In the storybook entitled "Piggy Bank" by Intan Hestika Dhesi Ariani, children's self-confidence fosters a sense of pride in their homemade work. This children's story book entitled the chicken piggy bank, which will be examined, contains a character that is confident and proud of their own work. It is on page 12, where a group of children are trying to make a chicken piggy bank by following some directions from an adult. Then after the piggy bank is finished they are confident and proud of their own work. This research uses textual analysis methods. This book is very useful in order to foster a sense of pride in their own work in early childhood.


Pyogenic granuloma is a non‑neoplastic, tumor like growth (inflammatory hyperplasia) affecting skin and oral mucosa. These lesions appear in the mouth due to physical trauma, hormonal factors etc. They attain various clinical and histological forms in the oral cavity. This article presents four case reports of pyogenic granuloma of the gingiva including their management, histopathological features and highlight why the term "pyogenic granuloma" is a misnomer.


Based on the introduction of the world's main five cutting flowers such as gladiolus,rosa,dendranthema,dianthus and gerbera's morphological characteristics and ecological habits,the protected commercial cultivation technologies from the reproduction methods,cultivation and management,flowering control,pest control and commercial treatment aspects of these cutting flowers were illustrated.


This critical review covers the use of carbon nano-onion (CNO) based materials for electrochemical capacitor (EC) electrodes. The performance of CNO capacitors is reviewed in detail and compared to the results obtained using different carbon nanostructures. The physico-chemical vs. electrochemical properties of CNOs are discussed. Their advantages, challenges and applications, especially in EC electrodes, are discussed in detail through an extensive analysis of the literature. Exohedral carbon nano-onions are much less limited by mass transfer kinetics; they show low resistance and can operate over a wide voltage and temperature window, at very high charge–discharge rates with almost unlimited cyclabilities. Although carbon nano-onions make excellent supercapacitor electrode materials, many challenges still remain, particularly to characterize and understand the physical, chemical, and electrochemical interactions within multicomponent systems that contain CNOs. The full potential of carbon nano-onions as electrochemical power sources has not been realized yet, but as outlined in this review, the future looks very promising.


Hoek & Gendall (1993) proposed a new method to predict voting behaviour by asking people to rate their probability of voting for different parties in an election, rather than asking them to choose the party for whom they would vote. Having used a similar scaling method for predicting people's behaviour in other contexts, we decided to explore the use of this method further in telephone polls (Flannelly & McLeod 1991; Flannelly et al .1992; McLeod, Flannelly & Henderson 1988).


Using data collected from 1,987 employees at several locations of a large firm, this study investigates relationships between these employees' cognitive and attitudinal perceptions of an employee assistance program (EAP) and their propensity to use it. Familiarity with the program, perceived accessibility of it, and perceived managerial support for it are hypothesized to affect both employees' confidence in the program and their propensity to use it, and confidence in the EAP is further hypothesized to affect propensity to use. LISREL analysis supported the overall model, but the direct paths from the cognitive variables to propensity to use were not supported and confidence in the program was therefore indicated to be an essential mediating variable. Propensity to use an EAP is argued to be an important indicator of effective EAP implementation and suggestions are offered to management for promoting employee confidence in an EAP and ultimately their propensity to use it.


The use of the general purpose analogue computer in bio-medical research is examined and illustrated by examples from its past history. Its present-day role is considered in the light of increasing digital facilities and an example is given of current methods of use at the National Institute for Medical Research.


Every physician interprets manifestations of illness. Osler, more than anyone, was the first to move medical practice beyond the level of a trade and give it an intellectual foundation and language. Osler interpreted the manifestations of disease with a vocabulary of signs and symptoms that gave


Presents a robust trajectory/force controller for non-redundant rigid manipulators designed using sliding-mode and adaptive control techniques. Sliding-mode control is used to take care of the uncertain robot dynamics, whereas adaptive control is used to estimate the unknown environment stiffness. Experimental results show that trajectory tracking and force regulation are achieved with bounded errors. The paper assumes known location and geometry of the environment.


In the following work we propose a new technique for combing two complementary geodetic data sets: Differential Synthetic Aperture Radar (DInSAR) and Global Positioning System (GPS). This technique is based on analytical optimization of the Gibbs energy function which is constructed for the case when neighboring points on the ground are considered independent. In this case the energy function can be greatly simplified and the solution can be found by the inversion of a set of three linear equations. The first part of this work presents the results of the computer simulations which were undertaken in order to estimate the accuracy of the technique. In Chapter 2, a three-dimensional velocity field was reconstructed from synthetic, sparse GPS observations and two differential InSAR interferograms (ascending and descending). The improvement in accuracy of the optimized velocity field was significantly greater than for other similar known techniques, while at the same time the computational time was significantly lower (minutes in comparison to days). In Chapter 3, this DInSAR-GPS optimization technique is used to investigate the velocity field of the southern California region near Los Angeles. The GPS data from SCIGN and one DInSAR interferogram were used to perform the optimization. The results of the optimization revealed a strong shortening effect across the region with the high degree of accuracy. Also a few areas of subsidence due to groundwater extraction were confirmed as has been suggested by previous


Using information technology to create teaching context to stimulate students' learning desire is one of the effects resulting from the in-depth combination between information technology and teaching. The online teaching materials not only enable students driven by tasks to complete the teaching objectives autonomously,making them to appreciate,participate in,generate and experience studies,but also establishes a learning platform for students to improve their ability to solve problems.


The subject of this master thesis is the virtual reconstruction of the destroyed and nowadays non-existing orthodox synagogue in Schlossstraße (Zámocká Ulica) in Bratislava. The temple was built in 1862-1863 by architect Ignaz Feigler d. J. and was destroyed by the Nationalsocialists during the progoms in 1938. The synagogue, situated at the Schlossberg, survived the war in a rather bad condition and has been completely demolished in 1961. Today there are no signs of the previous existence of the building left. The aim of this thesis is the virtual reconstruction of this once monumental synagogue with its hundreds of seatings. The fact, that just two floor plans of an expansion in the late 1920s exist today shows, that the reconstruction was mainly possible due to photographs, which were taken just before the actual demolishion, and very few descriptions in books. The main contact for the research was the Jewish Community in Bratislava (ŽNO Bratislava), who had already searched for and provided most of the documents from different archives. The goal of the theoretical part is the scientific documentation of the project and serves as a possibility to support upcoming projects with similar aims. D ie a pp ro bi er te g ed ru ck te O rig in al ve rs io n di es er D ip lo m ar be it is t a n de r T U W ie n B ib lio th ek v er fü gb ar . T he a pp ro ve d or ig in al v er si on o f t hi s th es is is a va ila bl e in p rin t a t T U W ie n B ib lio th ek . D ie a pp ro bi er te g ed ru ck te O rig in al ve rs io n di es er D ip lo m ar be it is t a n de r T U W ie n B ib lio th ek v er fü gb ar . T he a pp ro ve d or ig in al v er si on o f t hi s th es is is a va ila bl e in p rin t a t T U W ie n B ib lio th ek . Inhaltsverzeichnis


Experimental investigations of velocity measurements were performed on three vane anemometers in steady variable-density flows. Measurements of velocity variations as a function of flow temperature, pressure, and humidity have been collected by an electronic vane anemometer (EVA), a rotating vane anemometer (RVA), and a deflecting vane anemometer (DVA). The study aimed at measuring the effects of density changes on velocity measurements taken by the three anemometers and determining how well the available theoretical models correspond to the corrections produced by experimental data. The results indicate significant effects of temperature and pressure on the velocity measurements acquired by the three anemometers. In general, the humidity effects are small and therefore are of minor influence on the response of all vane anemometers. The collected data were compared with the theoretical predictions addressed in the first phase of ASHRAE Research Project RP-698. For the propeller and revolving vane anemometers (EVA and RVA), the theoretical and experimental corrections are in close agreement. However, the experimental measurements indicate that the DVA experimental corrections deviate considerably from the corresponding theoretical predictions. This paper may serve as a reference on the correction of velocity measurements acquired by commonly used vane anemometers where flow test conditions of temperature,more » pressure, humidity, and/or density deviate from standard values.« less


In this paper we prove that there is a natural dynamically defined homeomorphism between the parabolic Mandelbrot set M1 and the Mandelbrot set M, as it was conjectured by J. Milnor in '93.


