Medium and small-scaled enterprises are the important foundation not only to promote the development of national economy,but also to construct the major body of market economy,and to enhance the social stability as well.This paper analyses the major marketing issues including the marketing situations of the medium and small-scaled enterprises,the existing traditional marketing ideas,near-sighted marketing and short of target marketing consciousness.Then it puts forward the marketing strategies such as leading to the road to non-famous-brand,the reversible marketing,the network marketing,expecting offer the references to enhancing the competitiveness of the medium and small-scaled enterprises.


In Florida, articulation among high schools, colleges, and universities goes far beyond courses for transfer, dealing as it does with all aspects of education, including facilities, data gathering, resources, and systemwide philosophy of higher education.


In this paper we present a formal method-based approach in detecting source code clones by means of analysing and comparing the Java Bytecode that is produced when the source code is compiled. A preliminary investigation has been also conducted to assess the validity of the proposed approach.


The classification and layout schemes of supplementary-firing burner units for gas-steam combined cycle heat-recovery boilers are described, and the design and construction features of an in-built supplementary-firing burner unit operating on gas fuel analyzed. A method for calculating the major parameters of the above-mentioned unit and the composition of a supplementary firing system are given. In addition, a correction formula for calculating the theoretical consumption of oxygen is proposed and the main factors affecting maximum supplementary-firing fuel consumption are indicated. Also given is the calculation method and formula for determining the maximum supplementary-firing fuel consumption. The information given above may serve as a guide during the design and type selection of supplementary-firing burner units as well as the design of heat recovery boilers.


SQL injections are a significant and ever-present threat to web applications and database security. During these attacks, malicious SQL statements are injected into input fields of data-driven systems, leading to unauthorized access and data breaches. Consequently, a need is generated to understand the nature of the attacks, detection, and effective prevention techniques. This research paper focuses on providing a taxonomy and comprehensive survey of SQL injection attacks, detection, and prevention, including their various types and techniques. Additionally, it explores the current state-of-the-art and evaluation for attacks, detection, and prevention techniques. This research paper also discusses and provides a taxonomy of current machine learning (ML) trends (Taxonomy) and their open challenges for detection purposes. Finally, this paper ends with a discussion aiming to equip system administrators, researchers, scientists and practitioners with the knowledge and strategies to mitigate the risks associated with SQL injection attacks effectively. Eventually, this will help to enhance the security and resilience of web applications and databases in the face of this significant threat.


This device comprises two open rings (11, 12) superimposed. At least one of the rings (11, 12) comprises a stop means in rotation (13) intended to cooperate with at least one hook of the disc. The two open rings (11, 12) are mounted in a discontinuous groove provided in the brackets, at the end of the teeth located on the periphery of the rotor disc, so that the average rotational stop (13) of the first ring ( 11) is placed in cover (15) of the second ring (12). The importance of the contact surfaces between the two rings (11,12) allows a damping vibrations in operation.


Purpose: Hemispheric dominance is associated with more activity in one half of the body, which is very important in the presence of a relationship between the intelligence and brain lateralization. Delayed language development in the children undergoing cochlear implantation can have deleterious effects on their growth, academic performance, adaptation, and social interactions. Regarding this, the present study aimed to determine the relationship between the dominant hand and intelligence in the 4-16 year-old children undergoing cochlear implantation in the left or right ear.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on the records of the patients aged within 4-16 years who had undergone cochlear implantation during 2008-2011. The subjects' IQ was measured using Wechsler test by a neuroscience specialist. Then, the IQ of the children with the right cochlear implant was compared to that of those with left implant. The data were analyzed using the t-test, Fisher's exact test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Chi-square test in SPSS version 18.
Results: According to the results, there was no significant difference between the children with right and left cochlear implants in terms of the mean IQ score (P=0.54). Furthermore, no significant association was observed between IQ score and right-handedness or left-handedness in the children undergoing cochlear implantation (P=0.17, P=0.8, respectively).
Conclusion: As the findings indicated, there was no relationship between the dominant hand and IQ score in the children undergoing cochlear implantation.


Some aspects of the HeI photoelectron spectroscopy of substituted phenylethylenes and related molecules are presented. The interpretation of the variation of the photoelectron π ionization energies with substituents allows the separation of steric from electronic effects. Interaction of semi-localised π molecular orbitals incorporated within a Huckel type theory provides a means of estimation of the dihedral angles.


UPFC (Unified power flow controller) is one of the most powerful and complex FACTS (Flexible AC transmission system) devices in a power system today. It is primarily used for simultaneous or independent control of real and reactive power in transmission lines for flexible, reliable and economic operation and loading of power systems. In this paper, the effectiveness of UPFC has been explored in transmission system network when subjected to three phase to ground fault condition. The comparison has been made between VSI (Voltage Source Inverter) based UPFC and ZSI (Z-Source Inverter) based UPFC. From the results so obtained, it has been established that the performance of ZSI based UPFC is superior as compared to that of VSI based UPFC.


This study is aimed to characterize the intensity of production/destruction processes in small lakes of Arkhangelsk region during 2005-2007. We discuss the dynamics of production processes, its temporal variability, distribution of primary production and destruction in the photic zone of the lakes in relation to the biotic parameters of the environment. Our results demonstrate that studied lakes belong to water reservoirs of different trophic status, which is explained by different hydrological properties of the ecosystems, rocks lithology, composition of the watersheds and different degree of anthropogenic pressure. The relationship between production and mineralization demonstrate the on-going autopurification of the lakes. However not all studied ecosystems are capable to full mineralization of organic compounds, as a result the eutrophication of the lakes remains possible.


What is nursing if not complex? Nurses and nursing exist and operate not in isolation but in complex contexts and as complex parts of complex health care systems. Both are focused on caring for patients or clients with complex health problems, which can be addressed through complex, multi-component interventions. With these multiple facets of complexity, nursing is not then only complicated, but is the quintessential complex intervention (Richards and Borglin, 2011).


Confusion surrounds the equitable liability of a third party to a trust or fiduciary relationship who participates in a breach of the trust or fiduciary duty, but without necessarily receiving trust property.1 Compounding this confusion is the absence of consensus in courts that share a common Chancery law heritage. Notably, the English courts, including the Privy Council within that term, and the High Court of Australia take quite different approaches to the liability, although drawing upon the same nineteenth century trust law precedents. The Canadian common law is different again, although reliant upon the same cases.2 Until recently, the jurisdictional differences were excused on the basis that the Australian and Canadian courts had not yet had the opportunity to consider the Privy Council's rationalisation of this form of equitable participatory liability in Royal Brunei Airlines Sdn Bhd v Tan (Royal Brunei) in 1995.3 This still may be so with respect to the Canadian law, which will not be considered further in this chapter, but it seems clear now that the Australian law is set on a different path.4 The English approach is one of broad principle. In Royal Brunei, Lord Nicholls gathered together the nineteenth century trust law precedents and reformulated them as a loss based 'accessory' liability that attaches to a third party, D, who procures or assists in any breach of trust by the fiduciary, F.5 From the twentieth century trust law precedents he identified a requirement of 'dishonesty' on the


The objective of this thesis is to investigate the corporate governance attributes of smaller listed Australian firms. This study is motivated by evidence that these firms are associated with more regulatory concerns, the introduction of ASX Corporate Governance Recommendations in 2004, and a paucity of research to guide regulators and stakeholders of smaller firms. While there is an extensive body of literature examining the effectiveness of corporate governance, the literature principally focuses on larger companies, resulting in a deficiency in the understanding of the nature and effectiveness of corporate governance in smaller firms.

Based on a review of agency theory literature, a theoretical model is developed that posits that agency costs are mitigated by internal governance mechanisms and transparency. The model includes external governance factors but in many smaller firms these factors are potentially absent, increasing the reliance on the internal governance mechanisms of the firm. Based on the model, the observed greater regulatory intervention in smaller companies may be due to sub-optimal internal governance practices. Accordingly, this study addresses four broad research questions (RQs). First, what is the extent and nature of the ASX Recommendations that have been adopted by smaller firms (RQ1)? Second, what firm characteristics explain differences in the recommendations adopted by smaller listed firms (RQ2), and third, what firm characteristics explain changes in the governance of smaller firms over time (RQ3)? Fourth, how effective are the corporate governance attributes of smaller firms (RQ4)?

Six hypotheses are developed to address the RQs. The first two hypotheses explore the extent and nature of corporate governance, while the remaining hypotheses evaluate its effectiveness. A time-series, cross-sectional approach is used to evaluate the effectiveness of governance. Three models, based on individual governance attributes, an index of six items derived from the literature, and an index based on the full list of ASX Recommendations, are developed and tested using a sample of 298 smaller firms with annual observations over a five-year period (2002-2006) before and after the introduction of the ASX Recommendations in 2004.

