Recent discoveries of microtektite and related crystal bearing microspherule layers in deep-sea sediments of the west equatorial Pacific DSDP Sites 292, 315A and 462, off-shore New Jersey in Site 612 and in southern Spain have confirmed the presence of at least three microspherule layers in Late Eocene sediments. Moreover, these discoveries have extended the North American strewn field from the Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico region to the northwest Atlantic, and have established a third strewn field in western equatorial Pacific and Indian Ocean which may extend to the Mediterranean.

Stratigraphically the oldest microspherule layer occurs in the planktonic foraminifer Globigerapsis semiinvoluta Zone about 0.5 m.y. prior to the closely spaced crystal bearing microspherule layer and North American microtektite layer in the Globorotalia cerroazulensis Zone. Major element composition of the G. semiinvoluta Zone layer and the crystal bearing microspherule layer overlap, but there is a clear trend towards higher Al2O3 and FeO values in SiO2 equivalent microspherules of the latter layer. The G. semiinvoluta Zone microspherules also contain a higher percentage of non-crystalline spherules (microtektites) than the crystal bearing microspherule layer, but lower than the North American microtektite layer. Excess iridium due to an abrupt increase in supply is associated with the middle crystal bearing microspherule layer and to a lesser extent with the other two layers. But, Ir excess due to concentration as a result of carbonate loss was also observed at two sites (462, 612).

The three late Eocene microspherule layers do not precisely coincide with planktonic foraminiferal species extinctions, but a major faunal assemblage change is associated with the G. semiinvoluta Zone layer. Abundant pyrite is present in the North American microtektite layer of DSDP Site 612 suggesting reducing conditions possibly due to a sudden influx of biologic matter (dead bodies) to the ocean floor, and the crystal bearing microspherule layer coincides with five radiolarian extinctions. All three microspherule layers are associated with decreased carbonate possibly due to sudden productivity changes, increased dissolution as a result of sea-level and climate fluctuations, or the impact events.


[W]e are structured by social relations, spoken by pre-given linguistic structures, thought by ideologies, dreamed by myths, gendered by patriarchal sexual norms, bonded by affective obligations, cultured by mentalites, and acted by history's script. None of these ideas is, in origin, absurd, and some rest upon substantial additions to knowledge. But all slip, at a certain point, from sense to absurdity, and, in their sum, all arrive at a common terminus of unfreedom. —E. P. Thompson, "The Poverty of Theory or an Orrery of Errors."


Reaction of the sterically demanding ligand precursor [(CHBut)2(C5H2But2)2]K2 with SnCl2 in THF gave the air-stable ansa-stannocene complex rac[(CHBut)2(C5H2But2)2]Sn. A single-crystal X-ray structure of the ansa-stannocene revealed a C2-symmetric and slipped bent structure, with the Sn2+ displaced toward an η2 bonding mode between bridged, highly tilted, and staggered 2,4-di-tert-butylcyclopentadienyl rings.


Preliminary experimental studies of the possibility of increasing the microhardness of the surface layer of the material by the method of wave thermodeformational hardening on the example of austenitic steel class 12X18H10T are carried out. Comparative studies on the hardening of the material with and without heating were also carried out. The possibility of a significant increase in the maximum microhardness in the range from 25 to 50% at a depth of up to 0.6 mm, depending on the hardening mode, in comparison with the deformation treatment in the "cold" state is established. The area of technological modes providing the maximum increase of microhardness in the surface layer is revealed, in particular, the temperature of the treated surface should be in the range from 200°C to 400°C. At the same time, the achieved microhardness values exceed the initial one by 1.8…2.2 times, depending on the processing modes. It is also found that when choosing rational processing modes, the combined wave thermal strain hardening can significantly increase the hardening depth to 4.2 mm of the surface layer compared to the initial state. To establish the possibility of improving the performance of combined processing requires additional research.


The implicit didactic information embedded in the theoretical part of math schoolbooks is one of the keys for successful learning mathematics, but mostly reserved for sighted students. Thus, the methodology for analyzing this theoretical part of selected math schoolbooks is developed for extracting this implicit didactic information, which will be made accessible. Combined with the blind students' teaching methods in classrooms, a dialog-based assistant concept is suggested for covering core didactics for teaching the blind.


The author argues that the Kevin Rudd's government's so-called 'social inclusion' policy does not include a cultural element. The policy fails to take into account Australia's unique multicultural composition, thus preventing many sections of society from contributing to the nation's progress through their diverse ethnic backgrounds and experiences.


1 st year architecture students of today are far more knowledgeable about architecture than the 1 st year architecture students of the past. They came to their first architecture classes already equipped with architectural information they gathered from the internet, and media.Unlike students of the past who happened to come to their first year architecture classes with enthusiasm and interest in architecture only, and with a little information gathered about what they will be learning. Social media has become a universal lounge gathering everybody from all around the globe where they can exchange, share, and express their opinions freely without suppression or barriers. In a world like this; it is not wise anymore especially among educators to insist on applying the "One-way" transform of knowledge communication model in teaching and learning since – within such environment – it has become difficult to suppress students' voices and opinions, as that will be having its negative impacts on the development of education theories and methods.The research paper investigates students' opinions, suggestions, and feedback about whether typical learning phases that they usually pass through until finishing learning "History of Architecture" are enough for them to gain full awareness about the subject,or that there are additional learning stages, or activities that should be added to the typical learning phases in order for them to gain complete awareness, and full satisfaction about the taught subject.Since the research goal is to explore new and innovative learning ideas for the purpose of improving quality of learning "History of Architecture", the research has adopted a simple approach in investigating students' opinions by collecting data through survey forms with questionnaires designated specifically for the purpose.


India has globally been the largest milk-producing country in the world for two decades. About 400 million litres of milk is produced every day. It is the responsibility of a dairy sector to look after the farmers by providing them with various services for their livelihood. The growing financial capital of the dairy industry has enticed various fraudulent behaviour. The majority of suspicious activities are seen during the collection at local collection centres, fake farmer entries, tempered quantity and fat entries manually, and adulteration are the profound malpractices exercised by farmers. So, in this research work, the authors present a profound study on the most popular machine learning methods applied to the problems of farmer churn prediction and fraud detection in the dairies. They applied a plethora of machine learning algorithms to get accurate results for churn and fraud detection. XGBoost Classifier was the best for churn prediction with 93% accuracy, while random forest classifier turns out to be effective for fraud detection with 94% accuracy.


