Manuscript ID: 20170071. Received on: 05/20/2017. Approved on: 01/04/2018. ABSTRACT: This study reports on the presence of a diverse set of gymnosperm and angiosperm macrofossils from the Codó Formation, Parnaíba Basin, whose assemblage was previously known only by the occurrence of pollen grains, spores, wood fragments, leaves and roots associated with Nympheaceae. In the Brejo municipality, northeastern Maranhão State, marl levels attest a transitional to marginal lacustrine environment, with occasional marine ingressions, demonstrated by the presence of crustaceans, gastropods and fishes. The plant fossils are preserved exclusively by molds and impressions, and its diversity is represented by few specimens, suggesting taphonomic processes of selection and transportation. The taphoflora is composed of Gnetales (?Drewria), conifers (Cupressinocladus and Brachyphyllum), and basal angiosperms (Nympheales, Magnollids, and/or basal Eudicots), which support an upper Aptian – ?Albian age. It displays affinities with both the well-known flora of the Araripe Basin (Santana Formation) as well as those ones identified in deposits from the south of North America (Potomac Group), suggesting that terrestrial links persisted in the equatorial areas of the Pangea at the end of the Early Cretaceous.


In a previous paper we proposed a node histogram based sampling algorithm (NHBSA) and compared it with edge histogram based sampling algorithm (EHBSA). The results showed NHBSA outperforms EHBSA on the permutation problems where absolute position of each node in a string is related to its performance. However, we used only a limited variation of sampling methods for NHBSA. In this paper, we propose several variations of sampling methods for NHBSA and explore conditions for them to work well with NHBSA.


a programme for action, it may sanction an interest in accounting for the natural order in some particular way. Such a strident claim as that of the Old School to a monopoly in the only method of acquiring all truth should certainly raise suspicions about what they were defending. Bozeman little more than hints at the opulent landed following of this variety of Calvinism. It would also be interesting to know about transatlantic exchanges in this period. The Scottish Church had, after all, rejected the "Moderates" who were the intellectual fathers of the old School. Yet the replacement was a General Assembly much more sympathetic to fundamentalism. The study of the relations of science and religion is becoming a familiar area in English history. Bozeman's work is an important delineation of the context from which scientific naturalism emerged in America. Although Lamarck's is a familiar name, too often he is remembered simply as a forerunner of Darwin, or associated narrowly with a doctrine (the inheritance of acquired characteristics) which he never claimed to have originated. But Lamarck's voluminuous writings are concerned with all aspects of nature from cosmology to psychology. It is to Burkhardt's credit that his monograph, while primarily addressing itself to Lamarck's evolutionary biology, never underestimates the breadth of Lamarck's philosophy of nature. Burkhardt patiently examines the development of his subject's thought against the background of eighteenth-century science, identifying those features which became integrated in Lamarck's systematic accounts of trans-formism, most notably in his Philosophie zoologie (1809). As Burkhardt shows, Lamarck was faced in the 1790s with the problematical relationship between fossil and living species of animals. He was unable to conceive a mechanism whereby species became extinct; rather it seemed to him that living species changed over time, as varying conditions and differing needs created in the species new habits and even, on occasion, new organs. Much of Lamarck's work was speculative and it failed to satisfy many of his contemporaries who preferred George Cuvier's rigorous and dogmatic pronouncements on the naturalist's proper methods. Burkhardt's study is based principally on published writings; indeed, it is a measure of Lamarck's relative isolation, even in his own time, that so little manuscript material survives. Our knowledge of Lamarck's private life and personality is scanty, and his published work generally yields few clues as to what he was reading or discussing with colleagues and friends. But these are limitations of …


With the decrease in energy consumption of portable electronic devices, the concept of harvesting renewable energy in human surrounding arouses a renewed interest. This Project presents a control of hybrid Photovoltaic (PV)/Wind, using a DC/DC converter for compressor load. The aim of this project is to implement the converter and inverter for the wind/solar hybrid system. For the hybrid system, extracting wind and solar energy as much as possible, and feeding the load with high quality electricity are the two main targets. Boosting the DC voltage to a sufficient level, using the converter and obtaining pure AC voltage from the inverter, are the keys to realize the above targets. The hybrid system is studied under unbalance voltage sag condition. It paper uses a MATLAB simulation tool for voltage control. It describes the closed loop mechanism of the boost and buck-boost converter, and the simulated results are presented, to show the system performance.


Thermal stability has been the important issue in organic solar cell, especially for the large scale fabrication and application in the future. In this work, a new strategy involving the introduction of porphyrin compound (BL) is proposed to prevent the [6,6]‐phenyl C61 butyric acid methyl ester (PC61BM) aggregation. The supramolecular interactions between PC61BM and BL are first demonstrated in PC61BM:BL binary blend, and then the effect of BL on P3HT:PC61BM blend is qualitatively and quantitatively studied by differential scanning calorimetry, UV–vis absorption spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, optical microscopy, and fluorescence techniques. It is found that the BL addition not only stabilizes the morphology of P3HT:PC61BM blend films, but also shows a good ability to maintain the electron mobility by depressing the PC61BM crystallization. And the thermal stability of the devices based on P3HT:PC61BM:BL ternary blend films is therefore greatly improved. For example, 8 wt% BL doping drops the power conversion efficiency by 10.5% relative to its peak value after 48 h of annealing at 130 °C, while 71.5% of decrease is obtained for the device without BL after only 3 h of annealing. This strategy is preliminarily proved to be universal and will show great potentials in future commercialization of polymer solar cells.


Stereotypical expectations of male behaviours do not always align with the reality of serious life‐threatening illness, particularly urogenital cancer. However, masculine ways of coping can be harnessed to maximise benefit when providing support for men at all stages of the cancer journey. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons


Estimation of abstractness ratings of Russian words have remained almost entirely unexplored, though by contrast, a vast literature has addressed questions relating to the same notion in English. In this article we present the results of the experiment aimed at quantitative assessment of abstractness / concreteness of the top 1000 Russian words and contrasting their ratings with those of American English equivalents. We also performed a quantitative verification of abstractness ratings for polisemous words in Russian. The latter was conducted based on the survey results in which respondents were exposed to at least two collocations explicating separate senses of the word. Overall, our study reveals consistent similar patterns in respondents' ratings of concrete and abstract words in Russian and English. The findings of empirical dissimilarities in A/C ratings for different senses of one word validate the suggested method of presenting not single words but collocations. The results provide additional more fine-grained data on A/C ratings which could be employed as useful indicators of text complexity and features in a multi-factor text analysis.


INTRODUCTION A fundamental knowledge of heterogeneous combustion mechanisms is required to improve utilization of solid fuels (e.g. coal), safe handling of combustible dusts in industry and solid propulsion systems. The objective of the McGill University research program on dust combustion sponsored jointly by the Canadian Space Agency and NASA is to obtain a reliable set of data on basic combustion parameters of the dust suspensions (i.e. laminar burning velocity, flame structure, quenching distance, flammability limits etc.) over a range of particle sizes, dust concentrations and types of fuel. This set of data then permits theoretical models to be validated and, when necessary, new models to be developed to describe the detailed reaction mechanisms and transport processes. Microgravity is essential to the generation of a uniform dust suspension of arbitrary particle size and dust concentration [1]. When particles with a characteristic size of the order of tens of microns are suspended, they rapidly settle in the gravitational field. To maintain a particulate in suspension for time duration adequate to carry out combustion experiments invariably requires continuous convective flow in excess of the gravitational settling velocity, which is comparable with and often exceeds laminar burning velocity of the dust suspension. This makes the experiments turbulent in nature and thus renders it impossible to study laminar dust flames. Even for small particle sizes of the order of microns, a stable laminar dust flow at normal gravity conditions can be maintained for relatively low dust concentrations. High dust loading leads to gravitational instability of the dust cloud and to the formation of recirculation cells in the dust suspension in a confined volume, or to the rapid sedimentation of the dense dust cloud, as a whole, in an unconfined volume [2]. Many important solid fuels such as carbon and boron also have low laminar flame speeds (of the order of several centimeters per second [3]). Convection that occurs in combustion products due to buoyancy disrupts the low speed dust flames and makes observation of such flames at normal gravity difficult. The newly constructed apparatus for the experiments on board the NASA KC-135 parabolic flight aircraft permits the creation of uniform dust clouds for a wide range of particle sizes and dust concentrations. The laminar dust flame propagates in semi-opened tubes permitting free expansion of the combustion products that are continuously vented overboard. The apparatus design, results of its groundbased testing, and results of the first microgravity experimental campaign are presented below.


In this paper, a simple adaptive speed control of induction motor is described and implemented using dedicated digital signal processor (DSP). The controller-structure design is based on vector control scheme that transforms the three phase motor currents into flux and torque generating current components. Using these current components, the AC induction motor can be handled in the similar way with that of DC motor. Hence, the motor control system consists of flux control loop and torque control loop. To realize the speed controller, the torque reference is calculated as the output of speed controller. The inner current control loops are realized with proportional and integral controllers while for the outer loop, the adaptive controller derivation is based on a class of model reference adaptive controller (MRAC) where the reference model is chose as first order system. From the experimental results, it is shown that the overall induction motor control system gives good transient and steady state responses tracks the motion profile given to the system.


But what is the difference? How could we distinguish the veneration of a saint from the worship of her? Consider the fact that believers o en worship God by bowing or perhaps even laying prostrate. Believers also venerate by bowing before icons, statues, or holy persons. How does bowing before God constitute an act of worship? And how does bowing before an icon or tomb constitute an act of veneration? What differentiates them if they outwardly look the same?


