Density‐driven convection has been identified to accelerate the rate of CO2 solubility trapping during geological CO2 storage in deep saline aquifers. In this paper, we present an experimental method using the refractive properties of fluids (their impact on light transmission), and an analogous system design, which enables the study of transport mechanisms in saturated porous media. The method is used to investigate solutally induced density‐driven convective mixing under conditions relevant to geological CO2 storage. The analogous system design allows us by choice of initial solute concentration and bead size to duplicate a wide range of conditions ( Ra ‐values), making it possible to study the convective process in general, and as a laboratory analogue for systems found in the field. We show that the method accurately determines the solute concentration in the system with high spatial and temporal resolution. The onset time of convection ( tc ), mass flux ( F ), and flow dynamics are quantified and compared with experimental and numerical findings in the literature. Our data yield a scaling law for tc which gives new insight into its dependence on Ra , indicating tc to be more sensitive to large Ra than previously thought. Furthermore, our data show and explain why F is described equally well by a Ra ‐dependent or a Ra ‐independent scaling law. These findings improve the understanding of the physical process of convective mixing in saturated porous media in general and help to assess the CO2 solubility trapping rate under certain field conditions.


ABSTRACT This article presents a novel algorithm for solving a short-term open-pit production-scheduling problem in which several objectives, of varying priority, characterize the quality of each solution. A popular approach employs receding horizon control, dividing the horizon into N period-aggregates of increasing size (number of periods or span). An N-period mixed integer program (MIP) is solved for each period in the original horizon to incrementally construct a production schedule one period at a time. This article presents a new algorithm that, in contrast, decomposes the horizon into N period-aggregates of equal size. Given a schedule for these N periods, obtained by solving an N-period MIP, the first of these aggregates is itself decomposed into an N-period scheduling problem with guidance provided on what regions of the mine should be extracted. The performance of this hierarchical decomposition-based approach is compared with that of receding horizon control on a suite of data sets generated from an operating mine producing millions of tons of ore annually. As the number of objectives being optimized increases, the hierarchical decomposition-based algorithm outperforms receding horizon control, in a majority of instances.


The title complex consists of a PtII atom coordinated in a square-planar environment by a dimethyl sulfoxide molecule and a thiosemicarbazone ligand. The overall conformation of the title complex is discussed and compared with related ligands. In the crystal, molecules are assembled via hydrogen bonds and C–H⋯π interactions forming a two-dimensional network.


The National Ignition Facility in Livermore, California, completed it's commissioning milestone on March 10, 2009 when it fired all 192 beams at a combined energy of 1.1 MJ at 351nm. Subsequently, a target shot series from August through December of 2009 culminated in scale ignition target design experiments up to 1.2 MJ in the National Ignition Campaign. Preparations are underway through the first half of of 2010 leading to DT ignition and gain experiments in the fall of 2010 into 2011. The top level requirement for beam pointing to target of 50μm rms is the culmination of 15 years of engineering design of a stable facility, commissioning of precision alignment, and precise shot operations controls. Key design documents which guided this project were published in the mid 1990's, driving systems designs. Precision Survey methods were used throughout construction, commissioning and operations for precision placement. Rigorous commissioning processes were used to ensure and validate placement and alignment throughout commissioning and in present day operations. Accurate and rapid system alignment during operations is accomplished by an impressive controls system to align and validate alignment readiness, assuring machine safety and productive experiments.


Abstract : A number of researchers have discussed the possibility of generating electromagnetic beams or pulses which can propagate without the usual degree of transverse spreading. Nondiffracting directed radiation beams have been the subject of a number of special sessions at various conferences. Our intention in this note is to discuss i) the Bessel beam which has been called 'remarkably resistant to the diffractive spreading commonly associated with all wave propagation'; and ii) the electromagnetic directed energy pulse train which is claimed to be 'significantly improved over conventional, diffraction-limited beams', and to 'defeat diffraction'. This note shows that diffraction is not eliminated or reduced in any of the proposed schemes and that conventional Gaussian beams will propagate at least as far for a given transmitting antenna dimension.


Most indigenous people have gained expertise in the use of medicinal plants, but information on the utilization of the medicinal plants are poorly documented. Thus, this study deals with the ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used in treating viral infections in Saki West Local Government Area, Oyo State. Data was collected using structured questionnaires and oral interviews to acquire information from selected members of Saki West Local Government Area. A total of sixty (60) structured questionnaires were given randomly to respondents in the selected villages in the study area. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The finding shows that the majority of the respondents were females (61.7%). 50 % of the respondents were from the age group of 31 to 40 and was the largest group. Majority (88.3%) of the respondents were married, while only a few (16.7%) had no formal education. The major occupation of the respondents was herb selling (35.0%). The findings on the various plant parts utilized for herbal medicine indicated that the leaves, stem bark and whole root were the most commonly used parts. Most of the respondents prepared herbal medicine by decoction. Oral ingestion (drinking) was found to be the most (70.0%) preferred mode of administration in the study area. The major problem encountered while acquiring medicinal plants was wild animal threat.This work indicated that, there is a need for an ethnobotanical survey in every state of the nation on medicinal plants used in the treatment of viral infection.


Network virtualization allows one to build dynamic distributed systems in which resources can be dynamically allocated at locations where they are most useful. In order to fully exploit the benefits of this new technology, protocols need to be devised which react efficiently to changes in the demand. This paper argues that the field of online algorithms and competitive analysis provides useful tools to deal with and reason about the uncertainty in the request dynamics, and to design algorithms with provable performance guarantees.
 As a case study, we describe a system (e.g., a gaming application) where network virtualization is used to support thin client applications for mobile devices to improve their Quality-of-Service (QoS). By decoupling the service from the underlying resource infrastructure, it can be migrated closer to the current client locations while taking into account migration cost. This paper identifies the major cost factors in such a system, and formalizes the corresponding optimization problem. Both randomized and deterministic, gravity center based online algorithms are presented which achieve a good tradeoff between improved QoS and migration cost in the worst-case, both for service migration within an infrastructure provider as well as for networks supporting cross-provider migration. We report on our simulation results and also present an explicit construction of an optimal offline algorithm which can be used, e.g., to evaluate the competitive ratio empirically.


Chemical manipulations performed on 2‐methyl‐3‐carbethoxyquinoline (1), a histone acetyltransferase inhibitor previously identified by our research group and active at the sub‐millimolar/millimolar level, led to compounds bearing higher alkyl groups at the C2‐quinoline or additional side chains at the C6‐quinoline positions. Such compounds displayed at least threefold improved inhibitory potency toward p300 protein lysine acetyltransferase activity; some of them decreased histone H3 and H4 acetylation levels in U937 cells and induced high degrees of apoptosis (three compounds >10‐fold higher than compound 1) after treatment of U937 cells.


This study aims to analyse the factors associated with prognosis in hospitalized patients with heart failure, particularly the role of depressive symptoms, and to develop a prediction model for depressive symptoms based on clinical characteristics in hospitalized patients with heart failure.


Abstract The years of the early Principate, especially the rule of Augustus, are witness to the radical change, on the contrary to Republic, in the number of references of aeternitas especially in Roman poetry. Famous Augustan poets close to the idea of aeternitas are Virgil, Tibullus, Propertius, Horace and Ovid. Numerous references to the concept of aeternitas constituted the outcome of the contemporary mentality and specific world views towards the issue of the permanence and stability of the state; they resulted from social expectations as well as from ideological creations of the new power. The notion of aeternitas, which Augustan authors referred to, was deliberately set in the religious and political tradition of Rome. By means of this notion, poets extremely frequently conveyed the idea of the permanence and stability of the state as well as of the prevailing political system. Most often the concept was evoked in the context of the tradition of the foundation myths of Rome, especially with reference to the heroes of those myths (e.g. Romulus, Aeneas), ancient cults (e.g. of Vesta) as well as religious and political institutions (e.g. Pontifex Maximus). The tendency to treat the state as eternal seems to have increased in 12 B.C. This coincided with two events – the assumption of the function of Pontifex Maximus by Augustus (6th of March 12 B.C.) and attending with care to Vesta, who was linked to the House of Augustus on the Palatine.


Background Despite increasing attention on fixation of a soft tissue anterior cruciate ligament graft in the tibia, there have been no studies on the use of a bone dowel as a joint line fixation device for promoting fixation properties, especially stiffness at the time of implantation. Purpose To determine whether compacting a bone dowel into the tibial tunnel improves fixation stiffness, yield load, and resistance to slippage of a soft tissue anterior cruciate ligament graft. Study Design Controlled laboratory study. Methods A double-looped tendon graft was fixed at the distal end of the tibial tunnel with a WasherLoc in 24 calf tibias. The tibial tunnels were treated with or without a dowel of cancellous bone. The bone dowel was harvested from the tibial tunnel and then compacted into a tapered space anterior to the anterior cruciate ligament graft as a joint line fixation device. A cyclic load and measurement test was administered to determine fixation stiffness, yield load, slippage, and failure mode. Results The specimens with the bone dowel had 58 N/mm more stiffness (P =. 04); however, the yield load and resistance to slippage were similar in specimens with and without the bone dowel. Conclusions A bone dowel harvested from the tibial tunnel can be used as a joint line fixation device in series with a distal fixation method to improve initial fixation stiffness and increase the fit, which is known to enhance tendon graft-to-bone healing in the tibia.


