In this work, radial basis function collocation method (RBFCM) is implemented
 for generalized time fractional Gardner equation (GTFGE). The RBFCM is
 meshless and easy-to-implement in complex geometries and higher dimensions,
 therefore, it is highly demanding. In this work, the Caputo derivative of
 fractional order ? ? (0, 1] is used to approximate the first order time
 derivative whereas, Crank-Nicolson scheme is hired to approximate space
 derivatives. The numerical solutions are presented and discussed, which
 demonstrate that the method is effective and accurate.


This paper presents a case study about the implementation of a service of
independent living using a participatory approach. The service promoted living
experiences in apartments with innovative activities, characterized by means
for the development of per...


We investigate the synchronization phe nomenon in 1D coupled chaotic map lattices where the couplings decay with distance following a power-law. Depending on the number of maps, the coupling strength and the range of the interactions, c chaos synchronization may be attained. The synchronization domain in the coupling parameter space can be analytic determined by means of the condition of negativity of the largest transversal Lyapunov exponent. In t his Letter we use previousl found analytical expressions for the synchronization frontier to analyze in detail the role of all the system paramete ability of the lattice to achieve complete synchronization. Analytical predictions are shown to be in accord with the ou of numerical experiments.  2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. PACS: 05.45.Ra; 05.45.-a; 05.45.Xt


Chiral 3-hydroxyoxindoles are biologically important molecular motifs which frequently present in natural products and artificial compounds. Herein, we report an ultraviolet light-driven asymmetric vinylogous aldol reaction between versatile isatins and...


This paper applies a multiple indicators-based Water Poverty Index (WPI) framework to assess water poverty situation in the selected river basins in Nepal that cover 8.7% of the territory, produce 6.5% of the water resources and provide shelter for 23.1% of the population. The study results suggested a priority order of the study basins for water poverty situation improvement as West Rapti, Babai, Bagmati, Kamala and Kankai. Even in the basin with the highest water poverty situation (i.e., West Rapti basin), suggested priority order for the areas of intervention need is Use > Environment > Capacity > Resources > Access. The results demonstrated usefulness of the WPI to prioritize areas and extent of policy interventions need at different locations.


Abstract : When a programmer writes a microprogram, as a part of a machine's instruction set or to implement an algorithm in microcode for faster execution, he must be concerned with the smallest details of the hardware in the machine. Microprogramming exists at the lowest (closest to the machine) level and is the most tedious computer language to program. In the field of computer design, where microprogramming is used most extensively, designers use microprogramming to perfect instruction sets and to optimize frequently used routines. A computer-aided design tool called a microcode generator is proposed in this thesis. It is an interactive, menu-driven functional programming tool. The user builds a microroutine by selecting functions from a series of menus as they are presented in a logical sequence. It is implemented in the language C on the Naval Postgraduate School Computer Science Department's VAX 780 computer using the Unix program development system components. The microcode generator is designed to produce microroutines targeted for a specific machine, the Am29203 Evaluation Board, an ALU implemented in bit-slice components. (Author).


The purpose of this thesis was to examine the impact of outcome and perceptions of success on causal attributions and intrinsic motivation following a basketball shooting competition. Undergraduate male and female (N=117) volunteers were first evaluated on their jump shooting ability. Subjects were next matched by sex on their jump shooting ability scores, and competed in a basketball game of "DOG". Following competition, subjects completed the Causal Dimension Scale (Russell, 1982) and the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory (Ryan, 1985) . Results indicated that intrinsic motivation correlated more highly with perceptions of success (r=.538) than with the outcome of winning or losing (r=.308). Multivariate Analysis of Variance indicated that winning or losing did not significantly impact on causal attributions and intrinsic motivation, while the perceptions of success did. The findings suggest that although high success subjects tend to be more internal, stable, and controllable than low success subjects, both groups tend to be internal, controllable, and unstable, thus supporting findings by McAuley (1985) . The findings also suggest that a stronger relationship exists between intrinsic motivation and perceptions of success than with objective outcome. Results are discussed in terms of perceptions of competence.


Todays, European electricity markets are facing rapid changes which bring some new challenges and make it necessary to modify current market design. One of these changes is continuous increases in electricity generation from renewables. Intermittent supply, decreasing the utilization of conventional generators, and lower market price are some of the consequences of high share of renewables in the market. These effects lead to supply security problem which means lower conventional generation capacity and less backup for intermittent renewable generation in the market. In this study, we want to discuss on the characteristics of an effective competition in electricity market which can alleviate the supply security problem. The main elements of an effective competition which should be included in future market model are defined as: efficient scarcity prices, active demand side participation, more utilization of storages and optimized guaranteed support policies. To this aim, we have proposed an agent-based framework equipped with game theoretic approaches to analyze this issue in European electricity markets. Based on this proposed model, we will discuss how a well-functioning market with described effective competition can provide right mixture of incentives for investment and enough backup capacity to alleviate supply security problem.


Reforms to transform China's centrally planned economy into a market-oriented one presented enormous challenges for macroeconomic management. In the first 15 years of reform, the main challenge appeared to be difficulties in maintaining short-term expenditure within the productive capacity of the economy, to avoid a pronounced tendency towards periodic bursts of excess demand, deficits in external current payments and inflation (Garnaut and Ma 1993; Raby 2001). Reforms in the financial and monetary systems, and the learning-by-doing of the People's Bank of China (PBC), led to relatively smooth management of the external balance problem from the mid-1990s, although there was a brief upsurge in the current account deficit at the height of the East Asian Financial Crisis in 1998 (Song 1998).


In the UK and other western countries the financial services sector is seen as offering women better career prospects than most other sectors. Unprecedented numbers of well‐qualified young women are now achieving promotion to first‐line and middle management positions. Companies are represented as progressive employers, committed to promoting equal opportunities. However, a cross‐cultural study of three Turkish and six UK banks and high street financial organisations explores how organisational ideologies and cultures operate to perpetuate inequality, based on managers' gendered conceptions of "the ideal worker". Favoured staff were identified, sponsored, promoted and rewarded, often based on their personal affinity with senior managers rather than objective criteria. This distinction between favour and exclusion operates not only along the traditional lines of gender, class, age, sexual orientation, religion and physical ability, but also along the new dimensions of marriage, networking, safety, mobility and space. Despite local and cross‐cultural differences in the significance of these factors, the cumulative disadvantage suffered by women managers and supervisors in both countries was remarkably similar.


Language consists of several language components. Language components are language knowledge, language use, and language changes associated with those components. Language knowledge includes knowledge of phonetics and phonology. Phonetics and phonology are the main understandings in mastering communication using Arabic. In the process of using language, a language is a tool used to convey ideas, thoughts, and desires or desires to others that aim to develop all aspects of life. The research method that the author uses is the Descriptive Qualitative research method. The approach used by the author is the Review Pustaka (Library Research) approach with data collection techniques using the Literature Study method. Phonology comes from the Greek word phono and the word logos. Phono means sound or sound, and the emblem implies science. Phonology is divided into 2 (two), namely phonetics and phonemes. Phonetics is the science of sound that talks explicitly about sound problems without paying attention to the function and meaning of sound. Phonemes are the study of sounds that study parts of the little unity of a language. Vowels in Arabic phonemes are commonly called crazy. Vowel types are the vowel phoneme Fathah, the vowel phoneme Kasrah, and the vowel phoneme Dhommah. A voice or vowel is a language sound that comes from the vibration of a person's throat vocal cords. The difference in the variety of sounds is the long and short verbal aspects.


In bathtubs without conventional overflow hole D Neither an up and down plug, nor a separate plug turning handle on the top edge find undivided approval. With the arrangement of the plug-driving at a concealed mixer fitting a protective tube has from this, according to the space behind the tub skirt, flush, be provided, in which the Stopfenbowdenzug can be retracted. When the upper trough edge, a pull-out, preferably with a Schlauchaufrollkasten, it lends itself, in the vertical symmetry line of the pull-out, and their plug-in holder, concentrically to the latter, to dispose the plug turning handle.


This paper addresses the problems of discontinuous curvature and complex path tracking of parallel parking paths for autonomous driving, establishes its vehicle kinematic model based on Ackermann steering theory; determines the collision constraints of the parking process, and uses B-spline curve theory to plan the parking path. On this basis, a multi-objective optimization method of Genetic-Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm(G-PSOA) is proposed to optimize the design of the spline curve control points with the vehicle travel trajectory length, wheel angle, and curvature of the path curve as the optimization objectives of Path Planning (PP). The simulation results show that the proposed optimization algorithm can quickly search for the optimal path compared with the traditional Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), shorten the PP length by 4.2%, and improve the smoothness and continuity of the parking process, thus reducing the complexity of the path tracking control.


As in any industry, firms in platform industries choose competitive strategies to achieve competitive advantage. However, in platform industries the standards definition of competitive advantage that dichotomizes firms into those with or without competitive advantage is insufficient. We use a dynamic model to characterize types of competitive (dis-) advantage in platform industries and demonstrate that in such industries, market structures can be mapped into these types of competitive advantage. We simulate the model to find the optimal competitive strategy for each type of competitive advantage. Mapping these results back into market structure, we derive guidelines for determining a firm's optimal competitive strategy conditional on the firm's competitive position within the market, namely its competitive position within its platform and the position of its platform within the industry. We would like to thank Shane Greenstein as well as seminar participants at Harvard University, Northwestern University, University of Redlands, the ZEW conference in Mannheim, and the 3 Israel Strategy Conference for very helpful comments. All remaining errors are ours. * A previous version of this paper, entitled "To Hunt or to Scavenge: Optimal Investment Strategies in the Presence of Indirect Network Effects" received the best paper award of the 3 Israel Strategy Conference. ** Arison School of Management, Hertzliya, Israel, email@example.com *** School of Business, Redlands, Ca-92373-0999, Tel.: (909) 748-8779, email@example.com To Hunt or to Scavenge page 2


The CO2 concentration in 50-cm-deep soil under different vegetation conditions near Gangcha county seat of Qinghai province was determined.The results showed that CO2 concentration in rape field was significantly higher than that in artificial shrub plantation and lush grass field,but the change of CO2 concentration in lush grass field was the most stable.There was significant and positive correlation between soil CO2 concentration and air temperature,and the variation trend of soil CO2 concentration was the same as that of temperature from the time 10:15 to 17:57.


