In order to evaluate the growth performance of broiler chickens at two different facilities, conventional aviaries (with positive ventilation) and avian dark house (with negative ventilation dark curtain), this study was conducted, from data field of a poultry company located in a region with a warm climate in state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Was evaluated the performance of broilers by body weight, weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion, mortality and incidence of foot calluses. The results showed that broilers reared in dark house sheds system presented better performances for final weight, weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion. Significant reduction in the incidence of foot callus of chickens reared in conventional sheds. Regarding mortality while creating, there was no significant difference between the two technologies. So the best system, regarding zootechnical results for the keeping of chickens in hot region is the dark house system.


The course of investigations of bioactive compounds like bacterial pigments from the marine environment has greatly expanded in the recent decades. Despite the huge concern in secluding and collecting marine bacteria, microbial metabolites are progressively alluring to science due to their wide ranging applications in various fields, particularly those with distinctive color pigments. This review is a short appraisal of the studies undertaken over the past 5 years on the bacterial pigments sourced from the marine environment. Herein, we have reviewed the potential of different bacterial species isolated from marine environment in diverse studies that are producing bioactive pigments that have potential commercial applications.


With the adding emphasis on the fresh products quality, the competition among suppliers has been expanded from pure price competition to the competition of the quality and price of fresh products. By introducing the price impact coefficient and the influence coefficient of quality of two variables, this paper analyzes the game equilibrium of a supply chain respectively in the centralized, decentralized and coordination decision-making model. Through numerical analysis, the paper analyzes the retailers, manufacturers and the change of each decision variable value of the supply chain. The results indicate that the price of sales and the quality of fresh food are related to the variables in the three different decision-making model, and when the revenue sharing coefficient and cost coefficient are in a rational range, after revenue sharing cost sharing contract is coordinated, retailers must pay fixed costs to compensate for manufacturers. The whole supply chain profit is greater than the decentralized decision-making gains after the coordination.


Laboratory comparisons of nozzles that could be used to apply crop protection herbicides with a conventional ground sprayer were performed. Water sensitive paper (wsp) was placed under the simulated spray boom to collect spray droplets from each nozzle treatment. DropletScan™ software was used to analyze the wsp and determine differences in percent area coverage (PAC), deposition (GPA), and droplet size (DV0.5).


Sentiment analysis is an important task in the field of Nature Language Processing (NLP), in which users' feedback data on a specific issue are evaluated and analyzed. Many deep learning models have been proposed to tackle this task, including the recently-introduced Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) model. In this paper, we experiment with two BERT fine-tuning methods for the sentiment analysis task on datasets of Vietnamese reviews: 1) a method that uses only the [CLS] token as the input for an attached feed-forward neural network, and 2) another method in which all BERT output vectors are used as the input for classification. Experimental results on two datasets show that models using BERT slightly outperform other models using GloVe and FastText. Also, regarding the datasets employed in this study, our proposed BERT fine-tuning method produces a model with better performance than the original BERT fine-tuning method.


Abstract : This study was initiated to evaluate the feasibility of utilizing a common biomass (energy wood) system to produce energy for use at NASA's National Space Technology Laboratories (NSTL) and the proposed Mississippi Army Ammunition Plant (MSAAP) to be established at NSTL. The study investigated: the form and quantity of energy required at NSTL and MSAAP; the amount and characteristics of the available energy wood supply; the conversion technology; the legal and environmental issues associated with the operation of an energy wood plant; and the economics of an energy wood plant.


This chapter provides a critical overview on a series of issues that the relevant theoretical and empirical literature suggests being crucial in dealing with the challenges an emerging country may encounter in its attempts to reach a higher income status, with a particular focus devoted to the implications for the domestic labour market. The first part of the chapter focuses on structural change, capability building, and technological progress, mapping specific ways in which an emerging country can engage in successful catching-up, keeping in mind that developing countries are deeply involved in globalized markets where domestic innovation has to be complemented by the role played by international technology transfer. The chapter then deals with possible consequences of this catching-up in terms of employment and skills, contrasting the prescriptions of conventional trade theory with a view taking into account technology transfer, labour-saving technological progress, and skill-enhancing trade.


In this article, the sintering temperature and microstructure of tungsten alloy balls were discussed, and the influence of tungsten particle size and tungsten-tungsten contiguity on compression properties of tungsten alloy balls was investigated. The experimental results show that the tungsten particle size increases with the increasing of temperature, but the transformation of tungsten-tungsten contiguity decreases. When the temperature reaches 1 520 ℃, tungsten alloy ball of 8 mm diameter has the maximum compressing load(80 kN). It's indicated that the cracking mechanism of compressed tungsten alloy balls is almost the same with tensioned tungsten heavy alloy. Finally, the compression behavior of tungsten alloy balls is studied, it's indicated that the distortion concentrates in the center of tungsten alloy balls.


Fuzzy Cognitive Maps (FCM) have found favor in a variety of theoretical and applied contexts that span the hard and sof t sciences. Given the utility and flexibility of the method, coupled with the broad appeal of FCM to a variety of scientific disciplines, FCM have been appropriated in many different ways and, depending on the academic discipline in which it has been applied, used to draw a range of conclusions about the belief systems of individuals and groups. In scenario planning, causal mapping has long been used as a means to elicit the worldviews of multiple experts, facilitate discussion, and challenge and improve mental models. Large and complex causal maps, however, are difficult to analyze. The strength of FCM approach lies in its capacity not only to comprehensively model qualitative knowledge which dominates strategic decision making but also to stimulate and evaluate several alternative way of using IT in order to improve organizational performance. This approach introduces computational modeling, as well as it supports scenarios development and simulations. In this paper the authors focus on the investigation of two possible applications: waste management system and stakeholder management system. The common features of these systems are that both systems are complex and comprehensive.


Influence of a two-stream instability induced by a uniform ion beam propagating in a background plasma on the electron return current is investigated theoretically. The two-stream instability is taken into account with use of quasilinear equation for the plasma electron. Although the quasilinear wave-particle interaction has an effect of accelerating electrons, the electron current does not exceed the beam current. This is a result of rapid response of the electrons trying to induce an electric field that cancels the effect of quasilinear acceleration of the electrons. Analysis is valid in the initial stage of the instability.


A novel ferroelectric liquid crystal, (S)-bis(2-methylbutyl) 3,3′-[1,2-ethanediylbis[oxy-4,1-phenylenemethylidyne nitrilo-4,1-phenylene]]bis[2-propenoate] (EBOPBP) was prepared, which are composed of two chiral mesogenic groups interconnected by a very short flexible spacer chain. EBOPBP exhibts a chiral smectic C phase (Sc*). From an electrooptical effect due to a deformation of helical structure in the Sc* state, the rise time (τr) was estimated to be 240 μs at 180 °C.


Restructuring the Institutional Frame Ram K Vepa Small industry is now recognised as a vital component of the industrial economy of the country; the Seventh Five Year Plan envisages a rapid increase in the volume of production and quality of goods made in small scale sector. To achieve this objective, the ministry of industry commissioned a Review of the working of the Small Industry Development Organisation (SIDO) to recommend how it should be restructured to respond to the needs of the industry and the priorities hid down in the Seventh Plan.


The article deals with the structure of an electronic portfolio of the department at a higher school as an innovative mechanism, enabling to encourage academic staff of a higher school aimed at establishing an innovative lifestyle system of higher learning which is to improve the quality of the educational services provided.


Howe (2001) presents a new variant of White's illusion and asserts that it demonstrates the failures of a number of models of White's illusion, including my own (Anderson 1997). He also argues that the FACADE model of Grossberg can explain this effect, as well as the other published variants of White's illusion (Grossberg 1997; Kelly and Grossberg 2000). My response has two parts. First, although Howe's display does reveal the need to go beyond the local properties of T-junctions, I contend that it does not provide a critical test of the two competing explanations of White's effect (namely, a contrast theory, and a scission theory). Second, I will argue that although the FACADE model can provide some insight into this particular variant of White's illusion, it actually fails to account for White's original effect or variants of the illusion I have published previously (Anderson 1997). Howe's demonstration consists of a very weak version of White's effect containing a single target bar. The main change to White's stimulus is the addition of extended black and white horizontal bands that cut across the image. In his display, the contours of these bands are carefully aligned with the stems of the targets' T-junctions. Howe finds that observers report that the illusion is either greatly reduced or inverted by this manipulation. He argues that this impacts negatively on T-junction-based theories of this illusion, since the local T-junctions are unchanged in the top and bottom figure. This seems fair enough, and points to a need to consider other, nonlocal properties to account for the effect. The main change introduced by Howe's variant of White's illusion is the presence of aligned contours at the T-junctions from the horizontally extended bars in his pattern. Although Howe did not actually demonstrate that the alignment of these contours is critical for his effect, it can be easily demonstrated; see figure 1. When the horizontal bands are aligned with the stems of the T-junction, the illusion is greatly reduced (as Howe reports); however, when they are misaligned, the illusion returns to normal (which he did not). Why would this be so? The simplest and most obvious answer is that the extended horizontal contours effectively transform the local T-junctions into X-junctions, which is precisely how Howe tries to explain the new effect. The question is whether this provides any conceptual leverage into the two competing theories of this illusion that Howe discusses: contrast theory, and scission theory [see also Gilchrist et al (1999) for an anchoring account of this illusion]. Contrast-based models attribute White's effect to a selective contrast between the gray target bars and the stripes on which the targets are embedded. Scission theory (Anderson 1997) attributes this illusion to mechanisms that are responsible for decomposing images into multiple layers. The theoretical problem created by White's illusion for contrast theories is that the perceived lightness difference is in the wrong direction. One way to `solve' this problem is to assert that the edges that would drive the illusion in the wrong direction are somehow discounted. Such models essentially reduce White's illusion to a form of simultaneous contrast: a gray bar in a white stripe becomes equivalent to a gray target on a white background; and a gray bar in a black stripe becomes equivalent to a gray target on a black background. My scission-based account was motivated (in part) by a significant shortcoming of such theories. By reducing White's illusion to a variant of simultaneous contrast, such theories place an upper bound on the strength of the illusion: White's effect can only be as large as a comparable simultaneous-contrast display. But even White's original Discussion Perception, 2001, volume 30, pages 1499 ^ 1507


The Danish Technological Institute has investigated some of the old roads from the 1930s. The investigations include thin section analysis of cores from the roads. This technique has been used very much by Dr. G.M. Idorn during the 1950s and the 1960s, and in the late 1970s the technique was further developed by the Danish Technological Institute. The results of the investigation show that the old durable concrete is a dense, strong concrete without signs of internal deterioration.


