John Stubbs's study of the scripts of Touch of Evil is both careful and suggestive. My only demurer is a matter of emphasis. It seems to me important to insist that the completed film does not merely render more effective the narrative whose evolution Stubbs traces, but transforms it into something quite new as well as quite strange. A frequent limitation of source studies is that they do not notice, do not give the investigator a vocabulary for noticing, the moment of qualitative mutation. That for Touch of Evil this moment should occur in the completed film and not in Welles's screenplay reminds us again, as Stubbs observes, who the "author" really is. But I would want to say more clearly than he does that the sources are not the source of what makes Touch of Evil valuable to us. That wells up (the pun is difficult to avoid), as we follow the story in its successive permutations, as if from nowhere-not so much filling out the old structure as carrying its fragments, often in considerable disarray, on its own impetuous rush. Of course, I am speaking figuratively. We all know (by now!) there is no such thing as origin. Perhaps what I should say is that as the story becomes a film it undergoes a radical metaphorization. In the scenario, Susan's rape is no more than a brief and serviceably nasty link in the narrative chain. In the film, it becomes a disquieting fantasy-the implacable loudspeaker, the voyeurs' gaze, doors continuously opening-on the very idea of violation. When Welles removes Quinlan's confrontation with Vargas from the hotel room to a deserted ballroom, the scene becomes shadowy, impalpable, stridently resonant. In the script, the final sequence is a conventional shootout in the streets of Los Robles. In the film, transposed to a labyrinthine landscape of derricks and stagnant water, it becomes a night journey, Quinlan's entire career played out as nightmare. In the script, Welles has Quinlan register guilt at shooting Menzies with the most banal of formulas: "I didn't mean to, Pete. You made me do it." The film suggests a compulsion-a fatality-of a different order: Quinlan bulkily staggering down a rubbish-strewn incline to wash his hands in filthy water. It is not a question, in such episodes, of the visuals merely illustrating and making more powerful the words of the shooting script. Quinlan's futile attempt to cleanse himself is more than an icon of his present guilt: it is a paradigm that brings into focus the whole of his life. In effect, all the elements of


regions are known to differ in climatic conditions which can considerably affect maize vegetative growth and yield. In order to determine the year-by-treatment interaction stability analysis was performed, while relative stability was determined by comparing selected treatments versus yield difference of selected cropping systems on Haplic Chernozem (CHha). Analysis of variance for maize grain indicated differences between treatments, while significantly higher yield was observed at a fertilized 3-year (6854 kg ha -1 ) and 2-year rotation (6721 kg ha -1 ). Stability analysis (P < 0.01) showed significant response of maize yield to the agroecological mean yield when linear regression was applied. The effect of crop rotation on maize yield was inversely proportional to the ratio of the maize in the sequence. Relative stability showed that the higher yield sensitivity to favourable climatic conditions would be with maize monoculture (r = 0.76), and unfertilized rotations showed a decreasing yield trend when mean agroecological yield was increasing (P < 0.05). When comparing simulated root mean square error (RMSE) of yield stability, the fertilized 2-year rotation and the monoculture fit into RMSE 95% confidence interval (P < 0.05). The results demonstrated that the stability analysis can help in selection of maize technology and interpretation of environment × treatment interaction observed in a long-term experiment.


Whey protein, milk-derived antibody or the functional composition or food containing the antibody, whey protein and carbohydrate, cocoa powder, powdered bieung castles insoluble seafood, green tea, aloe powder, turmeric powder, pumpkin powder, red grape juice powder, tomato in that it contains the powder, cranberry powder, raspberry powder, blueberry powder or strawberry powder, whey protein food according to claim. Whey protein, milk, antibodies, saengjeot, water absorption, fake.


Radon is a carcinogenic, radioactive gas that can accumulate indoors. Indoor radon exposure at the national scale is usually estimated on the basis of extensive measurement campaigns. However, characteristics of the sample often differ from the characteristics of the population due to the large number of relevant factors such as the availability of geogenic radon or floor level. Furthermore, the sample size usually does not allow exposure estimation with high spatial resolution. We propose a model-based approach that allows a more realistic estimation of indoor radon distribution with a higher spatial resolution than a purely data-based approach. We applied a two-stage modelling approach: 1) a quantile regression forest using environmental and building data as predictors was applied to estimate the probability distribution function of indoor radon for each floor level of each residential building in Germany; (2) a probabilistic Monte Carlo sampling technique enabled the combination and population weighting of floor-level predictions. In this way, the uncertainty of the individual predictions is effectively propagated into the estimate of variability at the aggregated level. The results give an arithmetic mean of 63 Bq/m3, a geometric mean of 41 Bq/m3 and a 95 %ile of 180 Bq/m3. The exceedance probability for 100 Bq/m3 and 300 Bq/m3 are 12.5 % (10.5 million people) and 2.2 % (1.9 million people), respectively. In large cities, individual indoor radon exposure is generally lower than in rural areas, which is a due to the different distribution of the population on floor levels. The advantages of our approach are 1) an accurate exposure estimation even if the survey was not fully representative with respect to the main controlling factors, and 2) an estimate of the exposure distribution with a much higher spatial resolution than basic descriptive statistics.


The article discusses the level of road safety in the case of the city of Sosnowiec. Traffic safety was compared over a 11-year period from 2006 to 2016. The data were obtained from the municipal police headquarters in Sosnowiec. The authors of this publication created a graphical presentation of traffic incidents with their participants and causes. Numerical data have been presented, and separated into road accidents and collisions as well as injured and fatalities. The age and sex characteristics of the perpetrators of road accidents were presented. The QGIS program was also used for the analysis, which allowed us to map the most dangerous intersections in Sosnowiec.


The invention relates to vectors for cloning and expression of heterologous genes in yeast, BEING CHARACTERISTIC OF SUCH VECTORS THE FACT THAT CONTAIN AT LEAST THE COMPLETE plasmid DNA PKD1 (isolated from Kluyveromyces drosophilarum) OR PART OF THE WELL AS A SEGMENT CARRYING A DNA AND heterologous gene sequence necessary for expression of said gene. HIGH STABILITY OF YEAST TRANSFORMED BY SUCH VECTORS, allows use SCALE INDUSTRIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY IN VARIOUS FIELDS.


The data presented in this report are the result of Brine Sampling and Evaluation Program (BSEP) activities at the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) during 1990. When excavations began in 1982, small brine seepages (weeps) were observed on the walls. These brine occurrences were initially described as part of the Site Validation Program. Brine studies were formalized in 1985. The BSEP activities document and investigate the origins, hydraulic characteristics, extent, and composition of brine occurrences in the Permian Salado Formation and seepage of that brine into the excavations at the WIPP. The brine chemistry is important because it assists in understanding the origin of the brine and because it may affect possible chemical reactions in the buried waste after sealing the repository. The volume of brine and the hydrologic system that drives the brine seepage also need to be understood to assess the long-term performance of the repository. After more than eight years of observations (1982--1990), no credible evidence exists to indicate that enough naturally occurring brine will seep into the WIPP excavations to be of practical concern. The detailed observations and analyses summarized herein and in previous BSEP reports confirm the evidence apparent during casual visits to the undergroundmore » workings -- that the excavations are remarkably dry.« less


In this article, (3+1)-dimensional generalized Shallow Water-like (gSWl) equation is discussed. The infinitesimal generators of the equation are derived by using the Lie symmetry analysis method. The optimal system is obtained based on the adjoint table of the generators of the equation. Exact solutions of the equation are constructed by applying symmetry reduction, Exp − ϕ ( ξ ) expansion method, Exp-function expansion method, Riccati equation method, and G ′ / G expansion method. For analyzing the dynamical behavior of the solutions, we derive the physical structures of dark soliton, kink wave, and periodic solutions via numerical simulations.


A lot of uncertain elements exist in the process of power system flow calculation. When planning and designning the power system or analyzing its operation condition,it is impossible to take all the uncertain elements into account. Therefore,the results using certain flow method always deviate from the correct and true result. In this paper,probabilistic load flow methods were used to solve these problems. The paper firstly analyzed the theoretical basis of H-PEM. And then the simulation was performed to prove the feasibility of using H-PEM to analyze probabilistic load flow. According to the simulation results compared with the results using Monte Carlo probabilistic analyzing method,Hong's point estimation method can obtain good consequence in probabilistic load flow calculation.


At the end of their service lives, various stainless steel components of nuclear weapons that have been exposed to tritium gas are evaluated to determine the extent of the tritium permeation. This information is then used to assess the decrement to performance caused by hydrogen (tritium) embrittlement. This evaluation is currently performed using a photo-emulsion based method and requires 24 hours or longer to complete. A system based on digital imaging technology has recently been designed and built at the Savannah River National Laboratory that performs this evaluation in 10 minutes or less on typical samples.


Objective To investigate the clinical value of self-monitoring of blood glucose(SMBG) in monitoring the fluctuation of blood glucose(BG) in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) patients with glycosylated hemoglobin 1c(HbA1c)6.5%.Methods SMBG for continuous 12 weeks was performed in 76 T2DM patients with HbA1c6.5%.The fluctuation of BG was analyzed.Results There was no significant difference in HbAlc between before and 12 weeks later in 76 T2DM patient(P0.05).The dayly HbAlc value was positively correlated to BG(P0.01),but was not associated with mean maximum BG,the subtraction value between maximum and minimum BG,mean minimum BG and mean postprandial maximum BG.SMBG showed that (71.32±12.57)% BG values were in the target range,(10.72±4.39)% of BG values were excessively high,and(6.21±2.85)% of BG values were excessively low.Asymptomatic hypoglycemia was found in the study.ConclusionThe apparent hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia exist in T2DM patients with HbA1c6.5%.SMBG can offer much more information about the fluctuation in BG levels,which provides a reasonable choice for the treatment.


