CAP RAST is a new assay system for measuring allergen specific IgE. The results were compared with those of RAST in 57 allergic children. The correlation between CAP RAST and RAST were very good. The discordant results between CAP RAST and RAST were found in 23 samples. The specificity of each result was confirmed by RAST inhibition test. In case of CAP positive/RAST negative, all samples were inhibited by corresponding allergen extracts but not CAP negative/RAST positive samples. These data indicate that CAP RAST is more sensitive and specific than RAST.


Recent modifications to the transport scheme within the two-dimensional hydrodynamic and water quality model CE QUAL-W2 have resulted in a significant improvement in the prediction of temperature distributions by reducing numerical diffusion. These changes allow for a more accu rate description of wind effects in the model. This paper briefly describes the modifications to CE-QUAL-W2 and presents results of two simulations both with and without the improvements to the transport algorithm.


AbstractA theory governing the flexural vibration of a conducting two-layer sandwich homogeneous elastic beam in a transverse magnetic field is presented. The physics driving this problem derives from an energy dissipation mechanism through press-fit joints in structural laminates. Recent advances made in the mechanics of sandwich-layered structures have shown that by simulating an environment of nonuniform interface pressure, structural vibration can be attenuated significantly. Equations of mathematical physics governing the stresses and the structural vibration are derived via a laminated beam theory employing the Newtonian form of Cauchy's stress equations. By restricting mathematical analysis to the case of cantilever architecture, a closed-form polynomial expression is derived for the system response. In particular, the effects of magnetoelasticity, material conductivity, and interfacial pressure gradient on the response characteristics are demonstrated for design analysis and engineering applicatio...


The reaction of isopropanol vapor with Hg 6(3P1) atoms has been investigated under static conditions at 25 °C under continuous and intermittent illumination. The effect of added inert gas and isola...


This study examined the relationships among objective performance, performance ratings, and pay allocations made by male and female managers. Because rater sex has been found to affect performance ratings and pay allocations, but little research has explored the causes of these sex differences, this study explored the effects of contextual factors that may moderate differences between the performance ratings and pay allocations of male and female raters. Two hundred twenty-nine managers assigned performance ratings and merit pay allocations to performance profiles that varied in levels of objective performance. It was found that: (a) sex effects on performance ratings were moderated by contextual variables, and b) sex and objective performance did not influence merit pay allocations independent of their separate effects on performance ratings.


We describe two algorithms to detect and filter silent data corruption (SDC) when solving time-dependent PDEs with the Sparse Grid Combination Technique (SGCT). The SGCT solves a PDE on many regular full grids of different resolutions, which are then combined to obtain a high quality solution. The algorithm can be parallelized and run on large HPC systems. We investigate silent data corruption and show that the SGCT can be used with minor modifications to filter corrupted data and obtain good results. We apply sanity checks before combining the solution fields to make sure that the data is not corrupted. These sanity checks are derived from well-known error bounds of the classical theory of the SGCT and do not rely on checksums or data replication. We apply our algorithms on a 2D advection equation and discuss the main advantages and drawbacks.


Risk management is currently a crucial topic in the world of nance We argue that an important analytic tool in risk management should be extreme value theory and brie y review what this subject has to o er and illustrate the potential uses through


There have been many efficient methods for nonlinear black box. However, few articles refer to the comparison of the various methods. This paper presents a comparison of two commonly used modeling methods, aiming to provide theoretical evidence for the selection of modeling methods.


We analyzed the surface gene (S gene) of a hepatitis B virus (HBV) isolate with mutations of envelope protein that rendered it undetectable by both a monoclonal hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and polyclonal HBsAg radioimmunoassay (RIA). Sequencing of independently cloned products of HBV polymerase chain reaction revealed several point mutations within the S gene. Rare substitution was identified both at positions 129 (glutamine to asparagine) and at position 145 (glycine to alanine) in the 'a' determinant region, which is considered to be within a larger antigenic area known as the major hydrophilic region (MHR). A computer-assisted analysis of protein secondary structure could not find any significant difference between this mutant and wild-type HBsAg. However, the substitution of substitution glycine to alanine at position 129 introduce a putative glycosylation site (Asn-Gly-Thr), which may interfere with the antigenicity of HbsAg. Also, HBV variant with substitution at position 145 (Gly to Ala) has been recently reported to be antigenically altered and to show impaired recognition by polyclonal hepatitis B hyperimmune globulin in vitro. These genetic mutations in the S gene inside MHR may allow to escape detection by standard HBsAg assays.


The SU (2)-invariant Thirring model with non-diagonal open boundaries in one spatial and one time dimensions is studied in the framework of quantum inverse scattering method. With the help of guage transformation independent of spectral parameter in the auxiliary space, suitable Fock vacuum state is constructed. The eigenvalues and its Bethe Ansatz equations of the transfer matrix are obtained by mean of Bethe Ansatz, and finally the boundary freedom degrees of the system are discussed.


Three patients presented with severe hypokalaemic, hypochloraemic alkalosis, muscle weakness and later cutaneoud pigmentation. There were few signs of Cushing's syndrome. Two had bronchial and one pancreatic neoplasm. Plasma cortisol and urinary steroid metabolites were extremely elevated and synacthen stimulation showed significant adrenal capacity even with adrenal metastases. Aminoglutethamide reduced plasma cortisol in two patients.


ABSTRACT Geothermal power plants produce large amounts of high-temperature fluids from variable depths. These fluids can be enriched in lithium to up to 240 mg/L, rendering them an exploitable resource, not yet processed at industrial scale. The pressure on Li demand is expected to increase in the future, making the technical degradability of new Li resources indispensable. We examine Li-extraction methods from aqueous solutions systematically, dealing with evaporation, direct precipitation, membrane-related processes, solvent extraction, sorption, and ion exchange. Sorption and ion-exchange techniques are regarded to be the most promising methods with a high potential for the feasible lithium extraction. Therefore, Li sorption on different inorganic sorbents, in particular for the implementation into operating geothermal power plants, is evaluated. Inorganic sorbents, such as lithium–manganese oxide, titanium oxide, aluminum hydroxide, iron phosphate, clay minerals, and zeolite group minerals besides other sorbents, e.g. zirconium phosphate, tin antimonate, antimony oxide, tantalum oxide, and niobium oxide, are regarded. Promising inorganic sorbents for an environmentally friendly, efficient, and selective Li extraction are lithium–manganese oxide, iron phosphate, or zeolite. To evaluate the effectiveness of these sorbents to large-scale industrial Li2CO3 (or LiOH) production, we highlight their potential advantages and disadvantages in the application under geothermal operating conditions.


We study the repulsive Hubbard model on an anisotropic honeycomb lattice within a mean-field and a slave-rotor treatment. In addition to the known semi-metallic and band-insulating phases, obtained for very weak interactions, and the anti-ferromagnetic phase at large couplings, various insulating spin-liquid phases develop at intermediate couplings. Whereas some of these spin liquids have gapless spinon excitations, a gapped one occupies a large region of the phase diagram and becomes the predominant phase for large hopping anisotropies. This phase can be understood in terms of weakly coupled strongly dimerized states.


This article aims to understand the performative functions of puberty and marriage rituals in a Tamil fishing village on the western coast of Sri Lanka, where fieldwork was conducted from June 1982 to November 1983 . R. Needham proposes to analyse prescriptive marriage systems in terms of category, rules, and behaviour. Category refers to the specific kinship (relational) terminology. Rules tell us whom to marry and whom not to, and are relevant to the organization of kin. Behaviour is the observable marriage pattern, which is the object of statistical analysis. Furthermore, Needham emphasises that there is no internal connection among these three. What seems to be lacking in his proposal is the dimension of ritual practices. How do they fit in? According to the analysis of data, puberty ritual alone shows a strong preference towards cross-cousin marriage, while marriage ritual tells us the significance of the consanguineous bond between a bridegroom and his sister, and between a bride and her brother, or the affinal bond between a bridegroom and his wife's brother, and between a bride and her husband's sister. The marriage ritual does not tell whether their marriage is a cross-cousin marriage or not. Rather it expects a future sister-exchange marriage. So rituals do not mystify the real situation or transform it into the ideal marriage expressed by the kinship terminology, but remain vague about the levels of behaviour.


Abstract: Certain people belongs to geological survey department spent their most of time in jungles, deserts and see shores for surveying Surface mapping, ores and minerals exploration, costal environment survey, etc. they are assigned with countless jobs, in this regard they are away from their homes for weeks together and roaming in out doors.While surveying near to their temporary camps, they can carry this system for lighting purpose or for some other reason. They need not carry the system in their hands, since the system is having motorized wheels, and with the help of a remote. Since all electrical appliances like fans, drill motors, lights, etc are designed to operate at 220v ac at 50Hz same source is generated through inverter designed with PWM chip. PWM IC is used to generate 50Hz ac pulses and its output is used to drive the step up transformer through power mosfets. The drive stage is configured in push-pull mode of operation such that power losses can be minimized and inverter efficiency can be increased. Remote control unit is designed with RF modules and it is operated using encoder and decoder chips.The idea is to generate conventional energy using non-conventional sources of energy.


The authors studied the semigroup POn,consisting of all singular partial order-preserving transformations on a finite chain.Analyzing the idempotent elements,we completely obtained the structures and classification of the maximal subsemibands of the semigroup POn.


