The article summarizes the empirical data obtained by P. N. Kolotinsky in 1913–1926 by means of questionnaires of graduates at the Yekaterinodar Gymnasium and the Krasnodar Soviet Labor School, as well as the questionnaires of graduates of Krasnodar schools in 1997, 2006, 2014 and 2020 respectively.The research focused on the values and ideals of high school students, with an important set of questions relating to school attitudes, favorite subjects and career choices. Although a significant number of questions have remained the same, the questionnaire procedure itself changed over the years, and the number and gender composition of the respondents varied considerably, the socio-political context of the surveys has a common feature: all studies have been carried out at the time of radical turns of history, in periods of social transformation. The authors pursued the following scientific objectives: to define the dynamics of attitudes towards school and its social role, to identify changes in the perception of occupations and preferences in school subjects, and to evaluate the perception of the experience of distance learning during the coronavirus pandemic. The methodology of the study included a questionnaire design, whose results were verified in four expert sessions in 2020. The school continues to be one of the basic social institutions that ensure the continuity of society and the socialization of generations. The social role of school as an important mechanism for the authorities to influence the formation of the values and attitudes of the population enhances in times of social and political transformations. The positive perception of the school throughout the period under review has lost its emotional intenseness, and a neutral and pragmatic perception of the school as a necessary stage for further education prevails. The vocational guidance of high-school students is influenced by a combination of factors (changes in the industrial structure of the economy, the socio-political environment, prevailing social stereotypes, the material well-being of the family, etc.) and the demands of society, formulated, inter alia, in numerical targets for admission to budgetary seats. The experience of distance learning is perceived by high school students as ambiguous and contradictory, and distance education has exacerbated the digital divide in property and generational dimensions.


Cereal crops commercialization plays a vital role in transforming the agriculture from subsistence orientation to market oriented production. In this study, it was attempted to identify factors that affect the extent of cereal crops commercialization in Ethiopia. The study used 384 sampled households from sinana district. Tobit regression model was used to identify the covariates of the extent of cereal crops commercialization. Accordingly, sex, education, family size, extension visit, livestock ownership, disease infestation of crops, access to market information, access to training, access to credit and non- farm income were found to be significant variables affected the extent of cereal crops commercialization up to 10 percent significance level. The implication of the results of the study is that improving extension services, enhancing of information channel and family planning issues need to be prioritized to improve the extent of cereal crops commercialization in Ethiopia.


African political developments. Odendaal brings considerable insight to this study. He first paved the way for this analysis in his earlier seminal works on African politics, and he has played a leading role in academic and sporting opposition to apartheid for most of his life. The Founders is as comprehensive as it is passionate. Odendaal's writing enriches the understanding of the ideals and efforts of a wide range of pioneering Africans who sought to make for themselves a level playing field for democracy despite the vicissitudes of whites. The book spans fifty comparatively brief chapters—most are ten to twelve pages—beginning in the mid-nineteenth century and ending in 1912 with the formation of the ANC. Odendaal opens part 1 by setting the context in which Africans first came to terms with the colonial order. A key element of this process was, of course, the Christian "civilizing mission" and its attendant features of literacy and democracy. He then shows how deftly African leaders transformed this process into political activism, especially in the Eastern Cape. In part 2, Odendaal shows how the "Congress" movement spread and won over supporters, including women, across the country. In part 3, he considers the rapid growth of African political engagement following the South African War of 1899–1902. Finally, in part 4, Odendaal shows how African leaders forged a national democratic political platform in the South African Native National Congress. If Odendaal leaves a small lacuna in his broad inclusivity of African political initiatives, it is perhaps in terms of an apparent neglect of some of the important developments in rural Natal and Zululand. There is, for example, only a brief treatment of the relations among the Natal African Christian leaders and the Zulu royal family that led to the emergence of Inkatha. Throughout, Odendaal's consistent and cogently argued main point is that the influence of Western-educated elites, or "school people," was the strongest line of continuity for the ANC.


The highly sensitive and selective detection of Cr3+ is critical.

We report the development of poly(γ-glutamic acid) (γ-PGA)-functionalized iron oxide nanoparticles (γ-PGA-Fe3O4 NPs) as a magnetic nanosensor for magnetic resonance (MR) detection of trivalent chromium (Cr3+) in aqueous solution.

 The γ-PGA-Fe3O4 NPs with a mean particle size of 7.3 nm, good colloidal stability and ultrahigh r2 relaxivity (326.8 mM−1s−1) were synthesized via a facile mild reduction approach in the presence of γ-PGA, and used for MR detection of Cr3+.

 Upon exposure to Cr3+, the γ-PGA-Fe3O4 NPs aggregated into nanoclusters as verified by dynamic light scattering due to the coordination of Cr3+ with γ-PGA side chain carboxyl groups, resulting in the decrease in their transverse relaxation time. This MR signal change enables detection of Cr3+ in a concentration range of 0.4-1 nM. We also show that the γ-PGA-Fe3O4 NPs have an excellent selectivity toward Cr3+ and a high recovery percentage of 83.8% or above.

This study thus demonstrates that the developed γ-PGA-Fe3O4 NPs may be used as a nanoprobe for MR sensing of Cr3+ in water environment.


Colorectal masses can be non-neoplasm, benign neoplasm and malignant neoplasm. Diagnosis of colorectal mass can be done by biopsy or surgery then followed by histopathological examination. The aim of this study was to described the histopathology feature of colorectal mass biopsy in the Anatomic Pathology Laboratory of Arifin Achmad Regional Hospital in Riau Province January 2015 - December 2019. This study found 304 cases consisted of men (55,6%) and women (44,4%). The highest number of cases was in the 50-59 years age group (29,3%). The Malays (17,8%) was the largest ethnic group. The highest occupation was housewives (22%). Rectal tumor (73,1%) was the most common clinical diagnosis. The histopathological examination results of colorectal mass biopsy were non-neoplasm (26,7%), benign neoplasm (1,3%), and malignant neoplasm (72%). Adenocarcinoma was the most common biopsy histopathologic feature of malignant neoplasm (64,8%).


This paper take the "How to adjust and use the spectrometer" as the example to discuss how to divide the system function,how to design learner-centered system,and how to achieve interactions.In order to explore the application of VR in education.


Purpose : To evaluate the efficacy of using the Icare® (Icare Finland Oy, Vantaa, Finland) rebound tonometer combined with a simple supplementary device for self-measurement of intraocular pressure (IOP). Subjects and Methods : This study involved 104 eyes of 52, healthy right- handed volunteers. IOP was consecutively measured using the Icare® by an ophthalmologist and by the participants themselves through self-examination. To accurately position the Icare® probe against the center of the cornea during self-examination, a colored board with a 7-mm-diameter central hole affixed to an eyeglass frame was used. Participants were then instructed to wear the frame, insert the Icare® probe into the hole, and self-measure the IOP of both eyes. Results : Correlation was found between the IOP readings obtained by the ophthalmologist and those obtained by self-examination. The correlation was stronger when the position between the probe and cornea was in better alignment. In 42 eyes, the probe was precisely directed at the center of the cornea, and those readings were found to be strongly correlated. Conclusions : The Icare® combined with a simple supplementary device proved effective for producing reliable IOP readings, thus providing the possibility of using the Icare® for self-examination of IOP in both the home and clinical settings.


Abstract. The purpose of this paper is to disclose the number of Cram School managers who enter employment with the government and begin a career because of their cram school management in Taiwan. Because of the current financial and economic crisis, people find that they are living in an unstable environment. People desire to have a stable career, and considering the fact that a private company may not offer constant stability, they are looking to the government for employment. Their reasoning is that employment with the government offers the stability they are seeking regardless of the economic crisis. They are looking for a career that will last until they retire. Many have tried several times to pass the exam in order to achieve their dream job. In 2011 there were 135,004 people who took the exam, but only 1.61% were offered a job. This research is based on personal interviews and SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats) analysis.


Abstract : This paper is based primarily on impressions and information gathered firsthand on a visit to the Mongolian People's Republic (MPR) during the period 15-24 June 1989. I accompanied a group sponsored by the California Academy of Sciences as study leader. The group came to Ulan Bator by direct flight from Moscow and departed from Mongolia via Irkutsk, where we boarded the Transsiberian railroad to Khabarovsk and then flew to Japan. The time spent in the MPR included five days in Ulan Bator, the capital, and four in the countryside, including extensive excursions in the South Gobi. Keywords: Outer mongolia; USSR; International relations; Economics; International trade.


Purpose of the study: the authors address the specific pathology of oral mucosa in the elderly patients, mainly because in dentistry, the diagnosis of these disorders involves special therapeutic approaches. Study material and method: a clinical-statistical study was performed on a group of 100 patients of both sexes, aged between 55 and 75 years old, aiming at detecting oral mucosal lesions, with or without the presence of several simultaneous comorbidites. The results of the examined patients with impaired oral mucosa were submitted to statistical analysis, revealing the presence of 32 patients with mucosal lesions, 16 women and 16 men. The analysis of the lesion types revealed the diversity of the discovered lesion forms, in direct relation with age and associated risk factors which occurred more frequently in the patients over the age of 55. In conclusion, oral mucosal lesions should be considered as complex, in the context of the biological age of the patient, but also in the presence of the general risk factors and the delimitation between the elderly patients, with physiological changes caused by the aging process and the elderly patients with obvious signs of general associated illness, in other words, a delimitation between the state of disease and aging, with their repercussions on the patients' quality of life and last but not least, a consideration of the local-regional factors.


The diastereoselectivity of acylation of β-cyclodextrin with the acid chlorides of Ibuprofen, Flurbiprofen and 2-phenylpropanoic acid is complementary, in absolute and relative terms, to that observed in the hydrolysis of the corresponding cyclodextrin esters.


