To extract DNA, 0.5 to 2.0 g of fresh or frozen mycelium is ground in liquid nitrogen. The mycelial powder is divided between two Sorvall tubes each containing 15 ml of cold spermidine-SDS buffer (4 mM spermidine, 10 mM EDTA, 0.1 M NaCl, 0.5% SDS, 10 mM s-mercaptoethanol, 40 mM Tris-HCl pH 8.0), and thoroughly shaken. The mixture is then immediately extracted with 1 vol double distilled phenol. After a second phenol extraction, the aqueous phase is extracted with 1 vol chloroform. To the resulting aqueous phase is added 10% of that volume of 3M sodium acetate pH 5.5. DNA is then precipitated by addition of 2 vols of cold absolute ethanol, and recovered either by spooling it out or by centrifugation at 10,000 x g for 10 minutes. After washing with 70% cold ethanol, the DNA is air-dried at room temperature, redissolved in TE buffer (20 mM Tris-HCl pH 7.5, 0.1 mM EDTA) to a DNA concentration circa 0.5 mg/ml and stored at -20°C. Purity and average fragment size are checked by electrophoresis.


Objective To investigate the influence of Momordica charantia extract( MCE) on the immune function of BALB / c mice. Methods A total of 200 female BALB / c mice were randomly divided into negative control group( distilled water),positive control group( cyclophosphamide) and three dosage group( 1. 11,3. 33,10. 00 g / kg BW),and the mice were administered intragastrically for 30 days,the effects of MCE on humoral immunity,cellular immunity and nonspecific immunity of BALB / c mice were observed. Results The IgA levels of the middle and high-dose group of MCE compared with the negative control group were significantly higher( P 0. 05),the IgG levels of the low dose group were significantly higher than the control group( P 0. 05),andthe IL-6,IL-4 levels of the low dose group was significantly higher( P 0. 05) compared with the negative control group. Other indicators compared with the negative control group was not statistically significant( P 0. 05). Conclusion Under the dosage in this study,MCE had some regulatory effects on immune function of BALB / c mice,especially for humoral immunity and cellular immunity. However,there was no significant effects on non-specific immune.


ABSTRACT Automation is expected to have strong implications for labour-saving technologies. We calculate the proportion of jobs at high risk of automation across European regions using data from the 2018 Labour Force Survey (LFS). We examine the relationship between regional vulnerability to job automation, specialization, related (and unrelated) variety and agglomeration. The results indicate that regions at low vulnerability to job automation benefit from unrelated variety and high population density. Regions with higher proportions of clerical support workers, craft and related trade workers, and plant and machine operators and assemblers are likely to face greater disruption.


In this paper we propose to evaluate the lipid metabolism abnormalities in children and adolescents with HIV/AIDS undergoing treatment with protease inhibitors (PIs). There are over 1000 children and adolescents with HIV infection of various stages registered in the Pediatric Department of the National Institute of Infectious Diseases Prof. Dr. Matei Bals. We have carried out a retrospective study on 200 HIV seropositive children without previous lipid metabolism abnormalities in which antiretroviral treatment was initiated. In these patients we have monitored modifications in lipid metabolism secondary to antiretroviral treatment (triglycerides, cholesterol, and lipids). The majorities of abnormalities of the lipid metabolism were not severe and did not require modification or cessation of treatment. 24 months of treatment later, approximately 23.5% of patients treated with 2 NRTI+PI/r had modifications of the lipid metabolism: 34.6% had hypercholesterolemia, 38.4% had hypertriglyceridemia, and 36.9% had an increase of total serum lipids. Lipid metabolism abnormalities have been more significant in patients treated previously with antiretrovirals, especially those who have received PIs, in comparison to naïve patients.

https://revistadechimie.ro/count_redirect.asp?RevChimieID=5907&pdfArticle=pdf/52 JUGULETE 10 17.pdf


The marketing and product development of Micro and Small Enterprises (UMK) greatly rely on effective branding strategies. However, the utilization of online media for branding purposes is often lacking among MSE entrepreneurs. This community service initiative aimed to enhance the understanding and proficiency of UMK culinary product branding implementation in Karanganyar District, Karanganyar Regency, Central Java. The methodology involved short training and mentoring sessions for MSEs, focusing on three culinary business units, to design and develop marketing platforms through online media. The outcome of this activity demonstrated a significant improvement in MSEs' ability to leverage online media for branding their business products, as evidenced by the creation of various platforms such as e-commerce, Instagram, and TikTok. Implementing effective branding strategies through online media platforms has empowered MSEs to achieve optimal competitiveness in their respective culinary businesses. This study offers valuable insights and implications for researchers and professionals worldwide, highlighting the potential of online media in enhancing branding efforts for Micro and Small Enterprises in the culinary industry.
Highlight:

Community service enhances UMK entrepreneurs' understanding and implementation of branding through online media.
Increased proficiency in utilizing platforms like e-commerce, Instagram, and TikTok.
Optimal competitiveness and business development in the culinary industry.

Keyword:
Branding, Micro and Small Enterprises (UMK), Online Media, Culinary Products, Community Service


Objective To examine the clinicopathologic characteristics and prognostic factors of urinary bladder sarcomatoid carcinoma,and to improve the diagnosis and treatment of these tumors.Methods We reviewed the clinicpathological and following data of 87 cases of bladder sarcomatoid caicinoma,including 13 cases diagnosed at the General Hospital of PLA from 1999 to 2010,and 74 cases reported in the literatures.And we then calculated survival rate using the Kaplan-Meier method and analyzed the relationship between clinicaopathologic features and prognosis.Results The patients,69 males and 18 females,had a median age of 66 years(13-89 years).The most common location was the lateral wall(45 cases) and trigon(12 cases).81 patients received surgical resection.Tumor size ranged from 2 to 15 cm(mean 5.1 cm).Microscopically,coexisting carcinoma with sarcomatoid differentiation was present in all the cases,including 76 high grade urothelial carcinomas.Of the patients with a known infiltration data(n=44),23 infiltrated to muscular layer,18 to adventitia and 3 to regional organ.Immunohistochemical staining showed the sarcomatoid cells were positive for cytokeratin(CK) and vimentin.39 patients died postoperatively.1,3 and 5 years survival rate was 48%,23% and 21%,respectively.No significant difference of survival was seen for different age,sex,clinical symptoms,location,tumor size,surgical procedure,carcinoma types and infiltrating depth.Conclusions Sarcomatoid carcinoma of the urinary bladder is a highly malignant disease with high grade and advanced stage at the time of presentation,occurring predominantly in elder males.The prognosis is very poor.Early cystectomy is the first option of therapy.The operative strategies are not the prognostic factor.But further investigation needs to be done about the relationship between tumor stage and survival.


The Alto Rio Lerma Irrigation District, located in the state of Guanajuato in Mexico, is an agricultural area whose sustainability depends partially upon groundwater withdrawal for crop irrigation. Because of high pumping demands and current land-management practices, groundwater levels have declined severely, resulting in aquifer overdraft. In order to analyze economic, environmental, and water use problems in this region, 12 potential cropping patterns were generated for different groundwater withdrawals using linear programming. Then, simulation of the agricultural system was performed using GLEAMS to estimate the amounts of water, nitrate, and pesticides in both runoff and percolation for each cropping pattern. Pumping costs and an aquifer exploitation coefficient account for the economic and environmental impacts of aquifer overdraft. Finally, the Range of Value Method (multicriteria method) was applied to rank and identify the best cropping pattern. The results show the best alternative for effectiv...


This article is general theme analysis on the provision of medicines no national registry at TJDFT in the years 2013-2015. Has so systematized the arguments of decisions and their use of the foundations of the preliminary injunction suspension (STA) 175 the Supreme Court (STF) and the utterances of the National Council of Justice (CNJ) by either party to the process, from analytical description of qualiquantitativos data. It was found of respondent's judgments, the grounds for the decision STA 175 and statements provided the basis for granting the medicine without national registry on behalf of the user, even without national evidence about their effectiveness and safety - which occurred in 62 % of the studied cases.


Component-based software development was new to the local software industry in Hiroshima, Japan. For the development of the local industry, we proposed that the city government and some local companies should experiment with the new technology in real industrial settings. The goal of the project was to transfer the component-based software technology from academia to local industry to see if it could significantly improve software productivity and quality. The primary objective was to learn about component-based software development in industry. The secondary objective was to assess the benefits of the new technology in applying it to the development of typical industrial applications. The method of study we used was experimentation. This means that software engineers from the local software industry redeveloped several existing and new applications using the proposed technology, although the process to be applied was unknown.


As the lanscape of publishing and scholarly communication continues to evolve, librarians have new opportunities to make connections between users and information. AgEcon Search (http://ageconsearch.umn.edu/) is an example of the type of new collaboration librarians can forge with academic departments, professional organizations, government agencies and NGOs.


Bamboo fibers(BFs)were treated with 10% NaOH solution,and polyamide 6/bamboo fiber(PA6/BFs)composites were prepared by a twin screw extruder and an injection molding,and analyzed by SEM,DSC,XRD,TG,and mechanical testing.It demonstrated that BFs provided a larger surface area for leaching out the cementing materials during alkali treatment,which improved the mechanically interlocking between bamboo fibers and the PA6 matrix.BFs had good interfacial adhesion with PA6 matrix without obvious gaps.The presence of BFs resulted in more crystal imperfection of the PA6 component,and the increased stiffness of PA6/BFs composite accompanied by a decrease of impact strength,melt flow index,and thermal stability.The combination of reasonably good melt flow index and thermal stability of PA6/BFs composites ensured the processability of the composites during extrusion and injection molding.


