The olfactory system is capable of distinguishing individual odorants from among  a virtually unlimited number. Fish, for example, detect changes in the electric field environment induced by prey and other sources.   Floral electric fields exhibit variations in pattern and structure, which can be discriminated by bumblebees.  We have constructed an electric field sensor, which, in the course of focussing on achieving maximum sensitivity and consistency, ultimately resembles features of the insect sensorium. A "fingerprint" 3D plot ( time, frequency range, voltage amplitude), representing the emitted electric field profile, is presented for each of a variety of odorants and other chemicals. The substance-specific electric-field emission and identification is not impeded by containers or barriers or distance.


: Technological significance has been a great support for settling on choice in various fields especially in aquaculture. The advancement of aquaculture has been under development for past many years because of the absence of knowledge in aquaculture learning and natural changes by the fish farmers. Here, it generally concentrates on the upgrading of rural aquaculture development through advanced information and communication processes. It extends the aquaculture organization's ability to meet the needs of fish farmers. This study gives the preferred data at any moment of time from any part of the world and screening their concern instantly at any part of the location. In existing system, the monitoring process of the water level and temperature is done. This will just monitoring the level than controlling it. So, it will miss the checking of water quality. This will create hazardous effect on our usage of water. In the technique we can measure the quality of water using hardware and software. In hardware part it consists of Raspberry Pi version 3, Water Level Sensor, Temperature Sensor, pH Sensor, Pump Motor for controlling water level and pH level and in software in consist of python and HTML. Using both of these operations we can find the quality of water and can improve the aquaculture maintenance process.


Nowadays, advancements in depth imaging technologies have made human activity recognition HAR reliable without attaching optical markers or any other motion sensors to human body parts. This study presents a depth imaging-based HAR system to monitor and recognize human activities. In this work, we proposed spatiotemporal features approach to detect, track, and recognize human silhouettes using a sequence of RGB-D images. Under our proposed HAR framework, the required procedure includes detection of human depth silhouettes from the raw depth image sequence, removing background noise, and tracking of human silhouettes using frame differentiation constraints of human motion information. These depth silhouettes extract the spatiotemporal features based on depth sequential history, motion identification, optical flow, and joints information. Then, these features are processed by principal component analysis for dimension reduction and better feature representation. Finally, these optimal features are trained and they recognized activity using hidden Markov model. During experimental results, we demonstrate our proposed approach on three challenging depth videos datasets including IM-DailyDepthActivity, MSRAction3D, and MSRDailyActivity3D. All experimental results show the superiority of the proposed approach over the state-of-the-art methods.


The absolute vapour pressures over pure C60, C70, fullerite and over the binary C60/C70 system are calculated from ion intensities vs. temperature up to 800 K using the Knudsen effusion mass spectrometric method. The vapour pressures (Pa) of C60 and C70 are given as a function of temperature (K) by the equations:

Corresponding Second Law enthalpy and entropy changes for sublimation are:

Results are discussed in terms of sample purity and pretreatment and correlated with data obtained by other authors. Fullerenes containing residual organic solvents (fullerite) partly decompose upon thermal treatment to amorphous carbon.


This study highlights some of the effects of UV crosslinking of DNA-CTMA on its electrical and optical characteristics. The crosslinking of DNA-CTMA occurs via the photodimerization of attached coumarin moieties under UV irradiation. An exposure time of 30 min to UV light with an output power of 166 mW/cm2 is needed to complete the crosslinking process. The UV-crosslinked films show a significant increase in the electrical resistivity (decrease in leakage current) and a markedly lower dielectric constant. This paper, originally published on 1 October 2013, was replaced with a corrected/revised version on 25 October 2013. If you downloaded the original PDF but are unable to access the revision, please contact SPIE Digital Library Customer Service for assistance.


Abstract
 This Introduction to special issue provides a context for the Nordic Development Research Conference 2021 (NorDev21). It introduces the contents of the conference and contributions within the issue revolved around two main themes of (1) Learning, education, Covid-19 pandemic and decolonizing and (2) State, Democracy, and Citizenship.


Objective To investigate failure behaviors of fluorinated acrylic polyurethane coating in air environment and xenon accelerated aging test environment. Methods Water contact angle,attenuated total reflection-fourier transform infrared spectroscopy( ATR-FTIR),atomic force microscope( AFM) and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy( EIS) were conducted to monitor the property variation of the coating. Results The results showed that coating contact angle decreased definitely in xenon accelerated aging test. ATR-FTIR spectra and AFM analysis indicated that the fluorine content decreased,while the oxygen content increased,and the coating surface roughness increased during the xenon lamp accelerated aging process. Coating resistance attenuated faster in xenon lamp accelerated aging test than in neutral salt spray test. Conclusion Photoaging began with a rupture of molecular chain,which led to a decrease of fluorine content,while coating resistance diminished along with time of aging.


Aluminum, Zirconium, molybdenum and uranium were determined spectrochemically in simulated dissolver solutions, after conversion to a sulfate solution. The coefficient of variation ranged from 7 to 13% except for uranium, for which it was 35%. Existing methods for the spectrochemical determination of fluoride were modified so as to be applicable to the analysis of dissolver solutions. The coefficient of variation for fluoride was less than 30% at 0.01 ancl 0.1 M concentrations. (auth)


The Clebsch-Gordan decomposition is calculated for direct products of the irreducible representations of the cubic space group. These results are used to identify multiparticle states which appear in the hadron spectrum on the lattice. Consideration of the cubic space group indicates how combinations of both zero momentum and non-zero momentum multiparticle states contribute to the spectrum.


The bias of simulated rainfall by GCMs is corrected using daily percentile scaling method.This method relates each percentile of GCMs daily rainfall to the observed 'natural' rainfall of the same percentile.Using this relationship,the projected daily rainfall by GCMs for future climate periods is converted to the 'natural' rainfall in the same periods.It is shown that twelve percentiles is optimal in the terms of bias magnitude and time consuming compared with other four schemes.By analyzing multi-year averaged annual,monthly rainfall and their temporal tendency,and the probability distribution of daily rainfall for observational,simulated and corrected data,the following conclusions are drawn:(1) The bias of simulated rainfall by GCMs can be reduced in some degree over China,especially over the south of the Yangtze River,central China and parts of Northeast China.The most significant reduction of the biases among the three GCMs analyzed is for MPI-EHCAM5.(2) The difference of seasonal cycle pattern between observational and corrected data is smaller than that between observational and simulated data,and this is the case for MPI-ECHAM5 in all of the basins.(3) More corrected data series than the simulated data series have the same trends with observations in some basins.(4) The biases are reduced significantly in most basins when daily rainfall is less than 30 mm.However,the biases become positive from negative in some basins when daily rainfall is greater than 30 mm.If more accurate projections of precipitation change and its impact on water resources are expected,as many models as possible should be used due to the uncertainties and limitations of GCMs simulations and downscaling.


N-1-Sulfonylated cytosine 5 and 5-halogeno-N-1-sulfonylated cytosine derivatives 1 and 2 were synthesized by condensation of silylated cytosine or 5-halogenocytosine bases with tosylchloride in acetonitrile, or by the reaction of cytosine or 5-halogenocytosine bases with tosylchloride in pyridine. The NMR evidences are presented, showing that 1 and 2 form exclusively rare keto-imino tautomers in DMSO-d(6) solution, while N-1-sulfonylated cytosine 5 appears as a common keto-amino tautomer.


It is known that thick and thin clients have complementary strengths and weaknesses. Thick clients offer crisp interactive response even for tightly-coupled applications with rich GUIs. However, computationally intensive tasks are limited to using only the resources locally available. Thin clients, on the other hand, are attractive in CPU-intensive and data-intensive situations because application execution can occur on powerful remote compute servers or close to large data sets. Unfortunately, the physical separation between application execution and user interaction in thin clients can lead to poor application responsiveness, especially for tightly-coupled applications with rich GUIs.


This text, based on Emile Benveniste and Mikhail Bakhtin linguistic theories of enunciation, discusses the elements involved in the production of subjectivity and singularity of language. For this purpose, writing in the first school years was taken as the subject of study. Regarding theoretical concepts, Benveniste is considered, when presenting on his thought system the principle of intersubjectivity, denying an egocentric view of the individual, that is, of an isolated being through his/her development. On the subjectivity of language, Benveniste says that putting the language to work defines the subjectivity and otherness on language. On the other hand, when Bakhtin presents the dialogism as a landmark concept, working with the notion of heterogeneity as a dialogue principle, involves the other in the individual constitution. In this work it is said that the concept of intersubjectivity crosses both theories, reason why it is called upon along the text to support the intention of learning to "look" children's writing from a different perspective during the process of literacy in the ordinary school. The conclusion states that, when writing, the individual translates the meaning of the world to himself, built from experienced interactions, both inside and outside school. Key words: enunciation, writing, literacy process.


