An analysis of Georgia's interstate truck weighing data is made to determine the effects of the factors of average annual daily traffic (AADT), percentage of trucks, and geographical area. The results will be used in selecting the number and location of permanent interstate truck weighing stations in Georgia. An analysis of variance design is used to study the effects of the chosen factors on average weights, accumulative weights, and 18 Kip axle equivalent loads for both rigid and flexible pavement. The design is broken into the different classes of trucks and the direction of travel. A study of the distribution of truck weights by truck classification is also made using histograms. The histograms are broken into single axle, tandem axle, and total truck weight for studying the percentage of trucks in violation of Georgia law. A general conclusion of the study was that the factors of area, AADT, and percentage of trucks had no significant effect on interstate truck weighing in Georgia for research purposes. (Author)


For the purpose of developing a series of novel supported NiO and AgO catalysts for toluene as a model compound of tar from a biomass gasification process, the supported NiO/Al2O3 and AgO/Al2O3 catalysts were prepared and characterized. Considerless of the porous structure with some loading of AgO and NiO in catalysts, results showed that the Ni-based catalysts not only had a smaller pore size, but also had a larger specific area. After using a bench-scale catalyst evaluated device to investigate the activity of the catalysts, we got that the toluene removal efficiency reached to 97% for catalytic pyrolysis with 15wt%NiO/Al2O3 catalyst at 800°C. But the activity of AgO/Al2O3 catalyst was poor.


Tracker systems require increased accuracy to meet the demands of today's systems under development. The ability to track the object at the subpixel level is required. Traditional registration methods are used to determine target location to the nearest pixel. This is followed by subpixel registration to refine the target position to subpixel accuracy. A search-based algorithm is described which takes advantage of the predicted object location. This search-based tracker performed as well or better than the cascaded tracker structure while using less than one-half the computations. The tracking system was tested on synthetic imagery.


Installment options are weakly path-dependent contingent claims in which the premium is paid discretely or continuously in installments, instead of paying a lump sum at the time of purchase. This paper deals with valuing American continuous-installment options written on dividend-paying assets. The setup is a standard Black–Scholes–Merton framework where the price of the underlying asset evolves according to a geometric Brownian motion. The valuation of installment options can be formulated as an optimal stopping problem, due to the flexibility of continuing or stopping to pay installments as well as the chance of early exercise. Analyzing cash flow generated by the optimal stop, we can characterize asymptotic behaviors of the stopping and early exercise boundaries close to expiry. Combining the PDE and Laplace transform approaches, we obtain the Laplace transform of the initial premium in an explicit form, which is decomposed into the value of the associated European vanilla option with the same payoff p...


This chapter focuses on teacher professional development and TELL, and the constraints of TELL. More specifically, it explores some of the barriers and enablers to the use of technology in English language classes in six secondary school across Malaysia, in both rural and urban settings.

The cross-cultural aspect of the study comes from a comparison of the schools involved and considerations of context-appropriate technological tools and materials in the differing school environments. The backdrop to the study is the Malaysian Ministry of Education (MMoE) aim to develop technology use such that it 'will be a ubiquitous part of schooling life, with no urban-rural divide and with all teachers and students equipped with the skills necessary to use this technology' (Malaysian Education Blueprint 2013-2025, 2013, p. E-20).

One particular issue highlighted in the study is the benefit of communities of teachers working together to implement and integrate technology into their teaching.


At present, multi-label supervised topic model is a kind of effective multi-label classification model applied to various domain. However, due to the limitation of traditional label-topic correspondence in existing multi-label supervised topic model, there are still some aspects that need to be improved. This paper proposed a label distributed LDA model(LD-LDA) for providing more complete label description, which overcomes the disadvantage that labels can only be associated with a fixed hidden topic set or a set of non-overlapping hidden topics, so as to describe labels by the form of probability distribution of all hidden topics. The experimental results show that LD-LDA model has better prediction effect than comparative models in protein function prediction. Although the description of observable variables, parameters and hidden variables in LD-LDA model is based on the problem of protein function prediction, LD-LDA model is essentially a multi-label topic model, which is also applicable to various multi-label application scenarios.


In 2009 the Kepler Space Telescope was launched into space to look for extra-solar planets around distant stars. The portion of the sky covered by the Kepler Space Telescope was(and still is) a small region between the constellations of Cygnus and Lyra.When the Kepler analyzed the star KIC8462852 an anomaly was detected in the starlight distribution with an occultation that reduces the flux of light by 20 percent. Such anomaly as far as we know cannot be explained by natural causes. It is believed that the anomaly is due to an artificial alien megastructure that passes in front of the star blocking its light however this needs further confirmation. KIC8462852 lies at a distance of 600 parsecs.( ' 1956 light-years) from Earth.(Some works refers a distance of 454 parsecs).Since General Relativity allows arbitrary large speeds(superluminal velocities) under the framework of the warp drive theory we choose the Natario warp drive model in this work in an attempt to determine how large can these arbitrary velocities effectively be.A spaceship would need to attain a velocity of 10000 times light speed in order to make a round trip from Earth to KIC8462852 in a reasonable amount of time(in months not in years) however we would get in the expression of the negative energy density the factor 4, 86×10 !!!A number with 50 zeros!!!.This number is directly proportional to the magnitude of the number that presents the masses of 1 billion galaxies!!!!.In this work we demonstrate how to reduce the negative energy density requirements from 10 to affordable levels able to sustain a Natario warp bubble at 10000 times light speed.We also demonstrate how to overcome the hazardous collisions with the particles of the Interstellar Medium(IM) that would occurs at such speeds.We also describes briefly the star system KIC8462852 using the papers of Boyajian,Schaefer and Wright. ∗firstname.lastname@example.com


To address the sometimes large amounts of packet loss and retransmissions in TCP Reno, the authors proposed several modifications to TCP Reno's congestion control algorithm. The resulting protocol, TCP Vegas, includes three main modifications: a fine-grained round-trip-time (RTT) timer, congestion avoidance using expected throughput, and congestion control during TCP's slow-start phase. Brakmo et al. reported a 40-70% increase in throughput when using TCP Vegas versus TCP Reno.


Since the credibility of the European Union (EU) conditionality for Turkey has significantly weakened after 2005, compliance with the EU requirements has become less likely. However, we observe continuing reforms in the fight against corruption and minority rights, which is rather puzzling. Given the limited impact of the EU incentives, this paper brings back the 'domestic' into the analysis by exploring the role of various domestic actors, such as Turkish state elites, civil society and the media. Yet, as the empirical evidence suggests, policy change in the fight against corruption and minority rights has been driven by the domestic agenda of the governing party, the Justice and Development Party, and its political preferences based on strategic calculations.


The author describes the computing environment and requirements for a hierarchical storage management (HSM) product within the AT&T Bell Laboratories. He first describes the data storage services provided within AT&T Bell Laboratories. Next, he describes the application environment of some of the major UTS and workstation customers. The applications considered include UTS-based software development and field support, workstation-based general computing, and workstation-based system test labs. Finally, he presents a concise statement of the HSM requirements, a method to measure these requirements, and the rationale behind each requirement.<<ETX>>


Recently, parallelization of computations in the presence of dynamic data structures has shown promising potential. In this paper, we present PLDS, a system for easily expressing and efficiently exploiting parallelism in computations that are based on dynamic linked data structures. PLDS improves the execution efficiency by providing support for data partitioning and then distributing computation across threads based on the partitioning. Such computations often require the use of speculation to exploit dynamic parallelism. PLDS supports a conditional speculation mechanism that reduces the cost of speculation. PLDS can be employed in the context of different forms of parallelism, which to cover a wide range of parallel applications. PLDS provides easy-to-use compiler directives, using enabling programmers to choose from among a variety of data partitionings to distribute computation across threads in a partitioning-sensitive fashion, and to use conditional speculation when required. We evaluate our implementation of PLDS using ten benchmarks, of which six are parallelized using speculation. PLDS achieves 1.3x--6.9x speedups on an 8-core machine.


In this work, large-scale single crystalline Nd-doped BaTiO3 hollow nanoparticles have been synthesized via a simple hydrothermal method without the assistance of a surfactant or high temperature sintering. With unique hollow structures, the nanoparticles not only exhibit excellent compatibility with poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF), but significantly enhanced the dielectric properties of the nanocomposites. We demonstrated that the dielectric constant of the nanocomposite reached up to 480.3 with dielectric loss of 0.6 at 102 Hz. Design and optimization of the synthesis method have been achieved through a systematic study of the effect of reaction conditions on the size and morphology evolution of the hollow nanoparticles. The formation of hollow nanostructures is proposed to follow a Kirkendall induced hollowing mechanism which is governed by the differences in diffusion rates of dopant ions, water molecules and core ions during the synthesis reaction.


The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of vitamin E in improving the seminal parameters during storage for 72 h. The semen ejaculates were collected by artificial vagina from nine bucks (Beetal) during the normal reproduction season. The samples were centrifuged and seminal plasma was discarded. The sperm pellet was diluted with Tris based extender and divided into 4 groups. Group 1 was taken as control and groups 2, 3 and 4 were supplemented with tocopherol @ 0.1mM, 1mM and 3mM, respectively. The samples were evaluated for progressive motility, percent livability and acrosome integrity before and after liquid preservation for 72 h. After 72 h of storage, the decline in the progressive sperm motility was significant in groups 1, 2 and 3 and was non-significant in group 4. The progressive sperm motility, percent livability and percent intact acrosomes were significantly higher in group 4 as compared to control and other treated groups at 72 h of storage at 4°C. Thus, it can be concluded that vitamin E when supplemented to the semen samples @ 3mM concentration helps in maintaining the quality of seminal parameters during liquid preservation of semen at 4°C for 72 h.


