In the current globalized era, an increasing number of firms in the services sector require employees to work longer, frequently interact with customers and work across varied time zones. This has resulted in dilation of the boundary between work and family. This review explores the meaning, antecedents, consequences and moderators of work - family balance from conflict as well as enrichment perspectives. Further, the paper discusses the role of turn over intentions which have given mixed results in different settings. The review also focuses on the role of individuals' personality dimensions such as core self evaluation which are yet to gain prominence in work-family studies but are important enough to invite further research. The paper finally suggests the development of an integrated framework to understand the concept of work - family balance.


: Recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage site in 2010, the bazaar ofTabriz is one of the largest brick complexes in the world. In the mid-20th century, the complex came under the management of the Iranian Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism Organization (ICHTO). This article focuses on the rehabilitation of the Kolahduzan Dome in the old fabric bazaar. By the 1970s, the dome was crumbling following decades of neglect. Conservation of the dome began in 1981 under the direction of Reza Memaran Bename Tabrizi, a member of the last generation of local traditional builders. This article delves into the geometrical analysis of the new design and the construction technique adopted by the master builder. The geometrical analysis provides a new perspective on practical geometry in Persian vaulting. It identifies three geometrically different layers: 1. Theoretical geometry, 2. Structural geometry, and 3. Architectural geometry. On-site data collection was performed by the author to record all workable points on the vault. Historical documents have been received from Iran Cultural Heritage Documentation Center.


The entry of Salmonella into the intestinal epithelial cells is essential for its pathogenesis. In the present study, late logarithmic growth (12 h) in Luria Bertani broth supplemented (25, 50, or 100 mM) with acetate, propionate, butyrate, or a mixture of the three short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), influenced the ability of S. typhimurium to associate and invade cultured HEp-2 cells. The response to SCFA addition was dependent on the concentration and the pH of the medium. Cell-association was decreased 4 to 100-fold at pH 6 and 2 to 20-fold at pH 7. At pH 7, invasion was increased 2-fold when bacteria were cultured in the presence of all concentrations of acetate and 25 mM propionate or butyrate; however, a 1.5 to 163-fold decrease in invasion occurred at pH 6 for all SCFA. The SCFA concentration also affected cell-association and invasion of S. typhimurium, especially at pH 6. In general, for each of the SCFA at pH 6 a lower percentage of cell-association and invasion was observed as the SCFA concentration was increased while at pH 7 decreases did not consistently occur as SCFA concentration was increased. These differences among the SCFA along with the pH effects suggest that the concentration of SCFA and the pH of the intestinal lumen may influence the expression of the invasion phenotype of S. typhimurium.


Cellular packet radio networks are presently introduced and further developed to support mobile Multimedia applications and mobile Internet access. The General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) and Enhanced GPRS (EGPRS), the packet services of the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), are dominant standards for packet data support in evolved second-generation cellular systems. This thesis presents traffic engineering concepts for cellular packet radio networks that are applied but not limited to the standards GPRS and EGPRS and can be integrated into the radio interface capacity planning process. They are based on a comprehensive performance evaluation of Internet and Multimedia applications for the relevant cell scenarios, system parameter settings and protocol options that are expected for the evolution of GPRS and EGPRS networks. Additionally, optimized algorithms for traffic management and quality of service management, comprising connection admission control as well as scheduling, are developed. Their performance is evaluated and compared to existing implementations. From the traffic performance analysis, based on the existing and optimized system models, traffic engineering rules are derived. They can be used for quantitative radio interface dimensioning by network operators, equipment vendors or system integrators. Examples for the application of the traffic engineering rules are presented for GPRS evolution scenarios and an EGPRS introduction scenario. While the examples are based on the existing standards GPRS and EGPRS, the concepts developed in this thesis are valid for all packet radio networks. The traffic performance evaluation of mobile packet data services is a complex problem, because non-Poissonian traffic characteristics, dynamic behavior of lower layer protocols and the effects of the radio channel have to be considered. The author has solved this problem by the development of the emulation tool GPRSim. This comprises the implementation of the GPRS and EGPRS protocols and load generators for typical GPRS/EGPRS usage. The tool allows to study the existing and evolved systems in their natural environments with the appropriate radio coverage, mobility and typical traffic volumes and permits to analyze own approaches in the improvements and introduction of new features.


Background To explore the epidemiological characteristics of allergic rhinitis (AR) and allergic conjunctivitis (AC) based on the Internet big data. Methods The Baidu index (BDI) of keywords "allergic rhinitis" and "allergic conjunctivitis" in Mandarin, the daily pollen concentration (PC) released by the Beijing Meteorological Bureau and the volumes of outpatient visits (OV) of the Beijing Tongren Hospital (Beijing) and the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University (Guangzhou) from 2017 to 2020 were obtained. The temporal and spatial changes of AR and AC were discussed. The correlations between BDI and PC/OV were analyzed by Spearman correlation analysis. Results The trends of BDI of "AR"/"AC" in Beijing showed obvious seasonal variations, but not in Guangzhou. The BDI of "AR" and "AC" was consistent with the OV in both cities (r1AR-BJ=0.580, P<0.001; r1AR-GZ=0.360, P=0.031; r1AC-BJ=0.885, P<0.001; r1AC-GZ=0.694, P<0.001). The BDI of "AR" and "AC" was highly consistent with the change of the PC in Beijing (r AR-Pollen=0.826, P<0.001; r AC-Pollen=0.564, P<0.001). The OV of AR in Beijing and Guangzhou decreased significantly in the first half of 2020, but there was no significant change in AC. In the first half of 2020, the OV of AC in Beijing was significantly higher than that of AR, while that of AC in Guangzhou was slightly higher than that of AR. Conclusion The BDI could reflect the real-world situation to some extent and has the potential to predict the epidemiological characteristics of AR and AC. The BDI and OV of AR decreased significantly, but those of AC were still at a high level, during the COVID-19 pandemic, in the environment where most people in Beijing and Guangzhou wore masks without eye protection.


In this paper we employ the theory of partially ordered sets to model and analyze a class of decentralized control problems. We show that posets provide a natural way of modeling problems where communication constraints between subsystems have a hierarchical structure. We show that such problems have appealing algebraic properties that can be exploited to parameterize the set of stabilizing controllers. While much of the paper is devoted to problems where the plant and controller have identical communication constraints, we also generalize our theory to case where they may have different communication constraints.


A methodology for designing an optimum fuzzy tracker is presented. The method uses genetic algorithms and is based upon minimizing a weighted combination of performance criteria. The resulting fuzzy tracker gives a performance that is superior to that of traditional trackers and shows a marked improvement over fuzzy trackers designed without the use of genetic algorithms. An application is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the methodology.


X P E R I M E N T A L results in nuclear physics published since the second report in the present series(') was written (July 1935) can hardly be said to have E contributed any new phenomenon of fundamental importance to the general body of knowledge in this subject. In spite of this, in the year now under review, there has been no slackening in the output of papers describing work in this field. Further and more exact data have been collected in respect of a large number of phenomena, and theorists have had the opportunity, almost for the first time in this domain, of putting various hypotheses to a quantitative test. I n this way discrepancies have been revealed which have suggested the need for a far-reaching revision of viewpoint in some cases. I n particular they have given rise to a new outlook on the problem of intranuclear forces. The suggestions of Bohr in this matter will be noticed in due course. Otherwise, this report, the third dealing with the physics of the atom, will follow closely the plan adopted in the second report.


Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis (TPP) is a rare manifestation of hyperthyroidism. Any form of thyrotoxicosis can cause TPP. Typically TPP presents in Asian males of 20-40 ages. It has a incidence of 1.9% in Japan and 0.01-0.02% in USA. It courses with attacks and remission. Attacks usually occur at night or early morning. Early semptoms are usually pain, cramp and stiffness of the muscles. If respiratory, ocular and bulbar systems are affected, it may lead to lethal consequences. Here we report a patient with thyrotoxic periodic paralysis that was formerly diagnosed with periodic paralysis one year ago. His symptoms were recurring following consumption of chocolate and soft drinks and long-lasting standing. He had a few recurrences due to delay in diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis. After antithyroid treatment there was no attack during patient's follow up.


The article discusses the main peculiarities of making the office memorandum. The authors pay special attention to the research of the main characteristics of the office memorandum in Russian and French.


Entertainment evening party is an important aspect for showing campus culture.Huazhong Agriculture University,for example,the style and category of entertainment evening party has been becoming rich year by year,however,the hardware and software constructions have yet to be satisfied to meet the spiritual need of teachers and students in the university.In order to improve the quality of entertainment evening party,universities need to increase investments in hardware constructions;at the same time,in the software constructions,the theme should be more bright,the style should be more creative,the quality should be higher.Only in this way,can the students and teachers in universities be more satisfied and happier.


Visualization is mostly despised although it complements and – sometimes – guides the analytical process. This study mainly investigates teachers' preferences concerning the use of the visualization method and determines the extent to which they encourage their students to make use of it within the problem-solving process. This study was conducted for the ninth-grade students and their mathematics teacher in a social science intensive public school in the city of Erzurum, Turkey. Utilizing case study as the preferred method, data were collected through observations, interviews and student evaluations. This study revealed that visualization has a positive effect at the preliminary phases of teaching the absolute value concept but generates a lack of stimulation during problem solving in further phases of the instruction. This could be explained as a result of current examination system which requires a habituation of the analytical process in solving mathematical questions.


