected in an indirect way. The short-lived oxygen radical (like superoxide) combines with a diamagnetic scavenging molecule (spin trap) to form a stable radical adduct. Being paramagnetic, this adduct may be detected with ESR, provided that the adduct concentration exceeds the detection threshold of some 10 adducts inside the sample cavity. Thus, this spin trapping method is rather insensitive. Three additional complications arise: first, the trapping technique usually does not allow unambiguous identification of the parent radical that gives rise to the adduct. For example, the adduct formed by superoxide with the spin trap DMPO is unstable and converts to the hydroxyl adduct in around 30 s. Secondly, biological samples often have the capacity to metabolize nitroxide radicals such as the spin trap adducts, thereby seriously compromising the spin trapping technique [7]. Thirdly the rate constant for the adduct formation is quite low, so that high spin trap concentrations are required (1–100 mmol L range). For example, the trapping rate constant for the reaction of DMPO with superoxide at pH 7·4 is only 30 (mol L s) [8]. As a consequence, SOD can easily outcompete the spin trap for superoxide. In this issue, Nakamura et al. [9] have used these techniques and made the interesting and relevant observation that the nucleoside transporter blockers dilazep and dypiridamole can, even at very low concentrations (10 mol L), reduce the increased lucigenin signal in the PAN nephrosis model in rats. The increased lucigenin signal in glomeruli affected by PAN nephrosis could also


Concrete is unique in all construction material because it is specificallydesigned for civil engineering purpose. It plays a critical role in the construction of the nation's infrastructure. The cracks in concrete whether major or minor are one of the weakness of concrete. These cracks will be developed over a period of time which adversely affect its strength and durability. Hence an attempt is made here using bacteria belongs to bacillus family used to heal minor cracks in concrete. These types of bacteria were introduced externallyto improve the process of Microbiologically Induced Calcite Precipitation (MICP) in concrete. It (MICP) is a technique that comes under thestudy of science called bio mineralization. Bacillus subtilis, one of the soil bacterium can induce the Precipitation of calcite. The present work is to study the potential application of bacterial species bacillus subtilis in healing the minor cracks there by improving the strength of cement concrete. Here M20 grade of concrete was used for the study. The concrete mix was prepared as per IS specifications. Testing on specimens for compression was carried out after 28 days of curing using both CTM and NDT equipment's and results are tabulated. Minor cracks less than one millimeter are induced artificially in concrete and the broth solution having bacterial culture in it are injected along the crack pattern. After healing, compressive strength was tested using NDT equipment and was found a marginal improvement in the strength criteria.


The feasibility of an innovative electrokinetic soil remediation technique for an in situ application against fuel-contaminated soil has been studied in this work. This technique combines the anodic production of oxidizing agents on boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrode surfaces with their electrokinetic distribution in soil. In this study, the production of oxidizing agents, i.e., hydroxyl radicals (OH°) and peroxodisulfate (S2O8 2 −), from a 0.85 M sodium sulfate electrolyte with mechanically implanted BDD anodes at room temperature has been investigated. It was found that about 12 mmol/L of oxidants could be produced after 10 Ah/L with a current density of 200 mA/cm2. For investigating the transport velocity of peroxodisulfate in soil a vertical column system has been created. Experimental results show linear velocity behaviour for the oxidants' migration in 100% sand soil reaching up to 2 cm/h at an electrical gradient of 4 V/cm. As for different soil textures which have been tested, the assays stated that the highest velocity can be achieved in a 100% silt soil with 3.3 cm/h.


A method for determining the statistical storage capacity of a multilayer Boolean neural network is presented. Theoretical values are compared with those obtained by computer simulation of a number of small networks.


Discrimination is up for discussion in Europe. Directives on discrimination on the grounds of gender have been in force since 1957 and in 2000 two new acts were introduced to protect people from discrimination on the grounds of racial and ethnic origin and on the grounds of religion or belief, disability, age or sexual orientation. Identifying the persons or groups who are exposed to discrimination is a basic requirement for combating discrimination. On the basis of register-based statistics, we are able to shed light on objective discrimination, i.e. the unjustifiable differences in outcomes, also in a longitudinal perspective. However, the existence of unjustifiable outcomes is not evidence that discrimination is taking place, but statistical analyses on outcomes can subsequently be used to conduct further studies, via surveys, as to why outcomes differ, as well as monitoring the level of differences in outcome nationally and internationally. In this paper, we will show some examples of statistics on access to the labor market for the elderly, for women of child-bearing age and for people of foreign origin and analyze the wage gap between men and women.