Introduced the water level measurement principle of the intelligent electrical contacted water level indicator and construction of the system . The design method of signal stimulation circuit, which makes use of the spiccato volts d.c., and relevant measurement circuit is published according to analyzing the relatire of electrolytic water and DC signal.Six-grade audio and light automatic alert mechanism was designed based on the need in industrial field. The software design idea applying the event-driven mechanism was described.


Dobsonia minor (Dobson, 1879) and D. magna Thomas, 1905 are recorded from Yapen Island for the first time. D. beauforti Bergmans, 1975 is recorded from Biak and Owii Islands; hitherto, it was known from Waigeo only. Dobsonia emersa n. sp. is described from Biak and Owii Islands. A possibly related taxon is reported from Numfoor Island. The taxonomy of Dobsonia species belonging to the moluccensis group sensu Andersen, 1909 is briefly discussed.


A US company has developed software that uses IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi) wireless technology to determine a user's location. Skyhook Wireless has released its Wi-Fi Positioning System for application developers and mobile-device manufacturers to use in their products. The company plans to make WPS available for individuals to download in the future. Applications and devices, such as cellular phones, could use WPS to offer driving directions, provide 911 emergency services for Internet telephony, or enable local search services that determine where users are so that they can provide the locations of nearby businesses and services. The technology could even help locate stolen equipment. Skyhook's first customer was CyberAngel, a lap-top-recovery system. Skyhook hired people to drive the streets of 25 major US cities with laptops to find Wi-Fi signals from public and private access points including those for individuals and wireless LANs. The company then built a database of the access points' locations, identified via the media-access-control (MAC) address of their wireless routers, and their locations. When a Skyhook user is in a neighborhood , the client scans the area every 0.1 seconds for access points, explained Skyhook CEO Ted Morgan. The system reads each access point's MAC address and compares it to the database, thereby obtaining multiple location and signal-strength readings around the user, Morgan said. By using a proprietary algorithm that gives more weight to stronger signals, WPS calculates the user's location. " We can determine your location within 20 to 40 meters, " said Morgan. And, he noted, the more Wi-Fi access points in an area, the more accurately the system can locate a device. Also, he noted, WPS software can determine when a user moves an access point to another location and update the sys-tem's database. The well-known Global Positioning System's accuracy depends on the quality of the receiver, environmental conditions , how much time the user spends in a given location, and other factors, explained Craig Mathias, principal of Farpoint Group, a mobile-technology consultancy. Although GPS can be very precise under some circumstances, he said, " I generally assume it is accurate to a couple hundred feet. " GPS consists of 24 satellites and numerous land-based receivers. The satellites transmit signals containing data on their location and how long it takes the signals to reach the receivers. A receiver can thus determine how far it is from a satellite. GPS triangulates signals from three satellites to …


In silico molecular docking approach, through screening of chemical libraries to the active site of the target protein is playing a vital role in identification of lead molecules. Prediction of drug properties and calculation of adverse effects for the lead molecules computationally simplify the crucial and cost-effective aspect in drug discovery. In this study, we performed the docking simulations on AChE active site with maltol and its derivatives from ZINC database in autodock vina in PyRx software. Further, the lead molecules identified in the docking process were subjected to molinpiration and Osiris servers to get their ADME and adverse effect properties respectively. Moreover, biological targets and functions of lead structures were predicted in PASS, an online server. The results demonstrated that the derivatives of maltol viz. ZINC01655221, ZINC02545409, ZINC40891630, ZINC1674584 and ZINC00161033 were found to have a good binding affinity with the active site of the AChE in docking studies. Further, these compounds along with standard compound maltol have shown the hydrogen bond interactions with key amino acid residues of AChE. All lead ZINC compounds have qualified the drug properties and adverse effect calculations. PASS prediction also supported the inhibitory effect of lead compounds on neurological disease viz. Alzheimer's disease. Based on docking, drug property prediction, adverse effect calculations and PASS prediction results, it was inferred that all the identified lead molecules have the ability to inhibit the AChE target protein and thus can be suggested as the most desired compounds to treat Alzeihmer's


The narrowband linear predictive coder (LPC) is becoming widely used in both civilian and military applications. Yet, in spite of the many improvements made over the years, it is still not universally acceptable to general users. Therefore we present improvements to three aspects of the LPC analysis to increase the quality and intelligibility of the narrowband LPC. They are: (1) frequency spreading of voiceless fricative sound spectra, (2) adaptive analysis-window placement at onsets, and (3) suppression of intraframe pitch interference.


The clustering process in pattern mining of spatio-temporal trajectories is an important research content. Although there has existed extensive research on trajectory clustering, the efficiency of these algorithms is not able to meet the efficiency requirements faced with the large volumes of position data from moving objects. In order to improve the efficiency of clustering, this paper proposes two parallel algorithms for trajectory clustering, using parallel computing to seed up the calculation and employing the grid index to realize regional query and reduce some unnecessary calculations. Finally, the efficiency of the proposed algorithms is validated by extensive experiments on a real taxi trajectory dataset.


Replacement of fish meal with cattle rumen epithelial tissue scrapings meal (CRETSM) in growing rabbit's diet was studied in a 56 day trial to explore the possibility of recycling this waste and reduce feed formulation cost. One hundred and twenty growing rabbits were divided into six groups of twenty rabbits each which was assigned to six diets that had 0, 20, 40, 60 80 and 100 percent fish meal in it replaced with CRETSM in a Completely Randomized Design. Data collected were feed intake, weight gain, feed: gain ratio, production cost, carcass characteristics and nutrient digestibility. Data were analyzed by ANOVA. Weight gained by the rabbits fed 0, 20, 40, 60 and 80 percent fish meal in their diets replaced were similar but were higher (P<0.05) than that fed only CRETSM. Similar trend was observed in carcass weight and protein digestibility. Feed cost decreased with increase level of CRETSM in the diets while production cost was lower for the rabbits fed diets that contained CRETSM. Poor feed utilization was observed in the rabbits fed only CRETSM. Feed intake, organ weights and nutrient digestibility were unaffected. It was concluded that CRETSM can replace 80% fish meal in growing rabbit diet.


Hemodynamic shear stress has recently been reported to modulate vascular development and repair via canonical Wnt--catenin signaling pathway. It is recognized that protein Kinase C isoform epsilon (PKCe) signaling in mitochondria confers cardioprotection via VEGF and eNOS activation in response to ischemia/reperfusion injury. Here, we hypothesized that shear stress-responsive PKCe signaling modulates glycolytic metabolites to promote vascular repair. By performing a metabolomic analysis, both oscillatory (OSS: ±1 dynes·cm -2 at 1 Hz) and pulsatile shear stress (PSS: 23 dynes·cm -2 at 1 Hz) significantly increased endothelial glycolytic metabolites; namely, xylitol and dihydroxyacetone ( n =6, p p n =4, p Tg(flk1:GFP) zebrafish embryos, we performed micro-injection of GATA-1a morpholino oligonucleotide (MO) at 1-4 cell stage to inhibit hematopoeisis, thus decreasing viscosity and fluid shear stress. In response to tail amputation, GATA-1 MO impaired and delayed vascular repair compared with the control injection ( n =20, p Figure 1 ). Co-injection of PKCe mRNA with GATA-1a MO rescued tail repair ( n =5, p Figure 1. Tail repair in response to injection with GATA-1 MO or rescue by co-injection with PKCe mRNA, dpf: days post-fertilization; dpa: days post-amputation.


This paper describes and analyses trends in the use of communications and information technologies and the impact these have on the education sector as a whole, but particularly the higher education sector. These technologies can be used to address the changing demands within the sector for: more flexible learning; extension of university services to national and international markets; and more cost effective delivery of higher education in an extremely competitive environment. A number of case studies have been chosen to illustrate significant developments in the use of information technology in tertiary education, including some examples from the vocational education and training sector and tertiary private providers.


Site preparation-whether for timber and/or wildlife objectives - can influence the quality of wildlife habitat on the site and surrounding forest for the entire rotation period of the regenerated stand. The site preparation you select will help determine the species and numbers of wildlife that use the stand as the stand progresses from regeneration through maturity.


The hexagonal shaped slotted Wine glass shaped Co Planar Waveguide (CPW) fed antenna for wireless applications is proposed in this paper. The Woodpile based Electronic Bandgap (EBG) structure is used as linked ground surface for bandwidth and gain enhancement. The performance characteristics of different sized strip widths of woodpile structures with wine glass shaped antenna are carried out. The antenna resonates in the band of 2 GHz, 5 GHz and 7 GHz. The band width enhancement of 43 % and gain of 9 dB at 1.9910 GHz for 1mm strip width of woodpile is observed. The group delay variation and E –plane co and cross polarization radiation patterns are also obtained for various strip widths of woodpile structure. The group delay is maintained less than 5 ns and there is significant difference between co and cross polarization for E- plane radiation patterns for 1mm strip width of woodpile structure. The antenna is fabricated with hexagonal slot and 1mm strip width woodpile structure and tested for return loss and radiation pattern.


A method has been developed for determining a low-order model for a large multivariable system from its measured input-output data. It is based on the use of a matrix pseudo-inverse to estimate the parameters of the model which minimize the sum of the squares of the errors between the responses of the original system and the low-order model at the sampling instants. A recursive algorithm is proposed which makes it useful for on-line applications. The method is used to obtain low-order models for a nuclear reactor turbine system. The outputs of the low-order models and those of the large-scale model (consisting of 11 non-linear differential equations and 36 algebraic equations) are compared for the turbine system.