With respect to (RQ1) the results reveal that the overall adoption of the recommendations increased from 66 per cent in 2004 to 74 per cent in 2006. Interestingly, the adoption rate for recommendations regarding the structure of the board and formation of committees is significantly lower than the rates for other categories of recommendations. With respect to (RQ2) the results reveal that variations in rates of adoption are explained by key firm differences including, firm size, profitability, board size, audit quality, and ownership dispersion, while the results for (RQ3) were inconclusive. With respect to (RQ4), the results provide support for the association between better governance and superior accounting-based performance. In particular, the results highlight the importance of the independence of both the board and audit committee chairs, and of greater accounting-based expertise on the audit committee. In contrast, while there is little evidence that a majority independent board is associated with superior outcomes, there is evidence linking board independence with adverse audit opinion outcomes. These results suggest that board and chair independence are substitutes; in the presence of an independent chair a majority independent board may be an unnecessary and costly investment for smaller firms.

The findings make several important contributions. First, the findings contribute to the literature by providing evidence on the extent, nature and effectiveness of governance in smaller firms. The findings also contribute to the policy debate regarding future development of Australia's corporate governance code. The findings regarding board and chair independence, and audit committee characteristics, suggest that policy-makers could consider providing additional guidance for smaller companies. In general, the findings offer support for the "if not, why not?" approach of the ASX, rather than a prescriptive rules-based approach.


Abstract : Section 1 in this document takes up the question of finding the distribution of excess over the boundary for random walks normalized to converge to a Wiener process. In some cases, such as tests of power 1 which are discussed in Section 2, the connection of the excess over the boundary to the problem of finding the correction to the Wiener process crossing time is simple and direct, and in other cases, especially that of Siegmund (1979), quantities with the excess over the boundary appear in ways that do not shed much light on the general problem. Section 3 gives a heuristic method for correcting the random walk probabilities, based on a reflection principle method of Siegmund and Yuh, which is the author's best idea for connection between the excess over the boundary and the corrected diffusion approximations to the hitting times in the general case.


In this paper, a simplified analysis technique for the integrated cellular and Ad hoc relay (iCAR) systems is presented. First, a simple two-cell system is analyzed using a multi-dimensional Markov-chain. The performance metric employed is the call blocking probability of each cell in the system. To this end, first a closed-form expression for the call blocking probability in the two-cell system is provided. Then, it is shown that these closed-form expressions could be used to analyze more practical systems. The accuracy of the developed simple analytical expressions is checked and verified by comparing the results predicted by these analytical expressions with simulation results. It is shown that there is an excellent match between analytical and simulation results.


Touch typing is a keyboard input method whereby the user types without looking at the keyboard. Because by touch typing users can keep looking at the screen, they can concentrate on what the screen shows and edit text. However, learning touch typing is difficult because it requires the memorization of all key placements. In this paper, we propose a passive haptics based learning support method for touch typing. Because the user is given a stimulus to the finger to be used for the next keystroke, our method encourages users to keep looking at the screen, helping them memorize all key placements. To investigate the effect of using our method, we conducted a pilot study with the users typing English phrases. As a result, our method has a possibility that the users can take less time to acquire touch typing.


Hyphenated Polymer Separation Techniques: Present and Future Role Limiting Conditions in the Liquid Chromatography of Polymers Isoperichoric Focusing Field-Flow Fractionation Based on Coupling of Primary and Secondary Field Action Size-Exclusion Chromatography with Electrospray Mass Spectrometric Detection Concerns Regarding the Practice of Multiple Detector Size-Exclusion Chromatography Computer Simulation Study of Multidetector Size-Exclusion Chromatography: Flory-Schulz Molecular Weight Distribution Eliminating Lag Time Estimation in Multidetector Size-Exclusion Chromatography: Calibrating Each Detector Independently Determination of Molecular Weight and Size of Ultrahigh Molecular Weight Polymers Using Thermal Field-Flow Fractionation and Light Scattering Molecular Characterization Using a Unified Refractive Index-Light-Scattering Intensity Detector Size-Exclusion Chromatography with Light-Scattering Detection at Two Angles: Polystyrene in Tetrahydrofuran Characterization by Size-Exclusion Chromatography with Refractive Index and Viscometry: Cellulose, Starch, and Plant Cell Wall Polymers Size-Exclusion Chromatography of Dextrans and Pullulans with Light-Scattering, Viscosity, and Refractive Index Detection Star-Branched Polymers in Multidetection Gel Permeation Chromatography Determination of Molecular Weight and Composition in Copolymers Using Thermal Field-Flow Fractionation Combined with Viscometry Compositional Heterogeneity of Copolymers by Coupled Techniques with Chromatographic Columns and Multidetectors Size-Exclusion Chromatography and Nonexclusion Liquid Chromatography for Characterization of Styrene Copolymers Two-Dimensional Chromatography for the Deformulation of Complex Copolymers Characterization of Block Copolymers Using Size-Exclusion Chromatography with Multiple Detectors Use of a Gel Permeation Chromatography-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry Interface for Polymer Analysis Size-Exclusion Chromatography-Fourier Transform IR Spectrometry Using a Solvent-Evaporative Interface


Natural disasters occur repeatedly due to unusual weather phenomena, and their formations are complex enough cause catastrophicdamage. In these circumstances, acquiring adequate and timely information and technology is considered significant. An importantmeasure is education-training, which is one of non-structural countermeasures against disasters being highlighted. In the field of edu-cation, fostering higher performance in problem solving is required and specifically constructivism, case-based learning and problem-based learning are being highlighted. The rapid development of information technology gave birth to the concept of Web 3.0, and thisconcept is translated into 'Government 3.0,' where the focus is on the opening, sharing, communicating, cooperating, and person-alizing ICT-based information within the government. This study has collected the problem-solving cases in order to develop DRRWBI system for case-based learning, which is a global disaster prevention educational system applying the ISD method relative toeducational technology. The system developed in this study has been installed on 'http://www.pr4gdm.org' website. Key words : DRR, WBI, Constructivism, Problem-solving Case Study, ISD


Cathepsin K is a lysosomal cysteine protease belonging to the papain superfamily. It has been implicated as a major mediator of osteoclastic bone resorption. Wild‐type human procathepsin K has been crystallized in a glycosylated and a deglycosylated form. The latter crystals diffract better, to 3.2 å resolution, and contain four molecules in the asymmetric unit. The structure was solved by molecular replacement and refined to an R‐factor of 0.194. The N‐terminal fragment of the proregion forms a globular domain while the C‐terminal segment is extended and shows substantial flexibility. The proregion interacts with the enzyme along the substrate binding groove and along the proregion binding loop (residues Ser138–Asn156). It binds to the active site in the opposite direction to that of natural substrates. The overall binding mode of the proregion to cathepsin K is similar to that observed in cathepsin L, caricain, and cathepsin B, but there are local differences that likely contribute to the specificity of these proregions for their cognate enzymes. The main observed difference is in the position of the short helix α3p (67p–75p), which occupies the S' subsites. As in the other proenzymes, the proregion utilizes the S2 subsite for anchoring by placing a leucine side chain there, according to the specificity of cathepsin K toward its substrate.


Base of tongue (BOT) dysfunction is common following oropharyngeal concurrent chemoradiation therapy (CCRT). We present a clinically relevant animal model quantifying the effects of CCRT on tongue strength and elasticity over time.


Abstract 4743 Background Procalcitonin (PCT) has been increasingly used as an inflammatory marker to identify patients with systemic infection. N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) elevation can be used to predict future cardiac events and survival. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of PCT and NT-proBNP measurements in febrile neutropenic patients in terms predicting outcomes in these patients. Methods Neutropenia was defined as neutrophil count of 500 cells/mm3 or less or a count of Results A total of 32 patients aged between 2.5 and 13.5 years (17 boys and 15 girls) were admitted because of neutropenic fever at the Chungnam National University Hospital. PCT levels were not significantly different among 3 different times of measurements, but NT-proBNP was significantly higher at 3 days after admission compared with those of at diagnosis and after fever was subsided. PCT and NT-proBNP levels at the time of diagnosis were significantly correlated with each other. Three patients with higher NT-proBNP showed symptoms of heart failure and arrhythmia but PCT was not significantly elevated in these patients. Conclusion PCT and NT-proBNP at the time of diagnosis were correlated with each other. PCT levels were not significantly changed among 3 different times of measurements but NT-proBNP was significant index of heart failure especially 3 days after fever developed. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


In our effort to develop and compare failure analysis techniques, we have developed a framework to facilitate certain repetitive tasks that might be encountered by researchers performing investigations and experiments in this area. We first introduce the framework architecture and its major functionalities. Then, we implement two failure analysis techniques within the framework to demonstrate how it can be utilized.


The modeling of soil erosion processes is affected by several factors that reflect the physical-geographic conditions of the study site together with the land use linkage. The soil parameters are significant in the modeling of erosion and also runoff processes. The correct determination of a soil's parameters becomes a crucial part of the model's calibration. This paper deals with a sensitivity analysis of seven soil input parameters to the physically-based Erosion 3D model. The results show the variable influence of each soil parameter. The Erosion 3D model is very sensitive to initial soil moisture, bulk density, and erodibility.


Purpose – Organization hierarchy plays a crucial role in the effective management of knowledge and learning. Typically, the organization hierarchy includes employees at the top, middle and lower levels. Employees possess a wealth of knowledge but often knowledge‐driven learning across organization hierarchies is not uniform due to various factors pertaining to the employees such as their literacy levels, available‐time, access to resources, reward and recognition, mindset, level of empowerment etc. This paper attempts to compare how employees at the top and middle level hierarchies in Indian organizations perceive a learning organization (LO). It also attempts to understand how the dimensions of knowledge management (KM) influence LO and tests whether this is significantly different for the aforementioned two hierarchy levels.Design/methodology/approach – A convenience sample of 57 top and middle level executives from India participated in the study. The extent of learning practices was compared and teste...


