Bottom ash, as a by-product of coal-fired electric power plants, has recently been used in constructing transportation facilities. However, the use of bottom ash in asphalt mixtures is still in an early stage. The moisture resistance of asphalt mixtures containing bottom ash, which has not been adequately researched, is investigated in this study. Eight asphalt mixtures produced with one type of asphalt cement, two types of aggregate, three sources of bottom ash, and lime additive were evaluated using the principles in AASHTO T283. Analysis of test data indicated that granite mixtures had higher tensile strength values than did limestone mixtures in dry conditions. Addition of lime or bottom ash did not substantially change these values. All mixtures tested met the Superpave volumetric mix design requirement of tensile strength ratio (TSR) after one freeze–thaw cycle. The addition of lime significantly improved the moisture resistance of the asphalt mixtures as measured by the TSR. With lime addition, aggregate type, bottom ash addition, and bottom ash source were all insignificant with respect to TSR. On the basis of TSR rate (TSRR), the addition of lime significantly improved the moisture resistance of the asphalt mixtures subjected to multiple freeze–thaw cycles. Without lime addition, bottom ash played a role similar to that of lime in improving the TSRR for the materials tested.


It is the intention of this paper to explore the short and long-term impact of the 1997 financial crisis and of the intervention of the International Financial Institutions (IFIs) in South Korea and Thailand. The focus of the paper lies on the outcome of the policy conditionality of the IFIs on labor market regulation and social welfare policies and the impact on income and asset distribution, unemployment, poverty, and power relations. Despite positive growth rates the long-term effects of the crisis seem to be more flexibility and informalization of labor markets, rising inequalities, and insecurity for the working populations in the two countries. The crisis has furthermore exacerbated economic uncertainty, political instability and social hardship as a result of a substantial change in ownership of national companies, banks and assets that have been taken over by foreign capital. The paper draws upon recent debates in the framework of comparative political economy over the impact of neo-liberal globalization on labor market and social policy and the radical change of industrial relations with its accompanying loss of the social relevance of the work place and of labor-based social organizations.


Leading products are the elements of systematic development and the kernel of systematic functions in the subject functional area. Coordinative development of the subject functional area involves the supply of four regional products: farm products which represent the safety of agricultural products, industrial products which represent the strength of regional development, ecological products which represent the status quo of ecological production, and public service products which represent the welfare of the residents. As an important component of" biological diversity and the functional area of water and soil conservation in Wuling Mountain area, Southeast Chongqing is an important area of ecological safety which is closely related to global situation of the country. In this area, there should be no large scale of industrialization and urbanization, and ecological products should be the leading ones. On the basis of economic nature of ecological products, the writer of this article establishes the definition of ecological products from which he makes a detailed study of the achievements and predicament in developing ecological products in southeast Chongqing, with the stress on how to get out of the predicament.


Transcending Technological Innovation: The Impact of Acquisitions on Entrepreneurial Technical Organizations by Bruce Crochetiere MBA, Southern New Hampshire University, 2004 BSBA, University of Lowell, 1988 Doctoral Study Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Business Administration Walden University October 2011


Methods of depositing tungsten is provided in the different sized features on the substrate. These methods are being stopped first depositing the bulk tungsten layer, and etching the deposited tungsten, and depositing a second bulk tungsten, and is the second deposition operation date and time after the smaller features are completely filled in the features tungsten treatment is, be resumed second bulk tungsten deposition to deposit a small flat tungsten grain size within the larger features in the future. These methods are also deposit-etching and comprises depositing a plurality of cycles of tungsten deposition, this time each cycle is similarly sized to target hayeoseo using specified etching chemicals for a group of small features in the group, and the from a group of small-size feature is deposited to a large group of the best features. It deposited using this method eopeumyeonseo a void with respect to a variety of feature sizes in the substrate provides a more even and filled to obtain the small size of the grain.


The maximum likelihood algorithm has some requirements regarding the initial values, or else there would be no guarantee for the convergence of the parameters. The Genetic Algorithm (GA) was introduced in this paper to cope with the problem of local convergence in maximum likelihood algorithm. The typical function test showed that the method had manifested both the global convergence as in GA and the high accuracy rate as in maximum likelihood algorithm. Besides, the special software for general model identification was designed for identification in typical thermal systems. The results showed that it was a readable and valuable method in the realm of identification


This paper analyzes incentive and capacity factors that explain variations in research productivity among 344 agricultural scientists in Nigeria and 237 agricultural scientists in Ghana using multilevel analysis. Education level, years of experience, research linkages, and perceived adequacy of resources and management plans are consistently significant capacity factors in explaining productivity. Reported job satisfaction and reported staff's happiness or satisfaction on organizational climate are statistically significant incentive factors.


The paper investigated the forest landscape dynamics in the north of the Funiu Mountain, where considerable attention has been drawn in issues of slowing down the agricultural expansion into the remaining natural forests. Based on the theory of landscape ecology, the terrain gradient of forest landscape dynamics were examined by using geographic information system. The results showed that terrain niche index was valuable in describing the forest landscape dynamics in the north of the Funiu Mountain. In 1986 and 2003, the predominant ranges of forest landscape change on terrain niche index were 9-30 and 10-30 respectively and there was a slight trend of up slide. From 1986 to 2003, the three predominant ranges of forest landscape change on terrain niche index in the areas of the forest landscape unchanged, the forest landscape converted to non-forest landscape, and the non-forest landscape converted to forest landscape were 10-30,5-12 and 4-10,18-24 respectively. In addition, by using spatial analysis in Arc/GIS 9.2 and Spss 10.0, the correlation of forest landscape change and the terrain gradient were analyzed. It indicated that there were notable correlations between them, especially in predominant ranges of terrain gradient.


Electrom agnetic system s axe a t the forefront of available technologies that pos sess the potential to deliver advanced actuation system s. Their contactless nature is recognized to a be a key asset th a t eliminates friction, and helps realize accurate positioning in m ultiple degrees of freedom at high bandw idths. These characteristics have been realized in the curren t generation of positioners, but the developments suffer from sm all workspace volume which limits the ir widespread applicability. To address these shortcom ings, th is dissertation focuses on the design and development of a M agnetic Suspension A ctuato r (MSA) with large travel in multiple degrees of freedom. C ritical to th e developm ent of such an actuation system , is the formulation of the principles for the design of two basic components: (I) T he electrom agnetic actuation stra tegy tha t supports the characteristics dem anded of the actuation system, and (2) the control algorithm th a t regulates the perform ance of the MSA to the desired specifications. In the design of the actuation scheme, a methodology is first developed to synthesize optim al actuation strategies comprising of only DC electromagnets. In order to reduce the size and the power requirements of the electromagnets in these actuation schemes, perm anent m agnets are com bined with DC electromagnets to generate Perm anent-E lectro-M agnet (PEM ) com binations. Optim al design of the PEM com binations th a t m axim izes the force characteristics in relationship to the actuation requirem ents, while m aintain ing flotor m anipulability is addressed. The PEM combinations are then incorporated into the design of th e horizontal and vertical actuation schemes th a t result in the desired actuation properties. Form ulation of the principles for the design of the com pensation scheme, first involves the development of a robust nonlinear control algorithm , for realizing large and accurate travel in the MSA. Geom etric feedback linearization technique using the nonlinear model of the electrom agnetic force is employed to form ulate the controller. To provide robustness to uncertain ty/disturbance, an algorithm based on discrete tim e-delay control is form ulated. T he performance of the robust nonlinear control algorithm is experim entally investigated on a single degree of freedom MSA. Tracking accuracy in the robust nonlinear control strategy degrades with increas ing frequency and am plitude of the desired trajectory, due to the presence of fer rom agnetic hysteresis in the electrom agnetic actuators. The Preisach independent dom ain model is utilized to capture all of the essential characteristics of the hystere sis nonlinearity in electrom agnetic actuators. The Preisach model is inverted and incorporated into the robust nonlinear control algorithm to com pensate for hysteretic effects. The performance of this approach is verified experimentally.


This work presents a model to determine the power consumption of tapered buffers, validating its results with transistor-level simulations. Focusing on their application as gate drivers for high-frequency on-chip switching power converters, the need for a fall-rise time evaluation at the output of the tapered buffer is discussed. Consequently, the output fall-rise time is modeled and validated by means of simulations. Given the linear relation between the fall-rise time and the switching losses of the power MOSFET, an optimized design procedure is proposed to concurrently minimize the switching losses of the tapered buffer together with the power MOSFET switching losses. The work concludes with a design example for a 15000 /spl mu/m-width PMOS transistor, presenting an optimum tapering factor of 21, for a specific 0.35 /spl mu/m standard CMOS technology.


Malaria is infectious disease caused by parasite of plasmodium genus which is infected through the bites of female anopheles mosquitoes. Malaria is considered a disease related of environment sanitation and behavior causing someone to be ill. The aim of the research is to findout the relationship between the use of repellent, mosquito net, knowledge, mosquito brood sites, home distance from mosquito brood, and cattel cultivation and the occurrence of malaria. The research is a cross sectional study. The sampel were 128 patients consisting of 43 patients suffering from malaria and 83 patients not suffering from malaria. The results of chi-square analysis indicate that the use repellent (X 2 arithmetic (20,115), p=0,000), the use of mosquito net (X 2 arithmetic (20,908), p=0,000), knowledge (X 2 arithmetic (33,885), p=0,000), mosquito brood sites (X 2 arithmetic (10,928), p=0,001), home distance from mosquito brood (X 2 arithmetic (34,872 ), p=0,000), and cattle cultivation (X 2 arithmetic (11,488), p=0,001) have a significant relationship with the occurrence of malaria. Thus, it is suggested to maintain einvironmental sanitation and prevent the behavior of having contact with mosquito. Keywords        : individual and home environment, malaria


With the growing application of high-k dielectrics, the interface between HfO2 and Al2O3 play a crucial role in CTM devices. To clearly understand the interaction of the HfO-AlO interface at the atomic and electronic scale, the bonding feature, electronic properties and charge localized character of c- HfO2 (0 0 1)/α-Al2O3 (1 -1 0 2) interface has been investigated by first principle calculations. The c- HfO2 (0 0 1)/α-Al2O3 (1 -1 0 2) interface has adhesive energy about -1.754 J/m2, suggesting that this interface can exist stably. Through analysis of Bader charge and charge density difference, the intrinsic interfacial gap states are mainly originated from the OII and OIII types oxygen atoms at the interface, and only OIII type oxygen atoms can localized electrons effectively and are provided with good reliability during P/E cycles, which theoretically validate the experimental results that HfO2/Al2O3 multi-layered charge trapping layer can generate more effective traps in memory device. Furthermore, the...