In the 1520s, the Aristotelian Agostino Nifo (1473-1537) used some passages from a manuscript of Machiavelli's De principatibus in Latin translation for the composition of his own political tracts De regnandi peritia and De rege et tyranno without indicating his source. In the history of political thought he is therefore usually treated as a shameless plagiarist. He is also known as the first Anti-Machiavellian author because he insisted on the maintenance of ethical principles in politics. In the history of political thought, Nifo's other works are never mentioned, although his huge corpus of Aristotelian commentaries can claim a definite place in the development of the modem scientific method. Vice versa, in this area of the history of philosophy, Nifo's adaptations of Machiavelli's work have never received any attention. This article tries to connect these unconnected branches of research on Nifo in the histories of political thought and philosophy. It argues that the inductive method, the so-called ,regressus demonstrativus', as outlined by Nifo in his theory of science, is probably congruent with his conception of method in politics. For his conceptualization of politics as science, his theory of rhetoric and its placement in the system of the sciences is important. It can be shown that his reception of Machiavelli, far from being mere plagiarism, is motivated by Nifo's perception of the similarity between Machiavelli's and his own, Aristotelian concept of politics.


Phase III trials have demonstrated the efficacy and safety of ustekinumab in moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis (UC), but no real-life long-term data is currently available.

 From January to September 2019, all consecutive patients with active UC treated with ustekinumab in a GETAID centre were included. Patients were evaluated at week 52. Remission was defined by a partial Mayo Clinic score ≤ 2. The aim of the present study was to assess long-term effectiveness and safety of ustekinumab in UC.

 103 UC patients (62 men; mean age: 41.2 ± 16.2 years; 52% pancolitis E3) were included in 21 centres. History of immunomodulator, anti-TNF and vedolizumab therapies was noted in 84.5%, 99.0% and 85.4% of the cases, respectively. At week 54, 44 (43%) patients discontinued ustekinumab, for lack of efficacy (n=41), pregnancy (n=1), persistence of eczematiform lesions (n=1) or personal decision (n=1). Cumulative probabilities of ustekinumab persistence were 96.1%, 81.6%, 71.7%, and 58.4% after 3, 6, 9, and 12 months, respectively. In multivariate analysis, a CRP>5 mg/L at week 0 (OR=2.91, CI95%[1.15–7.36]; p=0.02) and concomitant steroids at week 0 (OR=3.05, CI95%[1.30–7.14]; p=0.01) were significantly associated with ustekinumab discontinuation within one year. The overall rate of steroid-free clinical remission at week 52 was 32% of whom 71% had null rectal bleeding and stool frequency subscores. Ten patients (9.7%) underwent colectomy within a median of 6.7 [4.3–10.6] months. Adverse events were observed in 15 (16.9%) patients, of whom 4 (4.5%) had severe adverse events including three patients with exacerbation of UC leading to hospitalization, and a 62 years-old men who died from a myocardial infarction four months after ustekinumab initiation.

 In this real-world cohort study that included patients with refractory ulcerative colitis to multiple therapies, more than one-half of patients were still treated by ustekinumab and one-third were in steroid-free clinical remission, after 52 weeks.


This paper discusses the influences of power distance and workload on leader empowering behavior.Furthermore,it tests the moderating effect of supervisor-subordinate guanxi.In total 203 supervisors and 411their employees from 9enterprises located in Hubei,Beijing,Guangzhou and Shenzhen were sampled.To avoid the common method variance problem,we conduct a survey with a dyadic design of leader-and-subordinate.Structural equation modeling is used to examine the differential valid of the four construct such as leader empowering behavior,power distance,workload and supervisorsubordinate guanxi.Hierarchical Regression Modeling(HRM)was employed to analyze the data.Results show that in the Chinese organizational context.Power distance has significantly negative effect on leader empowering behavior,and workload has significant positive effect.Power distance negatively moderates the relationship between power distance and leader empowering behavior.Supervisor-subordinate guanxi negatively moderates the relationship between power distance and leader empowering behavior. Supervisor-subordinate guanxi positively moderates the relationship between workload and leader empowering behavior.


Abstract Phaeodactylum tricornutum ICE-H is a single-cell eukaryotic alga that can grow in the extreme Antarctic environment. The complete chloroplast genome of Phaeodactylum tricornutum ICE-H was assembled with the Illumina sequencing. The chloroplast genome was 117,363 bp in size, containing a large single-copy region (LSC, 63,668 bp), a small single-copy region (SSC, 39,871 bp), and a pair of inverted repeat regions (IRs, 13,824 bp each). The overall GC content was 32.15%. A total of 168 genes were predicted including 132 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNAs, and 6 rRNAs. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that Phaeodactylum tricornutum ICE-H was closely related to Didymosphenia geminata.


New Zealand Journal of Ecology (1998) 22(1): 43-54 ©New Zealand Ecological Society juvenile with a divaricate form (Philipson, 1964). This has prompted a search for some feature(s) peculiar to the New Zealand situation that may have influenced evolution. Here it is proposed that New Zealand's forests provided light conditions where heteroblastic development is favoured. The current theories for the evolution of heteroblasty and the divaricate habit are outlined in Table 1. Other than some of the climate and microclimate hypotheses, the theories make a priori assumptions of adaptive strategy: the suggested mechanism for evolution relies purely on speculation about the interaction between selection pressure and phenotype. These theories are difficult to test because the conditions proposed to give rise to evolutionary change can not be repeated. An alternative approach combines the concepts of ontogenetic and phylogenetic contingency (Watson, Geber and Jones, 1995). Plant phenotype depends on the interaction between genotype and environment during ontogeny (environment is envisaged in its broadest sense including climatic and edaphic conditions as well as influence from other biota: competition, herbivory, parasitism, etc.). Plant genotype or more precisely constraints on development depends on the interaction between Introduction


A review of a set of approaches for electromagnetic imaging that exploit the 'a-priori' information on the sparseness of the unknown scatterers to define computationally-efficient inversion procedures is presented. The imaging problem is formulated within the Contrast Source formulation and successively recast into the Bayesian Compressive Sampling (BCS) framework by modeling the scatterers geometry with a hierarchical sparseness prior. A set of preliminary results is provided to assess the features and potentialities of the proposed approach.


How does the amount of water and salt that runs off a rehabilitated mining site change over time? What happens when a large rain event occurs? Tony Bernardi provides the latest findings.


The world now is overpowered with data, the computerized upheaval has made digitized data simple to catch, process, store, disperse and transmit. The measure of data appears to continue forever expanding and the advance in computerized data procurement and capacity innovation has brought about the development of immense databases. The knowledge Discovery from tremendous number of databases and gigantic volume of data is a test. Inside these masses of data lies concealed data of key significance.


According to situation and problems that exists in the distance education,a suit of remote control experiment system based on B/S model was constructed using Java technology.Its framework was put forward and the key technology was described.Clients could login the system by IE.They not only can control the remote devices and get real status of the devices,but also can see the entire process via web camera.The system was debugged within the campus networks,and the result shows that it gained the expected ends.And it has good capacities of real time,dynamic interaction and independence of the flat.


Abstract Effects of variable energy intake on chick growth, organ development, and gut-passage time in seabirds were investigated by raising Elegant Tern (Sterna elegans) chicks in the laboratory on three diets involving a major prey species, northern anchovy (Engraulis mordax), and a minor prey species, topsmelt (Atherinops affinis). Anchovies are ∼25% higher in energy content than topsmelt and represent a more abundant but highly fluctuating prey resource. Chicks were raised from age 15 to age 35 days posthatch on one of three diets (n = 8): (1) high-energy anchovy at the average daily intake rate, (2) low-energy topsmelt at the same intake rate, and (3) high-energy topsmelt (i.e. at a biomass equal in energy content to the anchovy diet). Chicks raised on the high-energy anchovy diet had a significantly faster gain of body mass and wing length. All three groups, however, had attained a statistically similar wing length at 35 days posthatch and did not differ in lean dry mass or pectoral muscle mass, indicating that energy was allocated preferentially toward wing development and flight capacity. Most digestive organs were heavier and gut-passage rates faster for chicks fed topsmelt. Bill dimensions and tarsus length showed little difference among chicks on the three diets. Lipid content of chicks that were fed anchovy was twice that of those fed low-energy topsmelt and one-third higher than that of chicks on the high-energy topsmelt diet. Our results indicate that Elegant Terns have evolved certain capacities for growth and digestion in response to variable prey quality that may increase the probability of chick survival. Nevertheless, if Elegant Tern chicks were switched to a lower quality, primarily topsmelt diet, they would be underweight at fledging with heavier digestive organs, lower lipid reserves, and faster gut-passage times, which would place added provisioning demands on the parents. Under that scenario, the prospects for survival and long-term reproductive success might diminish for such an Elegant Tern colony.


The article is devoted to clarifying the fluid composition of oil and gas condensate fields in the gas-saturated part of which there is matrix oil in the initial state. The research resulted in the creation of a thermodynamic model.


Driving behavior plays a key role in road safety and efficiency of traffic system operation.Related studies indicate that driving behavior can be divided into four processes,which are cognitive process,decision-making process,execution process and learning process.The study of the execution process is an important part of driving behavior research.Through the analysis of the main progress and current issues of the researches,the paper discussed the research basis and research methods.Combined with the development of advanced sensors such as the motion capture device,new quantitative methods and means were proposed to study the execution process.Some data analysis methods,including the driving motion parameters and motion coordination,were presented in the paper.Finally,the significance of driving execution process research was summarized,and the research direction in eco-driving was discussed.


