The cutting of the metallographic sample is an important step during the course of the metallographic analyse, this paper presents a new cutting equipment —the automatic metallographic sample cutting machine ,meanwhile ,describes it's mechanical design and the controlling system.


Using multi-body dynamics analysis and actual working conditions, the 3D model and virtual prototyping of crankshaft of a four-cylinder engine consisting of both the flexible bodies and the rigid bodies were established. And the velocity, acceleration and displacement were obtained through dynamic simulation. At the same time the loadings exerting on crankpins, taken as force boundary conditions of finite element analysis, and load spectrum, taken as load spectrum of fatigue life calculation simplified, were gained. Then the modal analysis and fatigue life of the crankshaft using S-N method were respectively calculated,and according to the simulated results, the given improvements offered some reliable suggestions for the crankshaft system's design.


Fifteen years ago, experts predicted that as a result of the shrinking traditional college-age cohort higher education enrollments would decline in the 1980s and early 1990s. During the 1980s tuition charges consistently increased faster than inflation, state support of higher education wavered because of troubled state economies, and the federal government shifted its emphasis from grants to loans and decreased its support for student aid. In spite of these developments, all of which would have led to more dire enrollment predictions if they had been known a decade earlier, enrollments in higher education remained stable in the 1980s [16], instead of declining as had been predicted. In the 1980s college enrollment was higher than predicted. However, minority participation rates declined, which suggests the decline in federal student aid could have had an influence on enrollment. Throughout the decade there was speculation that the declines in minority participation rates were attributable to changes in federal student aid in combination with rising college prices [for example 36]. However, the linkage between changes in federal student aid policy and enrollment had been seriously questioned [18], and the Reagan administration's studies of the issue concluded that academic preparation, not student aid, was the major reason for the decline in minority participation rates [9, 39]. Recent research, however, supports the argument that there is a An earlier version of this article was presented at the Eighth Annual NASSGP/NCHELP Research Network Conference, San Francisco, Calif., 21 March 1991. The thought-provoking comments of unknown reviewers are gratefully acknowledged. linkage between federal student aid, tuition charges, and enrollment by minorities from low-income backgrounds [31, 45, 47, 48, 51]. Unfortunately, this linkage is not routinely considered in most state higher education agencies or the United States Department of Education when they make decisions about higher education budgets. In spite of the importance of this topic, there has not been any significant effort to collect the data researchers would need to address these concerns fully. Therefore, the adequacy of existing price-response measures for enrollment and financial planning should be assessed. To be useful in budget and enrollment projection models, price-response measures should meet at least two minimum standards. First, they should be at least as accurate in predicting enrollment as projection models that do not use these measures. Second, they should predict the types of changes that actually happen (for example, redistribution of aid and enrollment across sectors). In this article I attempt to untangle the web of controversy surrounding the use of price-response measures in enrollment projection models. After briefly considering the use of standardized student price-response coefficients (SPRCs) and other cashflow-response measures(1) in projection models, I compare the accuracy of three types of cashflow-response measures in predicting enrollment, use one of these to analyze the impact of pricing changes during the 1980s, and consider the implications of these analyses for future refinements in enrollment projections and data collections. The Use of Price Response in Projection Models In the 1960s the early student-demand studies concluded that students' enrollment decisions were influenced by tuition charges [for example, 6, 11]. In 1973 the National Commission on the Financing of Postsecondary Education (NCFPE) used the results of the student-demand studies in a higher education budget model. However, the NCFPE's budget model was severely criticized [12] largely because of inadequacies of the student-demand studies used in the model. Nevertheless, other research on students who enrolled before the Pell program was implemented (as Basic Educational Opportunity Grants), suggested that results of research on the impact of student aid could be useful in estimating the enrollment effects of student aid policy [29]. …


This article is an attempt to think through the sociosymbolic dimensions of the phenomenon of nonmedical or cosmetic surgical reduction of the labia minora, an interventionist medical practice that is gaining currency in the contemporary Western context. The article seeks to navigate the symbolic meaning of labial excision in the contemporary Western "postfeminist" context. I suggest that the desire for labiaplasty is embedded in a dialectical narrative of femininity that draws upon a specifically postfeminist distinction between desirable sexuality and undesirable maternity. I use the Kleinian theory of melancholic loss to argue that the contemporary desire for labiaplasty is indicative of a failure of mourning and the inability to establish the maternal breast as a good internal object in the psychosocial formation of the feminine body-ego. I argue that because the mother's breast cannot be legitimately mourned, the female body is compelled to abject its reproductive, animal materiality.


This paper presents a multi-layer scheme for the adaptive coordinated cooperative control of n mobile manipulator. Each layer works as an independent module, dealing with a specific part of the problem of cooperation, coordination and adaptation, thus giving more flexibility to the scheme. Also, the redundancy of the n mobile manipulators is used for the avoidance of obstacles by the mobile platforms-without deforming the virtual structure and maintaining its desired trajectory- and the singular configuration prevention through the system's manipulability control. Stability and robustness are proved by using Lyapunov's theory. Simulation results show a good performance of the proposed control scheme as proved by the theoretical design.


The appearance of well-defined steps on vicinal Si (111) surfaces has a very pronounced effect on the rotational anisotropy of the Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) from these surfaces. This effect is related to the lowering of the surface symmetry and an enhancement of the non-linear susceptibility at these steps. In this paper, we present a study of the growth parameters dependence on the optical and magneto-optical response of Au / Co / Au / Cu ultrathin films epitaxied on vicinal Si (111) surfaces, using Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM), linear and non-linear Kerr effect. (© 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


The project of governance, which has been heralded as a contemporary advance in the development of international law, has a very old lineage. Since the beginnings of the modern discipline of international law in the sixteenth century, international law has devised a number of doctrines directed at shaping and reforming the government of the non-European state. Most typically, this project of reform involves two elements that are often characterized as inseparable: the furtherance of commerce and the advancement of civilization. The non-European world has, on the whole, been rendered non-sovereign by international law over the course of the last five centuries. It is precisely in the non-European world therefore, that international law can, as in the case of doctrine of government, extend and expand its reach, and develop and refine a series of paradigms directed towards creating good government. The domestic sphere, which is entirely immune to international law in the case of European states, is entirely vulnerable to international law in the case of non-European states. The Article argues that good governance exerts an extraordinarily powerful influence on the thinking of the international community in part because it is connected with human rights, the universal language in this age of rights. This link between governance and human rights suggests, furthermore, that the Third World state is the focus of concern: it is the aberrant Third World state which both violates rights and engages in bad governance. The Article challenges the Western assumption that the problems of the Third World lie within the Third World itself. It critiques the stance that the problem of addressing international justice can be largely achieved through the project of good governance which would reform the Third World state.


We investigate the processes involved in writing real-time holographic gratings in a photorefractive polymer (PRP) that incorporates an azo-dye. In such systems there may be gratings due to mechanisms associated with trans–cis isomerization (angular hole burning (AHB) and/or angular redistribution), which appear in addition to those arising from the photorefractive (PR) effect. The work presented here helps to understand the interactions which may occur between these different gratings. The formation of local gratings due to mechanisms associated with photoisomerization is studied, in a new PRP based on the photoconductor poly(N-vinylcarbazole):2, 4, 7-trinitro-9-fluorenone, plasticized with N-ethylcarbazole. The polymer includes the azo-dye 4-nitro-4'-pentyloxy-azobenzene and we observe both PR and photoisomerization gratings. The gratings are shown to be both polarization-sensitive and reversible. The presence of the photoisomerization gratings (which diffract almost as strongly as the PR gratings) significantly affects the field-dependent diffractive behaviour of the composite. A measurement of the lifetime of the cis state is made (τcis = 38 s) using photoinduced dichroism. This is close to the decay time constant of the local gratings (τdecay = 42 s), and it is suggested that the local grating mechanism is AHB of the azo-dye. This is the first time (to the knowledge of the authors) that a local grating due to AHB has been demonstrated in a PRP.


We report here direct contact membrane distillation results from modules having 0.28 m2 of membrane surface area employing porous hydrophobic polypropylene hollow fibers of internal diameter (330 μm) and wall thickness (150 μm) with a porous fluorosilicone coating on the outside surface. The brine salt concentration and temperature and the distillate temperature and velocity were varied. Water vapor fluxes approach values obtained earlier in much smaller modules. As the brine temperature was increased from 40 to 92 °C, water vapor flux increased almost exponentially. Increasing the distillate temperature to 60 from 32 °C yielded reasonable fluxes. Salt concentration increases to 10% led to a small flux reduction. An extended 5-day run did not show any pore wetting. A model using the mass transfer coefficient km as an adjustable parameter predicted the brine temperature drop, distillate temperature rise, and water vapor flux well for the large module and the smaller module of 119-cm2 surface area.


Abstract In this paper, we first prove a path convergence theorem for a nonexpansive mapping in a reflexive and strictly convex Banach space which has a uniformly Gˆateaux differentiable norm and admits the duality mapping jφ, where φ is a gauge function on [0,∞). Using this result, strong convergence theorems for common fixed points of a countable family of nonexpansive mappings are established.


slightly more modem language, the unity of opposites among ever-shifting antagonistic and non-antagonistic contradictions, is key. Thus, the concept of an ideal, unchanging China, a misreading as editor Alleton notes, common to 18th century philosophes as well as &dquo;our Maoists of the 1960s&dquo; can be fairly laid to rest. Yet despite the profound transformation of China in our time, certain significant challenges remain: even as Chinese writers, artists and film makers join and contribute to the international artistic mainstream, Beijing's approaches to international politics, human rights, economics and trade remain rooted in darker, primitive visions of China's place in the world and nationalistic atavism. The phrase does not appear in the volume, but one reading of the contributions suggests that old clich6 still applies to China: plus qa change, plus c'est la meme chose.