Resistance to long-term exposure to CO2 in Drosophila melanoyaster was investigated by Matheson and Parsons (1973) using 18 isofemale strains collected at Leslie Manor (LM), Victoria. Variations in mortalities between strains were shown following exposure to CO2 for 41-5 hours, indicating that the population is polymorphic for genes for resistance and sensitivity to long-term exposure to CO2. Genetic analyses from diallel crosses between some of the LM strains (and also laboratory strains inbred for many generations by sib mating) revealed a high degree of additive genetic control but with some indications of dominance-a result that was confirmed by chromosomal analyses. The use of isofemale strains as a tool in looking at the genetic structure of populations has become more common in the last few years (e.g., Parsons et al. 1967; Parsons 1970, 1974; Rockwell and Seiger 1973; McKenzie and Parsons 1974a). It is a particularly useful approach for genetic architectures of traits in species little known genetically. In particular, useful comparisons between sibling species will be possible using this technique, especially as differences between such species tend to be quantitative rather than qualitative. This is certainly true of the D. melanoyaster-D. simulans pair of sibling species, which are morphologically very similar, especially females. However, one stress trait for which they are qualitatively different is ethyl alcohol at concentrations of 6%-9%D. melanoyaster being resistant and D. simulans sensitive based on tests on a total of 1,251 isofemale strains over the two species (McKenzie and Parsons 1974a). In a 6 x 6 diallel cross between isofemale strains of D. simulans collected near Melbourne, exposure to CO2 for 41-5 hours led to high mortalities. Apparently, as for other stresses tested so far, D. simulans is more sensitive than D. melanoyaster. However, mean mortalities in the diallel cross after 4-hour exposure were discriminatory (see tables 1 and 2). Additive genetic differences (general combining abilities) are especially important in females, whereas nonadditive differences (specific combining abilities) are not. Significant reciprocal effects were found in females, and these are worthy of further investigation. To comment about genetic architectures per se, we should use inbred strains, but Mather and Jinks (1971) have pointed out that the diallel cross method is as sensitive as any method when strains are not inbred. Therefore, we conclude that D. simulans probably shows no dominance effects whereas D. melanoyaster does (Matheson and Parsons 1973);


In this paper we classify distance-regular graphs, including strongly regular graphs, admitting a transitive action of the unitary groups U(3, 4), U(4, 3) and U(5, 2) for which the rank of the permutation representation is at most 15. We give details about the constructed graphs. The graphs constructed in the paper were known before, but have been obtained in a different way.


In this article we present the results of the archaeological interventions carried out in the church of Santo Domingo in La Iruela, Jaen. The excavations revealed that, prior to the present building constructed in the 16 th century, there was another one that may also have had religious functions. The stratigraphic analysis permit knowing that the entire building was constructed at once, although the materials of the apse and the naves were very different; which allows for different interpretations. However, it has been proved that the deterioration of the building began between the seventeenth and the eighteenth century. The last stage is represented by the desecration and its use as a cemetery, which has caused important damages on the faces.


According to the application of radial basis function (RBF) network in power system short-term load forecasting, a probabilistic short-term load forecasting method based on dynamic self-adaptive RBF network is proposed. The dynamic self-adaptive nearest neighbor-clustering learning algorithm is adopted to training the network for load forecasting. On this basis, by means of the statistics of error characteristics of historical load forecasting, a probability density function model for forecasting errors in load areas is established, and combining with the results of deterministic load forecasting the results of probabilistic load forecasting are obtained. The practicality and effectiveness of the proposed short-term load forecasting approach are verified by data analysis of actual power network.


The notion of trust has evolved to become one of the many nebulous buzzwords centering around AI. This paper aims at showing that, with regards to human influenceability through AI, trust in AI is to be seen as problematic. Based on the notion of socio-technical epistemic systems, I will argue that the trust human agents have in AI is strongly related to what could be understood as algorithmic authority. The second part of this paper will then translate the elaborated line of argument to the field of social robotics.


Abstract : This is the first annual report of a project that uses locally-developed TOMBO (TOhoku Mixed Basis Orbitals ab-initio program) to study electron transport properties of materials. TOMBO employs mixed basis, composed of plane wave basis sets and atomic basis sets.


Oil produced in most of the oil fields is accompanied by water in the form of an emulsion that must be treated. This water normally contains dissolved salts, principally chlorides of sodium, calcium, and magnesium. If crude oil is left without treatment, the salt will cause various operational problems. This research investigates experimentally the effect of major factors on the efficiency of the desalting process for a Khurmala crude oil in Kurdistan Region. These factors are chemical treatment, PH value of water, temperature and pressure drop. One of the factors is systematically varied when the others are constant and the efficiency is analyzed. It was found that the best desalter efficiency can be concluded when the embreak dosage is 100 ppm, PH of wash water 6.5 in average, the optimum temperature is 55°C and pressure drop of mixing valve is 1.5 bars and the best desalter efficiency was in acidified condition.


As a Chinese library Cataloguer,the author has recognized that it is important to improve the writing and correction rate of MARC .With rich experience of so many years,the author has got some techniques in using the catalogue component of HuiWen system.Wish it is useful for library work.


Extended Abstract 1Introduction In the point of meteorological view, frost occurs when minimum temperature is below 0° centigrade degree. In total, frosts classified in two groups: a) Radiative Frosts and b) Advective frosts. Radiative frost is the most common form of the phenomenon. Nocturnal long wave (heat) radiation loss from the surface leads to the progressive reduction of surface temperature (and that of the adjacent air) between sunset and sunrise (Oke, 1987; Linacre and Geerts, 1997). Advective frost occurs under meteorological conditions that typically include the passage across a region of a large mass of very cold, dry air followed by a well-mixed, windy atmosphere and a temperature that is often subzero, even during the daytime(Scholefield, 1994; Davidson, 1997). The combination of factors such as those related to atmospheric


Antisocial behavior and school aggression in youth has been linked with affective, interpersonal, self-attributional, and behavioral characteristics; these traits have often been associated with psychopathic behaviors among adults. Psychopathic traits were examined in nonclinically-referred youth exhibiting antisocial and aggressive behavior. Using the School Violence Inventory and the Antisocial Process Screening Device (APSD), two participant roles (pure aggressors and aggressive victims) involved in school aggression were examined in a sample of middle and high school students (N = 3,981). A series of within and between-subjects analyses, followed by hierarchical regressions showed that different scales of the APSD, primarily the narcissism and impulsivity scales, were associated with aggression and that the aggressive victims' scores were highest on these measures; nonaggressors did not have elevated narcissism scores. Findings partially support the hypothesis that some psychopathy traits are related to the aggressor rather than the nonaggressor participant roles.


By applying the principal component analysis method and the statistic software SPSS,this paper studies quality evaluation of notopterygium incisum Ting ex H.T.chang in different of Qinghai province.This is of significance for getting more economic results from the composite family.


A new occupancy-dependence equation of M-S diffusivity in MFI zeolite was developed based on Kinetic Monte Carlo simulation results obtained in this paper and Molecular Dynamics simulation data from literature.The new relation took into account the effects of sorbate-sorbate interaction and saturated adsorption loading by incorporating terms of the L-J energy parameter and saturation loading, and yielded better results than previous equations when calculating M-S diffusivity of weakly confined component CH_4, strongly confined component CF_4 and moderately confined components such as Ar, Xe, SF_6, Ne and He in MFI zeolite.


An electron-transport polymer with good solution processibility, excellent thermal stability, and high electron affinity based on alternating perylene diimide and dithienothiophene units has been synthesized. Electron mobilities as high as 1.3 × 10-2 cm2 V-1 s-1 have been measured in field-effect transistor geometry. The polymer shows broad absorptions throughout the visible and extending into the near-IR. A power conversion efficiency of over 1%, under simulated AM 1.5, 100 mW/cm2, was measured for a single-layer solar cell using this polymer as an acceptor and a polythiophene derivative as a donor.


A multicomponent Bi-based Z-scheme photocatalyst, BISB, was developed through a hydrothermal method. In this sample, two semiconducting nanostructures, BiOI and Bi2S3, were linked together with the...


Brucellosis can affect almost all organ systems in humans. Digestive
symptoms have been reported in several series. Brucella infection is a
chronic systemic disease, particularly in which there is
reticuloendotelial system involvement. It can cause rarely hepatitis,
cholecystitis or pancreatitis in the gastrointestinal tractus. Brucella
infection can rarely cause spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Although
a variety of clinical presentations and complications involving various
organ systems has been reported, peritoneal involvement is a very rare
presentation. There has been no reported case of massive chylothorax in
a cirrhotic patient due to brucellosis in the literature. This report
presents a case of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and chylothorax
caused by Brucella melitensis.