The spatial randomness of nanomachines and propagation time of molecules play an essential role for determining the quality of molecular communication between nanomachines. In this study, we introduce a connectivity model in which the connection between a transmit nanomachine (TN), which is randomly distributed in space, and a receive nanomachine (RN) is achieved when a molecule emitted from the TN arrives at the RN within a time constraint. In particular, this time constraint is modeled as a random lifetime to explain the dissipation phenomenon of molecules in a medium or the random arrival time of interfering molecules. Then, we characterize the local connectivity of the RN in terms of the in-degree by averaging over the spatial randomness of nanomachines and the random first passage time of molecules, which is governed by an anomalous diffusion law.


As the largest submarine fan, the Bay of Bengal (BoB) captures the abundant environment and climate fingerprints on different time scales. To investigate the sedimentary response to climate change since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), an integrated survey was performed to study grain size, major, and trace elements (Al2O3, CaO, K2O, Na2O, TiO2, Sr, and Rb) of core BoB-24 sediments from the central BoB. The (K/Al)-TiO2 (%) relationship of the sediments was taken for the discrimination of provenance, which indicated that sediments from core BoB-24 in 24~6.5 cal ka BP were primarily from terrigenous material input from the Himalayas. In contrast, the material contribution from the Indian subcontinent increased distinctly since 6.5 cal ka BP. The rising sea level severed direct material supply, thus causing the evolution of sediment provenance of the central BoB. Meanwhile, the strengthened Indian summer monsoon (ISM) in the Holocene affected detrital material transport from offshore to the central BoB. After understanding the sediment provenance in the study, we choose the sensitive grain-size fraction to show the evolution of hydrodynamic conditions. The chemical index of alteration (CIA) and Ti/Ca and Rb/Sr ratios are calculated to indicate the change in terrigenous input and weathering intensity. The contents of sediment fraction from 11.05 to 15.63 μm, CIA, and ratios of Ti/Ca and Rb/Sr in core BoB-24 showed the same trends, which were low during the last deglaciation and late Holocene but high in the Early Holocene. The trends were strongly correlated with the variation of the Indian summer monsoon, indicating the possible impact of Indian monsoon on sediment transport in the Bay of Bengal. Alternative indicators such as the contents of ratios of Ti/Ca and Rb/Sr, CIA, and sensitive grain-size content in sediments of core BoB-24 jointly record the evolution history of ISM since 24 ka BP in the Bay of Bengal. Although the sensitivity and response of each indicator to the paleoenvironment and paleoclimate change are slightly different, on the whole, the change trend is the same. Specifically, four warm-cold alternating periods (Heinrich Event 1, Bølling/Allerød, Younger Dryas, and Early Holocene Climatic Optimum) had a strong signal in these proxies that indicated that the millennial-scale climate controls the terrigenous input to the Bay of Bengal, where a high value occurs in warm events and low value in cold events. The sedimentary pattern of the northeastern Indian Ocean provides scientific evidence for an insight into the regional response to global climate change and the long-term climate change trend of the human environment across the monsoon region.


In 2022, the number of tourists visiting Uzbekistan increased 3 times compared to 2021, and the export volume of the industry reached 1.6 billion USD. The number of domestic tourists has exceeded 11 million. But we are far from the opinion that the existing potential is being fully used, despite the fact that there are many cultural heritage objects, places of rest, and monuments that can attract the attention of tourists. There is a need for scientific approaches in the development, promotion and presentation of tourism products. The article analyses the current trends in the tourism sector of Uzbekistan and evaluates its potential in contributing to economic growth and development. Used data is derived from statistical reports of the last years. Evaluation of perspectives is performed on correlation of several indicators, related with tourism sector and overall economic conditions. Research and analysis within the scope of the article proposes that there are evident perspectives for increasing the share of tourism sector in GDP. The main recommendations for the policy in the sphere are targeted to infrastructure improvement, education, marketing and branding measures, as complex approach in promoting Uzbekistan tourism.


Strong recent selection for social cognition may well explain the persistence of genes that predispose to schizophrenia. The specific mechanism responsible may be a skewed fitness function in which selection pushes the mean for advantageous mental traits perilously close to a "fitness cliff" where the system fails catastrophically in some individuals.


During the last decade, advances in the field of Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI) have led to the design of numerous innovative imaging techniques. These techniques have not only facilitated structural visualization of anatomy, but also have provided a wealth of functional information regarding biological processes. Diffusion tensor MRI (DT-MRI) is one such technique of rapidly growing research, both in technical refinements, as well as in clinical applications. DT-MRI attempts to analyze the magnitude and orientation of random microscopic motion of water molecules in all three dimensions. In this paper, we briefly describe the principles of diffusion of water molecules in biological tissues and discuss how tensor elements are measured using diffusion sensitive MR imaging. We also discuss the various techniques of depiction of this data that are currently under evaluation, and their relevance to clinical imaging and research.


A 65-year old man presented with a threemonth history of painless gross hematuria, dysuria, urinary frequency and nocturia. An intravenous pyelography revealed normal upper urinary tract and a filling defect on the left lateral wall of the bladder. Pelvic computed tomography (CT) showed two solid papillary masses measuring 4x5 cm and 2x2 cm on the posterolateral wall of the bladder. No retroperitoneal adenopathy or metastases were found. Cystoscopic examination revealed a 4x5 cm polypoid, broad-based tumor on the left-posterior wall of the bladder. In addition, a 2x2 cm smooth polypoid mass with intact surface was determined above this tumor. These tumors were resected transurethrally and intravesical mitomycin–C was administered as a single instillation. Pathological examination revealed T1, grade 2 papillary transitional cell carcinoma and focal muscle invasive leiomyosarcoma, respectively (figure 1 and figure 2). Transitional cell carcinoma was composed of a central fibrovascular core that is covered by 8-10 215 ET N YE LL , B LENT AKDUMAN, LKER SE K NER, GAMZE NUMANO LU, N. AYDIN MUNGAN


Jointly enhancing both energy efficiency (EE) and spectrum efficiency (SE) of modulation schemes becomes one of the main issues for 5G mobile communications. Recently, an indexed modulation (IM) technique provides an interesting tradeoff between EE and SE. Data can be conveyed through the combination of subcarriers pattern that can be divided between activated/non-activated subcarriers in the frequency domain. Maximum SE can be attained at half subcarrier activation, hence producing symbols with half energy of the conventional orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) system. In this paper, alternatively, the new concept of sparsely indexing modulation (SIM) on overall subcarrier space is clarified. Sparse (few) subcarrier activations provide much higher EE, while the combinatorial indexing of the sparse subcarriers on the overall subcarriers as a single group spans huge combinatorial space that provides approximately the same SE of the plain OFDM system. The fallacy of indexing difficulty on overall subcarrier space without grouping is resolved. Moreover, a further SE improvement is suggested by introducing permutation-based indexing and combinatorial indexing on over-complete dictionaries. Sparsely indexing represents the cornerstone, which enables compressive sensing tools to enforce IM gains. Based on the conducted simulations, the proposed SIM scheme outperforms the conventional OFDM system in terms of the error performance, the peak-to-average power ratio, and the EE with the same spectral efficiency without channel coding complexity. The proposed SIM scheme is considered one of the energy saving-oriented modulations.


Niquet Valerie. Elisabeth Fouquoire-Brillet, La Chine et le nucleaire, Que-sais-je? ; Solomon M. Karmel, China and the People's Liberation Army, Great Power or Struggling Developing State? ; China Debates the Future Security Environment, ; Susan Puska ed.. People's Liberation Army After Next. In: Perspectives chinoises, n°64, 2001. pp. 72-75.


A rainfall simulation system is designed and used in centrifuge modelling of rainfall-induced landslides. The configuration of this system is described in terms of techniques special for centrifuge tests. These techniques allow the system to distribute raindrops uniformly and minimize the size effect of raindrops and the inclination of raindrops due to Coriolis effects. Hence this system is able to simulate rainfall with different intensities and durations. The function of the simulation system is verified during an infiltration process in a sand slope test in the centrifuge.


The human immuno-deficiency virus (HIV) epidemic among young people persists to be a crucial public health issue around the world, with an estimate of 4,500 new HIV infections developing among young adults each year. The youth population in subSaharan Africa has expanded by nearly 100 million over the past three decades and the rate of HIV infection in young women and girls exceeds their male counterparts by three to one. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is an innovative HIV preventative blueprint that can decrease new HIV infections when taken consistently. The introduction of HIV PrEP- in the last decade, has been associated with the most significant advancement in the HIV prevention arsenal in the form of a once-everyday combination tablet. South Africa's Department of Education collaborated with the Higher Education and Training HIV/AIDS Programme (HEAIDS), a governmental program with the purpose of developing and supporting HIV awareness programs at higher education institutions. The implementation of PrEP at universities plans to protect students at high risk of HIV acquisition and has been extended to students who are HIV negative, across nine institutions of higher learning in South Africa including those at the Durban University of Technology (DUT). PrEP was initiated in March 2019 at DUT and according to DUT management information services (2019) current data reveals a low usage of PrEP amongst these students. Even though young South African university students (aged 18-29) are among the most vulnerable groups to HIV acquisition, it is unknown about their personal experiences with PrEP - a single dayto-day tablet demonstrated to be more than 90% effective in preventing HIV. Aim The aim of this study is to understand and explore students' experiences of preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) at the Durban University of Technology. Significance of this study Campus Health clinics in higher education institutions are in a unique position to implement comprehensive, evidence-based prevention strategies that will promote the well-being of students and decrease the HIV epidemic. Methodology A descriptive, exploratory and qualitative approach was used to explore students' experiences on PrEP at DUT. Participants who had been on PrEP since 2019 at the DUT Clinic were recruited for this study and a purposive sampling technique was used. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, strict DUT mandatory rules and regulations were followed. Twelve participants, who were already on PrEP management at the campus health clinic since 18 March 2019, were recruited. Results PrEP is becoming an increasingly important component of the HIV prevention toolbox, and it is critical that access to preventive health care is maintained throughout the pandemic. According to our findings, university students were willing to use PrEP due to their risk perception of HIV. There was however a reluctance to disclose use to partners and family. Staff shortages, poor service delivery experience, and the COVID19 pandemic, all had an impact on their use of PrEP. This information will be useful in improving PrEP services provided by university student health clinics. Conclusion: University students supported the willingness to use PrEP due to their risk perception of HIV. Interventions are needed to improve compliance and reduce stigma perceptions. Measures must be taken to ensure that all clinics, including those in outlying areas, stock PrEP, the roll-out of which should be regarded as essential.