Various helical coils such as helical dipole magnets, multifilamentary superconductors and superconducting strands have something in common with the helical structure. In this paper, we discuss the analytical expression for the magnetic field of a single helical current conductor. In addition, the comparison between the analytical and numerical calculations is made.


Aim  The mechanisms of initial dispersal and habitat occupancy by invasive alien species are fundamental ecological problems. Most tests of metapopulation theory are performed on local population systems that are stable or in decline. In the current study we were interested in the usefulness of metapopulation theory to study patch occupancy, local colonization, extinction and the abundance of the invasive Caspian gull (Larus cachinnans) in its initial invasion stages.


Cationic oxazaborolidine 2 affords Diels−Alder adducts of ethyl acrylate and 2-substituted cyclopentadienes, derived from the corresponding mixture of regioisomers, as single isomers in excellent yields and enantioselectivities. Furthermore, Diels−Alder adducts of 1-substituted cyclopentadienes are obtained through a one-pot procedure whereby ethyl acrylate is initially employed to consume all 2-substituted cyclopentadiene. Subsequently, various 2,5-disubstituted benzoquinones are added to react with remaining 1-substituted cyclopentadiene. Remarkably, reaction occurs selectively at the double bond coordinated anti to catalyst 2 to provide adducts containing adjacent all-carbon quaternary stereocenters in high yields and excellent enantioselectivities.


Nutritional potentials of edible larvae of Longhorned beetle (Apomecyna parumpunctata) was investigated. Proximate composition of the edible larvae had protein (16.24%), fat (13.26%) and high moisture content (60.45%) with average energy of 212.32kcal/100g. The larvae had low amounts of three essential minerals (calcium, magnesium and sodium) ranging between 4.7-16mg/100m/Dm and lower amounts of potassium and phosphorus (1.52mg/100g/Dm). Fatty acid composition of the larvae showed highest amounts of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) oleic (50.26%), nervonic (2.57%, erucic (2.57%) and palmitoleic (1.40%); followed by saturated fatty acids (SFA) palmitic (24.60%), behenic (2.03% and myristic (1.83%). There were low amounts of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) which are good for health of the heart; linoleic (12.28%) known as Omega 6 – acid; linolennic (0.21%), docosahexaenoic (0.21%) and eicosadienoic (0.25%) which are known as Omega 3–acids. The fats obtained occasionally by the consumption of roasted larvae are relatively good for health because it had PS ratio of 0.43 which has lower risk for heart disorders than the common saturated oils.


The anode fabrication process for pixelated Cadmium Zinc Telluride detectors is constantly evolving. In September of 2012, Redlen Technologies began manufacturing 50 20×20×5 mm3 CdZnTe planar-cathode common-grid 11×11 pixelated detectors to determine which fabrication technique minimizes gain deficit. The anode fabrications are divided into 5 groups: standard fabrication with gold contacts on printed circuit board substrate, sputtered platinum contacts, ceramic substrate, and 2 proprietary fabrication techniques dubbed A and B. The performance of these detectors is studied and ranked by comparing gain deficit and standard parameters such as bulk and grid resistivity, energy and imaging resolution, and grid steering in order to recommend adjustments to the standard manufacturing technique and gauge the suitability of these detectors for a multi-detector array system.


In what could be seen as reminiscent of developments in the early 1990s when emerging research findings from North America provided a stimulus to question the dominant orthodoxy (amongst some politicians and policy makers at least) of 'nothing works', there is once again a challenge from that continent to the 'nail' em and jail'em' (Taxman, 2008: 276) approach that has accentuated the surveillance and control aspects to the supervision process backed by a realization that an over-emphasis on the risks posed by individuals can also lead us to ignore their strengths and resources. Whereas the first wave of 'What Works?' sought to establish principles underpinning those interventions that were most likely to bring about a reduction in reoffending, this time the focus has been less on the efficacy of 'treatment programmes' and more on the nature of the individual interactions between supervisor and supervisee in an attempt to uncover the 'black box' (Bonta et al., 2008) of one-to-one supervision. The initial findings from these studies appear to re-affirm the significant impact that the skills and values held by practitioners can have in determining successful outcomes in the supervision process. The Maryland Proactive Community Supervision (PCS), for example, found that although reducing caseloads to a manageable level was a crucial factor, it was not solely about creating more space for direct work that yielded positive results. Equally important was the attention given to providing staff with new or additional behavioural skills within an empowering environment (Taxman, 2008). Similarly, in a small scale Canadian study (Bonta et al., 2010), probation officers who received training in targeting attitudes, building rapport, using pro-social modelling, reinforcement and cognitive behavioural techniques to influence change, not only demonstrated better relationship skills and had a more clearly defined structure to their supervision sessions, but significantly achieved much lower reconviction rates amongst their supervisees (25.3% as opposed to 40.5% for the control group).


Premiere Vision,the world's premier fabric show presenting the weavers' creativity to buyers throughout the world was taking place at Kulun Hotel in Beijing on March 31-April 1.The two-day club like show provided a communication and business transaction platform for fashion professionals and dealers. For this 15th edition,dedicated to spring summer 2012,46 participants coming from 6 countries—France,Italy,Turkey, China,Japan and Spain participated the show. Famous names in the sector are present with a particularly tempting fabric offer for the spring summer 12 season.They


We propose a computer-aided methodology to automatically generate production schemes for chemical batch plants operating in multi-batch mode. Our approach is based on the following principles: (1) the plant is modeled at the level of process operations whose behavior is specified by timed automata, (2) the production schemes are generated using algorithms for reachability analysis of timed automata implemented in OpenKronos [3], (3) the output of the verification tool is post-processed to derive a dispatcher. Our method works for non-cyclic and cyclic production. We apply our methodology to the batch plant at the University of Dortmund. The automatically computed operation schemes turn out to be more efficient than the previously used handwritten ones.


