To determine the causes of abnormal vibration and noises of a large Francis turbine and cracking of the blades, vibration and noises of the turbine were measured and analyzed, the test modal analysis of the blades was conduced, and the dynamic characteristic of the blades under water was investigated with hydro structure coupling technology. It was found that the cause was that the natural frequencies of the blades are close to their Kamen excitation frequencies, resulting in resonance. Measures were taken to raise the Kamen excitation frequencies and reduce the excitation energy, which have been proved effective.


A ceramic honeycomb structure having large numbers of flow paths surrounded by porous partition walls, the partition walls have an average pore diameter of 55-70% porosity and 10 to 40 m, the recess area ratio CR [partition wall surface of irregularities minimum percentage of the projected area in square method to the average plane of the recessed portion than the average surface determined from] is 0.32 to 0.6, the concave portion average depth H concave [said recess with respect to the average surface depth of the mean value ceramic honeycomb structure] is characterized in that it is a 0.02~0.1 mm.


Currently the thermal losses of power electronic devices are increasing. At the same time, their sizes are decreasing. Consequently heat sinks have to dissipate very high heat flux densities. This paper presents the principles and characteristics of air cooling, liquid cooling, microchannel heat sink and heat pipes and intro- duces the latest research results.


The paper expounds the method of collecting sample sentences from the network in the information age,contrasts it with the traditional method of collecting sample sentences in compiling a dictionary,demonstrates the role of network as the corpus in compiling a dictionary,and analyses the advantages and disadvantages of the two search methods respectively.In view of the compilation of a dictionary,it also dissects the weak points of the cyber tool.


over the "roof of the world" Tibetan Plateau on the triggering of convection" by Jun-Ichi Yano (Referee) We would like to thank the referee for his comments on the manuscript. The following is a point-by-point reply to the comments. 1. Surface heat flux We assumed that the sensible heat flux H is invariant with the density (or elevation) in LES simulations and appendix A. Based on this premise, we discussed the effect of low air density over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) on the formation and development of cumuli. This hypothesis was based on our observational data analysis of the third Tibetan Plateau Experiment (TIPEX III). The analysis showed that for unstable stratification the buoyancy term increases with increasing elevation (see Fig.13 c, .Wang Y. J. et. al., J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 121, 9540-9560, doi: 10.1002/2016JD025401, 2016.). This implies that the surface heat flux basically does not vary with elevation in unstable stratification.


Summary form only given, as follows. A data-driven algorithm for partitioning many-class classification problems has been developed. The algorithm generates tree-structured hybrid networks with controller nets at tree branches and local expert nets at the leaves. The controller nets recursively partition the feature space according to a novel misclassification minimization rule designed to create groupings of the classes which simplify the classification task. Each local expert is trained only dn a subset of the training data corresponding to one of the partitions. The advantage of this approach is that the classification task that each local expert performs is greatly simplified. This simplification helps to avoid the curse of dimensionality and scaling problems by allowing the local expert nets to focus their search for structure in a small portion of the input space.<<ETX>>


With the Yuehu Lake on the Shandong Peninsula and the Boao Harbor on the Hainan Island as examples, the impacts are analyzed of human activities on the ecosystem, navigation, and flood control. For the Yuehu tidal inlet system, the artificial closure of the entrance and reclamation within the tidal basin caused variation of time-velocity asymmetric patterns, siltation in the entrance channel, and obstruction to water exchange, eventually resulting in the deterioration of the ecosystem and the loss of the marine aquaculture. For the Boao Harbour, the regulation of the navigation channels at the entrance is urgent. However, improper design of the regulation project may bring about great flood risk to coastal areas. A multidisciplinary method is required to solve water environment problems in the development of tidal inlet systems, including the protection and recovery of the ecosystem and the safety in coastal urbanization.


For $L/K$ a finite Galois extension of number fields, the relative P\'olya group $\Po(L/K)$ coincides with the group of strongly ambiguous ideal classes in $L/K$. In this paper, using a well known exact sequence related to $\Po(L/K)$, in the works of Brumer-Rosen and Zantema, we find short proofs for some classical results in the literatur. Then we define the ``Ostrowski quotient'' $\Ost(L/K)$ as the cokernel of the capitulation map into $\Po(L/K)$, and generalize some known results for $\Po(L/\mathbb{Q})$ to $\Ost(L/K)$.


Abstract The article provides information on the cultural life of the small town of Sobotka near Jičín and its surroundings during the National Revival. In its short introduction, it presents its main cultural activities from the 14th century while focusing on significant figures of the end of the 18th century and the first half of the 19th century: the burgher Raymund Šolc and the priests Antonín Marek, František Vetešník and Damián Šimůnek. It draws particular attention to their libraries and the spread of Czech books. It also mentions other important inhabitants of the town, such as the saleswoman Barbora Pavienská or the shoemaker Josef Novák.


The historiographic productions on the memories of the workers victims of the State terrorism of the 1970s in Argentina, have been very scarce. This article shows, in regional-local key (city of Ensenada, Buenos Aires province), the ways to elaborate absences of those who have constituted the highest percentage of disappeared and murdered in Argentina (2003-2015). Their representations are described and analyzed through territorial marks, warning that they function as tributes, commemorations and rituals, at the same time that they act as symbolic reparations for their relatives and close friends.


Referring to V. G. Korolenko's story The Blind Musician and a number of other works of Russian literature, this article considers the image of a human being with deviant sense organs and its communicative potential as a subject of literature. The article looks at the period when deviant sense organs started to be perceived as a feature of a disabled person and deviation as a disability, the reasons behind it, and how it influenced literature. Relying on these criteria, the author reconstructs the history of the depiction of people with deviant bodies in European culture between the 12th and 20th centuries. It is demonstrated that T. Shevchenko and I. Turgenev mainly focused on the social oppression of people under serfdom, and not on the problems of a person with disabilities. Such a tendency is characteristic of other works of the period. V. Korolenko's The Blind Musician was published during the years when the Patronage Committee


The paper adopts the theory of grey relation degree to evaluate the water stability of asphalt mixture. The results show that it can provide scientific basis for improvement of durability of asphalt pavement and for materials choice.


This chapter explores the interrelationships between the Greek Heracles and Phoenician Melqart in cult, myth, and iconography from the Iron Age to Roman period. It articulates these connections not as a simple one-to-one equation of Heracles and Melqart, but rather views the long-term syncretism of these god-heroes as representative of the shared ideologies and cultural mentalities that emerged from human interactions and endeavors around the Mediterranean world in the first millennium BC. As such, a major focus of this chapter is the equivocal statuses that Heracles and Melqart inhabit between mortality and immortality, a status of particular concern for Greek and Roman authors in their portrayal of Heracles, and reflected also in cultic practices surrounding these figures in terms of their death and apotheosis. This status held particular significance for Heracles' and Melqart's roles in human affairs as divinized royal ancestors and colonizers par excellence, roles arguably expressed through their bellicose and leonine iconography. Examining the intersections between Heracles and Melqart thus reveals a great deal about human enterprises in the Mediterranean from the Iron Age to the Roman period.


Objective To study the status of infectious diseases among entry-exit population at 'Erlianhaote port,and to provide scientific evidences for the disease surveillance and prevention.Methods The data of infectious diseases surveillance among entry-exit population at 'Erlianhaote port in 2011 were analyzed.Results In 2011,a total of 983 cases were found among 19 227 entry-exit population,the detection rate was 5.11%.In which,740 cases(3.85%) were HBsAg positive,122 cases(0.63%) were syphilis positive,52 cases(0.27%) were HCV-Ab positive,63 cases(0.33%) were active pulmonary tuberculosis,and 6 cases(0.03%) were HIV-Ab positive.The detection rate of HBsAg positive among labors was the highest,then was transport staffs.The detection rate of HCV-Ab positive among others was the highest,then was travellers.The detection rate of syphilis positive was the highest among traffic staffs,then was businessmen.The detection rate of active pulmonary tuberculosis was the highest among labors.6 cases of HIV-Ab positive were the laborers.Conclusion Among exit-enry personnel at 'Erlianhaote,the highest positive rate was HBsAg.Syphilis,tuberculosis detecfion rate is rising,Meanwhile,the number of HIV infection is rising too.The labor、 businessmen and transport staff are the focus of monitoring,It is important to enhance the health education and behavioral intervention of infectious diseases prevention in order to decrease the infectious chance internationally.


Globally, the low consumption of fruit and vegetables (FV) below the requirement is contributed to increase the incidence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) like obesity, cardio vascular disease, cancers and leading cause of death worldwide. Therefore, the objective of this review was to document existing information concerning the health benefits of FV consumption and their potential role for the prevention of NCDs in Ethiopia. Related and published researches have reviewed and discussed critically. In Ethiopia, the total domestic consumption of fresh FV was estimated at 760,000 metric tons however, low FV was consumed (1.5%) compared to other regions of the world. Ethiopia's per capita consumption of fresh fruits is approximately 7kg/person/year which is far below the recommended minimum level of dietary intake (146kg/person/year). The review also showed that the burden of NCDs in Ethiopia is increasing and estimated to account for 30% of total deaths. Despite the increasing burden of NCDs, health systems and public health policies have been mostly focused on controlling infectious diseases, under nutrition and micronutrient deficiencies. A comprehensive strategic action plan for the prevention and control of NCDs and its associated risk factors was also developed in the country but, there is a need for a better understanding of the burden of dietary risk factors and their contribution to NCDs to achieve the goals of the strategic plan effectively and efficiently. Moreover, this review identified that family income, lower paternal educational, poor nutritional knowledge and practice issues were associated to low FV consumption. However, there are no adequate data at national level in Ethiopia to identify barriers to low FV consumption. Fruit and vegetables intake need to be promoted through mass media, nutrition education intervention and multi-sectorial approaches to prevent noncommunicable diseases.