We report a set of five new bovine microsatellite polymorphisms based on (CA)n repeats. They are highly polymorphic and thus represent valuable markers for genome mapping.


According to previous research, it can be illustrated that the environment, physical equipment and cultural concept influence factors in the live broadcast process have a certain impact on consumers' impulsive buying behavior. The atmosphere clues of the environment and heart flow experience created by physical equipment do have positive impact on consumer impulse purchases, and Zhong-Yong thinking due to cultural concept can have negative effects to a certain degree. On this basis, this paper narrows the scope of research on influencing factors, mainly explores how the host in the e-commerce live streaming to affect consumer impulse purchase behavior from the above three levels. By exploring the influencing factors at the main broadcast level, this paper will help the host to improve the quality of live show and improve the traffic conversion rate by implementing flexible ecommerce strategy.


We extend the inductive approach to the lace expansion, previously developed to study models with critical dimension 4, to be applicable more generally. In particular, the result of this note has recently been used to prove Gaussian asymptotic behaviour for the Fourier transform of the two-point function for sufficiently spread-out lattice trees in dimensions $d > 8$, and it is potentially also applicable to percolation in dimensions $d > 6$.


Abstract : Hailed by its proponents as a Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA), Network-Centric Warfare (NOW) is still a broadly defined evolutionary concept. However, enabled by vast leaps in Information Technology, the network-centric transformation is already happening today and lessons are being learned. Promising new hardware systems, dependent on a network of other systems for function, have been introduced. The Joint Direct Attack Munition (JDAM), having recently completed operational evaluation and been employed in Operations ALLIED FORCE and SOUTHERN WATCH, is one of these new systems. By examining JDAM in the context of Network-Centric Warfare concepts, three results are achieved: * Optimization of the JDAM system; * Validation (or non-validation) of the Network-Centric Warfare concept; * Identification of potential pitfalls in the Network-Centric Warfare concept. JDAM holds enormous potential in the Joint Vision 2020 operational concept of Precision Engagement. Conversely, JDAM's shortcomings, although in the process of being remedied, identify some alarming pitfalls in the transformation to network-centric operations and hold some important lessons for the modern warfighter implementing this revolutionary concept.


The web holds a large number of resources, and navigating can sometimes become hard. As individuals get together to discuss and exchange information, web based communities start to form. These communities form a nexus around which individuals organize and learn. As they grow and accumulate shared resources, they become rich information sources. The usual way to navigate the web is to search, starting from a search page and then browsing to look for adequate resources. When looking for information, individuals often turn to others for recommendations or answers. This paper presents a peer-to-peer tool to assist web navigation and search by leveraging a community's existent knowledge. Individuals rate web sites and share these ratings with the community. Recommendations are made based on these ratings. This enables a community-geared rating, where individuals know they will find ratings that reflect the opinions of the community in which he or she is inserted. This mimics the recommendation-seeking behavior and has the potential to lead to better results, as searches become more directed to a community's context.


The aim of this research is to find a way to achieve the epoxy composites with high thermal conductivity and acceptable dielectric breakdown (BD) strength. A value 12.3 W/m·K is the highest thermal conductivity obtained for epoxy composite in Part I. Dielectric breakdown performances such as short-time dielectric breakdown strength (BD strength), partial discharge (PD) resistance and BD time for composites were investigated in the Part II. In general, micro filler inclusion will increase thermal conductivity and decrease dielectric breakdown performance. Influencing factors are considered to be the orientation of filler, the content of void space, the content ratio in the case of co-mixing, the addition of nano filler, and filler surface modification. Twenty six kinds of composites were prepared in consideration of the above influencing factors. There are two options for most appropriate ones among the composites evaluated in the research. One is an epoxy/ conglomerated h-BN composite with co-loaded nano SiO2 and micro AIN filler. It has 12.3 W/m·K in thermal conductivity, 75.1 kVpeak/mm in BD strength and 260 % of BD time for neat epoxy. It is most suitable when low BD strength and high thermal conductivity is needed. The other one is an epoxy/ h-BN composite with co-loaded nano silica and AIN filler for requirement of very high BD strength but lower thermal conductivity. Optimum thermal conductivity is obtained if flaky h-BN filler is oriented in parallel to heat flow. Since it is difficult to realize full orientation, the use of conglomerated h-BN filler is a suitable option. Optimum BD performance is obtained if void space is reduced by certain methods such as co-dispersion of different size fillers and addition of nano filler.


The Vector Infection Model (VIM) assuming that infected people (vector) transmit high loads of COVID-19 to health persons by both close or near contact, is the predominant if not the only accepted pandemic modeling. Because the virus is assumed to have a very high R0, each person infects a high number of healthy people, quarantine is proposed as the way to control the epidemics. After 8 months, contagious data did not support this assumption, showing that the virus tends to spread quiescently because infected people remains asymptomatic and carrying a low virus load. Here, an alternative modeling is proposed: the Collector Infection Model (CIM) involving two not well distinguished actors: the provider releasing a virus load to others or into the environment, and the collector picking the virus from others or the environment. Virus load is low for asymptomatic and high for symptomatic individuals. Virus delivering and collecting are fundamentally governed by social rules; personal and collective behavior, as well as habits. Transition from collectors into providers is gradual depending on the available virus load and the local, duration and frequency of collecting. They take place within social networks organized as Scale free and Smallword networks. Health conditions (and consequently age) are the most important variable determining this transition. The present paper uses Polynomial and Linear Regression Analyses to study epidemic data from 8 different countries; 130 regions of these countries, and 117 Brazilian cities. Results shown a synchronized epidemic onset in the European Union countries and a progressive virus spread at various distinct rates in all other studied countries, regions and cities. The quiescent period between the first case report and epidemics onset is quite variable, being short as few weeks to long as 4 months. In addition, the virus was identified in the Florianopolis human sewage by November, 19, but the first cases in this state were reported by March 12, 2020 and epidemics broke up by June 6. Polynomial Regression Analysis shows that the epidemic dynamics has specific signatures for the different studied regions independent of the level (national; state or province; city or their neighborhoods) of the analysis, pointing to a strong influence of human social organization upon the epidemic evolution. The regional total number of cases decreases following a logarithm law at the level of cities and a power law for the other upper level regions. It is proposed, here, that local (cities and their neighborhoods) epidemics spread occurs inside Smallworld social networks, whereas at the other regional upper level it occurs inside Scale free social networks.


The large trough-shaped body of pyrite at Cerro de Pasco is a structurally controlled replacement of (mainly) folded Triassic-Jurassic limestones of the Pucara formation along the east and southeast margin of a Tertiary volcanic vent. Copper ore bodies and other sulfide masses are interpreted as having formed later in fracture systems which were developed in areas of relative incompetence, principally in peripheral zones of the pyrite body, during late Tertiary wrench faulting associated with compressional folding in the district.


We explore the pricing and profit implications of demand information within a channel setting.The model a distribution channel consists of a single manufacturer selling its product through two competing retailers.The demand information among the members is asymmetric.We find that improved information about demand always results in greater absolute profits,as well as a claim on greater division of channel profits for the informed channel member.


Nationality — Loss of — Naturalization — Revocation — French Law — Revocation of Naturalization of the Wife of a Person Convicted of a Crime.


Abstract. Antarctic ice velocity maps describe the ice flow dynamics of the ice sheet and are one of the primary components used to estimate the Antarctic mass balance and contribution to global sea level changes. In comparison to velocity maps covering monthly to weekly time spans derived from the images of optical imaging satellites taken in recent decades, historical maps, from before the 1990s, generally cover longer time spans, e.g., over 10 years, due to the scarce spatial and temporal coverage of earlier satellite image data. We found velocity overestimations in such long-term maps that can reach from ~69 m a−1 (7-year span) in Totten Glacier, East Antarctica, up to ~930 m a−1 (10-year span) in Pine Island, West Antarctica. We propose an innovative Lagrangian velocity-based method for overestimation correction without the use of field observations or additional image data. The method is validated by using a set of "ground truth" velocity maps for Totten Glacier which are produced from high-quality Landsat 8 images from 2013 to 2020. Subsequently, the validated method is applied to a historical velocity map of the David Glacier region from images from 1972–1989 acquired during Landsat 1, 4 and 5 satellite missions. It is demonstrated that velocity overestimations of up to 39 m a−1 for David Glacier and 69 m a−1 for Totten Glacier can be effectively corrected. Furthermore, temporal acceleration information, e.g., on calving events, is preserved in the corrected velocity maps and can be used for long-term ice flow dynamics analysis. We recommend that overestimations of more than the velocity mapping uncertainty (1σ) be corrected. This velocity overestimation correction method can be applied to the production of regional and ice sheet-wide historical velocity maps from long-term satellite images.


The involvement of the 5′-hydroxyl group on β-D-arabinofurano[1′,2′:4,5]oxazolo-s-triazin-4-one-6-thione (1b), to form an intramolecular covalent adduct at C6, is postulated to explain the formation of almost equal amounts of 5-N-alkyl-β-D-arabinofurano[1′,2′:4,5]oxazolo-s-triazin-4-one-6-thione and 5-N-alkyl-β-D-arabinofurano[1′,2′:4,5]oxazolo-s-triazine-4,6-dione during alkylation of 1b. An X-ray crystallographic study was conducted on 5-N-methyl-β-D-arabinofurano[1′,2′:4,5]oxazolo-s-triazine-4,6-dione (2a) and its solid state structure was established. This was compared to the energy minimized structure of the same compound that was generated by the molecular modeling program, MACROMODEL. Force field calculations (Allinger's MM2) on this structure and other intermediates lend support to the concept of formation of the intramolecular covalent adduct.