16 Environmental conditions a ect virus inactivation rate and transmission potential. Understand17 ing those e ects is critical for anticipating and mitigating epidemic spread. Ambient temperature 18 and humidity strongly a ect the inactivation rate of enveloped viruses, but a mechanistic, quan19 titative theory of those e ects has been elusive. We measure the stability of the enveloped 20 respiratory virus SARS-CoV-2 on an inert surface at nine temperature and humidity conditions 21 and develop a mechanistic model to explain and predict how temperature and humidity alter 22 virus inactivation. We find SARS-CoV-2 survives longest at low temperatures and extreme 23 relative humidities; median estimated virus half-life is over 24 hours at 10 C and 40 % RH, but 24 approximately 1.5 hours at 27 C and 65 % RH. Our mechanistic model uses simple chemistry 25 1 (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. The copyright holder for this preprint this version posted December 18, 2020. ; https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.10.16.341883 doi: bioRxiv preprint


The consequences showed that content of Hesperidin in Pericarpium citri Reticulatae of Sources form market is not up to the content limit of Chinese pharmacopoeia by determination of the content of Hesperidin in Pericarpium citri Reticulatae of different Sources form market,and the result showed the losses of the content of Hesperidin is distinct after the process of distraction,concentration and evaporation.So Hesperidin in Pericarpium citri Reticulatae is not stable,and it is not reasonable of for us to quality control of the Pericarpium citri Reticulatae based on the content of Hesperidin.


Aims: to analyze the association of the interval between the onset of the symptoms and the start of the treatment with the involution of the radiographic shadows in presumed pneumococcal pneumonia.Methods: 134 children, 2-12 years, all of them with leukocytosis(higher than 15,000/mm3)and/or positive C-reactive protein and acute lobar/segmental pneumonia(ALSP). No prior antibiotic had been administered. All these children were treated with penicillin and the interval between the onset of symptoms and the drug administration was recorded. All patients get cured. Films were taken around the 7th and 14th days after the beginning of treatment and were interpreted blindly. Statistical analysis included the Chi-square test(significant level: p lower than .05).Results: no statistical difference was detected in total clearing when the children were treated before or after 24 hours of the onset of the symptoms, for films taken around the 7th and 14th days(p=.80 and p=.96, respectively).Conclusions: these results suggest that early treatment do not determine more rapid chest X-ray clearing in children with ALSP.


The research progress abroad on the application of liquid azido fuel in fuel oil, jet fuel, liquid monopropellant, liquid hypergolic bipropellant, gel propellant, aerospace high energy density propellant and solid propellant is reviewed, and its development trend is also pointed out.


This paper presents an analysis of the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from refrigeration equipment. The refrigeration equipments use refrigerants such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and hydrofluorocarbons HFCs, which are believed to contribute the ozone depletion and global warming. Refrigeration equipment thus contributes indirectly through emission due to electricity consumption and directly due to the emission of refrigerants. Greenhouse gas emissions resulting from the burning of fossil fuels are quantified and presented in this paper. The calculation was carried out based on emissions per unit electricity generated and the type of fuel used. The direct emission of refrigerant was calculated based on emission factor and according to the procedure of Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), USA. A study was conducted to evaluate the refrigerant losses to the atmosphere and the CO2 emission from fossil fuels to generate power to run the refrigeration and air-conditioning systems. In this paper, total appliance annual energy consumption by refrigerator-freezer and air conditioner as well as emission has been estimated for a period of 19 years (1997–2015) using the survey data. Energy savings and emission reductions achievable by raising thermostat set point temperature have been calculated for a period of 10 (i.e. 2005–2015) years.


We analysed a set of very metal-poor stars, for which accurate chemical abundances have been obtained as part of the ESO Large Program "First stars" in the light of the Gaia DR2 data. The kinematics and orbital properties of the stars in the sample show they probably belong to the thick disc, partially heated to halo kinematics, and to the accreted Gaia Sausage-Enceladus satellite. The continuity of these properties with stars at both higher ([Fe/H] >  −2) and lower metallicities ([Fe/H] <  −4.) suggests that the Galaxy at [Fe/H] ≲ −0.5 and down to at least [Fe/H] ∼ −6 is dominated by these two populations. In particular, we show that the disc extends continuously from [Fe/H] ≤ −4 (where stars with disc-like kinematics have recently been discovered) up to [Fe/H] ≥ −2, the metallicity regime of the Galactic thick disc. An "ultra metal-poor thick disc" does indeed exist, constituting the extremely metal-poor tail of the canonical Galactic thick disc, and extending the latter from [Fe/H] ∼ −0.5 up to the most metal-poor stars discovered in the Galaxy to date. These results suggest that the disc may be the main, and possibly the only, stellar population that has formed in the Galaxy at these metallicities. This would mean that the dissipative collapse that led to the formation of the old Galactic disc must have been extremely fast. We also discuss these results in the light of recent simulation efforts made to reproduce the first stages of Milky Way-type galaxies.


Objective To discuss the relationship between cerebral vascular disease and blood lipid.Method 66 cases of cerebral hemerrhage,66 cases of cerebral infarction,and 60 cases of non cardiocerebral vascular disease(control group) were collected,their blood lipid data were analysed.Results Compared with the control group,the cholesterol and high density lipoprotein of patients with cerebral hemorrhage significantly decreased( P 0.05~0.01),while triglyceride and low density lipoprotein were not significant( P 0.05).Cholesterol,triglyceride and low density liporotein levels of patients with cerebral infarction were obviously higher than those of the control group and cerebral hemorrhage patients( P 0.01).High density lipoprotein of the patients with cerebral infarctionis also lower than that of control group( P 0.01),however there was no obvious difference between the patients with cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction( P 0.05).Conclusions These materials supported that there was a negative relationship between cerebral hemorrhage and serum cholesterol and high density lipoprotein levels.These materials also showed that there wasnt significant relationship between cerebral hemorrhage and other blood lipid such as triglyceride and low density liporoteins( P 0.05).


It is pointed out that, when deriving the Wien Displacement Law in terms of wavelength as compared to wavenumber, the spectral points of maximum flux are not equivalent. It is shown that this results from (where B(T) is the Planck Blackbody Function), and because B(T) is implicitly a differential.


Nano Fe3O4/MnCO3+Li2CO3 precursor was prepared by synchronizing explosive nucleation of Fe3O4 and fast coating of MnCO3+Li2CO3 in a mini-channel impinging stream reactor.Subsequently,the precursor was heat-treated at 450℃ and immersed in dilute hydrochloric acid to obtain nano magnetic lithium ion sieves(LIS) composed of Fe3O4 / HxMnyO4.The main factors affecting explosive nucleation and fast coating processes were investigated and optimized.The as-prepared products were characterized by BET,TEM,EDX,and XRD.The mean particle size of nano magnetic LIS was about 40 nm,specific magnetism was 27.581 emu·g-1,and coercive intensity was 138.64 G.Compared with ordinary LIS,nano LIS film had obvious advantages in solid phase diffusion,and promised unique capacity in lithium uptake from seawater.


The present study shows some results of developing evaporative heat exchangers with mini-channels. Heat exchangers with three different water paths were manufactured and tested to compare performances of cooling and pressure drop. Among the three types of heat exchangers, Type 2 with full-etching was proved to be the best in the cooling performances for considered operating conditions, and thus it is recommended to adopt Type 2 for its simplicity of production and outstanding performance. However, Type 1 was shown to be better when it is operated at a high air inlet temperature condition. The developed evaporative heat exchanger will be installed in Environmental Control Systems(ECSs) for aerial vehicles, and it can be used effectively in case an ECS is not only limited in its weight and volume but also required to absorb heats without supplying water (or a coolant) for a certain period of time.


has been approved by the Examining Committee for the thesis requirement for the Master of Arts degree in Music at the December 2010 graduation. ii To Angela iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank my committee members for all of their patience and insight without which I could never have attempted such a project. I would also like to thank Wallace Tomasini of the University of Iowa for introducing me to the Renaissance art and artists of northern Italy. Of course any misunderstandings or mistakes concerning the visual arts contained in this thesis are mine alone. I would also like to give fervent thanks to my wife, daughter, and parents for their love and support throughout the course of this project. State of the Scholarship Ludwig Finscher, author of the most comprehensive study of the works of Loyset Compère to date, introduced his 1964 monograph about the composer with the following observations about the paucity of scholarship on Compère at the time: Like most composers of the Josquin period, Compère has been almost completely neglected, yet he is one of the most significant and celebrated musicians of his time…the few pages devoted to him in general histories of the period reveal for the most part a haphazard choice of works and hence a subjective approach on the part of the authors…Now with the present work, together with the edition of Compère's collected works, 1 which must go hand in hand with this study, it is hoped that the neglect suffered by Compère will have been remedied, and that justice will have been done to the composer's name and place in music history. 2 With the goal of filling in the gap of scholarship, Finscher proceeded to analyze Compère's entire opus and provide a chronology for the works based on source and stylistic evidence. He also included some critical assessment in his text with the premise that " present-day musicology has no right to ignore the problem of aesthetic judgments in historical investigations altogether, " his main criterion for good art being " inner consistency. " 3 The resulting work of Finscher has become an indispensable resource for studying Compère's highly varied and strikingly individual compositional output. In fact, no scholarship concerning Compère has been written since its publication that does not cite Finscher's work. 2 Unfortunately, the state of scholarship has not changed significantly since the publication of Finscher's monograph. …


The objective of this research is to characterize, from the pedagogical principles consigned in the M.I.C.I. (Investigative model, contextualized and interdisciplinary), pedagogical practice of teachers in TOSH (technology in occupational safety and hygiene) of the FITCO, for this purpose the research was mixed.
We used the survey as a technique for our research. The instrument we used was the questionnaire, which was applied to 21 of 60 teachers.
The research results were compared with some others documentary reviews results , which facilitated to make a comprehensive analysis of information.
The above comes to the need to make a proposal of monitoring of teacher education, which is divided into two cycles: the first consists in a teacher training, and the second one is to make follow up to the learning processes.