A quadricuspid pulmonary valve, exhibiting two equal and two smaller cusps, associated with severe regurgitation was found by cardiac magnetic resonance in a 65-year-old woman referred for evaluation of dyspnea and peripheral edema.


The Space Aggressiveness Index (SAI) is a bio-ecological parameter that depicts weed distribution characteristics. There are not antecedents about this subject in cotton crop. This paper was aimed at determining the space aggressiveness index for Chenopodium album (CHEAL) and relating it to yield losses. Work was done on the Guazuncho-INTA cultivar throughout the 2007-2008 campaign in La Maria Experimental Field, EEA INTA Santiago del Estero. To compute the space aggressiveness index a model that includes the outstanding height, dry biomass, and infected area of the individual plant together with the quantity, dry biomass and average height of the offspring was used. The 200 sq m cropland was divided into ten plots and parametric statistical analyses, ANOVA, and Tukey test (0,05) were made. As to the the results obtained were: a) Cotton: -average weight per plot: 105.000 g; -weight per plant: 597 g; total number of plants: 79,30; average height: 0,59 m; average yield: 2,592 kg ha 1 and, b) CHEAL: weight per plot: 4,290 g; average number of individuals per plot: 18,7; average height: 2,72 m; parent plant height: 3,45 m whereas for the offspring the figures were: 187 individuals; average height: 2,40 m; average dry matter: 58 g in plot of surpassing plant. Cotton yield was 2,329,50 kg ha-1 and crop losses were of 89,76%. The space aggressiveness index obtained was that of 3,76 (i.e. low-intermediate). Such an index indicates that numerous plants growing around a main weed act together in distribution. The lower space aggressiveness index, the higher yield losses occur in cotton crop.


Using data on net exports and factor endowments for more than 100 countries, this paper studies the relationship between factor endowments and comparative advantage in 28 manufacturing sectors between 1975 and 2010. The authors allow for systematic technological differences across countries, including differences in factor intensities across countries with different ratios of skilled labor over unskilled labor. Capital seems to be a source of comparative disadvantage in manufacturing, and skilled labor is a source of comparative advantage in the global sample. However, skilled labor is a source of comparative disadvantage in economies with low human capital, whereas it is a source of comparative advantage in the sample of countries with high human capital. The authors attribute this heterogeneity to the rise of capital mobility across countries, particularly since the mid-1990s.


Background: Redo mitral valve surgery in patients with patent coronary bypass grafts carries a risk of graft injury and postoperative bleeding. We compare early results of reoperative minimally invasive on-pump beating heart mitral valve surgery (OPBMS) via mini thoracotomy vs the results of standard sternotomy mitral valve surgery (SSMS) in the presence of patent coronary bypass grafts. Methods: Between 2009 and 2015, 12 patients underwent OPBMS through a right mini thoracotomy and 6 patients underwent SSMS. All patients had at least 1 patent bypass graft. Results: Median age and EuroSCORE II were not statistically different between the 2 groups. There was no early death in the OPBMS group vs 1 death (17%) in the SSMS group. There was a statistically significant lower median perioperative blood loss in


After that the memory management pattern of Linux is analyzed,the definition of the memory pool in the kernel(version 2.6) of Linux is unscrambled,and the methods to create or transfer the memory pool are nailed down,besides,an example is given to show how the memory pool works in network file system.Experiments show that,when the memory pool is introduced for memory management into memory implementation and user program,the number of memory pieces will be reduced,the speed of distribution will be improved,and the leaks of memory will be avoided.


Public relations is a vital tool for the government because it emphasizes on democracy and good governance. This study sought to establish the role of public relations tools in sensitizing the public on government projects in government ministries in the Central Government in Nairobi. Specifically, the study examined: the effects of media relations on sensitizing the public on government projects in Nairobi County, Kenya; the effects of community relations on sensitizing the public on government projects in Nairobi County, Kenya; the effects of sponsorships on sensitizing the public on government projects in Nairobi County, Kenya; the effects of community events on sensitizing the public on government projects in Nairobi County, Kenya. For this study, the researcher used descriptive survey design. The target population comprised heads of departments in state corporations in Kenya which totals 162. This study was a census survey of all 162 state corporations in Kenya. The unit of analysis comprised all the state corporations whereas the unit of observation consisted of 162 heads of departments (Public Relations Officers) of each State Corporation, thus forming a sample size of 162 respondents. Primary data was collected using questionnaires as the main data collection instruments. The study also collected data using an interview schedule. SPSS version 20 was adopted in the analysis of quantitative data. Data was presented in the form of pie charts, graphs and tables. Themes were used to analyze qualitative data. The study found that media relations positively and significantly influence sensitisation on government projects; community relations positively and significantly influence sensitisation on government projects; sponsorships positively and significantly influence sensitisation on government projects and community events positively and significantly influence sensitisation on government projects. The study, therefore, recommends that stronger communication mechanisms should be installed and well integrated in the system to ensure easier and convenient dissemination of information to the public. PR department of any organisation contributes to its development and enhances


Approximate Computing is a design paradigm that allows for a small loss in accuracy in an application in exchange for improved efficiency and/or reduced power consumption. Approximate Logic Synthesis (ALS) is a process through which an inexact (approximate) version of a circuit is generated, assuring that the error introduced by approximation does not exceed a certain threshold [1].


The crisis in Canadian federalism has not emerged suddenly, but has been building for many years. It is our contention that Canada's political and constitutional problems can only be alleviated by reform of the parliamentary system. The fusion of executive and legislative powers inherent in the parliamentary system requires strict party discipline to sustain a government, a requirement intensifying the difficulties posed by Canada's particular combination of enormous geographic size and ethnic and regional differentiation. The fusion of powers is not only a major obstacle to the formation of a national consensus and conciliatory parties. It contributes also to the absence of trust and the lack of a common national desire to form adequate bargaining mechanisms to resolve differences. The particular Canadian intergovernmental relationships and several of the conditions responsible for them are shown to be idiosyncratic, only partly related to the federal structure, and of great importance to an understanding of the country's current situation.


The concept of geological engineering-integrated fracturing is widely applied in the conventional and unconventional reservoirs, aiming to achieve efficient and economic development. There is no doubt that fine reservoir evaluation is the basis and core of geological engineering-integrated fracturing. Therefore, in this paper, we performed a series of investigations on the basis of formation fine evaluation by using RoqScan technology. Firstly, the physical parameters of the target well located in Daniudi Gas Field were evaluated by a laboratory test and logging interpretation. Next, the composition and function of the RoqSCAN tool were introduce in detail. Furthermore, the elements, minerals, and rock mechanical parameters of the target well were evaluated by the RoqSCAN tool. Finally, the fine reservoir model was established on the basis of fine formation evaluation. Moreover, we conducted a series of research on porosity and principal stress of the target formation to compare the difference between the fine model and the conventional model. Based on the fine reservoir model, the acid-fracturing design and numerical simulation were further investigated. The results of experiments and numerical simulation mainly achieved the following findings: 1. The porosity and permeability of the target formation indicated that it was a tight, low-permeability reservoir; 2. According to the comparison of the distribution for different parameters in the target well, the modeling with fine reservoir evaluation had higher accuracy than the traditional modeling; 3. Based on the fine evaluation results, acid fracturing is recommended as a stimulation method to enhance the productivity of the target formation. This study provides an essential method for the integrated fracturing design of geological engineering.


This study determined the effect of drying or ensiling cassava peels on some conservation characteristics and growth performance of sheep. Fresh peels were either sun-dried to a DM of 904 g/kg or ensiled for 45 days for determination of some chemical and microbial characteristics, and growth performance of sheep. 45 Djallonké sheep were randomly assigned to three supplementary dietary treatments (Control and dried or ensiled) and fed for 70 days. Ensiling reduced the pH from 5.65 in the fresh peel to 4.15 compared to 6.15 in the dried peel. Crude protein (CP) increased from 45±0.44 g/kg DM in the fresh peel to 46±0.48 and 52±0.88 g/kg DM in the dried and ensiled peel, respectively. Reduction in neutral detergent fibre concentration was greater by ensiling than by drying. However, a greater (P = 0.001) reduction in HCN concentration was achieved by drying than by ensiling. Moulds were greater (P = 0.011) in the ensiled than dry peels. Average daily weight gain was higher (P = 0.031) for sheep offered the ensiled than the dried or Control diet. In conclusion, sun-drying was more effective at reducing HCN concentration whereas ensiling improved the CP content of cassava peels and growth performance of sheep.


Minimum Energy Performance Standard(MEPS) has been adapted in Korea since 2008. For at least 37 ㎾, IE3 effciency class motors are now mandatory in Korea. IE4 level regulation is expected in a few years. Foreign companies are already selling IE4 class motors in the market, and the discussions on IE5 have already started. The efficiency standard of variable speed motors is scheduled for publication shortly. Recently, discussions are now beginning to prepare for IE5 in Korea. In this paper, author reviews the policies associated with a high efficent electric motors by reference to both domestic and international standards, and reviews the research direction to prepare for IE5.


This work presents a comparative study of reactive flow in a realistically packed array of cylindrical particles on two widely different scales: particle-resolved direct numerical simulation (PR-DNS) and 1D modelling. PR-DNS directly simulates all transfer phenomena in and around the cylindrical particles, while 1D modelling utilizes closure models to predict system behaviour at a computational cost several orders of magnitude lower than PR-DNS. PR-DNS is performed on a geometry of ~100 realistically packed cylindrical particles generated using the discrete element method (DEM). Simulations are performed over a range of Thiele moduli, Prandtl numbers and reaction enthalpies. The geometry with particles of aspect ratio four is meshed with fine polyhedral elements both inside and outside the particles. Hence, we obtain accurate results for combined internal and external heat and mass transfer in the cylindrical particle array. These results are compared with a 1D packed bed reactor model incorporating appropriate models for intra particle diffusion and for external heat and mass transfer (applicable to cylindrical particles). Results document a good comparison for the heterogeneous first order


The survey and analysis show that some students blindly follow others when choosing the class and the optional courses of physical education.The paper gives some measures for discussion purpose.