We consider the problem of bacterial quorum
sensing emulate on small mobile robots. Robots
that reflect the behavior of bacteria are designed
as mobile wireless camera nodes. They are able
to structure a dynamic wireless sensor network.
Emulated behavior corresponds to a simplification
of bacterial quorum sensing, where the action of
a network node is conditioned by the population
density of robots (nodes) in a given area. The population
density reading is done visually using a
camera. The robot makes an estimate of the population
density of the images, and acts according to this information. The operation of the camera is
done with a custom firmware, reducing the complexity
of the node without loss of performance.
It was noted the route planning and the collective
behavior of robots without the use of any other
external or local communication. Neither was it
necessary to develop a model system, precise state
estimation or state feedback.


Abstract This study examines the differences in leisure satisfaction of older adults based on gender, age, marital status, self-rated health, ability to drive, housing type, and whether a person is living alone. The instrument used is based on the short version of the Leisure Satisfaction Scale (Beard & Ragheb, 1980). The sample (N = 187) of this study were people over the age of 65 who participated in senior activity centers at four centers in central Illinois. Results indicated that age, whether an individual lives alone, and health status impact leisure satisfaction in older adults.


Background:
 Emerging evidence has suggested lifestyle and behavioral factors such as physical activity, diet, and sleep may be associated with cardiometabolic health outcomes in US adults. However, these studies typically have limited temporal or spatial coverage. The current study aimed to fill in this gap by applying smartphone-based digital phenotyping to collect dynamic, high temporal resolution measures of lifestyle and behavioral factors.

 Methods:
 Participants (N = 2,127 as of Sep 7
 th
 , 2022) of the Beiwe Smartphone Sub-study of Nurses' Health Study 3 (NHS3) and Growing Up Today Study (GUTS) completed microsurveys delivered by the Beiwe smartphone application for a year each. Starting July 2021, a microsurvey was delivered every 10 days, covering one of the 12 different topics, including emotions, stress, physical activity, green space, pets, diet, sleep, and sitting. These questionnaires aimed to measure various aspects of participants' key health behaviors, to combine with objectively assessed high-resolution GPS and accelerometer data that participants provided during the same period.

 Results:
 Between July 28
 th
 , 2021, and Sep 7
 th
 , 2022, 2,127 participants completed 22,039 microsurveys delivered by the Beiwe application. The mean follow-up for participants was 116 days (SD=124, range=221). During this period, each participant on average submitted 10 microsurveys (SD=10, range=39). The topic completed most consistently (N=1,955 responses) was pets (the first microsurvey), and 43.3% of responses from participants reported a park visit in the past week. Additionally, 71.2% of responses from participants reported they spent at least a few minutes walking for exercise in the past week. Furthermore, during the same period, participants on average provided 177 days (SD=123, range=218) of GPS data and 181 days (SD=181, range=224) of accelerometer data.

 Conclusions:
 In this study, the smartphone-based digital phenotyping technology was implemented to collect intensive longitudinal data on lifestyle and behavioral factors in two well-established prospective cohorts. The efforts so far have resulted in a rich dataset on health behaviors, which can be linked to locations and future cardiometabolic health outcomes.


Abstract 2330 Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are characterized by their ability to self-renewal and multilineage differentiation. Since mostly HSCs exist in a quiescent state re-entry into cell cycle is essential for their regeneration and differentiation and the expression of numerous cell cycle regulators must be tightly controlled. We previously characterized NIPA (Nuclear Interaction Partner of ALK) as a F-Box protein that defines an oscillating ubiquitin E3 ligase targeting nuclear cyclin B1 in interphase thus contributing to the timing of mitotic entry. To examine the function of NIPA on vivo, we generated NIPA deficient animals, which are viable but sterile due to a defect in recombination and testis stem cell maintenance. To further characterize the role of NIPA in stem cell maintenance and self-renewal we investigated hematopoiesis in NIPA deficient animals. Peripheral blood counts taken at different ages revealed no apparent difference between NIPA knockout and wild type mice in numbers and differentiation. In contrast, looking at the hematopoietic stem cell pool, FACS analyses of bone marrow showed significantly decreased numbers of Lin-Sca1+cKit+ (LSK) cells in NIPA deficient animals, where LSKs were reduced to 40% of wild type littermates (p=0,0171). This effect was only apparent in older animals, where physiologically higher LSK numbers have to compensate for the exhaustion of the stem cell pool. Additionally, older NIPA deficient mice have only half the amount of multi myeloid progenitors (MMPs) in contrast to wild type animals. To examine efficient activation of stem cells to self-renew in response to myeloid depression, we treated young and old mice with the cytotoxic drug (5-FU) four days before bone marrow harvest. As expected, 5-FU activated hematopoietic progenitors in wild type animals, whereas NIPA deficient progenitors failed to compensate to 5-FU depression, e.g. LSKs of NIPA knockout mice were reduced to 50% of wild type levels (p Taken together our results demonstrate a unique and critical role of NIPA in regulating the primitive hematopoietic compartment as a regulator of self-renewal, cycle capacity and HSC expansion. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


Scarification of freshly harvested redweed (Melochia corchorifolia L.) seed for 15 to 30 s in an electric scarifier equipped with 100- to 120-grit emery cloth resulted in the best germination. Scarified seed germinated best at 35 and 40C. At 10 and 45C there was no germination even after 7 days. Seven days after planting in silt loam soil there was 80 to 90% emergence of redweed from depths of 1 to 5 cm, whereas no emergence was observed from depths of 0, 8, or 10 cm.


Amongst the roof tiles of the Hanseong phase of the Baekje Kingdom, those from Pungnaptoseong are of the highest quality and comprise a wide range of styles. Therefore, an examination of these Pungnaptoseong roof tiles will contribute to a better understanding of Hanseong Baekje roof tiles. The prod...


Using the Geweke–Porter-Hudak test, we find evidence of long memory in exchange-rate data. This implies that the empirical evidence of unit roots in exchange rates may not be robust to long-memory alternatives. Fractionally integrated autoregressive moving average (ARFIMA) models are estimated by both the time-domain exact maximum likelihood (ML) method and the frequency-domain approximate ML method. Impulse-response functions and forecasts based on these estimated ARFIMA models are evaluated to gain insight into the long-memory characteristics of exchange rates. Some tentative explanations of the long memory found in the exchange rates are discussed.


Butanal cup resorcin p azobenzoic acid has been synthesized from resorcin and its best reaction conditions are studied. The structure of the compound is confirmed by IR, UV, 1H NMR, MS.


For the 1911 revolution,Luxun is a bystander basically.As a "bystander",Luxun is more sober and rational than interested parties,but shows less sympathy for the 1911 revolution.As a writer and thinker,Luxun expresses the profound insights and comments on complex historical conditions.But these comments can't take over as evidence of the failure of the 1911 revolution.An important characteristic of Luxun is the long-term interest in "The human heart" or "national character",and little view on aspects of the Chinese road from the system of China.So,Luxun can not completely understand the Great significance of the 1911 revolution that ended Imperial autarchy and make the foundation of modern political civilization.Many novels of Luxun are understood and explained on the reflective of the 1911 revolution's failure,but these comments contain misunderstanding which include the nature and mission of the 1911 revolution and the novels of Luxun.


The paper presents a programming environment for robotics based on a threaded code architecture. The environment is supported by a multiprocessing operating system and in-cludes a programming language, an interactive interpreter, a debugger, and a multi-window manager. The paper illustrates how the threaded code organization on which the system is based has proved beneficial in obtaining a good integration of the programming tools.


Jose Maria Garcia de Paredes built three schools in Granada between 1964 and 1967. It was an architecture socially committed that carries on surprising fifty years later due to the clarity of its principles.

These are the only school buildings that Garcia de Paredes built during his career. In these buildings he presented a comprehensive approach about the educational architecture that was demanded in the society at the time. He was able to carry out these projects despite the hard circumstances in terms of construction, economy and time. These buildings were not intended to keep working during a long time and were made with simple materials. Yet, they have been successfully performing during fifty years without having changed its principles and shape.


This paper introduces an online collaborative design platform to support mechatronic design. SysML-based system modeling method is employed to support system level design. Based on the system model, domain-specific model generation method is provided to facilitate the designers to enable the next design phase. The proposed unified recognition algorithm for changed model and dynamic model integration method enable efficient data flow to characterize the design intents in collaborative design activities. This platform is implemented on existing commercial tools to promote the practicability. Finally, a simple work piece conveyor system is taken as the case study for demonstration.


The choice of nitrogen source in a cultivation medium can specifically affect the physiology and biochemistry of microalgae. To increase the production of low-cost valuable biomass, the preferred nitrogen form for each alga should be determined. The aim of our study was to analyze the effects of different nitrogen sources and cultivation times on the growth, biochemical composition and the activities of glutamine synthetase, glutamate synthase, glutamate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase and proteases of Chlorella vulgaris R-06/2. Media supplemented with urea or ammonium nitrate provided similarly (p>0.05) high growth rates for a short cultivation time (4 days). The two nitrogen compounds applied simultaneously ensured better biomass yield but for prolonged cultivation. In the exponential growth phase, ammonium nitrate stimulated (p<0.05) protein production, whereas urea enhanced (p<0.05) the carbohydrate content in older cultures as compared to the other nitrogen sources. The activity of each of the studied metabolic enzymes of C. vulgaris R-06/2 varied specifically depending on the nitrogen source and the growth phase, ensuring the maintenance of efficient, balanced metabolism under all cultivation conditions. When using large-scale cultivation to produce biomass for various useful applications, the selection of nitrogen source should be based on algal metabolism.