The new ephemeris of the eclipsing binary system GV Leo is presented. The observation was made with CCD through the C filter. These three W UMa systems studied for the first time so we used the Czech astronomical society's database to extract raw data from the complete light curves, to obtain the time of minimums to calculate O-Cs with the new ephemeris. To analysis the light curve, we used PHOEBE software. We calculated the fillout factor to be 17.77% with a mass ratio of 0.188. There is no need to add any spot in this solution.


We begin this paper with highlighting the importance of Artificially Intelligent in supporting human efforts in mining web resources for crime-related conversation. By introducing Lawrence Kohlberg's theory of stages of moral development, we identify this work as preliminary research and a part of an ongoing research. Thirdly, we discuss our experiences in extracting drugand traffic-related offences from the British law system and ranking them in a weighted model. Finally, we describe our methods to broaden system's results and present sample query result on British National Corpus. Keywords ― Crime Detection, British Law System, 1. Introduction Machines have been used as tools to support human efforts in many fields like industry, information gathering and processing. Recently highly specialized machines, such as computers and robots are also taking over human roles in many parts of these fields. The development of Internet resulted in new challenges, especially for law enforcement, such as online frauds or identity theft. With their computational capabilities, computers are able to find patterns difficult to discover for humans. However, social network services, blogs, dark web fora – all of these virtual places contain conversations containing potential crime references. Therefore, detecting them, recognizing and evaluating is an important endeavor. This paper introduces preliminary research on a system designed to automatically detect such crime-related references in text. 2. Kohlbergian agent idea introduction Lawrence Kohlberg was an American psychologist and the author of a theory of scale of moral development [1]. Known as the "moral equivalent of Piaget's theory of cognitive development", Kohlberg's theory states that there are 6 consecutive and rare to regress levels of moral reasoning: Ÿ stage 1: obedience and punishment driven morality in which the worse the punishment for the act, the more "wrong" an action is perceived to be, Ÿ stage 2: self-interest driven approach searching for the direct benefit
from an action, Ÿ stage 3: "good" determined by social consensus on approval or disapproval
to certain actions, Ÿ stage 4: law and social order driven morality that ensures maintenance of a functioning society, Ÿ stage 5: laws and rules considered a "social contract" and though this approach respects individuality – the majority decides, Ÿ stage 6: universal ethical principles and abstract moral reasoning level. Using Kohlberg's theory as a path to follow [2], this paper introduces stage 4-based module development. 3. Crimes and penalties catalogue creation For this research we use Welcome to Gov.UK website [5]. We have decided to manually extract drugsand traffic-related felonies, infractions, violations and / or misdemeanors from the English (England and Wales) law system. For drugs-related penalties, we were able to collected 60 initial entries, covering possession and supply and production of drugs of different classes, incl. cocaine and LSD, cannabis and ketamine or khat and anabolic steroids. Traffic-related crimes catalogue cover 20 entries, from some of the most serious, such as "causing death by dangerous driving", "failing to stop after an accident," "failing to report an accident", or "driving without insurance", through less socially harmful, such as "speeding" or "cycling on the pavement." 4. Ranking creation and penalty weighting The maximum penalties for drug possession, 2016年度日本認知科学会第33回大会 P1-12


Malaria treatment guidelines are based primarily on results from clinical trials. Accurate assessment of drug efficacy in such studies therefore represents a prerequisite to ensure effective and lifesaving treatment for children with Plasmodium falciparum infections in Africa. The World Health Organization standard procedures for in vivo assessment include a patient follow-up duration of at least 28 days. However, during four weeks or more after initiation of treatment in high transmission areas in Africa recurrent infections are inevitable, due to the continuous exposure to infective mosquito bites. Since microscopy cannot distinguish parasites that have escaped drug action (treatment failure/recrudescence) from those arising from new mosquito inoculations (new infections/reinfections), polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based genotyping of malaria infections has been introduced to improve this distinction. PCR adjustment is presently achieved by analysis of two blood samples, one collected at enrolment and the other at time of recurrent parasitaemia. However, despite being a sensitive technique PCR may not identify minority clones in complex malaria infections and parasites sequestering in the deep vascular system during the later part of the erythrocytic life cycle. This thesis primarily addresses two fundamental aspects of the assessment of PCR adjusted efficacy of antimalarial drugs in Africa, i.e. the influence of extended followup beyond 28 days and added consecutive day blood sampling. The results reveal that both an extension of follow-up and consecutive day blood sampling improve the identification of recrudescences. By pooling data from 1414 children enrolled in three studies included in this thesis the overall sensitivity of the 28 day follow-up schedule to identify recrudescences was calculated to 48/72=67% [95% CI 55-76%] compared with day 42 assessment. Moreover, consecutive day, instead of single day blood sampling improved identification of recrudescences by circa 20%. The work in this thesis also highlights the potential influence of the number of genetic markers used and the choice of DNA extraction method on the efficacy outcome in the clinical trials Thus, assessment of PCR adjusted cure rates in high endemic areas depends substantially on methodology and should therefore be interpreted with caution. The results from this thesis should be considered in the design of antimalarial drug trials to improve assessment of antimalarial drug efficacy in Africa. LIST OF PUBLICATIONS This thesis is based on the following papers, which will be referred to by their Roman numerals: I. Mårtensson A, Strömberg J, Sisowath C, Msellem MI, Gil JP, Montgomery SM, Olliaro P, Ali AS, Björkman A. Efficacy of artesunate plus amodiaquine versus that of artemetherlumefantrine for the treatment of uncomplicated childhood malaria in Zanzibar, Tanzania. Clin Infect Dis 2005; 41(8):1079-86. II. Abdulla S, Sagara I, Borrmann S, D'Alessandro U, González R, Hamel M, Ogutu B, Mårtensson A, Lyimo J, Maiga H, Sasi P, Nahum A, Bassat Q, Juma E, Otieno L, Björkman A, Beck HP, Andriano K, Cousin M, Lefèvre G, Ubben D, Premji Z. Efficacy and safety of artemether-lumefantrine dispersible tablet in African infants and children with uncomplicated malaria: a randomised, investigatorblinded, multi-centre comparison with the crushed commercial tablet. Lancet. 2008 Oct 14. (Electronically published ahead of print) III. Bereczky S, Mårtensson A, Gil JP, Färnert A. Rapid DNA extraction from archive blood spots on filter paper for genotyping of P. falciparum. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2005;72(3):249-51. IV. Mårtensson A, Ngasala B, Ursing J, Veiga MI, Wiklund L, Membi C, Montgomery SM, Premji Z, Färnert A, Björkman A. Influence of consecutive-day blood sampling on polymerase chain reaction– adjusted parasitological cure rates in an antimalarial-drug trial conducted in Tanzania. J Infect Dis. 2007;195(4):597-601. V. Mårtensson A, Carlsson AM, Ngasala B, Dahlström S, Membi C, Musih MA, Omary S, Montgomery SM, Rombo L, Abdullah S, Premji Z, Gil JP, Björkman A. Plasmodium falciparum population dynamics during the early phase of antimalarial drug treatment in Tanzanian children with acute uncomplicated malaria. Manuscript.