The purpose of this study is to fabricate an ophthalmic lens by copolymerizing two types of carbon nanotubes and hydrophilic hydrogel lens materials, and to investigate its application as an ophthalmic lens material by analyzing its physical properties and antimicrobial effect. For polymerization, HEMA (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate), EGDMA (ethylene glycol dimethacrylate), a crosslinking agent, and AIBN (azobisisobutyronitrile), an initiator, are used as a basic combination, and a single-walled carbon nanotube and a single-walled, carboxylic-acid-functionalized carbon nanotube are used as additives. To analyze the physical properties, the water content, refractive index, breaking strength, and antimicrobial effect of the fabricated lenses are measured. The fabricated lenses satisfies all the basic properties of the basic hydrogel ophthalmic lens. The water content increases with increasing amount of additive and decreases with addition of 0.2% ratio of nanoparticles. The refractive index is inversely proportional to the water content result. As a result of the antimicrobial test of the fabricated lens, the addition of carbon nanotubes shows an excellent antimicrobial effect. Therefore, it is considered that the fabricated lens can be applied as a functional material for basic ophthalmic hydrogel lenses.


Effective complex permittivity measurements of materials are important in microwave engineering and microwave chemistry. This paper designed a rectangular cavity technique based on cavity perturbation technique. The hole for temperature measurement has been designed. The permittivity and temperature can be tested in the rectangular cavity at the same time. The permittivity of materials at deferent temperature can be measured. The measurement results of some organic liquid agree well with literature data at 2. 45 GHz.


This study aims to discover online learning problems amid the covid-19 pandemic. The method used is descriptive qualitative with a phenomenological approach. The research subjects were Billfath University Indonesian Language Education study program students. The research data is in survey results and interviews with Indonesian Language Education students. The results of surveys and interviews found that the biggest problems in online learning, namely: unstable internet networks and data packages used by students. These two problems ultimately impact the level of understanding of the material by students. In addition, online learning also impacts the ability of mobile phones to respond to data. The memory capacity of mobile phones certainly causes this has exceeded, thus hampering students in learning. Therefore, mutual agreement is needed between students and lecturers so that lecture activities can run smoothly and achieve the lecture's objectives.


RIKEN Mouse Genome Encyclopedia DNA Book. Jun Kawai and Yoshihide Hayashizaki, Eds. RIKEN Genomic Sciences Center, Wako, Japan, 2003. 208 pp. http://genome.gsc.riken.go.jp/DNA-Book To distribute libraries of DNA samples to researchers, RIKEN's Genomic Sciences Center has printed ready-to-use spots of DNA onto the pages of a book.


The 16 of party big realization more ample employment the important goal that determines to be the society of overall construction comfortable standard of living. Therefore, must carry out the long - term strategy and policy that promotes to get job. Between next 20 years control town unemployment rate in 5% within. Developing is the first important or urgent business and basic channel that realizes ample employment. Solve unemployment problem is government the responsibility that is duty - bound. Government will grab as first - class major event , emploies various reform means control unemployments , eliminates not voluntary unemployment. Now solve mainly to come off duty the again employment problem of people.


Since even small preterm infants can breast-feed successfully, nurses need to develop better criteria for determining when each individual is ready to begin.


All of landslides recorded in Indonesia between 2003 – 2006, 90% of the events occurred on Java Island, Indonesia. Due to lack of long term statistical data, their characteristics are not well known. Based on the analysis of climate, geology, topography and landslide statistical data, the landslide characteristics on Java Island can be ascertained. It can be concluded that the frequency of occurrences of landslides are highest in the southern part of the West Java Province, followed by the Central Java Province and the East Java Province. Landslides on Java island can be classified based on their triggering factors, which comprise: rainfall, morphology, earthquakes, lithology, and the occurrence of active faults. As far as types of landslides are concerned, rockslides and toppling are rather rare, while most landslides are of the sliding (translation, rotation, block failure), creeping and debris flow types. The materials involved in landslides comprise weathered volcanic breccia, sedimentary material mixed with clay, mudstone, sandstone, limestone, marl and pyroclastic (deposits of volcanic ash and tuffaceous sand) and loam. Landslide events significantly occur in the rainy season, especially from December to April. Dead and missing victims by landslides increase when annual rainfall is in excess of 2100 mm. In this paper, with reference to the above mentioned factors and conditions, type of landslide prone areas and countermeasures will be discussed. Keywords: Landslide hazard, Java Island, classification, statistical data analysis.


Objective To analyze the risk factors of postoperative infection in patients with skin and soft tissue expander(SSTE)implantation,and provide scientific evidence for making intervention strategies.Methods Questionnaires were made,relevant data were obtained through medical record reviewing and telephone inquiry,and casecontrol method was used to conduct statistical analysis.Results A total of 532 patients were with SSTE implantation,22(4.14%)of whom had infection,and14 infected patients were included in this research.Univariate logistic regression analysis indicated that there were significant difference in the number of the embedded expanders(OR=1.58,95%CI:1.20-2.32),the implantation site(OR=1.75,95%CI :1.30-2.32),living circumstances of patients(OR=1.87,95%CI:1.84-2.65),and whether expanders were regularly disinfected(OR=2.66,95%CI:1.76-4.32)(all P0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis found that living circumstances of patients(OR=1.55,95%CI:1.15-2.25)and whether expanders were regularly disinfected(OR=3.66,95%CI:2.86-3.22)were two main factors entering the regression equation(both P0.01).Conclusion Living circumstances of patients and whether expanders are regularly disinfected are main risk factors of postoperative infection in patients with SSTE embedding.Knowledge education on preventing infection among patients and main caregivers should be strengthened,post-discharge continuous nursing system should be established.


It tells the unbalanced quote is a kind of quote skill that bidders usually use,illustrates its connotation and application scope,explains it by engineering examples,finally summarizes the items should be noticed in use of unbalanced quote,so as to enhance the competitive capacity of quote.


(21) Appl. No.: 11/377.538 OTHER PUBLICATIONS Design Automation of Hydraulic Manifolds, published on Mar. 17. (22) Filed: Mar 16, 2006 2005 in the United States by P. V. M. Rao, PhD, Vest, Inc., New Delhi, India. (65) Prior Publication Data Compact Design of Hydraulic Manifolds, published on Mar. 17, 2005 in the United States by P.V.M. Rao, PhD, Vest, Inc., New Delhi, India. US 2007/02196.58A1 Sep. 20, 2007 * cited b cited by examiner (51) Int. Cl. inap G06F 9/455 (2006.01) Primary Examiner Paul L. Rodriguez Assistant Examiner—Kandasamy Thangavelu (52) U.S. Cl. .......................... 703/7, 700/98; 12. (74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm Young Basile


This paper is concerned with the conflicting performances of ride comfort and driving safety for semi-active suspension systems. To alleviate this conflict, a novel hybrid damping extension control (HDEC) method is proposed. This method adopts various control methods and the weights of each method are determined by extension theory. Firstly, body acceleration and tire dynamic transformation are selected to evaluate ride comfort and driving safety performance for the semi-active suspension system and their frequency responses of passive suspension, sky-hook control, ground hook control, and S-GH (sky-ground hook) control are analyzed based on a two degree-of-freedom (2-DOF) model. Secondly, extension theory is introduced and the extension control system, which contains three modes and corresponding control algorithms, is established. In addition, the low-frequency excitation and high-frequency excitation simulations are designed to determine the parameters of the extension control system. Finally, ve-DYNA vehicle suspension model simulation is applied to prove the feasibility and effectiveness of the extension control. The simulation results show that, based on the suspension state, extension control can improve the performance of ride comfort and driving safety.


The purpose of this report is not to review the causes and potential consequences of the current situation but to explore the possibility that once again, in the world of publicly traded companies, boards of directors have let one down. Boards have been struggling for centuries to represent their shareholders effectively. Intermittent catastrophes have shone a bright light on the way in which directors have carried out their responsibilities and have led to the now universal question where were the directors? There is no doubt that today's multiple crises will lead to further evolution in the corporate - governance practices of boards and that future crises will again raise the bar. In the meantime, boards must work hard at evaluating themselves, their practices, and the lessons to be learned from others.


The objectives of the research are t o identify the noise sources and noise level exposure inside C130H aircraft's hangar; to produce noise mapping; to identify hearing status of C130H aircraft maintenance crews (MC); and suggesting the noise control measure that can be applied. A field survey on noise level by using a digital sound level meter and producing noise mapping. A hearing testing among 63 MC was carried out in Institute of Aviation Medicine, Royal Malaysian Air Force (RMAF). Reviewing the literature and analyzing some control measures to be taken. Hearing test result shown 41.2% of the MC are having hearing impairment. The highest noise level at the central of the hangar is 92.2 dBA (day-time) and 94.2 dBA (night-time) when there is a C130H aircraft starting its engine at 50 meters from the central of the hangar, 95.3 dBA (day-time) and 97.3 dBA (night-time) when there is a C130H aircraft Engine Ground Run at 150 meters from the central of the hangar. Besides, Auxiliary Power Unit is producing the highest noise level which is 125.7 dBA (day-time) and 127.7 dBA (night-time). The application of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is the very likely control measure to be taken while engineering control is very costly but can be considered. Since noise is recognized as a hazard, hearing protection as PPE will not be the ultimate solution as a control measure. Hence, the Engineering Control must be identified and studied to be implemented as an ultimate solution to control the noise hazard in long term duration.


In South-Eastern Europe, the majority of runner-bean (Phaseolus coccineus L.) production is based on local populations grown mainly in home gardens. The local runner-bean plants are well adapted to their specific growing conditions and microclimate agro-environments, and show great morpho-agronomic diversity. Here, 142 runner-bean accessions from the five South-Eastern European countries of Slovenia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, North Macedonia and Romania were sown and cultivated in their respective countries and characterised using 28 quantitative and qualitative morpho-agronomic descriptors for Phaseolus spp. based on inflorescences, leaves, plants, pods and seeds. For each of these morpho-agronomic descriptors, the accessions can be classified into two or three specific groups. The highest correlations were observed within the fluorescence, seed and pod traits. The highest variability, at 76.39%, was between the different countries, representing different geographic origins, while the variability within the countries was 23.61%. Cluster analysis based on these collected morpho-agronomic data also classified the accessions into three groups according to genetic origins. The data obtained serve as useful genetic information for plant breeders for the breeding of new bean varieties for further studies of the morpho-agronomic traits of the runner bean.