Objective To observe the effect of ephedrine pretreatment after the induction of anaesthesia in analgesia gastroscopy of elder patients.Methods One hundred and fifty elder patients(age≥60years) with ASA Ⅰor Ⅱ grade,scheduled for analgesia gastroscopy with sedation were randomly devided into 3 groups.The patients in the three groups were injected with lidocaine 0.08 mg/kg before the induction of anaesthesia,and 1 minute later,injected with propofol 2 mg/kg plus ephedrine 80 μg/kg.The patients were injected with fentanyl 1 μg/kg in group A;the patients in group C were injected with ephedrine 70 μg/kg 2 minutes after the induction.When the patients were asleep and eyelash glint disappeared,gastroscopy was done.Systolic blood pressure(SBP),diastolic blood pressure(DBP),heart rate(HR)and SpO2 were observed at the time points of before the induction of anaesthesia(T1),2 minutes after induction(T2),5 minutes after induction(T3),10 minutes after induction(T4).The anaesthesia effect,waking quality,waking time,the number of cough,vomitting,respiratory depression bradycardia nad hypotension were recorded.Results There was no significant difference among three groups in anaesthesia effect(P0.05).SBP,DBP,HR at T2 and T3 were lower than those at T1 in group A ang group B(P0.05).SBP,DBP and HR at each time point were no significant different in group C(P0.05).The incidences of hypotension,eradycardia and respiratiory depression were 2%,2%,0,they were significantly lower than those of group A(26%,8%,8%)and group B(20%,6%,2%).Compared with group A and group B,the less recovery time was 1.6 minutes shorter,and the waking quality was better.Conclusion Ephedrine pretreatment after the induction can maintain blood circulation stable and no apnea in anaesthesia,reduce the adverse events and shorten the recovery time,improve the waking quality,so it can enhance anaesthesia quality and safety.


There're still intervention from Chinese government in the factor market's tarting from this phenomenon,this paper found that the state economy face lower prices and higher capital labor costs,and the non-state-owned economy face higher prices and lower capital labor costs.Also,there are heterogeneity differences in the factor intensity categories of these enterprises.In the framework of neoclassical distribution,factor intensity differences will lead to expansion of larger factor substitution elasticity,and the substitution of capital for labor would be easier,which reduces the labor income share in China.Study from the 1993-2008 provincial panel data,these conclusions can be certain confirmed.Therefore,Chinese government should do market-oriented institutional reforms in the household registration system and interest rates,etc.which would improve incomes and reduce the economic growth depends on investment and exports.


The study investigates the effects of the pandemic brought about by Covid-19 on Ilocos businesses and establishments on its business operations and supply chain. The study participants were the 352 owners of the micro, small, medium, and large businesses in Ilocos Norte, and they were selected using a convenience sampling technique. The study employed a quantitative research design, and the entrepreneurs were asked about the perceived impact of Covid-19 on the supply chain. Using descriptive statistics, the findings divulged that the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the businesses ranged from retrenchment of employees, disruption in the supply chain, and temporary to permanent shutdown. The impact of the pandemic includes uncertainties, the decline in productivity, demand, and sales. This study implies that COVID-19 significantly affects operations, primarily supply chain management. Numerous organizations are pursuing local sourcing as a result of supply chain disruptions.


A process wherein: a) for the decontamination of the article, the latter is removed at least a portion of the toxicant by heating the article, b) recovering the portion removed from the toxicant etc.) routing the article decontaminated and toxic product collected separately to the steps of the additional scrap.


This paper presents a general framework for a modeling platform and a visualization tool for bicycle volume data of different quality and quantity. The modeling platform is aimed to estimate the an...


This study aims to develop large-scale commercial Cross-Linked Polyethylene (XLPE) nanocomposites used for industrial applications with power cables insulations. To achieve this goal, XLPE/zinc oxide nanocomposites were prepared with four unique loadings of Zinc Oxid (ZnO) nanoparticles: 0.5, 2, 3.5 and 5 wt.%, in the presence of appropriate coupling agent which used to reduce the agglomeration of nanoparticles and to improve the compatibility inside the polymer matrix. Amino silane was the coupling agent used in this study and the nanocomposites preparation was done using the melt blending method. The morphology and the distribution of nanoparticles inside XLPE polymer were studied using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM). The mechanical properties were also evaluated. Using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Thermo Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), the thermal properties for nanocomposites were investigated. The dielectric properties of these prepared XLPE/ZnO nanocomposites were studied by measuring the loss tangent (tan δ) and the dielectric constant (ɛr) under frequencies ranging from 1 Hz to 1 MHz. The AC Breakdown Voltage (AC-BDV) was also measured using a controlled high voltage testing transformer (50 Hz) under the sphere-to-sphere field then; the AC dielectric strength was calculated using the Finite Element Method (FEM) technique.


In this article, I examine the expression yí 'one item', as compared to the expressions liǎ 'two items', and sā 'three items' in Peking Mandarin. I discuss the character transcriptions of these expressions, give an overview of their previous treatments, and compare the current usage of yí with that of liǎ and sā. Based on the differences between these expressions, I conclude that while liǎ and sā are words (viz. independent carriers of the meanings 'two items' and 'three items'), the meaning 'one item' is represented in Peking Mandarin both by the expression yí 'one item' and by the expression yige 'an item'. 0. This article comments on the expression yí 'one item, a specimen of' (e.g. wǒmen nàr yǒu yí hòu huāyuár 'we have a back garden there') as compared to the expressions liǎ 'two items' (e.g. nèi liǎ háizi shi dǎjià 'those two children had a fight'), and sā 'three items' (e.g. wǒ sā duō yuè méi liù niǎor 'I haven't taken my birds out for a stroll for over three months'). All expressions are described as attested in a corpus of spoken Peking Mandarin that I collected in 2000-2001. The corpus consists of informal and unplanned conversations with 42 native speakers of Peking Mandarin of various age groups. I have tried to record informants who were not exposed to university education and whose language, as a consequence, retained those features that distinguish it from the official educational model, Standard Mandarin. The conversations range in length from 30 minutes to one hour, they are transcribed into the Hànyǔ Pīnyīn system of transcription and are saved as computer texts. In its written form, the corpus comprises 17,844 sentences (for further details on the corpus, see Chirkova 2003: 6-11). Despite the high frequency of its use, the expression yí 'one item, a specimen of' has so far been only sketchily described in reference literature (Dù 1993, Wiedenhof 1995, Zhōu 1998). This expression is an equivalent in informal speech of the phrase yíge 'one item' or its weakened form yige 'an item'. In the same way, the expressions liǎ 'two items' and sā 'three items' are generally considered equivalents of liǎngge 'two items' and sānge 'three items' respectively. In this article, I discuss the character transcriptions of these expressions (§1), give Journal of the Chinese Language Teachers Association February 2004, Volume 39:1, pp. 19-34 ©2004 The Chinese Language Teachers Association 1


The modified Keller procedure is an interposition resection arthroplasty of the first metatarsophalangeal joint with an oblique resection of the phalangeal base to preserve the insertion of the flexor hallucis brevis. A moderate cheilectomy helps to open the joint space and increase motion; the joint capsule is then interposed and secured to the plantar plate as a cushion. This article describes modified Keller procedure technique in detail. The procedure offers another choice in treatment of end-stage arthritis of the joint. The surgeon can plan to perform a cheilectomy—as long as the major damage is limited to the dorsal third of the metatarsal head—and worse damage would mandate advancing the procedure to the modified Keller. Postoperative course is similar to cheilectomy. Patient selection has ranged from relatively sedentary patients who could not limit weight bearing (needed with fusions) to Olympic-class athletes.


I n fall 2012, after several years of teaching my graduate media history course as a "high-level" version of my undergraduate class, I decided to make a significant change. I had spent the previous summer at Harvard, conducting research and participating in an NEH seminar on "African American Struggles for Freedom and Civil Rights." Based on ideas I received from other participants during the seminar, I decided to change my course to focus on media and civil rights. The seminar examines ways to educate students through teaching and research that the fight for civil rights is a long struggle, which is contrary to event-driven narratives used in many classrooms. Using Gene Roberts and Hank Klibanoff's The Race Beat and The Unsteady March: The Rise and Decline of Racial Equality in America by Philip A. Klinkner as my main textbooks, I created a class that delved into the role of the media in what historians have determined is one of the most significant periods in American history. Teaching civil rights as a long struggle is vital. Journalists desperately need to understand that the movement did not end after Dr. Martin Luther King's death in 1968. What we refer to today as the Black Lives Matter movement grew out of the black power movement of the late 1960s and early 1970s, which grew out of the civil rights movement of the 1950s and 1960s. In fact, African Americans have been fighting for equal citizenship rights since Reconstruction, and some historians would argue even earlier. The goal of my class is to provide the foundation for aspiring journalists to understand how the long struggle for civil rights is reflected in many of the issues this nation faces today. Most of the students taking the class were part of our professional master's program. They worked in our newsrooms dealing with stories that had a direct connection to a theme that runs throughout the course: citizenship. They write about the fight for civil rights, social justice, or whatever the catchphrase of the day has to do with citizenship rights.


Consider the set of solutions to a system of polynomial equations in many variables. An algebraic manifold is an open submanifold of such a set. We introduce a new method for computing integrals and sampling from distributions on algebraic manifolds. This method is based on intersecting with random linear spaces. It produces i.i.d. samples, works in the presence of multiple connected components, and is simple to implement. We present applications to computational statistical physics and topological data analysis.


