The MorphoSyntactic Disambiguation Problem (MSDP) similarly to the Part-Of-Speech (POS) disambiguation problem attracts researchers' attention in NLP since it became obvious that certain partial analyses can be useful in practice for such tasks as document indexing, reducing the ambiguity in subsequent parsing stages and others. The interest in this problem is also supported by the hope that it is decidable with a high percentage of certainty without deep syntactic analysis to be involved. In languages with rich morphology, like Bulgarian, the tagset is likely to increase in size (for example, for one of the Spanish tagsets [...,] the number of the tags is as high as 475. (Garside, Leech and McEnery 1997)). Hence de ning an adequate tagging scheme becomes a question of importance. The main problem with having so many tags is the well-known problem of the sparseness of a corpus, i.e. from a set of linguistic descriptions only a few are frequent in the corpus. Thus representativeness with respect to all grammatical features relies on the very large size of the corpus. This phenomenon motivated us to choose compositional tags instead of atomic ones. As each word in our corpus is connected with a bunch of grammatical features, it happens that less amount of text demonstrates more dependencies between these features.


The issue of erroneous measurements obtained from the use of search engines was considered in the case of webometric indicator «site size» measured for a set of websites of the Russian Academy of Sciences. An approach to «smoothing» the errors of search engines, based on results obtained from scanning of sites using author's program BeeCrawler is offered.


The related components in superposed capillary electrophoretic image were quantitatively analyzed with artificial neural network.The results showed that the quantitative analysis abilities of 2 kinds of neural network model on related components in capillary electrophoretic image were decreased with the increase of noise level of capillary electrophoretic image.While the quantitative analysis ability of multilayer perceptron neural network model on related components in superposed capillary electrophoretic image was increased with the increase of total resolution of capillary electrophoretic image.


Victoria swept up an impressive total of four Awards at the PIA National Awards for Planning Excellence 2017, representing a third of the national total. These included the coveted Planning Champion Award for the third year in a row. The Planning Champion Award recognises a non-planner who is promoting good planning or the planning profession to the public. This year it went to well-known Melbourne-based SGS economist, Terry Rawnsley. The judging panel lauded Terry for bringing media attention to important urban policy issues and for helping to 'highlight the need for positive planning action' to bolster our knowledge economy.


Substance use among patients with schizophrenia in a university hospital Objective: Individuals with schizoprenia are known to be at increased risk for comorbid substance use disorders compared to the general population. The aim of the study was to identify the prevalence of substance use and abuse among a group of patients with schizophrenia. Methods: Forty-nine schizophrenic patients were assessed with Structured Clinical Interview for DSM IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I) for schizophrenia and substance use disorders. Demographic and clinical characteristics were investigated in a semistructured interview. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Clinical Global Impression Scale (CGI), Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) were used to evaluate the psychiatric symptomatology, and Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale (ESRS) for extrapyramidal side effects. Fagerstrom Nicotine Tolerance Questionnaire was used for the severity of nicotine dependence. The CAGE Questionnaire and Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) were used for screening alcohol related problems. Results: The prevalence of current cigarette smoking was 69.4%. The prevalence of current alcohol use was 44.9%, 8.2% were considered to be alcohol abusers. Only one patient (2%) diagnosed as cannabis abuse. Demographic and clinical characteristics were not found to be significantly associated with cigarette and alcohol use. While the prevalence of cigarette smoking in patients with schizophrenia was high, the prevalence of alcohol and cannabis use was low compared to other countries. Conclusion: We conclude that the high level of family support and/or a low prevalence of alcohol and substance use among general population together with non-availability of illicit substances may account for these findings.


Practically all organizations achieve their objectives by building a portfolio of activities subject to budgetary restrictions and other constraints. Such decision problems involve decision makers facing alternative courses of action, which, if selected, consume resources and lead to multi-dimensional consequences. Research in the area of "Portfolio Decision Analysis (PDA)" strives to bring greater rationality and transparency to such resource allocation decisions.

In the past thirty years a vast number of publications have proposed different mathematical programming models for PDA problems, considering specific (real-life) decision environments. In order to support organizations in selecting suitable PDA methodologies, the Chair of Operations Management is developing a categorization framework for PDA decision problems and their mathematical formulations.

This thesis shall summarize and categorize mathematical modeling approaches for PDA problems with focus on the consideration of information reliability, i.e. the level of uncertainty of problem parameters as budgetary constraints, benefits or cost. Based on a literature survey on mathematical modeling of PDA problems, relevant modeling approaches for uncertainty and typically considered side constraints of portfolio problems shall be identified, formally defined and structured. This problem formulation framework shall be applied to a database of PDA literature, provided by the chair, in order to investigate the suitability of PDA methodologies for different uncertainty environments.


Phosphorus (P) is a component of phospholipids, nucleic acids and molecules that store energy. It increases yield and water and nutrients use efficiency. Phosphorus turfgrass content is essential for root development, and, indirectly, nutrient uptake. The aim of this research was to determine soil and turfgrass blade phosphorus dynamics on two recreational (parks Bundek and Jarun) and two sports (Hippodrome and SP Mladost) turfgrasses in the city of Zagreb and determine adequate fertilization. Soil and plant material sampling was performed three times during the growing season 2012 in each of the four investigated locations. The results showed that, generally, soil phosphorus content was low or even turfgrass blade phosphorus content was on the lower end of optimal supply range. Soil phosphorus values ranged from 1.78 to 6.78 mg P2O5 100 g-1, while turfgrass blade phosphorus content ranged from 0.15 to 0.45 % P. Sampling time does not affect turfgrass blade phosphorus content. Due to the particularly low soil and turfgrass blade phosphorus status, special attention when designing the fertilization program should be given to phosphorus application with at least 10 g of P2O5 m-2 in the early spring, and, if necessary, with 1 g of P2O5 m-2 during the growing season. Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */
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In order to increase the safety of masonry arch bridges, a new technique, called "RAM" Reinforced Arch Method, has been recently developed by the author. The different blocks of an arch transmit compression forces to each other, and as long as the force stays within the central "core" of the section, all the stresses across the section will be compressive. If the resulting load moves out of the central zone, the masonry bricks detach themselves, giving rise to hinge-points, as the mortar joints are not able to resist tensile stresses. While a three-pin arch is still a statically determinate structural form, the fourth hinge converts the arch into a mechanism and collapse occurs. It is possible to prevent the formation of almost one family of hinges (the extrados or the intrados ones), by introducing post-tensioned cables, able to stand the tensile stresses. Loading the arch in radial direction, the cables increase the average compression between the blocks and improve their resistance to pressure-flexure. The same tension applied to the cables, in fact, is transferred to the masonry, that will mainly work in compression. More than 500 small and medium scale tests on arches of different shape and 12 real cases have been performed, with results of absolute interest. The tests show that it is possible to strongly increase the collapse load of the arch, even preserving reversibility and respecting the original static behavior of the structure. No additional weight is needed (that is a relevant factor in seismic areas) and no shape modification of the arch is required. Moreover the confining actions can be re-calibrated where and how it is necessary. The "RAM Method" represents an innovative, easy, quick and cheap instrument for a respectful consolidation of masonry arch bridges. Figure 1. Funicular polygon of an arch (A.Giuffrè, 1992). In the second collapse mechanism, the thrust line is safe in terms of horizontal loads, but in various points it is tangent to the extrados or the intrados of the arch. Increasing the loads, a failure mechanism will occur with the formation of, at least, four plastic hinges. Four plastic hinges will form in a non-symmetric case (Figure 2), while in a symmetric case five hinges will take form. Figure 2. Non–symmetric or symmetric loads cause the formation of four or five plastic hinges in an arch (Heyman 1966). 2 THE "RAM"REINFORCED ARCH METHOD In masonry arches the formation of plastic hinges give rise to cracks in the intrados or the extrados side of the arch. If it were possible to prevent the formation of at least one plastic hinge among the two families (either of intrados or extrados ones) the failure of the arch could not occur. In fact, a three-pin arch is a satisfactory, statically determinate, structural form and, as a consequence, the funicular polygon related to a given distribution of load is unique. A possible solution to avoid the formation of hinges is the use of a distributed reinforcement, applied to the extrados or the intrados of the arch. It is possible to use FRP or steel reinforcing bars, able to resist in tension. It is important to add that if post-tensioned cables are adopted (working as an "active" system), a radial distribution of forces is immediately applied to the arch. This new load distribution induces an axial compression between the blocks and, as a consequence, the thrust line is re-centered. The main purpose of the "RAM" Method is to modify the distribution of loads acting on the arch so that the combination of the old loads plus the new loads get be the "right one" for the given and known geometry of the arch. As shown by experiments and calculations, the proposed technique achieves results that are equivalent, in many cases even better, than the ones obtained with the more traditional (but much more invading) method that consists in a "passive" concrete layer, poured over the arch, at the extrados. Using the RAM method, the additional reinforcing elements (i.e. the cables) do not interfere with the in situ masonry material and respect the original structural behaviour of the existing bridge. Figure 3. Interaction forces between the cable (in tension) and the arch (in compression) when a post-tensioned cable is placed at the extrados (A) or at the intrados (B). 2.1 Experimental tests Large scale experimental tests have been conducted to measure the improvement of safety obtained with the adoption of RAM Method. Several tests were undertaken by the author in which the arches have been subjected either to vertical loads or to horizontal-seismic loads. The experimental tests showed that it is possible to increase the ultimate load of the arch, even preserving reversibility in the consolidation procedure and respecting the original static building concept. No additional weight is needed (that is a relevant factor in seismic areas) and no modification of shape is requested. The applied confining actions can be calibrated where and how it is necessary. The first experimental campaign was conducted in 1996, when twelve brick masonry arch specimens, 200 cm span and 12 cm thick, were built and tested to collapse. A B Figure 4. Experimental tests on masonry arches (Jurina, Cultreri, Savoldelli, 1996). Table 1. Experimental results showing the Reinforced Arch Method compared with other methods (Jurina, Cultreri, Savol-


The current study aims to investigate the impact of reward and punishment on students' learning behavior. This paper is quantitative in nature. The study used questionnaire approach and acquired data from school teachers of D.G Khan, are selected as sample of the study. The study used convenient and simple random sampling technique for data acquisition. Moreover, paired sample T test approach is used to test correlation of variables. Hence it is concluded that both reward and punishment has positive significant impact on students' learning behavior whereas punishment has greater impact and role towards learning behavior.