This article concerns the importance of considering context related to civic education in Poland. The very concept of citizenship, as well as the goals of civic education (education for / to democracy) are variously defined and interpreted. This is mainly due to the strong dependence of the important concepts of both time and place since they determine the configuration of historical, cultural and political perspectives. The first background analysis of the goals and objectives of civic education must be placed in the current social, political and economic


The need to direct our attention to different events in a permanent flow is the reverse of the ambition of universality that motivates journalism. Journalists cannot turn their attention to all events as if they all have the same relevance. Frames and typifications are procedures used by professionals to establish the relevance of issues. However, this relative relevance is, often, established at the expense of diversity and openness. We stand for a research project in journalism studies, drawing on plural contributions (Discourse Analysis Phenomenology, Interactionism and Ethnography) that help professionals to produce an inclusive news reporting.


Delays can be well-defined as the escalation of the stipulated time for the completion of the project. Delay is always the major loss to any construction project. In construction projects delay is a very usual thing and it can have an adverse effect on the project's time and cost. As construction is one of the largest economic activity in India, the effects of delay are still in millions, which surely decreases the GDP of the country. Delay makes the process tardy and management of delay is extremely challenging as most of the projects do not meet the expected requirement and fails to perform within time. Therefore, various types and causes of delays should be studied accurately. There are many researches on construction delays but they talk about the wide-ranging reasons of delay, so there stays a high requirement of a notable and feasible study on delays at different stages of construction process in India. The aim of the paper is to identify the causes of delays at different stages of construction through questionnaire survey in Indian construction industry. Analytical tools used in this research are relative importance index (RII) and spearman's rank correlation coefficient to rank the sources of delay with respect to its occurrence in the various stages of the construction project. The study concludes based on the correlation coefficient analysis between the construction stages, that the delays associated with before-construction stage is least related, with after-construction stage is third highly related, with construction stage is second highly related and delays associated with average/overall construction is highly related.


OF THE DISSERTATION SPECIFIC BINDING OF THE MAMMALIAN HIGH MOBILITY GROUP PROTEIN AT-HOOK 2 TO THE MINOR GROOVE OF AT-RICH DNAS: THERMODYNAMIC AND SPECIFICITY STUDIES by Tengjiao Cui Florida International University, 2007 Miami, Florida Professor Fenfei Leng, Major Professor The mammalian high mobility group protein AT-hook 2 (HMGA2) is a small transcriptional factor involved in cell development and oncogenesis. It contains three "AT-hook" DNA binding domains, which specifically recognize the minor groove of AT-rich DNA sequences. It also has an acidic C-terminal motif. Previous studies showed that HMGA2 mediates all its biological effects through interactions with AT-rich DNA sequences in the promoter regions. In this dissertation, I used a variety of biochemical and biophysical methods to examine the physical properties of HMGA2 and to further investigate HMGA2's interactions with AT-rich DNA sequences. The following are three avenues perused in this study: (1) due to the asymmetrical charge distribution of HMGA2, I have developed a rapid procedure to purify HMGA2 in the milligram range. Preparation of large amounts of HMGA2 makes biophysical studies possible; (2) Since HMGA2 binds to different AT-rich sequences in the promoter regions, I used a combination of isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and DNA UV melting experiment to characterize interactions of HMGA2 with poly(dA-dT) 2 and poly(dA)poly(dT). My


'Nature' is a key word at the beginning of the 18 th c. that appear in all fields of knowledge; the term is frequently repeated by literary critics, and thus Pope would advice poets: «First follow Nature, and your Judgment frame/By her just Standards, which is still the same», Essay on Criticism . Under the influence of Descartes, Newton and Locke, the beauty mean harmony, balance and perfect measure. During the fist quarter of 18 th c. the representation of nature wild end up in the Thomson's poem Winter . Would read the scottish poet in the english original (in his library there is a sample of the 1744 edition), and the poem wild exert considerable influence on the poet from Extremadura, above all in the Odas filosoficas y sagradas .


In this work, the effects of the extensive air showers (EAS) were described by estimating the lateral distribution function (LDF) at very high energies of various cosmic ray particles. LDF was simulated for charged particles such as the electron and positron pair production, gamma, muons and all charged particles at very high energies 10^16, 10^18 and 10^19 eV. The simulation was performed using air shower simulator system (AIRES) version 2.6.0. The effect of primary particles, energies, thinning energy and zenith angle on the charged LDF particles produced in the EAS was taken into account. The comparison of the estimated LDF of charged particles such as the electron and positron pair production and muons with the simulated results by Sciutto and experimental results by Yakutsk EAS observatory gives a good acceptance at the energy 10^19 eV for 0 and 10 zenith angles.


Background

A policy game is a structured simulated role-play dealing with highly complex decision-making in real life network settings. Its impact on health enhancing physical activity (HEPA) policy making is unexplored. We aim to explore if an internationally developed and pilot tested policy game change insight and attitude towards inter sectoral policy processes, such as the organization network, collaboration, and use of knowledge in HEPA …


Abstract The BIAcore is a powerful tool for the analysis of biomolecular interactions and its applications are expanding rapidly. At its inception the BIAcore was shown to be useful for qualitative comparisons of high-affinity interactions, such as the mapping of antibody epitopes on antigens [L. G. Fagerstam et al. (1990) J. Mol. Recogn . 3, 208-214]. Soon thereafter, the instrument was applied to more quantitative measurements, such as the determination of affinities and rate constants for antibody/antigen interactions [R. Karlsson et al . (1991) J. Immunol. Methods 145, 229-240]. Currently, the instrument is being applied to the analyses of many diverse biological interactions, including the binding of transcription factors to DNA, peptide/protein interactions, DNA hybridization, and protein/proteoglycan binding. The application of the BIAcore to these measurements is typically more convenient and faster than the technologies it replaces, but similar data can be obtained with conventional methodology. In contrast, until the advent of the BIAcore, no single, easily adaptable technique for the analysis of low-affinity macromolecular associations was available. For example, radioligand binding assays have seen universal and diverse use but often fail to measure interactions with equilibrium dissociation constants ( K d ) greater than 10 −7 M. Using the BIAcore to investigate T-cell receptor (TCR) binding to peptide/MHC molecules, we find that we can measure interactions that are 1000-fold weaker (10 −4 M). Thus, an extremely important application of the BIAcore technology is the characterization of transient, low-affinity interactions. Here, we concentrate on this application and use the binding of peptide/MHC complexes to T-cell receptors as an example.


Abstract This paper sets up an individual fixed-effect model. Taking environmental information disclosure index and independent report as an alternative to environmental information disclosure, this paper studies the impact of environmental information disclosure on Certified Public Accountants' audit fees and audit opinions. The results show that the environmental information disclosure level of the Chinese listed companies in the energy industry is positively correlated with the audit fees of CPA, and negatively correlated with the issuance of non-standard audit opinions, but whether the disclosure of independent reports has no significant impact on audit fees.


Some other nutraceuticals have begun to attain a certain level of fame for having beneficial properties for the brain. But due to Astaxanthin's superior antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties as well as a recent flurry of research in this area, indications are that it is superior to all other nutraceuticals for brain health. There is substantial evidence that most diseases associated with the brain are the result of oxidation and/or inflammation. Free radicals and singlet oxygen wreak havoc over time in your head, and the consequences, if left unchecked, manifest in such horrible diseases as:  Alzheimer's disease  Parkinson's disease  Huntington's disease  Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (Lou Gehrig's disease)  Senility  Injuries resulting from trauma  Inflammatory injuries  Other forms of age-related dementia It is essential that people take antioxidants that can cross the blood-brain barrier as they get older to protect the brain and central nervous system. Scientists believe that something may cause people's internal antioxidant defense system to malfunction or wear out as we age. Our bodies may lose the ability to produce high levels of the antioxidants that are normally produced internally such as superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase. Also, our bodies are now subjected to unprecedented levels of oxidation caused by environmental factors such as pollution, containments, processed food and the high levels of stress in modern life. All of these lead to an assault on our vital organs as we age, particularly our brains and eyes. Recent research has further validated Astaxanthin's ability to protect our central nervous system. A great deal of this research has been centered on the neuroprotective benefits of Astaxanthin. Two human clinical trials were done in Japan in the last two years in this area. The first study took ten elderly subjects with age-related forgetfulness and administered 12 mg of Astaxanthin each day for 12 weeks. The researchers found efficacy for age-related decline in cognitive and psychomotor function (Satoh, et al,


Numerical simulations can be the key to the thorough understanding of the multi-dimensional nature of transient detonation waves. But the accurate approximation of realistic detonations is extremely demanding, because a wide range of different scales need to be resolved. This paper describes an efficient simulation strategy based on a generic implementation of a blockstructured dynamically adaptive mesh refinement technique for distributed memory machines. Highly resolved detonation structure computations with detailed hydrogen-oxygen chemistry demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach in practice.