There is limited knowledge and low use of emergency contraception among students; yet incidents of unwanted pregnancies have been reported among in institutions of higher learning. The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge and use of emergency contraception among first-year female university students. This was a cross-sectional survey. The findings of this study indicated high awareness level, low level of knowledge and low utilization of emergency contraceptives by this group of students.


We report the numerical results on the structure and properties of model colloidal suspensions using the hypernetted-chain (HNC) integral equation due to Allnatt, which has been successfully, applied to asymmetrical electrolyte solutions. We use the primitive model and view our system as highly asymmetrical electrolyte; the colloidal spheres are much larger and more highly charged than the simple ions. The variation of static correlation functions, structure factors and properties, (e.g. excess energies, osmotic coefficients etc.), is reported as a function of size, charge and concentration of colloidal particle. The peak position and the peak height of correlation functions show systematic trends as the asymmetry (in size, charge) increases. The effective one-component potential of the colloid (Veff), calculated by mapping the multicomponent system to an effective one-component colloidal system, is purely repulsive in line with the DLVO potential (with substantial deviations) in most of the cases. However, in some cases (with high asymmetry in charge and size, and at high colloidal concentration), Veff becomes negative.


A Remarkable Hailstones observed in Georgia, 27. Aeanthodes, Restoration of, 30. Agricultural Society, Royal, 149, 677. Aitken, J., The Grit-rocks of the Eastern Border of North "Wales* 263. Allport, S., On the Basaltic Rocks of the Midland Counties, 139; Microscopical Examination of Backs aad Minerals, 431. Alluvial deposits of the Ganges and Irawadi, 379. Alpine flora of Great Britain, Geological relations of the, 229. • Geologists at Geneva, Congress of, 395, 444. Amazons, Glacial deposits of the valley of the, S40. American Journal of Science and Arts, 376. Andrews, E., On the Western Boulder Drift, 127. AnneEde, New Silurian, 77. Amphu»r Appendages of, 292. Australia, Mining notes from, 588. Australian Tertiary Corals, 131. Avauturine Quartz in Britain, 444, 535. Avon Valley, Superficial deposits of the, 89.


Currently, the area of environmental quality resonates in basically every study program. The environment in which we live, work and relax. The contribution deals with the implementation of non-standard areas in the education process. This is education in the field of physical factors, namely noise and its effects on humans. Noise is currently classified as one of the most complained-of and perceived by humans as being of a physical nature. The contribution submitted analyses the activity of musicians in musical production and, in particular, their noise load. Attention is also paid to the visualization of noise sources - musical instruments. It was a methodology proposed for implementing and evaluating the above-mentioned activities, which can also be used in the future for other types of music production where the noise load of musicians may be significantly higher. In the opinion of the authors, the teaching of acoustics in the Slovak Republic is insufficient. It is clear that it is not possible, nor is it currently appropriate, to prepare a narrowly specialized study program devoted solely to this subject. Rather, in the context of the new approach to the accreditation of study programs, efforts are being made in the SR to develop more broadly designed programs. For this reason, the Environmental Engineering Study Program was accredited at the Mechanical Engineering Faculty of the Technical University in Košice, which offers a relatively broad field of education in the areas of measurement, monitoring, objectification, prediction, design of measures, and technical solutions for products that burden the environment with various impacts.


Nucleic acid metabolism plays an important role in adaptation of organisms to environment. For adaptation to cold environment, organisms need to overcome the impediments in complex RNA secondary structures that are highly stabilized at low temperature affecting metabolism and growth of the organisms. Employing gene disruption through homologous recombination, we investigated the role of all major DEAD box RNA helicases (rhlE, srmB, csdA, dbpA and rhlB) in cold adapted growth of Pseudomonas syringae. Our findings concluded that srmB and dbpA genes are important for cold adapted growth, whereas csdA is indispensable for growth at low temperature. Helicase genes rhlB and rhlE have no appreciable role in cold adapted growth of Pseudomonas syringae. Functional complementation studies revealed that RNA helicases don't have any redundant functions, as the roles performed by different helicases are individual and specific.


Sexual selection theory predicts that sexually selected ornaments are costly to maintain and, as condition-dependent signals, are likely to vary in attractiveness with season and age. Mute swans Cygnus olor possess a black, fleshy knob at the base of the bill, which is present in both sexes. Using measures calculated from digital photographs taken over two years we monitored changes in the size of the bill knob in individual swans throughout the breeding season. Our longitudinal data show that bill knob size is highly dynamic. Relative bill knob size was larger in males than females and was consistently greater for breeding males than for non-breeders. For males, relative bill knob size peaked during cygnet hatching, when male protection of the brood is most important, and was smallest during moult. In females, breeders had larger bill knobs than non-breeders at all times apart from immediately after egg-laying and incubation, when the reverse was true, presumably reflecting the costs of reproduction. Body mass was a highly significant predictor of relative bill knob size in both sexes, as was age, with an initial increase and then later a decline in relative ornament size across the lifetime of male birds. The bill knob ornament in mute swans thus appears to be a condition-dependent, highly malleable trait. It accurately reflects the differing pressures experienced by individual birds as they progress through the breeding season, suggesting selection by both intra- and inter-sexual forces.


In Pakistan strawberry yield and cultivation area is significantly lower as compared the major strawberry growing countries. Defective agronomic practices cause reduction in yield and quality. This experiment was conducted by using non-chemical techniques including exogenous application of inorganic salts CaCl2 (3, 5 and 7 mM/L) and ZnSO4 (50, 100 and 150 mg/L) during growth stages (34 leaves stage and after fruit setting) and their effects on marketable yield and quality of strawberry were documented. The highest number of leaves (18.25), leaf area (47 cm) and crowns (7.50) were found with 7 mM/L CaCl2 as compared to control plants. Minimum numbers of days (27.7) for flower anthesis were recorded with 100 mg/L ZnSO4. Maximum marketable yield (348.5 g plant), firmness (0.96 kg. cm), total soluble solids (8.2 oBrix), TSS:TA ratio (7.62), vitamin C (55.69 mg 100 g), total phenolic contents (186.5 mg GAE 100 g) and higher total antioxidants (75.5% DPPH) were observed with 7 mM/L CaCl2 application. However, maximum superoxide dismutase activity (30.2 U mg protein) was examined with 100 mg/L ZnSO4 while peroxidase activity (1.05 U mg protein) decreased with this concentration. Overall, the response of 7 mM/L CaCl2 was highly effective for increasing marketable yield and quality.


Avocado propagation is commercialy realized by grafting of the desirable variety in seminal rootstocks. However, the literature is discordant about the occurrence of poliembriony and type of fruit of this specie. In function of this, as research had the objective to characterize the type of fruit, seed morphological aspects and the seedling nurse, besides to evaluate the number of embryos existent. The avocado fruit is a berry. The seeds are monoembryonics and exalbuminous. The germination is hipogeal and the emergene of the seedling occurred 33 days after sowing. The primary root is long and white and the secondary roots are short and filiforns.  The cotyledons are massive and pinkish. It was possible to observe the presence of multi-stem in avocado seed, originated from the collar. The seeds present multi-stems; the beginning of seedling emergence stabilization occurred in the eighth week, being unviable for propagation of this species to keep these seeds in the nursery for more time.


The sluggish kinetics of the hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) results in an ultra-high Pt loading on the anode of alkaline fuel cell (AFC) systems. The single-atom catalyst (SAC) can maximize...


A bridge structure is a mean by which a road, railway and many other services are carried over an obstacle such as a valley, river and other road or railway line, either with few number of supports at various locations or with no intermediate support. While finalization of any types of bridge; Economy, Strength, Safety are the basic key features that cannot be neglected in the construction of any bridge. However the Indian standards are basically derived from the British Standards only, but the basic concept behind that is same. Only the value of various parameters varies according to the design and fabrication/ erection practices which exist in India. In this paper a plate girder bridge is designed as per the Limit state method using the IS 800:2007, IRC: 24-2000, IRC: 6-2017 and analyzed with the help of STAAD.pro v8i software. Modeling and analysis of Deck Bridge was carried out by considering various live load conditions such as for Class A loading, 70R tracked and 70R wheeled vehicle. Design calculations are carried out for simply supported single span. Seismic and wind effects are not taken into account at the design stage. Based on the design and analysis results, conclusions are drawn to know the behavior of plate girder bridges for different load conditions. Results are presented in both graphically and tabular format.