The effects of chlorimuron application timing on the development of spotted wilt disease of peanut caused by tomato spotted wilt tospovirus was studied in fifteen field trials in Georgia from 2000 through 2007. Chlorimuron at 9 g ai/ha was applied to new peanut cultivars at various intervals ranging from 60 to 105 days after emergence (DAE) under weed-free conditions. When averaged over chlorimuron application timings, AP-3, and Georgia-02C had less spotted wilt incidence than Georgia Green but only AP-3 produced yields equivalent to Georgia Green. AT-201 had significantly higher levels of spotted wilt and 44% lower yields when compared to Georgia Green. Spotted wilt incidence of Georgia-03L did not differ from Georgia Green but the yields of GA03L were 24% lower than Georgia Green. Differential tolerance of peanut cultivars to chlorimuron was not observed. When averaged over cultivars, chlorimuron applied at 60–69 DAE, 70–79 DAE, or 90–99 DAE increased the incidence of spotted wilt by 6–9%. However, peanut yields were not reduced by any application of chlorimuron.


This paper presents a control system for active Suspension systems which have been widely applied to vehicles, right from the horse- drawn carriages with flexible leaf springs fixed at the four corners, to the modern automobiles with complex control algorithms. This implementation includes constructing the transfer function of the control system then making a simulation using MATLAB software. It is found that active suspension system improves ride comfort even at resonant frequency. For step input the of 0.08 m, the sprung mass displacement has been reduced by 25 % which shows the improvement in ride comfort and sprung mass acceleration reduced by 89.93% .The suspension travel has been reduced by 74.64% and tire deflection has reduced by 89.73% .For the real application in vehicles, the proposed active suspension structure faces inevitably some challenges including the cost, the required space in vehicle and power consumption .


This booklet contains the proceedings of the Third Workshop on Practical Use of Coloured Petri Nets and the CPN Tools, August 29-31, 2001. The workshop is organised by the CPN group at Department of Computer Science, University of Aarhus, Denmark. The papers are also available in electronic form via the web pages: http://www.daimi.au.dk/CPnets/workshop01/


The discovery in 2008 of high-energy gamma-rays from Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 Galaxies (NLS1s) made it clear that there were active galactic nuclei (AGN) other than blazars and radio galaxies that can eject powerful relativistic jets. In addition to NLS1s, the great performance of the Fermi Large Area Telescope made it possible to discover MeV-GeV photons emitted from more classes of AGN, like Seyferts, Compact Steep Spectrum Gigahertz Peaked Sources (CSS/GPS), and disk-hosted radio galaxies. Although observations indicate a variety of objects, their physical characteristics point to a central engine powered by a relatively small-mass black hole (but, obviously, there are interpretations against this view). This essay critically reviews the literature published on these topics during the last eight years and analyzes the perspectives for the forthcoming years.


With the growth of social economy,consumption has appeared diversified development trends.In social consumption,college students,as a special consuming group,play an important part in consumption.Under the influence of modern consuming idea,life style,and fashion,the consuming psychology and behavior of college students would affect each other,causing a particularly conspicuous contradictions.This paper is to discuss about consumption culture of college students,to reveal the conception,value orientation,behavior rules and life style in it,so as to target at guiding correctly consumption culture of college students by effective measures.


Hepatitis A (HA) is a major public health problem worldwide. An inactivated HA vaccine has recently been launched in a number of developed countries. This paper discusses the clinical features, virology, epidemiology and prevention of HA. The different approaches to HA vaccine development are discussed, with particular emphasis on live attenuated and inactivated vaccines. Evidence of the safety, immunogenicity and efficacy of the latter is presented, and groups at increased risk of infection with HA, who are likely to benefit from vaccination, are listed.


The article considers the psychological concept of "emotional intelligence" and the scientific rationale of this phenomenon. The author provides the results of assessing the level of emotional intelligence and volitional qualities of a person. A conclusion is made regarding the conditions of the development of these psychological characteristics depending on personal professional orientation.


The invention discloses a double-gamut multi-timbre urheen which comprises a sound tube and an instrument pole, and the double-gamut multi-timbre urheen comprises the double sound tubes, wherein an auxiliary sound tube is arranged in the sound tube, and the auxiliary sound tube is movable; a gap is arranged between the auxiliary sound tube and the sound tube; and a changeover device is arranged on the instrument pole and the changeover device is connected with the auxiliary sound tube. The sound tube or the auxiliary sound tube can be selected for sounding by controlling the displacement of the auxiliary sound tube. An additional facility in the auxiliary sound tube can be used for enabling timbre of the urheen to become dulcet and increasing the volume. The double-gamut multi-timbre urheen has the effect that the sound tube and the auxiliary sound tube can sound seperately, thereby doubling the gamut of the urheen and changing the timbre. The gamut of the urheen is increased, the timbre becomes dulcet, and the effects of convenience for use and balanced specific gravity are achieved.


Based on the phase diagrams, measured activities and the annexation principle, calculating models of mass action concentrations for In-Bi-Cu and In-Sb-Cu melts have been formulated. Calculated results not only agree well with practical values, but also obey the mass action law, showing that the deduced model can reflect the structural reality of given melts and that the annexation principle is applicable to these two ternary metallic melts. So long as there is one from threebinary systems constituting the ternary melts, in which the activities of one component exhibit positive deviation relative to Raoultian behavior, heterogeous melts inevitably would form, so heterogeneous calculating model should be used to calculate their mass action concentrations. On the contrary,if all the binary melts are homogeneous and their activities exhibit negative deviation with respect to the Raoult's law, then the ternary melts formed from them will certainly be homogeneous,hence single phase model should be applied.


employed a nonexperimental, quantitative research design with self-report measures. The majority of participants in this study were female students from a Midwestern community college. In Study 1, the reliability and divergent validity of the CSES was tested. In Study 2, the unidimensional factor structure of for the reliability and validity of the CSES with community college participants from the Midwest United States. Based on the results of this research, instructors and researchers may administer the CSES for COMPUTER SELF-EFFICACY REVISITED Although the use of technology improves student learning and motivation (Ciampa, 2014), relying on online learning environments alone likely will not lead to better grades (Rosen, Carrier, associated with training effectiveness (Chien, 2012), intensions to use computers, their perceived ease of use (Hsia, Chang, & Tseng, 2014), and test performance (Hauser, Paul, Bradley, & Jeffrey, 2012). Although the growth rate of online learning systems is astounding, the lack of research on individual differences affecting users' adoption of online learning is problematic. Bandura (2016) pointed out that as technologies and informational topic for study. Researchers developed the concept within the domain of general computing" (p. 54). HISTORY OF COMPUTER SELF-EFFICACY MEASUREMENT stemmed from the acceptance and availability mainframe computer skills. Researchers criticized referred to developed skills rather than envisioned capabilities. Other measures became quickly outdated because they contained references to outdated software programs such as WordPerfect (Compeau & Higgins, 1995). Cassidy and Eachus (2002) developed the the item, "DOS-based computer packages don't cause many problems for me." Conrad and Munro beliefs with outdated measurement tools, although their now-antiquated Computer Technology Use Scale referenced VCRs, CDs, and video recorders. Howard (2014) asserted that many computer selfJournal of Instructional Research | Volume 7 (2018) 56 GRAND CANYON UNIVERSITY outdated but lacked psychometric properties. Chiu items from eight different authors. Regardless of the validity issues with past researchers envisioned theoretical applications and the future usefulness of such developments. Cassidy and Eachus (2002) envisioned computer who may face motivational obstacles and negative perceptions of control in their learning environment. Compeau and Higgins (1995) asserted that low high levels of anxiety and stress, which ultimately leads to a decline in performance. VALIDITY CONCERNS are often used interchangeably in the literature. For instance, Sun and Rueda (2012) investigated relationships among motivational and engagement variables for participants enrolled in online courses in gerontology and engineering at a university in Southwestern United States. was the overall construct measured by the Web 2006), although Sun and Rueda operationally in their study. An example item contained in the Internet Technology subscale is, "I am not really sure what a modem does." Sun and Rueda concluded on student engagement, which is not surprising considering the measurement tool utilized for the study. Convergent validity is also a concern with Wang, Shannon, and Ross (2013) researched the relationships among 2,139 college students' selfregulated learning, and their characteristics, online learning courses, and they concluded that when students had higher levels of motivation in their online courses, their levels of technology (Miltiadou & Yu, 2000) utilized in Wang et al.'s study referenced online learning activities such as opening a browser, replying to a message board, and using email with four subscales. A sample item from the Internet Competencies subscale is, As noted by Wang et al. (2013), their results were Puzziferro measured online technologies selfwith an instrument validated with four separate scales but found them to be unreliable and combined the items into a single construct. Wang et al. concluded that students with higher levels of tended to receive better grades. Wang et al. concluded that "based two different dimensions, general computer selfin general computer skills as well as in using online learning platforms" (p. 317). Wang et al. made no within the measure itself, divided into four separate scales, clearly referenced online computing skills. reached full research potential (Howard, 2014) as envisioned by early investigators. Howard created ever-changing technologies in mind, evidenced by general terms such as "computers" contained within items that reference technology. Howard noted that "scale validation is never complete . . . validated beyond those within the current study" COMPUTER SELF-EFFICACY SCALE Scores on the 12-item CSES indicate participants' feelings towards their capabilities in working with a laptop or desktop computer. Items include statements such as, "I am a selfreliant person when it comes to doing things on a computer," and "I can remain calm when facing abilities." Throughout the development of the new measure, Howard (2014) measured several aspects .95). In order to gauge criterion validity, Compeau


The existence of initial imperfections in manufacturing or assemblage of real structures is inevitable. Many of these imperfections in double-layer space structures, such as the curvature and length imperfections, are random in nature. In this paper, the effect of initial curvature imperfection in the load carrying capacity of double-layer space structures is investigated. For this purpose, three different types of supports are considered. The curvature imperfection is considered as a random number by gamma distribution. The probabilistic model is used to distribute the random imperfections among all members of the structure. The collapse behavior and the ultimate capacity of the considered structures are determined using nonlinear analysis and this procedure is repeated by Monte Carlo simulation method. The results show that the collapse behavior of double-layer grid space structures is highly sensitive to the random distribution of initial imperfections.