The experimental investigation of separating S from tailings of separating Cu is introduced in this paper. Acidulous water of open_pit mine is used to reduce pH value of tailings of separating Cu in this experiment. This experiment is both to reduce acidulous water contamination and to improve the technological condition of separating S.It is proved that the rate of recovery of S is added and the grade of S concentrate is raised.


As a major indigenous religio-philosophical tradition of China, Taoism has played an important role in the life of the people of China for well over eighteen hundred years. The outward expressions of Taoism are its rituals, passed on from generation to generation by Taoist ritual specialists throughout the centuries. Music (recitations, chants, and instrumental playing) is an integral part of these rituals. Early study of religious Taoism had been limited to the collecting of written sources and the compilation of these sources into the multi-volumed Daozang (Taoist canon), a massive work compiled over a period of fifteen centuries.2 The Taoist canon contains two collections of notated chants: the Yuyin fashi (Jade sounds of [Taoist] rituals) and Darning yuzhi xuanjiao yuezhang (The great Ming imperial Taoist ritual music), respectively contained in Volumes 333 and 616 in the Taoist canon.


In this paper,the effect of the compound stress of Cu,Cd,Pb,Zn and As on the growth and the accumulation and the distribution of heavy metals in Juncus Effuses is researched by using soil cultures method.The test results show when the dosage of the heavy metals added to the soil is close to the Grade II of National Environmental Quality Standard for Soil(GB15618-95),Juncus Effuses can grew normally in appearance and its yield decreases by less 10%,and the yield of biomass of Juncus Effuses on ground in the soil polluted by mine toxic water and in lead/zinc mining tailings deceases by 28.23% and 37.1% respectively,while the yield of biomass underground does not decrease in evidence.This may predict that Juncus Effuses could be regarded as a good application prospect in removing heavy metals from contaminated soil.The upper value of Grade II can be formulated as the eco-toxicological effect critical value of Cu,Cd,Pb, Zn and As in soil by means of reference index of biamass of Juncus Effuseson ground.Under the compound stress of above heavy metals,the accumulation and distribution of heavy metals in the shoot and root reveal the apparent differences with the content of heavy metals in soil.


The poor design practice of beam column joints is compounded by the high demand imposed by the adjoining flexural members (beams and columns) in the event of mobilizing their inelastic capacities to dissipate seismic energy. Unsafe design and detailing within the joint region jeopardizes the entire structure, even if other structural members conform to the design requirements. Beam moment reversals can produce high shear forces and bond breakdown into the joint resulting in cracking of the joint. The most important factors affecting the shear capacity of exterior RC beam-column joints are: the concrete compressive strength, the joint aspect ratio of the joints and number of lateral ties inside the joint. Advanced Reinforcement Pattern (ARP crossed inclined bars) is a feasible solution for increasing the shear capacity of the cyclically loaded exterior beam-column joints. The presence of inclined bars introduces an additional mechanism for shear transfer. External beam- column joints with crossed inclined reinforcement (ARP) modeled in Ansys Workbench showed high strength, and no appreciable deterioration even after reaching the maximum capacity. The load resisting capacity is increased as compared to that of seismic joint (IS: 13920-1993). A parametric study with cross inclined bars at the joint will be studied with different parameters like grade of concrete, tie ratio, joint aspect ratio, energy dissipation, yield ratio etc. A number of models in ANSYS 13.0 workbench and mechanical APDL are developed for different cyclic loads and boundary conditions. The joint with M50 grade of concrete is discussed in this paper.


Several target position finding methods are proposed in various papers mainly regarding sensor networks. However, the problem of position finding in passive radar systems is somewhat different from the general case of sensor networks. Generally, in a passive radar system, there are few receivers located at short distances when compared with the it distance from the target. In this case, a problem known as geometric dilution of precision (GDP) occurs, which considerably increases the error of many proposed methods. This phenomenon can even make the position finding equations non-solvable. Regarding this fact, we have developed a least mean square error (LMSE) based method, which uses both the angle of arrival (AOA) and time difference of arrival (TDOA) measurements to estimate almost precisely the position of very distant targets in a passive radar system. A simple equation is derived here to compare the TDOA and AOA accuracies. Then, it is shown that whenever the accuracies of these two measurements are comparable, the proposed method estimates the target position more precisely than the conventional AOA-only and TDOA-only methods. It also avoids the non-convergence behaviour encountered in TDOA-only methods.


Superconducting fluctuations corrections on the thermal conductance in Nano grainmetals at different range of temperature are calculated. In these temperature regimes Coulomb interaction effects and weak localization effects (quantum interference) have an effective role and the Weidman-Franzlow is violated. We calculate and investigate these deviancesin the Weidman-Franz low and Lorenz number.


The host and impurity excitations in FeCO3 containing 3% Mn2+ are studied in the range from 12.5 to 500 cm−1. The host excitations are observed both in the antiferromagnetic and the paramagnetic temperature range and are well described for a wide temperature range with a single ion Hamiltonian, including the interactions between all sublevels coming from the ground term 5D of the Fe2+ ion: the temperature dependent trigonal field, the spin–orbit interaction, and the Ising molecular field. For the first time in an Ising antiferromagnet a pair mode (host excitation plus impurity excitation) characterized by the absence of magnon-magnon interaction is observed. The g-factors of the observed lines are measured. A sharp drop of the g-factors near TN cannot be explained by an existent theory of the g-factor renormalization.

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We present an explicit construction of codes that can be list decoded from a fraction (1-ε) of errors in sub-exponential time and which have rate ε/logO(1)(1/ε). This comes close to the optimal rate of Ω(ε), and is the first sub-exponential complexity construction to beat the rate of ε2 achieved by Reed-Solomon or algebraic-geometric codes. Our construction is based on recent extractor constructions with very good seed length [17]. While the "standard" way of viewing extractors as codes (as in [16]) cannot beat the O(ε2) rate barrier due to the 2 log (1/ε) lower bound on seed length for extractors, we use such extractor codes as a component in a well-known expander-based construction scheme to get our result. The O(ε2) rate barrier also arises if one argues about list decoding using the minimum distance (via the so-called Johnson bound) --- so this also gives the first explicit construction that "beats the Johnson bound" for list decoding from errors.The main message from our work is perhaps conceptual, namely that good strong extractors for low min-entropies will yield near-optimal list decodable codes. Given all the progress that has been made on extractors, we view this as an optimistic avenue to look for better list decodable codes, both by looking for better explicit extractor constructions, as well as by importing non-trivial techniques from the extractor world in reasoning about and constructing codes.


Abstract Barstowite, ideally 3PbCl2.PbCO3.H2O is a new mineral from a lead-antimony vein at the south-western end of Bounds Cliff, St Endellion, Cornwall. It occurs as very small (0.2–0.5 mm) subparallel elongate intergrown crystals which form aggregates (up to 3 mm) containing minor inclusions of galena and jamesonite. Other associated minerals are quartz, dolomite, phosgenite, cerussite, sphalerite, pyrite and chalcopyrite. Barstowite is colourless to white and is transparent with an adamantine lustre and white streak. It is brittle, has an imperfect prismatic cleavage, and an uneven fracture. Low reflecting, barstowite has a moderate bireflectance from grey to dark grey in hue and weak to moderate anisotropy. Internal reflections (colourless) are abundant. Measured reflectance values in air and oil are tabulated. Colour values relative to the CIE illuminant C for R 1 and R 2 in air respectively are: Y% 12.9, 13.3; λ d 477, 476; P e% 3.5, 3.7. VHN100 111 (range 108–117); calculated Mohs hardness is 3. Infrared spectra of barstowite, phosgenite and cerussite are compared. X-ray studies show that barstowite is monoclinic with space group P21/m and a 4.218(2), b 9.180(2), c 16.673(4) Å, β 91.49(3)°. It has a cell volume of 645.38 Å3 with Z = 2. D calc. is 5.76 g/cm3, D meas. is 5.71 g/cm3. The strongest six lines of the X-ray powder pattern are [d in Å (I) (hkl)] 4.02 (10) (022); 2.296(8) (040; ; 106); 2.377(6) (007; 026); 4.16(5) (004); 2.108(4) (200); 3.79(3) (014). The name is for the late Richard William Barstow, the Cornish mineral dealer.