The clinical picture varies considerably. On the one extreme are ambulatory patients and abortive attacks and on the other fulminating infections with an early fatal termination. Most infections fall between these two extremes and are of more typical symptomatology, with the case fatality rate varying in different foci. Extremely mild attacks without rash presumably occur, but in such cases a specific diagnosis of spotted fever cannot be otherwise than presumptive. The usual ambulatory patient has a low fever, the rash is scanty and may be scattered or localized and the patient is not sufficiently ill to remain in bed. The duration is less than two weeks. Abortive attacks generally have a rather sudden stormy onset with a temperature as high as 104 F. and a pulse as high as 130; but the symptoms rapidly lessen in severity and the rash is more or less fleeting. Recovery is complete in from


The appearance of merchants in Sichuan in Song Dynasty was closely related with the geographic environment.Their activities,different groups,capital flow and influence showed that that they speeded up the economic development of Sichuan and other areas,strengthened the economic relation with other provinces,improved people's life and consolidated the frontier defense.They opened a new scene in monetary history.Therefore,their functions cannot be neglected.


plane, without detailed musical examples. New meanings and functions of folk music and being a folk musician in contemporary urban contexts in Turkey are identified and described by Rebecca Bryant (2005), Karahasanoğlu & Skoog (2009), and Üstüner, Ger & Holt (2000) from particular perspectives – respectively identification or affiliation, and rituals –, and in a more general way by Martin Stokes (1992a). In his influential book The Arabesk Debate: Music and Musicians in Modern Turkey (1992), Stokes argues that '[t]he extent to which [the] reforms have been absorbed, "domesticated" and attained a degree of autonomy at local level is (...) an issue which has remained relatively unexplored.' (1992, pp. 8–9). Twenty-two years after this statement was made, it is still valid to a great extent. This dissertation seeks to contribute to the project of filling that gap, by means of a grounded, inductive approach, focussing on the ways in which Turkish folk music manifests itself musically, contextually and functionally in contemporary Turkey – not only in urban, but also in rural settings. Dissimilar from the existing studies, a transnational perspective is applied, comparing the situation in the motherland with the situation in the diaspora. This kind of overarching perspective, which provides a richer and wider view on the subject, is rarely found in the literature. 14 Migration-related academic writings about the Belgian context are generally historically, sociologically, demographically, medically-psychologically or politically oriented, addressing themes such as migration history, identity construction, the role of religion (Islam), educational or economic challenges and opportunities, marriage migration, migration policy, and associations and non-profit organisations (Agirdag, Van Avermaet, & Van Houtte, 2013; Beirens & Fontaine, 2011; De Bock, 2012, 2013; Goossens, 2004; Kanmaz, 2001; Keten, 2002; Küçükcan, 2007; Manço, 2000; Schoonvaere, 2013; Surkyn, 1993; Van Kerckem, Van de Putte, & Stevens, 2013; Van Kerckem, Van der Bracht, Stevens, & Van de Putte, 2013; Van Kerckem, 2014; Vanmeerhaeghe, 2013; Vanparys, 2002; Verhaeghe et al., 2012; Yalçin, Lodewijckx, Marynissen, & Van Caudenberg, 2006). 15 An early attempt was made by Ursula Reinhard to compare certain musical and contextual aspects in Turkey and Germany (1987). Türkü and Halay Between Ghent and Turkey 8 Use of the notion 'Turkish' Being a central concept in this study, the notion 'Turkish' should be defined properly. The Oxford English Dictionary Online defines the signifier 'Turkish' as 'of, pertaining or belonging to the Turks or to Turkey' ("Turkish, adj. and n.," 2014). If related to the country Turkey, the meaning of 'Turkish' is rather unambiguous. But if related to the ethnicitybound notion 'Turk', the definition becomes more complicated, as illustrated by the definition given by the Oxford English Dictionary: The name of a numerous and widely spread family of the human race, occupying from prehistoric times large parts of central Asia, and speaking a language and dialects belonging to the Turkic (...) branch of the Ural-Altaic (...) linguistic family (...). ("Turk, n.," 2014) The distinction between 'Turkish' and 'Turkic' is summarised by Carter Vaughn Findley in his book The Turks in World History where the term 'Turkish' is described as 'now conventional scholarly usage in English for the people, language, and culture of the Turkish Republic' and the broader term 'Turkic' is called 'the corresponding term applicable to all Turks everywhere, including the Turkish Republic.' (2005, p. 6) The common trait of 'all Turks everywhere' is language. The 'contrast between how much the Turkic peoples have in common linguistically and how diverse they are in other ways' is a key issue in questions of unity and diversity (2005, p. 224). It is indeed safer to define 'Turkishness' or 'Turkicness' on the basis of language or country of origin than on ethnic grounds. The heterogeneity of the Turkic people is equally or even more valid for the population of the Republic of Turkey, which consists of a mix of ethnically or linguistically diverse 'Turkish' and 'non-Turkish' people. The Seljuk Turks conquered the territory of present-day Turkey (a part of the Byzantine Empire) in the 11 century; present-day Istanbul (former Constantinople) was taken by the Ottomans in the 15 century. The substratum of diverse other preceding peoples and civilisations is still present in Turkey's demography and culture. Claims of 'pure Turkishness', as imposed by government policies after the foundation of the Turkish Republic, are based on ideology rather than reality. This is also true for the supposed unity of all Turkic people, politically channelled into pan-Turkism – still an existing ideological current in Turkey, Azerbaijan and other Central Asian Turkic states. After the foundation of the Turkish Republic (1923), Atatürk's goal was to establish a strong national identity, representing a breakpoint with the multinational nature of the former Ottoman Empire. This consciousness of Turkish nationhood was obtained through a purposive policy, aiming at the assimilation of ethnic, linguistic, religious and cultural minorities. This process affected the society of Turkey in a profound way, but never succeeded completely.


Bi2O3/TiO2 coupled photocatalyst was prepared by the hydrolysis method in the presence of water and ethanol under ultrasonic irradiation.The photocatalytic activity of the catalyst was determinated by measuring the degradation rate of rhodamine B under irradiation of UV-lamp.The results showed that adding Bi2O3 to TiO2 broadened the absorb range of solar light and greatly enhanced photocatalytic activity of TiO2,and the optimum loading of Bi2O3 was 0.25%.The various conditions including the dose of titanium oxide,the concentration of rhodamine B,the value of pH and various ion and H2O2 had different influence on degradation of rhodamine B.The photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B follows the pseudo first-order kinetic model,and the reaction rate constant(0.057 4 min-1)was determined.


A bearing capacity of geocell-reinforced grounds under repeated loadings was investigated byY a series of field tests. Different sizes and rigidity of geocells which were made of veneer plywood . thin galvanized iron sheet and nonwoven geotextile were employed for the test . The surface deflection of test sections were observed until the repetitions of 1000 cycles of 1.7 ton motor truck loading or their structural failure . From the result of tests it was found that reinforcement effects depended on the properties of confined soil in the geocell and the supporting ground conditions . Moreover geocell materials of high rigidity demonstrated the good reduction of permanent surface deformation; however . progressive large settlement caused the failure of geocell itself. On the other hand a flexible geocell maintained the reinforcement effects on a severe ground settlement subjected to a large number of repetitive stresses .


The purpose of the article is to consider the history of the Orel Art Gallery creation and its organization features in the middle of the 20-th century. The relevance of the research is due to the fact that the issue of museum construction is studied insufficiently in the postwar period, as well as the specifics of the formation of new art museums and galleries collections. In many ways, the successful functioning of the es-tablished network of new cultural institutions was due to the extraordinary personalities who understand the requirements of the time to lead them. The main task is to identify the role of I.A. Krugly in solving the issues of the organization of the main directions of the gallery in the context of historical, political and social conditions of the 1950s – 1960s. Using the example of the creation of the Orel Art Gallery and the activities of I.A. Krugly, it is possible to trace the features of the development of culture and art in Russia, as well as the role of patrons and local historians in the creation of cultural institutions. The author coms to the conclusion that the study allows a deeper understanding of the cultural and historical significance of this museum and its role in the development of Orel cultural life and Russia as a whole.


We introduce SD3, a trust management system consisting of a high-level policy language, a local policy evaluation, and a certificate retrieval system. A unique feature of SD3 is its certified evaluator. As the evaluator computes the answer to a query, it also computes a proof that the answer follows from the security policy. Before the answer is returned, the proof is passed through a simple checker and incorrect proofs are reported as errors. The certified evaluator reduces the trusted computing base and greatly increases our confidence that the answers produced by the evaluator follow from the specification, despite complex optimizations. To illustrate SD3's capabilities, we show how to implement a secure name service, similar to DNSSEC, entirely in SD3.


With the fast pace of life and advancement in technology, people rely more on social networking sites for the happenings around the globe. The misinformation or rumors spread across especially during emergency situations such as Pulwama Attack 2019 or The Attack of 26/11 or a natural calamity like the Kerala Flood 2018 can have a devastating effect on individuals and society. Spurious news in such a scenario would not only give rise to panic among the individuals but in some cases, it may also target a particular community. In this paper, we try to understand the term Spurious news in more detail and analyze the situation of Spurious news in India in a broader manner. We will also review the various state-of-the-art techniques that exist for solving the fraudulent news problem from different aspects such as deep learning, machine learning, etc.


Permeation parameters were obtained for various commercial polyimide/Teflon FEP laminates. Permeation coefficients, predicted from data obtained separately on each component of the laminate, match closely those found experimentally. The diffusion and solubility coefficient values, which are not amenable to such predictions, demonstrate that closely similar permeation coefficient values may be obtained from widely different diffusion and solubility coefficient values.