The magnitude of bone formation and remodeling is linked to both the magnitude of strain placed on the bone and the perfusion of bone. We have previously reported an increase in bone perfusion and bone density that occurs in the femur of old rats with moderate aerobic exercise training. The purpose of this study was to determine the acute and chronic effects of static muscle stretching on bone blood flow and to determine whether chronic stretching affects bone remodeling. Old male Fischer 344 rats were randomized to either a naïve or stretch‐trained group. Static stretching of ankle flexor muscles was achieved by placement of a dorsflexion splint on the left ankle for 30 min/day, 5d/wk for 4wks. The right hindlimb served as a contralateral control (unstretched) limb. Bone blood flow was assessed during and after an acute bout of stretching in naïve rats, and at rest and during exercise in stretch‐trained rats. Following 4 weeks of daily muscle stretching, micro‐CT analysis was used to determine the volume and density of bone and the bone vasculature in the tibia. In naïve rats, placement of the splint increased blood flow to the proximal tibial metaphasis. After 4 weeks of daily stretching, blood flow to the proximal tibial metaphysis was higher in the chronically stretched limb during exercise. Chronic stretching also increased tibial bone weight, and increased total bone volume in both the proximal and distal tibial metaphyses. In trabecular bone immediately below the proximal tibial growth plate, the total volume of bone was increased, but the bone density was not changed. Total intravascular volume also increased in the region of the bone below the growth plate. These data suggest that static muscle stretching increases loading of bone and bone blood flow, leading to bone remodeling and growth which is matched by an increase in bone intravascular volume.


A simple method to obtain polar information from a microwave interferometer is described. The two paths in the microwave interferometer are made unequal in length so that the output is frequency dependent. Square-wave modulation of the repeller voltage of the klystron is used to obtain two signals with slightly different frequencies. An appropriate choice of the frequency difference can yield a ½π phase difference, so that a polar interferometer results.


Despite the Government providing additional funding for mental health services and research, it is grossly less than other physical health services. Treatment and positive development of mental health issues remain the biggest challenge for The Scottish Government. A connection has been made between physical and mental health and thus accessible rehabilitation programmes may benefit patients mentally and physically. In the last two decades, a number of studies, clinical and non‐clinical have highlighted the positive affiliation between physical activity/exercise and reducing symptoms of depression. Depression is a major health inequality worldwide affecting 121 million people from all backgrounds. It has many affecting factors such as biological, psychological and social


Th e production of meat cattle is one of the most important branches of the livestock production. From the technological point of view, it mainly includes a full feeding of meat animals, breeding of the beef breeds of cattle (in particular the maternity population of cows without commercial production of milk) and other categories of cattle which are cast from the original, mainly dairy-oriented populations. In this respect, it includes mainly the spayed cows of the original dairy livestock, which unfortunately form a relatively high percentage of beef production and which signifi cantly worsen the economic situation for the breeders of classical meat breeds. Th e main consequence of the low purchase price of these spayed cows and their relatively high number is the enormous pressure on the low level of the purchase farmer price, which in many case moves at the level of the cost price. Meat breeds of cattle or cows without commercial production of milk (KBTPM), respectively, represent the only category of cattle not suff ering a decline in the monitored period; on the contrary, in the last decade their numbers have gradually risen. Nevertheless, generally, the long term reduction of the cattle numbers, the economic reasons, the price policy and other infl uences cause a chain of negative eff ects which subsequently show on other levels of the analyzed commodity vertical. In this respect, it includes, for example, an increase in export of the excess cattle, which, however, is simultaneously accompanied by the ever faster growing import of beef (but with a higher added value, because it mostly involves the already processed products), by a decrease in the consumption of feeding grain (grain fodders in general), the reduction of the consumption of large-volume fodders against an increase in the area of the permanent grass vegetation (TTP), by the decreased utilization of the slaughtering capacity of meat-processing companies and the related food industries or, for example, by an increasing negative balance of foreign trade. An unpleasant factor is the continuous drop in the consumption of beef. Causes for this trend can be found in various areas. For one, there has been a relatively signifi cant change in the structure of eating habits during the last 20 years. However, it is possible to point out the price development as the main cause of the decreasing consumption. During the observed period, beef has become the most expensive meat commodity, which is shown in the decrease of the fi nal consumer demand and its partial transfer to cheaper kinds of meat. At the same time, meat producers have reacted to the previously mentioned situation by a more frequent replacing of beef in the meat products by a cheaper equivalent. Th is has naturally led to a decrease in the amount of beef in the semi products and other products and thence its fi nal consumption has also decreased, see, e.g., Malý and Kroupova (2006).


The National Library of Medicine (NLM), which is one of three National Libraries in the United States, is the world's largest research library in a single scientific field. Loan requests to NLM from other libraries must follow the instructions of NLM's Interlibrary Loan Policy and the provisions of the National Interlibrary Loan Code of the American Library Association (ALA). In late 1984, NLM developed DOCLINE, an automated interlibrary loan request and referral system. The system was assembled to offer improved service to the user by rapid routing of interlibrary loan requests throughout the Regional Medical Library Network (RMLN). DOCLINE is linked to MEDLINE (and its backfiles), CATLINE, SERLINE, SERHOLD and AVLINE. Each RMLN has gradually been connected to DOCLINE. In the spring of 1987, the connection was completed and all seven RMLN switched to DOCLINE.


As of today, the biggest part of our metro environment is covered with numerous numbers of commercial signs. It's up to this situation that the diversity of its color and size cause them to blend out each other and hard to be looked at In attempt to improve this situation, the city of seoul bas launched "guide book for commercial signs and designs". The guide book has informations and restrictons on the size, font, colors and lightings in regarding how we should make the signs. However, it's being criticized for the fact that it's going to make every signs look the same without having any identities neither the characteristics of each business. In contrast, there are some cases with the signs that satisfice both being look good and go with environment They use building's exterior wall as it's background for their signs and signs like this contributes in making our street look more clean and organized. Through this research, we are going to find and analyze the examples of commercial signs that uses the wall as its background which would to contribute in designing better commercial signs. We are going to look into Karosu Street in sinsa-dong Seoul, where they have done this 'street culture' volunteerly and that's as far as we go for this research. The research would be started out by studying the definitions and the variety of commercial signs first and then, move on to the city's guide book. from then, The framework for this study would be drawn. and then the research should go on from there. and finally, Once this research is done, research itself should be the part of other research data in advancing commercial signs that are enviromental friendly and pleasing to public's eye that are suitable for each own business.


Akiyoshi-do Cave is the largest show cave in Japan and has been recognised as a hotspot of cave animals due to their diversity in species. Human-induced alterations in the cave environment have been a significant concern catching the attention of tourists and managers. Previous studies indicated water quality alteration induced by tourism could affect the population densities of amphipods. However, no study went further than qualitative observation in terms of human impacts. This study targets two amphipods living in Akiyoshi-do Cave, Pseudocrangonyx akatsukai and Gammarus nipponensis and measures water characteristics in which they live. Results show that the population densities of the amphipods have decreased compared to the 1970s. Their living habitat has changed, probably induced by tourism.


A research trial was conducted during Rabi season, 2022 at crop research farm, Department of Agronomy at Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj Uttar Pradesh India. The soil in experimental field was sandy loam in texture, having alkaline reaction (pH 7.7) with very low organic carbon (0.44%), available higher-level N (171.48 kg/ha), P (27.0 kg/ha) and higher level of K (291.2 kg/ha). To evaluate the response of nitrogen and different plant growth regulators on growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum) the experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with ten treatments each replicated thrice. The treatment consists three levels of nitrogen (120 kg/ha, 140 kg/ha and 160 kg/ha), in combination with two sprays of Plant growth regulators viz. [Chlormequat chloride (0.2%), Tebuconazole (0.1%) and chlormequat chloride (0.2%) + tebuconazole (0.1%)] applied at 40 DAS followed at 55 DAS whose effect was observed on wheat. The results revealed that, higher plant height (98.70 cm), was recorded with treatment nitrogen 160 kg/ha along with Tebuconazole (0.1%). However, maximum number of tillers/running row meter (78.33), maximum dry weight (23.01 g), higher crop growth rate (0.0059 g/m2/day), more number of effective tillers/m2 (271), highest spike length (15.10 cm), maximum number of grains/spike (60.05), higher test weight (39.75 g), maximum grain yield (4.66 t/ha),) and straw yield (6.98 t/ha) were recorded with treatment nitrogen -160 kg/ha along with CCC (0.2%) and Tebuconazole (0.1 %) in wheat. Application of both nitrogen and plant growth regulators improved the growth and yield of wheat significantly.


SUMMARY

An objective procedure is described for quantifying the shape of two-dimensional closed curves from projections or sections of particles, e.g., sand grains. The curves are plotted in polar coordinates r and θ, and a harmonic analysis is made of the function r(θ) by numerical analysis of measurements at equally spaced sample points along the curves. Quantities corresponding to the conventional properties of sphericity and roundness are derived from the Fourier coefficients. Three different measures of roundness are proposed and shown to correlate with visually estimated roundness classes, though also depending to some extent on sphericity. An attempt is described to study the interaction between these two properties by analysis of synthetically rounded plastic particles.


Background  Residents of nursing homes and long‐term care facilities are at a higher risk of outbreaks of influenza and of serious complications of influenza than those in the community. In late July 2005, a 90‐bed chronic care psycho‐geriatric hospital in Sydney, Australia, reported cases of influenza‐like illness (ILI) occurring amongst its residents.