Cover crop residues on no-till soil will intercept a portion of applied herbicides. Thus, herbicide efficacy in no-till systems depends, in part, on rainfall to wash the herbicide onto the soil. Tillage and cover crop residue may also influence sorption and degradation of a herbicide in soil. This series of studies examined fluometuron [N,N-dimethyl-N′- [3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]urea] wash-off from native vegetation, hairy vetch (Vicia villosa), and wheat residue (Triticum aestivum), related wash-off to sorption on these residues, and compared fluometuron sorption and degradation in soil from long-term native, vetch, and wheat cover crop plots used with either conventional or no-till cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). A rainfall simulator was used to wash spray-applied fluometuron from plant material. Through-flow was analyzed for fluometuron by high-performance liquid chromatography. More fluometuron was washed off native vegetation than vetch or wheat residues, which retained fluometuron about equally. Fluometuron sorption on these residues was determined in a batch study. Sorption was least with native vegetation (KD = 11 L kg−1), and there was minimal difference between vetch and wheat in sorption (KD = 17 L kg−1). Fluometuron wash-off could be modeled from the batch sorption data. Sorption of fluometuron in surface soil from each tillage by cover crop combination was determined in a batch experiment. Sorption was adequately described by the Freundlich model with N ∼ 0.9 for all soils but K values of no-till soils (average ∼ 2 L kg−1) nearly twice that of corresponding conventional-till soils. Degradation of fluometuron in these surface soils was determined by incubating fortified samples for 6, 15, 30, and 60 days. Soil extracts showed that degradation was more rapid in any no-till soil than in its conventional-till analog. Within either tillage treatment, degradation was slowest in vetch soil. Half-lives ranged from 7 and 8 days (no-till native and wheat soils, respectively) to 51 days (conventional-till vetch soil). Fluometuron half-lives in conventional-till wheat and native (19 and 27 days, respectively) and no-till vetch (31 days) soils were intermediate. Microbial activity was higher in no-till soil, consistent with faster degradation.


Infertility is a condition commonly encountered by family physicians in the community. Timely diagnosis and treatment of infertility can help to mitigate the clinical and emotional consequences for the patient and her partner. Investigations for infertility should be initiated after a year of trying without pregnancy, although a community physician would be advised to order testing before a year of trying in four common clinical situations: female age over 35 years, presence of oligomenorrhea, presence of risk factors for tubal disease, and suspicion of male factor infertility. Standard investigations include ovulation testing such as cycle tracking, use of ovulation predictor kits, basal body temperature charting, and serum progesterone measurement. Ovarian reserve testing should be undertaken to assess the monthly cohort of hormone-responsive (pre-antral and antral) follicles. The most common endocrine ovarian test involves measuring follicle-stimulating hormone levels on day 3 of the menstrual cycle. Additional ovarian reserve tests such as anti-Müllerian hormone assay and/or antral follicle count (done by ultrasound in a fertility clinic) can improve sensitivity, specificity, and convenience. Uterine-tubal evaluation may be undertaken with hysterosalpingography while hysteroscopy or sonohysterography can be used to further investigate the endometrial cavity as needed. Semen analysis is a fundamental part of the workup because the male factor accounts for approximately 35% of infertility. Infertility investigations should start after 6 months of trying for women over 35 years, and for women over 40 years investigations should be initiated immediately. Consultation with a gynecologist or fertility specialist is covered by provincial health insurance and should be considered for couples with abnormal test results and for couples who fail to conceive despite normal test results. Infertility is defined as the failure to achieve a pregnancy after 12 months of unprotected intercourse. It is a prevalent condition that affects about 15% of couples and is commonly encountered by family physicians in the community. The majority of couples conceive within the first 3 months of trying, after which time the chances of pregnancy decline substantially. After 1 year, 85% of couples will have achieved a pregnancy, while after another year only an additional 5% to 8% of couples will become pregnant. Peak fecundability occurs during the fertile window, which encompasses the 6 days up to and including the day of ovulation. In a study of 221 couples, similar pregnancy rates were achieved with daily intercourse (37%) and intercourse every other day (33%). When frequency of sexual Dr Dunne is a co-director at the Pacific Centre for Reproductive Medicine and a clinical associate professor at the University of British Columbia. She is certified by the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons in both obstetrics and gynecology and in reproductive endocrinology and infertility. This article has been peer reviewed.


One of the major reasons behind mental ill health in recent times has been depression. Depression also contributes towards the rising number of suicide rates all over the world and also leads to the impairment of daily life. Researchers and doctors have been trying to find out ways to detect depression in people in its early stages itself so that the person can be prevented from the more dangerous outcomes of depression in the later stages such as the danger of committing suicide and harming himself. In recent times social media has come to the rescue by emerging as a platform to annunciate information online. These online networks are used by legions of social media influencers to convey their personal experiences, thoughts and social ideals. Therefore, through this research paper we take a look at the future of social media to forecast, even prior to onset, depression in online personas. People suffering from depression have shown a tendency to communicate via online platforms, where they are not accountable to anyone for what they tweet or post, rather than discussing their problems with their families and friends. Also, previous studies have shown that depression also affects the language usage. In this paper, Naive-Bayes classifier has been used on twitter feeds for conducting emotion analysis focussing on depression. The results have been presented using the primary classification metrics including F1-score, accuracy and confusion matrix.


The paper firstly deals with the analysis of the state of the art of the avionic navigation systems (certified PBN/RNAV and/or RNP) focused on the new methodologies for precision approach with vertical guidance (APV). The idea at the base of the paper is to conceive the possibility to apply the RNP requirements where GNSS augmentations systems are considered for the automatic landing of an aircraft belonging to MALE UAS category. The paper includes a detailed analysis of the international normative listed through ICAO and FAA documents focused on the new "augmentation systems" (SBAS, GBAS, ABAS) and the applicable Technical Standard Operations (TSO). The second step of this work has been to suppose the integration of autonomous landing function based on GNSS into an UAS avionic architecture. A Risk and Safety analysis applied (i.e. FTA) to the designed avionic system has been performed, important redundancies have been considered in avionic design for ensuring safety during operations. A promising design alternative, is finally described and presented in the paper together with associated FTA analysis. The activities developed to achieve the results presented on this paper, were created within the frame of the SMAT F2 Programme financed by Regione Piemonte


The Orthodox Eastern Church played a special and important role in early Sino-Russian cultural exchange activities.The missionaries sent to Beijing by the Church became the first Russian Sinologists.They introduced Chinese history,geography,literature and art to Europe while bringing advanced European scientific technologies to China,which somehow strengthened the mutual understanding and exchange between Chinese and Russian government and people.However,The Orthodox Eastern Church's evidently express political mission also created some mistrust and influenced the equal cmmunication between two countries,two nations and two cultures.Meanwhile,the Church,as an important part of the dictatorial state machine and a most conservative and uncivilized force in Russia,could not assume the real resposiblity of bridging the East and West.


This short volume contains all the proceedings of the Holbrook Memorial Symposium held in Tucson, Ariz, in February 1964. It was the first academic activity at the new medical school of the University of Arizona and was sponsored by the Southwestern Clinic and Research Institute, Inc, which is headed by Donald Hill, MD, the current president of the American Rheumatism Association. Apparently, every word spoken during the conference is faithfully recorded here. Thus, in addition to the formal papers, most of which deal with immunology, there are verbatim discussions. As little of the content of the book is entirely new, these discussions are perhaps the most valuable feature of the book; they elucidate nuances in a manner not normally presented in technical writing. The contributors are impressive, and Charles Stephens, MD, and Mrs. Stanfield who edited the Symposium have taken great pains to produce an attractive volume with magnificent illustrations.


Through to the investigation of the old tree community protection situation in Guangzhou,this paper introduces the number,distribution,tree species,environment,the growth state of the old tree community and the main old tree community;and summarizes the protection status from the appraisal of tree-age and establishing the professional technical team;Indepth analysis of the old tree community survival crisis,points out that because of the lack of economic value and protection consciousness,most ancient trees such as Erythrophleum fordii,Canarium trandenum,Schima superba were be damaged seriously and be cuted down at will,and termites harm was serious;Has being aimed at the main question of the old tree community,the authors put forward for termites comprehensive prevention,to set up the old tree community ecological protection measures for protection measures.


This article deals with the analysis of communicative failures in web advertisement for restaurant business. The research shows that these occurrences can emerge as a result of copywriters' incorrect use of precedent phenoma.


In preparation for his key-note speech to the Philippine Society for Quality annual conference in October of 1999, the author reviewed the messages of the quality masters detailed in his book, Profiles in Quality. Analysis of these messages revealed three major groupings ‐ Leadership, Direction, and Action. The Leadership element has five components ‐ Roles and Responsibilities, Appreciation for a System, Knowledge of Variation, Theory of Knowledge, and Psychology. Four out of five of these components fell into place coinciding with the four elements of Dr W. Edwards Deming's Profound Knowledge. The components of Direction are Aim, Planning, Implementation, and Review. The elements of Action fit a model developed by Dr Noriaki Kano, which he calls the House of TQM. These are General Education, Intrinsic Technology, Motivational Approach, Concepts, Techniques, Vehicles, Strategies, and Customer Satisfaction. This paper presents a structured composite of theories and concepts of the Masters from which we can learn and apply in our personal development and in the improvement of our organizations.


