Registered coronary care nurse and part-time postgraduate student Charlotte Quinn reflects on how her use of technology has changed during COVID-19 and what this means for people with less digital access.


Mood and Memory: An Association Between Pattern Separation and Depression Don J. Shelton Department of Psychology, BYU Master of Science Depression is associated with reduced declarative memory performance and decreased hippocampal volume. Depression has also been associated with decreased levels of adult neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus. Computational models propose that neurogenesis is critical for the computational process of pattern separation, whereby distinct memory representations are created for very similar stimuli and events. It has been proposed that depression negatively impacts pattern separation abilities; however, a link between depression and performance in pattern separation memory tasks has yet to be investigated. Accordingly, we designed a study to investigate the relationship between pattern separation performance and the severity of depression symptoms. Participants completed a recognition memory test with high pattern separation demands as well as a set of questionnaires to gauge their level of depression. We found a negative relationship between depression scores and pattern separation scores in support of the theory that depression is negatively related to pattern separation performance.


Significance Copy number variants (CNVs) have recently emerged as an important cause of human disorders. Most pathogenic CNVs are large and contain many genes, and identification of the specific disease-causing genes has proven to be challenging. Using an evolutionary genetic approach, we tried to identify such genes through the mapping of ohnologs, genes retained after ancestral whole-genome duplication events. Comparing the proportion of ohnologs between potentially pathogenic and nonpathogenic sets of CNVs, we found that ohnologs are significantly overrepresented in the pathogenic sets. Our results support the hypothesis that ohnologs are ancestral dosage-sensitive elements that may be responsible for some of the deleterious phenotypes observed for CNVs. A number of rare copy number variants (CNVs), including both deletions and duplications, have been associated with developmental disorders, including schizophrenia, autism, intellectual disability, and epilepsy. Pathogenicity may derive from dosage sensitivity of one or more genes contained within the CNV locus. To understand pathophysiology, the specific disease-causing gene(s) within each CNV need to be identified. In the present study, we test the hypothesis that ohnologs (genes retained after ancestral whole-genome duplication events, which are frequently dosage sensitive) are overrepresented in pathogenic CNVs. We selected three sets of genes implicated in copy number pathogenicity: (i) genes mapping within rare disease-associated CNVs, (ii) genes within de novo CNVs under negative genetic selection, and (iii) genes identified by clinical array comparative genome hybridization studies as potentially pathogenic. We compared the proportion of ohnologs between these gene sets and control genes, mapping to CNVs not known to be disease associated. We found that ohnologs are significantly overrepresented in genes mapping to pathogenic CNVs, irrespective of how CNVs were identified, with over 90% containing an ohnolog, compared with control CNVs >100 kb, where only about 30% contained an ohnolog. In some CNVs, such as del15p11.2 (CYFIP1) and dup/del16p13.11 (NDE1), the most plausible prior candidate gene was also an ohnolog, as were the genes VIPR2 and NRXN1, each found in short CNVs containing no other genes. Our results support the hypothesis that ohnologs represent critical dosage-sensitive elements of the genome, possibly responsible for some of the deleterious phenotypes observed for pathogenic CNVs and as such are readily identifiable candidate genes for further study.


Objective To establish a method to manage the information of yersinia pestis more efficiently and safely.Methods The program of management system was established using visual basic 6.0 and MIS theory.Results The system was accomplished,computerizable,and modern management about yersinia pestis information can be possible.Conclusion The system can efficiently and safely manage yersinia pestis information,it is worth popularizing.


Review(s) of: Positive Behavioural Support in the Classroom: Principles and Practices, by Sarah Landy, (2002). Baltimore, MD: Paul H Brookes 582 pp., $147.00 (paperback).


A method for generating an X-ray image sequence, comprising the steps of: a) adjusting the X-ray imaging parameters on a X-ray device, b) receiving (10) at least one X-ray image with an object to be imaged based on the set X-ray imaging parameters, c) subjecting the at least one x-ray image taken of an automatic computer-object detection (12) to a computer system and Determining at least concerning the size, the quality of the image of the object, and Determining by the computer system, whether and where the structures in an X-ray image are displayed in the vicinity of the object at least, which affects the visibility of the object, d) determining an automatic adaptation of at least one of the X-ray image recording parameters based on the determined size and changing the settings of the X-ray apparatus (14) including the environment of the object (16), and 10 e) Record () at least one further X-ray image with this X-ray apparatus.


....................................................................................................................................iv Instrumentation...........................................................................................................................v Libretto......................................................................................................................................vi I. MENELAOS (In that dark dawn of days before)...................................................................1 II. HELEN'S FLIGHT (Fading line of Argos)..........................................................................17 III. AGAMEMNON AND IPHIGENIA (Why a god should wish a life away?).....................46 IV. CLYTEMNESTRA'S VENGEANCE (So many years have come and gone)...................70 V. THE TORMENT OF ORESTES (I awoke in madness)......................................................94


The present invention is to provide a self-that, the ohmic electrode and the appropriate self-alignment for patterning through a gate electrode is excellent in reproducibility and simplify a process type T-type gate production process related to the T-aligned gate process for producing the same. Self-aligned T-gate production process of the invention for this purpose is an insulating film on the substrate, first metal layer, a first step of patterning the first photoresist layer after forming the first photoresist layer, in turn, the first photosensitive film pattern underlying Mesa removing the first metal layer such that an undercut in (Mesa) form selectively forming a gate pattern, by selectively removing such undercuts from the first metal layer underlying the insulating film to the first metal layer and the same shape to pattern the ohmic electrode area the second stage, including the ohmic electrode area, a second a third step, the first metal layer to selectively remove the insulating film after forming the ohmic electrodes by depositing a metal to be asymmetric left and right with respect to the first metal layer to after application of the second photoresist layer to remove the front of the fourth step, the first metal layer to remove the second photoresist layer until exposing the surface of the first metal layer and the insulating film And by selectively removing the gate electrode formation region, depositing a third metal to said gate regions characterized by the yirueojim by a fifth step of forming a T-shaped gate.


place in the history of steamships, because it had a vertical beam engine and paddle wheels. The authors' case is convincing and adds to the need to insist more than many have done on the complexity of the contributions, even of one man, to the evolution of steam navigation, as in most engineering inventions. While steam navigation figures largely in this study, the authors show that Symington's claim to recognition as an inventive engineer is much more widely based. R. H. Campbell University of Stirling


Raman scattering is measured in the ab plane of the Bi2.2Sr1.8CaCu2Oy superconductor. It is found that the electronic Raman scattering appears as a continuum spectrum in both polarized and depolarized scattering and the electronic continuum interferes with some phonon lines. Below Tc, the electronic continuum redistributes due to a gap formation and a broad peak appears at about 400 cm-1, which is larger than the expected value 2Δ=209 cm-1 of the BCS-theory.


Managing household solid waste is an urban problem in recent years. To tackle this problem, recycling is one of the most effective methods applicable in waste management. Recycling in the city of Laramie in Wyoming has a history that dates to 1983 with the establishment of Ark Recycling center. Laramie officially started its curbside recycling services in September 2011 and In April 2012, the city declared its long-term goal to achieve 40% diversion rate by 2030. The study involved a mail-back survey to understand public participation landscape and factors affecting recycling behaviors and attitudes of residents in Laramie. Quantitative result of the survey responses, civic engagement score, recycling importance score recycling satisfaction and recycling behavior scores were created to understand these attributes. In addition, three key informant interviews were conducted to explore efforts of the city, the University of Wyoming and the Ark Regional Services. Findings of the study show that more than 80% of the survey respondents indicated environmental concern was the major motivation to join recycling with high level of recycling importance and satisfaction. The Study further uncovered hints that Laramie needs to introduce an aggressive educational policy, incentive policies and a Master Plan to meet its 40% waste diversion rate by 2030 by maintaining stronger public participation in its planning process and community outreach programs.


The equipment already described [J. Backus, J. Acoust. Sec. Am. 56, 1266 (1974)] has been used to obtain input impedance curves for the brass instruments. By plotting such curves for a piece of plain tubing, tubing plus trumpet bell, tubing plus mouthpiece, and tubing plus bell plus mouthpiece, the transition from the odd‐multipled resonance frequencies of a closed tube to those characteristic of a trumpet is clearly shown. For a good trumpet "open"—no valves down—the resonances from the second up fit the harmonic series very closely; with all the valves down and the instrument correspondingly lengthened, the fit is considerably worse, This behavior is characteristic of the trombone and French horn also. Mutes as commonly used are hollow enclosures that behave like Helmholz resonators; impedance curves of a trumpet with mute show an additional peak due to the resonance frequency of the mute, and it is essential that this peak be below the playing range of the instrument so as not to distort its intonation...


Structure equivalence models (SEM), a new concept in groundwater modeling, have been developed to assist in groundwater planning and management. Using SEM, the engineer is able to satisfy the accuracy requirements with the least complicated conceptual model possible. For the purpose of finding this least complicated model, a technique called geological parameterization has also been developed, keeping the dimension of parameterization independent of the complexity of the model structure. In applying this new concept to the planning and management of the Hemet Basin in Riverside, California, we have found that a two-dimensional model with 9 different hydraulic conductivity values is adequate for our proposed model application.


Even though the decision making process remains a major human task, the complexity of applying holistic sustainable urban planning may require the use of planning support systems which are capable of managing the ever-increasing complexity of multiple (often conflicting) planning tasks. The integration of predictive environmental models parameters into these systems is essential to also ensure a certain coherence of the urban space with its main local environmental characteristics. This paper aims to discuss a base-knowledge of current practices and environmental challenges facing Brazilian cities and the integration of predictive microclimatic models and urban noise mapping into local urban policy.