Controversy surrounds the birth of delusions. Most theorists agree on the first step, that delusions arise in the context of a delusional mood, an emotionally aroused state that makes the person hyperalert to threat.1 After that, some assume perception goes awry-something misheard or misperceived giving rise to increasing emotional upheaval and misinterpretation. Others believe that cognitive processes are dismpted first, setting in motion various interpersonal behaviours that reinforce originally tenuous mistaken beliefs.2,3 The nature of the original stimulus that sets the misperceptions or misconstruals going lias not been given much attention. It has been seen as unimportant. In this Perspective, I make the assumption that the original stimulus has to be one that inherently lends itself to numerous possible interpretations. In the case example, it is the colour red. Psychiatrists are not present when a delusion is first bom, thus we have to reconstruct the series of events that lead to delusion as best we can, working backwards, relying on what patients choose to tell us. The example that I use as illustration is loosely based on my experience with a former patient, now deceased. Identifying information lias been changed. The purpose of this communication is to identify the stages of delusion formation: the emotional matrix, the provocative stimulus, the perception, the interpretation, the reinforcement, and the full-blown delusion.On her first visit, a patient said to me: "You can't wear red. If you wear red, I won't come back." She was 45, lived alone, and had been diagnosed with schizophrenia at age 28. She was firmly against taking medication because, she said, she needed to have her wits about her: "they" were trying to force her into sexual relations. They whispered orders of this nature outside her window and left various related ciphers and signs around her bedroom. The identity of the "they" was unclear to me, but was associated in a peripheral way with a boyfriend of long ago. Based on her earlier excellence in academic work, this patient had received tenure in the Department of History at a local college, which meant a regular income. However, she was not allowed to teach because of the disruptions she caused among staff and students whenever she came on campus. As a result, she worked on her own research from home, and published in scholarly journals; her academic area was the mythology of ancient Egypt.I asked her to elaborate on her aversion to red. Because of the nature of her delusion, I suspected that red clothes were associated in her mind with red-light districts and that, by wearing red, I was crossing over to the "theys" who plotted to turn her into a sexual degenerate. I mentioned this to her. She responded, "I don't want to talk about it"; thus the subject was closed. One day, I inadvertently wore a red blouse and she walked out of the office. I never saw her again, although we stayed in touch for many years over email because she repeatedly asked for help to find new psychiatrists. She needed a psychiatrist to sign her forms so that she could continue receiving her university pension. Very recently, I heard that she had died, which made me think again about the colour red as a trigger, a delusional stimulus.Red as the TriggerAs the patient was either offended or frightened or angered by the colour red, was it possible that, in her 20s, when emotionally upset as a result, perhaps, of a relationship gone wrong, the sight of the colour red had jump-started her delusion? Red is fertile ground for the growing of a delusion. It is generally acknowledged to be a stimulating colour, heightening any underlying aroused state. Kurt Goldstein noticed nearly 75 years ago that patients prone to psychosis were especially sensitive to the effects in their surroundings of stimulating colours, such as red.4Is there something about red that is inherently stimulating? In about 10% of primate species, females call attention to their fertile periods by bright red sexual swellings around their buttocks and vulva. …


To plan new bus routes in suburban areas, expected bus running times on these routes are needed. Using most readily available relevant variables, a regression model is developed for estimating bus running times. The model is conceptually reasonable and it was tested using data other than that used for estimation.


Beatrice Grimshaw, an Irish writer and tourist promoter, collected indigenous body parts as touristic souvenirs. Although Grimshaw bought and stole various physiological remnants, I focus on a head which she purchased on Papua's Sepik River in 1923. Grimshaw's acquisition is discussed in relation to body parts and modernist fragmentation – that sense of centripetal anarchy and discontinuity that was so prevalent during much of the 19th and early 20th centuries. Buying indigenous body parts was an attempt to project not only the desire for/fear of death, but also feelings of psychical/physical disunity onto the Other. The Other as the site of brokenness, death, horizontality confirms the self as a breathing, unified, vertical whole. The head as souvenir, however, is a slippery presence. It incorporates a mobility that the white colonial tourist can never fully shackle. As is stated from the outset, the framework within which this paper has been researched and written is the current Iraq War, a situation that illustrates all too clearly the abject lack of cultural change vis-À-vis the body of the indigenous Other in extreme forms of tourism, the colonial tourism of the early 20th century and the military tourism of the 21st.


The aim of this investigation is to define Orlicz Besov spaces ,study their interpolation theorems and give a characterization of Orlicz Besov spaces with best nth degree trigonometric polynomial approximation.


Abstract: The present study investigates the influence of bacteria on varying binder constituents to enhance the workability, strength, and microstructure properties of self-consolidating geopolymer concrete (SCGC). Geopolymer concrete is a sustainable alternative to conventional cement-based concrete, as it utilizes industrial by-products and reduces carbon emissions. The bacterial strains, known for their ability to promote mineral precipitation and improve concrete properties, are introduced in varying proportions to the geopolymer binder constituents. The goal of this experimental investigation is to better understand how Bacillus Cohnii bacteria affect the workability and strength of alkali-activated Self-consolidating Concrete (SCC) mix compositions. Three mix formulations with variable binder contents in the range of 400 kg/m3 and 450 kg/m3 were the subject of experimental research. This research work aims on investigating various binder constituents on Strength, Workability and Microstructure. Three different SCGC mixes were prepared by varying the percentage fly ash and Alcofine in range of 0%, 10%, 30% and 0%, 5%, 5% to the quantity of GGBFS respectively. Alcofine increases final setting time. For all mixes, ambient curing was done. As per EFNARC recommendations, the fresh qualities of SCGC were determined using the Slump test, T50 slump test, L-Box test, V- funnel test, and J-ring test. By conducting compression tests, split tensile tests, and flexure tests after 7, 14 and 28 days, the strength characteristics of SCGC were identified. The SCGC's microstructure and chemical composition were both determined by SEM and EDS analyses, respectively. According to test results, an alkaline solution sample with a 13M concentration and 450 kg/m3 of binder produced the highest compressive, flexural, and split tensile strengths after 28 days producing values of 58.32 MPa, 3.5 MPa, and 4.27 MPa, respectively.


This paper reports on an exercise of laying out a series of teaching sequences aimed at developing statistical reasoning in high school students. From a conceptual perspective, we examined the distinctions concerning the notions of statistical literacy, reasoning and thinking and considered three working scenarios reported in literature (data sets, sampling and probability situations) as referents for the design of information sampling and analysis. Based upon the methodology of teaching experiments, we proposed hypothetical learning trajectories, which served to guide both before- and after-design instruction in a dynamic way. Instruction results provided elements that point at reviewing the curricular design as well as the preconceptions of participants in the research. INTRODUCTION The experience this paper reports on took place within the framework of a research carried out by a group of teachers at National Pedagogical University, Colombia. The project, entitled "Teaching experiments for the development of statistical reasoning by high school students", was funded by the Research Center of the National Pedagogical University and the Departement of Mathematics, at the same University. In general terms, the project was aimed at designing, developing and assessing a set of teaching experiments related to topics from the high school statistics curriculum with the purpose of promoting the development of statistical reasoning in a group of high school students. Given three different scenarios, namely, a scenario of datasets, a scenario of sampling and a scenario of probability, we assume the distinction proposed by recent research of statistical literacy, reasoning and thinking, as cognitive processes that allow a deeper understanding of the teaching and learning of statistics. There has been progressive acknowledgment of the need to more closely relate the activities of high school mathematics teachers with those of researchers in the area of mathematical education. Such acknowledgment has given place to the emergence of methodological proposals such as the one suggested by Steffe and Thompson (2000), Lesh and Kelly (2000) and Cobb (2000), among others, and known under the title of teaching experiments. Data collection for our study took place mainly during the second half of 2008 and the first half of 2009. The teaching experiments were carried out with ninth-, tenth- and eleventh-graders and fulfilled within the regular yearly agendas of activities in a private high school in Bogota. Several circumstances prevented the participation of the teachers regularly in charge of the classes, so their roles were assumed by teaching assistants and practitioners associated with our project.


A female patient with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy had a dual chamber permanent pacemaker implanted at the age of 31 years. Because of frequent premature ventricular complexes (PVC's) and nonsustained ventricular tachycardia (VT), her pacing system was upgraded to a dual chamber ICD (Medtronic Marquis DR (Medtronic, Inc. Minneapolis, MN, USA)) system eight years later. The ventricular fibrillation (VF) zone detection was set at a VV interval of ≤320 ms and therapy comprised 6 consecutive shocks. The VT zone detection was set at a VV interval of 320– 360 ms and therapy comprised both antitachycardia pacing and shocks. The pacing function was set to the DDD mode, with a lower rate of 40 beats/ min, an upper tracking rate of 120 beats/min and a sensed atrioventricular delay of 150 ms. The postventricular atrial refractory period (PVARP) was fixed at 310 ms. Despite β-blockade, the patient still experienced a shock from her device. The interval plot and intracardiac electrograms (EGM's) during the episode are as shown in Figures 1 and 2, respectively. What actually had happened before the shock was delivered?


Measurement of the chemical and isotopic composition of cosmic rays is essential for the precise understanding of their propagation in the galaxy. While the model parameters are mainly determined using the B/C ratio, the study of extended sets of ratios can provide stronger constraints on the propagation models. In this paper, the relative abundances of light-nuclei lithium, beryllium, boron, and carbon are presented. The secondary-to-primary ratios Li/C, Be/C, and B/C have been measured in the kinetic energy range 0.35–45 GeV nucleon−1. The isotopic ratio 7Li/6Li is also determined in the magnetic rigidity interval 2.5–6.3 GV. The secondary-to-secondary ratios Li/Be, Li/B, and Be/B are also reported. These measurements are based on the data collected by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer AMS-01 during the STS-91 space shuttle flight in 1998 June. Our experimental results are in substantial agreement with other measurements, where they exist. We describe our light-nuclei data with a diffusive-reacceleration model. A 10%–15% overproduction of Be is found in the model predictions and can be attributed to uncertainties in the production cross-section data.


As there is an intension to facilitate the population growth of the country and if it is assumed to achieve this goal, based on 100 million populations in the country within the coming decade the following analysis is done. Based on literature and data available, the water for overall development is about 2000 cubic meter per capita per year, so we need 200 billion m 3 / year. But the yearly renewable water is around 120 billion m 3 , and consequently there will be a shortage of about 80 billion m 3 / year for the development of the country. The sanitary sewage of this population is about 6 billion m 3 / year which is about 7-8 percent of the shortage. But it is about 70 percent of water needed in municipal communities. So, if the sanitary sewage is treated, it can be reused in communities and the problem of shortage can be coped. To achieve this goal we need a long term planning and investment in treatment of sanitary sewages. So, the first phase of this plan is to run pilot plants to treat the effluent of sewage treatment plants at different levels for different reuse.


