ensure that later clinical trials will be successful, and the results of future research may not be consistent with past positive results or may fail to meet regulatory approval requirements for the safety and efficacy of product candidates; different methodologies, assumptions and applications we use to assess particular safety or efficacy parameters may yield different statistical results, and even if we believe the data collected from clinical trials of our product candidates are positive, these data may not be sufficient to support approval by the FDA or other global regulatory authorities; certain programs may never advance in the clinic or may be discontinued for a number of reasons, including regulators imposing a clinical hold and us suspending or terminating clinical research or trials; if the actual number of patients suffering from the diseases we aim to treat is smaller than estimated, our revenue and ability to achieve profitability may be adversely affected; we may not be able to execute on our business plans, including meeting our expected or planned regulatory milestones and timelines, research and clinical development plans, and bringing our product candidates to market, for various reasons, some of which may be outside of our control, including possible limitations of company financial and other resources, manufacturing limitations that may not be anticipated or resolved for in a timely manner, the COVID-19 pandemic and regulatory, court or agency decisions, such as decisions by the United States Patent and Trademark Office with respect to patents that cover our product candidates; and those risks identified under the heading "Risk Factors" in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended 2021 and our most recent Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) as well as other SEC filings made by the Company which you are encouraged to review.


Introduction. Subjective well-being is one of the indicators of success and a basis of person`s socio-psychological adjustment to uncertain situations and unstable social relations. The complexity of this phenomenon requires clarifying its structure. Aim. To determine the structure of students' subjective well-being. Methods. Cognitive Features of Subjective Well-Being (KOSB-4) (O. Kaliuk, O. Savchenko), Subjective Well-Being Scale (A. Perrudet-Badoux, G. Mendelsohn, J. Chiche, adapted by M. Sokolova), Life Satisfaction Index A, LSIA (B.L. Neugarten, adapted by N. Panina), Arousability and Optimism Scale, AOS (I.S. Schuller, A.L. Comunian, adapted by N. Vodopyanova). The methodological basis is a structural-functional approach. Factor and correlation analyses were done using «STATISTICA 10.0». Results. Empirical verification of the author's model of subjective well-being revealed the existence of three independent components in its structure (cognitive-behavioral, emotional, and contrasting). Conclusions. Students' cognitive and behavioral aspects of well-being are not separated, they form a single factor. There is a polarity in well-being in the form of positive and negative factors.


The present invention relates to a biological scanner for scanning biological raw pad. Biological life is a mess can be loaded into the biological scanner. During loading of the biological raw pad, the biological scanner may form an image of the plate and performs an analysis of the image. An example of the different emission characteristics that facilitate the automatic release of the plate from biological scanner self loading of the plate in the transport and handling characteristics and the scanner to facilitate the proper positioning embodiment. An example additional embodiment relates to a feature that allows the attachment to a mounting platform of the scanner in the different possible positions of the scanner unit of a biological scanner. Biological raw pad, scanner, bacteria, agents, imaging, automatic loading mechanism, mounted the platform, the discharge port, drawers


1. Introduction 2. Practice, reason, context: the dialogue between theory and experiment 3. The discipline of nature and the nature of disciplines 3. The discipline of nature and the nature of disciplines 4. Social interests and the organic physics of 1847 5. Science for the clinic: science policy and the formation of Carl Ludwig's Institute in Leipzig 6. The politics of vision optics, painting, and ideology in Germany 1845-95 7. A magic bullet: research for profit and the growth of knowledge in Germany around 1900 8. Practical reason and the construction of knowledge: the lifeworld of Haber-Bosch 9. Instrument makers and discipline builders: the case of nuclear magnetic resonance Notes Index.


Reinforcement learning (RL) is thought to underlie the acquisition of vocal skills like birdsong and speech, where sounding like one's "tutor" is rewarding. Yet, we find that the standard actor-critic RL model of birdsong learning fails to account for juvenile zebra finches' efficient learning of an inventory of multiple syllables. But when we replace a single actor with multiple independent actors that jointly maximize a common intrinsic reward, then birds' empirical learning trajectories are accurately reproduced. Importantly, the influence of each actor (syllable) on the magnitude of global reward is competitively determined by its acoustic similarity to target syllables. This leads to each actor matching the target it is closest to, and occasionally, to the competitive exclusion of an actor from the learning process (i.e., the learned song). We propose that a competitive-cooperative multi-actor (MARL) algorithm is key for the efficient learning of the action inventory of a complex skill.


It is shown by means of multi-fluid particle-in-cell simulations that convergence of the spherical shock wave that propagates through the inner gas of inertial confinement fusion-relevant experiments is accompanied by a separation of deuterium (D) and tritium (T) ions across the shock front. Deuterons run ahead of the tritons due to their lower mass and higher charge-to-mass ratio and can reach the center several tens of picoseconds before the tritons. The rising edge of the DD and TT fusion rate is also temporally separated by the same amount, which should be an observable in experiments and would be a direct proof of the "stratification conjecture" on the shock front [Amendt et al., Phys. Plasmas 18, 056308 (2011)]. Moreover, dephasing of the D and T shock components in terms of density and temperature leads to a degradation of the DT fusion yield as the converging shock first rebounds from the fuel center (shock yield). For the parameters of this study, the second peak in the fusion yield (compression ...


Several recent studies raise interesting questions on the relation between colonialism and the development of a progressive modern intelligentsia. These questions are raised most clearly by recent changes in Algeria, Tunisia, and Iran. These three modern states, all located on the periphery of the Islamic core area, have nevertheless been marked strongly by Islam as a religious faith. Thus, for example, Bourdieu states in his recent study of Algeria that


The mechanism of methanol steam reforming for hydrogen production over the catalysts,especially the copper-based catalyst systems,is reviewed.The relationships between structure and activity of the catalysts are summarized,and the future devel- opment of the catalysts is also discussed.


Print shows a variety of bath soaps.
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Printed on verso of Rosenthal's Camp "N. P. Banks," Col. Collis' regiment of Zouaves d'Afrique.


This annotated bibliography includes a variety of resources related to the concept of " Internet addiction " a disorder gaining increased attention as the use of the web, " smart " cell phones, and online computer games grows. Some researchers and clinicians do not believe that excessive use of technology constitutes a " disorder; " others feel strongly that it is an addiction similar to gambling or substance abuse. The bibliography includes magazine and peer-reviewed journal articles, books, online resources, and measures to screen and assess internet addiction. Friedman JC. Understanding, assessing and treating online role playing game addiction. This article reviews the signs and symptoms of online gaming addiction, the social and clinical issues, addiction potential, and effective treatment and recovery programs. This essay addresses the question of whether or not excessive and seemingly detrimental use of video games (both arcade-style and computer/internet-based) can be considered an " addiction, " and, if so, how the disease can be clearly defined. This professional magazine article examines the debate over Internet addiction and the negative impact that debate is having on the ability of those afflicted with the disorder to get help. Ross W. A World Wide Woe: Internet addiction sounds like a punch line, but it ruined my brother's life.cle discusses ReSTART, the first residential recovery program for Internet and video game addicts in the U.S. A discussion of the costs and services of the program, which lasts 45 days and takes place in the Washington state home of social worker Cosette Rae, is presented. A camp in Qihang, China promises to cure children of Internet addiction, an ailment that has grown into one of China's most feared public health hazards. This blog presents research from a University of Maryland study about college students and addiction to social networking. This center, founded by Dr. David Greenfield, provides a forum to educate, train, and prevent the negative behaviors that may result from Internet and other digital addictions.


Key Points Question Was fan attendance at National Football League (NFL) games during the 2020-2021 season associated with subsequent spikes in COVID-19 cases in-county and in contiguous counties? Findings In this cross-sectional study of NFL games attended by a total 1.3 million fans, the presence of large numbers of fans at NFL games was associated with increases in the incidence of COVID-19 cases both in the counties in which these venues were located and contiguous counties. Specifically, NFL games that had 20 000 fans in attendance had 2.23 times the rate of spikes in COVID-19, but NFL games with fewer than 5000 fans in attendance did not generate any spikes. Meaning This analysis suggests that in-person attended games during the NFL's 2020 season were associated with subsequent spikes in COVID-19 cases, and that the spikes were most prominent when attendance was over 20 000 persons.


This paper describes the extension of a manufacturing control structure for the control of a closed loop conveyor which delivers parts and raw materials to a number of workstations. The control structure is based on ordinary Petri nets which have been extended to allow the addition of external inputs and outputs. These nets are designed as modules which can be linked, via condition signals, to form the control structure of more complex systems. The possibilities of further expansion of the control structure to include scheduling systems and manufacturing information systems is also described. Finally the proposed application of such controllers to fault monitoring and diagnosis is discussed.