Information technology (IT) business value study has maintained its prosperity for years suggesting that this topic is both theoretically intriguing and pragmatically important in the IT community. Recently information systems (IS) researchers have shifted their attention to the various macroand micro-level contingencies that can affect the value of IT. In the present study the authors particularly examine an important firm-level contingency imposed by the firm's managerial human capital, manifested by a set of managerial characteristics such as tenure, the level of education, and IT knowledge of the top manager. Employing a dataset of 771 Chinese non-state-owned firms, this paper investigates the interactions between these characteristics and IT capital with regard to their impact on firm performance. The regression results show that not only are the main effects of IT capital and managerial human capital significant, but also their interactions affect firm performance positively in certain industry contexts. In particular, the moderating effects of managerial human capital on IT business value are significant in a subsample of service firms. This is not surprising given that service firms tend to be more information intensive. To the authors' knowledge, it is the first paper that simultaneously examines IT capital together with managerial human capital. The findings of this paper enrich the IT business value literature and provide some useful insights to the firm managers regarding IT management.


The intelligent transportation systems (ITS) will responsible for only a small fraction of the overall data traffic services carried by cellular networks, especially as the mobile multimedia traffic increases in evolved second generation systems. As such, ITS with its mainly short and bursty transactions, will piggyback perfectly on such a mobile multimedia background. We compare CDPD (Cellular Digital Packet Data), the US packet data overlay on analogue AMPS, with GPRS (General Packet Radio Service), the packet-switched service soon to be commercially available over GSM, for the purpose of carrying ITS on top of non-ITS traffic. With GPRS, ITS traffic is less affected by the non-ITS traffic (smaller delays in the presence of "heavy" users, and higher effective throughput) for the same traffic mixture. This, however, relies upon proper resource and load management in GPRS.


Introduction India is not only the world's largest independent democracy, but also an emerging economic giant. Without a sound and effective banking system, no country can have a healthy economy. Banks play a vital role in the economic development of a country. They accumulate the idle savings of the people and make them available for investment. They also create new demand deposits in the process of granting loans and purchasing investment securities. They facilitate trade both inside and outside the country by accepting and discounting of bills of exchange. Banks also increase the mobility of capital. For the past three decades, India's banking system has several outstanding achievements to its credit. It is no longer confined to only the metropolitans, but has reached even to the remote corners of the country. This is one of the reasons of India's growth process. Today, the banking sector is one of the biggest service sectors in India. Availability of quality services is vital for the well-being of the economy. The focus of banks has shifted from customer acquisition to customer retention. With the stepping in of information technology in the banking sector, the working strategy of the banking sector has seen revolutionary changes. Various customer-oriented products like internet banking, ATM services, Tele-banking and electronic payment have lessened the workload of customers. The facility of internet banking enables a consumer to access and operate his bank account without actually visiting the bank premises. The facility of ATMs and credit/debit cards has revolutionized the choices available with the customers. Banks also serve as alternative gateways for making payments on account of income-tax and online payment of various bills like the telephone, electricity and tax. In the modern-day economy where people have no time to make these payments by standing in queue, the services provided by banks are commendable. Among the institutions whose role in the development of the less developed regions is well recognised but inadequately emphasised are the development banks. Playing multiple roles, these institutions have helped promote, nurture, support and monitor a range of activities, though their most important function has been as drivers of industrial development.


Based on the results of literature analysis,this paper put forward the hypothesis model which is mediation model with Transformational Leadership as mediator between competency and leadership effectiveness of scientific research project directors.In order to verifying the hypothesis-questionnaire and factor-analysis technique were firstly used to analyze the data of 281 excellent persons who in charge of research projects-the result shows that the competency-model of scientific research project directors contains leading competence-academic competence and managerial competence.And secondly multiple-linear-regression and path-analysis technique were adopted to analyze the relationship of competency-transformational leadership and leadership effectiveness-the result shows that charisma dimension of transformational leadership is partial mediator between competency and leadership effectiveness.Empirical studies verified the hypothesis above.The findings are a great help to understand the leadership mechanism of scientific research project directors.


We present a novel approach of using the butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) antioxidant found in commercial Pluronic F127 samples as a marker of polymer aggregation. The BHT marker was compared to the pyrene dye and static light scattering methods as a way to measure the critical micelle concentration (CMC) and critical micelle temperature (CMT). The n* transitions of BHT are sensitive to the microenvironment as demonstrated by plotting the fractional intensities of its excitation ( 280 nm) and emission ( 325 nm) peaks. BHT is more sensitive to changes in temperature than concentration. The partition coefficient increases  40-fold for pyrene compared to  2 fold for BHT when the temperature is increased from 25 to 37 °C. CMT values determined using the BHT fluorescence decrease with increasing F127 concentration. Our results show that BHT can be used as a reliable marker of changes in the microenvironment of Pluronic F127.


IntroductionStakeholder InvolvementThe Participatory Design (PD) community widely acknowledges that participatory techniques such as workshops, storytelling, performance techniques, games and human-centred iterative prototyping, improve understanding and communication between stakeholders in technology development (e.g. Brandt & Grunnet, 2000; Brandt, 2006; Esnault, Daele, Zeiliger, & Charlier, 2009; Muller, 2007; Sanders, 2000). However, the effective exchange of the results of these participatory techniques is often problematic due to the lack of a shared 'language' among multiple stakeholder groups (Markus & Mao, 2004; Pekkola, Kaarilahti, & Pohjola, 2006; Robertson & Simonsen, 2012). At the same time, the priorities and values of each group can make effective communication difficult. This is further exacerbated when designing technology for stakeholders whose communication skills do not facilitate direct participation in design, such as children. Additionally, participatory techniques involving the end user do not typically address the problem of transferring the results of field studies to those responsible for technological development (dePaula, 2004; Pekkola et al.; 2006; Blomberg & Karasti, 2012). The role of software engineers and other technology designers as participants in the design process is not clearly represented by traditional PD approaches, therefore, we suggest tying insights about technology use closer to the development process overseen by software engineers using these tools.It is commonly accepted that design is a social process that involves communication and negotiation (Brandt, 2006). Yet the design of technology often involves jargon and terminology that is not always shared and well understood across different stakeholders (Muller, 2007). Differences not only exist between technical and non-technical stakeholders but also exist between different technical disciplines involved in the development process; such as between Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) field researchers and software engineers. In order to communicate effectively design participants need a shared language which is sensitive to their specific needs (Dearden & Rizvi, 2008; Miller, Pedell, Vetere, Sterling, & Howard, 2012).We propose a toolkit with three artefacts: technology probes, associated fieldwork and conceptual goal models. We argue that the combination of these three artefacts will help to mediate effective communication between participant stakeholders and will contribute to innovative designs. We illustrate our proposed toolkit with examples of technologies used by intergenerational families.Domestic Technology DevelopmentDesigning domestic technology (i.e., technology for the home) is particularly challenging (e.g. Howard, Kjeldskov, & Skov, 2006; Hagen & Robertson, 2009). Domestic technology is generally successful if it satisfies both functional and non-functional needs (Sandweg, Hassenzahl, & Kuhn, 2000; Hassenzahl, Platz, Burmester, & Lehner, 2000). For domestic technologies that support intergenerational interactions it is also important that every member of the family from the very young to the very old is capable of operating and enjoying it (Kromker & Sandweg, 2001). The grandparents who participated in our research were at least 70 years old and very inexperienced with technology. Their lack of confidence with technology and gaps in their knowledge about how modern technology could support relationships with their grandchildren made it difficult for them to articulate their needs. This meant that their involvement needed to be planned carefully.Additionally, there are characteristics of the home that make designing domestic technologies unique. Domestic needs are often unspoken; relationships are not straightforwardly hierarchical; lived life is idiosyncratic and even exotic (Howard et al., 2006). The grandparent-grandchild relationship is an example of a set of complex social interactions. …


Organizations that have a single or a few related product lines and a high degree of vertical integration tend to be capital intensive, and to be organized in a centralized, functionally-departmentalized structure. Organizations that have a diversified product line tend to have a decentralized, divisional structure. This paper indicates that the first type tends to concentrate on domestic markets, while the second type accounts for most of U. S. direct investment abroad. Expansion abroad requires diversification, reorganization, and the training of general international managers. The evidence suggests that the organizations that have been most successful in meeting this new challenge have been those that had previously acquired the ability to develop general managers capable of controlling and guiding a heterogeneous, diverse enterprise. Lawrence E. Fouraker is a professor of business administration and John M. Stopford is a research associate at the Harvard Graduate School of Business Administration.


Investigations of the corrosion of various metals, alloys, and ceramics in high-temperature nitrate salt melts revealed that relatively few materials have acceptable compatibility in a 650{degrees}C, NaNO{sub 3}(-KNO{sub 3})-Na{sub 2}O{sub 2} environment that was chemically characteristic of the MOLTOX{trademark} chemical air separation process. Corrosion in these systems was controlled by the stabilities of the salt and solid-state surface oxides (whether they were ore-existing or formed upon exposure), the salt's oxide ion activity (strongly influenced by Na{sub 2}O{sub 2} additions), and the physical condition of the solid surfaces. In general, refractory/reactive metals and alloys (with the exception of zirconium and hafnium), cobalt, nickel, NiMo, TiAl, austenitic steel, and Ni-Cr-Fe alloys were found to corrode quite readily because of rapid oxidation and/or dissolution in the salt. 22 refs., 29 figs., 5 tabs.


The paper pretends to contribute to the study of the explicit allusion to the parallel of the fall of Troy with the fall of Veii in Livy's narrative. With the goal of making the analysis of the issue more complex, which lately has been thought, mainly, in a literary framework, the proposal here is to consider, besides the previous approach, information that surpasses the aforesaid framework, so as to achieve a more complex understanding of the reasons why Livy uses the referred parallel in this episode.