Mathematical communication is one of the and essential skills in 21st-century learning and the 4.0 Industrial Revolution. Students with low mathematical communication skills will have difficulties in solving HOTS type problems. A teaching material that does not contain mathematical communication skills affects the ineffectiveness of achieving competency standards objectives. The research aims to make the design of the teaching materials appropriate to the model of learning to improve the mathematical communication skills of the students. This research uses a development research using the ADDIE. The subject of research is the students of SMKN 3 Kasihan Bantul. The research object is a mathematical communication, a technique based approach of STAD and learners' worksheet. Data collection instruments using observation guidelines, interview guidelines, and polls. Data analysis uses Miles-Huberman, which consists of data reduction, data presentation, and withdrawal of conclusions. Research gives some results. Firstly, the mathematical communication skills of the learners are still low. Secondly, the LKPD that complies with the competency standards is needed both by teachers and learners. Thirdly, the STAD method is one of the learning approaches that can be applied to improve the communication skills of Mathematics. Fourth, the absorption of learners on sine rule material, and cosine rules are deficient. This research is to develop the LKPD based on the STAD method as well as to improve the material understanding and mathematical communication skills.


This paper presents an assessment method for measuring green jobs in Dubai. Firstly, we describe the economic structure of Dubai and identify, which part of the economic sectors can be accounted for as green by international standards. Secondly, we describe the labor market in Dubai and assign the green economy's activities to the respective labor force. Finally we conclude with a comparison with the literature and an outlook on future development.


Introduction. Actinomycosis is a disease caused by anaerobic Gramme positive bacterium Actinomyces israeli. This is a specific inflammation with characteristic pathomorphological changes (sulphur granules), which is accompanied by focuses of fibrosis and the formation of abscesses or fistulas. Actinomycosis may develop in any organ, but the most frequent localization involvs face and neck (63%), lungs (15%) and abdominal cavity, including pelvis minor (22%). Regardless of the observed decrease in the total incidence of actinomycosis in recent years, the number of cases involving the abdominal cavity and pelvis minor localization in the population of women who use intrauterine contraceptive devices (IUD) has increased. Aim. To present, on the basis of own experience, a case of multiorgan actinomycosis within the pelvis minor, as a disease which is too rarely considered in the differentiating diagnostic process in cases of tumour originating from the reproductive organ, urinary tract or alimentary tract. Materials and methods. This article discusses a case of actinomycosis of the pelvis minor, involving the left ovary and tube, bladder, rectum, sigmoideum and pelvic wall. It describes the diagnostic process preceding the surgery, the surgery itself, during which an intraoperative histopathological examination was performed, facilitating the final diagnosis and the application of penicillin therapy. Diagnostic problems involving actinomycosis and a significant role of intraoperative histopathological examination are emphasised. The relationship between pelvic actinomycosis and the application of intrauterine contraceptive device is highlighted. Conclusions. 1. Clinical picture of actinomycosis localized in the reproductive organ may be similar to that of a neoplastic process. 2. In the case of tumours of the pelvis minor of non-specific localization, associated with the application of intrauterine device as a contraceptive method, the possibility of actinomycosis should be considered. 3 Histopathological examination, performed intraoperatively or by biopsy before the surgical procedure, is decisive in the diagnostic process and subsequent treatment. 4. The evaluation of a diagnostic value of bacteriological cultures taken from the uterine cervix to detect anaerobic bacteria in the female population with an increased risk of infection caused by Actinomyces israeli requires further research
performed on a large group of patients.


In this paper we describe a Time Warp based parallel implementation of an event driven logic simulator on a distributed memory multiprocessor (ipsc/860). The basic Time Warp mechanism has been complemented with an optimized method for in-cremental state saving and a mechanism that optimizes re-simulation of a rolled back period of simulated time which is especially worthwhile for complex elements. In addition to static partitioning where elements are distributed to partitions either randomly or by using a min-cut algorithm dynamic repartitioning is possible in our implementation. For our measurements, we used a set of well-known benchmark circuits. Speedups showed to be strongly dependent on the circuit being simulated, its input stimuli and on the way circuits are partitioned. However, one observation has been made with most of the workloads: The simulators' lvt's tend to diverge extremely throughout the simulation. Even though memory requirements for state saving have been minimized , simulators whose lvt is far ahead of the other processes run out memory for larger circuits. We therefore had to limit Time Warp's optimism by preventing simulators from getting too far ahead of gvt. The Time Warp mechanism Jeeerson, 1985] is an optimistic synchronisation protocol which can be used to synchronize parallel discrete event simulation that is based on model partitioning. The protocol, however, is not restricted to this application. Each process simulates a partition of the circuit's elements and has its own simulation time (lvt) and event list. Whenever it generates an event aaecting a signal that connects to remote partitions, it sends an event message to the corresponding processes. Processes simulate their partition based on their current This work has been partially funded by the DFG (\Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft", German science foundation) under contract No. SFB 0342, TP A1 information about signal values, which, however, may be incorrect because events with time stamps in the local past of the receiving simulators may arrive from remote partitions. Such an event message is referred to as a straggler. Stragglers as well as anti messages (i.e. messages informing a process about the incor-rectness of an event message) cause the simulator to roll back, i.e. return to the point where simulation began to be incorrect. Rollback involves restoration of the local state information for the point in simulated time to which the simulator rolls back and the cancellation of all messages sent in the rolled back period. Therefore, the simulation process has to …


into the assistant leaders by drawing up a list of all tribunes in the period for whom some political activity is recorded (except Clodius), classifying them on this basis as popularis or optimate assistant leaders and analysing them in terms of their social origins and subsequent careers and shifts of allegiance (pp. 34-52, 198-217). Unfortunately, this enquiry is largely vitiated by the crudeness of the categories with which V. operates. Actions and choices are classified far too freely as popularis or optimate: it is, for example, a gross oversimplification to speak of those who sided with Caesar in 49 as the populates (p. 38) and absurd to say that by marrying his daughter to Pompey Metellus Scipio switched to the populares (pp. 46, 211). There were certainly some politicians, such as Gabinius, who built their careers round their association with a more prominent figure, but they were the exception, and to speak of all but one of the tribunes and former tribunes as assistant leaders is to misprise the complexity and vitality of political life in the late Republic. Despite such faults, V. must be given credit not only for assembling much useful material, but also for some valuable insights. A notable instance is his discussion of the behaviour of the spectators at the games (pp. 77-81). V. shows that the spectators' sympathies were normally optimate and provides a plausible explanation: the elite not only had privileged seats themselves, from which they could give a lead, but controlled access to seats.


The corrosion behavior of 6061 aluminum alloy in 80 ℃ seawater was studied with laboratory seawater immersiontest,pitting potential test and flowing seawater simulation test.It was found that there was pitting corrosion on the surface of 6061aluminum alloy in normal temperature seawater.In 80 ℃ seawater,the formation of passivation film was easier.It was found fromcorrosion potential curve in 80 ℃ seawater that passivation and activation changed alternately,the potential was-0.600 V(vs.SCE)when passivation film formation and-1.08 V(vs.SCE) when passivation film brocken.


The plants were maintained on raised greenhouse benches Each 6.5 in plastic azalea pot contained 4 plants. All plants were heavily infested with thrips of all stages. The Western flower thrips made up over 90% of the flower thrips species found in the flowers. The experimental design was a RCB with single pot treatment and each plot replicated 4 times. All materials were applied with a compressed air sprayer at 30-35 psi until runoff. Five days after treatment, 25 flowers were removed from the plants in each pot. These flowers were placed in Berlese funnels for 3 days. Thrips were collected from the funnels in 70% ethanol and were counted (adults and immatures) with the aid of a dissecting microscope.


The Nat community, which involves the people of a Madheshi Dalit caste, comprises a nomadic lifestyle and history. The main objective of this study is to investigate the lifestyle, history, citizenship, ownership of property, profession, religion, education and usage of information technology of the nomadic community with permanent residence. In this research, descriptive and explanatory research framework has been adopted. Data were collected through in-depth interviews using qualitative and quantitative methods and household survey methods. Historical and frequency analysis were adopted to analyze data. Information and data were collected through in-depth interviews with 47 respondents using a semi-structured questionnaire. This study reveals that lifestyle and occupation of Nat community were closely related with their poor educational status. Out of 47 participants of this community, 45 had got Nepali citizenship. It was found that 43 of the 47 participants had their own house. It has been found that the main occupations of all 47 respondents were begging. Out of total, 58 percent of school age children were out of school and the school going children scarcely went to school. With their nomadic lifestyle and begging occupation, they appeared be in the primitive hunter-gatherer stage of human social development. Due to the lifestyle of the Nat community, they were found to be illiterate, poor and marginalized.


In addition to its application in the production of granulated refined sugar directly from clarified cane syrup in sugar mills, the Dedini Direct Refined (DRD-Dedini Refinado Direto) can be applied as an improvement in white sugar plants and conventional refineries, allowing production of white sugar from syrups of very high colour. This paper describes the tests conducted with DRD applied to the clarification of high colour syrup obtained from the juice of a new variety of sugar cane (RB92579), widely planted in the northeast of Brazil, which has great productivity but characteristically produces a strongly coloured juice. A study of the relationship between the colour in the final crystal sugar or refined sugar and the colour of the syrup, comparing results obtained in several parts of Brazil and references in the literature, is also presented. This paper also points out the excellent performance of DRD in tests carried out in Brazilian northeast sugar mills, in which it successfully performed the decolourisation of several highly coloured syrups obtained from sugarcane mixtures with different RB92579 content.


Tendon-based transmission systems present many positive aspects and greatly simplify the mechanical design of small robotic devices, such as robotic fingers. On the other hand, they introduce several nonlinear effects that must be properly considered by the control algorithms to achieve a suitable performance level in the regulation of the finger joint torques. In this paper, the model of the tendons-based driving system and of the nonlinear effects arising from the use of sliding paths instead of pulleys for the tendon routing are discussed, and control algorithms aiming at compensating these nonlinearities are presented. Both models and control algorithms have been validated by experiments. In particular, in order to gain a better insight on the force distribution along the tendon, an experimental setup for the measurement of the tension in some intermediate points has been developed. After the identification of the tendon characteristics, a suitable control law for the compensation of the nonlinear effects due to the friction acting on the transmission system has been applied. The proposed compensation scheme is based on a sliding-mode controller with boundary layer, where the boundary threshold is modulated as a function of the desired tendon tension.