Dangerous goods accidents occur infrequently, but the consequences are extremely large and cause many losses. The transport of hazardous substances itself is time consuming and requires a great deal of responsibility compared to a simple load. The safe transport of dangerous goods depends on a large number of factors. The purpose of this article is to examine the conditions of carriage of dangerous goods and to evaluate the factors affecting the carriage of these goods by road transport. This is done by analyzing the scientific literature and statistics and conducting a qualitative survey. The study identified three group factors that have the greatest impact on the safe transport of dangerous goods by road. The survey results were processed using the Kendall ratings correlation method, and the compatibility of the expert sample was studied using the matching factor. The study, using the medium-range transformation weights (ARTIW) method, identified the main factors of normalized subjective weights that influence the safe transport of dangerous goods. The outcomes of the research presented in the paper show that the main factors of Group I have the greatest impact on the likelihood of an accident during dangerous goods transportation by road transport; they include incorrect loading of cargo, driver fatigue, vehicle condition, and weather and road surface conditions. The most important technical/technological factors of Group II are correct loading or unloading of the cargo, tightness of the vehicle semi-trailer/container/tank, and the technical condition of the vehicle. The most important organizational factors in Group III are the risks associated with the carriage of goods, the choice of route, and communication with the emergency services. In the following stages of research, the main factors of the three groups identified should be used to develop models to make the transport of dangerous goods safer.


This document proposes a method for shortening the end-to-end HARQ data transfer latency along the relay path in a relay system. Purpose Add proposed spec changes in P802.16j Baseline Document (IEEE 802.16j-06/026r2). Notice This document has been prepared to assist IEEE 802.16. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release The contributor grants a free, irrevocable license to the IEEE to incorporate material contained in this contribution, and any modifications thereof, in the creation of an IEEE Standards publication; to copyright in the IEEE's name any IEEE Standards publication even though it may include portions of this contribution; and at the IEEE's sole discretion to permit others to reproduce in whole or in part the resulting IEEE Standards publication. The contributor also acknowledges and accepts that this contribution may be made public by IEEE 802.16. Patent Policy and Procedures The contributor is familiar with the IEEE 802.16 Patent Policy and Procedures , including the statement "IEEE standards may include the known use of patent(s), including patent applications, provided the IEEE receives assurance from the patent holder or applicant with respect to patents essential for compliance with both mandatory and optional portions of the standard." Early disclosure to the Working Group of patent information that might be relevant to the standard is essential to reduce the possibility for delays in the development process and increase the likelihood that the draft publication will be approved for publication. Please notify the Chair 2007-03-06 IEEE C802.16j-07/185 1  as early as possible, in written or electronic form, if patented technology (or technology under patent application) might be incorporated into a draft standard being developed within the IEEE 802.16 Working Group. The Chair will disclose this notification via the IEEE 802.16 web site . 2007-03-06 IEEE C802.16j-07/185 2 Pipeline HARQ in Multi-hop Relay System Introduction In multi-hop relay system, one or more relay stations may involve in the traffic relaying along the relay path from MR-BS to MS or vice versa. Considering the procedure of handling retransmission of HARQ failure attempt in multi-hop scenario, the logical HARQ channel between MR-BS and MS could be performed in either the end-to-end or the hop-by-hop manner depending on which station generating the ACK indication. Generally, in the fashion of end-to-end HARQ, the ACK messages are only generated from either the MR-BS or the MS according to the direction of data flow. On the other hand, the MR-BS, MS and RS are able to generate ACK indications in the fashion of hop-by-hop HARQ. In relay system, the MAP generation and bandwidth allocation could be done in centralized or distributed manner. In centralized scheduling system, the MR-BS generates MAP and schedules bandwidth for all the links. In distributed scheduling system, the MR-BS and RS individually generates MAP and schedules bandwidth for the adjacent link. For end-to-end HARQ channel in centralized scheduling system, the bandwidth required for relaying the HARQ data packet could be pre-allocated for all the links along the relay path between MR-BS and MS. If any HARQ packet transmission failure occurs on a link, then the failure shall be reported to the MR-BS in order to request bandwidth for retransmission on the effected links. For hop-by-hop HARQ channel in centralized scheduling system, the bandwidth required for relaying the HARQ data packet could be sequentially allocated for the links along the relay path, one by one. From above descriptions, if the HARQ packet is received incorrectly at an RS, it will not forward the incorrectly received packet to next hop RS. Therefore, a longer HARQ packet transfer delay between MR-BS and MS is inevitable in a multi-hop relay system no matter either the end-to-end or hop-by-hop approach is adopted. This contribution is mainly aimed at efficient HARQ transmissions in multi-hop relay system with centralized control and scheduling approach. Moreover, it suggests the mechanism that will work on the chase combining HARQ (type I) and incremental-redundancy HARQ (type II). Proposed Pipeline HARQ This contribution introduces a pipeline HARQ method to minimize the end-to-end HARQ packet transfer latency. The feature of short end-to-end transfer latency is essential for providing good quality of real-time services, such as VoIP, video streaming, interactive gaming, and so on. HARQ renders performance improvement achieved by combining previously erroneously decoded packet and retransmitted packet. From the system-wise viewpoint, all previously erroneously decoded packets at an intermediate station are still carrying useful information for its successors more or less. Thus, the RS supporting the pipeline HARQ could relay previously erroneously decoded packets, which were sent from its predecessor, to its successor just as the success case does. It is trivial for incremental redundancy HARQ method because those encoded HARQ subpackets may carry different part of parity check block by applying the puncture patterns. That is, the coded block may not the same for each retransmission. Contrarily, chase combining method encodes HARQ packet by generating one version encoded packet with 16-bit CRC. It uses a simultaneous error correction and detection code, and the whole codeword is transmitted and/or retransmitted. To achieve the diversity gain, RS supporting chase comabining is required to adopt some smart algorithms to retrieve correct data from all previously erroneously decoded packets in order to minimize the number of retransmissions. This contribution only focuses on the efficient procedure of handling the HARQ data relaying and retransmissions. The design of smart decoding algorithm is out of the scope of this contribution. 2007-03-06 IEEE C802.16j-07/185 3 RS supporting pipeline HARQ Each RS on the relaying path from MR-BS to MS or vice versa should: − buffer all received HARQ packets until it receives the explicit ACK indication to it − forward the first received packet from its predecessor to its successor regardless of the correctness of the packet − resend one of previously erroneously decoded packets to the successor until it receives the explicit ACK indication to it − report the ACK (or NACK) to the MR-BS (centralized scheduling) or RS (distributed scheduling) according to the status of decoding the received packet combining with previous ones − relay the ACK/NACK to the next station − stop forwarding packets and release buffer if it receives the explicit ACK indication to it In the system adopting the pipeline HARQ technique, the HARQ packet size and the seed of randomizer must be the same on every link along the relay path. Each time RS receives an ACK sent from successor, the RS shall forward received ACK to the predecessor, finally to the destination such as MR-BS or MS. On the other hand, it is optional for RS to forward an NACK indication. If the NACK is not forwarded by RS, the bandwidth that is granted for retransmissions of all downlinks behind correspondent RS will be automatically generated by the event of ACK/NACK timeout. Proposed DL pipeline HARQ in centralized scheduling In DL HARQ scenario, the data packets are sent from MR-BS to MS via a number of intermediate RSs. As shown in Figure 1, HARQ data packet will be sent from MR-BS to the RS1, and is forwarded to RS 2 and finally to the MS. For the purpose of efficiency, the bandwidth for relaying the HARQ packet and status report on all the links along the relay path could be prescheduled by MR-BS. If the HARQ packet sent from MR-BS can not be successfully decoded at RS1, RS1 shall report the NACK signal back to MR-BS to indicate the retransmission request. Considering the feature of HARQ and prescheduled bandwidth, the data received by RS1 could be relayed to RS2 regardless of the correctness of that packet. Of course, relaying a partially corrupted data packet will result in negative report from RS2 to MR-BS and from MS to MR-BS as well. NACK indications generated from RS may not be forwarded by upstream RS if upstream RS needs to use the Fast Feedback UL subchannel to report the channel quality instead of NACK indication. If NACK is not forwarded by RS, the event of ACK/NACK timeout will trigger MR-BS to automatically grant bandwidth for retransmissions on effected links. As a response to a successful reception of the data at the MS/RS, MS/RS generates ACK indication to notify MR-BS the stopping of HARQ retransmissions from its predecessor to it. All ACK indications are forwarded and finally to the MR-BS. It is desired to have a mechanism for MR-BS to tell which station sending the ACK or NACK indication and then determine which links that required the bandwidth for HARQ retransmissions. Related method can be found in [1]. In Figure 1, notation 'Data' indicates the data is successfully transmitted, notation 'Data*' indicates the data is corrupted by noise during transmission, and notation 'Data(*)' indicates the data is partially corrupted but is sufficient for RS with some smart algorithm to successfully decode data. It is optional for RS to issue NACK indication. 2007-03-06 IEEE C802.16j-07/185 4 Figure 1. Message Flow for 3-hop DL pipeline HARQ. Proposed UL pipeline HARQ in centralized scheduling The data flow of uplink HARQ is in the opposite direction as that illustrated in Figure. 1. System requires to setup two contra-directional ACK channels for an uplink pipeline HARQ channel : the UL ACK channel and the DL ACK channel. The ACK/NACK transmitted on UL ACK channel and DL ACK channel are denoted as UL ACK/NACK and DL ACK/NACK respectively. The DL ACK/NA


Perform a follow‐up study to investigate the histologic impact of high‐dose intralaryngeal cidofovir injections in porcine vocal cords, either alone or in combination with bevacizumab, and compared to saline controls.