Summary The teratogenicity of Congo red was investigated in the Wistar Albino rat. Female rats received a single intraperi-toneal injection of a 2% aqueous solution of Congo red on the 8th day of pregnancy. Dosages used were either 14 mg/100 g, 30 mg/100 g or 40 mg/100 g maternal body weight. A dose of 20 mg/100 g was found to be teratogenic, 15.4% of the survivors being malformed. A dose of 40 mg/100 g was lethal, all pregnant rats dying within 5 days after injection. The malformations produced were hydrocephalus, hydronephrosis and ocular defects. Multiple malformations were rare. The teratogenic dose of Congo red did not produce any alteration in maternal serum protein components during the expected period of teratogenic activity. This is contrasted to the situation found following treatment with trypan blue.


Locating pre-positioned warehouses in strategic locations around the world is an approach that is used by some humanitarian relief organizations to improve their capacities to deliver sufficient relief aid within a relatively short time frame, and to provide shelter and assistance to disaster victims. Although research into the facility location problem is extensive in both theory and application, these problems have not received much attention from the humanitarian relief perspective. In this paper we consider the pre-positioning of warehouses for humanitarian relief organisations from both macro (which country, which region?) and micro (the local location) perspectives, and analyse the managerial implications of those decisions. In case study A, managerial level officers were interviewed in order to obtain data for an analysis of the positioning of warehouses at a regional level. Case study B identifies a specific location in the Dubai area where stakeholders from different organisations participated in both discussions and interviews. Through the use of the Analytic Hierarchical Process, the structure of the location selection problems was analysed. The fuzzy-TOPSIS method was used to obtain the final ranking of locations where linguistic values handle the vagueness and subjectivity of decisions. The contribution of this work as follow: we provide useful managerial insights and implications related to the pre-positioning of warehouses and guide the identification of the warehouse location through a robust framework for multi-criteria decision making for humanitarian relief organisations.


The objective of this paper is to present a new system which can be appropriate for the determination of hydraulic behavior of faults assessment. In this paper an evaluation model, based on combining the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the Fuzzy Delphi method (FDM), has been presented for assessing fault hydraulic behavior estimates. The research treats the hydraulic behavior of fault classification as a group decision problem, and applies the fuzzy logic theory as the criterion to calculate the weighting factors. In addition, about 87 faults were selected as the case study examples. After determining the hydraulic behavior of faults for each case, the equivalent permeability of fault zones has been estimated according to the proposed method. Afterwards, the results of actual permeability measurements have been compared with the estimated permeability, and then the relationship and difference between the proposed method and actual permeability were discussed. The introduced method has been examined successfully in faults of the Azad pumped storage power plant in Iran. The results show that since the majority of parameters regulating hydraulic behavior of faults have been considered in method, its results are very close to actual permeability of fault zones.


The relations between the value of T- and P-violating correlations in neutron scattering and different models of CP violation are discussed. It is shown that a specific structure of CP-odd interactions gives the possibility to obtain the essential information about CP-odd interaction at the quark-gluon level from nuclear experimental data. The up-to-date estimations for CP- violating nucleon coupling constants show that CP violation in neutron scattering is sensitive to many models of CP violation.


Objective To summarize the diagnosis and treatment of traumatic diaphragmatic hernia.Methods The clinical data of 37 cases of traumatic diaphragmatic hernia were retrospectively analyzed.Results Before surgery 30 cases were diagnosed,34 cases were cured,3 cases died,the case fatality rate was 8.1%.Conclusion In regard to the wounds in their chests and bellies,the sufferes must be inquired in details to know the injuries in additon to thorough physical examination.According to the X ray,CT and the clinic characteristics,early diagnosis and operation treatment in time are the key to raise the curative rate.


With the development of road construction in China,the fixed emulsified asphalt plant cannot handle today's business requirements well.For example,it cannot meet the needs of construction sites in remote area even in mountainous region.This paper developed a type of novel movable station for emulsified asphalt production by modifying the design of the fixed emulsified asphalt plant.The movable station uses a complex asphalt tank with a small one inside to replace the traditional asphalt tank and uses coal(instead of heat transfer oils) to heat the tank.Compared with the fixed plant,the proposed movable station includes less devices,and can effectively meet the practical needs of construction sites whith an economic and efficient manner.


This paper introduces the concept of an all-electric mobile vehicle with independent four-wheel drive configuration which is driven using two-phase geared permanent magnet (PM) stepping motors. These electric motors are referred here as traction motors. The analysis includes a novel design, modelling and investigation of the behaviour of such a motor coupled in series with planetary gearbox for the purpose of vehicle drive on uneven terrains. Lumped-parameter state-space models for torque and angular velocity have been developed for the individual sub-systems to simulate the dynamics of the drive-train system. The investigation in this paper looks into the characteristics of both the traction motor and electromechanical geared motor. An analysis is done on the geared motor model to assure its feasibility for use in an all-electric and/or hybrid vehicle models.


This thesis explores the displacement modes and causes of displacement, especially those associated with snow load, of historic stacked log structures at the Bar BC Ranch in Grand Teton National Park in preparation of a typology of displacement indicators and risk exposures that inform the development of a field survey to help building stewards monitor stacked log structures and aid in the creation of prioritized preservation plans.


The increase in the ratio "weight : volume" increases the value of the indicator "protein index" at white shell eggs from 0,44 to 0,49. Value index "units Hough" increase from 77,8 to 80,1. Of eggs with a higher ratio of "weight : volume" brought in an average of 3,5% more chickens.


More and more research and development interest focuses on the field of proteins and peptides. To introduce the application of novel preparation techniques and drug delivery systems of proteins and peptides,this paper presents PEGylation,PVP Bioconjugation,supercritical fluid technique,and liposome,microparticle and nanoparticle,pulsatile drug delivery system,microfabricated system,microemulsion,and micelle used in this field separately.The techniques and drug delivery systems improve drug stability in vitro and in vivo and pharmacokinetic property.Novel preparation techniques and drug delivery systems of proteins and peptides have a bright future.


Digital marketing is a recent discipline that interrelates marketing with computer systems. Its basis is to generate, from a topic related to a brand, useful and high value content to offer to the target audience in digital channels, promoting positioning and loyalty. In this scientific article, a systematization is presented that concerns the need to incorporate digital marketing as relevant and novel content in the process of professional training of the engineer in computer systems. Consequently, the theoretical conceptions associated with marketing and digital marketing are valued initially, their fundamental tools in the current administration, and finally, the pedagogical process of development of the digital marketing tools in the university training of the engineer in computer systems is modeled. The modeled pedagogical process is based on the fact that the virtual environment is an educational context in itself, formed by a system of spaces, based on foundations and principles that determine the dimensions: characterizing, conceptual, technological and personal.


We analyze a nonlinear control system consisting of a single vortex in a freestream near an actuated cylinder. We use heaving and/or surging of the cylinder as input to stabilize the vortex position relative to the cylinder. The open-loop system has two main modes of behavior based on the values of the free vortex strength and the cylinder circulation. The first mode has a single saddle point near the cylinder and, for a larger value of the cylinder circulation, the second mode has two saddle points and one center. The closed-loop system utilizes a linear state-feedback control law. We derive conditions on the control gains to stabilize any of the equilibrium points. Simulations of the open- and closed-loop systems illustrate the bifurcations that arise from varying the vortex strength, cylinder circulation and/or control gains.


Three recent papers have reported an association between leukocytosis and thrombosis in patients with myeloproliferative disorders; a leukocyte count of more than 15 × 109/L, as opposed to 10 × 109/L or fewer, was associated with myocardial infarction in polycythemia vera,[1][1] and that of either


For purposes of more closely limiting and defining the topic for discussion, the chairman, Arnold Pfeffer, suggested that the title be revised to read: "The Fate of the Transference Neurosis After Satisfactory Analysis," thus eliminating from consideration instances of incomplete or interrupted analyses in which there are significant residues of conflicts that may or may not be organized around the analyst and determine remaining symptoms and character difficulties. After the transference neurosis has been satisfactorily resolved, what is its fate? In attempting to annver this question, one is immediately confronted with the problem of gathering relevant observations. Several areas of study suggest themselves: during the course of analysis; at termination; and reanalysis. Pfeffer elaborated on the reason for the paucity of information, useful for present purposes, that usually evolves from these points of observation. In follow-up studies previously reported by Pfeffer, years after the termination of analysis, former analytic patients were seen sitting up, once 8 week, in analytic type interviews. Four general observations, relevant to the present discussion, were made: 1. Satisfactorily analyzed patients regressed and reacted to the interviews of the follow-up study as though they were in analysis, communicating with free association and often with dreams; they misidentified and


Imaging and quantifying elements of the internal structure of a sample is important for the analysis and engineering of materials. Electron tomography is a powerful technique that can reveal the three-dimensional structure of a sample at the nanometer scale. Unfortunately, the limited quantity and quality of electronic tomographic data produces artifacts in conventional reconstructions that can confound subsequent segmentation and quantitation. An alternative approach, termed discrete tomography, is to directly reconstruct only a limited and discrete set of pixel amplitudes. Recently, graph cut methods have been used with great success on such discrete-label problems in the domain of image segmentation. This work aims to develop such a graph-cut framework for discrete tomography. We analyze the structure of linear inverse problems, showing the relationship of the sensing structure to graph non-representability. We then propose a method that iteratively minimizes a surrogate energy functional that is always graph-representable. We show reconstruction results using synthetic phantom images for limited angle scenarios and compare them to a conventional reconstruction technique.