Summary form only as given. The authors study efficiency differences among Finnish senior secondary schools by data envelopment analysis (DEA). The results also show that the rankings of schools by matriculation examination scores (an output variable) differed markedly from rankings by efficiency. As a second stage after DEA analysis, they explained the degree of inefficiency by a statistical Tobit model. Somewhat surprisingly, private schools were inefficient relative to public schools, and grant ratios, i.e. ratios of state grants to accepted or actual educational expenditures, had in some models a positive and significant effect on efficiency.


We propose to describe the process p p̄ → π+ π− in a perturbative, QCD motivated framework in which a hard udūd̄ → d d̄ annihilation factorizes from soft transition distribution amplitudes. We advocate that the scale allowing for this factorization is the large transverse momentum transfer. In our simplified model, in which the proton is considered as a (scalar)diqark-quark system, a transition distribution amplitude describes the non-perturbative transition of the proton to the meson by emission of a scalar, isoscalar ud-diquark and absorption of an antiquark (analogously for p̄ → π−). We model the transition distribution amplitudes as an overlap of light-cone wave functions and present first results for the differential cross section. This process will be measured by the experiment at GSI-FAIR.


Age is considered as a major risk factor for atherosclerosis, but it is unknown whether age has a direct effect on the development of atherosclerotic lesions. We compared atherosclerotic lesion formation at the aortic root of young (10 weeks) and old (53 weeks) female C57BL/6 mice, which develop atherosclerosis only when fed a high fat/cholesterol diet containing cholate (the Paigen diet). Mice were fed the atherogenic diet for 12 weeks. We found that the old mice developed comparable sizes of aortic lesions as did the young mice (5600 ± 2480 vs. 6457± 1537 μm2/section; n=14 to 15). Old mice displayed significantly increased levels of total cholesterol and triglyceride compared to young mice on the atherogenic diet (P < 0.05). Plasma levels of vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM‐1) were significantly higher in old mice than in young mice on either chow or Western diet (P < 0.005). These data demonstrate that age has no direct effect on atherosclerotic lesion formation although it elevates plasma lipid and VCAM‐1 levels in C57BL/6 mice. These data also suggests that inflammation may contribute to increased clinical event in elder atherosclerosis patients.


The last 10-20 years have seen a rapid growth of elder care homes across major Chinese cities, primarily in the private sector. Given ongoing demographic shifts, family changes, and profound socioeconomic transformations in China, the rise of institutional elder care seems all but inevitable to meet the growing demand for long-term care of a rapidly aging population. As this new industry expands rapidly, it is imperative for Chinese policymakers to institute a formalized regulatory structure as soon as possible. To this end, building an information infrastructure is essential to enhance regulatory oversight and quality monitoring in Chinese long-term care facilities.


Nearly single‐phase samples of superconducting Tl–Ba–Ca–Cu–O ''2234'' were successfully synthesized. The sample sintered in air had Tc of 112 K. Post‐annealing of the sintered sample in a high‐pressure oxygen gas made its Tc increase up to 115 K. The sample sintered in argon gas had Tc of 90 K. The thermoelectric power (TEP) of the sample was also measured. All the samples showed positive TEP signals. The magnitude of TEP signal decreased as Tc increased. Thus, it was likely that the as‐sintered 2234 phase was in an under‐doped state with respect to the optimum carrier concentration.


Based on the analysis of the registered data related to the dynamic pyrolisys, gasification and thermochemical conversion of the wooden raw material the conclusion is drawn about the economic feasibility of producing qualitative liquid fuels on their basis.


The current N-leucine infusion technique may overestimate the ileal endogenous nitrogen losses in pigs. To determine the reason, we infused four cannulated pigs intravenously, fed them a pea-based diet with N-leucine, and examined some methodological variables. Neither the blood sampling time nor the choice of precursor pool (total N or amino acid N of deproteinized plasma) or the method of estimation of the isotopic equilibrium level significantly affected the results. On the other hand, the N-enrichment of purified mucin, isolated from ileal digesta, was higher than that of the plasma amino acid pool (0.114 vs. 0.077 atom % excess). The endogenous proportion of the labeled amino acids (Ala, Gly, Ile, Leu and Val) in the ileal digesta ranged from 23 (Leu) to 74% (Ala), compared with 70% for total N. The low value of leucine was ascribed to the constant marker infusion condition. In pigs infused with C-leucine, a similar endogenous proportion was obtained for lumenal leucine with C-leucine and N-leucine infusion. However, the C-enrichment of the leucine bound to mucin was markedly lower than that of plasma leucine (38%). The endogenous amino acid flows were also estimated by combining the ileal N flow measured with N and the endogenous amino acid profile obtained by means of an N-free diet. They were different from those obtained with the N-amino acid dilution technique. We conclude that the precursor pool currently used (plasma total N or total a-amino acid N pools) is a poor indicator of the enrichment of the secretions and that the infusion of one labeled amino acid is not sufficient to extend the method at the amino acid level. J. Nutr. 128: 1961–1968, 1998.


Concern that risks outweighed the possible benefits of estrogen use caused the cessation of the Women's Health Initiative Estrogen-Alone Trial. However, researchers decided to continue monitoring patients for outcomes despite the study protocol discontinuation to gain insight into the long-term effects of the conjugated equine estrogens (CEE) therapy. What they found was surprising—and somewhat positive.


In this work, the influence of a phosphorus modification on a H-ZSM-5 catalyst was researched for the dehydration reaction of ethanol. The phosphorus modification was obtained through two different methods: the wet impregnation method and the solvent method. The phosphorus content was determined through ICP and XRF. The surface and acid characteristics were investigated through nitrogen adsorption desorption and ammonia-TPD. The activity and selectivity of the different catalysts were researched through the HTK-2 set-up (LCT, 914, Zwijnaarde) at a temperature of 230°C, with a pressure of 5bar and an ethanol pressure of 0.38bar. Results of N2-adsorption desorption and NH4-TPD revealed that the introduction of phosphorus through the solvent method was not successful. The selectivity results obtained from HTK-2 indicate that there is an optimal phosphorus loading for the formation of ethylene through the dehydration of ethanol.


The utility model relates to an anti-freezing equipment control system, comprising a PLC programmable controller, an electrical control box used for controlling the working state of the PLC programmable controller, a temperature sensor, an electric heater, an electric heater control loop, and a control power supply, wherein the control power supply supplies electric power to the PLC programmable controller and the electric heater control loop after current converting through an AC converting apparatus, the temperature sensor is connected with the PLC programmable controller through signals, the electric heater control loop is controlled by the PLC programmable controller, the electric heater control loop comprises the electric heater, an electromagnetic leakage protection accessory, a breaker, a contactor, and a thermal overload relay, the electromagnetic leakage protection accessory is combined with the breaker and connected with the electric heater through signals, and the electric heater is orderly connected with the contactor and the thermal overload relay through signals. The anti-freezing equipment control system is strong in environment adaptability, can normally work in cold environments and is excellent in safety and reliability.


Organic syntheses oriented towards 'Green Chemistry' have attracted considerable interest in the last decades, resulting in novel environmentally friendly processes; and as examples of processes we may cite multi-component reactions, the use of green aqueous media and polymer-supported catalysis. In particular, multi-component reactions (MCRs) have become a powerful synthetic strategy for modern pharmaceutical product discovery and development, owing to merits that include high atom economy, synthetic convergence, and the generation of molecular complexity from readily available initial reactants via a one-pot operation. Water is a safe, abundant, non-toxic and non-flammable solvent, which accords with green chemistry principles; thus the one-pot multicomponent synthesis of pharmacologically active heterocyclics using environmentally benign catalysts in water has emerged as a fundamental tactic in green synthetic methodology. The tetrahydrobenzo[4,5]imidazo[2,1-b]quinazolin-1(2H)-ones are valuable heterocyclic compounds, which display favorable biological and pharmacological properties. These include antihypertensive, anticonvulsant and anti-cancer activities. Several catalytic systems for the construction of these heterocycles have been noted; among these are H6P2W18O62 18H2O, silica sulfuric acid, [bmim][BF4], NH2SO3H, molecular iodine, [bmim]Br, p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate, Fe3O4@chitosan nanocatalyst, SBA-Pr-SO3H, 15 nano-WO3-supported sulfonic acid, 16 nano-SiO2, 17 acetic acid, hybrid magnetic Irish moss/Fe3O4, 19 [H-Suc]HSO4, 20 RHA-[pmim]HSO4, 21 guanidinium chloride, choline chloride:glycerol, [H2-DABCO][HSO4]2, 24 [MPyrrSO3H]Cl and [MMorSO3H]Cl, 25 [DABCO](SO3H)2(Cl)2 and [DABCO](SO3H)2(HSO4)2, 26 NSC4(DABCO-SO3H)2) 4Cl, Fe3O4@SiO2-ZrCl2 magnetic nanoparticles, graphene oxide-based magnetite composite nanocatalyst, Fe3O4@SiO2@L-proline, 30 Cu@Fe3O4 MNPs, KIT-5-Pr-SO3H, 32 Fe3O4@C-SO3H, 33 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol or choline chloride/glycerol, iron oxide@PMO-ICS-PrSO3H, 35 and magnetic cyanoguanidine-modified chitosan. At the same time, microwave irradiation and ultrasound irradiation have been used to facilitate this reaction. As might be expected for any novel development, some of these catalytic systems incur shortcomings: harmful organic solvents, harsh reaction conditions, the need for special apparatus, lengthy workup operations or


Abstract : This paper reports on a detailed analysis of the buoyant rise of fireballs in the earth's atmosphere. Formulae for the rise velocity and height, and the density, mass, radius and expansion velocity of the fireball are given. The computation of fireball temperature is discussed in detail; no explicit expression could be given because of the nature of the problem. The assumptions and simplifications on which the analysis rests are summarized in a separate section. In order to facilitate applications, a complete numerical example is given. Frequently used quantities are calculated and presented in graphical and tabular form.