Bumiller, Kristin, 2008. In an abusive state: how neoliberalism appropriated the feminist movement against sexual violence. Durham and London: Duke University Press, ISBN 9780-8223-4220-5, £48.00 (hardback); ISBN 978-0-8223-4239-7, £12.99 (paperback), 215 pp. Comfort, Megan, 2008. Doing time together: love and family in the shadow of the prison. Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press, ISBN 0-226-11462-7, US$55.00/£28.50 (hardback); ISBN 0-226-11463-5, US$22.00/£11.50 (paperback), 262 pp. Dewan, Indra Angeli, 2008. Recasting race: women of mixed heritage in further education. Stoke on Trent, UK and Sterling, USA: Trentham Books, ISBN 978-1858-564050, £16.99 (paperback), 185 pp. Dufourmantelle, Anne, 2008. Blind date: sex and philosophy. Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press, ISBN 978-0-252-07488-2, £10.99 (paperback), 113 pp. Engelhardt Herringer, Carol, 2008. Victorians and the Virgin Mary: religion and gender in England, 1830–85. Manchester: Manchester University Press, ISBN 978-0-7190-7753-1, £55.00 (hardback), 221 pp. Ferriss, Suzanne and Young, Mallory, eds, 2008. Chick flicks: contemporary women at the movies. London and New York: Routledge, ISBN 0-415-96255-2, US$95.00 (hardback); ISBN 0-415-96256-0, US$26.96 (paperback), 259 pp. Fletcher, Lisa, 2008. Historical romance fiction: heterosexuality and performativity. Aldershot and Burlington: Ashgate, ISBN 978-0-7546-6202-0, £50.00 (hardback), 177 pp. George, Sam, 2007. Botany, sexuality and women's writing 1760–1830: from modest shoot to forward plant. Manchester: Manchester University Press, ISBN 978-0-7190-7697-8, £55.00 (hardback), 261 pp. Holden, Philip, 2008. Autobiography and decolonization: modernity, masculinity, and the nation-state. Madison and London: The University of Wisconsin Press, ISBN 978-0-29922610-7, US$55.00 (hardback), 279 pp. Jarman-Ivens, Freya, 2007. Oh boy! Masculinities and popular music. New York and London: Routledge, ISBN 0-415-97821-1, £19.99 (paperback), 279 pp. Radstone, Susannah, 2007. The sexual politics of time: confession, nostalgia, memory. London and New York: Routledge, ISBN 978-0-415-06690-7, £70.00 (hardback); ISBN 978-0-41506691-4, £21.99 (paperback), 255 pp. Scott, Joan Wallach, ed., 2008. Women's studies on the edge. Durham and London: Duke University Press, ISBN 978-0-8223-4252-6, £48.00 (hardback); ISBN 978-0-8223-4274-8, £12.99 (paperback), 223 pp. Sharify-Funk, Meena, 2008. Encountering the transnational: women, Islam and the politics of interpretation. Aldershot and Burlington: Ashgate, ISBN 978-0-7546-7123-7, £55.00 (hardback), 203 pp. Stryker, Susan, 2008. Transgender history. Berkeley, CA: Seal Press, ISBN 978-1-58005-2245, US$12.95 (paperback), 190 pp. Tomsen, Stephen, 2008. Crime, criminal justice and masculinities. Aldershot and Burlington: Ashgate, ISBN 978-0-7546-2740-1, £130.00 (hardback), 491 pp.


We present new measurements of the vertical density profile of the Earth's atmosphere at altitudes between 70 and 200 km, based on Earth occultations of the Crab Nebula observed with the X‐ray Imaging Spectrometer onboard Suzaku and the hard X‐ray Imager onboard Hitomi. X‐ray spectral variation due to the atmospheric absorption is used to derive tangential column densities of the absorbing species, that is, N and O including atoms and molecules, along the line of sight. The tangential column densities are then inverted to obtain the atmospheric number density. The data from 219 occultation scans at low latitudes in both hemispheres from September 15, 2005 to March 26, 2016 are analyzed to generate a single, highly averaged (in both space and time) vertical density profile. The density profile is in good agreement with the Naval‐Research‐Laboratory's‐Mass‐Spectrometer‐Incoherent‐Scatter‐Radar‐Extended (NRLMSISE‐00) model, except for the altitude range of 70–110 km, where the measured density is ∼50% smaller than the model. Such a deviation is consistent with the recent measurement with the SABER aboard the TIMED satellite (Cheng et al., 2020, https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11040341). Given that the NRLMSISE‐00 model was constructed some time ago, the density decline could be due to the radiative cooling/contracting of the upper atmosphere as a result of greenhouse warming in the troposphere. However, we cannot rule out a possibility that the NRL model is simply imperfect in this region. We also present future prospects for the upcoming Japan‐US X‐ray astronomy satellite, X‐Ray Imaging and Spectroscopy Mission (XRISM), which will allow us to measure atmospheric composition with unprecedented spectral resolution of ΔE ∼ 5 eV in 0.3–12 keV.


The peculiarities of punctuation in graffiti are regarded in this article. The great attention is given to regularities of punctuation sings forming in graffiti and also to interaction of stops in a text.


Introduction Recent studies have evaluated the use of atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation gas chromatography mass spectrometry for quantitative analysis of polychlorinated dibenzop-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans, as well as other persistent organic pollutants such as polyaromatic hydrocarbons. Fundamental to the suitability of this ionisation technique for this purpose is the reproducibility of the ionisation efficiency and hence the recorded peak response. It has been found that one of the most significant factors in the variation of peak response from one analytical run to the next is how the coronal discharge process is affected by the elution of the diluent solvent, which precedes the elution of the analytes of interest during the GC run. This study describes the inimical effects of the solvent front for this ionisation technique and discloses methods for its mitigation.


In this paper we presented an analytical and experimental approach for measurement of the plasma internal inductance in IR-T1 tokamak. For this purpose, a diamagnetic loop with its compensation coil, and also an array of magnetic probes were designed, constructed, and installed on outer surface of the IR-T1 tokamak chamber, and the poloidal beta and the Shafranov parameter and then the internal inductance measured. Moreover, a few approximate values of the internal inductance for different possible profiles of the plasma current density are also calculated.


The design of an automatic time-delay relay is described. For certain types of mercury-rectifier tubes no plate voltage should be applied for at least one-half minute after the filament current is turned on if the peak inverse potential exceeds 2100 volts. During a six-months' test of this relay on a special radio transmitter it has not failed to function at any time.


This study, based on a sample of 3,592 young people in North Carolina, has produced data concerning (1) widespread ignorance of the purpose of the premarital medical examination; (2) hopes held by patients that the physician will give the extended type of premarital examination and especially that he offer, unasked, contraceptive and sexual counsel during conferences with the pair who are to be married; (3) the need to extend sex education to younger age groups; and (4) the distinction made by youth about the respective roles of the physician and the clergyman. The premarital medical examination provides an initial opportunity to give sexual and contraceptive counseling to individuals as well as couples. Physicians could probably be of great service to patients if at this time they would suggest that the couple return to a physician after one to three months of marriage, to talk over problems or questions that have arisen during the initial stage of their relationship.


Cystine stone formation is a common development in cystinuric subjects. mainly in homozygotes (1). Hydromechanic disturbance and recurrent urinary tract infection are frequent in patients with cystine lithiasis and often lead to renal failure (2). Since preventive treatment has shown to be feasible (3). early diagnosis of cystine lithiasis. based upon detection of cystinuria and demonstration of cystine as the main stone component, is of the utmost importance. In the present communication we report our experience with treatment by alkalinization and d-penicillamine in a large series of cystine lithiatic patients with prolonged follow-up.


Not long ago, New York City subways were, in more ways than one, the pits. Poorly maintained, graffiti-smeared cars were braking down at 10 times the normal rate. At one time, 2,000 cars out of a fleet of 6,000 were out of service. Riders with an option fled the system. There seemed very little the impoverished Metropolitan Transportation Authority of New York could do about it. The article looks at the ways and the reasons how the NYC transit moved from the world's worst system to arguably the best.


Traditional culture of politics in China centred on small-scale peasant economy,supreme monarchic power and ties of consanguinity.Which basic characteristic was the principle of democracy in autocracy,paying attention to practiced operation of politics and method of administering country,tendency of value in clan's ethics,and united propriety's model of ruling bymen.Concerning traditional culture of politics,the attitude should critically assimilate,continuous innovation and bold conversation.Meanwhile,which realized culture of politics transited toward modernization.


Each of us during their working life should create a reserve of funds needed to ensure a secure and carefree old age in the future. The last 20 years, with independence, the citizens of the countries of the former USSR did accumulation of funds in various ways, but in most cases this led not to their growth, but mainly to the loss, while in the leading foreign countries, nationals of their savings not only ensure a decent life in old age, but made a huge contribution to the prosperity of their country in General. What is the accumulation? As we understand this concept, and as I see it abroad? The answers to these and many other questions do not lie only in their understanding, but in the psychological aspects invested in person at the time of its formation in the early years of life.


Good oral health is the condition of free of illnesses that empowers to perform ordinary capacities. It is accounted for that there is a cozy connection between oral illnesses and other foundational diseases like diabetes, digestive disease, stroke, cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, adverse pregnancy outcomes, obesity, et al. So, it is important to maintain good oral health and one must have knowledge of oral health and how to maintain dental and oral hygiene. The main objective of this study is to identify the knowledge of oral health among 35 to 45-year people of Rural Nepal. the study had adopted the mixed design (method) – both quantitative and qualitative tools were used to collect the data. It was a cross-sectional study. The study was conducted in four Rural Municipalities of Lalitpur district: Gotikhel, Chaughare, Malta and Bhardah. The data was collected from 369 respondents by using the structured survey questionnaire. The majority of people (68%) reported that they had heard of oral disease. Though, still, 32% had no knowledge of oral health. There was a significant association between the literate and illiterate on the basis of hearing about the oral disease because of p =.000 which is lesser than .05 significant level. Radio and Television were the main source of getting knowledge of oral health. All the household may not have equal access on the Radio and Television program so there was a need to organize the awareness campaign in rural society to aware the people.


In superconducting qubits, the interaction of the qubit degree of freedom with quasiparticles defines a fundamental limitation for the qubit coherence. We develop a theory of the pure dephasing rate \Gamma_{\phi} caused by quasiparticles tunneling through a Josephson junction and of the inhomogeneous broadening due to changes in the occupations of Andreev states in the junction. To estimate \Gamma_{\phi}, we derive a master equation for the qubit dynamics. The tunneling rate of free quasiparticles is enhanced by their large density of states at energies close to the superconducting gap. Nevertheless, we find that \Gamma_{\phi} is small compared to the rates determined by extrinsic factors in most of the current qubit designs (phase and flux qubits, transmon, fluxonium). The split transmon, in which a single junction is replaced by a SQUID loop, represents an exception that could make possible the measurement of \Gamma_{\phi}. Fluctuations of the qubit frequency leading to inhomogeneous broadening may be caused by the fluctuations in the occupation numbers of the Andreev states associated with a phase-biased Josephson junction. This mechanism may be revealed in qubits with small-area junctions, since the smallest relative change in frequency it causes is of the order of the inverse number of transmission channels in the junction.