Genetic variation of agamospecies might originate from mutations, facultative sexuality, and from hybridization of genetically divergent sexual taxa. Genetic variation and distance of sexual species of the apomictic Ranunculus auricomus complex are evaluated by means of isozyme markers for each of three populations of three diploid species, which are representatives of the two main morphological collective groups (coll.) in goldilocks (Ranunculus cassubicus coll., R. auricomus coll. s. str.). Low genetic identity values between the species (
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\end{document} ) support the hypothesis that the apomictic R. auricomus complex may have originated from hybrids of genetically very divergent ancestors. Since mutations, backcrossing to sexuals, and facultative recombination within agamospermous populations are probably rare in goldilocks, the genetic divergence of ancestors might be the most important factor for genetic and genotypic variation in agamospecies. To evaluate the generality of this feature, genetic diversity measures of agamospecies of other comparable complexes are compiled: the Antennaria rosea complex, the Antennaria neodioica complex, Erigeron compositus s.l., and Taraxacum sect. Ruderalia. All apomicts of these complexes are putatively of allopolyploid, recent origin with few unique alleles, are allopatric to sexual ancestors that inhibit backcrossing, and might have only a moderate facultative sexuality within populations. Genotypic diversity measures and observed heterozygosity (Ho) of apomicts are regressed against genetic diversity measures and mean genetic identity of the putative sexual ancestor taxa. Genetic distance of sexuals is a highly significant predictor of genotypic diversity in apomicts as measured by proportion of distinguishable multilocus genotypes per population (
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$$F=43.794$$
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Relative sensitivities of an electron capture detector (ECD, 63Ni) for aromatic halogeno and nitro compounds were measured at detector temperatures of 230, 290, and 320 °C. The effects of various substituents on the sensitivity of ECD were determined. A good correlation was recognized between the relative sensitivities of ECD and the positions of substituents for aromatic chloro, bromo, and nitro compounds. The plotted logarithm values of ECD sensitivities for aromatic chloro and bromo compounds vs. Hammett's σ values of various substituents are not linear, but the plots for aromatic nitro compounds follow a straight line. Modified σ values (σH) were determined on the basis of the relative sensitivities of aromatic chloro compounds. Plots of aromatic chloro, bromo, and nitro compounds vs. σH values gave straight lines. The temperature dependence of electron capture coefficients for these compounds was determined using D.C. mode. The electron capture spectra obtained are similar to those using pulsed mode.


The development situation of the application of ultrasonic testing to concrete in China is introduced, including ultrasonic testing of concrete intensity, internal defects, concrete thickness, pile quality and wall body material, as well as impact echo testing of concrete quality. Most of them are the research achievements of the author.


The presented paper is devoted to an innovative way of teaching mathematics, specifically the subject combinatorics in high schools. This is because combinatorics is closely connected with the beginnings of informatics and several other scientific disciplines such as graph theory and complexity theory. It is important in solving many practical tasks that require the compilation of an object with certain properties, proves the existence or non-existence of some properties, or specifies the number of objects of certain properties. This paper examines the basic combinatorial structures and presents their use and learning using relations through the Placemat method in teaching process. The effectiveness of the presented innovative way of teaching combinatorics was also verified experimentally at a selected high school in the Slovak Republic. Our experiment has confirmed that teaching combinatorics through relationships among talented children in mathematics is more effective than teaching by a standard algorithmic approach.


Abstract— The aim of the present study was to investigate the existence of alterations of the blood‐brain barrier (BBB) permeability in rats injected with centrally acting drugs, by calculating a unidirectional blood‐to‐brain transfer constant (Ki) for the circulating tracer [14C]‐α‐aminoisobutyric acid. The intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of the dopaminergic antagonist haloperidol (1 mg kg−1) did not modify the regional BBB permeability. When the cholinomimetic agent arecoline hydrobromide (6.25 mg kg−1) was injected i.p. into methylatropine‐pretreated rats, it induced a significant decrease of Kj values within the frontal cortex, parietal cortex, striatum and brain‐stem. Our findings emphasize two concepts: (1) centrally acting drugs, such as arecoline, can induce changes in the BBB permeability, through several mechanisms; (2) there is no predictable correlation of drug stimulation of specific brain neuronal pathways and changes in the permeability of the BBB.


This paper discusses a qualitative investigation of practitioners' perceptions of the key factors for successful cross-community music education activities with Protestant and Catholic communities in Northern Ireland. The methodology and some data from interviews are discussed. It is suggested that Pettigrew's three stages to reduce conflict between communities (intergroup contact theory) may assist in understanding the interviewees' experiences. Practical implications for the design of cross-community projects are considered in the conclusions, including the need to offer activities that entice children, parents and schools.


Age-related macular degeneration mainly affects the elderly and is one of the most common causes of rapidly progressive vision loss. Over more than 150 years of research, the scientific community has gone from understanding the macroscopic picture of the lesion, presumable identification of drusen as the main morphological manifestation of nosology, to detailed classifications and determine the role of genetic determinants in the etiopathogenesis of the disease — high specificity, the possibility of preventive analysis, and much unclear in the field of genetic diagnosis of eye diseases determine the accurate attention of specialized research groups to the early diagnosis using genetic analysis. The review article was aimed to systematize the information about possible links in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration and identify potential polymorphisms that can initiate and modulate the activity of these links. During the study, we could find out five main mechanisms of damage to the vascular membrane of the eye itself, which are affected by single nucleotide polymorphisms. The highest affinity was shown by genetic variants of separate sites of CFH (rs1061170), HTRA1 (rs11200638), TNF (rs1800629), VEGFA (rs2010963). Literature data obtained from foreign and national sources indexed by Scopus, Web of Science databases, in particular for the last 5 years, pay special attention to these areas as potential predictors or modifiers of pathological processes involved in the process of macular degeneration. Despite the large number of studies examining the predisposition, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of age-related macular degeneration to stop the spread of vision loss, only a few issues are understood thoroughly. Considering the successful cases of application of biological and gene therapy for the management of such patients, we see new horizons in the detailed study of molecular interactions that underlie the pathology. The review confirms the active role of polymorphisms in one of the most relevant pathological processes of the human eye.


Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) have been linked with faster cognitive decline and incident dementia. The actual risk factors for CVD also tie to these adverse cognitive consequences in elderly adults. The cardiovascular risk score (CRS) provides direct estimation of total cardiovascular risk that suits well to the constraints of primary prevention. Further data especially in larger populations are required to examine whether CRS is also associated with cognitive performance in middle age.


Hi everyone, my name is Philip Wollburg. And I will be talking today about what is an integrated national data system and how we may go about building it. We discuss in this course and in the 2021 World Development Report, a number of examples of just how much value data can create but as we have seen much of that value remains untapped and there are even some real risks to our increasingly data rich and data driven world.


The article touches the problem of borders of plant species natural areas. The purpose of article is analysis of spreading Stipa pennata L. ( Poaceae Barnh.) by means of comparison configuration the north border in Nizhegorod region with physical-geographic borders, soils, vegetations, climate and economical activity of population. Noted, that the configuration of the species north border (approximately 56° N.L.) in Nizhegorod region are defined by soil-edaphic conditions (chernozem, gray forest soil, moderate moisture and warm climate), vegetation of this and surrounding regions and areas after the deforestation . Forest degradation creates favorable phytocenosics conditions for Stipa. This configuration approximately coincidence with part of General Landscape Border of Russian plane on Nizhegorod region. It was ascertained, that this species location on the north slopes of bank of the Volga River might be explained by local micro-climate. In these places, spring is late and new sprouts of plants emerged later after spring frosts.


It is impossible to deny that across the continent – from Saraba Magazine1 in Nigeria to Kenya-based collective Jalada,2 there is a rise in online platforms for publishing and consuming literature from Africa. Within this digital landscape there are digital initiatives such as 3Bute3 and Okadabooks4 – and let's not forget blogs, such as US-based Brittle Paper5 – who curate African literary content for readers. Even publishers, such as Nigeria-based Cassava Republic, are focusing more on digital literature with the launch of Ankara Press6 and its digital distribution of romance novels. These different platforms connect readers to new writing on the continent – writing that more accurately reflects their own lived realities – and in innovative ways. They also all play a key role in shaping the way that African fiction is produced and consumed within Africa, as well as in the Diaspora. Bearing in mind these changes, this article explores the landscape of online literary platforms in Africa and the role they play in shaping the contemporary African literary scene. It does this by drawing on secondary sources, as well as primary interviews with key players in the field to get further insight into this rise. Having established this, the paper hones in on African languages, and how digital technologies have enabled the production of multiple languages simultaneously for readers in various African countries. Through this, the article suggests that digital platforms give importance and value to Africans when it comes to the production and consumption of African literature.


Source localization using Time Difference of Arrival has been a subject of research over the years due to its wide applications in civilian and military sectors. In electronic warfare systems, the source estimation is important for better surveillance and planning of military strategies. Among the various approaches of Time Difference of Arrival, Three Dimensional  Time Difference of Arrival algorithms have drawn much attention as it does not require synchronization between emitter and the base stations and also provides better estimation performance. However, it certainly requires synchronization among the receiving base stations. In this paper an algorithm is proposed for source localization using Three Dimensional Time Difference of Arrival in presence of multipath scenario and clock bias in the receiving base stations.  Most of the existing techniques require range data for obtaining the closed form Time Difference of Arrival solution. The algorithm presented in this paper is based on Ezzat's closed form solution, which does not depend on range data.  Simulations are carried out and performance is evaluated by placing receivers on ship/land and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle platforms. Standard deviation in estimated Three Dimensional Time Difference of Arrival is measured using cross correlation between the signals and a closed form solution is obtained. Simulations support the theoretical developments in multipath scenario and clock bias.