In this work, we review the architecture design of existing federated General Adversarial Networks (GAN) solutions and highlight the security and trust-related weaknesses in the existing designs. We then describe how these weaknesses make existing designs unsuitable for the requirements needed for a consortium of health registries working towards generating synthetic datasets for research purposes. Moreover, we propose how these weaknesses can be addressed with our novel architecture solution. Our novel architecture solution combines several building blocks to generate synthetic data in a decentralised setting. Consortium blockchains, secure multi-party computations, and homomorphic encryption are the core building blocks of our proposed architecture solution to address the weaknesses in the existing design of federated GANs. Finally, we discuss our proposed solution's advantages and future research directions.


Kantor Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu (KPTSP) of Kepulauan Seribu District Administration is a regional work unit set up based on Regional Regulation Number 12 year 2013 concerning the implementation of One Stop Services. This work unit has a duty to serve the licensing and non-licensing applications in accordance with Regional Regulation Number 7 year 2017, KPTSP has changed the nomenclature to become Unit Pelaksana Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu (UPTSP). UPPTSP has several levels of service points including Provincial / Dinas, City / District, Kelurahan levels. At the Dinas and Kota / Kabupaten levels, there are many requests. The work process from the beginning of entering the file through the queue until the submission of documents to the applicant has not been well organized, so there are still some obstacles in the licensing process. Constraints experienced include those from logistic management in the form of Dinas Stationery in each UPPTSP at the District and Kelurahan levels. The supply has expired, the UPPTSP in Kelurahan level wants to submit a request for goods must fill the form of an application to apply for used goods and must spend 1 day or even 2 days for sending trips request to land to be able to get the goods requested from the Regency Level UPPTSP. Because the Adm Regency UPPTSP. The Thousand Islands are within the administrative territory of the Thousand Islands District Administration, one of the Provincial Governments of DKI Jakarta. The number of Kelurahan in the District of Thousand Islands Administration is 6, namely Kelurahan Pulau Kelapa, Kelurahan Pulau Harapan, Kelurahan Pulau Panggang, Kelurahan Pulau Tidung, Kelurahan Pulau Pari, and Kelurahan Pulau Untungjawa. Based on the problems, it takes an inventory information management system that can help employees of the District UPPTSP and the Kelurahan Level UPPTSP in managing Inventory Items and Demand for Consumable Goods. This information system design method uses Object Oriented Analysis Design (OOAD) through the UML and HTML Boostrap approaches for user prototypes. With this information system, it is expected that it will facilitate employees in the process of managing and requesting consumable goods.


available data suggests that early IABP use improves outcome (3). We studied the effects of IABP on global and regional oxygenation in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with different IABP insertion timepoints. Materials and Methods: After approval of the local ethics committee we prospectively studied 26 patients undergoing cardiac surgery requiring IABP therapy for hemodynamic support. Hemodynamic and Tonometric variables, arterial lactate, and use of adrenaline were measured hourly. Seventeen patients had an initial IABP insertion after cardiopulmonary bypass, no baseline values could be recorded (Group: Initial). Nine patients developed low cardiac output syndrome during intensive care therapy and had later IABP insertion (Group: Later). Results and Discussions:


A series of TiO2 catalysts supported on the tiles were prepared by a solution impregnation method.In order to improve the activity of catalyst,the dissolved transition metals or H2O2 were added in the aniline photodegradation reaction by TiO2.,whose Kinetics was simulated the model.The results indicated that the adding a little amount of Cu2+,Mn2+ or Co2+ can raise the photodegradation efficiency,and Ni2+ was just the opposite.Likewise,the adding of H2O2 can improve the activity of TiO2,and it had the more obvious effects after interaction with Mn2+.When the reaction time was 40 min,the activity of TiO2 was improved by 7%~35% after the adding of Cu2+,Mn2+ or H2O2.


The complex [C5Me5Ru(PMe3)2(SO2)]+ is susceptible to nucleophilic attack at sulfur as shown by the reaction with ROH/Na2CO3 (R = Me, Et, i-Pr) which gives the metallosulfonic esters [C5Me5Ru(PMe3)2(SO2OR)].


WebAssembly is designed to be an alternative to JavaScript that is a safe, portable, and efficient compilation target for a variety of languages. The performance of high-level languages depends not only on the underlying performance of WebAssembly, but also on the quality of the generated WebAssembly code. In this paper, we identify several features of high-level languages that current approaches can only compile to WebAssembly by generating complex and inefficient code. We argue that these problems could be addressed if WebAssembly natively supported first-class continuations. We then present Wasm/k, which extends WebAssembly with delimited continuations. Wasm/k introduces no new value types, and thus does not require significant changes to the WebAssembly type system (validation). Wasm/k is safe, even in the presence of foreign function calls (e.g., to and from JavaScript). Finally, Wasm/k is amenable to efficient implementation: we implement Wasm/k as a local change to Wasmtime, an existing WebAssembly JIT. We evaluate Wasm/k by implementing C/k, which adds delimited continuations to C/C++. C/k uses Emscripten and its implementation serves as a case study on how to use Wasm/k in a compiler that targets WebAssembly. We present several case studies using C/k, and show that on implementing green threads, it can outperform the state-of-the-art approach Asyncify with an 18% improvement in performance and a 30% improvement in code size.


A novel dual band circular polarization microstrip antenna is presented. The antenna is based on a circular patch antenna and its circular polarization is obtained by taking advantage of the interaction of antenna cavity field with magnetized ferrite disks inserted in the cavity region. The physics of this effect is based on creation of electromagnetic vortices. The scattering and radiation parameters of the antenna are investigated. The dependence of the axial ratio and the return loss of the antenna on the position of the ferrite disks underneath the patch are analyzed. It is shown that the circular polarization can be switched if the polarity of the bias magnetic field is reversed.


In March 2016, a new protocol called licensed-assisted access (LAA) has been embodied in Release 13 (Rel-13) for Long-Term Evolution (LTE) to operate on unlicensed spectrum and interwork with Wi-Fi. The relevant standards clarify the channel access procedures and contention window (CW) adjustment procedures for LAA. In a long period of time, the coexistence performance of LAA with other technologies, especially Wi-Fi, receives people's attention and a lot of work has been done based on simulation. In this paper, we focus on the mathematical calculations and provide an analytical model of LAA defined in Rel-13, considering the features such as variable CW sizes and different channel access priority classes. The influence of LTE frame structure is also taken into account. The analytical model provides an effective method of computing the saturation throughput of different coexistence scenarios, where finite number of stations share an unlicensed ideal channel. The effectiveness of proposed model is evaluated through simulation results. We also explore how the system parameters influence the numerical results for the further study on the efficiency improvement of LAA.


ABSTRACT The aim of this research was to assess global and socio-emotional development and infant's language of caregivers by means of the third edition of Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development. Literature points peculiarities on the institutional setting and that presence or absence of mother can impact infant's development in several forms. Fourteen babies from zero to one year old that live at female prison and shelter – seven of each institution – took part of this research as participants. The subscales of Bayley: Cognitive, Motor, Language, Socio-emotional and Adaptive behaviour had been applicate based on caregiver and mother's knowledgement. It was found that babies in prison setting presented higher indices in subscales than babies in shelter setting, which had a satisfactory performance only in cognition. The data indicate the maternal presence seems essential for the healthy development. Longitudinal surveys and larger samples are suggested for statistical analysis.


Review of a health promotion program for school employees in Dallas, Texas is presented in this article. Several thousand teachers and other employees participated in a 10 week intensive intervention on health behaviors. Evaluation activities have documented important changes in several school employee health practices, in particular, increased exercise, weight loss, and blood pressure reductions. Teachers' job stress management skills apparently improved and an increase in general well-being was found. The authors' experiences in implementing, administering, and evaluating health promotion for school employeers are discussed.


The unique needs of British Isles nurses warrants the nurse educator to design an orientation program that contains specific content and issues common to the American health care system.


Gauss-Markov-Potts models for images and its use in manyimage restoration, super-resolution and Computed Tomography(CT) have shown their effective use for Non DestructiveTesting (NDT) applications. In this paper, we propose a 3DGauss-Markov-Potts model for 3D CT for NDT applications.Thanks to this model, we are able to perform a joint reconstructionand segmentation of the object to control, which isvery useful in industrial applications. First, we describe ourprior models for each unknown of the problem. Then, wepresent results on simulated data and compare them to thoseof Total Variation (TV) minimization algorithm. Two qualityindicators exploiting the segmentation are also proposed.


The effect of different media on the kinetics and mechanism of formation of diethyl (1S, 2S)-3, 3-dibenzoylcyclopropane-1, 2-dicarboxylate was investigated. The reaction was accelerated with changing the medium from non-ionic to ionic. Among the selected ionic salts, NaCl was the best salt to increase the reaction rate of the titled synthesis about 2.5-fold (kobs = 1.295 M-1.min-1 against kobs = 3.105 M-1.min-1). The incremental effect of ionic salts was found to be in this order: NaCl > NaBr > KBr > KCl. Isokinetic plots for the reaction in the presence of different salts were obtained and a linear relationship which indicated an identical mechanism for all reactions, was found. Moreover, the effect of cationic, nonionic, and anionic surfactants on the reaction rate was evaluated. Substantial reduction on the reaction rate and change in the mechanism was observed with the addition of an anionic surfactant such as sodium dodecyl sulfate. The values of activation parameters were also estimated (ΔH‡ = 80.1 ± 0.6 kJ.mol-1, ΔS‡ = 23.9 ± 2.0 J.mol-1.K-1, and ΔG‡ = 72.9 ± 1.1 kJ.mol-1) and the positive value of ΔH‡ confirmed the endothermic process and entropy value referred to an associative mechanism.