Since 2007, the emerging wireless technologies for industrial applications such as wireless highway addressable remote transducer (WirelessHART), and ISA100.11a have been used mainly for process monitoring application only. When gearing toward control application of these technologies a common factor that often being considered is network latency or known as delay. Although the typical network round trip (upstream, and downstream) delays have been reported in recent researches, only few have discussed on the relationship between message payload length and the network induced delays. Therefore, this paper carries out an investigation into the effect of variable payload on the delay of control message sending from controller to plant actuator using the widely preferred industrial wireless technology, WirelessHART.


The practice of complementary and alternative medicine is now on the increase in developing countries in response to World Health Organization's directives. This has culminated in several pre-clinical and clinical studies that have provided the scientific basis for the efficacy of many plants used in folk medicine to improve growth performance in farm animals and treat infections. This study was carried out to investigate the chemical, mineral and phytochemical contents of garlic as a preliminary work to evaluate the influence of garlic on the performance characteristics of broiler chickens. Garlic bulbs (Allium sativum), including cloves and hulls, were obtained from the open market at Ado-Ekiti-Nigeria. The garlic bulbs were desegmented into cloves and were cut into chips. The chips were sun-dried for 3 weeks. The dried garlic chips were milled and analysed for the chemical compositions. The results obtained indicated that garlic on dry matter basis contained 4.55 mg/100g, 73.22 mg/100g and 15.33 mg/100g of moisture, carbohydrate and crude protein respectively. The crude fat was 0.72 mg/100g while crude fibre and ash were 2.10 mg/100g and 4.08 mg/100g, respectively. Garlic contained 10.19, 26.30, 10.19, 5.29, 0.001, 0.34 and 0.001 mg/100g of potassium, calcium, phosphorus, iron, magnesium, zinc and manganese respectively while lead and cobalt were below detection level. Garlic is acidic (pH = 3.91) and contained 4.21, 3.54, 0.64, 0.80, 5.56, 0.04 and 0.02 mg/100g of alkaloids, tannins, carotenoids, saponin, flavonoids, steroids and cardenolides, respectively. Garlic as a feed additive possesses nutritional properties for use in the enhancement of improved livestock production.


In order to further study the effect of artificial grassland on restoring the"heitutan",the species compositions of plant communities in degraded artificial grassland,"heitutan"and natural grassland were analyzed.The results showed that the average species number of degraded artificial grassland,"heitutan"and natural grassland was 29,32 and 35,respectively.The important value of gramineae accounted for21% of total community in the degraded artificial grassland,the important value of forbs accounted for88.2% of total community in the"heitutan".The important value of gramineae and cyperaceae accounted for 37.4% of total community in the natural grassland.Shannon-Wiener indexes,Simpson dominant concentration indexes and Pielou evenness indexes of different grasslands were all ordered as natural grassland"heitutan"degraded artificial grassland.Sorensen and Jaccard indexes showed that degraded artificial grassland and"heitutan"had the biggest community similarity,followed by"heitutan"and natural grassland,degraded artificial grassland and natural grassland had the smallest community similarity.The percentage of forbs in degraded artificial grassland was about 10%less than "heitutan".The conclusion was that artificial grassland was degraded after several years,but the artificial grassland promoted the restoration of degraded plant community in"heitutan"to a certain extent.


An empirical model of radiation belt relativistic electrons (μ = 560–875 MeV G−1 and I = 0.088–0.14 RE G0.5) with average energy ∼1.3 MeV is developed. The model inputs solar wind parameters (velocity, density, interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) |B|, Bz, and By), magnetospheric state parameters (SYM‐H and AL), and L*. The model outputs the radiation belt electron phase space density (PSD). The model is operational from L* = 3 to 6.5. The model is constructed with neural networks assisted by information theory. Information theory is used to select the most effective and relevant solar wind and magnetospheric input parameters plus their lag times based on their information transfer to the PSD. Based on the test set, the model prediction efficiency (PE) increases with increasing L*, ranging from −0.043 at L* = 3 to 0.76 at L* = 6.5. The model PE is near 0 at L* = 3–4 because at this L* range, the solar wind and magnetospheric parameters transfer little information to the PSD. Using solar wind observations at L1 and magnetospheric index (AL and SYM‐H) models solely driven by solar wind, the radiation belt model can be used to forecast PSD 30–60 min ahead. This baseline model can potentially complement a class of empirical models that input data from low earth orbit (LEO).


This method for pricing software development risk estimates two parameters for each risk factor: extra cost incurred per unit exposure and project sensitivity.