Monocytes and macrophages are key regulators of tissue injury, regeneration, and fibrosis. While their role in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) pathogenesis is not disputed, their functional ambiguity and phenotypical diversity complicate our ability to target such cells from a therapeutic perspective. In this issue of HEPATOLOGY, Krenkel and colleagues advance our understanding of the functional differences in macrophage heterogeneity in NASH pathogenesis. Using human tissue and conventional mouse models for NASH, these investigators elegantly demonstrate involvement of a specific subset of bone marrow–derived macrophages, chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 2 (CCR2) macrophages, that are summoned to the liver by chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 secreted by Kupffer cells (KCs), hepatic stellate cells, and hepatocytes. Liver-resident macrophages or KCs (CD11bF4/ 80Ly6C), monocyte-derived macrophages (MoMFs; CD11bF4/80Ly6C), and bone marrow–derived monocytes are primary mediators of hepatic inflammation and fibrosis in NASH. KCs arise from embryonic progenitors and are sustained in the liver through self-renewal. Monocytes, however, are recruited from the circulation into the injured liver. Two major subsets of monocytes are recruited into the injured liver in NASH, classical or inflammatory monocytes (Ly6CCCR2CX3CRl lo in mice, CD14CD16 in humans) and nonclassical, tissueresident, or repair monocytes (Ly6CCCR2CX3CR1 hi


On a sunny, beautiful day in September 2014, we gathered in a funeral home in the town of Brookline, Massachusetts, to say a sad good-bye to our beloved friend and colleague, Dr. Kenneth D. Bloch.

Ken was born in New York City on May 17, 1956, and raised in Brookline. After receiving his undergraduate and medical education at Brown University, he began his career as a medical resident at Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), followed by a cardiology fellowship and then a position on the division staff in 1990. Two years later, he became an investigator in the Cardiovascular Research Center of MGH.

Ken was a brilliant researcher who made a number of seminal contributions. He characterized the mechanisms of atrial natriuretic peptide and endothelial nitric oxide synthase function as well as the downstream mechanisms of nitric oxide and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) signaling. More recently, Ken and colleagues in his laboratory discovered novel functions and mechanisms of action of the bone morphogenetic protein family in relation to cardiovascular disease and anemia of chronic inflammation, identifying this pathway as an important target in human disease. Ken was appointed the William T. G. Morton Professor of Anesthesia at Harvard Medical School in 2007 and Professor of Medicine in 2008.

Ken was much more than a gifted molecular biologist and cardiologist. He had many personal gifts that were truly exceptional and that made him a rare mentor, colleague, and friend. Here are just a few stories.

In our lab meetings, he would listen as we analyzed a problem of applied physiology or biochemistry or molecular biology and struggled with the tougher ones. Almost always, as the discussion ensued Ken would come up with a key insight unlocking the path to the next step in the research. If we got off track, Ken was always the one to gently point the way back to the core problem. Ken never failed to remember a past study by us or others. Even in these last years, as he struggled courageously with cancer, never once complaining, his memory was extraordinary and unfailing.

Ken was a Pied Piper of scientists. He loved to work with young scientists, always had a flock of young students and physicians/scientists, and spent many hours each day guiding them and counseling them. He did this with the patience of a saint. He also spent untold hours correcting the drafts of papers, and it was not just his fellows' work. We would send Ken what we considered to be a just-about-perfect draft of a new paper, and in about a week we would get it back with 100 or 200 red editorial balloon comments.

Ken was unflappable. He possessed equanimity in the face of any stress. He could logically and sequentially dissect and deal with any issue (and not only the scientific ones) thoughtfully and without losing his calm demeanor. We cannot remember Ken raising his voice, even with the most exasperating people. He dealt sensitively with the toughest problems arising in our lab administration, and we knew he would find a just and proper solution with the fewest ruffled feathers. Ken managed every challenge.

Ken spent his happiest hours in the lab. Each day, including Saturday and Sunday, he would arrive early, before anyone else. He loved to get his hands wet with an experiment or clean out the ice from a freezer. When he was happy all of us knew it—because Ken whistled. Not a tune we recognized, but his happiness was evident to all around him. He glowed when an experiment went well or a fellow or student gave a great talk. We sought his compliments, and he often gave them to us after a great presentation or scientific advance. An "attaboy" from Ken was a proud gold star to any recipient.

Ken leaves behind him a hundred intellectual children from nations around the globe. He brightened our lives with his wisdom, his amazing grasp of science, his carefully and gently articulated insights and opinions, and his remarkable way of helping us express ourselves.

Ken was a bright, steady beacon who lit the way for many of us. So strong and true, his beacon will continue to guide us and give us strength as we carry on our lives, scientific and personal. We can hear him admonishing us to do that and asking us to stop talking about his very private life. Let us go forward, do our science, live our lives and make him proud. To quote Dr. Seuss, that famous American philosopher we often quoted to our children, "Don't cry because it's over, laugh because it happened!"


Abstract : The MIT microwiggler prototype produced on-axis magnetic fields of nearly 5 kG. Tuning was used to reduce random and systematic wiggler errors to < or - 0.5%. Temperature measurements show that 0.5 msec, 5 kG pulses can be produced at 1 Hz at an operating temperature of 40 deg C above room temperature. We are collaborating with the Brookhaven National Laboratory to develop a lambda = 532 nm FEL using a 70-period microwiggler and a 50 MeV RF LINAC. Preliminary simulation show that oscillator operation is attainable. We have made preliminary measurements of a 20-period subsection of the MIT microwiggler. Saturation characteristics are acceptable and field uniformity without tuning is around 1% RMS. The enclosed photograph shows the partially assembled microwiggler whose completed length will consist of 70 periods. (RH)


The increasingly global competition in all productive sectors – including the service sector – has forced companies to adjust their organizational processes to incorporate a customer experience approach. This adjustment implies the need for modifications to certain internal organizational factors, such as organizational culture, values and beliefs, in order to survive. This research proposes that – besides other factors – organizational culture type and the level of cus- tomer orientation can account for a considerable portion of a company's success or failure. Therefore, the objective of this conceptual paper is to propose a model that determines which type of organizational culture (clan, hierarchi- cal, adhocracy, or market) facilitates a greater degree of customer orientation. Specifically, this research proposes that a market type of organizational culture will have greater customer orientation than the other classifications of organi- zational culture and that a higher degree of customer orientation fosters employee satisfaction, which can have a pos- itive impact on customer satisfaction.


526 Nurse Prescribing 2013 Vol 11 No 11 © 2 01 3 M A H ea lth ca re L td and nasal vaccines, have been around for some decades. The first oral vaccine was developed in 1961 for polio, and nasal flu vaccines have been around since 2003. New research is focusing on 'patch' technology. This could revolutionise how vaccines are administered because, apart from allowing reduced assembly time and facilitating storage and transportation, they could potentially dispose of the need for a skilled health practitioner to deliver the vaccine. Needle-phobics have reasons to be happy. At a conference in Edinburgh in June this year, researchers from Australia unveiled a patch that can deliver vaccines cheaply and effectively. Thousands of tiny projections in the patch release the vaccine, which is applied in dry form, into the skin. Professor Kendall, from Brisbane University, told the conference that they noticed that the immune responses for vaccines administered with the nanopatch were completely different to those given by a traditional syringe, and that the amount of vaccine needed to be effective is much lower: up to one hundredth of the traditional dose. In addition, the patch can be kept at room temperature for up to a year. Critics of the patch have The future of vaccination is looking decidedly needle-free: creating innovative vaccines


For the ZND model, we show also singularity formation on the downstream side for arbitrary exponentially-growing weighted norms. For the Majda model on the other hand, we establish for appropriate such weighted norms a set of energy estimates implying not only non-formation of singularities near waves of arbitrary amplitude but also full asymptotic orbital stability for small-amplitude ones.


The DEVEX experiment (Disdrometer EValuation EXperiment) was conducted in the spring and summer of 2002 by institutions from the U.S., Canada, and France to compare measurements of rain drop size distributions measured with different types of disdrometers. The instruments were located closely to each other so as to provide information on the same rain events. The experiment took place at the Iowa City Municipal Airport, in Iowa City, IA. Other instruments at the site were a tipping bucket rain gauge, a vertically pointing X-band radar, an anemometer, and a wind profiler.


According to one of the directors of the Imperial Chemical Industry, Ltd., the fixation of atmospheric nitrogen, through the intermediate stage of ammonia, seems to have established itself as definitely superior to other methods of fixation. This statement was transmitted through our trade commissioner at London.