Background and Aim: Opiate dependence is among the main contributors to diseases worldwide, imposing heavy costs on the healthcare system. As an established approach, substitution therapy by methadone has been long considered as the most effective therapeutic method. Case Report: Herein, we present the case of a 40-year-old man, who was referred to the hospital with complaints of sudden and transientlossof consciousnessandahistoryof opiatedependenceundermethadonetherapy,showingrecurrentventriculartachy-cardia and resistant torsade de pointes. Conclusions: Poisoning is among the major adverse effects of methadone use, which involves different systems of the body, including the cardiovascularand respiratory systems. Furthermore, effectivedrugs on QT interval showinterferences. Therefore, it is suggested to incorporate relevant recommendations in the new version of the national opiate-dependence therapy protocol.


It becomes a hot topic of how a country rebuilds the competitiveness in order to get rid of the downturn of economy. The world's second largest economy, Japan, has sunk into decade of economic stagnation from 1990. Since the 1985 Plaza Accord, as the rapid appreciation of the Yen, Japan's manufacturing production bases have transferred to overseas swiftly, "Industrial Hollowing-Out" problem has gradually surfaced, and industrial policy then became one of the important decisions of the economic regulation of Japanese government. In the 21st century, Japan builds a scientific technical revitalization policy system; on the other hand , it also breaks the long-term stagnation after 1990s. The Ministry of Economy of Japan Trade and Industry has been promoting the "industrial cluster plan" and by which to encourage the cooperation with the industries, government and academic, to use local resources actively, and thus to enhance the competitiveness of local industry . It ultimately achieves enhancing of the national competitiveness. This paper is to be literature analysis of the current situation of the Japanese biotechnology industry, supplemented by industry cluster theory and Diamond model theory as the foundation of main structure of this paper, to discuss the background and grounds of the formation of clusters in biotechnical industry in Kinki area of Japan. On the basis of Michael Porter's National Diamond framework has been submitted, it has been considered that the government's influence is an important factor among the other four factors in the whole system. A government should be a media and a challenger, and plays a support role on national competitiveness in order to encourage industrial innovation and to stimulate the domestic market competitiveness. Therefore, this paper focuses on the government policy of cooperation of industry, government and academic, and how the Japanese government to promote the cooperation of industry and academic. Another focus will investigate the TLO, a intermediate institute among the industry and academic. The expectation of this paper is to provide Taiwan government with the cooperated policy of industry-academic of Japan government, as a direction in the future.


The global financial system seems caught in a cycle of boom and bust, instability and scandal. Building on the classic works of E. F. Schumacher and other kindred spirits, Magnuson provides a Buddhist economics perspective on this recurring pattern and offers new possibilities for change.


the article considers the system of land urban passenger transport to the airport "Sheremetyevo". The passenger turnover of the airport and its access transport is analyzed. Despite the fact that the airport has a wide system of access transport, it has not been updated for a long time, is not convenient enough, and takes a long time to make the trip. In connection with the reconstruction of the airport and the introduction of a new terminal in the expansion and subsequently increase the passenger traffic of the airport, it is necessary to improve the transport accessibility of the airport. Based on the study, the authors propose to introduce two new bus routes, which will reduce the travel time to the airport "Sheremetyevo"by 2 times. It is assumed that these routes will have a high passenger traffic due to the opening of the new airport terminal, with its competitive ability in relation to other modes of transport, as well as in connection with the world Cup in 2018. Improving the quality of transport services provided to residents of the city Moscow, as well as tourists, will lead to an increase in the competitiveness of the domestic transport system, which has a significant impact on the socio economic development of the country as a whole.


An important part of the Built Heritage is made of calcareous stone and lime-based plasters and renders. These materials generally show a good durability, but may sometimes suffer from weathering processes that can lead to loss of cohesion of the surface layer (e.g. powdering, chalking). Unfortunately, when considering calcareous materials, there is a lack of efficient and compatible treatments for surface consolidation [1]. Nanolimes intend to overcome the limitations of the traditionally used, but not very compatible, consolidants (e.g. ethyl silicate) [2] and have demonstrated to be able to properly recover very superficial decohesion (e.g. for mural paintings) [3]. However, nanolimes do not always guarantee a mass consolidation, necessary e.g. in the case of decayed stone or render. In fact, lime nanoparticles may, depending also on the substrate properties, partially migrate back towards the surface during drying of the treatment, resulting in a poor consolidating effect in depth [4-6]. In order to solve this problem, a modification of the solvent appears a promising strategy to enhance a more homogeneous nanolime deposition in depth in the treated substrate. As a first step, in this research the behaviour of newly synthetized nanolimes, synthetized by solvothermal reaction of metallic calcium, has been studied. Nanolimes were then dispersed in different solvents (ethanol, isopropanol, butanol, water). The kinetical stability of the colloidal dispersions was studied by Uv-Vis spectroscopy; the absorption and drying kinetics of the nanolimes, when applied on coarse porous Maastricht limestone, fine porous Migne limestone and a lime-based render, was measured. The transport of the nanolime during absorption was investigated by phenolphthalein test and photographically monitored. The deposition of the lime nanoparticles in the stones and mortar was studied by phenolphthalein test and by optical microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy equipped with Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). The results show that both the type of solvent (and thus the stability of the nanolime) and the moisture transport properties of the substrate influence the deposition of the nanolime particles in the treated material. This suggests that an appropriate mixture of solvents, fine tuned to adapt the stability of the nanolime to the moisture transport properties of the substrate, can optimize the deposition of the nanolime in depth. First trials show that a combination of alcohol and water could lead to a strong improvement of in depth deposition.


The Chimney Swift is threatened particularly by the loss of nesting sites. This species is very common in urban areas, and usually nests in old stone or brick chimneys. The Canadian population of chimney swifts has dropped by 95% in 40 years! This structure, imitating a chimney, provides a site for their nests. This experimental nesting box, designed as an ecological answer, is one way to assist in the reestablishment of the species.


Spin-pumping from a ferromagnetic insulator into a high-$T_c$ superconductor with a $d$-wave superconducting order parameter has recently been experimentally observed. Such unconventional superconducting order is known to produce interfacial bound-states for certain crystallographic orientations. Here, we present a methodology which can be used to study spin-pumping into unconventional superconductors, including the role of interfacial bound-states. As an example, we determine how the crystallographic orientation of the $d$-wave order parameter relative the interface changes the spin-pumping effect. We find that the spin-pumping effect is slightly enhanced at low temperatures for orientations hosting interfacial bound-states compared to other superconducting states. However, the spin-pumping effect does not show a coherence peak close to $T_c$ for such orientations, and instead remains smaller than the normal state value for all $T$. For orientations not hosting interfacial bound-states, we find that the pumped spin current can be increased to several times the normal-state spin current at frequencies that are small compared to the superconducting gap. Our results show that the spin-pumping dependency on frequency and temperature changes qualitatively depending on the crystallographic orientation of unconventional superconducting order parameters relative the interface.


Roan et al. (1950 reported the results of studies with P32 labelled organic phosphates. The effect of solvents on the permeabilities of these compounds, the rates of distribution through the tissues of the American roach and the rates of excretion of these compounds by the same insect were presented in the above mentioned paper. The investigation under review represents a continuation of these studies.


The National Ignition Facility (NIF) diagnostic instrument manipulator (DIM) - based high resolution (dHIRES) x-ray spectrometer was used to measure the time evolution of the electron density (n e) and temperature (T e) in the hot spot of four NIF compressed capsules with 25 ps time resolution during the 'stagnation' phase. The electron density was inferred by comparing the measured Stark broadening of the krypton (Kr) Heβ spectral complex with theoretical calculations that include ion dynamic effects, and the electron temperature was inferred by comparing the measured ratio of the intensity of a dielectronically excited Li-like Kr line to the intensity of the Kr Heβ resonance line with calculations using the spectroscopic collisional radiative atomic model (SCRAM) and CRETIN collisional-radiative models. The inferred, time averaged n e values mainly agree with n e values from neutron diagnostics within uncertainties, but the neutron time-of-flight values of T ion are consistently higher than dHIRES T e values by 200–700 eV. The dHIRES measurements and measurement techniques, method of uncertainty analysis, and discussion of comparisons with measurements from neutron diagnostics are presented.


Patients with early‐onset dementia (EOD) often have a high genetic burden, and EOD kindreds with an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance (ADPI) are particularly powerful for gene identification studies.


Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the main reasons for the high mortality rate in the world. In recent years, the importance of vascular lesions of the heart and brain in the structure of causes of death among adolescents has increased. The main risk factor for deaths and serious life-threatening complications of CVD is overweight and, in particular, obesity. Over the past 20 years the prevalence of this risk factor among children aged 6–11 years has doubled, and among teens aged 12–19 years — tripled. It is expected that the urgency of the problem will increase in the future. Over the past 40 years the association of obesity with sleep-disordered breathing has been actively studied. Therewith, obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome is considered as one of the main causes of the development of cardiovascular accidents in adults. This review presents the results of analysis of the problem of CVD development in children with sleep disorders assessing the pediatric aspect of this problem.


variables entered a logistic regression analysis with ADHD diagnosis as the dependent variable and estimated VO2 max, percent body fat, age, race/ethnicity, gender, and household income as predictors. RESULTS: Males were 3 times more likely to be diagnosed with ADHD than females (12% vs. 4%) (β=1.109, Exp(B)=3.03, p < .001). Non-Hispanic Whites were more likely to have been diagnosed with ADHD (13%) compared to Mexican Americans (4%) and Non-Hispanic Blacks (7%); they were also more likely to have seen a mental health professional in the last year (13%), compared to Blacks (8%) and Mexican Americans (6%). Children diagnosed with ADHD evidenced significantly higher VO2 max than typically developing peers (45.3 ml/kg/min vs. 42.0 ml/kg/min; t= -5.00, p<.001) and lower % body fat (26% vs. 29%; t=4.83, p<.001). In regression analyses age, gender, and estimated VO2 Max were related to ADHD, while body fat %, race/ethnicity, and household income were not. For each 1ml/kg/min increase in VO2 max odds of ADHD diagnosis increased by 2% (β=.017, Exp(B)=1.02, p< .01). CONCLUSION: The associations between ADHD, physical fitness and percent body fat were in the opposite direction of hypotheses and previous literature. This may be a function of ADHD diagnosis as the outcome, rather than symptoms. Unfortunately low-income and racial/ethnic minority children are less likely to be diagnosed and more likely to be obese and unfit. Future studies should directly assess ADHD.


We carry out calculations on the van der Waals trimer (LiHe2)-Li-7-He-4 using the mapping method within the frame of hyperspherical coordinates, which allows us to give accurate binding energies and wave functions for both the ground and excited state of the system. When the realistic two-body potentials are adopted, the system presents an excited state which shows Efimov character. We study the range of the interaction strength in which the excited state could exist and find that the state persists within the experiment error band for binding energy of LiHe molecule. We also study the three-body parameter (3BP) of (LiHe2)-Li-7-He-4 system and its relationship with the background scattering length alpha(HeHe). Our calculations demonstrate that the 3BP of (LiHe2)-Li-7-He-4 system is dependent on the value of the scattering length aHeHe, independent of the short-range details of the He-He interaction. The results confirm the prediction of Wang et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 243201 (2012)] that the 3BP for a heteronuclear atomic system is universally determined from the van der Waals lengths and the homonuclear scattering length.


Based on present situation investigation and the analysis of operation status of heating furnace monitoring system in a delayed coking, the common problems and the causes in the heating furnace monitoring system are found out, including transmission unit and the actuator faults, robustness being not strong, low level of operation, the lack of energy saving and security monitoring means and control method single etc., and then the corresponding measures and suggestions to solve the problem are put forward.


An investigation is presented into the dual band operation of an InGaAs/InP quantum well infrared photodetector for both near and middle infrared spectra. The detector performance is evaluated and analysed. It is found that such devices are potentially useful for applications involving dual band simultaneous detection and imaging.


Welding of titanium alloys with steels presents a high risk of cold cracking because of the formation of extremely brittle intermetallic phases associated with residual stress. The use of solid state and diffusion‐based methods as well as a high power beam welding allow so far to achieve good tensile properties through the control of a local phase content. This review summarizes existing approaches for the creation of defect‐free joints between titanium alloys and steels: direct joining without a filler material, the use of insert having full metallurgical compatibility with titanium, the use of insert compatible with stainless steel, and multilayer engineering.


In this paper we propose a nonconforming finite element method for the solution of the ill-posed elliptic Cauchy problem. We prove error estimates using continuous dependence estimates in the $L^2$-norm. The effect of perturbations in data on the estimates is investigated. The recently derived framework from \cite{Bu13,Bu14} is extended to include the case of nonconforming approximation spaces and we show that the use of such spaces allows us to reduce the amount of stabilization necessary for convergence, even in the case of ill-posed problems.


How effective are direct government policies for boosting exports? We answer this question with a structured overview of 34 studies covering 26 countries around the world, and in doing so, we provide nine findings. We show export boosting policies are heterogenenous by design and include export promotion policies, public grants for exporters, public export guarantee schemes, subsidised export loans, and randomised foreign market access programmes. Our review provides insights into policy effectiveness with respect to extensive and intensive export margins as well as firms' production function inputs and its outputs. Heterogeneity of effects across firm characteristics is emphasised and the discussion is enriched with new evidence on spillover effects from export boosting policies. Finally, we provide back of the envelope calculations of aggregate macroeconomic effects and give recommendations for policymakers. Our findings show export boosting policies are relevant and proven-to-be-effective policy instruments.


Modelling cosmic voids as spheres in Euclidean space, the notion of a de-Sitter configuration space is introduced. It is shown that a uniform distribution over this configuration space yields a power-law approximating the void size distribution in an intermediate range of volumes, as well as an estimate for the fractal dimension of the large scale structure.


The synthesis of inorg. materials whose morphologies respond to changing illumination conditions can enable the development of complex nanostructures with tailored optical responses. We have developed a method for light-mediated pattern formation during the electrodeposition of photoresponsive selenium-tellurium (Se-Te) alloys. While no long-range structure is obsd. for Se-Te films prepd. in the dark, those deposited under illumination display a nanoscale lamellar pattern that is continuous over the entire growth substrate. We attribute the light-induced pattern formation to interference between scattered waves at the surface of the growing film, which produces a periodic modulation in the light intensity. The deposition rate of the Se-Te alloy is increased in regions of greater local intensity making the resulting patterns highly sensitive to the wavelength, polarization, and angle of the incident illumination. Further structural complexity can be built into the Se-Te nanostructures by changing the illumination conditions during the electrodeposition process.


The object of this article is the language game in its various manifestations. The subject of this research is the proverbs and sayings of the Swahili language, in which the author attempts to trace the linguistic phenomenon. Special attention is given to various means of language game at different language levels. The goal is to determine whether it is possible to interpret the term "language game" in a broad sense, as well as the extent of application of such linguistic tool in proverbs and sayings of the Swahili language. The article explores different perspectives upon the concept of language game. Analysis is conducted on the Swahili paroemias that demonstrate different ways of language game. The survey results carried out among the native speakers of Swahili are presented. This article is the first to analyze the ways of realization of language game in proverbs and sayings of the Swahili language on the various linguistic levels. The author demonstrates the examples from the corpus of Swahili paroemias, which were translated into the Russian language for the first time. The conclusion is made that language game takes place not only in the written texts, but also in folklore, which indicates that alongside a writer or a linguist, the author of the language game can also be a native speaker. It is underlined hat versatility is also characteristic to the Swahili language paroemias.


Submitted for the DPP11 Meeting of The American Physical Society Asymptotic-preserving Lagrangian approach for modeling anisotropic transport in magnetized plasmas LUIS CHACON, DIEGO DELCASTILLO-NEGRETE, ORNL — Modeling electron transport in magnetized plasmas is extremely challenging due to the extreme anisotropy introduced by the presence of the magnetic field (χ‖/χ⊥ ∼ 1010 in fusion plasmas). Recently, a novel Lagrangian method has been proposed1 to solve the local and non-local purely parallel transport equation in general 3D magnetic fields. The approach avoids numerical pollution (in fact, it respects transport barriers –flux surfaces– exactly by construction), is inherently positivity-preserving, and is scalable algorithmically (i.e., work per degree-of-freedom is grid-independent). In this poster, we discuss the extension of the Lagrangian approach to include perpendicular transport and sources. We present an asymptotic-preserving numerical formulation that ensures a consistent numerical discretization temporally and spatially for arbitrary χ‖/χ⊥ ratios. This is of importance because parallel and perpendicular transport terms in the transport equation may become comparable in regions of the plasma (e.g., at incipient islands), while remaining disparate elsewhere. We will demonstrate the potential of the approach with various challenging configurations, including the case of transport across a magnetic island in cylindrical geometry. 1D. del-Castillo-Negrete, L. Chacón, PRL, 106, 195004 (2011); DPP11 invited talk by del-Castillo-Negrete Luis Chacon Oak Ridge National Laboratory Date submitted: 12 Jul 2011 Electronic form version 1.4


The paper particularly discusses concepts of the digital city and it's key supporting skills, then points out it' s application in city environment protection - that is, to modernize means of management, automate supervision of environment, and lay down emergency countmeasures.


An apparatus, designed to measure the dielectric permittivity of a material interacting with an electromagnetic field, the frequency and the power of which are well controlled, is first described. Results obtained during the dehydration of zeolites are presented to illustrate how the permittivity of a material may change during its transformation, and to underline the possible application of this method to the study of endothermic reactions activated by microwaves.


Because India is neither a developed country nor its steel companies are financially self‐sufficient, they are bound to depend on the external capital, resulting the decision to be taken on the leverage ratio as even more crucial. India being the top exporter of iron ores has the potential to be counted as one of the top exporters of steel if the steel companies follow optimal capital structure. Thus, the leverage ratio needs thorough investigation in order to decide the optimal capital structure. Although there have been some attempts, they are not extensive. The objective of this study is to empirically investigate the present capital structure of Indian steel industry from years 2010 until 2017 and the determinants of capital structure and how these determinants correlate with financial leverage. The research objectives are (1) to identify the significant determinants that affect the capital structure and (2) to conduct an extensive and empirical research in order to estimate the correlations of the determinants with the financial leverage. Seven key determinants have been found: They are profitability, asset structure, size, growth opportunities, non‐debt tax shield, liquidity, and risk. The profitability is found to be highly correlated with the debt ratio as was expected and reported in previous studies. The correlations among the determinants such as asset structure, size, and non‐debt tax shield are statistically significant. Profitability and liquidity carry positive relationship with debt ratio, although there is a negative relationship between debt ratio and asset structure.


International Trade Practice is the main course of international economic and trade specialty.In order to adapt to social needs,we need to strengthen students' ability in international trade theory and practice.This paper discusses the simulation teaching content and the process of implementation.The fact has proved that the use of simulation teaching method can effectively cultivate applied and inter-disciplinary talents of foreign trade and promote employment.