Building a platform for knowledge creation and engagement is a big task for librarians especially when incorporating social or new media. But, with the advent of new tools and open source technology, the librarians at Nanyang Technological University are able to sow the seeds in the library's technology infrastructure. The initiative leads in the construction of a campus wide platform, adopting WordPress architecture to strategically align with its online information service. Subject guides are now able to reinvent the traditional reference services into a new way of seamless outreach and digital engagement. Seeds of engagement are sowed as the project team provides a platform of flexibility and interoperability for content creation.


Public procurement is investigated in terms of results and maximum efficiency of allocation of financial resources of the national public budget. In the context of economic development, optimization of the management of public financial resources is based on improving the legislation on public procurement and the financing mechanism. Based on this, public procurement is a complex, multi-level, interdependent system, the functioning at the all public levels. The aim of the research is to conduct a comprehensive study of the main problems and features of public procurement financing in order to optimize public finance management at the national level and to develop recommendations for improving the public procurement system in the Republic of Moldova. The methodology is based on the structural research method. The article is based on a study of the public procurement system in the Republic of Moldova, analyzing its constituent elements. The analytical method was used to study the concept of public procurement. The study established the relationship between the ethical behavior of officials, the effectiveness of control and the implementation of information systems to optimize the system of financing public procurement in the Republic of Moldova. Proposals are presented to improve the efficiency of the public financing mechanism in the context of electronic public procurement procedures within the automated information system "State Register of Public Procurements" MTender.


The innervation of the salivary glands was first studied electron-microscopically by Scott & Pease (1959) who stated that nerve terminals were absent between the parenchymal elements of the rat submandibular gland. Since then, however, the role of the autonomic nerves in the development and maintenance of the salivary glands has been studied experimentally (Schneyer & Hall, 1967), and parasympathetic denervation has been shown to result in atrophic changes in the submandibular gland (Snell, 1960; Peronace, Davison, Houssay & Perec, 1964). The exact mode of innervation of this gland, therefore, seemed to be worth studying. The postnatal development of the rodent submandibular gland has been studied by several authors (Jacoby & Leeson, 1959; Devi & Jacoby, 1966; Yohro, 1970) and it has been shown that some of the primary secretory cells become converted into non-secretory duct cells. It would therefore be reasonable to expect a developmental change in the mode of innervation. In the present study the fine structure of nerve terminals and cellular junctions was studied in young and adult mouse submandibular glands. The junctional complexes described by Farquhar & Palade (1963) were present, but in this paper attention was paid only to the gap junctions which occur separately from the junctional complexes. These gap junctions have been frequently described in smooth and in heart muscle (Uehara & Burnstock, 1969; Fawcett & McNutt, 1969), but seldom between glandular cells. The results are mainly discussed with regard to the relation between the innervation and the development of the submandibular gland.


We propose a new binary formulation of the Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP), with which we overcame the best formulation of the Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) in terms of the minimum number of necessary variables. Furthermore, we present a detailed study of the constraints used and compare our model (GPS) with other frequent formulations (MTZ and native formulation). Finally, we have carried out a coherence and efficiency check of the proposed formulation by running it on a quantum annealing computer, D-Wave\_2000Q6.


Abstract Ultrafiltration membranes are largely being applied for heavy metal ion separations from aqueous streams. Cellulose acetate (CA) and aminated polysulfone (APSf) based membranes are prepared in the absence and presence of the polymeric additive, polyethylene glycol, PEG 600, in various compositions. The effects of polymer blend composition and additive concentration on compaction, pure water flux, membrane hydraulic resistance, water uptake, and contact angle has been investigated to evaluate the performance of the membranes and the results are discussed. Surface and cross-sectional morphologies of membranes were also analyzed using scanning electron microscopy. Toxic heavy metal ions such as Cu2+, Ni2+, Cd2+, and Zn2+ were separated by the blend membranes using polyethyleneimine (PEI) as polymeric ligand. The rejection and permeate flux efficiencies of the blend membranes are compared with pure cellulose acetate membranes.


Water movement and storage in soils are crucial for successful intensification of agriculture and maintaining productivity in the face of changing climate. Previous studies have shown biochar to be a natural porous material with potential to be used in maintaining soil moisture. Its application, especially in sandy soils can improve total soil porosity, pore size distribution and soil aggregation thereby increasing total water retained as well as maintain this water in the soil for a long time. However, there is little known about the optimum rate of biochar application in sandy soils for moisture improvement. The cost of biochar production varies from US$300 to $7000 per tonne and most studies to date used relatively high application rates of biochar. At such high application rates, the cost may not lead to a return on investment. This study aims to assess the optimum rate of biochar application as well as to evaluate the potential of biochar particle size in affecting this rate. An extensive meta-analysis was performed on published literature data to quantify the relationship between biochar characteristics and soil moisture properties. The literature data spans across a wide range of feedstock, pyrolysis condition, soil texture and experimental conditions. Out of a total of 150 published studies, 42 articles providing sufficient amount of reliable data on biochar-soil moisture effects were selected. These studies covered; 51 feedstock, 16 pyrolysis temperatures, 20 particle size ranges, 12 soil textural classes and 45 rates of biochar application. The meta-analysis results confirmed that biochar particle size, surface area, feedstock, porosity and carbon content are important factors to consider when using biochar as a material for improving soil moisture content and identified relative importance of different parameters.


ABSTRACT Australian Indigenous languages are widely cited as depending overwhelmingly on abstract cardinal terms for spatial reference. However, considerable under-recognized diversity exists, with systems invoking aspects of local topography or egocentric projections. The first step toward an empirically grounded understanding of the wider implications of Australian spatial reference systems is to establish what components of spatial systems actually occur in what combinations across the continent. This article examines the spatial systems of five Australian languages to test hypotheses about the role of the environment in shaping linguistic representations of space, revealing under-recognized aspects of Australian systems, including the use of egocentric ("relative") reference frame but only on the sagittal axis; a nearside-farside system; and multiple systems invoking diverse salient environmental features.


............................................................................................................... xii CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION: SETTING THE SCENE .......................................... 1 The Transformation of Old Industrial Sites into Prestigious Working, Living and Leisure Spaces ......................................................................................................... 7 A Spatial Approach to the Transformation of Former Industrial Waterfronts ........ 10 The Structure of the Thesis .................................................................................... 15 CHAPTER 2: THE RESEARCH APPROACH .......................................................... 18 The Case Studies ................................................................................................... 21 Data Collection ....................................................................................................... 23 Archival Research and Document Analysis ........................................................... 24 Interviews................................................................................................................ 35 Data Analysis .......................................................................................................... 39 Limitations............................................................................................................... 41 Conclusion .............................................................................................................. 42 CHAPTER 3: TRANSFORMATIVE URBAN AND ECONOMIC RESTRUCTURING .................................................................................................................................... 44 Neoliberal Economic Restructuring: 'Place from Production to Consumption' ..... 45 The Change of the Industrial Landscape ............................................................... 52 Making Cities Attractive: Urban Transformation under Capitalist Influence .......... 54 The Restructuring of the City of Sydney and the Role of Government ................. 59 Sydney: The Post-industrial Waterfront City .......................................................... 69 Conclusion .............................................................................................................. 74 CHAPTER 4: HERITAGE .......................................................................................... 76 Conceptualising Heritage ....................................................................................... 77 Heritage, Transformation and Community ............................................................. 87 Contingency or Misfortune: Industrial Heritage ..................................................... 90 Love or Hate – Preserve or Demolish: What to Do with Industrial Heritage? ....... 94 The Heritage Movement in Australia, Looking at Sydney ..................................... 95 Green Bans versus Developer Appetite ................................................................ 99


The present invention provides a tubular body (10), comprising an inner hollow tubular core (12) and the housing (14), the outer cover material strip having one or more mechanically cooperating spiral wound, the yield of the material strength than said inner core material. The present invention also provides a method for a pipe (10) is formed, comprising the step of the housing (14) wound around the inner core (12), when the tube is also provided a body (10) is provided on its outer surface when the detent (30a) extending in a spiral, for the tubular body (10) of the end connector (32).


Abstract The focus of this review of literature was Best Practices for teaching reading fluency in the elementary classroom. Research shows that students' reading fluency rates need improvement. Teachers must create a classroom environment that fosters reading fluency and use research based teaching practices to improve students' reading fluency. Journal articles were selected that addressed best practices in teaching reading fluency in the elementary classroom. Reading fluency influences the academic success students attain at school and therefore it is a skill which must be taught. Because best practices have a positive impact on students' reading fluency rates, it is recommended that principals and parents encourage reform in the way of reading fluency is taught. Abstract The focus of this review of literature was Best Practices for teaching reading fluency in the elementary classroom. Research shows that students' reading fluency rates need improvement. Teachers must create a classroom environment that fosters reading fluency and use research based teaching practices to improve students' reading fluency. Journal articles were selected that addressed best practices in teaching reading fluency in the elementary classroom. Reading fluency influences the academic success students attain at school and therefore it is a skill which must be taught. Because best practices have a positive impact on students' reading fluency rates, it is recommended that principals and parents encourage reform in the way of reading fluency is taught.


The strong attraction between hydrogen atoms of opposite electron spin would seem to make it impossible to have stable monatomic hydrogen gas, except in interstellar space. But the force between hydrogen atoms of parallel spin is predominantly repulsive. Isaac Silvera and Jook Walraven of the University of Amsterdam have taken advantage of the absence of bound states for spin‐polarized hydrogen to produce a monatomic hydrogen gas that showed no sign of reverting to ordinary H2 after almost an hour in a high magnetic field at low temperature, despite its very considerable density—more than 1016 atoms/cm3.