Recent years have seen increasing popularity of logic-based reasoning systems, with research and industrial interest as well as many flourishing applications in the area of Knowledge Graphs. Despite that, one can observe a substantial lack of specific tools able to generate nontrivial reasoning settings and benchmark scenarios. As a consequence, evaluating, analysing and comparing reasoning systems is a complex task, especially when they embody sophisticated optimizations and execution techniques that leverage the theoretical underpinnings of the adopted logic fragment. In this paper, we aim at filling this gap by introducing iWarded, a system that can generate very large, complex, realistic reasoning settings to be used for the benchmarking of logic-based reasoning systems adopting Datalog+/-, a family of extensions of Datalog that has seen a resurgence in the last few years. In particular, iWarded generates reasoning settings for Warded Datalog+/-, a language with a very good tradeoff between computational complexity and expressive power. In the paper, we present the iWarded system and a set of novel theoretical results adopted to generate effective scenarios. As Datalog-based languages are of general interest and see increasing adoption, we believe that iWarded is a step forward in the empirical evaluation of current and future systems.


Abstract Both the anatomy and function of the mammalian masticatory system have attracted substantial interest. This review will discuss the general mammalian feeding patterns. An overview will be given of the evolutionary development and ontogeny of these patterns, the influence of occlusal forces, and recent developments in computer modeling. In mammals, basic symmetrical food transport cycles have been described for lapping and soft food ingestion. To increase chewing efficiency, a unilateral occlusal motion has been evolved replacing the slow closing phase in the basic cycle. The relative uniformity of the mammalian jaw-closer motor patterns during this chewing behavior, as characterized by electromyography (EMG), is striking. Nevertheless, several adaptations, clearly different from the primitive mammalian asymmetric masticatory motor pattern, can be distinguished. In contrast to the relative uniformity in motor patterns, the anatomical diversity of jaw systems is impressive and probably reflects the adaptation to diet. Detailed studies on the influence of occlusal force have been performed in the last decade. Data suggest that the masticatory cycles are largely shaped by sensory feedback. Also, the suckling food intake preceding mastication has been a point of interest. The suckling motor pattern resembles that of mastication, suggesting that the transition could be gradual during postnatal development. Recently, dynamic computer 3D-modeling has emerged as an analytical tool. The approach has the potential to help explain how structure and function interact.


Due to undesirable qualities of carrier depletion and boron out-diffusion utilizing polysilicon, dual-metal gate electrodes will be needed by 2007 (1). Some of the more favored candidate metals are TaN and TiN (2,3). The implementation of new materials into the process flow, especially at the Front End Of Line (FEOL), presents many challenges related to cleaning. In order to prevent cross-contamination between wafers in shared tools, it is necessary to remove the remaining residues from the backside and bevel of the wafer. In this work it is demonstrated that by using a wafer spin-processor system, TiN, TaN and residues from mixed gate stacks on the backside, bevel and a defined region on the front side of the wafer were successfully removed as shown by TXRF results. In addition, optical microscopy, SEM, SP1 and profilometry provided pictures and graphs that show the accuracy of the removal of the metals from the front side.


International faculty are a growing phenomenon worldwide. This article analyzes the role of international faculty, the ways that international faculty are hired and promoted, and their role in the university and in terms of global mobility.


The author discusses key concepts in consumption and income taxes and identifies the problems of a transition to a consumption-based system.


Biological effects of radiation are the result of a complicated sequence of events that begins with initial physical interactions that are complete by approx. 10/sup -15/ s, followed by chemical interactions that begin at approx. 10/sup -11/ s and are complete by approx. 10/sup -6/ s, and followed by later biochemical and biological events, some of which may not occur for years. A central problem in radiation physics and radiation chemistry is to understand the details of the physical and chemical events that occur during that first microsecond following the passage of a charged particle. Significant progress has been made recently at linking early physical events with later chemical events. We have developed a Monte Carlo computer code to calculate the position and identity of each physical event that a charged particle (electron, proton, alpha) and all of its secondaries undergoes in traversing liquid water. The code then calculates the position and identity of each reactive chemical species (ion or radical) that is produced from these physical events and is present at 10/sup -11/ s, and then follows each reactant through the diffusion and chemical reaction stage of track development. This work will be discussed and examples of ''pictures'' ofmore » charged-particle tracks at various times will be shown. 11 refs., 9 figs.« less


Abstract : The 2N constants for the Nth order Gaussian quadrature formula for N equal to any integer from two to thirty are presented to an accuracy of twenty-eight significant digits. The methods used for computing the constants and estimates of their probable error are discussed. The Gaussian quadrature formula is derived in detail in Appendix A. The derivation has been guided by tutorial considerations rather than mathematical rigor. (Author)


We show a dissipative phase transition in a driven nonlinear quantum oscillator in which a discrete time-translation symmetry is broken either continuously or discretely. The corresponding regimes display either continuous or discrete time crystals, which we analyze numerically and analytically beyond the classical limit addressing observable dynamics, Liouvillian spectral features, and quantum fluctuations. Via an effective semiclassical description, we show that phase diffusion dominates when the symmetry is broken continuously, which manifests as a band of eigenmodes with a lifetime growing linearly with the mean-field excitation number. Instead, in the discrete symmetry broken phase, the leading fluctuation process corresponds to quantum activation with a single mode that has an exponentially growing lifetime. Interestingly, the transition between these two regimes manifests itself already in the quantum regime as a spectral singularity, namely as an exceptional point mediating between phase diffusion and quantum activation. Finally, we discuss this transition between different time-crystal orders in the context of synchronization phenomena.


Rendezvous is a fundamental maneuver in autonomous space operations in which an active chaser spacecraft is required to navigate safely to the proximity of a second passive target spacecraft. Ensuring safety of such control maneuvers is challenging and design errors can be expensive. We present the first verified control solution to a benchmark formulation of spacecraft autonomous rendezvous in the form of a hybrid LQR controller verified using a data-driven algorithm. Our hybrid LQR scheme is motivated by enforcing safety constraints rather than optimizing performance, and the control law is formulated by periodically solving optimization problems that depend on the current state. The resulting hybrid system presents a challenge for existing automated formal verification tools due to its lack of a closed-form model description. We overcome this challenge by using a data-driven approach (implemented in the new verification tool DryVR). DryVR relies on simulation traces to compute reachable states of the system over bounded time horizon and initial conditions to rigorously verify that the system does not violate any safety requirements.


Objective:To test the application of trans-abdominal and virginal ultrasound for pelvic mixed masses.Methods:180 cases of pelvic mixed masses were scanned with trans-abdominal and virginal ultrasound.The results were com pared with that of clinical pathology.Results:The sensitivity of trans-virginal ultrasound was higher than that of trans-abdominal ultrasound,being 96.7% and 79.4% respectively.Conclusion:Trans-virginal ultrasound has higher sensitivity for different pelvic mixed masses than trans-abdominal ultrasound.Combined use of the two method for difficult pelvic mixed masses may raises the sensitivity.


This paper presents Plasmonic polarizers operating in the visible wavelength range, which can overcome the drawbacks of conventional circular polarizers, and have a large tolerance for different angles of incident light.


A micromagnetic simulation study has been performed to analyze the magnetization switching dynamics of a ferromagnet on a topological insulator surface. The micromagnetic simulation is based on an analytical solution obtained for the spin-orbit torque which is position-dependent due to current shunting in the bilayer. The micromagnetic simulation is carried out using Ubermag, which is a python-language-based interface and uses OOMMF as the computational backend. From the simulations, switching times are extracted for the position-dependent case as well as various limiting cases. It is found that the switching time for the position-dependent case approaches the parallel transport limit for large values of the normalized tunneling rate and large length of the device, and the spin-orbit torque efficiency can be greater than 1 in those cases.


The analysis of factors determining the low effectiveness of cattle breeding in PFH of Krasnodar region was given in this article. There was carried out the account of expenses on feeding staff in two variants. There was revealed that the existing method of accounting and calculation of cattle breeding production price does not meet the modern market needs. There were offered the measures to increasing of PFH availability to markets of cattle breeding produce


Proteinuria is a marker and mediator of chronic kidney disease (CKD). In clinical practice, the urinary protein‐to‐creatinine ratio (UP/C) is of limited usefulness, because it indicates only the magnitude of proteinuria and not the origin of the loss (glomerular or tubular). The complete assessment of proteinuria includes quantitative and qualitative evaluations, both of which are required in order to optimize the therapy. In addition to measuring the UP/C, we performed SDS‐PAGE and western blotting to determine the expression of albumin, vitamin D‐binding protein (VDBP), retinol‐binding protein (RBP), and Tamm‐Horsfall protein (THP) in urine samples of 49 dogs: healthy (control) dogs (n = 9); and dogs with CKD (n = 40), stratified by stage. In the dogs with stage 3 or 4 CKD, there was a predominance of tubular proteins. Neither VDBP nor RBP was observed in the urine of the control dogs. Among the dogs with stage 1 or 2 CKD, VDBP and RBP were detected in those without proteinuria or with borderline proteinuria. The expression of urinary albumin was significantly higher in the stage 4 group than in any other group (P ≤ 0.01). In the stage 4 group, urinary THP was either undetectable or lower than in the control group (P ≤ 0.01). In conclusion, urinary VDBP and RBP might act as early markers of kidney injury, and a decrease in urinary THP could be an indicator of CKD progression.


Taking the task of governmental invitation for bids of book purchase in Shenyang Polytechnic College Library as an example,the article elaborated on the advantages,existing problems in the task of governmental invitation for bids of book purchase and put forward the suggestions on how to further optimize the task of governmental invitation for bids of book purchase afterwards.


This paper analyzes the characteristics, current learning status and existing problems of cross-major postgraduate students, and explores the underlying causes of the problems and propose targeted countermeasures to perfect training mode of cross-major postgraduate students including the reform of teaching methods, the improvement of curriculum systems, the improvement of learning methods, the enhancement of research capabilities, and the improvement of the quality of dissertations according to the learning transfer theory.