The backward scattering coefficients of several water‐filled sands were measured, as a function of grazing angle, at frequencies of 0.5 Mc and 1.0 Mc. The water‐filled sands are various mixtures of particles whose diameters are 0.40 mm and 0.12 ram. The backward scattered energy is assumed to be the sum of the energy scattered by all the particles of sand in a depth of sand α−1, where α is the absorption coefficient of sound in the water‐filled sand. Hence, from a knowledge of the backward scattering coefficients, attenuation and porosity for graded sands, whose average particle sizes are 0.40 mm and 0.12 mm, backward scattering coefficients for mixtures of the two sizes of particles are calculated and compared with the experimentally measured values. There is agreement within the accuracy of the experiment. The backward scattering experiments were performed using a highly directional sound beam in a laboratory tank. A pulsed‐signal echo‐ranging system was used.


The influences of loading rate (0.1–1000 mm/min) and fumed-silica weight fraction (0–3 wt%) on mechanical properties and fracture toughness of fumed silica/epoxy nanocomposites have been investigated. The fracture toughness (KIQ) was influenced by loading rate and amount of fumed-silica particles, i.e., they increased with decreasing loading rate and increasing fumed-silica weight fraction. The increase of fumed-silica weight fraction enhanced the mobility of polymer chains, reduced the glass-transition temperature, and improved the ductility and fracture toughness of the present nanocomposites. Localized-inelastic deformation (shear lip, stretched zone, crazing, and crack blunting) and plane-stress condition at crack tip were dominating mechanisms at low loading rate (0.1 mm/min). On the other hand, less localized-inelastic deformation and plane-strain condition at crack tip were dominating mechanisms at high loading rates (10–1000 mm/min).


Abstract It is typically assumed that actions are events, but there is a growing consensus that negative actions, like omissions and refrainments, are not events, but absences thereof. If so, then we must either deny the obvious, that we can exercise our agency by omitting and refrainment, or give up on event-based theories of agency. I trace the consensus to the assumption that negative action sentences are negative-existentials, and argue that this is false. The best analysis of negative action sentences treats them as quantifying over omissions and refrainments, conceived of as events.


The utility model discloses a roof deformation joint node structure, comprising retaining walls at the two sides of a deformation joint, concrete coping beams arranged on the top parts of the retaining walls, waterproof roll extended onto the concrete coping beams, and a deformation joint cover plate covered on the uppermost surface of the deformation joint in a crossing manner, wherein a galvanized steel plate trough with two wings is connected between the retaining walls at the two sides of the deformation joint, the two wings of the galvanized steel plate trough are connected to the waterproof roll in a lapped manner, an inclined slope is arranged at the bottom surface of the galvanized steel plate trough along the length direction of the deformation joint, an insulation layer is paved at the bottom surface of the galvanized steel plate trough, two ledges of the galvanized steel plate trough are tightly attached to the surfaces of the retaining walls at the two sides of the deformation joint, anticorrosion wood beams along the length direction of the retaining walls are pressed on the two wings of a waterproof reinforced layer, and the deformation joint cover plate is respectively and fixedly connected with the upper surfaces and the outer side surfaces of the anticorrosion wood beams through steel nails. The waterproof reinforced layer, the anticorrosion wood beams, the galvanized steel plate trough and the waterproof roll are fixedly connected with the concrete coping beams through anchoring parts. The roof deformation joint node structure solves the technical problem that the insulation and waterproof functions of a roof deformation joint in a hybrid structure system are difficultly to guarantee.


This current study aimed to review the importance and assessment of corneal endothelium in terms of corneal transparency. The study revealed that the normal metabolic activity is necessary to maintain the temperature of the cornea, to renew its cells, to support the exchange processes of nutrients and to maintain its transparency. The endothelium is the inner layer of the cornea. The main function of the endothelium is to remove fluid from the corneal stroma, thus allowing the cornea to remain transparent. Younger patients recover relatively more easily after endothelial injury because they have a larger number of endothelial cells compared to older patients. Knowledge of the number and condition of endothelial cells are crucial for a number of decisions that the ophthalmic surgeon is called upon to make usually before surgery and Endothelial assessment health is a criterion for choosing a surgical method.


Abstract Subjects high and low in test-anxiety were presented with an inferential reasoning task requiring the verification of necessary and unnecessary inferences. The task was performed whilst holding either two or six digits in memory. On the verification task, the performance of high-test-anxious subjects was slower and less accurate than that of the low-test-anxious subjects. In addition, unnecessary inferences took longer to process than necessary inferences for the high-test-anxiety group only. The high-test-anxious subjects studied the memory loads for longer than the low-test-anxious group, but their recognition accuracy did not differ. Findings support Eysenck and Calvo's (Cognition and Emotion, 6, 409–434, 1992) processing efficiency theory. The high-test-anxious group's performance on the sentence verification task was impaired overall, and was particularly impaired when performing the unnecessary inference task. However, we also demonstrated that the high-test-anxious group's performance on a secondary memory task was unimpaired as a result of increased effort.


Volume overload is still one of the most important problems associated with chronic heart failure and it is a signifi cant prognostic factor. Monitoring of diuretic therapy by using hemoconcentration indicators and plasma volume estimation can help us increase the effectiveness of a treatment and improve drug dose titration in the context of the patient's clinical condition. In this article we would like to present a 75-year-old patient with heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction and demonstrate on her example how to use a few simple equations to estimate plasma volume and its changes. Klíčová slova: Duarteho rovnice Hakimova rovnice Kaplanova rovnice Odhad plazmatického objemu Srdeční selhání Straussova rovnice Ukazatele hemokoncentrace


Considered the international practice of determining the value of land and the size of compensation for land acquisition for state and municipal needs, as well as methodological recommendations for calculating the amount of compensation.


Objective:The cholinergic system has been shown to modulate estrogen effects on cognitive performance in postmenopausal women. In an effort to further understand cholinergic contributions to cognition after menopause, this pilot study investigated the effects of two receptor-specific anticholinergic drugs on brain activation and episodic memory encoding in postmenopausal women not taking estrogen. Methods:Six healthy postmenopausal women took part in three drug challenges using the antimuscarinic drug scopolamine (2.5 &mgr;g/kg IV), the antinicotinic drug mecamylamine (20 mg PO), and placebo. During functional magnetic resonance imaging, participants performed a visual-verbal continuous recognition memory test that allowed for the separation of encoding and recognition processes. Results:Functional magnetic resonance imaging results showed greater hippocampal and frontal activation and less occipital activation during encoding relative to retrieval conditions. This pattern of activation was similar under both drug challenges. Conclusions:These results suggest that the changes in the cholinergic system may, in part, be responsible for menopause-related increases in brain activation.