The review considers the current situation in the market of phenolformaldehyde resins, which form the basis for a wide spectrum of binding compositions with variable properties, which allow obtaining various materials for particular technological purposes. Properties, types and application fields of phenolformaldehyde resins are characterized, their advantages and drawbacks are discussed, and possible more promising analogs are considered. The development of new and modification of existing processes for the synthesis of phenolformaldehyde resins by varying the process conditions and selecting the optimal catalyst were shown to be topical.


In order to study the color-genetic mechanism of brown jade,samples collected from Xinjiang were studied using XRD,ICP-MS,Raman and HRTEM.The results are as follows: the main mineral composition of brown jade is tremolite.ICP-MS data show that the concentration of the brown color has a good relationship with Fe element,samples with deeper color have higher Fe content.Fe occurs as iron mineral distributed in the tremolite particles or the microcracks.The grain size of the muddy iron mineral is extremely small,and the content is low.Experiments were designed to enrich the iron mineral with Stokes law.Then we studied the enriched samples with TEM and got the electron diffraction patterns of iron mineral,and identified them to be goethite.We conclude that the brown coloration of nephrite is due to goethite distributed in the tremolite particles or the microcracks.Raman spectra show that the rare mineral particle at the surface of the sample is rutile,and because of the low content,rutile has a little influence of the coloration.


Introduction Courses and Books Origins of Grandparent Education Goals for Grandparent Development Evaluating Grandparent Success Elements of the Curriculum Grandparents and Group Learning Guidelines for Group Discussion Troubleshooting Recruitment of Participants Recognition of Achievement Grandparent Evaluation of the Course Bibliography Lesson Schedule for Grandparent Classes Homework for Grandparents Providing Feedback on Homework Guidelines for Facilitating Group Discussion Class Announcement Course Enrollment Information Course Enrollment Form Class Schedule Graduation Certificate Grandparent Course Evaluation


According to information processing theory, attention deficits appear to be a nuclear disorder in schizophrenia which the study has been renewed with the development of neurophysiology technique. The originality of our research was to study in a same subject Event-Related-Potentials in three different conditions: passive and active auditory oddball paradigm for Mismatch Negativity (MMN) and P 300, and a simple reaction time task with warming stimulus for the Contingent Negative Variation (CNV). The study was carried out among 20 schizophrenic subjects (paranoid subtype with acute exacerbation, DSM-III-R) and 20 healthy volunteers. Patients differed from controls as the following: a lower amplitude of N1-P2 components of the auditive evoked potentials, a lower amplitude of MMN (absent in 20% of the psychotic subjects), a lower amplitude and a longer latency of P300, and a lower amplitude of CNV. These results suggest a fundamental dysfunction of information processing which involves the early stages of automatic and voluntary attentional cognitive processes in schizophrenia.


The execution of logs in business process is very important for the historical data analyzing, especially for the workflow mining. The goal of workflow mining is to collect corresponding data at runtime to support workflow design and analysis. The problems of implicit places and implicit transitions are analyzed in detail. In view of the shortage of α algorithm to resolve the implicit problems, an improved algorithm named α+*-algorithm is presented. The simulation results show the efficiency of the algorithm.


Abstract The characteristic features of the structural composition of different materials manufactured by means of Selective Laser Melting of powdered material in a powder bed (AlSiMg alloy, austenitic steel, cobalt alloy, pure iron) were metallographically examined and imaged using light optical and electron microscopy as well as EBSD analysis. To date, there is not much literature available on this topic, a fact which was one of the motivations behind this contribution. The macroscopic similarities and microscopic differences between the materials will be presented as well as the relation between superstructure and microstructure. By way of example, the effect of later heat treatment on three materials in the as-built condition was examined as well. Depending on the material, very different changes in the structure can be observed.


At present,China's criminal victim compensation is still a blank field.Looking over the overseas na- tional criminal victim compensation system,in the constitution condition,compensation type with the compensate amounts,all has the exhaustive stipulation.Unifies the rule and the characteristic of the overseas law,to con- structing the compensation system of criminal victims and put forward its own vision.


In this paper, we consider the problem of tracking an object which moves along a certain 2-dimensional area monitored by a network of wireless sensors. We propose a novel decision fusion algorithm for target tracking based on a recently proposed sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) methodology called cost-reference particle filtering (CRPF). Computer simulations reveal the feasibility of the proposed method.


Welcome to the proceedings issue of the annual Interactive Film and Media Conference, where we celebrate the dynamic relationships between care, collaboration, and craft across new media platforms, practices, and theories. This issue showcases video presentations of the papers that delve into these interconnected themes, offering a diverse range of perspectives and insights.
The nexus of care, collaboration, and craft is a fertile ground for exploring the crucial work of combatting polarization and embracing multiple voices, plural practices, and new ways of working together. In this fluid and adaptive landscape, the definitions and relationships of care, collaboration, and craft are not fixed but constantly evolving.
At the onset of the conference, we shared some exciting editorial news that reflects the dynamic nature of the interactive film and media field. As this field rapidly evolves, outpacing the traditional academic publishing world, we are committed to ensuring our publication remains at the forefront of innovation and inclusivity. In light of this, we have significantly changed our publishing approach.


Computer science education is moving from an elective subject in K-12 schools to a more compulsory topic with a focus on all students. As a new discipline is added to education, we need to explore not only the implications and theory behind student and teacher learning and development, but also the systems change that will happen in organizations in order to produce sustainable CS education. In this paper, we explore theories of systems change, especially in education, and describe the creation of a series of rubrics to help districts self-assess their CS education supports. Early data is presented from a pilot year of workshops with 67 school districts showing a partial landscape of how school districts rate their own strengths and weaknesses and provide a discussion of initial evidence of validity for the rubrics.


In multi-agent systems, the individual agent must form coalitions to accomplish complex tasks. However, the centralized management model is not flexible in a dynamic environment. To overcome the restriction caused by central control, the paper presents a self-organizing dynamic coalition mechanism based on game theory. Firstly, we adopt a distributed network to communicate among agents, allowing agents to solve the real-time task assignment problem autonomously. Next, a non-cooperative game negotiation model is introduced to find the optimal strategy for each agent. Finally, the effectiveness of our mechanism is validated by comparing it with the traditional command model in three distributed networks. Experimental results indicate the proposed mechanism is capable to improve the system utility.


Among common problems discussed are cataracts, degeneration of central vision, glaucoma, and diabetic retinopathy. Ocular signs can also be clues to neurologic, metabolic, oncologic, nephritic, and other diseases.


The collimating system in the accumulator ring and transfer lines of the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) project is responsible for stopping 0.1% of the 2 MW beam of 1.0 GeV protons that are in the beam halo. The collimating structures are a combination of movable beam scrapers and stationary absorbers. Specifically, pairs of charge‐exchange foils or scrapers moving in‐and‐out of the beam in the vertical and horizontal directions help guide the halo protons into respective absorbers which consist of an intricate design of a double wall beam tube, a water‐cooled particle bed and radial shielding. Off‐momentum protons, with the help of respective charge exchange foils and a dipole magnet, are directed to a momentum dump consisting of a cooled particle bed downstream of a double‐walled window separating it from the vacuum space. Addressed in this paper is the thermo‐mechanical response and survivability of key components of the collimating system (such as the collimating beam tube in the absorbers, the beam windows and the primary element of the bean scraper structure) in the event of intercept of the full beam under accident conditions. While the potential for the full beam to be intercepted by these components is remote, still special attention will be paid in assessing the amount of full beam (or number of pulses) they can tolerate.


Single-reverse flotation process,double-reverse flotation process and room temperature of direct-reverse flotation process was tested for a mid-low grade calcium-silicon phosphate rock of Hubei.The results showed that:using single-reverse flotation process can gain the qualified phosphate concentrate which was P2O5 30.37%,MgO 0.36% and the recovery of P2O5 was 88.38%,and it was most economical,reagent fee was only 15.28 yuan per ton raw ore;if better quality of concentrate and higher recovery is hoped, double-reverse flotation process is recommended to use.It can gain the qualified phosphate concentrate P2O5 31.60%,MgO 0.43% and the recovery of P2O5 was 90.63%,while reagent fee was 23.40 yuan per ton raw ore;in contrast,direct-reverse flotation process had the general quality of concentrate,lower recovery,higher pharmacy cost and smaller grinding fineness,the qualified phosphate concentrate was P2O5 30.54%,MgO 0.70% and the recovery of P2O5 was 84.62%,reagent fee was 26.98 yuan per ton raw ore.


Increase of wages planned by trainmen in 1907, but not pressed because of the panic, 140. — New movement in 1909, 141. — The first attack came on the Baltimore & Ohio. Arbitration and award under the Erdman Act, 144. — Arbitration on the New York Central, and settlement on the same basis on other lines, 148. — Effects of "standardization"; inequalities remain, and are even accentuated, 151. — Connection between increase of wages and advance of freight rates; the trainmen exert pressure for higher rates, 157.


As a new marketing way, more and more enterprises begin to pay more attention to the direct marketing channel, in order to gain more market share and economic profit. In this paper, we introduced two parameters into to the pricing model of e-business supply chain, as direct channel service level and retail channel service level. Then construct the pricing model under stackelberg game, bertrand game and centralized decision mode. Through the comparison and analysis of the pricing models under different decision-making environment, we get the pricing strategy that manufacturers and retailers should take when they make service cooperation. Because manufacturers always get more profits in the stackleberg game, so manufacturers tend to choose the stakelberg game with the retailer.