The ISO 9000 standards are a means of defining the quality assurance and quality management programs of manufacturers. The standards can also be adopted by importers who can certify to the quality systems of their suppliers. Increasingly, forest products company managers have recognized that quality standards can have an influence on profitability, both through reducing operating costs and improving market position. As such, the ISO 9000 standard is being considered as one element of a comprehensive marketing strategy by many manufacturers. A survey was done to ascertain information about the impact of the ISO 9000 standards. Importers of U.S. sawn hardwood, sawn softwood, and softwood plywood within the United Kingdom, Germany, and the Netherlands were surveyed. The results indicate that U.S. suppliers will not presently gain a competitive marketing advantage if they are ISO 9000 registered. At present, finding suppliers with ISO 9000 registration is not amajorfactor affecting the purchasing decisions of importers. In addition, the importers surveyed did not consider ISO 9000 registration to result in higher quality products. Importers are feeling increasing pressure to become ISO 9000 registered, although at present only some government and local authority contracts demand registration within these markets.


Functioning of WSU System under Eugene McPhee; Relationship between WSU and old UW; Varying quality of WSU; Appointment as UW System vice president; Responsibilities; UW System staff under presidents John Weaver, Edwin Young and Robert O'Neil; Young and Governor Lee Dreyfus; Allocation of fee income; Problems of UW-Milwaukee; Handling building priorities; Presidents' entertaining; Board of Regents appointments; O'Neil's presidency; Alternatives to catch-up; Lack of strong leadership under Merger.


Although acute cardiovascular care is mainly focused on the management of patients presenting with acute cardiovascular symptoms it must not be forgotten that these syndromes are most often only a short-lived manifestation of an underlying, longer lasting and frequently continuously progressing cardiovascular physiopathology. It is therefore pivotal that acute cardiovascular care aims not only at alleviating the acute symptoms but also at improving the longterm outcome of our patients. A comprehensive risk stratification should be performed in all patients before hospital discharge in order to detect reversible cardiovascular risk factors that can be targeted in order to improve the long-term outcome. Most articles in this issue address different risk factors to be considered in the long-term risk stratification of patients presenting with acute cardiovascular syndromes.


The courses model of higher vocational technology education is determined by the characteristics of technical education.The basic characteristics of higher vocational and technical education are summed system from the angle of technology quality,technology ability,and technology knowledge.In accordance with the orientation,location,the fixed format of "the principle of three determining",vocational and technical education model can be divided into nine dimensions,the dimensions of the environment,the teaching model dimensions,the dimensions and cultural dimensions of management is different from construct a model curriculum for the new theory considerations.


Vibrio cholerae O1 the epidemic strains causing devastating cholera harbors two related type II topoisomerases, gyrase and topoisomerase IV which alter DNA topology through a DNA cleavage complex. Fluoroquinolones stabilizing the DNA breakage‐reunion complex are effective WHO recommended antibiotics used in the treatment of severe cholera cases. A total of 200 Vibrio cholerae O1 strains (clinical and environmental) collected from different parts of India were subjected for MIC calculations for ciprofloxacin according to the CLSI, 2010 guidelines. The strains showed reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin (MIC 0.1 to 1 μg/ml). Two mutation in quinolone resistance determining region, 1 mutation in gyrA (83S>;I) and 1 mutation in parC (85S>;L) were found consistent in all strains. These amino acid substitutions are previously known to be associated with quinolone resistance in V. cholerae. Molecular modelling studies of mutant gyrase and topoisomerase IV revealed change in binding pocket for ciprofloxacin and would lead to alter holding over DNA cleavage complex. Such type of strains experiences the inhibitory dose of ciprofloxacin as sub‐inhibitory concentration, and could be the reason of longer duration of diarrhoea. The reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin was also noticed in the hybrid V. cholerae O1 strains from recent large cholera epidemics in Western Africa and Haiti. The study suggested that the circulating epidemic strains are consistently spreading globally. It hampers the outbreak control policies which can be a serious concern in future. The use of alternate chemotherapeutic agents stabilizing the transition complex of typeII topoisomerases with DNA breakage‐reunion should be of pressing importance.


Abstract The annual reproductive cycle and the cyclical changes in the gonad of the New Zealand rock oyster, Crassostrea glomerata (Gould, 1850), during the breeding period of 1970–71 and 1971–72 have been described. The gonad passes through an intermediate phase, after a post‐spawning period, when sex is indeterminate. Gametogenesis begins in July and August, but follicles ripen mostly during the spring months of October and November. Maximum development is seen in November, and nearly all oysters are in spawning condition in December and January. Major spawning takes place in January or February depending upon water temperature, and spawning continues until the end of March. Larvae may be found in the‐ plankton until late in the season, to the end of April or even May. Following spawning, gonadial regression sets in, with leucocyte infiltration and phagocytosis of residual gonial cells. A greater percentage of oysters more than 1 y old are females. The majority of oysters of age 1 y and below are males.


Effective diffusion coefficients were measured for chloride-36 at ambient temperature (~20°C), 60°C, and 90°C in a water-saturated 75%/25% basalt-bentonite mixture. Three separate tests for each of the given temperatures were run at two bulk3densities of the medium, i.e. , 1.6g/cm3 +•lg/cin and 1.8g/cnr+ . lg/cnr. The same tests were run for carbon-14, but the data could not be analyzed to find diffusion coefficients. The diffusion of chloride was found to increase with increasing temperature. Increasing the bulk density of the diffusion medium inhibited the movement of chloride and reduced the diffusion coefficient. A one-dimensional model that was solved using the assumption of linear sorption of the tracer described the diffusion of chloride well. The effective diffusion coefficient of chloride is larger for experimental systems in which the tracer is initially present in the diffusive medium compared with when it is initially present in a solution adjacent to the medium. The diffusion coefficients of carbon-14 were not measurable because it formed a precipitate or sorbing complex with calcium and/or magnesium. DIFFUSION OF CHLORIDE-36 AND CARBON-14 IN A BACKFILL BARRIER COMPOSED OF 75% BASALT AND 25% BENTONITE


Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) –173G/C (rs755622) gene polymorphism has been associated with renal disease risk. However, lots of studies have reported inconclusive results. Therefore, we performed a meta‐analysis to investigate the relationship between MIF –173G/C gene polymorphism and renal disease susceptibility.


This study focuses on the question of how willing and prepared slide libraries are for technological change. Many slide libraries are at various stages of development, and this fact could either facilitate or inhibit growth when it comes to implementing new technologies: in particular, digitized images in any of the available formats (CD-ROM, laser disc, or online). In this case study of two Midwest academic slide libraries, issues such as funding, size of the library, current technology usage, and knowledge of various technologies, were examined to determine their effects on advancement toward new and innovative systems. These issues were addressed in an in-depth interview process with slide librarians at two different academic institutions. Since digitized images are not yet being used in the slide libraries on which this study is based, interview questions focused on opinions, attitudes and expectations about the implementation of digitization.


Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to question whether the management studies is rigorous and/or relevant is a recurrent debate in the discipline. There is reason to believe that this dichotomy is simplistic as relevance is a consequence of rigor (defined in a variety of ways in the literature), whereas the epistemic value of rigor must per se be examined in more detail.

Design/methodology/approach
Drawing on the study of the analytical philosophy of Donald Davidson, rigor is here conceptualized as the capacity to examine how intersubjective meaning is constituted on the basis of the semantics of the everyday language.

Findings
In Davidson's pragmatist view, individual beliefs are established through communication, and beliefs generate preferences and "pro-attitudes" that result in social action. Using Ian Hacking's term undoing as a critique of a proposition or idea as being no contender for truth (or some other quality) at all, the paper questions the proposition that scientific rigor can be operationalized as the use of data collection and analysis methods developed in other and more authoritative disciplines, e.g. economics. On the contrary, to make accurate descriptions of beliefs, preferences and actions on the basis of the use of everyday language is the mark of scientific rigor in management studies.

Originality/value
The paper addresses the question of how rigorous research in management studies is essentially a matter of explanation, and that explanation, in turn, demands a more elaborate theory of action. The paper also introduces the work of Donald Davidson as an important figure when theorizing action.


The recently observed Higgs like resonance at 125 GeV shows an enhanced rate in the diphoton channel, while being roughly consistent with the standard model expectation for the $WW^*$ and $ZZ^*$ channels. Such an enhancement is possible due to anomalous gauge boson couplings. We explore this feature within a minimal extension of the standard model, where a singlet scalar is introduced which also plays the role of the dark matter candidate. It is argued that such a minimal scenario, without new charged particles, can in principle lead to the desired enhancement of the diphoton rate via the induced anomalous gauge couplings, and at the same time improve the stability of the electroweak vacuum.


A longstanding and fundamental debate in developmental science is whether knowledge is acquired through domain-specific or domain-general mechanisms. To date, there exists no tool to determine whether experimental data support one theoretical approach or the other. In this article, we argue that the U- and N-shaped curves found in a number of studies across a range of developmental areas are a product of domain-general learning. This pattern arises through a combination of improving cognitive capacities, which allow for different levels of processing, and emergent constraints on learning. We propose that developmental scientists' knowledge of the meaning of this pattern can aid the theoretical interpretation of data as well as experimental design to incorporate a sufficiently inclusive range of ages.