This thesie is the first biography of Samuel Wyatt to be written. It attempts to establish the range and importance of his activity as an architect and engineer by using contemporary documentary sources and the evidence of his surviving buildings. In the past, Samuel Wyatt's reputation has been overshadowed by that of his more prolific and famous younger brother James. A whole chapter, therefore, is devoted to their relationship in order to establish the differences in their architectural interests and style. James and Samuel Wyatt were closely associated at the beginning of their careers up to 1774. After that date they were almost entirely independent of each other. Samuel Wyatt's work has been seen by many as a pale reflection of his brother's, and his achievement has thus been undervalued. Samuel was however an important architect in his own right. He was an interesting neo-classical designer with a refined decorative style. He was also an original planner. Many of his contemporaries thought highly of him. They were struck by two aspects of his architecture, its 'elegant simplicity' and its 'ingeniousness'. These are indeed the two dominant characteristics of his work. The ' ingeniousness' is expressed in his use of new materials and constructional techniques, and in his engineering projects. 'Elegant simplicity' perfectly sums up hie austerely refined decorative style. The way in which his work combines engineering and the most elegant neo-classicism is typical of the period. Wyatt's architecture is the exact equivalent of Wedgwood's pottery and Boulton's metal-ware. Several of Samel Wyatt's buildings have previously been attributed mistakenly to James Wyatt. It was essential, therefore, to establish which works were definitely Samuel's. The resulting list, with the sources for each attribution, is included as an appendix. Although hi a architectural output did not rival that of James Wyatt or Robert Adam, it was nonetheless substantial, surpassing that of such contemporaries as Henry Holland and equalling that of the younger George Dance. In addition to the catalogue, many photographs have been assembled to illustrate the range and quality of his work as fully as possible. Various chapters deal with his more important types of buildings. The longest of these describes his country houses, which formed the largest part of his architectural practice. They differ considerably from those of James Wyatt, being more restrained and consistent in scale and style. The majority are Greco-Roman, of moderate size. There are no fully-fledged gothick mansions by him. He only used the style when he had no option as, for instance, at Panshanger and Penrhyn. His few gothick works are vapid and of no interest. On the other hand, his classical country houses are of high quality and some originality. He evolved two personal types of house. One of these was his own version of the Anglo-Palladian villa with a main facade composed of a central domed bow flanked by overarched tripartite windows. The other, which can be called his 'belvedere house', has a main facade flanked by two domed bows. It was designed to take advantage of the prospect as is particularly obvious at Belmont (Kent) where each bow has a little glazed gazebo on top of the dome. Domed bows are the most distinctive single feature of Wyatt's houses. He was obsessed by then and used them on all possible occasions. The interiors of his houses are distinguished for their refined decoration and their novel plans. His decoration was amongst the most elegant of the period. It was even more attenuated and refined than that of Robert Adam and James Wyatt, although derived from the same sources and executed by the same craftsmen. The most important feature of his houses were their plans. Some of them show a great preoccupation with geometry culminating in that for Sundridge Park (Kent) where rooms of all shapes are packed round a circular staircase hall within a pre-existing shell. His plans also display a trend towards greater freedom and fluidity. This is expressed in asymmetrical office iwings and orangeries and the random siting of bow windows on side elevations. After his country houses the most important of Wyatt's buildings were those he designed for public clients including Trinity House in London and the Commissioner's House in the Royal Dockyard at Portsmouth. Another long chapter is therefore devoted to his public employment and works. The ingenious- ness as well as the elegance of his style is particularly apparent in this field, for it includes several of his engineering works suh as the designs for Ramsgate Harbour and for lighthouses. Lighthouses were one of Wyatt's special interests, and he designed four completely new ones, thoroughily remodelled a fifth, and repaired and altered several others. Wyatt was a reliable and competent civil engineer but not a great original like Smeaton or Rennie, his predecessor and successor at Ramsgate. The description of Wyatt's public career also reinforces the picture of an independence from James Wyatt. The latter was surveyor-general, and it might have been expected that his brother's public employment owed something to his influence. This was not the case. All Samuel Wyatt's important public employments were received before James became surveyor-general. Samuel received only one public carpentry contract directly from James Wyatt. An important and unusual aspect of Samuel Wyatt's architectural activity was the designing of subsidiary estate buildings. The design of late eighteenth century farm-buildings has not been explored hitherto. A whole chapter is devoted therefore to this aspect of Wyatt's career. It may be thought eccentric to deal at length with farm-buildings while ignoring Wyatt's London houses. Although he executed much work in London, most of it was not exceptional by contemporary standards. Wyatt made no novel contribution to town house plans. Most of his work in London consisted of alterations to existing buildings and expensive redecoration. Much of it has been destroyed without record. Mention in the appendix together with photographs of the best surviving decoration at Lichfield House seemed to be adequate treatment. On the other hand, his farm-buildings are of considerable architectural and historic interest. He worked for many of the foremost agricultural improvers of the time, including the celebrated 'Coke of Norfolk'. His farms therefore perfectly reflect the great development in agriculture in late eighteenth century England. Some of them are neo-classical designs of considerable originality. They manifest that preoccupation with geometry that is also found in his country house plans. The rise of the Wyatt family in the late eighteenth century is interesting socially and historically. It is symptomatic of the development of agriculture and industry in the north Midlands following the great improvement in communications with London after 1750, particularly the making of canals and turnpike roads. The emergence of Samuel Wyatt as a fashionable architect is part of the same movement in art and science that produced the Lunar Society, Derby Porcelain, Wedgwood's pottery, Boulton's metal ware, and artists like Paul Sandby of Nottingham, Joseph Wright of Derby or the actor David Garrick of Birmingham. This aspect of Wyatt's career is discussed in the preliminary biographical chapter where it is shown how much the success of the Wyatts was due to the encouragement of local landowners and industrialiste such as Lord Scarsdale of Kedleston, the Bagots of Blithfield and Matthew Boulton. A further chapter is devoted entirely to Wyatt's friendship with Boulton and the works that grew out of it. This also completes the picture of Wyatt as an engineer, with discussion of the Albion Mill, London docks, London Bridge and the Thames tunnel at Gravesend. The layout of the thesis is determined to a certain extent by the source material. The chapter on Wyatt's friendship with Boulton is based on the correspondence between Wyatt and Boulton and Watt preserved at Birmingham. The chapter on his public works is based mainly on material in the Public Record Office. The chapters on farms and country houses are based on material still preserved at the houses in question or in local record offices.


Epidemiologists who study cancer etiology are often asked to conduct etiologic investigations of environmental agents and cancer in populations. The difficulty in estimating the effects of relevant exposures arises because environmental data are usually available only on an aggregate level, such as by county. Individual exposures to chemical agents are usually unknown, as is the joint distribution between the environmental exposure level and disease status. Frequently, some information on the cancer cases themselves is available from a disease registry which typically includes age at diagnosis, gender, and race, and these factors may require control in the analysis. An appropriate statistical model which incorporates this nested data structure is needed. This paper illustrates application of a special case of mixed model, namely hierarchical model, to the study of agricultural factors and prostate cancer in Iowa.


Epsilon Sigma was involved in many activities in 2012, including SOAR, the Rambunctious Carnival, visits to freshman biology classes, the TriBeta Knickerbocker ranch bioblitz, blue and gold beginnings, a blood drive, the TriBeta induction dinner, science days, Ecofair at the San Angelo Museum of Fine Arts, 16 annual H.E.B. feast of sharing, cub scouts outing, Helping Hands, science fair at Alta Loma Elementary School, and Reach Out and Read. [Submitted by Ashley Hampton, President].


It is becoming evident that patient-individualized dosimetry in targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT) is a must and not a luxury in the era of precision medicine. It's often argued that patient-specific absorbed dose assessment should be the standard and become routine in TRT, similar to other forms of radiation therapy to improve the correlations between the administered activitiy and the clinical outcome and enable better understanding of the absorbed dose-response relationship.


Centre for Northern Forest Ecosystem Research (Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry), Wildlife Conservation Society of Canada and the W. Garfield Weston Foundation


DNAs from 7 species of mangroves were extracted by the CTAB method. The A 260 / A 280 value of DNA solutions ranged from 1.6 to 2.0. RAPD analysises on genetic diversity of mangroves were conducted. 9 effective primers were screened from 30 arbitrary primers, and 352 DNA bands were amplified. Based on UPGMA cluster analysis on DNA bands amplified by 9 primers, a DNA molecular dendrogram was established. Compared to the conventional classification, the molecular classification of mangroves was accurate.[WT5F1]


CLINICAL HISTORY A 17-year-old adolescent girl presented with chronic left leg pain and was discovered to have osteosarcoma of the left femur. Radiographs of the pelvis obtained at the same time also revealed an incidental finding of multiple calcific or boney opacities in the right pelvis (Fig. 1). Further evaluation with pelvic ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated a right adnexal lesion with fat and calcifications, most compatible with mature cystic teratoma. The patient denied having any pelvic pain related to the lesion, and the decision was made to treat nonoperatively at this time.


The present invention relates to an information processing apparatus and a method of controlling the same. The information processing apparatus can generate URLs for access to Web applications controlled on a port-by-port basis, and includes a storage unit for storing information. The information processing apparatus controls the storage unit such that port information indicative of a port for access to a Web application is stored. The information processing apparatus acquires the port information indicative of the port for access to the Web application, and generates a URL for access to the Web application, the URL including the acquired port information. The generated URL for access to the Web application is registered as a link from another Web application.


This literature review has shown that relatively few studies have been undertaken to determine the rate at which particles may be transported through narrow passageways. Deterrent to experiment is difficulty in measuring the very small quantity and the large number of variables. The principal mechanisms for removing particles in channels are diffusion, gravitational settling, turbulent impaction, and electrostatic scattering. Each mechanism is discussed and the relative importance of these controlling parameters shown with some typical results tabulated. Experimental results are presented, but few represent the exact case under consideration. Studies of particle flow in capillaries give some insight into bulk particle transport through vertical holes under gravity. These studies qualitatively support the view that bridging across an opening under a pressure differential will effectively seal holes much larger than the particles. 6 tables, 5 figures, 30 references.


Excerpt Splenic cysts occur infrequently in the human body. They were first mentioned by Andral1in 1829 in an autopsy report. Pemberton,2in a review of splenectomies at the Mayo Clinic, found four ...


The purpose of this research was to develop a matrix type transdermal patch containing Propranolol hydrochloride and combination of two hydrophobic Polymers Eudragit L-100 and Eudragit S-100 by Solvent Evaporation technique.Combination of two Plasticizers Glycerine and Dibutyl phthalate were used and their effect on drug release was studied by changing their concentration in each batch.Methanol and Dichloromethane solvent system was used in which methanol acts as a penetration enhancer.Since oral bioavailibity of Propranolol Hydrochloride is poor due to high first pass metabolism transdermal patch is formed with the objective to get sustained release drug action with good bioavailibity.The Physicochemical compatibility of the drug and polymers suggested by infrared spectroscopy suggested absence of any incompatibility.Formulated transdermal films were physically evaluated for thickness, weight variation, drug content, moisture and folding endurance. All prepared formulation indicated good physical stability.Invitro drug release studies were performed by using Franz diffusion cells and cellophane membrane.Sustained release drug action was achieved in optimized batches.The Drug irritancy study show that there was no any noticeable sign of erythma or oedema on rabbit skin throughout the period of 48 hrs.


In the paper it is pointed out that machining of titanium alloys is the most difficult problem in metal cutting. The leading world companies are dealing with this problem, as titanium alloys are the basis of the aerospace industry. In the paper high-speed cutters with wavelike teeth edges used for titanium alloys processing are investigated. Every subsequent tooth is displaced at half-space distance. This reduces power load on the hardening of the machined surface. On the basis of power and wear-resistance studies, the advantage of wavy milling cutters in comparison with standard ones is established; it is proved that wavy cutters have a lower specific power load, greater wear resistance and less surface hardening.


ABSTRACT Micro-electric discharge milling (µ-ED milling) process has attracted interests of researchers in the area of fabrication of three-dimensional miniaturised features specifically in difficult-to-cut materials. However, significant electrode wear during machining degenerates the accuracy fabricated micro-features. Therefore, in this work, low-frequency workpiece vibration is introduced to assist µ-ED milling to improve the dimensional accuracy of fabricated micro-channels. Difficult-to-cut Inconel 718 superalloy was selected as a workpiece for fabricating straight micro-channels. Initially, the effect of vibration assistance on the µ-ED milling process performance was evaluated in terms of material removal rate and tool wear. Then, the effect of low-frequency workpiece vibrations on dimensional accuracy and surface quality of fabricated micro-channels was investigated using microscopic images. Overall, the low-frequency workpiece vibration assistance found to be effective in enhancing the process performance of µ-ED milling process.