The present invention relates to a multi-level vibration detector based on electromagnetic induction and is characterized in that the detector comprises a first level vibration detection device and a second level vibration detection device above the first level vibration detection device. The first level vibration detection device and the second level vibration detection device are connected through a fixed bolt. The first level vibration detection device comprises a first level vibration detection device shell, a first level vibration indication lamp, a magnet support frame, a magnet, a coil support frame, a coil, a commutation module and a rechargeable battery. The first level vibration detection device shell is a square shell and is equipped with a rotary switch, a first level vibration indication lamp display port, a rechargeable battery shell and a first level vibration detection device safety lock. The rotary switch comprises a first level vibration detection device control switch and a second level vibration detection device control switch, and one end of the first level vibration detection device control switch is connected to the commutation module.


This presentation will serve two purposes: 1) To review the cytological aspects of in situ carcinoma and 2) Exposing our own observations of intraepithelial carcinoma.


Based on RRT* algorithm, an improved sampling-based motion planning algorithm is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the kinematics analysis of the Schunk lwa3 manipulator is performed, and the D-H model is built. Then the forward kinematics solution of the manipulator is obtained, and the working space of the manipulator is solved based on the Monte Carlo method. Finally, based on the classic RRT motion planning algorithm and the rewiring method in RRT*, the probabilistic-root rapidly-exploring random tree motion planning algorithm is designed and verified by experiments.


Research adhesion cell image segmentationd.Inmedical cell images,dues to the mixing of pixels gray scales,cells adhesion often happen,and the traditional gray level based algorithm cannot complete segmentation well.In order to solve this problem,this paper proposed a cell segmentation method based on adaptive threshold adjustment.Through the specific features of the pixels of cell adhesion,the the adaptive change of the threshold was used to distinguish different parts of the adhesion pixels,which can overcome the drawbacks of traditional method.The experiments show that the method can effectively segment medical images of adhesion cells and achieve good results.


Abstract The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cited intimate partner violence (IPV) as a serious, yet preventable public health problem that affects millions of Americans in our cou...


The objective of many high-dimensional microarray and RNA-seq studies is to develop a classifier of cancer patients based on characteristics of their disease. The germinal center B-cell (GCB) classifier study in lymphoma and the National Cancer Institute's Director's Challenge lung (DC-lung) study are two examples. In recent years, such classifiers are often developed using regularized regression, such as the lasso. A critical question is whether a better classifier can be developed from a larger training set size and, if so, how large the training set should be. This paper examines these two questions using an existing sample size method and a novel sample size method developed here specifically for lasso logistic regression. Both methods are based on pilot data. We reexamine the lymphoma and lung cancer data sets to evaluate the sample sizes, and use resampling to assess the estimation methods. We also study application to an RNA-seq data set. We find that it is feasible to estimate sample size for regularized logistic regression if an adequate pilot data set exists. The GCB and the DC-lung data sets appear adequate, under specific assumptions. Existing human RNA-seq data sets are by and large inadequate, and cannot be used as pilot data. Pilot RNA-seq data can be simulated, and the methods in this paper can be used for sample size estimation. A MATLAB program is made available.


The article deals with the problems of cross-cultural communication connected with relationships of language and society. Today this aspect assumes the great importance because diversity of cultures is in the framework of contemporary civilization and they are in the constant process of interdependence and interaction. Each culture has its own language system and with the help of this system its speakers communicate not only within their native culture, but also beyond it.
Thus, in the context the paper the author focuses on the national and cultural specificity of verbal and non-verbal communication between people of different ethnic groups by means of their national codes. National code is a goldmine for interpretation of the mentality of a nation, its spiritual culture, a mark of moral principles of people.
Non-verbal means of communication have no small part in the process of cross-cultural communication. They expose national and cultural specific features of the ethnic proup, trace back deep into its history, represent national customs and traditions. In the course of cross-cultual communication non-verbal means juxtapose "image" of different culturs, baring an invariant and variant constituent part, they not only add the speech act, but also substitute the latter.


The Pspice program is an electronic simulation package widely used in electronic ballast simulation, because Pspice is based on visual programming, then ballast modifications are easily made with this software. However, for control loop simulations Pspice is very slow, and convergence problems appear constantly, due to the high complexity in semiconductor and analog electronic component models plus the high switching frequency effects. In this paper a fast Pspice simulation scheme for an electronic ballast with closed loop controls (PI control and Sliding Mode Control: SMC), without semiconductors and analog electronic components, is proposed. Simulations, with a dynamic non linear lamp model, and experimental resuits of the electronic ballast are presented.