Introduction: Menopause is defined as the cessation of monthly cycles for at least 12 months, and menopause syndrome, which includes symptoms of psychological illnesses including anxiety, is experienced by many women practically everywhere in the globe. Increased physical exercise is one non-pharmacological method for treating anxiety issues in menopausal women. According to several studies, exercising helps menopausal women's anxiety and depression levels. Method: The goal of this literature review is to examine physical exercise therapies against anxiety in menopausal women. This study technique uses literature review with secondary data gathered not from direct observation. Results: Based on the results of literature review analysis in 8 (eight) national and international journals showed that from the results of statistical tests of all physical exercise conducted in the study can reduce anxiety with a significance value of p < 0.05 which means physical exercise can reduce anxiety levels. Discussion: Physical exercise or exercise is very good for menopausal women because it can prevent or reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, osteoporosis, breast cancer, anxiety, alzaimer, and depression, regular exercise can be effective in reducing anxiety in menopausal women.


Pulmonary involvement is a fairly common complication of leptospirosis. A high dose of steroids is often used in the treatment of pulmonary leptospirosis. Here we report two cases who developed severe invasive fungal infections following the use of steroids for pulmonary leptospirosis. Routine use of steroids for pulmonary leptospirosis may do more harm than good as the evidence for this practice is sparse.


Beam-induced RF heating has been observed in several LHC components when the bunch/beam intensity was increased and/or the bunch length reduced. In particular eight bellows, out of the ten double-bellow modules present in the machine in 2011, were found with the spring, which should keep the RF fingers in good electrical contact with the central insert, broken. Following these observations, the designs of all the components of the LHC equipped with RF fingers have been reviewed. The lessons learnt and mitigation measures are presented in this paper.


Sir, We found the commentary by Shaw and Elton on a possible evolutionary advantage and differential survival of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) most interesting.1 However, there are certain issues in this article that need further attention and consideration. In the food deprivation hypothesis, the authors have tried to explain ovulation among obese women who are genotypically PCOS by their rapid weight loss caused at times of seasonal deprivation of food. However, they fail to give a clear explanation of the possible mechanism for a reproductive advantage in this group. Reported interpopulation variation in the phenotypic expression of PCOS occurs in areas where there is not much seasonal food deprivation,2 which challenges this hypothesis. In the refeeding hypothesis, they have tried to explain the ready recruitment of part-recruited follicles that line the edge of the ovary in women with PCOS as they come out of severe food deprivation. Their conclusion that the first to ovulate by this mechanism have a reproductive advantage needs further explanation. The authors refer to the problem of these peripherally situated ova causing hyperstimulation in assisted reproduction, which might in fact imply that these ova are of questionable quality and not advantageous. This disadvantage in PCOS is supported by the demonstration of poor developmental capability of primary oocytes of women with PCOS when compared with normal women.3 Psychological stress might be yet another environmental factor that determines the phenotypic expression of a genetic susceptibility. PCOS itself is a generator of profound psychological distress. However, little is known regarding stress as a causative factor of PCOS. Stress-induced anovulation might increase the susceptibility of a woman to PCOS because increased sympathetic activity is reported to play a role in its development.4 More importantly, the evolving human experience in the past few decades on postponing the initial pregnancy,5 child spacing and reducing the family size must not be underestimated. Can PCOS be considered an adaptation of the ovaries for the futile effort that they have made, each month, over years, for continued propagation and expansion of mankind? Have the ovaries realised the fruitlessness of their monthly efforts? Could such an adaptation of ovaries have caused an evolutionary change by a transgenerational impact? Will there be an increasing trend of PCOS in the future due to change in the fertility pattern, use of hormonal contraception and stressful lifestyle of our contemporary global village? Hence, we propose further study on the relationship between stress, child spacing and PCOS. j


We perform high-statistics Monte Carlo simulations of three-dimensional Ising
spin-glass models on cubic lattices of size L: the +- J (Edwards-Anderson)
Ising model for two values of the disorder parameter p, p=0.5 and p=0.7 (up to
L=28 and L=20, respectively), and the bond-diluted bimodal model for
bond-occupation probability p_b = 0.45 (up to L=16). The finite-size behavior
of the quartic cumulants at the critical point allows us to check very
accurately that these models belong to the same universality class. Moreover,
it allows us to estimate the scaling-correction exponent \omega related to the
leading irrelevant operator: \omega=1.0(1). Shorter Monte Carlo simulations of
the bond-diluted bimodal models at p_b=0.7 and p_b=0.35 (up to L=10) and of the
Ising spin-glass model with Gaussian bond distribution (up to L=8) also support
the existence of a unique Ising spin-glass universality class. A careful
finite-size analysis of the Monte Carlo data which takes into account the
analytic and the nonanalytic corrections to scaling allows us to obtain precise
and reliable estimates of the critical exponents \nu and \eta: we obtain
\nu=2.45(15) and \eta=-0.375(10).


One hundred carotid arteries were investigated with both Duplex and DSA. The accuracy of Duplex was acceptable. Systolic peak frequency and the appearance of spectral broadening were used to analyse the Doppler spectrum. The sensitivity and specificity were satisfactory to identify internal carotid stenosis particularly critical stenosis. The results show that duplex scanning is a reliable noninvasive examination method for internal carotid stenosis.


210Background: We always used early enteral feeding after esophagectomy as perioperative management. The common procedure for feeding tube insertion is jejunostomy, but sometimes complication such as internal hernia was occurred. In case of retrosternal gastric tube reconstruction, we usually inserted feeding tube through gastric conduit. But in case of posterior mediastinal gastric tube reconstruction, this procedure was not available because of the distance between abdominal wall and gastric tube. So we have developed the new procedure for feeding tube insertion using the mobilized round ligament of liver. Methods: The aims of the study is to clarify the safety of these procedures. In case of retrosternal reconstruction, we usually inserted feeding tube from prepylorus of gastric conduit, and feeding tube was delivered through pyloric ring to 3rd portion of duodenum(Procedure A). Insertion point of the tube was always close to abdominal wall, and easy to be guided to extra-abdomen. On the other hand, in...


Utilizing the FRAGSTATS software to analyze the dynamic change characteristic of the wetland landscape pattern in Songnen Plain with the support of GIS and RS from 1980 to 2000.The results demonstrated that the wetland landscape pattern has taken place significant change in Songnen Plain.The area has been reduced 33.1% in recent 21 years.The average patch size and largest patch index has shown decreasing tendency,but the deviation of landscape shape index,patch density,patch dimension,landscape split index and patch perimeter have been increased.The distribution centroid of patches has moved by 49.82 km southwestward,and the orientation of the principal axis has rotated by 7.817 anticlockwise since 1980.These revealed that the landscapes had the tendency fragmentation and shrinkage.The change was mainly caused by the nature and the human factor together.


Nonionic surface active agent AO-1, n-butanol, kerosene and water were mixed in varying proportions to compound micro-emulsion. According to different phase states of each micro-emulsion, some systems with representative were picked up, and then tested the interface properties of oil phase of the systems above. The experimental results show that there is a system with low interfacial tension and steady surface tension.


Objective To modify the operation of focal excision for endometriosis occurring in abdominal wall or perineum. Methods There are two approaches of modification. The first one was as follows: a striped or fusiform incision which reached the underlying subcutaneous tissue was made on the original skin scar. Then skin flaps were developed, care being taken to preserve partial subcutaneous tissue beneath the skin, which was the most important step in avoiding skin necrosis. Next step was to remove the focus entirely and intactly. The second modification was: when the focus was removed there is a space between skin and the deep fascia, where a rubber tissue drain was placed. Then intradermal suture was performed for skin incision with 0/4 absorbable suture. The drain was removed after 24~48 hours. Results None subcutaneous scleroma was found in the all 21 cases after 1 month of operation. All of skin incision recovered well and looked aesthetic. Conclusions The modified operation for endometriosis occurring in abdominal wall or perineum is simple to do .At the same time the scars is tiny and the incisions look aesthetic.


After the Great East Japan earthquake, the radio communication networks have been more important than ever in the world and more sophisticated performance of the networks is required. To design and construct high performance radio communication network links, the field estimation is significantly important. We have developed and proposed discrete ray tracing method (DRTM), Uchida method that enables us to estimate propagation characteristics along land surface structure. However the method still requires a certain time to compute field intensities in case of long path or complicated land surface structure. We have studied to shorten computation time and to save computer memory by considering the discretisation rate of the terrain surface with equal interval size of linear piece wise strips. We have realised that intense sampling points are needed at the edge point like a mountain summit to estimate the field intensities in shadow areas following the summit. In this paper, we consider the discretisation rate at the mountain summit by checking accuracy of numerical results of electromagnetic (EM) wave analysis by DRTM and we compare the results with rigorous solutions given by the Bessel and Hankel functions.