ABSTRACT Producing food products from sweet potato flour are very feasible in worldwide due to wide availability, natural color, high-energy, low-protein, good biological activity in the human diet and low cost, as a result, become a key ingredient for the production of new products in the current global habitation. Sweet potato flours can be used for imparting desired properties, nutritional value, antioxidants, and natural color to processed foods and also used as thickeners and gelling agents. However, the paucity of information regarding the functional properties of the sweet potato flour greatly limits its exploitation. This review attempts at gathering data available on the functional properties of sweet potato flour, highlighting their unique properties and potential field of applications. A significant variation was observed in functional properties upon the variety and some processing methods. Also, the differences in the size of the granules and the various contents of starch, protein and amylose influenced functional characteristics such as viscosity, pasting temperature, gelatinization temperature, swelling power and solubility. The modified flours using steam and blanching are useful in food preparations to reduce paste thickness in food products such as confectioneries, as well as in pharmaceuticals industry as a drug binder and disintegrant as they exhibited high bulk density. Low-paste viscosity of the acetylated flour makes these flour to be used in formulations that require a high volume of solids. As thickening agents, enzymes modified that have high viscosity paste are good. The use of modified flours in food products would guarantee a suitable amount of digestible starch. This information can also be used to design protocols for the food processing industry, aiming at consumer's needs, such as diabetics and obese people who may benefit from low digestibility of starch. The range of characters and food developments observed makes the sweet potato flour amenable to different applications in food industries based on their properties. An awareness of their potential uses can help in large-scale cultivation of these crops and the production of flour from them.


When Shaw's death in 1950 led to "Shaw's Corner" in Ayot St. Lawrence, Hertfordshire (a small village near St. Albans just north of London), going to the National Trust, the question was what use could be made of this country retreat? The house was not all that impressive in its architecture and atmosphere, it was in a somewhat diffi cult-to-reach part of England, and this came at a time when England was still in recovery mode after World War II. Add to this that key members of the NT Board, such as


The analytical linear solution that predicts the steady-state drawdowns for a coupled two-aquifer system in which pumping from an underlying artesian aquifer is balanced by a reduction in evapotranspiration from an overlying water-table aquifer was developed. An example illustrating how the drawdown equations can be used to determine whether significant drawdowns will occur in the water-table aquifer is presented. These drawdown equations can be used for preliminary analysis and planning studies and to test the convergence of digital model solutions when these more sophisticated techniques are warranted. A major limitation to using these equations is that the predicted water-table drawdowns cannot be so great that evapotranspiration would cease altogether and, thus, could not be reduced any further to balance the pumping.


Our personal reasons are likely to be many. Some of us teach mathematics be cause we like to do mathematics, and teaching gives us an unparalleled op portunity to fulfill this desire. Others of us enjoy the successes that some of our students achieve when they become scien tists, engineers, aerospace experts, and the like. Many of us are mathematics teach ers because other preferred goals as phy sicists, chemists, actuaries, or engineers were not within our reach. Some of us enjoy the beauty of the structure of mathematics, and, like evangelists, we wish to excite others. Many of us savor those moments when we see the under standing of a concept we have tried so hard to develop dawn on some student or group of students, and we look forward to each day with the expectation of this. Whatever our personal reasons are for teaching mathematics, it is unfortunate that frequently they have little to do with the desire to meet the goals and needs of students. Why Do We Teach Mathematics? For too many teachers, mathematics instruction is a "show and tell" job. Since we have a reasonably good idea of the logical organization of mathematics, we try to develop that logical organization in students by essentially verbal methods. Mathematics becomes a game of proposi tion and symbol manipulation, with well defined rules and close officiating. In our concern with the details and rigor of the game, we too often forget the application and uses of mathematics. We may forget that man invented mathematics to help him solve problems, to help him under stand phenomena in the physical world, and to help him process information ob tained from physical, social, and cultural situations. When a person is allowed to learn mathematics, that is to abstract his own mathematical models from physical contexts, he develops concepts according to psychological principles, not according to logical rules. Inductive processes are used more frequently than deductive processes when discovering patterns in mathematics and forming mathematical concepts. Isn't it time we allowed more of our students the self-satisfaction and genuine thrill of putting together their own mathematical models in response to problems that are real to them?


TESTS TO DETERMINE THE COEFFICIENT OF FRICTION BETWEEN AUTOMOBILE TIRES AND ROAD SURFACES WERE MADE USING A TWO- WHEEL TRAILER CONNECTED TO A TOWING CAR THROUGH A HYDRAULIC DYNAMOMETER. ALL RUNS WERE MADE DURING RAINFALL, THE TEST SPEEDS WERE MAINTAINED THROUGHOUT THE APPLICATION OF THE BRAKE, AND DATA WERE OBTAINED TO DETERMINE THE ROLLING AND SLIDING COEFFICIENTS OF FRICTION. SMOOTH AND NONSKID TIRES WERE USED AND TESTS WERE MADE ON PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE, BRICK AND BITUMINOUS ROAD SURFACES AT SPEEDS OF FIVE TO FORTY-FIVE MILES PER HOUR. TWO IMPORTANT TRENDS SHOWN BY THESE TESTS ARE: THAT THE COEFFICIENTS OF FRICTION ON ALL ROAD SURFACES DECREASE WITH INCREASE OF SPEED; AND THAT THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE ROLLING AND SLIDING COEFFICIENTS INCREASES WITH INCREASE OF SPEED. THESE RELATIONS ARE VERY SIGNIFICANT FROM THE STANDPOINT OF SAFETY. IN THESE TESTS THE STRAIGHT AHEAD SLIDING COEFFICIENTS OF FRICTION BETWEEN NONSKID TREAD TIRES AND THE VARIOUS WET ROAD SURFACES TESTED AT THIRTY MILES PER HOUR RANGED AS FOLLOWS: BITUMINOUS CONCRETE 0.54 AND 0.42; SHEET ASPHALT 0.41; PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE 0.41; VERTICAL FIBER WIRE CUT BRICK WHITEWASHED BEFORE APPLICATION OF FILLER 0.52; VERTICAL FIBER WIRE CUT BRICK PARTIALLY COVERED WITH ASPHALT 0.23; REPRESSED BRICK TAR FILLER (NONE ABOVE SURFACE OF BRICK) 0.35; REPRESSED BRICK PARTIALLY COVERED WITH ASPHALT FILLER 0.24. THE RESULTS QUOTED APPLY ONLY TO THE SPECIFIC SURFACES TESTED AND SHOULD NOT BE ASSUMED TO BE TYPICAL OF ALL SURFACES IN THE VARIOUS CLASSES. /AUTHOR/


DURATION ANALYSIS AND MODELLING FOR TURKISH TEXT-TO-SPEECH SYNTHESIS Naturalness in TTS systems plays a big role in the acceptability of the TTS synthesis outputs. Rhythm, intonation, stress pattern, pitch and duration (timing) are the most important parameters which effect naturalness of the TTS system output. The task of the timing component in a TTS system is to compute duration information for sub-elements which are to be used in synthesis output. Duration modelling is a very challenging part of a TTS system since very little is known about the underlying process responsible for speech timing of humans. To analyze and model duration for Turkish TTS systems, spoken utterances of 1-words and sentences of an adult male are used which are recorded at high digital quality. Firstly, coverage of the Turkish by this spoken text corpus is investigated, which is found to be well enough. Afterwards, analysis of the durations of Turkish phonemes is done. Effects of factors that can be computed from text on the durations are found to determine which of them should be included in the duration models. To model duration, four models have been implemented. First two models use mean durations of the phonemes and mean durations of the triphones. Third model uses mean durations of the nodes of trees for triphones for duration prediction. The last model is an additive model where the effects of factors are found by regression analysis.


In view of the problems existed in the matching of bus powertrain system,a detailed optimization program was put forward.Based on the data acquired by field test,the multivariate statistics method was used to obtain the actual cycle condition of the urban bus.The AVL-cruise software was used to build the simulation model of the urban bus,and the validity of model and cycle condition were assured by testing analysis.After the model was validated correct,the powertrain's optimum matching method was proposed by the simulation calculation.


Under the background of the rapid economic development,the conflict between population,economy and ecological environment was more and more intensified.In this paper,the Guanzhong-Tianshui economic zone was chosen to study and calculate its coordinative degree of population,economic development and ecological environment by the coordinated function model of variation coefficient.It showed that the coordinative degree of population,economic development and ecological environment system presented a rise tendency in whole from 1999 to 2008.Such as Tianshui experienced the sharp-rising trendency and Xianyang,Baoji and Tongchuan showed a fluctuant increase tendency,while Xi'an was not obvious.The changes of factors of population,economic development and ecological environment system could effect the whole system.For instant,ecological environment subsystem in Xi'an had negative effect on the whole system,so it had restricted whole system's coordinated development.In space,coordinative degree of the middle areas were higher than others in Guanzhong-Tianshui Economic Zone.The coordinative degree of Weinan and Tianshui was always at low level.


Abstract Poly(1-trimethylsilyl-1-propyne) (PTMSP)—styrene (St) grafted films were obtained by a radiochemical method. St monomer vapors were absorbed by the PTMSP, and the grafting reaction was thereafter accomplished by Co60 gamma irradiation in a nitrogen atmosphere. The films so grafted were tested for nitrogen—oxygen separation. The performances of the membranes were studied as functions of time and percent of grafting. The PTMSP—St grafted membranes showed an increased selectivity factor and better stability in comparison with pure PTMSP. The experimental data and some SEM observations confirmed that the grafting procedure changes the PTMSP matrix structure, filling the voids responsible for the PTMSP permeability change with time.