In image segmentation problems, there is usually a vast amount of filter operations available, a subset of which has to be selected and instantiated in order to obtain a satisfactory segmentation procedure fo r a particular domain. In supervised segmentation, a mapping from features, such as filter outputs for individual pixels, to classes is induced automa tically. However, since the sample size required for supervised learning grow s exponentially in the number of features it is not feasible to learn a segment ation procedure from a large amount of possible filters. But we argue that auto matic model selection methods are able to select a region model in terms of some filters.


This study examines the differential heat sensitivity of rounded suspension cells versus flattened monolayer cells. G1 populations of two different Chinese hamster ovary lines were used to eliminate possible cell cycle artifacts. The cell populations were heated at 43 and 45 degrees C. In all cases, cells treated in suspension were less sensitive to heat killing than cells treated as monolayers.


Vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) has been proposed as a possible way to improve the control of refractory epilepsy. We report the effects following VNS treatment in patients with refractory epilepsy. Seventeen patients with a mean age of 12.8 years, ranging from 5 to 29 years, underwent the implantation of vagal nerve stimulation (Cyberonics, Houston, TX). We reviewed the clinical findings before and after VNS in seizure frequency, number of antiepileptic drugs (AED), and quality of life (QOL). All of the patients had intractable seizures, eleven of the patients had additional medical complications, three had hippocampus atrophy, one had encephalomalacia, five had encephalitis, one had pachygyria, and one had schizencephaly. Thirteen patients had symptomatic partial epilepsies, three patients had Lennox-Gastaut syndrome and one had cryptogenic partial epilepsy. The mean follow up duration was 35 months. The mean reduction of seizure frequency compared with baseline before VNS was 26.1% after 3 months ( p <0.005), 41.9% after 6 months ( p <0.001), 46.9% after 1 year ( p <0.001), and 53% at the latest follow-up ( p <0.001). Twelve patients showed an improvement of QOL such as mood, language, alertness, expression, and motor function. The most common side effects were transient hoarseness or voice change or cough, which was detected in six patients (35%) and wound infection in one patient (5%). This study has shown a good anti-seizure effect of VNS, decrease in seizure frequency and improvements in QOL. We concluded that VNS is a beneficial therapy in refractory epilepsy with a non-resectable epileptic focus. Further studies should be focused on the prediction of unresponsiveness and the adjustment of VNS parameters for maximum efficacy in patients with various medical histories.


Thus critical points are ones where either tanh( q μ ) = 0 (which cannot happen on Sn−1) or tanh( q μ ) is in the nullspace of (I − qq∗), which implies tanh( q μ ) = bq for some constant b. The equation tanh( x μ ) = bx has either a single solution at the origin or 3 solutions at {0,±r(b)} for some r(b). Since this equation must be solved simultaneously for every element of q, we obtain ∀i ∈ [n] : qi ∈ {0,±r(b)}. To obtain solutions on the sphere, one then uses the freedom we have in choosing b (and thus r(b)) such that ‖q‖ = 1. The resulting set of critical points is thus


It has been found that the size parameter \alpha of a perfectly conducting sphere and the angular positions of the extrema of the Mie scattering intensities are related by a simple equation involving one constant characteristic of each extremum. These constants for the first sixteen extrema counted from the forward direction are presented here for 0 . A simple relation gives the constants for higher order extrema.


An apparatus and method for regulating the growth of living tissue are provided. The apparatus includes a deformable magnetic field generator and a magnetic field detector for producing a controlled, fluctuating, directionally oriented magnetic field parallel to a predetermined axis projecting through the target tissue. The deformable magnetic field generator includes a pair of field coils embedded in a flexible material which allows the field coils to be plastically deformed to fit the contour of a body region such as a patient's limb. The field detector samples the magnetic flux density along the predetermined access and provides a signal to a microprocessor which determines the average value of the flux density. The applied magnetic field is oscillated at predetermined frequencies to maintain a preselected ratio of frequency to average flux density. This ratio is maintained by adjusting the frequency of the fluctuating magnetic field and/or by adjusting the intensity of the applied magnetic field as the composite magnetic flux density changes in response to changes in the local magnetic field to which the target tissue is subjected. By maintaining these precise predetermined ratios of frequency to average magnetic flux density, growth characteristics of the target tissue are con trolled.


The Minimum Shift Keying (MSK) technology fits in information transmission system of radar targets due to its superior performance in providing low sidelobe spectral energy and reduced sidelobe regrowth. The Direct Digital Synthesis (DDS) technology is also considered because of its superior advantage in relative bandwidth, frequency conversion time and continuous phase. After in-depth study of the principle of MSK and DDS, this paper provides a digital model of MSK modulator and demodulator, and DDS which is employed to generate the modulated signal is also designed based on FPGA. Then verification of the implemented digital model is done by comparing the resultant MSK modulated and demodulated waveform to the theoretical ones, which showed right design. This full-digital model based on FPGA shortens the design cycle than traditional circuit design but obtain higher reliability.


Objective: Describe the process and implications of novel implementation of direct EMR pupilometer interface Background: We routinely check pupils in the ICU. Studies have demonstrated the improved accuracy of the NeurOptics® Pupillometer compared to visual inspection with a penlight. Barriers to widespread use include availability and labor intensity needed to input the information to the EMR. We describe the process that we have taken to directly download the information from the pupilometer to the EMR and its downstream impact on nursing workflow and satisfaction. Design/Methods: Previous studies show lack of Pupilometer measurements due to time/effort necessary to input the data into the EMR. In conjunction with our informatics team we developed an interface allowing direct download of data from the pupilometer to the EMR. We conducted qualitative and quantitative surveys of nurses before and after implementation of this direct to EMR system regarding level of comfort, time saved and satisfaction. Results: Following 2 years of implementation, the number of pupilometers per unit have increased 6 fold due to demand post EMR. Nursing survey showed agreement of improved work flow and user friendliness. With the introduction of the EMR, the total time it takes to assess a patient's pupil with EMR was significantly reduced by 2.5 hrs. 4 to 5/5 satisfaction rating improved from 66% to 88% post EMR. Conclusions: Implementation of a direct interface to download pupilometer data to the EMR improves ICU workflow and improves documentation of pupillary findings and changes. There are downstream implications for effective in decision making and possible improved patient outcomes with improved utilization. This study highlights the importance of EMR integration in novel neuroICU technology. Disclosure: Dr. Chen has nothing to disclose. Dr. Tran has nothing to disclose. Dr. Chen has nothing to disclose.


PURPOSE: A method and a device for presenting location information on an augmented reality are provided to easily recognize virtual object of all directions which are searched during augmenter reality searching by a user. CONSTITUTION: A device obtains the location and direction of a user(S81). The device determines whether virtual objects of searched neighbor information are displayed on some area among the front area and the neighboring area of the augmented reality layer(S82). The device respectively maps the virtual objects in the neighboring area(S83). The device generates the augmented reality screen by synthesizing the augmented reality layer and a real world screen(S84).


In most general purpose computer systems there is a wide varietyof software available to users. Such software is usually providedin one of three organisational forms - routines in a library;collections of related functions grouped in a package with a commoninterface; independent programs called through operating systemcommands. This interdependent tripartite structure creates problemsfor non-sophisticated users as it involves different levels of userinterface complexity.At the routine level a user must writeprograms in an appropriate host programming language to use thesoftware. If he wishes to use a selection of routines written inincompatible languages then he may have to familiarise himself withmore than one host language. In each language he must be aware ofthe calling conventions for routines, the possible representationsof various types of data, the methods of passing parameters and theways of inputting and outputting data to and from the externalenvironment. This type of interface occurs with libraries like NAGand IMSL.
In the case of packages the imperative user interface is usuallysomewhat simpler, consisting essentially of a name identifying thefunction required and some associated parameters which identifyvariables, labels, files, options, control and code values, etc asappropriate. However, function calls of this form must normally bepreceded by a non-trivial amount of declarative and other "redtape" information expressed in the package interface language.Also, package environments can be restrictive in that the user isconstrained to the types of data structure and analysis supportedby the chosen package unless he is prepared to write programs totransform his data for other packages or to analyse itindependently. SPSS is typical of this kind of package.
When software facilities are provided at the program level, theuser interface often consists simply of one-line program invocationcommands written in the local operating system's command language,with program options and data files identified by commandparameters. Common examples of such facilities are sort andarchiving programs. A program level interface becomes even simpler,and at the same time more powerful, if command sequences can beformed into parameterised command procedures and if programs areenabled to conmlunicate directly with one another without the needfor explicit intermediate files.
In the latter type of environment the application software usergenerally finds that there are analytic program tools available tomeet only some of his requirements. Consequently he has to embraceeither or both of the other levels in addition in order to increasethe analytic power available to him. Transfer between levels is noteasily accomplished in most systems as facilities do not normallyexist to help the user move data between levels. This difficultycomes on top of the obvious problem of having to master more thanone interface and more than one level of complexity.
In the SENSE project (11), which is funded by the U.K. SocialScience Research Council, we are creating a prototype computingenvironment for social science researchers which can accommodatenon-sophisticated users. The aim is to provide an integratedenvironment where such users will have a complete range ofapplication software available (packages, routines and programs)through a single, simple user interface. We believe that this canbe achieved by exploiting and extending the concept of softwaretools propounded by Kernighan and Plauger (19), so that as far aspossible all software can be used through a program levelinterface, with its attendant advantages. Following Kernighan andPlauger we believe that software tools "can be used to create acomfortable and effective interface to existing programs", as wellas providing an ideal model for the structuring of brand newapplication software. This paper will consider various aspects ofthe initial design of the SENSE software environment withparticular reference to the importance of software tools in thatdesign.