As of today, Internet has changed the world and since his commercial incursion in the early nineties of the twentieth century, this would not be the same. Its impact has been monumental and historically few inventions in the humanity history have changed so much the lives of the human beings. However, the internet is much more than a few connected computers and some web sites to access. Additionally, some rules of nature for cells and species also apply to Internet. The World Wide Web and phenomena that inhabit on it as a public health 2.0, are more than a network of websites connected by hyperlinks. The web 2.0 belongs to one of those collective intelligence where like in swarms, the concept of self-organizations is essential. The new scientific revolution brings different concepts to try to understand the dynamics of the World Wide Web and thereby to comprehend from another perspective the complex phenomena as public health.


In this paper we present results on the deposition of titanium nitride and titanium carbide films by pyrolytic laser-induced chemical vapor deposition using a cw TEM00 CO2 laser beam. TiN lines were deposited onto mild steel substrates while TiC spots were deposited on silica substrates. The microstructure of the surface and of fractured cross-sections of the films were examined by scanning electron microscopy. The topography of the films and the thickness measurements were studied both with diamond-stylus and non-contact laser profilometers. The chemical composition of the TiN films was investigated by electron probe microanalysis. X-ray diffraction was used for phase and structure analyses of the TiC films.


A ±10.5 V programmable pulse generator (PPG) fabricated by high-voltage (HV) BCD CMOS technology is demonstrated, where a charge pump composed of five cascaded voltage doublers is included to boost the voltage from 2.5 V to be higher than 10 V. A cross-voltage-domain operational amplifier is proposed to carry out voltage level conversion and amplification. HV analogue switches are also proposed to change the direction of output currents. The proposed 16-channel PPG is realised on silicon, where the die area is 5.43 mm2. Physical measurements justify that the maximum output current is 525 μA, and the largest voltage of the pulses is ±10.5 V.


This paper presents Dayan sequence to construct QC-LDPC codes through the combination of mathematical theory. The paper introduces the procedure of the coding principle and coding. Dayan sequence constructed QC-LDPC codes is compared with rate compatible QC-LDPC, Simulation results show that the bit error rate (BER)performance of Dayan sequence constructed QC-LDPC is improved by 0.5dB. Then QC-LDPC codes constructed by the Dayan sequence are used in coded cooperative communication. Compared it with PEG algorithm, array code and Mackey code,the results show that the performance of Dayan sequence is superior. That is to say that Dayan sequence code constructed QC-LDPC is effective in coded cooperative communication.


To study the conditions of 'FOX, RV, CMV, HSV infection(that is TORCH infection) among the neonates in our hospital. Methods A total of 65 neonates in our hospital were given serum TORCH-IgM tests with EIISA method. Results There were altogether 18 patients with positive TORCH-IgM with in 65 neonates in hospital. Among them there were 14 with positive CMV-IgM,8 with TOX-IgM,5 with positive HSV2-IgM,and 3 with positive RV-IgM. The infection rate were 21.54%,12.31% ,7.69% ,4.62% respectively in the neonates in hospital. The total infection rate of TORCH is 27.69%(18/65). Conclusions TORCH infection is very common in neonates in our hospital. CMV infection was the commonest, and the TOX infection came next.


We prove the existence of a lower semicontinuous value function for Bolza problem in differential games with state-constraints. As a byproduct, we obtain a new estimation of trajectories of a control system by trajectories with state constraints. This result which could be interesting by itself enables us to build a suitable strategy for constrained differential games. We also characterize the value function by means of viscosity solutions and give conditions under which the value function is locally Lipschitz continuous.


Positive MV-algebras are negation-free and implication-free subreducts of MV-algebras. In this contribution we show that a finite axiomatic basis exists for the quasivariety of positive MV-algebras coming from any finitely generated variety of MV-algebras. 1 Positive subreducts of MV-algebras Let MV be the variety of MV-algebras [1] in the language containing all the usual definable operations and constants. Using this signature we denote an MV-algebra M ∈ MV as M = 〈M,⊕,⊙,∨,∧,→,¬, 0, 1〉. An algebra A = 〈A,⊕,⊙,∨,∧, 0, 1〉 is a positive subreduct of M if A is a subreduct of M. Definition 1. Let F = {⊕,⊙,∨,∧, 0, 1} be a set of function symbols, where ⊕,⊙,∨,∧ are interpreted as binary operations and 0, 1 as constants. An algebra P of type F is a positive MV-algebra if it is isomorphic to a positive subreduct of some MV-algebra. Clearly, every MV-algebra gives rise to a positive MV-algebra and every bounded distributive lattice is a positive MV-algebra. In fact, positive MV-algebras are to MV-algebras as distributive lattices are to Boolean algebras. Example 1 (Lower Chang algebra). Let C be Chang algebra and RadC = {0, ε, 2ε, . . . } be its radical, where the symbol ε denotes the least positive infinitesimal. Then the algebra Cl having the universe RadC ∪ {1} is a positive subreduct of C. Example 2 (Non-decreasing McNaughton functions). For each natural number n, the free ngenerated MV-algebra is isomorphic to the algebra Fn of McNaughton functions [0, 1] n → [0, 1]. Then the algebra Fn of nondecreasing McNaughton functions is a positive subreduct of Fn. The class of all positive MV-algebras is denoted by P. Since P is a class of algebras containing the trivial algebra and closed under isomorphisms, subalgebras, direct products and ultraproducts, it is a quasivariety. The following example shows that P is not a variety. Positive Subreducts Cabrer, Jipsen and Kroupa Example 3. Let θ be an equivalence relation on the algebra Cl from Example 1 with classes {0}, {ε, 2ε, . . . }, and {1}. Then θ is a P-congruence on Cl. The quotient Cl/θ is isomorphic to the three-element algebra {0̄, ε̄, 1̄} that satisfies the identities ε̄⊕ ε̄ = ε̄ and ε̄⊙ ε̄ = 0̄. However, the two equations cannot hold simultaneously in any MV-algebra. Hence, Cl/θ is not a positive MV-algebra. It can be shown that the quasivariety P is generated by the positive reduct of the standard MV-algebra [0, 1]. Moreover, the free n-generated positive MV-algebra is isomorphic to the positive subreduct Fn from Example 2.


References (128) are given on the detection and measurement of tritium and its compounds using scintillation detectors, ionization courters, Geiger- Mueller tubes, proportional detectors, and nuclear emulsions. All references are to work published between October 1961 and August 1963. An author index is included. (P.C.H.)


We have obtained high hole mobility of 1300 cm2/V s at room temperature in a hydrogen-terminated homoepitaxial diamond (001) layer grown at 766 °C and with the thickness of 6.5 μm. Above room temperature, the hole sheet density increased proportionally as the homoepitaxial-layer thickness increased. We discuss the mechanism for the high hole mobility near room temperature assuming parallel conduction in the homoepitaxial layer and on (or near) the surface.


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Letters of Sincerity. The Raffles collection of Malay letters (1780-1824). A descriptive account with notes and translation By AHMAT ADAM Kuala Lumpur: Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 2009. Pp. 420. Plates, Appendices, Notes, Bibliography and Index. This book is based on an extended essay the author submitted at SOAS in fulfilment of the MA degree in History in 1971. Although the eminent Raffles expert, John Bastin, stimulated the author to submit the thesis for publication, Ahmat Adam did not find the time or opportunity to work on the revisions before his retirement in 2005. Fortunately, the fact that this is a 30-year old thesis did not deter the author or the publisher from 'dusting off and revising the old thesis. As might be expected the book certainly shows some flaws from its transition from thesis into a book, but its great merit is that for the first time the book allows a large audience to view and use these primary sources in transliterated form accompanied with a good and reliable English translation. The book contains more than eighty Malay documents predominantly related to the British endeavour to obtain military support and provisions, livestock and information from independent rulers in the Malay Peninsula and Indonesia on the eve of the invasion of Java by British troops in 1811. In 1969 Bastin rediscovered these documents with Raffles' descendants in Scotland and the letters were soon reunited with the other items in the Raffles' family collection of letters, papers and other materials in the India Office Library, first on permanent loan, but in 2007 the British Library raised the funds to purchase the collection. The author presents the documents in six parts and subdivides them in accordance with their geographical origin (e.g. Part III: Letters from Sumatra; Chap. VIII: Siak letters). Each part has a concise introduction about the historical context of the region at the beginning of the nineteenth century, while more specific information is provided in footnotes. Here I will briefly discuss three regions that form the main providers of the documents. Perhaps rather surprisingly, Bali was the third biggest contributor of Malay letters, as Raffles considered the island of paramount importance in his strategy to conquer Java and envisaged it to supply 15,000 men with provisions and livestock (p. 321). There are ten Malay letters from the polity of Buleleng, under the ruler of Karangasem at the time, discussing their friendly relations, the rulers' eagerness to get rid of the Dutch, and the presents exchanged. There is also one letter in Balinese on palm leaf written by the ruler himself of which the Balinese original was enclosed with a Malay letter (Bali IX). A transliteration of the Balinese text and a Malay translation are given in an appendix. The English translation in the main section on Bali contains some confusing mistakes, which may be caused by errors in the Balinese original, but were left without comments by the editor. For instance, the English translation mentions that the ruler is sending twenty men or slaves as presents which is also stated in the Balinese original, but in the Malay translation of the text, and in the Malay letter accompanying the Balinese lontar manuscript, only two slaves are mentioned. In the introduction to the Palembang documents, the second most important contributor to the collection with 11 documents, the rule of the rather unmanageable Sultan Mahmud Badaruddin is discussed, in particular, the prelude to the massacre of the Dutch garrison in September 1811. Ostensibly, Raffles instigated Sultan Badaruddin in killing the Dutch in the first letters he sent to Palembang which contain the phrase pukul buang habiskan sekali-kali segala orang Holandes ('attack, evict and finish off all the Dutch'). The ruler seemed quite reluctant initially as the Dutch had been friendly with the Palembang court, but evidently changed his mind and decided to kill the garrison. …


This article investigates the weakly dominant strategy in Vickrey auctions when substitutes are available in the market. We find that it is optimal for the consumers to shade their bids so that they obtain at least the same surplus from the auction as they would from the market. For products that would be bought in the market, the optimal bid is the market price. For other products, the optimal bid is below the market price. Furthermore, the full bidding approach is an incentive-compatible method for eliciting consumers' valuations of product attributes if the products in the auction have the same field substitutes. Oxford University Press and Foundation for the European Review of Agricultural Economics 2009; all rights reserved. For permissions, please email firstname.lastname@example.com, Oxford University Press.