There are over 25 years of historical satellite data available for climate analysis. The historical satellite data needs to be properly calibrated, especially in the visible, for sensors with no onboard calibration. Accurate vicarious calibration of historical satellites relies on invariant targets, such as the moon, Dome C, and deserts. Deep convective clouds (DCC) also show promise of being a stable or predictable target viewable by all satellites, since they behave as solar diffusers. However DCC have not been well characterized for calibration. Ten years of well-calibrated MODIS radiances are now available. DCC can easily be identified using IR thresholds, where the IR calibration can be traced to the onboard blackbodies. The natural variability of the DCC radiance will be analyzed geographically, seasonally, and for differences of convection initiated over land and ocean. Functionality between particle size and ozone absorption with DCC albedo will be examined theoretically. Although DCC clouds are nearly Lambertian, the angular distribution of reflectances will be sampled and compared with theoretical models. Both Aqua and Terra MODIS DCC angular models were compared for consistency. The DCC method was able to identify two calibration coefficient discontinuities in the Terra-MODIS Collection 5 10-year record and validated the calibration stability of MODIS to within 0.1% per decade. The DCC method needs to take into account the functionality of the 0.65μm DCC radiance with the 11μm brightness temperature threshold and the DCC 0.65μm radiance difference observed over the tropical western pacific and the afternoon generated DCC over land. Both of these cases cause a bias on the order of 5%. These improvements are the first steps towards successful use of DCC as an absolute calibration target.


Seed quality is defined by several factors such as genetic, physical, physiological and sanitary attributes. Even with all good factors involved, germinating power loss occurs. However, this loss may be reduced by performing procedures to maintain quality, as storage local and packaging. Thus, the objective of the work was to identify the best environment and packaging for storing niger seeds by analyzing germination and seedling biometry. Samples were separated according to treatments being three types of packaging: paper bag (permeable), plastic bag (semipermeable) and glass container (impermeable). All packages were storage in two environment: storage shad and cold chamber. For all evaluations sub-samples were removed of each type of pack and environment being at one day after harvest (control), 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 days of storage. The work was conducted at Laboratory of Seed Technology of Grand Dourados Federal University (UFGD). The experimental design was completely randomized, in a factorial scheme 6 × 6 (treatments x days of storage), with four replicates of 50 seeds each. Sowing was performed between "germitest" papers and rolls were kept in a germinator at a temperature of 25°C under constant white light, for 10 days. The traits evaluated were: first count of germination, percentage of germination and seedling length. Storage locations and type of packaging interfered significantly to development of niger (Guizotia abyssinica (L.f.) Cass.) seed germination. The best results in germination were found in seeds stored in glass container in storage shed and in plastic bag in cold chamber.


This paper explores the paradoxical nature of contemporary art, which is a negation of all previous values, criteria and practices. It conceptualizes the problem of cognitive and aesthetic indistinguishability between art and non-art in 21st-century art practices. The result of the lack of criteria for judging and evaluation is the irrelevance of categories and differences. Aesthetic uncertainty is the new canon.


We define two such pairs (X, i), (Y, j) to be equivalent if there is an isogeny α : X → Y such that if α̃ : End(X) ' End(Y ) is the induced isomorphism, we have α̃ ◦ i = j. It is easy to check that this is an equivalence relation. We write X ∼ Y if (X, i) is equivalent to (Y, j). Let AF be the collection of equivalence classes. We will classify such equivalence classes. Let D be any R-algebra. A C-algebra structure Φ on M is an R-algebra homomorphism Φ : C → D, so D can be seen as a C-algebra via Φ. We write DΦ to denote this C-algebra.


ABSTRACT In this paper, the augment Kalman filter (AKF) approach is discussed under the infinity condition. It is proved that the AKF in infinity condition is equivalent to the minimum-variance unbiased (MVU) estimation proposed in Gillijns & De Moor [(2007). Unbiased minimum-variance input and state estimation for linear discrete-time systems. Automatica, 43(1), 111–116]. This result can be regarded as a new contribution in the field of joint input and state estimation. Meanwhile, this result gives another way to estimate the state and unknown input simultaneously. Finally, the theoretical result is validated by simulations.


does an excellent job of debunking many of the myths surrounding the "mitochondrial Eve" hypothesis. However, one myth is perpetuated. In discussing the "multiregional model" of gene flow, Ayala (1) correctly notes that this requires "persistent migrations and interbreeding between populations from different continents", but then incorrectly adds that there is "no direct evidence" of this in the genetic data. However , strong and statistically significant evidence of recurrent genetic exchange between prehistoric human populations on different continents does exist. When geographical data are overlayed on the mito-chondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplotype tree with rigorous statistical evaluation and interpreted with the use of explicit and objective criteria (2), a fractal-like pattern of continental distributions is observed that recurs throughout the entire mtDNA gene-alogy at all time depths (3, 4). Such a pattern could have arisen from recurrent gene flow (albeit at low levels in this case), but could not have arisen from a single episode of range expansion, such as an out-of-Africa replacement (2, 3, 4) (although no intercontinental population expansions were detected in these studies, regional ones were, such as an expansion across Europe). Ayala (1) states that African and non-African populations "split" about 156,000 years ago. This "split" hypothesis is based on the genetic distances (the distances created by allele frequencies that differ between populations) found in nuclear DNA. If such a split between human populations had occurred , the genetic distances would be a reflection of the time since the split. An alternative explanation is that the genetic distances reflect a pattern of recurrent but restricted gene flow among human populations throughout recent human evolutionary history, with lower amounts of gene flow leading to larger genetic distances. One mechanism for restricted gene flow is isolation-by-distance, which predicts that the most geographically distant populations would have the lowest amount of effective gene flow. These two explanations make different and testable predictions. A split between African and non-African populations would affect not only nuclear genetic distances, but also the geographical overlay on the mtDNA haplotype tree. Explicit and objective criteria exist for inferring splits with gene tree data (2), but no split is detected from the human mtDNA data (3, 4). A split between Africans and non-Afri-cans would also imply that Asians and Eu-ropeans would be equally distant genetically from Africans, and Asians and Europeans should be equidistant from their common ancestral node. In contrast, the restricted gene flow hypothesis …


It is possible to suffer simultaneously from acalculia and renal calculi, which is an odd state of affairs, on reflection. Both terms come from the Latin calculus , a small stone: a word that is formed by adding a diminutive ending to calx, the Latin word for chalk or limestone. Calx gives us our words calcium and calcine ; but the os calcis , you may note, is not a particularly chalky bone. For reasons unknown, the Romans also used calx to mean "heel," and our word recalcitrant derives from that usage: it suggests a person who is liable to kick with their heels, like a mule.

But we should return to the little stones: they can be used to calculate …


The pervasiveness of mobile applications stimulates more eager demand for Quality of Experience (QoE) than Quality of Service (QoS), especially on the aspect of link scheduling in wireless networks. In many applications, end users concern more about transmission quality of an individual task rather than an individual packet. A task may correspond to a piece of video, music, etc. And may include many packets. This paper proposes a new network model aiming at improving users' experience that pushes the scheduling problem to the task layer. We first introduce a QoE requirement that can generalize the QoS requirement in link scheduling, the partial result requirement. Subsequently, a novel scheduling policy is proposed which can capture this requirement for each task, and then performs an application-aware scheduling. We theoretically analyze the performance of the novel scheduling policy, and discuss the impact of the QoE requirements and network settings. Finally, the simulation results indicate that our scheduling policy can significantly improve QoE.


Not only learners majoring in computer science, but also non-engineered learners want to implement their ideas as apps through real-life problems. In response, first-year university students with little experience in creating apps studied how to develop mobile platform apps to improve computing thinking skills. We applied the teaching and learning procedures of the Discovery-Design-Development among the software teaching and learning models, and used Android Studio Unified Development Environment (IDE) as a development tool to design mobile platform app development projects and assess whether they helped improve computing thinking skills. The application of the designed teaching and learning method found that the project output was implemented as an app through emulator, which gave students high interest in class and satisfaction, and was effective in improving their computing thinking ability. 키워드 컴퓨팅 사고력(Computational Thinking), 교수·학습 방법(Teaching and learning methods)


This paper is presenting the overview of theoretic approach to Real Effective Exchange Rate (REER) and Nominal Effective Exchange Rate (NEER) indicators calculation for Bosnia and Herzegovina. Special attention is dedicated to statistical difficulties in calculation and still limited implementation of this approach in Bosnia and Herzegovina. NEER and REER indices are indicators by themselves that BH has to work a lot to improve its competitiveness position. It is a widely known statement that a country's competitiveness improves when the relative price of its tradable goods declines. BH mostly trade with its raw materials, which are mostly natural wealth of the county like wood, coal and aluminium, so this cannot be a long-term and permanent solution for the country.