This paper describes the Multiplexed Binary Offset Carrier (MBOC) spreading modulation that has been recommended by the GPS-GALILEO Working Group on Interoperability and Compatibility. The MBOC(6,1,1/11) power spectral density is a mixture of BOC(1,1) spectrum and BOC(6,1) spectrum, that would be used by GALILEO for its Open Service (OS) signal at L1 frequency, and also by GPS for its modernized L1 Civil (L1C) signal. A number of different time waveforms can produce the MBOC(6,1,1/11) spectrum, allowing flexibility in implementation, although interoperable waveforms remains an objective for GALILEO and GPS. The time-multiplexed BOC (TMBOC) implementation interlaces BOC(6,1) and BOC(1,1) spreading symbols in a regular pattern, whereas composite BOC (CBOC) uses multilevel spreading symbols formed from the weighted sum of BOC(1,1) and BOC(6,1) spreading symbols, interplexed to form a constant modulus composite signal. This paper provides information on the history, motivation, and construction of MBOC signals. It then shows various performance characteristics, and summarizes their status in GALILEO and GPS signal design.


This investigation presents a computational and experimental study of the flow characteristics of a laboratory scale CFB cold model riser. i) The first part of the work deals with 2D, CFD validation of a literature based CFB riser of circular cross section of 1m height. Simulation results showed good agreement with experimental literature data for radial profiles of volume fraction and particle velocity. ii) The second part is a work on simulation and experimental verification of a CFB riser flow characteristics of a CFB riser of rectangular cross section (400mm x 550mm x2000mm). An experimental run on the test rig was conducted for sand of 300 micron size at a fluidization velocity of 4 m/s and the fluidization behavior was captured on a high speed camera. For simulation, 3D, transient, Euler-ian approach combined with the Kinetic theory of Granular flow and Gidaspow drag model was used to describe the gas–particle behavior. A frame by frame visual comparison of instantaneous volume fraction distribution was made between camera images and 3D simulated profiles. A further graphical comparison between experimental literature data and simulated 3D profiles of volume fraction and particle velocity profiles yielded fairly good results. It was observed that, in spite of non inclusion of turbulence factor in the current 3D simulation, no significant influence was observed in the results


Baseline data on susceptibility of Aedes aegypti to organophosphates detected alterations in cities of the state of S. Paulo, Brazil


Tibraca limbativentris is a major stink bug pest in paddies of the Neotropics. In Argentina, its populations overwinter in twelve host‐plant species that occur inside rice fields. However, it's unknown if there are local scale variations in the abundance of T. limbativentris. Likewise, the role of host‐plant community composition (HpCC) as a factor involved in the winter host‐plant selection by the insects is poorly understood. The aims of this work were (a) to assess variations at local scale on the abundance of T. limbativentris in the context of winter HpCC and incidence of entomopathogenic fungi (EPFs) and (b) to assess the abundance of T. limbativentris considering the relationship between the height of plants of rice cultivars present in target sites during summer, and the height of the hosts selected by T. limbativentris during winter in grassland adjoining rice plots. Sampling was carried out during summer–winter in different commercial rice fields, to assess winter abundance of T. limbativentris, HpCC in grasslands adjacent to rice plots and incidence of EPFs. Height measurements of winter hosts and summer rice plants in target plots were taken. Our results show that HpCC differed at the local scale, with significant differences in stink bug abundance between winter hosts in each site. Also, we found differences in the action of EPFs species recorded on the insects and variations in plant height between host species. A positive correlation was obtained between the height of the different rice cultivars used during spring–summer in target sites and the height of the hosts selected by T. limbativentris near to these plots during winter. This shows that the height of the rice cultivar could be a factor related to the local selection of winter hosts by T. limbativentris. These results serve as a framework for future research, contributing to integrated pest management for target sites.


Rusty grain beetle, Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens), populations in bins (58 cm diameter, 168 cm high) holding 322-kg bulks of wheat were controlled in 4-6 wk at 25 ± 3°C when carbon dioxide (CO2) levels were about 20% and oxygen (O2) levels were between 5 and 10%. At temperatures declining from 21 to 7°C, 99.6% of C. ferrugineus populations were killed in 12 wk when carbon dioxide levels gradually fell from 20 to 9% and oxygen levels rose from 16 to 19.5%. Gas levels, temperature, grain moisture content, C. ferrugineus adult and larval numbers, seed germination, and seed infection by Aspergillus glaucus group and Penicillium spp. fungi were monitored for 12 wk in two experiments at either 25°C or <21°C. In the first experiment at 25°C, unsealed control bins; sealed storage bins; and sealed treatment bins with 20, 30, and 45% CO2, respectively, were used. Temperature.(higher at the top of the grain mass), carbon dioxide (lower at the top), oxygen, moisture (higher at the top), germination (lower at the top), and numbers of C. ferrugineus adults (lower at the top) and larvae (higher at the top, except at 30 and 45% CO2) were significantly different at different levels throughout the 163-cm columns of wheat. In the second experiment at 21 to 7°C, carbon dioxide and oxygen levels were similar throughout the columns of grain in unsealed control and sealed bins. In 10 and 20% CO2 treatments, carbon dioxide levels were 2-3% higher in bottom than top samples. All variables except moisture were significantly different at different storage times in both experiments. All variables except Penicillium infection and moisture content in the warm grain or seed germination in the cool grain were different among treatments.


The paper studies the matters of designing an ultrasonic oscillatory system taking into account the peculiarities of the impact on the gas environment. Calculations of the elements of an ultrasonic oscillatory system are presented. The types of membrane emitters for influencing the saturating medium during gas nitriding are analyzed.


The use of solid state power conversion equipment and other power electronic devices has increased. These devices also produce harmonics which distort the quality RF power supply. This is a concern to the power engineers and utility. Railways are one of the main utilities which use power electronic devices such as thyristor controlled equipment for its traction. This paper gives the results of measurement carried out by CPRI at various traction load feeding substations. The methodology adopted to carry out the measurements is also given.


We propose a Bayesian tensor regression model to accommodate the effect of multiple factors on phenotype prediction. We adopt a set of prior distributions that resolve identifiability issues that may arise between the parameters in the model. Simulation experiments show that our method out-performs previous related models and machine learning algorithms under different sample sizes and degrees of complexity. We further explore the applicability of our model by analysing real-world data related to wheat production across Ireland from 2010 to 2019. Our model performs competitively and overcomes key limitations found in other analogous approaches. Finally, we adapt a set of visualisations for the posterior distribution of the tensor effects that facilitate the identification of optimal interactions between the tensor variables whilst accounting for the uncertainty in the posterior distribution.


Seed production fields of soybean ( Glycine max L. Merrill) are subject to various factors that influence the final seed quality but which do not always act uniformly. The objective of the present study was to determine the spatial variability of the productivity and quality of soybean seeds in a production field using precision farming. Seeds were collected following a grid of one point per hectare, georeferenced, with four sub-samples, totaling a harvested area of 16 m 2 per point, which were used to estimate productivity after being weighed. Seed sizes were determined by the retention test in sieve sizes of 5.5, 6.5 and 7.5 mm and seed physiological


This study combines the finite element approach and the spectral analysis of Fourier's function, to investigate the eastern Cameroon and western Central African Republic. In this area, the signature of the gravity anomalies seems to correspond to the transition zone between the Congo Craton and the Panafrican Mobile Belt. Thus, a gravity interpretation based on the data obtained from four N-S profiles on the residual map is carried out using a 2.5D model. The residual anomaly map is obtained by using the finite element method (FEM) for data filtering. Spectral analysis is used to estimate the depth of the sources responsible of the observed anomalies. Our results demonstrated that the observed gravity anomalies in the region are associated with tectonic subsurface structures. This study suggests that the transition area, which comprises the northern margin of the Congo Craton (CC) and the southern border of the Mobile Zone of Central Africa (MZCA) known as the Pan-African Belt (area covering the geological Congo Craton limit (GCCL)), is a product of convergent collision. This collision has caused considerable overthrusting of the Pan-African Belt (PAB) units onto the Congo Craton. The models suggest the intrusion of magmatic rocks during the continental collision, which were later metamorphosed into granulites along and around the northern margin of the Congo Craton. The presence of deep granulite structures in the northern margin of the CC expresses a continental collision. Some sediment formations appear in the Central African Republic with variable thicknesses. The granulites (deeper parts of PAB) observed might come from the uprising of some materials of the upper mantle probably during the opening of the Atlantic Ocean. The probable geophysical limit of the CC in the upper crust is suggested on this study.


This article deals with ICT security and particularly the Denial of Service (DoS) executed on the application layer. The main objective of the article is to describe the original algorithm designed for timely detection of DoS application attacks and, subsequently, on the results of experimental verification of the designed process. This algorithm is focused on the detection of HTTP GET Flood attack, which will cause a crash of the attacked server. Appropriate detection of attack from the analysis of incoming traffic is able to prevent a crash of server from happening. To detect such an attack, an original algorithm designed by our team was used.


In this paper, we study the stability of a fluid queue with an infinitecapacity buffer. The input and service rates are governed by a stochastic process, called the environment process, and are allowed to depend on the fluid level in the buffer. The variability of the traffic is modeled by a Brownian motion and a local variance function, which also depends on the fluid level in the buffer. The behavior of this second-order fluid flow model is described by a reflected stochastic differential equation, and, under stationarity and ergodicity assumptions on the environment process, we obtain stability conditions for this general fluid queue.


Tatiana Ruchinskaya's second paper in this series highlights the continuity and evolution of Moscow Gothic revivals and the numerous ways in which English Gothic prototypes were assimilated into Russian architecture.