The article is dedicated to the problem of adaptation of both orphans and children deprived of parents' care, who are kept by the state child welfare. According to the analysis of some psychological and pedagogic material as well as personal work experience in the given field of research, the leavers of the state child welfare institutions are the most vulnerable category of children at their adulthood; those who to be socially unadjusted and professionally disorientated, as well as unable to realize themselves in the modern society


There are many of conflicts between forensic anatomy and ethics with forensic science progress.There is denying the fact that ethical problems in forensic anatomy cannot be circumvented by anybody.These ethical problems are ethical relationship between forensic anatomy and society,ethical relationship between forensic anatomy and death bodies,ethical problems between death bodies and forensic ethics and ethical problems on anatomy data sharing.When reveal their intrinsic difference among society,bodies and data sharing,we will use forensic medical knowledge for legal purpose and serve for justice better.It is imperative for us to take effective efforts to grasp forensic anatomy ethics.


Abstract Codium fragile (Sur.) Hariot subsp. tomentosoides (Van Goor) Silva is reported from Auckland Harbour. Although macroscopically similar to native forms of C. fragile, the subspecies can be positively identified by utricle anatomy. Its vigorous growth and efficient dispersal by asexual reproduction, and possibly by vegetative fragments, have resulted in a rapid spread to adjacent localities. These features suggest that the plant could be a nuisance to the shellfish industry as it has been in North America. The manner in which this weed was introduced is not clear, but transportation as a fouling organism, on ships is most probable.


The invention discloses an automobile rearview mirror which comprises a mirror face and a rotating shaft. The mirror face comprises an upper wide-angle mirror face body, a lower wide-angle mirror face body, an upper supporting plate and a lower supporting plate, wherein the upper supporting plate is used for embedding the upper wide-angle mirror face body, and the lower supporting plate is used for embedding the lower wide-angle mirror face body. The upper supporting plate and the lower supporting plate can rotate around the rotating shaft. The automobile rearview mirror is simple in structure, the observation view of the rearview mirror can be enlarged, the driving safety of automobiles is improved, the problem of limitation of the observation range of the automobile rearview mirror is solved, the situations around the automobiles and the situations of the roadside boundary of the maximum range can be observed through the rearview mirror in the parking and driving processes of the automobiles, and driving of the automobiles is safe and reliable.


Discussion of The Greek Slave by Hiram Powers (1805–73) has routinely cited John Tenniel's famous caricature The Virginian Slave (fig. 1), published in Punch in 1851 as the "fitting companion" to Powers's statue.[1] Tenniel's image made explicit the scandal of American slavery and accused Powers, and by extension the United States, of disavowing the reality of contemporary slavery in its imagined pairing with The Greek Slave. What has rarely been acknowledged is that a version of this fitting companion was, in fact, produced: The American Slave (fig. 2) by John Bell (1811–95). Bell's statue, first shown as A Daughter of Eve—A Scene on the Shore of the Atlantic in plaster at the Royal Academy in 1853, represents a young woman on the shore of Africa, chained and awaiting transportation to the Americas. The title was changed for the London International Exhibition in 1862, in response to the American Civil War. The statue shares the critical politics of Punch, which regularly and forcefully attacked the institution of slavery in the United States, and was intended, like the cartoon, to remind viewers of what The Greek Slave hid from view.


Cryopreservation of animal germplasm is an important ex situ conservation strategy. Germplasm can be preserved at subzero temperatures and recovered in a way that allows germline development to be resumed at a later time. This strategy is routinely used for genetic improvement of dairy cattle, maintenance of lab strains of rodents and in human reproductive medication, and it contributes to genetic conservation of a growing number of wild mammalian species. Although there is an urgent need, cryoconservation of germplasm for birds is limited, partly because of skepticism with respect to the effectiveness of cryopreservation techniques. An understanding of fundamental principles of cryobiology and comparative cryobiological and physiological properties of germplasm is essential to the development and optimisation of cryopreservation protocols. In mammals, slow freezing has been used to cryopreserve gametes and embryos but the effectiveness of slow freezing is specific to the cell type and it does not protect extracellular structures. Vitrification, which is a process of solidification without crystallisation, can be used to effectively preserve multicellular structures such as gonadal tissue. In some domestic and wild avian species, the fertility produced by cryopreserved semen is sufficient for conservation but the w chromosome is lost. Avian eggs and embryos cannot be cryopreserved, but gonadal tissue can be cryopreserved and recovered by transplantation. Cryopreservation of germplasm allows ex situ conservation of avian species because it allows repopulation without the limitations of geographic isolation or reproductive longevity.


Food and feast are integral and key components of human cultures across the world. Feasts associated with religious rituals have special social and cultural significance when compared to those in any other festivities or celebrations in people's life. In this study, an approach is made to comparatively analyze the feasts at religious festivals of two distinctive groups of people, one with a characteristic of simple society and the other of a complex society. The annual feast happening at the hamlets of the Anchunadu Vellalar community in the last days of the calendar year is an occasion that portrays the egalitarian nature of the people. While this feast is restricted within a single community of particular caste affiliation and geographical limitations, the feast associated with the kaliyattam ritual of village goddess in North Malabar is much wider in scope and participation. The enormous feast brings the people in a larger area and exhibits a solidarity that cuts across boundaries of religion, caste and community. Beyond the factors of social solidarity and togetherness, these events also illustrate its divisive characters mainly in terms of social hierarchy and gender. A comparative study of both the two feasts of two different contexts reveals the characteristic features of religious feasts and the value of food and feast in social life and solidarity and also how it acts as a survival of their past and as a tradition.


Terephthalic acid adsorbed onto Al2O3 from alcohol solution was studied by using inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy. A comparison with the tunneling spectrum of p-acetylbenzoic acid shows that terephthalic acid is adsorbed predominantly as a monocarboxylate ion onto the alumina surface.


This report examines optical CDMA communi- cation techniques with optical orthogonal codes. Simulations that show the desired properties of theses codes and their use in optical CDMA are reported. Based on the simulations, we investigate the properties of optical CDMA. Proba bility of error is also evaluated. I. INTRODUCTION


Ten bacteria capable of growth on the metal-cyano complex, tetracyanonickelate (II) {K2 [Ni(CN)J } (TCN), supplied as the sole nitrogen source, were isolated. Seven isolates were identified as pseudomonads while the remaining three were classified as Klebsiella species. In addition to TCN, all isolates were able to utilize KCN although it was significantly more toxic. The degradation of TCN was most complete when supplied at growth-limiting concentrations, did not occur when ammonia was present, and resulted in the formation of nickel cyanide [Ni(CN)2] as a degradation product.


Predicative objects consist of declarative object and referential object.The article examines the descriptive functions of the adjective objects of the 271 adjective-as-object verbs.The article deals with the features of these adjective-as-object verbs to find out theirs differences.It can be concluded that the descriptive function of an adjective object depends on the nature of the verb before it.


According to the definition of the National Institute of Statistics, the relative poverty rate represents the proportion of the poor (according to the relative estimation method) in the total population. It is considered poor people in households with an adult-equivalent income (including or exclusive of own resource consumption) lower than the poverty threshold. This indicator is currently determined for the 60% threshold of the median of adult-equivalent income. The indicator is sometimes referred to as "the risk of poverty". To analyze the dynamics of the relative poverty rate for the period considered, we used the statistical indicators of the chronological series, respectively the absolute, relative and average indicators.


Submitted for the MAR08 Meeting of The American Physical Society Fabrication of metamaterials in THz region using ink jet system and characterization using THz-TDS YEW LI HOR , HEE LIM, JOHN FEDERICI, NEW JERSEY INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY TEAM — This article demonstrates the use of new fabrication techniques to fabricate metamaterials in THz range via a material deposition system. The patterns of these metamaterials follow the conventional designs which are single ring-SRR and double-Dots with varying conductivities. Highly conductive nano particle Ag and Pedot/PSS polymer inks are used as structural medium. The fabricated metamaterials of effective lattice sizes of 50 to 80 micron are then characterized using THz-TDS with 0.1 to 3 THz range in transmission mode. The detail steps of fabrication and THz-TDS experimental setup are elaborated. The absorption spectra of different thicknesses and different background substrate of these metamaterials are presented and discussed. Additional, the theoretical modeling of the fabricated samples are shown and compared with the experimental result.


Adult education is formulated as a process that fosters a desire to ask questions and learn continuously throughout life. The study aims to answer the questions: What is the Bible as the basis for teaching design? What are the characteristics of adult education? What is the correct and effective formulation of a missionary for adult education? The answers are: 1) The Bible as the basis for teaching design means Bible values are the source and guide of all curricula; 2) Characteristics of adult education, both in the field of work and other experiences, are independent, think for their interests (future) and have diverse backgrounds; 3) Appropriate and effective missionary Bible studies for adult education are as follows: a) curriculum that reflects God ' s missionary vision (Missio Dei); b) a curriculum model for a missionary approach that uses information, stimulation, or projection and a learning process for missionary approach which is developed based on the interests of adults by integrating all forms of activities.