The Grotta degli Animali of the Villa Medici di Castello, Florence, Italy, houses a varied range of life-size mammals in polychrome marble, perhaps created by Cosimo Fancelli around 1555, on a model by Baccio Bandinelli. This paper describes and identifies the mammalian species portrayed, bearing in mind, however, the possible influence of an iconographic tradition, as well as the probable inspiration from mythological and legendary sources.


Active and adaptive structures, also commonly called 'smart' structures, combine in one integrated system various functions such as load carrying and structural function, mechanical (cinematic) functions, sensing, control and actuating. Originally developed for high accuracy opto-mechanical applications, CSEM's technology of flexure structures and flexible mechanisms is particularly suited to solve many structural and mechanical issues found in such active/adaptive mechanisms. The paper illustrates some recent flexure structures developments at CSEM and outlines the comprehensive know-how involved in this technology. This comprises in particular the elaboration of optimal design guidelines, related to the geometry, kinematics and dynamics issues (for instance, the minimization of spurious high frequency effects), the evaluation and predictability of all performance quantities relevant to the utilization of flexure structures in space (reliability, fatigue, static and dynamic modeling, etc.). material issues and manufacturing procedures.


Title Synthesis of the ABCDEF-Ring of Ciguatoxin 3C [an abstract of dissertation and a summary of dissertation review] Author(s) 佐藤, たくと Citation 北海道大学. 博士(理学) 甲第12781号 Issue Date 2017-03-23 Doc URL http://hdl.handle.net/2115/65425 Rights(URL) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.1/jp/ Type theses (doctoral abstract and summary of review) Additional Information There are other files related to this item in HUSCAP. Check the above URL. File Information Takuto_Sato_review.pdf (審査の要旨)


Care is the most important concept that constitutes the core of nursing. NursesÂ' perceptions on care influences the quality of care practices greatly. It is especially important that nursing care is adequate and effective at intensive care units where care is provided for patients with complex and life-threatening problems. This study was conducted with the aim of determining the perceptions of nurses on the concept of care and their care practices. This qualitative study was conducted at an intensive care unit in the Southeastern Anatolia Region in Turkey. The study was performed with 17 intensive care nurses. Private face-to-face semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect the data. The data were analyzed using the method of content analysis. All the nurses stated that the concept of care is the basis of nursing. As a result of the analysis of the data, three main themes were determined. (a) Perception of care; physical care, psychological and physical care, (b) Care; care practice, care responsibility, contribution of care practices to perception of nursing as a profession, (c) Feelings after care; feeling happy, feeling of fulfilling your responsibility. Care perceptions and care practices of intensive care nurses should be improved further.


The development of potentiometric e-tongue system based on ion-selective electrodes prepared with PVC solvent polymeric membranes doped with new type of acyclic squaramide receptors L1-L5 for fast screening of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, ketoprofen and naproxen, in aqueous media is reported. The e-tongue system has shown the ability of effective discrimination among very similar ketoprofen (KF) and naproxen (NS) drugs, and the possibility to detect these analytes at the concentration as low as 0.7uM, with R2 of 0.947 and 0.919 NS-Na and KF-Lys, respectively, was shown.


The objective of this research was to study the capacity of a new biosorbent from Acacia saligna leaf powder (ASLP) to remove methylene blue (MB) under varying operating conditions: initial concentration of the dye, the mass of biosorbent, adsorption time, pH, temperature and ionic strength. ASLP surface morphology, structural, and thermal properties were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis, respectively. The study showed the significant role of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, which are rich in functional groups such as –OH, –COOH, and –NH 2 , in the adsorption mechanism, enabling the effective binding of MB molecules. The Langmuir isotherm model was found to be the most suitable model for describing the experimental data, exhibiting a high coefficient of determination ( R 2 = 0.993). At room temperature, the maximum adsorption capacity achieved was 71.43 mg·g –1 . The pseudo-second-order model ( R 2 = 1) provided a better description of the adsorption process of MB by ASLP compared to the pseudo-first-order model ( R 2 = 0.86). This observation can be attributed to the formation of a monolayer on the external surface of ASLP. The thermodynamic analysis indicated that the adsorption process was spontaneous, exothermic. The potential for regenerating and reusing the adsorbent was also investigated. The study findings highlight that A. saligna leaf powder is a cost-effective biosorbent that is readily accessible and adheres with the principles of green chemistry for the efficient removal of methylene blue from wastewater.


Photograph of a two-story flour mill with an upside down star painted on one side along with the name, "Roller Mills." A group of people are standing in and around the foreground of the mill, some visible in the doorway and in the open windows. Text written on the top of the mat reads, "Goldthwaite Roller Flour Mill, started May 26,1899". Names written on the back of the photo mat read, "Reading from left to wright [sic]- Bart Potter, Evelyn Priel, Jack Larswall, Miss Peck, Nellie Hiller, Leslie Price, Joe A. Price, Herbert Price, Miss Cropp, (Man Unknown), Mrs. Hiller, J. W. Gresham on wagon - 2 Boys, unknown, Sara Hiller [illegible] Miller in window up stairs". More writing down the center of the back reads, "This Mill was started up May 26 -1899- Joe A. Price owner."


Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) document the impact of a health condition judged by the patient, not through a clinician. An effective PROM requires construct and content validity, reliability and accuracy, as well as the ability to capture change over time for the clinical condition.


Feminism has had an uneasy alliance with Hannah Arendt. Indeed, it is difficult to find any recent theorist whose thought has received quite the same vigorous treatment as Arendt's. Perhaps the widest fault-line in this ongoing consideration lies in the tension that exists between feminist constructs of the public and private and Arendt's own starkly unusual reconstructions. However, Arendt's commentary on the modern age, even her insisted separation of the public and private, sheds great light on the historically situated condition of sexism. Through careful reading, we can see that an Arendtian sense of place, far from relegating women to the home, may be the only hope for reviving the spaces of action for both women and men.


Chemistry is an indispensable subject in the junior high school curriculum system, and chemistry experiment is the foundation of chemistry. Students need to observe theoretical phenomena to consolidate theoretical knowledge. Under the concept of new curriculum standards, junior high school chemistry experiment teaching has received great attention. This paper simply introduces the developing situation of the junior middle school chemical experiment teaching, expounds the important role of experimental teaching for junior middle school chemistry education, and mainly explores the junior middle school chemical experiment teaching under the new curriculum standard, in order to promote the better development of junior middle school chemical experiment teaching, cultivate students' exploring consciousness, and improve the middle school chemistry knowledge skills.


A study was conducted to record the mineral status in soil, fodder and serum from 4 districts of Tripura state, viz. West, South, North and Dhalai Tripura. Soil samples from these districts showed an overall average prevalence of phosphorus, zinc, copper and cobalt deficiency. Similarly, overall prevalence of calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), phosphorus (P), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), and selenium (Se) deficiency in fodder was 8.24%, 9.61%, 27.47%, 44.78%, 30.21%, 4.12%, 39.28%, and 4.67% respectively. The overall prevalence of serum P, Zn, Cu, Co, and Se deficiency was 30.03%, 36.75%, 35.96%, 38.73% and 6.32% respectively. Cattle of Tripura State were highly deficient in phosphorus. Soil, fodder and cattle of Tripura State were highly deficient in zinc followed by copper and cobalt.


Teacher education programs have met with limited success in improving teachers' understanding of the nature of science (NOS). Research suggests that such efforts could be enhanced by addressing NOS in preservice teachers' science courses. We planned NOS instruction in a physical science content course for preservice elementary teachers. Our first concern was the NOS views of the instructors for the course, which included undergraduate teaching assistants (UTAs). We examined the NOS views of nine UTAs, and the impact of job-embedded professional development on their views. Although initially UTAs held a number of views inconsistent with science education reforms, four modes of explicit-and-reflective interventions, including analysis of NOS views of preservice teachers, resulted in favorable changes in UTAs' views. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Sci Ed90:912–935, 2006


The present didactical propose is referred about biological transformation of biomass that include CTS perspective and the "school science" whose obetives are related to the diary life in the context of usefuls and believed theoretical models that are going to evolute and the methodology used is referred to solving open problems that makes more susceptibility and dialog in the classroom.


a smaller number, between 40%and 50%,of lesions in the extremities or skull are due to metastatic disease. A soli tar)' rib lesion is much less likely to be metastatic in origin. A recent articleon solitary riblesions showed that approx imately 10%of these are due to metastatic disease in pa tients with known malignancies (11). An isolated sternal lesion in a patient with breast carcinoma has a probability of almost 80%of being due to metastatic disease (5). The development of the solitary bone lesion in a patient with a known soft-tissue malignancyis not uncommon. In a review of 160 consecutive cases of patients with breast cancer, Boxer et al. showed that approximately 20% of patients relapsed with a solitary bone lesion, most com monly in the spine (3). These studies were performed every 6 mo and presumably, if the scans had been per formed more frequently, a higher incidence of solitary le sions may have been found. When the bone scan shows a solitary lesion in a patient with a known malignancy, it is importantto undertakefurtherevaluationwith plain films, CTorMRI. Another finding seen in the evaluation of patients with metastatic disease is the "flare phenomenon,―where there is worsening, or even new lesions, on the bone scan during the first several months following new chemotherapy, while the patient's clinical condition improves (12—16). †̃fltis also occurs in patients following orchiectomy (17) and radiation therapy (18). A repeat bone scan will show marked improvement after several months. The flare phe nomenon occurs in up to 20% of patients; however, the frequency obviously depends on tumor type, therapeutic regimen and the interval between therapy and the bone scan.