Recently CDF has reported a 4.1 sigma excess in the distribution of the dijet invariant mass between 120-160 GeV in Wjj event sample in 7.3 fb^{-1} of data, which has generated considerable interest. We offer a possible explanation of this observation in the general framework of MSSM with R-parity violation through resonance production of tau sneutrino decaying into the LSP stau_1 and W boson. We also give the predictions of this scenario for the LHC operating at 7 TeV center of mass energy.


In order to supply a basis for uniting the reference value standard of Chinese presenile men's ESR,a research is made about relationship between the reference value of 23 517 examples Chinese healthy presenile men's ESR and five geographical factors in Chinese 281 areas,which are determined by the way of Wintrobe laws by using the method correlation analysis and fuzzy linear regression analysis. It is found that altitude is the main factor affecting the reference value of Chinese presenile men's ESR. Applying the method of fuzzy linear regression analysis,one fuzzy regression equations are given out:(?)= (-0.001 891 53,0)x_1+(0.001 867 936,0.001 219 046)x_2+(0.117 074 7,0)x_3+(0.147 477 6,0)x_4+ (-0.000 176 361,0)x_5.If geographical index values are obtained in some areas,the reference value of Chinese presenile men's ESR of this area can be reckoned using regression equation.Furthermore,ac- cording to the similarity of the reference value of Chinese presenile men's ESR,China can be divided into six regions.Qinghai-Tibet,Southwest,Northwest,Southeast,North and Northeast region.


Forecasting the Effects of Investments in Knowledge-Workers in the SME Sector, Using the GMDH Method The enterprises functioning in market economy have to implement changes in systems of organization and management that they use. In economy practice making a decision in enterprise is conditioned by competitors' action, changing factors of environments, e.g. technical progress and results of the research works. Added value for SME can be determine as knowledge, employees' skills and abilities, social relation, know-how, and particularly effective investing in intellectual capital. The enterprises which invest in knowledge and systems of work are achieved competitive advantage, because of their workers' readiness to learning and qualifying themselves and also thanks to effective information and communication transfers. In this paper we allowed to respond to the following question: whether a given algorithm that enables the characteristics of the knowledge-workers and the expected results of expenditures on the intellectual capital (potential benefits from investing in the knowledge-workers) binding? This paper presents prediction effects of investments in knowledge-workers in the SME sector when using the neural systems GMDH basing on the Ivachnienko algorithm.


The rise of marketing mode and high speed development of social science and technology is closely related to the fierce market competition today. This paper comprehensively summarizes the marketing mode, puts forward the core of marketing mode, and divides marketing mode into 12 basic types: experiential marketing, one-to-one marketing, global localization marketing, relationship marketing, brand marketing, depth marketing, network marketing, excitement marketing, database marketing, cultural marketing, chain marketing and direct marketing. Each type is described and analyzed. Finally the innovative ways are put forward combined with the characteristics of the marketing mode.


A simple extractive separation method for trace level of barium (2.5-25 ppm) has been developed using dibenzo-24-crown-K from picric acid medium. narium is quantitatively eJLtracted from 0.008-0.05 M picric acid with 0.0008-0.01 M dibcnzo-24-crown-8 in nitrobenzene as a diluent. From the organic phase barium is quantitatively stripped with 1-10 M HNOJ and HCI04, 1-8 M Hllr, 0.1-2.0 M IICI. Separation of barium lms been carried out from a number of binary and multicomponcnt mixturc.~t. The method i.~ extended for the determination of barium in various rock samples.


We present a hyperspectral imaging system (hNIR), for mapping and quantifying in vi-vo dynamic changes in haemoglobin oxygenation and in the metabolic redox states of cytochrome-c-oxidase on the exposed cortex of mice during oxygenation challenges.


Singapore, Vienna and Brisbane represent three mid-to-large sized metropolitan regions with advanced economies and highly developed societies. On a worldwide basis, Singapore and Vienna are recognised for their enlightened approaches to transport and urban planning – and to some extent are recognised reference cases for any city that is developing or improving its transport planning and systems. This paper offers a comparative analysis of the three city regions and their key transport planning policy arrangements. The overarching concern is for the philosophy of transport planning in the three cities, as well as the effectiveness of the planning documents themselves. In order to draw out other important themes, a number of key areas for comparison will be covered. These include: • transport and urban performance parameters • a review of key projects, investments and implementation phases • the manner in which the cities approach the topic of "an integrated public transport network" • the role of road network management • transport/land use relationships and policy.


Donald Harman Akenson. Ireland, Sweden and the Great European Migration, 1815-1914. Montreal: McGill-Queens University Press, 2011. 320 pp. Figures, tables, select bibliography, notes, and index. $65.00 (cloth); $39.95 (paper). Few historians, indeed, few authors of serious intent, have been as prolific as Donald Akenson, author of more than twenty books and scores of articles and editor of numerous collections of essays. Most of his books have focused on Ireland and the Irish, ranging from historical studies of Irish education, religious life, and local communities to biographies, but his work on the Irish diaspora has been particularly influential, inspiring new studies of the Irish in Canada and Australia and helping to shape how people in Ireland see their "cousins" overseas. 1 The volume under review continues to focus on the Irish, but it compares the histories of Irish and Swedish emigration. Such comparisons of peoples in different countries has been a staple of Akenson's extensive work on the Irish diaspora, where he set the histories of the Canadian and Australian Irish against that of Irish Americans to challenge notions that Irish immigrants' experience in the United States could stand for the experiences of all Irish people throughout the diaspora. Here, however, he uses the comparison of Ireland and Sweden to "remove the dead hand of a literary tradition that depicts Ireland as a story unto itself." He wants to place Irish and Swedish emigration firmly in the context of broader European patterns, and, thus in addition to questioning Irish "exceptionalism," achieve a broader goal to "il- luminate the causes of the Great European Migration" that extended over the long nineteenth century from 1815 to 1914 (p. 7). Professor Akenson's methods in this comparison are much the same as in his previous work. He is the historian as scientist: identifying sites for research that represent a "nice clean set of laboratories" unpolluted by the effects of extraneous variables; searching for useful, statistical "data sets" from those laboratories; and relentlessly sifting through those sets to draw out evidence for arguments of potentially broad application. His tone and style shift often,


S A a s c s t n s E c a p a Abstract adherence strategy for counselling study evalu terms of a non-adhere sessions we Egan's mod counselling advice as s practice ar are for this Introduct The implic well-docum 'ˆ –Š‡ ‡• ng, S., et al. (2 counselling by mportant ion of c t in the W g • C. Mat • J. Louw There is g support. I r supportin g model is uated coun adherence ent patien ere conduc del nor a c g for ARV trategies f re made. T s setting is &) • C. Mathew ms Research l: sarahdewin blic Health a blic Health, U Simbayi STIs and TB of Psycholog s Standard per model tion cations of a mented (e.g –‡" ƒ'‡ 013). "It's imp y lay counsello t to tak counselli Western thews • N w • L. Sim growing in n South Af ng adheren s the predo nselling de to Egan's nts were a cted by 30 client-centr V adherenc for address The questio also raised ws h Unit, Medic d care • A antiretrovir g. 1-3), and ‡•‡ƒ"…Š portant to tak ors for ARV ad ke your ing by l n Cape, S N. Schaay mbayi nterest in s frica, indiv nce in the p ominant m elivered by model. Th analysed b counsellor red approa ce support, sing clients on as to ho d.


Objective Discuss the use of queuing system at out-patient treatment system to optimization process.Methods Analyze the importance of the queuing system for attendance at out-patient treatment process optimization from the patients,doctors and managers view.Results Combination of different occasions queuing,given up the design plan of intelligent queuing system and special significance.Conclusion Use of intelligent queuing system at modern digital outpatient building,it will have a positive impact on hospital management style and treatment patterns.


The shell is considered shalluw and the fundamental equation given by W.S(t). NVIassow ls used (Ref. 1), and the solution of this equation is on the basis ef Four{er analysis (.Ref. 2). When we use Fourier series for analysis. it is always important Dirichlet's condition. It means that the function must be zero at the tions are going to be expanded to Fourier series of odd terms. Thus, the boundary conditions uf physical requirement, but also the utMze the Fourler expansion along the whole length of their boundary eonditions at the corner were not deeply investigated importance, But, in the case ef point-supported shell, the corner The solution in this paper satisfies also the mathematical conditions at


From a bank of experimental data, a correlation is here developed allowing to predict NOx emissions in gas-turbine combustors exhaust. The correlation rests on the residence time calculated from the volume of the primary zone of the combustion chamber, the mass flow and the density of entrance air. The rate of reaction is of Arrhenius type. The various parameters used in the correlation are estimated from the operational conditions. 19 types of fuels are used, varying from a paraffinic mixture to a pure aromatic compound, burned at high-pressure (0.2 to 0.9 MPa) in several combustion chambers for a total of 862 points of measure. Fuels are characterized by their calorific value and their content in hydrogen. Considering the variety of fuels, the number of combustion chambers, the variety of operational conditions without forgetting the lack of precision inherent to the experimental measures of NOx emissions, the precision of the correlation which is situated between 8 and 51 % for the various chambers concerned by the study is considered as satisfactory. Mots clés: Turbine à gaz; chambre de combustion; émissions; oxydes d'azotes.