The results of this work provide design guidance for critical appliance components, allows the designer to assess impact of design changes on reliability early in the design phase, aids in FMEA execution and risk assessments and is a valuable accelerated test planning tool. The generic method of constructing these studies, which is presented here, can be applied to any component for any industry. This work provides relationships for failure rates for each component as a function of its respective mechanisms, acceleration factors and parameters. It describes the generic approach as to how these relationships were developed; how the relationships are made available to the design teams and how they are used. This Mechanical Life Prediction Database is under continuous improvement as new components are introduced, or new failure modes, models or mechanisms are discovered.


The power output unit comprises a heat engine, electric motors coupled to a drive shaft and puissance.Elle adjusting means further comprises means (190) for estimating the rotational speed of the drive shaft (112), means (190) for establishing the operating status of the electric motors (MG1, MG2) and the heat engine (150) and control and monitoring means (190), and a power battery (194). Application to hybrid vehicles having an internal combustion engine and two electric motor-generators connected to a buffer battery.


1. Background The Tore Supra grazing incidence VUV spectrometer (duochromator) provides poloidally resolved brightness profiles of emission from peripheral light impurity ions, scanning the lower half of the plasma with a 3 cm spatial resolution [1]. Such profiles should provide, when inverted, radial impurity profiles complementary to those measured with charge-exchange spectroscopy, and thus permit analysis of transport properties. However, the duochromator profiles exhibit a very complex spatial structure during ergodic divertor (ED) operation. The observed profiles clearly have both core plasma (symmetric) and scrape-off layer and ergodic zone (asymmetric) sources, requiring a somewhat complicated inversion. Our approach is to simulate the observed profiles: the axi-symmetric contribution with a 1D radial impurity transport code and the asymmetric component with the BBQ 3D Monte Carlo code. This approach has proven more illuminating in practice than the alternative Maximum Entropy fitting procedure. An example for Tore Supra outboard limiter conditions is discussed in [2]. Here we apply the technique to Tore Supra ED discharges positioned close to the inner wall. The profile behavior in this configuration shows regular modulations clearly related to the applied ED field; simulation of the signals should therefore provide information about its effect on impurity transport. We briefly summarize the main observations, the elements of the simulation, and the comparison of the simulations with the measurements. 2. Observations Previous observations of inner-wall influenced Tore Supra ED plasmas, under detached (MARFE-like) FIG. 1 Observed poloidal duochromator profiles of oxygen (OV, top) carbon (CIII, CIV, middle), and neon (NeVII, NeVIII, bottom) emission with ED (IED=45kA). BT = 2.14T Ip = 1.0MA R = 2.32m a = 0.75m


Smoking disturbs the bronchial‐mucus‐barrier. This study assesses the cellular composition and gene expression shifts of the bronchial‐mucus‐barrier with smoking to understand the mechanism of mucosal damage by cigarette smoke exposure. We explore whether single‐cell‐RNA‐sequencing (scRNA‐seq) based cellular deconvolution (CD) can predict cell‐type composition in RNA‐seq data.


Pablo Enoc Hernández Paredes (right) steelmaking senior manager, TenarisTamsa, Veracruz, Ver., México email@example.com Electrical profile configuration is known to be designed in order to balance voltage, current and reactance. This paper presents the development of tools that were created to improve power profiles in terms of operational and safety issues. This includes a simple model to assess the characteristics of a profile before testing it, and a statistical approach to take advantage of actual temperature measurement from water-cooled panels to optimize thermal behavior in the furnace. With these tools, it has been possible to develop a methodology to make strategic changes like power increase in a safe and fast manner.


Our research is focused on simulation of agents animates. The architecture of these agents is mainly inspired by nature; therefore they are sometimes called artificial creatures. The main contribution of this paper is the description of designed simulation environment architecture for the Artificial Life (ALife) domain. It was named the World of Artificial Life (WAL). Our platform incorporates also results of research in domain of hybrid agent architectures. Based on these results it focuses to the proposal and implementation of the simulation environment for them. First, we present the alternatives for our simulation environment which we evaluated and considered to use. Since we did not selected any of them further in the text we will formulate the problem we were solving and its important goals, followed by presentation of our proposal for such simulator and overview of achieved results. STATE OF THE ART This chapter is separated into two parts. First part describes the Artificial Life (ALife) field in general and discusses the current trends and streams. The second part is focused on the simulation environments for Artificial Life simulation. Artificial Life The trend in artificial intelligence leans towards communities of robots-agents. These structures appears in nature in all types of complexity starting from genes, cells, multi-cell structures, through plants, animals, groups of animals up to their societies. Similarly to the Nature also in robotics it is obvious that one superintelligent robot (and therefore expensive) is with its abilities far behind a swarm of small, simple and less intelligent but also the less expensive robots. It is believed, that the power lies in quantity and simplicity. Also the range of possible types of tasks implemented on community of mutual cooperative robots is much wider than in case of one super-robot. Therefore approaches from Artificial Life are more often applied for control of community of robots. ALife approach (biological model) of implementation of intelligent behavior is inspired mostly by nature phenomena, instead of classical artificial intelligence (rational approach) which is more concerned about logic, rationality and just partially on algorithms inspired by nature. Another significant difference between AI and ALife approach is in the object of interest. Artificial intelligence is focused on complex thinking for example chess playing, text understanding, disease diagnostic etc. ALife if on the other hand focused on basic elements of natural behavior with strong stress on survival in environment. The most of existing ALife approaches are based on algorithms, which enables robots as artificially created creatures, to evolve and adapt [Kadlecek, 2001]. Biological systems have inspired the development of a large number of artificial intelligence techniques such as neural network architectures, genetic and evolutionary programming, robotic and multi-agent systems. Each biological system brings a large amount of evolutionary baggage unnecessary to support intelligent behavior, but focusing not on content but on principles, the study of animal behavior can provide a lot of models that can be successfully implemented within a robotic or agent system. Due to the inherent complexity of these systems, a multi-level analysis approach supported with a lot of experiments and simulations is required. Animals, in contrast to the majority of agent applications, in which agents are highly specialized in terms of behavior, deployment environment, learning capabilities etc., incorporate broad set of behaviors and high level of adaptability, mobility, social capabilities, proactivity, reactivity, and are employing various learning methods in one system [Wooldridge and Jennings, 1995]. They have to provide wide set of behaviors such as predator avoidance, nesting, fighting, eating, exploring, sleeping, reproduction and others. With computational power of computers we have reached the point when we can imitate Mother Nature. ALife tries to model "the world as it is" or "the world as it could be". ALife gives us chance to test our comprehension of intelligence, adaptation for living conditions and evolution [Kadlecek and Nahodil, 2001]. The philosophy of classical MAS has been reversed in Artificial Life. ALife draws inspiration from many science disciplines such as biology, ethology, sociology, psychology, mathematics (grammars) and physics. ALife is often being connected with emergence. By mutual local cooperation of primitives a new phenomenon on global level arises. This is called Proceedings 22nd European Conference on Modelling and Simulation ©ECMS Loucas S. Louca, Yiorgos Chrysanthou, Zuzana Oplatkova, Khalid Al-Begain (Editors) ISBN: 978-0-9553018-5-8 / ISBN: 978-0-9553018-6-5 (CD) emergence and is achieved without any central control. The principle of superposition of primitives is not valid – nonlinear behavior of elemental primitives. Tools for evolution towards more complex and more perfect structures are self-reproduction, mutation and selection. Simulation Environments There is a lot of a freely available application or simulators for ALife domain available on the Internet. The issue with these is that almost all of them are focused on one phenomenon or one particular problem. There are not much general frameworks that would give wide range of possibilities. We are searching for a simulation environment that would give us enough freedom to program mind of the agent while the virtual world (including not only the graphical representation but also the functionality in terms of provision of sensoric input) are provided by the application. There are just few such applications available. We will mention here two of them that in our opinion were close enough to be used. First of them is StarLogoTNG which is being developed at Media Laboratory, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts [StarLogoTNG, 2008]. Creators describe this project as programmable modeling environment for exploring the workings of decentralized systems. With StarLogoTNG, you can model many real-life phenomena, such as bird flocks, traffic jams, ant colonies, and market economies. This application is the closest one for our requirements hence we will go in the detail of description. It is fairly new it was published only last year. The main goal of this application is to lower the barrier to entry for programming by making programming easier. This means that it provides graphical programming language (block building) and also powerful and editable 3D environment. This gives wide area of possibilities but for our purposes it was not wide enough. We would need to use some programming constructions that are not part of the provided set. Another simulation environment widely recognized is Swarm [Swarm, 2008]. It is a software package for multi-agent simulation of complex systems, originally developed at the Santa Fe Institute. The basic architecture is the simulation of collection of concurrently interacting agents. It allows the researcher to describe agent behaviors one by one, agent by agent, context by context, all while keeping an exact notion of time and concurrency in the world. Swarm also makes it possible to compose or decompose hierarchies of agents. Swarm Code is Object-Oriented. The swarm libraries are written in a computer language called "Objective-C", a superset of the C language. Objective-C adds the ability to create software "classes" from which individual instances can be created. These instances are self-contained entities, and the terminology of objectoriented programming turns out to be very well suited to discussions of agent-based models. Most swarm applications have a structure that roughly goes like this. First, a top level often called the "observer swarm" is created. That layer creates screen displays and it also creates the level below it, which is called the "model swarm". The model swarm in turn creates the individual agents, schedules their activities, collects information about them and relays that information when the observer swarm needs it. This terminology is not required by Swarm, but its use does facilitate it. Swarm libraries provide a number of convenient pieces of code that will facilitate the design of an agent-based model. These tools facilitate the management of memory, the maintenance of lists, scheduling of actions, and many other chores. REQUIREMENTS AND GOALS The main goal of our effort was to develop a simulator on a high modularity level and simple enough to be usable by anyone interested in the ALife research. Our simulator helped us to focus on the studied topic while abstracting from implementation details of the environment itself. Special care has been applied to possibilities of analysis, either during the simulation or after the simulation from saved data. Visualization modules are covering not only displaying the simulated agent world in 3D, but are targeted on efficient analysis of agents' behavior. Visualization can provide both simplified and attractive view in order to present the simulation either to broader or non-technical audience. Together with scientific views with various statistics and value details of the agent world, in or to satisfy needs of scientists for detailed analysis of behavior of the simulated system. DESIGNED ABSTRACT ARCHITECTURE


The non-volatile organic acids of cider-apple juices and of ciders from sulphited fermentations have been separated using chromatographic methods, and identified. Several juice acids not previously detected were identified, namely mucic, benzoic, gluconic and 2-methyl-2,3-dihydroxybutyric acid. During fermentation malic and gluconic acids often increased considerably in amount, appreciable quantities of succinic and lactic acids being formed together with small amounts of 2-methyl-, 3-methyl-, 2-ethyl- and 3-ethyl-dihydroxy-butyric acids, fumaric, α-hydroxyglutaric and perhaps 2-ketogluconic acids; pectic degradation gave rise to appreciable quantities of mono-, di- and tri-galacturonic acids.