The Grand Canal is the longest artificial waterway stretching from China's north to south.The work to protect the Grand Canal and apply for its World Heritage status began in earnest in 2008 when an alliance of the cities along the canal was officially formed.Commissioned by the State Administration of Cultural Heritage of China,Chinese Academy of Cultural Heritage and Southeast University co-worked on the master plan for the protection work.An experts committee specialized in the protection and application was also founded.A panel composed of the allied cities was set in September 2012 in Yangzhou to discuss and finalize the master plan for the protection.The final application is to be submitted to the UNESCO in 2013.The State Administration of Cultural Heritage has been clear from the beginning that the campaign to apply for the World Heritage status for the Grand Canal is only a way to promote the protection for it,the core of which is to disclose and present the outstanding universal value and Chinese cultural characteristics conveyed by the canal and to enable the continuity and sustainability of this heritage.The application process is more like an exam for Chinese academic and administrative fields to pass.


The developmental durations and body length of five major grasshoppers in Inner Mongolia grasslands were determined under the conditions of photoperiod = 16L: 8D,temperature = L29℃ : D26℃ and relative humidity = 60%. The results showed that the nympha durations and adult longevities varied significantly among five grasshoppers. Calliptamus abbreviatus Ikonn and Oedaleus asiaticus(Bienko) were the longest in the developmental durations of nymphae,secondly Pararcyptera microptera meridionalis(Ikonn.) and Epacromius coerulipes( Ivan.),and Dasyhippus barbipes( F.-W.) was the shortest. In female adult longevity,P. microptera meridionalis and C. abbreviatus were the longest,secondly E. coerulipes and O. asiaticus,and the shortest was D. barbipes. In male adult longevity,E. coerulipes was the longest,secondly C. abbreviatus and P. microptera meridionalis,and the shortest were O. asiaticus and D. barbipes. The body length of nymphae and adults varied significantly among five grasshoppers,and increased with the growth and development of nymphae. The female adults varied the most significantly in body length. The longest was P. microptera meridionalis,secondly O. asiaticus,thirdly C. abbreviatus and E. coerulipes,the least was D. barbipes. All of the male adults were shorter than the corresponding female in body length. P. microptera meridionalis was the longest,O. asiaticus was longer than C. abbreviatus,but did not vary significantly with E. coerulipes and D. barbipes.


Pu/sup 239/ nitrate solutions were used for studying the adsorption of Pu(N) on glass and vitreous silica; the concentration of the solutions was varied from 1 x 10/sup -8/ to 5 x 10/sup -10/M while using silica discs and small glass beakers as adsorbents. A period of 5 to 8 hours was needed to reach the adsorptive equilibrium of the Pu at various pH values; the distribution of the Pu between the solution and the surface of the adsorbent was determined by measuring the alpha -activity with a 4 pi counter. The adsorption coefficient was expressed as the ratio of the activities 1 cm/sup 2//l cm/sup 3/ solution x 100. It was found that the adsorption on both surfaces tested increases with increasing H ion concentration. Silica exhibited a considerably higher adsorptive capacity than glass. A decrease of the Pu(N) concentration resulted in a shift of the absorption maximum toward higher pH values, from pH = 2.8 to 3.6; this was due to the formation of a colloidal Pu because the solubility product of Pu hydroxide was reached. Desorption studies indicated that in the case of solutions with pH 4. The presence of sharp maxima in the curves pointed toward the existence of true Pu colloids at pH approx equal 3. (TTT)« less


Due to a lack of quantitative understanding of motion law of ball,the time dependence of velocity and displacement of ball have been studies by using Matlab software in the course of measuring liquid viscosity coefficient by the falling-ball method.The calculations results show that it takes 0.03 second when the ball accelerates from no-speed initial state to uniform motion state addressed as terminal velocity,only shifting distance of 1 millimeter.Therefore,we don't need consider a reserved distance in the course of measuring terminal velocity.


The authors present results obtained, and procedures and techniques evolved for the manufacture and assessment of a micromechanical membrane light modulator. This consists of a 1 cm/sup 2/ silicon chip, coated with a one micron surface layer of thermal deposited oxide. An array of square holes is etched into the oxide and each hole or well contains a silicon photodiode. A polymer film is lowered onto the silicon chip and bonds to the oxide surface. It lies across the etched holes like a drumskin and is the deformable element. The membrane surface is then coated with silver using a standard evaporation technique. Each element forms an airgap capacitor between the silicon surface and membrane. >


The shortest distance between the Mataihao coal mining and the Hongjiannao coal mining is 2 km. The correct evaluation of the Mataihao coal mining on the recharge amount of Hongjiannao Lake is one of the urgent problems which need to be solved during the course of the rational development and utilization of coal resources. According to regional and mine field geological, hydrogeology survey, this paper predicts the ground deformation by use of probability integral model, calculates the water flowing fractured zone height by the formula and calculating the development height of water conducting fracture zone based on "Three Lowers" regulation. The influence of the coal mining subsidence on Hongjiannao surface, underground runoff and the groundwater system is analyzed. Research shows that: without major changes of the terrain after the whole mine field exploitation, the surface water and phreatic water continued to hold its majority flow concentration trend and hydraulic gradient changes or phreatic water exposed in a local area. The maximum reduction in surface water replenishment to Hongjiannao only accounts for 1.47% of its natural surface runoff. Coal mining doesn't directly affect the Hongjiannao aquifers because of stable aquifuges in Jurassic Zhiluo formation.


In this paper we explore the use of time‐variable tracer data as a complementary tool for model structure evaluation. We augment the modular rainfall‐runoff modeling framework FUSE (Framework for Understanding Structural Errors) with the ability to track the age distribution of water in all model stores and fluxes. We therefore gain the novel ability to compare tracer/water age signatures measured in a catchment with those predicted using hydrological models built from components based on four existing popular models. Key modeling decisions available in FUSE are evaluated against streamflow tracer dynamics using weekly observations of tracer concentration which reflect the tracer transit time distribution (TTD). Model structure choice is shown to have a significant effect on simulated water age characteristics, even when simulated flow series are very similar. We show that for a Scottish case study catchment, careful selection of model structure enables good predictions of both streamflow and tracer dynamics. We then use FUSE as a hypothesis testing tool to understand how different model characterization of TTDs and mean transit times affect multicriteria model performance. We demonstrate the importance of time variation in TTDs in simulating water movement along fast flow pathways, and investigate sensitivity of the models to assumptions about our ability to sample fast, near‐surface flow.


Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to map the current organisation and implementation of children's services in three regions of Spain, to identify strengths and gaps and to suggest proposals for improvement in line with European recommendations.

Design/methodology/approach

Spain features a decentralised approach when it comes to the organisation of children's services. This means that relevant themes for children's services refer to decentralised policies, which diverge within the regions in the country and therefore to illustrate this the authors focus on three specific regions. The study used an exploratory case study design and relied on qualitative methods, including the answers to open questionnaires provided by senior civil servants at key regional child welfare agencies, children's services directors and service providers.

Findings

The main finding from the review of the legislation and the answers to the questionnaires is that public social services still follow an assistance logic rather than a social investment approach in regards to children's services. Although a significant development of laws and policies has taken place, ensuring the implementation, monitoring and evaluation of programmes and services for children remains a challenge.

Research limitations/implications

The answers provided by the respondents may be subject to limitations imposed by the agencies for which they work. A general disadvantage of qualitative research is the use of subjective criteria to interpret the relevance of the results. The study was further challenged by differences across regions when it comes to their legal and policy frameworks, development of provisions and implementation and outcomes' evaluation.

Practical implications

The findings could be used to assess the state of play in regards to children's services across the regions studied and beyond with a focus on children being placed at the centre of public services' intervention, using a comprehensive approach and promoting critical thinking and reflective practice.

Social implications

The three selected case studies provide additional insight into policy and legal developments, implementation and evaluation of activities and efforts to improve policy and practice in children's services.

Originality/value

This paper contributes to the evaluation of the current situation of children's services in Spain from a decentralised perspective with the aim to facilitate changes to improve planning, implementation and evaluation of children's services and secure better outcomes for children.


work the of investigating the nature of the inhibition of lactic acid formation in muscle is brought about by pancreatic and other extracts. This be caused by the amylase present in it was that inhibition could be about by amylase from various


The book describes the information security consequences if that is not compromised. It explores the file system design approaches or methodologies. It lightens the taxonomy of file system evaluation frameworks and elaborates the designs issues tracing file systems. The types of storage systems and storage encryption are discussed. The evaluation of the Java File Security System is documented.


The properties and microstructure of wood-cement compositions (WCC) with microsilica (MS) additive for the manufacture of small-pieces wall products are studied. The extreme dependences of mean density, thermal conductivity and compressive strength on the content of microsilica additive are established. The mechanism of microsilica effect on wood-cement compositions is offered. Two interrelated factors (chemical and physical) could be distinguished at that. The first factor includes mainly the interaction of silicon dioxide with lime having released during hydration of calcium silicates, i.e. pozzolatic process. The second factor lies in the compaction of wood-cement compositions and the cement stone structure by means of cement hydration products and silica particles. It is established that introducing 20% of microsilica in the composition results in the maximum increase in ultimate compression strength (3 times). It can be explained not only by forming calcium hydrosilicates, uniformly and densely covering the wood aggregate, but by compacting effect of spherical microsilica inclusions, filling the space between the new cement stone formations and wood aggregate.