The article is devoted to application of Semantic Web methodology in organizations for solving problems of integrating the heterogeneous information resources and data. The approach to such system development was described: architecture, the applied techniques and software products were proposed. The system is based on a set of ontologies and aimed at extraction, integration, categorization, search for heterogeneous knowledge objects of organization on the basis of information systems and documents available in the organization. The system allows integrating knowledge of several organization-partners. Methodology and system represent a universal platform to develop Knowledge management system that may be applied in any knowledge domain


Objective:To investigate the feasibility and advantages of oral antibiotic treatment of pediatric pneumonia. Methods:During the observation of clinical cases were diagnosed as bacterial pneumonia in children(non-critical,6 months to 5 years of age) ,they were divided into oral antibiotics observation group and intravenous antibiotics control group randomly,the condition,adverse reaction,compliance of the sick children in treatment process of patients were com-prehensively evaluated. Results:For non-severe pediatric pneumonia,the difference between oral antibiotics and intra-venous antibiotic treatment was not statistically significant,there were statistically significant in compliance of the sick children of two groups,oral antibiotic had advantages. Conclusion:For non-severe pediatric pneumonia,oral antibiotics cure is effective,as a regular first choice for treatment of non-severe pneumonia in children,its possibility and superiority is accord with the current medical model.


The correct recognition of the core c ompetence of the corporation is the p remise of cultivating the core competence,and also of exercising t his theory in business administrati on.Because of the fact that the core c om-petence and its correlative concept are not recognized clearly at presen t,this paper gives a systematic recognition,including the concept,relationshi p,characteristics and the recognit ion process.


In this article the STEP-NC based turning features are regarded as our objective to optimize, and the database which is established with PostgreSQL will provide the information of the machine tools, tools and some constant data to the module. And then the cutting parameters optimization module was calculated with the Genetic algorithm and the optimized result was obtained.


We define piecewise semiprime (PWSP) rings R in terms of a set of triangulating idempotents in R. The class of PWSP rings properly contains both the class of semiprime rings and the class of piecewise prime rings. The PWSP property is Morita invariant and it is shared by some important ring extensions. A ring is PWSP if and only if it has a generalized upper triangular matrix representation with semiprime rings on the main diagonal. Another characterization of PWSP rings involves a generalization of the concept of m-systems and is similar to the description of a semiprime ring in terms of the prime radical. Finally we use the PWSP property to determine (right) weak quasi-Baer rings. These are rings in which the right annihilator of every nilpotent ideal is generated as a right ideal by an idempotent. Mathematics Subject Classification 2010: 16P60, 16P99, 16S50


The intended use of this book appears to have be as a Cattle Book from 1936, however there are no entries. The author of the diary turned the book around and used the book as a diary. As the chief use of the book was a diary, this is referred to as the front. Written inside front cover are pencil entries of cattle mustered. Preceding the diary is a page containing a few lines of verse, then a page entitled Total number of S. and M. cattle including yearlings, 222 . The diary commences on 12th April 1843. At back of the diary is a register of the number of cattle branded and where they were left (undated). The following page records Farm servants assigned to S:S at and after 1 June 1837 . The unused Cattle Book follows.


The phylogenetic positions of the bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) b-producing budding phototrophic bacteria Rhodopseudomonas viridis and Rhodopseudomonas sulfoviridis were studied on the basis of 16s rRNA gene sequence information. These bacteria formed a tight cluster with the genus Rhodoplanes as a sister group within the alpha-2 subgroup of the Proteobacteria. Genomic DNA-DNA hybridization assays showed that R. viridis and R. sulfoviridis were closely related but were different species. Creation of the genus Blastochloris gen. nov. is proposed to accommodate these BChl b-producing species of phototrophic bacteria. In 1984 some species of the classically defined genus Rhodopseudomonas were reclassified into new genera, including the new genera Rhodobacter and Rhodopila, on the basis of modern taxonomic criteria (17). In recent years, the taxonomy of the genus Rhodopseudomonas has been further reevaluated on the basis of increasing molecular and chemotaxonomic information, and this has led to rejection of the name Rhodopseudomonas rutila (10) and the transfer of some Rhodopseudomonas species to the genus Rhodobacter (19) and to the new genera Rhodoplanes (12) and Rhodobium (13). Despite these taxonomic changes, the species currently in the genus Rhodopseudomonas are still heterogeneous phylogenetically, and both molecular and phenotypic data strongly suggest that only the type species, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, should be placed in this genus. The proper taxonomic placement of the bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) b-containing Rhodopseudomonas species (i.e., Rhodopseudomonas viridis and Rhodopseudomonas sulfoviridis) is a subject for consideration in light of their characteristic features. It has been suggested that one of the BChl b-producing species, Rhodopseudomonas viridis, is phylogenetically distant from Rhodopseudomonas palustris (30) within the alpha-2 subgroup of the Proteobacteria and that this organism is more closely related to members of the genus Rhodoplanes (12). In the present study the 16s ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequence similarity of and genomic DNA relatedness between Rhodopseudomonas viridis and Rhodopseudomonas sulfoviridis were investigated. The results obtained indicate that these species should be placed in a distinct new genus of phototrophic bacteria, for which the name Blastochloris gen. nov. is proposed. The organisms investigated were Rhodopseudomonas viridis ATCC 19567T (T = type strain), Rhodopseudomonas sulfoviridis DSM 729T, Rhodoplanes roseus DSM 5909T, and Rhodopseudomonas palustris ATCC 17001T, all of which were obtained either from the American Type Culture Collection, Rockville, Md., or from the DSM-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH, Braunschweig, Germany. MYS medium (9), which contained mineral base RM2, 20 mM sodium DL-malate as the carbon source, and 0.05% yeast extract as the growth factor, was used for cultiva


The title compound, C 12 H 11 N 3 O 3 , was an unexpected reaction product. It is a rare example of a cyclic diazo amide and is a potential precursor for important azetidine derivatives via Wolff rearrangement.


This is an all-American linguistic classic - back in print at last. First published in 1848, John Russell Bartlett's "Dictionary of Americanisms" is a landmark compendium of American slang - a book that offers a fascinating glimpse into the politics, culture, and language of pre-Civil War America. Now republished with a foreword by language maven Richard Lederer, this is a great rediscovery and a perfect glimpse into how Americans talked in the mid-1800's. From New England regionalisms (funkify), New York Dutch words (olycoke), and Native American borrowings (netop) to colorful Western expressions (to see the elephant) and other surprisingly early usages (the blues, flunky), this is a highly readable, engaging dictionary for word buffs and American history fans alike. John Russell Bartlett (1805 - 1886) was a bookseller, politician, ethnographer, draftsman, and linguist. His "Dictionary of Americanisms" went through four editions between 1848 and 1877. Richard Lederer (San Diego, CA) is a bestselling authority on language, puns, and word usage. The author of "Anguished English" and other popular language books, he appears regularly on National Public Radio and elsewhere in the media.


Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI or "brittle bone" disease) is a genetic connective tissue defect which results in fragile bones and increased fracture rates. OI type III is the severe form of this disorder, resulting from mutations affecting the formation of type I collagen, the structural protein of bone. Defects in the collagen framework of developing bones lead to improper biomineralization and are thought to underlie the gross structural abnormalities seen in patients with OI, such as midfacial hypoplasia, dental malocclusions, and macrocephaly. Low bone mineral density (BMD) in the post‐cranial skeleton and brittle teeth have been reported in human patients with OI as well as murine models of the disorder, yet little is known about craniofacial biomineralization in OI. Typically, skeletal mineralization is responsive to the strain environment throughout growth. The aim of this study is to investigate longitudinal changes in craniofacial BMD in a mouse model of OI type III, and to quantify BMD in regions both proximal and distal to the biomechanical forces generated by feeding behaviors. We hypothesize that mice with OI will have lower BMD at weaning than their unaffected littermates, and will maintain this lower BMD throughout growth. We also hypothesize that both genotypes will demonstrate the absolute highest levels of BMD in regions proximal to the bite point, due to the biomechanical forces generated by feeding.


The purpose was to evaluate clinical and radiographical outcome of 1777 patella non-resurfacing in two major centres. Patella management in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is of concern when resurfaced (multiple problems) or when non-resurfaced (pain). Reports in the literature are frequently non-specific regarding surgical approach, femoral rotation alignment, and femoral design. 1777 non-resurfaced patella TKAs from two large centres were evaluated with a 2 to 15 year follow-up, using similar selection criterion, operative techniques, and prostheses. Patient demographics included 70% females (mean age 68 years). Diagnoses included 8% rheumatoid. Radiologic skyline view assessment of 200 cases (100 from each centre) with longest (mean 9. 2 years) follow-up, formed a subset group. Clinical success rate was good/excellent in 94. 6%; scores improved from 59 to 87. Patella-related anterior knee pain requiring re-operation was 1. 1% (19 patients), only 9 (0. 55%) of which had unequivocal improvement following re-surfacing. Twenty-one cases (1. 2%) underwent "incidental" patella resurfacing at revision for other reasons. There were no patella subluxations or dislocations. Two hundred cases with longest follow-up revealed perfect congruent contact in 97. 5% with no lateral deviation (mid-sulcus to patella crown) over 6 mm. Asymptomatic remodelling was noted in 8%, with relative sclerosis and height loss of the lateral facet in 2. 5%. No changes correlated with clinical symptoms. These data support a success rate of over 98% with non-resurfaced patella in a mobile-bearing (LCS) TKA system that includes a patella friendly design, proper soft tissue management, and femoral component rotational alignment using the tibial shaft axis and balanced flexion tension gap method.