The European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) provides scientific support to European Union policy including nanotechnology. Within this context, the JRC launched, in February 2011, a repository for Representative Test Materials (RTMs), based on preparatory work started in 2008. It supports both EU and international research projects, and especially the OECD Working Party on Manufactured Nanomaterials (WPMN). The WPMN leads an exploratory testing programme "Testing a Representative set of Manufactured Nanomaterials" for the development and collection of data on characterisation, toxicological and ecotoxicological properties, as well as risk assessment and safety evaluation of nanomaterials. The purpose is to understand the applicability of the OECD Test Guidelines for the testing of nanomaterials as well as end-points relevant for such materials. The Repository responds to a need for nanosafety research purposes: availability of nanomaterial from a single production batch to enhance the comparability of results between different research laboratories and projects. The availability of representative nanomaterials to the international scientific community furthermore enhances and enables development of safe materials and products. The present report presents the physico-chemical characterisation of the synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide (SiO2, SAS) from the JRC repository: NM-200, NM-201, NM-202, NM-203 and NM-204. NM-200 was selected as principal material for the OECD test programme "Testing a representative set of manufactured nanomaterials". NM-200, NM-201 and NM-204 (precipitated SAS) are produced via the precipitation process, whereas NM-202 and NM-203 (fumed or pyrogenic SAS) are produced via a high temperature process. Each of these NMs originates from one respective batch of commercially manufactured SAS. They are nanostructured, i.e. they consist of aggregated primary particles. The SAS NMs may be used as a representative material in the measurement and testing with regard to hazard identification, risk and exposure assessment studies. The results for more than 15 endpoints are addressed in the present report, including physical-chemical properties, such as size and size distribution, crystallite size and electron microscopy images. Sample and test item preparation procedures are addressed. The results are based on studies by several European laboratories participating to the NANOGENOTOX Joint Action, as well as the JRC. Table of contents


Presents a new interactive tool for the guided synthesis of digital signal processing hardware. The tool is driven from a HDL. It will suggest different ways of implementing different architectures for the same specification, maintaining the correctness of implementations during the design process. The tool will automatically generate input for the Boyer Moore theorem prover from the HDL specification in order to verify the correctness of the implementations.<<ETX>>


This present paper is intended to find out the validity and reliability concerning to Mayer, Salovey and Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test – MSCEIT, a test to assess Emotional Intelligence by Factorial Analysis and Cronbach's Alpha coefficient. The sample was composed by 191 university students attending at a private institution of Pedagogy, Physical Education, Administration, Accounting and Information Systems, in the countryside of the state of Sao Paulo. The materials used were administered in a collective session in groups related with their courses. The reliability of MSCEIT was acceptable (α=0,90). The Factorial Analysis with Varimax rotation method showed three factos, explaining 61,5% of the variance of scores of the different sub-tests, which suggests disagreement with models of factors 2 and 4, reported by the authors, but can be explained when related to the precision of the sub-tests.


The problem in this research is that the teaching of school-based earthquake disaster preparedness in Lombok has not been optimal. In fact, the island of Lombok is an area with a high level of vulnerability to earthquakes. This is because one of them is the Flores Thrust which stretches from the eastern tip of the Flores Sea to the north of Bali. Thus in this study the main objective is to develop a preparedness teaching model for earthquake-prone schools. Where earthquake disaster preparedness is all efforts and activities carried out before a natural disaster occurs, during a disaster and immediately after a disaster to quickly and effectively respond to the situation or situation. The research method used is a research and development approach (Research & Development). The results showed several results including; First, the use of this preparedness teaching model shows that schools have more knowledge as a result of modeling in learning; Second, the exposure of the functions and responsibilities of one of the main leading sectors in disaster management; and The three resulting teaching models have simplified disaster management in schools because they are integrated with Social Science learning so that they are easily realized. So with the model of teaching student preparedness it will be more effective and efficient in order to improve their ability to face earthquakes that can occur at any time.


Abstract Legacy media are under threat of gradually losing a major source of their income – advertising. Consequently, media audience measurements are being developed to better suit the multimedia world in three Nordic countries: Norway, Denmark and Finland. The findings suggest that: (1) media convergence is bringing pressure to build strategic alliances among competing media that have previously operated autonomously, (2) strategic competitive alliances are not always voluntary but forced, can be formed around core resources, and may be zero-sum relationships, and (3) path dependency and dominant designs in knowledge and business processes impede change in the media industry.