Recent work has shown that dry deposition and gas exchange of semivolatile organic compounds in the Great Lakes is important. However, there is no generally accepted method for collecting particulate dry deposition or gas exchange. In this work the Water Surface Sampler (WSS) was modified and used in combination with dry deposition plates to measure the particulate dry deposition and gas exchange of PAHs. Simultaneous dry deposition and ambient air samples were collected between June and October 1995 in Chicago, IL. Total (particulate + gas) fluxes were measured with the WSS, while particulate fluxes were measured with dry deposition plates. Average Σ14-PAH and particulate Σ14-PAH fluxes were 360 ± 146 μg/m2 d and 144 ± 60 μg/m2 d, respectively. Gas-phase fluxes, determined by subtracting the dry deposition plate fluxes (particulate) from WSS fluxes (particulate + gas), averaged 170 ± 72 μg/m2 d. The measured particulate dry deposition and gas exchange fluxes were substantially higher than those previousl...


Failover is the process of moving the link from link to link primary backup in case of link fail. Failover can be applied to a variety of routing protocols. Routing protocol that will be tested is the routing protocol BGP and OSPF. BGP has a hold time so that when the link is down will be ensured in advance whether a link is broken or just broke up shortly. If the link is broken the hold of time past the time the routing will be immediately cut off. In contrast to OSPF that have no hold time. Direct links will be moved to the backup link if only momentarily. The methodology used in this final project was to test the failover on the same topology but with different routing protocols. Will be used 3 pieces of fruit a router and a PC as a client. The core of the topology to be tested is to have a source address, the primary link, the backup link, and the destination address. The expected result is to figure out their respective advantages and disadvantages of routing protocols in the process of failover. With the acquisition of the test results can be taken into consideration for selecting a routing protocol on the network. Routing protocol that is used must also be adapted to the network to be created.


This dissertation consists of three papers. In the first paper, a methodology of building an IC model capable of predicting failures for given disturbances at the clock input based on limited or no knowledge about IC internals was developed. In the second paper, the maximized radiated emissions of the heat-sink/IC structure are predicted up to 40 GHz by creating an equivalent source using the measured electrical field in the gap between the heatsink and ICs. The electric field is detected by an E-field probe made of an open coaxial cable coated with absorbing material. A numerical model is built in CST microwave studio to obtain the maximized radiated field with the measured field used as a source to excite the heat-sink model. The evaluated maximized radiated field is in good agreement with the measured value; the error is within 6 dB. In the third paper, a characterization method for converters with stochastic behavior is presented. The averaged and maximized spectrum of the measured voltages and currents are used to create the model. The phase information is obtained using a dedicated reference channel. After the equivalent source was determined, the actual induced noise voltage at the test load was compared to that predicted by the model with averaged and maximized spectrum to estimate its accuracy. The results indicate that the agreement with the direct measurement is within 5 dB up to 100 MHz when the load is within the characterization range.


We use focused interviews with managers of foreign parent banks and their affiliates in Central Europe and the Baltic States to analyze the small-business lending and internal capital markets of multinational financial institutions. Our approach allows us to complement the standard empirical literature, which has difficulty in analyzing important issues such as lending technologies and capital allocation. We find that the acquisition of local banks by foreign banks has not led to a persistent bias in these banks' credit supply toward large multinational corporations. Instead, increased competition and the improvement of subsidiaries' lending technologies have led foreign banks to gradually expand into the SME and retail markets. Second, it is demonstrated that local bank affiliates are strongly influenced by the capital allocation and credit steering mechanisms of the parent bank.


In this paper,for the machining quality problem of hard-cutting materials dry cutting,using the orthogonal experiment method,it finds out major factor of affect surface roughness of hard-cutting materials dry cutting.At the same time,we had done some test about the relationship between raw surface and machined surface,and the experimental result shows that the machined surface quality is related little with the interaction of raw surface.We have proved that the method which is applied to the dry cutting quality assurance and parameter optimization for hard-cutting materials,and have the instruction meaning to the actual production.


Identification of predictive biomarkers for targeted drugs is an active research area in precision oncology. Usually, a genetic alteration in the drug target is used to identify responders, which can limit the use of the drug in other responsive cancers. Alternatively, cell line-based drug sensitivity data are used to build machine-learning models to identify predictive biomarkers. These methods require large amounts of data and the black-box models developed are often hard to interpret. Synthetic lethality provides an alternate approach for predictive biomarker identification of targeted drugs. In synthetic lethal (SL) interactions, a defect in one gene leads to dependency on a second gene. Neither defect by itself is essential for survival, but together they lead to cell death. Thus, the inhibition of the drug target in the presence of a cancer-specific genetic alteration would result in cancer cell death. The genetic alterations can be used as biomarkers for the drug. We developed a novel computational pipeline for predictive biomarker identification based on our tool, Mining Synthetic Lethals (MiSL), that mines SL interactions from pan-cancer primary tumor data (such as TCGA). Since MiSL utilizes primary human tumor data, it enables the identification of SL interactions in the native context of human tumors and is more likely to find relationships relevant to in vivo tumor biology than shRNA/CRISPR screens. To discover biomarkers of a targeted drug, we used MiSL to identify genetic alterations that are SL with targets of the drug in a specific cancer type. As proof of principle, we applied our method to identify biomarkers of sudemycin-D6 (SD6), a potent splicing modulator, in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). First, we identified putative drug targets of SD6. Since SD6 is known to inhibit SF3B1, any gene belonging to the same protein complex as SF3B1 was termed a SD6 drug target. Using these SD6 drug targets, our MiSL-based pipeline identified KRAS mutations, present in ~30% of NSCLC patients, as a SD6 biomarker. To confirm our predictions, we treated a panel of KRAS-mutant-and-dependent NSCLC lines (H358, H23 and H441) and a KRAS-WT NSCLC line (H2228) with SD6 and measured cell viability. All KRAS-mutant lines tested were significantly more sensitive to SD6 (> 5-30X lower IC50) than the KRAS-WT line. Furthermore, the KRAS-mutant lines were also more sensitive (5-20X lower IC50), compared to the KRAS-WT line, to a splicing modulator of a different class – a kinase inhibitor that phosphorylates components of the spliceosome. In vivo studies are underway to further validate our in vitro findings. This study identifies KRAS mutation as a novel predictive biomarker for splicing modulators in NSCLC, which could lead to new therapeutic options for KRAS-mutated NSCLC. Furthermore, our work demonstrates the feasibility of a synthetic lethality-based pipeline to predict biomarkers for targeted drugs. Citation Format: Claire E. Repellin, Puja Patel, Yihui Shi, Helena Gong, Thomas R. Webb, Lidia Sambucetti, Subarna Sinha. Synthetic lethality-based predictive biomarker identification of splicing modulators in lung cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4015.


Purpose: The article aims to formulate basic assumptions defining the resilience of complex systems falling within social logistics' scope of interest. The article emphasizes the importance of general systems theory for the contemporary understanding of management sciences, with particular emphasis on logistics. The authors of the article have also characterized, based on the current state of literature, the concept of social logistics as one of the three "clean" types of logistics, positioning it alongside military and economic logistics Design/methodology/approach: The article presents an overview of approaches to the crystallizing issue of social logistics in literature. The analyzed object of research was referred to the general theory of systems and conclusions were drawn in the form of proposals to shape the social logistics system. In addition, the authors presented an original proposal for the composition of the social logistics system based on observation of the activities of social entities and in-depth analysis of Polish and foreign literature. Findings: Then it was proposed to consolidate the term 'social logistics system resilience' and to conduct empirical research along with an outline of the research procedure. The proposed research procedure will be used and the results of research conducted in accordance with it – described in subsequent articles of the authors. Social implications: In the article, it was concluded that the subject of the study is relatively broad, and the link between the topic of social logistics and supply chain resilience is a research gap that will be filled by series of articles, the starting link of which is this one. The analyzes contained in the article refer to a large extent to the problems of comfort in social life, with particular emphasis on human needs of a social nature. Originality/value The originality of the article express in compiling the issues of social logistics with issues of systems' resilience. In the face of the constantly observed negative phenomena disrupting the functioning of social logistics systems, the topic of their resilience is of particular importance.


This article analyzes the main practices of cultural preservation in Brazil, specially those that concern the Western civilization, consecrated by the association of forms and principles of the baroque and the modern artistic production. This association is based on the notion of universality of the brazilian art and culture, shared by modernists such as Rodrigo Melo Franco de Andrade, Carlos Drummond de Andrade and Lucio Costa, functionaries of theServico do Patrimonio Historico e Artistico Nacional.


The notion and function of boundary differed fundamentally in the European and African contexts. In traditional Africa, the concept of boundary was expressed in terms of neighbours with whom the particular polity shared a territory and such a boundary was conceived of in terms of a region or a narrow zone fronting the two neighbours marked off by it. Thus, the boundary was the zone where two States were joined together, not separated. In other words, African boundaries were usually rooted in ethnic and social contact. But European partition of Africa conceived boundaries as physical separation points. Africans who had become frontiersmen had no immediate knowledge that their lands and kin divided by the boundary were now "foreign". They did not know that the new boundaries functioned differently from the traditionally familiar ones. They thought the former was only for the white men until they were checked at crossing points. Its impact on their relations with their kin and neighbours made them to create secret routes across the frontiers. But these new borders soon faded in their minds in favour of their familiar economic and sociocultural interactions, and providing favourable breading spaces for new border stakes, namely, prostitution, smuggling and child trafficking. Often, the border regimes participated and surrendered their authority to the overwhelming influence of these phenomena. This paper, therefore, attempts a theoretical approach to the notion of boundaries, the valorisation of ethnic rather than international prescript boundaries by the inhabitants of Abongshe and Abong, and shows how their activities render this Cameroon-Nigeria frontier line a cooperating and blending zone. It, of course, brings to book the famous African-frontier- prone-conflict paradigm.