Energy efficiency of commercial and institutional buildings is a topic that has continued to gain interest as sustainability, green and high performance buildings gain the attention of building owners, facility managers, engineers, architects and other professionals within the built environment. To support this area of interest, tools are needed. The aim of this paper is to summarize the development and testing of a decision support system that links energy and maintenance management to help facility managers make proactive energy and maintenance management decisions to help achieve sustainability and energy efficiency goals for heating, ventilating and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems. The decision support system was developed using a multimethodlogy, mixed methods approach. Three case studies and a questionnaire were used as the foundation to develop the rules to code the decision support system. The decision support system was tested by 56 industry participants and evaluated by 38 of the test participants. Overall, the evaluations revealed that the decision support system was helpful to very helpful and useful to very useful. It is concluded that the decision support system can be an effective tool to help facility managers make combined energy and maintenance management decisions to meet sustainability goals and transition more proactive energy and maintenance management practices.


Hardness spots are local areas with increased hardness on the surface of semi-finished or end products in steel manufacturing. The cause of these hardness spots is attributed to effects in the casting or rolling process. as of stochastic nature, only a reliable non-destructive testing (ndt) technique, applied as a 100% surface examination can detect infected areas, of which, the individual hardness value is verified, by performing Leeb hardness measurements, in accordance with the given standard. The ndt-techniques developed by diLLinger and rohmann, to detect the hardness spots, are due to an eddy current (ec) procedure which in two consecutively developed variants came into application, named ec and ec+. Whereas the ec procedure is asking for shot-blasted surfaces, to re- move the rolling skin (scale), avoiding larger scatter in the ec-impedance data, the ec+ procedure is applied without shot blasting. The contribution reports to the systems and the development of an inspection and testing Program (iPt) which was qualified, according the guidelines of the Brit- ish standards institution Pd cen//tr 14748. special emphasis is on the discussion of reliability.


This chapter discusses the erroneous construction of instigation as a mode of participation in crimes against humanity under Article 6(1) and how it becomes a legal puzzle in cases where there is a confluence between instigation as a mode of participation under Article 6(1) and direct and public incitement to commit genocide being an inchoate crime under Article 2(3)(c). Author outlines why he considers that the Trial and Appeal Chambers of ICTR have erred in their construction of Article 6(1) and instigation as one of its modes in particular. The purpose is to fix this area of the law by identifying lapses in current jurisprudence on instigation and making it better by analysing the wording of Article 6(1). This is done through a strict construction of Article 6(1), an examination of cases which the Trial Chambers of ICTR have adjudicated, and consultation of academic writers on the subject of instigation. Keywords:Article 2(3)(c); Article 6(1); ICTR; problematic jurisprudence; Trial and Appeal Chambers


Abstract : The monograph entitled 'Isochoric Heat Capacity of Water and Stream' is the first attempt to generalize investigations on isochoric heat capacity of water and steam, undertaken at the Dagestan branch of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR since 1950. The need to publish these results stems from the fact that experimental studies on isochoric heat capacity of water and steam and other liquids over a wide range of temperatures and pressures had not been previously undertaken. The explanation for this lies in the serious experimental difficulties faced by research workers in developing a suitable method. The practical aspect of the study of heat capacity is particularly important now, as the resolution of the Soviet National Committee on Properties of Water and Steam stipulates the creation of uniform State tables of thermodynamic properties of water and steam to temperatures of 800 deg C and pressures of 1000 bars. The values os isochoric heat capacity could not be included in the existing skeletal tables, since such studies had not been undertaken.


Blockchains provide environments where parties can interact transparently and securely peer-to-peer without needing a trusted third party. Parties can trust the integrity and correctness of transactions and the verifiable execution of binary code on the blockchain (smart contracts) inside the system. Including information from outside of the blockchain remains challenging. A challenge is data privacy. In a public system, shared data becomes public and, coming from a single source, often lacks credibility. A private system gives the parties control over their data and sources but trades in positive aspects as transparency. Often, not the data itself is the most critical information but the result of a computation performed on it. An example is research data certification. To keep data private but still prove data provenance, researchers can store a hash value of that data on the blockchain. This hash value is either calculated locally on private data without the chance for validation or is calculated on the blockchain, meaning that data must be published and stored on the blockchain -- a problem of the overall data amount stored on and distributed with the ledger. A system we called moving smart contracts bypasses this problem: Data remain local, but trusted nodes can access them and execute trusted smart contract code stored on the blockchain. This method avoids the system-wide distribution of research data and makes it accessible and verifiable with trusted software.


Currently, preferential taxation policies have become an important administrative method for local governments in China to stimulate and promote economic development. Good and bad local tax preferential policies aim to promote GDP growth, often at the cost of deviating from the taxation rule of law. Against the background of comprehensive rule of law, in order to realize the economic and social transformation and development, the government should implement the existing local tax preferential policies in accordance with the principle of taxation law. The government can implement legal governance through the statutory scope of preferential policies, reconstruction of preferential tax reduction and exemption powers, and energy-based taxation, in order to achieve the justice of tax burden and gradually improve the environment of taxation rule of law in China


Taking the example of stabilizing road bed by mixing concrete in deep layer in Huancheng Rorabed in Zhouko,it introduces the construction skills of cement injection pile with its quality testing and discusses the quality testing methods for cement injection pile complex roadbed.


The purpose of this article is to present the importance of the discipline Theories of Educating and Teacher Training in the curriculum of the masters and doctorate courses of the Postgraduate Program in Education of the State University of Ceara (PPGE / UECE), whose students, mostly, they are professors from the elementary schools of the municipalities and states of Brazilian Northeast.  The study is anchored in the perspective of the Marxian-Lukacsian ontology, of a theoretical-bibliographic nature, it apprehends the theoretical corpus of the studies from Commenius to Saviani.  In addition, the studies of classics to contemporaries, contribute with a kind of program theorist,reinforcing  the relationships between theory and practice in the training of educators, and therefore, reverberated in their praxis.


Superior Person or Petty Person is the general standard to distinguish good or bad person in the Chinese traditional culture. Through the analysis of ancient books, the author proposes that the distinction of superior person and petty person is not only the moral aspect, but also has extension of the social status, addressing people, relationship between husband and wife, and wisdom and fool, etc.


Interactions between copper chalcogenides in pseudobinary systems are represented by single-type phase diagrams, which are characterized by a continuous series of solid solutions between high-temperature forms of Cu{sub 2}B{sup VI} and by a common liquidus-solidus minimum point. Low-temperature portions of the phase diagrams are very complicated and unclear to date. Thermodynamic analysis of the pseudobinary phase diagrams showed that the high-temperature solid solutions and corresponding melts can be considered as regular. Electrophysical properties of the individual copper chalcogenides determine the properties of the solid solutions and their melts. It was clearly shown in that the compounds Cu{sub 2}B{sup VI} are semiconductors with an interesting combination of electrophysical characteristics. The melts of these compounds retain semiconducting properties and are of certain practical interest as candidates for high-temperature heterophase thermoelements. The molten binary solutions of copper chalcogenides also are liquid semiconductors. Because of this, the more in-depth study of structural features of these melts is of interest. The aim of this work was to study the temperature and composition dependences of viscosities of melts for three pseudobinary systems of copper chalcogenides.


Jean-Paul Sartre's text Orphee Noir (1948) opens up and profoundly shapes the adaptation of the myth of Orpheus as an interpretive framework for the emergence and celebration of black poetic voices. Thus, Marcel Camus' film Orfeu Negro (1959), which transposes the motif to the Rio of the 1950s, is a far cry from the treatment of the myth in Vinicius de Moraes's play Orfeu da Conceicao (1953/1956) by which it claims to have been inspired. The imposition of the binary structure devised by Sartre to explain the rise of the negritude movement on the Brazilian context leads to a mismatch Carlos Diegues attempts to remediate in his 1999 film Orfeu. Since the 1970s, African authors have been creating works in which they appropriate the ancient myth. The novel Orphee Dafric (1981) by Cameroonian author Werewere Liking illustrates the practice of hybridization that is characteristic of postcolonial aesthetics and that implies the deconstruction of the initial mythical narrative.


In this paper, the Individual Diagnosis and Treatment System (IDTS) based on Chinese Traditional Medicine were studied by using of Data Mining technology in detail. Especially for Coronary disease, by gathering clinical information widely, the IDTS can be established and inconspicuous information could be found, which would be very important and helpful for Chinese Traditional Medicine to improve the clinical diagnosis.