In this study, the effect of photon energy spectra on the dose enhancement factor (DEF) and other influencing parameters such as skull–tumor dose ratios were estimated for a confined tumor loaded with iodine nanoparticles (INPs). A mathematical brain phantom with a brain tumor was simulated by the MCNP6 Monte Carlo code. A validated commercial computed tomography model consisting of an X-ray tube, Al–Cu filters, and collimators was used to simulate the rotational conformal treatment of the tumor. INPs with a diameter of 20 nm and concentrations of 10–50 mg/g were introduced inside the tumor as homogenously distributed spherical particles. The dose distribution inside the phantom was scored for several orthovoltage beams with the peak voltages of 140, 200, and 320 kVp as well as two 3.5 and 6 MV megavoltage beams. A significant rise of DEF values with nanoparticle (NP) concentration for orthovoltage beams is revealed; no significant dose enhancement was obtained for megavoltage beams. The highest DEF and skull–tumor dose ratio were obtained for the 140 kVp beam which decreased with the number of directional fields. The clinically optimal plan for a brain tumor, with high DEFs of 2.81–2.24 and acceptable skull–tumor dose ratios of 0.61–0.51, would be feasible for treatment using 200 and 320 kVp beams, an iodine concentration of 20 mg/g, and 8–15 fields. Our calculations show that clinically significant radiation dose enhancements can be obtained for tumors loaded with INPs using orthovoltage beams. Optimal treatment regimens are feasible using a proper selection of photon beam spectrum and sufficient numbers of cross-firing beams. The limiting effect of skull bone could be minimized by increasing the number of radiation fields and the use of higher quality of orthovoltage beams.


Summary form only given: We report a prototype of real-time physical true random bit generator based on a polarization noise in a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) with a bit rate more than 200 Mbps. A comprehensive statistical analysis of bits sequences performed by means of three standard tests of randomness (ENT, Diehard and NIST) shows a high quality of generated random bit sequences.


Medicine and the War. T?eav things will be more interesting, in the great struggle which is commencing between Japan and Russia, than the provision which will be made by the respective belligerents for the preservation of the health of the soldiers, and for the care of the sick and wounded. It seems improbable that any accurate information upon the subject will be available from either side while the war is actually in progress, because so far no permission has been given for representatives of the European press to accompany the armies, and because the commanders on both sides


The article deals with obsolete words in the dialect of Tamdy Karakalpaks. The author, together with the work of some researchers who conducted studies on Tamdy Karakalpaks, collected the lexical units used in the local dialect and turned into obsolete words and presented them in alphabetical order. On this basis, it is taken into account that the Tamdy's dialect is widely used obsolete words related to military vocabulary and ethnonyms and proposed the question of the current introduction of such obsolete terms in dictionaries.


Considers the role of nonprofit funders in stimulating merger activity in the U.K. voluntary sector. Provides the first empirical evidence of the impact of a nonprofit merger on subsequent fundraising and marketing activity. Based on a series of 12 elite interviews with senior personnel who have experienced a nonprofit merger, the article concludes that the implications will vary by category of funding sought and that, for example, individual donors who might previously have been supporting both organisations will only offer one gift (at the previous gift level) to the merged organisation


The intensity of 100,300,600 mT magnetic field were used to treat anthers,in which a majority of pollen was in the middle development stage and/or in the side development stage of single nucleus,to improve the callus inductivity and plant regeneration rate of anther culture of Indica rice.The results indicated that in an even magnetic field of 300mT intensity for 30 minutes,the treatment could increase the callus inductivity by 98.44%.The plant regeneration rate of calli gained 184% higher than the check.


In a series of 155 patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) was diagnosed in 15 cases (9.7%) and portal thrombosis (PT) in 8 (5.1%) by mean of standard criteria. The main clinical and laboratory characteristics were similar in the two groups of patients; fever was more frequently recorded in the SBP patients. Cytological examination of the ascites showed an increase in total cell count and in neutrophils count higher in SBP group than in PT. The diagnosis of PT was confirmed by ultrasonography. The data suggest that a cytological examination of the ascites should be performed in all patients with decompensated cirrhosis and may contribute to the differential diagnosis of SBP or PT.


Transdermal Drug Delivery System (TDDS) is described as a self-contained or discrete dosage form that is applied to the intact skin. This rout of drug administration of drugs through the skin for therapeutic use is an alternative approach to oral, intravascular, subcutaneous, and transmucosal routes. The delivery of drugs through the skin to the systemic circulation provides a convenient route of administration for a variety of clinical indications. Transdermal Drug Delivery System allows continuous drug administration, use of drugs with short biological half lives, avoids increases hepatic first pass elimination and rapid termination of medication by removing the transdermal drug delivery system from the skin. Various transdermal technologies may be applied for different categories of pharmaceuticals used for the treatment of disorders of the skin or for systemic effects to treat diseases of other organs. Several transdermal products and applications include hormone replacement therapy, contraception, pain management, angina pectoris, smoking cessation, and neurological disorders such as Parkinson's disease. The most commonly used transdermal system is the skin patch using various types of technologies. Stratum corneum is the outermost layer of the Review Article Anantrao et al.; JPRI, 33(19B): 46-61, 2021; Article no.JPRI.66486 47 skin and it is the main barrier layer for permeation of drug in transdermal delivery of drugs. So, to circumvent the barrier properties of stratum corneum and to increase the flux of drug through skin membrane various penetration enhancement techniques are used in transdermal drug delivery system. The review presents different physical and chemical methods in penetration enhancement approaches and to optimize the transdermal delivery system.


In this work, a total of twenty nine rice samples, including nineteen Xiang-shui rice samples and ten non-Xiang-shui rice samples, were employed to establish discrimination models used back propagation artificial neural networks (BP-ANN) and least squares support vector machine (LS-SVM) based on the content value of B, Zn, Fe, Cu, Mn, Na, K, Mg and Ca determined by Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Although the 100% accuracy of training set achieved by LS-SVM, for test set the accuracy was only 90.91%. So the optimal result, the accuracy of 100% both for Xiangshui rice samples and for non-Xiangshui rice samples in test set, was obtained by BP-ANN models with five nodes in hidden layer. A new discrimination method to discriminate rice from different geography origin was provided, which is significant to detect and prevent fraud and adulteration. And in order to improve expansibility and accuracy of models, a further study through adding the number of samples and comparison of more discrimination methods, was needed.


Using a mixed methods approach, this article examines gendered patterns of employment and of unemployment benefit uptake among Turkish marriage migrants in Denmark. The results show that men use co-ethnic networks to access entry positions. Subsequent eligibility for unemployment benefits enable these men to search for better jobs. Women enter employment more slowly and tell of such entry being related to entering the unemployment insurance system, enabling them to periodically conform to gendered expectations as homemakers. Pakistani marriage migrants display similar patterns, indicating the centrality of this institutional arrangement in low-skilled marriage migrants' active adaptation to a new society.


We propose a simple yet effective embedding model to learn quaternion embeddings for entities and relations in knowledge graphs. Our model aims to enhance correlations between head and tail entities given a relation within the Quaternion space with Hamilton product. The model achieves this goal by further associating each relation with two relation-aware rotations, which are used to rotate quaternion embeddings of the head and tail entities, respectively. Experimental results show that our proposed model produces state-of-the-art performances on well-known benchmark datasets for knowledge graph completion. Our code is available at: https://github.com/daiquocnguyen/QuatRE.


In this paper a micro‐polar continuum approach is proposed to model the essential properties of cohesionless granular materials like sand. The model takes into account the influence of particle rotations, the mean grain size, the void ratio, the stresses and couple stresses. The constitutive equations for the stresses and couple stresses are incrementally non‐linear and based on the concept of hypoplasticity. For plane strain problems the implementation of the model in a finite element program is described. Numerical studies of the evolution of micro‐polar effects within a granular strip under plane shearing are presented. It is shown that the location and evolution of shear localization is strongly influenced by the initial state and the micro‐polar boundary conditions. For large shearing the state quantities tend towards a stationary state for which a certain coupling between the norm of the stress deviator and the norm of the couple stress tensor can be derived. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Let F c PSL(2, IR) be a discrete subgroup with quotient F\H of finite volume but not compact. The spectrum of the Laplacian on L2 auto- morphic functions is unstable under perturbations; however, it becomes much more manageable when the scattering frequencies are adjoined (with multiplic- ity equal to the order of the pole of the determinant of the scattering matrix at these points). This augmented set shows up in a natural way in a one-sided version of the Selberg trace formula and is the actual spectrum of the generator of a cut-off wave equation. Applying standard perturbation theory to this op- erator, it is proved that the augmented spectrum is real analytic in Teichmuller space. The same operator is used to derive Fermi's Golden Rule in this setting. It turns out that the proper multiplicity to be attached to the Laplacian eigen- value at 4 is twice the dimension of cusp forms plus u = tr[F + I]/2; here 1 denotes the scattering matrix at this point. It is shown that the generic value of u in the Teichmuller space of the once punctured torus and the six-times punctured sphere is zero. This is also true of the X-twisted spectral problem, where X is a character for F. DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS, STANFORD UNIVERSITY, STANFORD, CALIFORNIA 94305 DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS, PRINCETON UNIVERSITY, PRINCETON, NEW JERSEY 08544 This content downloaded from 22.214.171.124 on Sun, 07 Aug 2016 05:03:47 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms


PURPOSE: To provide optical glass which contains some tens kinds of inorg. oxides including oxides of alkali (alkaline earth) metals respectively at prescribed contents, exhibits a specific refractive index and negative anomalous partial dispersion, may be easily produced at a low cost and has reproducibility. CONSTITUTION: The above-described optical glass contg., by weight %, of 3 to 11, SiO 2 , 29 to 35 B 2 O 3 , 5 to 13 Al 2 O 3 and 30 to 45 PbO, contg., in addition to these, a prescribed small amt. each of GeO 2 , ZrO 2 , TiO 2 , Ta 2 O 3 , Li 2 O, Na 2 O, K 2 O, Rb 2 O, CS 2 O, MgO, CaO, BaO, SrO, ZnO, La 2 O 3 , Nb 2 O 3 , Sb 2 O 3 , As 2 O 3 , WO 3 and F is disclosed. The optical glass is the optical glass which exhibits the refractive index of and ≥1.67 and the negative anomalous partial dispersion ΔPg.p having an Abbe number of Vd>36. Since the optical glass does not contain the greater part of costly glass additive materials, the batch cost thereof may be maintained low. The optical glass may be produced with high quality and has high crystallization stability, good permeability, etc. COPYRIGHT: (C)1991,JPO


Metastatic prostate cancer is a common and lethal disease for which there are no therapies that produce cures or long‐term durable remissions. Clinically relevant preclinical models are needed to increase our understanding of biology of this malignancy and to evaluate new agents that might provide effective treatment. Our objective was to establish and characterize patient‐derived xenografts (PDXs) from advanced prostate cancer (PC) for investigation of biology and evaluation of new treatment modalities.