—Soft errors induced by radiations are one of the most challenging issues impacting the electronic systems' reliability. In the embedded domain, system designers often rely on Double Modular Redundancy (DMR) to reach the desired level of reliability. This solution has increasing overhead, given the complexity achieved by modern microprocessors in all domains. This paper addresses the promising field of using efficient machine-learning powered cores for the detection of soft errors. To create such cores and make them general enough to work with different software applications, microarchitectural attributes are a fascinating option as candidate fault detection features. Several processors already track these features through dedicated Performance Monitoring Units. However, there is an open question to understand to what extent they are enough to detect faulty executions. This paper moves a step forward in this direction. Exploiting the capability of gem5 to simulate real computing systems, perform fault injection experiments and profile microarchitectural attributes (i.e., gem5 Stats), this paper presents the results of a comprehensive analysis regarding the potential attributes to be used for soft error detec- tion and associated models that can be trained with these features. Particular emphasis was devoted to understanding whether event timing could bring additional information to the detection task. This information is crucial to identify the best machine learning models to employ in this challenging task.


The article begins by analyzing the dynamics of regional inequalities in the total GDP in Mexico from 1970-1990, in order to determine whether during the 1990s, which were marked by Mexico's openness to international trade, there were significant modifications in the territorial organization of economic activities characterized by the preeminence of Mexico City. It then studies the regional growth of the urban population between 1970 and 1995 and its distribution by size of city. Thirdly, it reviews the urban and regional policies of federal government during the 1990s to clarify the status of policies involving the deconcentration of economic activities and the population in national territory. It concludes that the urban laissez-faire policies implemented by federal and state governments, together with the globalization of the economy, will promote polycentric concentration in two or three cities, dominated by the megalopolis in the center of the country.


We describe the application of a finite element time domain approach for modeling EM problems whose geometries are two-dimensional in nature and can be meshed by using prism elements. The use of prism elements significantly reduces the number of unknowns. The proposed method uses edge elements on a prism element to model the spatial variation of the fields and employs finite differences in time to solve the time varying Maxwell's equations. To validate and investigate the accuracy of the algorithm, we first applied the method to study the resonant frequencies of various microwave cavities. Furthermore, one of the most difficult problems associated with finite element modeling is the discretization of the problem domain. We discretize the cross section by triangles, and extend them to form the prism mesh for the computation. Delaunay triangulation techniques have been chosen to automatically discretize any two dimensional cross section into triangles. One of the properties of Delaunay triangulation is that the circumcircle of a Delaunay triangle may not contain another Delaunay vertex in its interior. Hence, in the event that the fourth point of the quadrilateral is located within the circle, the diagonal is swapped. This circle-swapping technique forms the heart of our two-dimensional mesh generation.


The present design is that as, more particularly, to input and output terminals located at the upper end of the instrument transformer current transformer for made of a conventional one-piece and built-up on the instrument transformer current transformer for the structure of the input and output terminals connected to a cable connection member exposed to the outside, here Dongda (Bus bar) to connect to and to to the wires insufficient insulation to improve the problem of the electric shock, the input-output terminal is formed in a bushing well (Busingwell) shape or a bushing (Busing) the shape of the conical cylindrical epoxy 'side top surface and one "" the top surface of a resin, "" an aspect, "" one by being formed either one of the sides and the other side "is selected, so tightening the cable connecting the direct, addition not at all exposed to the output terminal eliminating the need for sub-installation mechanism, such as fabrics protection device, since the high-voltage charging, including input and output terminals is electrically isolated between the high voltage live part and ground, or between phases Standing apart insulated to minimize the distance it relates to a current transformer Instrument transformers for the economy and safety of high power demand is reduced installation space.


The distance between a quantum state and its closest state not having a certain property has been used to quantify the amount of correlations corresponding to that property. This approach allows a unified view of the various kinds of correlations present in a quantum system. In particular, using relative entropy as a distance measure, total correlations can be meaningfully separated into a quantum part and a classical part thanks to an additive relation involving only the distances between states. Here we investigate a unified view of correlations using as a distance measure the square norm, which has already been used to define the so-called geometric quantum discord. We thus also consider geometric quantifiers for total and classical correlations, finding, for a quite general class of bipartite states, their explicit expressions. We analyze the relationship among geometric total, quantum, and classical correlations, and we find that they no longer satisfy a closed additivity relation.


At first glance, the Elmo-workstool seems unremarkable: it is just a chair (fig. 1). Developed between the world wars in the Elmowerk, the small electrical motors division of Siemens-Schuckertwerke, the Elmo-workstool has several features that are now standard in chairs marketed as "ergonomic," including its broad, scooped seat and its adjustable, curved backrest. The potential of the Elmo-workstool to increase worker efficiency and lessen fatigue earned it a place in an exhibition on work spaces and seating that opened in Berlin in 1929 and toured Germany during 1931–32.1 This display did more than demonstrate specific ways to enhance physical comfort and support, however. It also illustrated an industrial need for regularity and uniformity in human motions and signaled the creation of a pathology of movements that did not fit industrial patterns. To combat this new pathology, the exhibition offered a solution: workers would be rendered efficient through a mechanical form of discipline in which their individual movements would be constrained, much as were those of a machine. The methods on display therefore went beyond a simple choreography of allowable motions to include physical structures that supported, directed, and constrained workers into regular and uniform movements.2 Efficiency and Pathology


Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is an extremely important perinatal pathogen. Each year, approximately 1 percent of susceptible women seroconvert during pregnancy. Although sexual transmission of CMV can occur, most pregnant women acquire CMV infection through exposure to children in their own home or from occupational exposure to children in day care or elementary school. Exposure typically occurs as a result of contact with contaminated saliva, urine, or fomites such as toys. Approximately 40 percent of pregnant women with a primary infection transmit CMV to their fetuses. Rates of transmission are highest when maternal infection occurs in the third trimester; however, the risk . . .


Mineral prospecting by experience and that by anomaly will be the two important methods for mineral prospecting in the next century. The GIS technology can be used to study the coupling degree and the occurrence number of the geochemical anomalies and their related deposits. It can also be used to study the favorable degree for mineral prospecting of the anomalies of different elements, the anomalies of different grades of the same elements and the combination of two different elements. It is approved that the combination of the two methods could greatly improve the effects of mineral prospecting.


OBJECTIVE To develop a rapid method for determination of aconitine in biology samples by LC-MS/MS.METHODS Aconitine and the internal standard tramadol were extracted from biology samples using diethyl ether-dichloromethane(3:2),and separated on a Venusil Mp-C18 column.Detection was carried out by multiple reaction monitoring(MRM) on a Q-trapTM LC-MS/MS system with an ESI interface in the positive ion mode.RESULTS The linear arrang was 3-5 000 ng·mL-1.The accuracy was 1.8% and the intra-and inter-day precision were 2.5% and 4.6%,respectively.The recovery was between 85.61% and 89.04%.CONCLUSION This method is simple and rapid,which can be used for the determination of aconitine in biology samples by LC-MS/MS.


Summary The author points the importance of building local relationships on reducing the migration fl ow. The stabilization of labor market should be part of economic policy mainly in post-communist countries. Although many people think that Hungary has recovered from the shock following the collapse of the socialist economy, the economic indicators show a nonending period of a long transition. The more developed economies might have prepared the scenarios of overcoming the demographic crisis. The labour markets of Eastern Europe, including Hungary, become supply sources of the labour demand of prospering countries. Besides, the tolerance of the population is getting lower. It is diffi cult to adopt measures protecting the labour market in the period of economic integration and liberation. The necessary tools of setting up a good migration strategy are exploring the strata-specifi c reasons for and motives of emigration, establishing a dialogue and concerted regional and national employment policy. I would like to introduce all these as well as the current fi ndings of my research in my paper Although the different schools of thought of economics did not deal with migration directly, their approach can be deduced from their views relating to labour. The change in the economic thinking appears in the migration theories. The various schools of thought of economics gave different explanation and signifi cance to labour allocation. None of the schools of thought alone can totally explain the reason for migration and its direction, size, macroeconomic infl uence. However, they provided new aspects to help us understand and forecast the international movement of labour force. Economic thinking at the end of the 20 th century – in which "new economics" is dominant – regards innovation and information technology such an important factor of production that it speaks of a completely new age in economic history.


Following prospect theory we consider decision making under risk in which the decision maker''s preferences depend on a reference outcome. An outcome below this reference outcome is regarded as resulting from a loss: a loss decreases the decision maker''s basic utility more than a comparable gain increases this utility. An elegant and simple method to model this phenomenon was proposed by Shalev (2002): the utility of an outcome below the reference outcome is obtained from the basic utility by subtracting a multiple of the loss in basic utility: this multiple, the loss aversion coefficient, is constant across different reference outcomes. We provide a preference foundation for this loss aversion model.