There have emerged ample literature about the Second Law analysis of extraterrestrial and terrestrial solar radiation consequent to the pioneer works by R. Petela and D. C. Spanner, of which most are irrelevant to the frequency distribution of solar radiation. Since the Second Law analysis was introduced to the fields like photovoltaic and photosynthesis, rendering a need for a method closely related to solar radiation spectrum, some authors created wavelength dependent dilute factots to take the various influence of atmosphere on the frequency distribution into consideration. Because of the complexity of the influence on different frequency, it is not convenient and accurate enough to practically apply the present exergy theories of diluted solar radiation to real solar exergy systems at the surface of the earth. This paper shows a numerical method of Second Law analysis in dealing with the cases of diluted solar irradiance on the earth, based on the observed spectra of global direct and diffuse radiat


Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, Department of Geology and Environmental Geosciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Dayton, Dayton, OH, United States, CSIRO Data61, Clayton South, VIC, Australia


The general objective of this study is to ascertain the effect of cash flow statement on companies' profitability in Nigeria. The study involved a survey of three Banks; Fidelity bank of Nig Plc, First bank of Nig Plc and First city monument Bank Plc. Information were obtained from the cash flow statements contained in the Annual reports of these banks in the year 2009-2013. Multiple regression was the Analytical tool used in testing the Hypotheses. The results of the study revealed that Operating and Financing cash-flows have significant positive effect on company's profitability in the Banking sector of Nigeria. It was also empirically verified that Investing cash flow has significant negative effect on the profitability of these companies under study.


Under the prerequisite that author"s consciousness could be interpreted related to color if color has close relationship with human subconsciousness, desire or psychology, this study analyzed Oh Jeong-Hee"s 「Garden of Childhood」 and examined a characteristic of growth novel by application of color psychology. So this study understands psychology and consciousness shown by characters through repeatedly appeared color image in Oh Jeong-Hee"s novel, and analyzed how effectively the color image reveals a aspect of a female growth novel. The yellow color was mainly used to reveal a vague mentality and anxiety of a little female character who watches desires. The yellow image functions as revealing dim self-consciousness on life as a female being presenting weak inner side of main character more sensuously and in detail. The red color image was used mainly to describe body which pursuits desire. As a color which lost purity, this red color functions to express mother"s desire, who violates taboo, and to reveals a world of rebellion. And because of image of tension and confliction caused by red color, it contributes to extend the psychology of anxiety and fear that the little female main character feels. The pink color image is frequently used to describe the body which pursuit desire with combination of sun light and white color etc. This pink color image contributes for Norangnuni to recognize the body without birth as pure being, and functions to make Norangnuni recognize female being"s sexual desire as positive one by connecting body of grand mother and sexual desire of Bune to softness, joy and praise. To describe a body that its desire is under watch, mainly achromatic color was used. We could know the various color image appeared in 「Garden of Childhood」 contributes to present psychology of a little female character in detail, which were experience in the process of growth. This color image does a function of revelation of fear on growth as a female being by revealing chaos and confusing psychology of the main character, forming anxiety on rebellious body, showing a praising psychology on the being which pursuit desire.


A recent survey suggests that 10.2% of software developers work as independent contractors, freelancers, or are self-employed. Whether they fully or only partly depend on gig work for their income, or work in traditional organizations, most software developers must concurrently work on multiple projects with multiple teams across a variety of software development platforms. This creates a complex and fragmented work environment for developers. We refer to this phenomenon as Multiple Team Membership (MTM). Utilizing a multi-method study, our goal is to develop a deeper understanding of MTM in software development by first developing and then empirically testing a research framework that can contribute to the broader context of research on software development challenges in the gig economy.


Objective To understand the characteristics and significance of fasting glucose and glycated hemoglobin changes in the acute exacerbation stage of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases.Methods The fasting glucose and glycated hemoglobin of the acute exacerbation stage(40 patients) and the stable stage(40 patients) of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases were tested and compared to the normal control group(40 patients).Results The blood glucose of the acute exacerbation stage group was significantly higher than that of the stable stage group and the normal control group respectively,with statistically significant difference(Р 0.05),but the glycosylated hemoglobin and fasting blood glucose were not significantly correlated(Р 0.05).Conclusion Acute hyperglycemia is prone to occur in the acute exacerbation stage of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,which is harmful to the prognosis of disease.


The paper reports some experimental measurement results concerning current harmonics and power consumptions associated to some single phase non-linear loads supplied in low voltage. In particular some office equipments and florescent lamps have been monitored during their typical operation phases. For the purpose a custom monitoring system has been used. The harmonic monitoring survey has permitted an interesting characterization of harmonic spectrum variability that is very useful for penetration studies based upon a bottom-up approach.


Head and neck cancer accounts for 4% of all malignancies worldwide, though it constitutes 40% of the cancer burden in India [1,2]. The distinct geographic predilection of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), a major portion of the burden being laryngopharyngeal cancers, may be due to prevalence of risk factors and genetic susceptibility. Advances in treatment strategies have not been accompanied by a parallel improvement in the survival rates. The major reasons being late presentation, high occurrence rate and the development of multiple primary tumors (10-30%) [1-3]. Detection and identification of patients who are likely to respond to treatment so as to avoid unnecessary toxicity through identifying response/resistant markers are the critical questions that need to be addressed through a comprehensive and systemic approach.


P. M. Ferreira, 2 B. L. Gonçalves, 2 F. R. Joaquim, and Marc Sher Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa 1959-007 Lisboa, Portugal Centro de F́ısica Teórica e Computacional, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Edif́ıcio C8 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal Departamento de F́ısica and CFTP, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal High Energy Theory Group, William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187, USA The recent measurement of the muon g − 2 anomaly continues to defy a Standard Model explanation, but can be accommodated within the framework of two Higgs doublet models, although the pseudoscalar mass must be fairly light. If one further includes extra fermion content in the form of a generation of vector-like leptons, the allowed parameter range that explains the anomaly is even further extended, and clashes with B-decay constraints may be avoided. We will show how the muon magnetic moment anomaly can be fit within these models, under the assumption that the vector-like leptons do not mix with the muon. We update previous analyses and include all theoretical and experimental constraints, including searches for extra scalars. It is shown that the inclusion of vector-like fermions allows the lepton-specific and muon-specific models to perform much better in fitting the muon's g − 2. However, these fits do require the Yukawa coupling between the Higgs and the vector-like leptons to be large, causing potential problems with perturbativity and unitarity, and thus models in which the vector-like leptons mix with the muon may be preferred.