Entity annotation in Wikipedia (officially named wikilinks) greatly benefits human end-users. Human editors are required to select all mentions that are most helpful to human end-users and link each mention to a Wikipedia page. We aim to design an automatic system to generate Wikipedia-style entity annotation for any plain text. However, existing research either rely heavily on mention-entity map or are restricted to named entities only. Besides, they neglect to select the appropriate mentions as Wikipedia requires. As a result, they leave out some necessary annotation and introduce excessive distracting annotation. Existing benchmarks also skirt around the coverage and selection issues. We propose a new task called Mention Detection and Se-lection for entity annotation, along with a new benchmark, WikiC, to better reflect annotation quality. The task is coined centering mentions specific to each position in high-quality human-annotated examples. We also proposed a new framework, DrWiki, to fulfill the task. We adopt a deep pre-trained span selection model inferring directly from plain text via tokens' context embedding. It can cover all possible spans and avoid limiting to mention-entity maps. In addition, information of both inarguable mention-entity pairs, and mention repeat has been introduced as token-wise representation enhancement by FLAT attention and repeat embedding respectively. Empirical results on WikiC show that, compared with often adopted and state-of-the-art Entity Linking and Entity Recognition methods, our method achieves improvement to previous methods in overall performance. Additional experiments show that DrWiki gains improvement even with a low-coverage mention-entity map.


Earlier this week, I presented as part of a panel discussion at the 2017 DLF Forum conference. I am releasing my slides and speaking notes for that presentation.


This paper describes a configured-detector imaging system based around an electron-multiplying CCD (iXon DV860 from Andor Technology) that combines fast frame-transfer readout with very high sensitivity. The detector consists of a Peltier-cooled CCD array of 128 by 128 sensors, and makes use of visible light coupling to a phosphor screen, to make it easy to operate over a wide range of photon energies, from the oxygen K edge upwards. It has been successfully used for scanning transmission x-ray microscopy (STXM) on the Twinmic end-station at the Elettra synchrotron. Such a detector system records a map of the transmitted intensity distribution for every pixel in the STXM raster. Simple real-time processing of these data yields absorption and differential phase contrast image signals, but more elaborate processing can subsequently be applied to the full 3-D dataset generated by the STXM scan.


Abstract This paper deals with the occurrence of district economies in creative clusters, through the systematization of the extensive literature on the spatial concentration of creative activities. The research contributes to a larger understanding of creative clusters according to a revised taxonomy, formerly applied to traditional industrial districts, based on the four main advantages that district economies seem to trigger: reduction of production and transaction costs, increased efficiency of factors of production and enhancement of dynamic efficiency. Addressing the extent to which the same factors can be found in creative clusters, the paper, firstly, seeks to review some of the most important contributions that deal with such externalities, in the context of creative industries. Secondly, it provides some related reflections on strengths and weaknesses and possible future research developments. The net result is an effective analytical framework that can be used to interpret this peculiar geographic agglomeration, combining the notion of district economies and the exceptional features of creative industries.


....................................................................................................................................................... 3 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................ 3 Dropbox the growth story .................................................................................................................. 3 Dropbox – INSECURE BY DESIGN? .................................................................................................. 4 Motivations for an enhanced client ......................................................................................................... 5 DBShield Conceptual overview ............................................................................................................. 6 Features ................................................................................................................................................... 6 Evaluation of available anti-malware engines ................................................................................... 6 DBShieldusage scenario ...................................................................................................................... 7 DBShield implementation ..................................................................................................................... 8 Client api review .................................................................................................................................... 8 Leveraging the dropbox rest api .......................................................................................................... 8 Implementation ...................................................................................................................................... 9 Performance evaluation .......................................................................................................................... 12 Results .................................................................................................................................................... 13 Lessons learnt ........................................................................................................................................... 13 Planned optimizations & future work .................................................................................................. 14 Conclusions ............................................................................................................................................... 14 Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................................. 14 References ................................................................................................................................................. 15


Diabetes mellitus is a public health problem of enormous and growing proportions. While type 1 diabetes remains relatively stable, the incidence of type 2 is increasing exponentially. In 1985, an estimated 30 million people world-wide suffered from the disease. By 2000, that number had doubled. It is now expected that 300 million people will have diabetes by the year 2025. These alarming statistics are reflected in the Western hemisphere. An estimated 19 million people in Latin America and the Caribbean suffer from diabetes, with an expected rise to 40 million by 2025. It is estimated that 17 million people (only 8 million of whom have been diagnosed) are living with the disease in the United States, with approximately 800 000 new cases diagnosed each year. Diabetes is increasingly found in younger populations and increasingly in women in their childbearing years. In recognition of this reality, The Diabetes in Pregnancy Study Group of North America was organized as a research group to encourage collaborative research and to translate research findings into clinical practice. Its primary mission is to initiate and discuss research in areas where little information is available or where controversy exists. In previous years, the organization focused on aspects of diabetes complications and management. A series of controversies for which extensive data are needed but not available became the focal point of its Fourth Annual Conference held in Little Rock, Arkansas in May of 2002. Internationally respected clinicians and investigators assembled in Little Rock to review new information on pregnancies complicated by pregestational and gestational diabetes mellitus. Topics on which consensus was sought included the efficacy and safety of new treatment modalities, the ideal blood glucose profile, antepartum testing, lung maturation studies, and the timing and delivery of the macrosomic infant. Clinical data, lectures, presentation of research, and reviews of existing literature on these topics provided the context through which the consensus and recommendations were drawn. Consensus Panel I examined the appropriateness and safety of the use of oral hypoglycemic agents in the treatment of gestational diabetes, addressed current challenges in arriving at 'normal' glucose concentrations during pregnancy, explored the efficacy of selfmonitoring of glucose, identified areas where more investigation is needed, and agreed on clinical strategies for dealing with the issue until more information is available.


Lung cancers that produce symptoms worrisome enough to cause the patient to seek medical advice are usually advanced and unresectable. Persons who are asymptomatic, or those who have developed nonspecific symptoms such as dyspnea or "smokers cough," or even those who have specific symptoms such as hemoptysis, but for some reason choose to ignore them, all comprise a "preclinical" group eligible for screening. It remains to be proven whether the mortality rate is lower in these "pre-clinical" subjects if they have their lung cancer detected, localized, and treated at an earlier stage. Survival is improved, but the apparent improvement may merely reflect "lead time," that is, diagnosis earlier in the course of the disease. Thus, the time between diagnosis and death may lengthen without any real lengthening of total life span. Even though survival differences are not conclusive, enough evidence is available to indicate that treatment at an early stage may reduce mortality. To see if this can be accomplished, controlled studies of early detection through screening of patients at high risk certainly seem justified.


The research work X-rayed the availability and utilization of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Equipment on the teaching and learning of students in Public Secondary Schools in Delta Central Senatorial District. In carrying this research; four (4) research questions guided the study. Survey research design was adopted for the study and the population of the study consisted of 6,405 public secondary schools' teachers. The sample of the study was made up of 600 respondents both principals and teachers randomly selected from all public secondary schools in Delta Central Senatorial District. The finding revealed that, there are inadequate ICT facilities to be used by teachers and students in teaching and learning process. The study recommends among other that school administrators and stakeholders should encourage utilization of ICT facilities in schools by providing adequate training to teachers and subsequent encouraging students as it helps them during Joint Admission and Matriculation Board Examination and other external examinations. Federal/State government should provide enough ICTs facilities in the public secondary schools in Delta Central Senatorial District to comply with the technological advanced society.


Objectives: The Austrian Health 2006 Structural Plan of 28 June 2006 requires that reference centres for cardiac surgery 'participate in result-quality registers (e.g. heart registers)'. The aim of the project was to determine the conditions under which existing hospital information systems (HIS) would be suitable for the intended heart register system.

Methods: Between November 2004 and December 2005, a survey was performed in the Austrian heart centers in order to ascertain the medical requirements, the existing technical and organizational situation, and the demands potential users would make on a comprehensive, national heart register. The possibilities of using existing hospital information systems for this purpose were evaluated on the basis of a criteria catalogue.

Results: From the medical point of view, the requirements of a heart register covering the whole of Austria, though complex, are readily definable. The reality of heterogeneous information technology (IT) landscapes, coupled with demands for interactivity (on-line queries to a central cardiac database) and benchmarking the users within a single system, combined with what must objectively be regarded as a small group of users, are the reasons why this function is not provided as standard in any HIS.

Conclusion: The level of standardization of predictive models and data records is too low in the light of the local and national demands and expectations of a heart register, so that an adequate Quality Assurance (QA) function for cardiac surgeries, which is based on statistical data, is not offered as a standard module in today's HIS. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Objective: This study aimed to examine the prevalence of myofascial dysfunction in patients with low back pain, which is the area most frequently afflicted, and to quantify the pain threshold for these evaluations using an algometer. Method: We evaluated 70 patients with a history of chronic low back pain in search of trigger points that would elicit the patient's pain. The muscles tested were the quadratus lumborum, iliopsoas, gluteus maximus, medius, minimus, and piriformis. The prevalence of myofascial dysfunction was determined by the percentage of patients with trigger points. The pain threshold was determined by the average of three assessments of pressure for each trigger point. Results: The results showed that 90% of patients had myofascial dysfunction, 76% of whom had trigger points in the quadratus lumborum, 69% in the gluteus medius, 56% in the piriformis, 40% in the gluteus minimus, 31% in the iliopsoas, and 29% in the gluteus maximus. The pressure pain threshold of the quadratus lumborum was 1.71 kg/cm2, 2.39 kg/cm2 for the gluteus medius, 2.34 kg/cm2 for the piriformis, 2.58 kg/cm2 for the gluteus minimus, 2.11 kg/cm2 for the iliopsoas and 2.19 kg/cm2 for the gluteus maximus. Conclusion: Our data demonstrate the high prevalence of this disorder and suggest that it deserves specific attention in the treatment of low back pain in patients with chronic pain.