Abstract. Extremely high particle extinction coefficients, an order of magnitude higher than after the Mt. Pinatubo eruption in 1991, were measured in the stratosphere over Leipzig, Germany, on 22 August 2017. In a series of two articles, we present our observations of this record-breaking smoke event. In part 1 (Ansmann et al., 2018), we provide an overview of the smoke situation. The particle extinction coefficients reached 500 Mm −1 at 532 nm in the lower stratosphere around 15 km height and the smoke-related aerosol optical thickness (AOT) was close to 1.0 around noon. In part 2, we present the optical and microphysical properties of the fire smoke observed in a tropospheric layer from 5–6.5 km height and in a stratospheric layer from 15–16 km height. Three Raman lidars were run at Leipzig after sunset on 22 August. As a highlight, triple-wavelength polarization/Raman lidar measurements of the particle depolarization ratio and extinction-to-backscatter ratio (lidar ratio) at all three important lidar wavelengths of 355, 532, and 1064 nm could be performed. Very different particle depolarization ratios were found in the troposphere and in the stratosphere. The obviously compact and spherical tropospheric smoke particles caused almost no depolarization of backscattered laser radiation at all three wavelength ( 3 %), whereas the particles in the stratosphere lead to high depolarization ratios of 22 % at 355 nm and 18 % at 532 nm and a comparably low value of 4 % at 1064 nm in the stratosphere. The observed strong wavelength dependence is probably attributed to the narrow size distribution (accumulation mode) of irregularly shaped soot particles and the absence of a smoke coarse mode. The layer mean particle lidar ratios, on the other hand, were 40–45 sr (355 nm), and 65–80 sr (532 nm), and 80–95 sr (1064 nm) in both, the tropospheric and stratospheric layers indicating similar scattering and absorption properties. The 532 nm single scattering albedo was 0.8 in the stratospheric layer. The smoke particles were rather small (effective radius of 0.17 μm) in the tropospheric layer and much larger (effective radius of 0.32 μm) in the very dry stratosphere.


Capsule Clinical outcomes using INVOcell device with ICSI. Objective Intravaginal culture of oocytes (INVO) procedure is an intravaginal culture system that utilizes the INVOcell device in which the fertilization and embryo culture occur. In this procedure, the vaginal cavity serves as an incubator for oocyte fertilization and early embryonic development. The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes of this intravaginal culture system in intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). METHODS: A total of 24 cycles INVO-ICSI (study group) and 74 cycles of ICSI (control group) were included in the study. The cleaved oocytes at day 3/ total injected oocytes, embryo quality, pregnancy rate (PR), implantation rate (IR), and miscarriage rate (MR) were compared between both groups. Results At day 3, there was no difference in the cleaved oocyte rate (78.7 and 76.1%) and embryo quality (77 and 86.8%) for the study and control groups, respectively. In the study group, more embryos were significantly transferred compared to the control group (2.63 ± 0.58 versus 1.93 ± 0.25; P < 0.05). PRs, IRs, and MRs were similar for the study group compared with the control group (PR: 54.2% versus 58.1%; IR: 31.7% versus 33.6%; MR: 7.7% versus 20.9%). Conclusions Good PR and IR can be obtained using the INVOcell device, and the INVO-ICSI procedure can be considered as an alternative option to infertile patients.


A geospatial analysis of 1,906,302 records of 1938 species of Australian vertebrates has shown that the original regions proposed in the 19th century, namely the Eyrean, Torresian and Bassian still hold. The analysis has shown that the Eyrean region has an east-west divide, forming two, possibly independent arid regions (Eastern Desert and Western Desert provinces), that are shaped by topography and rainfall. A revised and interim zoogeographical area taxonomy of the Australian region is presented herein.


This paper deals with the soil-borne fungi of cultivated lands of Biratnagar, Nepal. Key words: Soil borne fungi, Biratnagar, Nepal DOI: 10.3126/on.v7i1.2579 Our Nature (2009) 7:232-235


A practicable model of the growth process, which gives better definition to the problem of growth and growth regulation and greater precision to related experimental work than do earlier models, is developed on the basis of the following assumptions: "Growth" is the net balance of mass produced and retained over mass destroyed and otherwise lost, implying continual metabolic degradation and replacement. Terminal size represents stationary equilibrium between incremental and decremental components. The mass of an organic system consists of two functionally different components,—generative and differentiated. Generative mass increases by the catalytic action of key compounds ("templates") characteristic of each cell type. Each cell also produces specific freely diffusible compounds antagonistic to these templates ("antitemplates"). Growth regulation occurs automatically by a negative "feedback" in which increasing numbers of antitemplates progressively block the corresponding templates. Differential equations expressing these interrelationships are formulated, integrated, and the solutions evaluated for the case of chick growth. These specific solutions lead to descriptions of the normal growth of a biological system which are in good agreement with known facts, and to predictions of the course of automatic growth regulations after experimental or pathological disturbances which reproduce adequately biological observations in this domain.


In this paper, a class of infinite matrices called "R.D." class is introduced. Each member of this class is an infinite matrix K (over Z/29) which admits the existence of an infinite number of matrices ${\overline {\rm K}}_{\rm i} (i=1,2,3,…) satisfying {\overline {\rm K}}_{\rm i}{\rm K}={\rm I} (\neq {\rm K}{\overline {\rm K}}_{\rm i}), where each ${\overline {\rm K}}_{\rm i} is over Z/29. If P is a plaintext matrix, over Z/29 and P is embedded into an infinite matrix in a way described in this paper, then enciphering (using ${\overline {\rm K}}_{\rm i} for any i) and deciphering (using K) can be carried on in a way similar to that in the Hill system ([2],[3]). Security and freedom are thus increased at no cost since the deciphering algorithm uses the same K while the enciphering algorithm can use any of the ${\overline {\rm K}}_{\rm i} (i=1,2,3,…). To increase security (and other objectives) the entries of each member of this class are required to be functions of several parameters λ μ,,…. Moreover, som...


In this paper we consider cooperative manipulation problems where a large group (swarm) of non-articulated mobile robots is trying to cooperatively control the velocity of some larger rigid body by exerting forces around its perimeter. We divide the problem into two phases: (1) approach; and (2) manipulation. This paper presents a novel decentralized solution to the approach phase. An artificial potential field is used to control the motion of the robots such that they establish contact with the object while avoiding collisions with other robots. The resulting grasp locally optimizes the group's ability to resist disturbances. The approach is provably convergent and does not require centralized coordination of the robots. The results are illustrated in simulation.


These days, agarwood oil becoming a high demand throughout the world and Malaysia is not excluded. It happens due to the variety of usages such as incense, traditional medicine, and perfumes. However, there has been a lack of research on the development of agarwood oil because there is no any standard grading method of agarwood oil was implemented. As a solution forms, it is very important to come out with a standard method of quality classification for agarwood oil grading's. By continuing of the research for the development of this standard, the comparison of different type of kernel parameter on nonlinear data based on performance measure has been the main objective of this paper. Support Vector Machine (SVM) has been selected as intelligent technique to comparing the output of different type of kernel parameter used. The analysis work has involving the data taken from the previous researcher that consists of two classes of agarwood oil quality's samples which is high and low quality. For the output of this research was the classification of two different quality while the input was the different percentage of the compounds added. The desk research has been conducted by using a software application named MATLAB with version R2016a. The research indicates that each of different kernel parameter used have pass the performance measures standard. The verdict in this research for sure will be valuable for the future research works of agarwood oil areas, especially quality classification part.


Shark finning refers to the removal and retention of shark fins and the discarding at sea of the carcass. Shark finning takes place at sea so the fishers only have to transport the fins. Shark finning is widespread, and largely unmanaged and unmonitored. Shark finning has increased over the past decade largely due to the increasing demand for shark fins for Chinese shark fin soup and traditional cures, improved fishing technology, and improved market economics. Shark specialists estimate that anywhere between 38 million-100 million sharks are killed for their fins, annually. [1] Shark fins are a billion dollar industry. Process According to wildlife conservation much of the sharks' fin trade uses fins cut from living sharks, called finning. [3] Because shark meat is worth much less, the now finless and often still-living sharks are thrown back into the sea to make room for more of the valuable fins. [3] In the ocean, the sharks either die from suffocation or are eaten because they are unable to move normally. Fauna and Flora Animals Committee, "The perception that it is common practice to kill sharks for only their fins-and to cut them off whilst the sharks are still alive-is wrong.... The vast majority of fins in the market are taken from sharks after their death." [4] However, some researchers dispute this claim after extensive examination of fin sourcing and fisheries data; one study of sharks harvested for their valuable fins estimates that between 26-73 million sharks are killed each year worldwide, [5] which is almost three times higher than official Food and Agriculture Organization estimates. The crew of the conservation vessel Ocean Warrior witnessed and photographed industrial-scale finning within Costa Rica's Cocos Island National Park protected marine area. [7] The practice is featured in the documentary Sharks: Stewards of the Reef, which contains footage from Western Australia and Central America and also examines shark finning's cultural, financial and ecological impacts. Underwater photographer Richard Merritt also has witnessed finning of living sharks in Indonesia where he saw immobile finless sharks lying on the sea bed still alive below the fishing boat. [8] Finning has been witnessed and filmed within a protected marine area in the Raja


Around the world, the representation of Black women in media is often flawed, as ideologies shaped by racism and white supremacy dominate the social construction of the representation of Black women in print media. This paper examines the use of "click speech" responses to a Facebook post where we condemn the use of what we perceive to be negative images of Black women used to market rum. Specifically, we ask the question: How do Belizeans respond to our request and our framing of the marketing campaign as being racist and sexist? Using a Belizean feminist lens, we analyze click speech responses to our request. A mixed response of those who supported our requests to remove the caricature from the rum label and those who did not support our position that the marketing campaign was both racist and sexist were found through content analysis. Many of the comments suggested that we were creating an issue, that there is nothing wrong with the image, and that we were importing American ideas of racism and sexism to Belize where they do not exist. This study contributes to that gap in the literature that ensures that Belizean women are represented in ways that their voices are not misrepresented and ensures that this research contributes to Belizean knowledge.


Based on the convergence analysis of discrete errors,the finite element models of V-typed diesel main parts and structure were established.The natural frequency and vibration mode were acquired by calculating the free mode of parts and assembly with Lanczos method.The weak parts of engine vibration were found by the vibration mode analysis,which provided the reliable reference for the modification of diesel structure and the analysis of dynamic response.