The four articles in this special section underscore three key themes in research on close relationships during adolescence: normative changes in their nature and functional significance; expansion and diversification of networks of relationships; and increasing interrelations among close relationships. We identify important ways in which the four articles both extend knowledge on these three points and inspire further advances by future researchers.


The paper offers an approach to assessing a demand for fuel to make a long-term forecast of the opportunities of regional energy markets under uncertainty. A peculiarity of the approach is application of the optimization model and Monte-Carlo method. To show what would bring this approach, we present our results obtained by the application of the technique proposed to assessing the price elasticity of demand for gas observed at the new and large heating plants of several Russian regions.


In a deregulated electricity industry, competitive bidding for energy and reserve is increasingly gaining importance and playing a decisive role in maintaining system reliability. The transmission capacity limits have a significant impact on market cost, therefore these limits should also be considered while optimizing the joint dispatch. In this paper, a detailed comparison of classical differential evolution (DE) mutation strategies is carried out to study the role of tuning parameters. For avoiding the time and labor lost in tuning DE parameters, an improved DE algorithm with time varying chaotic mutation and crossover is proposed for solving the multi-product, multi-area market dispatch problem with physical and operational constraints. The proposed approach effectively handles the complex constraints like reserve requirements, zonal power balance constraints, area spinning reserve constraints, tie-line constraints and reserve and capacity coupling constraints. The efficiency and accuracy of the proposed algorithm is tested on two different test systems and is found to be better than classical DE in terms of convergence behavior and solution quality.


We observed that the spatial distortions of a probe pulse from Kerr nonlinearity were eliminated almost perfectly when a strong coupling pulse copropagates with the probe on two-photon-resonance in /spl Lambda/-type 3 levels of atomic Sm.


Objective To investigate the changes of the serum AngⅡ and inflammatory cytokines in CHD and their relationship.Methods The radio-immunity method was used for the measurement the serum levels of the AngⅡ,IL-6 and TNF-α between 96 CHD patients(CHD group)confirmed by a coronary angiography and 54 populations with normal CAG findings(control group),as well as the level of serum hs-CRP by latex-enhanced immunoturbimetry.Results The serum levels of the AngⅡ,IL-6,TNF-α and hs-CRP were considerably higher in the CHD group than in the control group,showing significant differences between two groups,all P0.01(z=5.078,10.782,14.421,12.140 respectively).The serum AngⅡ were positively related to IL-6(γ=0.696,P0.01)and TNF-α(γ=0.217,P0.01)as well as hs-CRP(γ=0.442,P0.01)in CHD patients.Conclusion The serum Ang Ⅱ proves to be associated with inflammatory cytokines in CHD,all may paticipating in the development and progression of the CHD.


Piecewise linear interface calculation (PLIC) is one of the most widely employed reconstruction schemes for the simulation of multiphase flow. In this visualization paper we focus on the reconstruction from the simulation point of view, i.e., we present a framework for the analysis of this reconstruction scheme together with its implications on the overall simulation. By interpreting PLIC reconstruction as an isosurface extraction problem from the first-order Taylor approximation of the underlying volume of fluid field, we obtain a framework for error analysis and geometric representation of the reconstruction including the fluxes involved in the simulation. At the same time this generalizes PLIC to higher-order approximation. We exemplify the utility and versatility of our visualization approach on several multiphase CFD examples.


: Due to its high visibility, high resistance, and toxic effects, colored substances in the textile and other dyeing industries waste-water cause great damage to biological organisms and ecology. Therefore, current research efforts to develop high selectivity, specificity, and efficient water treatment technologies are very intense, and molecularly imprinting methods (MIM) constitute a category of functional materials to meet these criteria. Polymethylmethacrylate-chitosan molecularly imprinted composite (PMMAC-MIC) and non-imprinted composite (PMMAC-NIC) were successfully prepared by MIM. Dye adsorption performance of MIC and NIC composites was investigated by comparison. The obtained adsorbents were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and zeta potential techniques. The kinetics of adsorption followed a pseudo-first-order model while the Langmuir adsorption isotherm provided the best fit. The maximum adsorption capacity of dye was found as 93.78 mg/g for PMMAC-MIC and 17.70 mg/g for PMMAC-NIC at 298 K temperature, the initial dye concentration was 100 mg/L. Thermodynamic parameters indicated that the removal of dye from PMMAC-MIC was endothermic and spontaneous. Besides, the regeneration of composite was recycled four times.


Carbon nanospecies (CNPs) are of high interest in current research due to their many unique properties. They may be created by common processes, such as burning. Therefore, they can become potential contaminants and may have a negative impact on human health and the biosphere. Moreover, they may also catalyze protein misfolding and subsequent amyloid formation, which is extremely hard to treat. We investigated the influence of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs), fullerene (C60), carbon quantum dots (CDs) and nanodiamonds (NDs) on amyloid formation. This research utilized the hen egg-white lysozyme (HEWL) as a model system. Fibrils were detected by fluorescence of thioflavin-T (ThT) or Nile red (NR) and the results were confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We have found that NDs promoted amyloid fibril formation at all concentrations. The highest concentration of C60 (250 μg ml−1) accelerated the process of fibrillation, while smaller concentrations (16 and 80 μg ml−1) prolonged the lag phase and were comparable to the control. SWNTs prolonged the lag phase of amyloid formation at all concentrations. CDs efficiently terminated the growth of amyloid fibrils. When we compared the amyloidogenicity of all four types of CNPs, the following trend was apparent: NDs > control > C60 > CDs > SWNTs.


Background: Bone grafting is a common surgical technique to augment bone regeneration in orthopedic surgery. Autologous bone graft harvesting is the reliable treatment option and iliac crest is the most common harvesting site for healing bone fractures. However, the results of iliac crest bone graft harvesting are associated with morbidity and a number of complications. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess donor site complications of scaphoid nonunion, to find clinical outcomes and the impact of iliac crest bone graft on age, gender, pain, numbness, itching, nerve injury and scar appearance of patients. Methods: In a prospective review of 61 cases of iliac crest bone graft procedures at the Shafa hospital from 2013 to 2014, complica- tions including pain, infection, hematoma, stress fracture, hypertrophic scars, numbness area and itching were assessed clinically. Results: Pain identified as the most common complication. The most common complications following postoperative pain at the donor site that reduced after six weeks were: numbness 3.27%, unsatisfactory scar appearance 3.27% and itching discomfort 1.63%. Conclusions: Harvesting of iliac crest bone graft can be the ideal way to prepare graft procedures required surgery scaphoid nonunion fractures with minimal complications. Nevertheless, with an adequate preoperative planning and appropriate surgical technique, the prevalence of these complications can be reduced.


In contrast to the general operational amplifier (op amp) noise model widely used, we propose a more complete and applicable noise model, which considers the correlation between equivalent input voltage noise source e/sub n/ and current noise source i/sub n/. Based on the super-position theorem and equivalent circuit noise theory, our formulae for the equivalent input noise spectrum density of an op amp noise are applied to both the inverting and noninverting input terminals. By measurement, we demonstrate that the new expressions are significantly more accurate. In addition, details of the measurement method for our noise model parameters are given. A commercial operational amplifier (Burr-Brown OPA37A) is measured by means of a low-frequency noise power spectrum measuring system and the measured results of its noise model parameters, including the spectral correlation coefficient (SCC), are finally given.