The results of researches allow to recommend to use the ZSK leaven as a biological preserve at preparing a haylage from legumes


The utility model discloses a wedge-shaped saw tooth type cutting knife which is suitable for cutting stems and stalks of various woody plants and various herbaceous plants and crusts of nuts. The utility model is also suitable for processing various super thin wooden materials or drawing, cutting, sawing, chopping, milling, etc. similar wooden materials. The utility model has the technical scheme that a metal disk can be fixedly arranged at the center of the utility model. The utility model is characterized in that the outer edge of the disk is evenly distributed with wedge-shaped saw teeth, the cross sections of the wedge-shaped saw tee are in the shape of a wedge and are crossed into a wedge angle c on the outer edge of the cutting knife; the disk surface of the disk is provided with annular chip venting groove (6), the outer edge of the chip venting groove (6) is positioned at the waists of the wedge-shaped saw teeth. Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of narrow cutting seams, even cuts, smooth cut edges without stubbles, no remaining burrs, no burnt edges, fluent chip ventilation and high work efficiency during material processing. Besides, the utility model does not damage the integral structure of processing materials. The cutting knife can be arranged on various saws, milling machines and special machines and has a wide application foreground.


Saul Bellow enthusiastically explored the creative possibilities of globalization after World War II, imagining a space of creative freedom outside the boundaries of the nation-state. In so doing he helped to transform American Jewishness from a leftist culture rooted in working-class politics and racial alliances into a more syncretic, market-oriented form of identity. His major work of travel fiction, Henderson the Rain King, criticizes European colonial discourse and valorizes the hybrid cosmopolitan Dahfu, psychotherapist and African king, who acts as Henderson's intellectual mentor. Although antiracist in intent, Bellow's vision of travel-fueled 3 professional autonomy opposes collective movements for social change and nationalist resistance to imperialism, which helps to explain his neoconservative turn in the 1970s.


The purpose of this study was to determine failure patterns and clinicopathologic prognostic factors in patients with locally advanced buccal cancer after postoperative intensity‐modulated radiotherapy (IMRT).


A streaming model of traffic control in a telecommunication network is proposed, which provides a consistent solution to the following network problems: multipath routing; traffic profiling; dynamic distribution of the bandwidth of communication channels between user flows. Within the framework of the solutions obtained, the required values of such key indicators of the quality of service as the packet transmission rate, average delay and the probability of packet loss are provided. In general, the use of the solutions proposed in the article, as shown by the research results, made it possible to reduce denials of service on average from 60-75% to 80%, and also to reduce by 15-35% the permissible value of multipath packet delay without limiting the intensity input stream. From the point of view of the practical implementation of the developed model, it is worth noting that the greatest efficiency of its application is provided in conditions of multi-stream traffic of various classes of service with differentiated QoS requirements for a variety of indicators: transmission rate, average delay, and probability of packet loss.


There is a long history of simulation supporting space systems development. This includes relatively simple parametric simulations to more complex trajectory simulations to large scale integrated vehicle simulation. One area of relatively recent development is in the area of distributed or interoperable simulation. Distributed simulation has been in wide use by the US military for years but is being used more broadly in the aerospace community. To support large scale distributed simulation, the military community has developed a number of standards to support a-priori interoperability between large collections of disparate simulations. For example, the IEEE 1516 High Level Architecture (HLA) and the Real-time Platform Reference Federation Object Model (RPR FOM). While HLA is suitable for space systems, there are a number of design decisions made in the development of the RPR FOM that prevent it from working well for space applications. In order to address these deficiencies, the Simulation Interoperability Standards Organization (SISO) developed a new HLA-based interoperability standard to support the needs of complex space systems. This standard is the Space Reference Federation Object Model (SpaceFOM). This paper presents an overview of the SpaceFOM including the fundamentals of the SpaceFOM, the key features of the SpaceFOM, and how the SpaceFOM supports large scale distributed simulation of complex space systems.


The basic concepts of intrusion detection techniques are discussed.The key techniques and some problems existing in the current intrusion detection systems are analyzed.In order to solve these problems,this paper introduces several basic concepts of ART and puts forward an intrusion detection system model based on ART.At the last,an implementation case of this system is given.


Megaspore germination and embryo development in Azolla filiculoides was examined using SEM and thin–sectioning. Within the released megaspore apparatus, resting cells of the endosymbiont Anabaena azollae Stras. arc located distally to the outside of the mcgasporangial wall and adhering to the inside of the megasporocarp wall. Growth of the female gametophyte displaces the floats pushing this part of the wall (the indusial cap) upwards, so providing access to the archegonia for the multifiagellalc spermalozoids. Embryo development and its inoculation with Anabaena involves a subtly–timed sequence of events resulting in the perpetuation of the symbiosis. Growth of the lunnel–shaped cotyledon leaf ruptures the mcgasporangial wall to provide access and a channelled route between the Anabaena and embryo shoot apex; subsequent leaf development severely restricts such access. During this process, the Anabaena is dislodged by the cotyledon leaf and growth of the first leaf traps the now actively–dividing Anabaena colonv; this becomes established around subapical trichomes from where filaments become incorporated into the cavities of developing leaves. The voung sporophyte rises vertically to the water surface as a result of gas accumulation in intercellular spaces; at no stage do floats endow buoyancy.


The validity of the orthographic depth hypothesis (ODH) was examined in Hebrew by employing pointed (shallow) and unpointed (deep) print. Experiments 1 and 2 revealed larger frequency effects and larger semantic priming effects in naming with unpointed print than with pointed print. In Experiments 3 and 4, subjects were presented with Hebrew consonantal strings that were followed by vowel marks appearing at stimulus onset asynchronies ranging from 0 ms (simultaneous presentation) to 300 ms from the onset of consonant presentation. Subjects were inclined to wait for the vowel marks to appear even though the words could be named unequivocally using lexical phonology. These results suggested that prelexical phonology was the default strategy for readers in shallow orthographies, providing strong support for the ODH. Most early studies of visual word recognition were carried out in the English language. This state of affairs was partly due to an underlying belief that reading processes (as well as other cognitive processes) are universal, and therefore studies in English are sufficient to provide a complete account of the processes involved in recognizing printed words. In the last decade, however, studies in orthographies other than English have become more and more prevalent. These studies have in common the view that reading processes cannot be explained without considering the reader's linguistic environment in general, and the characteristics of his or her writing system in particular. Various writing system have evolved over time in different cultures. These writing systems, whether logographic, syllabic, or alphabetic, typically reflect the language's unique phonology and morphology, representing them in an effective way (Mattingly, 1992; Scheerer, 1986). The match between writing system and language insures a degree of efficiency for the reading and the writing process (for a discussion, see Katz &


This paper describes an R&D project aimed at experimentally validating a generic contact-dynamics toolkit in a Simulink based satellite docking simulator. The simulation software was developed to support the design and verification of the space station robotic systems and several satellite on-orbit robotic servicing systems. The hardware experiment was performed using an air-bearing supported docking testbed specially designed for testing different docking and capture mechanisms. Simulation model parameters were separately identified from the hardware. The simulation results compare favourably with the measured experimental data, which demonstrates the validity of the simulator and increases the confidence of using the simulator for design of various robotics-based satellite servicing missions such as the shuttle-return-to- flight, orbital express, and the potential hubble telescope robotic repair missions


Full Term video film (9 minutes) exploring last stages of pregnancy.
The film was presented as a part of the Egg the Womb the Head and the Moon exhibition at Artsmill in Hebden Bridge (May 2014), 1+1 (2014) exhibition at Galerija Kazamat in Osijek, Croatia, at TaPRA conference in Worcester (2015) and at Odgajanje buducnosti (Bringing up the Future) exhibition at SC Gallery at University of Zagreb (2017).


The peer-to-peer (P2P) paradigm has recently shown promise in enhancing performance and decreasing costs of classical client/server Video-on-Demand (VoD) systems. Since current P2P VoD designs began with BitTorrent concepts and its school of thought, little is known about the limits of such systems in a collaborative environment. In this paper we investigate how local knowledge about neighbors' playback positions and advanced upload strategies can be used to reach these limits. Our design can be used not only to increase average user experience in terms of playback continuity but also to have more resilience against churn and flash crowds even with modest server resources. Extensive simulations support the feasibility of our approach, which, with low overhead, allows for achieving high performance and low server utilization.


Synthesis and structural characterization of a turbostratically disordered polymorph of (PbSe)1.18(TiSe2)2 is reported. The structure of this compound consists of an intergrowth between one distorted rock salt structured PbSe bilayer and two transition metal dichalcogenide structured Se–Ti–Se trilayers. In addition to the lattice mismatch, there is extensive rotational disorder between these constituents. The electrical resistivity of (PbSe)1.18(TiSe2)2 is a factor of 9 lower at room temperature, and the Seebeck coefficient is almost double that reported for the crystalline misfit layered compound analogue.


Various features ofEbstein's disease, an unusual congenital malformation ofthetricuspid valve, are discussed briefly. Cardiac catheterization withtheuse ofan electrode catheter insucha case isdescribed. Thepathophysiologic changes as illustrated by simultaneous intracardiac potentials andpressures are discussed. E BSTEIN'Sdisease isa congenital malformation and displacement of the tricuspid valve, inwhichthe3leaflets ofthe valvearedisplaced distally and attached directly to theventricular wall.1-3 Frequently individual leaflets cannotbeidentified andarerepresented onlybyremnants ofa basket-like arrangement offibers and cords.Thedeformed valvedivides theright ventricle into2chambers-a distal oneinthe region oftheright ventricular outflow tract withwallsofnormalthickness andaproximalgrossly dilated chamberwithmarkedly thinwalls uponwhichthetricuspid valve or itsrepresentatives areadherent. Thisproximalchamber iscontinuous withadilated and generally hypertrophied rightatrium.In mostcasesan interatrial septal defect or patent foramen ovale ispresent. A clinical picture hasevolved sothatone maysuspect thediagnosis withahighdegree ofaccuracy during life.1 3-7On occasions, however, thepicture maybeconfused with acquired tricuspid or mitral valvular disease, pulmonic stenosis withinteratrial septal defect, orpericardial effusion. Indeed, operations havebeenperformed inadvertently in thepastinpatients withEbstein 'sdisease withdireresults." 4,8,10


Using an asymmetric dynamic conditional correlations (ADCC) generalised auto-regressive conditional heteroskedacity (GARCH) framework, the present study explores the possible contagion effects between financial and the fine wines markets during the period of 2003 to 2014. Our results are manifold. Firstly, we demonstrate that the different wine indices are not affected in the same way by financial market volatility. Secondly, it seems that the choice of the financial index selected strongly influences the identification of the contagion effects. Thirdly, we emphasise a proximity or regional effect mediating the contagion transmission of financial market volatility to fine wines indices. Finally, our study reinforces the possible alternative asset nature of fine wines.