Being produced and promoted by large transnational corporations, tobacco provides a fascinating opportunity for investigating the detrimental impacts of commercial interests on health. This chapter critically reflects on the role of tobacco companies in the production, distribution and marketing of tobacco, their vested interests in tobacco control, and tobacco industry strategies to maintain a regulatory environment which allows them to continue running an exceptionally profitable business. First, a summary of the six major transnational tobacco companies and their efforts to exert political influence is presented. The chapter then outlines controversies about tobacco industry engagement in tobacco control before presenting three case studies of tobacco industry strategies to enhance profits and prevent regulation. The first case study describes tobacco companies' business and lobbying strategies in developing countries; the second focuses on British American Tobacco's success in building alliances to ensure political engagement at European Union level, and the final case discusses recent tobacco companies' efforts to establish themselves as legitimate stakeholders in harm reduction debates. By presenting evidence of tobacco industry success in increasing profits, building coalitions and preventing effective tobacco control policy, the chapter draws attention to the underlying political and economic factors which are crucial in understanding the tobacco epidemic.


In this paper, we consider the design and implementation of SPARE Parts, a C++ toolkit for pattern matching. SPARE Parts (in particular, the 2003 version presented in this article) is the second generation string pattern matching toolkit by the authors. The toolkit, the first generic program for keyword pattern matching, contains implementations of the well‐known Knuth–Morris–Pratt, Boyer–Moore, Aho–Corasick and Commentz–Walter algorithms (and their variants).


A compact capacitive divider with response time of 2.8ns which is used to measure high voltage pulse,is built.It have been applied to measure high voltage pulse and resonant waves of Tesla transformer type electron beam accelerator. [WT5"HZ]


Source term evaluation is important in legislation for the licensing of a plant. So a comprehensive review of historical progress in source term analysis and source term experimental programs have been presented for better understanding of core melt progression and fission product behavior under severe accident. The discussions mainly focus on the advancement in source term and comparison between source term experimental programs. For In-vessel and Ex-vessel source term estimation, simulated and design based experiments had been performed. Most of the experiments have been performed to understand the behavior and analysis of radionuclides during different accident consequences. Data obtained from these tests have been used for validation of Computer based codes. This study gives a comprehensive review of the source term and the source term experimental programs designed for investing the source term and fission product release behavior.


Brain diseases such as degenerative (alzheimer's disease), neoplastic disease (brain tumor like sarcoma, glioma) are considered an interesting topic areas in the medical image fusion diagnosis. Pixel-level image fusion techniques are designed to combine multiple/multi-scale input images into a fused image, which is expected to be more informative for human or machine perception as compared to any of the input images. Since they are difficult to be summarized ; survey paper are characterized by (1) medical image definition , brain diseases challenges , analysis a various techniques for multi-scale image fusion with its own modalities, fusion rule, fusion strategy and dis-advantage ,Whilst used a database of medical images for medical Harvard School (brain diseases) which contains various groups of co-registered multi-modal images including MRI/CT, MRI/PET and PET/SPECT and MRI (T1/T2) images.


Abstract A two-dimensional reaction of a melamine derivative with glyoxal was carried out at the air-water interface for melamine-based conjugation Langmuir-Blodgett film. An amphiphilic derivative of melamine, N-(4,6-diamino-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) octadecanamide (NDTOA), was synthesized by the reaction of melamine with stearic acid. Monolayers of the NDTOA were spread on aqueous 3% glyoxal subphases with various pH. The surface pressure-area isotherms revealed more expanded monolayer area on the acidic or basic subphases. The molecular structure of the LB films was confirmed by the FT-IR and UV spectroscopy. Characteristic red-shifts of UV absorption peaks (λmax) were detected from 201 nm to 218 nm and 240 nm, 2 or 3 conjugation number could be evaluated from the peak shift.


The purpose of the paper is to analyze the reasons for possible deficiency results due to the principle of "the one who offers the highest price obtains the subject matter",in order to improve the land transfer system.Method employed is to analyze the land auction process via asset auction theory.The results indicate that the existing budgetary constraint factors inevitably distort the resource allocation,which invalidates the principle of "the one who offers the highest price obtains the subject matter".It is concluded that basing on various practical conditions,the governments should:(1)choose proper auction forms;(2)design suitable auction rules;(3)control irrational competitions;(4)realize relatively high returns while ensure the efficiency optimization.


Permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) systems are becoming more and more popular in recent years, especially for the variable-speed situations. Various power conversion topologies utilized in the PMSG systems are introduced and implemented with both the finite element analysis software MagneForce and the Matlab/Simulink. System performances and design concerns are analyzed through comparative study on the permanent magnet synchronous generator systems with different power conversion topologies, which will be useful for the design of permanent magnet machine system.


E Institute of University of I Business and California: I Economic Research Berkeley CENTER FOR REAL ESTATE AND URBAN ECONOMICS WORKING PAPER SERIES WORKING PAPER NO. 81-33 I MONEY MARKET MUTUAL FUNDS:' .AN EXPERIMENT IN AD Hoc DEREGULATION BY KENNETH T. ROSEN LAWRENCE KATZ_ These papers are preliminary in nature; their purpose is to stimulate discussi and com- ment. Therefore, y are not to be cited or quoted in any publication without the ex'- press permission of the author. GRADUATE SCHOOL OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION


Investigation of the temporal-spatial, field and current characteristics of the discharge channel propagation is of both scientific and practical interest and may be useful for understanding the nature of the dielectric breakdown of solid dielectrics. The present paper is devoted to the computer simulation of the electrothermal instability development under DC pulse voltage in dielectric material with thermodynamic and electrical properties, which are typical for thermoresistant polymers. The aim of the paper is to clear up the possibility of propagation of the highly conducting channel due to the development of the electrothermal instability.


Background: Acid phosphatase and its regulation are important objects of biological and clinical research and play an important role in the development and treatment of prostate and bone diseases. The newly patented aminoalkanol (4-[2-hydroxy-3-(propan-2-ylamino)propyl]-1,7-dimethyl-8,9-diphenyl-4-azatricyclo[5.2.1.02,6]dec-8-ene-3,5,10-trione hydrochloride) (I) and (4-[3-(dimethylamino)-2-hydroxypropyl]-1,7-dimethyl-8,9-diphenyl-4-azatricyclo[5.2.1.02,6]dec-8-ene-3,5,10-trione hydrochloride) (II) derivatives have potential anticancer activity, and their influence on enzymatic activity can significantly impact the therapeutic effects of acid phosphatase against many diseases. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the action of compounds (I) and (II) on acid phosphatase. Methods: Capillary electrophoresis was used to evaluate the inhibition of acid phosphatase. Lineweaver–Burk plots were constructed to compare the Km of this enzyme in the presence of inhibitors (I) or (II) with the Km in solutions without these inhibitors. Results: Compound (I) showed a stronger competitive inhibition against acid phosphatase, whereas derivative (II) showed a weaker competitive type of inhibition. The detailed kinetic studies of these compounds showed that their type and strength of inhibition as well as affinity depend on the kind of substituent occurring in the main chemical molecule. Conclusions: This study is of great importance because the disclosed inhibition of acid phosphatase by compounds (I) and (II) raises the question of whether these compounds could have any effect on the treatment possibilities of prostate diseases.


This paper examines the impact of human capital development on economic growth in Nigeria. Theoretical growth models and macroeconomic evidence suggest that human capital accumulation is an important determinant of per capita income growth. However, Hideki et al. (2005) note that outliers, measurement errors, and incorrect specifications may have affected early macroeconomic studies that found a weak relationship between growth and human capital accumulation. While recent studies addressing these problems are beginning to show larger positive effects, the potential endogeneity of human capital accumulation has received relatively little attention. We therefore investigate the relationship between human capital and economic growth in Nigeria with time series data which covers periods 1981-2010. Adopting the endogenous modeling approach cast within the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) framework, the bounds testing analysis indicated existence of co integration between economic growth and human capital development indicators. Findings also show that human capital development indicators had positive impact on economic growth in Nigeria within the reviewed periods; however, their impacts were largely statistically insignificant. Further evidence indicated that equilibrium is fully restored for any distortion in the short-run. On this basis of the emanating findings, this study proffered the need for government to invest more in human capital development process and endeavours prioritize the health and education sectors budgeting considering their growth driving potentials in Nigeria. Similarly, government should endeavour to pay attention to the issue of school enrolment. Keywords: Bounds Test, Economic Growth, Endogeneity, Human Capital Development,  Nigeria


The article deals with research of global regularities in the global system of higher education. The interrelation of information, Internet and educational environments, branding and marketing are investigated as a qualitative basis for sustainable development of universities. The government strategies stimulating development of international experience for students are explored and analyzed. This experience resulted in mass opening of international branch campuses and popularity of educational centers ("education hubs"). World tendencies in the field of human capital development in the sphere of higher education are revealed. Special attention is given to development of international institutional and industrial partnership. At present, the challenges facing the modern system of higher education in Russia are related to the need to ensure its competitiveness in the international arena and create centers for the innovative development within the Russian Federation. In the sphere of higher education of Russia, a number of priority projects of the higher education system can be identified, which were approved at the end of 2016: "Universities as Centers of Innovation Development"; the project of "Modern Digital Educational Environment" and the model of the export potential development of the "Russian education system", which increases the attractiveness and competitiveness of the international educational services market in order to increase the volume of revenues from the export of educational services. Svetlana Ashmarina (Russian Federation), Ekaterina Nikulina (Russian Federation) BUSINESS PERSPECTIVES LLC "СPС "Business Perspectives" Hryhorii Skovoroda lane, 10, Sumy, 40022, Ukraine www.businessperspectives.org Assessment of global


The static wetting behavior of drops on surfaces with thin lubricating films is very different compared to solid surfaces. Due to the slow dynamics of the wetting ridge, it is challenging to predict the apparent contact angles of such drops. It is hypothesized that for a sinking drop on a lubricated surface, quasi-static wetting morphology can be numerically computed from the knowledge of interfacial energies, lubricant thickness, and drop volume. In this study, we use Surface Evolver to numerically compute the static wetting morphology for the four-phase system using a quasi-static approach with a sinking time similar to the early-intermediate times, and the results agree well with the corresponding experiments. We find that the apparent contact angles depend significantly on the lubricant thickness and substrate wettability compared to other parameters.