After the initial trials of EClS for ARF in the United States in the early 1970s, the NIH sponsored a nine center prospective randomized study of venoarterial ECMO compared to conventional ventilator management (1). There were many problems with this study. Bleeding was excessive, ventilator settings were maintained at high levels, and no one center had very much preliminary experience. Only 10% of patients in the conventional ventilation group and the ECMO group ultimately survived. Despite the problems in study design, this was a very useful clinical research project. The study clearly demonstrated that the use of ECMO, as practiced by these centers in this group of patients, offered no survival advantage. It also demonstrated that the 90% fatality with conventional ventilation was much higher than any of the investigators would have guessed. Early fibrosis was identified as the cause of death in almost all of these patients (2), which had not been suspected previously. This was the first prospective randomized study of a life support technique in which the end point was death. Although there were many problems, much was learned about how to conduct such a study. The conclusion from this study was that better understanding of the mechanisms and treatment of acute respiratory failure was required, and better technology for extracorporeal support was required, before EClS could be re-evaluated for adult respiratory failure. Consequently the application of EClS for ARF stopped in North America in 1979. After the first successfull neonatal EClS case in 1975 (3), experience gradually grew for the next ten years, and EClS became standard treatment for severe neonatal respiratory failure which was unrespective to conventional management (4). The use of EClS for respiratory failure in pediatric cases also grew during this time, so that a large experience with EClS in neonatal and pediatric cases had been accumulated by the mid 1980s (5). Most of his experience was in the United States. In 1986 Gattinoni and Pesenti reported 50% survival


Objective To assess the influence of spiritual well-being in mental health of college students. Methods It was interviewed 464 medical and law students of Pelotas, Brazil. Data collection was carried out in groups in the school classroom, 43 absent students were not 441 Rev Saude Publica 2003;37(4):440-5 www.fsp.usp.br/rsp Espiritualidade e saude mental


Plaster maquette, overall view from front; The architect of the Opera, Charles Garnier, Carpeaux's friend from the Petite Ecole, suggested that Carpeaux should sculpt a group depicting the Dance of Bacchus for the main facade of the Opera "in the spirit of the Arc de Triomphe" (Carpeaux to his friend Dutouquet, 25 December 1863). After some experimentation, he decided upon the subject of The Dance (1866; Paris, Mus. d'Orsay; copy in situ at Opera, 1964). This is a small plaster maquette working out the final figure group. Source: Grove Art Online; http://www.oxfordartonline.com/ (accessed 7/17/2015)


Part 1 The sense of self - from saints to Quakers: prophecy, experience and the presentation of the self dreams and visions. Part 2 The culture of illumination: the translations of John Everard and Giles Randall - "Theologia Germanica", Sebastian Franck, Nicholas of Cusa and Benet of Cranfield the writings of Hendrik Niclaes and the family of love in the interregnum Jacob Boehme and the sects. Part 3 The theory and practice of radical religious language: "chambers of imagery" theories of divine signification from rhetoric to style. Conclusion.


Objective To investigate the mechanism of Chinese medicinal with actions of regulating blood lipid and unblocking vessels in regulating inflammatory cytokines in rabbits with atherosclerosis. Methods The rabbit model of atherosclerosis was established by using high fat diet and balloon injury method. The rabbits were randomly divided into normal group,model group,sham-operation group, atorvastatin group and Chinese medicinal group. The observations were carried out after treatment for 45 d and 90 d. The levels of serum C-reactive protein( CRP),transforming growth factor-β( TGF-β), interleukin-6( IL-6),IL-10 and IL-17 were detected by applying enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay( ELISA). Results At different time points,the levels of serum CRP,IL-6 and IL-17 increased significantly( P 0. 01) and TGF-β and IL-10 decreased significantly( P 0. 01) in model group compared with sham-operation group. In Chinese medicinal group,the levels of serum IL-6,CRP and IL-17 decreased significantly( P 0. 01) and TGF-β and IL-10 increased significantly( P 0. 01) compared with model group,but had no difference compared with atorvastatin group. Conclusion The intervention of Chinese medicinal with actions of regulating blood lipid and unblocking vessels can significantly relieve atherosclerosis. The mechanism may be related to that the Chinese medicinal can reduce the levels of IL-6,CRP and IL-17,recover the structure and function of damaged endothelial cells,and abate the intimal lipid deposition in arterial wall.


: Recent developments in global finance and the world economy have demonstrated some of the shortcomings in the widely-applied equilibrium-based modeling approach. In this paper, the global E3MG model (www.e3mgmodel.com) has been applied to assess the impacts of the crisis that began in 2008 with the so-called credit crunch. E3MG is a sectoral input-output model (including the banking sector), based on the system of national accounts. The model includes 20 global regions and uses annual time series data. E3MG s parameters are estimated using error-correction methodology, making it an almost unique tool in being able to assess short-term sectoral impacts, as well as long-term trends. Using E3MG, an analysis of the crisis and current (January, 2009) policy measures has been build up through a series of carefully-defined scenarios, simulating aspects of behavioral changes within the banking sector and in the wider global economy. The results help to explain the mechanisms through which the real economy has been impacted by the crisis and give an indication of the effectiveness of current policy. Finally, the paper considers the effects of policy measures designed to restore confidence in the global financial system that are coordinated at the global level, following the seven-point plan outlined in Barker (2009).


[Objective] To development a new method of ergonomic exposure assessment and examine its reliability.[Methods] Quick Exposure Check(QEC) was introduced and revised.Kendall's W,Kappa and inter-class correlation coefficient(ICC) were applied to examine the inter-rater and intra-rater reliability(test-retest).[Results] Chinese Quick Ergonomic Check(CQEC) was simple and applicable,which include 9 observation items and 8 self-report items.CQEC could be used to assess 5 parts of body.Among different raters,Kendall's W,ICC and Kappa were 0.532-0.800,0.340-0.799 and 0.5280.819 respectively.The results indicated that its inter-rater's reliability was high(P0.01).Test-retest in the same rater showed good reliability of Kendall's W,ICC,and Kappa values with 0.409-0.778,0.681-0.911,0.549-0.645 respectively.[Conclusion] CQEC is reliable and can be applied to occupational health practice in China.


Nutritional interventions can greatly reduce disease burden and mortality throughout the world. Physicians' lack of knowledge and practical skills limits the potential of this simple therapeutic tool. We are generating online instructional modules that give physicians the critical knowledge and skills for nutritional disease prevention and treatment of conditions known to respond to dietary measures.


DOI 10.4409/Am-018-10-0014 Abstract: Arc Hydro Groundwater is a geographic data model, and a set of associated tools for representing groundwater information within a geographic information system (GIS). This paper describes some of the basic data structures defined by the data model and demonstrates how these together with the tools support common GISbased workflows. Example workflows are the creation of water level and water quality maps from well and time series data, the development of 3D hydrogeologic models (including the generation of 3D features for representing fence diagrams and volume models) from borehole stratigraphy, and the creation of 2D cross sections from GIS features and from existing cross section images. We also present the MODFLOW data model, which is an extension to the groundwater data model specifically designed to support the integration of MODFLOW models into a GIS. The MODFLOW data model and associated tools support the integration of complete MODFLOW models into a spatial database (geodatabase), on top of which custom workflows can be developed. This capability is demonstrated by a well-permitting workflow developed to automate the process of editing a MODFLOW model, running scenarios, and creating maps that support approval/rejection of well applications.


The utility model relates to a fruit or vegetable artistic shaping ring cutting knife, which comprises a handle and a knife body, wherein, the knife body relates to a molding frame, the upper part and the lower part of which are communicated with each other, and the periphery of which is closed; the lower part of the knife body is provided with a blade; the upper part of the knife body is connected with the handle through a connecting rod; the connecting rod can be oppositely provided with two; the connecting rod is also provided with a position limiting block; at least one knife body can be connected between the connecting rod and the handle. The utility model provides a fruit or vegetable artistic shaping tool with the advantage of simple operation, which is particularly suitable for kindergartens, dinning rooms, catering industry, families, etc.


It plays a really important part to design excellent performance flowing parts in turbine design.Taking mixed flow turbine as an example,the basic design idea of key flowing parts are introduced briefly,and it is proved that to analyzed with CFD technology,the design aim can be realized quickly.And also,through the result from CFD analysis,we can enlarge our view and work out a new design method eventually.


This paper acquaints power flow control and power flow studies for a power system with flexible ac transmission system (FACTS) devices. The power system power flow control deals with the task of taking remedial measures against overloads and non linear loads in the system due to the occurrence of contingencies. For power flow studies, the modelings of FACTS devices are discussed. Several power flow programs are created to model the FACTS devices. The paper presents a reliable method to solve the nonlinear load flow equations by developing a Newton-Raphson method with UPFC. The particle swarm optimization technique (PSO) is on of the evolutionary optimization method which is used to reschedule the generation. Power flow study programming was accomplished by using MATLAB. PSO method is implemented along with UPFC device to reschedule the generators to maximize net savings. Convergence test studies have been performed on standard IEEE 30-bus network to show that the proposed method is effective and robust under various conditions like with and without UPFC FACTS devices.


Using a five-year panel of proprietary NYSE short sale order data, we investigate the sources of short sellers' informational advantage. Heavier shorting is found the week before negative earnings surprises, analyst downgrades, and downward revisions in analyst earnings forecasts. The biggest effects are associated with analyst downgrades. While earnings and analyst event days constitute only 12% of sample days, they account for over 24% of the overall underperformance of heavily shorted stocks. The results are robust to factor timing and indicate that short sellers are well-informed about upcoming earnings news and are able to anticipate analyst recommendation changes. Shorting predictability is still significant after controlling for information in analyst actions, suggesting that short sellers know more than analysts about firm fundamentals. Finally, we find no evidence of price manipulation by short sellers.


We present an algorithm for enumerating exactly the number of Hamiltonian chains on regular lattices in low dimensions. By definition, these are sets of k disjoint paths whose union visits each lattice vertex exactly once. The well-known Hamiltonian circuits and walks appear as the special cases k = 0 and k = 1, respectively. In two dimensions, we enumerate chains on L × L square lattices up to L = 12, walks up to L = 17 and circuits up to L = 20. Some results for three dimensions are also given. Using our data we extract several quantities of physical interest.


The invention discloses a preparation method of a magnesium glycinate chelate, which comprises the following steps of: (1) weighing and adding 75-200g glycine and 100-230g deionized water into a four-mouth reaction flask, sufficiently stirring and dissolving, (2) then adding 20-53g magnesium oxide, heating to 70-80 DEG C, stirring for reaction for 2-3h, opening vacuum, stirring at 70-80 DEG C for concentration for 2-3h, (3) after concentration, when lowering the temperature to 45-50 DEG C, adding 90-250g alcohol, stirring to cool to the room temperature, and (4) finally, performing suction filtration with a Buchner funnel, and vacuum drying at 40 DEG C for 2h, and obtaining 170g magnesium glycinate. Compared with the prior art, the preparation method of the magnesium glycinate chelate is simple in synthetic route, a technology is safe and reliable, the reaction time is short, a yield is high, the product quality is good, reaction alcohol can be recycled repeatedly, and no pollutant is generated.