Earth scientists are increasingly experiencing difficulties with analyzing rapidly growing volumes of complex data. Those who must perform analysis directly on low-level National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Level 1B calibrated and geolocated data, for example, encounter an arcane, high-volume data set that is burdensome to make use of. Instead, Earth scientists typically opt to use higher-level "canned" products provided by NASA. However, when these higher-level products fail to meet the requirements of a particular project, a cruel dilemma arises: cope with data products that don't exactly meet the project's needs or spend an enormous amount of resources extracting what is needed from the unadulterated low-level data. In this paper, we present EarthDB, a system that eliminates this dilemma by offering the following contributions:
 1. Enabling painless importing of MODIS Level 1B data into SciDB, a highly scalable science-oriented database platform that abstracts away the complexity of distributed storage and analysis of complex multi-dimensional data,
 2. Defining a schema that unifies storage and representation of MODIS Level 1B data, regardless of its source file,
 3. Supporting fast filtering and analysis of MODIS data through the use of an intuitive, high-level query language rather than complex procedural programming and,
 4. Providing the ability to easily define and reconfigure entire analysis pipelines within the SciDB database, allowing for rapid ad-hoc analysis. To demonstrate this ability, we provide sample benchmarks for the construction of true-color (RGB) and Normalized Difference Vegetative Index (NDVI) images from raw MODIS Level 1B data using relatively simple queries with scalable performance.


Placement of a central venous catheter (CVC) in the right atrium or ventricle can increase complications and provide misleading measurements.


: In the paediatric population trauma is the leading cause of mortality and burns accounts for the second most common traumatic injury (Lakhoo et al 1995, Van Niekerk et al 2007). There have been major developments in the management of burns injuries in the last two decades which have enabled life-saving care in the paediatric severe burns population. However, major burns can have a significant impact in the long term on quality of life and health outcomes. These can be caused by a single factor or a combination of factors associated with complications of severe burns, such as muscle weakness, contractures, itching, neuropathic pain, itching, mixed depth paediatric scald as well as psychosocial factors such as body image and psychological trauma associated with the injury (Esselman et al 2006).  Therefore, when assessing efficacy of specific treatment methods and long term outcomes of the paediatric burns populationthis, this paper would be looking  for three most expensive components of a mixed depth paediatric scald treatment episodes and would try to suggest the clinical outcome of treatment was best measured. Although, there are a number of factors can be measured.


Abstract:"The 'Nature' of American Literature" explores how John Crowe Ransom and his less-studied contemporary Elizabeth Madox Roberts advanced a theory of literary objects that emerged from nature itself. This theory formed the basis of Ransom's bid, in "Criticism, Inc.," for disciplinary stratification and productivity. Through a set of representational practices this article gathers under the terms "natural reading" and "natural writing," Roberts and Ransom framed valuable aesthetic objects as the product of a carefully cultivated relationship between human observers and landscape. For both, however, this rarified relationship was grounded in and served to reinforce racial hierarchy. Even as the discipline turns away from the cultural elitism associated with New Criticism, Ransom's understanding of the literary object as natural and thus subject to disciplinary study continues to inform contemporary critical practice. This article thus invites engagement with the often submerged racial politics of the ways we constitute objects and processes of disciplinary literary studies.


The global energy paradigm is rapidly changing by centering on carbon neutrality, and wind energy is positioning itself as a leader in renewable energy-based power sources. The success of onshore and offshore wind energy projects focuses on securing the economic feasibility of the project, which depends on securing high-quality wind resources and optimal arrangement of wind turbines. In the process of constructing the wind farm, the optimal arrangement method of wind turbines considering the main wind direction is important, and this is related to minimizing the wake effect caused by the fluid passing through the structure located on the windward side. The accuracy of the predictability of the wake effect is determined by the wake model and modeling technique that can properly simulate it. Therefore, in this paper, using WindSim, a commercial CFD model, the wake diffusion pattern is analyzed through the sensitivity study of each wake model of the proposed onshore wind farm located in the mountainous complex terrain in South Korea, and it is intended to be used as basic research data for wind energy projects in complex terrain in the future.


Abstract : The U.S. Army Defense Ammunition Center and School (USADACS), Evaluation Division (SMCAC-DEV), was tasked by the U.S. Army Tank-Automotive Command (TACOM), AMSTA-ISFA, to perform a rail impact test for the 6,000-Gallon Water Distributor fabricated by E. D. Entyre and Co. From information provided, the Storage and Outloading Division (SMCAC-DEO), developed tiedown procedures for transporting the 6,000-Gallon Distributor on a flatcar. These procedures were then tested to Association of American Railroads (AAR) Rail Impact test requirements. The 6,000-Gallon Water Distributor, as tied down on a flat car, passed these requirements. The results of these tests are contained in this report.


The title of this paper may sound promotional, but it is by no means a paper promoting a particular dictionary. This paper illustrates the different features of three monolingual learner dictionaries (MLDs) and tries to help English language teachers in deciding
which dictionary they should or should not buy. The three MLDs are the Oxford Advanced Leamer 's Dictionary fifth edition (OALD5) (Hornby, 1995), the Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary eight edition (OALD8) (Turnbull, 20 lO), and the Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary third edition (CALD3) (Good, 2008).


We theoretically investigate the electrically controllable spin polarization and selective efficiency of the edge state Dirac electron in a two-dimensional topological insulator (TI) sandwiched between ferromagnetic (FM) electrodes by using the method of Keldysh nonequilibrium Green's function. A nearly full spin polarization of the topological edge state with giant inversion of ∼80% is observed, which is much higher than the value previously reported. Moreover, the selective efficiency for spin-up electrons under the modulation of the parallel configuration of FM electrodes has been demonstrated to be larger than 95% for the first time, while that for spin-down electrons in the antiparallel case is higher than 90% in a wide energy range, owing to the inter-edge spin tunneling induced backscattering and spin dephasing effect. The obtained results may provide a deeper understanding of the TI edge states and a valuable guidance to design spin switch and filter with high on-off speed and selective efficiency based on TIs.


Guidelines are provided for inspection and selective placement of quarrystone armor units used for breakwaters, jetties, and revetments. General guidelines are suggested for procurement and inspection of stone at quarries, transportation and storage of stone, and the individual placement of stone in structure armor layers. Guidelines for placement include recommendations for the progression of construction, orientation of stones, elevations of stones in the structure's armor layer, gradation and keying of stones, and on-site inspection for stone weights and quality.


Four pages from a newsletter including an article discussing various schools with dedicated math and science programs, including the Texas Academy of Mathematics and Science.


I shall argue that Nicolas Malebranche offers an extreme – and ultimately unworkable – attempt to resolve this tension. Much about Malebranche's theory of perception is controversial. There is one point, however, on which most commentators converge: Malebranche defends an adverbial theory of sensation. For there seems to be nothing in the external world for them to represent. If one takes representation to require resemblance, the pressure in this direction is even stronger. On the other hand, some sensations – particularly color sensations – seem to be required for us to have perceptual experiences of bodies. How else could one perceive, or perhaps even think about, the boundaries of a body, except in terms of different shadings of color? Sensations must, it seems, represent at least some features of the mind-independent world.


A significant scientific benefit of establishing and maintaining long-term space plasma data archives is the ready access the archives afford to resources required for characterizing spacecraft design environments. Space systems must be capable of operating in the mean environments driven by climatology as well as the extremes that occur during individual space weather events. Long- term time series are necessary to obtain quantitative information on environment variability and extremes that characterize the mean and worst case environments that may be encountered during a mission. In addition, analysis of large data sets are important to scientific studies of flux limiting processes that provide a basis for establishing upper limits to environment specifications used in radiation or charging analyses. We present applications using data from existing archives and highlight their contributions to space environment models developed at Marshall Space Flight Center including the Chandra Radiation Model, ionospheric plasma variability models, and plasma models of the L2 space environment.


This paper combs through more than 30 years of the rural collective economic system reforms and distinguishes the conceptual differences among the People's Communes collective, the joint stock cooperative collective, and the community cooperative collective, and among the cooperative economy, the collective economy, the shareholding economy, and the community economy. This paper argues that it is not suitable to simply and rashly push forward the practice of China's most developed areas' rural collective economy property rights system to the whole country.Taking the Puhan model and Jindian model as examples, this paper shows that by absorbing the experiences of the East Asian farmers' integrated cooperatives, their experiences in local community development, and also the comprehensive rural cooperative organizations in mainland China, there exists a third possible way to bring forth the vitality of village communities and generate healthy and sustainable rural development, in preference to the old rural collective Commune system and the corporate or joint stock co-op models.本文梳理了围绕农村集体经济制度改革的30余年历史,分辨了人民公社集体、股份合作制集体和社区合作集体;合作经济、集体经济、股份经济与社区(社群)经济的不同,提出不宜将适合发达地区的农村集体经济产权制度改革推向全国。本文以蒲韩和金店两地的农民组织为例说明,借鉴东亚综合农协经验和本土经验的社区性、综合性乡村合作组织,是在公社集体制和公司制或股份合作制之外,能激发村庄活力和形成经济社会良性循环的第三条路。 (This article is in Chinese.)


Simulations of a stiff rotor configuration of the DTU 10MW Reference Wind Turbine are performed in order to assess the impact of prescribed flap motion on the aerodynamic loads on a blade sectional and rotor integral level. Results of the engineering models used by DTU (HAWC2), TUDelft (Bladed) and NTUA (hGAST) are compared to the CFD predictions of USTUTT-IAG (FLOWer). Results show fairly good comparison in terms of axial loading, while alignment of tangential and drag-related forces across the numerical codes needs to be improved, together with unsteady corrections associated with rotor wake dynamics. The use of a new wake model in HAWC2 shows considerable accuracy improvements.