A sensor array (13) for checking the pressure of a vehicle tyre whilst being moved over the array comprises two sets (14) and (19) of aligned, facing sensor members. The first set (14) of sensor members is formed by slits (15) cut into a plate of metal to form first fingers (16) connected in cantilevered fashion to a first base portion (17), which extend in the direction of intended vehicle movement to free ends (18). The second set (19) of sensor members is formed by slits (20) cut into a plate of metal to form second fingers (21) connected in cantilevered fashion to a second base portion (22), which extend in the reverse of the direction of intended vehicle movement to free ends (23). The fingers of the two sets are aligned and the free ends (18) and (23) are closely adjacent. Each finger is provided with a load sensing system (28, 29) which provides an indication of the load on the finger as the tyre moves over the finger. Loads are applied to different positions along the fingers as the tyre moves over the array. The sensitivity of the array increases from a minimum for a load applied where the first fingers (16) are attached to the first base portion (17), to a maximum adjacent the free ends (18, 23) of the first and second fingers (16) and (21), and then decreases to a minimum where the second fingers (21) are attached to the second base portion (22).


The principle and structure of synchronization valves are firstly introduced in this paper. Based on a set of nonlinear differential equations transfer function of the valve is derived by means of replacing—variable and linearization methods. The results obtained are useful for the designing of synchronization valves.The performance analysis and the optimization of structural parameters are founded on them. And they are also reference of the designing of controlling system. The dynamic quality of synchronization valves is analysed in the rate of self-regulation and the steady—state error through the simulation by the software matlab.


Life-cycle management was implemented in the planning,design,construction and management of Ningdong-Shandong ±660 kV DC power transmission demonstration project(abbreviated as Ningdong project).On the basis of satisfying the mechanical and electrical properties and limits on electromagnetic environment,proper expansion of single conductor's cross-section can effectively reduce line losses.This conforms to the policy of constructing"resource-conserving and environment-friendly" transmission lines.Technical and economic comparison for different combinations of conductor bundle schemes and sizes indicates that the larger the number of bundles and conductor's diameter are,the better the conductor's electric performance is.However,selection of bundle conductors with improperly large cross-section and small current density will lead to overinvestment.Besides,conductor manufacture,construction and operation should also be taken into consideration in conductor selection.Comprehensive comparison in this paper showed that 4 x JL/G3A-1000/45 bundle conductors met corona characteristics requirements with lowest yearly cost under multiple tariffs and maximum loss hours.So they were finally chosen for Ningdong project.


We have investigated nonlinear laser ̶ matter interaction inside silicon under tight focusing conditions by continuously tuning driving pulse duration from femtosecond to picosecond timescales. Such tailoring of laser pulse width provides a new route for energy delivery into a microvolume avoiding two-photon absorption and plasma defocusing in the pre-focal region. As a result, we have achieved values of saturated deposited energy density and plasma electron concentration of as high as 1 kJ cm−3 and 1019 cm−3 respectively, which is lower than the threshold of irreversible structural transformation. For further increase of energy delivery inside silicon, a two-color technique supported by extremely tight focusing can be realized, forming a roadmap to the 3D industrial micromachining of planar bulk silicon.


The surgical instrument includes a body, a trigger pivotable, a ratchet assembly, a. Ratchet assembly may include a combined brake on the rotary ratchet and body coupled to the trigger. Rotary ratchet ratchet a may further include an inclined surface to disengage from the pawl. Release features may be included from the first member to selectively disengage the second member of the ratchet assembly. In some variations, the release features may include a rotary knob or a slidable handle. In another arrangement, the ratchet assembly may have a first member and a second member coupled to a body coupled to the actuator. The assembly may include a locking member coupled to the body to selectively engage a plurality of teeth disposed on the actuator. Alternatively, the assembly may comprise one or more pivotable pawl which is coupled to an actuator that engages the notch is formed in the body.


Abstract : Mixtures of hydroxylammonium nitrate (HAN), water, and the nitrate salt of an aliphatic amine (AAN), are being actively considered as propellants for use in a liquid propellant gun. A number of such AAN salts have been considered for this application; the preferred one is triethanolammonium nitrate (TEAN), which is used in propellants LGP 1845 and 1846, the current prime candidates for the gun now under development. The physical properties of the propellants and of their components must fall within acceptable ranges for practical applications. The low temperature properties of LGP 1845 and 1846and of HAN-water and TEAN-water mixtures have been investigated. The results for LGP 1845 and 1846 show only transitions from homogeneous liquid to homogeneous glass at -90C and -100C, respectively, with no indication of crystallization or component separation over wide concentration ranges. Results for HAN-water and TEAN-water mixtures are complex; crystallization, phase separation, and glass transitions are seen. Keywords: Liquid propellants; Vapor pressure; Low temperature; Hydroxylammonium nitrate; Viscosity; Surface Tension; Density; Conductivity; Equation of State.


Abstract : Erythropoietin is effective in correcting the anemia associated with cancer and chemotherapy. However, Epo receptors (EpoR) have been found on tumor cells and Epo may stimulate these cells. We discovered that prostate cancer cell lines and primary prostate tumors express EpoR. In this study, we propose to gain insight into a pattern of EpoR expression in primary human prostate tumors and adjacent normal tissue and to study the role of the EpoR and the effect of Epo administration on growth of prostate cancer cells transplanted into SCID mice. We have prepared prostate cancer cell lines containing antisense EpoR constructs to be used in loss-of-function studies in vivo. Because we had found that the tetracycline inducible vector system was very "leaky", we transfected LNCaP and PC-3 cells with stable antisense constructs. We found that the single stranded cDNA probe was not sensitive enough and, therefore, tested an Sl nuclease protection technique. We complete 50 of our immunohistochemistry pilot study showing EpoR in primary human prostate tumors. We also determined of baseline growth kinetics for prostate cancer cells transplanted into SCID mice.


The patients of neurogenic bladder or radical cystectomy suffered much of the bladder dysfunction, leading mass wealth losses and misfortune of individual and society. We designed a new method to solve the problem: subcontaneous cystoplasty. Three skin expanders were buried around the abdominal ureter exit after cutaneous ureterostomy, then the inner skin bag were constructed by the expanded skin. The subcutaneous tunnel connected to the urine bag were pressed outside by belt to control the voiding. Skin urethra bulge, controlling the direction of the urination, located at the terminal of subcutaneous tunnel. Patients can put pressure to the subcontaneous urine bag to exhaust the urine. It may affect the appearance, but it can avoid many defects caused by ileocolic-cystoplasty, and may help neurogenic patients get ride of external urine bags.


Technology plants concrete effects on the supremacy of humans' technological success that have been remaining awe-inspiring aspects for stakeholders; teachers and students since last eras. Teachers make students technologically literate, reshape their hidden potential, skill them through modern gadgets, help in understanding and evaluating their functions applying technological and engineering standards for goal achievements. Present research was conducted to explore the effect of teachers' technological literacy on students' academic success occurs in vibrant environment on conveniently selected sample of 200 teachers working in public and private universities of district Lahore. Researchers administered a self-developed survey to collect data from teachers. Content validity of questionnaire was ensured from experts and reliability was confirmed by calculating Cronbach's Alpha Scores .821. Normality of the data was assured by calculating Shapiro-Wilk's test, ¬ n < 2000, p > .05. Students' academic success was measured through acquiring achievement scores, obtained from concerned university offices ensuring ethical considerations, as in data collections. Results of independent samples t-test and regression analysis ascertained no significant difference between usage of technological literacy by teachers' gender and university type; male teachers working in public and private universities have same usage of technological literacy as compared to female teachers. Moreover, teachers' technological literacy affect 43% on students' academic success occurs in vibrant learning environment. On the basis of results, research recommends that universities may established digital lab ensuring vibrant environment and hire technologically literate staff providing fringe benefits to meet 21st century technological literacy demands for students' success. Keywords: digital citizenship, students' achievement scores, technological literacy, technological concepts, vibrant environment


We investigate characteristic properties of effective meson-exchange potentials to achieve a simultaneous description of the nucleon-nucleon ({ital NN}) and hyperon-nucleon ({ital YN}) interactions in the (3{ital q})-(3{ital q}) resonating-group formulation of the spin-flavor SU{sub 6} quark model. The quark Hamiltonian includes a phenomenological confinement potential of {ital r}{sup 2} type, the full Fermi-Breit interaction with explicit quark-mass dependence, and the central, spin-spin, and tensor components of the meson-exchange potentials generated from the scalar and pseudoscalar meson nonet exchanges. A small number of parameters are determined to fit the {ital S}- and {ital P}-wave {ital NN} phase shifts and the low-energy cross-section data for {ital YN} scattering. Satisfactory agreement with experiment is obtained, including the {ital NN} phase shifts up to {ital J}=4 partial waves, the deuteron properties, the effective-range parameters, and the total and differential cross sections of the {Lambda}{ital N} and {Sigma}{ital N} systems. In the intermediate-energy region with {ital p}{sub lab}{ge} 400{endash}500 MeV/{ital c}, some discrepancies from the one-boson exchange potentials, such as the Nijmegen and J{umlt u}lich models, are found for the {ital YN} scattering observables. In particular, the total nuclear cross sections of {Sigma}{sup +}{ital p} elastic scattering show a smooth decreasing behavior in this energymore » region. In {Lambda}{ital p} elastic total cross sections, the cusp structure appearing at the {Sigma}{ital N} threshold through the one-pion tensor force is influenced by the antisymmetric {ital LS}{sup ({minus})} force generated from the Fermi-Breit interaction. {copyright} {ital 1996 The American Physical Society.}« less


Objective To investigate the reliability of cast measurements by comparing Photoshop and conventional hand-held method. Methods Maxillary standard plaster models from 10 orthodontic cases with crowding were enrolled in this study. The space available and the space required of anterior region were measured by using Photoshop in the digital pictures or conventional method used by 5 observers respectively.The measurement results of the same sample among every observer were analyzed with ANOVA, and the difference between the 2 methods was calculated and paired t test was used to analyze the data. Results The repeatability of measurement results was not good when the space available was measured with conven-tional method by different observer( M1 ~ M5 ), and the measurement results of M1 were significantly different from that of M3 and M5 respectively( P < 0.05 ). The repeatability of measurement results was relatively good when the space available was measured by using Photoshop, and the measurement results of M5 were significantly different from other observers ( P < 0.05 ). The measurement results of space required measured by different observer were very close, and the reproducibility was excellent when they were measured by means of Photoshop or conventional methods. Conclusion There were no much difference between Photoshop and conventional method to measure the required space. Photoshop had significant advantage over conventional method when available sRace was measured.