Reviews literature on pregnancy and its impact on postpartum adjustment of family relationships. Implications for problem prevention and for intervention during pregnancy the developmental aspects of pregnancy and pregnancy as a normative crisis period are among topics covered. Research suggests that the variables most predictive of postpartum success in parenting are intrapsychic in nature. Whether pregnancy is viewed as a period of normal stress or as a developmental stage whose successful negotiation is necessary to ensure the familys mental health the consensus is that the overriding psychological objective during pregnancy is the development and acceptance of a coherent sense of self as parent. A knowledge of the developmental tasks of pregnancy and the relationship of marital adjustment to maternal adaptation and acceptance of the infant could be effectively utilized to facilitate the process of successful confrontation of pregnancy and to provide preventive services to expectant parents when indicated.


Counsel in China have revealed a lack of enforcement of the country's amended Company Law among local officials, as the central government seeks to ease restrictions on foreign investment enterprises


The temperature-sensitive Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell mutant DS28-6 has been previously shown to be pleiotropically defective in protein secretion. We have examined the mutant cells to determine the intracellular site of the block in secretion. By transmission electron microscopy a time-dependent disassembly of the Golgi apparatus was found under nonpermissive temperature, which resulted in the loss of the cisternal stack. Complete reorganization of the Golgi apparatus occurred after shift to permissive temperature. Under nonpermissive temperature, a microtubuleand energydependent redistribution of Golgi mannosidase I and galactosyltransferase into a pattern characteristic of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) was observed. Inhibition of protein synthesis by cycloheximide had no influence on Golgi mannosidase H redistribution. Evidence for Golgi apparatus-associated processing of oligosaccharides in the ER was obtained by lectin-gold cytochemistry revealing the presence of the galactose (013-+4)N-acetylglucosamine sequence and sialic acid residues. Furthermore, 7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl-tagged ceramide, a lipidic trans-Golgi apparatus marker inCHO cells, exhibited an energy-dependent redistribution into the ER. These effects were fully reversible upon shift to permissive temperature. Thus, mutant DS28-6 cells exhibit key features of the brefeldin A phenotype, which suggests that the observed brefeldin A effects result from interference with a normally occurring cellular process. The intracellular transport of secretory and plasma membrane proteins proceeds in an ordered and vectorial fashion within membrane-bound organelles (1-3). Various experimental conditions interfere with this movement and can result in the accumulation of proteins at specific sites of the secretory pathway (4-10). Brefeldin A (BFA), a fungal metabolite (11), has been shown to inhibit the transport of membrane and secretory proteins out of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in various cell types (12-16). In addition, a profound effect of BFA on the Golgi apparatus was recently demonstrated that results in disassembly of the cisternal stack (14-18). Concomitant with the structural alterations, various Golgi apparatus enzymes were observed to redistribute rapidly to the ER by a microtubuleand ATP-dependent process (18-20). As a result, oligosaccharide side chains of proteins and lipids retained in the ER were processed by these enzymes, as indicated by the acquisition of endo H resistance and terminal sugars (12, 15-19, 21-25). From these observations, it was concluded that BFA interferes with a Golgi apparatus-ER recycling pathway and causes the fusion of the Golgi apparatus with an intermediate compartment and its retrograde movement into the ER (19). The mode of action ofBFA is unknown, as are the molecular mechanism(s) ofthe putative Golgi apparatus-ER recycling pathway. The earliest known action ofBFA involves the release ofa 110-kDa Golgi apparatus-associated protein (26). Since the 110-kDa protein seems to be identical with a coat subunit of Golgi apparatusderived non-clathrin-coated vesicles, it has been recently suggested that a likely target for BFA is the assembly ofthese


The techniques are generally related to the coding of weighted prediction parameters. A video coder may determine the weighted prediction parameters for a reference picture list based on coded weighted prediction parameters for another reference picture list. Examples of the reference picture list include reference picture lists constructed for coding purposes, including a combined reference picture list.


MEDIEVAL SITES The 45 early medieval sites excavated in 1981 included 18 earthworks or early urban settlements, 2 complexes of monastery buildings, 16 settlements and 9 cemeteries. The excavations were conducted mostly on a small scale. Some continued earlier fieldwork, without however affecting the findings so far obtained, while those of the newly discovered sites were of the reconnaissance type. Materials from the beginnings of the Early Middle Ages were revealed on only 3 settlements. Two of these are dated on the basis of pottery, namely Wyszogród (9), Płock province, site 13 (W. Szymański, W. A. Moszczyński, Instytut Historii Kultury Materialnej PAN, Warszawa) a settlement feature of the 7th cent., and Dębczyno (3), Koszalin province, site 10 (A. Sikorski, Uniwersytet, Poznań) — a multicultural site with numerous postholes, 12 pits, 5 semisubterranean huts and 1 hearth, dating from three chronological stages: from the 6th-7th cent, (pottery of the Dziedzice-Sukow type), from the 7th-mid-9th cent., and from the mid-9th to mid-12th cent. Note-worthy results were yielded by underwater investigations continued at a port settlement of the 7th to 12th cent., now sunk in the bottom of the Gulf of Puck, at Puck (4), Gdańsk province (W. Stę-pień, Muzeum Ziemi Puckiej, Puck) — numerous wooden constructions of coastal installations, parts of boats and whole wrecks, a quernstone, complete and broken pottery from the 7th/8th to 12th/13th cent, (mostly from the l0th-llth cent.); 3 wrecks are dated by C 14 analysis to AD 555, AD 760 and AD 950 respectively, and the coastal fascine to AD 940. Among by discovery of an extremely well preserved construction of the rampart from the tribal period (9th-10th cent.) in Kraków


Cementitious materials are highly creep active at early ages. In order to characterize the elastic stiffness and the creep properties, an innovative early-age creep testing protocol is used [1]. It consists of hourly-repeated three-minute-long macroscopic uniaxial creep tests. The first test on each specimen is carried out at a material age of 21 h and the last test eight days after production, resulting in a test series containing 168 ultra-short-term experiments per specimen. In order to ensure nondestructive testing, loading is limited by 15 % of the strength reached at the time instant of testing. Three minutes are so short that each individual experiment refers to a non-aging microstructure. Postprocessing aims at identifying three material properties per test: the elastic Young's modulus, the creep modulus, and a power-law exponent. These properties intervene in a power-law-type creep function. Considering that significant creep strains already develop during the fast loading process which lasts for a few seconds only, i.e. distinguishing time-independent elastic behavior strictly from time-dependent visco-elastic behavior, it is found that quasi-static elastic Young's modulus is equal to the dynamic Young's modulus obtained from ultrasonics measurements [1]. Combining the earlyage test data with a multiscale model for creep homogenization of cement pastes, allows for identifying universal creep properties of micron-sized needle-shaped cement hydrates [2]. These properties allow for a reliable prediction of the strain evolution of a 30-years-old cement paste in a 28-days-long non-aging creep test. This underlines the predictive capabilities of the creep homogenization model. Finally, creep homogenization is used to predict the creep performance of mortars and concretes, based on knowledge regarding (i) their composition and (ii) the creep properties of the cement paste matrix [3]. It is found (i) that oven dried aggregates take up water upon mixing and (ii) that this water is later soaked back into the cement paste matrix, which is reminiscent of so-called "internal curing".


A discussion is presented of the planned integration of the existing Delaware River Basin water quality monitoring and data processing systems with a data relay experiment proposed for the Earth Resources Technology Satellite (ERTS)-A, which will be launched in 1972. The experiment is designed to use ERTS-A as a data relay link for a maximum of 20 hydrologic stations in the basin, including streamgaging, reservoir level, ground water level,and water quality monitoring stations. This experiment has the potential for reducing the timelag between data collection and dissemination to less than 12 hours. At present there is a significant timelag between the time when the data are recorded at a monitoring site and the water resources agencies receive the data. The timelag exists because most of these instruments operate in remote locations without telementry, and the data records are removed manually, generally at a weekly frequency. For most water quality monitoring, the data do not reach water resources agencies for a period of 2 weeks to 2 months.


Exploring Information Technology Return on Investment Reports for Planning, Budgeting, and Implementation by Constantine Bitwayiki MeGOV, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 2009 MSC, University of Greenwich, 1999 Doctoral Study Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Business Administration Walden University April 2019 Abstract The failure rate of new government information technology (IT) projects in developing countries is high, with 35% classified as total failures and approximately 50% as partial failures. The population for this study was 10 senior managers of a public sector organization in Uganda selected because of high IT project successes achieved through leveraging IT return on investment (ROI) reports. The purpose of this qualitative singlecase study was to explore the strategies Ugandan senior public sector officials used to leverage IT ROI reports during planning, budgeting, and implementation of IT projects to reduce failure rates. The conceptual frameworks were the strategic IT alignment model and framework for success. Qualitative data were collected through face-to-face interviews and review of the organization performance reports. Member checking of interview and document review data were used to strengthen credibility of the findings. The following themes emerged: involve senior managers in IT ROI reporting; use previous IT performance reports during planning, budgeting, and implementation; empower project teams to undertake IT ROI performance assessment; ensureThe failure rate of new government information technology (IT) projects in developing countries is high, with 35% classified as total failures and approximately 50% as partial failures. The population for this study was 10 senior managers of a public sector organization in Uganda selected because of high IT project successes achieved through leveraging IT return on investment (ROI) reports. The purpose of this qualitative singlecase study was to explore the strategies Ugandan senior public sector officials used to leverage IT ROI reports during planning, budgeting, and implementation of IT projects to reduce failure rates. The conceptual frameworks were the strategic IT alignment model and framework for success. Qualitative data were collected through face-to-face interviews and review of the organization performance reports. Member checking of interview and document review data were used to strengthen credibility of the findings. The following themes emerged: involve senior managers in IT ROI reporting; use previous IT performance reports during planning, budgeting, and implementation; empower project teams to undertake IT ROI performance assessment; ensure completeness of the IT ROI reports; ensure comprehensive monitoring and evaluation indicators for IT projects; ensure availability of periodic IT ROI reports; and implement a change management program. The findings may contribute to social change by providing key strategies senior public sector officials might leverage during planning, budgeting, and implementation of IT projects to reduce failures, lead to increased citizen access to egovernment services, and promote transparent government. Exploring Information Technology Return on Investment Reports for Planning, Budgeting and Budgeting by Constantine Bitwayiki MeGOV, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 2009 MSC, University of Greenwich, 1999 Doctoral Study Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Business Administration Walden University April 2019 Dedication This doctoral study is dedicated to the Almighty God, who guided and kept me healthy throughout the entire study period, and to my dear family members. Thank you so much for your moral support and encouragement during this academic venture. Acknowledgments This doctoral study was made possible with the academic guidance of my supervisors, including first committee chair (Dr. Cheryl MacMahanProfessor Emeritus), first second committee member, and last committee chair (Dr. Diane M. Dusick), second committee member/methodologist (Dr. Natalie C. Casale) and URR (Dr. Ify S. Diala). Thank you for your cordial relationships throughout the study. I acknowledge the great efforts and knowledge transfer to me by all the lecturers during my entire course of study. My fellow students are equally acknowledged for the great discussions and exchange of ideas during the study. Special tribute is accorded to the senior management of the organization for having allowed me to undertake the study in the organization and participated in the interviews. I thank you very much for your consideration and cooperation. Thanks to God who gave me the strength and wisdom to complete this study.