Abstract The task of astrotheology is to speculate on the theological, cultural, and ethical implications of space exploration, especially the exploration of astrobiologists into the (1) origin of life; (2) a second genesis of life; and (3) expansion of life beyond earth. When assumptions within the field of astrobiology are examined, we find that the Darwinian model of evolutionary development is imaginatively projected onto extrasolar planets; and this model includes a built-in doctrine of progress. The assumption of progress within evolution permits astrobiologists to look forward to contact with an extraterrestrial civilization that is more intelligent and more advanced than that on earth. Such an extraterrestrial civilization will allegedly have an advanced science that can save earth from its primitive and under-evolved propensity for violence. However, no empirical evidence for a more highly evolved or advanced civilization currently exists, despite these beliefs. The theologian labels the constellation of scientific assumptions here the "ETI myth." Astrotheology celebrates hard-nosed empirical science and even encourages space exploration; but the mythical assumptions regarding the doctrine of progress within evolution are here given critical analysis.


The waveguiding properties of nitride laser diodes are investigated by calculating the optical field inside and by measuring the far field pattern behind the structures. The layer design of the diodes leads to a zeroth order TE mode in transverse direction with an optical confinement factor of Γ = 0.027. The far field pattern behind the samples is rather streaky. Higher-order modes guide the intensity due to the fact that the lateral waveguide is too wide. The interdependence between the density of stripes in the far field pattern and the ridge width is analysed.


The Ebola epidemic has pushed already weak healthcare systems into intensive care as Liberian minister Axel Addy appeals for international help to tackle the spread of the disease


Modern cars use advanced electronic systems that help the driver with the driving process - so-called Advanced Driver-Assistance Systems (ADAS). ADAS systems are used to automate, customize and improve systems within a vehicle for greater safety and better driving experience. Since ADAS systems as such can have a significant impact on the driving process, the vehicle and the driver, they must be thoroughly tested and developed within many industry standards. The key factor in their work is communication between individual system components. This standardized communication is necessary to test, which is usually performed by developing AUTomotive Open System Architecture (AUTOSAR) communication tests. Since ADAS testing can be quite a complex and time-consuming process, automated testing is performed in an appropriate testing environment. In this paper, existing ADAS environment testing systems is presented, which generates a test environment for the simulation of communication in the middle layer (Middleware) of AUTOSAR architecture. Test Environment Generator (TEG) is a Python program for processing ARXML test files based on which it generates a test environment model in the form of separate components in the C programming language. The program consists of input data parsing, parsed data storing and components generation that build the test environment. Based on the detected disadvantages of the existing TEG, several modifications are proposed in order to accelerate its execution time and to introduce more robust and stable data storage methods in database form.


A dry two-layer linear-balanced model is used to investigate the relative effects of the horizontal and vertical shears of the zonal flow over the Arabian Sea in the early phase of the onset of the southwest monsoon in 1979. The basic state is obtained from the MONEX data. Two aspects of the cyclogenesis which immediately preceded the onset of the monsoon can be adequately accounted for by the process of dynamic instability mainly associated with the horizontal shear of the basic flow. These two aspects are the growth rate and the scale selection of the disturbance. To this extent, the results of this study agree with Krishnamurti et al. (1981). But the mainly barotropic instability mechanism incorrectly predicts two other aspects of the cyclogenesis. The maximum intensity of the disturbance is predicted on the southern flank of the jet and the vertical extent of the disturbance is essentially confined to the lower troposphere. These discrepancies reflect the limitations of a dry model. The vertical shear and stratification significantly influence the structure of the disturbance although their effect on the growth rate is small. The comparison of the linear-balanced model results with the quasi-geostrophic model results suggests that the full variation of the Coriolis parameter with latitude should be retained in future modeling of the onset-vortex. DOI: 10.1111/j.2153-3490.1982.tb01825.x


It is known that Helicobacter pylori is a cause of chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer disease in humans. However the origin and transmission of this bacterium has not been clearly explained. One of the suggested theories is transmission from animal sources such as milk from animals to human beings. In this study, the presence of Helicobacter spp and H. pylori was investigated in different animal samples such as milk, feces and abomasal contents of cow, sheep and goats. For this purpose, a total of 80 milk samples and 60 samples from feces and abomasal contents collected from the south west regions of Iran were examined by specific cultural procedures and PCR. H. pylori was not isolated from any sample except one goat fecal sample as indicated by culture and PCR. It is suggested that H. pylori is not present in animal sources collected from different region of Iran and transmission of H. pylori from animal sources such as milk is not a primary factor in infection related to this bacterium in humans, but the possibility of other modes of transmission from environmental samples to humans should be considered.


Antenna size has to be small enough in order to meet the requirements for manufacturing mobile units. For designing an antenna it has to be smaller in size and the antenna bandwidth has to be maximum. Patch antenna is considered as best antenna to be used at all the higher frequencies. A patch antenna is made up of dielectric substrate and patch on top of it. Most commonly used patches are rectangular and circular since both patch antennas achieves maximum bandwidth. Patch antenna are used in UWB applications and also reduces interference between narrow band and UWB band systems. Different slots and tuning stubs are employed to achieve a larger bandwidth extending from 3.1 to 10.6 GHz, greater impedance matching, a broader radiation pattern, and good bidirectionality. One antenna is designed with rectangular tuning stub and tapered slot and another with hexagonal tuning stub and square slot and results are compared. And from the comparison it is found that compact hexagon slot antenna offered a low profile, wideband, high gain, compact antenna element and low cost wireless communication. Both antennas are designed using microstrip line and studied at a resonant frequency of 5.5 GHz with FR4 dielectric substrate and 4.4 relative permittivity. With a return loss of -36db, the proposed hexagon slot antenna provides extremely higher matching impedance, consistent gain, and steady radiation patterns throughout an operational bandwidth of 4–10 GHz, covering a vast portion of the UWB. Different tuning stubs and slot shapes will vary the impedance matching. The antenna is developed, manufactured, and tested using High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS).


https://doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2022.19.1.0133 Abstract Background: The major forms of sickle cell disease are characterized by hemolysis. The extent of this hemolysis may itself depend on the form of the disease even in the steady-state. This study aims to compare the indirect bilirubin level between the homozygous and beta plus sickle cell anemia (SAFA 2 ) in the steady-state conditions. Material and methods: Fifty subjects of each forms, homozygous and beta plus sickle cell anemia were enrolled in a comparative hospital-based cross-sectional study from April 2008 to May 2008 at the laboratory of the university hospital of Yopougon, Ivory Coast. Subjects of each form awaiting their visits were selected from the database of the patients regularly followed in the clinical hematology department of Yopougon University Hospital. During their visits, clinical and socio-demographic data were collected, and a blood sample was also taken to carry out biological examinations. Blood count and bilirubin testing were performed by using Sysmex Kx-21 ™ and BioMérieux KONELAB-20 ™ , respectively. Data were analysis in the software Statistical Product and Service Solutions version 12.0. Shapiro test was used to verify data normality and Student t-test for the comparison of parametric data means or Mann-Whitney's independent test for none-parametric data. Pearson Chi square tests or Yate's correction test for continuity where the first test was not appropriate. The threshold of statistical significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. Results: The median Hb was higher in SAFA 2 patients compared to homozygous SSFA 2 patients 10.7 g/dL [IQR = 8] vs 7.3 g/dL [IQR = 7]; p < 0.001. In contrast, the median of indirect bilirubin was lower in SAFA 2 patients compared to SSFA 2 patients 5.6 μmol/L [IQR = 10] vs 15.1 μmol/L [IQR = 13], p < 0.001. The ratio of these two medians shows that subjects SAFA 2 hemolysis 2.7 times less than the homozygous subjects SSFA 2 in the steady-state. Out of the one hundred subjects, indirect hyperbilirubinemia defined as indirect bilirubin median > 14 μmol/L was higher in men than in women 79.2% vs 20.8%, p = 0.01 whereas patients age groups was not associated to indirect hyperbilirubinemia, p = 0.4. Conclusion: Our data suggest that the hemolysis is higher in subjects SSFA 2 than SAFA 2 subjects in the steady-state. This marked chronic hemolysis of SSFA 2 subjects must be taken into account when it comes to give a comprehensive care to these acute manifestation of sickle cell disease in the 15 days preceding patients visits at the physician office. Clinical and sociodemographic data were recorded for all subject by the physicians. Venous whole blood were collected in an EDTA and in a dry tubes for total blood count and biochemistry analysis purpose for each fasting patient. The blood count was performed by Sysmex Kx-21 ™ analyzer whereas the biochemical parameters, direct bilirubinemia and total bilirubinemia were made on KONELAB-20 ™ analyzer. Data were captured in Microsoft Excel® version 2.0 and exported to Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) version 23.0 (IBM Corp. 2015, Armonk, NY) software for statistical analysis. Descriptive statistics were presented as mean values ± standard deviation (SD) or medians with interquartile ranges (IQRs) for none normal continuous variables, and proportions (as percentages) for categorical variables. Tables and graphical representations were used to summarize the data. Statistical associations of dependent and independent variables were assessed using Chi square tests or Yate's correction test for continuity where Chi square test was not appropriate. All tests were 2-tailed and p-values of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.


Background: Acute and transient psychotic disorder (ATPD) characterized by acute onset of polymorphic psychotic symptomatology and rapid resolution. The aim of this study was to identify the role of stressful life events among patients with ATPD. Methods: The study included 50 patients attending psychiatric OPD and admitted patients in psychiatric wards, at a tertiary care center of Rajasthan, India who were clinically screened for acute and transient psychotic disorder. The patients, suggestive of suffering from ATPD, were thoroughly evaluated for the diagnosis by using ICD-10 criteria for the ATPD and the diagnosis confirmed by a consultant psychiatrist. All the participants were subjected to presumptive stressful life event scale (PSLE) for assessing the role of stressful life events among patients with ATPD. Results: Out of fifty patients, 58% were female and 42% were male. 82% patients were experienced stressful life events before the onset of first episode of acute and transient psychotic disorder. Female experience more stress in areas like death or illness of a family member, marriage or engagement, violence. Whereas male were experienced more stress in areas like marital and family conflicts, financial or occupational problem.Conclusion: Present study highlights that the stressful life events have substantial relationship with the onset of acute and transient psychotic disorder.