Key words:
Image processing, computer-assisted;  Odontometry;  Dental models;  Maxilla/AH; Mandible/AH;  Malocclusion/TH


Keeping in view that discourse is a tool to construct, reconstruct, challenge and deconstruct the ideologies, and is, thus, capable of bringing socio-political changes, the present study, qualitative and descriptive in nature, intends to conduct Positive Discourse Analysis on the inauguration speeches of Nelson Mandela, the first Black president of South Africa. Taking Van Dijk's Ideological Square as a point of departure, we have explored that Mandela used different strategies i.e. inclusive use of pronouns, positive portrayal of opponents and skillful choice of positive lexical items to challenge the Western ideology of Otherness in the country to incorporate the African philosophy of Ubuntu in his discourse to persuade his multiple layered audience to work in collaboration to attain the goal of social cohesion. The study concludes that Mandela used discourse strategically to bridge the chasm between different races of South Africa and successfully preached the lofty principles of Ubuntu, thus, emerged on the local as well as the global socio-political scene as an icon of humanity, justice and peace. Key Words: Otherness, Ubuntu, White Supremacy, Apartheid, Positive Discourse Analysis, Ideological Square.


A fly-back switching power supply based on Top226Y is presented.Its functional block diagram and principle are analyzed.A system with the two output circuit 20V/1A and 15V/1A was designed,According to the design requirements,the system hardware and deign calculation of the values of the parameters were given.At last the system output was analyzed and the result makes its voltage stable and accurate high.


62 cases of Graves' disease were treated mainly with SHYK capsule plus small dose of tapazole and compared with routine tapazole therapy as control. Results were: total effective rate of treatment group, 93. 5%, that of control group, 62. 8% with significant difference (P 0. 05). The rates of symptom improvement negative turning of immune indices in the treatment group were all superior to the control , with significant difference (P0. 05 or P0. 01), whereas the toxic and side effects of the former was lower then that in the latter (P0. 05 or P0. 01). The time for normal recovery of thyroid function between the two groups made no difference.


Due to its low computational cost, the Gaussian mixture (GM) implementation of the probability hypothesis density (PHD) filter is a good candidate for multi-target tracking (MTT), especially in real-time processing applications. In this study, we propose an explicit track continuity algorithm based on the GM-PHD filter with unknown target birth intensity for online MTT. In this approach, the identity labels of Gaussian components are divided into three classes, and the labels of confirmed components are unchanged through the overall filtering process, this can provide explicit MTT. Based on the measurements not associated with the predicted components, the adaptive target birth intensity is obtained. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed approach can achieve explicit MTT under the unknown target birth intensity scenes.


A multifrequency BIST design with scan chain presented here supports the 32 word by 32 bit, five po rt embedded register file which can perf orm simultaneous and independent reads a nd writes. We considered the special fau lt models for the complex structure of t he register file. A new algorithm named diagonal moving inversion and BIST circu it are created, which needs only N /2+2 N log 2 N operations but can achieve t he high fault coverage. This BIST design integrates functional test, dynamic par ameter capture and diagnosis together an d is flexible for all kinds of register files.


This letter proposes a novel output combining network devised to extend a Doherty power amplifier's (DPA's) radio frequency bandwidth (RFBW), while maintaining the proper load modulation, and to ensure its linearizability when driven with intra- and inter-band carrier aggregated (CA) communication signals. Based on the proposed topology, a wideband 20-W DPA was designed and implemented using packaged GaN transistors. Drain efficiency in excess of 48% was recorded at 6 dB back-off over the frequency range of 1.72-2.27 GHz. The DPA prototype was successfully linearized when driven with wideband (up to 160 MHz instantaneous bandwidth) and dual-band (up to 300 MHz carrier separation) modulated stimuli and achieved an average drain efficiency in excess of 45%.


Estimating the agricultural cost of using buffer strips and/or furrow dikes as on-farm control measures to reduce sedimentation run-off from agricultural cropland into the playa wetlands of the Texas High Plains (THP) for the purpose of increasing/preserving playa hydroperiod and protect the unique playa lake wetland systems in the THP.


This paper presents a new method of wavelength selection combined with principle component analysis (PCA) and a hierarchal method for hyperspectral data analysis. Hyperspectral data analysis is a combination of imaging and spectroscopic technology, and is utilized in several fields. In the medical field, if it is possible to distinguish the region of interest by selecting a feature wavelength without the intervention of manufacturers, spectral application as a surgery support system would be feasible. There are several analysis techniques to extract the features using hyperspectral data; however, many of these methods are premised on using all wavelengths. Considering application to endoscopes and other medical devices and reducing number of wavelengths, these methods are not  applicable. PCA is a popular analysis for reducing the number of wavelengths, and has been adapted for extracting general and clear features of specimens. However, such extracted features from the body tend to highlight the features of protein and blood making it  difficult to extract the features of cancer or other diseases. This paper proposes a two-type feature extraction method that depends on "difference" and "similarity". In this method, the PCA and hierarchal classification analysis are combined to merge the clusters based on similarity. The feasibility of the proposed method is verified by applying the method to discriminating the cancer of mouse: colonized cancer tissue after three weeks and colonized cancer tissue after one week. The results show that the proposed method can extract the two-type feature. The proposed method is had an accuracy of 75.9% in reducing the number of wavelength bands from 256 to 8 for mature cancer in mice. Although less accurate than using all wavelength bands, the eight wavelength bands are distinguished using a simplified convolutional neural network model with an accuracy of 75.9%. The proposed method is able to select the feature wavelength bands for the target. As the learning model for improving the accuracy advances beyond the simple model and the new feature is extracted in the selected wavelength bands, the method is applied to a diagnosis supporting system for endoscopic surgery and more.


An expedition to Lasitae Protected Forest in District of Barru, South Sulawesi was undertaken to collect living plants for Pucak Botanic Garden, South Sulawesi. The aims were to investigate the diversity of the plants and as a dedication to the Expedition of the Republic of Indonesia Corridor Sulawesi. Using an explorative method, we collected the plants and recorded all data in the field following the tracks assisted by the field guide. A total of 179 collection-numbers have been collected from this dry lowland forest including the data for the local names. Many potential and valuable plants occur in the forest, 13 plants were highlighted in this paper for its conservation status, the potentiality for various purposes or its uniqueness: Diospyros celebica Bakh. or streak ebony (Ebenaceae), Arenga pinnata (Wurmb.) Merr. (Arecaceae), Phyllanthus lamprophyllus Mull.Arg. (Phyllanthaceae), Cycas rumphii Miq. (Cycadaceae), Lagerstroemia speciosa (L.) Pers. (Lythraceae), Garcinia celebica L. (Clusiaceae), Nervilia aragoana Gaud. (Orchidaceae), Phalaenopsis amabilis (L.) Blume (Orchidaceae), Ophioglossum reticulatum L. (Ophioglossaceae), Tetracera scandens (L.) Merr. (Dilleniaceae), Derris trifoliata Lour., Phytocrene bracteata Wall. (Icacinaceae), and Dioscorea hispida Dennst. Buchanania arborescens (Blume) Blume and Ardisia elliptica Thunb. can easily be found and widely spread.


We present the gravitational action and Hamiltonian for a spatially bounded region of an eternal black hole. The Hamiltonian is of the general form $H=H_{+} - H_{-}$, where $H_{+}$ and $H_{-}$ are respectively the Hamiltonians for the regions $M_+$ and $M_-$ located in the left and right wedges of the spacetime. We construct explicitly the quasilocal energy for the system and discuss its dependence on the time direction induced at the boundaries of the manifold. This paper extends the analysis of Ref.~[1] to spacetimes possesing a bifurcation surface and two timelike boundaries. The construction suggests that an interpretation of black hole thermodynamics based on thermofield dynamics ideas can be generalized beyond perturbations to the gravitational field itself of a bounded spacetime region (based on the talk presented by E.A. Martinez at the Lake Louise Winter School on Particle Physics and Cosmology, February 20-26, 1994.)


The conductive component and exclude the harmful lead from the glass, and a large resistance area to the TCR characteristics, current noise characteristics, withstand voltage characteristics, the ruthenium-based resistor composition and the composition capable of forming a superior thick film resistor or the like after stable heat cycle test It provides a lead-free resistor formed by. Ruthenium-based electrically conductive component containing no lead component and, and that does not contain a lead component have basicity (Po value) of 0.4 to 0.9 free glass, a resistor composition comprising an organic vehicle, a thick film resistor body is obtained by firing this 2 Al 2 O 8 crystal to MSi (M: Ba and / or Sr) resistor composition characterized in that is present.


Over the course of several evenings in June 1995, student observers from Apple Valley Science and Technology Center in California, and Thomas Jefferson High School for Science and Technology in Virginia, participated in a joint effort to establish refined positions for the planet Pluto. Pluto's close passage to SAO 140853, a star whose coordinates are precisely known, will enable scientists to more accurately calculate Pluto's orbit. The accuracy of the distant planet's orbit is paramount in plans for spacecraft missions to Pluto and Charon.