This paper presents the theoretical aspects behind a handicap point system for pedometer challenges. The system attempts to address the problem of current approaches that report only the participants with the most steps in competitions. By introducing a handicap based calculation, the idea is to motivate all participants to exceed their average daily step count. It is proposed to add a participant's daily steps and their handicap in an attempt to level the playing field for beginning and advanced participants. The algorithm proposed has parameters to calibrate handicap points to favor lower or higher average participants. The approach could be included in applications such as leaderboards, step based games, and team challenges.


Nowadays, energy efficiency is a top priority, boosted by a major concern with climatic changes and by the soaring oil prices in countries that have a large dependency on imported fossil fuels. A great part of the oil consumption is currently allocated to the transportation sector and a large portion of that is used by road vehicles. According to the international energy outlook report, the transportation sector is going to increase its share in world's total oil consumption by up to 55% by 2030 [1]. Aiming an improvement of energy efficiency, a revolution in the transportation sector is being done. The bet is in the electric mobility, mostly supported by the technological developments in different areas, as power electronics, mechanics, and information systems.


Sexual discrimination in invitation to job interview was tested by a controlled experimental method of send ing carefully-matched pairs of letters in response to newspaper adver tisements-one from a female and one from a male applicant. On 363 of the occasions, when invitations were issued, the applicants were trea ted equally, but there were 144 occasions of differential treatment. Females encountered discrimination 40 percent more frequently than ma les. Discrimination against females was statistically significant for the data in aggregate and for two of the seven occupations involved- gardener and computer analyst-programmer. Copyright 1987 by Blackwell Publishers Ltd/University of Adelaide and Flinders University of South Australia


Currently, large-scale commercial in-situ recovery of bitumen from oil sands reservoirs is done by thermal gravity drainage oil sands recovery processes such as cyclic steam stimulation (CSS) and steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD). In these processes, steam is injected into the formation, which then heats bitumen until it is sufficiently mobile enough to be moved to the production well. The key goal of these processes is controlled and targeted steam delivery, really heat delivery, to the reservoir, and thus, both heat transfer and consequent bitumen mobilization are key controls on the performance of the processes. Here, we describe conductive and convective heat transfer at the edge of steam chambers and oil mobilization just beyond the edge of the chamber. The results demonstrate the complex interplay between heat transfer and oil mobilization: heat transfer controls the temperature profile beyond the edge of the steam chamber, which sets the oil viscosity profile, which in turn controls bitumen mobilization. Relative permeability, geomechanics, and geologic heterogeneity make the phenomena more complex. The discussion suggests that self-corrective robust recovery processes or dynamic well interventions such as smart wells that yield uniform steam chambers are required to ensure efficient heat transfer and oil mobilization.


The reaction between gaseous CH4 and surface O·− on MgO was studied at 298 K. The surface O·− was formed through a reaction of N2O with electrons trapped on MgO and examined with EPR. One mole of surface O·− determined by EPR was found to react with one mole of CH4 determined by GC. The resultant surface species were observed by an FT-IR and were identified to be methoxide and weakly absorbed methanol. The adsorbed methanol was produced by the reaction of methyl radicals (the initial product) with the surface hydroxy groups. Both products (methoxide and methanol) are found to be decomposed to CO and H2 at the elevated temperature such as 773 K.


G0IV I/28 (2006.01) (76) Inventors: Massimiliano Vassallo, Brighton (52) U.S. Cl. ................................ 702/17; 702/14; 702/18 (GB); Ali Ozbek, Cambridge (GB); Dirk-Jan Van Manen, (57) ABSTRACT Reigaste-Surrey (GB); Anthony D. A technique includes processing seismic data indicative of Curtis, Lamberhurst (GB); Kurt samples of at least one measured seismic signal in a proces Eggenberger, West -Sussex (GB) sor-based machine to, in an iterative process, determine basis functions, which represent a constructed seismic signal. The (21) Appl. No.: 13/248,062 technique includes in each iteration of the iterative process, selecting another basis function of the plurality of basis func (22) Filed: Sep. 29, 2011 tions. The selecting includes based at least in part on the samples and a current version of the constructed seismic signal, determining a cost function; and interpreting the cost function based at least in part on a predicted energy distribu (60) Provisional application No. 61/390,706, filed on Oct. tion of the constructed seismic signal to select the basis func 7, 2010. tion. Related U.S. Application Data


We report measurements of the second-order Lagrangian structure function and the Lagrangian velocity spectrum in an intensely turbulent laboratory flow. We find that the asymmetries of the large-scale flow are reflected in the small-scale statistics. In addition, we present new measurements of the Lagrangian structure function scaling constant C0, which is of central importance to stochastic turbulence models as well as to the understanding of turbulent pair dispersion and scalar mixing. The scaling of C0 with the turbulence level is also investigated, and found to be in agreement with an existing model.


The present study aims to evaluate water quality, analyzing the physico-chemical and microbiological, aware that the dam is of great importance to the city's residents, who use the same water for recreation, watering livestock , fishing and washing clothes. The survey was conducted in the municipality of Barro-EC more precisely in the pond Cumbria margins of BR-116, view to the realization of physico-chemical analysis and microbiological during the month from September to November 2010, during the morning, and set three sampling points along the dam, for a total of five collections all in the early morning. Among the parameters were performed: pH, EC, DO, BOD, hardness, chlorides, ammonia, and orthophosphate, and microbiological (total and fecal coliforms). The results obtained in this study were compared with those established by CONAMA Resolution No. 357/2005 and by Resolution n ° 274/2000 and further to 518 by the ministry of health. The comparison of the results allows to say that the dam has a high concentration of pollution because their values are not inserted within acceptable values for the current resolutions.


Among U-healthcare services adapting the latest IT technique and medical technique, a body-injecting device technique providing medical service to a patient who has incurable disease. But the body-injecting device technique can be easily exposed during wireless section to the third person and it can be used illegally. This paper proposes certification protocol which certifies a patient and hospital staff using random number created by certification server and a patient with hospital staff by synchronization. Specially, the proposed protocol uses security information created by information registered in certification server previously by a patient and hospital staff so that in keeps from accessing of third person who didn`t get approval. And it gives more stability.


Based on the application of key informant interview,taxonomic knowledge,ethnological questionnaire,the utilization and traditional management of the forest plantation in Miao community in Xiaodanjiang village located in Southeast Guizhou Province were investigated and analyzed. Biological diversity is rich in the reserve and around the villages because of the essential functions in protection and maintenance from local traditional culture. Chinese fir,Cunninghamia lanceolata,is the preferred tree species in man-made forests and usually four modes for reforestration are used in this area,namely,forest-crop rotation,burning and planting,planting at forest gaps,as well as grid-like logging slash. Besides timber products,the villagers also collect and utilize non-timber forest products in firforest,e. g.,firewood,herbs,edible fruits,wild vegetables,and small wildlife. Various national key protected plants,endangered plants,endemic plants and economic plants are preserved in the fir forests. Customary laws play an important role in present management of forest resource. This study has shown that traditional forestry knowledge should be integrated into national and sub-national biodiversity administrative measures,and the incentive mechanism for biodiversity-friendly forestry should be developed at national and local levels to encourage local people and communities for their involvement in biodiversity conservation and biodiversity-friendly forestry management.


DNA-based phylogenetic analyses have revealed more species in the fungal genus Skeletocutis than has traditionally been acknowledged. Here we describe two resupinate species as new: S. delicata Niemelä & Miettinen and S. exilis Miettinen & Niemelä. They are very similar to S. brevispora, S. papyracea and S. kuehneri, but differ from them mostly by their spore size and pore characteristics. The relationships of these species are discussed, and the importance of exact spore measurements is emphasized. Skeletocutis friata Niemelä & Saaren. is reduced to synonymy under Tyromyces chioneus, and misidentifications of some published records are corrected.


The present invention relates to a wire-bonding position correcting method comprising the step of the material is the error in the transfer position the transfer to the bonding zone, recognizes the position error of the read reference point, the position error and the reference semiconductor chip point, reduce this processing time, to provide a wire bonding position correcting way to the purpose, and this invention to achieve the same purpose, the die attach (die attach) the lead frame materials for use capillary unit transferred to the bonding zone, caviar in the bonding zone, and fixing the material to in the wire-bonding position correction method for correcting for the bonding wire to the lead and the semiconductor chip of the lead frame, and transfer the material to the bonding zone, the heater block and the window clamp , recognizes the position of a read reference point placed at a specific position of a lead frame to the transfer of the transfer material by a bonding zone location It provides a wire-bonding position correcting method comprising the step of identifying the coordinates of the bonding error of the error and the lead frame.


A Bayesian non-neutral stochastic input distance function model is used to examine whether output specialization has an impact on the economic performance of vegetable producers in Benin. Specialization is assumed to have an effect on the production frontier itself, as well as on the distance of each producer's observed data to this frontier (technical efficiency). A derivative-based measure of economies of scope is obtained by exploiting the duality between the shadow cost and the input distance functions. In this study, we also control for spatial heterogeneity of vegetable production by including a soil fertility variable in the production function at the farm level. The technology is found to exhibit no economies of scope, indicating that vegetable producers have no incentive for specialization or diversification. However, the degree of specialization has a positive effect on technical efficiency. From a policy perspective, the findings imply that policies to encourage specialization may lead to higher performance.