The change of the saturation magnetization of Fe films with the pressure of nitrogen during deposition ranging from 2 × 10−5 to 7 × 10−3 Torr has been investigated systematically. We found a new magnetic material which has the highest saturation magnetization at room temperature, 2050 G, among those of all the magnetic materials. This was attributed to Fe16N2, which has a bct structure, and the magnetic moment associated with Fe atoms of Fe16N2 was deduced to be 3.0 μB.


Landslides in partially saturated colluvium on Seattle, WA, hillslopes have resulted in property damage and human casualties. We developed statistical models of colluvium and shallow‐groundwater distributions to aid landslide hazard assessments. The models were developed using a geographic information system, digital geologic maps, digital topography, subsurface exploration results, the groundwater flow modeling software VS2DI and regression analyses. Input to the colluvium model includes slope, distance to a hillslope–crest escarpment, and escarpment slope and height. We developed different statistical relations for thickness of colluvium on four landforms. Groundwater model input includes colluvium basal slope and distance from the Fraser aquifer. This distance was used to estimate hydraulic conductivity based on the assumption that addition of finer‐grained material from down‐section would result in lower conductivity. Colluvial groundwater is perched so we estimated its saturated thickness. We used VS2DI to establish relations between saturated thickness and the hydraulic conductivity and basal slope of the colluvium. We developed different statistical relations for three groundwater flow regimes. All model results were validated using observational data that were excluded from calibration. Eighty percent of colluvium thickness predictions were within 25% of observed values and 88% of saturated thickness predictions were within 20% of observed values. The models are based on conditions common to many areas, so our method can provide accurate results for similar regions; relations in our statistical models require calibration for new regions. Our results suggest that Seattle landslides occur in native deposits and colluvium, ultimately in response to surface‐water erosion of hillslope toes. Regional groundwater conditions do not appear to strongly affect the general distribution of Seattle landslides; historical landslides were equally dispersed within and outside of the area potentially affected by regional groundwater conditions. Published in 2007 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Companies across the offshore supply spectrum used the recent downturn to take stock - either out of necessity or for strategic reasons ― in order to reposition themselves for when the upturn finally kicked in. OE looks at one such company, process engineering and fabrication specialist Global Process Systems.


OBJECTIVE To observe the clinical efficacy of Jujing Pill in treating oligospermia or asthenospermia.METHODS 125 cases of the oligospermia or asthenospermia patients were divided into control group(40 cases) and treatment group(85cases) at random.The control group took Vit E twice a day and 100 mg each time.The treatment group were treated by Jujing Pill one dose a day.The semen volume,semen density,a and b grade sperms,total motility rate and pregnant rate of the two groups were tested 6 months before and after treatment.RESULTS 125 patients all finished the treatment.Both two groups can increase patients' semen volume,a standard sperms,forward moving sperms and total motility rate(P0.05).The treatment group could also improve the patients' semen density remarkably(P0.05) and was superior to control group in the improvement of semen density,a grade sperms and forward moving sperms,total motility rate and pregnant rate(P0.05).CONCLUTION Jujing Pill can significantly improve the semen quality of the oligospermia or asthenospermia patients and be used to treat sterility.


PURPOSE: An NAND flash memory which includes a three-dimensional star structure capable of selecting a layer and a manufacturing method thereof are provided to independently select each string laminated in a layer selection line, thereby horizontally increasing the desired number of bit lines. CONSTITUTION: An active line is arranged with two or more semiconductor layers(22,24,26,28). A bit line(BLs) is electrically connected to the semiconductor layer with one line. A plurality of layer selection lines(LSL1,LSL2,LSL3) is arranged with the same number as the number of the semiconductor layers. A word line(WLs) is arranged by being separated from the layer selection lines. A ground selection line(GSL) is arranged by being separated from the word lines. A common source line(CSL) is electrically connected to the active lines.


65 patients ranging in age between 11 and 53 years were treated for a total of 189 cycles for a number of gynecologic dysfunctions including amenorrhea (23 cases) hypomenorrhea (10 cases) dysfunctional menometrorrhagia (11 cases) dysmenorrhea (13 cases) premenstrual syndrom (5 cases) and endometriosis (3 cases). The results summarized in 6 tables were generally very satisfactory. The drug was easily tolerated and side effects were never so severe as to prevent the continuation of treatment and could be easily controlled. The effects of the combination drug on the peripheral receptors was also studied. The results obtained proved the therapeutic efficacy of the drug.(AUTHORS MODIFIED)


A self-similar spherical collapse model predicts a dark matter (DM) splashback and accretion shock in the outskirts of galaxy clusters while misses a key ingredient of structure formation – processes associated with mergers. To fill this gap, we perform simulations of merging self-similar clusters and investigate their DM and gas evolution in an idealized cosmological context. Our simulations show that the cluster rapidly contracts during the major merger and the splashback radius rsp decreases, approaching the virial radius rvir. While rsp correlates with a smooth mass accretion rate (MAR) parameter Γs in the self-similar model, our simulations show a similar trend with the total MAR Γvir (includes both mergers and Γs). The scatter of the Γvir − rsp/rvir relation indicates a generally low Γs ∼ 1 in clusters in cosmological simulations. In contrast to the DM, the hot gaseous atmospheres significantly expand by the merger-accelerated (MA-) shocks formed when the runaway merger shocks overtake the outer accretion shock. After a major merger, the MA-shock radius is larger than rsp by a factor of up to ∼ 1.7 for Γs . 1 and is ∼ rsp for Γs & 3. This implies that (1) mergers could easily generate the MA-shock-splashback offset measured in cosmological simulations, and (2) the smooth MAR is small in regions away from filaments where MA-shocks reside. We further discuss various shocks and contact discontinuities formed at different epochs of the merger, the ram pressure stripping in cluster outskirts, and the dependence of member galaxies' splashback feature on their orbital parameters.


This article presents a detailed description of the numerical method for fully coupled calculation of two-phase electrohydrodynamic flows in electrostatic precipitators (ESPs). The method takes into consideration all the relevant processes involved in an industrial ESP; namely, flow of gas, particle dynamics and electrostatics. It employs the finite volume discretization of the governing equations of the gas flow and electrostatics, and an iterative segregated procedure to solve the resulting set of nonlinear algebraic equations. The behavior of solid particles is described in a Lagrangian manner. Particles of different sizes were tracked. Several interphase interactions, including the turbulence modulation, were modeled. As a result, a simple, accurate and efficient numerical technique, applicable to complex geometries as encountered in ESPs, is obtained. The method is applied to the analysis of the precipitation processes in an ESP with shaped collecting plates.


New 3,3′‐dithioalkyl‐2,2′‐bithiophene (SBT)‐based small molecular and polymeric semiconductors are synthesized by end‐capping or copolymerization with dithienothiophen‐2‐yl units. Single‐crystal, molecular orbital computations, and optical/electrochemical data indicate that the SBT core is completely planar, likely via S(alkyl)⋯S(thiophene) intramolecular locks. Therefore, compared to semiconductors based on the conventional 3,3′‐dialkyl‐2,2′‐bithiophene, the resulting SBT systems are planar (torsional angle <1°) and highly π‐conjugated. Charge transport is investigated for solution‐sheared films in field‐effect transistors demonstrating that SBT can enable good semiconducting materials with hole mobilities ranging from ≈0.03 to 1.7 cm2 V−1 s−1. Transport difference within this family is rationalized by film morphology, as accessed by grazing incidence X‐ray diffraction experiments.


The computational patterns of stencil operations are commonly used in HPC applications. Many HPC platforms utilize the computation capability of GPUs to accelerate stencil operations. In recent years, stencils have become more complex in terms of stencil order, memory accesses, and operator patterns. To adapt complex stencils to GPUs, various optimization techniques have been proposed such as blocking and unrolling. However, due to the complexity of GPU architecture, no single parameter setting of the optimization techniques fits all stencils. To address this problem, we propose csTuner, a scalable auto-tuning framework that quickly determines the optimal parameter setting for a given combination of optimization techniques. Specifically, csTuner leverages a set of statistics and machine learning methods to generate parameter groups and sampled parameter settings from the search space. In addition, csTuner adopts the genetic algorithm with approximation to reduce the cost of evolutionary search. The experimental results show that csTuner can find better performing settings with higher auto-tuning speed compared to the state-of-the-art works.


The generic stability on their solutions of parametric optimization problems was proved under uniform topology.According to the generic stability under epigraph topology,by way of ingeniously constructing an assistant mapping,the generic stability on their solutions of parametric optimization problems was obtained when the topology of an objective function space was defined as uniform topology.


We study the Boltzmann equation near a global Maxwellian. We prove the global existence of a unique mild solution with initial data which belong to the \begin{document}$ L^r_v L^\infty_x $\end{document} spaces where \begin{document}$ r \in (1,\infty] $\end{document} by using the excess conservation laws and entropy inequality introduced in [ 5 ].


Using the concept of 'functional load' introduced from traditional linguistics, we measured the functional load of vowels, consonants and tones in Xiahe and Lhasa dialect based on phonemic system. The result shows that the difference between FL of Lhasa and Xiahe vowels is relatively small and FL of consonants and tones added in Lhasa dialect is close to that of consonants in Xiahe. Another computation suggests the information carried by consonant is transferred to tone for abscission of pre-initial consonant and final ending. This provides reference for the dialectic divisions and production of tone theory in historical linguistics.


Community colleges enroll close to 50 percent of all students who begin higher education in the United States. Consequently, what happens at these institutions affects the course of study, the progress, and the nature of learning for nearly half of all postsecondary students. This issue presents a detailed picture of the national community college curriculum, using survey data collected in 1998 by the Center for the Study of Community Colleges. Chapters analyze approaches to general education, vocational course offerings, the liberal arts, multicultural education, ESL, honors programs, and distance learning, considering underlying philosophies, design, and content of requirements.This is the 108th issue of the quarterly journal New Directions for Community Colleges.