John McCarthy's contributions to computer science and artificial intelligence are legendary. He invented Lisp, made substantial contributions to early work in timesharing and the theory of computation, and was one of the founders of artificial intelligence and knowledge representation. This article, written in honor of McCarthy's 80th birthday, presents a brief biography, an overview of the major themes of his research, and a discussion of several of his major papers.


Th e pretransplant serum ferritin level is an important predictor of the outcome of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (SCT) [1 – 4] Th e prognostic value of pretransplant iron overload has been confi rmed for SCT following myeloablative and reduced-intensity conditioning with various stem cell sources [1 – 6]. However, it remains unknown whether pretransplant serum ferritin is useful for predicting the outcome of unrelated cord blood transplant (CBT). Accordingly, we analyzed the prognostic impact of pretransplant serum ferritin on the long-term outcome of CBT in patients with acute leukemia. We retrospectively evaluated the outcome of 54 patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) who underwent CBT at Kanagawa Cancer Center between August 2000 and September 2012. Th eir characteristics are shown in Table I. Th ey included 32 patients with AML and 22 with ALL. Th e median age was 50 years (range: 18 – 64 years). At CBT, 41 patients were in complete remission (CR) and 13 were in non-remission (NR). A reduced-intensity conditioning regimen was used in patients who were not eligible for a myeloablative regimen because of age 55 years and/or pre-existing organ dysfunction. Th e following variables were investigated as predictors of outcome: age, sex, disease type, disease status at transplant, pretransplant serum ferritin, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis, nucleated cell count and CD34-positive cell count, and acute and chronic GVHD. Th e serum ferritin level measured routinely in all patients within 3 weeks before starting the conditioning regimen was categorized as low ( 1000 ng/mL) or high ( 1000 ng/mL) on the basis of a previous study [7]. Th e log-rank test was used for comparison of Kaplan – Meier curves and the Cox regression model was employed for multivariate analysis. Data were analyzed as of 31 October 2012. Statistical analyses were performed with R 2.13.0 software (R Foundation for Statistical Computing, 2011). After a median follow-up period of 24.8 months (range: 1.3 – 122.2 months), 26 patients are alive and in remission. Two patients received a second transplant from human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-mismatched related donors for primary graft failure. Relapse of leukemia was confi rmed in 10 patients, in whom repeat SCT was not carried out. Th e median pre-CBT serum ferritin level was 857 ng/mL (range: 150 – 6400 ng/mL), with the mean  SE of the pretransplant serum ferritin level of patients in CR and NR being 1117  389 and 1467 459 ng/mL, respectively ( p 0.389). Th ere were no diff erences of pre-CBT serum ferritin level among the other variables such as age, gender, disease and disease status. On univariate analysis, factors associated with worse 3-year overall survival (OS) included a high ferritin level (vs. low ferritin: 26% vs. 62%, p 0.015) (Figure 1) and GVHD prophylaxis with cyclosporine (vs. tacrolimus: 13% vs. 54%, p 0.017). In the subgroup analysis according to underlying disease, the signifi cant relationship between serum ferritin level and OS was confi rmed in AML (high vs. low ferritin: 21% vs. 56%, p 0.017), but not ALL (36% vs. 69%, p  0.451). With regard to the cumulative incidence of relapse at 3 years, NR at transplant (vs. CR: 49% vs. 11%, p 0.001) and use of cyclosporine (vs. tacrolimus: 50% vs. 14%, p 0.018) were signifi cant predictors of a worse outcome, but there was no relationship between any of the variables and non-relapse mortality. On multivariate analysis, a high ferritin level (relative to a low ferritin; hazard risk [HR], 2.0; 95% confi dence interval [CI], 0.87 – 4.78; p 0.098) was not associated with worse 3-year OS. In addition, we could not fi nd any signifi cant predictors for OS or relapse according to multivariate analysis, including the above-mentioned variables. To our knowledge, this is the fi rst report to indicate that pre-CBT serum ferritin is a possible predictor of the longterm outcome after CBT. Although serum ferritin is thought to be an indicator of iron overload in transplant recipients, the mechanism of the relationhip between a high serum ferritin level and a poor outcome of SCT is still unknown. It has been reported that a high pretransplant serum ferritin level is related to an increase of infectious complications following SCT [2,3]. Th e mechanism by which iron overload leads to L eu k L ym ph om a D ow nl oa de d fr om in fo rm ah ea lth ca re .c om b y N yu M ed ic al C en te r on 0 5/ 24 /1 5


Nonconvexities in the criterion function of adaptive control problems were first found about ten years ago with numerical methods. Recently they have been confirmed by B. Mizrach (1991) with analytical methods. He found that a source of the nonconvexity was the probing component of the cost-to-go. Mizrach's results have been extended in this paper. First, the probing function has been characterized and found to support the use of algorithms that exploit this character to find the global optimum. Secondly, a new source of nonconvexities has been found in the cautionary component of the cost-to-go. Copyright 1995 by Economics Department of the University of Pennsylvania and the Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association.


【Objective】To studychanges of the levels of serum nitric oxide(NO) and endothelin-1(ET-1) in rheumatoid arthritis(RA) patients.【Methods】55 cases of patients with RA and 29 cases of healthy volunteers were used as the research subjects, nitrate reduction method and biotin double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) were used to detect the levels of serum NO and ET-1, combined with serum rheumatoid factors(RF) and ring resistance guanidine peptide amino acid cyclic citrullinated peptide(CCP) were analyzed.【Re- sults】RA patients serum NO level was significantly higher than the healthy control group(P 0.05). Serum levels of ET-1 had no significant difference between the two groups. Serum level of NO and ET-1 had no obvious difference between RF positive and RF negative patients with RA. But, Serum level of NO in the Anti CCP antibody positive RA patients was significantly higher than in the Anti CCP antibody negative RA patients. 【Conclusion】NO played a certain role in the development process at the RA.


Strategic planning for airport design and operations is a challenging task, since it should consider: (1) a variety of alternative futures; (2) their consequences for airport performance; and (3) possible strategies for ensuring that the airport meets its business objectives. Existing models and tools for quantifying airport performance require significant data and substantial modeling effort, and do not readily produce the information relevant to decision-makers. Therefore, a fast and simple simulation model is needed that provides insight into the key performance indicators of an airport for different strategies across different futures. In this paper, a simple simulation model is developed. Different scenarios, with increasing traffic and changing traffic distribution, are simulated with a general simulation platform called ProModel, which can provide output data for airport capacity evaluation and checks for bottleneck. Case studies show that the model can be easily executed and proved to be feasible to quickly generate interest results for decision-makers.


The efficacy of ingot level lifetime testing has been limited due to historically poor correlation between ingot lifetime and cell performance. Studies have shown that the DC photoconductance decay is capable of determining differences in average ingot lifetime as a function of starting material, but those studies showed the effects to be a small portion of the total variation. This work looks at a new attempt to correlate ingot lifetimes and cell performance given a more stable starting material supply, and an overall accounting of the sources of variation contributing to ingot lifetime. Finally, ingots whose lifetime was particularly low relative to the predicted performance were studied leading to an indication of additional root causes. The work, as a whole, provides a perspective on the practical impact of various factors on ingot lifetime.


the need to reform the reference system is shown
 forestry in Ukraine, which is caused by global climate
 changes, anthropogenic impact on the environment, the formation of new state
 approaches, the need to maintain the principles of forest management in accordance with modern
 society's requirements for the conservation and conservation of nature that will contribute
 developing clear strategic and tactical approaches to enhancing the role of forestry
 industry in the further development of the country's economic complex and improvement
 performing forest environmental and social functions.


Due to the increasing adoption of internet technologies in our daily lives, we are moving rapidly into a world of total interconnection of humans and machines. This means that after fixed mobile convergence (FMC) and voice data integration, which has coincided the evolution of telecommunication infrastructures in the last two decades, we are now witnessing the start of a much broader convergence of quite different application domains, with different value chains and used technologies.


Effects of modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) on the contents of total acid, allicin and blue pigment and yellow pigment of "Laba" garlic were investigated after storage at 0 °C, 20 °C, 37 °C for 7 days. Results showed that, compared with 20 °C and 37 °C, 0°C had the most remarkable effect on maintaining quality parameters, which were 58.5 mg/g, 0,0654 mmol/L, 0.22, 0.87 for total acid, allicin, blue pigment, yellow pigment, respectively. This study suggested that 70 μm-thick polypropylene film storage bag with 0 °C showed the best effects in maintaining the quality of "Laba" garlic during storage for 7 days and extending the storage life.


Let X be a real Banach space, X* its dual, A a linear map of X into X* and N a nonlinear map of X* into X. Using the recent results of Browder and Gupta, Brezis, and Petryshyn, in this paper we study the abstract Hammerstein equation, w + ANw = 0. Assuming suitable growth conditions on Az, new existence results are obtained under the following conditions on X, A and N. In §1 : X is reflexive, A bounded with f(x) = (Ax, x) weakly lower semicontinuous, N bounded and of type (M). In §2: A' is a general space, A angle-bounded, N pseudo-monotone. In §3 : X is weakly complete, A strictly (strongly) monotone, N bounded (unbounded) and of type (M). In §4: X is a general space, A is monotone and symmetric, A^ is potential. In §5: Jfis reflexive and with Schauder basis, X* strictly convex, N quasibounded and either monotone, or bounded and pseudo-monotone, or bounded and of type (M). Introduction. Let X be a real Banach space, X* its conjugate space and (w, x) the value of the functional w in X* at the element x in X. In this paper we study the solvability of functional equations of the form (1)


The increasing use of vasectomy continues to stimulate interest in its possible side effects. At least one study has suggested a greater prevalence of


Does country selection affect the corporate social performance (CSP) of multinational enterprises (MNEs)? In this study we suggest that greater institutional diversity within an MNE's operating environment may adversely affect its ability to maintain higher levels of CSP. Using institutional distance and organizational learning as our theoretical lenses, we investigate the impact of institutional differences on CSP. We conceptualize the MNE as a unique portfolio of locations and use the MNE's entire operating footprint to explore the effects of average portfolio formal and informal institutional distances on CSP. We hypothesize and find that firms with greater average informal institutional distance within their portfolios have lower overall levels of CSP. Findings also confirm the moderating influence of formal institutional distance; greater formal institutional distance within the MNE portfolio reduces the CSP benefits of international scope.