Britain's history has made a clear imprint on the landscape, and aerial photography demonstrated this in a particularly vivid way. This collection contains a wide variety of 150 private British aerial photographs, some specially taken for the book, brought together to represent Britain from prehistoric times to the 1980s. Arranged chronologically, the subjects include stone circles and burial mounds (often invisible at ground level); Roman monuments; Iron Age hillforts and mediaeval castles, their military significance clearly appreciated from the air; country houses and landscapes, seen as they must have appeared in the eyes of the designers; the normally hidden traces of deserted mediaeval villages; the ground plans of Gothic cathedrals and royal palaces, raised into three-dimensional reality; the characteristic layouts of Oxford, Cambridge and Bath. Towns, villages, industry, agriculture are all shown here. Every picture is accompanied by a detailed commentary.


Introduction. A number of theoretical models have identified dissociation as a possible cognitive mechanism underlying medically unexplained symptoms ("hysteria"). A review of research and theory in this area indicates that the dissociation concept is a useful explanation of this phenomenon. However, existing models of dissociation have a number of explanatory shortcomings. Methods. This article describes a recent model of unexplained illness that aims to extend the dissociation concept by reference to research and theory from contemporary cognitive psychology. Results. According to this view, unexplained symptoms should be regarded as disturbances of consciousness and behavioural control, resulting from the chronic activation of stored symptom representations within memory. This process is driven by the repeated reallocation of high-level attention on to symptom representations. Conclusions. The model offers a fresh perspective on the nature of unexplained symptoms, providing an explicit account of the factors involved in the creation and maintenance of this phenomenon.


The burgeoning development of wearable electronic devices has put forward urgent demands for electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding films featured with superb fire-proof and heat dissipation capability. Herein, multifunctional fire-proof EMI shielding films with superb anisotropic thermal conductivity are constructed based on MXene and montmorillonite (MMT) via a simple vacuum-assisted filtration technique. The existence of MMT can protect the MXene from oxidation and endows the composite films exceptional fire-resistant ability. The impressive thermal conductive performance: high in-plane thermal conductivity (28.8 W m-1 K-1) and low cross-plane thermal conductivity (0.27 W m-1 K-1), ingeniously enables highly efficient in-plane heat dissipation and cross-plane heat insulation in the MXene-based films simultaneously. The high electrical conductivity (4420 S m-1) of the composite film enables superb EMI shielding efficiency over 65 dB in X-band and high specific shielding effectiveness over 10000 dB cm2 g-1 at a thickness of only 25 μm. Importantly, the EMI shielding efficiency is maintained over 60 dB even after burning for 30 s. Besides, the composite films show outstanding Joule heating performance with fast thermal response ( 10 s) and low driving voltage ( 5 V). These multifunctional films are highly promising for applications concerning fire protection, deicing, heat dissipation/insulation, and EMI shielding devices.


Excessive elevation of soluble uric acid (sUA) is associated with the risk of various diseases. However, evolutionary biology implies that sUA has unassigned physiological functions and targets. Here, we demonstrate that sUA directly inhibits the hydrolase and cyclase activities of CD38, a major enzyme responsible for NAD+ degradation, via a reversible non-competitive mechanism, thereby increasing NAD+ availability. CD38 inhibition is restricted to sUA in purine metabolic pathways. A structural comparison using analogs shows that 1,3-dihydroimidazol-2-one is the main functional group for CD38 inhibition, while the adjacent uracil-like heterocycles are also essential. Moreover, mild and short-term elevation of plasma sUA prevents crude lipopolysaccharide (cLPS)-induced systemic inflammation and monosodium urate (MSU) crystal-induced peritonitis by interacting with CD38. Taken together, this study reveals that sUA functions as an endogenous inhibitor of CD38 to physiologically limit NAD+ degradation and innate immunity.


1. Introduction Active remote sensors are turning into indispensible tools for aviation. Especially, coherent lidar systems which can detect atmospheric aviation hazards such as wake-vortices, air drafts, wind shear and turbulence have received wide interest. Such lidars have been deployed with increasing numbers at airports and research facilities around the world. Some of the common aviation safety applications include landing and takeoff in adverse conditions and aircraft spacing optimization at airports. The most widespread implementation of a coherent lidar transmitter is a high energy (milliJoules) and low repetition rate (multi Hz) solid-state laser


REzNICK, D. 1983. The structure of guppy life histories: The trade-off between growth and reproduction. Ecology 64:862-873. RosENQVIST, G. 1990. Male mate competition and female-female competiton for mates in the pipefish Nerophis ophidion. Anim. Behav. 39:11101115. SCHULTZ, E. T., AND R. R. WARNER. 1989. Phenotypic plasticity in life-history traits of female Thalassoma bifasciatum (Pisces: Labridae). 1. Manipulations ofsocial structure in tests for adaptive shifts of life-history allocations. Evolution 43:1497-1506. STENSETH, N. C. 1978. Demographic strategies in fluctuating populations ofsmall rodents. Oecologia 33:149-172. SVENSSON, I. 1988. Reproductive costs in two sex role reversed pipefish species (Syngnathidae). J. Anim. Ecoi. 57:929-942. TRIVERS, R. L. 1972. Parental investment and sexual selection, pp. 136-179. In B. Campbell (ed.), Sexual


This study describes the use of a continuous flow system for photocatalytic reactions employing a TiO2 sol–gel structured catalyst. The catalyst was immobilized on various stainless steel meshes to investigate the barium(II) removal. To verify its photocatalytic activity, batch tests were carried out and the results were compared to the commercial catalyst P25. Effects of thermal treatment on the structured catalyst were investigated (623, 823, and 1,023 K). The continuous flow photocatalytic tests were conducted under different experimental conditions through an experimental design to verify the effect of the parameters (pH and volume flow). The results of the batch tests indicated that the TiO2 sol–gel catalyst showed very similar activity to the TiO2 P25 when used in powder suspension (about 32% reduction of Ba2+). In the continuous flow process, maximum adhesion of catalysts on meshes was found at a calcination temperature of 623 K. The experimental design indicated the pH as a significant parameter in the studied conditions. It was observed that at pH levels close to 7, also indicated by the study of the zero charge point and lower flow rates, it was possible to obtain ∼20% removal of Ba2+ ions, in a continuous flow reactor with a residence time of 83 min.


The phonon dispersion of chromium has been investigated over a large temperature range. Besides an overall decrease in the phonon frequencies the L 1 /3(111) mode and the T 1 [ξξ0] branch exhibit a remarkable softening with increasing temperature. The analysis in terms of a Born-von Karma force-constant model assuming axial symmetry yields dominating second-nearest-neighbor force constants. Their variation with temperature causes the observed phonon softening. A comparison with other transition metals shows a systematic softening of the shear motion of [111] rows against each other with decreasing d-electron density


"Qu(去)" is a typical movement verb in modern Chinese.In "qu(去)VP" structure the movement is projected from physical level to psychological level,time level and other non-physical levels through metaphor.Thus it leads to the various semantic differences of "qu(去)" in modern Chinese.


[Objective] The purpose of the study was to introduce the new extraction technology of lycopene from Blakeslea trispora.[Method] The lycopene was extracted from B.trispora by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction technology and the influence of extraction time,extraction temperature,extraction pressure and flow rate of carbon dioxide on the extraction rate was studied.[Result] After the filtered fermentation broth was pretreated with 95% alcohol,the extraction rate of lycopene was highest when the extraction time was 3 h;its extraction rate was highest when the extraction temperature was 45 ℃ and then its extraction rate was decreasing along with the ascending of temperature;the optimum extraction pressure was 45 MPa and the optimum flow rate of carbon dioxide was 20 L/h.[Conclusion] The optimum technology for extracting lycopene from B.trispora by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction technology was as follows: the pressure was 45 MPa,the temperature was 45 ℃ and the flow rate of carbon dioxide was 20 L/h.Under this condition,the yield rate of lycopene could reach 76%.


Abstract The private rental sector (PRS) is growing in many advanced economies due to declining home ownership and retrenchment in social housing. This paper examines changes in the PRS in the context of housing market change and ongoing urbanisation processes. Using the example of Australia, it identifies a paradox when examining detailed changes in PRS composition between 1996 and 2011. Increasing demand from higher and lower income households has occurred alongside increasing concentration of supply in mid-market segments. The paper discusses possible explanations of this mismatch. It suggests that middle/higher income households rent through a mixture of constraint and choice in areas with a high level of amenity, adding to understanding of gentrification of inner-city areas. Urban restructuring, evident in increased land values in inner areas of large cities, has resulted in limited 'filtering down' of older housing into low-rent private rental stock and a concentration of investment in supply in mid-market segments with greatest prospects for resale and rental.


Understanding the determinants that influence obesity among children and adolescents is critical to the prevention of obesity and obesity-related diseases later in life. The findings presented here broaden the understanding of obesity-related challenges by adding analyses that compare nutritional indicators among boys and girls between the ages of 11 and 16 years, by exploring the more recent literature to examine if past trends have continued or not, and by synthesizing the recent findings concerning the causes and determinants of such trends in obesity. Both data from 2005 and the more recent literature review have shown that the consumption of high calorie foods and snacks, greater screen time, body image, and depressive factors play a significant role regarding obesity during adolescence in Thailand. There continues to be a trend of increasing obesity among adolescents in Thailand, and this may be more of a concern in boys. Interviews with health professionals and parents from the 2005 study suggested that girls were more aware of their physical appearance, and there was more societal acceptance to be obese as a boy in Thailand compared to girls. These findings can inform nutritional education practices and policies.