Diethylamine-functionalized alkoxy methoxy biphenyl mesogens of variable spacer lengths (LC-1,nN, n = 5-12) and their equimolar mixtures with poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) were investigated by infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, polarizing optical microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The pure LC-1,nN are polymorphic, generally possessing two different crystalline phases [a (full or partial) bilayer at ambient temperature followed by an orthogonal monolayer at higher temperatures], whose detailed characteristics depend on the spacer length. The mesogen melting point (a lamellar E-like-isotropic transition) is independent of spacer length. The equimolar LC-1,nN/PAA mixtures are biphasic, composed of a mesogen-pure phase and a phase composed of a polymer-mesogen complex resulting from proton-transfer interactions. The former is unperturbed by the presence of the latter. The complexes are liquid crystalline, most likely in the form of a partial or interdigitated smectic A mesophase. The smectic-isotropic transition temperatures are generally higher than the mesogen melting points and increase strongly with spacer length.


As long as the resonant frequency of a stand-alone parasitic element is close to but not equal to that of the active microstrip antenna, mutual coupling effects between them could alter the characteristics of the entire system. Satisfactory results are observed when the passive element is placed on top of the patch antenna. For best results, the size of the passive element must be approximately equal to that of the active patch. Thus, it is not convenient to alter the characteristics of a given microstrip antenna. To this end, a much simpler technique is contemplated: to replace the bulky passive microstrip antenna by a small dielectric resonator of similar resonant characteristics. The characteristics of the dielectric resonator loaded microstrip antenna are measured by an HP8510 network analyzer. Variation of the resonant frequency of the loaded antenna with respect to the distance between centers of the patch and disk is shown. As expected, the resonant frequency is practically identical to that of a stand-alone microstrip antenna as long as the dielectric disk is placed inside the circular patch.<<ETX>>


The purpose of this study is to describe the understanding of the concepts of exclu- sivity and radicalism at the Tadulako University campus, and the strategies that must be carried out by PAI lecturers at Tadulako University specifically at FKIP, through lec- ture material, learning processes, campus activities and lecturer strategies that must be carried out to realize the campus religious, inclusive, moderate, and peace-loving. This type of research is descriptive-qualitative research, data collection methods using field research and qualitative using a survey approach. And types and sources of data, data collection techniques are carried out by: (1) distributing questionnaires to students who are administrators and members of the Darul Ulum. The results of the study show that the attitude of understanding exclusivity and radicalism in the religious activities of the FKIP students at Tadulako University has occurred even though it only reaches 15% to 25% and is categorized as very low.


We consider the automorphism groups of various Lorentzian lattices over the Eisenstein, Gaussian, and Hurwitz integers, and in some of them we find reflection groups of finite index. These provide new finite-covolume reflection groups acting on complex and quaternionic hyperbolic spaces. Specifically, we provide groups acting on CH^n for all n<6 and n=7, and on HH^n for n=1,2,3 and 5. We compare our groups to those discovered by Deligne and Mostow and show that our largest examples are new. For many of these Lorentzian lattices we show that the entire symmetry group is generated by reflections, and obtain a description of the group in terms of the combinatorics of a lower-dimensional positive-definite lattice. The techniques needed for our lower-dimensional examples are elementary, but to construct our best examples we also need certain facts about the Leech lattice. We give a new and geometric proof of the classifications of selfdual Eisenstein lattices of dimension < 7 and of selfdual Hurwitz lattices of dimension < 5.


Path dependency is used to assess the dynamics and evolution of workplace experiences in both the New Zealand Public Sector, and the marginalisation of the HRM function in the United Kingdom. In the New Zealand public sector a controlling management style, but weak leadership and low organisational capability came from the freedom-to-manage and accountability ethos of the new public management reforms. These current features then became entrenched through processes such as: learning effects and reward systems as a new cohort of managers rose through the ranks; managerial norms and implicit theories of human behaviours that included a disinterest in socio-technical concepts and strategic HRM. A controlling management style and weak leadership complimented other behaviours and practices, such as risk aversion, and the rise of Ministerial policy advice at the expense of other practices such as service delivery. In the case of UK HRM managers, the GFC provided an opportunity for the HRM function to escape from its traditional marginalised role. However GFC induced innovations such as the implementation of e-HR and service centres further removed the HRM function from strategic conversations and left them as contract managers. The paper ends with an outline of further planned research on how HRM can shift toward a more strategic function.


Analysis of positioning operations of multiple points on a deformable object and its planning problems will be discussed. In some operations that deal with deformable soft objects such as rubber parts, paper sheets, and textile fabrics, multiple points on the object should be guided to their desired locations. In addition, we cannot operate the guided points directly because of collisions among positioning devices and the other devices. Then we must realize the operation by controlling other points on the object. We call such operations indirect simultaneous positioning operations of multiple points on a deformable object and deal with these operations in this paper. We will propose positionability as the condition that positioned points can be guided to their given desired regions. Then, we will derive quantitative measures considering forces exerted on the object. Furthermore, planning method will be proposed based on the positionability condition and the proposed quantitative measures. Experimental results show the validity of the proposed planning method.


Habermas's view of communication theorv can he an alternative solution to the current critical situation particularly in Indonesia, which is facing conflicts in a variety of dimensions. Hahermas's wise view that can be referred to is that there is no absolute truth. There is no single absolute way to solve a variety of crises resulting from conflicts. To create a more humane world, the suggested way is communication, a dialectical positive model. We should make an attempt together to create a liberating path on the basis of the high humanistic values that we search together. Education is also a communication process Therejore, essentially, the communication conditions should he applied in the field qj education. This is expected to create a liberating path to empower adult learners.


Based on an extended reading of John Cage's composition Water Walk as performed on the US television programme I've Got a Secret, the matter of what makes sound art, sound art is presented in this chapter in theoretical terms. Specifically, sound art is work that poses the question—what is a thing?—using the expressive resources (words, sounds, images, gestures) at the artist's disposal. Starting with two things presented in Water Walk—a pressure cooker that sounds, and radios that sound differently—this chapter suggests how this presentation invites comparison with the philosophical treatment of 'things' to be found in the work of Kant (especially his distinction between noumenal and phenomenal things) Heidegger and Agamben. The comparison is shown to establish that what could be called sound art effectively drowns out the difference between art and theory. Put differently, sound art obliges us to hearken to the question sound 'itself' presents.


Muxin, a provincial military officer and the emperor's son-in-law in Ming Dynasty, has been in service of such emperors as Yongle, Hongxi, Xuande, Zhengtong, Jingtai. He is the person with glorious achievements and one of emperor's honored relatives, but there are no biographical records for him in such documents as History of Ming Dynasty, The True Records of Events in Ming Dynasty. The facts about his life and activities are ascertained, textually criticized and analyzed, and so is the fact that he received orders to send the general prefect to construct Wudang Mount and informed the government of "the propitious conformability to the desired destiny" in Wudang Moutan to publicize the God/Heaven-given power theory. The further discussion is made on Muxin's poems and calligraphy about Wudang nature and culture.


In terms of applied work, anthropologists have been working on climate change issues at two broad and quite distinct levels, namely in the formulation of climate policies and by becoming involved in climate action groups and the climate movement that supports social, economic, and technological changes in the interest of mitigating climate change, a phenomenon that an increasing number of observers view as the most profound environmental problem ever faced by humanity and one that will continue to play itself out during the present century. In her list of issues that engaged anthropologists examine, Warren (2006:213) includes "social justice, inequality, subaltern challenges to the status quo, globalization's impacts, and ethical position of our field research in situations of violent conflict." Ironically, many of these issues are related in one way or another to anthropogenic climate change. I maintain that more anthropologists need to become involved as observers and engaged scholars in applied initiat...


This Special Issue, "Molecules from Side Reactions II", belongs to the section Organic Synthesis of the journal Molbank and was launched in 2021, after the first edition, "Molecules from Side Reactions" [...]


The improved radon photographic method is as rapid as other radium leak test procedures, is more economical and offers more safety to personnel than many of the other techniques.Testing a 50 mg. radium source by the photographic method usually involves less than 5 mr exposure to the hands when 1 foot or longer handling tools are used in performing the test.The device is portable and thereby useful for field applications. It may be connected to storage safes and calibrated for testing sources while they remain in storage.Leak testing of large numbers of sources by this technique may be safely done on a daily, weekly, or longer basis.