In order to research the deformation and failure of the mining floor in Zhengzhou mining area,the strain site measurements were conducted with the boreholes drilled in the up and down gateways of the No.22121 East fully mechanized top coal caving mining face in Chaohua Mine of Zhengzhou Mining Area.The mining deformation failure depth and strata location of the seam floor in the soft roof,coal, and floor gateway were obtained as well as the width and influence scope of the stress peat value in the front of the coal mining face wall, Under the influence of the pilot stress concentrated,the deformation failure depth and degree in the down gateway was higher than the up gateway.The rearch results showed that trader the normal mining conditions,the thick soft coal and soft floor would have the certain buffer function to the transmission of the stress and deformation.It was found that the middle limestone group(L_7 and L_8 limestone)of the main mining seam floor played an important control role in the stress distribution and deformation failure.


Objective To compare the active management of term prelabour rupture of membranes with oral misoprostol with conservative management for 24 hours followed by induction with oxytocin or prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) gel.


As global warming intensifies, most of mountain glaciers are in retreat in the worldwide. However, glaciers in Karakoram have been observed to be slightly thickening and advancing. Because the Karakoram Mountains are one of the most remote and less accessible mountain ranges in the world, there are very few in situ observations of glacier dynamics in the Karakoram. In this study, we use 3 ENVISAT ASAR images acquired during the period 2004-2006 to detect surface velocity of the Baltoro glacier. Glacier surface velocity is derived from the SAR offset tracking method which is widely used to estimate surface displacements. Our results indicate that the glacier surface velocity is relatively stable during 2004 to 2006. Moreover, we discuss ice dynamics mechanisms by using transverse velocity profiles.


8518 Background: Sunitinib is a small molecule that inhibits several tyrosine kinase receptors, including VEGFR, PDGFR, c-KIT, FLT3 and RET. These kinases play a key role in neoangiogenesis and in ...


Small airway epithelial cells are the primary line of defense against inhaled environmental pathogens. Mast cell numbers are increased in asthmatic airways and release of mast cell mediators may regulate early inflammation. This study investigated the activation of calcium‐independent phospholipase A2 (iPLA2) in response to tryptase stimulation of human small airways epithelial cells (HSAEC). Our results demonstrate that by 10 minutes tryptase stimulation lead to an increase in iPLA2 activity (2.5 ± 0.2 to 4.8 ± 0.18 nmol/mg protein/min, p<0.01, n=6)) and a subsequent increase in the release of arachidonic acid (0.6 ± 0.1 to 4.0 ± 0.1 %, p<0.01, n=6) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) (2107 ± 58 to 5344 ± 48 pg/mg protein, p<0.01, n=6). The increased iPLA2 activity was completely inhibited by pretreating the cells with bromoenol lactone (BEL, a selective iPLA2 inhibitor). BEL also inhibited the tryptase‐induced arachidonic acid and PGE2 release from HSAEC. Previous studies have demonstrated that PGE2 can be beneficial in endothelial repair and thus our data suggest a protective action for mast cell degranulation.


The financial sector always plays the central role in development and economic growth, so the relationship between financial development and economic growth appears to be essential. Government in oil exporting countries, relying on oil revenues, has the possibility of extensive arrival to financial markets and different changes in it. Thus, employment in this sector is very important and efficient recruiting will stimulate booming in the financial intermediation sector. Therefore, in this paper, using the shift-share analysis and spatial coefficient index, investigated the employment in financial intermediation sector of whole country and separately for urban, rural and non-resident over the period 2006–2011. The results indicate that some of the provinces in financial intermediation sector have negative regional share effect and more than half have positive effect and expressing comparative advantage of regions in this sector. In non-resident regions, financial intermediation has negative regional share effect and in urban and rural regions, most of the provinces have positive regional share effect. Employment related to financial intermediation sector in the provinces of Ilam, Tehran, Semnan and Yazd is considered as basic activities and in urban regions of the provinces of Ilam, Tehran, Semnan and Yazd and in rural regions of the provinces of Ilam, Bushehr, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, South Khorasan, Semnan, Fars, Kerman, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad, Golestan, Gilan, Mazandaran, Hormozgan and Yazd and in non-resident regions of the provinces of Sistan and Baluchistan, Fars, Ghazvin and Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad are considered as basic activities.


Abnormal deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ) causes the formation of senile plaques, which is one of the main pathological features of Alzheimer disease. To visualize the plaques at nanometer resolution, single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) is promising. It is also essential to develop a method for suppressing autofluorescence especially under high-magnifications used for detecting single molecules. Here, we report a novel method to reduce autofluorescence in mouse brains which is applicable to visualize the structure of Aβ plaques by SMLM. The super-resolution images of Aβ plaques showed fibrous structures that were not able to be discerned by conventional fluorescence imaging.


Purpose: We examined the association between BMI and lung cancer while overcoming bias due to preclinical weight loss and insufficient adjustment on tobacco-smoking. We used data from the ICARE study, a large French multicenter population-based case-control study. BMI was available at age 30 and two years before diagnosis. Complete lifetime smoking habits were combined in an innovative Comprehensive Smoking Index (CSI) that specifically models the effect of tobacco-smoking on the risk of lung cancer. Methods: A total of 2683 incident lung cancer cases and 3385 controls were included. Unconditional logistic regression controlled for age, centre, CSI, occupational exposure to a carcinogenic agent, antecedents of chronic bronchitis, family history of lung cancer and level of education was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). BMI was categorized according to the OMS international classification of underweight ( 30 kg/m2) in adults, with normal range (18.5-24.9 kg/m2) used as the referent group. Influence of change in weight between age 30 and two years before diagnosis was examined among participants whose BMI was normal at age 30. Analyses were stratified on smoking status (current, former and never-smokers) and sex. Results: When compared with normal BMI two years before diagnosis, lung cancer aORs (95% CI) among male current smokers with a BMI of Conclusions: The inverse dose-dependent association between BMI and lung cancer risk in current smokers was more pronounced when considering BMI two years before diagnosis as opposed to BMI at age 30, which is consistent with a larger "exposure-frame" to a low BMI. BMI may modulate the carcinogenic effect of smoking because low BMI has been associated with increased levels of markers of oxidative stress and DNA adducts among smokers. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1920. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1920


We present amorphous silicon p‐i‐n diodes able to sustain a reverse bias corresponding to 106 V/cm with a reasonably low leakage current. The influence of the p‐layer thickness on the reverse bias current and the breakdown voltage is investigated. The high‐voltage reverse current at room temperature is attributed to two different mechanisms: field enhanced thermal generation in the p‐i interface region and, at the highest bias, electron injection through the p layer. Variable range hopping is also contributing to the low‐temperature reverse current. Charge collection measurements after pulsed photogeneration were also performed up to the maximum voltage. No evidence for signal amplification is found, which sets a lower limit of 106 V/cm for impact ionization and avalanche phenomena.


The invention provides a method for backing up and recovering private data, and is applicable to the technical field of communication. The method comprises the following steps of: in a backup environment, backing up the private data and backing up an environment private password; in a recovery environment, recovering the private data and backing up the environment private password; preferably, before the private data is recovered, replacing the backup environment private password of the private data by a recovery environment private password in the recovery environment; and when the private data is recovered, replacing the recovery environment private password of the private data by a backup environment private password and backing up the environment private password to be the private password in the recovery environment. Correspondingly, the invention also provides a system for backing up and recovering the private data. Therefore, the backup and the recovery of the private password are increased in the process of backing up and recovering the private data, so that the passwords of the backup environment and the recovery environment can be verified in two directions, the leakage of the private data can be effectively prevented, and the safety of the private data is better guaranteed.


Severe K nutritional problems in maize (Zea mays L.) and soyabean (Glycine max (L) Merr.) are common on the strongly K-fixing gleysols of east Croatia, Yugoslavia. There is, however, little information currently available regarding the K fertilizer requirements of these soils. The work reported here was conducted to obtain this information. Maize and soyabean were grown for three seasons in experiments incorporating seven initial K application rates (125, 275, 460, 650, 835, 1 580 and 2 220 kg ha−1). In the second and third seasons equal rates of K (125 kg ha−1) were applied to all plots. Both maize and soyabean responded dramatically. In the first season yield responses were curvilinear in nature, but by the third season responses were linear and K nutrition was clearly inadequate, even at the highest rate of K application. Soil and plant analytical data generally mirrored these effects and it is apparent that severe fixation of applied K resulted in a massive K requirement. Further work is needed to est...


Following the political transformation of Hungary fundamental changes took place in the trading sector as a consequence of privatization. The influx of active capital considerably influenced the economy and due to its multiplying effects new enterprise management systems, new work comprehension, new service background were established to help the economy participants. Chain formation, trade companies and shopping centres having large floor-space moved into the area with their modern equipments and wide commodity assortment, assisted by foreign capital investment. At the same time national retail trade declined, micro enterprises with few employees lost their survival possibilities in the area. The reply of the food trade sector to the entry of well-capitalized enterprises in the area was that the "chain formation" of smaller retailers became more frequent in the last years in Hungary. This type of transformation made them capable of competing with the big companies.