1 DH Okay the recorder is going. Uh my name is Doug Henning. I'm a Special Agent 2 with the Minnesota of Be, the Minnesota Bureau of Criminal Apprehension. This, 3 this is my partner Special Agent Chris OIson. Urn the date today is 7-7 of 2016. 4 The time right now is approximately 1:42. Thisli be in reference to BCA case 5 number 2016-433. Urn and we wiil be speaking with Jeronimo, J-E-R-0-N-I-M-O, 6 is that spelled correctly and you don't have a middle name? 7 JY No middle name. 8 DM Okay. Your last name is Yanez? 9 JY Yanez 10 DH Yanez? 11 JY Yeah, 12 DH And that's Y-A-N-E-Z? 13 JY Correct. 14 DH And your date of birth is 3-8 of 1988? 15 JY Correct. 16 DH Okay. What is your address at work? 17 JY 3301 Silver Lake Road Northeast, St Anthony, Minnesota 55418. 18 DH Okay and your work phone number would be 612-782-3350? 19 JY Correct. 20 DH Okay. Um, and you work for the City of St Anthony? 21 JY Correct, 22 DH In what capacity? 23 JY As a patrol officer. 24 DH Okay. Um, how long have you worked for St Anthony? 25 JY I've worked for St Anthony for about four and a half years. 26 DH Okay. Prior to working for St Anthony did you work anywhere else?


The purpose of this study is to examine compatibility test procedures proposed in the IHRA Vehicle Compatibility Working Group. Various crash tests were conducted with different vehicle weights and stiffness in our previous study, and each of the compatibility problems, namely mass, stiffness and geometric incompatibility were identified in these tests. In order to improve the compatibility, it is necessary to evaluate and control relevant vehicle characteristics of compatibility in test procedures. According to the IHRA study, relevant aspects for compatibility in frontal impact include: good structural interaction; frontal stiffness matching; maintaining passenger compartment integrity; and control of the deceleration time histories of impacting cars. Possible candidate test procedures to evaluate four items are outlined. A full width Load Cell Barrier test in which the load cell data was analyzed to evaluate structural interaction of vehicles, and some geometric indices such as Average Height Of Force, interaction area, and stiffness indices were carried out. It was found from the analysis that several candidate metrics could be identified given their high correlation with laboratory vehicle-to-vehicle crash tests. An MDB (moving deformable barrier)-to-vehicle test, which allows the mass ratio to be taken directly into account, was undertaken. Potentially it can generate a realistic delta V and vehicle acceleration pulse. It has been recognized that the MDB could be used as a representative of an actual vehicle, and it provides more flexibility in compatibility test procedures. MDB-to-vehicle tests were conducted to confirm the reproducibility of vehicle-to-vehicle tests; the test results and analysis are reported in this paper. For the covering abstract see ITRD E825082.


This work describes two newly developed computational tools that greatly improve the efficiency and the applicability of peridynamics-based software to computational mechanics. The first contribution is concerned with a new, flexible and accurate way to couple peridynamic grids to FEM meshes. The coupling produces a new computational method that applies FEM or PD discretisations where required and couples them in a way that keeps the advantages of both approaches and avoids their pitfalls. The second contribution is about a simple and accurate implicit solution of static problems in which the usual prototype microelastic brittle material (elasto-brittle) model is adopted. Finally a computational example is presented to show the potentialities of the new computational techniques.


The ability of children to acquire social skills in school years depends on various factors. Determining these factors may be a guide to help children to acquire social skills and assessing the extent to which these social skills are acquired. The aim of this study was to examine the social skills of fourth grade primary school students in terms of gender, parents' educational background, number of siblings, order of birth among siblings, perception of being loved by other members of the family, the perception of being loved by class teacher, participation degree in social activities at school, taking a reward when presenting positive behavior at home or school and academic success variables. Correlational survey method was employed in the study. The data was obtained by "Social Skill Scale" developed by Kocayörük (2000). The results of the study showed that there was a significant difference between variables such as gender, perception of being loved by people living at home, perception of being loved by class teacher, participation degree in social activities at school, taking a reward when presenting positive behaviors at home and school variables and social skill degree of the students. Moreover, statistically significant relationship was obtained between social skill levels of the students and academic achievements in Turkish, Math, Social Sciences, Music, Visual Arts, Games and Physical Activities classes.


We report on a demonstration of a planar waveguide laser configuration for single-mode operation around 1550 nm using cost-effective multimode diode pumping. The laser was fabricated by Ag film ion exchange in a hybrid phosphate glass which has active and passive regions monolithically integrated in a single glass chip. Power of 54 mW at 1538 nm was measured from the single-mode output waveguide.


Objectives: To determine the association between third trimester cerebroplacental ratio (CPR) and adverse perinatal outcomes in appropriate‐for‐gestational‐age (AGA) fetuses. To know the prevalence of pathological CP Rin low risk term pregnancies. Method: Observational prospective study in low risk singleton pregnancies which delivered over the period of January 201XX to December 201XX, who underwent an ultrasound scan where Doppler parameters were measured between 37 to 42 week of pregnancy. Ethical approval and informed consent of the patients were obtained. CPR was calculated as the ratio between the umbilical artery pulsatility index (UA-PI) and fetal middle cerebral artery plasticity index (MCA-PI). Adverse perinatal outcomes were defined as presence of pathological cardiotocography (CTG) trace, arterial cord blood pH < 7.2 and 5‐min a pgar score < 7. Data was analyzed with SPSS 17.0 statistical package. Results: A total of 150 low risk pregnancies were included. Pathological CPR was found in 10.7 % of the cases. The mean age was 31 (range 18-42) and gestational age at ultrasound was 39+3 (37 – 41.3) weeks. The median birth weight was 3390 g There was no correlation between CPR result and the need of operative delivery for fetal compromise, low neonatal pH or low a pgar and CPR. Conclusions: Our findings in this prospective study demonstrate that lower fetal CPR does not modify delivery route and is not associated with any other perinatal adverse outcome. Calculating the CPR does not add value to assessment in the prediction of adverse perinatal outcome in women with a singleton low risk gestation.


Anemia of pregnancy is a very large public health problem in the world, especially for women of reproductive age (WUS). Anemia of pregnancy is very risky for the baby to be born and will cause stunting in toddlers. This is because the nutritional intake obtained is not sufficient. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between a history of anemia in pregnancy and the incidence of stunting in children. Not all anemia of pregnancy can cause stunting in children, but it is better based on the results of this article review where there are articles that state that there is a relationship between a history of anemia and the incidence of stunting, it is hoped that mothers can prevent anemia during pregnancy. The results of this article review can be used as reference material for parties in improving services by preventing stunting in children


Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) is the most common inherited cause of mental retardation. Much work has been done characterizing the behavioral phenotype of the animal model of FXS, the Fmr1 knockout mouse. However, very little literature exists on knockout performance in the active avoidance task. This study evaluated if Fmr1 knockouts differed from wild type littermates in avoidance acquisition. Data revealed no difference in acquisition between knockouts and wild types.


Chemical bath deposition was improved by using glycerol, a very conventional surfactant, to control cadmium sulfide CdS in various sizes and structures, under ultrasonic irradiation conditions. Consequently, an effective route to prepare CdS thin film that consists of either CdS fibrils with an average diameter of 52 nm or monodispersed CdS grains 35 to 80 nm in size is proposed. X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies revealed that, in the crystallographic properties of the obtained CdS films, CdS may exist in two crystalline modifications—a hexagonal and a cubic phase—that are characterized by several diffraction peaks positioned at 2θ≈23.4°, 27.1° and 47.8°. Beside this, UV-Vis studies also revealed the positive effect of glycerol at grain boundaries, leading to detrimental reduction of the band bending towards the absorber surface and increasing the population of optical absorptions.


Abstract : During combat, tank crewmen may need to employ field-expedient maintenance techniques to repair a malfunctioning tank. Reports of field- expedient maintenance being performed are numerous, but no data have been available on the types of techniques used nor the effectiveness of these techniques. This study collected 76 incidents of field-expedient maintenance from 33 NCOs using the critical incident technique. Fifty of the incidents were used to derive eight categories of field-expedient maintenance. The categories suggest generalizable strategies for making field-expedient repairs. In addition, the specific incidents of field-expedient maintenance on M60-series tanks identified during the study provides information that may be used in designing a program to train tank crewmen to make specific field-expedient repairs.


Most of today's projects are interdisciplinary and requires the involvement of contractors that specialize in different types of works. In various circumstances, it may be advisable to minimize their multiplicity or their diversification. In some cases it may be desirable to meet certain characteristics by contractors for selected tasks. The aim of this paper is to determine the model of selection of contractors in complex project from the point of view of the project owner or general contractor. As a methodological basis we use the multi-criterial decision model assigning each task to specific contractors in the project with the function of distribution of penalties arising from delayed completion and potential benefits in the event of early termination of the project.


This study investigates the use of trigonometric functions to resolve two major issues encountered when solving practical optimal control problems (OCPs) that are characterized by nonlinear controls. First, OCPs with constraints on nonlinear controls require the solution to a multipoint boundary value problem, which poses additional computational difficulties. Second, in certain unconstrained OCPs with nonlinear controls, the extremum found from the necessary conditions can be opposite than expected (e.g., a maximum instead of a minimum) due to the absence of control options. The aforementioned issues and their effective resolution by using trigonometric functions are explained through two examples including a second‐order system problem and an aerocapture problem of a slender entry vehicle in the Martian atmosphere.


The water shortage in the rural areas of China is the"bottleneck"factor seriously affecting food security. The concept of water assistance strategy for the rural areas is defined. The obvious water problems in the rural areas of China are analyzed from the five aspects such as unbalance of water demand and provision, deterioration of water environment,insufficient investment for water infrastructures,urgent innovation need of property right for the small-scale water conservancy projects and in sufficient investment for talent technology and education in rural grassroots.Based on the principles of emphasizing water use efficiency,balancing water utilization and seeking the goal of sustainable development of water resources,an assistance system for the rural water,which is of the scientific,prospective and strategic characteristics,is established. The system includes 6 aspects: integrated management of rural water resources,construction of rural water projects, fund supply for water infrastructures,economic compensation for rual wate resources,management of rural water regulation and legal safeguard of rural water resources. Finally,some suggestions for the implemention of water assistance strategy are put forward so as to promote the sustainable development of wate resources in the rural areas.