T he Africa Infrastructure Country Diagnostic is an unprecedented attempt to collect comprehensive data on the infrastructure sectors in Africa—covering power, transport, irrigation, water and sanitation, and information and communication technology (ICT)—and to provide an integrated analysis of the challenges they face. Based on extensive fi eldwork across Africa, the following main fi ndings have emerged:


Historical charcoal production can have significant effects on soil properties. We studied soils at former charcoal production sites (relict charcoal hearths, RCHs) and compared these soils with undisturbed soil next to the charcoal hearths and four typical soils on similar parent material located at distances between 10 and 70 km from the RCHs. In a landscape typical of the northern German lowland, we found Podsolige Braunerde (WRB: Brunic Arenosols (Protospodic)) outside of the RCHs and soils with a clearly different stratigraphy within the RCHs. The main feature of the soils at both of the studied RCHs is a heterogeneous, charcoal-bearing deposit that is approximately 30 cm thick. No indications of translocation or mineral transformation processes, which form distinct soil horizons after the deposition of anthropogenic material on the RCHs, are present. Except for the differences in color and total carbon content, the soil chemistry of the RCHs hardly differs from that of the soil outside of the charcoal hearth sites. The soil colors and magnetic susceptibility values strongly suggest that the RCH substrates and the underlying topsoil were affected by thermally induced transformation of iron (hydr-)oxides. Although the charring procedure normally requires approximately two weeks, the heating effect only reaches to a maximum depth of 8 cm into the buried soil below the charcoal hearths. The presence of reddish soil and an abrupt increase in magnetic susceptibility in the upper 2 cm of the soil below the charcoal hearths indicate the heat-induced transformation of iron (hydr-)oxides into maghemite. Brighter soil color and an increase in soil organic matter in the lower parts of the buried topsoil demonstrate the combustion of soil organic matter up to 5 cm depth below the RCH. According to the German Guidelines for Soil Mapping, the soils in the RCHs are classified as Regosols above Braunerde (WRB: Spolic Technosols (Arenic)). However, because the anthropogenic features of these soil sediments are disregarded in the German Guidelines for Soil Mapping, we suggest adapting the 'M' horizon to permit a jM horizon. Thus, the soils in the RCHs could be classified as Kolluviale Braunerde.


Subsidence of the ground is conspicuous in th lowlands of Kawaguchi and in southern part of Saitama Prefecture, causing various kinds of damages. In general, the ground subsidence occur where the humus soil is thick, such as a back marsh. And, the cumulative amount of subsidence is larger when the alluvial deposits are thicker. It is reported that the diluvial deposits are also subsiding lately, although it is questionable.The ground subsidence is chiefly ascribed to the excessive utilization of underground water. Heavy traffic of these days may also account for the subsidence, but it is merely a superficial phenomenon. In order to prevent the ground subsidence, pumping of underground water must be carried out on a well-laid plan.


A retrospective cross-sectional study for patients with confirmed Cryptococcus neoformans meningitis (CM) in non-HIV-infected and non-transplant hosts in two class-A tertiary hospitals in Guangzhou, China is reported. 181 CM patients were enrolled during the study period, 48% (87/181) of which died. Underlying diseases were risk factor associated with higher mortality, among which diabetes mellitus ranked first for the incidence of CM. The mortality was not related to antifungal drug susceptibility. All strains were considered susceptible to amphotericin B, although interpretative breakpoints for amphotericin B have not yet been established. According to the CLSI guidelines, most of the strains in our study were susceptible to voriconazole, fluconazole, fluorocytosine and dose-dependently susceptible to itraconazle.


The photorefractive coupling gain is limited in InP:Fe even if there is no direct hole‐electron competition. One has to take into account the excited state of Fe2+ (5T2) with its strong thermal emission(1/βth≂100 ns). This leads to an indirect hole‐electron competition mechanism and helps to explain experimental results. This coupling gain reduction is inherent to the nature of the Fe dopant in InP for wavelengths below 1.2 μm and temperature above 170 K.


Modern Russian society is currently on the verge of shifting from the traditional (pre-modern) and new (modern) value system, and is characterized by intermediateness and transitivity. In this context, the identity becomes unstable, marginal, without a solid foundation of values. This actualizes the problem of determination of axiological contradictions of the modern Russian society and the degree of their impact upon the cultural institutions formed in accordance with the professional criteria, namely professional culture of the future lawyer. The goal of this article is to establish  axiological contradictions of the modern Russian society and determine the degree of their impact upon professional culture of the future lawyer. Methodological framework is comprised of culturological and axiological approaches. Analysis is conducted on the key development trends of the modern Russian society, which explicates the value contradictions of the Russian society at the present stage. The author provides the original definition of professional culture of the lawyer, reveals the conceptual components of professional culture, as well as the depth and degree of impact of the existing axiological contradictions upon the value core of professional culture of the future lawyer. It is noted that the revealed axiological contradictions of the modern Russian society aggravate the ethical issues of professional culture of the future lawyer. In this regard, the author offers the measures of social support for the future lawyers aimed at minimization of ethical contradictions in professional activity.


In a comprehensive review of clinical trials, combination therapies with biologics offered better chances of long-term remission than monotherapy with a DMARD.


Objective To explore the immunohistochemical features and results of colloidal iron staining in renal oncocytoma and renal cell carcinoma(RCC).Methods Nine cases of renal oncocytoma,12 chromophobe RCC(ChRCC),8 papillary RCC(PRCC)-Ⅰ,12 PRCC-Ⅱand 12 clear cell RCC(CCRCC)were collected.Histological characteristics were observed.Immunohisto-chemistry for CK,CK7,CK20,CD10,CD15,CD117,vimentin(Vim),E-cadherin(E-cad),Rcc.ma and colloidal iron staining were performed on all cases.Results CK expression was observed in the cytoplasma of renal oncocytoma and the membrane of ChRCC,PRCC and CCRCC.CD10 expression was observed in the cytoplasma of renal oncocytoma and ChRCC and the membrune of PRCC and CCRCC.Conclusions The immunohistochemical features and results of colloidal iron staining in renal oncocytoma and ChRCC were different,which could differentiate renal oncocytoma from ChRCC.Membrane,expression of CK7 and positive pattern of colloidal iron staining supported ChRCC.The immunohistochemical characteristics and results of colloidal iron staining in ChRCC,PRCC and CCRCC could be used to differentiate ChRCC from PRCC or CCRCC.Expression of CK7,CD117 and positive results of colloidal iron staining supported ChRCC.Membrane expression of CD10,expression of Vim and Rcc.ma supported CCRCC.Although the immunohistochemical features of PRCC and CCRCC were almost identical,expression of CD15 supported CCRCC.Although the immunohistochemical features in types Ⅰ and Ⅱ of PRCC are almost identical,expression of CK7 supports type I of PRCC.For majority of these tumors,morphological characteristics are the basis of pathological diagnosis.Only some difficult cases with atypical morphology depend on the immunohistochemical features and result of colloidal iron staining.


Differentiated service has been proposed as a potential solution for bandwidth allocation and is expected to be supported in the next-generation Internet. However, a service-differentiating Internet with best-effort servers may not meet the overall goals of the differentiated service. In this paper, approaches and performance issues on providing differentiated services from an Internet server are studied. Experimental study and analyses prove that under near-saturation of server utilization, differentiating service provides significantly better performance to high priority tasks compared to a traditional service mode. Quantitative performance estimation of different priority levels of tasks is presented. It is also observed that an enhanced shortest queue first task assignment scheme helps in decreasing the average response time of the server system.


Most female birds produce at least an egg at some point in their life time with or without a mate. A fertile egg is however produced when a bird is mated. The process of egg formation is the result of anatomical, physiological and nutritional factors influenced largely by genetic, disease and extrinsic environmental stimulus. Oviposition involving repeated or larger clutch sizes may functionally exhaust the reproductive tract thereby posing risks of metabolic and physiological drain on the bird. The birds' reproductive anatomy is such that it does not prevent eggs from undergoing reverse peristalsis. A ten-year study (2001-2010) of obstetric problems of the chicken revealed prevalence of (9.8%) as reproductive abnormalities, and incidences of oophoritis (39%), egg-yolk peritonitis (22%), salphingitis (19%), egg bound/binding (3%), atrophied (7%), and ruptured (2.0%) oviduct, cystic ovary and oviduct (1.7%), neoplasms (3%), various forms of prolapses (2%), ectopic egg (1%) and ochitis (0.3%). Postmortem clinic records showed that most of the obstetrical cases involved ovary and oviduct and were seen in exotic breeds of chickens. This study highlights prevalence, possible causes and remedies to some obstetric problems of the domestic fowl. Required attention must be given to these problems for optimum egg productivity.


In the present paper, we characterize Ricci symmetric almost Kenmotsu manifolds under several constraints and proved that they are Einstein manifolds. As a consequence, we obtain several corollaries. Finally, an illustrative example is presented to verify our results.