A numerical simulation methodology to predict the wave pattern within a harbour due to ship waves is presented. It is based on 'the spectral decomposition of the solitary incident
wave. Each component is propagated using Berkhoff's mild slope model. Superposition of the different solutions allows reconstruction of the wave temporal history.


Objective Of electronic medical records in hospital information management role.Methods From the perspective of the concept of electronic medical records,electronic medical records in the hospital described the important role of information systems,analysis of the technical structure of electronic medical records,security management..Results Electronic medical records are in the hospital information technology to achieve a certain scale,to achieve electronic medical records,digital.Conclusion Paperless electronic medical record will become the hospital information management development trend.


The Russian Orthodox Church, being in the centre of the Russian identity in the pre-Soviet period, claims today the same mission, and almost all political formations in the country supports this view. This is also related to the political role given to the Church. But some global processes deeply influencing also Russian society, makes it difficult nowadays for the Church to carry out its historical role.


Computing systems finds application in every sphere of human life. Almost everything we see around us in this world seems to be driven by the computing systems. It has made it necessary for the software developer to lay special emphasis on the quality of the software. Quality in the field of software industry means having a right balance between reliability, development time, and cost. The wealth of research in reliability modeling and applications is remarkable, which confirms its continuing importance as a research topic.

Among the various kind of reliability modeling, non-homogeneous Poisson process (NHPP)-based software reliability modeling has been a topic of most practical and academic interest. This article emphasizes on highlighting the research in the NHPP-based software reliability growth modeling (SRGM), development of unified schemes for the same which makes the study of SRGMs and their application on any specific testing process much easier, and operational research applications of SRGMs in two decision-making problems related to the software development, namely, software release time problem and resource allocation at unit testing level.

Keywords:

software reliability;
fault detection;
fault correction;
software reliability growth models;
unified modeling


ABSTRACT Quality control is an important consideration in food production systems which often start with farming and processing operations and finish with consumption. This study develops an integrated inventory control model for a four-echelon supply chain (with farming, processing, screening and retail operations). The farmer grows newborn items and then delivers them to a processor once the items are mature enough. At the processing plant, the items are slaughtered, processed, packaged and screened for quality. The processor then delivers a certain number of equally sized batches of good quality processed inventory to the retailer who satisfies customer demand for good quality processed inventory. The processor sells the processed poorer quality inventory at a discounted price and as a single batch to secondary markets. The proposed supply chain inventory system is formulated as a profit maximisation problem with the number of batches of good quality processed inventory and the order quantity as the decision variables.


Failure experiences induce entrepreneurs to reflect and learn, and help them accumulate entrepreneurial experience. This paper constructs a theoretical model of the influence of entrepreneurial learning on opportunity recognition ability under the failure situation, and through the questionnaire survey of 305 migrant workers entrepreneurs who have failed experience, it is found that entrepreneurial failure learning positively promotes opportunity recognition ability after failure.


Graduate public health education is evolving rapidly as a function of complex and interrelated factors including rising student debt, a changing economy and job market, varied perceptions of the value of higher education, and new educational technologies affecting how courses and programs are delivered. At the same time, employers are seeking more highly trained public health professionals across a broader range of industries including, but not limited to, government, health care, pharmaceutical, consulting, and education. We redesigned the Boston University Master of Public Health (BU MPH) curriculum to provide students with integrated foundational knowledge; specialized skills and training in key areas sought after by employers across industries and functions; and activities to build student's professional capabilities and confidence. The BU MPH, detailed in this article, provides an illustration of an MPH that is interdisciplinary, flexible, and adaptable to meet the changing needs of the workforce.


1520 Background: Few studies have examined the prognostic importance of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) to predict cancer incidence or cause-specific mortality following a cancer diagnosis in men. Accordingly, we examined the relationships between baseline CRF and incidence of prostate, lung, or colorectal cancer in men at Medicare age and subsequent cause-specific mortality among men diagnosed with cancer. Methods: The Cooper Center Longitudinal Study (CCLS) is a prospective observational cohort study of participants undergoing a preventive health examination including CRF assessment at the Cooper Clinic in Dallas, Texas. We studied 17,049 men with a complete CCLS medical exam and cardiovascular risk factor assessment at a mean age of 50± 9 years. Cancer incidence was defined using Medicare claims data. Cox proportional models were used to estimate the risk of adjusted primary cancer incidence and cause-specific mortality after cancer according to baseline age-specific CRF quintiles (Q). Results: The mea...


Using the econometric methods such as ADF test of unit root,Granger test of causality,the authors in this paper develop the equilibrium relationship between income and expenditure in Gansu Province rural households in past 28 years.The paper induct concocted variation when there doesn't exist obvious cointegration and establish the error correction model.


The multi-radio-access enabled mobile devices have enabled the integration of fourth generation networks with the legacy technologies. However, this integration has numerous issues for the multimedia applications, such as to smoothly continue over new connection without any service disruption during vertical handover. In this paper, we propose a State-Aware Feedback extension to Datagram Congestion Control Protocol (i.e. S-DCCP) that meets the Quality of Service (QoS) requirements of multimedia applications. We consider the mobile subscribers as roaming among heterogeneous access technologies from highly unstable to more stable access environment and model their mobility patterns as uniform, pareto and exponentially distributed. We first evaluate the performance of both types of S-DCCP i.e. S-TFRC and S-TCPLike and observe end-to-end delay and packet loss during the handover process. We develop an insight that S-TFRC maintains better QoS constraints meant for multimedia traffic for various link stability environments than S-TCPLike. We then consider transmission delay, throughput and transmission rate as performance metrics and compare the performance of S-TFRC with the standard TFRC during vertical handover. Our results show that for various mobility patterns S-TFRC is capable of providing better QoS to multimedia applications than the standard TFRC as it significantly reduces the transmission delay and provides better throughput to the multimedia applications.


Detecting road lane is one of the key processes in vision-based driving assistance system and autonomous vehicle system. The main purpose of the lane detection process is to estimate car position relative to the lane so that it can provide a warning to the driver if the car starts departing the lane. This process is useful not only to enhance safe driving but also in self-driving car system. A novel approach to lane detection method using image processing techniques is presented in this research. The method minimizes the complexity of computation by the use of prior knowledge of color, intensity and the shape of the lane marks. By using prior knowledge, the detection process requires only two different analyses which are pixel intensity analysis and color component analysis. The method starts with searching a strong pair of edges along the horizontal line of road image. Once the strong edge is detected the process continues with color analysis on pixels that lie between the edges to check whether the pixels belong to a lane or not. The process is repeated for different positions of horizontal lines covering the road image. The method was successfully tested on selected 20 road images collected from internet.


We have studied the electrochemical properties of vanadium chloride in molten salt containing AlCl3 and 1-ethyl-3methylimmidazolium chloride (EMIC) with a molar ratio of 1.5/1.0 at an ambient temperature using cyclic voltammetry and the X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES). Cyclic voltammograms (CVs) of VCl3 contain a pair of oxidation peak at about 1.5 V vs. Al/Al3+ and reduction peak at about 0.9 V vs. Al/Al3+ assigned to the V(3) V(2) reaction and a pair of oxidation peak at about 0.9 V vs. Al/Al3+ and reduction peak at about 0.4 V vs. Al/Al3+ assigned to the V(2) V(0) reaction. The former remains in the CV after reduction and oxidation cycling. On the other hand, the latter disappears from the CV after a couple of cycles. We also investigate the effect of adding fluorobenzene (FB) to the AlCl3-EMIC salts on the solubility and electrochemical properties of VCl3. FB greatly reduces the VCl3 dissolution in the salts and improves capacity retention with reduction and oxidation cycling without change in the reaction process. © The Author(s) 2016. Published by ECS. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (CC BY, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse of the work in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. [DOI: 10.1149/2.0991605jes] All rights reserved.


Green insurance is one of the effective methods to solve the problem of environmental pollution compensation through socialization of the liability risk.At present,green insurance in China is still at a primary stage and obtained some achievements.However the development of green insurance is not optimistic that a "best game no one played" embarrassing situation,which is due to the result of the green insurance subject game.The dynamic evolutionary process of the green insurance subject in two different situations by applying the evolutionary game theory is analyzed,and some conclusions are given.


hP is the ellipsoidal height given by GPS observables. HP is the orthometric height on system I NP is the geoid height Ci,0 is the potential difference between the regional datum i and the global vertical datum W0 = W0 – U0 S() is the Stokes' function  normal gravity The use of ICAGM07 geoid model for vertical datum unification on Iberia and Macaronesian islands. J. Catalao(1), M. Sevilla(2) 1) University of Lisbon, Faculty of Sciences, IDL, LATTEX, Lisbon, firstname.lastname@example.com 2) Instituto de Astronomia y Geodesia, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, firstname.lastname@example.com


Surface hybridization of TiO2 with graphite‐like carbon layers of a few molecular layers thickness yields efficient photocatalysts. Photoelectrochemical measurements confirm an electronic interaction between TiO2 and the graphite‐like carbon. A TiO2 photocatalyst with a carbon shell of three molecular layers thickness (∼1 nm) shows the highest photocatalytic activity which is about two times higher than that of Degussa P25 TiO2 under UV light irradiation. The mechanism of the enhanced photocatalytic activity under UV irradiation is based on the high migration efficiency of photoinduced electrons at the graphite‐like carbon/TiO2 interface, which is due to the electronic interaction between both materials. In addition, a high activity under visible light irradiation is observed after graphite‐like carbon hybridization. TiO2's response is extended into the visible range of the solar spectrum due to the electronic coupling of π states of the graphite‐like carbon and conduction band states of TiO2.