Objective:To observe the protective effect of Fufang Danshenfang and total saponin of Dioscorea compatibility on myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury in rats.Method: Seventy SD rats were randomly divided into 10 groups: sham-operation group,model group,Salvia extract(300 mg · kg-1),total saponins of panax notoginseng(PNS) 100 mg · kg-1,dioscorea saponins 100 mg · kg-1,compatibility(Salvia extract+PNS+borneol+Dioscorea saponins) three dose of(300+100+10+50),(300+100+10+100),(300+100+10+200) mg · kg-1,compound Danshen tablets 300 mg · kg-1,Tongxinluo capsules 300 mg · kg-1.Each group was ig administrted for 7 consecutive days.The model of myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury in rats was induced by ligation of the left anterior descending of the coronary artery(LAD) after one hour of end administration.Serum superoxide dismutase(SOD),lactic clehydrogense(LDH) and creatine kinase isoenzyme(CK-MB) activity were determined by kit,the TTC staining method was used to determine the myocardial infarct size,TUNEL staining was used to detect apoptosis.Result: Compatibility(300+100+10+100) mg · kg-1 could significantly enhance SOD activity(P0.01) significantly reduce myocardial LDH and CK-MB activity(P0.01);compared with the ingredients and the original side,infarct size of 20.78% was significantly lower than the Salvia extract 34.04%(P0.05),PNS 34.62%(P0.05),the total saponin of Dioscorea 36.19%(P0.05),Fufang Danshen Tablets 26.47%;apoptosis rate of 16.53%,25.08%(P0.05) was significantly lower than the Salvia extract 25.08%,PNS 22.12%(P0.05),the total saponin of Dioscorea 24.45%(P0.05),Fufang Danshen Tablets 18.14%.Conclusion:Fufang Danshenfang and the total saponin of Dioscorea compatibility have showed protective effects on myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury,which is much better than other compostion and Fufang Danshenfang.


of agency? Are human beings uniquely endowed — perhaps by their Creator — with certain inalienable capacities? I am too little of a humanist to think so. 16. Of course, this is part of what makes for a good theoretical framework, since I (following Weber) would argue that value-commitments are not rationally reconcilable or empirically testable, and as such part of the appeal of any particular theoretical framework or scientific ontology (and its empirical results) will necessarily involve its consistency with broader cultural values. But unless we want to completely collapse the distinction between science and politics, or between science and theology, this can be only a part of its appeal. 17. Wittgenstein's comments on 'beetles in boxes' seem entirely relevant here.


During the "11th Five-Year Plan" period, China's ethylene industry witnessed rapid expansion in production scale, through reconstruction and extension as well as new construction. The capacity was increased to 14.169 million t/a in 2010 from 7.859 million t/a at the end of 2005, with the growth rate being 80.3%. So China became


PART ONE: FACTUAL AND THEORETICAL BACKGROUND Homeless Children Who Are They? Social and Educational Issues Health Issues Social Context of Homelessness PART TWO: THE PERSONAL DIMENSION Unaccompanied Children Families Babies Survivors Through the Camera's Lens PART THREE: RESPONSES Programs for Unaccompanied Youth and Families Societal Responses to Homelessness PART FOUR: WHERE TO FROM HERE? Conclusions


Essentially all the landslide currents are associated with graben. The biggest shear slide in the Crimea is formed as a result of technogene influence.


Absorption air conditioners have been trade in Venezuela in small scale for over 30 years. Currently it became an attractive alternative for the reduction in electricity consumption in residential areas and from an ecological point of view for its low environmental impact. Although these systems have been widely studied, there is few experimental data. The present work is aimed to base a long term study that propose massive use of this technology in the country. The article describes equipment and instruments required for the assembly of a benchtest and a methodology is followed to evaluate commercial air conditioners without dismantling them. Comparison were undertaken between the measurements performed, data supplied by the manufacturer and the literature with the purpose of verifying an appropriate operation. A series of conclusions have been withdrawn about operative parameters, among others, it has been established the effect of combustible gas fluctuation in the machine perfomance and feasibility of non-continuous operation.


This thesis is a study of Victor Hugo's The Last Day of a Condemned Man and Ryucho Kadota's Fight against Despair. By contrasting the mentality of a man condemned to death and that of the family of murder victims, the thesis takes these works as a basis for reflecting on the meaning and value of the death penalty. The study looks at the nature of the guillotine in the nineteenth century, the prison environment and the physical and mental sufferings of a person condemned to death. Hugo's writing on this topic stimulates a sensitive reflection on the death penalty. Ryucho Kudata's account of a real event from the twenty-first century, however, provides an opportunity to understand the situation of the family of murder victims and leads us to reconsider the death penalty from their point of view. Hugo's humanitarian concern for the condemned and Ryucho's attention to a victim's family over a period of nine years both show their respect for life despite their very different ideas and points of view about the death penalty. The death penalty has been around for a long time, though by now it has been abolished in most countries. In fact, protection of the human rights of criminals should not be seen as being incompatible with protection of the rights of victims and their families; the two can be reconciled. Hugo's desire to abolish the death penalty unconditionally and absolutely had a great impact on France, yet the struggle of a victim who seeks the punishment of an offender through the use of the death penalty cannot be ignored. Both angles are helpful in exploring the issue of the death penalty.


RMO! is the result of adding the 'mingle principle' [i.e., A ! (A ! A)] to Anderson's and Belnap's implicative logic of relevance R!. The aim of this paper is to provide all possible axiomatizations with independent axioms of RMO! formulable with Anderson and Belnap's \strong and natural list of valid entailments" extended with ten characteristic minglish principles.


A Danish thesaurus project is currently underway at the Society forDanish Language and Literature in Copenhagen. Funded by TheCarlsberg Foundation, the project runs 2010-2013 with a staff oftwo full-time editors. It does not start from scratch but draws onalready existing lexical data: main input for the thesaurus will bethe semantic descriptions of The Danish Dictionary (DDO, 116,000senses) and the Danish WordNet (DanNet, 65,000 synsets), the latterresource itself built on DDO data. Following an initial analysisof existing thesauri, a macro-structure was adopted close to the oneused by Franz Dornseiff: Der deutsche Wortschatz nach Sachgruppen(2004). As a side benefit, this choice makes it easier for the editors toutilize the contents of the only existing thesaurus for Danish, HarryAndersen's Dansk Begrebsordbog (1945), which itself is no less structurallydependent on the first edition of Dornseiff (1934). One methodologicalaspect is given particular attention: what should be themain ordering principle within an entry? A final decision has yet to betaken as it is primarily a problem of presentation with no immediatebearing on the editing process, but eventually a conclusion must bereached as the thesaurus is going to appear as a print dictionary, too.


Aiming to create an advanced society that can make effective use of digital contents : the common property of all humankind From computer network to digital content network Sub Title Author 池田, 亜希子(Ikeda, Akiko) Publisher Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University Publication year 2017 Jtitle New Kyurizukai No.25 (2017. 8) ,p.23 Abstract Notes The Research Genre Article URL http://koara.lib.keio.ac.jp/xoonips/modules/xoonips/detail.php?koara_id=KO50001003-00000025 -0002


In the Internet,there are two types of QoS architectures: IntServ/RSVP and DiffServ.The DiffServ is divided into absolute DiffServ and relative DiffServ.First,the model of proportional differentiated service (PDS),a typical relative DiffServ model,and its two implementation algorithms BPR (Backlog Proportional Rate) and WTP (Waiting Time Priority) are presented in this paper.Then,the performance of WFQ (Weight Fair Queuing),a typical PFQ (Packet Fair Queuing) algorithm,is analyzed and simulated.The result shows that WFQ has certain resistibility to the burst of higher priority traffic classes.WFQ has better resistibility under medium load than in heavy load,and the larger the ratio of weights of successive queues,the stronger the resistibility of WFQ.Finally,a new measurement based WFQ (M WFQ) is proposed.The performances of long term and short term of M WFQ with BPR,WTP,and WFQ are given.The results show that M WFQ has the best performance under normal traffic distribution reasonably and can be adaptive to variation of traffic load distribution.


We studied aggression in male Sprague-Dawley rats in a model of a depressive-like state induced by unpredictable treatment with ultrasonic waves with the frequencies of 20-45 kHz for 1, 2 or 3 weeks. We did not find any increase in the number of animals exhibiting aggression in the "Resident- intruder" test after the treatment of any chosen duration. However, the aggressive animals exposed to ultrasound exhibited increased number of attacks and their total duration as well as decreased latency of the first attack compared to the respective scores in the animals of the control group. Taking this into account, we suggest that the initial level of aggression increases in a model of ultrasonic chronic stress.


The development of electric and hybrid vehicles poses new challenges for meeting the EMC requirements. Simulations therefore are getting more and more important as an early evaluation method. In this work the main focus is to model the high voltage cables and simulate the conducted disturbances. One part provides a simulation model for the Capacitive Coupling Clamp regarding ISO 7637-3:2007, respectively regarding IEC 61000-4-4 for transient immunity testing. The second part focuses on simulating interferences, that are generated by the DC/AC Power converter and the inferences generated by the overall electric drive system.


The adsorption of aniline on the as-grown and purified carbon nanotubes has been investigated. The initial concentration of aniline solution, time, temperature and pH values of aniline solution have great influence on the adsorption capacity. The adsorption capacity of the as-grown carbon nanotubes towards aniline was 4.8 mg/g at pH=5. For that treated with nitric acid, it increased to 15.4 mg/g. The adsorption capacity decreased with increase of temperature in the range of 283 to 303 K. The adsorption isotherms can be described by Freundlich equation.