In 1986, George Pimentel, then the president of the American Chemical Society, had an idea to better educate the public about the crucial role of chemistry in everyday life: Introduce a National Chemistry Day. "His overall vision was for an educated and enlightened citizenry," says Jeanne Pimentel, George's widow. "Unless people understood things like science, they wouldn't have the judgment to vote for the right things in politics." But as George Pimentel quickly discovered, not everyone at ACS shared his vision. Some argued that the outreach initiative would take resources away from established programs. Others wondered whether the increased attention toward chemistry, which had a negative reputation, would bring bad rather than good publicity to the society. "He had a terrible time getting it through the ACS and the powers that be," Jeanne Pimentel recalls of George's efforts to get National Chemistry Day approved by the ACS Board. Nevertheless, George


SUMMERY: The influence of metal pretreating on the properties of adhesively bonded joints was investigated. AlMg3 and several pre-treatment methods were used. The pre-treated surfaces and the joints were characterized using: SEM/EDX, XPS, EIS, surface tension, DMA, μTA and the determination of mechanical parameters. The highest bond strengths were obtained using anodic oxidation in phosphoric acid as the pre-treatment method.


The HKC was introduced into general practice in 2008, policy that reflected advances in neuroscience (eg, the evolution of brain architecture, critical time points for development and the benefits of early intervention) and significant health shifts towards prevention. Uptake of the health assessment was slow (16% of eligible children in its first year) and beset by argument about a lack of evidence for some of its mandatory components and by scaremongering about labelling 3-year-olds with mental health diagnoses. In the ensuing negative debate, it was easy to forget major barriers to preventive health care before the HKC: sick child consultations, poor remuneration, lack of time, resources and training, and the ever-increasing demands of chronic disease management in an ageing population. Nevertheless, over the next 7 years, uptake of the HKC climbed to 50%, as practice nurses were upskilled and parents were incentivised by tax benefits. Our research with practitioners, 3 years after its introduction, indicated that in some circumstances, the HKC had acted as a catalyst for general practitioner and practice nurse (PN) role development, and in some cases promoted an entire practice shift towards preventive health care for young children. The important contribution made by PNs, in particular, has been overlooked by the government in its statement that GPs can continue to provide health assessments as part of Medicare-funded general GP attendance items, because PNs are excluded from those services.


Today, first of all, practising psychologists note a trend that manifests itself in the need to form a high level of culture, which is a necessary component of the personality of professionals with higher education. The article is devoted to the analysis of scientific approaches to understanding the phenomenon of "corporate culture" and "corporate culture in higher education institutions", as well as to creating a model of formation of the corporate culture of the leader in the organization. The purpose of the study is a theoretical justification and empirical study of the effectiveness of the training model "Inspiration and support on the way to achieving the goal" for the development of components of corporate culture of the manager. The objectives of the study were to select and implement various training techniques aimed at developing the corporate culture of the manager. Socio-psychological training was used to implement the tasks. The mechanisms of updating the corporate culture of educational institutions are theoretically analyzed. The results of an empirical study of the meaning-life orientations of managers (the basic component of the value-semantic sphere) are presented; a comparative analysis of their indicators was carried out. The components of corporate culture are revealed and the Program of the training model of effective development of components of corporate culture of the head in the organization is directed, directed on: mastering the active skills of interaction between managers and employees of the organization; self-organization and design of own activity; formation of socio-moral position in the process of interpersonal and business interaction; developing in managers partnership and leadership qualities, communication skills and abilities. The developed model helps to expand the manager ideas about leadership and ways to manage a small group; provides activation of leadership potential as a set of skills of self-management and management of other people; allows you to feel the advantages and difficulties of leadership positions, to identify their strengths and weaknesses in terms of leadership in certain situations, to master the techniques of leadership and group cohesion, to develop leadership skills.


We investigate the predictive factors of firm innovation capacity (FIC), proxied by intangible assets, as a means towards sustainable competitive advantage in a world of global change and innovation. The primary aim of this paper is to identify the key factors shaping a firm's innovation capacity management style. We use panel data for 1,942 firms (20,171 observations) in Germany, France, Italy, the United Kingdom, United States, and Spain, over the period 1999 to 2014. Our results show that capabilities driven by corporate governance mechanisms currently constitute the pivotal support for firms' innovation capacity (FIC). Our main findings are that corporate governance drivers such as executive incentives (E-P) and the presence of independent nonexecutive directors (INEDs) have a bearing on FIC. Meanwhile, managerial performance (MP) and institutional shareholder activism (AI) emerge as basic motivational instruments and mechanisms of alignment between firm ownership and control. The influence of incentives and INEDs is found to be negative and that of institutional shareholder activism and MP to be positive. With respect to the business context, we find evidence of higher efficiency in firm disciplinary mechanisms in the Anglo-American than in the Continental corporate governance model.


The invention provides a suspension powder-injection preparation of an amoxicillin sodium, and flucloxacillin sodium medicinal composition and new application thereof, and particularly discloses a suspension powder-injection preparation of an amoxicillin sodium and flucloxacillin sodium medicinal composition and a method for preparing the same. The suspension powder-injection preparation comprises the following components in part by weight: 1 part of amoxicillin sodium, 1 part of flucloxacillin sodium, 2 to 18 parts of emulsifier, 0.5 to 12 parts of auxiliary emulsifier and 3 to 20 parts of freeze-dry supporting agent. Furthermore, the invention relates to the application of the suspension powder-injection preparation in the preparation of medicaments for treating pelvic inflammatory diseases.


This volume is a festschrift in honor of the late Merle Fainsod. Zbigniew Brzezinski and Adam Ulam have contributed the concluding and introductory essays, and 15 other scholars (Donald Carlisle, Robert Donaldson, John Hodgson, Jerry Hough, Gail Lapidus, Paul Marantz, Gregory Massell, Robert Miller, Richard Mills, Ruth Mouly, Teresa RakowskaHarmstone, Dina Spechler, and the editors) examine a broad range of topics concerning Soviet political leadership, the policy makingadministrative process, political and social change, and foreign policy-mostly in the postStalin years. The editors do not comment on the organization of the book or on any of the chapters. Several pairs of essays complement each other well, but the book as a whole does not appear to be focused on a central theme, and no general conclusions are easily distilled. However, four essays deserve special commendation and will particularly interest students of comparative politics. Hough introduces a new perspective on political participation in the Soviet Union. He shows that party membership among adult males with higher education is remarkably high (circa 50 percent-p. 125), contends that this important political activity is "extremely widespread" in comparison with comparable levels of participation in the West (pp. 125, 133), and concludes that "the mass character of the 'elite' party is a key fact about the USSR that has not been sufficiently absorbed into our understanding of that country" (p. 132). Cocks demonstrates that both group and systems approaches can add to our understanding of Soviet politics—the former primarily to explain current bureaucratic realities, the latter to comprehend recent Politburo-level initiatives. Cocks maintains that top party leaders have encouraged systems analysis and PPBS chiefly to enhance the center's capacity to plan and "manage by objectives," to elicit administrative contributions in support of national goals, and to control the major bureaucracies. The comparisons of Soviet and Western models and experience are also instructive. (Miller's lucid discussion of the historical antecedents and course of the Soviet debates about administrative science between 1964 and the early 1970s complements Cocks' study nicely.) Massell's is by far the most theoretically ambitious and conceptually innovative chapter. Seeking to contribute to and benefit from the general literature on political development, Massell inquires: "How, and to what extent, may political power be used in simultaneously modernizing and integrating a culturally and ethnically heterogeneous milieu?" (p. 267) Specifically, what is the capacity of the Soviet system to reconcile "the building of a new unitary order with the full-fledged participation of all national minorities in that order?" (p. 266) In a sophisticated response to these questions, Massell argues that Soviet modernization and national policies in Central Asia have had "markedly contradictory" effects, which produce serious policy dilemmas and the distinct possibility that present forms of centralized control are increasingly hindering effective modernization (i.e., social mobilization and economic development) and contributing to political instability throughout the area. (Carlisle's study of the Uzbek intelligentsia provides detailed historical background and substantive and methodological contrasts to Massell's.)


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Ants cooperating to negotiate the cul-de-sac obstacle. Photo credit: Helen McCreery.

Moving house is a rite of passage that can test even the strongest relationships, requiring teams of people to cooperate to heave heavy sofas and large boxes up and down stairs. But we are not


This paper reviews the recent progress in studies on the nonequilibrium statistics of turbulence. The structure of the energy spectrum in the inertial subrange is studied using direct numerical simulation (DNS) data for turbulence in a periodic box at high Reynolds numbers. A perturbation expansion for the energy spectrum about a base Kolmogorov k − 5 / 3 ?> steady state yields additional − 7 / 3 ?> and − 9 / 3 ?> power components that are induced by the fluctuation of the dissipation rate ε and represents a nonequilibrium state. The nonequilibrium component is extracted by applying a conditional sampling on d ϵ / dt ?> to the DNS data, and it is shown that the deviation from the base − 5 / 3 ?> spectrum fits the − 7 / 3 ?> and − 9 / 3 ?> power slopes. The temporal development of the spectrum is divided into two regimes, phases 1 and 2. The large amount of energy contained in the low-wavenumber range in Phase 1 is cascaded to the small scales in Phase 2. This energy transfer is accomplished by the reversal in the sign of the −7/3 power component. Correlation of the appearance of the nonequilibrium spectrum and the transition in the mode of the configuration of the stretched spiral vortex is discussed. Occurrence of transition is identified using the helicity. Subgrid-scale (SGS) modeling in LES that accounts for the effect of unsteadiness and nonequilibrium state is considered by employing the transport equation for the SGS energy (one-equation model). Perturbation expansion about the Kolmogorov −5/3 energy spectrum which constitutes a base equilibrium state in the inertial subrange yields −7/3 spectrum as in the unfiltered case. These spectra are extracted in the DNS data, and their roles in the generation of the energy cascade are revealed. The SGS energy spectrum which governs the one-equation model is sought in a perturbative manner. Besides the base − 5 / 3 ?> spectrum assumed in the Smagorinsky model, − 7 / 3 ?> power component is derived, which is induced by temporal variations of SGS energy. The nonequilibrium Smagorinsky model in which estimate of the SGS energy based on the − 7 / 3 ?> spectrum is added to the Smagorinsky model is proposed. Assessment of the nonequilibrium Smagorinsky model in forced homogeneous isotropic turbulence showed that the performance of the Smagorinsky and one-equation models for prediction of temporal variations of turbulence energy is not satisfactory, but improvement is achieved in the new model.