Experiments with a XeCl* excimer laser have shown that not all resonator configurations with intracavity Fabry–Perot etalons result in proper output-beam formation. We present a model for the growth of the coherence length in the resonator. This model explains the experimental results with various resonator configurations.


The invention covers the non-resin contact area by bonding the resin upper end portion of the burr prevention member formed to protrude in the lower mold cavity on the parts of the non-resin contact of the resin-sealed around the bottom mold and set in the cavity, the resin encapsulation around the substrate the substrate region. In this state, by closing the upper and lower sentence bottom mold resin sealing the LED chip on the entire substrate is immersed in a transparent resin material in the cavity. Furthermore, by compressing the transparent resin material in the lower die cavity to prevent the seal forming each LED chip in the transparent resin molded article (a lens), and the resin member it can not be attached to the resin eoga contact area.


-The main purpose of writing this article is to analyze how legal problems might arise in handling patients, by dental therapists / dental nurses in carrying out abundant tasks, and analyzing about how to resolve disputes medical treatment by dental therapists through mediation channels. The writing of this article uses sociological juridical research methods, where the data used are primary data (data taken directly from the field) and secondary data (data taken from literature studies). The results of the study showed that the arrangement regarding the abundant duties of the dentist to the nurse / dental therapist had been regulated in Permenkes Number 512 / Menkes / Per / IV / 2007, however, in handling patients based on such abundant tasks, in the event of a medical dispute, would cause legal issues, the problem is because, there is still no understanding of the overflow task, whether it is the responsibility of the dental nurse or the doctor who is giving the overflow task. So it is necessary to make a concept of medical dispute resolution which is done by mediation in order to solve the problem of medical disputes between nurses / dental therapists who get abundant assignments from dentists and patients who feel disadvantaged.


A system of asymmetric devolution was established for the first time in Great Britain in 1999. Its advocates hoped it would strengthen public support for the maintenance of the United Kingdom, whereas its critics feared it would have the opposite effect. This article examines which of these two perspectives appears to have been correct by looking at trends in national identity and constitutional preferences in each of England, Scotland, and Wales following the advent of devolution. It finds that although there may have been some erosion of British national identity and although there are some pressures for further changes, a system of asymmetric devolution appears to be the only constitutional structure capable of enjoying public support throughout Great Britain. Copyright , Oxford University Press.


Shear wave velocity is an important parameter to reflect the engineering properties of granular materials like sand.The measurement of shear wave velocity throughout the discrete element simulation is of great significance to understand the microscopic mechanism of variation of the mechanical properties.Numerical simulation of shear wave propagation using DEM is implemented by applying a velocity pulse to the transmitter in a certain direction and monitoring the corresponding average velocity of the receiver.The cross-correlation analysis is adopted due to its superiority of both determining the travel time and identifying similarities between two signals.The shear wave velocity is calculated using the wave travel time and the distance of the travel path,in exactly the same way as in laboratory tests.The influencing factors including excitation frequency,excitation amplitude,size of transmitter and receiver as well as damp are carefully analyzed,and reasonable values of the parameters for shear wave modeling are proposed.It is found that the appropriate excitation amplitude should be chosen on the basis of avoiding the generation of frictional work.It is also indicated that fruitful results will be obtained if both the radius of transmitter and receiver are chosen as one half of that of DEM specimen's.The research results are verified through the outcomes of even-particle assemblies.


Courtship song is one of the most important male signals in Drosophila mating. A female D. melanogaster copulates more readily when given a conspecific type of courtship song. Female D. melanogaster accepted winged D. sechellia more than wingless ones in a no choice test. Copulation frequencies varied between strains and were significantly correlated with male mating propensity of D. sechellia. Females from three of five strains of D. sechellia accepted winged D. melanogaster less than wingless ones in no choice tests, suggesting that D. melanogaster songs reduce mating in D. sechellia females. Multiple choice tests showed that males prefer conspecifics. In female choice tests, D. melanogaster females copulated with winged heterospecific D. sechellia males more than with wingless conspecific D. melanogaster males in the confined condition, suggesting that song differences between D. melanogaster and D. sechellia affect D. melanogaster females less than the absence of courtship song. Copyright 2000 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour.


In this paper, a multiple-output high-frequency soft switching inverter is presented for home and business use "all metal" IH cooking appliances. The frequency and handling power of each output can be selected and regulated individually. The proposed inverter is composed of two single high-frequency circuit cells which are connected in parallel. Therefore, the number of switching devices in the proposed inverter can be significantly reduced. The simulation and experimental results indicate that the proposed circuit is suitable for the multiple output IH concepts such as free-zone induction heating, multi burner type cooking set-up and so on.


While nowadays inspection and maintenance is mainly performed manually, the deployment of mobile robot systems could reduce the necessary resources for these tasks in the future. Within this paper major hindrances and possible remedies for the deployment of teleoperated mobile robots in industrial environments are discussed. Specifically, concepts for the seamless integration of mobile robots into industrial infrastructures, for intuitive feedback and commanding of such robots as well as advanced user-interfaces are elaborated. It is discussed in how far this multi-modal approach promises to significantly improve the usability of teleoperated robots for industrial applications.


For scientific and rational design drying process of konjac slices,the water variation of konjac slices by convective drying at different temperatures and drying air flow rates was studied The results showed that konjac slices convective drying had obvious constant rate drying period and falling rate drying period,and during the experimental temperature range,the higher drying air temperature or the greater drying air flow,the faster dehydrating speed of konjac slices and the shorter drying time.The drying curve fitting equationes were established:y=ax2+bx+c,Where:y is dry-basis moisture content of konjac slices(g/g),x is drying time(min),c is original moisture content of konjac slices.


Prompted by the emergence of alternative pathways to teacher certification as well as federal, state, and local policy directives aimed at raising student achievement, this study explores the extent to which prospective teachers' reasons to teach have or have not changed since before the enactment of such changes in public schools. In addition, the study contributes to the literature on the recruitment and retention of STEM teachers in difficult-to-staff schools through the analysis of reasons to enter teaching and the implications of those reasons for career changers in an alternative teacher preparation program. Data for this study were gathered over the span of participants' entire first year in the classroom through interviews, questionnaires, and application materials. This study found that participants in Alternative Certification in Science and Mathematics (ACSM) express model influences, experiential influences, programmatic influences, race- and gender-related reasons, and vocational reasons as motivation for teaching. In addition, data revealed that participants' reasons to stay in teaching become much more specific over time.


The aim of this article is to bring to the attention of a wider audience the potential for political analysis, and in particular political analysis linked to issues of peace and conflict, of the area of "linguistic pragmatics." The main example we are concerned with is that of the Anglo-Irish Agreement. The article aims to identify, in the main, British government and unionist interpretations of various issues inherent in the Agreement. In particular, those contexts where such interpretations are in conflict. The article claims that an awareness of pragmatics, specifically Relevance Theory, may help us understand and explain the structure and organization of such interpretations. By analyzing interpretations and their consequences, in the case of either understanding or breakdown, for example, we may gain insight into the role of language in efforts to achieve political peace and settlement in Northern Ireland.


Canted cosine theta (CCT) magnets have received increased attention in the recent years due to their inherent characteristics of high field quality and low conductor stresses, as each turn is supported by the metallic former. CCT geometry is suitable for complex magnets—such as nested dipoles, which allow full 360° control of the magnetic field direction. Modeling and design of such magnets is the subject of this work. A parametric 3D modeling framework for multilayer CCT magnets has been developed and optimized allowing efficient model generation without a need for both: CAD software and time consuming meshing. The model has been created using the APDL scripting language and solved using the Ansys software. By direct generation of nodes and elements the time to generate a model with one million elements was of the order of 10 min. A framework for script generation was developed, as well as the relations between the mesh parameters and the total number of nodes and elements. Detailed mesh dependence study was carried-out with in-depth analysis of solver performance (solution time, amount of written data, RAM requirements). Global and local convergence criteria were introduced to find the optimal mesh size. The case of a four layer 2.5 Tm nested dipole was analyzed in details including the worst-case scenario with full debonding between the CCT layers. Thanks to the castellations the nested-dipole is safe to support 144 000 Nm of torque due to Lorentz forces even with full de-bonding between the layers.


Objects:To evaluate the clinical application value in the assessment of HCM by dual-source CT(DSCT).Methods:The clinical dada and DSCT imaging of 10 cases with confirmed HCM and 13 normal controls were analyzed retrospectively.Results:10 cases of HCM including asymmetric HCM(n=9),symmetric HCM(n=1) were clearly diagnosed by DSCT,and one of asymmetric HCM was accompanied by LVOT.The thickness of interventricular septum,anterior wall and apical in the HCM group were significantly greater than in the control group,while there were no significant differences in the thickness of free and posterior wall between them.The ratio of maximum wall thickness of the Left ventricular wall or apex to the PWTd in end-diastole was greater than 1.5 in the HCM group.LVIDd,LVIDs and LVOTd in the HCM group were smaller than in the control group,on the contrary,LADd in the HCM group was greater than in the control group.WT in the control group was about(57.88 5.09)%,while it reduced to(20.10 ± 4.89)% of the thickened segments in HCM group.Both MM and EF in the HCM group were greater than in the control group,instead,both EDV and ESV in the HCM group were smaller than in the control group.One case had atheromatous plaque and the degree of coronary artery stenosis was approximately 85%;7 cases had myocardial bridge(MB) and all of the MB at LAD.Conclusions:DSCT is a promising modality to assess HCM,which can provide one-stop noninvasive evaluation of cardiac morphology,function,as well as coronary artery anatomy.


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