Despite the global economic crisis, the Republic of Mongolia is determined to move ahead in restructuring its higher education system. But, Government spending on higher education is severely limited in comparison to other regional players. Also, the quality of private higher education has yet to surpass that of the public institutions. The economy is currently too weak to support the large number of university graduates, and many are seeking employment elsewhere.


Red cells from normal human subjects were exposed to hypertonic sodium chloride solutions for varying periods of time. The cell changes commonly observed in hereditary spherocytosis were induced, including microspherocyte formation with corresponding increase in osmotic fragility. Solutions of magnesium sulphate of equal osmolarity did not produce these changes. These observations lend support to the theory that excessive sodium permeability is concerned in the pathogenesis of hereditary spherocytosis. Increased influx of sodium and water into erythrocytes leads to spherocytosis, but only increased efflux of sodium leads to irreversible microspherocytosis.


Profits determine the liquidity and solvency of the firm. They serve as the yardstick for judging the competence and efficiency of the management. Profits are essential for the purpose of financing future activities.1 An important area of management is the post-facto assessment of the financial results of the organization in retrospect and of the financial effects of earlier decisions to invest. Profit maximization is the art of making as much profit as possible for a firm. This is a slogan, which raises several questions. Over what time horizon are profits to be maximized? There is liable to be a conflict between short run and long run growth. Profit maximization is a sensible objective only if the owners are risk-neutral. There is normally a trade off to be made between risks and mean expected profits. Also, the directors or owners may have their own objectives. These range from desire for a large empire or jobs for their relatives or the concern about environment. All these have to be traded off against profit. Other things beings equal, however, businesses prefer higher profits.2 B.S.Keirstead expressed the view that profits originate from monopoly, successful innovation and a correct estimation of uncertain factors, either particular to the industry or general to the whole economy.3 CHAPTER IV


In terms of properties, advertising includes marketing and communication. Therefore, in addition to wonderful creativity, a good marketing and communication method is essential to a good advertising. At present, most of the advertising design courses in Chinese universities are design-oriented and cut off from marketing, which makes the works only have creative concepts but weak practical application values. Based on data visualization, the purpose of this study is to explore the innovative ideas and methods of teaching advertising design in the new media environment from three aspects of course concept, method and practical effect. Comparing the curriculum of advanced art colleges in the world and combining the characteristics of local art education, the paper also tries to conclude what changes will happen to the role of designers under the influence of digital technology and what the advertising will be in the future.


ABSTRACT This paper systematically analyses the research on enterprise knowledge management and digital technology. We used VOSviewer to carry out topic cluster analysis and found that current research can be divided into four topics: digital technology and customer knowledge management; application dilemma and problems of digital technology in knowledge management; digital transformation of organizational knowledge management; and the influence of digital technology on knowledge management. In addition, we summarize the application research framework of digital technology in enterprise knowledge management, including antecedents, results and impact paths.


This paper is an examination of elite forces in Australia and the processes by which they exercise influence over public policy. Gramscian notions of hegemony will be employed as a theoretical lens to view contemporary episodes in capital history. Specifically, the paper will argue that an Australian ruling class has created a social environment in which its aims become those of the state. Essentially, using a Gramscian framework, this paper will explore ruling class hegemony in the realm of federal government policy. A general discussion of the historical rise of neoliberalism in Australia is followed by an analysis of the basis of ruling class power. The aim here is to establish a link between neoliberal economic reforms and ruling class power. In essence, the rise of neoliberalism has accommodated ruling class hegemony. In accordance with R. W. Connell's idea of 'ruling class mobilisation', the paper argues that recent changes in industrial relations can be perceived as examples of contemporary ruling class mobilisation. The WorkChoices reforms legislated by the Howard coalition government are portrayed as one manifestation of ruling class hegemony. Moreover, the Business Council of Australia will be examined in relation to the controversial WorkChoices legislation. The paper argues that the Business Council is an accurate indicator of ruling class motives due to its exclusive membership. Self admittedly, the Business Council represents the wealthiest companies in Australia. Therefore, the paper argues that the policy agenda of the Business Council is indicative of ruling class objectives. In this context, the paper essentially argues that an elite economic class indirectly rules politically.


For most interventional radiologists, a successful specialty practice would be one in which we can devote nearly 100% of our time to medical work and in which appropriate procedures are done expeditiously. By doing particular procedures often, we improve the results and reduce the complication rate, as is true of any other technique requiring specialized skills such as cardiac catheterization or coronary artery bypass. The establishment of a successful interventional practice resembles the development of a surgical practice more than it does that of a conventional radiology one and requires the overcoming of many obstacles. The following discussion will focus on problem areas and provide recommendations for action. Because the end result is dependent on the skills, commitment, and personality of the interventional radiologist, objectives and solutions may differ with specific practice environments. The concepts presented here are based on common threads observed in the authors' practice, as well as in successful practices throughout the country in both academic and community hospital settings. PRELIMINARY POINTS


Microencapsulation protects different bioactive compounds (anthocyanins) from environmental factors, increasing their half-life.  In this study, the extraction and microencapsulation conditions for purple cabbage anthocyanins were determined, in addition to stability of the natural pigment obtained in a fermented milk beverage.  Scalded was used for enzymatic inactivation in purple cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. ssp. Capitata f. Rubra) leaves, the extraction of bioactive compounds was carried out using green technologies (microwaves), concentrating the anthocyanin solution and mixing with wall materials such as maltodextrin, inulin and gum arabic for microencapsulation and addition to fermented milk beverage.  The color stability was determined for 8 days; the ΔE of the beverage was slightly perceptible by the human eye.  The concentration of anthocyanins was 199 mg/L with a solution of water and 2% acidified ethyl alcohol at 880 W of power for 90 s; the best drying performance was 58.9%.


This is the eighth and largest volume in the series Britain & Japan: Biographical Portraits published on behalf of The Japan Society, London. It contains essays from forty contributors relating to fifty-two portraits of personalities who have been influential in political, official and cultural relations between the two countries from the time of the Meiji Restoration to the present day.


Aim. Determination of the effectiveness of the improved method of sphincterotomy in choledocholithiasis, called radial sphincterotomy. Methods. Analyzed were results of 38 operations performed by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in patients with a diagnosis of choledocholithiasis. In the first group (23 patients) performed a standard sphincterotomy, in the second group - radial sphincterotomy. 21 patients of the first group had gallstones up to 20 mm, 2 patients - more than 20 mm; in 6 patients (out of 15) of a second group gallstones sizes exceeded 20 mm, the other patients had stones sizes 15-20 mm. Results. The technique developed radial sphincterotomy allows multiple incisions towards 11, 12 and 13 hour clock directions. Thus, the main incision can be made to the transverse folds, and other radial incisions should be carried out below it, not going beyond the proposed location of the intramural common bile duct. Anatomical and mathematical justifications of the method of radial sphincterotomy were presented. Depending on the cut and shape of papillae, the severity of the upper transverse folds defining a safe distance from the hole until it papillae, performed lateral radial incisions, thereby achieving an increase of sphincterotomy cut altogether. Neither group registered death. In 2 (8.7%) patients of the first group bleeding occurred during the procedure, after the operation pancreatitis has developed in 1 (4.3%) patients in first group and in 1 (6.7%) patients in the second group. Conclusion. The proposed technique of radial sphincterotomy is a safe way to increase the area of dissected papillae to provide high efficiency for removal of large gallstones.


We measure the roughness exponent for fracture profiles in the two-dimensional central force lattice model using different measurement methods. We find that the profiles are self-affine for a system with narrow disorders and that broader disorders introduces overhangs in the fracture surface leading to deviation from self-affinity for small length scales and to nontrivial finite size scaling.


Real-world networks are often organized as modules or communities of similar nodes that serve as functional units. These networks are also rich in content, with nodes having distinguished features or attributes. In order to discover a network's modular structure, it is necessary to take into account not only its links but also node attributes. We describe an information-theoretic method that identifies modules by compressing descriptions of information flow on a network. Our formulation introduces node content into the description of information flow, which we then minimize to discover groups of nodes with similar attributes that also tend to trap the flow of information. The method is conceptually simple and does not require ad-hoc parameters to specify the number of modules or to control the relative contribution of links and node attributes to network structure. We apply the proposed method to partition real-world networks with known community structure. We demonstrate that adding node attributes helps recover the underlying community structure in content-rich networks more effectively than using links alone. In addition, we show that our method is faster and more accurate than alternative state-of-the-art algorithms.


A research project is being presented aimed at the development of a system of methods that in the future will make it both safe and practical to perform telerobotic surgery. To mitigate the effects of the physically unavoidable delay we propose a telepresence system framework, which is to have the surgeon operate through a simulator running in real-time enhanced with an intelligent controller to provide the safety and efficiency of an operation. Three major research areas must be explored in order to ensure achieving the objectives of our project. They are: simulator as a predictor, image processing, and intelligent control. Each is equally necessary for success of the project. These are diverse, interdisciplinary areas of investigation, thereby requiring a highly coordinated effort by all the members of development team, to ensure an integrated system.