Comparison of the professional activities, level of satisfaction, and working conditions reported in a 1966 mailed questionnaire survey of over six hundred NASW hospital-based social workers and nearly five hundred NASW social workers who functioned in nonhos- pital settings reveals (a) some notable differences in the configuration of professional ac- tivities (work roles) reported by the two groups, (b) remarkable similarity between the two groups regarding the extent of their satisfaction with their respective work settings, and (c) both similarities and differences in the nature and extent of specific working conditions reported as posing problems for the two groups.


This POSTnote examines what is known about the human microbiome and the diseases and conditions linked to it. The note then describes interventions to modify the human microbiome and examines the issues raised by their use and by microbiome research more generally.


This paper discusses the result of a quasi experimental study aimed to investigate the relationship between personality traits and aggressive (aberrant) driving among young Malaysian drivers. 127 students with mean age of 22 (68 males and 59 females) and valid class B2 driving license were recruited for the study. Before exposure to experimental intervention, the participants completed Eysenck's Impulsivity Inventory (aka IVE Questionnaire) which assessed personality traits (impulsiveness, venturesome and empathy), and AVIS Questionnaire, developed by Vienna Test System (VTS) which assessed aggressiveness while driving. In the experiment the participants were shown video scenarios of aggressive driving as a stimulus for aggressive driving evaluation. They were then asked to respond to questions related to provocations and aggressive behaviour from other drivers on to themselves and of other drivers being provoked by the same situation. The results revealed significant relationship between empathy and personality types (p<0.05) where subjects who score low on empathy and high on venturesome-ness tended to be more aggressive. Even though nearly all participants admitted that Malaysian drivers were aggressive on the road, only 15% of the participants agreed that they are aggressive drivers themselves. Based on this study's results, it is suggested that personality screening tests should be implemented by the relevant agencies as a preliminary measure to reduce the road rage phenomena and aggressive driving.


Abstract The design of ternary pseudo random maximum length signals suitable for system identification under noisy conditions is considered, where the power content in the specified harmonics should be high. Signal levels conversion for mapping a maximum length sequence in the Galois field into three signal levels is proposed such that the primitive version of the signal has only one nonzero harmonic at the Nyquist frequency. If the primitive signal is subsequently used in the design of a maximum length signal of a larger period, this will result in the latter having high power concentrated at the nonzero harmonics.


Abstract To make clear the mechanism of the photoplastic effect (PPE) in alkali halides containing F-centers, on the basis of the photochemical reaction of the F-center, temperature dependence of the PPE in KC1, and KBr and NaCl was studied from 95 K up to RT. The characteristic critical points θ ts in colored KC1 and KBr were determined to be 110 and 190 K, respectively. Below θ t the sign of the PPE in both crystals was negative, i.e., decrement of the flow stress during light illumination was observed. Moreover, the θ ts were in good agreement with the temperature where the photoconductivities show remarkable increase in the course of the measurements. The negative PPE is explained in terms of the rotation of the principal strain axis of the relaxed state of the F-center having ⟨100⟩ tetragonarity as to relax the stress around the edge dislocation coming closely.


The microstructure and electrochemical features of Al–Zn–In–Ga anode at different temperatures and dissolved oxygen concentrations were validated via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and electrochemical tests in artificial seawater. The results show that the corrosion surface of Al–Zn–In–Ga alloy is relatively uniform at a temperature of 4 °C and dissolved oxygen of 2.5 mg l−1; accordingly, current efficiency is higher, but the cracking phenomenon is watched. In a solution of 25 °C and 7.3 mg l−1 dissolved oxygen, the content of In decreases enormously at the grain boundary, while Ga and Zn content increases sharply, which leads to the rugged surface.


This paper presents interim analysis and findings from a Federal Highway Administration research study on the "Relationship Between Design Speed and Vehicle Operating Speed." Under this study, data were collected on low-speed urban streets with varying roadway, roadside, and driver/vehicle characteristics. Low-speed is defined as vehicle operating speeds below 64 kilometers per hour (km/h). An operating speed approach to determine design speed was developed to investigate geometric guidelines that would assist in attaining operating speeds consistent with the intent of the low-speed environment.


The automotive industry is facing a challenge as efficiency improvements are required to address the strict emission norms which in turn requires high performance downsized, lightweight IC engines. The increasing demand for lightweight engine needs high strength to weight ratio materials. To meet high strength to weight ratio, castings are preferable. However due to strength limitations for critical crankshaft applications, it forces to use costly forgings such as micro alloyed forging steel and Martensitic (after heat treatment) forging steel. To reduce the cost impact, high strength Austempered Ductile iron (ADI) casting is developed for crankshaft applications to substitute steel forgings. Austempered Ductile Iron is having an excellent mechanical properties due to aus-ferritic structure. The improved properties of developed ADI Crankshaft over steel forged crankshaft offers additional weight advantage. The ADI Crankshaft was subjected to rig test and meets the fatigue and durability life at the required Factor of Safety.


The aim of this paper is to discuss theoretical aspects of the economic changes brought on by transformation processes and the development of social market economies on the one hand and the continued creation of value with socially uneven economic growth and the growing sense of dissatisfaction, irregularities and disproportions on the other. This paper makes references to the search for the optimal model of capitalism, suggests ways of supporting the idea of inclusive capitalism and discusses a number of inequalities, including economic and social. The analyses in this paper are based on Polish and foreign literature, as well as the opinions of economists. The opinions and conclusions presented in this paper are, to a large extent, based on statistical analyses and the results of many years' of the author's research into economic transformation. The analysis in this paper is only an introduction to the problems of searching for the optimal model of capitalism that would take into account the inclusive nature of an economic system where a balance between economic and social goals is maintained. KEY WORDS: inclusive capitalism, regions, economic development, modern capitalism, European Union, Poland. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15181/tbb.v74i2.1365


Untouchability is so deep rooted in the Indian society that we can still see the effects of it on the fringes of modern India. On the face of it everyone acts as if they do not discriminate, but where do the Hindus go with a century of consciousness and conditioned mind that lived in the society where the caste system is still rampant. Change is coming, not in the offing, but slowly and Mulk Raj Anand was able to bring out the subject of this discrimination which prevailed in the Hindu dominated India. Bakha is a young man, proud and even attractive, yet none the less he is an outcast in Hindu Indian caste system: an Untouchable. In deceptively simple prose this groundbreaking novel describes a day in the life of Bakha, sweeper and toilet-cleaner, as he searches for a meaning to the tragic existence he has been born into - and comes to an unexpected conclusion. Mulk Raj Anand in his first novel Untouchable (1935) has shown that none of the western theoretical models of attaining social justice are successful in the Indian context.  The Rousseauistic, the Hegelian and the Marxist models, were not appropriate in theorising the tragedy of Bakha's deterministic existence and the stubborn order of the Hindu caste system that is responsible for the creation of the Bakhas of society. Ironically, the 'lowest dregs' of mankind in western literatures can at least rebel, but Bakha as an untouchable by birth, cannot even dream of it. Munno, the 'hero-anti-hero' of Coolie (1936), being a 'Kshatriya' who is not enslaved by caste, can at least fight back. While Bakha's complicated existence as an untouchable is based on the 'varnashram' structure of Hinduism, Munoo's fate as a rickshaw-puller is tied to his dehumanising work as a coolie. The fact remains that both Bakha and Munoo are helpless labourers whose work has been permanently devalued and misappropriated. However, Anand was capable of stretching the metaphors of untouchable and coolie to a universal scenario suggesting that the predicament existed universally. In other words, still the major part of humanity comprises either untouchables or coolies. Thus the two metaphors can undoubtedly be considered as collective metaphors of sociology, history and metaphysics of human suffering and man's inhumanity to fellow


tion. Soegel effectively argues that a significant shift in the way in which the natural world was understood was underway. Fascinating in its own right, Soegel's work might also offer interesting insights into the relationship between the Protestant Reformation and the disenchantment of the universe. His work suggests that this is a complex and multifaceted process, and could be interestingly used to assess some of the claims of secularization theorists about the relationship between the Protestant Reformation and such disenchantment.


Characteristic impedance of microstrip lines having a Tl/sub 2/Ba/sub 2/CaCu/sub 2/O/sub x//MgO/Au structure is measured using a low-temperature vector network measuring system. A small test fixture for the superconducting microstrip lines is fabricated and mounted on a cryocooler. A correction method is applied to the data at low temperatures and the characteristic impedance of the superconducting microstrip lines is determined from the corrected data at 80 K.