The modern seismic resistant design concepts are theoretically based on the assumption that wide class of structures are capable of dissipating energy through inelastic deformations. It is recommended to use ductile structures unless the ductility limits remain within the prescribed limits. The seismic loads can significantly be reduced if the structure is designed to be dissipative. The numerical verification of the behavior factor (q-factor) becomes a subject of intensive research work during the past decade, see [3],[6] and [8]. This is a good chance to check the validity of design theory assumptions and to make structural performance more predictable from engineering point of view. Significant progress is made towards advanced modeling of structures in order to determine dissipated energy more precisely. Most of the existing methods for the q-fact evaluation are discussed in [6]. Following some authors [3],[4] and [6] the proper definition of the q-factor should be done using equivalent single degree of freedom (SDOF) system, obtained similarly to modal transformation. This step requires the horizontal displacements shape function to be previously known. This approach is obviously approximate since the displacement distribution in elevation does not remain constant during the time. In [3] the q-factor is defined as ratio between the elastic peak response and the maximum shear that can withstand the equivalent SDOF system assuming elastic-perfectly plastic material law. Kato [4] gives a measure for the force reduction factor using energy balance equation assuming that the ultimate limit state is reached and displacement shape function can be simplified as a result of that. Finally the Kato's method requires the dissipated energy for the entire structure to be determined. The energy concept for the q-factor determination is successively developed for practical use by Akiyama [1] where the dissipated energy for each story is needed for calculations. However the ultimate state criterion is still open to debate. The basic problem that arise is how the ultimate limit state, in particular, for steel structures, should be defined. Criteria that are based on local or global ductility can be employed [2] and [6] but all of them are dependent on the type of structure and their connections. There is not an established common criterion to indicate properly whether the ultimate state of a structure is reached or not. In this paper the expression for the q-factor is derived basing on the energy balance equation, applied to ultimate state. Near this state the response of a structure can be represented considering the equivalent SDOF system, whose parameters are properly defined. In contrast with [3] the displacement shape functions are selected among a set of functions, typical for different types of collapse mechanisms. It is expected this procedure to improve the accuracy of the q-factor evaluation. The application of the results derived herein is illustrated considering four story-two bays steel frame. The numerical results for the q-factor are further discussed.


Aiming at efficient and correct management of equipment a noise information of steel enterprise,a noise management information system of steel enterprise was developed.Utilizing Visual Basic 6.0 and SQL server 2000 as developing tools,with client/server work mode used,the noise management information system of steel enterprise was constructed.Result shows that the noise management information system of steel enterprise has achieved the requirement of providing support for noise harness and efficient and correct management for noise information.It is a practical way to assist noise harness by using noise management information system.


With the time and space available it is not Possible to do more than mention the chief facts of his periodic visits to America.. The first principal is that of his early visit in 1890, when he *??k pains to see a number of institutions, and had travel long distances in consequence. All he SaW, and according to his custom his experiences documented, stimulated his desire to go again. ^ later visit was paid in 1895, and another years later. He crossed the Atlantic for the last time in 1916, when the passage was prolonged for every boat in consequence of the German submarines in the Atlantic. This record would


Context-aware assistive systems (CAAS) have become ubiquitous in cars or smartphones but not in industrial work contexts: while there are systems controlling work results, context-specific assistance during the processes is hardly offered. As a result production workers still have to rely on their skills and expertise. While un-impaired workers may cope well with this situation, elderly or impaired persons in production environments need context-sensitive assistance. The contribution of the research presented here is three-fold: (1) We provide a framework for context-aware assistive systems in production environments. These systems are based on motion recognition and use projection and elements from game design (gamification) to augment work. (2) Based on this framework we describe a prototype with respect to both the physical and the software implementation. (3) We present the results of a study with impaired workers and quantifying the effects of the augmentations on work speed and quality.


It is intuitively clear that, in some sense, waves carry "information" concerning both their source characteristics and their interaction with boundaries and/or sound speed inhomogeneity in the propagation path. This presentation addresses the issue of how one can estimate the maximum rate that an acoustic field can transfer information in an ocean waveguide, based on the properties of wave propagation. Information theory is the natural framework for addressing this question, relating wave propagation and communication concepts; it is applied here for the example of a Pekeris waveguide. Using properties of the propagation operator, information-theoretic arguments applied to the propagated field allow for the transfer of information along independent communication channels in the waveguide and an explicit expression for the channel capacity is obtained. The latter represents an upper bound on the error-free transfer of information from a source to a point in the waveguide by use of the propagated field. Wo...


Enzyme bleaching was introduced to the process (C-E/O-dnD) for bleaching of hardwood kraft pulp in Yonago mill in October, 1998. This is the first case in which an enzyme has been steadily applied for pulp bleaching in Japan. A thermostable xylanase from a microorganism that we isolated through screening was selected for use in this process. This microorganism, Bacillus sp. S-2113, produces two extracellular xylanases, XP1 and XP2. Expansion of the scale of enzyme production from the laboratory-scale to the mill-scale has been accomplished. It was found that hardwood kraft pulp is effective as a xylanase inducer in the case of this microorganism. The xylanase-containing culture can be applied to the bleaching process without removing the bacterial cells from the culture medium. After the enzyme bleaching process, the microorganism is killed by the bleaching chemicals used in the next step of the bleaching process. The pulp used in the culture medium is returned to the fiber line. Furthermore, because the quantity of enzyme used (the culture) is relatively low, there is no adverse influence on the quality of the pulp. One year has passed since the enzyme bleaching operation, with on-site enzyme production, was begun, and so far, this operation has been working well.The ECF bleaching sequence will start operation within the year 2000 in Yonago mill. The effects of enzyme bleaching in the ECF bleaching process are expected to be even greater then.


1Department of Mechanical and Electro-Mechanical Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan 2Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan 3Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Central University, Chung-Li, 32001, Taiwan 4Graduate Institute of Materials Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 91201, Taiwan 5Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, 31040, Taiwan *E-mail: email@example.com


Monika Breitzke and Jorg Bialas, research scientists at the GEOMAR Research Centre for Marine Geosciences, Kiel, Germany describe the latest testing of a deep-towed multichannel streamer combined with a sidescan sonar system to achieve improved resolution in deep water with gas hydrates the main interest.


Vehicle Re-identification is attracting more and more attention in recent years. One of the most challenging problems is to learn an efficient representation for a vehicle from its multi-viewpoint images. Existing methods tend to derive features of dimensions ranging from thousands to tens of thousands. In this work we proposed a deep learning based framework that can lead to an efficient representation of vehicles. While the dimension of the learned features can be as low as 256, experiments on different datasets show that the Top-1 and Top-5 retrieval accuracies exceed multiple state-of-the-art methods. The key to our framework is two-fold. Firstly, variational feature learning is employed to generate variational features which are more discriminating. Secondly, long short-term memory (LSTM) is used to learn the relationship among different viewpoints of a vehicle. The LSTM also plays as an encoder to downsize the features.


The current study aims to design a remotely operated underwater vehicle (ROV) and estimate the parameters of a systematic model. The entire vehicle comprises the framework, propulsion instrument, sensor, and communication module. The systematic model is very complicated thus making it very difficult to obtain a transfer function of the entire system. Therefore, an experimental method is used to measure the acceleration of the vehicle when traversing underwater along a straight line. Moreover, the method is used to verify the transfer function of the vehicle's model for the entire system based on auto-regressive exogeneous (ARX) and auto-regressive moving average exogeneous (ARMAX) models, and a cost function.


Background: High dose chemotherapy (HDCT) with autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is currently the treatment of choice for relapsed or refractory lymphoma patients. However, the optimal salvage regimen for these patients is unclear. In this study, our aim was to compare the efficacy and toxicity profiles of DHAP and ICE regimens in the salvage treatment of relapsed and refractory lymphoma. Patients and methods: In this retrospective analysis, 53 patients with primary refractory or relapsed Hodgkin's disease (HD) (n=13) or non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) (n=40) who received ICE or DHAP salvage regimen were included. Results: Of 53 patients, 21 were female and the median age was 43 years. In the evaluable ICE group (n=22) rates of CR, PR, and ORR were 27%, 41% and 68% and in the DHAP group (n=27) rates of CR, PR, and ORR were 18%, 30% and 48% (p=0,24, for ORR). Of the 40 patients with NHL, 15 patients received ICE and 25 patients received DHAP. In the ICE group response could be evaluated in 12 patients, 3 (25%) achieved CR and 5 (42%) PR, leading to an ORR of 67%. In DHAP group, response could be evaluated in 24 patients, 5 (21%) achieved CR and 7 (29%) PR, which makes an ORR of 50%. Although response rate for ICE tends to be higher than DHAP, this difference was not statistically significant (p=0,48). Thirteen patients with HD had an ORR of 62%. One patient had a major response (CR + PR) in DHAP group (33%). In the ICE group of 10 patients with HD, ORR rate was 70%. The response rates for ICE for patients with NHL and HD were not statistically different (p=1,0). Toxicity with both regimens was within acceptable limits. The major grade III–IV toxicities for both groups were hematological (neutopenia and thrombocytopenia). The main non-hematological toxicity was renal and observed in 8 patients. Conclusion: Although the toxicity profiles of both ICE and DHAP regimens were similar in the treatment of patients with relapsed or refractory HD or NHL, ICE seems to be more effective in terms of response rates than DHAP regimen in whole cohort and subgroups but this difference was not statistically significant.


One of several factors which affect the response of primary and secondary cancers to x-rays is the state of tissue oxygenation. All normal or neoplastic cells which are rendered anoxic or severely hypoxic when they are being irradiated become radioresistant, and two to three times the dose is required to produce the same degree of damage as would be required if relatively low concentrations (oxygen pressure [Po 2 2 strongly suggest that zones of radiobiologically anoxic tumor tissue develop, particularly those zones more distant from existing blood vessels which border on necrotic regions. The degree of anoxia developing during cancerous growth is closely related to the facility with which a


Prefetching helps in reducing the memory access latency in multi-banked NUCA architecture, where the Last Level Cache (LLC) is shared. In such systems, an application running on core generates significant traffic on the shared resources, the underlying network and LLC. While prefetching helps to increase application performance, but an inaccurate prefetcher can cause harm by generating unwanted traffic that additionally increases network and LLC contention. Increased network contention results in untimely prefetching of cache blocks, thereby reducing the effectiveness of a prefetcher. Prefetch accuracy is extensively used to reduce unwanted prefetches that can mitigate the prefetcher caused contention. However, the conventional prefetch accuracy parameter has major limitations in NUCA architectures. The article exposes that prefetch accuracy can create two major false-positive cases of prefetching, Under-estimation and Over-estimation problems, and false feedback loop that can mislead a prefetcher in generating more unwanted traffic. We propose a novel technique, Coordinated Prefetching for Efficient (COPE), which addresses these issues by redefining prefetch accuracy for such architectures and identifies additional parameters that can avoid generating unwanted prefetch requests. Experiment conducted using PARSEC benchmark on a 64-core system shows that COPE achieve 3% reduction in L1 cache miss rate, 12.64% improvement in IPC, 23.2% reduction in average packet latency and 18.56% reduction in dynamic power consumption of the underlying network.