Piracy is defined as the illegal use or copy of copyright protected material without the authorization of its author. The present article analyzes the outcomes of a previous research done in Mexican Universities about the use and motivations around consume of pirate products. It was found that students are conscious of the social and economic damage piracy implies for Mexico, yet they frequently use pirate products motivated by a will to revolt against National Institutions and foreign transnational enterprises. Students consume of pirate products is directly influenced by social, familiar and academic factors more than economic ones. Some of the psychological factors found as a motivation for consuming pirate products are directly related to particular traits in Mexican culture. Results are discussed using authors such Diaz-Guerrero, S. Freud and P. Ricoeur.


Background. Intraductal mucin‐hypersecreting neoplasm of the pancreas (IMHN) is a unique tumor that has a tendency to spread intraductally. The clinical outcome of IMHN generally is far better than that of pancreatic ductal cell carcinoma. Because of the presence of various cell atypia within the same tumor, it sometimes is difficult to make an accurate histopathologic diagnosis and, therefore, predict its biologic behavior. It has been shown that overexpression of c‐erbB‐2 protein in breast cancer with lymph node metastases is related to a poor prognosis. Overexpression of c‐erbB‐2 protein has been reported as an infrequent event in pancreatic ductal cell carcinoma, but little is known in the case of IMHN.


Objective:To explore the effects of different injection with botulinum toxin A on upper extremities function of children with spastic cerebral palsy.Methods:50 cases of children with cerebral palsy were divided into two groups:treatment group injected botulinum toxin A at spastic muscular with location of electromyography,control group were treated reverse stretching hand.Three dose of BTX A were 3U/ kg.The modified Ashworth Scale was assessed to spasticity in children with muscle spasticity.After injection,they were commenced reforeing functional training for 1 or 3 months after the injection.Result:The Ashwort grade alleviated after treatment in the each group(P0.05),but there were no statistically significance of grading in different location of BTX-A treatment groups.Conclusion:BTX-A can improve upper extremities function of the children with spastic cerebral palsy,but there were no statistically significance of grading in different location of BTX-A.


Crooks target the Dead Man's granny...that's a big mistake! Barrington Stoke specialise in books for reluctant, struggling and dyslexic readers.


T study aims to determine the motivations, outcomes, and prevalence of unfavorable results in secondary rhinoplasty patients. It is clearly written. First, however, we should define terms. Revisionary surgery is one in which the surgeon performed the prior procedures. Secondary surgery is one in which the surgeon did not perform the prior procedures. The distinction is important because the degree of difficulty and outcome can be quite different between the two. The 150 "secondary" patients in this study included both types of patients. What we agree with and are happy to learn is that the depressed and body dysmorphic disorder patients did not have a worse anatomic deformity than those who were not depressed, indicating that the cause of their deformity alone did not justify their unhappiness. That would be in accord with other studies that have demonstrated the disconnect between emotionality and physical deformity in patients with psychological issues. Of interest, the rate of body dysmorphic disorder in cosmetic patients has been reported to be 5 to 15 percent.1 Moreover, Ende et al.2 reported that 84 percent of surgeons in their study failed to recognize body dysmorphic disorder before operating on the patient. Thus, the fact that Dr. Constantian discovered postoperatively that 2 percent of patients exhibited signs of body dysmorphic disorder is a testimony to his ability to weed out that problem before surgery. This study found that the motivation for secondary (including revisionary) surgery due to new and unresolved problems was 74 percent. Strikingly, only 1 percent of patients had airway obstruction as their number one motivation and at first glance that fact might suggest a glaring difference between this and other studies. For example, Chauhan et al.3 indicated that the second most commonly cited complaint was nasal airway obstruction (36 percent). In the Constantian study, however, symptoms were ranked in terms of the primary factor within various categories, e.g., new or uncorrected symptoms. It is conceivable that many of the 70 percent of patients who had obstructive airway signs in the Constantian study might have listed that symptom as their number-two complaint. A glaring difference in results may not exist at all between the two studies. However, if one wishes to claim no significant difference between secondary rhinoplasty patients and other cosmetic or reconstructive patients, a second and/or third cohort of those patients for comparison would be helpful. On the question as to whether secondary patients are difficult to please, we have some concerns. In this study, 14 percent of patients were demanding of the surgeon's and staff's resources, and we do not know what the percentage was for the primary patients. On the other hand, there was not much difference in the revision rate: 11 percent for secondaries versus 7.8 percent for primaries. Moreover, Dr. Constantian noted that 97 percent of the patients were happy with their outcomes. Those are impressive numbers and a testimony to his skills. A definitive answer would be helped by contrasting secondary patients to a cohort of primary patients. In our experience, the primary patient is generally excited and eager for surgery. He/she has no reason to distrust the surgeon. The secondary and revisionary patient may have been burned and is often anxious and accompanied by various personality disorders.4 The secondary patient has taken time to learn about rhinoplasty so as to "not make that mistake again" and comes in with a From the Divisions of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery of Stanford University and the University of California, San Francisco. Received for publication May 12, 2012; accepted May 18, 2012. Copyright ©2012 by the American Society of Plastic Surgeons


Objective To investigate the effects of different processing methods on alisol B23-acetate in Alisma orientale. Methods The contents of alisol B23-acetate were determined by RP-HPLC. Chromatographic conditions included Hypersil C_(18) column, mobile phase: acetonitrile-water (70∶30), detecting wavelength: 208 nm. Results The content of alisol B23-acetate in processing sample stir-baked with bran by the method of Zhangbang was 0.156 5%, the crude sample was 0.155%, and the content of alisol B23-acetate in other processing samples was less than the crude sample. Conclusion Different processing methods and ajuvants show a certain influence on the contents of alisol B23-acetate in its different processed products.


This case presents vignettes that provide a springboard for varied discussions of two-tiered tender offers, randomizing strategies (mixed strategies), Divide & Choose, and agenda-setting in voting procedures. Excerpt UVA-QA-0669 Strategy Vignettes The following is a collection of strategic vignettes that explore some key concepts and techniques from game theory. The vignettes aim to sketch archetypical situations, but lay no claim to realism. Please consider each vignette on its own and under the assumptions stated. 1.) ICon and Picture This ICon is an IT startup that develops a standalone software application for Net conferencing. Recently, ICon has become aware of a complementary application for multimedia file-sharing under development by PictureThis. Both applications use a new data compression technology that can be supplied by DET or ACA, two independent developers. The choice of technology will determine the compatibility of the products so that only applications based on the same compression algorithm can work together. The licensing fee for each technology is comparable. ICon's development team strongly prefers the DET product, while it suspects PictureThis would favor ACA. Both applications benefit only marginally from using the same compression technology. Assignment: Should ICon try to reach an agreement with PictureThis on which technology to use as the basis of their product design? . . .


Abstract Teachers' well-being is important for the optimal functioning of schools and educational systems. Contextual and individual factors influencing teachers' work-related well-being have been identified but rarely investigated concurrently. This study examined contributions of school climate and job crafting to teacher well-being. Time-lagged survey data from 564 German teachers was analysed. The hypothesised model whereby school climate and job crafting were separate predictors of well-being fitted the data well. Analyses further revealed that the effect of school climate and job crafting is additive. Teachers who reported the highest rates of school climate and the highest scores in job crafting experienced the highest well-being. Results of this study highlight the importance of both school climate and job crafting for supporting teacher well-being.


Felix Fraga was born in Houston in 1929. His parents settled in Houston's East End. At a young age, he began working in the Rusk Settlement House, where his bosses supported him and his education. He attended the University of Houston on a baseball scholarship. His work in the Rusk Settlement House and the growth of the Mexican American population in the area led him to work at the Ripley House in 1954. In 1970, he became the director of the Ripley House until he stepped down in 1990. During his tenure as director, he instituted several programs to help the community including English and citizenship classes, youth mentoring, early childcare, and became a polling place. In the last few years, the Ripley House has expanded by creating several charter schools to help the community of East End. Fraga served in the Houston Independent School District from 1990-1994 and in Houston City Council from 1994-1999. Towards the conclusion of his interview, Fraga discusses his legacy and and community leader Lionel Castillo.


This paper presents the productivity formulas of a perforated vertical well on the basis of the dual-radial-flow model and then presents the productivity formulas of horizontal wells on the basis of disturbing elliptical flow theory. The threshold pressure gradient (TPG) is used to characterize the seepage characteristics of low-permeability reservoirs. By combing the above formulas, the authors proposed the productivity formulas of perforated horizontal wells in a low-permeability reservoir on the basis of the triple-radial-flow model. The formulas are derived considering the cases of the damaged zone being penetrated and being partially penetrated. At the same time, the flow patterns of single-phase flow and oil/water two-phase flows are considered. Sensitivity analysis on the performance of the perforated well shows that the productivity increases with the increase of the length of the horizontal well, penetration depth, shot density, perforation diameter, and phasing, and it decreases with the increase of TPG, compaction thickness, and crush degree of the crushed zone; the influence of the length of the horizontal well, TPG, penetration depth, shot density, compaction degree, phasing, perforation diameter, and compaction thickness on the productivity is in descending order.