The article presents the results of a retrospective analysis of medical records of patients with Hirschsprung's disease who were treated at the Republican Clinical Hospital and Children's Republican Clinical Hospital (Tatarstan) over the period from 2005 to 2014. The specificity of distribution of the anatomical forms of lesions, the prevalence of disease by gender and age, and the features of modern diagnostics and treatment of this congenital anomaly are presented. The diversity of anatomical forms of colonic aganglionosis was typical for pediatric patients with the dominance of rectosigmoid (52%) and rectal (32%) forms. In adults the short aganglionic segment in distal part of the rectum dominated (90%). Most often Hirschsprung's disease was found in males (children 82.7%, adults 85%) and diagnosed at an early age from birth to 7 years of age. Due to diversity of the causes of chronic constipation syndrome in adults, the diagnosis of Hirschsprung's disease is more difficult to state and requires implementation of the modern diagnostic techniques. The choice of surgery for Hirschsprung's disease is partly due to the specificity of pathological changes in the gut. In children the most frequently performed operation was Soave in modification of De La Torre-Mondragon (74.7%), in adults Duhamel in modification of State Scientific Center of Coloproctology, Moscow (100%). The postoperative period was complicated in 12% of cases of the first group and in 20% of the second group. Postoperative mortality is not recorded in any of the groups.


This study was conducted to document the rate, duration, and type of objective response to active specific immunotherapy with a polyvalent melanoma cell vaccine (PMCV) for patients with in‐transit melanoma metastases and to identify any acute or chronic toxic effects of PMCV treatment.


Motivated by recent experiments, and using the rotating-and-vibrating electron-molecule (RVEM) theory [Yannouleas and Landman, Phys. Rev. B 66, 115315 (2002); Phys. Rev. A 81, 023609 (2010)], in conjunction with exact diagonalization, we develop a unified microscopic approach for the interplay between liquid fractional-quantum-Hall-effect (FQHE) states and Wigner-solid states in the lowest Landau level (LLL) in the neighborhood of nu=1/3. Liquid characteristics of the FQHE states are associated with the symmetry-conserving rotations and vibrations of the electron molecule. Although the electron densities of the symmetry-conserving LLL states do not exhibit crystalline patterns, the intrinsic crystalline correlations are reflected in the conditional probability distributions and the emergence of cusp yrast states in the LLL spectra. It is shown that away from the exact fractional fillings, weak pinning perturbations (due to weak disorder) may overcome the energy gaps between adjacent global states and generate pinned broken symmetry ground states as a superposition of symmetry-conserving LLL states with different total angular momenta. The electron densities of such mixed states (without good angular momentum quantum numbers) exhibit oscillating patterns that correspond to molecular crystallites. These pinned Wigner crystallites represent finite-size precursors of the bulk Wigner-solid state. It is further shown that the emergence of these molecular crystallites is a consequence of the presence of RVEM components in the symmetry-conserving LLL states. In addition, it is shown that the RVEM approach accounts for the Wigner-solid state in the neighborhood of nu=1, which was also found in the experiments. We utilize results for sizes in a wide range from N=6 to N=29 electrons, and we address the extrapolation to the thermodynamic limit.


This article highlights the experimental research results of the parasitological factors influence on mares artificial insemination efficiency by the cooled and thawed sperm. It is shown influence of intestinal nematodes invasion of strongylidае, parascaris equorum and oxyuris equi on blood hematology and biochemical indicators of mares of the Ukrainian roadster breed is established. It is established that existing invasion level classification demands revision concerning of breeding mares who are used in system of artificial insemination. For the first time in Ukraine studying influence of parasitological factors on artificial insemination efficiency by the thawed and cooled sperm on the Kharkov technology of receiving, cryoconservation of sperm and artificial insemination of horses is carried out. At the low invasion general level of mares manure by intestinal helmints the exit of foals from the cooled sperm was 90,3 %%, thawed 77,8 %%. High invasion general level of mares intestinal helmints allowed to get the exit of foals from the cooled sperm 50,72 %, thawed 42,03 %. At the established high general level of an invasion of breeding mares of the Ukrainian roadster breed the quantity of erythrocytes was intestinal helminths below the lower bound of physiological norm for 9,7% and less first group of mares for 30,6% (p


Studying tissue obtained from ovariectomized rats whichrats which had been untreated (U), treated with estradiol (E) or treated with estradiol plus progesterone (EP) for 3 days we had shown that in vitro, trypsin enhances the template activity of disrupted uterine nuclei. However, the trypsin effect is controlled by the endocrine state of the tissue, being far less for EP than for U or E. In the present study it was shown that a more purified chromatin preparation behaves qualitatively like disrupted nuclei in the test system. Furthermore, in the test system the trypsin enhancement of DNA-directed incorporation of 3H-UTP into RNA held fairly constant over a range from 0.1–33.0 nmoles of UTP/5 μ DNA. In another series of experiments, other proteolytic enzymes were compared to trypsin. At the enzyme concentrations tested, plasmin urokinase and thrombin exhibited considerable activity, albeit less than trypsin. Pronase was far less active and chymotrypsin was virtually inactive. Thus, among the enzymes teste...


The speed control of hydraulic elevators is usually carried out by PID controllers. But as the system properties slowly changes with the working situation, the control result is not satisfactory after long time operation. In this paper, a two-level hierarchical controller consist of an intelligent PI controller and a simple upper level expert controller is introduced. The expert controller is based on the expert knowledge accumulated from research experiences on the speed control of hydraulic elevators. The controller is realized on a small chip computer system, which is cheap and flexible to use.


Swapna Yalamanchili, B Narmadha From Medical Officer, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Cancer Institute (WIA), Adyar, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Correspondence to: Dr. Swapna Yalamanchili, Department of Transfusion Medicine, 38, Sardar Vallabhai Patel Road, Cancer Institute (WIA), Adyar, Chennai 600 036, Tamil Nadu, India. E-mail: email@example.com Received 22 December 2019 Initial Review 07 January 2020 Accepted 15 February 2020


The title compound was obtained as the major product of our handling of the literature preparation of tris(imidazol-2-yl)phosphine. The compound was characterized by 1H NMR, mass and vibrational spectroscopy. The structure was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Crystals were triclinic, , a = 7.677(1), b = 12.658(2), c = 10.072(2) A, α = 91.18(1),β = 114.44(1),γ = 99.49(1)°, Z = 4. Intensities were measured on a Syntex P21 diffractometer with MoKα radiation and 3088 reflections were used to determine the structure. R = 0.0698, Rw = 0.0534. The phosphinic acid exists in the solid as the zwitterionic form and bond lengths and angles are normal. Keywords: tris(imidazol-2-yl)phosphine, X-ray structure, bis(imidazol-2-yl)phosphinic acid hemihydrate.


Abstract The aims of the study were to study demographic data of patients with spindle cell lipoma and describe a spectrum of magnetic resonance imaging features of the tumor.


Cervical cancer has been shown to be highly associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. The viral oncogenes E6 and E7 are constantly expressed by the tumor cells and are therefore targets for immunotherapy. In the present study we investigated the potential of HPV16 L1E7 chimeric virus‐like particles (CVLP) to activate specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in human blood donors. CVLP were expressed by recombinant baculovirus and purified. Direct incubation of freshly isolated peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) with CVLP resulted in induction of proliferation and growth of T cell lines. To enhance antigen presentation we also loaded dendritic cells with CVLP and used them to activate naive T cells. Growing cell lines were mainly CD3 positive (>95%) with a predominant CD4‐positive and a minor CD8‐positive component. Analysis of Tcell specificity was carried out by an interferon‐γ ELISpot assay. Dendritic cells pseudoinfected with CVLP or pulsed with human leukocyte antigen (HLA)‐A*0201‐restricted peptide E711–20 or with a newly identified HPV16 peptide L1323–331 were used as stimulator cells. T cells responsive to CVLP were found in the cultures with frequencies of 0.5%–0.7%. Frequencies to peptides were around 0.1%. These T cells had cytolytic activity toward autologous B‐lymphoblastic cell lines either pseudoinfected with CVLP or pulsed with HLA‐A*0201‐restricted peptides. They also lysed the HPV16‐ and HLA‐A*0201‐positive cervical cancer cell line CaSki, whereas HLA‐A*0201‐negative SiHa cells were not lysed. We conclude from our data that CVLP show promise for a therapeutic vaccine in patients with HPV16‐positive cervical intraepithelial neoplasia lesions or cervical cancer. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Cancer treatment has improved extraordinarily in recent years. The development of targeted therapies has widened the cardiotoxic spectrum of antitumor drugs. Optimum management of cardiovascular disease before and during antitumor treatment is essential to reduce morbidity and mortality in cancer patients. We observed three patients with acute cardiotoxicity, which developed after treatment with anticancer drugs. In all patients developed different myocardial damage. In the first patient it was diffuse changes of myocardium which developed with intact coronary arteries. The second patient died of myocardial infarction, which occurred due to thrombosis of the anterior interventricular branch of the left coronary artery. In the third case a severe local lesion developed at the site of insignificant stenosis (30 %) in right coronary artery. Conclusions: coronaryangiography and myocardial scintigraphy should be included in the plan by a survey of cancer patients before chemotherapy, besides of the ECG and echocardiogram.


The Study of benefits rate of nonstandard worker in the pension and the unemployment insuranceThis article is on the base of that nonstandard worker's insurance benefit is important as well as nonstandard worker's affiliation of social insurance. Even if nonstandard workers are come a member to soci...


Objective To study the reliabilities of three methods applied in orthodontic dental model measurement,and to compare the differences among them.Methods 100 pairs of dental models were selected and the mesio-distal dimension of evcry dental crown was measured with the methods of direct measurement,digital camera photographic measurement and 3D laser measurement,respectively.Results There are not significant differences among the there methods,but the 3D laser scanning measurement was found some unique advantages.Conclusions All three methods are precise in the dental model measurement.Due to its advantages,the 3D laser scanning method showed a wide-range prospect in clinic application.