In order to make clear the pollution situation of heavy metals in Wuzhong City's groundwater regarding spatial distribution and where the pollution has came from,the methods of multivariate statistic analysis and geo-statistical analysis were used in this paper,focusing on heavy metals including As,Cd,Cr,Cu,Pb,Ni and Mn with respect to analysis of their concentrations and influencing factors. On the basis of the variable correlation analysis and R-Cluster analysis,the spatial distribution of those heavy metals was explored in terms of the similarities and differences. Findings of the investigation revealed that As,Cu,Pb,Ni and Mn had stronger correlations other than Cd and Cr. Furthermore,spatial structure variances and random variation and sources of heavy metals in soil were discussed by analysis of semi-variance;the fitting parameters indicated that the nugget coefficient of Cd was bigger than 75%,which meant random variation hand dominated the distribution of Cd while the others showed the strong structural variation of heavy-metal spatial distribution implying the influences of soil parent material.


A new loss monitor system has been designed and installed at the Los Alamos Meson Physics Facility (LAMPF). The detectors are ion chambers filled with N/sub 2/ gas. The electronics modules have a threshold range of 1:100, and they can resolve changes in beam loss of about 2% of the threshold settings. They can generate a trip signal in 2 /spl mu/s if the beam loss is large enough, and if we include the response time of the Fast Protect System, the beam will be shut off in about 37 /spl mu/s.


In Germany, Feuerbach's Essence of Christianity was "considered the book of the age", in England, however, its "lady translator" became a target for numerous attacks, including charges that the work propounded the "new Hegelian Atheism. In Feuerbach's approach to the "essence" of Christianity, "infidelity" had shifted substantially in the direction of an explicit, "utter atheism" that positively denied God's existence. Feuerbach was primarily identified with "vulgar atheism", and not with a "religious atheism" consisting either in an attack on "historical Christianity" or in "political antagonism to priests and churches". Feuerbach's atheism took the assault on Christianity out of historical criticism into religious naturalism and out of Christianity into anthropology. Feuerbachian atheism had become a ready option for religious radicals.Keywords: Essence of Christianity; Feuerbachian Atheism; Hegelian Atheism; infidelity; New England; religious naturalism


The five visible planets are certainly attested to in Egyptian sources from about 2000 bce. The three outer ones are religiously connected with the falcon-headed god Horus, Venus with his father Osiris, and Mercury with Seth, the brother and murderer of Osiris. Clear attestations of the planets are largely limited to decoration programs covering the whole night sky. There are a number of passages in religious texts where planets may be mentioned, but many of them are uncertain because the names given to the planets are for most of them not specific enough to exclude other interpretations. There may have been a few treatises giving a more detailed religious interpretation of the planets and their behavior, but they are badly preserved and hardly understandable in the details.
 In the Late Period, probably under Mesopotamian influence, the sequence of the planets as well as their religious associations could change; at least one source links Saturn with the Sun god, Mars with Miysis, Mercury with Thot, Venus with Horus, son of Isis, and Jupiter with Amun, arranging the planets with those considered negative in astrology first, separated from the positive ones by the vacillating Mercury. Late monuments depicting the zodiac place the planets in positions which are considered important in astrology, especially the houses or the place of maximum power (hypsoma; i.e., "exaltation").
 Probably under Babylonian influence, in the Greco-Roman Period mathematical models for calculating the positions and phases of the planets arose. These were used for calculating horoscopes, of which a number in demotic Egyptian are attested. There are also astrological treatises (most still unpublished) in the Egyptian language which indicate the relevance of planets for forecasts, especially for the fate of individuals born under a certain constellation, but also for events important for the king and the country in general; they could be relevant also for enterprises begun at a certain date.
 There is some reception of supposedly or actually specific Egyptian planet sequences, names and religious associations in Greek sources.


ABSTRACT ABSTRACT ABSTRACT Here we present a patient with a psychotic episode subsequent to a gastric bypass whose symptoms decrease upon initiating treatment with thiamine. This patient has a background of alcohol consumption since the age of 17 and symptoms of a long evolution mild depres- sion who undergoes bariatric surgery and loses 40 kg. After surgery, depressive symptoms are exacerbated and started with psychosis. The patient presented a notable improvement to the administration or oral Thiamine, integrating the Wernicke Korsakoff syndrome fol- lowing a gastric bypass and alcohol abuse disorder. In this case we can see that psychotic symptoms are present three months after bypass surgery, which could have conditioned to an accelerated depletion of thiamine levels in the central nervous system, exacer- bated by alcohol consumption. Low levels of vitamin B12 are obser- ved in only 70% of Korsakoff syndrome patients and that psychotic episodes have been reported on patients with normal thiamine levels. Such was the case observed of our patient, exhibiting consi- derable improvement chiefly in memory and a reduction in psycho- tic symptomatology.


Several studies have identified clinical questions posed by health care professionals to understand the nature of information needs during clinical practice. To support access to digital information sources, it is necessary to integrate the information needs with a computer system. We have developed a conceptual guidance approach in information retrieval, based on a knowledge base that contains the patterns of information needs. The knowledge base uses a formal representation of clinical questions based on the UMLS knowledge sources, called the Generic Query model. To improve the coverage of the knowledge base, we investigated a method for extracting plausible clinical questions from the medical literature. This poster presents the Generic Query model, shows how it is used to represent the patterns of clinical questions, and describes the framework used to extract knowledge from the medical literature.


The invention discloses a tunnel fire control linkage system and a control method, wherein the tunnel fire control linkage system comprises tunnel internal fire fighting equipment, manual alarm equipment, a tunnel internal fire fighting management system, a fire alarm system local area network, a tunnel television monitoring system, a broadcasting system and an emergency telephone. When presence of fire in a tunnel is detected, warning signals are sent to a fire alarm control unit through the fire alarm system local area network, and the fire alarm control unit contacts an information board arranged at the entrance of the tunnel to send information about what happened in the tunnel according to a pre-arranged emergency plan, and contacts a traffic light so as to set the traffic light at a state of no entry.


Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is a power-driven aircraft that is unmanned and reusable. The purpose of this study is to accurately estimate the state of charge (SOC) of lithium-ion batteries for UAVs. A support vector machine (SVM) method, SVM is a type of learning machine based on statistical learning, is used as the input variable of the battery charging discharge data (current, voltage and temperature). The kernel of the radial basis function is the best kernel of authors' experiment, where the C, ν and g values are 1, 0.012 and 0.0125, respectively. The experimental results from the lithium-ion battery data at NASA Ames Prognostics Center of Excellence demonstrate the potential application of the proposed method as an effective tool for battery SOC prediction. The accuracy of the whole experiment is 98.42%. Mean-squared error is 1.783%. The experimental results show that the model has higher accuracy in predicting the discharge capacity of lithium battery SOC-training samples.


The invention provides a picture capturing device with a high dynamic range and a method thereof. The device runs a picture capturing procedure with the high dynamic range. The procedure comprises a mode opening module, a parameter setting module, a picture synthesis module, and a picture storage module. The mode opening module is used for opening the shooting model of the picture with the high dynamic range. The parameter setting module is used for setting the size of an exposure value range in shooting a picture according to the requirements; the picture synthesis module is used for overlying luminance information of every pixel in the pictures with different illumination taken in different exposure value ranges so as to obtain an overlapped picture with the high dynamic range. The picture storage module is used for storing the picture with the high dynamic range. By using the invention, a user can easily acquire the pictures with high quality closer to real scenes by a common camera.


Using the method of total absorption for weak lines on the linear part of the curve of growth, we measured absolute oscillator strengths for the ultraviolet (3600 A) transitions a/sup 7/S/sub 3/-y/sup 7/p/sup 0//sub 2//sub ,//sub 3//sub ,//sub 4/ and for the violet (4275 A) transitions a/sup 7/S/sub 3/-z/sup 7/P/sup 0//sub 2//sub ,//sub 3//sub ,//sub 4/. The oscillator strengths measured by total absorption agree well with other measurements made by the lifetime, beam-foil, and hook methods. An absolute scale was established for several extensive compilations of oscillator strengths for chromium transitions with lower level energy, 0.94 eV< or =chi/sub l/< or =1.03 eV. Application of this absolute scale to several calculations of the solar chromium abundance resulted in the best value: log/sub 10/(N/sub cr//N/sub H/) =5.31. (AIP)


Given a process {X1}, any permutation δ : [1, n] → [1, n] determines an order statistical event A(δ) are needed to form a union whose probability exceeds 1 ε? This question is answered in the case of stationary ergodic processes with finite entropy.


Nowadays, the integrated energy system (IES) has become an inevitable development trend for energy systems. With the deepening coupling relationship between the power system and the water network, the advantages of the integrated electricity-water system (IEWS) in reducing operating costs and improving energy efficiency are highlighted gradually. However, the existing research on the state estimation (SE) of IEWS ignores the difference of various kinds of pipe's head loss formulas. This paper proposes an integrated state-estimation framework for IEWS based on an accurate head loss formula for pipes which considers the influence of fluid physical properties with a broader application scope in flow rate. Bi-level SE framework calculates the friction factor of all pipes to get a precise SE model. Finally, a test IEWS which consists of an 11-node water network and an 18-bus power system is used to verify the effectiveness of the computational framework at high flow rate.