Most of the brick masonry chimneys located in earthquake-prone areas were built long before the current design codes were adopted, which poses a great threat to the sustainable operation and development of the city industry as a whole. This article presents a consistent example of assessing the deficit of earthquake resistance of a brick masonry chimney and gives general conclusions about changes in main coefficients of designed codes. This study aims to quantify the deficit of earthquake resistance of brick masonry chimney according to the relevant Building Codes "SP 14.13330.2018 Construction in seismic areas".


Relevance: This study is conducted to look into the investor rationality by examining the pattern of saving and investment in the city of Jammu situated in Jammu and Kashmir, India.

Research Objective: The objective of this study is to see the association of saving and income; reasons for saving; and preferences of investors for different investment instruments through administering the structured questionnaire.

Methodology: Respondents are conveniently selected based on judgment. One -Way ANOVA, ANCOVA, and MANOVA are used to identify and understand the patterns of saving and investment and underlying triggers for the same.

Findings: A relationship between saving and income is found, after controlling for the effects of variables, namely, age, gender, and occupation. Likewise, the impact of gender on financial literacy and awareness is found. This study also finds that people prefer safe and liquid investments with tax benefits, higher returns, and fewer lock-in-periods.

Implications: The outcome will help financial consultants and investment managers to know more about the psyche and the level of financial literacy of people, and thus to help them in their objective of garnering funds and invest at a significant level and, finally helping in the capital formation.


This note contains a suggestion to the text of the Ciris. The author proposes a new way of completing the lacuna in line 47 and discusses other possible issues in this verse.


Background: Europe continues to be the global epicentre of COVID-19 virus. This study focuses on the epidemiology of COVID-19 in Europe and investigates the public health response in severely-hit European countries.

Methods: European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker and Health System Response Monitor were referred to extract data. The relationship between stringency index and COVID-19 cases, and between speed of stringency implementation and growth of cases was examined using linear regression.

Findings: The case-fatality ratio (CFR) of Europe (2.34%) was almost equal to the global CFR (2.2%), and higher than CFR observed in South-East Asia (1.53%). United Kingdom, Russia, France, Italy, Spain, and Germany together, accounted for 61.14% of cases and 65.61% of deaths in Europe. Significant relationship was observed between growth of COVID-19 cases and late substantive stringency imposed by countries. Population aged 65 and above (r=0.897, p<0.01) and male population (r=0.862, p<0.01) were significantly and positively correlated with COVID-19 deaths. The public health system of even the big European countries encountered roadblocks, such as shortages of healthcare resources and deferral of non-COVID-19 treatments.

Interpretation: A third wave along with sluggish vaccine rollouts, concerns over AstraZeneca's COVID-19 vaccine and spread of new variants in Europe has necessitated a reinforcement of infection prevention practices and responsible behaviour as a part of "the new normal".

Funding Statement: This study is non-funded.

Declaration of Interests: No conflict of interest has been declared by the author(s).


Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is known to solvate with difficulty anions including the electron and hence the addition of DMSO to a medium increases the anionic reaction rates. An attempt was made to study this effect in mixtures of H$sub 2$O--DMSO for specific reactions of the solvated electron using the pulse radiolysis technique. To begin with we chose different solutes among those known as good scavengers of electrons, neutral ones, N$sub 2$O, and positive and negative ionic ones (NO$sub 3$$sup -$ and H$sup +$). The experiments were carried out with a Febetron delivering 10-nsec pulses of 1.8-MeV electrons. The rate of disappearance of the solvated electron formed by the pulse was measured by direct observation of the decay absorption at 870 or 600 nm. The ultrapure products were used as supplied except for DMSO which was distilled before use. (auth)


Hydration rind thicknesses found on obsidian artifacts provide one means of estimating the age of an archaeological site. The model used in the method usually assumes a diffusion-controlled reaction of the glass with water. However, results using this model are not always in agreement with other dating methods. Observations of secondary mineral formation on glasses in contact with water vapor suggests that other rate-controlling mechanisms may be operative. In this paper, we apply the glass dissolution code GLASSOL, coupled with the geochemical code PHREEQE to model the reaction of Glass Mountain obsidian in water. The results show the importance of accounting for the effects of solution chemistry on the time-dependence of the hydration reaction.


The purpose of this study is to improve students' cognitive learning outcomes through the use of Project Based Learning. The study was conducted using Quasy Experimental research. The technique or data collection used in this study is a pretest, and posttest, In sampling using purposive sampling. The data analysis techniques used in this study are the normality test using the Shapiro-Wilk test, the t-test hypothesis testing using the Mann-Whitney test, and the N-gain test. The results in this study show that the application of the Project Based Learning learning model can improve the cognitive learning outcomes of students with an average post-test value of the experimental class of 0.76 greater than the control class with an average post-test value of 0.39. The hypothesis test results obtained a Significance value < a probability value of 0.00 < 0.05. The conclusion in this study is that the application of the Project Based Learning learning model can improve the cognitive learning outcomes of students.


The H13 steel die was repaired by current aided friction stir spot welding with different process parameters,and the microstructure,mechanical properties and wear resistance were tested and analyzed.The results showed that the mechanical properties and wear resistance of the repaired die could first increase and then decrease with the increase of rotation speed,welding current and welding time,respectively.Compared with the new die,tensile strength and elongation of the repaired die could increase by 27 MPa and 2.1%,respectively,and wear resistance could decrease by 37.9%.


In this paper, we propose a method to apply the attack surface expansion through decoy traps to a protected server network. The network consists of a large number of decoys and protected servers. In the network, each protected server dynamically mutates its IP address and port numbers based on Hidden Tunnel Networking that is a network-based moving target defense scheme. The moving target defense is a new approach to cyber security and continuously changes system's attack surface to prevent attacks. And, the attack surface expansion is an approach that uses decoys and decoy groups to protect attacks. The proposed method modifies the NAT table of the protected server with a custom chain and a RETURN target in order to make attackers waste all their time and effort in the decoy traps. We theoretically analyze the attacker success rate for the protected server network before and after applying the proposed method. The proposed method is expected to significantly reduce the probability that a protected server will be identified and compromised by attackers.


Background Radiotherapy treatment is a mainstay of cancer treatments including for thoracic malignancies such as lung or breast cancer. Cardiac toxicity is a recognised long-term complication of thoracic radiotherapy which persists despite improvements in therapeutic modalities. The mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets that could provide cardiac protection in the context of radiation therapy remain incompletely understood. Here we investigated early and late cardiac toxicity following irradiation using the A/J mouse model to identify potential molecular drivers. Methods Single doses of irradiation of either 13 or 15 Gy were delivered to female A/J mice aged 6 – 8 weeks using a SmART-PLAN system. ECG traces and analysis were performed on anaesthetised mice. Cardiac tissue was harvested up to 32 weeks following irradiation for histological analysis and second-harmonic imaging microscopy. Results Cardiac RT resulted in cardiac conductivity abnormalities including prolonged QTc interval. Additionally, an increase in pericardial and perivascular fibrosis was noted with a marked increase in pericardial fibrosis at 15 Gy compared to 13 Gy. Persistent DNA damage response was identified in cardiomyocytes at 7 days post irradiation and polarisation of cardiac-infiltrating macrophages towards a CD206+ M2-like phenotype at the same timepoint. Conclusions Our data introduce the A/J mouse as a novel model for the study of physiologically relevant early and late cardiac toxicities following irradiation. Early events that could contribute to long term toxicities include persistent DNA damage response and repolarisation of macrophages, further investigation of which could identify potential future cardioprotective therapeutic strategies.


This study examines how the local economy's structure affects the rewards individuals receive for their employment. Three models of the local economy-the dominance, export, and employment concentration models-are compared, contrasted and evaluated to see which, if any, of the models is a better specification of the rewards allocation and determination process. Results from the analyses suggest that the employment concentration model is a slightly better specification of the rewards allocation process than the export or dominance models


The purpose of this research was to find out critical project competences. Data were collected from two cases by means of interviews and questionnaires. The research approach was exploratory and based on case research and analytical modelling. Competences are critical success factors for projects. This study argues that the traditional project management competences, even though they are perceived as being critical, are not in themselves sufficient. A shared understanding of the project as a whole and knowing and understanding the goals are critical. Communication between the members is also critical. Communication involves, besides the actual project team, the entire network the project is part of. The competences required are more or less combinations of various competences, i.e. collective competences.


The issue of underreporting of construction related injuries and illnesses to government agencies and common interest groups has developed into a plague. The aim of this paper is to draw attention to this problem and offer recommendations for construction researchers. How do we know if interventions are effective if we use insensitive and unreliable measurements as dependent variables? How do we know what works, what does not, and what is most effective at reducing risk and enhancing safety? How can we compare across countries, companies, or trades? Descriptive and intervention research requires both valid and reliable measurements. Construction safety and health research, like all occupational safety and health research, relies heavily on lagging indicators such as injury and illness rates as dependent variables and descriptors. For quite some time, the validity and reliability of injury and illness statistics has been called into question. Poorly developed and managed incentive programs and the desire to look good have caused injury and illness rates to plummet, whereas fatality rates have not experienced the same reduction. However, the effect of this phenomenon on researchers has not been given sufficient attention. Through a review of literature and research methodology guidance we evaluate the use of lagging indicators as dependent variables in construction safety and health research. The practical implications will provide for a debate amongst conference participants and readers. The social implications are wide as we will reveal the professional and ethical implications for practitioners and researchers.