To ensure hospital quality, the Centers for Medicaid & Medicare Services have tied payments to performance measures, including readmissions.1 One readmission metric, the Potentially Preventable Readmission measure (3M, PPR), was initially developed for Medicare and defined as readmissions related to an index admission, excluding those for treatment of cancer, related to trauma or burns, or following neonatal hospitalization. The PPR includes readmissions for both primary mental health conditions (MHCs) and for other hospitalizations with comorbid MHCs.2 Although controversies surround equating a hospital's quality with its rate of readmissions, the PPR has been expanded to include numerous states. Since the PPR is also used for the Medicaid population in these states, it also measures pediatric readmissions. Hospitals in states adopting PPR calculations, including children's hospitals, must either meet these new quality metrics or risk financial penalties. In light of evidence of high readmission rates among adult patients with MHCs, several states have modified the PPR to exclude MHCs and claims for mental health services.3–9 In their study, "Mental Health Conditions and Unplanned Hospital Readmissions in Children," Doupnik et al. provided compelling evidence that MHCs in children (similar to adults) are closely associated with readmissions.10 MHCs are possibly underappreciated risk factors for readmission penalties and therefore represent a necessary point for increased awareness. Doupnik et al. calculated 30-day unplanned hospital readmissions of children with versus without comorbid MHCs using another standard measure, the Pediatric All-Condition Readmission (PACR) measure. The PACR measure excludes index admissions with a MHC as primary diagnosis but includes children with comorbid MHCs. Doupnik et al. used a nationally representative cohort of all index hospitalizations of children aged 3–21 years from the 2013 Nationwide Readmission Database that allowed for estimates of MHC prevalence in the study population.11 A comorbid MHC was identified in almost 1 in 5 medical admissions and 1 in 7 procedural admissions. Comorbid substance abuse was identified in 5.4% of medical admissions and 4.7% of procedure admissions, making this diagnosis the most frequently coded stand-alone MHC. The authors' findings are particularly noteworthy given that diagnosis of MHCs is highly dependent upon coding and is therefore almost certainly underreported. In pediatric inpatient populations, the true prevalence of comorbid MHCs is probably higher. Doupnik et al. observed that comorbid MHCs are a significant risk factor for readmission. After adjustment for demographic, clinical, and hospital characteristics, children with MHCs presented a nearly 25% higher chance of readmission for both medical and procedural hospitalizations. Children admitted with medical conditions and multiple MHCs yielded odds of readmission 50% higher than that of children without MHCs. Overall, the presence of MHCs was associated with more than 2,500 medical and 200 procedure readmissions. Previous studies in adult populations have also found that comorbid MHCs are an important risk factor for readmissions.12,13 Other research describes that children with MHCs have increased hospital resource use, including longer lengths of stay and higher hospitalization costs.14-17 Further, children with MHCs as a primary diagnosis are more prone to readmission, with readmission rates approaching those observed in children with medical complexity in some cases.18,19 MHCs are common among hospitalized children and have become an increasingly present comorbidity in primary medical or surgical admissions.17 One particular strength of this study lies in its description of the relationship between comorbid (not primary) MHCs and readmission following medical or surgical procedures in hospitalized children. This relationship has been examined in adult inpatient populations but less so in pediatric inpatient populations.12,13 This study provides insights into the relationships between specific MHCs and unplanned readmissions for certain primary medical or surgical diagnoses, including those for attention deficit disorder and autism that are not well-recognized in adult populations. High-quality inpatient pediatric practice depends not only upon recognition of concurrent MHCs during hospitalizations but also assurance of follow-up outside of such institutions. During the inpatient care of children, pediatric hospitalists often perform myopic inpatient care which fails to routinely address underlying MHCs.20 For example, among children who are admitted with primary medical or procedure diagnoses, it is possible, or perhaps likely, that providers give little attention to an underlying MHC outside of continuation of a current *Address for correspondence: Jessica L. Bettenhausen, MD, Children's Mercy Hospital, Adele Hall Campus, 2401 Gillham Road, Kansas City, MO 64108; Telephone: (816) 802-1493; Fax: (816) 302-3493; E-mail: email@example.com


INTRODUCTION
Some studies have suggested that women may avoid further pregnancies after experiencing a pregnancy affected by a hypertensive disorder. Large population-based studies are needed to better understand the outcomes of later pregnancies among women who have a history of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. The aims of the study were to assess outcomes of the second pregnancy and second delivery rate among women experiencing Hemolysis, Elevated Liver enzymes and Low Platelet count (HELLP) syndrome in first pregnancy.

MATERIAL AND METHODS
This population-based registry study included all women with a first delivery registered in the Medical Birth Registry of Norway, from 1999 to 2014 (n=418 897). Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for adverse outcomes of the second delivery and the probability of no second delivery among women with HELLP syndrome in first pregnancy compared to women without HELLP syndrome. We also compared outcomes in the first and second pregnancies among women with HELLP syndrome in first.

RESULTS
HELLP syndrome occurred in 0.24% of first pregnancies (n=1006). Among women with HELLP syndrome in first pregnancy, adverse outcomes were substantially less frequent in second pregnancy: preterm deliveries declined from 56.0% to 14.2%, small for gestational age from 6.6% to 2.8%. More than 75% had no hypertensive disorder in their second pregnancy. Still, compared to women without a history of HELLP syndrome, ORs for adverse outcomes in second pregnancies were increased: preterm birth (OR; 3.7, 95% CI; 2.8 to 4.8), small for gestational age (OR; 2.7, 95% CI; 1.6 to 4.8), perinatal death (OR; 3.1, 95% CI; 1.4 to 7.0), placental abruption (OR; 4.2, 95% CI; 1.8 to 9.4) and hypertensive complication (OR; 8.3, 95% CI; 6.7 to 10.3). HELLP syndrome did not influence the probability of a second delivery.

CONCLUSIONS
Among women with HELLP syndrome in first pregnancy the occurrence of adverse pregnancy outcomes was substantially reduced in the second pregnancy. However, compared with unaffected women, they were still at greater risk of pregnancy complications.


Acoustic Microscopy and Acoustic Micro Imaging (AMI) techniques are now becoming accepted technologies for the nondestructive testing of materials and microelectronic assemblies. However, since the AMI techniques are becoming more "accepted" it is even more important to understand the specific capabilities and limitations an analyst may encounter for specific applications. As an example, the analysis of die attach quality for satellite applications will be reviewed in detail. Prior to analysis with AMI techniques, such as SLAMTM (Scanning Laser Acoustic Microscope) or C-SAMTM (C-Mode Scanning Acoustic Microscope), it is important to know the construction of the die attach assembly. The construction of the die attach assembly can affect how it can be examined or which technique would be best. For example What type of board/laminate is being used? What type of die attach material is being utilized? Will the die be over coated?, etc. Each of these factors will help determine what technique, which frequency, when the die attach should be analyzed in the process and other steps or procedures that may need to be followed. Guidelines are provided for the proper analysis of die attach based on various constructions. When applicable, the limitations that an analyst may encounter are also provided. INTRODUCTION Microelectronic assemblies in general rely heavily upon the bond quality of the die attach. There are several factors that will determine the quality of the bond and the ultimate reliability of the assemblies in space. These factors include: l Die attach material l Die material l Substrate/board material l Bond area size l Thermal mismatch (CTE) l Thermal issues (heat spreading) Many of the factors listed are "known" properties that can be evaluated or calculated for various process conditions or ideal cases. Unfortunately, when the assemblies are manufactured you can not always predict the actual bond area size, the percentage of coverage or the location of voids or delaminations within the die attach material. These "unknowns" can affect the strength of the bond, the stresses on the die and the dissipation of heat from hot areas of the die. The use of AMI techniques such as Scanning Laser Acoustic Microscopy (SLAM) or C-Mode Scanning Acoustic Microscopy (C-SAM) can help determine these unknown factors on a nondestructive basis with great accuracy and reliability. The key to utilizing the data obtained with AMI techniques is understanding their capabilities and limitations for the type of materials or construction you would like to examine. The best place to start is by understanding the basics of AMI techniques and then applying that knowledge to various microelectronic constructions. BASICS OF AMI TECHNIQUES The main AMI techniques utilized for die attach analysis are the SLAM and C-SAM. There is a third type of AMI technique called Scanning Acoustic Microscopy (SAM), but it is limited to acoustic surface wave investigation of samples which can not penetrate through the substrate or the die to the die attach level. The SLAM is basically a real-time through transmission mode acoustic imaging system. As indicated in Figure #1, acoustic energy (ultrasound waves) is introduced into the sample from one side of the sample and received on the opposite side by a scanning laser detector. The most commonly used imaging mode of the SLAM is its amplitude mode which obtains images via a shadowgraphic technique. The images obtained with this mode are called acoustic micrographs. The SLAM has other useful features that are good for die attach analysis. Acoustically, the SLAM can also provide Interferograms, which provides speed of sound data through the sample. This feature is especially useful for confirming if the die attach is poorly bonded or if there is an extreme amount of porosity within the die attach material that scatters or delays the transmission of the ultrasound. A change in the thickness of the die attach material can also be determined. The C-SAM is a reflection mode acoustic imaging system. As indicated in Figure #2, it operates by sending a pulse of acoustic energy into the sample and then the returned echoes at each point are examined. It can provide images at bond interfaces, nondestructive cross sectional views, through transmission images, 3D views of cracks, etc., via time-offlight data, bulk material analysis and can be programmed to obtain the images on an automated basis at various locations on a COB. Figure 3: AMI and X-ray views of Die Attach X-ray view AMI view AMI and X-ray techniques are commonly considered as complimentary methods. However, X-rays are only sensitive to density variations such as voids or eutectic formation for die attach applications. The SLAM and C-SAM can easily detect delaminations at material interfaces as well as any discontinuities within the die attach material. Therefore voids, porosity or cracks within the die attach material as well as any delaminations at the interface between materials can be observed. Figure 3 indicates the typical sensitivity of an AMI technique in comparison to an X-ray technique for die attach applications. One of the general limitations of AMI techniques is that they can be affected by surface contours or irregularities. If a surface has a curvature or is extremely rough it can deflect or scatter the ultrasound, thereby obscuring the acoustic data in the area of investigation. In some cases the curvature or surface roughness can be compensated for by various techniques, such as main bang focusing instead of first interface echo focusing. Since most dice are relatively flat there is no need to worry about curvature or surface roughness. However, if the die is to be encapsulated, either by molding or glop topping, it would be best to check the die attach before encapsulation as a precaution and for more detailed analysis at higher frequencies. EFFECTS OF DIE MATERIALS ON AMI ANALYSIS All of the die material used today are either Silicon (Si) or Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) with some sort of passivation film applied, such as silicon dioxide, silicon nitride or in some cases polyimide. None of these materials have any extreme effects on the transmission of ultrasound. However, if the die is cracked or if the passivation layer is not properly adhered to the die surface it will affect the die attach acoustic data. A crack in the die will disturb the path of the ultrasound and will be indicated by a "line" that follows the pattern of the crack within the die. Obviously this type of defect should also be picked-up by an electrical test and the die attach quality would be rather insignificant. Figure 1: SLAM Block Diagrams Amplitude Mode Interferogram Mode Scanning