This overview adopts a critical social science perspective to examine the state of play and potential futures for coal in the context of climate change. It introduces key trends in coal consumption, production and trade, before reviewing the relevant literature. Finding surprisingly little literature directly focused on coal and climate change, it appraises existing work and highlights key areas for future research. In addition to established literatures on the situated politics of coal and the political economy of coal, new work calling for demand side policies to be supplemented with supply side policies highlights the increasing importance of normative contestations in driving debates over coal. This suggests that scholars must engage much more directly with climate change as an issue, and particularly with the place of coal in a just transition. Because of coal's mammoth contribution to climate change and the complex political economy which drives its production and consumption, it is likely that coal will remain at the center of difficult questions about the relationship between climate action and development for quite some time.


Although the Common Core standards for mathematics and English proficiency have been widely adopted, a similar set of standards for science has been less successful.


Status Epilepticus (SE) is a medical emergency involving persistent seizure activity. In adults it is more common in older age and has highest mortality in this group [1-6]. It requires urgent and aggressive treatment to prevent serious sequelae including disability and death. The prolonged post-ictal state seen in old age can add further hazards. SE occurs in patients with pre-existing epilepsy but also presents as a result of other illness. Tallis notes that seizures in older people have a significant psychological effect; by undermining self-confidence at the deepest level, it may seem a "harbinger of death."


The etiological agents of bacillary necrosis, a disease of larval and juvenile bivalve mollusks, are designated members of the genus Vibrio.


Topic This PhD position takes part of the ANR project SIGMOiD that has been submitted to the ANR. The position will be fully funded if the project is accepted. The final answer for the funding will be known in July 2014. The discovery of the orbital angular momentum (OAM) in an electromagnetic (EM) radiation less than a century ago, has drawn the attention of the scientific community in the optical domain in a first time and also in radiofrequency bands since 2007. From a wave point of view, the OAM is characterized by a helical phase front in the propagation direction. This characteristic can be used to create orthogonal channels for transmission of information but also for target detection purposes in the remote sensing field. Some works have dealt with these applications and some of them have shown that the OAM can be used in free-space optical communications to increase the data rate [1]. Some authors have also shown that an RF beam carrying an OAM makes an object rotating, proving in the same time a mechanical property of the EM radiation [2]. In the radiofrequency range, the transmission of two distinct data contents at the same time with the same frequency using two distinct OAM modes (i.e. l=0 and l=1) has recently been performed in Venice, Italy, in 2011 [3]. It has also been proved that when the OAM is generated with an antenna array, the transmission modes correspond to a particular singular value decomposition (SVD) of the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel in the free-space propagation scenario [4]. However, this precoding technique could be still interesting since it has been proved by the recent interest of industrial actors to this technique [5]. Whatever the application, a reliable detection of the OAM mode is needed. This thesis aims to study advanced signal processing algorithms for the detection of the OAM in EM waves and the use of the OAM as a new spatial modulation as well [6,7]. In a first time, the spherical harmonic decomposition (SHD) of a signal carrying an OAM in various environments, ranging from AWGN to multipath channels, will be investigated. According to the obtained decomposition, we will search for a receiving array architecture allowing the detection of the OAM in various environments. Besides these tasks, the compressed sensing tool applied to the detection of the OAM will be investigated to derive the minimal number of sensors …


OBJECTIVE To testify the effects of Zhike syrup on relieving cough and reducing sputum in mice. METHODS Method of coughing stimulated by sulphur dioxide and method of phenol red were used. RESULTS Zhike syrup obviously prolonged the incubation period of coughing and increasel the bronchotracheal secretion of phenol red. CONCLUSION Zhike syrup has the obvious effects on relieving cough and reducing sputum in mice.


It is shown that coupling wave theory combined with the finite-element method can be used to treat scattering by a waveguide cavity of complex configuration. This technique is efficient and accurate; it can manage to calculate the scattering from a curved and variable cross-section tube. Experimental and numerical results have verified this.<<ETX>>


Preface * BACKGROUND * Introduction and Overview * Foundations of Financial Economics * METHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS * Variational Inequalities * Projected Dynamical Systems * Nonlinear Networks * SINGLE COUNTRY MODELS * Static Single Country Models * Static Single Country Hedging Models * Dynamic Single Country Models * Static Imperfect Market Models * Dynamic Imperfect Market Models * INTERNATIONAL MODELS * International Financial Models * International Models with Hedging * Imperfect Market Models * FLOW OF FUNDS AND ESTIMATION * Flow of Funds Models * EMPIRICAL RESULTS * Empirical Analysis * Linear Algebra and Analysis * Probability * Black and Scholes Model.


The interest for core-shells has been increased in the recent years due to their improved and modifiable properties. In this work, Fe3O4-TiO2 and Fe3O4-SiO2 core-shells were successfully synthesized from an industrially produced magnetite-rich powder with microand nanometric particle sizes, superparamagnetic behavior and saturation magnetization of 49 emu/g. The reverse microemulsion method was used to the synthesis of these core-shells. X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, electron microscopy (SEM-TEM), and magnetization curves were used to characterize the solids. Core-shells with different morphology and size, coating of crystalline TiO2 (anatase) or amorphous silica, and superparamagnetic performance at room temperature (300 K) were obtained.


"Present both in the melodies recorded by Dimitrie Cunțanu and in the melodies that we find in the oral tradition, modal constructions represent melodic molds for defining the central Transylvanian musical style. The correct framing of a melodic line is achieved by means of the scale, the cadential system and the melodic formulae. The ecclesiastical musical style according to Cunțanu, which was derived s from the Byzantine musical tradition, has become an individual style among ecclesiastical musical styles by uniquely assimilating various musical elements from folklore, music of the related cults, cultic music, and entertainment music. The resulting modal patterns have created a church style specific to the intra-Carpathian area, which has ossified into an autochthonous musical tradition. Indexing the modal constructions gives us an overview of the internal structures that underlie and individualize each mode. Keywords: melodic formulas, Dimitrie Cunțanu, default typology"


The dienone 4 was converted to ketal ketone 6 by ketalization and reduction with lithium in liquid ammonia. The tosylhyrazone of 6, on treatment with lithium diisopropylamide, afforded the olefin 9 which was converted to the bromohydrin 12 with N-bromosuccinimide. Oxidation of bromohydrin 12 with lead tetraacetate in benzene afforded the bromo ether 16, whose transformation to epoxy ketone 3 was achieved by heating with tri-n-butyltin hydride in methanol followed by deketalization.