We present an observational analysis of the numerical simulations of galaxy custer mergers. We identify several observational signatures of recent merger activity and quantitatively assess the uncertainty introduced into cluster mass estimates when invoking the commonly held assumptions of hydrostatic equilibrium, virial equilibrium, spherical symmetry, and isothermality. We find that mergers result in multiple X-ray peaks, long-lived elongation of the X-ray emission, as well as isophotal twisting and centroid shifting to a degree consistent with recent observations. We also find an enlargement of the X-ray core relative to the dark matter core. Mergers result in nonisothermal clusters exhibiting observable inhomogeneities in the emission-weighted X-ray temperature of several keV on linear scales of less than 0.5 Mpc. The resulting gasdynamics are extremely complex, and we present an example of what might be observed by a high resolution X-ray spectograph. We further speculate that the gas dynamics, via shocks, bulk flows, and turbulence, play an important role in the evolution of cluster galaxies and associated radio sources, particularly wide-angle tailed (WAT) sources and radio halos. We find that X-ray based cluster mass estimates made under equilibrium assumptions can be uncertain by 50% or more in the first 2 Gyrs after a merger and by up to 25% after 2 Gyrs depending on the details of the analysis and projection effects. Uncertainties can be considerably larger if the temperature is not well constrained. Similar uncertainties are observed in the X-ray derived baryon mass fractions. Virial mass estimates are typically overestimated because the observed one-dimensional velocity dispersion can be severely contaminated by the infall velocity of the subcluster.


The objective of this study was to describe barn management practices and to evaluating cow locomotion, hygiene and hock lesion prevalence of dairy cows housed in Compost Barns (CB) located in the subtropical region of Brazil. The CB has demonstrated satisfactory results in relation to animal comfort and productivity. However, modifications to the initial American recommendations are being made by producers in order to adapt it to different conditions. Thirty dairy farms were analyzed regarding structural measurements and layout, management practices, bedded pack and herd characteristics. The main results highlighted were the resting space of 14.6 m 2 cow -1 , most of the farms (87%) had newly built facilities and only 43.3% were built in E-W direction. Most farms did not have ridge opening and 60 % had fans in the bedded pack area, which is mostly stirred twice a day. About a third of the farms used CB only during the hottest hours of the day or rainy periods, with pasture access the remainder of the time. The bedded pack material averaged 48.4% DM, pH of 8.68, C:N of 5.90 and deep bedding temperature of 42.52 ⁰C. Locomotion scoring showed majority of the cows with  a normal gait (95.5% of cows scoring 1 or 2 for locomotion). Hock lesions were observed in 15.5% of the animals and 84.0% of the cows were clean or only slightly dirty. This study indicates characteristics or issues to start an improvement process on CB usage in Brazilian subtropical region. The cow comfort was considered adequate, based on results of cow locomotion, lesions and hygiene scoring.


Abstract Introduction: Open educational e-resources (OERs) are one of the informational resources that are openly available to all. Open educational e-resources provide learners with free access to high-quality educational content and materials. Learners should be able to use, read, adapt, and share these resources freely. In this study, we aimed to examine academics' open educational e-resources usage intentions. We also tried to understand behavioral differences by collecting data from two different countries: Turkey and the United Kingdom. Methods: The study employed a cross-sectional approach, which is one of the quantitative research designs. In cross-sectional studies, several variables (characteristics, behavior, attitude, etc.) are measured simultaneously. Data were collected using a questionnaire based on the quantitative research paradigm. In order to address the research problem, the two researchers of the current study developed this questionnaire based on field expert opinion, a literature review, and from the researchers' experiences. The questionnaire was initially developed in Turkish and then translated into English. In the current study 67 participants from Turkey and 18 from the United Kingdom have answered all the items of the questionnaire. Results: In this study, the academics were found to be more inclined to use existing resources (81.39% for Turkey, 72.72% for the United Kingdom) than to generate e-resources of their own (47.67% for Turkey; 50% for the United Kingdom). The frequency for the usage of open educational e-resources for Turkey is 97 and 6 for the United Kingdom. The frequency number of open educational e-resources per participant from the United Kingdom averaged as less than one. Similarly, academics did not find beneficial the use of social media (frequencies for Turkey and the United Kingdom is 136 and 45) and video-hosting sites (frequencies for Turkey and the United Kingdom is 93 and 31). We can see that the academics expressed benefitting from e-resources whilst preparing new content (X̄TR=1.12, 82.09%; X̄UK=0.78, 77.78%, respectively) or enriching current content (X̄TR=1.25, 88.06%; X̄UK=0.94, 83.33%, respectively); engaging existing content (X̄TR=1.10, 80.60%; X̄UK=0.89, 72.23%, respectively) or for preparing interactive course content (X̄TR=0.73, 74.63%; X̄UK=0.94, 83.33%, respectively). The participant academics from Turkey generally reported finding e-resources to be useful in the long term (X̄TR=1.13, 83.59%), and think that they will contribute to their interdisciplinary studies (X̄TR=0.81, 71.64%). Like the academics in Turkey, academics from the United Kingdom reported finding e-resources to be useful in the long term (X̄UK=0.67, 66.67%). The academics from both countries stated that if they had more time (X̄TR=1.13, 80.59%; X̄UK=1.11, 83.34%, respectively), and if e-resources were customized more according to their needs (X̄TR=0.61, 64.18%; X̄UK=0.44, 55.56%, respectively), and they had a basic level of technology literacy (X̄TR=0.76, 68.66%; X̄UK=0.89, 68.34%, respectively), they would likely use and benefit from e-resources more frequently. Discussion: Being familiar with open educational e-resources positively affects attitudes towards open educational e-resources; therefore, academics should be encouraged to become better acquainted with the development of open educational e-resources. However, academics are ready to use and develop open educational e-resources. Managers could help to incentivize academics in this regard. In the current study, open educational e-resources preferences seem quietly low. We can especially say that the academics from the UK stated that they rarely use open course materials to learn something. It may be necessary to increase the general awareness of academics about OERs for social media and video-hosting sites as they are among the less preferred OERs. In short, the habits of academics to use OERs can vary culturally. When we compare the results for the two countries, we can say that academics from Turkey have a more positive view of using e-resources for learning purposes compared to those from the UK. Academics from both countries find the use of e-resources useful in the long term, but especially participants from the UK have neither positive nor negative opinions (approximately 50%) about utility perceptions in terms of means of working interdisciplinary, contributing their career, getting certificates, enhancing their professional recognition, making different them from their colleagues, and increasing their level of professional satisfaction. When the necessary conditions are met, academics tend to use e-resources more, and they do not overestimate the problems they face, such as the language barrier. Limitations: As one of the limitations of the current study, the data collected from the United Kingdom was considerably less than that collected from Turkey. Despite periodic reminders having been sent out with regards to the data collection form to academics working in the United Kingdom, only 41 instructors intended to answer the form and only 18 of those gave answers to all items of the questionnaire. Conclusions: This research study has shown that academics both intend to and utilize educational e-resources (including open educational e-resources) for the purposes of their own professional development; however, the results of the study have also revealed the need to increase usage more widely in this area. The current study has shown that academics working in Turkey had slightly higher e-resource usage than those working in the United Kingdom. Additionally, it can be said that the open educational e-resources usage intentions of the academics from Turkey was higher as well. Whilst the results of this study are not generalizable due to the limited sample size, academics' open educational e-resources usage intention is a promising topic of study for the future. Furthermore, it is clear that educational e-resources could be more widely employed for the purposes of professional development, regardless of the country or level of education.


This article is devoted to the study of essence of criminal penalty. In this regard emphasis is placed on law-enforcement character of the activity connected with imposition and execution of criminal penalty. Standard, procedural, and organizational aspects of this type of the state activity are considered.


Nowadays it is giveninsufficient attention to the explosion and fire hazard issues at the facilities of woodworking complex, despite the fact that its place in the enterprise security storage and processing of wooden raw materials is obviously understood due to the presence of a common factor combustible dust. This approach is reflected in the current regulatory and technical framework, its conformity assessment is the basis of expert activity. In this paperwe analyze the theory of industrial safety and its implementation. The analysis dictates the need of generalization and specification of available tools in order to ensure it is accessible and at the same time sufficiently scientifically based applications, such as operating hazardous production facilities for organizations and experts. In this account of the special technological processes at the enterprises of woodworking complex it plays the key role. The most dangerous position of woodworkning equipment with industrial safety assessment of explosive storage facilities and processing of vegetable raw materials are filter-cyclone suction of networks due to the high concentration of wood dust in a confined amount of space. It increases the risk of explosion hazards in the presence of a dusty mix source with sufficient energy. A frequent cause of fires is failure shaft bearings and their subsequent overheating. The risk of an accident carries a high blood pressure in a hydraulic press with heated upper and lower plates, used for production of sheets of plywood, MDF. All these are elements of a risk-based approach in the evaluation of industrial safety of woodworking companies.