This paper reports on various testing activities at ESO which include: the measured performance of a new Bulk 70 μm thick prototype e2v CCD with high red response, results of point spread function (PSF) measurements, and photon transfer curve non-linearity measurements. Various technology CCDs from standard silicon, deep depletion, and bulk silicon have been tested. e2v technologies has prototyped a 2kx4k 15μm CCD in bulk silicon which is a plug-in replacement for the very successful range of CCD44-82 CCDs. The CCD44-82 is used extensively on ESO telescopes and at other observatories. Measurements of parameters such as read noise, linearity, dark current, quantum efficiency, photon response non-uniformity and fringing, charge transfer efficiency and PSF show that this device is a true competitor to the existing range of silicon technology devices especially where good response in the "red" and low fringing are important. Results of measurements of PSF of several CCDs of differing thicknesses are presented along with techniques to improve the PSF. Non-linearity of the photon transfer curve observed on recent CCDs was reported at the 2006 Orlando SPIE conference. Results of more accurate follow up measurements are presented in this paper that show some very interesting features.


This article describes the history of stress management training within Essex County Council with reference to the contribution of educational psychologists (EPs). The design and delivery of stress management seminars is outlined.


Electronic and vibronic energy levels of the (dt 2g )2 configuration of OsF6 are studied using electronic Raman scattering and absorption spectroscopy. The ground state has been identified as Eg (crystal field split by ∼28 cm−1) and the first excited state is T1g with crystal energy levels at 14, 28, and 40 cm−1. The three other regions of the spectrum that have been observed are at 4000 cm−1, 8000 cm-1, and 17 000 cm−1 covering the remaining (dt 2g) 2 configuration leveIs. The 4000 cm−1 band consists of A1g and T1g electron states which do not interact strongly through vibronic coupling. The T1g electronic state evidences a strong (D∼2·2) linear Jahn-Teller effect for ν5 and an observable Jahn-Teller effect for ν2. The band at 8000 cm−1 consists of Eg and T2g electronic states; it is so complex and strongly coupled that little information can be extracted from the absorption data concerning the Jahn-Teller interaction in this 5-fold degenerate manifold. The feature at 17 000 cm−1 is an A1g electronic sta...


"Geotourism" is a particular type of "sustainable tourism" that is still in an embryonic stage, especially in Italy. The main goal is the transmission of geological knowledge to increase the awareness about geoheritage, geo-resources and geo-hazards. The geoparks represent ideal sites, with a strong educational significance for students, teachers, geo-tourists, and guides interested in geological and environmental sciences, though at different levels. With this in mind, we propose a geoitinerary through some of the most geologically interesting coastal areas in the Cilento, Vallo di Diano, and Alburni Geopark. The aim of the geoitinerary is to provide a good example of how geosites could be promoted through geotourism and used as means of divulgation of geological and environmental knowledge. The selected sites are the San Marco coast, the Licosa Cape and the Elea-Velia archaeological area. They are included in the official list of geosites and geomorphosites of the Geopark and have a relevant stratigraphic and geoarcheological value. The San Marco coast and the Licosa Cape are the "best sites" in the Geopark where Quaternary coastal deposits and morphologies are represented. The Elea-Velia site is one of the most famous archeological sites in the Geopark, which is also representative of complex human-environment interactions. Despite their high scientific significance, the sites that we have selected are not included in a specific promoting program. We have so tried to fill this gap by providing the scientific background for their geotouristic promotion that could also serve as an instrument for the increase of the local economy.


The H{sub {beta}} line shifts were measured in dense {ital ssT}-shaped-tube plasmas for electron densities from 2.1{times}10{sup 17} to 7.8{times}10{sup 17} cm{sup {minus}3} and temperatures between 19 000 and 35 000 K. Comparisons of these shifts with recent theories (H. R. Griem, Phys. Rev. A 28, 1596 (1983); 38, 2943 (1988)) that take the dynamical quadratic Stark effect for {Delta}{ital n}=0 and {ital n}{prime}={ital n}+1 interactions and ion quadrupole effects into account are presented. Also, comparisons with some experimental results (H. L. Wiese, D. E. Kelleher, and D. R. Paquette, Phys. Rev. A 6, 1132 (1972)) were made. Our results are in agreement with an extrapolated experimental best fit to the experimental results of Wiese {ital et} {ital al}., but the measured shifts are larger than the theories predict.


The corrosion resistance of the RE-doped electrodeposition nickel coatings fabricated with direct current electrodeposition(DC) and pulse current electrodeposition(PC) were studied by means of SEM,electrochemical analysis and corrosion mass loss test.The results show that the corrosion resistance of the PC coatings was higher than that of the DC coatings.It is attributed to that the surface of the PC coatings was finer,crystal finer compared with the coarse surface of DC coatings.


Word-building has been the focal point in studying lexicology.Disyllabic figurative words of Contemporary Chinese Dictionary(the fifth edition)have four word-building rules: Disyllabic words with the structure "n.+n.";disyllabic words with the structure "v.+n.";disyllabic words with the structure "n.+v." disyllabic adjective words with the structure "n.+adj."


The Polynomial method described in [1] has been implemented for the non-singular rational square matrix A for the computation of eAt using the P-adic arithmetic software package---Exact Scientific Computational Library (ESCL) which we have developed. During the calculation process, truncation error is completely avoided. Efficiency comparisons have been investigated with direct summation, P-adic integer and P-adic long-integer data type representations [2].


In this paper a linear regression analysis is used to analyze the behavior of the inner cell of an elliptical cavity. The aim is to understand how the RF parameters are correlated to each other and how they are affected by the change of the geometric parameters. This is done by fitting the RF data to a linear model. The data is obtained by simulating a set of different inner cells automatically by the use of a script. The results are useful in several ways: first of all the analysis sheds light on the behavior of elliptical cavities, in particular on its limitations. The analysis is carried out in the framework of optimal design so it is useful for the cavity designer since it allows to choose the geometry at an early stage of the design. It is also possible to make predictions on the performance of the cavity which are in very good agreement with the simulations. Such predictions facilitate the design of the accelerator when choosing the type and number of cavities and when writing the specifications for the cavities to be used in the accelerator.


Starting a newspaper in the nineteenth century was a risky business, and this was especially true in the Civil War South where invading armies, spiraling inflation, and conscription laws were constant threats to physical facilities, financial success, and manpower. Despite this, North Carolina Governor Zebulon B. Vance and the state's Conservative political party found the money and the will to establish a new daily to support the his re-election bid in 1864. Campaign papers were common in the 1800s, but while most shut down following an election, the Conservative continued to publish after Vance won. Records and archives document how it was financed, equipped, and staffed, providing an unprecedented glimpse into what it took to start a newspaper not only in the nineteenth century but during America's bloodiest war. It would not appear to have been a particularly auspicious time or place in North Carolina in April 1864 to start up any new business, especially one as risky as a newspaper. For one thing, inflation was soaring; as the year opened, it took twenty Confederate dollars to purchase $1 in gold.1 Then, there was the problem of equipping a printing plant in a country whose ports were blockaded by the enemy and whose manufacturing infrastructure did not extend to printing presses or type. Furthermore, reliable, sober printers were mostly either dead or in the army, and hopes for a Confederate military victory had been dimmed, perhaps even extinguished, by the previous summer's defeats at Vicksburg and Gettysburg and the fall's loss of Chattanooga (again). In North Carolina, political unrest was escalating. The state's peace movement, fueled by public discontent with the Confederate government, had gained considerable influence in the summer of 1863, and that shift in power led to angry confrontations between pro-peace and pro-war factions. Two newspapers, the Raleigh Standard and the Raleigh State Journal, had been victims of that discontent. Both newspapers were mobbed, the Standard by a unit of soldiers who were incensed by its calls for peace, and the State Journal by a mob of Standard supporters who sought revenge on a pro-war paper. Even before the war, the financial risks of owning a newspaper had made publishing a venture for the stout of heart or the eternal optimist. With the added pressures of the wartime economy, establishing a brand-new newspaper - one whose audience, advertising base, staff, and facilities had to be created from the ground up - would have struck many as the action of a desperate fool.2 Incumbent North Carolina Governor Zebulon B. Vance was no fool, but he was desperate. His friends must have been desperate, too, for they joined him in the venture. One of those friends, George Little, would have the official role of treasurer for the establishment of the governor's newspaper, but he would serve an important unofficial role as well: archivist. His penchant for record keeping makes it possible to construct the process of creating, staffing, and equipping a newspaper from the ground up in the midst of America's bloodiest war, for he kept thorough, if not entirely complete, files of financial records and correspondence related to the creation of the Conservative. Those records, and others used in this research, are housed at the North Carolina Office of Archives and History. The politics that created Vance's profound need for a newspaper and the business of estab- lishing it are the subject of this article. More precisely, this research briefly examines the political reasons for the formation of the Con- servative and then lays out what Little's archive reveals about the business aspects of setting up a newspaper during the Civil War. This look at the intersection of political aspirations with business affairs provides a glimpse into the nature of the financial connec- tions between politics and newspapers in antebellum and Civil War America. Readers also will learn how much money, how much equipment, and how much staff it took to start a paper during the Civil War. …


A 55-years-old right-handed man presented with a six years' history of solitary longitudinal leukonychia and nail plate grooving, with distal onycholysis and triangular-shaped plate erosion of left thumbnail, the patient had neither present nor past history of skin disease. Dermoscopy showed longitudinal leuco-xanthonychia with few splinter hemorrhages and triangular-shaped nail plate distal erosion with localized hyperkeratosis and thinning of the nail plate on corresponding free-edge.