Who am I: The Tale of Dorothy (WAI) is the first videogame ever that addresses the treatment of an individual suffering from dissociative identity disorder (DID). WAI describes the life and internal experience of a 14-year-old girl named Dorothy who suffers from DID. The goal of this videogame is to integrate all Dorothy's dissociated identities. Notably, several symptoms of DID are correctly portrayed in the game, such as identity confusion, identity alteration, amnesia, and psychotic-like experiences. Furthermore, WAI identifies the developmental origins of DID in the individual's exposure to severe traumatic experiences in the attachment relationships during childhood, which is consistent with current empirical evidence on the developmental precursors of the disorder. Therefore, WAI may represent an innovative possibility for illustrating the main features of DID to gamers, students, and lay people. Accordingly, playing WAI can have important educational implications, as it  might serve to reduce mental stigma toward people suffering from DID.


The invention discloses a strong water absorption cloth. The strong water absorption cloth is obtained through the blending braiding of a polyacrylonitrile fiber, a ramie fiber, a cuprammonium silk fiber and a cashmere fiber, and concretely contains 10-14wt% of the polyacrylonitrile fiber, 20-24wt% of the ramie fiber, 17-21wt% of the cuprammonium silk fiber and 41-53wt% of the cashmere fiber. The cloth obtained through the polyacrylonitrile fiber, the ramie fiber, the cuprammonium silk fiber and the cashmere fiber has the advantages of strong water absorption performance, fast moisture dissipation, soft material, excellent antistatic effect, good heat resistance and fast heat dissipation.


We discuss the properties of a one-dimensional lattice model of a driven system with two species of particles in which the mobility of one species depends on the density of the other. This model was introduced by Lahiri and Ramaswamy ( Phys . Rev. Lett ., 79 , 1150 (1997)) in the context of sedimenting colloidal crystals, and its continuum version was shown to exhibit an instability arising from linear gradient couplings. In this paper we review recent progress in understanding the full phase diagram of the model. There are three phases. In the first, the steady state can be determined exactly along a representative locus using the condition of detailed balance. The system shows phase separation of an exceptionally robust sort, termed strong phase separation, which survives at all temperatures. The second phase arises in the threshold case where the first species evolves independently of the second, but the fluctuations of the first influence the evolution of the second, as in the passive scalar problem. The second species then shows phase separation of a delicate sort, in which long-range order coexists with fluctuations which do not damp down in the large-size limit. This fluctuation-dominated phase ordering is associated with power law decays in cluster size distributions and a breakdown of the Porod law. The third phase is one with a uniform overall density, and along a representative locus the steady state is shown to have product measure form. Density fluctuations are transported by two kinematic waves, each involving both species and coupled at the nonlinear level. Their dissipation properties are governed by the symmetries of these couplings, which depend on the overall densities. In the most interesting case, the dissipation of the two modes is characterized by different critical exponents, despite the nonlinear coupling.


In this paper,the authors put forward the concept of critical cooling water quantity corresponding to the condenser heat-transfer terminal difference,obtain its relation characteristic by strict derivation,and make it clear that its questions has not been solved in the engineering and theory for a long time. According to the calculating results of some actual examples,the present conclusions correspond with engineering practice,and it establishes the foundation for the condenser varying operation mode calculation and the site operation guidence.


Objective:To obtain the maximum recovery rate,the optimal condition for polysaccharide extraction was evaluated.Method:The single factor experiment was adopt to analyse six factors impacting polysaccharide extraction,and the orthogonal experiment was adopted to optimize the condition for polysaccharide extraction.Result:The optimal condition for polysaccharide extraction was as follows:the ratio of solid material to water 1:40,temperature 80℃,extracting time 1.5h,the recovery rate of polysaccharide 2.53%.Conclusion:The efficient technology for polysaccharide extraction from Inonotus obliquus fruit body was established.


By adopting thermo-simulating technique,the dynamic and static transformation rules of IF steel produced by TSCR were researched.The dynamic CCT and static CCT curves were given.The rules both in transformation temperature and in microstructure evolution of IF steel are deplored.


Diode lasers are by far the most efficient lasers currently available. With the ever‐continuing improvement in diode laser technology, this type of laser has become increasingly attractive for a wide range of biomedical applications. Compared to the characteristics of competing laser systems, diode lasers simultaneously offer tunability, high‐power emission and compact size at fairly low cost. Therefore, diode lasers are increasingly preferred in important applications, such as photocoagulation, optical coherence tomography, diffuse optical imaging, fluorescence lifetime imaging, and terahertz imaging. This review provides an overview of the latest development of diode laser technology and systems and their use within selected biomedical applications.


High-purity palladium films were deposited onto Si wafers and polyimide by the reduction of organopalladium compounds in supercritical CO2 solution using a batch process at temperatures between 40 and 80 °C and pressures between 100 and 140 bar. Hydrogenolysis of π-2-methylallyl(cyclopentadienyl)palladium(II) in CO2 at 60 °C is complete in less than 2 min, yielding continuous, 100−200 nm thick, reflective films and the benign, fully hydrogenated ligand decomposition products, cyclopentane and isobutane. Analysis of the deposited films by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicates that they are free of ligand-derived contamination. Deposition of thin films on patterned silicon wafers having feature sizes as small as 0.1 μm wide by 1.0 μm deep is strictly conformal, including uniform coverage of the lower corners and bottoms of the trenches. Deposition by hydrogenolysis of palladium(II) hexafluoroacetylacetonate also yields high-quality films while deposition using π-allyl(2,4-pentanedionato)palladium(II) i...


We examine how the randomness of behavior and the flow of information between agents affect the formation of opinions. Our main research involves the process of opinion evolution, opinion clusters formation and studying the probability of sustaining opinion. The results show that opinion formation (clustering of opinion) is influenced by both flow of information between agents (interactions outside the closest neighbors) and randomness in adopting opinions.


Parametric point estimation from anonymous and heterogeneous data is studied. For heterogeneity, we assume n samples are independently drawn, each following one of K possible distributions. For anonymity, we assume the estimator knows the number of samples drawn from each distribution, but which one each sample follows is hidden. In words, samples as a sequence are passed through an unknown permutation prior to being observed. The goal is to find an estimator that minimizes the worst-case statistical risk over all possible permutations. We prove that an optimal estimator depends only on the empirical distribution (type) of samples, and when the risk function is the mean squared error (MSE), it follows a non-trivial Cramer-Rao lower bound. We further characterize its asymptote as n → ∞, assuming the number of samples from each distribution is proportional to n. The lower bound is of the order of 1/n, and the reciprocal of its prefactor is the Fisher information of the mixture of the K distributions.


It is the protocol I used to collect and extract DNA from organic litter, top 5 cm mineral soil and insect samples in the Amazonia to metabarcoding studies.


OF THE DISCLOSURE This disclosure pertains to use of fuel cells having catalytic cathodes. The catalysts assist in efficiently pro ducing electrical energy with minimum polarization losses. This invention relates to fuel cells and more especially to fuel cells equipped with new and improved oxidizer electrodes, the oxidizer electrode per se, and the produc tion of electrical energy utilizing such fuel cells. Fuel cells are well known as devices for the direct conversion of the chemical energy of a fuel into electrical energy. The cells basically are composed of an oxidizer electrode or cathode, a fuel electrode or anode, and an electrolyte. The terms "oxidizer electrode' and "cath ode' are used interchangeably herein as are the terms "fuel electrode' and "anode." When operating a fuel cell employing, for instance, a gaseous organic fuel and an acid electrolyte, the gaseous fuel is passed into the interior of a porous gas diffusion anode to the interface formed by the anode and the elec trolyte. A catalyst also present at such interface or junc ture promotes the electrochemical reaction of the fuel at the anode with the release of electrons to the anode surface, which electrons are drained off through an ex ternal circuit. An oxidizing gas, e.g., oxygen, is passed into the interior of a porous gas diffusion cathode to the interface formed by the cathode and electrolyte. A cata lyst is also present at such interface or juncture and pro motes the electrochemical ionization of the oxygen by reaction with the electrons supplied from the external circuit. The negatively charged ions formed at the cath ode neutralize the positively charged particles formed at the anode, the fuel being oxidized at the anode to form carbon dioxide and/or water. Platinum has been utilized heretofore as cathode cata lyst for catalyzing the electrochemical conversion of oxy gen in fuel cells using acid electrolyte. We have tried pla tinum as catalyst at the cathode and while platinum has given satisfactory results as such catalyst, nevertheless there was room for improvement from the standpoint of obtaining higher cathode voltages. Further, platinum is one of the most expensive of the precious metals and to provide the art with a cathode catalyst achieving supe rior results as compared to the platinum and which is ap preciably less expensive than the platinum would be par ticularly of merit. In accordance with the present invention, we have found that cathode potentials are attained during cell operation which are superior to those provided by cell cathodes having a platinum per se as catalyst and with a material as cathode catalyst which is appreciably less expensive than the platinum per se. The new and im O


Many African countries have clearly established central development planning structures, unlike most countries in the North. This article takes a closer look at one such planning machinery, in Botswana, that having remained virtually unchanged for three decades is currently under review to reinvigorate its original commitment to popular participation, which was undermined in the process of national development. The article begins with a brief introduction to Botswana. This is partly because having one of the few stable regimes in Africa, Botswana is little reported on and so remains largely unknown, but mainly because policies and the structures that support them develop against a backdrop of specific historical experiences that shape these policies and structures. Subsequently, following a description of the country's current development planning mechanism and the factors thathave led to its re-examination, we analyse an exploratory experiment in grassroots participatory planning, focusing on the attitudes of middle-management civil servants to its effects. The conclusions for participatory planning are generally positive, and may be relevant to other countries in Southern Africa, like Zambia and Zimbabwe, whose planning structures bear a close resemblance to those in Botswana, even though their governments have pursued different ideological paths since independence (see, for example, SNV, 1995).