In this country urinary tract infections are much more frequently seen and, in our malnourished, multiinfected patients, of a far more serious prognosis than literature would lead one to expect.1The introduction of the sulfonamide compounds into the therapy of coliform group infections considerably improved the outlook. And yet the gravest of these cases, those showing a leukopenia, remained excluded from the beneficial and even life saving effect of this treatment, because of the clinical rule that a diminished number of leukocytes excludes the use of the sulfonamides. Such patients, being usually severely anemic and refractory to methenamine and pentose nucleotide, had a mortality of approximately 100 per cent, a fact to which the local difficulty of getting blood donors contributes. In the literature available here, only 2 cases of leukopenia and acute agranulocytosis were found2in which, along with pentose nucleotides and blood transfusions, sulfathiazole was used


AbstractPolypropylene (PP) film has been used in capacitors since 1970s. The high breakdown strength, low dielectric losses, and high availability make PP well suitable for use as capacitor dielectric. At the moment, the typical energy density achieved with PP film at room temperature is about 1.2 J/cm3. Recent research on PP films focus on improving the permittivity, breakdown strength, thermal withstandability, and thermal conductivity, by producing copolymers, blending with other polymers, or adding inorganic particles. Some results claim energy density higher than double that of commercial bi-axially oriented PP capacitor film. Detailed research approaches and dielectric properties improvements are reviewed in this paper. The major focus is often placed on permittivity and breakdown strength. Unfortunately, little research shows positive results for maintaining the low dielectric losses.


The application is related to transition metal complex with tripod ligand and its purposes in OLED.The present invention relates to formula L 1 ML 2 (I) metal complex, wherein M are selected from Ir and Rh, L 1 It is the ligand with following formula: L 2 It is the ligand with following formula: Organic Light Emitting Diode OLED comprising such complex compound;The device selected from the group consisted of comprising such OLED:Illumination component, fixed visual display unit and moving-vision display unit;Purposes of such metal complex in OLED, is used for example as emitter, host material, charge transport material and/or electric charge or exciton blocking body.


The reason of two explosion lightning accident of 220 k V line circuit breakers that occurs continuously in substation of Dalian area in 2007 is analyzed, the zinc oxide lightning arrester with external small series gap designed specifically for protecting 220 k V circuit breaker insulation to avoid the lightning breakdown of 220 k V outlet circuit breakers is researched according to the reason for the circuit breaker lightning explosion, It is installed online last(first) side tower. The developing design,target and main technical parameters of zinc oxide lightning arrester with external small series gap is described. The developed product successfully passed the Beijing Electric Power Research Institute's type test and practical test. The developed products has come into used successfully after the end of2007, through practice verification for many years, the application effect is very well. At present it has been applied in the national globe.


A proposed wind power prediction method that relies on the empirical mode decomposition algorithm and gated recurrent unit neural network aims to achieve increased safety and stability of wind power grid connection while alleviating the pressure of peak and frequency regulation on the power system. Using the historical wind power as input, the data is first decomposed using the empirical mode decomposition algorithm, and then the gated recurrent unit neural network is used to explore the connections between the data to form the prediction feature vectors, which are then fed into the neural network for training, and the results of each component of the wind power prediction are output, and finally summed to obtain the final wind power prediction results. The results of predicting the magnitude of output power of wind turbines in this way on a European coast show that the proposed prediction method has significant advantages in terms of prediction accuracy compared with common gated recurrent unit neural networks, back propagation neural networks, and artificial neural networks.


Objective: The aim of the present study was to determine if there is an association of different gene polymorphisms of renin-angiotensin system and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in patients with essential hypertension (EH) in St Petersburg population. Patients and methods: We examined 156 patients (the mean age 49 - 8 years) with mild-to-moderate EH recruited from the general population of the outpatient clinic. Left ventricular mass was measured by echocardiography and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) was calculated. Subjects were genotyped for I/D polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene, A1166C polymorphism of renin-of the AT1 receptor gene, M235T polymorphism of angiotensinogen gene and-6G/A polymorphism of its promoter region. Results: Genotype distribution of the sample obeyed Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and was comparable to that reported previously for hypertensive individuals. Groups of patients with II, ID and DD polymorphism of ACE gene did not differ significantly in their LVMI levels. Furthermore, neither ID ACE-gene polymorphism nor AT1-receptor gene and angiotensinogen gene polymorphism was associated with LVH. Additionally, no any significant gene-gene interactions were found to be associated with LVH in the group studied. Conclusions: In the light of these observations it seems reasonable to make a preliminary conclusion about lack of association between LVH and distinct polymorphisms of renin-angiotensin system genes in the population studied.


To our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate patient-specific goals before and after coil treatment in severe emphysema. Thirteen patients reported in the Patient-Specific-Complaints-questionnaire their personal 3 most important treatment goals, and scored on a VAS-scale (0-10) the level of disability per activity before and 1 year after treatment. Most frequently reported goals were walking(n=12), taking a shower/washing(n=5) and cycling(n=3). The combined VAS-score of all 3 reported goals significantly decreased from median 24 to 16 points (-33%). Our results showed that patient-specific goals significantly improved after coil treatment which was associated with improved quality of life. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


Graphite, inexpensive and available in large quantities, unfortunately does not readily exfoliate to yield individual graphene sheets. Here a mild, one‐step electrochemical approach for the preparation of ionic‐liquid‐functionalized graphite sheets with the assistance of an ionic liquid and water is presented. These ionic‐liquid‐treated graphite sheets can be exfoliated into functionalized graphene nanosheets that can not only be individuated and homogeneously distributed into polar aprotic solvents, but also need not be further deoxidized. Different types of ionic liquids and different ratios of the ionic liquid to water can influence the properties of the graphene nanosheets. Graphene nanosheet/polystyrene composites synthesized by a liquid‐phase blend route exhibit a percolation threshold of 0.1 vol % for room temperature electrical conductivity, and, at only 4.19 vol %, this composite has a conductivity of 13.84 S m−1, which is 3–15 times that of polystyrene composites filled with single‐walled carbon nanotubes.


Following the introduction of the free-flow electronic toll collection system will needed to rearrange toll plazas to allow free-flow in traffic. The areas of the newly built highway may arranged in several ways. It can be area for traffic control.
The thesis was to show on the case of toll plaza Kompolje arrangement of highway through toll plaza and service areas for needs of traffic control and described some of the possible usages of service areas.


The debate Why do we need human rights? took place on April 10th, 2013 at the Faculty of Social Sciences, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań. It was a part of the conference Philosophy is changing the world! organized under the auspices of Public Philosophy & Democratic Education journal. The participants of the debate were the youth from middle and high schools in Poznań and Greater Poland and invited experts from the Institute of Philosophy, AMU: Dr. Karolina M. Cern, Dr. Andrzej W. Nowak, Dr. Krzysztof Przybyszewski. Discussion was moderated by Dr. Piotr W. Juchacz. Youth was asking, inter alia, about what human rights are and how freedom is understood within human rights; whether human rights are associated with the European culture or have universal character; whether international documents relating to human rights are fully respected in Poland; and whether attempts at restricting the access to certain content on the Internet is a violation of human rights.


PURPOSE: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of pain, balance, and left / right step time difference between elastic taping and non-elastic taping in patients with acute ankle sprain. METHODS: The subjects were patients with acute ankle sprains who had been injured within 1 day. A total of 30 subjects were divided into three groups (CG: control group, EG1: experimental group 1, EG2: experimental group 2) of 10 people. The intervention period was 3 days. In the CG, only physical therapy (cryotherapy+pulsed ultrasound) was performed, while physical therapy and elastic taping were applied in EG 1 and physical therapy and non-elastic taping


The questions of global topological, smooth and holomorphic classifications of the differential systems, defined by covering foliations, are considered. The received results are applied to nonautonomous linear differential systems and projective matrix Riccati equations.


Division design is one of the principal problems in electronic atlas design. According to the characteristics of electronic atlas, this paper puts forward the basic principles and methods of automatic map division of electronic atlas, and the atlas' map division has been accomplished automatically based on the advanced ActiveX MapX under VC++.


An increasing number of schools in Québec an offer students the opportunity to follow an intensive English as a second language program during their sixth year of elementary school. In this chapter we present the first results of a study that examines the impact of this intensive model of learning on the development of writing competence in French as the language of instruction and in English as a second language. Students in five classes (n = 105) completed a standardized test (WIAT-II) three times (beginning, middle and end of school year) to measure their writing skills in both languages. The results of these tests indicate that the students show progress in terms of overall performance in writing in both French and English. Variations in first and second language writing development are apparent when some subtest scores are examined. Certain differences are also observed when we compare the different models of intensive second language instruction that students were exposed to.


Type of funding sources: None.

 Glucagone Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists (GLP-1RAs) are incretine-based glucose-lowering drugs widely used in the treatment of Diabetes Mellitus type 2 (DM2). Several cardiovascular outcomes trials demonstrated that GLP-1RAs are capable to induce a reduction of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in DM2 patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD) or with high/very high cardiovascular (CV) risk. However, the direct effect of GLP1-RAs on cardiac function needs to be further explored.