Terrestrial laser scanners provide a three-dimensional sampled representation (i.e. point cloud) of the surfaces of objects. They have great potential to improve the measurement and representation of remote and widespread objects for applications such as engineering metrology, cultural heritage recording and forestry, among others. Prior to performing measurement tasks such as these, proper error modelling and estimation is essential in order to remove the inherent systematic effects such as range finder offset, collimation axis error, etc.. A rigorous, point-based self-calibration method has been demonstrated to be effective, but it is very labour-intensive since it requires manual measurement of a large number of signalised targets. In this paper, we propose a planar-feature-based "on-site" self-calibration method that can reduce the manual labour needed in the point-based method. After outlining the principles and mathematical models of the proposed method, the subject of model identification is addressed. Tests with simulated datasets reveal that the residual patterns from the plane-based method are markedly different from those of the point-based method. The ramification of this outcome is that systematic error identification, an important process for new instrumentation such as terrestrial laser scanners, is not straightforward. In addition, the tests of the proposed method with real terrestrial laser scanner datasets are presented and analysed.


Objective: To help scientific workers look up behavioral sciences journals more quickly and exactly. Method: we exploited the search engine with behavioral sciences journals sources of Medline database in NCBI, indexed and listed 102 names of behavioral sciences journals from Medline.Results: We obtained one search engine concerning behavioral sciences journals by making the super linkage for every journal. We can further obtain the abstracts of all articles and some full texts from PubMed.


The on-detector optical link of the ATLAS pixel detector contains radiation-hard receiver chips to decode bi-phase marked signals received on PIN arrays and data transmitter chips to drive VCSEL arrays. The components are mounted on hybrid boards (opto-boards). We present results from the opto-boards and from irradiation studies with 24 GeV protons up to 33 Mrad (1.2 x 10 15 p/cm 2 ).


With the continuous deepening of education reform, more demands are placed on the current teaching. Oboe teaching needs to adapt to the pace of education reform and make certain changes to teaching ideas and methods. While doing basic teaching well, it is necessary to improve the comprehensive quality of students, so that students can meet the needs of social development. Therefore, in teaching, teachers need to innovate existing teaching methods, focus on cultivating students' comprehensive qualities, improve the overall quality of teaching, and ensure that students can achieve comprehensive development.


This is a literature review that entails prioritised areas of research in order to unpack local/regional manufacture of pharmaceutical commodities in sub-Saharan Africa. The specific objectives of the study shall entail: establishing the key research questions that need to be asked to inform governments if they want to develop their local manufacturing capability; determining the key research questions that need to be asked by regional bodies if they want to develop regional manufacturing capability; establishing the steps that governments should take if they want to develop their local manufacturing capability/industry; determining key considerations for regional bodies as they develop regional manufacturing capability; and, developing a prioritised research framework of key considerations for governments and regional bodies as they develop local manufacturing capability. The research output is expected to be a comprehensive knowledge repository for governments, regional bodies and private sector investors with interests in local/regional manufacture of pharmaceutical commodities in sub-Saharan Africa. The establishment of regional manufacturing hubs in Eastern, Western, Central and Southern African regions is highly recommended. This hubs could begin with pharmaceutical commodities such as tablets, capsules and general antibiotics with emphasis on importation of APIs.


In 2010, India celebrated its 60th anniversary as a democracy and Sri Lanka held its first post-civil war election. Yet, inequalities in parliamentary representation remain strong in both nations. This research note highlights current geographic, ideological, and demographic parliamentary inequalities in India and Sri Lanka. It finds major social groups especially women, those under age 40, the less educated, Indian Muslims, and those employed in the agricultural sector to be significantly under-represented. On the other hand, it finds provisional support for the hypothesis that Sri Lanka's proportional representation (PR) electoral system better facilitates equal representation than India's single member district (SMD) system.


DETERMINING TIDAL CHARACTERISTICS IN A RESTORED TIDAL WETLAND USING UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES AND DERIVED DATA By Victor L. Thornton A Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science, Environmental Studies at Virginia Commonwealth University. Virginia Commonwealth University, 2018 Major Professor: Edward Crawford, Ph.D. Assistant Professor, Center for Environmental Studies Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology was used to determine tidal extent in Kimages Creek, a restored tidal wetland located in Charles City County, Virginia. A Sensefly eBee Real-Time Kinematic UAV equipped with the Sensor Optimized for Drone Applications (SODA) camera (20-megapixel RGB sensor) was flown during a single high and low tide event in Summer 2017. Collectively, over 1,300 images were captured and processed using Pix4D. Horizontal and vertical accuracy of models created using ground control points (GCP) ranged from 0.176 m to 0.363 m. The high tide elevation model was subtracted from the low tide using


Gambling has undergone a metamorphosis from being immoral, to becoming amoral, and from being a leisure activity, to becoming an income-generating recreational activity. In South Africa, the regulation of gambling is no longer based on morality, but on a set of principles ranging from income-generation through taxes, job creation, and economic empowerment, as well as promotion of tourism and other recreational activities. That legalization of gambling has become, and still is, motivated by its revenue-generating capability is evident from the amounts exchanging hands in this industry. In the fiscal year 2009-2010, the total amount of money wagered in South Africa-including money wagered from winnings-amounted to almost US $375 million (an equivalent of 2.8 billion ZAR). In the European Union the annual revenues generated in 2008 by the gambling service sector, measured on the basis of


Washington State composting company finds most effective strategy is to capture and treat leachate separately from storm water, thus reducing contaminants and solids in the storm water to be treated.


work. An exactly analogous set of problems besets the idea that epistemic reasons should really be thought of as a special case of reasons to do something— where what you do is to have a certain belief. On this view, each epistemic default A → B should really reduce to the "practical" default, A → bfðBÞ, where bfðBÞ is interpreted as meaning that the agent in question believes that B. But now it should be easy to see that wewill get exactly the same kind of problems for this proposal as for the reverse view. Because bfðCÞ and bfð∼CÞ are not inconsistent, translating conflicting epistemic defaults into practical defaults whose conclusions are about beliefs will not preserve competition between defaults. And because bfðCÞ doesn't entail C, the translation also upsets the chaining of defaults. Again, I think there are possible fixes that are at least worth exploring, but again I think the problem strongly suggests that this view does not fit very well with what Horty says about both epistemic and practical reasons. Considerations like these thereforemakeme suspect that on the right way of thinking about the picture behind Horty's interpretation of default logic as telling us the logic of how reasons come together to support conclusions, neither reasons to do things nor reasons to believe things are a special case of one another. And if neither is a special case of one another, then the only thing that both reasons for action and reasons for belief have in commonmust be the logic by which they determine conclusions—Horty's prioritized default logic. But if that is right, then the subject of Horty's book is not just one among other interesting topics about reasons, nor even an important though underexplored one. It is the central question about the nature of reasons themselves.


Biomass derived fast pyrolysis oil is a potential alternative replacement for conventional fuels. But the negative properties such as lower energy density, higher water content and acidity prevent the direct use of pyrolysis oil as a fuel. Conversion of pyrolysis oil to hydrocarbons has been successfully performed by deoxygenation with hydroprocessing catalysis with high heat and pressure. However, rapid deactivation of the catalysts and consumption of a large amount of expensive hydrogen have remained a problem for this technology and have prevented commercialization. Therefore, development of an efficient and reduced hydrogen deoxygenation method would be desirable. In this study, we have developed recently a bio-oil pretreatment method patent pending by oxidation to produce an acidified product. This pretreatment of raw bio-oilprocess allowed to performance ofa partial deoxygenation step with a low amount of hydrogen during the hydroprocessing of bio-oil. This partially deoxygenated product was then fully deoxygenated with pure hydrogen to produce mixed hydrocarbons. Properties of the resultant hydrocarbon fuels were analyzed by ASTM standards for transportation fuels. The hydrocarbon mixture obtained by our process was analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) to identify all compounds in the fuel. Detailed hydrocarbon analysis (DHA) was performed to provide the carbon numbers associated with the hydrocarbons. Simulated distillation was performed to analyze the gasoline, jet fuel and diesel fractions comprising the hydrocarbon mixture.


AN IDEA THAT IS POPPING UP in many American cities right now is to turn the downtown's best street into a pedestrian mall. In many of these cities, this idea is being raised by someone who has no idea of the sobering history of that concept.


Purpose - Following the resource dependence and optimism theory, the study explored whether Chief Executive Officer (CEO) optimism moderates the link between board leadership and firm innovation in the financial sector.
Design/Methodology - 130 financial institutions in Kenya were surveyed using cross-sectional and explanatory designs. Hypothesis testing utilized both moderated hierarchical regression models and mod-graphs.
Findings - The results revealed that the board member's openness and independence positively influence firm innovation. The moderated hierarchical regression results and figures in the mod-graphs reveal that CEO optimism enhances the association between the board member's openness, independence, and firm innovation.
Practical Implications - The results suggested that for financial institutions to be innovative, board members should be open to each other in terms of the private ideas as well as being independent about decisions made to spur the growth of the firms. Additionally, such boards should appoint CEOs who are optimistic about being innovative.


Aim To investigate The clinical characteristic of primary biliary cirrhosis and improve it diagnosis and therapy.Methods General status,clinical manifestations,laboratory findings of 38 cases with PBC and response to therapy were retrospectively reviewed.Results The mean age of patients was(50±14) years old,and females accounted for 81.57%(31/38).The most frequent symptoms were fatigue,then splenomegly,jaundice and itch of skin.Serum alkaline phosphate(ALP) and glutamyl transpeptidase(γ-GT) levels were markedly elevated in all the patients,whereas ALT,AST and globulin levels were gently to moderately eleveated,the incidence of anti-mitochondrial antibody(AMA/AMA-M2)was 100%.Ursodeoxycholic acid therapy conduced to improving biochemical indicator,but corticosteroids therapy was ineffective and easily caused secondary infection.Conclusions PBC is mostly found in middle-aged women.The most frequent symptom is fatigue.Elevated serum ALP andγ-GT levels with positive AMA/AMA-M2 can help to diagnose PBC.Therapy with ursodeoxycholic acid is effective,but corticosteroids should be carefully used.