BSTRACT This report discusses three studies of 2to 5-year-old children's interpretations of.eacial expressions in terms of (1) the structure of the emotional domain and (2) prototypic example, overlap, and range of emotion .categories. In the first study, 78 children were asked to make similarity judgments about 10 photographed facial expressions by sorting the photographs-into ,two, three, and five piles. Results suggested that thildrenas young as 2 yearg structure tht emotional domain in roughly the same way as older children and adults and that they may perceive emotion in terms of pieasureland arousal. In the second study, 60 pre-schoolers at each of four age levels and a comparison group of 60 adults were asked to tell whtich'of,two facial expressions corresponded to ao emotion 'label. In general, children's choices-indicated that theist cattegoriesof emotion are broader than adults', although children and adults usually shared the same prototype. In the last study, 48 children and 20 adults were asked to tell whether or not seath of the 10 facial expressions corresponded to an emotion label. Resuitt indicated that, for each emotion word, Several faces apply; in addition, each face was peen as an example of several emotions. In both cases, .the range narrowed-with age. It was concluded that it is more useftl to describe carefully children's behavior in interpreting facial .expressions than to assess childr's responses against an adult norm. ,.(A6thor/CB) A


Abstract The Specialist Schools Initiative in England has urged schools to plan their teaching of foreign languages in relation to the linguistic needs and preferences of their local communities. The changing multilingual fabric of many parts of Britain make such a goal a potentially difficult and controversial process. This paper explores the views of a range of staff and students at two urban schools in England about the existing and preferred structuring of foreign language provision at their respective schools. Drawing on a small scale qualitative study, three main questions are addressed: How does a school define the concept of community and identify a community's needs? How can a school meet the linguistic needs and requirements of a multilingual community? What programmes of provision are in place or need to be in place to meet the various linguistic needs? One key finding from the research is that the conceptualisation of the community and the linguistic profiling of a catchment community by a secondary school remain problematic. Secondly, the views of senior management, FL co-ordinators, and students represent varying and at times conflicting priorities about provision of FLs in school. Thirdly, the authors suggest that a horizontally structured language programme based upon choice and equality with a relevance to the community may be an appropriate model for schools operating within the multilingual context.


This review of the 1990 literature on career development and counseling emphasizes literature on career counseling approaches and interventions, and literature related to the general theme of "work within a life." This theme addresses how work simultaneously expresses and influences how an individual functions as an integrated psychological being. The importance of the context of an individual's life is also emphasized throughout the review. Topics include race, sex, and multiple role issues, selected career choice issues and indecision, coping on the job, and job change and unemployment. Implications for career counseling are provided.


The message from a single chart's data from the first full-scale hydraulic fracturing surface test is simple: Far less proppant flows out of the first clusters passed in a stage than the last ones.
 The likely explanation drawn from a surface test created by GEODynamics is that the momentum of those relatively large sand grains prevents them from making that turn early on, leaving a lot of sand for later stages where the slowing flow will make the turn easier.
 "The flow is going 45 miles an hour; sand particles have to turn in three-eighths of an inch," said Jack Kolle, senior technical advisor at a sister company, Oil States Energy Services. He made the comment during a presentation about modeling fracturing test data to create an engineering model of proppant flows during at the recent SPE Hydraulic Fracturing Technology Conference and Exhibition (SPE 209178).
 When he first heard about the test results, Kolle thought he could create a model by using basic fluid mechanics concepts. After he started working on a model, though, he realized that proppant flow was more complex than expected. "It quickly became apparent we could not explain it without CFD modeling," he said.
 He was referring to computational flow dynamics (CFD) which requires massive amounts of computing power to model complex flows such as the flow of air around an aircraft wing. In the past it has been used in studies that concluded that the fast-moving flow of water and sand during fracturing resulted in uneven distribution of water and sand.
 The model he created based on data from GEODynamic's unique surface testing setup and subsurface fracturing analysis evolved into the company's fracturing-flow advisor program, StageCoach.
 Based on a quick look at four charts in a paper about the testing, it appears that larger-grained proppant is far more likely to slip past early clusters than smaller grains, which tend to be distributed evenly among clusters. And fracturing designs that more evenly distribute the slurry among the clusters can further flatten the distribution (SPE 209141).
 The results favor some established trends. The industry has embraced 100 mesh proppant for fracturing and limited-entry designs which, to varying degrees, ensure more-even distribution.
 What constitutes limited entry has evolved. A 2019 paper on the first two rounds of testing preceded current stage designs using clusters with only one perforation per cluster, often at the top of the hole.
 The test work supported the rule of thumb that shooting perforations at the bottom of the casing is a bad idea. The thinking has been that a perf gun lying on the bottom of the casing and shooting at point-blank range will create a larger hole than shots made from a distance. When fracturing begins, bottom holes will take in far more of the fluid and proppant, causing rapid wear which is magnified by the force of gravity.


The existence of gravitational waves (GW) is one of the most interesting predictions of the theory of general relativity of Einstein. The experimental discovery of GW would be an important test of the theory itself. In addition, the detection of GW will open a new window of observation especially in those regions of the Universe inaccessible to electromagnetic observations. Interferometers, as Virgo are the most promising devices for the detection of GW. Currently, the sensitivity of these detectors is not yet sufficient to have a detection rate of few events/year. Therefore, an intense experimental program to improve the sensitivity is underway. Specifically, the sensitivity of the next generations of GW detectors, at low frequencies, will be limited by the effect of the radiation pressure (RP) on the suspended mirrors. This phenomenon not yet observed experimentally in the ground based GW detectors band, is currently the subject of a very active research field. My work presented here aims at building a detector for studying quantum effects of RP in GW detectors: the QuRaG experiment. It will consist of a suspended Michelson interferometer where each arm will be a high finesse Fabry-Perot cavity, in which only the end mirror will be further suspended and then sensitive to the RP noise. During my PhD I have actively participated to the R&D of all QuRaG subsystems. Therefore, the work that I have done deals with various aspects of the project whose related problems belong to different domains of physics. My work described in this manuscript demonstrates that QuRaG is realizable and that it will be able to observe the RP noise in the expected frequency range.