Presents a study which aims to examine the association between a diagnosis of schizophrenia spectrum disorder and mortality in patients hospitalized for COVID-19. In this retrospective cohort study, the authors examine this relationship in a sample of adult patients hospitalized for laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 at Greater Paris University Hospitals (AP-HP). The authors included a total of 15,168 adult patients hospitalized for laboratory-confirmed COVID-19, of which patients had a diagnosis of schizophrenia spectrum disorder, or any other psychiatric disorder, and had no diagnosis of psychiatric disorder. Data were also obtained for demographic and medical risk factors associated with severe COVID-19: sex;age, categorized into three groups (18-69, 70-79, >=80 years). The crude unadjusted analysis showed a significant association between a diagnosis of schizophrenia spectrum disorder and increased mortality as compared with patients without a diagnosis of psychiatric disorder. Among patients with any psychiatric disorder, there was no significant association between a diagnosis of schizophrenia spectrum disorder and mortality in the crude analysis. Age, sex, and number of medical conditions were significantly and independently associated with mortality in the latter analysis. The results indicate that individuals with a diagnosis of schizophrenia spectrum disorder may have a greater risk of mortality than individuals without psychiatric disorders. The findings of this study support the need for targeting patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)


A novel method is proposed for reducing the errors in distance measuring sensors namely Radar to accurately detect the relative distance of any Autonomous vehicle in a surface movement scenario. Sensor distance outputs are proposed to be taken with appropriate signal conditioning as input to the well known Kalman filter and an appropriate program is proposed to be written in Mathematica-11 on a Broad-Com2837 based Linux Operating system. The distance sensor namely radar data is simulated using Mathematica-11 real random variable built in function. This data is applied as input to the scalar Kalman filter and error corrected data is obtained at the output. The measured values and error corrected values and true values of the radar are plotted along with error reduction scenario. It is observed that the considerable error reduction was obtained through this method.


Semantic Query Optimization optimize query processing by transforming a query into a semantically equivalent one, i.e. a query whose result is the same for every instance of the database. Semantic query optimization can be obtained by a query rewriting that takes into account the integrity constraints the database must satisfy. In this paper we analyze the possibility of implementing semantic optimization in OODBMs by means of the subsumption relation computation over a database schema. Subsumption relations over a schema includes all the specialization relations between classes (types) both explicitly declared in the schema and entailed by the schema. Subsumption computation has been previously used in the database area to perform schemata acquisition and checking for coherence and query processing optimization. In this paper we extend complex object data models with integrity constraints expressed as rules and propose to apply subsumption computation to perform semantic query optimization in object-oriented databases. In this way it is possible to obtain queries having as arguments more speciic classes and minimize data access. The paper includes a formalization of complex object data models including path description and integrity constraint rules, enriched with the notion of subsumption. A method for semantic query optimization is proposed and its feasibility is analyze by examining some example.


of the thesis Submitted in the partial fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE IN AGRICULTURE Faculty of Agriculture Kerala Agricultural University


The article deals with the importance of accounting for costs for the activity of manufacturing enterprises, examines the organization of cost accounting. The purpose of the paper is to investigate the organization of accounting for production costs, as well as to identify specific ways of its further improvement. It is established that there is a need to differentiate the costs of operating activities with their further detail. The importance of cost detailing by species, which provides accuracy and reliability of cost data, contributes to their efficient management. The basic prerequisites for rational organization of cost accounting have been formed and the directions for increasing the level of management of expenditure implementation have been determined. Based on the primary cost accounting documents, the required amounts are calculated by displaying them with the relevant invoices. Formation of information on production costs is carried out on accounts 23 «Production», 91 «General production costs», 92 «Administrative expenses», as well as on account 90 «Cost of sales». The debit of these accounts accounts for the costs, the loan – their debiting.
It is also determined that accounting for production costs is one of the most important elements of enterprise accounting. It is because of this improvement in accounting that much attention must be paid to this area. In improving the accounting method for the cost segment, we offer improvements in three ways:
1. developed a fragment of the Work plan of analytical accounts for synthetic accounts 91 «General production costs», 92 «Administrative expenses»,
2. Improvement of the method of «accounting and double entry» of conducting standard accounting transactions using the proposed analytics,
3. The Balance Sheet and Reporting method has been improved by improving Form No. 2 «Financial Statements (Income Statement)» by introducing additional lines.
Part of the proposed analytical accounts to the accounts 91 and 92 is indicated in Accounting provisions (standards) 16 «Expenses», however, in the Plan of accounts this analytics is not spelled out, supplementing them and grouping them, we offer second and third order subaccounts for the expense accounts 91 and 92 The existence of these subaccounts will be advisable, since it allows a clear division of production costs for each cost item, thanks to such detailing it will be possible to improve their management system, which in turn will allow to make cost reductions for specific items. Thus, through the above suggestions for improving the cost accounting method, these elements of the reporting form become more comprehensive and understandable, and also improve the quality of accounting.


High porosity and high permeability reservoirs are frequently damaged because of big throat diameters,wide size distribution of pores and enriched sensitive minerals presented in reservoir formations.Laboratory studies showed that the major factors contributing to the impairment of reservoir permeabilities during drilling are solids invasion,the retention and adsorption of polymer molecules and the invasion of liquids.A solids free low gel strength drilling fluid and a completion fluid with broken gel were selected for the development of high porosity high permeability reservoirs.Filed application showed that using the drilling fluid,higher ROP,inhibitive capacity and low fluid loss can be achieved.Using the completion fluid,the permeability of the target zones was protected against the impairment mentioned above.


www.pjonline.com When Glaxo subsidiary Allen & Hanburys initiated a programme of migraine research in 1972, it would not have expected instant results. But it was nearly 20 years before it was able to launch sumatriptan (Imigran) — the first of a new generation of selective serotonin receptor agonists that was to transform the lives of millions of migraine sufferers worldwide. Like many other doctors who were involved in the early trials of the drug, Anne MacGregor, clinical research director at the City of London Migraine Clinic, vividly recalls its impact: "We realised it was something really different when our patients told us that, instead of having to stay at home and go to bed when they had a migraine, they were able to get up and go to work," she says. Before the arrival of the triptans, standard treatment for migraine was based around aspirin and metoclopramide, and ergotamine. But, since the latter has a narrow therapeutic window, most patients relied on painkillers that did not specifically target migraine.


Lanthanum and carbon co-doped sodium tantalum oxide, La-C-NaTaO3, are prepared by incorporating lanthanum and carbon into NaTaO3 cluster via a sol-gel technique using a sucrose as carbon source. The La-C-NaTaO3 prepared sample is calcined at a temperature of 700 °C. Effects of carbon contents on the crystal, shape, optical absorption response and activity of hydrogen production of the sample are evaluated. The crystal of La-C-NaTaO3 is characterized by XRD analysis. The results show that the XRD pattern of the La C co-doped NaTaO3 is found to be crystalline phase with monoclinic structure. From the analysis of SEM images, the particle size of the prepared powder is about 40-200 nm. The optical response is examined by diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS). It is depicted that the absorption edge of La-C-NaTaO3 crystalline shift to higher wavelength. The extension to the visible light absorption edge became drastic with increasing carbon content in the sample. The photocatalytic activity of La-C-NaTaO3 is examined from water-methanol aqueous solution under visible light irradiation. It is found that the photocatalytic activity of La-C-NaTaO3 depend strongly on the doping content of C, and sample La-C-NaTaO3 shows the highest photocatalytic activity for the water reduction. The optimum amounts of carbon to maximize the hydrogen evolution rate is to be 2.5 mol %. The La-C-NaTaO3 catalyst has high activity of H2 evolution of 40.0 [μmol h-1] and long time stability under visible-light irradiation, suggesting a promising utilization of such photocatalyst. La C co-doped NaTaO3 photocatalyst can be developed further in order to produce hydrogen as a green energy.


genitalis, since this organism survived in it within a range of 31 to-20•Ž. Optimal media were a medium containing 400 pg/ml of streptomycin for cultivation of samples collected from the clitoral fossula of convalescent or asymptomatic mares and the same medium containing no streptomycin for cultivation of materials collected from vaginal exudation and uterine cervix. The MIC of streptomycin was 500 600 pg/ml for 20 strains of H. equigenitalis isolated from cervical swabs of mares spontaneously infected with ocntagious equine metritis.


Objective. To determine the factors that lead to sustained hormonal remission in patients with pituitary adenomas. Material and methods. In this study, retrospective analysis of 33 patients with pituitary adenomas with no prior DA treatment was performed. Ten (30.3 %) patients experienced microprolactinomas, 19 (57.6 %) — macroprolactinomas, 4 (12.1 %) — giant prolactinomas. All patients underwent endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery. Plasma PRL levels were obtained before surgery, and then 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, 3 months later and every 6 th month after surgery. MRI monitoring was performed before surgery and then 3 and 12 months later, and then annually. Results . Average preoperative plasma PRL serum levels for all patients with no preoperative DA treatment were 530 ng/mL (ranging 65–1440 ng/mL). Cavernous sinus invasion (Knosp 3, Knosp 4) was observed in 16 (48.4 %) cases. Depending on cavernous sinus invasion, hormonal remission with no DA therapy after surgery was achieved in Knosp 0–2 — in 16 (94.1 %) cases, Knosp 3 — in 4 (44.4 %) cases. In cases of Knosp 4 biochemical remission was not achieved in all 7 (100 %) patients. Only with further DA therapy biochemical remission was achieved. The biochemical remission was achieved in 10 (100 %) cases of microadenomas, in 7 (58.3 %) cases of macroadenomas after surgery with no DA therapy. Remission of endocrine symptoms was achieved in 18 (81.8 %) cases with no DA therapy after surgery. The follow-up was up to 3 years. Conclusions . Biochemical remission could be surgically achieved in 100 % of cases with microprolactinomas. In cases of macroprolactinomas the adenoma size (up to 24 mm) has an important role in achieving biochemical remission. Cavernous sinus invasion (Knosp 0–2) is a prognostic factor. The ophthalmic disturbances regression in macro and giant pituitary adenomas was found to be achieved much faster in surgical management rather than using DA.