Abstract : This report is concerned with the description of wave propagation in inhomogeneous waveguides with curved boundaries. Horizontal ray theory, a 3-D analytical approximation method, is extended to multilayered waveguides and practical methods of implementation are developed. Higher order corrections are developed as integrals of lower order solutions. The ordinary differential equations for the lowest order approximation are integrated for translationally invariant and cylindrically symmetric environments. These solutions do not have the invariance or symmetry of the waveguide in which they propagate and exhibit three-dimensional propagation effects. The solution for cylindrically symmetric waveguides is employed in an examination of the effect of a seamount on the propagation of acoustic signals in the ocean waveguide. Isovelocity water and a rigid ocean bottom were assumed in order to facilitate the calculation. Local propagation effects induced by this simple geometric vertical structure and sound speed profile are compared with local propagation effects induced by a more realistic vertical structure and profile in order to validate the conclusions concerning propagation near the seamount. The effects of source and receiver depths and sub-bottom attenuation on the deflection effects of the seamount are also examined.


Abstract Objective Ocular trauma is a mendable cause of morbidity and preventable blindness. Our goal is to confirm the relationship between ocular trauma and seasonality, to establish an association between ocular trauma and temperature, and to discuss implications on resident education. Methods Consults for the University of Tennessee Health Science Center Hamilton Eye Institute Ophthalmology residency (Memphis, TN) were recorded in the New Innovations database from 2006 to 2016 and analyzed retrospectively. International Classification of Diseases-9 diagnosis codes were used to identify all cases of ocular trauma. Temperature data were obtained from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association. The main outcome measures were the monthly, seasonal, annual, and temperature trends in ocular trauma in an emergency department setting, necessitating an ophthalmology consultation. Results A total of 8,400 patients were screened by ophthalmology residents in Memphis, TN from 2006 to 2016, 3,540 carried a diagnosis of ocular trauma, out of which 2,290 were male (64.7%) with a mean age of 34.6 years and 1,250 were female (35.3%) with a mean age of 34.9 years. The most common diagnoses were orbital fracture (36.6%), eyelid laceration (20.2%), and nonpenetrating corneal/conjunctival injury (13.6%). Peak months were July (37.3 cases/year) and September (36.6 cases/year) with trauma more likely to occur in nonwinter months (p = 0.0069). Trauma was more likely to occur in the summer/fall seasons (p = 0.0014) corresponding to mean temperatures 82.8 and 64.6°F, respectively. Conclusion Ocular trauma exhibits an annual and temperature cycle, peaking in the summer and fall months, and coinciding with the beginning of the academic year. Special attention should be taken in July to prepare residents for the proper management of ocular trauma to prevent blindness as traumatic cases are more likely to require surgical intervention.


Severe pulmonary hypertension (PH) is associated with sudden cardiac death (SCD). Optical mapping analysis (OMP) with electrophysiological study (EPS) and connexin-43 measures were performed weekly in Sprague-Dawley rat with monocrotaline (MCTi, 60 mg/kg) induced PH. Right ventricular pressure (RVP) and pulmonary vascular remodeling (PVR) were measured. EPS for ventricular fibrillation (VF) induction and RT-PCR for mRNA expression of connexin-43 (Conx-Ex) were performed. Daily administration of sildenafil (5 mg/kg) and beraprost (100 μg/kg) was initiated at 2 or 3 weeks after MCTi. OMP revealed abnormal RV conduction and action potential dispersion with high VF induction rate. Decreased Conx-Ex with high RVP at 3,4 and 5 weeks after MCTi were observed. Sildenafil with beraprost improved PVR, RV arrhythmogenicity, Conx-Ex, cardiac function (Table) and survival rates. Conclusions: Sildenafil with beraprost therapy improves prognosis by preventing SCD and heart failure. These results give us further insights...


The aim of the study is to find out the educational potential of studying Robotics in STEM educational system as a factor in mastering learners' engineering and creative skills. For the pedagogical experiment, the authors arranged the control and experimental groups of children at the age of 9 to 12 years old (30 people each) in the 2019/2020 academic year. The study included testing, evaluating intelligent background criteria, and a survey among learners and educators. It resulted in the conclusions made. Robotics is a key activity in developing engineering thinking. The technique used for conducting classes in learning Robotics consists of the following components: initiating relationships, design engineering, reflection/after-action review, and development. STEM education can be based on LEGO constructing. LEGO constructing academic studies are focused on the development of verbal, creative, and engineering skills. An instructor can introduce some software to learners that allow them to design constructions and models using the tools of manual and computer-assisted three-dimensional constructional LEGO Digital Designer. This part of the course is aimed at developing general learning skills. Further development of engineering design is connected with the Arduino microprocessor control unit. It targets schoolchildren well for their study. They can launch small electronic projects. Students can master programming skills through 'learning by doing', as well as learn the basics of circuit technology using this platform.


Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine, Vol. 14, No. 8 August 15, 2018 We have been invited to write a commentary related to two interesting papers on sleep bruxism (SB) in this current issue of the Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine. In order to help readers understand where these papers fit in current sleep medicine; we divided our commentary in 3 sections: (1) difference on the definition of SB in sleep medicine and dentistry; (2) significance of the Prado et al. paper,1 a prevalence survey and clinical examination in adolescents; and (3) relevance of the Miettinen et al. paper,2 a home study over three consecutive nights to assess the first night effect on SB.


The Quality-management Committee of the Hungarian Hospital Federation and the Semmelweis University Health Services Management Training Centre, recognizing the threats of the human resources shortage and the consequential quality problems in the delivery of health care services, have launched a program for identifying the major problems and developing recommendations for decision makers and health service managers. The identification of the problems was performed by a task force group using a systematic methodology, recommendations were based on these findings. Members of the task force group were delegated by the Hungarian Hospital Federation and the Health Services Management Training Centre. Additional members were invited from the Ministry of Health and various other professional organizations.


Purpose: Information extraction from big data is improved by either reducing the number of features in a data set or selecting features using intelligent data analysis. Generally, big data sets are complex to process using traditional approaches. Feature selection is highly essential in big data information extraction because it chooses the subset of features that influence the final classification. Reducing the number of selected features in the data leads to enhanced accuracy and efficiency of data extraction with other attributes used in the mathematical model. This work aims to improve the performance of the classifier using an enhanced binary bat algorithm-based effective feature selection model. formulated to enhance accuracy, efficiency of data extraction with other attributes. An enhanced binary bat algorithm (EBBA) proposed to solve the mentioned problem using local optimization and global optimization factor which improves the performance of optimization. Experiment carried out with different datasets selected to test effective performance of proposed algorithm and demonstrated performance is better with other algorithms. Design: The purpose of this paper is to provide, an effective feature selection model for big data information extraction. An enhanced binary bat algorithm has been proposed to improve attribute selection using local optimization and global optimization methods. Classification of multisource data using selected features using labeled approach. Particular Information extraction for multi view multi label (PIMM) approach is compared with EBBA algorithm. Further to enhance effectiveness of shared and specific information in big data [3] by setting the delta and omega factors in order to fuse different information from different view point, Online analysis of relevance with any redundancy analysis also been incorporated. Findings: All the experiments were carried out with different datasets on the number of iterations and fitness of the attributes to validate the effective performance of the proposed algorithm. Experimental results and graphs show that the proposed methodology improves the overall performance of optimization using PIMM models. Originality: A feature selection model based on the binary bat algorithm has been the focus of this paper. Subset selection and feature ranking are the two important methods used in this approach. Experiments were conducted on datasets to analyze the patterns in the number of iterations and fitness of the attributes over selection. The improvement in feature selection leads to better classification accuracy of the proposed model compared to other nature inspired techniques.


Objective: To introduce the design and structure of the in vitro wireless charging for implantable cardiac pacemaker, and describe the theory, testing circuit design and testing result of the system. Methods: using the ultrasound as the carrier for energy delivering, it can in vitro wireless charge for implantable cardiac pacemaker by penetrating human skin and muscle without wound to supplement electrical quantity. Conclusion: The design could extend the lifetime of the pacemaker and no need to do an operation to change the pacemaker when the battery is used up, to improve the use value of the pacemaker.


Abstract Introduction: Severe out-break of the novel coronavirus has majorly impacted the health care facilities across all settings. Hospital facilities especially the ambulatory clinics began to adjust the ways to triage, assess and treat patients by using methods that do not rely on traditional face-face encounter. Here, we present one such scenario from the initial phase of pandemic in which team effort was involved in a diabetic emergency to overcome the barriers of emergent ambulatory care. Case Description: We present a 78-year-old female with past medical history of Type 2 diabetes mellitus, hyperthyroidism, multi-nodular goiter, hypertension, mild coronary artery disease, diastolic heart failure and dyslipidemia who called the clinic with an elevated point of care glucose of 436mg/dl. Other symptoms included high fever, polyuria and polydipsia having just been discharged from hospital with a diagnosis of COVID-19 infection. She was on metformin 500 mg twice a day, glimepiride 2 mg daily, methimazole 5 mg daily, carvedilol 12.5 mg twice a day, losartan 100 mg daily, pravastatin 20 mg daily and furosemide 40 mg daily. Her most recent blood work showed an A1C of 8% (7.4 and 7.1 last year), TSH - 0.29 (0.4 -4.5 mIU/ml), FT4 - 1.1 (0.8–1.8 ng/ml), metabolic panel showed plasma glucose of 283 mg/dl along with normal electrolytes and kidney function. The patient was admitted to hospital about a week ago with flu like illness and high fever and was found to be COVID positive and was discharged home with instructions on isolation and follow up. However, while at home she noticed hyperglycemia 400–500 mg/dl despite oral agents, associated with polyuria and polydipsia but no nausea or vomiting. Given the significant symptomatic hyperglycemia along with symptomatic COVID infection it was clear that she acutely needed insulin therapy. As the patient was insulin naïve and COVID positive, there were several barriers in initiating insulin without hospitalization: we could not get her into the Endocrine office and she was declined ED evaluation because of her COVID positivity. She and the family were relatively computer novice so could not access our electronic health record video system. After discussion over the phone, our certified diabetes educator walked them through the process of downloading an app for video communication. Utilizing remote video communication, the patient's 20-year-old grandson was educated on all the steps of Insulin use for the patient as she was still delirious. Gratifyingly, she responded well to initiation of insulin and subsequent glucoses were in the 100's along with improvement in her symptoms. Conclusion: This case emphasizes how team effort and the zeal of health care community to serve patients can overcome shortcomings.