The authors investigate piezoelectric Pb(Zr,Ti)O/sub 3/ thin films on shape memory alloy TiNi substrates prepared by a sol-gel process. Lead acetate, zirconium isopropoxide and titanium n-butyloxide dissolved respectively in a solvent were mixed under nitrogen to form a precursor solution. The resultant solution was spun onto the TiNi SMA substrates at 2000 rpm for 30s. The amorphous thin films were crystallized by annealing in air. It was found that the crack-free PZT thin films displayed good mechanical bonding with the TiNi substrates.


Thesis is considering about short-term creep of polymer materials supported by mechanical load. We observe creep modulus by the time submitted 3 point and 4 point bending for two materials. Experiment will used for dimensioning and projecting of welded polymer contai-ners, swimming pools, sewerage plants and other konstructions.


Experimental research is done on Electrical Discharge Gringing(EDG) with sheet-electrode for the kind of slender rod with low rigidity in this paper.The results show that EDG is more propitious to improve the productivity,geometry precision and also the surface roughness than WEDG.


Objective To investigate the effect of edaravone on plasma ox-LDL levels and PON1 activities in pa-tients with acute cerebral infarction.Methods 68 patients were divided in experimental group(n=38) and control group(n= 30).Patients in control group were given routine treatment,while patients in experimental group were given edaravone be-sides routine treatment.Plasma levels of ox-LDL were measured by ELISA method,levels of PON1 were determined with velocity method;ox-LDL and PON1 were measured in two groups before and after treatment.Results There are no signifi-cant differences about ox-LDL and PON1 levels between two groups before treatment.After treatment,ox-LDL were de-creased significantly compare to pretreatment in experimental group,along with an increase of PON1 levels(P0.05).Plas-ma levels of ox-LDL and PON1 were also statistically significant between the two groups after treatment(P0.05).ox-LDL levels were negatively correlated with PON1 in experimental group after treatment(r=-0.298,P0.01).Conclusion Eda-ravone can decrease plasma levels of ox-LDL effectively in patients with acute cerebral infarction,and the mechanism about this effect may be associated with increase levels of PON1.


Protecting nature is important to prevent disasters. It is necessary to shape the environmental values in a person to encourage nature preservation to have positive attitudes and behavior toward nature. The positive attitudes and behavior toward nature can be expressed through literature in poetry. Snyder's Mother Earth: Whales is a poem that promotes environmental values. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate how literary devices reveal environmental values in Snyder's Mother Earth: Whales. This study used an Ecocriticim approach and environmental values concept by Stern and Dietz to analyze on of Gary Snyder's poems in Turtle Island anthology of poems entitled Mother Earth: Whales. This study found that, in Mother Earth: Whales, Snyder endeavored to reveal environmental value of biospheric value by using figurative languages. In this poem, he used seven cynicisms, three similes, two allusions, two personifications and four metaphors. Furthermore, the researcher suggests a future researcher to use pragmatic approach and VBN theory.


Since the mid-1980s the Malagasy government has pursued fiscal and administrative reform along with economic and financial liberalization. These efforts have contributed to steady GDP growth rates since 1995, averaging 4.1 percent between 1997 and 1999. Manufacturing has been keeping pace with GDP, its share hovering around 12 percent. Firms located in Export Processing Zones (EPZs) have experienced tremendous growth, (19% a year between 1995 and 1999), but their production still represents a relatively small share of value added. Most of the growth in the Malagasy economy has occurred in transportation, construction and other nontradable sectors. By contrast, the development of import-substituting (IS) firms has been considerably slower. In the past, IS firms became accustomed to producing for the domestic market under the protection of high import barriers. These companies are stagnating as they find themselves unprepared for the stiff competition from imports unleashed by recent liberalization. The present market structure has created distortions, pulling resources into the EPZs (and to some extent, the non-tradables sector) from the rest of the economy. Given the right environment, all segments of the economy can thrive, contributing to a faster overall growth rate with a much broader base. Despite the dramatic growth of recent years, EPZs also face constraints and there is considerable room for improvement. Firm-level studies allow for distinguishing the impediments and challenges faced by these disparate groups. Madagascar must address these issues to improve productivity and competitiveness both inside and outside EPZs, as trade barriers fall around the world and the country becomes more integrated into the global economy. Incentives and Obstacles to Growth: Lessons from Manufacturing Case Studies in Madagascar Introduction.............................................................................................................................. 1 Growth and Structure of the Industrial Sector ................................................................. 2 Reform and Restructuring................................................................................................ 4 Export Processing Zones.......................................................................................................... 5 Textiles and Garments ..................................................................................................... 6 Information Technology ................................................................................................ 12 Handicrafts ..................................................................................................................... 16 The Common Law Sector ...................................................................................................... 22 Infrastructure.................................................................................................................. 28 Taxes .............................................................................................................................. 29 Market and Industry Structure ....................................................................................... 30 Barriers to Entry............................................................................................................. 31 Conclusion ..................................................................................................................... 32 Cross-Cutting Issues .............................................................................................................. 33 Infrastructure.................................................................................................................. 33 Finance and Banking...................................................................................................... 34 Training and Education.................................................................................................. 37 Business Environment.................................................................................................... 40 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................. 42 References .............................................................................................................................. 44 Abbreviations ......................................................................................................................... 45


Optical flow is believed to play an important role in the agile flight of birds and insects. Even though it is a very simple concept, it is rarely used in computer vision for collision avoidance. This work implements a neural network based collision avoidance which was deployed and evaluated on a solely for this purpose refitted car.


Abstract : An ocean bottom seismograph was deployed on the seaward side of the Kuril Trench off Hokkaido, Japan, in 5460 m of water, in August 1975 during the joint Soviet-American Tsunami Expedition. During the seven-day record, S-P times were distributed in three groups: 19-24 sec, corresponding to aftershocks of the 10 June and 13 June 1975 earthquakes southeast of Nemuro, Japan and to earthquakes east of Sanriku, Japan; approximately 30 sec, from south of Erimo Peninsula, Hokkaido; and approximately 100 sec, from the Izu-Bonin Islands. Seven earthquakes, with hypocenters well determined by the land seismic net, are studied in detail. A shallow focus earthquake yields typical oceanic mantle velocities shallower than 50 km in the slab which dips under the Japanese archipelago. However, deeper focus earthquakes reveal anomalously high velocities averaged over the upper 230 km, in agreement with the models of Utsu and Oliver and Isacks. Two deep earthquakes, whose paths lie in the Pacific Ocean asthenosphere, suggest a velocity 3% lower than that predicted by Jeffreys-Bullen, in agreement with the above models. Spectral analysis of S arrivals suggests Q sub s values of 1000-1500 for nearby earthquakes and 4000-6000 for longer-distance earthquakes, implying an unusual attenuation mechanism for long travel paths, which enhances the high frequencies,


SUMMARY. The article deals with the non-psychotic mental disorders of the members of the counterterrorist operation (CTO), comprehensive diagnosis, treatment and therapy of these disorders in the hospital. KEY WORDS: non-psychotic mental disorders, diagnosis, treatment.


Conrad's shorter works of fiction are mostly ignored in the formalistic analysis of his critics. Therefore, in order to fill the gap in the literature associated with the narrative structure of Conrad's shorter works, the authors of this article consider in detail the ideas of Genette's narratology for Conrad's story "Youth, Narration". Narratology, the method used in this article, is a science of literature that originated in the works of Russian formalists and is engaged in the systematic study of narratives. The purpose of this science is to identify the basic structures and relationships involved in the creation of history and its meaning. To achieve this goal, the theorists of narratology have introduced and defined a number of language rules that separate all narratives written in all languages. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that in practice the narratological reading of the material is shown, and also shows how the authors apply these structural rules to their texts. Genette, a French narratologist, introduced five narrative categories in his book Narrative Discourse; these categories include Order, Duration, Frequency, Mood, and Voice. This article discusses Genette's narrative categories applied to Joseph Conrad's short story "Youth, Narrative" and identifies the structural nuances of this story in order to help readers in general and those who study literature, in particular, to touch upon a careful reading of Conrad's writing style.


In the article some properties of functions, Φi(ρ) (ρ≥0, i≥1), are described. They characterize approximate properties of consistencies of operators (Baskakov's operators)


Case Report Though urinary calculus is a common problem but urethra is an unusual site to harbour large calculus primarily. We are reporting a case of giant primary urethral stone secondary to formation of a diverticula and urethrocutaneous fistula which was postsurgical complication of incision and drainage of urethral abscess. This 10 year old boy presented with dysuria and urine dribbling from fistula over ventral aspect of mid penile shaft with two hard nodules palpable over middle and base of shaft of penis. Retrograde urethrogram and cystoscopy demonstrated urethral calculus which was removed by open surgery with excision of fistula tract and urethroplasty.


A cost-effective disk-type capacitive sensor is developed for three dimensional displacement measurement. The capacitance between a sensor disk and a grounded rotor depends on both their air gap and their mutual area overlap, which contains three dimensional position information of the target. The developed sensor has wide measurement range since it detects capacitance variation due to area change, and the sensor is made with a printed circuit board. First, effects of mechanical errors: irregular air gap, target roundness and sensor installation errors on the measuring process of the proposed sensor are analyzed, and a design criterion of the sensor is determined based on the error analysis. In addition, a compensation method for the sensor installation error is proposed. Finally, a test rig is built and the effectiveness of the proposed sensor is proven through experiments.