ABSTRACT Physiological and biochemical changes in seeds indicates levels of viability and vigor during deterioration. The aims of the research were to study the patterns of biochemical changes in soybean seeds and its relationship to seed vigor during storage under controlled conditions. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design using two varieties as a factor which was nested into storage period and replicated four times. Two varieties were Gepak Kuning and Mallika, stored in controlled condition at temperature of 19-22 °C and 64-67% of relative humidity for six months. The seeds were evaluated for protein, peroxide value, electrical conductivity and seed viability. The exponential regression analysis was used to determine the patterns of biochemical changes of each soybean varieties during the storage period. The results showed that the biochemical behaviour of soybean seeds stored under controlled conditions for 24 weeks following the exponential equation of y = a + b expcx, which a, b, and c were constants that has different value for each variety. Electrical conductivity and peroxide value could be used as indicators of seed vigor during storage under controlled conditions for 24 weeks. Seed storage under controlled conditions are to maintain seed vigor >80% up to 12 weeks for Mallika and 24 weeks for Gepak Kuning with low oxidative process and less membrane damages. Keywords:deterioration, storability, vigor


European bankers are frustrated over regulators' inability to understand and regulate repo without further eroding liquidity in the wholesale market


Most of the recent past advances in Indian horticulture are for production with favorable agro-climate. The vast land and diverse areas of Rajasthan (desertic hot arid, semi-arid to sub-humid and tribal zone) is yet not received systematic thought for horticulture development. What is needed is intensive surveys and analysis of these vast and varied areas for their potentiality which they offer for the production of large number of fruits, vegetables, seed spices and high value crop-plants and their agro-climatologically settings for the particular crop and commodity based land and resource use, and strategies for the development of production sites and related systems (crops for truck gardening, seed production, organic culture, external and export market, rural industries and storage and marketing chain) for the defined sub-zones. Secondly, some of the existing production system should be modified and converted in to the clusters of villages or area based production sites adopting industrial approaches, and for this regional institutes, stations and KVK's should be given mandate for commodity based zonal production site intensive research and development of cultivation areas. Similarly, large-scale varietal trials on adaptive and new crops and their genotypes should be organized followed by regular supply of quality seed / planting material by specialized organization in region for stability in targeted commodity cultivation on commercial scale and development of chain for storage and marketing. At the same time, crop-commodity groups consisted of producers, research and extension services and developmental agencies be developed and recognized in each production sites (HBCPSMA) as system approach.


Methods are proposed for spline estimation of monotone regression surfaces, without additivity assumptions and allowing for linear covariate effects. The surfaces are estimated by a continuous piece-wise warped-plane spline with linear inequality constraints. Surface and covariate effects are estimated simultaneously with cone projection, leading to useful inference methods. For surfaces in two predictors, a cube-root convergence rate is attained, and conditions for square-root convergence of the linear terms are derived. Point-wise confidence intervals for the surfaces incorporate mixtures of covariance matrices, with the mixing parameters estimation by simulations. The methods are implemented in the R package cgam.


The article is devoted to the concept of evidence in criminal proceedings. The author draws attention to the variety of terminology. Tries to find out the reason for the different meanings that are put into the terms "proof" and "evidence". The question of the necessity of the concept of evidence in the text of the criminal procedure law is considered. To explain the nature of the concept of evidence, the work of processualists who formed this concept before the information model of evidence was strengthened is used. The author comes to the conclusion that despite the development of the theory of evidence and the historical continuity of its provisions, there is still a lot of uncertainty in the concept of evidence.


Introduction Michael K. Ong (The Stuart Graduate School of Business, Illinois Institute of Technology) Part 1 - Managing Capital 1. Maximising Capital Efficiency Through Active Credit Portfolio Management Alistair McLeod (Barclays Capital) 2. The Interplay Between Risk and Return Bogie Ozdemir and Peter Miu (Sun Life Financial Group (BO) and DeGroote School of Business McMaster University (PM)) 3. Assessing the Emerging Caveats of the New Market Risk Metrics Peter Dobranszky (BNP Paribas and Katholieke Universiteit Leuven) 4. Fixing What's Broken in Market Risk Capital Models Michael Gibson (Federal Reserve Board) 5. Beware of the Tail: A Survival Guide to the Tail Risk Wilderness Evgueni Ivantsov (HSBC) 6. Foreign Reserve Management & the Global Financial Crisis Orhan Kandar (Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey) 7. Managing Liquidity Risk in a New Funding Environment Peter Neu and Pascal Vogt (The Boston consulting Group) 8. Portfolio Construction and Risk Management under Non-normality Ho Ho (MSCI Inc) 9. A Roadmap to Connect Capital, Return and Credit Risk Strategies Danny Dieleman and Tamar Joulia-Paris (ING Bank (DD) and St Louis University (T J-P)) Part 2 - Measuring Capital 10. Economic and Regulatory Capital for Counterparty Credit Risk Michael Pykhtin (Federal Reserve Board) 11. Bilateral Credit Valuation Adjustment with Application to Credit Default Swaps Damiano Brigo and Agostino Capponi (King's College London (DB) and Purdue University (AC)) 12. Model-based Downturn PDs for Basel III Esa Jokivuolle and Matti Viren (Bank of Finland) 13. Capital Allocation for Credit Portfolios under Normal and Stressed Market Conditions Dirk Tasche and Norbert Jobst (FSA, London(DT) and Lloyds Bank (NJ)) 14. Designing an Effective ICAAP as an Integrated Capital Planning Tool: Managing Capital Adequacy and Procylicality Bogie Ozdemir and Peter Miu (Sun Life Financial Group (BO) and DeGroote School of Business McMaster University (PM)) 15. Addressing Procyclicality: Credit Cycles, Stress Scenarios and Portfolio Losses Jorge Sobehart and Rodolfo Giacone (Citigroup) 16. Fully Integrated Capital Models and Economic Scenario Generation Alexander McNeil, Gavin Kretzschmar and Axel Kirchner (Maxwell Institute for the Mathematical Sciences, Edinburgh (AM), EADA Business School Barcelona (GK) and Barrie & Hibbert Limited (AK)) 17. Measuring the Performance of a Business Within a Bank Stuart Turnbull (Bauer College of Business, University of Houston) 18. Risk-adjusted Performance Measurement under Model Risk Francesco Saita (Bocconi University)


The only known population of the endangered shrub Epacris stuartii Stapf was studied from 1994 to 2001 using demographic census techniques. The effects of substrate, a fire and a storm on the emergence and survival of seedlings and the survival of established plants of different sizes were examined using failure-time analyses and logit-linear models. Ninety-five per cent of seedling emergence was delayed until the second post-fire spring, an unusual response among species with persistent soil seed banks. Mortality of seedlings was extreme compared with larger-seeded species, but diminished significantly with age. Seedling mortality varied significantly between substrates: 40% of seedlings persisted for more than 5 years in mineral soil, whereas less than 10% lived more than a year on rock and intermediate substrates. However, seedling numbers and local densities were lower on soils than other substrates. Background mortality of established plants was lower on soil and intermediate substrates (0.5% per year) than on rock (3% per year). Small plants may be more susceptible than large plants on rock, but not on soil. Both the fire and the storm resulted in elevated mortality of established plants. The population exhibited a variable response to fire, with plants on rock and intermediate substrates behaving as obligate seeders, whereas plants in soil resprouted. This appears to be the first report of microhabitat variation in fire response at sympatric scales. The effects of the storm were apparently independent of substrate and plant size. The essentially independent disturbance regimes comprising recurring fires and storms are likely to have a profound effect on the long-term population dynamics of E. stuartii. Over the 7-year census period, recruitment has failed to compensate for mortality, resulting in a 30% net decline in the population. The demographic census has proved to be crucial in the detection and diagnosis of this decline.


Objective:The early phase of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by impaired respiratory mechanics, ventilation-perfusion mismatch, and severe hypoxemia. Partial ventilatory support can effectively unload the respiratory workload and improve pulmonary gas exchange with less hemodynamic compromise. The partial ventilatory support mode most indicated in early phases of ARDS has not been determined. This study compares the effects of assisted ventilatory techniques on breathing pattern, gas exchange, hemodynamic function, and respiratory effort with those of controlled mechanical ventilation in similarly sedated subjects. Design:Prospectively randomized crossover animal study. Setting:Animal research laboratory. Subjects:Eleven anesthetized and mechanically ventilated pigs. Interventions:Acute lung injury was induced by lung lavage. Pressure-controlled ventilation (PCV), pressure-controlled assisted ventilation (P-ACV), bilevel positive airway pressure (BIPAP), and pressure support ventilation (PSV) with equal airway pressures and sedation were applied in random order. Measurements and Main Results:Gas exchange, respiratory effort, and hemodynamic function were measured, and ventilation-perfusion distributions were calculated by multiple inert-gas-elimination techniques. The results revealed that partial ventilatory support was superior to PCV in maintaining adequate oxygenation and hemodynamic function with reduced sedation. The effects of P-ACV, BIPAP, and PSV were comparable with respect to gas exchange and hemodynamic function, except for a more pronounced reduction in shunt during BIPAP. P-ACV and PSV were superior to BIPAP to reduce respiratory drive and work of breathing. PSV affected the pattern of breathing and deadspace to a greater degree than did P-ACV. Conclusions:In acute lung injury, P-ACV preserves oxygenation and hemodynamic function with less respiratory effort compared with BIPAP and reduces the need for sedation compared with PCV.