We observe that Hall's free projective extension $P \mapsto F(P)$ of partial planes is a Borel map, and use a modification of the construction introduced in [9] to conclude that the class of countable non-Desarguesian projective planes is Borel complete. In the process, we also rediscover the main result of [7] on the realizability of every group as the group of collineations of some projective plane. Finally, we use classical results of projective geometry to prove that the class of countable Pappian projective planes is Borel complete.


A series of racemic biphenyl- or binaphthyl-based aminophenols were treated with 1 equiv. of Mg[N(SiMe3)2]2 or Zn[N(SiMe3)2]2 to provide eight heteroleptic magnesium and zinc silylamido complexes (Mg, 1a–5a; Zn, 1b, 3b, 5b). Single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies on typical magnesium complex 5a and zinc complexes 1b, 3b, and 5b showed a tridentate chelating mode of the ligand and a distorted tetrahedral geometry around the metal center. All of these complexes proved to be efficient initiators for the ring-opening polymerization of rac-lactide in toluene and THF. Microstructure analysis of the resultant poly(rac-lactide) samples by homonuclear-decoupled 1H NMR spectroscopy revealed heterotacticities ranging from 0.45 to 0.69. These complexes were also applied as initiators in the polymerization of racemic α-methyltrimethylene carbonate in toluene and exhibited moderate to high regioselectivities; the most regioregular polymer was obtained with magnesium complex 4a (Xreg = 0.93).


This paper proposes a novel improved median filter algorithm for the images highly corrupted with salt-and-pepper noise. Firstly all the pixels are classified into signal pixels and noisy pixels by using the Max-Min noise detector. The noisy pixels are then separated into three classes, which are low-density, moderate-density, and high-density noises, based on the local statistic information. Finally the weighted 8-neighborhood similarity function filter, the 5×5 median filter and the 4-neighborhood mean filter are adopted to remove the noises for the low, moderate and high level cases, respectively. In experiment, the proposed algorithm is compared with three typical methods, named Standard Median filter, Extremum Median filter and Adaptive Median filter, respectively. The validation results show that the proposed algorithm has better performance for capabilities of noise removal, adaptivity, and detail preservation, especially effective for the cases when the images are extremely highly corrupted.


An investigation of Calcium Silicate Hydrate (C–S–H) topological distribution and modes of precipitation is performed by combining X-ray powder diffraction tomography, performed on an ordinary Portland cement sample, with a numerical scheme that simulates C–S–H precipitation. C–S–H distribution maps obtained both experimentally and numerically are analyzed by means of a quantitative method based on the principles of multifractal systems. The combination of these methods allows C–S–H spatial distribution and modes of precipitation and aggregation to be assessed quantitatively. In particular, the multifractal spectra obtained from the digital images of the cement paste microstructure, act as a structural probe, which is able to quantify the tendency of C–S–H to form clusters. The results of this combined approach suggest that a multifractal network forms by aggregation of C–S–H clusters heterogeneously nucleated on clinker grains and preexisting clusters that are partly homogeneously nucleated in the porous space.


The correlation between the plasma concentration of quinine and doxycycline and of mefloquine with the parasitological answer was monitored by 28 days in thirty patients with malaria by Plasmodium falciparum in the State of the Amapá. In the group (A) twelve patient received the oral scheme of quinine (3 days) + doxycycline (5 days), and in the group (B) eighteen patients received mefloquine oral unique dose (1o day). In the group (A) four sick (33,3%) presented Plasmodium resistant of the type RI, and (66,7%) were sensible (S). On average of the plasma concentration of the quinine in D1, D3 and D5 was of 2,5750μg/mL, 2,3334μg/mL and 0,532μg/mL for the (S) and of 2,4667μg/mL, 2,1784μg/mL and 0,450μg/mL for the (RI), had not difference statistical significant between those concentrations. In the group (B), patients 100% presented sensible Plasmodium. The average of the concentration plasma of the mefloquine was: D0 (0μg/mL), D1 (0,709μg/mL), D3 (0,543 μg/mL), D5 (0,361 μg/mL), D7 (0,187 μg/mL), D14 (0,125 μg/mL), D21 (0,046 μg/mL) and D28 (0μg/mL). The correlation between parasitological answer and the plasma concentration of quinine + doxicyclyne was of 94,23% for the (S) and of 76,70% for the (RI), the quinine and doxycycline adequately was absorption so much for the (S), as well as, for the (RI), therefore, was not to bad absorption of the drug the cause of the recrudescence. The results suggest that there was resistance of the P. falciparum to the administered treatment. For the patients that received mefloquine the correlation was of 91,82%, having the absorption and maintenance of the drug concentration during the period of necessary time for complete elimination of the parasites.


Relations between religious organizations and groups with society and state and their regulation are among the most pressing issues in modern society. Radicalism that is traditionally inherent in several religious groups enforced by global geopolitical problems, make politicians and scientists to for new effective models of interaction between the state, society and religious organizations. Here we consider the models of such cooperation and interaction proposed by modern neo-thomism and especially one of its foundеrs prominent philosopher of law J. Maritain.


A new critical edition of a collection of nearly one hundred Latin prayers connected with Gertrude of Poland (ca 1025-1108), Polish princess, wife of Izaslav of Kiev, has revived an interest in this exceptional example of literature and religiousness o f the eleventh century. The multiplicity of issues connected with the prayer book requires further consideration. An example might be the iconographic concord of prayers both with the accompanying miniatures and the works of art, which Gertrude encountered in the west as well as in the east -from Rhineland, where she was educated to Ruthenia, where she stayed longest. The paper examines the issue in relation to the Marian subject matter. A problem that has not as yet been touched upon is the history o f the prayers in the centuries that followed, as a singular example from the 15th century regarding one such prayer reveals. The prayers are mostly theocentric and Christocentric in character, but in many of them the intercessive role of St. Mary is evoked. In Ruthenia Gertrude was exposed to representations of the Deesis type, characteristic of eastern Christianity. From the prince's box in St. Sophia's Cathedral in Kiev she saw them in a form of three tondi, situated on the arch encasing the central apse, while in the apse itself was a monumental depiction of St. Mary-Oranta, eternal and omnipotent advocate in heaven, referred to in prayers as "oratrix celorum". Of the four prayers directed exclusively to Mary two are laudatory and supplicatory and the other two just laudatory. The latter are characterized by a sophisticated literary form, division into phrases, employment of internal and external rhymes and a number of rhetorical figures (alliteration, oxymorons). A solar epithet appears here among others ("sola pulcherrima super solem"). A lot of Marian epithets, such as the Mother of God, Our Lady and the Queen of the whole world ("Dei genitrix", "domina et regina totius orbis") find their equivalent in one of the five miniatures. In prayer no. 86 the praise refers not only to the significance of St. Mary as the Mother of God, but to her purely feminine and maternal functions and her role of a participant and witness to the life and passion of Christ. They find their equivalents in Marian and Christological artistic series of the time. One of them is a series of scenes on the wooden door of the church Sankta Maria im Kapitol in Cologne, made ca 1050. The church was rebuilt by abbotess Ida, one of Gertrude's aunts, who also funded the door. In this church Gertrude's mother, Richeza, was buried. Gertrude could see the door during her stay in Rhineland in the years 1075-1076. A number o f depictions are included in miniatures in the manuscripts from the Ottonian epoch, e.g. a Scripture-Book of abbotess Hitda of Meschede from ca 1020, with an Annunciation scene. Gertrude knew a different presentation o f this scene from monumental mosaics in Kiev. The maternity o f St. Mary was presented in many different types of the Nativity. An exceptionally extended depiction in the eastern spirit, including a reference to apocryphal texts, is shown in one o f the Codex' miniatures. Prayer no. 86 in its Polish, slightly transformed version appeared after several centuries in the so-called Nawojka's Prayer Book, which most probably belonged to Natalia Bninska, nee Koniecpolska (ca 1463-1531) in a manuscript from the end of the 15th century. The manuscript was lost and today is known from a copy made in the first half of the 19th century, including a copy of the old silver cover - a box from the 17th century. According to the inscription on the box it was supposed to be St. Jadwiga, Duchess of Silesia's (ca 1178-1243) collection of prayers; a tradition which was immediately questioned. It seems, however, to possess a grain of truth. Gertrude's Codex, having changed hands many a time, was presented to the chapter o f the Cividale del Friuli Cathedral in 1229, where it has been kept since. It was presented by St. Elizabeth, Princess o f Thuringia at the instigation of her uncle Berthold, patriarch o f Aquilea. Elizabeth was Jadwiga of Silesia's niece and Berthold was her brother. If the prayer had not been copied at the time when Gertrude's Codex was in Cracow (and it was there as many as three times), then it could have been Jadwiga's relatives who had it copied. At an unspecified time it was translated from Latin into Polish for Jadwiga or for the next generations of women in Poland and the translation was transformed until the 15th century version was reached.


The mammal fauna of Middle Amur River region counts up to 76 species. About one half of the species are situated close to their ranges' borders or have those borders right in this region, and the majority of these species are rare. This fact is the reason for including them in the Red Data Books both of regional and state level. The significant part of species on their ranges' perifery is considered a specific feature of Middle Amur River region fauna that is regarded as mixed and transient between boreal and nemoral fauna with considerable influence of steppe in the south.