Aiming at the reliability of real-time industrial Ethernet, the L2 Industrial Ethernet switch is designed using VSC7429. With the respect of real-time capacity, it is based on the IEEE1588 standard by adding logic modules between MAC £ ̈Medium Access Control£© layer and PHY £ ̈physical£© layer to process the clock stamp. It eliminates the delay and uncertainty of the protocol stack and provides the accurate synchronous clock. In terms of reliability, dual hot backup power supplies were applied. Owing to the harsh environment of the industrial field, the EMC (Electro Magnetic Compatibility) protection design was considered. The performance of the switch was tested including packet loss rate and bit error rate. Experimental results showed it met the requirement of industrial Ethernet standard.


Localized agri-food systems (lafs) are of particular interest in terms of the need to address the complex problems encompassed by the overall framework of local and territorial development in rural areas. In this regard, generation of capabilities by local companies within the sector and academia represent an option in terms of innovation, productivity and competitiveness. The objective of this research was to carry out an exploratory case study on lafs, the local company and the generation of endogenous capabilities (technological and organizational). The case chosen was Biofábrica Siglo xxi, a producer of agricultural input products (biofertilizers and compost) needed to optimize agricultural productivity within lafs. The main conclusions reflect a positive relationship between the local firm, endogenous capabilities and lafs where such innovations can be used.


A large set of computer codes and associated data libraries have been developed by nuclear research and industry over the past half century. A large number of them are in the public domain and can be obtained under agreed conditions from different Information Centres. The areas covered comprise: basic nuclear data and models, reactor spectra and cell calculations, static and dynamic reactor analysis, criticality, radiation shielding, dosimetry and material damage, fuel behaviour, safety and hazard analysis, heat conduction and fluid flow in reactor systems, spent fuel and waste management (handling, transportation, and storage), economics of fuel cycles, impact on the environment of nuclear activities etc. These codes and models have been developed mostly for critical systems used for research or power generation and other technological applications. Many of them have not been designed for accelerator driven systems (ADS), but with competent use, they can be used for studying such systems or can form the basis for adapting existing methods to the specific needs of ADS's. The present paper describes the types of methods, codes and associated data available and their role in the applications. It provides Web addresses for facilitating searches for such tools. Some indications are given on the effect of non appropriate or 'blind' use of existing tools to ADS. Reference is made to available experimental data that can be used for validating the methods use. Finally, some international activities linked to the different computational aspects are described briefly.


We propose a potentially practical scheme for creating macroscopic entangled coherent state between two separate nitrogen-vacancy center spin ensembles placed near a superconducting flux qubit. Through the collective magnetic coupling and the in situ tunability of the flux qubit, the arbitrary entangled coherent states of spin ensembles can be achieved with high success possibilities under the influence from decoherence of the flux qubit and spin ensembles. The experimental feasibility and challenge are justified using currently available technology.


The unified modeling language(UML) is a visual object oriented(OO) modeling language.It is mainly used for describing software system and constructing software systematic architecture.The course modeling MIS system resorting to UML includes the following steps:first,user′s requirement is analyzed and systematic user viewer,sequence viewer,class viewer,package viewer are built.Second,programs are written according to the thought of software engineering.Through this course,UML can provide an abundant,strict and extensible expressing way on the development of OO system and the automation of software production and construct of supporting environment.


This study aims to explain: 1) the tradition history of the timbung war in sasak tribe,2) the acculturation of the timbung war tradition in the Pejanggik village community of Central Lombok, 3) the values contained in the timbung war tradition. Timbung war was carried out to reject reinforcements, and as a form of expression of gratitude to Allah SWT when viewed from its implementation, the timbung war has a lot of history, symbolism, and values. In this tradition celebration is developed by the community, and in its implementation contains social aspects, and acculturation. The acculturation that occurs in the timbung war tradition is a mixture that occurs between Islam and local cultural traditions that have existed for a long time and are preserved by the Pejanggik village community. The research method used is descriptive qualitative, this method aims to produce a descriptive data in the form of, writings, documents. In this study, it was found that the acculturation contained in timbung war is a mixture that occurs between Islam and traditions that have existed since long ago which are preserved by the Pejanggik Village community as one of the cultures and media to stay in touch with each other. In addition, some of the social values that included in acculturation are: 1) Respect, 2) Open-mindedness, 3) Empathy, 4) Communication, 5) Flexibility, 6) Collaboration, 7) Tolerance, 8) Cultural Awareness, and 9) Integration.


In view of the fact that conventional crosslinking acid couldn't be used in high-temperature reservoir,a novel organic-zirconium crosslinking acid system with high temperature resistance,has been developed. The organic-zirconium crosslinker JLJ-11 prepared in laboratory and thickener FS3802 were employed as the main agents,and their dosage was optimized. The high temperature resistance,shear resistance,filtration property,corrosion inhibition property,sand carrying capability and gel breaking performance on this system were evaluated. The results show that the acid system has good viscosity-temperature characteristics. The shear viscosity of this acid system remains above 50 mPa·s,under the shear rate of 170 s- 1,at the temperature of 150 ℃ and shear time 1 h. After added 0.2% ammonium persulfate and kept under 95 ℃ for 2 h,the acid system can break completely and viscosity dropped to2. 15 mPa·s. Similarly,the acid system possesses low filtration,prominent corrosion inhibition and great sand carrying capability. This suggests that the novel crosslinking acid can be applied to stimulation in the high-temperature reservoir.


During the last few months, several full size prototype dipole magnets for the Fermilab Energy Doubler were successfully tested. This was the result of several concurrent programs in conductor development as well as magnet construction, production, and testing. The present magnets have achieved their design goal. Progress to this point has solved many pitfalls. A description is given of the present technology as well as some of the decisions that led to the present design.


SUMMARYPerennial teosinte was found to be a modified autotetraploid with a reduced chiasma frequency and an extension of chiasma interference across the centromere. This apparently simple modification has reduced quadrivalent frequency and has restricted quadrivalent types to rings and chains. Meiosis is nearly always regular and 93% of perennial teosinte seedlings were euploid. It is considered that since chromosome stability may be so easily attained, autotetraploids may be an important source of evolutionary variation.Most maize quadrivalents are complex types, where the terms alternate and adjacent segregation cannot be applied. It is argued that genetic disjunction from quadrivalents should be considered to be at random since no conclusive evidence to the contrary is available. In the hybrid between 4 n maize and perennial teosinte, random disjunction of chromosome 6 quadrivalents satisfactorily accounts for the observed frequency of y individuals in the backcross progeny.


We study asymmetric two-component mixtures of hard-core bosons in one dimension by carrying out quantum Monte Carlo calculations. We have found that the background bosons have different roles in suppressing superfluidity depending on the degree of asymmetry and the interspecies interactions. For weak asymmetry, the superfluid stiffness is solely governed by the density of bosons with a renormalized chemical potential, whereas in the other limit with heavy background bosons, localization effects due to the interspecies interactions appear. Particularly, strong asymmetry in hopping amplitudes induces a solid phase transition at commensurate filling.


Thin Films of thicknesses less than 1000 Å have been deposited in a vacuum of 5 ×10-5 Torr by the very fast evaporation (∼50 Å/s) of the ternary Se10Sb10Te80 bulk alloy pieces onto cleaned glass plates which were held at room temperature vertically above the evaporation source (at a distance of 25 cm). From the energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) patterns of the films, the presence of Te, Sb and Se has been confirmed and the semi-quantitative content of the constituent elements in the alloy films has been determined. Film specimens for transmission electron microscopy have been detached from these glass substrates by dippping the latter in very dilute HF solution. These film specimens have been examined in an electron microscope. Electron diffraction patterns reveal that the films are not amorphous but are polycrystalline in most of the regions, but also single crystalline in some regions which have a darker contrast in bright field transmission electron micrographs. Analysis of the single crystalline (spot) patterns obtained reveals that the single crystalline microcrystallites in different regions are oriented differently. The orientations of these microcrystallites have been determined.


Three types of geotomography were developed and applied to an investigation of the rock foundation of a bridae oier. The new techniques made it possible to reconstruct seismic wave velocity, electromagnetic wave velocity and resistivity. The reconstructed results confirmed the existence of a fracture zone that had been supposed to be there. In addition, an analysis of the distribution of values of the three physical properties was used to map the fracture zone. The shallow ground used for civil engineering projects usually shows a complex structure. Geotomography is one potentially effective site investigation technique. The combined used of a number of different geotomography investigation methods can be effective for determining ground physical properties in greater detail. Improvement of technology for analysis of different types of geotomography is anticipated.


Using a network-based telemetry system places additional requirements on the Radio Frequency (RF) link. Limitations imposed by this link must be considered in advance when designing a network-based telemetry system.