Abstract : Abstract of Dissertation: Electromagnetic Excitations on Antiferromagnets: Surface Polaritons and Leaky Waves. Surface polaritons exist at frequencies between 250 GHz and a few THz when propagating on antiferromagnets. They have been predicted theoretically and observed recently on MnF2 in reflection measurements. Although damping is necessary for coupling between the surface polariton modes and incident light waves, theoretical studied have not examined the effect of damping on the surface polariton modes. An analysis of the surface polariton modes, with damping, is done by solving the dispersion equation and by studying the classical electromagnetic Green's functions for a semi-infinite antiferromagnet. Sodium Lidar Studies of the Horizontal Variability of Gravity Waves in the Mesosphere: A data analysis technique for determining gravity wave intrinsic parameters is presented. The intrinsic parameters include the horizontal and vertical wavelengths, period, and wave propagation direction. The technique involves measuring the altitude variations of the wave induced density perturbations in the mesospheric Na layer. Lattice Structures in the Image Algebra and Applications to Image Processing; The research is concerned with the investigation of an algebraic structure, known as image algebra, which is used for expressing algorithms in image processing.


The objective of this study was to determine the effect of store in freezer (-80oC) and efficient storage of blood plasma with EDTA 10mg/dL in the determination of metabolites in newly weaned rats. Samples of 90 Wistar rats and the analytes were tested: glucose, total cholesterol and HDL, LDL, VLDL and triglycerides. The different storage times of the analysis showed variation in the concentration in mg / dL for the metabolites analyzed did not show statistical significance in Student's t test (p <0.05), when use samples refrigerated and frozen at -80oC. Therefore, we conclude that it is important that the storage time of the samples is considered in the experimental design and the plasma is a material of high flexibility in the storage of certain metabolites.


Thirty bacterial isolates were derived from ornamental fish patients (n=30) of the Veterinary Medical Aquatic Animal Research Center (VMARC), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University. The isolated bacterial strains were identified by using commercial biochemical identification kit (API Kits, bioMerieux® SA France). The antibiotics susceptibility testing was performed by disc diffusion method, using 24 types of antibiotic discs (OXOID, Oxoid Ltd, UK). The result showed that the majority of the isolated bacteria was Aeromonas hydrophila (27/30). In the A. hydrophila susceptibility study, 66.30% of bacteria were antibiotic resistant, 9.35% were intermediately sensitive and 24.35% were sensitive strains against the tested antibiotics. Chloramphenicol showed the highest efficacy against the bacterial strains tested. Other effective antibiotics included sulphamethoxazole-trimetroprim and amikacin. 100% of the isolated bacteria showed resistance to metronidazole, 92.31 were resistant to penicillin and amoxicillin. It is noticeable that there were large numbers of antibiotic resistance fish pathogenic bacteria in ornamental fish, which indicated that the risk of ineffective antibiotic treatment without laboratory susceptibility test in sick fish would be at least 75.65% in doubt.


The nonprofit sector serves an increasingly important entrepreneurial role in the economy. Scholars have taken an interest in entrepreneurship in nonprofits and have drawn upon entrepreneurial orientation (EO) as a methodological tool to advance knowledge in this domain. However, the nonprofit context differs from the for–profit context for which the EO scale was developed, particularly with regard to motivations, processes, and outcomes. We propose a new approach for capturing the manifestation of EO in the nonprofit context. A typology is presented to highlight the multiple facets of EO in the nonprofit context. We conclude with implications for scholars and practitioners.


An upper limit on concentration for any optical device has previously been derived from the conservation of etendue. In this contribution we derive more stringent upper limits for the efficiency and the concentration of rotationally symmetric optical devices which are a consequence of skewness conservation. If the desired source and target have different skewness distributions, then losses or dilution or both will limit the performance of the optical system. For all skewness values, for which the source contains more radiation than the target, the difference is lost. Conversely, for all skewness values, for which the target contains a large etendue than the source, the difference remains empty and results in dilution. We calculate the limiting curve of optical transfer efficiency versus concentration relative to the maximum concentration possible and provide a design example that is practically at this limit. We also provide another design example that addresses the challenge posed at the last SPIE meeting, namely to transfer the maximum radiation from a Lambertian spherical source to a disk target of equal etendue under a reflector- to-source minimum distance constraint. We conjecture that even rotationally symmetric problems may benefit from asymmetric optical systems.


In this exceedingly short review article, we have provided some information on acoustic topological insulator for pedagogical purpose. Since, intrinsically acoustic systems do not have Kramers doublets due to spin-zero status, artificially acoustic spin-half states could be engineered as reported in refs. 5-26 maintaining time reversal symmetry. The high point of this article is an explanation of emergent Dirac physics in acoustic topological insulators.


Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic and environmental variation of yield and food quality characteristics (protein, starch, β-glucan and husk content, test weight and thousand grain weight) of covered and hulless barley genotypes in organic management conditions. Two different field experiments were carried out. In the first experiment, hulless barley genotypes 'Kornelija', 'Irbe', '1165', '1185' and the covered varieties 'Ansis' and 'Maali' were studied in two locations in Latvia and in one location in Estonia during 2014. 'Ansis', 'Kornelija', '1165' and '1185' were included in the second experiment carried out at Stende during three sequential years (2011-2013). The effect of genotype, environment (location and year) and co-effect of these factors contributed significantly to the variation in yield and grain quality traits of the barley genotypes. As a result of experimental treatments grain yield and quality traits varied by all tested factors. There were considerable differences in impact of studied sources of variation. Grain yield was influenced more by environmental factors than by genotype. Impact of genotype was highest for husk content and test weight. Integral evaluation method was carried out for comparison of barley genotypes to identify the best ones by the lowest deviation from the desired value. The covered barley variety 'Maali' showed good adaptation to different environmental conditions, having good yield, β-glucan content and high thousand grain weight. The line '1165' and variety 'Kornelija' showed best results among hulless barley varieties


In order to obtain a wheel-bearing which is advantageous as regards bulk, weight and method of manufacture, using very simple means, a pin (6) of a first hub part (3) of the bearing is inserted into a bore (8) in a second hub part (4) of the bearing so that a free end of the pin (6) is positioned at a shoulder (4'') of the bore, which shoulder (4'') is near a second flange (5), whereafter a beading (7) is formed on the free end of the pin (6) so that the beading (7) engages the shoulder (4'').


This study was undertaken to gain insight into how people with spinal cord injury (15 men and 5 women; age range = 17–59, M = 30.2) perceive their return to previously enjoyable activities. An "insider's" perspective (Conrad, 1987) was generated through participant observation and in‐depth interviews, and the data were analyzed with Strauss's (1987) constant comparative method. Participants reported actively seeking previous activities and negotiating the meaning of the activities to continue their participation. The subthemes that define the meaning of continuity were (a) seeking continuity as an aspiration of adjustment for future actions, (b) establishing a sense of continuity through approximations to preinjury activities, and (c) accommodating for continuity for the purpose of establishing a sense of continuity. Exploring the nature and importance of continuity in this population suggests a broader discourse and extension to other disruptive life events.


Abstract : Contents: Radiation from periodic structures; The backfire helical antenna; Log-periodic magnetic-current antennas; Log-spiral antennas; Simple arrays of conical spiral antennas; Antenna impedance transforming networks; Collecting systems containing non-linear and/or active elements; Rectilinear spiral antennas; Wave propagation in helical structures; Investigation of tapered-period corrugated surface; Focusing of radiation from a bunched Cerenkov beam; Radiating lens illuminated from a Goubau beam-waveguide; Transmission between antennas when the far-field approximation does not apply; Zone phase plates.


The patient is a 57-year-old non-diabetic woman admitted for stable angina caused by tight stenosis of a diagonal branch. This lesion was predilated with a paclitaxel-eluting balloon (2.5 × 20 mm, Sequent, B Braun Mesungen AG, Germany) at 8 atm for 3 min after which a 2.25 × 28 mm bare-metal stent (Trimaxx; Abbott Vascular Redwood City, CA, USA) was implanted for a small …


Event detection of indoor objects such as doors has a variety of application including intruder detection, HVAC control, surveillance of independently living elderly persons. Therefore, numerous researches have been done on this topic by the UbiComp research community. In this research, we propose a method to accurately detect events in indoor everyday objects such as doors and windows without using distributed ubiquitous sensors. In our approach, we perform event recognition conjoining the Doppler shift that occurs by the moving indoor objects and the acoustic characteristics of the environment acquired by the impulse response. Analysis of the time series data of the Doppler shift, using directional high frequency sine wave to acquire information of the direction of the occurred event, using stereo microphones to record the reflected wave can be stated as the specialties in this research. Also, by incorporating the knowledge about the state transitions of an object in to a recognition model, we will try to increase the accuracy of our recognitions.


Relying whole-heartedly on the working class is the Party's basic guideline all the time.Under a new era,the trade unions in SOEs should carry out "relying on" guideline,make great efforts to assure politically,carry out systematically,improve qualitatively,manoeuvre fully.They should safeguard workers and staff members' rights,protect and bring the initiative of the workers into full play of productive construction,promote a health,stable and coordinating development in enterprises.


A thermionic system concept is described which incorporates a heat-pipe cooled fast spectrum reactor and six-cell thermionic converter modules located in the space radiator. Much of the technology being developed for the in-core thermionic reactor concept is directly applicable to this out-of-core concept, particularly the fuel and converter development activity. The major technology extension required is in the area of heat-pipes for cooling the reactor and carrying thermal energy from the reactor station to the converters. The performance characteristics of an out-of-core thermionic system at power levels between 40 and 70 kWe are summarized, the adaptation of in-core technology to the out-of-core concept is described and applicable heat-pipe technology programs now underway are discussed.


Currents on a single tripole set in a domain of 32 × 64 samples have been computed over a 4 : 1 frequency range, with one sample across the conductor width. Some results are also given for three and give samples across the conductors, indicating for the first time the complexity of the current flow around the junction of the three arms of the element.


BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Screening and brief interventions (SBI) in primary health care practices (PHCPs) are effective in reducing reported alcohol consumption, but have not been routinely implemented. Most programs seeking to improve implementation rates have lacked a theoretical rationale. This study aimed to test whether a theory-based intervention for PHCPs could significantly increase alcohol SBI delivery.

DESIGN
Two-arm, cluster-randomized controlled, parallel, 12-month follow-up, trial.

SETTING
PHCPs in Portugal.

PARTICIPANTS
Staff from 12 PHCPs (N=222, 81.1% women): nurses (35.6%), general practitioners (28.8%), receptionists (26.1%) and family medicine residents (9.5%); patients screened for alcohol use: intervention N=8,062; controls N=58.

INTERVENTION AND COMPARATOR
PHCPs were randomized to receive a training and support program (N=6; 110 participants) tailored to the barriers and facilitators for implementing alcohol SBI following the principles of the Behaviour Change Wheel/Theoretical Domains Framework approach, or to a waiting-list control (N=6; 112 participants). Training was delivered over the first 12 weeks of the trial.

MEASUREMENTS
The primary outcome was the proportion of eligible patients screened (unit of analysis: patient list). Secondary outcomes included the brief intervention (BI) rate per screen-positive patient and the population-based BI rate (unit of analysis: patient list), and changes in health providers' perceptions of barriers to implementation and alcohol-related knowledge (unit of analysis: health provider).

FINDINGS
The implementation program had a significant effect on the screening activity in the intervention practices compared with control practices at the 12-month follow-up (21.7% vs. 0.16%, intention-to-treat analysis, P=0.003). Although no significant difference was found on the BI rate per screen-positive patient (intervention 85.7% vs. control 63.6%, P=0.55, Bayes Factor = 0.28), the intervention was effective in increasing the population-based BI rate (intervention 0.69% vs. control 0.02%, P=0.006). Health providers in the intervention arm reported fewer barriers to SBI implementation and higher levels of alcohol-related knowledge at 12-month follow-up than those in control practices.

CONCLUSION
A theory-based implementation program, which included training and support activities, significantly increased alcohol screening and population-based brief intervention rates in primary care.


Pascoa and Seghir (2009) noticed that when collateralized promises become subject to utility penalties on default, Ponzi schemes may occur. However, equilibrium exists in some interesting cases. Under low penalties, equilibrium exists if the collateral does not yield utility (for example, when it is a productive asset or a security). Equilibrium exists also under more severe penalties and collateral utility gains, when the promise or the collateral are nominal assets and the margin requirements are endogenous: relative infation rates and margin coefficients can make the income effects dominate the penalty effects. An equilibrium refinement avoids no-trade equilibria with unduly repayment beliefs. Our refinement differs from the one used by Dubey, Geanakoplos and Shubik (2005) as it does not eliminate no trade equilibria whose low delivery rates are consistent with the propensity to default of agents that are on the verge of selling. JEL codes: D52, D91


our journeys -we saw many hills of this type. They are formed in the denudation of plateaux and stand forward on the plain in evidence of the former extent of the elevated land. The term ' zeuge' expresses this and may be rendered as ' sentinel rock ' or ' temoin'. I have not yet had the pleasure of seeing the texthook in question and consequently am unacquainted with the definitions given by the authors. If their terms are really ill calculated to advance knowledge, those of the reviewer would probably confound it.


Apparatus and methods in which one or more elemental taggants that are intrinsically located in an object are detected by x-ray fluorescence analysis under vacuum conditions to identify or verify the object's elemental content for elements with lower atomic numbers. By using x-ray fluorescence analysis, the apparatus and methods of the invention are simple and easy to use, as well as provide detection by a non line-of-sight method to establish the origin of objects, as well as their point of manufacture, authenticity, verification, security, and the presence of impurities. The invention is extremely advantageous because it provides the capability to measure lower atomic number elements in the field with a portable instrument.


Monitoring of faecal glucocorticoid metabolites (fGCM) of various wildlife species has become an important non-invasive tool for wildlife managers that enables them to understand influences of season, sex, age and physiological status on animal's organism and to realize potential stressors in order to adjust management practice and thus to minimize its negative impact. Here we present a one-year study on fallow deer kept in extensive captive breeding in inland Croatia. We measured fGCM with an 11-oxoaetiocholanolone enzyme immunoassay. Obtained results confirmed a seasonal pattern of cortisol release with highest concentrations of 11, 17-dioxoandrostanes (11, 17-DOA) during the winter period (950 ; 430-2385 ng/g faeces, expressed as median, min and max values), followed by early summer (864 ; 186-3271 ng/g) and spring (610 ; 129-2896 ng/g). Significantly lower concentrations were determined during the late summer period (306 ; 95-2071 ng/g). Compared with fGCM levels in free-ranging fallow deer, concentrations in captive animals followed the same pattern, but with lower values in every season. This may be attributed to habituation and to a less challenging and more predictable environment under captive conditions.


The ability of the freshwater bivalve Limnoperna fortunei to voluntarily detach from the substratum, crawl and reattach as a function of illumination, temperature, substratum orientation, and mussel size was investigated. Thirty-two per cent of the 879 experimental animals detached and reattached elsewhere at least once during five- to eight-day experiments. The proportions of mobile mussels were significantly higher in permanent darkness than under permanent illumination. Displacement distances were also higher in darkness, but statistical differences with illuminated individuals were inconclusive. No evidence of circadian rhythms was detected. Mobile mussels were often significantly smaller than non-mobile individuals. It was not possible to detect the effect of water temperature (22°C and 31°C), or substratum orientation (topside and underside) on mussel mobility, but because the power of the statistical tests was low, future experiments are needed to confirm this result. The ability of mussels to voluntarily detach and reattach elsewhere has important implications for biofouling control.


This paper describes a device used for the introduction of microwave energy into a plasma chamber over a wide area with high
 transfer efficiency and good energy uniformity. The applicator design was based on a slotted waveguide combined with a quartz window. The impedance properties were calculated for
 slots in the broad wall of WR430 waveguide. Low power simulating tests were conducted to determine the optimum geometry. A simple
 test system was used to measure and plot the three-dimensional spatial energy distribution


Bayesian networks are structures that combine probability distributions with graphs. Although Bayesian networks initially appeared in the 1980s and the first attempts to solve the problems generated from the non–response date back to the 1930s and 1940s, the use of structures of this kind specifically for imputation is rather recent: in 2002 by official statistical institutes, and in 2003 in the context of data mining. The purpose of this work is to present some results on the application of discrete and mixed Bayesian networks for imputation. For that purpose, we present an algorithm combining knowledge obtained from experts with experimental data derived from previous research or part of the collected data. To apply Bayesian networks in this context, it is assumed that once the variables are preserved in their original relation, the imputation method will be effective in maintaining desirable properties. Pursuant to this, three types of consistence which already exist in literature are evaluated: the database consistence, the logical consistence and the statistical consistence. In addition, the structural consistence is proposed, which can be defined as the ability of a network to maintain its structure in the equivalence class of the original network when built from the data after imputation. For the first time a mixed Bayesian network is used for the treatment of the non–response in quantitative variables. The statistical consistence for mixed networks is being developed by using, as a resource, the multiple imputation for evaluating network parameters and regression models. For the purpose of application, some experiences were conducted using simple networks based on data for dwellings and people from the 2000 Demographic Census in the City of Natal and on data from a study on homicides in the City of Campinas. It can be stated from the results that the Bayesian networks for imputation in discrete attributes seem to be promising, particularly if the interest is to maintain the statistical consistence and if the number of classes of the variable is small. Features such as the contingency tables coefficient among variables, on the other hand, are affected by this method as the percentage of non–response increases. The median is more sensitive to this method in continuous attributes.


This paper presents a generalized construction of RS-SPC product codes. A low-complexity joint-decoding scheme is proposed for these codes, in which a BP-based iterative decoding is performed based on the binary expansion of the whole parity-check matrix. Various powerful RS codes can be used as the component codes for RS-SPC product codes, which gives a good performance for local decoding (decode a single component codeword). The proposed BP-based iterative decoding is a global decoding, and it achieves an error-correcting capability compa-rable to codes of large blocklengths. This two-phase decoding scheme preserves the low decoding latency and complexity of the local decoding while achieves high reliability through the global decoding. The complexity of the proposed iterative decoding is discussed, and the simulation results show the proposed scheme offers a good trade-off between the complexity and the error performance.


Mathematical modeling can play an important role in developing understanding about real systems. However, modeling methodology can be highly technical and mathematically complex, effectively rendering many such models unlikely candidates for the routine toolbox of most life scientists. This presents a unique problem space for biomodelers for providing software for modeling and providing proper education and support for the software techniques. One important technique used is data fitting of multi-exponential models of different dimension to small data sets, the kind typical of kinetic experiments in the life sciences.


A migrating endothelial line of keratic precipitates associated with overlying corneal edema suggests an immune attack on the corneal endothelium. This is seen most commonly in corneal allotransplantation rejection. The etiology of such lines in the absence of this condition is unclear. We document the presence of an intranuclear virus compatible with herpesvirus in this condition.