Results from empirical research in requirements engineering lead us to characterise work processes, not as evolutionary and systematic, but as semi structured, emergent and creative. These same properties are found in situated action models where work is described as emergent and self defining. At another level within these processes, we use the term "cognitive dust" to describe the external and distributed cognitive representations suspended in a small group workspace. These cognitive representations are components of communicative actions between humans, or between humans and their technological infrastructures, and are part of these creative processes. We use a multi modal sensor infrastructure, which is situated in a ubiquitous workspace, to observe and capture this cognitive dust. We hypothesise that, if an infrastructure can capture enough of these representations and extract enough semantic meaning to "understand" the communicative intentions, the infrastructure can dynamically support creative, unstructured activities. This paper sets out the conceptual, theoretical framework for this research by linking known CSCW theories with the emergent, unstructured or semi structured nature of creative work processes within small groups such as designers


Abstract Ventricular tachyarrhythmias and severe bradycardia, flecainide acetate's most serious side effects, occur in patients with chronic heart disease or in healthy persons after frank overdose...


MANETs are a trending topic in the wireless communication network. MANETs are formed automatically by an autonomous system of mobile nodes that are connected via wireless links. Cluster-head gateway switch routing protocol (CGSR) is a proactive protocol which is also called table-driven protocol. It consists of routing table information before setting up a connection. Ad-hoc on-demand distance vector protocol (AODV) is a reactive protocol, it sets path only when demanded by the network. CGSR protocol forms a group of nodes into clusters and selects a node as cluster-head based on some clustering algorithms for each cluster. In this paper, we have proposed a protocol, which combines the advantages of both CGSR and AODV to minimize traffic congestion in an ad-hoc wireless network. The performance metrics such as routing overhead, end-end delay, packet delivery ratio, throughput, and average energy consumption are enhanced and compared with other clustering protocols such as CGSR and LEACH protocols. The comparison result reveals that the routing overhead, end-end delay, and the average energy consumption is reduced and packet delivery ratio, throughput is improved.


Complex formation between cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and xanthan gum in Xanthomonas campestris fermentation broth has been further used to exemplify the reaction between carboxy group — containing polysaccharides and quaternary ammonium salts. The variation of the molar ratio of xanthan gum: CTAB in the supernatant with variation of addition of quaternary ammonium salt is one parameter of the reaction which shows a definite relationship. Although this molar ratio in the supernatant is high (> 1) during the initial stages of the reaction, when little precipitation of the polysaccharide is occurring; it appears that the ratio must be below a critical value of about one before the end-point of the complexation reaction can occur. The molar ratio of xanthan gum:CTA in the complex is initially exaggerated due to precipitation of polysaccharide with uncomplexed carboxy groups, but this ratio attains a constant value during the final stages of the reaction. A surprising observation of this study was the evidence obtained that CTAB added to X. campestris fermentation broth in excess of the complexation reaction end-point requirement is associated with the insoluble xanthan gum-CTA complex and is not present in the supernatant. Several possible explanations have been put forward to account for this observation. On the basis of this and another recent study, a detailed model of the mechanism of the complexation reaction between xanthan gum and CTAB in aqueous solution has been proposed. Discussion has been given to the implications and applicability of this particular complexation reaction mechanism.


Gender is an important social, cultural and psychological construct which describes the expected attitude and behavior a society associates with sex. This study conducted an in-depth investigation into how language is used to convey femininity in the construction of gendered identity.  Being a useful tool for gender identity marker, language use in relation to gender was thoroughly discussed coupled with empirical and theoretical underpinnings of the study.  The methodology adopted for the study was case study approach.  Qualitative analysis was done in relation to the data collected from two speeches out of a corpus of 18 speeches delivered by the principal of a Technical College of Education in Ghana.  Findings revealed that the principal, the only female principal of an all-male technical College of education in the country, constructed variable identities with the feminine identity being the dominant identity.  This finding clearly demonstrates that irrespective of social status or achievement, the dominant identity a woman will construct is that of femininity.


The self-consistent theory of the correlation effects in Highly Correlated Systems(HCS) is presented. The novel Irreducible Green's Functions(IGF) method is discused in detail for the Hubbard model and random Hubbard model. The interpolative solution for the quasiparticle spectrum, which is valid for both the atomic and band limit is obtained. The (IGF) method permits to calculate the quasiparticle spectra of many-particle systems with the complicated spectra and strong interaction in a very natural and compact way. The inelastic scattering corrections leads to the damping of the quasiparticles and are the main topic of the present consideration. The calculation of the damping has been done in a self-consistent way for both limits. For the random Hubbard model the weak coupling case has been considered and the self-energy operator has been calculated using the combination of the IGF method and Coherent Potential Approximation (CPA). The other applications of the method to s-f model, Anderson model, Heisenberg antiferromagnet, electron-phonon interaction models are discussed briefly.


This study was carried out at six selected sampling stations over the three reaches of Osun River along its main axis to determine seasonal and spatial variations in the general physico-chemical water quality parameters of the river water. From each sampling station, surface water samples were collected bi-monthly for an annual cycle, the samples were treated and analyzed for physico-chemical water quality parameters using applicable standard procedures. The river showed an increasing clarity from its headwaters to the lower reach with regard to mean transparency, turbidity and colour and was also clearer in the dry season than in the rainy season. The water was generally moderately alkaline (pH: 7.41±0.11 7.61±0.16) but significantly (P≤0.05) more alkaline in the dry season than in the rainy season. It can be classified as a dilute salt bicarbonate freshwater with mean conductivity at the three reaches ranging from 128.92±1016μS/cm to 141.79±27.29μS/cm. Ca2+ and HCO3were the dominant cation and anion respectively in all stations investigated and in both seasons. The mean values of most parameters determined were within permissible limits making the river water suitable for most probable domestic and industrial uses and livestock support.


Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of behavior therapy for patients with obsessive compulsive disorder. Methods: The patients with obsessive compulsive disorder were treated by self-exposure plus response prevention. Results: Of a total of 10 patients, 8 were found to have improved with 4 showing marked improvement. Conclusion: Self-exposure plus response prevention is an effective treatment for patients suffering from obsessive compulsive disorder.


Purpose To analyze the enhancement findings of 67 cases with hepatic metastases on helical CT scans (arterial - phase and portal - phase) and discuss the characteristics of blood supply with them. Methods CT findings in 67 patients with hepatic metastases were retrospectively analyzed. All cases were histologically proved.Results The metastases enhancements were observed in 43 cases(65.2%) ,no contrast lesions in 24 cases (34.8%) .there were hypovascular (n= 24) ,hypervascular(n = 25)and extra- hypervascular(n = 18)patterns in hepatic metastases.The contrast enhancement patterns were different in arterial - phase and portal - phase. Conclusions Multi - phase spiral CT scanning is valuable in hepatic metastases.


On October 20, 2016, the Antitrust Division of the Department of Justice (DOJ) and the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) jointly issued new guidance designed to help human resources professionals…


This article reevaluates the formative power of speaking in tongues through dialogue with Lauren Winner's The Dangers of Christian Practice. It uses Winner's notion of 'characteristic damage', her idea that the characteristic good of a practice can be damaged in unique ways, to engage previous scholarly accounts that have argued for the formative and deformative potential of glossolalia and xenolalia. By juxtaposing these accounts with one another, in light of Winner's framework, this article seeks to enrich the theological perspective on tongues. Ultimately, its examination of these conflicting accounts yields a constructive synthesis that posits entanglement as the characteristic good of speaking in tongues, both as glossolalia and xenolalia. This final synthesis enables an account of God's gifts that is honest about both the goodness of the gift and the brokenness of the recipient.


The thiopurine drugs, 6-mercaptopurine and its prodrug azathioprine, are widely used by gastroenterologists for the treatment of chronic inflammatory disorders such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Although the drugs are of established benefit, adverse drug reactions have been reported in 15% to 25% of patients. The most common are nausea and vomiting. Other adverse reactions include influenza-like symptoms, rashes, pancreatitis, changes in liver enzymes and leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia caused by myelosuppression. The metabolism of azathioprine involves nonenzymatic conversion to 6-mercaptopurine followed by methylation and other reactions that result in the production of immunosuppressive metabolites. One of the important enzymes involved in these reactions is thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT). Studies in 1980 showed wide variation in the activity of this enzyme in erythrocytes and this was subsequently linked to inherited variation (polymorphism) in the gene that encodes TPMT. The TPMT gene is located on chromosome 6 and consists of 9 introns and 10 exons. Decreased enzyme activity has been associated with a variety of single nucleotide polymorphisms as shown in Table 1 and there is debate about the functional effects of additional polymorphisms within the promoter region of the gene. The most common variant allele is TPMT*3A in Caucasian populations and TPMT*3C in Asian and African populations. The frequency of homozygosity for variant alleles has been estimated at 1:300 in Caucasian populations and 1:1000 in Asian populations. Enzyme activity decreases by approximately 50% in heterozygotes and is either very low or absent in variant homozygotes. Patients who are homozygous for variant alleles are at high risk for leukopenia with typical doses of thiopurines. Heterozygous individuals also show some increase in risk but the degree of risk has been difficult to quantify. In one study of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, heterozygosity for TPMT was strongly predictive for the development of leukopenia after treatment with azathioprine. In other studies where genotyping was carried out on patients who developed leukopenia after thiopurines, only a minority were found to be heterozygotes. Other adverse events from thiopurines have not been associated with TPMT genotypes but may be linked to polymorphism in the inosine triphosphate pyrophosphatase gene. A practical issue is whether TPMT genotyping should be carried out prior to the introduction of thiopurines in Caucasian patients. This seems unlikely to be costeffective for the detection of variant homozygotes but would become more relevant if prospective studies show a high frequency of adverse events in heterozygous subjects.