A laboratory culture programme is established to extend credibility to forarniniferal-based techniques being used to generate the high resolution proxy records for paleoclimatic reconstruction. In order to obtain living specimen of foraminiferal species for laboratory culture experiments, a number of samples were analyzed from the nearshore region off Dias beach (Goa), which revealed the presence of 22 species. Among the living benthic foraminifera Rosalina leei was found in abundance and was used to establish a laboratory culture programme. Initially, we monitored the effect of different media (like plain sea water and Erdscheribermedium) and food on the growth of foraminiferal test. The results suggest that Erdscheriber medium is conducive for general growth and chamber formation. A further observation suggested that food is another governing factor for their growth in sea water. However, in case of Erdscheriber medium excess food supply retards the overall growth.


Radionuclide therapy depends for success on the critical relationship between the amount of radionuclide in the target tissue and in critical normal tissue. The successful implementation of radioimmunotherapy for treatment of cancer has proven to be considerably more difficult than initially anticipated. Several groups have tried the magnetic guidance of antiplastic and antibacterial agents as well as X-ray-and MRI-contrast substances by means of magnetic particles. We propose to use magnetic nanospheres for the directed delivery of radionuclide to the tumor after intravenous administration of the biodegradable colloidal suspension. Using carriers of this size range the circulation time in the blood, the biodistribution and more or less the specific targeting are determined by uniformity of size, chemical composition, surface modification and the electric surface charge. The electrophoretic mobility is an important parameter for the prediction of the usefulness of the prepared particle, modified by chemical and biological molecules.


The present paper deals with the theory of Dominion/Dominium, trying to show some aspects of Aquinas' interpretation on the works of Aristotle. To begin with, we discuss with Hannah Arendt's understanding of the issue —resumed again by Jurgen Habermas—. According to it, Aquinas would be who have initiated a philosophy properly social of dominium at the expense of the political theory on it held by Aristotle. In order to evaluate the strength or weakness present in Arendt's point of view, we first bring about a linguistic analysis on how some Aristotle's and Aquinas's texts use the term dominium (arje), and others closely related to it. Departing from the highly analogical feature in that term, then we conclude in the absence of any antagonism between «the social» and «the political» within the Thomistic or Aristotelian philosophy of Dominion/Dominium. The falsity of Arendt's exegesis is finally revealed in detecting its disagreement with the main direction of the Thomistic and Aristotelian theory of dominium, namely, that the most properly human activity —that of nous (mens)— is above any ethical dimension of human power.


This chapter positions the integration of critical perspectives in leadership development as imperative. Content introduces the integrated model of critical leadership development and outlines four steps to deepen the practice of critical leadership development in leadership education.


The paper describes a preparative method to produce polyribosomes from E. coli via their precipitation in a step-by-step sucrose gradient in the Ti-15 zonal rotor. Polyribosomes had the ability to translate mRNA in vitro. Polyribosomal proteins were isolated by the method of two-dimensional electrophoresis. The elongation factor EF-G was shown to occur in the polyribosomes.


there are more and more observational requirements of micro-seismic events, which usually need many geophones in the measurement network, and the moving-coil geophone is the most mature and cheap product, but the band of the moving-coil geophones on the high frequency appears inadequate, it is necessary to expand its frequency band, this paper use a negative feedback resistor to make it, it uses its simulation model of electric system for its simulation analysis in the Multisim software, in addition, it uses its transfer function model as the another simulation by the Matlab, which is verified to confirm the validity of the program.


As a measure to improve the blast furnace gas utilization efficiency during the iron making, decreasing the temperature of blast furnace thermal reserve zone (here called TRZ for short) by increasing the coke reactivity and therefore lowering the starting temperature of coke solution loss reaction (CSLR) has received much attention. However, this measure is proposed merely from a thermodynamic point of view by considering that the FeO reduction with CO is slightly exothermic. The effect of the CSLR starting temperature on the state of TRZ that also determines the kinetic conditions for indirect reduction has yet to be clarified. For this, a 1D kinetic model built previously is adopted in this paper to investigate how the TRZ state and gas utilization efficiency respond to the changes in the starting temperature of CSLR. The results show that with a decrease in the starting temperature, the height and average temperature of TRZ decrease, and the lower edge of TRZ shifts upwards. The gas utilization efficiency increases first and then decreases, thus leading to a critical starting temperature. Moreover, a lower critical temperature corresponds to a higher gas utilization efficiency. An increase in iron ore reducibility or top pressure can lower the critical temperature.


ABSTRACT The U3-U7 gene cluster of human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) was replaced with an enhanced green fluorescent protein-puromycin gene cassette containing the cytomegalovirus major immediate-early promoter. Neither viral replication in T cells nor latency and reactivation in macrophages was impaired. During HHV-6 latency, the cytomegalovirus promoter used the transcription start sites employed in cytomegalovirus latency.


Bloomsbury, Beasts and British Modernist Literature reveals how the Bloomsbury group's fascination with beasts – from pests to pets, tiny insects to big game – became an integral part of their critique of modernity and conceptualisation of more-than-human worlds. Through a series of close readings, it argues that for Leonard Woolf, David Garnett, Virginia Woolf and E. M. Forster, profound shifts in interspecies relations were intimately connected to questions of imperialism, race, gender, sexuality and technology. Whether in their hunting narratives, zoo fictions, canine biographies or (un)entomological aesthetics, these writers repeatedly test the boundaries between, and imagine transformations of, human and nonhuman by insisting that we attend to the material contexts in which they meet. In demonstrating this, the book enrichens our understanding of British modernism while intervening in debates on the cultural significance of animality from the turn of the twentieth century to the Second World War.


Estimating load by direct measurements for structures that are in use is in practice very difficult or impossible, either because the impact location is inaccessible or because the projectile is deformable and therefore cannot be instrumented. The problem of identifying impact force on mechanical structures is the inverse of the direct problem: the use of measured responses on a given structure to identify the causes, that is, the implicated impact forces. The approach needs to create experimentally or numerically, the transfer functions between the impact and the measurement points on the structure so as to measure the responses, and to find the load by deconvolution of the signal. It is known that this type of problem is poorly conditioned. To obtain a stable solution with a physical sense, it must be stabilized using conventional regulation methods, such as the Tikhonov method. The problem of characterizing the impact becomes more complex when the impact location is unknown; so it is necessary to create the transfer functions between several impacts and measuring points, and minimize the objective function, which can locate the impact and then identify the force impact history. This study develops an experimental method of identifying the impact force on two simple structures: a circular plate, using the transfer function obtained experimentally between the strain response and the force history applied to a point on the structure, and the Tikhonov method for the inverse problem. To locate the impact force, we used an experimental method based on the minimization of an objective function created from the transfer functions between several impact locations, forming a mesh structure with several measuring points.


Objective To explore and compare the curative effects of dynamic hip screws (DHS) and locking compression plate (LCP) in the treatment of elderly femoral intertrochanteric fractures. Methods 80 patients with intertrochanteric fractures in our hospital from April 2010 to April 2012 were randomly divided into DHS group (40 cases) and LCP group (40 cases), with DHS and LCP treatment respectively. Results The hip activity time, ambulation and fracture healing time of LCP group was significantly better than those of DHS group, and the differences were statistically significant (P 0.05). The rate of complications such as incision infection, pain, hip varus in the LCP group was lower than that in the DHS group (P 0.05); the Harris score in the LCP group was better than that of DHS group (P 0.05). Conclusions LCP system in the treatment of intertrochanteric fracture has obviously better curative effect than the DHS system, with the advantages of low rate of complications, better function recovery of hip joint, which is a safe and effective modality in the treatment of femoral intertrochanteric fractures.


This paper presents analog, hybrid, and digital simulation techniques for one-dimensional flow, diffusion, and wave- type systems. These techniques also provide the basis for the simulation of more complex distributed-parameter systems. Many of the techniques considered are well known; however some of them are just recently devel oped. The various techniques result from either discretiza tion and transformation of the original partial differential equations or from application of the method of charac teristics. From this point of view, it is possible to fit the techniques into a general framework. It will be indicated by means of the properties of each technique which type of computer will best implement it and which system can be treated by it most advantageously.