RAKE is a key technology of Direct-Sequence Spread Spectrum (DS/SS) systems in order to overcome multipath fading by combining delayed signals. It can be extended over the space domain with a combination of an array antenna so called as two-dimensional (2D) RAKE. However, it should be noted that it requires the bit timing prior to the RAKE combining. It means that RAKE combining cannot be performed under low-SN or severe fading environment in which the initial bit timing cannot be acquired. In order for solving this problem, an asynchronous blind 2D-RAKE technique based on the CMA criteria has been proposed. Although it solves the problem, the convergence for deriving the weights takes relatively long time since it employs a number of weights. In this paper, aiming at improving the convergence speed and the stability of the blind 2DRAKE method proposed in [2], we propose a convergence acceleration technique. It is expected that the acceleration technique improves not only the convergence speed but also the output SNR. The rest of the paper is organized as follows. In the Section 2, signals and the blind 2D-RAKE are formulated. Then, in Section 3, the proposed acceleration technique is proposed. After that, in Section 4, the performance is verified through computer simulations. Finally, this paper is concluded in Section 5.


Accurate calculation of temporal stride parameters is essential in horse gait analysis. A prerequisite for calculating these parameters is identifying the exact timings of gait events, i.e., hoof-on and hoof-off moments. A hoof-mounted inertial measurement unit (IMU) can be used to identify these moments accurately, yet this approach is often impractical due to the vulnerability of IMU to the impacts during locomotion. In this study, we investigated the possibility of accurately estimating the gait events using the signals of an IMU mounted on a less vulnerable location, such as a limb or upper body. To achieve the goal, we equipped IMUs on horses limbs, withers, and sacrum and measured them during different gaits. Then, we estimated the gait events timings by training recurrent neural networks models on the output signals of each IMU. Finally, we evaluated the models by comparing their results to the gait events timings labeled from hoof-mounted IMUs. The best performing model represented the best location (between the limbs, withers, and sacrum) for gait event estimation. Compared to the previous studies, our models yielded higher accuracy and were more generic by supporting more gaits. In conclusion, accurate calculation of temporal stride parameters is feasible by estimating gait event timings using an IMU mounted on less vulnerable body locations.


Simple Summary N-myc downstream-regulated gene 2 (NDRG2) is a candidate tumor suppressor in various cancers, including breast cancer. Increased expression of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) is frequently observed in human cancers. Despite its role in cancer cells, the effects of NDRG2 on PD-L1 expression and PD-L1-PD-1 pathway disruption have not been investigated. We demonstrated that NDRG2 overexpression inhibits PD-L1 expression in human breast cancer cells. Blocking T cell proliferation by coculture with 4T1 mouse tumor cells that express high levels of PD-L1 could be significantly reversed by NDRG2 overexpression in the same tumor cells. NDRG2 knockdown in NDRG2-transfected cells elicited the upregulation of PD-L1 expression and accelerated the inhibition of T cell proliferation. These findings were confirmed from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data that PD-L1 expression in basal and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients, but not in luminal A or B cancer patients, was negatively correlated with the NDRG2 expression. Abstract (1) Background: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of NDRG2 expression in regulating PD-L1 or PD-L2 on malignant breast cancer cells. (2) Methods: Overexpression and knockdown of the NDRG2 gene in human and mouse cancer cells were applied and quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot analysis were performed. T cell proliferation and TCGA analysis were conducted to validate negative correlation of the PD-L1 expression with the NDRG2 expression. (3) Results: We found that NDRG2 overexpression inhibits PD-L1 expression in human breast cancer cells through NF-κB signaling. NDRG2 overexpression in 4T1 mouse breast cancer cells followed by PD-L1 downregulation could block the suppressive activity of cancer cells on T cell proliferation and knockdown of NDRG2 expression enhanced the expression of PD-L1, leading to the inhibition of T cell proliferation by tumor cell coculture. Finally, we confirmed from TCGA data that PD-L1 expression in basal and triple-negative breast cancer patients was negatively correlated with the expression of NDRG2. Intriguingly, linear regression analysis using TNBC cell lines showed that the PD-L1 level was negatively associated with the NDRG2 expression level. (4) Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that NDRG2 expression is instrumental in suppressing PD-L1 expression and restoring PD-L1-inhibited T cell proliferation activity in TNBC cells.


Bioterrorism is the aforethought manoeuvring of bioweapons during wars. Many genetically engineered microbes, Bacillusanthracis, Clostridiumtetani, Yersiniapestis are being used in the terms of aerosol sprays, explosive materials and through contamination of natural resources of food, water and land to inflict bio war. Their implementations during war strengthen over the use of conventional weapons due to their ability of fabricating more diseases or to contaminate much of the population and causes adverse effect on their survival. Noble and accessible technologies make them to proliferate which have implications for regional and global security. To make them disinfected or to be protected from them, there is a need of leadership, and many preventive and protective strategies have been enacted through international consultation and cooperation. The exploitation of these genetically engineered microorganisms leads to the enhancement of pollutants in the environment and natural sources of land, air and water. Most of the pollutants among them are Bacteria, pollens, particulate matter, toxic gases, etc. So, some biosafety measures should be taken into consideration to safeguard the people from the harmful effects of these weapons.


A MEMS apparatus for scanning an optical beam comprises a mirror operative to perform a rotational motion to a maximum rotation angle around a mirror rotation axis formed in a double active layer silicon-on-insulator (SOI) substrate. The apparatus may include a bouncing mechanism operative to provide a bouncing event and to reverse the rotational motion. The bouncing event provides the mirror with a piecewise linear response to actuation by intrinsically nonlinear electrostatic forces. In a particular embodiment, the bouncing mechanism includes a vertical comb drive stator built in the same active layer of the double active layer SOI substrate, while actuator comb drive stators are built in a different active layer. ® KIPO & WIPO 2008


Twenty four crossbred (Landrace x Large White) barrows and gilts of average initial weight of 520 kg liveweight were used to evaluate the replacement value of brewers' dried grain (BDG) for maize in diets of pigs. Animals were randomly allotted to pens and treatments in a randomised block design trail. The treatments were (a) 15% crude protein finisher diet and diets in which BDG replaced (b) 15%, (c) 30%, and (d) 45% of the maize. Pigs were slaughtered on attaining 90 · 2–5 kg liveweight and carcass data collected. Pigs fed the control diet took shorter time to attain final slaughter weight (P < 001) and time taken to attain slaughter weight increased linearly as the level of BDG increased in the diet. The feed intake of pigs decreased linearly (P < 001) as the level of maize replaced by BDG increased. However, feed : gain ratio was not significantly different between treatments. The carcass yield (chilled and warm) and body measurements (body length, chest girth and loin girth) were not significantly affected by the dietary treatments. The percentages of shoulder, loin and belly were not significantly affected by the level of BDG feed. However, the percentage ham increased quadratically as the level of BDG replacing maize increased. The loin-eye area and the trimmed carcass yield were not significantly different between treatments. The backfat thickness of pigs decreased non-significantly as the level of BDG increased in the diet of pigs. The organ weights of finisher pigs did not present any clear-cut picture. However, the liver weights of pigs fed high levels of BDG were significantly less when compared to the control.


The species component,distribution and density,biomass of zoobenthos in Macunwan and Haidongwan region of Dianchi Lake Yunnan,and their habitats on the basis of a study conducted during April-August 2000 are reported.Total 40 species were collected,among which 4 species are new record to Dianchi Lake.There are 11 of Annelida,17 of mollusca(among which 11 species are blank of shell ) and 9 of Arthropoda.The average density of zoobenthos is 11?089.78?ind/m 2 and biomass is 58.95?g/m 2.


The introduction of network-based autonomous English learning into college English teaching has tremendously improved the traditional teaching mode and enriched the teaching content.Meanwhile,the importance of "non-intelligence factors" have been recognized.Based on the advantages of network-based autonomous English learning,the paper discusses the cultivation of college students' "non-intelligence factors" in the environment of network-based autonomous English learning from the perspectives of motivation,interest and emotion to cultivate their autonomous learning ability and improve English learning efficiency.


The new citizen community education management innovation in southern Jiangsu is to meet the need of speeding up the integration of urban and rural construction,taking the lead in basically realizing modernization,and building a harmonious community.Based on the characteristics of new southern Jiangsu citizens and community construction experience,the community education management innovation should be launched from objective reality and in the aspects of management mechanism,community education resource integration,educational content and approaches and so on.


An early assessment of the economic implications of nuclear propulsion was carried out in 1955 and 1956. Because of its potential cycle simplicity, interest was focused on the boiling water reactor. A study was then made of a 65,000-tdw tanker with a 75-Mw indirect cycle marine boiling water reactor. Emphasis was placed on the dynamic behavior of the reactor in a seaway, safety and hazards analysis, and heat transfer conditions for the primary system. On the basis of the first design, a series of optimization works were initiated, but uncertainties connected with MBWR dynamics led to the design of a flexible experimental MBWR station within a spherical container. A 15,000-tdw bulk carrier, powered by a 25-Mw forced circulation, indirect cycle MBWR was studied. (J.S.R.)


Large scale distributed systems encompass heterogeneous computational machines, workloads and sub-systems dispersed diversely across the cloud environment. These sub-systems frequently encounter faults and failures due to different data structures, hardware/software malfunction, and communication delay. To speed up computation in such a situation a fault tolerating infrastructure is implemented by adopting a machine learning approach. Under machine learning, an artificial neural network (ANN) captures, manipulates, and updates the states and behaviors of the sub-systems in the servers and worker's machines. Multiple layers of neurons (i. e., deep learning) can handle large scale distributed systems with large datasets. Adopting the variants of a stochastic gradient descend algorithm on subsystems (also known as computational nodes) the efficiency, and reliability of a distributed system are enhanced significantly. In high-performance computing (HPC) applications fault tolerance mechanisms must be embedded to recover from system failures. Keywords— Distributed System, Cloud Environment, Fault Tolerance, Machine Learning, Artificial Neural Network