Role of IKr in Rabbit Sinoatrial Node. Introduction: A rapidly activating delayed rectifier potassium current (IKr) is known to have an important role in determining the properties of spontaneous pacing in enzymatically isolated rabbit sinoatrial node (SAN) cells. The functional characteristics of IKr are conferred by its dependence on time, voltage, and external potassium. The aim of this study was to develop a rigorous mathematical representation for IKr based on experimental findings and to investigate the role of IKr in the automaticity and intercellular communication of SAN cells.


The synthesis and characterization of the new compounds K(P3C2R2) [R=Ad (2), sBu (3)] and In(P3C2R2) [R=Ad (4), Mes (5)] are described. Further, the synthesis of indium nanoparticles via a single‐source precursor approach using In(1,2,4‐P3C2tBu2) (1) as precursor is reported. These nanoparticles were characterized by TEM, HRTEM, EDX, XRD, NMR, and optical spectroscopy.
New compounds of the type M(1,2,4‐P3C2R2) (M=K, In, R=Ad, sBu, Mes) were synthesized, characterized, and examined in view of their use as precursors for indium‐based nanoparticles.


Tristichopterids (Sarcopterygii, Tetrapodomorpha) form a monophyletic group of exclusively Devonian fishes. This thesis consists of descriptions of new material of tristichopterids and closely rela ...


This project investigates the applicability of quasi-Monte Carlo methods to Euclidean lattice systems in order to improve the asymptotic error scaling of observables for such theories. The error of an observable calculated by averaging over random observations generated from ordinary Monte Carlo simulations scales like N − 1 / 2 , where N is the number of observations. By means of quasi-Monte Carlo methods it is possible to improve this scaling for certain problems to N − 1 , or even further if the problems are regular enough. We adapted and applied this approach to simple systems like the quantum harmonic and anharmonic oscillator and verified an improved error scaling of all investigated observables in both cases.


This research paper presents a technical analysis comparative between the fourth generation technologies such as Long Term Evolution LTE and LTE Advanced. LTE has been implemented and is operating in our country since December last year in the cities of Quito and Guayaquil; It is thus important to conduct a comparative study between these technologies and thus allow us to analyze and understand the set of processes and technological procedures involved to implement these technologies. The implementation of these technologies as one of its main objectives is to mitigate the problem of saturation of the spectrum and mainly offer new services such as video transfer in real time, similar to the Internet with a local area network speed such way that allows efficient communication between computers and electronic equipment at office and home.


ALS Beamline 6.0 is designed for x‐ray absorption spectroscopy with femtosecond x‐ray pulses generated by the bunch 'slicing' technique. The fs x‐ray pulses are isolated by imaging the source and translating slits a small vertical distance from the optical axis. Soft and hard x‐ray branch lines will cover a wide photon energy range from 120 eV to 10 keV. A soft x‐ray spectrograph will collect absorption spectra dispersively.


This Special Alert for Powell on Real Property looks at governmental measures, enacted on an emergency basis, regarding real property during the COVID-19 pandemic — especially moratoria on residential evictions and foreclosures. The Alert uses examples of COVID-19 emergency measures by state governments as well as examples of emergency measures by the federal government. It anticipates ongoing changes to such measures as the COVID-19 situation evolves, suggesting that we not wait until the governmental measures abate before considering their impact and implications. The current stream of property-related COVID-19 litigation promises to become a flood. Litigators are relying on provisions of federal and state constitutions to challenge the emergency measures on behalf of landlords, lenders, and business owners. The Alert identifies several key U.S. Supreme Court precedents that will almost certainly form part of the judicial response to those challenges. Those cases, discussed in the Alert, provide the foundation for judicial consideration of the constitutional legitimacy of eviction and foreclosure moratoria.


Transfer of the low-tannin trait to otherwise desirable sericea lespedeza high-tannin lines produced genotypes with considerably lowered forage yield. It is not known if low-tannin sericeas are proportionally less productive than high-tannin sericeas in high-yielding environments. If so, low-tannin sericeas would be less desirable to grow in more productive environments. Regression analysis was used to partition GE interactions between regressions and the residuals after regression, and to measure the response to changing environments, Shukla's stability-variance parameters were used to measure genotype stability. Variance and coefficient of variation were calculated across environments for each genotype and rank correlated to the aforementioned parameters of stability to determine their usefulness in the early stages of cultivar testing. Stability analysis was carried out on the dry forage yield of 10 genotypes grown in 10 environments in Alabama. The only low-tannin genotype that consistently responded to environmental fluctuations like 'Serala' was 74-100-5. Low-tannin sericeas were found to be proportionally less productive than high-tannin sericeas in high-yielding environments. However, it is possible to select low-tannin lines with an environmental response similar to high-tannin sericeas. Rank correlations among stability parameters indicated that EV is a stability parameter which is easy to calculate and could be used in the early stages of cultivar testing.


A 40-year-old Libyan male was admitted to the intensive therapy unit of Zliten Central Hospital, Libya after a road traffic accident in which he had been the driver. On physical examination he was irritable, dyspnoeic, cyanotic, had contusions and abrasions on his chest and abdomen (mainly on the left side), a lacerated wound on the forehead, a large haematoma over the left thigh and tenderness over the left side of the chest and abdomen.


Family mediation practice in the United Kingdom has been self-regulated voluntarily from its early beginnings but more recently subject to government regulation with the advent of public funding for family mediation. The article traces the development of this regulatory framework, exploring some of the central tensions that have shaped the emergence of family mediation as a distinct and autonomous professional intervention.


High Entropy Alloys (HEAs) are the most recently developed new class of materials, which are known for their unique structural properties. Lightweight materials are currently in excessive demand for transportation and energy saving applications. In this review, efforts have been made to summarize the work done towards the development of HEAs targeting lightweight applications. Some new synthesis techniques are suggested for the fabrication of lightweight HEAs (LWHEAs). The concept of porous structure fabrication, microwave sintering of green compact, casting by disintegration melt deposition and advanced manufacturing using additive manufacturing are discussed as future directions of LWHEAs synthesis. LWHEAs for potential biomedical applications have also been addressed.


Supersymmetric gauge models with local horizontal symmetries are known to generate large flavor changing neutral current effects induced by supersymmetry breaking D-terms. We show how the presence of a U(1) gauge symmetry solves this problem. We then construct a realistic gauge model with SU(2)_H x U(1)_H as the local horizontal symmetry and suggest that the U(1)_H factor may be identified with the anomalous U(1) induced by string compactification. This model explains the observed hierarchies among the quark masses and mixing angles, accommodates naturally the solar and atmospheric neutrino data, and provides simultaneously a solution to the supersymmetric flavor problem. The model can be excluded if the rare decay \mu --> e \gamma is not observed in the current round of experiments.


In modern big data warehouse systems, we observe a common phenomenon that a column of data values can be derived from one or several other columns by transforming and concatenating these columns. We call this relationship between columns a Soft Concatenation Mapping (SCM). SCMs imply significant redundancy in the schema or data, and therefore can be exploited for data integration or data compression. In this paper, we formalize the problem of SCM detection and prove it is NP-hard. We then propose efficient approximate algorithms to detect all SCMs or an optimal set of SCMs in a table. Our experiments on both real-world and synthetic datasets show promising results.


This paper discussed coping with pre-competitive anxiety in sports competition. The aim of the paper presentation is to provide explanation and reassurance to coaches, athletes and managers in the process of dealing with pre-competitive anxiety in sports competition. Five theories are used as the framework: the multidimensional theory which describes competitive sports anxiety in a model composed of two main subcomponent; cognitive and somatic anxiety, the general adaptation syndrome theory which describe the body's short-term and long-term reaction to stress, the optimal arousal theory being one that predicts performance of athletes to be at best only if their level of arousal falls within the optimal functioning zone, and the Inverted 'U' Hypothesis theory which predicts a relationship between arousal to approximate an inverted 'U' shape. The concept of pre-competitive anxiety was defined as an unpleasant emotion which is characterized by vague but persistent feeling of apprehension and dread before an event. The paper traced the sources of pre-competitive anxiety to an imbalance between perceived challenges and capabilities. It also enumerated signs and symptoms of pre-competitive anxiety to include: paralyzing fear, inability to concentrate, sweating, shaking, shortness of breath, dizziness and increase heart rate. The effect of precompetitive anxiety on sport performance and techniques of dealing with pre-competitive anxiety which include: teaching the athletes to know what is fear; visualization, goal setting, relaxation, self confidence, distracting oneself and focusing on that which could be controlled were also discussed.