Preservation of organic matter (OM) in sediments has been and still is a major topic of research in earth sciences because it significantly affects the global biogeochemical cycles and because it is of prime importance for the formation of fossil fuels. Both the influence of oxygen on OM preservation as well as the actual mechanisms of preservation (e.g. condensation, selective preservation, sorptive preservation, natural sulphurisation) have been studied and debated in the last decade. The reaction of reduced inorganic sulphur species with OM during the early stages of diagenesis is an important mechanisms to transform labile low-molecular-weight OM into an insoluble form (i.e. kerogen), especially in the marine realm. The developments in this area over the last decade will be discussed. Studies of immature kerogens over the last years have demonstrated that they can contain high levels of organic sulphur, which may reach almost 20 wt.% and occur much more widespread than previously assumed. Kerogens with an atomic Sorg./C ratio of >0.04 have been designated as special kerogen types (Orr, 1986) and occur as Type I-S, Type II-S as well as Type III-S, depending on their atomic H/C and O/ C ratios. Recognition of these kerogen types is very important from a petroleum geochemistry point of view since they will generate petroleum at a significantly lower thermal stress than corresponding sulphur-poor kerogen types, due to the presence of relatively weak S-S and C-S bonds. The relatively early loss of sulphur from these kerogens during maturation may have caused the underestimation of the occurrence of sulphur-rich kerogens. How are sulphur-rich kerogens formed? It has been well established that the sulphur in sulphur-rich kerogens is predominantly of diagenetic and not of biogenic origin. In anoxic sediments reduced inorganic sulphur species are formed by sulphate reducing bacteria and, depending on the availability of iron species, this sulphur is capable of reaction with functionalised groups in OM. This reaction may occur in an intramolecular fashion, leading to formation of low-molecular-we ight sulphur compounds, or in an intermolecular fashion, generating sulphur-rich macromolecular aggregates including kerogen. The timing of this reaction has been studied mainly by the formation of lowmolecular-weight sulphur compounds, which are relatively easy to analyse. This reaction is almost completed within the upper 10 m of the sediment. A recent study of the sediments of the Cariaco Basin, where it was possible to monitor this reaction by both the increase in concentration of a tricyclic triterpenoid sulphide and the decrease in the concentration of its precursor indicated that the reaction was completed within 10 ka (Werne and Sinninghe


Data Science is a growing field of interest in the current era where all industries are focusing on using "data" to improve their
services. With the establishment of data warehouses and high bandwidth storing "big-data" has become a convenient task for companies. The advancement of technology allows us to exploit and use data in several ways that gives us opportunities to expand the scope
of work carried out. In my research I focused on identifying ways in waste management can be improved in the Colombo District
using data collected through a questionnaire on "Waste Management" where the main aim of the study was to find the perception of
youth towards waste management. A total of 165 (n = 165, males = 69, females = 96) participants were part of this online survey with
nearly 82% in between the ages of 18-24. Majority of the respondents indicated that they have limited knowledge on waste management practices followed in the country and nearly 42% of the respondents indicated that they are not satisfied with the waste collection in the region. Based on the observations identified through the baseline survey a theoretical framework was adapted which
evaluated all the responses and identified specific areas that needs to be addressed to implement an effective waste management
policy in Colombo


Title: Case Management and Clinical Outcomes of People Living with HIV and Admitted to a State-aided District Hospital in Durban, South Africa in 2007. Introduction: A proportion of the many patients who have advanced AIDS in South Africa present for the first time requiring admission to hospital, the number of which are limited by the availability of beds. Novel ways were developed to offer subacute inpatient care at Siyaphila, a facility linked to McCord Hospital in Durban to provide expedited or immediate antiretroviral therapy (ART) (exposed) for patients with advanced disease before their discharge (ART group) . Different components of palliative care were offered for those who did not enter the inpatient ART programme or who were terminally ill (non-ART group) (non-exposed) . Aim: The aim of the study is to describe the clinical condition, inpatient case management and outcomes before discharge of people living with HIV admitted to Siyaphila in order to assist in developing appropriate protocols for inpatient care. Methods: This was an observational, analytic, cohort study using a convenience sample of all patients consecutively admitted to Siyaphila during nine months in 2006/2007. Prevalence of AIDS defining conditions at Siyaphila, time taken to progress from one stage of care to another and outcomes for the two groups before discharge were determined. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed on the ART group to identify risk factors for mortality before discharge. A comparison between the ART and non-ART group was also undertaken. Results: Among the cohort of 405 PLHIV enrolled at Siyaphila during the study period only 171 (42%) were initiated on ART immediately. In all patients, tuberculosis (251; 62%) was the most common opportunistic infection followed by cryptococcal meningitis (68; 17%) and Pneumocystis pneumonia (28; 7%). The mean baseline CD4 cell count was 84 celis/uL for the non-ART group and 55 celis/uL for the ART group. (p <0.01) The median time from initial admission until discharge was 13 days in the non-ART group and 18 days in the ART group. The mortality before discharge among the non-ART group was 24% compared to 6% among the ART group. (p =0.001). The median number of days before ART was initiated was 14 days. Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome was diagnosed in seven patients (4%) among the admissions but caused no deaths. In the multivariate analysis, the odds ratio for mortality for patients under 40 years was 0.1 (95% Confidence Interval : 0.01 0.9). Conclusions: Subacute care offered at Siyaphila provides an entry point into the ART programme for non-ambulatory patients who in the KwaZulu-Natal context have low ART uptake after discharge. The findings of this study should be adopted as the best clinical practice for PLHIV and AIDS admitted in the late stages of the disease. 0Nords 423) Title: Case Management and Clinical Outcomes of People Living with HIV and Admitted to a State-aided District Hospital in Durban, South Africa in 2007. Introduction: A proportion of the many patients who have advanced AIDS in South Africa present for the first time requiring admission to hospital , the number of which are limited by the availability of beds. Novel ways were developed to offer subacute inpatient care at Siyaphila, a facility linked to McCord Hospital in Durban to provide expedited or immediate antiretroviral therapy (ART) (exposed) for patients with advanced disease before their discharge (ART group) . Different components of palliative care were offered for those who did not enter the inpatient ART programme or who were terminally ill (non-ART group) (non-exposed). Aim: The aim of the study is to describe the clinical condition , inpatient case management and outcomes before discharge of people living with HIV admitted to Siyaphila in order to assist in developing appropriate protocols for inpatient care. Methods: This was an observational , analytic, cohort study using a convenience sample of all patients consecutively admitted to Siyaphila during nine months in 2006/2007. Prevalence of AIDS defining conditions at Siyaphila , time taken to progress from one stage of care to another and outcomes for the two groups before discharge were


Objective To evaluate the differential diagnostic value of iodine content based spectral CT for renal angiomyolipoma(AML)with minimal fat and clear cell renal cell carcinoma(CCRCC).Methods Twenty-seven patients with small solid renal masses,including 20cases of CCRCC and 7cases of renal AML with minimal fat confirmed with pathology were scanned with spectral CT.The diameter of each tumor was not more than 3cm.All patients underwent three-phase enhance spectral CT imaging using GE Discovery CT750 HD,the iodine-based material decomposition images were reconstructed with gemstone imaging Viewer,and absolute and normalized iodine concentrations for renal lesions were obtained. All results were analyzed statistically with independent-samples t test.The diagnostic performances were evaluated using ROC analysis.Results Normalized iodine concentrations of CCRCC were higher than that of renal AML with minimal fat in all three phases(P0.05).According to ROC,area under curve of normalized iodine concentration was 0.779,0.943 and 0.900in the cortex phase,corticomedullary phase and equilibrium phase,respectively.Taking normalized iodine concentration 42.98(100μg/cm3),68.01(100μg/cm3)and 72.09(100μg/cm3)as threshold values of the cortex phase, corticomedullary phase and equilibrium phase,the sensitivity and specificity was 55.0% and 100%,85.0% and 100%, 75.0%and 85.7%,respectively.Conclusion Taking normalized iodine concentration 68.01(100μg/cm3)as threshold value in the corticomedullary phase can help to differential diagnosis of CCRCC and renal AML with minimal fat.


Engineering morphology and size of CeO2‐based nanostructures on a (sub)nanometer scale will greatly influence their performance; this is because of their high oxygen storage capacity and unique redox properties, which allow faster switching of the oxidation state between Ce4+ and Ce3+. Although tremendous research has been carried out on the shape‐controlled synthesis of CeO2, the characterization of these nanostructures at the atomic scale remains a major challenge and the origin of debate. The rapid developments of aberration‐corrected transmission electron microscopy (AC‐TEM) have pushed the resolution below 1 Å, both in TEM and in scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) mode. At present, not only morphology and structure, but also composition and electronic structure can be analyzed at an atomic scale, even in 3D. This review summarizes recent significant achievements using TEM/STEM and associated spectroscopic techniques to study CeO2‐based nanostructures and related catalytic phenomena. Recent results have shed light on the understanding of the different mechanisms. The potential and limitations, including future needs of various techniques, are discussed with recommendations to facilitate further developments of new and highly efficient CeO2‐based nanostructures.


In an effort to gain strategic advantage in the global market, to improve Manufacturing Productivity and reduce Organizational Inefficiencies Manufacturing Organizations have embraced Collaborative Manufacturing Execution Systems (MES/C-MES). Collaborative MES is a critical factor in proper functioning of the Ecosystem comprising of the Manufacturer's Supply Chain, Customers and the flow of cash and goods. Cloud Computing provides a unique advantage in rolling out these Strategic Initiatives at a faster pace and at the same time offering greater reliability and higher Return on Investment. This paper explores how Cloud Computing is used to implement Collaborative Manufacturing Execution Systems. In addition to highlighting the advantages we also point out some of the key handicaps with the current state of art.


Taking the interpersonal function theory as the theoretical framework, this study selects the popular online talk show "Qi Pa speaking" in China as the data to analyze language strategies used by debaters to win votes and supports. The TV program, "Qi Pa Speaking", is a new program format, which is popular with people at all ages. It is different from the traditional form of debating competition with serious atmosphere, on the contrary, the atmosphere of the show is relaxed and lively. The results show that the declarative and exclamatory moods are two frequently used strategies by the debaters. The declarative mood usually implies the earnest instruction, while exclamatory mood helps to make the arguments more convincing. The use of different moods also reflects the different personalities of the debaters.