Anamorphs of 22 strains of botryosphaer- iaceous fungi including Fusicoccum spp., Diplodia spp., Sphaeropsis spp., and Lasiodiplodia theobromae (teleomorph = Botryosphaeria rhodina) were com- pared utilizing conidial characters, cultural morphol- ogy, growth rates and nucleotide sequences of the nuclear rDNA internal transcribed spacers ITS 1 and ITS 2. The ITS data shared consensus with morpho- logical and cultural characters in separating 7 of the 22 strains. The 7 strains were placed into one of three groups that corresponded with the morphological species L. theobromae, S. sapinea, and F. luteum. Only partial consensus was achieved with the remaining 15 strains as ITS sometimes grouped together strains with uniform morphological and cultural characters and other times not. The ten Fusicoccum strains, iden- tified as anamorphs of B. dothidea or B. ribis, were divided into two ITS groups and up to five groups based on traditional characters. The two putative B. ribis strains were consistently grouped together and appear to represent a stable variant of B. dothidea.


Several Tm,Ho-doped LuLF and YLF crystals were grown using the Czochralski method. Crystals were pulled in a furnace with atmospheric control system. Pulling and rotation rates were 1 mm/hr and 15 rpm, respectively. High purity (>= 99.99%) fluorides were used as starting materials. High vacuum (approximately equals 10-5 torr) prior to the growth and CF4 gas during the growth were applied. Single crystals of up to 20 mm in diameter and 80 mm in length were successfully grown. Various laser rods of sizes 4 X 3 X 2.7 mm3 were prepared from the grown crystal boules. The crystal ends were Brewster- cut to minimize the reflection losses inside the cavity. Two quasi-CW LD-arrays of 6 X 60 W each side-pump the crystals. The pump beam is focused using two lens ducts of length 64 mm to a waist of 2.5 X 2.5 mm2. The nearly hemispherical laser cavity is formed by a flat high reflector and a 300 mm radius of curvature 5% transmission output coupler. At room temperature, up to 13.5 mJ (9.9 mJ) with a slope efficiency of 10.5% (7.5%) has been demonstrated at 1 Hz for 5% Tm, 0.5% Ho:LuLF (5% Tm, 0.5% Ho:YLF).


The concepts and developmental processes of digital printing workflow and job description format were introduced in detail. The concept, Node-Structure, Job Description Model of JDF and the role that JDF plays in digital workflow were discussed in detail. Finally, the development actuality of digital printing workflow based on JDF was summarized, and the direction of development was introduced.


Pigment is dissolved or dispersed in a mineral acid, and the pigment from the solution or the dispersion, in the absence of a condensation product containing sulfonate groups from the aryl sulfonic acids and aliphatic aldehydes as crystallization inhibitor in the preparation (pigmented) method of the organic pigment to be crystallized by mixing with an aqueous diluent, an organic pigment crystallized in the presence of an additive to increase the presence of a surface active agent or pigment solubility and characterized in that aged in aqueous suspension, the preparation of organic pigment (pigmented) method.


In this paper, iterative learning control (ILC) based on two-dimensional (2D) system theory for a linear singular discrete-time system is considered. By applying the singular 2D linear Roesser's discrete model to describe the ILC process of the system, necessary and sufficient conditions for impulse-free convergence of the proposed ILC rules are given. Ultimately, two numerical examples are given to present the results.


Gerbera are grown for cut flowers, pot plants, and bedding plants. Cut gerbera production occurs year round. Most gerbera grown for pot and bedding plant culture are grown during the spring, summer and fall of the year. Gerbera are perennial in some climates but are grown as an annual in most areas of the United States and Canada. This article will concentrate on how to grow gerbera as a pot plant crop.


Objective To assess how the health literacy of residents in community nursing homes for seniors is related to their health status and health service utilization. Methods Out of the 27 community nursing homes for seniors registered in Urumqi in 2011,15 were selected through a stratified cluster random sampling method as sites of this study. Cross- sectional surveys were administered to elderly residents in the selected nursing homes using the standard health literacy questionnaire developed by the Chinese Health Education Center. ANOVA was used to analyze the relationship of health literacy with health status and health service utilization; and multiple linear regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of health literacy in elderly individuals. Results A total of 317 elderly residents met the inclusion criteria and participated in the surveys. Their average age was( 78 ± 9) years and their health literacy score was( 73 ± 31),falling in the lower range of the normal value for seniors. Univariate analysis showed that the health literacy score was significantly different between ethnical backgrounds,education levels,and former professions( P 0. 05). The prevalence of non- communicable disease the elderly surveyed was 66. 2%. The health literacy score was higher in individuals with self- care abilities than in those without selfcare abilities( P 0. 05). The elderly who voluntarily obtained health- related information and underwent regular follow- up and physical examinations and those who received frequent health educations had higher health literacy scores( P 0. 05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the education level,health education,ethnical backgrounds,time from the last physical examination,former pro-fession,number of hospital admissions,and number of inpatient visits were the major independent factors affecting health literacy in the elderly. Conclusion Health literacy is related to health service utilization,to some extent,in the elderly in community nursing homes. It is highly advocated to improve the health literacy in the elderly through education and thus increase the scope and utilization rate of available health services.


The vehicle model is built by using the ADAMS(Automatic Dynamic Analysis of Mechanical System) software.The optimizing and matching analysis is carried out of the full-floating air suspension parameters based on the theory of orthogonal test and design of experiment(DOE) technology.Under different operational conditions,simulations are made and the results show that the optimization program can improve ride comfort of the whole vehicle significantly.


Many participants in computer-mediated discourse use textually described actions as tools for interaction and the creation and display of identities. In particular, members of online fan communities use textually described actions to embody virtual space in order to construct a shared identity of mutual intimacy. In this study I demonstrate the typical structure of textually described actions, using discourse data collected from three fan communities and responses to an anonymous survey. I then show how these fans use textually described actions to embody virtual space as mimicking the physical world but lacking key barriers and restraints to interaction, such as real-world distance, online communication lag time, and possibility or visibility of the action in the physical world. Using one portion of the discourse data, I illustrate how these fans, who share a high-involvement style of interaction (Tannen, 1984), utilize textually described actions to index emotional stances. These stances and the embodied virtual space are combined to construct a shared identity of a close community in which members interact with great emotional and (virtual) physical intimacy.


University of Oregon,United States Geological Survey, Woods Hole, Massachusetts,Coastal Carolina University. Chief Scientist: Steve Colman. Geophysical data (bathymetry) of field activity 02031 (R-1-02-RM) in Bear Lake, UT and Foy Lake, MT from 09/02/2002 to 09/22/2002, http://walrus.wr.usgs.gov/infobank/r/r102rm/html/r-1-02-rm.meta.html.


Due to technological innovations free-form shapes in architecture can be seen more often nowadays. For instance in facades, roofs and pavilions. In between this design shape and actual producible shape lays a complex process that has to do with approximating and subdividing this shape in economically producible panels. Restrictions for production depend on the used materials, production techniques and the method of assembly. The aim of this research is to develop a method for manufacturing free-form steel structures – with a guarantee for high accuracy – relying only on a CNC laser cutter. This methodology consist out of three parts. The first part focusses on generating a quadrangular subdivision based on the topology of the shape. The second part explains a global approach that increases the developability in the panels, while maintaining a certain accuracy to the original shape. Lastly the modified geometry is transformed to structural elements on which a preliminary structural analysis is executed to provide an estimation of the required dimensions of the elements.


The potential of nuclear power is reviewed. Discussion is given on fuel design, economic balance, and the efforts in the field of nuclear power by both the British and the United States. The selection of the type of fuel for a series of nuclear power stations involves striking a balance between increasing the cost of the fuel and reducing the capital cost of the reactor. (P.C.H.)


In this paper, the security characteristics of healthcare institutions were derived through analysis of previous research, and the characteristics and status of small and medium sized healthcare institutions were surveyed through field surveys of small and medium sized healthcare institutions. The security management evaluation model for small and medium sized healthcare institutions was designed and verified based on the security characteristics of small and medium healthcare institutions. For the design, we compared and analyzed existing security management system and evaluation certification system of healthcare institutions. We also confirmed the proposed security management evaluation model and the degree of sharing. In addition, we conducted validation for the statistical verification of the proposed security management evaluation model for small and medium sized healthcare institutions, and we performed the relative priority analysis through AHP analysis to derive the weight for each item. The result of this study is expected to be used as a standard of security management evaluation model that can be practiced in small and medium sized healthcare institutions. 키워드:의료보안, 중소형 의료기관, 보안관리체계 Healthcare Security, Small-Medium Size Healthcare Institutions, Security Management System http://www.jsebs.org ISSN: 2288-3908 The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies Vol.23, No.1, February 2018, pp.89-102 https://doi.org/10.7838/jsebs.2018.23.1.089


Social scientists have argued that the change from subsistence to market-oriented production leads to the development of socioeconomic inequality in generally egalitarian agrarian societies. A reanalysis of data on households and production among the Nigerian Kofyar suggests that the relation of population to resources is a more important determinant of inequality than the subsistence/market distinction. The Kofyar homeland, with its traditional system of intensive subsistence farming, has distinct regions characterized by differing levels of land pressure associated with population density, per capita production, household size, household developmental cycles, migration rates, and economic inequality. Households voluntarily moving to plentiful land on the frontier and adopting cash-cropping substantially increase their labor forces and money incomes without raising the level of inequality.