\I0LLGAARD brought forward the chemical and experimental work relating to sanocrysin in 1924 and he was able at the same time to give Secher's results of the first clinical trials in man. Investigations were initiated without delay and carried on with enthusiasm in many parts of the world. Ten years should, in these circumstances, be sufficient to demonstrate the efficacy of a method of treatment in a disease as common as pulmonary tuberculosis. Unfortunately no unanimity of opinion has been reached. Those who see a tuberculous basis in diseases so widely apart as rheumatoid arthritis and dementia prscox, would use it in almost all illness to which human nature is heir. Others, even in pulmonary tuberculosis, consider it more advantageous to place the gold in the patient's pockets rather than in his veins. And between these two extremes many shades of opinion or differences of practice exist, as regards indications, mode of application, and results obtained. My remarks to-day are not based on experience gained in treating patients myself, but on observations made as the result of personal contact with several European workers. After sketching the outlines of past experimental work, I propose to review briefly the guiding principles of sanocrysin therapy in the centres I visited, and in the light of these, attempt to present conclusions as to indications and mode of application. Experimental Work


Extreme rainfall has been linked to waterborne disease outbreaks, implicating storm runoff as a source of fecal contamination (Heinonen-Tanski and UusiKamppa, 2001; Mallin et al., 2000; Weiskel et al., 1996). Analysis of data from 1948 to 1994 yielded over 500 waterborne disease incidents (133 involved surface water) and showed a statistically significant association between the incidents and extreme storm events (Curriero et al., 2001). The surface water outbreaks tended to occur within a month of the storm, and monitoring confirmed that coliform bacteria levels rise dramatically during or immediately following storm events (Hyland et al., 2003; Marsalek and Rochfort, 2004). Coliform bacteria are typically not harmful to humans, but they are monitored as indicator organisms to detect the possible presence of fecal contamination and human health risks. Sediment layers have been documented to harbor large populations of coliforms that exceed counts in the overlying water column (Howell et al., 1996; Matson et al., 1978; Pettibone et al., 1996), consistent with the sediment layer functioning as a reservoir of viable organisms (Evanson and Ambrose, 2006). Studies comparing coliforms in the water column and underlying sediment of rivers, wetlands and coastal areas report that bacteria survive longer in sediments than in the water (Anderson et al., 2005; Burton et al., 1987; Craig et al., 2003; Davies et al., 1995). Edge and Hill (2007) conclude that foreshore sand can act as an E. coli reservoir which can contribute to E. coli contamination of beach waters. When detachment or resuspension due to turbulence and scouring returns them to the water column (Howell et al., 1996; Jamieson et al., 2003; Wilkinson et al., 1995), their contribution to surface water counts can be significant. And even though E. coli can replicate in sterilized riverine sediment (Desmarais et al., 2002), Kinzelman et al. (2004) report that replication of E. coli found in foreshore and submerged sand at a site along Lake Michigan did not appear to contribute to overall E. coli levels in water. Most reports of sediment coliforms and resuspension phenomena come from study sites where there are large benthic disturbances such as dredging (Grimes, 1975), from coastal and estuarine studies where tidal forces, recreational uses, or controlled water releases from reservoirs can cause relatively large shifts in drag forces on the sediment (An et al., 2002; Crabill et al., 1999; Henson et al., 2007; Pettibone et al., 1996; Solo-Gabriele et al., 2000), or from studies in which the bed sediment was disturbed by artificial flooding or mechanical sediment disturbance (Bai and Lung, 2005; McDonald et al., 1982; Nagels et al., 2002; Sherer et al., 1988). Direct comparisons of water and sediment coliform counts over a long period of time at natural, undisturbed stream systems have not been performed. J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol., 54, 173‒179 (2008)


The key problem which has stemmed from our present pecuniary explanation of the use of steel piles in all of the waterfront terminuses and in and on sea structures like oil rigs, columns for bridges etc. is the corrosion of the piles in sea water. Timber piling has its insect problem, and steel has the corrosion problem. But due to greater strength and durability steel is mostly selected. Steel being an alloy having most of its content as iron, it is prone to rust and corrosion and as the sea water is salty in nature the rate of corrosion increases and so regular maintenance cost increases. In the following paper, we will be discussing Piles in sea and corrosion, acting on it with a case study.


The deployment of ICT mobility related services can help to address the challenge raised by urban transport. In this regard ITS will be of major importance in securing future sustainable mobility against a background of mounting economic, environmental, and societal pressure. The provision of information can encourage more sustainable urban mobility behavior and at the same time a more efficient use of existing resources (energy, infrastructure, and vehicles). ICT can enable the full integration of the urban mobility system, which means integrating collective and private modes of transport (including public and private vehicles). The integration of services of different kinds and sectors is enabled by ICT and allows for the emergence of Smart Cities. A Smart City uses data, information and communication technologies strategically to: provide more efficient, new or enhanced services to citizens; monitor and track governmentrs progress toward policy outcomes, including meeting climate change mitigation and adaptation goals; manage and optimize the existing infrastructure, and plan for new more effectively; reduce organizational silos and employ new levels of cross-sector collaboration; and enable innovative business models for public and private sector service provision. The main objective of the study was to perform an analysis on how ICT applications can contribute to the optimization of mobility within the recently emerging European Smart Cities. The study intended to define strategic research and innovation agendas, identify gaps between current ICT infrastructure and identified needs and describing the roles and responsibilities of partners for supporting fast ICT take-up.


Osteonecrosis of the jaws (ONJ) is a devastating complication of potent antiresorptive medications utilized for benign and malignant disorders of bone metabolism. Bisphosphonate related ONJ (BRONJ) was first identified in 2003 and 2004, and its prevalence is reported between 0.8–12%. Although significant progress has been made in our understanding of the disease, much more work needs to be done to completely explain its pathophysiology. Many hypotheses have been proposed, which have sparked empirically‐based treatment modalities. It is most likely that the pathophysiology of ONJ is multifactorial, where inflammation/infection and inhibition of bone remodeling are necessary for development of the disease. This presentation will present current evidence for ONJ pathophysiology, and prevention and treatment approaches that can be implemented in the dental office.


Your lesson is going well with high levels of engagement noticeable by the quiet 'oohhs' and 'aahhs' from students as they dive into the activities. From the corner of your eye you notice Sam and Tony squabbling over something. For the past few minutes they have been playing Keepings Off. Sam took Tony's USB stick and hid it, so as payback Tony took Sam's ruler and won't give it back. As you drift over to their work area you are alarmed to witness Sam twisting Tony's ear and saying loudly 'give it back!' Before you can intervene Tony has reacted to the ear twisting and his elbow hits Sam in the head. If relationships are important in your classroom what happens next? How do you put the school's values into action and teach these two young people the best lesson possible? How do you manage your own emotions?


The present study analyzed whether and how students working in the collaborative learning environment (Future Learning Environment, FLE2) were able to share their design process with the intended user of the product. Six teams of first-year university-level textile students (N=24) participated in design course, in which they solved an authentic design task -- designing bags of EuroCSCL conference. The methods of social network analysis were applied to study interaction between all participants. A qualitative content analysis was carried out by analyzing the interaction between statements posted to the FLE2 database by two of the design teams. The results indicated that in the case of more successful group, the expert user took a role of co-designer by participating in the design process through evaluating ideas produced by students.


Identifying dialogue acts of an utterance has an important role in various tasks of natural language processing, such as dialogue systems and summarization. In this paper, we describe an annotation task of dialogue acts based on an existing tag set for a Japanese multi-party conversation corpus and evaluate agreement scores between annotators. Then, we propose a method that identifies dialogue acts for an input utterance by using the classifier's outputs for each dialogue act tag. We apply utterance features and audio-visual features for the dialogue act classification. We also evaluate the effectiveness of our dialogue act annotation through a summarization task.


Gaze-based interaction techniques have been investigated for the last two decades, and in many cases the evaluation of these has been based on trials with able-bodied users and conventional usability criteria, mainly speed and accuracy. The target user group of many of the gaze-based techniques investigated is, however, people with different types of physical disabilities. We present the outcomes of two studies that compare the performance of two groups of participants with a type of physical disability (one being cerebral palsy and the other muscular dystrophy) with that of a control group of able-bodied participants doing a task using a particular gaze interaction technique. One study used a task based on dwell-time selection, and the other used a task based on gaze gestures. In both studies, the groups of participants with physical disabilities performed significantly worse than the able-bodied control participants. We question the ecological validity of research into gaze interaction intended for people with physical disabilities that only uses able-bodied participants in evaluation studies without any testing using members of the target user population.


Proposed method for the synthesis of information extreme classifier of images with rough binary encoding of sparse histogram of frequency of occurrence of visual words, to provide a computationally efficient decision rules by small volume dataset with reliability which approaches boundary maximum value Improved method based on population search to adjust parameters of the extractor features that allows you to get the best value in the information and cost meaning of the parameters functioning system recognition of images in a few iterations of the algorithm work. This experiment shows the advantage of the use swarm algorithm for scanning images, which is three-fold increase in performance compared to known algorithms RASW and ESS. The practical value of the results is to obtain well-functioning designing algorithms capable of learning image recognition, which operates under conditions of resource limitations and information.