PSI from cyanobacteria, green plants, and algae functions as a plastocyanin: Fd oxidoreductase. It is composed of a heterodimer of the PsaA and PsaB apoproteins (82-83 kD) that hold together in the correct orientation P700, the electron acceptors A, (a Chl molecule), A, (a phylloquinone molecule), and F, (an intermolecular 4Fe-4S center). Besides these two chloroplast-encoded large subunits, PSI contains numerous low mo1 wt subunits of both chloroplast and nuclear origin (for review, see Golbeck and Bryant, 1991). Three of these subunits, PsaC, PsaD, and PsaE, are located on the stromal side of PSI and have been studied extensively. PsaC is the apoprotein of the secondary electron acceptors FA and F,, which are both 4Fe-4S centers (Wynn and Malkin, 1988). PsaE is involved in the cyclic electron transfer around PSI (Yu et al., 1993). PsaD has two major roles on the acceptor side of PSI. First, it is required for the binding of PsaC and PsaE to the complex (Li et al., 1991; Chitnis and Nelson, 1992). Second, PsaD can be cross-linked specifically to Fd and appears therefore to be the Fd docking protein of PSI (Zilber and Malkin, 1988). This subunit is essential for the in vivo function of PSI (Chitnis et al., 1989). The PsaD cDNAs or genes have been cloned in many plant and cyanobacterial species. Because of the importance of this subunit for PSI function, it was of interest to isolate its cDNA from the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, which is a model system for studying photosynthesis (Rochaix, 1992). Because of the biased codon usage of nuclear genes in this alga, it was not possible to clone the gene by using heterologous probes. Attempts to purify PsaD of C. reinhardtii have failed because of the co-migration of PsaD and PsaF on polyacrylamide gels. An antiPsaF serum was previously described and was found to be contaminated by antibodies recognizing specifically the PsaD subunit from C. reinhardtii (Bassi et al., 1992; J. Farah and J.-D. Rochaix, unpublished data). We have purified these contaminating antibodies by incubating the serum with a filter containing immobilized PSI proteins


Detection of network attack traffic in network environments is majorly studied in the literature by applying various data mining and machine learning techniques. The existing studies which applied data and machine learning techniques consider network traffic instances in either pcap or csv representations. In the current contribution, the basic idea is to use network traffic images which are obtained from pcap representations. These generated network traffic images are then used to design and build efficient machine learning models. Another advantage of representing the network traffic in the form of images is that these images can be used to evaluate the computational performance of deep learning models also. Till date, the existing machine learning studies on cloud network traffic attack detection and network environments did not apply network traffic images to build machine learning models but only applied to build deep learning models which form the motivation for the present research. We propose to use the network traffic images for designing new machine learning models.


This is the second of five volumes of the Information System Life-Cycle and Documentation Standards. This volume provides a well-organized, easily used standard for management plans used in acquiring, assuring, and developing information systems and software, hardware, and operational procedures components, and related processes.


This perspective article urges the academic community to adopt a coordinated approach uniting dental medicine and engineering to support research, training, and entrepreneurship to address the unmet needs and spur oral health care innovations. We describe a new interschool institute that brings together dentists, scientists and engineers, resources, and a training program dedicated for affordable oral health care innovations, which may serve as a template for dental medicine–engineering integration.


Saudi–Jordanian relations are a mismatch between broadly identical interests and differing means and capacities to realize them. Saudi Arabia has the potential to advance its interests, but is hamstrung by leadership structure, habit and political culture. Jordan has some advantages in terms of leadership structure, habit and political culture, but has only limited ability to affect its interests. Saudi Arabia's historic sensitivities concerning its one-time Hashemite rival in Arabia are largely that; they do not directly affect Saudi policy towards Jordan. Tribal mobilization could be used by either side in the unexpected event of its neighbour's collapse, but it is not a key means of realizing state objectives. Saudi Arabia's internal political sensitivities do not drive its attitude towards Jordan. However, Jordan's internal political situation makes it sensitive to Saudi Islamists, but its political problems are largely a domestic affair. These in turn affect Jordan's foreign policy orientation. A mutual concern about domestic security vulnerabilities has long made both kingdoms relatively dependent on the US. The extent to which they cannot now wholly rely on the US, however, is one reason why they are drawn closer together. There are limits, though, to the importance of the relationship for either country. Neither side's internal or external problems can be resolved by the actions or inactions of the other. Neither regime can guarantee the survival of the other or can even be expected to do much if the other were under threat. However, the two countries are trying to work more closely together. In a more threatening regional environment, this is important.


We experimentally demonstrate the simultaneous radio-over-fibre transmission of an analogue 1-GHz OFDM signal on a mm-wave carrier frequency at 33 GHz and digitized 10 Gb/s data. Single-wavelength transport is supported through an intensity/phase modulation pair and a compact silicon micro-ring resonator, at <1dB penalties.


For the purpose of strenthening the experimental teaching of electronic technology and increasing students overall qualities, the examination system of the course was improved and optimized and the new marking standard was laid down, so as to better reflect students' real level and foster stndents rigorous learning style of seeking truth form facts and stimulate students' initiative to attend the experimental course of electronic technology and improve students basic experimental skills


A field experiment was conducted at Wollo University experimental site during March to June 2013 cropping season. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of intra-row spacing on the growth and development of tomato. The experiment was conducted on a randomized complete block design with three replication. Only one variety Roma VF was used on the experiment. The treatment used are 20, 25, 30,35cms spacing between plants with an inter-row spacing of 70cm.  Growth and development parameters were recorded and analyzed by using ANOVA. The result revealed that tomato plants planted at 30 and 35cms had higher branch number, flower and fruit number per plant but shorter in plant height. In general this research indicated that high plant density (narrow) spacing greatly affected plant. Significant effects (p≤0.05) of intra row spacing were observed for number of flower per plant.. The wider spacing (30cm,35cm) had the highest flower per plant (53 and 56) and the lower spacing (20cm an 25cm) had lowest flower per plant ( 21 and 26). Significant effect (p≤0.05) of in the intra-row spacing was observed for number of branches per plant. A significant effect (p≤0.05) of intra row spacing was observed for plant height. The maximum height was recorded from lower spacing (20cm, 25cm) i.e. 51 and 44 and the minimum plant height were recorded from wider spacing i.e. 40 and 39. Highly significant effects (p≤0.01) of intra row spacing were observed for number of fruit and leaf area. The wider spacing (30cm and 35cm) had the highest fruit per plant (43 and 44) and the lower spacing (20cm an 25cm) had lowest fruit per plant (10 and 12cms).


Autonomous electronic microsystems smaller than the diameter of a human hair (<100 μm) are promising for sensing in confined spaces such as microfluidic channels or the human body. However, they are difficult to implement due to fabrication challenges and limited power budget. Here we present a 60 × 60 μm electronic microsystem platform, or SynCell, that overcomes these issues by leveraging the integration capabilities of two-dimensional material circuits and the low power consumption of passive germanium timers, memory-like chemical sensors, and magnetic pads. In a proof-of-concept experiment, we magnetically positioned SynCells in a microfluidic channel to detect putrescine. After we extracted them from the channel, we successfully read out the timer and sensor signal, the latter of which can be amplified by an onboard transistor circuit. The concepts developed here will be applicable to microsystems targeting a variety of applications from microfluidic sensing to biomedical research.


An intelligent water pipe leak detection and location instrument is developed based on adaptive filtering methods. To achieve its better performance in lower SNR and nonstationary environments, the paper studies two information processing schemes: bias-free LMS time delay estimation(LMSTDE) and real-time evaluation of the adaptive estimation result by dynamically discriminating the adaptation's convergence. The experiment results show that it can not only improve the adaptive leak detector's sensibility and stability in lower SNR noisy background, but also optimize the pinpointed result and increase its reliability in complicated nonstationary environment.


The 12C(γ,pn) and 12C(γ,pp) reactions have been measured for photon energies between 80 and 157 MeV using a photon tagging spectrometer and plastic scintillator detectors. The overall energy resolution was ∼7 MeV, sufficient to determine the initial shells of the emitted nucleons. Corrections were made for solid angle and threshold effects by means of Monte Carlo simulations. For the (γ,pn) reaction both the missing energy and recoil momentum distributions are largely consistent with a two-nucleon absorption process on p-shell an sp nucleon pairs. For the much smaller 12C(γ,pp) cross section the reaction mechanism is not yet understood but the recoil momentum distributions suggest that final state interactions are not dominant.


While intensification of human activities and its ecological effects in many natural areas have recently received much attention, land abandonment in marginal areas is still the largely ignored side of a process rooted in the same socioeconomic context. Decreasing human impact in marginal rural areas often triggers a recovery of seminatural vegetation. Over a period of 25 years, we studied the changes in landscape and vegetation structure that followed land abandonment in a traditional Mediterranean mosaic of crops, grasslands, shrublands and woodlands, and assessed their effects on songbird occurrence and distribution. We combined an analysis of vegetation changes based on aerial photo interpretation with an analysis of bird censuses from 1978, 1992 and 2003 at two spatial scales: landscape and census plot (respectively 2800 and 3 ha). The perceived temporal changes in the vegetation were scale dependent. At the landscape scale, open habitats tended to disappear and woodlands matured. The contrasts in vegetation structure that defined habitat patches at the onset of the study tended to disappear. There was an overall shift of the bird community in favour of woodland species. At the scale of the census plot, however, the colonization by woody vegetation of patches formerly characterized by a homogeneous grass cover increased the local diversity of the vegetation, at least temporarily. Of seven species dependent on open habitats, the occurrence rate of five species significantly decreased, whereas it increased for two species: woodlark (Lulula arborea) and melodious warbler (Hippolais polyglotta). This increase was linked to the transitional increase in local vegetation diversity. In patches originally dominated by woodlands, local vegetation diversity decreased as woody vegetation expanded into clearings. The occurrence rate significantly increased for seven species relying on closed woodlands, while it decreased for two woodland species. As most species of high conservation profile in the Mediterranean are tied to open or to heterogeneous transitional habitats, these trends raise questions concerning their persistence in the future.