Abstract. In order to study the relationship between seizures and the thyrotropin‐releasing hormone (TRH) neural system, immunoreactive TRH (IR‐TRH) and TRH receptor binding activity were determined by pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)‐induced seizures and amygdaloid (AM) kindling. IR‐TRH markedly increased in the septum 40 and 150 seconds after the PTZ injection. A significant increase in the IR‐TRH concentrations was also noted in the hippocampus and thalamus/midbrain 40 and 150 seconds after the PTZ injection, respectively. However, no significant changes were observed in the TRH receptor binding before, during or after the PTZ‐induced seizures. In addition, a lasting change in the striatal TRH receptors after AM kindling as well as a transient IR‐TRH increase in the limbic structures were seen 48 hours after AM‐kindled convulsions. TRH and its analog (DN‐1417) inhibited PTZ‐induced generalized seizures dose‐dependently. These findings indicate the involvement of the TRH neural system in seizure mechanisms, and suggest that endogenous TRH may be an antiepileptic substance in the brain.


Roadway and railway projects currently in the works will make travel from Corinth to Athens, Greece, faster and safer. The precipitous cliffs of Kakia Skala make the car journey slow and dangerous. The Greek's government's chosen solution is a 780 km long motorway that runs from Patra in the west via Athens to Thessalonika and Euzoni in the north, as well as a new railway express project that runs from Corinth to Athens, scheduled for completion in 2004 in time for the Olympic Games. Adjustments were necessary over the course of the motorway's construction. For instance, after a 1999 earthquake, the design parameters were made more stringent. Both roadway and railway tunnels were set further back into the cliffs. The construction of tunnels proved difficult because of steep slopes, tight spaces and karstic voids. Overall, however, work on the tunnels is advancing at a rapid pace.


Scholars in the multidisciplinary fields of language studies will benefit from acquiring Language and Its Normal Processingby Vivien Tartter. The volume, which functions well as a textbook or reference book, contains chapters incorporating basic concepts, themes, trends, and controversies in psycholinguistics. One of the author's principal interests in writing the book (and for us to read the book) is to "communicate the fun and excitement . . . in psycholinguistic research" (p. xv). The author successfully synthesizes research on a variety of topics: meaning and meaning processing; syntax and sentence processing; speech and its perception and production; as well as presentations on sociolinguistics; first and second language acquisition, and multilingualism; and the psychology of reading and writing printed text.


In this study we evaluated both NiCr and TaN thin-film resistor material for use with our InP technology. Thermal stability, sensitivity to oxidation, temperature coefficients, and patterning techniques were compared for the two materials. The film stoichiometry was determined using Rutherford backscattering and Auger electron spectroscopy analysis. Electron-beam evaporation of NiCr (80:20) resulted in films that were rich in Cr (30%), due to a higher vapor pressure of Cr. Thus, it was preferentially evaporated from the source. The TaN, on the other hand, was stoichiometric to within a few atomic %. This was due to better composition control with sputter deposition as opposed to electron (e)-beam evaporation from an alloy source. The NiCr showed a 5% increase in Rs when exposed to O2 plasma, and was stable for anneal temperatures of up to 300 °C. Alternatively, the TaN was stable for O2 plasma exposure, but had an increase in Rs of 5% or 10% when annealed at 300 °C in N2 or air ambients, respectively. From a fabrication point of view, the NiCr was more stable during bake cycles. However, it must be encapsulated to protect it from O2 plasma exposure. It can, therefore, be used earlier on in the process. On the other hand, TaN was more stable during plasma exposure, however, it must not be baked at high temperatures. It can thus be used at the back end of the process. The NiCr thickness required to obtain an Rs of 50 Ω/□ was around 250 A, as opposed to 800 A for the TaN. This may have an effect on electromigration issues for high current density applications. In addition, the TaN would be better in applications where resistors with higher Rs are required, such as 200 Ω/□.In this study we evaluated both NiCr and TaN thin-film resistor material for use with our InP technology. Thermal stability, sensitivity to oxidation, temperature coefficients, and patterning techniques were compared for the two materials. The film stoichiometry was determined using Rutherford backscattering and Auger electron spectroscopy analysis. Electron-beam evaporation of NiCr (80:20) resulted in films that were rich in Cr (30%), due to a higher vapor pressure of Cr. Thus, it was preferentially evaporated from the source. The TaN, on the other hand, was stoichiometric to within a few atomic %. This was due to better composition control with sputter deposition as opposed to electron (e)-beam evaporation from an alloy source. The NiCr showed a 5% increase in Rs when exposed to O2 plasma, and was stable for anneal temperatures of up to 300 °C. Alternatively, the TaN was stable for O2 plasma exposure, but had an increase in Rs of 5% or 10% when annealed at 300 °C in N2 or air ambients, respectively. Fro...


As moral-political philosophy,utilitarianism has obvious rationality and limitation.It is impossible to overcome the limitation by perfecting the theory itself or by replacing it with any other theories carrying universal truths.Balanced mechanisms composed by various value orientations that can mutually complement and correct need to be construct so as to prevent the serious unbalance or even overturning caused by the excessive relying on one culture or one value orientation(e.g.utilitarianism).


The research of the association between music and emotions investigates the emotions expressed in a song and those it provokes in the listener. Experimental designs generally lack a social context that controls the emotional origin of the songs. This study operationalizes the memories they evoke as emotional valence. With a sample of 100 individuals and 900 self-reports, the results show how semantic memory attenuates the relationship between valences and emotions. However, in aggregate terms the association remains statistically significant. This conclusion supports the use of surveys given that individual heterogeneity does not suppress the associations between valences and emotions.


Copper/steel clad plate was prepared by friction stir processing(FSP),and the interface microstructure and microhardness of the clad plate was studied.The results show that the mix of steel and copper increases with the increase of pin plug values,but the wear degree of tool pin increases,the optimum amount of insertion is 0.5 mm.The copper and steel on the interface diffuse,the metallurgical bonding of the clad interface can be obtained.The highest microhardness of the clad interface is about 288 HV,which is about 1.9 times higher than the steel.


Objective: To assess the periodontal and gingival changes during different stages of pregnancy among women in a Nigerian Teaching Hospital.
Method : Fifty three pregnant women attending the ante-natal clinic of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital, (LUTH), were included in the study while, 53 non- pregnant with mean age 29.40 ± 3.8years, and apparently healthy women with mean age 30.96 ±2.3years served as the control. Periodontal and oral hygiene status were assessed using the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN) and the Simplified Oral Hygiene (OHI-S) Indices respectively.
Result: There were a higher number of sextants with gingival bleeding and shallow pockets among the pregnant women in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters of pregnancy compared to that of the non-pregnant women. The number of sextants with gingival bleeding and shallow pocket however reduced post partum. Thus, in the pregnant women the mean number of sextants with gingival bleeding was 0.9 in 1st trimester, 1.4 in the 2nd trimester, 1.0 in the 3rd trimester and 0.1 postpartum. The mean number of sextants with pocket (code 3) was 0.1 in the 1st trimester, 0.4 in the 2nd trimester, 0.3 in the in 3rd trimester & 0.1 postpartum. Whereas in the non- pregnant group, the mean no of sextants with gingival bleeding was 0.6 at the 1st examination ,0.5 at the 2nd examination and 0.4 at the 3rd examinations and the mean number of sextants with pocket was 0.1at the 1st examination, 0.2 at the 2nd and 3rd examination. The mean OHI-S score of pregnant women increased from 2.36 ± 0.91 at the beginning of the study to 3.03±0.72 at the end of the study. While the score of the control group increased from 2.06±1.1 to 2.65±0.99.
Conclusion: The OHI-S score, gingival bleeding and pockets were higher in the pregnant than in the non –pregnant women. It is suggested that pregnant women should have routine dental check-up and early management of periodontal disease through adequate plaque control.


Phrases are often found in text in a sentence, which is in the bbc.com news text entitled "Pilkada 2020 in the Middle of the Covid-19 Pandemic: The Campaign Period begins, Face-to-Face Remaining is considered the Most Effective" The research objective was to analyze verb phrases, namely verb phrases modified, coordinative, and apologetic. The research method uses descriptive qualitative methods, with reading, note-taking, and substitution techniques, then the analysis of the research data this time uses the split method. From the research results obtained data of 11 verb phrases. With the results of this verb phrase analysis, more detailed research on verb phrase analysis can be carried out.