The two title compounds, C 22 H 28 S and C 23 H 30 OS, respectively, have almost identical molecular structures, but different crystal structures. The two parts of each molecule are approximately perpendicular to each other, with S...γH distances of 3.06 and 3.02A, respectively, suitable for H-atom abstraction in photochemical reactions.


The paper focuses on the emergence of the megacity/postmodern city and argues that its conceptualisation as space must break with notions of linear development and homogenous temporality in the analysis of urban socialities and in the application of centralised forms of governance to the regulation of such spaces. I draw attention to diasporic settlements, the co-habitation of different temporalities and spatialities, the emergence and the co-existence of discrepant imaginaries and ways of being. There are implications for issues of identity, biopolitics, and for cultural analysis.


Background: Hepatitis virus infection is one of the most prevalent public health problems in developing countries. Hepatitis B (HBV) and Hepatitis C (HCV) viruses are main causative agents of chronic liver disease. This co-infection has been detected among patients with severe chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and inactive HBV infection. Hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection occurs either as a co-infection or super-infection in HBV carriers. Early screening of clinically diagnosed cases of viral hepatitis is essential for establishing diagnosis and treatment to prevent long term sequelae. About 380 million persons worldwide carry HBV and among them 5% have delta hepatitis. In association with HBV, HDV produces significantly more severe illness than HBV alone. Hepatic encephalopathy and fulminant hepatic failure were also common in HBV and HDV infected patients compared to those with HBV alone. Aims and Objectives: To find the rate of prevalence of HCV and HDV co-infections in patients with HBV infection in a tertiary care hospital. To do a comparative study of the rate of prevalence of hepatitis viral coinfections among male and female gender groups and also in patients with chronic and acute liver diseases. Materials and Methods: A total of 500 Venous blood samples were collected basing on the inclusion criteria and serum was separated and preserved at -20°C. The samples were tested for detecting HBV, HCV, and HDV markers by ELISA method, for HDV detection, HBV positive samples alone were considered. A total of 40 (8%) samples were HBsAg positive, followed by HCV 12 (2.4%), co-infection with HBV and HCV is 2 (0.4%) and 1(0.2%) with HCV and HIV co-infection. Conclusion: According to our study even though single infections are common, co-infections are seen more in age group of above 50yrs which may increase the risk of developing a chronic infection.


Three watersheds at the University of California's Sierra Foothill Research and Extension Center (SFREC), Marysville, Calif. were selected to study cattle grazing effects on the vegeta - tion surrounding cold-water springs and their downslope creeks. Three spring-creek systems from each of 3 watersheds were ran- domly assigned to grazing treatments (9 total). Treatments were ungrazed, lightly grazed (1,500 kgha -1 residual dry matter), and moderately grazed (1,000 kgha -1 residual dry matter) based on degree of use in upland pastures encircling the spring-creek sys - tems. Total herbaceous cover at springs varied significantly among the 6 years only once (greater in 1994 than all others) covarying with previous year's rainfall. Grazing intensity did not affect total herbaceous cover at springs. A year X grazing treat - ment interaction (P<0.05) was detected for total herbaceous cover at spring-fed creeks. Three years after grazing removal, total herbaceous cover on ungrazed creek plots surpassed cover at moderately grazed and lightly grazed plots. Moderately grazed plot herbaceous cover declined steadily throughout the first 3 years, while lightly grazed cover remained relatively sta - ble. Plant community composition and stability by year and graz - ing treatment were analyzed with TWINSPAN. With few excep- tions, stable plant communities persisted on sites regardless of grazing intensity or cover changes. Total herbaceous cover was sensitive to interannual fluctuations, especially under increased grazing intensities. This attribute renders cover a more useful gauge of ecosystem health than plant composition as the latter may not provide evidence of potentially deleterious grazing X cli - mate interactions until after soil erosion or water table charac- teristics are seriously, perhaps permanently, altered.


The growing number of lawsuits against obstetricians gives rise to great concern to society, and it is important that an analysis be done of the profile of the legal processes so that preventive measures can be adopted and also so that experts can better understand what the current understanding is of the judges, in order for justice to be done appropriately. We analyzed 86 decisions of the Court of Justice of the State of São Paulo that had been deliberated in the years 2009 and 2010, involving litigation cases for alleged malpractice in obstetrics. The objectives were to evaluate the profile of civil claims of alleged malpractice in obstetrics, analyzing the impact of expert opinion on the sentence, the main causes of dispute, the profile of the defendants and the current understanding of the judge and an average of the value of the law suits, when owed, in the state of São Paulo in 2009 and 2010. The major reasons for the processes were stillbirth and neonatal anoxia. The main defendants involved in the process were hospitals and health insurances companies. The major sentences are arbitrated in cases where there were sequelae of fetal anoxia. Medical expertise was used as the basis for the judgments in 79.06% of cases, and in cases of fetal anoxia, it was the basis for 100% of the sentences. It was concluded that owing to the complexity of the cases, medical expertise plays a key role in judicial decisions, decisively influencing the sentences. It is therefore of utmost importance that the medical expert is aware of the profile of the processes and the current understanding of the judge in order to improve their reports and respond adequately to the expectation of the judiciary.


Teleoperation is the dominant form of dexterous robotic tasks in the field. However, there are many use cases in which direct teleoperation is not feasible such as disaster areas with poor communication as posed in the DARPA Robotics Challenge or robot operations on spacecraft far from Earth. Presented is a solution that combines the Affordance Template Framework for object interaction with TaskForce for supervisory control in order to accomplish high-level task objectives with basic autonomous behavior from the robot. This framework has allowed the robot to take corrective actions before requesting assistance from the user. This work is demonstrated with Robonaut 2 removing a Cargo Transfer Bag from a simulated logistics resupply vehicle for spaceflight using a single operator command. This was executed with 80% success with no human involvement and 95% success with limited human interaction. This technology sets the stage to do any number of high-level tasks using a similar framework, allowing the robot to accomplish tasks with minimal to no human interaction.


Aims: Spinocerebellar ataxia type 6 (SCA6) is a late onset autosomal dominantly inherited ataxic disorder, which belongs to the group of CAG repeat, or polyglutamine, diseases. Although, it has long been regarded as a 'pure' cerebellar disease, recent clinical studies have demonstrated disease signs challenging the view that neurodegeneration in SCA6 is confined to the well‐known lesions in the cerebellum and inferior olive. Methods: We performed a systematic pathoanatomical study throughout the brains of three clinically diagnosed and genetically confirmed SCA6 patients. Results: This study confirmed that brain damage in SCA6 goes beyond the known brain predilection sites. In all of the SCA6 patients studied loss of cerebellar Purkinje cells and absence of morphologically intact layer V giant Betz pyramidal cells in the primary motor cortex, as well as widespread degeneration of brainstem nuclei was present. Additional damage to the deep cerebellar nuclei was observed in two of three SCA6 patients. Conclusions: In view of the known functional role of affected central nervous grey components it is likely that their degeneration at least in part is responsible for the occurrence of a variety of SCA6 disease symptoms.


Abstract A technically simple method is described for the separation of bone sodium, potassium, and calcium by the use of a cation exchange resin in a column. The recovery of sodium is between 98 and 102 per cent, of potassium between 93 and 95 per cent.


Establishing statistical distributions of the response extremes is of particular importance for the design of FPSO mooring systems and the related riser design. Long term time domain simulation is the most accurate design approach to determine the extreme responses. It involves, however, coupled dynamic analysis of FPSO mooring system for a large number of sea states and consequently the task is often prohibitively time consuming. To solve this problem, an approach for the long term extreme analysis based on a metamodel in conjunction with the design of experiment methodology is proposed in the paper. In this approach, Latin Hypercube Sampling (LHS) based on the design of experiment method, is performed to select a sub-set of sea states from all sea states. Short term distributions for this sub-set of sea states are simulated and estimated. Kriging metamodel, which can map the relations between the sea states characteristics and the short term distribution parameters, is then applied. The accuracy of the metamodel is investigated. The long term response distribution of moored FPSO systems for all sea states can be predicted based on the metamodel. This approach for the long term extreme analysis of FPSO mooring systems avoids the response analysis over all sea states and can greatly improve the computational efficiency of the long term extreme analysis of FPSO mooring systems.


The signal model of quartz micro-machined gyroscopes was analyzed.A digital demodulation system for quartz micro-machined gyroscopes was proposed and realized to enable flexible parameter adjustment,improve the performance of gyroscopes and compensate the error.The output signal and drive signal of gyroscope were digitized,and the pointing type digital signal processor(DSP) was used to demodulate the signal of gyroscope.The detection of angular signal from quartz micro-machined gyroscope was realized.


The functional properties of the auditory midbrain, inferior colliculus (IC), plays a critical role in James Simmons's SCAT model of target ranging by echolocation. This SCAT model is based solely on the big brown bat producing frequency-modulated (FM) sonar calls. By contrast, there has been very limited knowledge on how the auditory midbrain may encode target ranging information in bats that produce constant-frequency (CF) sonar calls. Here, we conducted single-unit recordings from the auditory midbrain of passively listening Hipposideros armiger using naturalistic echolocation sequences. We created echolocation sequences from recordings taken from individual bats swung on a moving pendulum that evokes Doppler shift compensation (DSC) of their sonar vocalizations. Our preliminary data revealed a population of IC neurons selectively responded to DSC information in the sequences. To our surprise, we did not find neurons that encode echo delays. Considering published data on FM bats, these results suggest that the functional role of auditory midbrain for echolocation may be distinct between FM bats and CF-FM bats.