"We have a duty to change our mode of thinking"
This quote is by David Harvey from his lecture titled The Crisis of Capitalism. This quote is one of the most influential quotes for me. On the one hand, it changed my perception in trying to understand the world and the social phenomenon, and on the other, it even made me rethink January 25th, 2011 revolution in different terms, and prompted me to try to understand it in a different mode. Studying Anthropology changed my mode of thinking, and I am grateful for this shift in my life from being an Architect to the Urban Anthropologist to be.

Without you I would not be the person I am …
Hanan Sabea, Martina Reiker, Reem Saad, Malak Rouchdy, Mark Westmoreland and Tarek Waly.
Also I am extremely honored to have had attended a semester at Jawaherlal Nehru University (JNU) in New Delhi, India. Thanks to Arunima Gopinath, Mallarika Sinha, Roy and Papori Bori.
Mariz Kelada, Dalia Abdel Hameed, Noha Khattab and Maya El Helou.
Faten Fadda, my mother, Kamal Khalil, my father and my dear sister Amal Khalil.
Mozn Hassan, Ramez Aref, Kholoud Bidak and Maissan Hassan.


The article provides a biographical overview of the life and work of Mihailo Konstantinović, professor at the University of Belgrade Faculty of Law and corresponding member of the Yugoslav Academy of Arts and Sciences. This contribution covers his education, university and scientific career, political engagement, work on legislation and in professional associations. The article reflects on the contribution of Mihailo Konstantinović to Serbian legislation and jurisprudence and the recognition he deserved, as well as on the controversies of his life and work, concluding that a more detailed study of his character and work is undoubtedly necessary.


ABSTRACT This article focuses on the 2014 Hokkolorob ('Let there be noise') movement at Jadavpur University, Kolkata, in the state of West Bengal, a student agitation that ultimately led to the forced resignation of a vice-chancellor after intervention by the Chief Minister of the state. This movement has passed into campus folklore, with a Wikipedia entry devoted to it signposting its distinctive cultural features, including public art and hashtag activism. However, in many ways Hokkolorob did not entirely fit the pattern of student protests at other Indian universities, not only because it achieved short-term success, drawing the wider public into openly expressed sympathy with the agitating students, but also because it eschewed party politics and opened the way for new expressions of dissent. Moreover, it drew attention to the problem of providing safe spaces on campuses to students across genders and orientations. Unique among the many upheavals in the Indian higher education landscape over the past few years, Hokkolorob needs to be understood in the context of a crisis that affects both the public university and the Indian polity.


Communication by using email has become frequent nowadays and creates a new medium for hiding secret data. Email Header Steganography or HeadStega is a technique in Noiseless Steganography that utilizes the header part of an email such as subject, to, cc, etc. to hide secret messages. HeadStega does not produce noise in data and the body of email remains legitimate. However, HeadStega has a low hiding capacity. A recipient's email address only able to hide 4 to 11 bits of secret message. This paper propose a new technique to improve the hiding capacity of HeadStega especially in the 'to' field of an email. By using LZW compression algorithm and modifying the message-hiding process, the capacity of HeadStega can be improved. The experiment results show that HeadStega hiding capacity increased by 39.72% for text message and increased by 58.80% for binary messages.


In recent years, many scholars of translation studies have probed into the comprehensive, multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary translation studies. Applying translation theory of adaption and selection, this paper discusses Lin Shu's adaption and selection, internally (needs and ability) and eternally (linguistic, cultural and communicative dimensions), in the process of translating Uncle Tom's Cabin in order to have a better understanding on Lin Shu's translation, and try to provide valuable perspectives to translation studies.


SUMMARY Cardiac arrest occurred in an apparently healthy boy during anaesthesia. He was resuscitated but some time later was found to be suffering from the pseudohypertrophic (Duchenne) form of muscular dystrophy. The possible causes of circulatory collapse in this patient are considered and it is suggested that suxamethonium-induced hyperkalaemia would be a likely explanation.


With the increasing urbanization and additional traffic it brought, the urban congestion, together with traffic accidents and air pollution problems it created, has seriously confronted the society as a whole. Applying intelligent transportation system (ITS) tools to solve these problems in Chongqing are presented in this paper. The ITS is also perceived as the sustainable development tool to address the ever-worsening urban traffic problems. The proposed Chongqing ITS Development Plan, which covers 11 domains and 52 subsystem constructions, are discussed in this paper.


This chapter is designed to give information on administration of fluids, nutrition and medication to exotic patients. It also looks at nursing care plans and their application to exotic patients. Includes self-assessment questions.


Abstract : A technique is described for determining target altitude utilizing the frequency dependence of the multilobe antenna beam pattern resulting from sea reflections. A frequency-agile 2D radar is assumed. (Author)


This paper examines the Italian translation of Anthony Burgess' A Clockwork Orange, focusing in particular on the language of narration, 'Nadsat'. This invented argot, based on English but including a good deal of Russian vocabulary, contributes to the novel's grotesque humour and to the narrator's manipulation of the readers. In Floriana Bossi's Italian translation, the Russian influence on Nadsat is almost completely missing; she draws instead on Italian and dialectal vocabulary. This results in a considerable change to what in the source text is a very foreign-sounding argot. I investigate the effect that Bossi's approach has on the humour of the narration and on the audience's potential involvement with the main character. Notions of violent language and the violence of translation are discussed, as is the extent to which Bossi's approach is shaped by linguistic incompatibility, target-culture poetics, and ideologies about the role of the translator.


As humanity's energy consumption continues to increase for the coming decades, with our knowledge of traditional fossil fuels' deleterious effects on our planetary ecosystem, it is evident that development of clean, economical, and renewable energy sources is one of the great remaining problems faced by our species. Photovoltaic technologies, particularly those based on organic materials, have been suggested as potentially viable solutions to our energy demands. However, several deficiencies of organic photovoltaic devices, specifically their relatively low power conversion efficiency, has hampered their adoption for large-scale energy production. One of the main causes of these deficiencies is the imprecise control of the distribution of the active materials within these photovoltaic devices. This dissertation presents a series of semiconductor device modeling simulations, which were conducted to elucidate the various effects of the morphology of active components on organic photovoltaic devices' charge transport properties and photovoltaic performance. Our simulations illustrate how subtle variations in the active layer morphology can both hinder and benefit device performance in surprising ways. This indicates the need for novel processing techniques, which allow precise control of device morphology, in order for organic photovoltaic devices to be competitive with other contemporary renewable energy technologies.


The water rights analysis package simulates surface water development, allocation, management, and use and performs reliability and frequency analyses of simulation results. The computer modeling system facilitates assessments of hydrologic and institutional water availability and reliability in satisfying requirements for reservoir storage, water supply diversions, environmental instream flows, and hydroelectric energy generation. Reservoir system operations for flood control can be simulated. Capabilities are also provided for tracking salinity concentrations. Basin-wide impacts of water resources development projects and management practices are modeled. The modeling system is generalized for application anywhere, with input datasets being developed for particular river systems of concern. The water availability modeling system maintained by the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality and routinely applied by the professional water management community consists of the water rights analysis package and simulation input datasets for all of the river basins of Texas. Model-users modify the input datasets as appropriate to evaluate alternative water use scenarios, development projects, and management strategies of interest. This paper explores concepts and methodologies incorporated in the water rights analysis package and other comparable modeling systems, implementation of water availability modeling in Texas, and contributions to effective water management.


(1) Division of Organic Farming (IFÖL), Department of Sustainable Agricultural Systems, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences (BOKU), Vienna, Austria.Author: IFÖL, BOKU, Gregor Mendel Str. 33, A1180, Vienna, Austria. Phone (Fax): +43 1 47654 3775 (3792), E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, (2) Institute of Hydraulics and Rural Water Management, BOKU, Vienna, Austria, (3) Institute of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Department of Applied Plant Sciences and Plant Biotechnology, BOKU, Vienna, Austria


At present,the construction of chromatographic fingerprints plays a significant role in the quality control of traditional medicines.In this paper,high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet absorption detector(HPLC-UV) profiles of saponins in panax notoginseng leaves were established.The analysis was carried out on a reversed-phase column(150 mm×4.6 mm,I.D.C_(18),5 μm,) from Agilent maintained at 40 ℃.Separation was performed by elution using acetonitrile and water at a volume ratio of 32∶68.The flow rate was 0.7 mL/min.The detection wavelength was set at 203 nm.Under the above condition,peaks were well separated.To develop the representative fingerprint of saponins in panax notoginseng leaves,10 batches of samples were analyzed under the same HPLC conditions.The results showed that 10 batches of saponins in panax notoginseng leaves have 14 common peaks as their fingerprint.Besides,these common peaks were all characterized by using HPLC-MS technique and comparison with the reference standards.The fingerprint established will help to control the quality of saponins in panax notoginseng leaves.


Method for producing a silicon-containing film, a loading step of the substrate (S101), and step of forming the silicon-containing film (S102), and the substrate carry-out step (S103), and dry cleaning step (S104), the fluoride reduction step and (S105), and an exhaust step (S106). Fluoride reduction step (S105) in the exhaust step (S106) of partial pressure A × a CF


We demonstrate, by direct measurement of the number of photons in signal and idler, that the twin-beam of light produced by ps-pulsed spontaneous parametric downconversion is endowed with sub-shot-noise photon-number correlations in a mesoscopic intensity regime (more than 1000 detected photons). The noise reduction, calculated from the variance of the difference in the numbers of detected-photons, resulted to be 3.25 dB below the shot-noise level. From experimental data we can recover joint photon-number distribution and a negative-valued joint signal-idler quasi-distributions of integrated intensities, which demonstrates the nonclassical character of the generated field.


Purpose–The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the pro‐active nature of the New Zealand Intensive Medicines Monitoring Programme (IMMP) and make an assessment of its effectiveness in postmarketing drug safety evaluation.