 The aim of this study was the investigation of the effects of GLP-1RAs semaglutide or dulaglutide on cardiac systolic function in patients with DM2 and ASCVD or high/very high CV risk.

 We conducted a proof-of-concept, observational, perspective, monocentric study by the enrollment of 22 patients treated with semaglutide or dulaglutide from December 2019 to March 2020 coming from the outpatient diabetology clinic in our hospital. Each patient underwent a transthoracic echocardiographic evaluation before the drug initiation, and then reassessed after a mean follow-up of 6 months by two cardiologists with experience in echocardiography. The examination was focused on the detection of the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and the left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LV GLS) with speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) (figure 1).

 Mean age of the sample was 65 ± 10 years, with a small prevalence of male sex (64% of cases). A huge number of patients had arterial hypertension (100%), dyslipidaemia (95%), family history of CV disease (91%), obesity (86%), smoking habit (68%) and two patients had a previous myocardial infarction (MI). Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) was the most frequent comorbidity (32% of cases). A mild LV concentric hypertrophy was highly represented [median interventricular septum 12 (IQR 1) mm]. No one had valvular diseases, except for minimum/mild tricuspid and mitral regurgitation. No relevant alterations were seen in the right cardiac sections. The LVEF was normal in the majority of patients, with a median value of 59% (IQR 7%). The mean LV GLS was slightly under the normal range (−18,0% ± 1,8%). After 6-months of treatment with semaglutide or dulaglutide, was documented a clinical and statistically significant improvement of LV GLS (mean difference −1,4% ± 1,1%; p<0,001), with a mean value tending towards the normal range (19,5% ± 2,1%) (figure 2). No relevant changes were seen on the other echocardiographic parameters evaluated.

 In this setting of patients, a subclinical LV dysfunction defined by a mild reduction of LV GLS is common and may evolve towards diabetic cardiomyopathy. Semaglutide or dulaglutide should be considered as antidiabetic drugs in order to improve the systolic function. Further studies with a larger sample size and longer follow-up are ongoing to confirm these preliminary results.


Abstract— Steel sandwich structure consist of two face sheets made from material such as metal or fibre composite bonded to light weight material called as core. This light weight structure used in application of aircrafts, wind turbine blades, marine and also in other industrial sectors. In this steel structure have top and bottom side mild steel face sheets are used and for core material selected mild steel. In this way minimum weight and increasing of strength can be obtained. In this paper analysis of steel structure is done in Ansys work bench and total deformation and equivalent stress is analyzed. The model of steel structure is generated in Pro-E. The rectangular core steel structure results are compared with circular core steel structure and V core steel structure of with same boundary conditions and loading.


The aim of the paper is to analyze the competitiveness of the European textile and clothing industry under the influence of globalization and recent economic crisis. The textile and clothing industry is an important part of the European manufacturing industry, playing a vital role in the economy and social welfare in many regions of Europe. The European textile and clothing industry has undergone significant changes in recent decades due to the technological advances, developments in production costs, the emergence major international competitors and the elimination import quotas after 2005. In response to the competitive challenges, this sector of activity has undertaken a lengthy process of restructuring and modernization. Globalization and technological progress have led to rethinking the strategy of the companies in the industry. In a competitive global market, European organizations producing textiles and garments have as main competitive advantage research and continuous innovation. Using methods of qualitative research, this paper analyses the evolution of the main financial indicators concerning this sector of activity in the period 2007 – 2013, including domestic consumption, turnover, number of employees, number of companies, imports and exports. The globalization of markets, international outsourcing and development of the Internet had a major impact on the structure and dynamics of the textile and clothing industry in Europe, and in particular on small and medium enterprises. Also, relocation, subcontracting and outsourcing of large brands in this domain have contributed significantly to the increase of imports from low-cost countries. A growing number of apparel retailers have emerged on the market, organizing supply chains globally. At the same time, producers have transferred part of their activities to low-cost countries in order to maintain market competitiveness. This was determined by the major differences in salaries across the global labour markets and high profits obtained from trade. Based on the results of the analysis undertaken, the paper suggests that in recent years, the competitiveness of the textile and clothing sector fell significantly, causing restructuring and downsizing.


Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer FUSE observations of the bright binary system Capella (Alpha Aurigae; G1 III + G8 III) reveal a rich emission line spectrum containing neutral and ionic species, among them H I, O I, C III, O VI, S VI, Ne V and Ne VI. In addition the Fe XVIII 974.85 A line, formed at temperatures of approx. 6 x 10^6 K, is detected. Whereas the chromospheric and transition region emission is dominated by that from the G1 giant, consistent with results from previous ultraviolet observations, Fe XVIII is formed largely in the G8 giant atmosphere. Line ratios from C III suggest densities of 2-8 x 10^10 cm^-3, although anomalous line profiles of the 1176 transition may signal optical depth effects. The hydrogen Lyman series, detected for the first time, displays asymmetric emission consistent with an expanding atmosphere.


Analysis of biological systems is being progressively facilitated by computational tools. Most of these tools are based on qualitative and numerical methods. However, they are not always evident and there is an increasing need to provide an additional semantic layer. Semantic technologies, especially ontologies, are one of the tools frequently used for this purpose. In fact, they are indispensable for understanding the semantic knowledge about the functioning of cells on a molecular level. We describe here the biomolecular network ontology (BNO) created specially to address the needs of analysing the complex biomolecular network's behaviour. The BNO ontology is freely available at https://github.com/AliAyadi/The-BiomolecularNetwork-Ontology and can be viewed using the standard ontology visualization editor Protégé. This ontology provides qualitative simulation of large and complex biomolecular networks. Therefore, in order to evaluate the efficacy of the BNO ontology we present two kinds of reasoning mechanisms. The first consists on an SWRL rule based reasoning developed using the SWRL rules editor tab, and another consists on an implementation of a rule-based system under the MATLAB/SIMULINK development environment and can be freely downloaded at https://github.com/AliAyadi/QualitativeReasoningInMATLAB. Both of these reasoning mechanisms have been applied to the analysis of a real network of biological interest, the "bacteriophage T4 gene 32" use case.


Truly satisfied customers can be spotted immediately. They speak well of the products or services they are truly satisfied with, they spontaneously defend the brands that satisfy their needs. Achieving this is never simple. This article explains the experience of TMB, Transports Metropolitans de Barcelona, the main collective transport operator in the Barcelona metropolitan area. Over 20 years ago, TMB incorporated a customer-orientated management philosophy that has led to the development of its marketing department and the adaptation of its techniques to the special casuistry of urban public collective transport; that is to say, customer orientation without losing sight of the public function of the company, which in turn means giving more importance to the provision of service to the citizens of Barcelona than seeking commercial profit; the definition of collective transport; competing with the automobile industry and its individualistic messages; and the urban function of the company - the urban configuration of cities themselves.


We briefly review the temperature dependence of hopping conduction in doped semiconductors near the metal-insulator transition, with emphasis on recent experimental results in Si:B at very low temperatures. Our main finding is that at sufficiently low temperature the conduction is simply activated in zero magnetic field, indicating the presence of a "hard" gap in the density of states. A magnetic field suppresses this unexpectedly strong temperature dependence, changing it to the variable-range-hopping form expected for a "soft" Coulomb gap. This suggests that the density of states is determined by electron correlations due to exchange as well as charge.


In the previous papers (1-5), the authors reported the transglycosidations relating to B21 by the catalytic action of transglucosidase or transgalactosid ase of Escherichia coli, and clarified the reaction mechanism through which the B2-compounds of oligosaccharides were synthesized. It was concluded that the interaction of transglycosidase on isoalloxazine of B2 took place in the first step of the transglycosidation. The present paper demonstrates the transglycosidation from sucrose to B2 by the enzymic actions of the cell-free extract of E. coli, and the characteris tics of the B2-glycosides synthesized in such system. The results described below, confirm and extent the previous conclusion and lend support to the hypothesis that B2 plays a significant role of glycosyl carrier in biological systems of oligosaccharide synthesis.


In this article, we proceed to the performance properties of the nanoclusters, referring to the already changing their properties associated with the size impact. Consideration of size effects we start to build models of nanoclusters, which reflect changes in the dynamic stability of
 atomic clusters, structural and electronic properties. The observed properties will be considered in comparison with model calculations and predictions. The process of formation of this cluster is accompanied by a discontinuity of symmetry, which can be distinguished on the specific structure
 of the cluster. Clusters of the (Cu)n metals should have the simplest electronic structure with one s-electron in each atom over the filled electron shells and (Cu2O)n semiconductors with more complicated p–n transition.


The production and transport of ions in a neutral loop (NL) discharge plasma under a quadrupole magnetic field are investigated using a Monte Carlo method. The ion production occurred around the separatrices of the quadrupole magnetic field and decreased as the NL shrunk. The ion flux on the substrate had its peak near the foot of a separatrix. It was demonstrated that the time-averaged ion flux on the substrate can be distributed uniformly by controlling the magnetic field so that the foot of the separatrix sweeps over the substrate.


This paper designs event-triggered delay compensation and disturbance attenuation control algorithms for multi-agent systems. First, through predictor-based model reduction method, an unknown large input delay can be compensated and delay-free dynamics is obtained. Based on the transformed systems, predictive descriptor observers are proposed to obtain estimated system states and sensor faults. Then, an event-triggered fault-tolerant algorithm is designed to save energy resources for communication among the agents while attenuating the disturbances. Moreover, it is validated that the systems do not exhibit Zeno behaviour using the designed event-triggering sequence. Numerical simulations are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of designed algorithms.