The usage of non-scripted lecture videos as a part of learning material is becoming an everyday activity in most of higher education institutions due to the growing interest in flexible and blended education. Generally these videos are delivered as part of Learning Objects (LO) through various Learning Management Systems (LMS). Currently creating these video learning objects (VLO) is a cumbersome process. Because it requires thorough analyses of the lecture content for meta-data extraction and the extraction of the structural information for indexing and retrieval purposes. Current e-learning systems and libraries (such as libSCORM) lack the functionally for exploiting semantic content for automatic segmentation. Without the additional meta-data and structural information lecture videos thus do not provide the required level of interactivity required for flexible education. As a result, they fail to captivate students' attention for long time and thus their effective use remains a challenge. Exploiting visual actions present in non-scripted lecture videos can be useful for automatically segmenting and extracting the structure of these videos. Such visual cues help identify possible key frames, index points, key events and relevant meta-data useful for e-learning systems, video surrogates and video skims. We therefore, propose a multi-model action classification system for four predefined actions performed by instructor in lecture videos. These actions are writing, erasing, speaking and being idle. The proposed approach is based on human shape and motion analysis using motion history images (MHI) at different temporal resolutions allowing robust action classification. Additionally, it augments the visual features classification based on audio analysis which is shown to improve the overall action classification performance. The initial experimental results using recorded lecture videos gave an overall classification accuracy of 89.06%. We evaluated the performance of our approch to template matching using correlation and similitude and found nearly 30% improvement over it. These are very encouraging results that prove the validity of the approach and its potential in extracting structural information from instructional videos.


This study is designed to solve the cause of conflict between the redevelopment organizing committee and the owners of apartment units who, among the...


Ethnic minority cultural tourism is a very complex social activity,involving various fields and levels of all types of people.From Marx inter-subjective perspective,all links during the process of cultural tourism reflected the interaction among different subjects,however,from a holistic point of view,all the people are subject and face the common object-minority culture.The paper analyzes the constraints on the sustainable development of minority cultural tourism come from tourist,tour guides,government and tourist enterprise,community residents,and proposed countermeasures from enhancing the taste of cultural tourists,improving quality of tour guides,improving and standardize the ideas and behaviors in product development of government and tourist enterprise,especially arousing culture consciousness of community residents for they are the creator of the minority culture.


Two studies explored interpersonal and action-control aspects of guilt. Both spontaneous and partner-induced guilt were studied using first-person accounts of interpersonal transgressions and guilt manipulations. Guilt was associated with transgressions against valued partners in close relationships, especially involving interpersonal neglect, unfilled obligations, and selfish actions. Feeling guilty was associated with higher rates of learning lessons, changing subsequent behavior, apologizing, confessing the transgression, and recognizing how a relationship partner's standards and expectations differ from one's own. Inducing guilt also appears to be a costly but effective way of influencing the behavior of relationship partners. The results support the view of guilt as a mechanism that alters behavior in the service of maintaining good interpersonal relationships.


Six 4,5-di(4′-carboxylphenyl)phthalic acid (H4DCP) based coordination polymers (CPs), namely {[Ni(1,4-bib)(HDCP)2(H2O)2]0.5[Ni(1,4-bib)(H2O)4]·2H2O}n (1), [Ni(H2DCP)(1,4-bidb)2(H2O)]n (2), [Co2(DCP)(1,3-bib)]n (3), {[Co2(DCP)(1,4-bidb)2]·2H2O}n (4), [Co(H2DCP)(4,4′-bibp)]n (5), and [Co2(DCP)(4,4′-bibp)2]n (6), were synthesized under hydrothermal conditions in the presence of bis(imidazole) bridging linkers (1,3-bib = 1,3-bis(imidazol-1-yl)benzene, 1,4-bib = 1,4-bis(imidazol-1-yl)benzene, 1,4-bidb = 1,4-bis(imidazol-1-yl)-2,5-dimethyl benzene, 4,4′-bibp = 4,4′-bis(imidazol-1-yl)biphenyl). Their structures have been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis and further characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectra, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), and thermogravimetric (TG) analysis. Single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that complex 1 is a cocrystal consisting of two independent chains. Complex 2 exhibits a traditional 2-fold 66-dia parallel entangled network. Complex 3 displays a novel 3D binodal (5,7)-connected net based on binuclear {Co2} units with the Schlafli symbol (3·44·54·6)(32·48·58·63). Complex 4 shows a 2-fold binodal (4,4)-connected bbf net with the point symbol (64·86)(66)2. Complex 5 affords a 2D (44·62)-sql net constructed from {Co2} dinuclear units. Complex 6 displays a novel (3,8)-connected architecture with the Schlafli point symbol (42·5)2(44·510·68·74·82) based on {Co4(COO)6} SBUs. Magnetic studies indicate complexes 3 and 6 exhibit weak ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic properties, respectively.


Despite the large variety of research interests and themes motivating the current neutron research included in this collection, we have found common denominators characterising the manner in which the chosen research methodology tries to tackle the envisaged scientific questions. This article attempts to characterise those trends in current research with the aim of identifying the main mid-to-long term opportunities faced by electron-Volt neutron spectroscopy. The main realisation from this exercise is that the scientific community seems eager to combine neutron-based techniques over a broad energy range. To this end, the most natural choice seems to be to resort to neutron instruments where such capabilities are already present from the outset, with the most prominent example being the VESUVIO spectrometer at the ISIS pulsed neutron and muon source in the UK. However broad the operational basis of the existing neutron beamline infrastructure may be, progress, achievable only through further instrument upgrades, is the only way forward. The need to move forward is clearly seen within the community and is well documented by the research presented in this collection. This need for a substantial upgrade has crystallised in the form of a proposition to build a station rather than a conventional beamline, for Epithermal and Thermal Neutron Analysis station, hereafter ETNA.


Off-label is a term used in which a  drug prescribed outside the official information of the marketing authorization.  Off-label prescribing may occur as the result of several factors including  lack of clinical trials data involving pediatrics and suitable formulations for medicines commonly prescribed to this fragile population. Objective: This study aimed to estimate the nature and prevalence of off-label prescribing in pediatric inpatients with pneumonia. Material and Methods: a retrospective study was conducted in a study hospital using medical records from pediatric inpatients with pneumonia during the period of January-December 2015. Patient and prescribing data were collected, and drugs were classified as on-label or off-label based on the Indonesia National Drug Information (IONI) and British National Formulary for Children (BNFC). Thereafter, off-label drugs were categorized with a hierarchical system of age, indication, route of administration and dosage. Results: There were 1141 drugs with 77 different types of drug were administered to 207 patient during the study period. The data uncovered that 405 (35,5%) of the drug prescriptions were used off-label based on IONI, and 319 (28%) of the drug were used off-label based on BNFC. Based on IONI and BNFC, most off-label drugs were from anti infection drugs. Conclusion: The prevalence of off-label use in pediatric inpatients with pneumonia is not high. The off-label prescribing may not be necessarily  be considered irrational, yet this fact reveals that the use of drugs does not comply with the drug label. Clinical trials for pediatric drugs are essential to provide  complete product information for pediatric use.


Magnesium-potassium phosphate cements (MPCs) are chemically-bonded ceramics which set at room temperature through an acid-base reaction in presence of water, between MgO and an acid potassium phosphate. They attracted interest for a countless number of applications, ranging from nuclear waste encapsulation [1], bone repair [2], dentistry and in civil engineering as eco-sustainable fast repair materials for damaged structures [3]. During the reaction, a crystalline magnesium-potassium phosphate hydrate (MgKPO4·6H2O) forms by progressive incorporation of water, according to the following reaction:


It is difficult for a conventional linear isolator including an elastic element in parallel with a damper to prevent the low frequency vibration band. Hence, this work will design, analysis and simulate a variable stiffness nonlinear isolator (VSNI) with air spring. The main feature of the VSNI is that the isolated object is supported by a mechanism including wedge-roller-air spring (named the main mechanism-MM) meanwhile the model of VSNI can obtain the lower resonance frequency and the higher vibration attenuation than the equivalent linear isolation model (ELIM) but guarantee the load bearing capacity through introducing a cam-roller-air spring (named auxiliary mechanism-AM). Because the pressure in air springs is the key parameter which is used to adjust the stiffness of the MM and AM, the influences of the pressure on the restoring force and the dynamic response of the VSNI are presented. Furthermore, the effect of the isolated load on the isolation response of the VSNI is investigated. For this purpose, the complex stiffness of the air spring will be analyzed. Next, the motion equation of the system will be built. The numerical simulation of the vibration transmissibility of the proposed model will be performed through fourth-order Runge-Kutta algorithm.


A new method of constructing elliptic finite-gap solutions of the stationary Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) hierarchy, based on a theorem due to PICARD, is illustrated in the concrete case of the Lame-Ince potentials -s(s + 1) ρ(z), se (ρ(.) the elliptic Weierstrass function). Analogous results are derived in the context of the stationary modified Korteweg-de Vries (mKd V) hierarchy for the first time.


A longitudinal stress reinforcement of a laminate is rationally laid out. Pre-stressed concrete laminate of a truss of reinforced concrete with full anti-cracking ability includes a prefabricated layer (1), a laminated layer (2) above the prefabricated layer (1), the truss of reinforced concrete arranged between the prefabricated layer and the laminated layer, which consists of a lower-chord reinforcement (3), an upper-chord reinforcement (5) and a web member. The lower-chord reinforcement (3) is arranged below the prefabricated layer (1). The upper-chord reinforcement (5) is arranged in the laminated layer (2). A lower part of the laminated layer is provided with a steel reinforcement in another direction (4) inter-distributing with the lower-chord reinforcement. The laminated layer is provided with an additional reinforcement inter-distributing with the lower-chord reinforcement in the same plane, forming a network structure. The lower part of the prefabricated layer is provided with a pre-stressed steel reinforcement (8) running parallel to the lower-chord reinforcement. The lower-chord reinforcement (3), the pre-stressed steel reinforcement and the steel reinforcement in another direction (4) in the same plane form a network structure. The utility model fits to be used as a floor.