Drawing on the Affect Infusion Model (AIM) from cognitive psychology we develop a conceptual framework that explains how affect related to corporate ownership impacts the formation of socioemotional wealth perceptions among family firm owners reflected in altered subjective value perceptions for the ownership stake. We explore target, personal, and situational features in the subjective valuation process for the ownership stake and explain how these factors mediate the relationship between affect and socioemotional wealth perceptions. We further our understanding about the level of bias in family owners' subjective firm value assessments and offer new approaches for socioemotional wealth research. Acknowledgements We would like to thank Maw der Foo, Eric Gedajlovic, Paul Shrivastava, the participants of the Family Business Research Workshop at the John Molson School of Business Montreal, three anonymous reviewers of FBR just as Pramodita Sharma and Michael Carney for their valuable comments on earlier versions of this manuscript.


This paper explores the place of complementary therapies in an integrated model of refugee health care at Foundation House, a leading torture and trauma rehabilitation service in Melbourne, Australia. At Foundation House counselling and complementary therapies are practised collaboratively. The paper is based on two independent qualitative research projects: one project examined refugee women's experiences of complementary therapies and the second investigated counsellors' reasons for referral to complementary therapies. The rationale for combining the two research projects in this paper is to provide a comprehensive overview of this integrative model of health care that has not previously been documented. We formulate the areas of commonality in our findings under three 'modes of action': relationship, cultural familiarity and somatic presentations. Our combined findings extend current notions of holistic refugee health care to include culturally familiar health care practices in the form of complementary therapies. These therapies give primacy to caring for the complexity that is the 'refugee body': the amalgamation of physical pain with the complex social, political and cultural factors that define the refugee experience.


AIM
The aim of this combined study was to describe the location of each white matter pathways around the temporo-parieto-occipital junction (TPOJ) and the dissections performed using focal fiber dissection and fiber separation techniques (FST). These areas play an important role in human language processing and high-level brain functions. Thus, it is important to identify the association of the fascicles as well as their courses to plan safe and effective surgical target vectors.

MATERIAL AND METHODS
Thirty formalin-fixed human hemispheres and two formalin-fixed human heads were dissected with focal fiber dissection and FST under 6-40× magnification using a surgical microscope and real-time magnetic resonance imaging navigation system. Two- and three-dimensional anatomical and surgical pictures were obtained and processed using high dynamic range photography (Photomatix) and were correlated to radiological images of the case with glioblastoma of the TPOJ.

RESULTS
The trajectory and connectivity of these fibers as well as their surgical importance in performing FST in cadaver dissections were demonstrated with correlation of the surgical, radiological, and anatomical images.

CONCLUSION
The microanatomy of the TPOJ and related structures, emphasizing the position of each white matter pathway, has been described. Understanding the composition of each region is critical in preventing intraoperative brain injury that could lead to functional deficits.


The numerical simulation for the waverider shapes with multidirectional curvature (MDCWR) is studied. The analysis investigates both on-design Mach 4 and off-design conditions, including angles of attack from 0 to 10 deg and Mach numbers from 2 to 6.


A Dissertation Submitted to the University of Gezira in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Award of the Degree of Master of Science,in Population and Development and Reproductive HealthPopulation Studies Center,Faculty of Economics and Rural Development,January, 2014


In granular superconductors, individual grains can contain bound Cooper pairs while the system as a whole is strongly insulating. In such cases the conductivity is determined by electron hopping between localized states in individual grains. Here we examine a model of hopping conductivity in such an insulating granular superconductor, where disorder is assumed to be provided by random charges embedded in the insulating gaps between grains. We use computer simulations to calculate the single-electron and electron pair density of states at different values of the superconducting gap $\Delta$, and we identify "triptych" symmetries and scaling relations between them. At a particular critical value of $\Delta$, one can define an effective charge $\sqrt{2}e$ that characterizes the density of states and the hopping transport. We discuss the implications of our results for magnetoresistance and tunneling experiments.


The raw material is industry class chiosan. The reaction is carried on appropriate condition with respectively sulfuric acid and chlorosulfonic acid as sulfonating agent and it can get good water-soluble and high sulphur containing sulfated chitosan. The effects of dosage of sulfonating agent, reaction temperature and reaction time to sulfur content were discussed. The best technology was gained the molar ratio of sulfuric acid to chlorosulfonic acid was 1∶1,reaction temperature 5 ℃,reaction time 4 h. The results of infrared spectrometry showed that it possesses same structure as heparin does. It is a novel heparin-like material with great promise,and may be furtherly developed into novel heparin-like medicine.


Philosophical and Jurisprudential Underpinnings Nudity, Morality, and Pornography Feminism and Pornography Normal Sexuality Harm Principle Pornography in the U.S. Criminal Justice System Defining Pornography First Amendment Black Letter Laws Obscenity Explicit Depictions in World History Historical Influences on the Regulation of Obscenity U.S. History Black Letter Laws Miller Test Art Literature Politics Science Sexism, Racism, Culturalism, and Speciesism Pornography Production and the U.S. Criminal Justice System Obscenity Condoms Producers, Distributors, and Performers International Production and Distribution Children, Pornography, and the Law Societal Constructions of Childhood Sexuality Child Pornography: Black Letter Art and Other Material Approaching the Bright Line Retribution, SORNA Victims' Rights, Remedies, and Compensation Children Producing, Viewing, and Possessing Pornography: Black Letter Pornography and Viewers' Crime Fetishistic Masturbation, Pornography, and Crime Relationships Between Kinds of Pornography Depiction of Crime in Pornography Bondage and Sadomasochism Fisting Relationship Between Pornography and Trafficking Adult Pornography and Human Trafficking Child Pornography, Sex Trafficking, and Adult Human Trafficking Localized Child Sex Trafficking Commonalities and Comorbidities Within Child Pornography Child Pornographers Child Pornography and Molestation Child Pornography: Age, Race, and Gender Nonviolent Sex Crimes and Child Pornography Violent Crimes and Child Pornography Offenders as Victims Prosecution Monitoring Sting Operations Police Investigation: Obscenity Police Investigation: Child Pornography Mandatory Reporting and Protective Responses False Accusations Illegal Pornography, Cyberspace, and Technology The Dark Net Technology Regulating the Internet Physical "File Sharing" The Pornography Business and Crime Drugs Violence Tax Evasion Fraud Family Law and Pornography Domestic Violence and Pornography Child Custody and Pornography Consent to Search Public Pornography Public versus Private Distinctions Libraries Public Masturbation Sex Films and Theaters Live Performance Unintended Pornography Childhood Photos Public Photography of Nude People "Up-Skirt" Photos Hidden Cameras Revenge Porn Bestiality Bestiality: Obscenity, Per Se Bestiality: Obscenity Under Miller Bestiality as Cruelty and Abuse Crusher Laws Simulations Simulated Child Pornography Simulated Bestiality Simulated Violence "Scat" and "Piss" Films Simulated Depictions Possessed by Minors Fantasies and Free Speech Internet and Fantasies Conspiracy Punishments for Pornography Statutes of Limitations Federal Punishments for Obscenity Federal Punishments for Child Pornography State-Level Punishments for Obscenity Ranges for State Punishments for Child Pornography Inmate Codes Crooked Members of the Criminal Justice System Officers Judges, Prosecutors, and Public Defenders Child Welfare Political Leaders Evidence Evidentiary Standards Chain of Custody Child Testimony Pornography Addiction, Retribution, and Rehabilitation Incapacitation and Rehabilitation Jails Inpatient Programs Outpatient Programs Pedophilia International and Comparative Europe Latin America Africa Asia Canada and Australia The Future Sexting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Child Pornography: Online Viewing Georgia v. Stanley: A Brave New World Index


A novel conversion film containing cerium and molybdenum was synthesized on the rebar surface, and then the pitting sensitivity of the rebar was improved in a concrete environment containing chloride. This conversion film presented a two-layer structure, which involved CeMoOx as the outer layer and FeOx as the inner layer. The film with two-layer structure exhibited a strong corrosion resistance after being immersed in an alkaline environment (pH=12.5) added with 0.1 M NaCl, and the charge transfer resistance (Rt) could reach 5.88×106 Ω·cm2 after immersion for 1600 h, which was approximately 2.5 times the initial Rt value. Moreover, it was found that the film has a self-heal property when being damaged beyond the pitting potential. The anticorrosion mechanism of the film and its self-healing mechanism were discussed in depth in this study.


The German ATHLET thermal-hydraulic system code has been coupled with a two-dimensional module simulating the downcomer ofa pressurized water reactor. To be efficient, this coupling had to be implicit in time. The countercurrent two-phase flow of water and steam in the downcomer of a reactor pressure vessel was simulated using this combined code system. The implicit coupling procedure, as well as the results of a postcalculation of an experiment of the Upper Plenum Test Facility, are described.


Previous work on sediment budgets for U.S. agricultural regions has concluded that most sediment derived from accelerated erosion is still on the landscape, primarily in colluvial and alluvial deposits. Here we examine the role of small impoundments in the subcontinental sediment budget. A recent inventory based on a 30-m satellite imagery reveals approximately 2.6 million ponds, while extrapolation from a sample of 1:24,000 topographic quadrangles suggests the total may be as large as 8–9 million. These ponds capture an estimated 21% of the total drainage area of the conterminous U.S., representing 25% of total sheet and rill erosion. We estimate the total sedimentation in these small impoundments using three different methods; these estimates range from 0.43 to 1.78 10 m yr . Total sedimentation in ~43,000 reservoirs from the National Inventory of Dams is estimated at 1.67 10 m yr . Total USLE erosion in 1992 was 2.4 10 m yr , and export to coastal areas is estimated at 0.6 10 m yr . Total sedimentation in impoundments is large in relation to upland erosion, in apparent contradiction to previous studies that have identified colluvial and alluvial deposition as the primary sinks. Several alternative hypotheses that could help explain this result are proposed. Regardless of which of these alternatives may prove to be the most significant in any given setting, it is clear that most sedimentation is now taking place in subaqueous rather than subaerial environments, and that small impoundments are a major sediment sink. D 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.