"By arranging the Microcensus (the German Labour Force Survey) as a set of panel data it is possible to carry out longitudinal analyses. As participation in the survey is obligatory by law, the cases of non-response are minimal. For that reason the number of cases available is comparably high, so that analyses are even possible for small groups. This applies, for instance, to such a sub-population as the hidden labour force - an unused potential of the labour market that can contribute to securing the labour supply. The aim of this feasibility study is to assess whether the Microcensus Panel 2001-2004 can be used for the analysis of the hidden labour force. Due to the kind of data the study sets up the priority in the estimation of the discouraged workers, which might be understood as a subgroup of the hidden labour force. Discouragement has been defined according to the characteristics 'desire for work', 'looking for a job', and availability. The results show that it is possible to identify the discouraged workers in the Microcensus 2001-2004. However the analysis is limited by spatial mobility because the Microcensus has been designed as an area sample and is characterised by the fact that households which move elsewhere are no longer interviewed. As a result, only persons who do not move are covered by the Microcensus. As mobility is probably related to the labour market status this feature of the sampling might cause biased panel estimation. Unfortunately the panel weights are only of limited use as well. In addition, because of the high requirements of anonymisation, only the transition between 2002 and 2003 can be analysed." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))


Abstract : The current command and control doctrine must maintain its' centralized planning and decentralized execution focus. Centralizing execution at the operational level due to "informational" superiority will be a step back in terms of war-fighting effectiveness and will be detrimental to commanders participating in military operations other than war where interagency coordination is vital to success. Operational commanders who attempt to control tactical decisions on perfect battlefield data will cause greater uncertainty at the tactical level and leave tactical commanders second-guessing themselves. The operational commander, by definition, is ultimately responsible for mission success however; subordinate, tactical commanders may be given authority to execute tasks relieving some of the burden on the operational commander. The Naval Composite Warfare Commander's Manual provides a model for doctrinal structure and organizational behavior that has proven successful on the tactical level. This platform-centric approach to command and coordination should become the model for operational level commanders in the network-centric future.


Research activities on operations management in the last years are always more dedicated to supply chain and logistics optimization models. The study belongs to this branch and describes the problems related to a re-configuration of the distribution net in a company that produces medical oxygen cylinders for Italian market. The enterprise is particularly sensible to the optimization of supplying processes due to the characteristics of its product, as any delay in the delivery could create dangerous health situation for patients. The work has the objective to realize a software for supply chain management that could be a decision support system, analyzing strategic impacts that changes in distribution system create. In details, the model shows the differences in service level in case of closing one or more factories and the relative necessary changes in logistics net. The paper is articulated in the following parts: analysis of company and construction of simulation model; study of classic operation research techniques to solve dynamic vehicle routing problems; description of possible scenes derived by strategic decision in closing factories; analysis of experiments and global conclusions and developments.


Teacher evaluation in China changed with China's curriculum reform, which focused on nurturing well-rounded students as well as improving the quality of education. In 2009, China implemented its teacher performance pay policy, which is one of the many changes envisioned in the curriculum reform. However, there is no recent research that has been carried out with an aim of establishing whether such teacher evaluation process has been implemented successfully. Building on previous literature on teacher evaluation, this master's thesis used a questionnaire study that examined the teacher evaluation process in public schools from 8 cities in China and the effects of teacher evaluation on teaching practice. The endpoints of this study include explication of the details of the teacher evaluation process in Chinese public schools. In turn, these details will provide the basis for suggesting improvements on the teacher evaluation system and ultimately teacher effectiveness.


Microgrids, which are small electric power systems, accommodate different distributed generations and energy storage system. When faults occur outside or inside a microgrid, the static switch between bulk power system and microgrid must immediately open the circuit. This paper presents a fault detection, classification, and localization method that is based on a multiresolution analysis of the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and a Taguchi-based artificial neural network (ANN). The differences of wavelet entropies of the three-phase fault voltages, three-phase fault currents, and the wavelet entropies of the neutral fault current are inputs to the ANN, which is trained using orthogonal datasets that are obtained from Taguchi's experiments. The ANN identifies the faulty phase and the location of the fault. The proposed DWT and ANN are implemented in a Renesas RX62T microcontroller, which is verified by chip-in-the-loop simulation with a real-time digital simulator (OP5600, Opal Lab) and a 50 kVA static switch to show the applicability of the proposed method.


In order to realize the re-utilization of LF hot steel slag,the change of LF refining slag composition,desulphurizing capacity and ability for absorption of inclusion was investigated in the currently process of hot re-utilization in WISCO.The results show that,after re-utilization of LF hot steel slag,desulfurization efficiency can reach more than 90%,sulphur content of molten steel can reach 0.001% in the end of refining,the total oxygen in molten steel can reduce 17.50×10-6,nitrogen content can reduce 17.00×10-6,inclusion's content can reduce 4.47 per square millimeter relative to not cycle.According to the refining effect after two cycle,through controlling the slag amount of recycling and lime amount of replenishing,the following results can be obtained,such as the sulphur content in the initial slag less than 0.20%,the basicity of final slag in the range of 12.00-20.00,w(CaO)/w(Al2O3) in the range of 1.75-2.00.The desulfurization efficiency and w((S))/w([S]) are not limited by cycle times.


Underwater object tracking is one of the most essential and fundamental tasks in ocean investigations recent years. In this paper, we try to capture multi-scale retinex (MSR) model as well as the partial least square (PLS) analysis for underwater object tracking. We first make use of multi-scale retinex model to evolve and enhance the partial color constancy from the underwater video sequences, which could provide a versatile automatic strategy to simultaneous sharpening, dynamic range compression and color rendition. The partial least square analysis is further taken to capture the trajectories of underwater objects by learning a set of underwater appearance models for adaptive discriminative object representation. The proposed object tracking algorithm exploits both the ground truth appearance information of the labeled underwater object in the first frame and the image sequences observed online, thereby alleviating the tracking drift problem caused by modeling update.


This study aims to compare the leisure type and smoking attitude among college students to provide the fundamental data for developing smoking Cessation programmes. To achieve the goal, 200 samples were collected from Seoul, Kyiinggi Do, KyungSang Do, ChungChung Do. SPSS 15.0 were used to analyze the data with frequency analiysis, exploratory factor analysis, stochastic confidence test, one-way ANOVA analysis. The results are as follows; First, for continued non-smoking, more participation to leisure activity is needed, therefore offering a variety of leisure and active promotion of the programme is important. second, longer leisure participation showed a positive attitude toward non-smoking. Thus, the expansion of students' leisure time is needed. Third, smoking attitude showed differently by types of living arragment. When provide the smoking cessation programme, consider living arrangement type and appropriate leisure programme is needed.


In ancient Chinese story writing, rewriting, i.e.,creating new texts by retelling or changing an old story, is a very forceful method. The original stories are called Benshi, and plottype Benshi is one of them, which is the part that is used to enrich the rewritten texts or that constitutes the main body of the rewritten texts.In rewriting, three paterns are used, including evolution of plot on the basis of the original text, stringing together several plots and changing sopme parts of the plot.


Abstract. Increasing atmospheric temperatures over ice cover affect surface processes,
including melt, snowfall, and snow density. Here, we present the Surface Mass
Balance and Snow on Sea Ice Working Group
(SUMup) dataset, a standardized dataset of Arctic and Antarctic observations
of surface mass balance components. The July 2018 SUMup dataset consists of
three subdatasets, snow/firn density
(https://doi.org/10.18739/A2JH3D23R), at least near-annually resolved
snow accumulation on land ice (https://doi.org/10.18739/A2DR2P790), and
snow depth on sea ice (https://doi.org/10.18739/A2WS8HK6X), to monitor
change and improve estimates of surface mass balance. The measurements in
this dataset were compiled from field notes, papers, technical reports, and
digital files. SUMup is a compiled, community-based dataset that can be and
has been used to evaluate modeling efforts and remote sensing retrievals.
Active submission of new or past measurements is encouraged. Analysis of the
dataset shows that Greenland Ice Sheet density measurements in the top 1 m
do not show a strong relationship with annual temperature. At Summit Station,
Greenland, accumulation and surface density measurements vary seasonally with
lower values during summer months. The SUMup dataset is a dynamic, living
dataset that will be updated and expanded for community use as new
measurements are taken and new processes are discovered and quantified.


Health behaviors are recognized as one of the fundamental determinants of health. In
addition to parents, teachers play an important role in shaping positive health behaviors
in children and adolescents, therefore trainee teachers should lead by example. The aim of the research presented in this article is to determine the level of positive health behaviour
demonstrated by trainee teachers. The research was conducted by surveying 157 student
teachers at the Maria Curie-Sklodowska University in Lublin. The survey criteria were
the "Positive Health Behaviours Scale", developed by Magdalena Woynarowska-Soldan
and Dorota Wieziak-Bialowolska (2012). Respondents were shown to be deficient in
various areas of health behaviour, including nutrition, physical healthcare, lack of
activity and/or rest, and poor mental healthcare, all of which demonstrate their inability
to set a good behavioral example. In order to minimize negative health consequences
and successfully develop the role of the health educators of the future, the promotion of
health education amongst trainee teachers must be improved.


With the evolution of the internet-of-things and the emergence of cloud computing, the charging dynamics of vehicles have changed. This work discusses cloud-based monitoring and management used in charging electric vehicles and their impact on the smart charging system. Charging management plays a key role in assessing the charging infrastructure because of the automakers and charging service providers. As the market evolves, this system looks at the present public and private sectors that provide charging stations and contrasts them with modern cloud-based charging in electric vehicles. The cloud module developed contains layers, with the top layer of the robust calculating ability, which is globally optimized using machine learning technology. The bottom layer counters the real-time issues with the controller. The system also analyzes the current demands in the market and forms strategies to maximize profits through smart charging systems.