Objective To measure and establish the normal values of diameters of Chinese cerebral arteries on MRA. Methods The diameters of the cerebral arteries in 100 persons with normal findings on 3D TOF MRA were measured with projector. There were 53 males and 47 females with the mean age of 45.8 years. 12 subjects were younger than 14 years and 88 were older than 14 years. The diameter differences between the left and the right, in gender and in ages were analyzed statistically. Results The measurements of each arterial diameter were as follows: Ophthalmic artery: (0.8±0.2) mm in male, (0.9±0.2) mm in female. C2 segment of internal carotid artery (ICA-C2): (3.0±0.3) mm (≤14 years) and (3.5±0.6) mm (14 years) in male, (2.8±0.6) mm (≤14 years) and (3.1±0.5) mm (14 years) in female. ICA-C4: (4.3±0.6) mm in male, (3.9±0.6) mm in female. A1 segment of anterior cerebral artery (ACA-A1): (2.1±0.4) mm in male, (2.1±0.4) mm in female. Anterior communicating artery (ACoA): (1.4±0.4) mm in male, (1.3±0.4) mm in female. M1 segment of middle cerebral artery (MCA-M1): (2.7±0.4) mm in male, (2.6±0.4) mm in female. Basilar artery (BA): (2.9±0.5) mm in male, (2.8±0.4) mm in female. P1 segment of posterior cerebral artery (PCA-P1): (2.1±0.5) mm on the left and (2.0±0.5) mm on the right in male, (2.0±0.3) mm on the left and (1.9±0.3) mm on the right in female. PCA-P2: (1.8±0.4) mm in male, (1.7±0.3) mm in female. Posterior communicating artery (PCoA): (1.1±0.3) mm in male, (1.2±0.4) mm in female. Among various diameters, only PCA-P1 had significant difference between the left and the right (P=0.003); only MCA-M1 (P=0.048), PCA-P1 (P=0.012), ICA-C2 (P=0.000) and C4 segments (P=0.000) had significant differences in gender, respectively; and only ICA-C2 had significant difference in age (P=0.001). Of these significantly different diameters, the diameters in male were larger than those in female. There were significant correlation between PCA-P1 and PCA-P2 (r=0.652,P=0.000), and between ICA-C2 and ICA-C4 in female group (r=0.550,P=0.000), respectively. Conclusions The normal values of diameter of cerebral arteries on MR angiograms may play a reference role in diagnosing cerebral vascular diseases.


Employment and recruitment system based on UML provides a virtual and intelligent talent market for employers and job hunters, which can shorten their distance quickly. According to the different permissions, the users may take different operations to meet their respective demands. This paper develops an employment and recruitment system with UML by object oriented analysis and design methods, which includes requirement analysis, class design and interactive design. In the development progress, system use-case diagram, management class diagram, job search class diagram, recruitment class diagram, register sequence diagram and modification activity diagram are displayed in detail.


Background

Italy is facing increased immigration, but no research on immigrant mortality was yet conducted.

Methods

Unlinked cross-sectional study of data on immigrants and Italians resident in Italy in 2007 (Italian National Institute for Statistics, ISTAT).

Aims

1. Identify differences in mortality between immigrants and Italians;

2. Identify differences in mortality across different immigrant ethnic groups based on human development index of the country of origin (HDI);

3. Identify differences in immigrant mortality across the twenty Italian regions.

Statistical analysis used …


PurposeThe improper disposal of potentially harmful products is a problem that affects both developed and emerging countries. Using the Values-Beliefs-Norms (VBN) theory, this research attempts to uncover the key differences and similarities between both contexts and to extend the theory to include trust-in-government (TIG) as a moderating variable.Design/methodology/approachThe data used in this study were drawn from two samples: Mexicans and Americans by administering a paper and pencil survey. To test the conceptual model and to contrast the results, partial least squares (PLS-SEM) and multigroup analysis were used.FindingsThis research finds that consumers in emerging countries like Mexico are less likely to act on their beliefs to engage in protesting behaviors when confronted with an environmental problem such as the improper disposal of potentially harmful products. Consumers on both sides of the border are more likely to engage in consumer activism behaviors if social economic norms (SEN) are considered. Furthermore, the multi-group analysis revealed that US consumers' TIG moderates the relationship between awareness of consequences (AC) and consumer activism intention (CAI) contrasting with Mexican consumers where such moderating relationship does not exist.Originality/valueThis research makes a significant contribution to the literature by evaluating TIG as an important predictor of consumer activism behaviors. TIG can significantly affect consumer activism behaviors in the United States, but not in Mexico. It also demonstrates that SEN rather than social benefit norms (SBN) can trigger CAI in both samples.


Pan-sharpening is a multi-sensor fusion task that aims to enhance the spatial resolution of spectral data using panchromatic data of the same scene. This work proposes a deep Residual Dense Model (RDM) for Pan-Sharpening (PS) of satellite data which learns hierarchical features that can efficiently represent the local complex structures from panchromatic data. This work addresses the two general problems emphasized in pan-sharpening application viz., spectral and spatial preservation. The proposed Residual Dense Model for Pan-Sharpening network (RDMPSnet), preserves the spectral information by spectral mapping of Low-Resolution Multi-Spectral data (LRMS) while the spatial preservation is achieved by learning the hierarchical structural features from High-Resolution Panchromatic data (HRP). To extract this structural feature RDMPSnet is trained end to end with Low Resolution (LR) panchromatic patches and High Resolution (HR) residue patches to learn a non-linear mapping. The trained non-linear mapping network is capable to generate structural feature for any LRMS data which is injected into the mapped spectral data. The network is experimentally evaluated with Worldview2 and IKONOS2 satellite data and shows that the proposed RDMPS achieves favorable performance both visually and quantitatively against state-of-the-art methods.


Purpose A supervised deep learning (DL) approach for frequency-and-phase Correction (FPC) of MR spectroscopy (MRS) data recently showed encouraging results, but obtaining transients with labels for supervised learning is challenging. This work investigates the feasibility and efficiency of unsupervised DL-based FPC. Method Two novel DL-based FPC methods (deep learning-based Cr referencing [dCrR] and deep learning-based spectral registration [dSR]) which use a priori physics domain knowledge are presented. The proposed networks were trained, validated, and evaluated using simulated, phantom, and publicly accessible in-vivo MEGA-edited MRS data. The performance of our proposed FPC methods was compared to other generally used FPC methods, in terms of precision and time efficiency. A new measure was proposed in this study to evaluate the FPC method performance. The ability of each of our methods to carry out FPC at varying SNR levels was evaluated. A Monte Carlo (MC) study was carried out to investigate the performance of our proposed methods. Result The validation using low-SNR manipulated simulated data demonstrated that the proposed methods could perform FPC comparably to other methods. The evaluation showed that the dCrR method achieved the highest performance in phantom data. The applicability of the proposed method for FPC of GABA-edited in-vivo MRS data was demonstrated. Our proposed networks have the potential to reduce computation time significantly. Conclusion The proposed physics-informed deep neural networks trained in an unsupervised manner with complex data can offer efficient FPC of MRS data in a shorter time.


This study compares different methods for the estimation of drainage directions and flow accumulations from gridded digital elevation models (DEMs). In order to test the stability of different methods, DEMs with different shapes have been created; one cone, one half sphere, and one bowl. Tests on the different DEMs clearly indicate that it's inappropriate to use methods based on assumed drainage to only one out of the eight neighbour cells in a DEM. Out of the methods tested, the most satisfying result was generated when the drainage from a cell was distributed proportionally to the slope gradient in each of the eight possible directions. However, this 'multiple flow direction algorithm' does not handle flat areas, where no slope can be calculated, in the DEM properly. It is therefore suggested to combine the 'multiple flow direction algorithm' with a newly developed algorithm for estimation of drainage distribution over flat areas. It is then possible to estimate flow accumulation for every cell in a grid-based digital elevation model.


This article addresses two questions: Is blindness a disadvantage to educational or occupational expectations? and, Do expectations vary according to the degree of vision? A comparison of two independent samples of legally blind and sighted high school students in Ontario, Canada, indicated that legally blind students generally had lower occupational, but not educational, expectations than did their sighted counterparts. Regression analyses, using only the sample of blind students, revealed an unanticipated negative relationship between expectations and the students' degree of vision. The students' self-concept of academic ability, socioeconomic status, friends' educational plans, and degree of vision accounted for 38 percent (p< .001) of the variance in the level of educational expectations, while their self-concept of academic ability, socioeconomic status, and degree of vision accounted for 33 percent (p< .001) of the variance in the level of occupational expectations.


A neurophysiological model of pitch processing is introduced and its predictions are qualitatively compared to data from behavioral studies of pitch matching with ambiguous pitch stimuli. A novel approach is employed to modeling coincidence detection by neurons in the inferior colliculus and the synchronization of chopper neurons in the cochlear nucleus to phase locked auditory nerve spike rate. Neurophysiological recordings of chopper neurons are replicated in mathematical functions describing both their temporal behavior and spatial networks.


The live migration of virtual machine is the migration between the different physical hosts, at the same time, ensuring the normal operations of the virtual machine service. In order to ensure the migration efficiency and the normal operation, it needs to reduce the total migration time and downtime. Post-copy and Pre-copy are both frequently used to live migration,Post-copy can reduce the total migration time, Pre-copy can reduce the downtime. This paper presents an optimization Pre-copy scheme based on service live level. According to the relationship between service and dirty page rate, selecting the appropriate stop condition, it makes the live migration enter the stop and copy phase in an appropriate critical point. This not only reduces the number of iterations of the page, but also transmits fewer pages in the stop and copy phase, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the total migration time and downtime at the same time.