Background: Bacteria play a role in inflammatory bowel disease and other forms of intestinal inflammation. Although much attention has focused on the search for a pathogen or inciting inflammatory bacteria, another possibility is a lack of beneficial bacteria that normally confer anti‐inflammatory properties in the gut. The purpose of this study was to determine whether normal commensal bacteria could inhibit inflammatory pathways important in intestinal inflammation. Methods: Conditioned media from Lactobacillus plantarum (Lp‐CM) and other gut bacteria was used to treat intestinal epithelial cell (YAMC) and macrophage (RAW 264.7) or primary culture murine dendritic cells. NF‐&kgr;B was activated through TNF‐Receptor, MyD88‐dependent and ‐independent pathways and effects of Lp‐CM on the NF‐&kgr;B pathway were assessed. NF‐&kgr;B binding activity was measured using ELISA and EMSA. 1&kgr;B expression was assessed by Western blot analysis, and proteasome activity determined using fluorescence‐based proteasome assays. MCP‐1 release was determined by ELISA. Results: Lp‐CM inhibited NF‐&kgr;B binding activity, degradation of I&kgr;B&agr; and the chymotrypsin‐like activity of the proteasome. Moreover, Lp‐CM directly inhibited the activity of purified mouse proteasomes. This effect was specific, since conditioned media from other bacteria had no inhibitory effect. Unlike other proteasome inhibitors, Lp‐CM was not toxic in cell death assays. Lp‐CM inhibited MCP‐1 release in all cell types tested. Conclusions: These studies confirm, and provide a mechanism for, the anti‐inflammatory effects of the probiotic and commensal bacterium Lactobacillus plantarum. The use of bacteria‐free Lp‐CM provides a novel strategy for treatment of intestinal inflammation which would eliminate the risk of bacteremia reported with conventional probiotics. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2009


Large-scale metagenomic and data mining efforts have uncovered an expansive diversity of bacteriophages (phages) within the human gut1–3. These insights include broader phage populational dynamics such as temporal stability4, interindividual uniqueness5,6 and potential associations to specific disease states7,8. However, the functional understanding of phage-host interactions and their impacts within this complex ecosystem have been limited due to a lack of cultured isolates for experimental validation. Here we characterise 125 active prophages originating from 252 diverse human gut bacterial isolates using seven different induction conditions to substantially expand the experimentally validated temperate phage-host pairs originating from the human gut. Importantly, only 17% of computationally predicted prophages were induced with common induction agents and these exhibited distinct gene patterns compared to non-induced predictions. Active Bacteroidota prophages were among the most prevalent members of the gut virome, with extensive use of diversity generating retroelements and exhibiting broad host ranges. Moreover, active polylysogeny was present in 52% of studied gut lysogens and led to coordinated prophage induction across diverse conditions. This study represents a substantial expansion of experimentally validated gut prophages, providing key insights into their diversity and genetics, including a genetic pathway for prophage domestication and demonstration that differential induction was complex and influenced by divergent prophage integration sites. More broadly, it highlights the importance of experimental validation alongside genomic based computational prediction to enable further functional understanding of these commensal viruses within the human gut.


The aim of this study was to research the characteristics of science teachers' thinking related to dissolution and diffusion. For this study, five science teachers who majored in chemistry or chemistry education were selected and interviewed. These teachers have been teaching on average for 2∼6 years. From the study, it was discovered that the science teachers didn't recognize the necessity of sorting out diffusion from dissolution. The teachers divided in various mixing phenomena with diverse criteria. The science teachers had difficulty in sorting out diffusion from dissolution based on solubility and Gibbs' energy. The teachers didn't see the linkage between the contents that were divided into chapters, and didn't find omitted contents themselves in the chapters that introduced applicable principles. During the interviews, the teachers felt the need to understand the principles for understanding phenomena. But they did not have the ability to teach these principles after learning about the principles themselves. Therefore, it is necessary to develop teacher education programs, as well as a science curriculum, that helps in linking the knowledge between natural phenomena and principles.


The head-teacher plays an important role in the education and management of students. The effective work of the head-teacher facilitates to a large extent the full development of students in morality, intellectual competence and so on.


Producing highly efficient electric motors remains a challenge nowadays. Given that the legislation in the field requires the transition to the production of engines with increased efficiency, for manufacturing companies, switching from one generation of engines to another can be a difficult task. This paper analyzes ways to adapt the assembly of engines of the IE4 generation starting from the assembly lines of the engines of the previous generation, IE3. The analysis of the assembly process covers both the operator training part and the actual assembly part. Ten possible variants for the assembly line and specific decisional variables have been defined. The decision to choose the optimal assembly configuration was made using as management tools the matrix of consequences and utilities. The validation of the theoretical model of the assembly line was carried out through a case study built for two classes of electric motors, namely G90 and G180. For a total production of IE4 electric motors of 20,000 parts/month, the analyzed variants, respectively, the two sizes (G90 and G100) represent 35% (7000 parts/month) of the G90 size and 22% (4400 parts/month) the G100 size. The aim is to provide a new modular assembly concept, which depending on the orders, can use, as given in the conclusion of this article.


The combustion performance and flue gas flow pattern of hot blast stoves significantly affect the temperature distribution of the combustion chamber and regenerator, as well as the air supply temperature and duration. In this study, a 3D fluid flow heat transfer model coupled with turbulence, combustion, heat radiation, and heat exchange models is established to study the combustion and air supply characteristics of a traditional hot blast stove. The results indicate that the nozzle arrangement on the traditional stove causes the flue gas to exhibit a high‐speed swirling flow. Due to the expansion of the flue gas and the centrifugal effect of the swirling flow, the "attachment" phenomenon of the fluid (i.e., a high edge velocity and a low center velocity) occurs in the combustion chamber, resulting in an unreasonable temperature distribution in the combustion chamber and regenerator. Accordingly, an improved design of a top combustion hot blast stove is proposed to solve this problem, and its performance is evaluated and compared with that of the original design via numerical simulations.


In recent years, cloud computing has developed rapidly due to its service-oriented resource delivery mode and dynamic and extensible resource scheduling capability. The combination of cloud computing and online teaching, especially practical teaching, will bring opportunities to solve the problems encountered in the current teaching practice. This paper mainly studies the application of cloud computing based network course platform in physical education teaching. This paper designs and implements an online teaching practice platform based on cloud computing technology. With the help of the open API of cloud platform, the integration between online teaching practice platform and cloud platform is realized. Based on the virtualized resources provided by the underlying cloud platform, the practical resources needed for practical courses are provided. Highly flexible virtualized resources can improve the updating efficiency of teaching resources. Cloud platform "a little deployment, use everywhere" features can improve the utilization rate of teaching resources; Introduce learning resources based on the requirements of students' school, grade and major to enrich the learning content.


Examines the status of regulation and protection of whistleblowers in Australia, focusing on intermediaries and their advisers in financial services. Outlines the ambivalence of the legal system as far as whistleblowers are concerned, and the considerable risks they take, with examples of victims; case law is scanty. Points out the limited nature of protection in specific legislation, which is limited to four states and the ACT; but finds some protection in financial services legislation, including the Corporations Act 2001, the Financial Transactions Reports Act 1988, the Proceeds of Crime Act 1987, and the Trade Practices Act 1974. Makes some recommendations for encouraging continued whistling in the interests of an informed market for financial services, and cites UK and US legislation for comparison.


In this paper actuator fault diagnosis problem in active vehicle suspension system is investigated. Full car model is used in the study. A fault diagnosis approach based on Unknown input observer (UIO) is used for detection of actuator faults. A bank of observers is used to design a fault isolation scheme for actuator faults.


Adenosine is an important endogenous purine nucleoside and an essential component of the molecular energy generated from adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP). It acts as both a precursor and metabolite of adenine nucleotides. As every cell utilizes the energy generated from catabolism of ATP, adenosine is found ubiquitously in the body. It is also a signaling molecule in the cardiovascular system, and its role for cardioprotection and cardiovascular homeostasis has been studied for over 80 years [1-3]. Adenosine is also known as a "homeostatic metabolite in cardiac energy metabolism" [4] owing to its wide range of beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system [5] which include negative chronotropic and dromotropic effect in cardiac tissue, vasodilatation, inhibition of platelet aggregation, modulation of vascular smooth muscles and endothelium and induction of ischemic preconditioning [6]. Adenosine modulates these actions by interacting with adenosine receptors (AR), which are widely distributed throughout the body. It is believed that metabolic condition of the myocardium may be assessed quantitatively by the level of adenosine production which maintains a healthy balance between energy supply and demand in the cardiovascular system [7].


Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL) is developing superconducting RF cavities for a future high-energy electron-positron linear collider as the next international, large-scale high energy physics discovery machine. Recently FNAL and the Northwestern University Center for Atom-Probe Tomography (NUCAPT), Evanston, Illinois, have joined forces to investigate the properties of the high purity niobium used for cavity fabrication. NUCAPT is among the world leaders in the field of threedimensional atom-probe tomography, particularly as result of the recent installation of a local-electrode atom-probe (LEAP) tomograph, manufactured by Imago Scientific Instruments (http://www.imago.com). Atomic-probe tomography consists of dissecting a specimen on an atom-byatom basis, employing pulsed field-evaporation, and determining the chemical identity of each fieldevaporated atom by time-of-flight mass spectrometry, with single atom identification capability, using a 2D position sensitive delay line detector, which yields the position of each atom in a specimen with sub-nanoscale resolution. Analysis rates of upwards of 72 million atoms hr have been achieved employing a LEAP tomograph at Northwestern. The collected data is used to reconstruct a specimen in three-dimensions, where the chemical identity of each atom is known. The collaboration between FNAL and NUCAPT will produce spectacular results with lasting impact and advance strongly the understanding of the surface chemistry in state-of-the-art high purity niobium for superconducting RF cavities.