Leachate is liquid that permeated through rubbish heap that contained of organic/inorganic substances and heavy metals which influence human health if it accumulated in human body. Some types and number of heavy metal ions contained in leachate determine rate of pollution in the leachate's original place. To eliminate content of heavy metal ions of leachate, this research used Electrolysis Remediation method using 2-D hexagonal electrode. It was expected that, after the electrolysis remediation process, content of heavy metal ions of leachate could be reduced, so that it existed under threshold. Leachate analysis used electrolysis remediation observing pH, resistivity and concentration of heavy metals, such as Hg, Cu, Cr, and Cd of leachate before, during and after processing the electrolysis. Results of research indicated that contents of leachate in Hg metal ions were 2.149 ppm; Cu, 0.074 ppm; Cr, 0.272 ppm; Pb, 0.161 ppm; and Zn = 0.340 ppm. For Cd was not detected in the leachate but existed in cathode deposit as much as 1.907 ppm However, concentration of the metal ions was different to each time because rubbish in TPA was also different. Process efficiencies for Hg were 93 %; Cu, 0%; Cr, -1266 %; Pb, -19 % and Zn, 48 %. Efficiency process of electrolysis remediation was highly influence by distance of cathode and duration of remediation process. Closer distance from cathode, time taken for remediation process was longer; also, farer distance from cathode, the efficient remediation process would take longer time.


A suitable representation of a function allows us the computation of its (approximate) values in a more convenient way. An elementary function is usually represented in an equivalent form which reduces the computing of its values to elementary arithmetic operations. Some techniques of approximate computation of the values of elementary functions are described in this thesis: by means of continued fractions, by means of power series, and by iterative processes. All types of errors arising from these calculations are also described.


According to statistics provided by the American Heart Association for 2002, the latest year available, cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in both males and females in the United States with over 434,000 males and 494,000 females dying each year from cardiovascular-related diseases. This is 36.6% of all deaths in males and 39.8% in females and represents billions of dollars in health care costs. Cardiovascular-associated diseases run the gamut from congenital defects that manifest early in development through diseases such as stroke and infarcts frequently associated with advanced age. Investigative techniques to study these diseases are varied and include a full range of imaging, genomic, and proteomic technologies.


For years there has been an unredeemed demand for an historio-critical edition of the Grimms' Nursery and Household Tales in the international Grimm research. The principles of such a scientific edition, as it is projected in Wuppertal, are discussed and demonstrated practically, and King Thrushbeard, one of the most popular tales of the Grimms' collection, serves as an illustrating example. The investigation pays particular attention to the record of and the comment on all authentic versions of the text.


A slotted single-grating rectangular waveguide is proposed as the SWS of a novel 0.65 THz BWO. Utilizing HFSS, the cold electromagnetic performance of the SWS is studied. Input/output structure is designed. This BWO is verified by a 3-D particle-in-cell simulation using MAFIA. A 0.88W peak output power at 0.65THz is obtained under12-kV operating voltage and 7-mA beam current.


In recent years several approaches have been proposed for global optimization in matched-eld inversion. Understanding the mechanics of these optimization methods is important in order to construct fast inversion schemes suitable for underwater propagation problems. It is the purpose of this paper to investigate the comparative performances of two global optimization techniques, genetic algorithms and simulated annealing, in underwater inversion problems. Our interest lies in accurate and simultaneously computationally eecient inversion for both environmental and geometrical parameters. The methods are evaluated in terms of their ability to obtain the global minimum, the speed of approaching that, and the variation in the inversion results.


One of the responsibilities of the company's IT infrastructure team is ensuring that IT services or services stay available. One part of analyzing the performance of IT infrastructure is MTTR (Mean Time to Resolve) or the average time necessary to restore a service that is experiencing issues. Warnings or alerts are shown when a service is encountering difficulties. As a member of the IT infrastructure team, the on-call engineer is responsible for managing alarms. At PT Sense Health Indonesia, difficulties manifest in the form of recurrence alerts, or warnings resulting from previously fixed or rectified issues. This warning is repeated with sufficient frequency to enhance the MTTR value. The findings demonstrated that the integration of tools using the RESTful approach streamlined the process of processing alerts. The deployment led to a 78% decrease in the average time required to handle alarms. This study contributes by demonstrating one method for decreasing MTTR for alert handling


The article adduces the experience of treatment of 48 patients with acute liver abscesses. All patients were operated using mini-invasive ultrasound technology under control. The results of surgical treatment changed from active to more restrained. Number of complications was 13.8 %, mortality of 2 %. Thus, mini-invasive intervention is not only appropriate, but should be used with the severity of the disease, age of patients, presence of comorbidities; their effectiveness and the advantage over traditional is evident.


The Internet takes day after day more place in our lives. It is from now on, "the", medium we use, to exchange at work, at home or in a cybercafe. But that is not enough anymore. The explosion of telecommunication technology wired and wireless (cellular, radio, satellite), with IPv6, mobility emergence and the availability of multi-interfaces mobile routers, takes us along to what is called the ubiquitous Internet. The Internet anytime, everywhere and...for everybody. In this context, these multihomed equipments are now able to access the Internet via each of theirs interfaces through one or more Internet service provider. Multihoming brings new possibilities in routing process and traffic management. The advantages of this features has been explained. But there are still many questions. How to manage this new features? How to select the most accurate interface in a context aware manner? The ubique framework has been developed for multi-interfaces mobile station and later adapted to the mobile router. Yet, we still have to add to the ubique architecture the ability to support multiple care-of address just as different interfaces. This multi-tunneling support is evaluated using static policy routing in NEPL (NEmo Platform for Linux) environment


Can valuable information be disclosed intentionally by the informed agent even within a competitive environment? In this article, we bring our interest into the asymmetry in reward and penalty in the payoff structure and explore its effects on the strategic disclosure of valuable information. According to our results, the asymmetry in reward and penalty is a necessary condition for the disclosure of valuable information. This asymmetry also decides which quality of information is revealed for which incentive; if the penalty is larger than the reward or the reward is weakly larger than the penalty, there exists an equilibrium in which only a low quality type of information is revealed, in order to induce imitation. On the other hand, if the reward is sufficiently larger than the penalty, there exist equilibria in which either all types or only high quality type of information is revealed, in order to induce deviation. The evaluation of the equilibrium in terms of expected payoff yields that the equilibrium where valuable information is disclosed strategically dominates the equilibrium where it is concealed.


Science is a basic social activity that helps the development of society. It is also a dynamical system, which components are in constant interaction enabling transfer of scientific information to all of the system's components and to the outside world. For that reason scientists need adaptable and flexible tools which will enable dissemination of quality scientific material to them, their colleagues and to general public. Scientific community in Croatia has accepted information technology as a key tool for the dissemination of information emerging from scientific activities of the Croatian scientists. There are many open questions regarding behavior and activities of the Croatian scientists now working in an environment strongly influenced by ever growing number of printed and electronic information resources used for teaching at universities and scientific research. To discover the status of current developments in area of scientific communication in Croatia (in the field of social sciences), a research study was considered necessary having in mind issues such as availability of information supporting the advancement of scientific communication, changing attitudes of the Croatian scientists in the field of social sciences using networked information resources and, finally, change of context in scientists' working environment which is influencing their decision to publish in electronic publications. To understand the current state of the development of scientific communication among the scientists in the field of social sciences in Croatia, a nationwide research was initiated. The research was carried out in early 2003 in form of a survey at 5 Croatian universities (in Zagreb, Rijeka, Split, Zadar and Osijek). It included research and teaching staff at 16 faculties in the field of social sciences. The results of the research showed frequent and direct communication between scientists exchanging ideas, research data, opinions, draft papers etc. At the same time, the results demonstrate that the structure of the still active paradigm of scientific communication in the field of social sciences based on printed information resources (and electronic aids for information retrieval for various types of databases) does not differ significantly from the communication paradigm other scientists from the same field of science use in the rest of the world. It is also very significant that the results confirmed the interest of the Croatian scientists for the use of electronic information resources which are available to them and which have become integral part of their daily working routine.


In considering human-machine interface (HMI) for smart environment, a simple but effective method is proposed for automatic arm motion recognition with a Doppler radar sensor. Arms, in lieu of hands, have stronger radar cross-section and can be recognized from relatively longer distances. An energy-based thresholding algorithm is applied to the spectrograms to extract the micro-Doppler (MD) signature envelopes. The positive and negative frequency envelopes are concatenated to form a feature vector. The nearest neighbor (NN) classifier with Manhattan distance (L1) is then used to recognize the arm motions. It is shown that this simple method yields classification accuracy above 97 percent for six classes of arm motions. Despite its simplicity, the proposed method is superior to those of handcrafted feature-based classifications and low-dimension representation techniques based on principal component analysis (PCA), and is comparable to convolutional neural network (CNN).


A campaign organised by Cambodians has led the country's first vice-president of the National Assembly to urge Australia to back down from its bid to resettle refugees there.


Diffuse water pollution caused by agriculture is increasingly recognized as a major contributor to water pollution both in China and in Europe. A great deal of effort has been spent on mechanisms to address such pollution, especially through legislation and policy. The legal challenge for China is to develop an adequate legal framework to tackle diffuse pollution. By providing an overview of the current policy design regarding diffuse water pollution management in both China and the European Union, this article discusses the extent to which the EU legal framework could provide inspiration for China.