Antarctica is one of the most stressful ecosystems worldwide with few vascular plants, which are limited by abiotic conditions. Here, plants such as Deschampsia antarctica (Da) could generate more suitable micro-environmental conditions for the establishment of other plants as Colobanthus quitensis (Cq). Although, plant-plant interaction is known to determine the plant performance, little is known about how microorganisms might modulate the ability of plants to cope with stressful environmental conditions. Several reports have focused on the possible ecological roles of microorganism with vascular plants, but if the rizospheric microorganisms can modulate the positive interactions among vascular Antarctic plants has been seldom assessed. In this study, we compared the rhizosphere microbiomes associated with Cq, either growing alone or associated with Da, using a shotgun metagenomic DNA sequencing approach and using eggNOG for comparative and functional metagenomics. Overall, results show higher diversity of taxonomic and functional groups in rhizospheric soil from Cq+Da than Cq. On the other hand, functional annotation shows that microorganisms from rhizospheric soil from Cq+Da have a significantly higher representation of genes associated to metabolic functions related with environmental stress tolerance than Cq soils. Additional research is needed to explore both the biological impact of these higher activities in terms of gene transfer on plant performance and in turn help to explain the still unsolved enigma about the strategy deployed by Cq to inhabit and cope with harsh conditions prevailing in Antarctica. 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40


In order to solve the problems of data overload and data sparsity in Collaborative Filtering Recommendation(CFR) algorithm,the method of factor analysis was adopted to reduce the dimension of the data,and regression analysis was used to forecast the value that needs to be evaluated.Through these two methods,it not only reduces the amount of data but also maximizes the information retained.The ideas of the algorithm are as follows: first of all,the algorithm reduces the dimensions of user and item vector by use of factor analysis and some representative users and item factors could be got.And then,two regression models were established,with target users and the evaluated items as the dependent variables respectively,and the user factors and item factors as the independent variables respectively,which two predictive values of the evaluated items were achieved.Finally,the final predictive value was achieved weighted by the two.By experimental simulation,the algorithm is demonstrated effective and feasible.Furthermore,the results show that the accuracy of algorithm proposed here has somewhat increased compared with that of the collaborative filtering recommendation algorithm based on item.


We have reported a tumor suppressor effect of SPARC in ovarian cancer as both host and tumor SPARC are implicated in anti-proliferative, anti-adhesive effects as well as normalization of the peritoneal tumor microenvironment. Herein, we extend our studies using a syngeneic model of peritoneal ovarian carcinomatosis to gain comprehensive insight on the effect of SPARC on metabolic programming of the ovarian cancer ecosystem. We performed comprehensive metabolomic and transcriptomic profiling of micro-dissected ID8 omental tumors that developed after intra-peritoneal injection in SP-/- and SP+/+ mice. Integrated analysis revealed that the accelerated growth of ID8 tumors in SP-/- mice was associated with metabolic programming of cancer cells with up-regulation of the genes involved in glycolysis, fatty acid oxidation, and oxidative phosphorylation. Tumors also exhibited perturbed redox homeostasis, as well as mitochondrial and ribosomal biogenesis. Comparative analysis of the syngeneic tumors with human high grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC) revealed upregulation of the same genes involved in metabolic programming with inverse correlation with SPARC transcript expression, implying a role of stromal-SPARC in the metabolic programming of HGSC. Bio-energetic studies revealed that SPARC inhibits basal glycolysis, glycolytic reserve, oxygen consumption rate and mitochondrial ATP synthesis. To the best of our knowledge this is the first study that characterizes the metabolic programming of the ovarian cancer ecosystem by host-SPARC. Citation Format: Christine Naczki, Bincy John, Chirayu Patel, Ashlyn Lafferty, Alia Ghoneum, Hesham Afify, Amanda Davis, Guangxu Jin, Neveen Said. Integrated molecular analysis reveals novel SPARC-regulated metabolic programming in ovarian cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1448.


Abstract : Study of turbulence is of vital scientific, military and economic interest. Advances in several areas of external aerodynamics and internal combustor flows of interest to Air Force hinge on our ability to clearly understand and adequately predict the effects of turbulence. At the current time, however, there exists a substantial gap between our knowledge of the physics of turbulence phenomenon and the physics that is incorporated into turbulence models, especially subgrid closures. The disciplines of turbulence theory/analysis (e.g., rapid distortion theory, spectral closure models), high-order turbulence modeling (e.g., second-moment closures, structure-based models and realizability constraints) and turbulence simulation (DNS- direct numerical simulations, and LES- large eddy simulations) are evolving independently with very little cross fertilization of ideas. For example, the currently popular LES subgrid closures (e.g., Smagorinsky, dynamic Smagorinsky) are algebraic in nature; completely insensitive to extra rates of strain such as rotation, curvature, and buoyancy and, further, may not even be realizable. These major deficiencies in the LES-SGS modeling are tolerated despite the fact that, in higher order closures, these physical effects and mathematical constraints have long been represented adequately. Further, we would like to point out that the very premise of detached-eddy simulation (DES) approach - that is seen as the practical computational tool for turbulence - is erroneous. This is due to the fact that inhomogeneous spatial filtering is inevitable in this method, and yet the governing equations ignore the effects that necessarily arise with inhomogeneous filtering of the velocity field.


The invention relates to a marine power generation platform unit plant which comprises a platform main body, multiple fluid energy collecting devices and a generating set. All the energy collecting devices are transmitted to an energy centralization main shaft by a transmission gear, and the main shaft is connected with the generating set. The platform main body is a framework three dimensional structure formed by crossbeams and is fixed on a plurality of bearing hollow floating bodies, and then sinks to a certain depth in the sea and is fixed on heavy things or a pile at the seafloor by an iron chain; a majority of the platform main body is dipped in the water, while small part is exposed out of the water surface. An umbrella-type wind energy collecting device, the fluid energy collecting devices, a deep level water flow energy collecting device and a tide energy collecting device are arranged on the platform main body; an ocean comprehensive energy collecting device, a floated pendulous wave energy collecting device and a wind energy collecting screen are arranged on the sea at the two sides of the platform main body and transmitted to the energy centralization main shaft by a working rope. A plurality of marine power generation platform unit plants can be connected with each other to form multiple groined type connected integral large marine power generation platform.


The NHTSA has developed automotive recorders which can measure crash triaxial acceleration/time histories during vehicle collisions. From these acceleration histories (recorded on a magnetic disc), velocity/time histories and velocity change during impact are derived to provide measures of vehicle crash severity. The purpose of developing these recorders is to provide firm unbiased relationships of vehicle crash severity with occupant fatalities and serious injuries from real-world accidents. To date, a total of 1200 recorders has been produced and over 800 have been installed in fleet vehicles. This two volume report has been prepared to document the status of the Disc Recorder Pilot Project as of October 31, 1973. Volume I describes briefly the 30 accidents which have occurred to date and the procedures that have been developed for accident notification, recorder removal and disposition, recorder post-crash calibration, and data encoding, processing and distribution.


Subtitle: A couple hundred executives gathered last month in Scottsdale, Ariz., for the 2007 CCJ Fall Symposium. From the next quarter's economy to long-term challenges like sustainability and demographics, this year's Symposium focused on managing through change.


Hypothesis Several studies have shown that many adverse events in obstetrics can be explained by ineffective teamwork and communication. Recent data has shown that women who had been referred to the hospital reported lower quality of care.1 In the Netherlands, obstetric care is organized in primary care (represented by independent midwives providing care to women with low-risk pregnancies) and secondary care (responsible for high-risk pregnancies). About 65% of all pregnant women are referred from the primary to secondary care during pregnancy or labour,2 resulting in multiple medical handovers. Besides medical outcome, patient-reported outcomes are becoming more important as indicators of care quality.3 If communication and collaboration between and within different care levels improves, the perceived quality of care will increase. We hypothesized transmural multi-professional simulation-based obstetric team training to improve quality of care as perceived by women who gave birth. Methods An experimental study with simulation-based obstetric team training in the area of a hospital in the Netherlands. In five groups, 75 care providers were trained in a medical simulation center. The transmural teams represented the obstetric collaborative network consisting of: ambulance personnel, maternity nurses, community midwives, obstetric nurses, hospital midwives, residents, and obstetricians. The one-day training focused on non-technical skills like teamwork and communication using SBAR communication and crew resource management (CRM). To measure quality of care as perceived by women, the Pregnancy & Childbirth Questionnaire (PCQ) 1 was assessed at six weeks postpartum, before the training (sample I, N=76) and three months after the training (sample II, N=68). The 25-item PCQ consists of three subscales: personal treatment during pregnancy, educational information, and personal treatment during delivery, with higher scores indicating better perceived quality of care. Results At baseline, a PCQ mean total score of 103.5 [11.6] (M[SD]) was measured at six weeks postpartum (N=76). Three months after the team training intervention, a higher PCQ total score of 108.9 [10.9] was reported (N=68), indicating a significant increase in perceived quality of care (t=2.75, p=0.007). The effect size of the increase in PCQ total score was medium (Cohen's d=0.5). Moreover, the subscales 'personal treatment during pregnancy' and 'educational information' showed a significant increase after the team training (p<0.01), while the subscale 'personal treatment during delivery' did not. The items with the largest significant increase in mean scores included: communication between care providers, clear leadership, involvement in planning, and better provision of information. Conclusion Transmural multi-professional simulation-based obstetric team training improves quality of care as perceived by women who recently gave birth. References 1. Truijens SEM, Pommer AM, Van Runnard Heimel PJ, Verhoeven CJM, Oei SG, Pop VJM. Development of the Pregnancy and Childbirth Questionnaire (PCQ): evaluating quality of care as perceived by women who recently gave birth. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2014;174:35-40. 2. The Netherlands Perinatal Registry (Stichting Perinatale Registratie Nederland). Perinatal Care in The Netherlands 2012 (Perinatale Zorg in Nederland 2012). Utrecht; 2013. 3. Lledó R, Rodríguez T, Trilla A, Cararach V, Restuccia JD, Asenjo MA. Perceived quality of care in pregnancy: Assessment before and after delivery. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2000;88:35-42. Disclosures Swan Gie (Guid) Oei receives support from the ZON MW Dutch Government Research Grant.