The strike is the essence of collective labor activity. Indeed, the labor movement had its very origin in concerted work stoppages.' By striking-joining together to withhold their labor-workers seek to enhance their power to bargain over the terms of the labor contract. Even Adam Smith, the progenitor of classical market economics, observed that in industrial disputes employers have the advantage over individual employees because capital and labor have unequal capacities to "hold out"-that is,


Editor Malassezia is a lipophilic yeast belonging to the normal human cutaneous flora in adults. It is not only a saprophyte but also an opportunistic pathogen associated with Pityriasis versicolor, Pityrosporum folliculitis, seborrhoeic dermatitis and some forms of atopic dermatitis. Malassezia furfur has been implicated as a trigger for the initiation of scalp lesions in psoriasis. We present a case in which P. versicolor lesions triggered guttate exacerbation of psoriasis. A 42-year-old man presented with multiple, scattered, erythematous and scaly papular lesions of 1-week's duration on his trunk. These were preceded by asymptomatic, minimally scaly, hypopigmented macules for 1 month. He was a known case of psoriasis vulgaris for the past 2 years. Examination revealed erythematous scaly plaques of psoriasis on his trunk and extremities and hypopigmented scaly macules on the chest and upper back. Superimposed on these hypopigmented lesions on the chest and upper back were multiple, scattered erythematous and scaly papular lesions of guttate psoriasis (fig. 1). A KOH preparation from the hypopigmented lesions showed short, wide, fungal hyphae along with yeast cells (spaghetti and meatball appearance) on microscopy. Skin biopsy from the lesions revealed evidence of both fungal elements and psoriasis (fig. 2). The patient was started on fluconazole tablets 150 mg/day for 7 days. Within a period of 4 weeks almost all hypopigmented macules and guttate psoriasis lesions had cleared. Psoriasis is considered a genetic, controlled disease; however, its expression is in part dependent on external factors. Microorganisms such as β-Haemolytic streptococci, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans have been suggested as external triggers that release factors which serve as superantigens, and stimulate T cells to initiate the pathogenic events of psoriasis. The following findings indicate that Malassezia may also be involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Cell fragments of Malassezia topically applied to the skin of psoriatic patients induced new psoriatic plaques. Furthermore, it has been observed that Malassezia folliculitis can transform into psoriatic lesions. The possible mechanisms by which these organisms may trigger psoriatic lesions have, however, yet fig. 1 Multiple, scattered erythematous, scaly papular lesions with hypopigmented patches on the upper trunk.


In this paper, the strengthening mechanism of the SiCp on two different kinds of metal matrix composites was studied by adding SiCp with a diameter of 4 micron in AZ91D alloy and ZA40 alloy. The study found that the strengthening mechanism was the dispersion strengthening when 0.5-1.5%Wt SiCp was added into ZA40 zinc alloy. In order to solve the wettability of the ZA40 and the SiCp, Cu layer was coated on the surface of SiCp. When Cu-SiCp was added into the ZA40 alloy, α-Al phase blocked by Cu-SiCp at the stage of solidification and crystallization. Therefore, the α-dendrite in the crystalline tissue was decreased and the grain was refined, and the strength of the alloy was improved significantly. SiCp was added to the AZ91D composite, the strengthening mechanism was solid solution strengthening when the adding amount was less than 10%Wt. The SiCp reacted with β-Mg17Al12, generated new Al4C3 phase and strengthened phase Mg2Si, formed Mg-Al solid solution. The formation of Al4C3 played a key role in grain refined and the formation of Mg2Si replaced the harmful divorced eutectic β-Mg17Al12 phase in the material that improved the strength and hardness of the alloy. When SiCp adding amount was more than 10%Wt, in order to alleviate the agglomeration and the wettability of the SiCp and the liquid AZ91D, a Cu layer was coated on SiCp surface, the strengthening mechanisms were both solid solution strengthening and dispersion strengthening.


A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the
Requirements for the Award of Degree of Doctor of
Philosophy (Educational Management) in the School
of Education, Kenyatta University, June, 2019


The aim of this paper is to explore the psychometric properties of the freshly developed questionnaire on Hospital Accreditation. The items were outlined with the support of the previously existing scales and interface with the sampling unit. The questionnaire consisted of sixteen items and this questionnaire was distributed to the participants to take their responses. The sample consisted 110 healthcare professionals of Delhi-NCR hospitals. The results of reliability analysis of scale show that Cronbach's alpha value is 0.956. The reliability statistics match the optimal level of Nunnally's criteria and statistically acceptable for freshly developed scale. The exploratory factor analysis show that these sixteen items are loaded on two factors (benefits of the organization and benefits of healthcare professionals) and these two factors explain 70.813% total variance in hospital accreditation. The items of this questionnaire are outlined in such way that this questionnaire can be also valuable tool for assessment of benefits by organization and healthcare professionals from Hospital accreditation.


Two published sets of vapour–liquid equilibrium data for mixtures of argon and neon have been analysed to give interaction second virial coefficients for Ne + Ar in the temperature range 84–138 K. These results are compared with other values for higher temperatures and with a single point for 90 K. The complete set of results is found to be self-consistent and to be compatible with the predictions of an intermolecular potential function based on a variety of other types of experimental data.


Abstract Urbanization, industrialization and climatic changes, etc. cause changes in distribution and density of vegetation cover and plant health as well. Monitoring and analyzing these changes is very important in terms of management of natural resources, environmental protection and planning. Remote sensing is a very prevalent technology used in determination of spatial distribution, variety and density of vegetation cover. Vegetation cover is one of the elements that can be most easily and accurately extracted from satellite images. Therefore for the studies related with vegetation cover by satellite images, many vegetation indices were defined. In this study, Landsat 5-TM images dated October 1987 and September 2011 were used in order to examine the temporal change in Samsun-Turkey vegetation cover with the help of 14 vegetation indices including Ratio and NDVI from slope-based vegetation indices; PVI, PVI 1 , PVI 2 , PVI 3 , SAVI, TSAVI 1 , TSAVI 2 , MSAVI 1 , MSAVI 2 , and WDVI from distance-based vegetation indices and PCA and TASSCAP from orthogonal transformation vegetation indices.


Quality Management is a management system used to maintain the best service quality, and the outcome is customer satisfaction and loyalty. As one of the public service centers, Mosques are a time to focus on implementing quality management to improve the best service for their worshippers. In Islamic history, the Prophet SAW has applied the fundamental basis of quality management, especially during the establishment and operation of the Prophet's mosque in Medina: Islamic leadership and community involvement. These two factors are currently crucial in building a quality management system. This study aims to map mosques' business processes (activities) to create a quality management system. The research method uses qualitative research design with a phenomenological approach, followed by descriptive historical-comparative method analysis. The study found findings of mosque leadership models, community involvement models, and conclusions of congregational behavior, cultural behavior, social behavior, personal behavior, and psychological behavior. Then there were also findings of issues findings from internal and external problems around the mosque, and the final part was the finding of expectations from mosque worshippers and how the mosque prepared a strategic strategy to respond to the expectations of the congregation; furthermore, the critical point of the results of this study was found a business map model of mosque processes (activities) which became the essential element to build a mosque quality management system.Keywords – Community Involvement, Context Organization and Business Process, Islamic Leadership, Quality Management.


Embarrassing predicaments are a routine pari of social interaction arising from the display of untoward or inappropriate behavior. Such events create feelings of chagrin, engender negative attributions about the embarrassed person, and disrupt social interaction. Consequently, both embarrassed acton and observers employ remedial face work in response to embarrassing predicaments in order to repair damaged identities, maintain face, and restore interactional equilibrium. This chapter summarizes the relevant literature in four areas related to embarrassment: (a) the nature of embarrassing predicaments, (b) remedial strategies employed by embarrassed acton, (c) responses of observers to an embarrassing predicament, and (d) factors influencing the use and effectiveness of remedial strategies. While prior research has offered some useful knowledge about general remedial processes, it fails to capture some of the unique and subtle aspects of coping with embarrassment. To promote greater understanding of the inh...


In QoS provisioning adaptation defines an area of overlap between QoS management and autonomic computing. This convergence is highlighted by the adherence of QoS systems to fundamental principles such as transparency, and the ability of QoS mechanisms to adapt seamlessly to prevailing environmental conditions. This characteristic is also underpinned by a combination of monitoring and management mechanisms, features that are inherent to autonomic behaviour. This paper is concerned with an investigation into the autonomic behaviour of QoS management systems. Relevant QoS mechanisms are identified and their functionality mapped onto autonomic behaviour. In a wider context, the components of a specific QoS architecture, ITSUMO, are considered from the perspective of autonomic control. Furthermore, as part of an ongoing research project, an evaluation mechanism is presented as a fundamental component in the architectural support for autonomic behaviour.


A fixed-caliper disc brake (100) comprises a vehicle-fixed caliper (102) having at least one guide which has a receiving area (130, 132), at least one brake pad assembly (108, 110) having a brake lining carrier (112, 114) on which a brake lining (116 , 118) is mounted and a guide means (126, 128) with a guide portion (162) in the receiving region (130, 132) of the one guide is mounted at least. out the brake pad assembly (108, 110) via at least one guide surface (122, 124) of the brake lining carrier (112, 114) on the guide means (126, 128) rests displaceably in the region of the guide of the brake caliper (102) displaceable. The guide means (126, 128) comprises an elastically deformable return element (154, 156) located opposite the brake lining carrier (112, 114) supports and is designed to carry a braking effective displacement of the brake pad assembly (108, 110), a restoring force due to an elastic exerting deformation on this, which counteracts the braking effective displacement of the brake pad assembly (108, 110). The resetting element (154, 156) is at least partially in a recess (158, 160) arranged fixed to the vehicle of the brake caliper (102).