The Experimental Basis of Einstein's Theory.-Einstein's theory of gravitation, the general theory of relativity, has been accepted as the most satisfactory description of gravitational phenomena for more than forty years. It is a theory of great conceptual and structural elegance, and it is designed so that it automatically agrees in the appropriate limits with Galileo's observation of the equality of gravitational and inertial mass, with Newton's mechanics of gravitating bodies, and with Einstein's special theory of relativity. Leaving aside the very important matter of elegance, we wish in this section to examine the experimental basis of the theory. This basis consists of the three points of limiting agreement with earlier results just mentioned, together with certain astronomical evidence. The equality of gravitational and inertial mass was originally formulated in terms of equal accelerations for all freely falling test particles, regardless of mass or chemical composition. In this form, it is a consequence of general relativity theory insofar as test particles move in accordance with the geodesic equations for a Riemannian metric. However, the experimental evidence on freely falling particles is not of very great accuracy. Much more precise experiments were performed about half a century ago by E6tv6s and collaborators,' and are now being repeated with improved technique by Dicke.2 Since they make use of particles that are not in free fall but are subjected to nongravitational constraints, the relation with Einstein's theory is not quite so simple as just indicated. On the other hand, we can regard these experiments as establishing with great confidence the principle of equivalence, which we express in the following way: all observations made locally on a system in a static, uniform gravitational field in the absence of local background matter agree with corresponding observations made on the same system when it is subjected to an equivalent acceleration in the absence of the field. This statement of the equivalence principle goes beyond the direct evidence of the Eotv6s experiments. For -one thing, the E6tv6s experiments do not compare observations made in the presence and absence of a gravitational field, but rather compare observations made with an acceleration in one direction and a gravitational field in another. More important, the observations made are not perfectly general, but consist of mass comparisons. However, there is a great deal of physical content to a precise mass measurement, since many of the phenomena known in physics enter into it with sufficient effect to be noticeable;3-5 this occurs through the Hamiltonian of the system, of which the mass is essentially the ground-state eigenvalue. It would be remarkable if the equivalence principle were to apply to the ground states of the Hamiltonians of physics, and not also to the excited states that determine, for example, the transition frequencies. Thus, while this formulation of the equivalence principle is an extrapolation from the direct evidence of the E6tv6s experiments, it is not so great an extrapolation as might at first be supposed. The other points of contact with Einstein's theory of gravitation are most readily


This article evaluates two key extraterritorial techniques to bring human rights standards to bear on corporate misconduct, and does so through an analysis of the jurisdictional dilemma they raise. The background to the article is the difficulty of imposing human rights standards on transnational business operating in 'host' countries where, for various reasons, such standards are not implemented locally, resulting in governance gaps. Civil litigation in the company's 'home' state and 'long arm' regulation emanating from the home state are important alternative methods of establishing and enforcing human rights standards, but they engender controversy both in terms of their legitimacy under public international law and because there are a number of objections to their use that go beyond their technical legality. Concerns include intrusion into the exclusive jurisdiction of the host state to control this litigation or to determine and follow its own regulatory policy in this area, and the related concern about home state imperialism/neocolonialism. The article evaluates whether these concerns raise true dilemmas. For those that do, it offers suggestions for how to adapt or refine extraterritorial techniques.


PURPOSE: A touch panel, and a display device having the same are provided to include a touch sensing structure directly formed on a phase delay layer and/or a polarizing plate, thereby reducing a thickness of the touch panel. CONSTITUTION: A polarizing plate (35) is arranged on a phase delay layer (20). A touch sensing structure (30) comprises at least one kind of sensing patterns (15,25) which are directly formed on one or more surfaces of at least one surface of the phase delay layer and at least one surface of the polarizing plate. A bonding layer (40) is arranged on the polarizing plate. A window (45) is arranged on the bonding layer. The touch sensing structure comprises a plurality of first detection patterns directly formed on the bottom surface of the phase delay layer and a plurality of second detection patterns directly formed on the upper surface of the phase delay layer. The first and second detection patterns are extended in directions in which the first and second detection patterns intersect to each other.


The thermal conductivity of the organic superconductor tetramethyltetraselenafulvalene perchlorate, (TMTSF)2ClO4, has been measured between 300K and 4.2K. A significant monotonic decrease of the conductivity has been observed below 50K. The low-temperature thermal conductivity is sensitive to the application of a 5 T magnetic field up to 30K. These results are consistent with the picture of superconducting fluctuations existing far above the actual superconducting transition temperature at about 1.2K.


A method for determining location of a femto cell (101-103) with the following steps: Receiving at least one broadcasting signal (121-123) by the femto cell (101-103), wherein a broadcast signal is a radio signal of a stationary radio transmitter (161-163) having a compared to mobile radio signals high range and low carrier frequency that is not for the cellular mobile radio is provided, and is not associated with mobile, Evaluating information about at least one received broadcast signal, the information comprising the receivable at the location of the femtocell radio signals, and determining the location of the femtocell depending on the evaluation, wherein the evaluating the information comprises comparing the information with receivable in a scheduled location of the femto cell broadcast signals and depending on the comparing comprises activation of a mobile coverage within the area covered by the femto cell area (20).


Background: The presence of cell cycle markers in postmortem Alzheimer's disease (AD) brains suggest a potential role of cell cycle activation in AD. It was shown that cell cycle activation in postmitotic neurons in mice produces Aβ and tau pathologies from endogenous mouse proteins in the absence of AβPP or tau mutations. Objective: In this study, we examined the microglial and astrocytic responses in these mice since neuroinflammation is another key pathological feature in AD. Methods: Our neuronal cell cycle re-entry (NCCR) mouse model are bitransgenic mice heterozygous for both Camk2a-tTA and TRE-SV40T. Using this tet-off system, we triggered NCCR in our animals via neuronal expression of SV40T starting at 1 month of age. TRE-SV40T Tg mice were used as SV40T transgene controls. The animals were examined at following time points: 2, 3, 4, 6, and 12 months of age. The microglia and astrocyte responses in our mice were determined by image analysis and stereology on brain sections immunofluorescently labeled using the following antibodies: Iba1, CD45, CD68, MHCII, and GFAP. Cellular senescent marker p16 was also used in this study. Results: Our NCCR mice demonstrate early and persistent activation of microglia and astrocytes. Additionally, proinflammatory and senescent microglia phenotype and brain leukocyte infiltration is present at 12 months of age. Conclusion: In the absence of FAD gene mutations, our NCCR mice simultaneously display many of the pathological changes associated with AD, such as ectopic neuronal cell cycle re-entry, Aβ and tau pathologies, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration. These animals represent a promising alternative AD mouse model.


We find dividends do matter to shareholders, but more in declining markets than advancing ones. Dividend-paying stocks outperform non-dividend-paying stocks by 1 to 2% more per month in declining markets than in advancing markets. These results are economically and statistically significant and robust to many risk adjustments and across industries. In addition, we find an asymmetric response to dividend changes based on market conditions: dividend increases matter more in declining markets than advancing ones. Tests indicate that results are not due to more profitable firms and appear not to be caused either by free cash flow or signaling explanations. We also find that it is the existence of dividends, and not the dividend yield, that drives returns' asymmetric behavior relative to market movements.


Abstract Three new species of Anasa Amyot and Serville (Heteroptera: Coreidae), Anasa byssoidecerus Brailovsky and Barrera from Peru and Anasa rapax Brailovsky and Barrera and Anasa onorei Brailovsky and Barrera from Ecuador, are described. Habitus illustrations and drawings of the pronotum, male genital capsule, and paramere are provided.


This work has proposed to develop and implement a model of an efficient unmanned Metro Train using train scheduling software with automated control system. Model developed for Metro Train with sensors, wireless communication, control system and GPS to control train remotely or by itself and prevents trains from disaster. All information are available in database, so it's easy to schedule a train for any journey. All process will be done automatically, so administrator would not worry about scheduling and allocating track for particular session. Through the exchange of information between train and computer server control unit, the train schedule software produces more reliable and precise core train control data, trains starts moving or stop according to generated data instructions and scheduled time. Because of this continuous communication train's movement on track can seen on server's monitor screen on some stations. This generated data instructions will stored in train control system as in cache, this cache can be used as a backup if computer server get down or communication fails. If two trains come on same track or two trains become in front of each other then train will be automatically stop, this activity can be seen on computer's screen.


The state, selection achievements of triticale culture from Poland, its distribution, acreage, and yield are analyzed. In 2007 – 2009, 52 varieties of winter triticale were studied, in 2013 – 2016 — 17 varieties, and in 2018 – 2019 — 20 new varieties from Poland were tested in the Moscow oblast'. Polish short-stemmed varieties Grenado Argento and Korvetto under the conditions of Moscow and other regions have a complex of economically valuable features and properties, so they are used in the selection programs of scientific centers in Russia. In the 2017 – 2019, the study of the gene pool in the Moscow oblast' identified Polish varieties Felo (k-4010), Hortense (k-4012), Preco/Kill/Rex/Aos/Rex, having a moderately short stem (95 – 110 cm), increased resistance to winter stress (7 – 9 points), snow mold (5 – 7 points) and brown rust (9 points), as well as a large, well-watered ear (56 – 59 achenes) with a grain weight of 2.8 – 3.1 g, 1000 grains — 50 – 52 g, and grains/m2 — 860 – 890 g. In 2007 – 2018 more than 100 Polish cultivars were studied using a set of indicators. The most valuable of them were used in the development of new, more advanced lines and varieties of triticale. Created with the introduction in the State register of highly productive (more than 10 tons/ha of grain) winter variety triticale Kapella. The source material for its production by the method of ecological mutagenesis was a variety of spring triticale from Poland (k-2045), which has a set of valuable indicators.


: This study aims to analyze the influence of Information Sharing Against supplier performance Through Supplier Trust and Supplier Sinergy on Original Shoe Retailer in Yogyakarta and South Sumatera. The research method used survey method used to obtain primary data through questionnaires. The sampling technique in this study uses the census method; the object of this study is the Original Shoe Retailer in the Special Region of Yogyakarta and South Sumatera. The results of this study indicate that information sharing has a positive effect on supplier performance. Information sharing has a positive effect on supplier trust. Information sharing has a positive effect on supplier synergy. Supplier trust has a positive effect on supplier performance. Supplier synergy has a positive effect on supplier performance. Synergy suppliers are not able to mediate the effect of information sharing on supplier performance. Supplier trust cannot mediate the effect of information sharing on supplier performance in Original Shoe Retailer.


Library and information professionals are faced with the challenge of acquiring a new skill which has been brought about by the rapid and dynamic development of the Internet in recent years, that of webpage design. Librarians need to have an understanding of basic concepts involved in webpage design but more importantly of the principles which constitute an accessible and effective website.
This presentation will deal with the "art" of creating useable and accessible websites and provide pointers on some of the problems and pitfalls in website design. Additionally we will share useful tips and advises on how to create or improve a website that will attract and hold the attention of its users. Finally the last part of the presentation will tackle the issue of accessible websites for visually impaired and blind people.