Verification systems are needed for periodic verification and calibration of robots and machine tools to maintain and increase their accuracy. One of the ways to verify the volumetric accuracy of a manufacturing system is to measure the position of its head (X, Y, Z coordinates) using measurement systems that provide these results with the appropriate precision. The laser interferometer provides results with accuracy levels suitable for robot and machine tool verification applications. However, to measure the head position of manufacturing systems (X, Y, Z coordinates), the use of laser interferometers requires a prior adjustment to a reference length, since they measure incrementally. This adjustment procedure of the measurement system introduces an error in the resulting head coordinates that depends on the environmental conditions and the material of the standard element used to materialize the reference length. This paper analyzes the temperature effect in the adjustment process and how temperature errors introduced in said process affect the head 3D coordinates calculation of the Manufacturing System under inspection.


The extracellular matrix molecule TGFβ‐Induced Gene Human Clone 3 (BIGH3) is a proapoptotic protein that is upregulated by TGFβ. BIGH3 expression was increased 10‐fold in type 2 diabetic human kidney cortex compared to similarly‐aged healthy kidney cortex. We also detected elevated levels of secreted BIGH3 in tissues from diabetic mice, including eye, kidney, and the vasculature. Recombinant BIGH3 induced apoptosis in RPTEC and retinal pericytes (RP) through an integrin‐mediated pathway. Activated macrophages are found in diabetic tissues and secrete TGFβ1. We hypothesize that macrophage‐secreted TGFβ1 may account for the increased accumulation of BIGH3 and tissue damage associated with diabetic complications. To test this hypothesis, we treated VSMC, RPTEC, retinal EC, and RP with conditioned medium from human macrophages (MCM) that were incubated either at normal glucose levels or high glucose plus human LDL (diabetic condition). Cells treated with diabetic MCM exhibited increased BIGH3 expression when compared to cells incubated with non‐diabetic MCM. Immunohistochemistry performed on diabetic mice kidney cryosections showed co‐localization of macrophages with BIGH3. We therefore propose that macrophage‐derived TGFβ may be responsible for the increased secretion of BIGH3 and contribute to tissue apoptosis associated with diabetic complications. Funded by NIH/NIGMS GM60655 and SALSI.


With technique improvements, indications for laparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative surgery (LECS) for gastric subepithelial tumor (SET) are gradually expanding for tumors technically difficult to resect. However, surgical outcomes of LECS, including for esophagogastric junction (EGJ) tumors requiring advanced skills, remain unknown.


Planktonic ciliate abundance and taxonomic composition were investigated from November 1998 to January 2000 in the River Rhine at Cologne, Germany. The composition of the ciliate fauna revealed the occurrence of both typical benthic (drifting peritrichs) as well as pelagic ciliates (oligotrichs) in the potamoplankton. Oligotrich ciliates prevailed in the potamoplankton community. Peritrichs, represented almost exclusively by sessile species, appeared to be washed out from the substrate at increased water discharge during flood events. Highest abundances of ciliates were registered during the phytoplankton spring bloom, indicating a bottom-up control of ciliates during this time, an observation which was supported by laboratory experiments. In summary, the ciliate potamoplankton community of the River Rhine is controlled by a seasonally varying set of factors: 1) Flood events in early spring and autumn cause a short-term succession from drifting peritrichs to pelagic oligotrichs, 2) the phytoplankton spring bloom supports oligotrich population growth, and 3) the low water level and subsequently high grazing pressure by benthic predators (mainly the mussel Corbicula) reduce the abundance of ciliates. The latter was probably the major reason for the extremely low ciliate abundances observed during summer.


To date, analytical study has not been conducted on the growth of grain boundary cavity under lattice diffusion creep, though the growth behavior has been intensely analyzed for grain boundary diffusion creep. In this study, the growth of periodic cavities along a grain boundary is numerically simulated by obtaining a finite element solution of the Laplace equation which governs the atom flux in the grains under lattice diffusion creep. It is found that the chemical potential on the cavity surface is higher than that in the grain boundary ahead of the cavity tip. This implies that the cavity growth is stable and it maintains quasi-equilibrium shape due to the efflux of atoms from the cavity surface to the grain boundary due to the lattice diffusion. The growth rate of the cavity diameter decelerates as the cavity grows in the early stage of a/W <0.3 (a : cavity half lengtn. W : half distance between adjacent cavities) ; it is almost constant in the middle stage of 0.3


The clip-type pulsimeter equipped with a Hall sensor has a permanent magnet attached in the "Chwan" position to the center of a radial artery. The clip-type pulsimeter is composed of a hardware system measuring voltage signals. These electrical bio-signals display pulse rate, non-invasive blood pressure, respiratory rate, pulse wave velocity (PWV), and spatial pulse wave velocity (SPWV) simultaneously measured by using the radial artery pulsimeter, the electrocardiograph (ECG), and the photoplethysmograph (PPG). The findings of this research may be useful for developing a oriental-western biomedical signal storage device, that is, the new and fusion patient monitor, for a U-health-care system.