The focus of the chapter is on grit as a predictor of academic success at Norwich University. Grit scores were obtained for 4,171 incoming freshmen between 2013 and 2019, and these scores were collected again in the sophomore and senior years for all students who persisted. Cumulative GPAs were also obtained along with demographic data for all participants. Grit was found to be a small to moderate predictor of cumulative GPA with r correlations of .110 in the freshman year, .247 in the sophomore year, and .213 in the senior year. In contrast, high school GPA was a strong predictor of cumulative GPA with correlations of .459 in the freshman year, .518 in the sophomore year, and .500 in the senior year. Although grit was not as strong as high school GPA as a predictor of academic success at Norwich University, it was a significant factor, and it became more predictive of cumulative GPA as more credits were earned.


A method for stabilization of collagen matrices and of condensation of natural and synthetic polymers that uses 2-halo-4, 6-dialkoxy-1, 3, 5-triazines in the presence of one or more amines as activating agents for reactions of crosslinking, condensation, grafting, and curing of collagen matrices, cellulose, modified celluloses, polysaccharides, acid unsaturated polymers, and chiral and non-chiral amines, etc. Forming an integral part of the present invention is also the method for production on an industrial scale of 2-halo-4, 6-dialkoxy-1, 3, 5-triazines.


This review provides an overview of spontaneous abortion, ectopic pregnancy, gestational trophoblastic disease or molar pregnancy, hyperemesis gravidarum, placental abruption, placental previa, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, and amniotic fluid embolism. Assessment and stabilization, diagnosis, treatment and disposition, and outcomes are discussed. Tables include classifications of abortion or miscarriage, differential diagnosis of patients presenting with vaginal bleeding during pregnancy, risk factors for ectopic pregnancy, treatment modalities for hyperemesis gravidarum, classification of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, and risk factors for preeclampsia and eclampsia. Figures show ectopic pregnancy on a sonogram, free fluid in hepatorenal fossa on a focused abdominal sonogram in trauma, double decidual sign in a normal intrauterine pregnancy, pseudogestational sac in an ectopic pregnancy, and "snowstorm" appearance of molar pregnancy on a sonogram.

This review 5 figures, 13 tables, and 68 references.
Keywords: abortion, ectopic, gestational trophoblastic disease, abruption, previa, ecclampsia


High mobility group B (HMGB) chromosomal proteins, which plays important role in cancer and inflammation, were followed at various stages of the squamous cell carcinoma of skin. Present results were analyzed by histopathology, BrdU assay, immunohistochemistry, western blot and RT-PCR, which indicate that at early stages of tumorigenesis, expression of HMGB (B1, B2), raised only by about 20%. However, the advanced (⩾12 weeks) tumors showed significant (⩾80%) increase in HMG levels. Using skin cancer model, we demonstrated that high levels of HMGB directly correlate with the extent of neoplastic changes, and it appears that HMGB is an effective stimulus for cell differentiation, tumor progression, and metastatic invasion.


Objective To explore the effect of Root Cause Analysis(RCA) on reducing nurses' extended work hour. Methods The concept of RCA was introduced and a RCA team was established to analyze the causes of nurses ' extended work hour through a selfdesigned questionnaire. The causes of extended work hour included lack of standardized change of shift and reception process of new patients, late ward round and medical order. Then the improvement measures including formulation of new change of shift and reception process of new patients based on clinical experience of nursing experts and early medical order from doctors were implemented. Results After the implementation of new measures, there was a significant reduction in average extended work hour and the occurrence of extended work hour. Conclusion RCA is effective for reducing nurses' extended work hour.


A novel high-frequency lossy uniform transmission line model is presented in this study. Novel features include a compactness of form and a level of simplicity that confers enhanced simulation efficiency in practical applications. Although specifically developed to target implementation in generic versions of SPICE, the compact high-frequency model can be implemented using only four lines of netlist syntax in the case of circuit simulators that offer native Laplace equation support. Featuring a broadband frequency response characteristic that is defined by only four parameters, the compact HF model is based on a novel theoretical approach that elegantly connects the four model parameters to physical line parameters using only elementary line characterisation data. Important and perhaps surprising differences between the new model theory and classical textbook theory are highlighted and discussed. The lessons learned are then incorporated into a second hybrid model featuring a higher level of complexity that combines both new and classical theoretical approaches into a single set of model equations that are better suited for atypically small controlled impedance structures such as silicon interposers and on-chip clock and data distribution schemes.


Abstract Despite flotation kinetic modeling is well discussed in the literature, its evaluation from overfitting, the number of model parameters and model complexities have not been adequately addressed. Flotation kinetic behavior of two deposits including an elevated-pyritic (Cu/S = 0.21) complex copper sulfide ore and a high-grade carbonaceous sedimentary apatite (P2O5 ≥ 25%) ore were investigated. The flotation kinetic experiments were carried out in a mechanically agitated batch flotation cell. Different flotation kinetic models including seven common empirical and initially four mathematical models were applied to the experimental data. In addition to assessment of the goodness of fit (GOF) for each model, a factor of model complexity was considered using advanced statistical techniques (i.e. Bayesian information (BIC), low of iterated logarithm (LILC) and Akaike information (AIC) indices). The results confirmed that flotation kinetic modeling significantly depends on the feed type. The empirical models were found more sensitive than the mathematical ones to the ore properties and the mineral types. Furthermore, the mathematical models demonstrated relatively favorable results than the practical models concerning the variation of ore properties due to the consideration of more parameters in the modeling. Finally, it was concluded that the IC indices must be applied to the process of model selection owing to consideration of GOF, the complexity of a model and model consistency. The IC was introduced as a more reliable indicator than the common regression approach for evaluating, sequential ordering and selecting the suitable flotation kinetic models. Further studies are required for model's generalizability from a statistical point of view. Graphical Abstract


Colloidal cesium lead iodide (CsPbI3) perovskite quantum dots (QDs) are promising materials for solar cells because of their suitable optical bandgap and the ease of solution-based processing into ...


The torsion angle effect on the isotropic shielding of 17O nucleus in α,β‐unsaturated carbonyl groups is studied by means of density functional theory (DFT) calculations using a polarizable continuum model (PCM) for the solvent, employing the PBE0 functional together with the 6‐311G(d,p) basis set for geometry optimization, and the 6‐311+G(2d,p) basis set for calculating the NMR shielding with the gauge‐including atomic orbitals (GIAO) method.


Highway 407 north of Toronto, Canada, is the first all-electronic toll highway providing unimpeded access to all users. The highway was opened progressively in sections, starting with the first 36 kilometres in June, 1997, and the last section of the presently authorized 69 kilometres opened in September, 1998. This is the second of three papers on Highway 407 presented in one session at this World Congress. The first and third papers respectively provide an overview of the tolling system, its technology and technology issues, and system operational experience. This paper describes performance monitoring of the toll system, in particular (1) routine system data collection, flow and processing, (2) system reporting and monitoring, and (3) use of reporting and monitoring for operational improvements. For the covering abstract see IRRD E102946.


An organic solar cell with single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) in the photoactive layer is typically a type II heterojunction with the semiconducting SWCNTs acting as the electron donor and C60 or other fullerene derivatives as the acceptor. Herein, the performance of solar cells consisting of (6,5) SWCNTs combined with C60 and three nonfullerene acceptors is evaluated in a bilayer architecture. SWCNTs are then combined with the donor/acceptor PM6:Y6 in a ternary mixture and both bulk heterojunction and bilayer devices are fabricated. The SWCNTs are found to extend the light absorption of PM6:Y6 solar cells into the infrared but their use must strike a balance between the SWCNT concentration to enhance light absorption and solvent‐induced changes to the morphology of the active layer.


The article is devoted to the problems of training journalists, about the requirements that the public presents to them, on the one hand, the public, on the other -the editorial staff of the media, reveals the concept of professional journalism competencies and the tasks of educational organizations -the formation of professional competencies of journalists still on the bench. It analyzes what professional competencies a true journalist should possess.Since journalism, as a social institution, implies a greater or lesser coordination between the needs and expectations of society from the media, on the one hand, and the professional readiness of a journalist to implement these requests, on the other. Journalists depend on the success of the media themselves, and the information environment in which public opinion is shaped. In the standards of the new generation, the main criteria for evaluating a specialist, such as the fundamental nature of education, in which a graduate must possess a certain setof knowledge and skills, and the principle of social responsibility, must remain unchanged.


Outline below is a method for simplification of the solution of diffusion problems involving irreversible first-order reactions. It permits writing the concentration profiles for reactive systems in terms of those for nonreactive systems of the same geometry and similar boundary conditions. The method is valid where fluid flow patterns and concentration boundary conditions are time independent and where the assumptions of constant density and mass diffusivity are acceptable. The useful results of this development are summarized in Equations (31) through (33) and represent a generalization of an earlier development by P. V. Danckwerts (1).


The article presents the problem of a proper identification of the structure of spatial data. It will be shown how the phenomenon of spatial autocorrelation causes mistakes in the economic analysis. Also, the impact of non-consideration of the spatial autocorrelation on the quality of the research conducted will be analysed. An additional purpose of the article is to increase the researcher's awareness of potential dangers related to analyses of spatial data which, later, form the basis for the decision-making process.