In order to meet the global challenges of financial integration and liberalization, China's financial industry need a lot of human sources who master the operating financial skills. Universities and colleges are required to carry out financial experimental education. This paper analyzes the necessity of financial experiment teaching, the current status and explores how to carry out the financial experimental education.


We have compared the rates of CO formation on Cu and Cu oxide surfaces during the electrochemical reduction of CO2 in aqueous media. On metallic Cu surfaces, H2 formation is the main reaction at potentials less cathodic than –1.16 V(NHE). At this potential the formation of CO becomes significant, while CH4 appears at potentials more cathodic than –1.36 V(NHE). On electrodeposited Cu oxide surfaces there is a complex transient response. During reduction at constant potential ( –1.1 V(NHE) ), there is a large, transient cathodic current that corresponds to reduction of the oxide layer. After this initial oxide reduction, the current density stabilizes and the formation rates of H2 and CO show a more slowly varying transient behavior. The H2 formation rate is roughly 3x higher than on freshly cleaned Cu foil, but is largely independent of the thickness of the initial oxide layer. In contrast, the CO formation rate is at least one order of magnitude higher on the (reduced) Cu oxide samples than on Cu foil at the same potential. These results are interpreted as evidence that CO formation is enhanced at low-coordination number Cu sites present on freshly nucleated Cu clusters following oxide reduction.


Staphylococcus aureus surgical site infection (SSI) is common and devastating clinically. Pre-operative decolonization is associated with reduced incidence, but has been variably adopted due to barriers implementing high-efficacy prevention bundles, including unintentional non-compliance applying intra-nasal mupirocin by patients at home. Three Veterans Affairs (VA) facilities attempted to implement an alternate evidence-based SSI prevention program that included intranasal povidone-iodine used in the pre-operative setting to reduce challenging patient-burden steps and to overcome other mupirocin barriers. Our objective was to identify strategies used for successful implementation of intranasal povidone-iodine.

 We conducted pre- and post-implementation semi-structured interviews and site visits at three VA hospitals. Participants included surgery and clinic staff (e.g., nurses, physicians, care managers), infection control staff, and administrative leadership. Interviews were audio recorded and transcribed. Our interdisciplinary team performed a deductive and inductive consensus-based analysis.

 Implementation of this SSI prevention process was successful when nurse champions drove the implementation. Qualitative interviews indicate that nurses used a variety of strategies and messages variant on their audience. Nurse-driven facilitators included: key leadership buy-in and strategic decisions about timing and setting of implementation (i.e., start implementation in units with likely early adopters then when project is working well circle back to the early detractors). The primary implementation barrier identified was lack of a champion. One site stated that in the absence of a champion, a mandate or top-down approach may be needed for implementation at their facility.

 Nurse champions facilitated successful SSI prevention process implementation. Nurses used strategies and approaches dependent on their knowledge and understanding of the stakeholders and setting to obtain buy-in. Future implementation of new clinical practices should consider utilizing nurse champions to promote uptake.

 Marin L. Schweizer, PhD, 3M (Grant/Research Support)PDI (Grant/Research Support)


Fisheye lenses are widely used when the users want to capture the image/video with wide field of view (FoV) which is particularly suited to surveillance monitoring and vehicle camera. However, no projection from the actual scene in wide FoV image can avoid the distortion. If this problem cannot be solved, the fisheye image will difficult be used for object detection or analysis due to the distorted shapes of the scene objects. To correct this problem and obtain the natural-looking image, a two-step correction approach is proposed. Firstly, adaptive latitude and longitude correction are presented and the Hough transform is used to detect and estimate the straight-line. Secondly, the straight-line preserving and orientation, consistency based optimization is examined to obtain the final correction result. To compare the effectiveness of the proposed method, some fisheye correction methods are discussed. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can obtain the coherent natural-looking.


The localization of a two-level atom placed in an optical cavity containing a standing wave is investigated,and the single atomic-position can be well-localized by the way of quadrature-field measurement. According to the Rayleigh limit when two two-level atoms are put in the cavity,it is difficult to distinguish between the two atoms if they are very close to each other.Also,the two atoms can be still well-distinguished by quadrature-field measurement.However,if the cavity damping is taken into account, the two-atom relative position localization will be damaged.The larger damping rate of the cavity become, the worse the two-atom relative position localization will be.


We review the application of field-theoretic renormalization group (RG) methods to the study of fluctuations in reaction–diffusion problems. We first investigate the physical origin of universality in these systems, before comparing RG methods to other available analytic techniques, including exact solutions and Smoluchowski-type approximations. Starting from the microscopic reaction–diffusion master equation, we then pedagogically detail the mapping to a field theory for the single-species reaction kA → �A (� < k ). We employ this particularly simple but non-trivial system to introduce the field-theoretic RG tools, including the diagrammatic perturbation expansion, renormalization and Callan–Symanzik RG flow equation. We demonstrate how these techniques permit the calculation of universal quantities such as density decay exponents and amplitudes via perturbative � = dc − d expansions with respect to the upper critical dimension dc. With these basics established, we then provide an overview of more sophisticated applications to multiple species reactions, disorder effects, L´ evy flights, persistence problems and the influence of spatial boundaries. We also analyse field-theoretic approaches to non-equilibrium phase transitions separating active from absorbing states. We focus particularly on the generic directed percolation universality class, as well as on the most prominent exception to this class: even-offspring branching and annihilating random walks. Finally, we summarize the state of the field and present our perspective on outstanding problems for the future.


With the global trend of electrification and the fast expansion of electrical vehicle market, re-search and development of Li-ion battery as main energy storage medium has attracted extensive interest. One of the key issues that need to be resolved is thermal runaway and its propagation, where side reactions can occur when the battery is exposed to heat and other abuse conditions. Thermal runaway reactions are largely exothermic and can lead to subsequent fire and explosions when thermal runaway propagates to adjacent cells. In the current work, we focus on the effect of radiation on thermal runaway, which is especially relevant when a battery is exposed to adjacent heat and fire sources. To validate the numerical simulation, calculated radiation heat flux is compared with analytical solutions of radiation heat flux based on view factor expressions obtained in simple 2D cylinder-to-cylinder geometries. Very good agreement has justified the validity of the radiation calculation. Furthermore, radiation induced thermal runaway is evaluated between two cylindrical 18650 batteries. It has shown that depending on the temperature of the triggering cell, thermal runaway can either be triggered in the region close to the cell surface or internal domain within the cell, with different roles of the pre-runaway chemistry. Integrated radiation heat flux is calculated under a wide range of triggering temperatures, showing different limits under low and high temperature conditions. By analyzing the pre-runaway chemical heat release, it is further seen that radiation plays a dominant role under higher temperature conditions, while its significance gradually decreases under lower temperature conditions. Results from this work evaluate the role of radiation in thermal runaway propagation and provide useful insights into the thermal runaway control.


In this article the author's original system model of factors of individual commitment to a social community of a country has been introduced. The author suggests that the key factor of the given model is the social-psychological space of an individual represented by a person's image sphere and meaningful sense forming feelings. The author also introduces the concept of the level of social integration as one of the important parameters of individual commitment to the social community and describes the image-association test and mathematical toolkit of its measurement. The data of the empirical check of the hypothesis regarding interconnection of individual commitment and the social community with the level of social integration of an image sphere have been given in this work.


Rita Wong's poetry collection monkeypuzzle (1998) explores questions of gender, sexuality, race, labour, and globalization in relation to public culture. The poems address the complicated position their Chinese-Canadian female speaker occupies, moving between local, national, and global spaces to draw attention to the ways in which cultural, economic, and geographic positionings disrupt easy identifications with various communities. As both a site of aesthetic experimentation and ideological struggle, monkeypuzzle challenges the ways cultural representations of ethnicity and labour are mobilized by national and international spaces. The social theory of Himani Bannerji, Rinaldo Walcott, and Rey Chow offers insight into how Wong's text resists the exploitative logic of capitalism through recourse to a postcolonial poetics, moving towards what Diana Brydon calls a politics of accountability.


The ethanol extracts from bark of red pine, Pinus densiflora Siebold et Zuccarini, was examined for single-dose and seven-day repeated-dose toxicity with Sprague-Dawley rats. The single oral dose of the extracts at 5000 ㎎/㎏ did not produce mortality or abnormal gross appearance of the internal organs of rats. In seven-day repeated-dose toxicity study, the extracts administered at doses of 100, 1000, or 5000 ㎎/㎏ for 7 days. There were no significant changes of body weights and organ weights during the experimental period. Hematological analysis and clinical blood chemistry have no revealed toxicity effect of the ethanol extracts from bark of Pinus densiflora. Pathologically, neither gross abnormalities nor histopathological changes observed between controls and treated rats both sexes. Collectively, these data suggest that the ethanol extracts from bark of Pinus densiflora have a high margin of safety.


This chapter describes perioperative cardiac arrhythmias. These comprise narrow complex arrhythmias, broad complex arrhythmias, and heart block. The chapter describes the perioperative management of pre-existing arrhythmias (such as atrial fibrillation), including the patient with an implanted pacemaker or defibrillator. It also describes the management of arrhythmias which may arise during the course of anaesthesia.