The concept of depression includes clinical conditions whose main disorder concerns mood or affect. Traditionally, this group includes depressive disorders, mania and submaniacal states, and anxiety disorders. A light form of depression is often unrecognized. The person feels chronic fatigue, weariness and discouragement to life. Depression caused by reactive factors is manifested by a smaller number of psychosomatic symptoms. According to the WHO (World Health Organization) report, by 2020 depression may become the second largest health risk after cardiovascular disease. The clinical picture of depression is dominated primarily by the depressed mood, which is felt by the patient as a state of gloom, resignation, and sadness. The patient is unable to experience joy, happiness and satisfaction. Anhedonia appears, or inability to feel any pleasures. A separate problem is the recognition of depression in the elderly age, when symptoms characteristic to depression are very often considered a normal manifestation of the body aging or as an inherent element of the somatic disease. Currently, it is estimated that as many as 40% of cases of depression in people over 65 remain undiagnosed.


Blood lead concentrations of occupationally exposed workers were measured by the atomic absorption spectrometry with graphite furnace. The concentrations of the unexposed group were also checked and compaired with those of the exposed one. The correlation of smoking habit and work duration with the blood lead concentration was also surveyed.


The present investigation has been carried out to evaluate the chemical composition of beans such as minerals, amino acids, total carbohydrates and fiber to produce high quality biscuits for treating some special diseases. In this study, the phaseolus beans flour was used as a new source of very important composition. Beans flour was irradiated at two doses (0.5 and 1.0 KGy) for preservation. Biscuits were made with supplementation of 5, 10 and 15% beans flour. All samples of biscuits were examined for chemical composition and organoleptic characteristics. Biological assay was carried out in rats maintained on 15% either irradiated or non-irradiated beans flour biscuits through determining the weight gain, serum cholesterol and triglycerides and investigating the internal organs. The results obtained showed that biscuits containing 15% phaseolus beans flour had highest content of protein, minerals and fiber and scored a goal grade. Weight gain, cholesterol and triglycerides levels were reduced comparable to control and there was no effect of irradiated beans flour on the internal organs.


1. A compound of formula I:! ! I! wherein Q represents halogen, cyano, C1-C4alkyl, C1-C4haloalkyl, C2-C4alkenil and his epoxides, C2-C4galogenalkenil and his epoxides, C2-C4alkinil or C2-C4galogenalkinil; ! R1 represents H or C1-C4 alkyl; ! W represents H or halogen; ! X is halogen; ! Y represents halogen, C1-C4alkyl, C1-C4alkoxy, C1-C4 alkylthio, C1-C4haloalkyl, C1-C4haloalkoxy groups, C1-C4galogenalkiltio, -NR2R3, C1-C4 alkoxy-substituted C1-C4alkyl, C1-C4haloalkoxy groups, substituted C1-C4alkyl, C2-C4alkenil, C2-C4galogenalkenil or C1-C4haloalkyl-substituted carbonyl; ! Z represents halogen, C1-C4alkyl or C1-C4haloalkyl; ! And R2 and R3 independently represent H or C1-C4 alkyl; ! and acceptable from the point of view of agriculture derivatives of the carboxylic acid. ! 2. A compound of Claim 1 wherein acceptable agriculturally derivatives of the carboxylic acids are acceptable from the standpoint of economy agricultural salts, esters and amides. ! 3. A compound according to claim 1, wherein Q represents Cl, Br or C2-C4alkenil; R1 represents H; W represents H; X represents F; Y represents F or OCH3; and Z represents Cl. ! 4. A herbicidal composition comprising a herbicidally effective amount of a compound of formula I: ! I! Wherein Q represents halogen, cyano, C1-C4alkyl, C1-C4haloalkyl, C2-C4alkenil and his epoxides, C2-C4galogenalkenil and his epoxides, C2-C4alkinil, C2-C4galogenalkinil, C1-C4alkoxy, C1-C4haloalkoxy groups, C1- C4 alkylthio or C1-C4galogenalkiltio; ! R1 represents H or C1-C4 alkyl; ! W represents H or halogen; ! X represents H or halogen; ! Y represents halogen, C1-C4alkyl, C1-C4alkoxy,


Through experimentation, a continuous wave oxygen-iodine chemical laser was achieved. When the amount of chlorine flow was 50mmol/s, the output power reached 1kW. In conjunction with this, measurements were made of beam divergence angles, investigating the relationships between beam divergence angles and power as well as cavity reflector curvature radii.