Compressive sensing(CS) has been exploited for hype-spectral image(HSI) compression in recent years. Though it can greatly reduce the costs of computation and storage, the reconstruction of HSI from a few linear measurements is challenging. The underlying sparsity of HSI is crucial to improve the reconstruction accuracy. However, the sparsity of HSI is unknown in reality and varied with different noise, which makes the sparsity estimation difficult. To address this problem, a novel reweighted Laplace prior based hyperspectral compressive sensing method is proposed in this study. First, the reweighted Laplace prior is proposed to model the distribution of sparsity in HSI. Second, the latent variable Bayes model is employed to learn the optimal configuration of the reweighted Laplace prior from the measurements. The model unifies signal recovery, prior learning and noise estimation into a variational framework to infer the parameters automatically. The learned sparsity prior can represent the underlying structure of the sparse signal very well and is adaptive to the unknown noise, which improves the reconstruction accuracy of HSI. The experimental results on three hyperspectral datasets demonstrate the proposed method outperforms several state-of-the-art hyperspectral CS methods on the reconstruction accuracy.


Two synthetic routes for the preparation of 5-amino-1,3,6-trinitro-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2(3H)-one (2) as an energetic material have been revealed. Direct nitration of 5-amino-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2(3H)-one (1) gave the trinitrated compound 2 in a poor yield of 11%; and similarly using 1 as starting material, 2 was obtained by N-protected reaction, nitration, deprotection and again nitration reaction with an overall-yield of 48%. All structures of 2 and relevant compounds were determined by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR spectroscopy, MS and elemental analysis. Theoretical calculations showed that the detonation properties of compound 2 (D = 7.78 km s−1, P = 27.05 GPa) were satisfactory, compared with 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT, D = 7.21 km s−1, P = 22.49 GPa).


According to Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) hypervariable region between 16 S rRNA and 23 S rRNA, a pair of primers was designed. The MG DNA fragment 899 bp in length was specifically amplified by means of using the primers. The PCR product was analysed by the restriction fragment length (polymorphism) (RFLP) method. The results indicated that the RFLP patterns of the amplified fragment were different. The current study may play important role in MG epidemiological investigation in Guangxi Region.


The l.ongitudinul and lateral-directW dynumic-reqxww ch4zracte7i8ticsof a 36° 8wepM0ing fighter-type airplane determindfrm$ight me4wremenl.8arepre8entedand compared wilh predictbns based on th-wetkal studia and w-ina%nnel duta. Flights were made at an altitude of 36,000 feet covering the Mach number range of 0.60 to 1.04. A limited amount oj lateral-directional duta were do obtmhd at '1O,OOOfeet. The$iglds con.siatid@8entiaUyof recordi~ trami-entreqonses to pilot-applied pulied motti oj each of the three prima~ control 8urjace8. l'lwxe transient data were converted into jrequenqprespon.seform by means of theFoun2r trmwforrnation and compared ui!h predicted re4ponae8 caikulutedj%m the lla.siceguaiiorulof ?nQt&7n. The eguu.tions, or tnmwferfwnci%n.s, that bed dk.wribeh oati mw.red rapomwc wereecaluaied by a cwrve$t.ti.ngproce88 involving the use of t@npluttx and an an&g computer. By thismet@d ii wa generaJly po88ible tojind equutions, of .$impleform, that closely matched the ezperimentu-lfiequency reqxmxe-cbetween1 ad 10 Tadi.mw per 8econd ami at i!lw8ame time adequa.t.dyciixcribed & recoro2dtin-whtitoria. ExperinwntaUy determined tramfer functions G-ire used for tlw evaktion of the 8tab'i@ O?erivatiw tit h4Lvei%+? gmtest e~ect on the dynamic recponae of the airplmw. The vakx of these derivutiws, in mostcam-v,agreedfavorably &th predictti over theMach numberrange of the te8t.


Pyrazole possesses pharmacological activities such as antidepressant agent e.g.fezolamide, analgesic e.g.betazole, a H2-receptor agonist e.g.celecoxib, difenamizole, the anti-obesity drug e.g..rimonabant, So the pyrazole nucleus attract attention of researchers to study biologically and chemically skeleton of pyrazole nucleus, this review show pharmacological activity ,synthesis and biological activity of heterocyclic compounds containing pyrazole nucleus ..


Green growth strategies need attention to various aspects that can support strategy implementation. Green growth is environmentally friendly economic growth aimed at alleviating poverty along with the reduced availability of natural resources and climate change


Roguing for the control of mosaic in red raspberry plantings has been carried on by the Minnesota nursery inspection service for the past three years. Approximately 125 acres were inspected and rogued in 1925 and about 175 acres in 1926. Each individual bush was inspected two or more times each year. Very careful counts were made during the roguing operations. The data obtained show that the amount of mosaic is steadily decreasing. Even with those varieties in which mosaic was most prevalent in 1923 the disease has been reduced to a very low percentage. A number of plantings now appear to be entirely free from infection. Roguing for the control of mosaic in red raspberry plantings seems to be entirely practicable.


The present work introduces an emotional tracking system to monitor Shopping Experience at different touchpoints in a retail store, based on the elaboration of the information extracted from biometric data and facial expressions. A preliminary test has been carried out to determine the system effectiveness in a real context regarding to emotion detection and customers' sex, age and ethnicity discrimination. To this end, information provided by the system have been compare with the results of a traditional video analysis. Results suggest that the proposed system can be effectively used to support the analysis of customer experience in a retail context.


In this article, the prospects and risks of the development of the Japanese cryptocurrencies are discussed. Japan has the most progressive regulating climate in the world for cryptocurrencies. The land of the rising sun is the homeland of a large base of investors of cryptocurrency and users. In 2018 Japan was the second or third largest economy in the world for bitcoin. Averages of the Japanese yen of 11 per cent of the global trading volume for BTC, keeping it a nostril in a nostril with South Korean won for global trade domination after the USA dollar. For the country only 127 million people of 11 per cent of the global trading volume — influence is more than usual size per capita on the crypto industry.


This workshop was a half-day event hosted at the University of Southampton, with the focus of the event being the use of AI in materials discovery and innovation. The event was structured with an introductory talk followed by 5 keynote sessions from experts in the materials field. These talks were separated by a coffee break giving participants time to network. This workshop is one in a series of events hosted by the AI3SD Network designed to provide a platform for discussion, innovation and collaboration for using AI in scientific discovery. The events bring together researchers and experts to disseminate knowledge and allow new connections to flourish.


Pinon pines dominate millions of hectares in western North America, but the role of rodents as consumers and dispersers of seeds has been virtually ignored. Here I report the results of a 2-year study on the influence of four seed-caching rodents ( Perognathus parvus, Di-podomys panamintinus, Peromyscus truei , and Peromyscus maniculatus ) on the dispersal of singleleaf pinon pine ( Pinus monophylla ) in western Nevada. During the moderate seed crop of autumn 1993, 11% of the edible pinon seeds fell to the ground, and, during the heavy seed crop of autumn 1994, 57% of the seeds fell. Rodents gathered ca. 80% of the seeds experimentally placed on the ground below trees. Half-lives of seeds (a measure of seed-removal rates) placed below productive pinon pines was 6.6 h in autumn 1993 and 18.6 h in autumn 1994. When 200 radioactively labeled seeds were placed under each of five "source trees," rodents quickly removed many and cached most of the seeds they removed. At two of the source trees, rodents stored nearly all seeds in their burrow larders. At the other three source trees, rodents scatter hoarded many of the seeds, with most seeds buried 3–29 mm deep. Dispersal distances of scatter-hoarded seeds ranged up to 38.6 m, and 36% of the caches were found under shrubs. During summer 1995, 69% of established seedlings occurred under shrubs, which served nurse plants for young pines. Although pinon pines appear to be coevolved or coadapted with corvid (jay and nutcracker) seed dispersers, rodents also serve as important agents of seed dispersal.


As an internal medicine authority,Professor WANG Qi Specializes in treating a variety of difficult and complicated diseases and various male genital system diseases.Also,he has unique experiences in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia.Professor Wang emphasize blood stasis in pathogenesis and the fundamental principle of treatment is activating blood and resolving stasis.As for the treatment,besides the flexible application of classical formulas,famous formulas and mostly make one recipe modified based on differentiation of syndrome,at the selection of herbs,Professor Wang is good at exerting the characteristic of certain herbs,


The invention relates to a benzothiophene carbazole type derivative, a preparation method of the benzothiophene carbazole type derivative and an organic luminous device thereof, and belongs to the technical field of an electroluminescence material. The structural formula of the benzothiophene carbazole type derivative is shown by the formula (I) as the accompanying drawing, wherein R is substituted or non-substituted C1-C60 alkyl, substituted or non-substituted C6-C60 aryl, substituted or non-substituted C5-C60 condensed ring groups or substituted or non-substituted C5-C60 heterocyclic radicals. The invention also provides the preparation method of the benzothiophene carbazole type derivative. Reactants take Suzuki reaction to obtain the benzothiophene carbazole type derivative. The organic luminous device prepared from the benzothiophene carbazole type derivative provided by the invention has the advantages of high luminous efficiency and long service life. The preparation method of the benzothiophene carbazole type derivative provided by the invention has the advantages that the raw materials can be easily obtained; the preparation method is simple; the industrialization is easy.