Master's Dissertation Professional Master's degree in National network Mathematics (Profmat) Santa Maria Federal University LINEAR DIOPHANTINE EQUATIONS: TEACHING POSSIBILITIES THROUGH PROBLEM SOLVING AUTHOR: ADILSON DE CAMPOS ADVISOR: PEDRO FUSIEGER CO ADVISOR: LIANE TERESINHA WENDLING ROOS Place and Date of presentation: Santa Maria, March 13, 2015. This work presents an educational experiment carried out in a 9th grade class of elementary school, in order to assess the didactic and pedagogical possibilities involving the Linear Diophantine Equations theme, with the contextual support of Problem Solving. This application intends to expand the students' conceptions in arithmetic and algebra courses, also providing a concrete possibility of applicability of the greatest common divisor of two integers, a very neglected theme throughout the elementary school. In a level of elementary school, one of the main vehicles that allows you to work the initiative, creativity and exploring spirit is through Problem Solving. A Mathematics Teacher has a great opportunity to challenge the curiosity of the students by presenting them problems that are compatible with their knowledge and guiding them through incentive questions and this teacher can also try to input on them a taste for discovery and independent thinking. Thus, a very reasonable way is to prepare the student to deal with new situations, whatever they may be. The paper is organized in three chapters. In the first chapter entitled "Problem Solving in mathematics teaching" a theoretical foundation on the Teaching of Problem Solving is searched based on the Hungarian-American author George Polya and Luiz Roberto Dante and, it also presents some aspects from the learning theory proposed by Vygotsky. In the second chapter entitled "arithmetic concepts" the themes treated are: Greatest Common Divisor (gcd), Euclidean algorithm, Bèzout theorem and Linear Diophantine Equations. In the third and final chapter entitled "pedagogical experimentation" as mentioned above, the experimentation in a class of ninth grade of an elementary school. This experiment is based on the Didactic Engineering methodology, comprising the following stages: theme and scope of action; previous analyzes associated with the dimensions: epistemological, didactic and cognitive; prior analysis; experimentation; aftermost analysis and validation of Didactic Engineering.


Humanity have always felt the need to alter the environment they inhabit. In our modern era, this desire continues to exhibit itself in more urban landscapes. As a microcosm of the cityscape, university campuses contribute many cultural and economic advantages to the urban population. Moreover they bring under control to the urban growth and generally provides open and green spaces to the city. In this paper, Düzce University Konuralp Campus, located north of the Düzce City, was considered as our study area. Here we describe the Konuralp campus design which was developed in "Duzce University Konuralp Campus Development Plan Urban Design Competition". The method of the study consist of three steps. Some analyses like location, topography (ecological wind corridors and the meeting point of the valleys), spatial zoning, design axes and circulation were performed at the first step. In the second step it has been tried to specify how to apply the steps for designing kind of these campus projects. The concept of the design was created and constructed for the project. In the last step the design was visualized with 3D aplications and presented here. The aim of the study is how to design a campus which is sustainable and accessible. Consequently, the campus design was realized which had some design principles based on pedestrian priority. Educational buildings were separated from social buildings, sports center and cultural centers by using a-pedestrian walkways. In the middle of the working area campus square was designed which contains some land uses such as ceremony area, student center, amphitheatre and library. Finally a sustainable and accessible campus design was developed for Duzce University.


Detection and sizing of a closed crack in structures are difficult by conventional ultrasonic testing. One of promising alternative methods is nonlinear ultrasonic testing which detects subharmonic responses from a closed crack. This study investigates generation of subharmonics at contact surfaces of two specimens, modeling a closed crack, under ultrasonic radiation. Experiments of ultrasonic inspection were carried out by preparing different kinds of surface roughness of the specimens and also by changing compression force acting on the two contacting specimens. Our experimental results show some subharmonic responses from the contact surfaces, which can be influenced by the contact pressure and the contact surface roughness.


We develop and estimate a dynamic heterogeneous agent model for the EMS period. Our empirical results suggest that the existence of heterogeneous interacting agents is indeed a possible explanation for the dynamics of exchange rates during the EMS; we find strong evidence in favor of our model using in- and out-of-sample tests. Moreover, we show that the heterogeneous agent model outperforms the random walk in out-of-sample forecasting in all country/period combinations. Finally, we study the dynamic limit properties of the estimated non-linear system.


Morphine, first characterized in opium from the poppy Papaver somniferum, is one of the strongest known analgesics. Endogenous morphine has been identified in several mammalian cells and tissues. The synthetic pathway of morphine in the opium poppy has been elucidated, and the presence of common intermediates in plants and mammals suggests that biosynthesis occurs through similar pathways (beginning with the amino acid Ltyrosine), and the pathway has been completely delineated in plants. Some of the enzymes in the mammalian pathway have been identified and characterized. Two of the latter steps in the morphine biosynthesis pathway are demethylation of thebaine at the O3and the O6-positions, the latter of which has been difficult to demonstrate. The plant enzymes responsible for both the O3and the O6-demethylation are members of the FeII/αketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase family. Previous studies showed that human cytochrome P450 (P450) 2D6 can catalyze thebaine O3demethylation. We report that demethylation of thebaine at the O6-position is selectively catalyzed by human P450s 3A4 and 3A5, with the latter being more efficient, and rat P450 3A2. Our results do not support O6-demethylation of thebaine by an FeII/αketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase. In rat brain microsomes, O6-demethylation was inhibited by ketoconazole, but not sulfaphenazole, suggesting that P450 3A enzymes are responsible for this activity in the brain. An alternate pathway to morphine, oripavine O6-demethylation, was not detected. The major enzymatic steps in mammalian morphine synthesis have now been identified. Morphine is the principal benzylisoquinoline alkaloid produced in the opium poppy, Papaver somniferum. Its mechanism of action is as an agonist for the μ-opioid receptors that are distributed throughout the brain. Activation of these receptors is associated with analgesia, sedation, euphoria, physical dependence, and respiratory depression. The μ-binding sites are discretely distributed in the human brain, with high densities in the posterior amygdala, hypothalamus, thalamus, nucleus caudatus, putamen, and certain cortical areas (1). A considerable body of evidence exists that morphine is present in the tissues of various animals that have not been medicated with morphine or other related opioids. In mammals, morphine has been detected in skin, lung, spinal cord, and, most notably, in the brain (2-4). The presence of morphine in brain is of particular interest due to the presence of the μ-opioid receptors. In the rat, morphine levels in structures of the brain have been quantified and range from 26 fmol/g tissue (found globally in the brain) to 7.2 pmol/g tissue measured in the hypothalamus (3,5-7). One study quantified morphine in the temporal lobe from one human brain tissue at 3.4 ng/g tissue (8). The presence of morphine in brain tissue in many mammals and the P450 3A and morphine synthesis 2 evidence from a human sample suggest that endogenous morphine is present in human brain. Endogenous formation of morphine has been demonstrated in human cells in culture. In a seminal study, human neuroblastoma cells incubated in the presence of O2 produced [18O]labeled morphine (9). Another report demonstrated morphine synthesis by human white blood cells and polymorphonuclear cells in a precursor-dependent manner (10,11). Taken together, these studies suggest that morphine biosynthesis can occur in the human brain. Humans have also been reported to excrete both codeine and morphine in urine, in the absence of treatment with these compounds (12). The physiological role of endogenous morphine is currently unknown. The endogenous levels that have been quantified are below the plasma concentrations (μM range) achieved during therapeutic use (13). Many hypotheses have been presented regarding the purpose of endogenous morphine that suggest a role in infection, sepsis, or inflammation, as well as neurological pathologies (Parkinson's disease and schizophrenia) (14-17). Mammalian morphine biosynthesis appears to be highly similar to the pathway in the opium poppy, with at least some common intermediates (18-20). The multi-step biosynthetic pathway begins with the amino acid L-tyrosine, and the final steps in this pathway include the conversion of thebaine to morphine via two critical demethylation steps at the O3and O6positions. Two parallel pathways exist for conversion of thebaine to morphine, in which O3and O6demethylation reactions occur, potentially in either order (Fig. 1) (21). Both of these pathways are plausible, in that thebaine, codeine, and oripavine are present in both mammals as well as the opium poppy (5,22-24). Although the intermediates are known and there is evidence that some of the reactions occur in mammals (9,25,26), the enzymes that catalyze these demethylation steps have only recently been identified. The enzymes that catalyze the O3and O6-demethylation steps in the plant pathway are members of the FeII/α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase enzyme family (27). Specifically, in plants thebaine O6-demethylase catalyzes O6demethylation of both thebaine and oripavine; codeine O-demethylase catalyzes O3demethylation of both thebaine and codeine (Fig. 1). Independent of plant studies, the discovery that O3-demethylation of thebaine and codeine can be catalyzed by the human enzyme cytochrome P450 (P450) 2D6 (28) has focused our search for the O6demethylase to P450s, but this enzyme(s) has remained unknown, and the FeII/α-ketoglutarate dioxygenases can be considered. Both the P450 and FeII/α-ketoglutaratedependent dioxygenase families are known to catalyze diverse sets of reactions and are candidates for mediating the O6-demethylation of thebaine and oripavine. The P450 superfamily catalyzes the oxidation of most organic substances, generally using NADPH as an electron donor (29). The general reaction catalyzed by P450s is mixedfunction oxidation, manifestations of which include carbon hydroxylation, dealkylation of heteroatomic substrates, heteroatom oxygenation, and the oxidation of unsaturated compounds to epoxides and phenols (30). FeII/α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases constitute a large family of soluble, non-heme iron-containing oxidases that couple the decarboxylation of α-ketoglutarate to activation of dioxygen to catalyze a variety of oxidation reactions. This family of enzymes most frequently catalyzes carbon hydroxylation, but other formal two-electron oxidations such as desaturation, cyclization, and halogenation are also known (31,32). Except for the two dioxygenases involved in the plant morphine biosynthesis (27,33), Odemethylation by the FeII/α-ketoglutaratedependent dioxygenases has not been previously reported, to our knowledge. The present study was designed to identify the enzyme(s) responsible for O6-demethylation of thebaine in mammals, humans in particular. Previous attempts to characterize the enzymes that catalyze O6-demethylation of thebaine and oripavine have been unsuccessful, in large part due to instability of codeinone and morphinone in aqueous solution (34,35). In the present work we devised and validated a coupled enzyme assay to circumvent this issue. We established that human P450s 3A4 and P450 3A5 and rat P450 3A2 catalyze O6-demethylation of thebaine. Using rat brain microsomes, we also provide evidence that P450 3A enzymes are also responsible for thebaine O6-demethylation in mammalian brain tissue. RESULTS Assays for O6-Demethylation—The O6demethylation products morphinone (from P450 3A and morphine synthesis 3 oripavine) and neopinone/codeinone (from thebaine) are Michael acceptors and are inherently unstable, and preliminary attempts to demonstrate their formation in liver homogenates, microsomes, or purified P450s using LC-UV assays were unsuccessful. We also tried LC-MS assays, including ones in which we added NaBH4 or NaBD4 to trap the products, without success, probably because the approach only stabilized the product in solution at the completion of the incubation. The use of coupled assays is well established in biochemistry. A bacterial morphinone reductase has been extensively studied as a model flavoprotein (34,37,50) and is known to rapidly reduce both morphinone and codeinone. The products, hydromorphone and hydrocodone, are stable and can easily be assayed (e.g. positiveion ESI LC-MS). In preliminary assays, the concentration of morphinone reductase we established (0.5 μM) was found to be saturating in detecting product formation (vide infra) (Fig. 2B). P450-Dependent O6-Demethylation of Thebaine—Incubations of thebaine and human liver microsomes in the presence of an NADPHregenerating system and the morphinone reductaseNADH trapping system resulted in the formation of three products that were not seen in control reactions with heat-inactivated enzymes. These metabolites were subjected to MS after separation by UPLC. Comparison of two of the compounds with standards of alkaloids that were expected to be formed allowed the identification of the unknown compounds as oripavine (via O3-demethylation, Fig 1) (21) and hydrocodone (via O6-demethylation followed by morphinone reductase-catalyzed reduction, Figs. 1 and 2) (37) (Fig 3). The third compound had an m/z of 298, suggesting the loss of a methyl group; however, the retention did not match that of any standards and was further investigated using [N-CH3]-thebaine (vide infra). The identification of oripavine as a P450-dependent product is consistent with the previous findings that incubation of P450 2D6 with thebaine resulted in oripivane formation (51). Hydrocodone was also identified in samples that contained human liver homogenates, thebaine, α-ketoglutarate, ascorbate, and 100 μM FeII but not in a similar samples that contained only 20 μM FeII. The amounts of hydrocodone formed are compared in Fig. 4. Iron-Dependent O6-Demethylation of Thebaine—To further understand the iron concentration dependence of the -ketoglutar