Environmental issues, such as reducing avoidable energy consumption, require people to change their attitudes and behavior. For example, studies estimated that 26–36% of a household's energy consumption is subject to variations in everyday individual behavior (Wood & Newborough, 2003). Conserving energy is thus not only a matter of advanced insulation or heating technology. It is a way of living. People who care about energy consumption must question and reconsider their most convenient and pleasurable routines, such as taking long, hot showers or luxuriating in cool, air-conditioned breezes. While general information about energy conservation and appeals to behave accordingly are abundant (for example, in Germany: Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, Building and Nuclear Safety, 2015; Federal Government, 2013), people's behavior is not always in line with their knowledge or intentions. At the end of the day, the longing for a hot shower after a cold and stressful day may trump more abstract, future-oriented concerns for the environment. To remedy this, designers and researchers recently began to explore the roles that interactive technologies can play in supporting behavioral and attitudinal change in general (Dorrestijn & Verbeek, 2013; Fogg, 2003), and in the context of sustainability (Blevis, 2007; DiSalvo & Sengers, 2010) or psychological wellbeing (e.g., Hassenzahl et al., 2013). At the heart of supporting and motivating change through interactive technologies is the provision of feedback (for overviews see Froehlich & Findlater, 2010; Pierce, Odom, & Blevis, 2008). Individualized feedback is expected to lead to insight, selfreflection and, ultimately, change in attitude and behavior (e.g., Holmes, 2007; Lilley, 2009). Some concepts focus primarily on awareness, such as Gustafsson and Gyllenswärd's (2005) wellknown Power Aware Cord (see Figure 1), which visualizes the flow of energy by means of dynamic glowing patterns on the cord itself. This feedback, however, is not goal-oriented, since the glowing patterns do not suggest a way to reduce energy consumption. On the contrary, their intrinsic beauty may even provoke more consumption. Other concepts already monitor and present data in such a way as to imply appropriate goals (e.g., Arroyo, Bonanni, & Selker, 2005; Broms et al., 2010; Jönsson, Broms, & Katzeff, 2010; Laschke, Hassenzahl, Diefenbach, & Tippkämper, 2011). DESIGN CASE STUDY


Unmanned surface vehicle (USV) has progressed quickly in recent decades, with widespread research and practical applications in academic and industry circles. Collision avoidance is a fundamental capability of USVs. It is extremely challenging to develop an ideal and sophisticated collision avoidance algorithm for USV in complex environments and practical offshore situations. However, a supervised learning method provides the USV a way of learning the process of avoidance and imitating a human pilot maneuvering to navigate in the real environment. This study analyzes the relative relationships and features of the own and target ships in the avoidance process firstly. And then a Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) recurrent neural network model is constructed. Maneuvering commands during avoidance by human pilots are utilized as tags for training. Finally, the validity of method is proven by performing navigation experiments. In particularly, we also compare the effectiveness of GRU with Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network which is also a kind of recurrent neural network. The experimental results indicate that the proposed GRU model is better than the LSTM model, and the USV can autonomously navigate during the collision avoidance process by using the well-trained GRU model, reaching a level similar to that of human pilots.


It is shown by previous empirical study that there is "size premium puzzle" in stock market, but the study of volatility of the listed SMEs is rare. This paper uses the GARCH model to investigate the volatility of the listed SMEs of China's stock market, our empirical study uses three indexes of different stock scale. According to the research results, the volatility of the listed SMEs is significantly higher than that of the list big company. Furthermore, based on the theoretical analysis and empirical research, a new explanation to "size premium puzzle" and some valuable points of views are proposed.


Studies were made of the synthesis of β-galactosidase by Escherichia coli in the presence of 5-fluorouracil, streptomycin, and subinhibitory concentrations of chloramphenicol. The preferential inhibition of β-galactosidase synthesis observed in the presence of the above drugs was found to be caused by catabolite repression.


There is lack of noninvasive indices to detail the right side cardiovascular physiology. Total isovolumic time (tIVT) is a sensitive marker of left ventricular electromechanical efficiency and systolic‐diastolic interaction. The aim of the study was to evaluate normal reference value of the right ventricular tIVT with increasing age.


new device on the market. The new device is called &dquo;Permissive Load Control&dquo; (PLC), and was &dquo;invented&dquo; to even out the demand factor of electricity for the Treadway Inn at Niagara Falls. This Inn was designed to be the first major all-electric Inn on the Niagara Frontier. To enable this Inn to economically heat its water by electricity, the first (hand-built) PLC was installed and proved it could do the job. For certain, people &dquo;in the trade&dquo; will forever debate the virtues of one type of fuel over another with reference to cost of the fuel, convenience of its use, and capital equipment investment. The purpose of this article is not to take a position in this regard, but to acquaint other people, who have the problem of providing large quantities of hot water, with the method being used successfully and economically by the Treadway Inn. It is common knowledge that commercial and industrial consumers of electricity are charged not only by the actual kilowatt hours used during a given billing period, but also by the demand factor. The demand factor is based on the highest kilowatt consumption, usually during any 15 minute period between bills. And the cost of this demand can be up to 80% or more of the actual cost of the kilowatt hours consumed. This suggests the wisdom of special emphasis to reduce electric consumption as much as possible during peak periods and also to &dquo;store&dquo; electricity (energy) during low use periods to serve out during high consumption periods. This is basically what PLC accomplishes. How the System Works


Bacterial luciferase was linked with the electrochemically induced electron transport system, involving the dπ∗ triplet state tris(2,2′-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) and N,N′-dimethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium (MV2+), within a Nafion membrane.


The information technique brought about a train of revolutionary changes in higher mathematics, such as in preparing lessons, giving lessons and extra tutorship etc., but this was not enough. In mathematics teaching the explanation and courseware, demonstration and blackboard design, visual and abstract, in class and extracurricular must integrate with information technique and education technique together.


A report is made of the end-apparatuses of afferent nerves and their relations to other cells in the snout-skin of an adult pig.Thirty μ frozen sections were impregnated by SUZUKI's modified BIELSCHOWSKY's silver-method. The results obtained are as follows:1. In the epithelium of the snout-skin there occur two sorts of intraepithelial nerve-endings, i. e., main thick fibers which are derived from myelinated fibers and accessory thin fibers that may be primarily of an unmyelinated nature. A few accessory fibers run closely around the main fiber. The main fiber terminates at the uppermost germinal layer with small end-knobs. Both intraepithelial nerve fibers, main and accessory, pass either through the intercellular space or through the cytoplasm of epithelial cells. Knob-like endings are generally situated inside the cytoplasm of the cells forming small vacuoles, not neurofibrillar net-balls. No visualisation was made of the cylindrical columns of epithelial cells associated with intraepithelial nerve fibers, as described by BOEKE in EIMER's organ of a mole.2. In the basal part of the epidermis between coriale papillae there occurs an aggregation of so-called MERKEL's tactile cells. Careful observations led to conclude that there might be two varieties, as reported by IMAKO, in the outer layer of the root-sheath of the tactile hair in a golden hamster. The one belongs to the first type of tactile cell after IMAKO-SUZUKI, in which a nerve fiber terminates in its cytoplasm under the flat nucleus forming a disc-like termination with a vacuole. The other constitutes the second type of tactile cell after IMAKO-SUZUKI, in which there are found neither disc nor vacuole, and the nerve fiber terminates in the cytoplasm simply forming the reticulum with fine meshes around the nucleus. It became clear on careful observations of frozen sections that the second type cells occur less than the first type cells in the pig's snout-skin. The mode of nerve innervation on tactile cells shows a close resemblance to the structure of a rosary. A branch of the nerve fiber passed through each cells to form a series of tactile cells. On its way through the cytoplasm, the nerve fiber swells to shape a knob-like termination. Unlike many author's observations on the tactile cells the present author agreed with BOEKE's observation that the so-called tactile meniscus or disc was situated inside the cytoplasm.3. In the corium under epithelial papillae there occur a kind of corpuscular sensory end-organ. This organ belongs to a type of club-like end-bulb which shows often many windings and twistings. It is covered with a thin capsule of the connective tissue which is likely to be an elongated endoneural sheath of HENLE, and to be composed of two intracapsular bulbs, the dark inner one and the light outer one. Between these two bulbs there exists a thin lamelle with lenticular or oval nuclei. As this thin lamelle was assumed to be a deformed SCHWANN's sheath, the inner bulb might probably be a prolonged medullary sheath of the myelinated fiber. The outer bulb is composed of a homogeneous substance, being devoid of a lamellar structure, as seen in corpuscles of PACINI and TIMOFEEW. The band-like sensory terminal fiber runs into the axis of the inner bulb. Sometimes the terminal fiber bifurcates in the core, but its convolution and ramification are not marked. In many cases it ends at the top of the core forming a vacuole due to the enlargement of neurofibrils, but in a very few cases it terminates only with a fibrillar expansion. It never ends with a sharp spearhead appearance. In a core involving the terminal fiber, there were found small argyrophilic granules and argyrophilic striae, but no thin accessory unmyelinated fiber or 'Faden-apparat' of TIMOFEEW. In spite of careful observations an aggregation of coriale tactile cells could not be identified.


An important indicator of the socio — economic development of each country is the level of public welfare. At the same time, the level of decline in the life of various categories of citizens leads to the aggravation of the social needs of society, demanding quick solutions. Satisfying these needs at the state or municipal level is not always possible in a short period of time, which is connected with the limitation of means, the multi-level and bureaucratic nature of the system, and the lack of citizen initiative. Interest in innovations is relevant today due to the crisis phenomena in the economy of Ukraine due to the global crisis in the world due to the pandemic and military operations on the territory of the country. The development of mechanisms to encourage individuality in the process of development of the public sector is an effective way of increasing the social satisfaction of the population. The ineffective national innovation system of Ukraine, as a result of hostilities on the territory of the state, the loss of part of the territory due to the occupation of the Russian Federation, a number of restrictions on the acquisition of military equipment, the lack of sufficient funding for science and other reasons, the increase in the price of goods and services, logistical problems, the destruction of the transport infrastructure, this affected on the state and further development of industrial enterprises, led to the redistribution of shares of industries in the structure of GDP, a significant reduction in production volumes and chaotic structuring of the economy, such a high-tech, innovative one, as a result — the loss of foreign and Ukrainian sales markets, a massive reduction of workers and jobs, and migration highly qualified workers of the decline of industrial enterprises, which used to be the flagships of the state's economy. The problem of the article is to identify the main stages, methods of organizational structures for the formation and implementation of target complex programs for the development of investment and innovation activities of enterprises, the implementation of which will contribute to the success of strategic management of economic resources of economic entities. The purpose of the article is to develop a proposal for the formation and implementation of a targeted, comprehensive program for the development of innovative activities of enterprises.