CASE DESCRIPTION The primary subject matter of this case concerns the international public birth and development of a pioneering Internet firm with a short existence before its slow but positive growth in a market dominated by large multinational firms which also made it the prime target for takeover and purchase. The issue of valuation of the firm's initial public offering shares is the central focus for the case evaluator and student. How should the stock market value a firm whose major competitors are virtual giants in the Internet world and specifically, the multinational dot.com world? The case has a difficulty level of five, appropriate for first year graduate level. The case has both current and historical applicability for MBA students concentrating in corporate finance, international financial management, or multinational corporate entrepreneurial relations and serves as a pedagogically sound tool for applied valuation of shares for multinational high-tech firms. The case is designed to be taught in three class hours and is expected to require 6-8 hours of outside preparation by students. CASE SYNOPSIS This case affords students an opportunity--from both a strategic and financial point of view--to evaluate the decision made by Novaco to go public while simultaneously assisting the fledgling firm to decide from an international perspective the best alternative approach of market survival. The appraisal hinges on the analysis of two kinds of restructuring: 1) the restructuring of other major players in the industry (Microsoft, HP and others) and the forces that motivate it and 2) the restructuring of a single firm's residual-ownership interest or equity restructuring of a new firm in a potentially saturated industry whose primary product was simply known as the Internet which is widely known and accepted now. Of primary concern throughout is why firms go public domestically and internationally and how the offering price can be estimated and evaluated, especially when the forces of international markets are involved. Further, a peripheral issue is the impact of capital restructuring--the design of the firm's debt and equity claims with an emphasis on changes in and additions to its clientele and investors, the allocation and determination of its asset value, and the real potential for failure in new markets, especially international ones, by firms with limited operating history. All data elements and statements were derived from public Internet data and public financial data, and Novaco represents a fictitious firm, although its financials may resemble others in the industry. No private or insider information was provided or extracted from company files or other such cases. INSTRUCTORS' NOTES PROBLEM STATEMENT J. P. Morgan Chase Inc. and Wachovia Securities, Inc. are the underwriters for the IPO of Novaco Corporation, who want to issue 5,000,000 shares of common stock to finance its future growth and financial needs. The company has granted the underwriters the option of purchasing up to 750,000 additional shares from the firm to cover over-allotments, should they occur. In light of the foregoing, the case reviewer is being asked to assess the corporate value of Novaco and determine the appropriate offering price for the issue and also determine whether or not the firms and private investors should exercise the option to buy the shares offered. Finally, and more importantly, determine a clearing price for the firm's shares based on one of many IPO valuation methods, specifically from an international perspective, with consideration of the strategic and financial needs of a multinational firm. ALTERNATIVE SOLUTIONS Book Value Method Determine the firm's book value and use that value as a basis for determination of a fair market (offering) price for the firm's initial shares. Price-to-Earnings Method Compute the firm's estimated price-to-earnings rate times its estimated EPS and use the figure to determine the IPO price as an acceptable valuation method for price determination, Free Cash Flow Analysis Analyze the firm's projected discounted cash flows as a valuation methodology and determinant of the firm's current market value and an appropriate market clearing price. …


Background: There is a lack of prospective studies with popliteal aneurysms (PAA) < 2 cm and the very few information about the natural cause of the disease. Patients and methods: Between 1995 and 2000 46 patients having 65 popliteal artery aneurysms have been examined. The mean diameter was 1.9 cm (0.8–4 cm). In 41% of the cases PAA were bilateral, additional extrapopliteal aneurysms were found in 37%. The PAA was occluded in 8 patients at the initial examination (mean diameter 2.4 cm: 1.4–4 cm). One of these patients had to be amputated (long-term diabetes, dialysis and severe generalized peripheral arteriosclerosis). Since no information could be obtained from two patients, it was possible to prospectively monitor 36 patients with 46 PAA (30 m, 6 f) over a period of 2.5 years. 19 patients were treated with platelet inhibitors, 16 with coumarin and one refused any thromboembolic prophylaxis. The patients were examinated every year by telefone interview and duplexsonography. Results: During the monitorin...


The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of residents` perceptions of tourism impact and conflicts on residents` participation in rural...


In our 2010 Pugwash discussion paper we suggested that whilst States Parties agree on the need to do something in relation to S&T reviews, there was less clarity on exactly what was required to enhance the examination of science and technology under the BWC. This paper draws on the data collected as part of a Harvard Sussex Program (HSP) led project on examining the role of science and technology reviews in the BWC and will provide an overview of some of our key findings.2


A novel vision-based approach for indoor/outdoor mutual localization on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) with low computational requirements and without external infrastructure is proposed in this paper. The proposed solution exploits the low natural emissions in the near-Ultra- Violet (UV) spectrum to avoid major drawbacks of the visible spec-trum.Such approach provides much better reliability while being less computationally intensive. Working in near-UV requires active markers, which can be leveraged by enriching the information content through blinking patterns encoded marker-ID. In order to track the markers motion and identify their blinking frequency, we propose an innovative use of three dimensional Hough Transform, applied to stored position-time points. The proposed method was intensively tested onboard multi-UAV systems in real-world scenarios that are very challenging for visible-spectrum methods. The results of our methods in terms of robustness, reliability and precision, as well as the low requirement on the system deployment, predestine this method to be an enabling technology for using swarms of UAVs.


OKT3, a mouse anti‐human CD3 monoclonal antibody (mAb), is a potent immunosuppressive agent used in clinical transplantation to treat allograft rejection. Two major drawbacks of this therapy are the systemic release of several cytokines due to cross‐linking mediated by the mAb between T cells and FcγR‐bearing cells and the human anti‐mouse antibody (HAMA) response. To overcome these side effects, three chimeric OKT3 single chain variable fragment (scFv) IgM antibodies, scOKT3‐γ ΔIgM wt, scOKT3‐γ ΔIgM C575S and scOKT3‐γ ΔIgM VAEVD, were generated. They consist of the light and heavy variable binding domains of OKT3 mAb as well as the CH3 and CH4 domains of different human IgM variants linked with a human IgG3 hinge region to provide more flexibility and stability. Like the native IgM, scOKT3‐γ ΔIgM antibodies are able to form polymeric structures, which lead to an increase in binding affinity and immunosuppressive potential compared with the parental OKT3 mAb. However, independently of their polymerization, all scOKT3‐γ ΔIgM constructs do not induce any significant T cell proliferation or cytokine release (IL‐2, TNF‐α and IFN‐γ) in in vitro assays, while their CD3‐modulating properties are retained. These results suggest that the use of scOKT3‐γ ΔIgM antibodies may offer significant advantages over the OKT3 mAb in improving clinical immunosuppressive treatment.


The lack of flexible verification environments that allow verification components reuse across ASIC design projects keep the verification cost very high. Design engineers have made design reuse central in bringing the design effort's complexity back to a manageable size. To reduce development time and effort, significant design blocks are reused from one project to the next. Considering the fact that verification consumes more resources than design does in a typical design project, it would be of great value to build verification components that are modular and reusable. In this paper, we present a verification methodology that utilizes a bottom-up, functional design verification strategy that encourages building and using modular and reusable verification components. At the core of this approach is a library of components specially designed for re-use. This verification approach is presented in the context of the relatively new IEEE ten Gigabit Ethernet standard (IEEE 802.3ae).


The global business environment is new, complex and not well understood by many of the managers having to "learn by doing." This "on-the-run" learning experience is particularly difficult for female global managers in the South Asian region who may not have the input or support of others as to how to prepare for relocating overseas. The lack of assistance is further exacerbated by the growing importance of large emerging markets. Given limited history with these key emerging markets, some means of accelerating learning and transferring knowledge to the next generation of (global) managers is a necessity. This article examines one means of addressing the need to learn from others more experienced in global business through mentoring. Social comparison theory is used as the theoretical lens by which to examine the mentoring process for global female managers, a type of managerial talent particularly void of organizational structural support. A means for developing a mentoring programme for global female managers is also developed.


In order to give the alternatives of competitive advantages in the coffee shop business, this research studied effects of coffee shop"s culture marketing on brand image and repurchase intention. This study testified those who live in Busan and have visited in coffee shop by using questionnaire from July 9 to July 30. 2012. The data were analyzed by SPSS 18.0 software packages and multiple regression was performed to test hypotheses. Results showed that the culture promotion, culture directing, and culture company positively affected on a coffee shop"s brand image. It was also appeared that the culture promotion, culture support, and culture directing positively affected on the repurchase intention. In addition, brand image of the coffee shop had a positive effect on repurchase intention. This time when the culture marketing becomes a new marketing strategy for companies, many companies should maximize their images, and perform suitable culture marketing tactics.


The development of sensitive and specific analytical methodology for the determination of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) content of aqueous samples is critical to studies defining the discharge, distribution, persistance, and fate of PAHs in the aqueous environment. Multicomponent PAH analytical methods developed in this laboratory for freshwater streams and rivers and their application to samples from the aqueous environment around a coal coking plant are discussed.


Cloud computing means storing and accessing data and programs over the Internet instead of one's personal computer's hard drive. The cloud is an analogy for the Internet. Now a day, it becomes very popular due to new trend and technology. It deals with large amount of data, so, it is necessary to simulate the behavior of cloud in real time environment. For this purpose, the simulation tool such as, cloud-analyst, cloudSim, are commonly used, which has been provided by laboratory CLOUD. The simulator cloud analyst uses different load balancing policy, service broker strategy with different parameters and has used as per requirement. This paper presents an improvement in service broker strategy, which enhances the performance of data center.


The effects of the main parameters including hydrolysis temperature,pH value,hydrolysis time were investigated with single factor experiment and dosage of enzyme,protein concentration were investigated with response surface methodology(RSM).The optimum enzymatic hydrolysis conditions were as follows: the protein substrate with a final concentration of 15.28% was mixed with acid protease with a final concentration of 19766 U per gram of protein at pH 3.0.After incubating at 45 ℃ for 8 h,the degree of hydrolysis was 33.35%,and the recovery of total nitrogen was 80.63%.