The winter flax fiber quality from seven main areas was analyzed in Yunnan.The difference of fiber quality was significant between various areas.The firmness tallies met the request that was produced above 14# the machine-produce fible.The flax fiber from Binchuan and Baoshan could produce 22 # machine-produce fible.The flax fiber from Menghai,Mile,Mouding could produce 16-20 # fible.In short,the high-quality flax fiber raw materials could be produced in Binchuan,Baoshan,Menghai,Mile,Mouding,Kunming.


In this paper, we show the experimental study on adaptive robust neural network Principal Component Analysis (PCA) b出 edon a reconstruction error model . Firstly we explain the traditional batch PCA method which is based on eigenvalue decomposition and discuss its problems of computational complexity and poor robustness. To overcome such problems, the adaptive robust neural network Principal Component Analysis wil b巴 introduced.This adaptive robust approach is based on the structure of single-layer neural network with modification of the reconstruction error model. From the experト ments, it can be seen that this method can reduce the efect of outliers existing in the training sample set.


Lung cancer is the most common cause of death from cancer worldwide, largely due to late diagnosis. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop new approaches to improve the detection of early‐stage lung cancer, which would greatly improve patient survival.


I worked for almost thirty years at Dartington Hall School, and after it closed for a further four years at Sands School. When I retired in 1992 I believed that Sands and Summerhill were the only two democratic schools left. Most of the people I talked to about education had never heard of Dartington or Sands, and thought Summerhill, as a private school outside the state system, was irrelevant. In this piece I describe how, when I had time to travel, I learnt how wrong we all were...


The energy minimization in the computer program PACK established for investigating interactions of secondary structures in proteins was based on the finite deference method. It is well known that a minimizer of finite difference method is less efficient than that of analytical gradient method. In this article the equations of the analytical energy gradients for a multiple chain system have been derived and they can be directly incorporated into the PACK program. The revised version, PACK/2, thus obtained is much more efficient. Energy minimizations carried out on the theoretical models of 4‐helix bundle, sheet‐sheet packing, and β‐barrel indicated that the CPU times were reduced 15‐ to 20‐fold if the revised PACK/2 algorithm was used. In general, the more complicated the computed structure was, the more significantly the computation time was reduced. Furthermore, for the cases demonstrated here, the final minimized energies were always lower than those obtained by the original version of PACK, indicating that a better packing structure was achieved by means of the revised program PACK/2.


This paper presents the structural synthesis of fully-isotropic parallel wrists (PWs) with three degrees of freedom. The mobile platform has 3 rotations (3R) driven by three actuators mounted on the fixed base. A method is proposed for structural synthesis of 3R-PWs with uncoupled motions and fully-isotropic based on the theory of linear transformations. A one-to-one correspondence exists between the actuated joint velocity space and the operational velocity space of the moving platform. The Jacobian matrix mapping the three vector spaces of 3R-PWs with uncoupled motions is a 3 times 3 diagonal matrix. We use the condition number and the manipulability ellipsoids for their performance analysis. The Jacobian matrix of the fully-isotropic 3R-PWs presented in this paper is the 3 times 3 identity matrix throughout their entire workspace. The condition number and the determinant of the Jacobian matrix being equal to one, the manipulator performs very well with regard to force and motion transmission capabilities. As far as we are aware, this paper presents for the first time solutions of fully-isotropic three-degree-of-freedom parallel wrists.


The authors describe 3 cases of the extracranial Vertebral artery fenestration. This anomaly is a rare case seen in autopsy and angiographically, and in literature too the cases described are few and prevalently by Japanese authors. This anomaly is important because frequently is associated with others congenital intra and extracranial vascular abnormalities.


This paper evaluates first the smoothed group delay spectrum (SGDS) distance measure through the isolated work speech recognition experiment by specified speakers. The experiment was performed for the following three cases, considering the speech recognition in the actual environment: 1) the case where the channels have difference characteristics; 2) the case where a white noise is added to the input speech; and 3) the case where the telephone speech is used as the input.

In all three cases, the recognition rate is improved drastically compared to the traditional LPC cepstrum distance measure. An improvement of the recognition rate by 16 percent was realized under the noise of segmental SN ratio 20 dB. Then the distance measure is evaluated for the case where the FFT cepstrum is converted into the group delay spectrum.

The proposed method gives a better recognition rate compared to the conventional FFT cepstrum distance measure, but the result is worse than the SGDA measure by approximately 3 percent since the higher-order FFT cepstrum coefficient has a larger variance on the time axis.

Finally, the SGDS distance measure is evaluated by the isolated word speech recognition system with the monosyllable as the registered speech. The vowel recognition rate is improved, which improved the recognition rates for the syllable and the word by 2 percent or more on a relative scale.


In this study, microwave-dried oil palm trunk core lumber was impregnated with phenol formaldehyde resin using high pressure vacuum chamber. The impregnation of oil palm trunk core lumber was performed under 3 bar pressure and cured in an oven at 150℃ for 2 h. The impregnation of oil palm trunk core lumber was carried out at different time intervals (15, 30, 60, 90, 120 min) to obtain different density lumber and compared with microwave-dried oil palm trunk core lumber and rubberwood. The physical and thermal properties of microwave-dried oil palm trunk core lumber, impregnated oil palm trunk core lumber and rubberwood were studied. In general, the impregnated oil palm trunk core lumber obtained better physical properties than microwave dried oil palm trunk core lumber but slightly lower than rubberwood. The thermal stability of oil palm trunk core lumber was analyzed by using thermogravimetric analysis and it shows that rubberwood exhibited better thermal stability than impregnated oil palm trunk core lumber.


The Symposium on Integrated Circuits and Systems Design (SBCCI) is an international forum dedicated to Integrated Circuits and Systems Design, Test and Electronic Design Automation (EDA), held annually in Brazil.

The SBCCI has been established as an important international forum for presentation of advanced research results on leading edge aspects of integrated circuits and systems design, such as Analog circuits, Mixed-signal and Digital Integrated Circuits Design, Dedicated and Reconfigurable Architectures, EDA tools, Design Methods, Embedded Systems, Nanoarchitectures and Nanocomputing, as well as Verification and Test Methods. In the Systems-on-Chip (SoC) and Internet-of-things (IoT) era, all these technical fields contribute to the advancement of computing, communication and information systems.


The global positioning system has three-dimension while carring on to navigate omni-directionally,Through is it indicate GPS have all-weathe,automation,high benefit,high accuracy wait until the characteristic to use,can at all satisfied with the precision request that open-air gedogy work.


Kay's The Smuggled Person's Tale Francisco Fuentes Antrás Abstract The sovereign State system relies on the idea that all the territory of the world is divided into separate spaces, which are controlled by distinct sovereign governments that make and enforce laws in those territories (Agnew and Corbridge 1995; Jones 2012). In this fashion, Reece Jones claims that those individuals who defy the national demarcations through cross-border movement can be approached as resistant subjects who "disrupt the clean, territorially based identity categories of the State by evading State surveillance systems and creating alternative networks of connection outside State territoriality" (Jones 689). In this article, I will analyse the short story "The Smuggled Person's Tale" (2017), written by Jackie Kay and included in the short story collection  Refugee Tales II  (2017). This narrative portrays a literary voice of a refugee who, in the need for leaving Afghanistan because of political and social conflicts, defies the sovereign State system by avoiding territorial entrapment through a constant border-crossing. His journey across nations allows him to break the national borders' dichotomies (in-out / native-immigrant / citizen-exile) (Bhabha 1994; Rojas 2006; Jones 2012; Konrad 2015), thus achieving a nomadic consciousness and


In this article we discuss the Pankara Indians in their social and environmental relations in the environment they live in, Serra do Arapua, an Altitude Heath, Caatinga, Pernambuco backlands , physical and symbolic territory of Pankara, from the perspective of Environmental and Indigenous History, also dialoguing with other knowledge areas, such as Anthropology, Geography, Biology, etc. For this, we appropriate of theoretical and methodological conceptions, particularly the Environmental History through literature searches and indigenous memories in order to seek to understand the knowledge and practices of the people with the natural environment and affirmation of Pankara identity. Keywords: Pankara People; Environment; History.


Air and sea interact on a wide range of scales, shaping climate and influencing weather. The direct effect of sea surface temperature (SST) structures on the extratropical atmosphere at the daily time‐scale is generally masked by the large variability associated with atmospheric dynamics. With 25 years of daily SST and surface wind observational products, obtained with data from buoys, satellite and atmospheric analysis in the Mediterranean, we show that strong surface wind convergence preferentially occurs when the air encounters a cold SST front. The mechanism responsible for the influence of ocean fronts on surface winds is rooted in the thermal disequilibrium that emerges at the air–sea interface, where cold water enhances the stability of the boundary layer, decoupling surface winds from the stronger winds aloft. Surface convergence drives upward motion which, under appropriate conditions, favours cloud formation. Thus, these results suggest that weather forecast models need to properly represent the small‐scale ocean thermal structures, which could affect rainfall.


Traditional spatial data query and retrieval cannot be efficient for dealing with complex spatial scenes,because highlevel topological semantics are not used.In order to overcome this limitation,sketch-content based spatial data retrieval was presented.In this algorithm,many topological invariants based on 9-intersection model with invariant moments are defined to represent the complex spatial scenes.Mutually high-order independent component analysis(ICA) features are used to train fuzzy support vector machine(SVM) classifiers,which reduce the high dimension of spatial scene topological relations and construct independent topological vectors.The spatial scene can be retrieved based on the trained SVM and tf×idf modal.The experimental results showed that statistical learning supported spatial data retrieval has good retrieval performance under few samples,which can be the basis of content-based spatial data retrieval.