The chemical components of essential oil from the flowers of Edgeworthia chrysantha Lindl.were analyzed by GC-MS in this paper.Methods:The volatile components was extracted by diethyl e- ther,then isolated by steam distillation method.Their chemical compositions and relative contents were analyzed by GC-MS with HP-55% phenyl methyl siloxane capillary column(30m×0.25 mm×0.25μm).The carry- ing gas was helium,the flow rate was 1 mL·min~(-1) and the temperature was in rate of 8℃·min~(-1) from 30℃ (hold 5 min) to 120℃,then in rate of 20℃·min~(-1) from 120℃ to 240℃ (kept 10 min).Results:Sixty- one volatile compounds of Flos Edgeworthlae were identified,which comprised 60.14% of volatile fraction.One nitrogenous configurations;decane,1,1′-oxybis-;7-pentadecene 7-bromomethyl-and tert-hexadecanethi- ol were especial components.Conclusion:The method is reliable,stabilize and reproducible,therefore this meth- od can be applied to the analysis of the essential oil components,which was extracted from Flos Edgeworthlae components.


The procedure of Heukeshoven and Dernick for silver staining of proteins in polyacrylamide gels is simplified by applying Farmer's redücer before impregnation with silver nitrate and rinsing the gel in 2.5 % sodium carbonate instead of distilled water. This modification yields pattern of good contrast without a destaining‐restaining step.


Development of society in harmony is based on credibility.The reason why we emphasis the importance of the credibility is that the undergraduates are hope of our country.But lack of credibility is common in undergraduates during the credibility education proceeding.The author's opinion is to form undergraduates' credible characters,constructing an operation system for credibility education and creating an observation system to undergraduate is helpful to increase actual efficiency of credibility education to undergraduates.


A friction material prescription with the function of reducing peristalsis noise is characterized by comprising the following components by weight: 26% of mineral fiber, 7% of phenolic resin, 5% of artificial graphite, 4% of coke particle, 5% of antimony sulfide, 8% of iron oxide red, 10% of gypsum whisker, 2% of aramid fiber, 11% of red copper fiber, 20% of barium sulfate, and 2% of nitrile butadiene rubber powder. The friction material has a good technical benefit of reducing the peristalsis noise.


Summary In this paper we formulate a model of the dissociative mechanism for solid-state diffusion, which we analyse using asymptotic and numerical methods. The substitutional impurity is fixed to be singly negatively charged, while the interstitial impurity can have any charge and the vacancies any non-negative charge. The one-dimensional in-diffusion problem is considered and the impurity diffusion is shown to be very sensitive to the charge states of the interstitial impurities and vacancy defects. Some of the results are of broader interest with regard to the properties of systems of nonlinear diffusion equations, notably in terms of phenomena relating to a finite speed of propagation.


PURPOSE: A lithographic system and a method for controlling a lithographic projection apparatus are provided to improve focus across the entire exposure area. CONSTITUTION: A lithographic projection apparatus comprises: a radiation system(LA, IL(EX, IN, CO)) for supplying a projection beam(PB) of radiation; the first object table(mask table,MT) for holding a mask(MA), and connected to first positioning means for accurately positioning the mask with respect to item(PL); the second object table(WTa) for holding a substrate(W), and connected to second positioning means for accurately positioning the substrate with respect to item(PL); the third object table WTb for holding a substrate(W) and connected to third positioning means for accurately positioning the substrate with respect to item(PL); a measurement system(MS) for performing measurement (characterization) processes on a substrate held on a substrate table WTa or WTb at a measurement station; a projection system("lens") PL for imaging an irradiated portion of the mask MA onto an exposure area(C) of a substrate(W) held in a substrate table WTa or WTb at an exposure station.


Method 8 rats were fed choline supplied (CS) diet, 32 rats were fed choline deficient (CD) diet for 3 weeks to develope NASH, then divided 4 groups randomly. They were lavaged with seal oil (0.5g/kg ·d, 1.6 g/kg ·d, 4.8g/kg ·d) and olive oil (2ml/d) for 8 weeks respectively. Serum biochemistry marker were determined by automatic biochemistry analyzer. RT-PCR was performed to measure gene expression of adiponectin and adipoR2 normalized against the housekeeping genesβ-actin. Result Compared with CS diet group, olive oil treatment group (control group, group2) have markedly liver fat degeneration and inflammatory cell infiltration. Compared with group 2, medium and high dose seal oil (group 4 and 5) induced a significant decrease of serum ALT, AST, ALP; Serum cholesterol (CH) and triglyceride (TG) also decreased, but have no statistically significance. Serum ALT, AST, ALP, CH and TG have no markedly change in low dose seal oil treatment group (group 3). Rats of group 4 and 5 have significantly decreased incidence and extent of necrosis, decreased fibrous degeneration and inflammatory cell infiltration. According to the inflammatory and fibrosis grade, the score of group 4 and 5 decreased significantly, score of group 3 also decreased, without statistically significance. Compared with the control group, increased expression of adiponectin and AdipoR2 were significantly detected in three seal oil group. With the dose of seal oil increased, the expression of adiponectin and AdipoR2 also increased. Significance between the three groups were also exist. Conclusion The hepatoprotection in this animal models suggest seal oil may be useful in the NASH treatment. Seal oil may enhanced the expression of adiponectin and AdipoR2 gene.


A 10.5-year-old girl presented with abnormal movements and behavioural problems for three months. initially she had lip-twitching and eye-blinking during wakefulness. After six weeks, she started having shoulder-shrugs, neck-turning, throat-clearing at a frequency of 10-20/hour, exacerbated by stress. In addition, she exhibited temper-tantrums, unprovoked crying and scholastic deterioration.


For powering an implantable medical device, such as pacemakers and defibrillators, to provide a device and a system generating energy. In some preferred embodiments, the present invention includes a generator component that provides a continuous automatic charging. In some embodiments, the present invention, such as hemodynamic forces or heartbeat of blood flow, physical patient device is implanted, chemical or power generation fed by physiological activity to provide a system. Generator, various methods for example, can produce a power by electromagnetic induction or piezoelectric effect. In another embodiment, the present invention includes a battery that is recharged light source, the electromagnetic radiation source external source such as an electrical source or the magnetic source.


With the aid of firedamp safety test. this article shown the influence of increasing degree of mortar borehole on inflaming rate or firedamp by coal permitted explosives in gallary test and found its chang regulation.


s: To improve the hazard map of the inland water in the urban area, a few flooding images were given based on simulation data by NILIM2.0. Four conditions of the torrential rain had been simulated to Jakuzure district in Setagaya ward. For reliability improvement of inland water hazard map, the state of drainage function at the time of a flood has to be visualized , to offer a flood dynam ic image. And administrative agency has to keep renewing the data base according to the progress on urban development. For the education of disaster prevention, the electronic media such as 3D images of flood simulations should be introduced (cid:637)


This paper is considered as a part of a multi-disciplinary analysis "Application of Decentralized On-Site Water Treatment System in Egypt for Use in Agriculture and Producing Safe Animal Proteins". The project aimed to investigate the environmental impact of implementing sewage water before and after treatment using the effluent of the on-site decentralized Japanese' Johkasou system. Blood chemistry of liver and kidney enzymes revealed significant increase in the fourth week in comparison with groups of treated and tap water. On the other hand, ALT and AST levels have no statistical differences between treated and tap water reared animals. The progressive pathological lesions were noted in 100% and 70% untreated water groups.The benefit of Johkasou system model CE10 in treatment of sewage water and suitability for rearing of animals is demonstrated.


BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and B‐type natriuretic peptide (BNP) decrease vascular volume and pressure by activating guanylyl cyclase‐A (GC‐A). C‐type natriuretic peptide (CNP) activation of guanylyl cyclase‐B (GC‐B) stimulates long bone growth. This study investigated the effects of the indolocarbazole, Gö6976, on the guanylyl cyclase activity of GC‐A and GC‐B as a first step towards developing small molecule regulators of these enzymes.


David Mabb's three installations at Focal Point Gallery are all inspired by William Morris, mashing up the old with the new.

First one, called Announcer, consists of 30 paintings with pages from the Kelmscott Chaucer, a collection of works by Geoffrey Chaucer, which was designed by William Morris. Over these, Mabb painted images of El Lissitzky's illustrations to Vladimir Mayakovsky. Mabb says it's all about the contrast of different visions, one looking backwards (Middle Ages inspired Morris) and one looking forward (Russian Constructivism).

In the second work, Rhythms 69, Mabb used 69 pages from Morris' book of wallpapers. He paints over them, with elements from a modernist film by Hans Richter, picking out or leaving parts of the designs.

Finally, in the Window Gallery, three simple modernist shapes have been constructed from Morris' honeysuckle design – a square, a circle and a cross.

Mabb says one the reasons he's interested in William Morris's visionary wallpaper design is because of his political engagement – he was a strong revolutionary socialist who was looking into the past for inspiration.


This paper investigates privatization policy in mixed oligopoly when partial privatization changes a technological difference between semi‐public and private firms. It shows that when the degree of privatization is partial, privatization is insufficient. Furthermore, privatization is more likely to be insufficient as the market becomes more competitive. If the cost efficiency gain is captured by decreasing the degree of privatization, privatization is insufficient regardless of whether entry by private firms is restricted or free.


Abstract The study presents the synthesis of TiO2/SiO2 membrane materials using sol–gel method by hydrolysis of tetrabutyl titanate (TBOT) with ethanol and water mixture as titania source, tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) and methyltriethoxysilane (MTES) as silica source. The microstructure of the composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectrum (EDS), N2 absorption–adsorption measurement and thermogravimetric-differential thermogravimetric (TG-DTG) analysis. The as obtained TiO2/SiO2 membrane materials showed the existence of Si–O–Ti, which indicates that the SiO2 is chemically bonded with the TiO2 particles. The TiO2 nanoparticles have entered into the channels of SiO2 network. The TiO2-doping decreased the mean pore diameter, and increased the surface area and porosity of SiO2 materials. The TiO2/SiO2 membrane materials with Ti/Si molar ratio of 0.4 exhibit a large BET surface area (up to 284.04 m2/g) and total pore volume (up to 0.272 cm3/g), as well as a mean pore diameter of about 2.49 nm.


The present invention belongs to the technical field of nickel-iron alloy is martensitic precipitation hardening, particularly relates to a low-carbon martensite having high strength and toughness, and high aging resistance to corrosion of stainless steel, which is mainly used in aerospace, mechanical the new material is important in the field of manufacturing, atomic energy and so on. Composition range of the steel (% by weight) is a, C: 0.08 ~ 0.15%; Cr: 11.0 ~ 12.0%; Ni: 4.0 ~ 5.0%; Ti: 0.2 ~ 1.0%; Mo: 0.5 ~ 1.0%; Cu: 2.0 ~ 3.0 %; Co: 2.0 ~ 3.0%; Nb: 0.1 ~ 0.5%; Mn: 0.5 ~ 1.5%; Si: 0.5 ~ 1.5%; N <0.01%; V <0.01%; Al <0.01%; Fe: balance. By the present invention, five kinds of precipitation strengthening Ni, Ti, Mo, Cu, Nb, etc. with an appropriate phase between the elements, a high strength, toughness and corrosion resistance.


Toward Critical Patriotism: Student Resistance to Political Education in Hong Kong and China, by Gregory P. Fairbrother. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press, 2003. χ + 218 pp. HK$295/US$39.50 (hardcover), HK$165/US$21.95 (paperback). Gregory Fairbrother aims in this book to explain why some of the university students in Hong Kong and China exhibit attitudes to patriotism and nationalism other than those their governments would wish them to have, despite ongoing efforts to inculcate government views through the education system. Why are some Hong Kong students more patriotic and nationalistic, and some PRC students less, than their experiences in the school system would warrant? Fairbrother takes a complex route through the variegated components upon which he intends to build his argument. He first introduces the idea of regime legitimation through education in Hong Kong and China, and outlines the theoretical groundings of his research-primarily Antonio Gramsci's theory of hegemony and Henry Giroux's associated concept of resistance to hegemony. The core of the book covers the nature and aims of an education which is relatively depoliticized in Hong Kong and politicized in the PRC. It explores the 'national attitudes' held by students, the students' opinions about their own political socialization, and finally how what he terms the 'critical thinking factors' of scepticism, curiosity and an openness to multiple perspectives "emerged from students' perceptions and evaluations of the political socialization process" (p. 185). As evidence, in Chapters 5-7 Fairbrother draws extensively upon information from his interviews with twenty Hong Kong and Mainland Chinese university students and data from a survey completed by 535 students at fourteen universities, asking all of them about their present attitudes and the attitudes they had held while at secondary school. In Chapter 7 he presents case studies of six students as illustrations of the presence or absence of critical thinking. Using 'multiple regression models' that are based on his survey data, Fairbrother concludes that critical thinking factors are as important as or more important than socialization factors in accounting for students' attitudes towards the nation. In particular, curiosity plays a significant role in strengthening Hong Kong students' patriotism and nationalism, and scepticism is at work in weakening such attitudes on the mainland. For Fairbrother, the presence of scepticism, curiosity and also an openness to multiple perspectives are manifestations of resistance as defined by Giroux. Readers may be perplexed by this conclusion that critical thinking is a more powerful explanation of students' national attitudes than socialization factors (p. 186). This appears contradictory to earlier observations that 1) almost a quarter of the university students in the PRC believe secondary schooling was a significant positive influence on their national attitudes, and that 2) in the end most students in Hong Kong and China subscribed to the views of the state transmitted through the school system. …


As extra-territorial voting is typically based on postal voting, legal problems are to be expected in this context. Due to the nature of postal voting abroad simple issues of postal transit - e.g. postal delays and the opening of postal votes by foreign authorities -- cause legal problems and imponderabilities that influence the results of national elections as well as they affect the constitutional principle of the generality of voting. Against this backdrop the following article aims to point out crucial legal aspects of cross-border delivery of voting documents in contrast to electronic voting.


Water hyacinth is a major threat for water bodies and at the same time it could be a excellent for organic soil resources if suitable composting technique can be adopted. Novcom composting method was tried out for effective biodegradation of water hyacinth in Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Howrah, West Bengal during January to February, 2014 and the results showed a good quality mature compost can be obtained within 21 days. The analytical results showed qualitative aspects of Novcom compost in terms of total NPK content (4.18 %), total microbial count (in the order of 1014 to 1016 c.f.u.) and germination index (> 1.0 which it confirmed that the compost enhanced rather than impaired germination and radical growth) as also substantiated by the high compost quality index. Absence of any infrastructural requirement for composting, speedy biodegradation period (21 days), high end product quality indicated the potential of Novcom Composting Method towards large scale adoption among farmer's level


Intercell interference has been known as a crucial issue in heterogeneous networks where different transmitter-receiver pairs compete for system resources. We solve this problem in two steps. We firstly assign the macrocell user with the optimum number of subchannels, which just guarantee the required quality of service. Then, the remaining subchannels are left to be shared by a large number of small cells using mean field game theory, which is proved to be more tractable than conventional game theory. Using recent advances of mean field approximation techniques, we convert the entangled traditional game of small cells system into a mean-field game where resources allocation is much easier and simpler. With different network topologies, simulation results show the effectiveness of our proposed scheme.


Objective To investigate the prognostic factors of lower respiratory tract infection(LRTI) among hospitalized patients.Methods A total of 178 hospitalized patients with LRTI were retrospectively reviewed and divided in two groups according to the outcomes of the disease,namely the improved group(152 cases) and the death group(26 cases).Demographic data,co-morbidities,and baseline clinical and laboratory data on admission were compared between the two groups using variance analysis(quantitative variable) or chi-square test(qualitative variable).Furthermore,multivariable logistic regression was used to identify independent risk factors.Results Univariate analysis revealed that indicators significantly different between the improved group and the death group included:history of LRTI episode within one year,history of invasive ventilator use within one year,family history of asthma,increase of peripheral white blood cell,decrease of hemoglobin,increase of aterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide(PaCO2),decrease of arterial pH,decreases of serum concentrations of Na+,Cl-,aspartate aminotransferase(AST),total protein,albumin,blood urea nitrogen(Bun),creatinine(Cr),positive sputum culture and positive occult blood in stools(P0.05).Multivariable logistic regression revealed statistical significance for factors including history of LRTI episode within one year,history of invasive ventilator use within one year,family history of asthma,decrease of arterial pH,and positive occult blood in stools(P0.05);also in the multivariable analysis,hypoalbuminemia showed a statistical cut-off value(P=0.057).Conclusion History of LRTI episode within one year,history of invasive ventilator use within one year,family history of asthma,decrease of arterial pH,and positive occult blood in stools are among the independent risk factors of LRTI death.Hypoalbuminemia may influence the prognosis of the patients.Active treatment should be delivered to improve the prognosis of LRTI patients with high risk factors.