Previous evidence has suggested that fertilization and preimplantation embryonic development are sensitive periods that can be influenced by changes in maternal nutrition. We hypothesized that feeding rumen-protected methionine (RP-Met) during the periconceptional period will program bovine gestation in a manner that enhances fetal and postnatal growth. A total of 114 cows were fed a roughage-based diet and randomized to receive corn gluten supplemented with 15 g of RP-Met (RP-Met; Smartamine, Adisseo) or not (Con) from d -7 to +7 relative to artificial insemination (AI) with sex-sorted semen. Estrus synchronization was conducted using the 7-day CoSynch + CIDR protocol. Pregnancy diagnosis, embryo, and fetal morphology were conducted using transrectal ultrasonography 30, and 60 days after AI. After calving, 40 calves (Cont = 19; RP-Met = 21) were considered for birth weight (BW) analysis. Female calves (n=34) were weighed at 2 months of age. Pregnancy per AI at day 30 (Con = 50%, RP-Met = 55%) and day 60 (Con = 50%; RP-Met = 53.4%) were not different between groups (P ≥ 0.05). At 30 days of pregnancy, embryonic vesicle diameter (Con=11.0 ± 0.7 mm; RP-Met =11.6 ± 0.7 mm; P < 0.05) and circumference (Con=0.88 ± 0.09 cm2; RP-Met =0.99 ± 0.09 cm2 P < 0.05) were larger in the RP-Met group but embryo length and abdominal cavity were not different between groups. No difference was observed in fetal morphology at d 60. A treatment by sex interaction was observed (P =0.04). Male calves (n=6) from cows fed RP-Met showed greater BW than those from Con group (Con=31.9 ± 2.3 kg; RP-Met =41.4 ± 2.3 kg) but no difference was observed in females (n=34). There was no difference in BW at 2 months of age between groups. In conclusion, using RP-Met increased embryonic vesicle diameter and circumference, and BW in males.


Abstract: In order to encourage entry into network-based industries such as telecommunications, some jurisdictions have adopted regulatory rules which prevenet the incumbent service provider from selectively cutting retail prices in response to entry. Under such uniform-pricing rules, the incumbent cannot selectively lower its prices on a regional basis, but has to maintain the sme price over the entire service area. This paper analyzes the welfare effects of such rules for both one-way networks (access model) and two-way networks (interconnection model). We find that, even though uniform-pricing rules can induve inefficient entry for a range of parameter constellations, there are also cases where uniform-pricing rules induce efficient market entry. This is the more likely to be the case the higher the fixed costs of entry.


Since the time of Homer, warriors have returned from battle with wounds both physical and psychological, and healers from priests to physicians have tried to relieve the pain of injured bodies and tormented minds.1 The soldier's heartache of the American Civil War and the shell shock of World War I both describe the human toll of combat that since Vietnam has been clinically recognized as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).2 The veterans of Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) and of Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) share with their brothers and sisters in arms the high cost of war. As of August 2009, there have been 4333 confirmed deaths of US service men and women and 31,156 wounded in Iraq. As of this writing, 796 US soldiers have died in the fighting in Afghanistan.3


The primary aim of present work is to evaluate the performance of tungsten carbide (uncoated), and HSS (high-speed steel) twist drill bits in vibration-assisted drilling. Another important objective of the present work is to investigate the effects of process parameters on vibration amplitude, (i.e., displacement) in the drilling of aerospace alloys like Ti-6Al-4V and Al7075. Effect of workpiece hardness, cutting speed, feed rate, and the number of holes drilled on tool wear is also examined in dry machining. As per the full factorial design technique, experimental tests conducted on a radial drilling machine. A Laser Doppler Vibrometer used for acquiring the vibration signals occurred during the drilling process. The vibration displacement determined by FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) algorithm. It observed that at all cutting conditions (tested), tungsten carbide drill clearly outperformed HSS (HighSpeed Steel) Drill. Results of this work can use as a basis for the real-time capable tool condition monitoring system in vibration-assisted drilling.


A decision-making system for vehicle routing, which mainly adopts operation research, based on geographical information system, global positioning system and wireless communication technique, has served successfully in the department of distribution, is presented briefly.


A study is performed of the vorticity source induced by e ltering the nonlinear terms of the Navier‐ Stokes equation, as used in large-eddy simulation of turbulent e ows. In analogy to the subgrid-scale (SGS) stress, this vorticity source is referred to as the subgrid-scale torque. The SGS torque results from derivatives of the part of the SGS stress and force terms that play a role in modifying the e ltered velocity e eld. Other parts of the SGS stress and force modify pressure but have no ine uence on velocity e eld in a constant-density e ow and are, therefore, not dynamically signie cant. The total dissipation rate due to the SGS e ow is shown to depend only on the part of the SGS force induced by the SGS torque. With a series of examples with increasing complexity, it is shown that the SGS stress and force are often dominated by terms that generate no SGS torque. With use of the scale-similarity model, both for isotropic turbulence and for turbulence near a large-scale vortex structure, it is demonstrated that LES closure models can sometimes yield reasonably good results in a priori tests for prediction of SGS stress and force, while yielding poor predictions for SGS torque. This conclusion is consistent with the common observation that the scale-similarity model yields good results in a priori tests (when only the SGS stress is examined) but nevertheless has insufe cient dissipation in a posteriori tests.


The need to acquire domain knowledge at a fast pace cannot be overemphasized. Domain knowledge acquisition is not limited to any particular field, but rather, is a requisite path to giant strides in the sciences, technology and academics. Apart from being a major goal at all levels of academics, knowledge acquisition is inevitable in some fields of computing such as Artificial Intelligence and Expert Systems, where system construction is hinged on the ability of the system developers to elicit knowledge from the domain experts. Collaborative e-learning is a positive deviation from the traditional learning paradigm, in that knowledge is shared between the participants, through information technology. However, one of the challenges of collaborative learning is how to organize the team of learners, so as to maximize the learning impacts. Another important issue is, how to device empirical strategies, for measuring the impact of e-learning methodologies. This work proposes a collaborative e-learning algorithm called the Community Bi- Partition Learning Model (CBLM). The algorithm applies a computational technique known as unbiased matching, to partition a learning community in order to speed up the process of knowledge acquisition. A validation approach for measuring the impact of the e-learning algorithm is also presented.


Classical Author Marx,Engels inherit the cultural heritage of the human society,and put forward their own power restriction thought.In Soviet Russia's revolution and construction,to avoid national power corruption,Lenin put forward his own power restriction thought.In contemporary China's modernization,the generations of leaders of our Party inherited the thought,further created development of the classical authors thought.Under the new situation,the power restriction strategy conception increases some new features.


According to many observers, the commercial bank - the institution that accepts deposits payable on demand and originates loans - has outlived its usefulness and is in a state of terminal decline. Commercial banks' share of total financial institution assets in the United States has fallen dramatically, from more than 70 percent around the turn of the century to just around 30 percent today.(1) Bank share of corporate debt in the United States has declined from 19.6 percent in 1979 to 14.5 percent in 1994.(2) Competition on both sides of the banks' balance sheet has increased. On the banks' asset side, the growth of the commercial paper and junk bond markets has given large firms an alternative to borrowing from the bank. On the liability side, new technologies and deregulation have given customers choices. Instead of being forced to deposit at the local bank branch or make payments through a bank checking account, customers are able to use mutual funds that offer much the same services. At the same time that banks appear to be losing business to financial markets and other institutions, they are also imposing huge costs on society. The savings and loan crisis in the United States cost taxpayers several hundred billion dollars by even the most conservative estimate. Estimates of the cost of cleaning up the Japanese banking crisis now exceed $500 billion, and few will hazard a guess as to the costs of the East Asian banking crisis. In the face of the apparent decline in the role of banks and the large costs they can still impose on taxpayers, it is legitimate to ask whether we still need commercial banks. Further Questions In order to answer this, we have to ask two further questions. First, what functions do banks perform? Second, is the institutional form that carried out these functions no longer useful? Before I go further, let me be more specific about the institutional form under investigation. The U.S. Banking Act of 1971 defines the "commercial bank" as an institution that offers demand deposits and originates loans. Therefore, a money market mutual fund is not a bank (it does not originate loans) and a finance company is also not a bank (it does not offer demandable deposits). To start with, I adopt this product-based description as my working definition of a commercial bank. What Banks Do: Liquidity Provision Banks essentially perform two functions. First, they provide liquidity. Every time customers withdraw money from an automated teller machine or write a check, they rely on the bank's liquidity provision function. Because this is the immediate point of contact most of us have with banks, early influential papers in banking quite naturally focused on the role of banks in meeting the liquidity needs of depositors.(3) Still, there is very little difference between a demand deposit that an investor holds and a line of credit extended to a firm. Both products require the bank to pay the client money on demand. Therefore it seems natural to conclude that the bank provides liquidity on both sides of the balance sheet - to both depositors and borrowers. Why might a bank want to do this? A bank can achieve scale economies by using the same underlying reserve of liquid assets and the same institutional arrangements (access to the central bank's discount window and to other banks) to meet the unexpected demands of both borrowers and depositors. Also, the demands may offset each other (borrowers draw down lines of credit at different times from depositors), economizing on the need to hold low-return reserves.(4) Anil Kashyap, Jeremy Stein, and I find evidence suggesting complementarities between demand deposits and lines of credit for banks in the United States - the more a bank does of one, the more it does of the other. Moreover, our work suggests that synergies between the products arise because a bank can economize on holdings of liquid assets when the two products are jointly offered. …


A working prototype computer controlled process is described for automatically converting line drawings into raised line images perceptible to the touch. The
process uses an automatic digitizer for input and a milling machine for output.


The results so far obtained may be summarized as follows.The Hongshan intrusion is a dome-shaped and isolated body and deep-seated n origin.The iatrusion took place in the post-Carboniferous time The iron deposit was probably formed through metasomatie replacement of the Ordovieian limestone and therefore only extends downward for an insignifieunt depth.As a rogoureo for modern industry,it is absohtely valuess.The variation in the composition of the diorite is probably don not so much to magmatic differentiation but rather to the assimilation fo the overlying rocks.


JEAN ANOUILH USES THE PHRASE "The Honor of God" as the sub-title of his play Becket. In the English translation of the play by Lucienne Hill, the word "honor" appears more than twenty times, spoken by a variety of characters in a variety of situations. It is as if Anouilh were determined to explore the meaning of the word by a sort of comprehensive dramatic demonstration of what is really essential to this abstraction which so many characters in the play use so glibly.


2 ABSTRACT Image Processing is a method to convert an image into digital form and perform some operations on it, in order to get an enhanced image or to extract some useful information from it. It is a type of signal dispensation in which input is image, like video frame or photograph and output may be image or characteristics associated with that image. Usually Image Processing system includes treating images as two dimensional signals while applying already set signal processing methods to them. It is among rapidly growing technologies today, with its applications in various aspects of a business. Image Processing forms core research area within engineering and computer science disciplines too.