Foreword, Christina Patterson, The Poetry Society. Editor's Introduction, Fiona Sampson, Oxford Brookes University. PART ONE: The Range of Creative Writing in Health and Social Care. Introduction: A Writer's Field, Paul Munden, National Association of Writers in Education. 1. Communicating Existential Issues through Reading Poetry: A Project in a Swedish Hospice, Inger Eriksson, University of Lund. 2. "It is Mine! It is Mine!": Writing and Dementia, John Killick, University of Stirling. 3. "Mission Impossible": Storymaking with Disabled Children Attending Integrated Clubs in Macedonia, Aleksandar Prokopiev, University of Sts Cyril and Methodius, Skopje. 4. Writing as Therapeutic Practice: Students, Teachers, Writers, Maureen Freely, University of Warwick. 5. A Case Study: The Kingfisher Project, Graham Hartill, freelance practitioner Jill Lowe and Catherine Sandbrook, Salisbury Arts Centre Sam Moran, Upstarts Sister Maria Purse, Salisbury Palliative Care Emma Ryder-Richardson, Artcare Fiona Sampson. PART TWO: Thinking Through Practice. Introduction: A Providers' Experience, Sue Stewart, Write2B. 6. Writing, Education and Therapy: Literature in the Training of Clinicians, Robin Downie, University of Glasgow. 7. Fragile Space: Therapeutic Relationship and the Word, Rose Flint, freelance practitioner. 8. Writing and Reflexivity: Training to Facilitate Writing for Personal Development, Celia Hunt, University of Sussex. 9. Any-angled Light: Diversity and Inclusion Through Teaching Poetry in Health and Social Care, Dominic Mcloughlin, Lapidus. 10. Notes Towards a Therapeutic Use for Creative Writing in Occupational Therapy, Nick Pollard, Sheffield Hallam University. 11. Evaluating Creative Writing in Health and Social Care: Some Principles, Fiona Sampson. References. Index.


The handling speed of loading and unloading containers at the port is one
of service to the container ship that docked at the wharf. To support this, Tanjung
Emas Port has a special terminal to handle containers since 2001. The data since
2001 untul 2010 indicate that the flow of containers through Semarang Container
Terminal (SCT) have increased each year trend So is the average dimensions of
ships calls. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the SCT master plan againts
the existing of container flow and ships calls and to analyze SCT master plan that
meets the needs up to 2030.
The research was conducted by evaluating the existing condition based on
standards and the need facilities based on container flow and ships calls.
Regression method was conducted to predict container flow and ships calls whose
results are used to determine the development SCT master plan until 2030.
The results of study show that the existing conditions of loading and
unloading equipment, wharf, CFS warehouse, exports container yard (CY 01 and
CY 05), and dangerous goods containers yard (CY 02) still meet the needs until
2030. The need for deep and wide of navigation channel, and the depth of port
pool already exceeds the existing condition. The depth of navigation channel and
port pool should be deepened to 13 m and 12 m. The wide of navigation channel
should be widened to 146 m. The need for reefer container yard at CY 01,
behandle and ex-behandle container yard (CY 03 and CY 04), and empty
container yard (CY 06) has exceeded existing conditions. The space for reefer
containers is expanded up to 4570 m2. The excess of behandle and empty
container is placed at the CY 01 imports. In 2016, the needs of CY 01 imports
area will exceed the existing area. CY 01 import expansion is done by adding a
block or 9182 m2 in 2015. The needs for an empty container yard is predicted to
be less than CY 04 area in 2022, so that empty containers can be placed on the
CY 04 and container ex-behandle in CY 06 in that year


The need to transfer climate mitigation technologies towards the developing world has been acknowledged since the beginning of climate negotiations. Little progress has however been made, as shown by Article 10 of the Paris Agreement. One reason is that these technologies could become vital assets to compete on global markets. This paper presents a partial equilibrium model with two regions, the North and the South, and imperfect competition in the international polluting goods market, to analyze the North's incentives to accept technology transfer. Results crucially depend on the existence of environmental cooperation. When both northern and southern governments set emission quotas non-cooperatively, inducing fewer global emissions is a necessary, but not sufficient condition for the North to accept the transfer. In contrast, when governments set quotas cooperatively, the North has no incentive to share its technology either before or after the agreement. Technology transfer commitments may be included in the agreement, but with no effect on global emissions and global surplus. The only impacts are distributional, technology transfers and side payments may be substitute instruments.


Two-equation turbulence transport model is employed to estimate the eddy viscosity in the numerical 2-DH modelling of wave-induced currents. The numerical model system of waves, currents and turbulences is set up using finite difference techniques, and when using the refined kinetic turbulence energy transport model as a closure to describe the turbulence mixing processes the whole computation scheme is found to be more stable and to give better solution in comparison with laboratory data than using a direct relation for the eddy viscosity.


Radiographic images are used in the characterization of Internal Confinement Fusion targets and target components. The use of this technique involves consideration of: (1) the continuum and line emission source spectra produced by a tungsten anode, (2) the attenuation of the source spectrum by material in the x-ray path, and (3) the response of the x-ray detector, a Kodak HRP (High Resolution Plate), to the incident x-ray flux. 5 refs., 4 figs.


Presented on November 8, 2016 at 1:30 p.m. in the Molecular Science and Engineering Building (MSE), Room 1201A at Georgia Tech.


A network of gravity base stations in the Mississippi Embayment was repeatedly occupied, beginning in November 1975, although the majority of the occupations were between Sepember 1976 and September 1978. Variations in the gravitational difference between most pairs of stations has a standard deviation of 15 ..mu..Gal and may be attributed to random error. However, the gravitational difference between three station pairs exhibited a temporal change of approximately 45 ..mu..Gal between the July and November 1977 surveys, while the difference between three other pairs changed by smaller and less statistically significant amounts. Neither observed changes in groundwater elevation nor regional tectonic activity, as indicated by seismicity, can explain the observed variations. The most probable source is a localized change in elevation caused by the surface loading associated with changes in stage of the Mississippi River.


The mate-receptivity behavior and reproductive capacity of singleand multiple-mated females of a predacious mite, Amblyseius womersleyi, were examined. Although most females rejected a second mating within one day after the first mating (1 day later), they accepted it towards the end of the oviposition period (10 days later). Females that had experienced full copulation twice produced significantly more eggs than those that had mated only once. All females that had copulated with a sterile male which had lost its ability to fertilize a female following a series of multiple matings, showed a positive response toward the second copulation on the next day. These results suggest that acquisition of sperm or seminal fluids is probably a critical factor for mating receptivity and that multiple matings are required in order to reach the full reproductive capacity for A. womersleyi females.


The kinetic of the hydroxyl radical is studied in N 2 /O 2 /H 2 O mixtures with small amounts of acetone or isopropyl alcohol (0.5%). The radical density is measured in absolute value in the afterglow of a photo-triggered discharge, which generates an homogeneous transient non-equilibrium plasma, using a time resolved absorption measurement method. For dry mixtures, experimental results are compared to predictions of a self-consistent 0D discharge and kinetic model. It is shown that dissociation of the VOCs through quenching collisions of nitrogen metastable states plays an important role in the production of OH. Measurements can not be explained looking only at the oxidation of acetone or IPA by the oxygen atom. This result is reinforced by experimental results about the OH density in wet mixtures, with or without VOCs, compared to dry ones.


Land in pastoral communities is considered a highly valuable entity, as it is not just a means of livelihood, but also a source of wealth, identity, social peace and a source of conflict. This implies that lack of access to land does not only d eprive rural people from the major source of their livelihood, but it also threatens their exist ence as human beings. Historical evidence shows that pastoral communities adapted themselves to the harsh nature and created symbiotic harmony with both the social and ecological milieus. Recent ly, most pastoral areas especially in Africa have witnessed severe conflicts and bloodshed. This is attributed to several factors such as high population growth rates, repeated droughts, ecologi cal stresses and climatic changes. Although not denying its role, this article questions the va lidity of such claims. Under the pretext of "development", pastoral lands have been taken and v ested to outside investors, without taking into account the historical right of local communit ies and their livelihood interests. Unequal access to land remains one of the fundamental cause s that contributed to the grievance and protracted conflict in the area. This article focus es on the insecurity of land rights and its association with pastoral conflict in the Gedarif s tate in eastern Sudan. The study also aims to go beyond degradation to investigate the role of the s tate in creating land resource scarcity and thus fuelling conflict. For years, much has been written on the conflict in Darfur and its relation to ecological degradation. Hence, filling the existing lack of literature on the east, although facing the same situations, and conceptualizing the proble m in the perspective of political economy, is one of the main contributions of this article.


The 1990s and the first half of the 2000s have seen a proliferation of popular music scholarship. The field has expanded from a motley band of rogue scholars fighting for institutional legitimacy to an emerging discipline featuring prominent scholars spanning many disciplines including cultural studies, sociology, history, ethnic studies, women studies, communication, music, and journalism to name a few. Previously, the most prominent existing reader devoted to popular music was Frith and Goodwin's (1990) canonical collection, On Record . The editors of The Popular Music Studies Reader (2006) have compiled a collection of forty-three excerpts from key works published in the fifteen years since On Record , in hopes of addressing the vast array of scholarship that has flourished since the early nineties. In the introduction, the editors state that ''it is the rapid expansion in the range of topics now researched and taught under the rubric of popular music studies that provides the rationale for this volume'' (p. 6). The editors successfully map the complicated terrain of contemporary popular music studies, and offer a variety of methodologies and viewpoints. However, in order to preserve space for the large number of essays in the volume, the theoretical frameworks of the various authors are often severely reduced by editing the essays to a more easily digestible length. In this review essay, I briefly map the enormous terrain that the collection of essays attempts to cover. I begin by isolating the rupture that the editors cite as justification for the reader's publication. From there, I outline the major themes of the book while acknowledging the breadth of the authors who comprise the reader in terms of their