The voltammetric behaviour of benzil in DMF and in aqueous solutions on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was investigated and the results were compared with the reported voltammetric behaviour of benzil on a mercury electrode. Benzil gives two reversible 1e reduction peaks on a glassy carbon electrode in DMF. The apparent charge transfer rate constant for the first 1e step is found to be 2.819 × 10–3 cm s–1 which is much slower than reported on a mercury electrode. In DMF media, a surface prewave corresponding to the reduction of the species resulting from the slow time-dependent surface protonation of benzil is observed. A small anodic wave in the positive potential region corresponding to the oxidation of a small concentration of the isomeric semidione intermediate is also observed. In the presence of o-cresol, further reduction of the anion radical occurs in between the two cathodic peaks owing to simultaneous protonation and reduction. Benzoic acid protonates benzil itself, which results in a direct 2e reduction in the prewave region. In the presence of both o-cresol and benzoic acid, the benzoin formed from 2e reduction gives rise to a further reduction peak at a more negative potential. The benzil anion radical–Li+ ion-pair also undergoes easier reduction than the free anion radical species.In aqueous media an irreversible 2e reduction peak corresponding to the reduction of benzil to benzoin is observed. In neutral and alkaline media further reduction of benzoin to hydrobenzoin is also observed. In alkaline conditions at high sweep rates, oxidation waves corresponding to the Z and E forms of stilbenediolate are observed.


Measurement is the most important method to understand and change the world.But the error is inevitable when measuring.In many occasions,the acceleration sensor is often used to measure the acceleration,velocity and displacement of the object.And the corresponding measurement error must be analyzed in order to obtain accurate measurements or to carry out amendment.In this paper,an method is put forward to analyze the measurement error when using the acceleration sensor and the charge amplifier,and the experiment is designed.The experimental results show that this method can accurately analyze the causes of errors and amend them.


The purposes of this research were 1) to study the characteristics of school administrators in Thai primary schools, 2) to develop the characteristics of the Brahmaviharadharma Principles for Thai school administrators, and 3) to propose a model of developing the characteristics of the Brahmaviharadharma Principles for Thai school administrators. Mixed methods research was designed, and the instrument used in the research was a questionnaire distributed to 390 administrators in primary schools, interview form by interviewing 24 key informants, and questions for focus group discussion with 17 experts. Qualitative data from in-depth interview and focus group discussion were analyzed by using content analysis whereas quantitative data were analyzed by using percentage, frequency, mean, standard deviation. Results showed that 1) the characteristics of the school administrators in Thai primary schools consisted of 4 aspects which were 1) knowledgeable and capable, 2) social maturity and generous, 3) accountability, and 4) good human relations in the overall level was very high. Considering to each aspect was also at a high level in all aspects. 2) The characteristics of the Brahmaviharadharma Principles for Thai school administrators was the operation in all 4 aspects of the school, which were (1) academic administration, (2) budget administration, (3) human resource management, and (4) general administration. The principle of Brahmaviharadham is a principle that must be kept in mind and supervised behavior that suitable for executives with 4 areas which are (1) compassion, (2) kindness, (3) happy when others are happy, and (4) neutral mind. 3) A model of developing the characteristics of the Brahmaviharadharma Principles for Thai school administrators was called C B S Model which consisted of 3 important points which were 1) Characteristics (C), characteristics of school administrators was the physical characteristics and expression of the behavior of the person who is a part of character which was shown to others for Thai primary school administrators in 4 aspects which composed of (1) have knowledge and ability, (2) have social maturity and generous, (3) accountability, and (4) good human relations. 2) Brahmaviharadhamma (B), it is a principle that must be kept in mind and supervised behavior and suitable for executives with 4 areas which consisted of (1) compassion, (2) kindness, (3) happy when others are happy, and (4) neutral mind. 3) School (S), School administration was the operation in all 4 aspects of the school, which were (1) academic administration, (2) budget administration, (3) human resource management, and (4) general administration.


Background. mental disorders, especially depression, are common problems among the elderly. Objectives. to determine the prevalence of symptoms of mental disorders, with emphasis on symptoms of depressive disorders, in patients aged 65 years and older. Material and methods. The study involved 93 patients (59 women, 34 men, median age 70). The Primary care evaluation of mental Disorders Patient health Questionnaire (Prime-mD PhQ) was used for the preliminary diagnosis of mental disorders. The Patient health Questionnaire (PhQ-9) was used to assess the severity of depressive symptoms. Results. symptoms of mental disorders were detected in 59 patients (63.4%). Thirty six (42.3%) patients reported symptoms of depressive syndrome, 13 (14%) – symptoms of anxiety, 3 (3.2%) declared alcohol overuse. sleep disorders were reported by 58 (62%) patients. in the group of patients who reported depressive syndrome the prevalence of somatic complaints was significantly higher. The positive correlation between the number and severity of somatic complaints and symptoms of depressive disorders was revealed. in this group sleep disorders and anxiety were also reported significantly more frequent. Among the 59 patients who presented with symptoms of mental disorders 18 (30.5%) were treated pharmacologically due to psychiatric reasons. in 18 patients (19.3%) screening revealed symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder. Conclusions. 1. in the studied group symptoms of sleep disorders and depressive disorders were the most frequent problems. 2. The severity of symptoms of depressive disorders correlated positively with the number and severity of somatic complaints. 3. only 1/3 of the patients presenting symptoms of mental disorders were treated with pharmacotherapy. 4. Depression screening should be carried out among the elderly who report somatic problems and sleep disorders.


The main object of this study is to systematically review existing research on energy efficiency of embedded systems in order to identify investigated aspects and needs for future research. We have conducted a systematic mapping study of the state-of-the-art on energy efficiency of embedded systems. 186 papers have been identified as primary studies from year 1994 to 2011 and classified by research focus, research type, and contribution type. 71% of the research papers are solutions proposals; power estimation is the most investigated aspect in terms of research focus (34%) and majority of the studies contributed in terms of methods.


Naringinase is widely used in food,medicine,and so on.In this study,the dissolved oxygen condition in Aspergillus niger DB056 fermentation was researched by singer factor experiment.The optimum fermentation condition for enzyme production was 35 mL medium in 250 mL flask,adding three glass beads(diameter 4 mm) and adding 1% n-hexane in medium.Under this condition,α-L-rhamnosidase activity and naringinase activity detected by high performance liquid chromatography method were 787.8 U/mL and 232.5 U/mL,respectively.


Eighteen profile samples and five surface samples of the soil at a coking plant site in the southwest of China were collected.Total cyanide,heavy metals,volatile organic compounds,total petroleum hydrocarbons,dioxin and so on were analyzed by GC-MS and other methods,and characteristic distribution of theirs in the soil of different functional areas were discussed.The results indicate that the areas around coke pushing line,coal tar recovery point,asphalt conveyor belt and outdoor yard of solid waste of this coking plant are more severely polluted.The concentration of phenanthrene,anthracene,4-methyl phenol,2,4-dimethyl phenol and toluene in the soil is no more than A-level standard value of soil quality assessment for exhibition sites.However,the number of the points over standard of testing total cyanide,mercury,naphthalene,fluoranthene,pyrene,benzo\ pyrene,carbazole,petroleum hydrocarbons is comparatively more.Dioxin in the three tested samples is all detected,but the high I-TEQ value of it is no more than the soil remediation intervention value of Dutch soil remediation circular 2009.


The formation of supramolecular complexes in water involves interactions of various types which are not always easy to identify, especially when complicated species are involved. A complete thermodynamic characterization of the binding process, which includes the enthalpies and entropies of complexation, is obviously one of the key elements in identifying the stabilizing factors and in understanding how the host and guest assemble. In order to thermodynamically characterize typical interactions of various types, we have thus undertaken a microcalorimetric study of the complexation of p-sulfonatocalixarenes with simple guests bearing different functional groups. Association constants, free energies, enthalpies and entropies for the complexation of the p-sulfonatocalix[4]arene with normal alcohols, alkylammonium, carboxylate and guanidinium ions in water, at pH 7.5 and 298.15 K, are reported. The properties for the binding of lysine and arginine, which bear similar functional groups, are also given. The comparison of the thermodynamic behaviour of these different guests allows the driving factors to be identified. This may constitute a starting point for the understanding of the recognition of more complicated guests.


Experiencing images with suitable music can greatly enrich the overall user experience. The proposed image analysis method treats an artwork image differently from a photograph image. Automatic image classification is performed using deep-learning based models. An illustrative analysis showcasing the ability of our deep-models to inherently learn and utilize perceptually relevant features when classifying artworks is also presented. The Mean Opinion Score (MOS) obtained from subjective assessments of the respective image and recommended music pairs supports the effectiveness of our approach.


To support their teams in crisis, organizations seek to leverage advances in information technology. These advances include automation support to the warfighting team (e.g. an electronic checklist for a flight crew), as well as collaboration support such as linking engaged combat troops to intelligence services. While automated support is rapidly developing, very little consideration has been given to enhancing the collaboration support for teams that face crisis. Here we suggest a preliminary set of IT system attributes to support collaboration for teams that face crisis. These attributes are based on two frameworks that have been developed to mitigate the effects of crisis. One is an organizational approach called the High Reliability Organization (HRO), the other, a team approach based on Crew Resource Management (CRM). Here we suggest attributes of an IT system to support teams that face crisis based on these two approaches.


Corynebacterium glutamicum has been widely used for the industrial production of amino acids and many value-added chemicals; however, it has not been exploited for the production of steroids. Using C. glutamicum as a cellular biocatalyst we have expressed the 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/isomerase MSMEG_5228 from Mycobacterium smegmatis to demonstrate that the resulting recombinant strain is able to oxidize in vivo C19 and C21 3-OH-steroids to their corresponding keto-derivatives. This new approach constitutes a proof of concept of a biotechnological process for producing value-added intermediates such as 4-pregnen-16α,17α-epoxy-16β-methyl-3,20-dione.