This study examines the process by which men in three ethnic neighborhoods of Boston move from secondary to primary employment in a segmented labor market. Workers who successfully make this transition belong to neighborhood-based social groups that have customary linkages to particular primary jobs. Members of such groups costlessly learn how to perceive and act in the labor market in ways that faciliate their entry into the primary sector. Workers' labor market perceptions reflect objective characteristics of the primary jobs to which their social groups are linked.


With the development of science and technology, environmental issues are increasingly on the agenda. In view of this, the research of monitoring various pollutants in the environment has urgent and important research value. We developed an environment monitoring system model adopting wireless sensor network (WSN). The system consists of nodes that equipped with multiple sensor interfaces, which enables the flexibility and scalability of the deployment of various sensors, and the system also supports various means of wireless communication to transmit data to back-end data center, ensuring the convenience and precision of real-time environment parameters monitoring. Based on these designs, the system can realize flexible deployment of dynamic monitoring nodes of various pollutants across a large area. System monitoring terminal with sensors turn non-electricity data into electricity value, and provide scalable multi-sensor interfaces, which can present information of real-time environmental parameters[3].


As one of the core components of power electronic devices, the reliability of power device IGBT is of great concern to the industry. This paper focuses on the Neutral point clamped (NPC) three-level IGBT module in the context of electric drive applications as the research object, explores the accelerated aging scheme for power modules that can reduce energy losses and simulate real working conditions, and builds the three-phase back-to-back power cycling platform system. Selecting the more common operating scenarios of motor acceleration or deceleration, as well as loading or unloading conditions in practical applications for condition simulation experiments, and then further carry out simulation strategy and experimental verification. The experimental results validate the feasibility and flexibility of the system in simulating typical motor operating conditions.


Recent evidence supports the role of menthol, a TRPM8 agonist, in enhanced energy expenditure, thermogenesis and BAT-like activity in classical WAT depots in a TRPM8 dependent and independent manner. The present study was designed to analyse whether oral and topical administration of menthol is bioavailable at subcutaneous adipose tissue and is sufficient to directlyinduce desired energy expenditure effects. GC-FID was performed to study menthol bioavailability in serum and subcutaneous white adipose tissue following oral and topical administration. Further, 3T3L1 adipocytes were treated with bioavailable menthol doses and different parameters (lipid accumulation, "browning/brite" and energy expenditure gene expression, metal analysis, mitochondrial complex's gene expression) were studied. No difference was observed in serum levels but significant difference was seen in the menthol concentration on subcutaneous adipose tissues after oral and topical application. Menthol administration at bioavailable doses significantly increased "browning/brite" and energy expenditure phenotype, enhanced mitochondrial activity related gene expression, increased metal concentration during adipogenesis but did not alter the lipid accumulation as well as acute experiments were performed with lower dose of menthol on mature adipocytes In conclusion, the present study provides evidence that bioavailable menthol after single oral and topical administration is sufficient to induce "brite" phenotype in subcutaneous adipose tissue However, critical dose characterization for its clinical utility is required.


The study of gas hydrates is of particular interest to the natural gas and petroleum industry because they may block transmission lines, plug blow out preventers, jeopardize the foundation of deepwater platforms and pipelines, cause tubing and casing collapse and foul process heat exchangers, valve and expander. Hydrates can be prevented by reducing the water content of the hydrocarbon mixture or by heating or insulating the pipelines. However, a more common alternative is to add a water soluble inhibitor to lower the hydrate forming temperature. Methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol (EG), diethylene glycol (DEG), and salts are examples of good inhibitors. The information given in this work is just a set of guidelines to illustrate how equations of state, when properly calibrated to selected experimental data, can help the processing engineer to find the optimum inhibition scheme to avoid natural gas hydrate formation.


The utility model discloses an ultrasonic positioning system for a mobile phone, relates to the technical field of positioning of mobile equipment and solves the technical problem of improvement on positioning accuracy. The system comprises a mobile phone, a positioning server and a plurality of ultrasonic coded pulse transmitting devices, wherein each ultrasonic coded pulse transmitting device comprises a singlechip, a photo-coupling isolation circuit, an amplifying circuit and a piezoelectric type ultrasonic transmitting head; the singlechip is provided with a pulse signal output end which is connected with the piezoelectric type ultrasonic transmitting head through the photo-coupling isolation circuit and the amplifying circuit in turn; a unique binary equipment code is arranged in a singlechip of each ultrasonic coded pulse transmitting device; and the mobile phone is connected with the positioning server through a wireless network, and an ultrasonic signal receiving module and an equipment encoding/decoding module are arranged inside the mobile phone. By the system, whether the mobile phone is carried into a shop, an office and other smaller areas can be judged.


Severely ill patients with solid cancers or haematological malignancies are often considered poor candidates for intensive care treatments. Not so long ago, in guidelines for ICU admission, a taskforce of the American College of Critical Care Medicine concluded that patients with haematological or metastasised solid malignancies were poor candidates for ICU admission. In a Dutch study from Nijmegen, published in 1992, it was reported that of 13 patients admitted to the ICU after bone marrow transplant, only one patient survived. The authors argued that physicians should be reluctant to admit these patients to an ICU. In this issue of the Netherlands Journal of Medicine, Van Vliet and coworkers, again from the Nijmegen University Medical Center, report a marked improvement of 100-day post-transplant survival in patients admitted to the ICU after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) from 22% in 2004/2005 to 65% in 2008/2009. Although these results are from a single-centre study, it is likely that outcomes after ICU admission in haematology patients have also been improving in many hospitals worldwide over the last years. Indeed, in a review of the literature, it was shown that survival of patients after HSCT who received mechanical ventilation improved from lower than 10% in the period before 1990 to 25-50% in the period 1994-2000. It is possible that the improved survival of critically ill haematology patients is a reflection of an improvement in the quality of intensive care in general. In accordance, the standardised mortality ratio for all non-surgical ICU patients in the Netherlands, adjusted for reason for ICU admission and severity of illness using the APACHE IV model, decreased from 0.94 in 2007 to 0.77 in 2012 [NICE-online, Stichting Nationale Intensive Care Evaluatie; unpublished data]. However, the magnitude of the improvement of survival in patients after HSCT makes it unlikely that improved quality of ICU care can fully explain these findings. Alternatively, the characteristics of patients


Background: Subarachnoid block is the most commonly used mode of anesthesia in transurethral resection of prostate. Addition of fentanyl helps in early ambulation and prolonging the duration of analgesia. Aims and Objectives: To compare the onset and duration of motor and sensory block and duration of analgesia with levobupivacaine alone and in combination with fentanyl. Materials and Methods: A total of 80 patients between the age group of 50-70 years of ASA Grades II and III were divided into two groups of 40 each. Subarachnoid block in Group A received 0.5% levobupivacaine 2.5 ml (12.5 mg) + 0.9% Nacl 0.5 ml. Subarachnoid block in Group B received 0.5% levobupivacaine 2.5 ml (12.5 mg) + fentanyl 0.5 ml (25 μg). Baseline vitals, onset and duration of motor and sensory block and duration of analgesia were recorded. Results: The onset and duration of sensory block were prolonged the fentanyl group. Onset of motor block was delayed, however, duration was prolonged in fentanyl group. The duration for first rescue analgesia was prolonged in the fentanyl group. Conclusion: Addition of fentanyl to levobupivacaine provides faster recovery from motor block and prolongs the duration for analgesic requirement, both of which help in early ambulation.


Under the environment of knowledge economy,the traditional accountant has a great change in such aspects as the science development,the theoretical system,the organizational structure and the informational disclosure.On carefully examining the traditional theory and the method,in view of accountant information disclosure development,this article has made a detailed analysis on such aspects as digitization,internetization,hypothesized spatial,monitor,early warning,knowledge capital transferring and major development of the structure background.It is proposed that the accounting information disclosure will surely become a key point of the future research.


Using a kind of mixed-flow pump as the object of the study,the time-averaged continuity equation with relative coordinates and the N-S equation is established on the basis of FLUENT software,And using standard k-e equation with turbulence model,unstructured tetrahedral network and SIMPLE algorithm to make numerical simulation.The study has done on the basis of the irrelevance of grid number,under different distance between impeller and guide vane,taking the water resistance coefficient simulation when it is static and the performance parameter simulation when it is rotary,the results shows that :under special environment,the mixed-flow pump can obtain lower water resistance coefficient and high efficiency when the distance between impeller and guide vane is 0.45 b2 and can fulfill the required of low water resistance coefficient and high efficiency.


The changes of relative electric conductivity ratio,activity of SOD and POD,content of soluble protein,soluble sugar,praline and relative water content of twelve sweet osmanthus cultivars were measured under low temperature stress.The results of comprehensive evaluation on cold resistance by principal component analysis,subordinate function analysis and overwintering performance showed that 'Wan Yingui','Susheng Jingui' and 'Zhusha Dangui' had strong cold resistance,while 'Yingye Dangui' and 'Yanhonggui' had weak cold resistance.The principal component analysis and subordinate function method could be used for cold resistance evaluation of sweet osmanthus cultivars.Correlation analysis showed that the seven physiological indexes were relatively independent,so the cold resistance of sweet osmanthus cultivars should be measured and evaluated by multiple indexes.


This paper proposes an application model of the "Flipped classroom" approach in the undergraduate course "Inclusive Education". The course is for students from the Bachelor's programme "Mathematics and Informatics" of the Faculty of Mathematics and Informatics at Sofia University, who are trained for teachers of mathematics, informatics and information technologies following a new national curriculum. The paper reviews the current educational trends leading to the need of "Inclusive Education". It takes into account the constraints of the traditional lecture approach and the duration limits set in the curriculum. The paper proposes a solution to these problems by applying the flipped classroom approach. A specific model that includes active use of e-learning environment is presented as the focus is on the application of inclusive education knowledge in mathematics, informatics and information technologies. The advantages of this model application are also shown.