situ hybridization technique (7, 8), and by detection of LOH3 (9†" 1 1). The deletion of lp often involves a large proportion of the distal region of the short arm, but some tumors and cell lines display smaller deletions, involving only region 1p36.i†" 2(9, 10, 12†" 15). This region, therefore, is a candidate position for one or several NBS gene(s). Further support for a NBS gene in lp36 is given by two cases in which patients with neuroblastoma carried constitutional aberrations in the lp36 region (16, 17). Furthermore, in a recent series of articles (13†" 15,18), several groups presented data suggesting two or more neuroblastoma tumor suppressor genes in the lp region. We report that in our patient material, molecular data for lp deletions, microsatellite instability, and N-myc amplification correlate with clinical features such as age and stage at presentation and outcome. Furthermore, a subgroup of neuroblastomas was found to carry very distal lp deletions. The ip break points in these tumors were fine mapped using the PCR-based markers, and a proximal and distal border for a NBS gene could be determined subsequently. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patient Material, DNA Extraction, and Southern Analysis Tumor spec imens and corresponding normal tissues (fibroblast biopsy or blood sample) were obtained from S1 children, 46 with neuroblastoma of all different stages and S with ganglioneuroma (Table 1). The clinical material is part of an ongoing, population-based Swedish neuroblastoma study. Thus, some of the patients have been described earlier, and the numbering is in accordance with that of the earlier report (19). The children were diagnosed, staged, and evaluated for clinical outcome according to the International Neuroblastoma Staging System criteria (20, 21). The 25 children currently surviving have been followed for 3†" 92months (median, 32 months), and the remaining 21 died after 0†" 96 months (median, 10months; Table 1).Genomic DNA was extracted from blood, fibroblasts, and fresh frozen (†" 70°C) tissue samples using stand ard procedures. Tumor cell content of the samples was assessed histologically in tumor tissue adjacent to that used for DNA extraction. DNA was also extracted from blood samples from parents of eight patients shown to carry tumor-specific deletions in the lp region. The N-myc gene copy number was analyzed using a Southern blot as reported previously (19). N-myc amplifica tion was scored when the gene copy number per haploid genome was 3 or more. …


It has been almost fifteen years since the United States began dealing with the large numbers of refugees leaving war ravaged Vietnam, Cambodia and Laos due to the rise of the Khmer Rouge led by Pol Pot. Many of the refugees sought "first asylum" in Thailand because of its close proximity to Vietnam and because many of them only desired a place for temporary refuge until adverse powers were driven out. The United States had an open and compassionate policy of admitting refugees.• Today, refugees leave these countries to escape reeducation programs implemented by the Soviet Union, to avoid guerilla attacks, and to find safer lands on which to live. 6


The present invention comprises a dispensing opening (95) and at least two cartridges (10), mixable materials, particularly mixed medical cement, a cartridge system for applying, the cartridge includes a cartridge head an internal space (11) region defined by (20), at least one cartridge opening for each discharge the cartridge contents (30) is provided in the internal space of each of said cartridge, from the cartridge apparatus for regulating the flow of starting component (40) is arranged in the cartridge head, the apparatus comprising at least two transport for transporting outflow opening (65) and said starting components in the outflow opening comprising a tool (50), each of the transport device, mosquitoes comprise at least one cartridge opening Has a connection to the interior space of cartridge, the carrying device is disposed in the apparatus so as to be rotatable, the volume flow rate of the starting components, the determined by the angular velocity of the vehicles, the particular mixture of the starting components ratio, wherein such outflow is or can be defined is defined as can be produced in the opening, the carrying device in a format appropriate to the angular velocity ratio of the vehicles relative to one another are connected to one another, wherein the carrying device At least one, but wherein the may be driven by at least one flow of the starting components from the cartridge opening, to the cartridge system. .FIELD 1


The syntheses and structures of three mixed-ligand metal― organic frameworks (MOFs), {[M 2 (btec)(bpym)(H 2 O) 4 ]• 4H 2 O} n [M = Cu (1), Ni (2)] and [Zn 4 (btec) 2 (bpym)(H 2 O) 6 ] n (3) (btec = benzene-1,2,4,5-tetracarboxylate, bpym = 5,5'-bi-pyrimidine) are described. MOFs 1 and 2 feature 3D grid-type frameworks with a cds-type topology, which are comprised of two mutually intersecting M(btec)-based and M(bpym)-based 4 4 -sql layers. MOF 3 consists of an anionic 3D (4,4)-connected pts network that is intersected by cationic hydrogen-bonded 4 4 -sql layers, [(H 2 O) 3 Zn(μ-anti-η 2 -bpym)-Zn(H 2 O) 3 ] 4+ , thereby giving rise to a 3D network. The structural diversities between the two types of MOF architectures can be attributed to the coordination geometry preference of the metal ions (square planar for Cu II and Ni II and tetrahedral for Zn II ). In addition, temperature-controlled X-ray powder diffraction studies reveal that MOF 1 possesses reversible desorption/sorption properties upon the removal/uptake of water molecules. The magnetic behavior of 1 was investigated in the 2―300 K range. The data indicate the presence of weak antiferromagnetic interactions between the two Cu II metal centers that are bridged by a pyrimidine ring.


In this paper, a dynamic closure modeling approach has been derived to stabilize the projection-based reduced order models in the long-term evolution of forced-dissipative dynamical systems. To simplify our derivation without losing generalizability, the proposed reduced order modeling (ROM) framework is first constructed by Galerkin projection of the single-layer quasigeostrophic equation, a standard prototype of large-scale general circulation models, onto a set of dominant proper orthogonal decomposition modes. We then propose an eddy viscosity closure approach to stabilize the resulting surrogate model considering the analogy between large eddy simulation (LES) and truncated modal projection. Our efforts, in particular, include the translation of the dynamic subgrid-scale model into our ROM setting by defining a test truncation similar to the test filtering in LES. The a posteriori analysis shows that our approach is remarkably accurate, allowing us to integrate simulations over long time intervals at a nominally small computational overhead.In this paper, a dynamic closure modeling approach has been derived to stabilize the projection-based reduced order models in the long-term evolution of forced-dissipative dynamical systems. To simplify our derivation without losing generalizability, the proposed reduced order modeling (ROM) framework is first constructed by Galerkin projection of the single-layer quasigeostrophic equation, a standard prototype of large-scale general circulation models, onto a set of dominant proper orthogonal decomposition modes. We then propose an eddy viscosity closure approach to stabilize the resulting surrogate model considering the analogy between large eddy simulation (LES) and truncated modal projection. Our efforts, in particular, include the translation of the dynamic subgrid-scale model into our ROM setting by defining a test truncation similar to the test filtering in LES. The a posteriori analysis shows that our approach is remarkably accurate, allowing us to integrate simulations over long time intervals at...


The peculiarities of microcirculation and vasomotor function of the endothelium and their relationship with resistance to hypoxia in the elderly with impaired glucose tolerance were studied. It has been shown that in the elderly with impaired glucose tolerance, skin microcirculation and vasomotor function of the endothelium are reduced when breathing air. An inverse correlation has been established between disorders of carbohydrate metabolism, the state of skin microcirculation and vasomotor function of the endothelium. The connection between the shift of blood saturation under hypoxic load and indicators of microcirculation and vasomotor function of the endothelium in the elderly with both impaired and preserved glucose tolerance. But in the elderly with impaired glucose tolerance, the strength of these connections is greater.


In the tradition of lexicography Nighantu is the earliest linguistic evidence. Yaska has made an analysis of this text in his Nirukta during 6th or 7th century B.C. If compared with old Nighantu, Nirukta is more popular and scientific. Yaska has given examples of his selection of words from the four Vedic texts. Main focal points of this paper is to trace the purpose of Nirukta, why the mantra has been exemplified and whether the purpose has been satisfied or not and whether this explanation made by Yaska have any impact on the subsequent tradition of Vedic interpretation or not. Here in this paper a mantra has been collected and exemplified in Nirukta from the Yajurveda specifically Suklayajurveda Madhyandina tradition.


An experimental study has been performed to identify the controlling conditions when self-generating flames move through and transform flame-retardant treated and untreated cotton fabrics. The approach has been to compare the chars formed by flames with those produced by induced (nonflame) thermal decomposition under known conditions of temperature and environment. Char comparisons were made mainly through internal reflection infrared spectroscopy. Considerable variations were found among chars formed by flames moving in different directions in space, corresponding to differences in the maximum temperatures and degree of contact with oxygen experienced by the materials during burning.


Introduction: Intrahepatic anatomy of the liver is very complex to understand. This study was aimed at contributing to hepatobiliary practice, which means liver transplantation, resection or intervent right hemiliver surgery, portal vein ligation or embolization. Material and Methods: Using injection-corrosive method 27 portobiliary casts out of 30 cadaveric liver specimens were made and analyzed. Under magnifying lens the portal vein branching patterns and biliary ducts merging patterns were analyzed and then compared at the level of right hemiliver posterior sector. Results: The comparison has shown incomparable prevalence of portal and biliary anatomy as follows: main portal vein bifurcation in 88.89% and trifurcation in 11.11% of cases, in contrast to right hepatic duct present in 55.55% and absent in 44.44% of cases. Right portal vein branch conventional anatomy was observed in 59.26% of casts, and among them posterior portal vein branch conventional anatomy was observed in 29.63%. The plurality of the branches supplying segment 6 was found in a high percent of 51.85%. Comparison of ramification patterns of the posterior portal vein branch with merging patterns of the segmental ducts into posterior sector duct showed coincidence in 13/19 (68.42%) casts with modal type of merging into posterior sector duct and among the cases with different modalities of merging only in 2/8 (25%). In all levels of portobiliary branching there was only one specimen 1/27 (3.70%) with conventional anatomy in the right hemiliver. Conclusion: Normal and variant portal vein anatomy may be accompanied with comparable or variant biliary anatomy.


This report provides a brief description of the Khumbu region of Nepal, its people, and the availability of dental treatment in this remote area. It also highlights Canadian involvement in the training of dental staff who provide treatment in a new clinic in the region.