The invention relates to a building apparatus (10) for a vehicle structure (F), with an interface configuration for mounting on a base frame (1) of the vehicle structure (F), wherein the building apparatus (10) comprises two longitudinal members segments (LS) (to be mounted on two longitudinal beams L ) of the base frame (1), to form after mounting a shear lag part of the longitudinal beam (L) and / or to the longitudinal beams (L) at least partially supporting structurally complete. The invention also relates to a vehicle structure (F), preferably commercial vehicle structure, in particular truck design, with a two-side member (L) and preferably at least one cross-member (Q) comprising base frame (1) and an interface configuration (2) for assembly of such a building apparatus (10), wherein the longitudinal beams (L) are supporting structurally incomplete and the building apparatus (10) of mounting on the vehicle structure (F) a co-supporting operative part of the longitudinal support forms (L) and / or the longitudinal beam (L) at least completes sections supporting structurally.


The effects of the amount of swelling agents (CTMABr and TPAOH),the pH value of the synthesis system,and the SiO2/Al2O3 ratio of MCM-22(P) on the synthesis of ITQ-2 zeolite were investigated. The results showed that well-swollen MCM-22(P) could be obtained within only 4 h at pH=11.5 by decreasing the amount of swelling agents. With the pH value decreasing,the desiliconization of MCM-22(P) greatly decreased,the yield of ITQ-2 zeolite significantly increased,and the ultrasonic exfoliation process became more accessible. The MCM-41 mesophase could be avoided when the exfoliation process was performed at lower pH value. The higher the SiO2/Al2O3 ratio of the MCM-22(P),the lower the charge density on the sheet surface,the weaker the electrostatic attractive force and the intermolecular force between the interlayer cation and negatively charged sheets,which made the intercalation swelling and succedent ultrasonic exfoliation easier.


FirstGroup's new UK bus livery is intended to be about a lot more than cosmetic appearance. As Alan Millar explains, it is a symbol of a company trying to shake off an impression of big bad corporatism and portray itself instead as a patchwork of recognisably local brands.


This research had as general objective to understand the challenges that oppose and hinder the development of regional aviation in Brazil, verifying the aspects, characteristics and facts that refer to each of them and to the general content. It is characterized as a descriptive research with a bibliographic and documentary procedure through articles, reports, academic papers and news, as well as statistical content, such as those present on the Regional Aviation Association (RAA) website; and annuals of civil aviation, produced by ANAC. The approach used was qualitative and quantitative. The analysis of the data was done through tables and quantitative comparisons, according to each content included in the development. At the end of the research, it is concluded that the non-expansion of regional aviation is due to problems related to governmental actions, such as lack of incentive programs and bureaucracy; in addition to precarious public aspects, such as airport infrastructure.


Educational Objective: At the conclusion of this presentation, the participants should be able to describe the first case of multiple branchial cleft anomalies in conjunction with a peripheral dermal fistula tract of the ipsilateral lower extremity. Objectives: To describe the first reported case of 1st and 2nd branchial cleft anomalies in conjunction with an ipsilateral peripheral dermal fistula of the lower extremity. Study Design: Case report Methods: Multiple branchial cleft anomalies in a single patient are a rare occurrence and have never been reported in conjunction with a peripheral dermal fistula tract. Our description of such a peripheral dermal fistula of the lower extremity represents only the second report of this peripheral phenomenon in the literature Results: The first report of a child with a right 1st branchial cleft fistula and a right 2nd branchial cleft fistula, occurring in conjunction with an ipsilateral peripheral dermal fistula, connecting the skin of the calf with the skin of the dorsal foot, is detailed. Genetic testing revealed nothing consistent with a known syndrome, and possible embryologic etiologies are discuss Conclusions: Despite extensive genetic testing and clinical and laboratory workup, no definitive syndrome was identified. We present the first case of multiple ipsilateral branchial cleft anomalies together with an ipsilateral, lower extremity cutaneous dermal fistula. First Report of Multiple Branchial Cleft Anomalies in Conjunction with a Congenital Dermal Fistula of the Lower Extremity Ryan Winters, M.D.1; J. Lindhe Guarisco, M.D.1,2 1Tulane University Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, 2Ochsner Clinic Foundation Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery


The use of coconut fibers for the production of mortars and concretes can bring numerous benefits. It is a renewable material and high availability, and thus a low- cost production. Furthermore, the se of coconut fiber in civil building can both reduce the consumption of mineral aggregates such as sand and gravel as well as improve the physical and mechanical properties of the new composite. In this sense, seeking to obtain a cementitious composite not only high strength and durability, but also economic and ecological, in this study a new cement composite produced with high percentage of treated coconut was evaluated using the Ambitec/Uesc methods for socio-economic evaluation and Life-cycle Assessment (LCA) for its environmental performance. Based on the results obtained in this study, we can conclude that the combination of natural latex and silica fume provides an appropriate economic, social and environmental solution for the use of coconut fiber in civil building.


In the 3 Plenary Session of 18 CPC Central Committee,promoting wide,multi-tiered and institutionalized development of consultative democracy was determined as an important part of deepening political system reform,while in the 4~(th) Plenary Session of 18~(th) CPC Central Committee,it was set as the strategic plan of rule by law,providing a practical path for political participation by the ethnic minorities in an orderly way.Adherence to people- orientated consultative democracy will help understand the essence of political participation by ethnic minorities.Promoting wide,multi- tiered and institutionalized consultative democracy will improve the imbalance in ethnic minorities' political participation.Institutionalized development of consultative democracy will benefit the standardized political participation by ethnic minorities.


Nebraska law requires the Nebraska Tractor Test Board of Engineers to compare results of the tests of an agricultural tractor model with the manufacturer's claims regarding power, fuel use, and other performance ratings in order to recommend a permit to sell that tractor model in the state. PTO tests are conducted to verify the manufacturer's PTO power and fuel claims for tractor models. In recent years, several tractor manufacturers have been producing models of large tractors either without a PTO or with a PTO not capable of transmitting the full engine power and, therefore, have chosen to advertise engine power. The objective of this project was to determine a reasonable alternative to removing engines from these tractors for tests to determine whether these tractors met their power claims. Linear regression analyses of advertised engine power claims and OECD Code 2 drawbar power test results from 48 tracked (R2 = 0.98) and 43 4WD tractors (R2 = 0.99) were used to establish two linear relationships to verify the engine power claims for these tractors. These relationships provide a reasonable means of verifying engine power claims for large agricultural tractors without a PTO, or without a PTO capable of transmitting full engine power.


The liquid-liquid distribution method has been used to measure the stability constants of the dl-tartrate complexes of La3+, Ce3+, Pm3+, Tm3+, and Y3+, and the meso-tartrate complexes of Ce3+ and T...


The electrochemical performance of as-recovered LiNi1/3Co 1/3Mn1/3O2 containing varying percentage weights of MoS2 and effect of preparing the powder obtained with dimethyl sulfo xide (DM SO) was investigated. All the powders were calcined at 650 o C. The SEM images and XRD patterns analysis showed that the powders have well-crystallized particles. Fro m the results, highest electrochemical performance was recorded for powder with 0.4 wt. % MoS2. Samp le pressed before fabrication delivered discharge capacity of 201 mAhg -1 in the first cycle before sudden drop to 172 mAhg -1 in the second cycle at a discharge rate of 0.1 C (27.5 mAg -1 ). After t wenty cycles, it delivered 146 mAhg -1 with efficiency ratio of 96.6%. For samp le fabricated without pressing the slurry after drying, the capacities delivered revealed similar trends as recorded in pressed slurries . Highest charge-transfer resistance was recorded for powder with 0.4 wt. % MoS2 during AC impedance analysis. The performance recorded revealed that relatively cheap and environmentally co mpatible DMSO could replace N-methylpyrro lidone in lithiu m-ion battery formulat ion.


Neuromonitoring is used during surgery to assess the functional integrity of the brain, brain stem, spinal cord, or peripheral nerves. The aim of monitoring is to prevent permanent damage by early intervention when changes are detected in the monitor. Neuromonitoring is also used to map areas of the nervous system in order to guide management in some cases.

The best neuromonitor remains the awake patient. In the conscious state, the function of individual parts of the nervous system and the complex interactions of its different parts can be assessed more accurately. However, most surgical procedures involving the nervous system require general anaesthesia.

Procedures that require neuromonitoring can have changes in their monitored parameters corrected by modifying the surgical approach or by having the anaesthesiologist manipulate the parameters under their control. An ideal neuromonitor would be one that is specific for the parameter of interest, and gives reliable, reproducible, or continuous results.


- Non -Synonymous polymorphism in the human MDR1 gene tend to decrease the transporter activity of the P-glycoprotein,a major efflux transporter of endogenous substrates and xenobiotics predominantly cytotoxic agents. Hence this study was determined to assess the effect of 2677 G>T genetic polymorphism of human MDR1 gene on the structure of P-glycoprotein.Three dimensional structures of MDR variants were ab-initio model using iTASSER server and drug binding residues of transmembrane domain were predicted using Prankweb server. Substrate binding was analyzed by molecular docking using Autodock 4.2.6.Moreover, statistically significant difference was observed between the binding affinities of substrates to wild and mutant variants (One way Analysis of Variance, df=1, 95% CI). Here in, we have investigated the effect of 2677G>T/A non-synonymous polymorphism on substrate transport via human P-glycoprotein through in silico methods. Few molecular modelling studies of human P-gp have stressed the significance of Ser222, Phe303 and Phe343 in substrate conductance.The binding energy of P-gp substrates to the mutant (Ala893Ser and Ala893Pro) was found to be less than that of the wild type. Hence genetic testing of hMDR1 need to be done before initiating therapy with cytotoxic and narrow therapeutic P-gp substrates.