: The hygrothermal performance of building envelope system is dictated by the response of the system to combined heat, air and moisture fluctuations produced by exterior and interior conditions that exist on either side of the envelope. This study was undertaken to generate information that would assist the benchmarking hygIRC model and related methods to assess hygrothermal performance of wall assemblies. This paper reports on experimental results to assess the drying rate of various combinations of sheathing membrane in close contact with wood-based sheathing. A weighing system was devised to conduct drying experiments on wood based products that would retrieve data on the change in weight of specimens continuously over time from which the hygrothermal response of the specimens could then be determined. consisting of saturated wood sheathing board products of approximately 0.8-m by 1-m size and weighing 5-kg, were either wrapped in different types of sheathing membrane or directly exposed to uniform environmental conditions in a climate chamber. Results provide a measure of the hygrothermal response of the different combinations of sheathing and sheathing membrane and establish rates at which drying occurs in these products. The results are useful in helping benchmark mathematical hygrothermal simulation model hygIRC.


Abstract Despite growing trends in openness between birth and adoptive families, little is known about what happens when adopted children become parents and birth mothers become birth grandmothers. These new and unique relationships between birth mothers and their grandchildren were examined through intensive case study analyses of in-depth interviews with birth mothers who placed infants for adoption more than 25 years ago (N = 11). Findings revealed enjoyment in their role as grandmothers and emphasized the significant role the adult adoptee (parent) played in influencing communication with their grandchild and families' incorporation of technology-mediated contact to overcome geographic barriers. Implications for practitioners, policy makers, and researchers are discussed.


In industry, infrared lasers are well established in the area of macroscopic material processing today due to their high flexibility and integrability. Even in the years of recession the laser market grew more than 10 percent per year. For several years now precision machining with lasers has obtained a worldwide growing interest. Copper vapor lasers are favorable for precision machining because of their pulse duration, wavelength and bean quality. The present work reports on the improvements in reliability of copper vapor lasers for industrial use. The relevant criteria of precision machining are outlined and typical applications are presented.


In order to solve the contradictions of precision and speed of gravity disturbance calculation,the characteristics of fuzzy control are used.Based on the improved fuzzy controller,the fuzzy control method is successfully used in the disturbing gravitation calculation.The computing ideas,basis points computation,hierarchical fuzzy control rules of specific improvement are analyzed in detail.The calculation example shows that the results biases are small by using the method of fuzzy control and the computing speed is faster than the speed obtained with conventional methods such as the stratified point quality method.


This paper analyzes state lotteries in the economic and cultural context of the late twentieth century. As access to traditional meritocratic advancement declined, many Americans perceived lotteries as new means of attaining increasingly elusive upward mobility. Their turn to lotteries was facilitated by grassroots coalitions as well as lottery advertisers who claimed lotteries as effective means of making money. The relationship of lotteries and social mobility reveals the full implications of lottery playing in the United States and the reasons this form of gambling has assumed new importance as providing access to the American Dream.


Studies of decapods diversity are important to understand the species composition in a
particular habitat. However, this information is very minute in Pahang estuaries area. This
study was conducted to identify diversity and abundance of juvenile decapods in Penor River
of Pahang. Specimens were collected from three different locations of the rivers using a
traditional fish trap. The samples collected and identified into genus based on their
morphological characteristics before analysed by using the Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index
and Simpson's Diversity Indices. The highest diversity of decapods found at Penor River at
middle and inner rivermouth in the middle of the year respectively, while the lowest diversity
of decapods recorded at this river is outer rivermouth in May. The result gives an impact on
which months the decapods inhabit river estuaries.


The aim of the article is to consider whether Agata Tuszyńska and Iwona Chmielewska's publication is a literary redefinition of the act of testimony. The author analyzes the relationship between text and image, at the same time referring to the life-writing trend. Moreover, the author raises questions about the relationship between the borrowed past and collective memory. In the article, the author also draws attention to the creation of a child's perspective, which is mainly generated through the mother tongue. The parent is the only person who creates the imaginary synthesis of the individual elements of Polish culture in miniature. Therefore, the author analyzes the stylization aspect of Tuszyńska's story on the child's perception, which often turns out to be simultaneously inscribing the extreme situation into the space of a fairy tale.


Micrometeorological techniques were used to compute hourly melt energy for ablating ice and snow surfaces on Peyto Glacier, Alberta, Canada. The computations were compared with measurements taken from electronic ablatometers which directly monitored surface lowering. Agreement between daily totals obtained from the two methods was found to be excellent for ice and reasonably good for snow. Hourly differences between computed and measured values tended to exhibit a diurnal pattern wherein ablation lags the energy input to the surface. Thus the delay in runoff from melting ice and snow is linked to diurnal changes in surface water storage.


ABSTRACT This article examines the role of the Young Women's Christian Association (YWCA) in constructing the terms of political engagement for young Christian women in South Asia. It focuses on a periodical called The Young Women of India and Ceylon, published between 1908 and 1916, which typically carried didactic essays and short aphoristic pieces of writing by Western educators and social workers, addressing a predominantly South Asian readership. Through this magazine, as well as through its Bible-study groups, social events, sporting gatherings and social work activities, the YWCA sought both to create opportunities for women's participation in public life in South Asia and to articulate the boundaries of proper Christian womanhood in this practice. In particular, I argue that the writing in this magazine emphasised ideals of enterprise, positivity and professionalism. The article also examines the effects of this discourse, considering how South Asian Christian women inhabited an ethic of religious womanhood and showing that they engaged in a balancing act that both reiterated and contested the missionary ideal of 'good' womanhood.


It is kno wn that 8-Br-cAMP is one of selective bi nding site analogues for cAMP RIIα to af fect cell growth through regulation of g ene expression.The p16,p21wafl,p53 a nd Rb are antioncogenes which affect cel l growth through control of cell cycle.T he aim of this study is to investigate t he 8-Br-cAMP effect on the expression of antioncogenes in human HXO-Rb44 cells. Methods Cultured HXO-Rb44 cells in RPMI -1 640 medium were divided into two aliquot s.8-Br-cAMP (2×10-5mol/L) was added i nto one aliquot for 24h as the experime ntal group(EG),the another aliquot witho ut 8-Br-cAMP as the control group(CG).Af ter 24h,the cell suspension was dropped onto the nitrocellulose membrane.The mR NA of p16,p21wafl,wild type(w)p53,mut ant type(m) p53 and Rb were used respec tively with biotin-labeled cDNA probes b y intact cell RNA dot blot.The immunorea ctivity(IR) of P16,P21wafl,PRb,PCN A,cdk2 and cdk4 were detected respecti vely with specific monoclonal antibodies on dot blot.ResultsThe mRNA dot blot s ignals of mp53 and protein dot blot of cdk2-IR,cdk4-IR and PCNA-IR in EG were weaker than those in CG(P<0.05~0.01). W hile,the mRNA signals of p16,p21wafl,wp53 and Rb in EG were stronger than tho se in CG(P<0.05~0.01).The intensity of ea ch protein dot blot was consistent with that of their RNA dot blot (except for w P53-IR and mP53-IR not to be done).Conc lusions(1)8-Br-cAMP could up-regul ate expression of antioncogenes includin g p16,p21wafl,wp53,Rb,and protein exp ression of P16,P21wafl and PRb.(2) 8-Br-cAMP could down-regulate mp53 gene expression and protein expression of cd k2,cdk4 and PCNA.The results suggest t hat 8-Br-cAMP could inhibit human HXO-Rb 44 cell growth through interfering rela ted gene expression of cell cycle.

Key words:
retinoblastoma; antioncogenes; dot; blot; cdks


Human needs for religion cannot be denied other than because humans have religious nature, humans need religion because humans who have perfection and lack and also humans are always presented with challenges to be able to go through various problems so humans need to be fortified with religious values. And with the true values of spirituality life peace can be realized. Spirituality is essentially a concern across religions and races. And what is clear is that spirituality is a concern for cross beings. Spirituality which is an innate human instinct is an important point in the birth of religion. Religion can last for a long time. And also as a place to be able to preserve spiritual experiences. Keywords : Religion, Sprituality Value.


Between 2017-2018, the International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement (ICHOM) conducted a targeted study to deliver a standard set of outcome measures in diabetes, including patient reported outcomes. Compared to other conditions, the study faced the challenge of a complex data collection in a highly prevalent multifactorial chronic disease.

 We conducted a structured systematic review of outcome measures focusing on adults with either Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes, followed by a consensus-driven modified Delphi panel including a multidisciplinary group of academics, health professionals and patient representatives. The applicability of the standard set was explored by collecting external feedback from patients and health professionals worldwide.

 The panel identified an essential set of case-mix characteristics and clinical outcomes, including factors related to diabetes control, acute events, chronic complications, health services and survival that can be regularly measured using routine data and ad hoc data collection. Three validated instruments were recommended for ad-hoc data collection of patient-reported outcomes: the "WHO-5" for psychological wellbeing, the "PAID" for diabetes distress and the "PHQ-9" for depression. The feedback received from members of the panel highlighted substantial challenges with regards to the applicability of the approach at a large scale.

 The standard set recommended for use to monitor, benchmark and improve diabetes care has received strong support from stakeholders involved in the process worldwide. However, substantial challenges remain on how to organize a systematic data collection worldwide, with implications on policy and practice that can equally apply across all areas of chronic care. Prioritization of selected targets may be useful to achieve practical results in the immediate future.

 A standard set for the data collection of person-centred outcomes in diabetes has been successfully delivered by ICHOM, including case-mix characteristics, clinical and person reported outcomes. The feedback received from a range of stakeholders highlight implications for policy and practice in the data collection of PROMs for person-centred chronic disease monitoring.


6.5 W 1.3 μm passively Q-switched output was demonstrated from a side-pumped Nd doped Gd<inf>06</inf>Y<inf>0.</inf>4VO<inf>4</inf> bounce laser in combination with V:YAG saturable absorber crystal. Slope efficiency of 24% was achieved.