An introduction to welding Advanced process development trends Welding power source technology Filler materials for arc welding Gases for advanced welding processes Advanced gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) Gas metal arc welding (GMAW) High energy density processes Narrow-gap welding techniques Monitoring and control of welding processes Welding automation and robotics.


On the channel of wireless transmission environment, there is the data loss suffered from a packet loss. A packet loss brings lowering of image quality of the decoded image. Error concealment method is the efficient method that reduces lowering of performance in having error. This study introduces a method of Adaptive Multi-Side Boundary Matching Principle(AMSBM). After carrying out the analysis of an image data about the boundary data of lost block, this method carries out a block matching by judging how much you can use the most confidential data. It presents higher performance than the related method that was researched formerly. It shows an improved performance of 0.36 ㏈ on average than MSBM method that is presenting the superior performance currently.


Title Essays on Determinants and Measurements of Productivity [an abstract of dissertation and a summary of dissertation review] Author(s) 黄, 霂寒 Citation 北海道大学. 博士(経済学) 甲第12525号 Issue Date 2017-03-23 Doc URL http://hdl.handle.net/2115/66266 Rights(URL) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.1/jp/ Type theses (doctoral abstract and summary of review) Additional Information There are other files related to this item in HUSCAP. Check the above URL. File Information Muhan_HUANG_abstract.pdf (論文内容の要旨)


New product diffusion models are "risky and potentially misleading" (Simon 1994, p. 14). This paper proposes a method which overcomes a number of problems associated with new product diffusion models noted in the marketing literature. We illustrate the methodology in the context of better understanding global variances in new product adoption. Building on existing diffusion models and sample matching principles from international consumer research, we suggest a "staged estimation procedure". The procedure provides both "sensible" and robust estimates, and remains implementable even if the diffusion process is in its earliest stage in most or all countries. In an empirical illustration covering 184 countries on five continents, we use cellular diffusion data to gain insights on how exogenous/endogenous country characteristics affect country-level diffusion patterns. "When it comes to product strategy, managing in a borderless world doesn't mean managing by averages." (The Borderless World, Kenichi Ohmae, McKinsey & Company, 1990, p. 24).


Kondo screening is found in dilute uranium compounds (${\mathrm{U}}_{\mathit{x}}$${\mathrm{La}}_{1\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathit{x}}$)${\mathrm{Ru}}_{2}$${\mathrm{Si}}_{2}$ (x\ensuremath{\leqslant}0.15). At high temperatures, the susceptibility with a large magnetic anisotropy is explained by the crystal field model with the non-Kramers doublet ground state. On the other hand, the low-temperature behaviors of the high-field magnetization, susceptibility, and specific heat are well described by the Kondo model. The \ensuremath{\gamma} value and Schottky anomaly are nearly the same as those observed for ${\mathrm{URu}}_{2}$${\mathrm{Si}}_{2}$. These results suggest that single-site Kondo screening is important for understanding the Fermi liquid state in ${\mathrm{URu}}_{2}$${\mathrm{Si}}_{2}$. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.


This publication provides guidelines for applying the Risk Management Framework (RMF) to information systems and organizations. The RMF includes a disciplined, structured, and flexible process for organizational asset valuation; control selection, implementation, and assessment; system and common control authorizations; and continuous monitoring. It also includes activities to help prepare organizations to execute the RMF at the information system level. The RMF promotes the concept of near real-time risk management and ongoing system and common control authorization through the implementation of continuous monitoring processes; provides senior leaders and executives with the necessary information to make efficient, cost-effective, risk management decisions about the systems supporting their missions and business functions; and integrates security and privacy into the system development life cycle. Executing the RMF tasks enterprise-wide helps to link essential risk management processes at the system level to risk management processes at the organization level. In addition, it establishes responsibility and accountability for the controls implemented in organizational information systems and inherited by those systems. The RMF incorporates concepts from the Framework for Improving Critical Infrastructure Cybersecurity that complement the well-established risk management processes mandated by the Office of Management and Budget and the Federal Information Security Modernization Act.


The aim of this study is to find out how designed Geometry Teaching Lesson affects candidate teachers' Van Hiele Geometric Thinking Levels. For that purpose, 14 weeks long study was performed with 44 candidate teachers who were university students in Turkey. Van Hiele Geometric Thinking Test was applied to candidate teachers before and after Geometry Teaching Lesson. Percentage, frequency and t-test were used for analyzing the data. When the data was investigated, it is seen that before Geometry Teaching Lesson, candidate teachers' geometric thinking levels and t- test points were really low, after lesson both their levels and t-test points made a considerable amount of progress. In this context, it can be said that designed geometry teaching lesson has an affect on upgrading candidate teachers' geometric thinking levels.


The experimental data of the capture and complete fusion cross section for ~(35)Cl,~(40,48) Ca+~(138)U system are fitted by using the Extrapush Model. In consideration of the competition between the fission and neutron evaporation, the excitation functions of the capture cross section,complete fusion cross section and neutron evaporation cross section have been calculated for Ar+~(223,235,238)U system.


This study investigates the accuracy of quantization cell approximation (QCA) in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) broadcast channel. QCA is an analytical quantization model used to approximate the quantized channel state information (CSI) in limited-feedback-based MIMO systems. It has been widely used in important studies for analytical tractability because it approximates the quantized CSI as a simple beta random variable multiplied by a deterministic value. Moreover, the effect of quantization is solely concentrated on the deterministic value such that the corresponding performance analysis is stochastically independent of the quantization process. Nevertheless, the accuracy of QCA has not been carefully demonstrated in previous studies. In this study, a generalized version of QCA is proposed with a complete analysis. Because the proposed QCA requires the use of a specific distance measure, the validity of the distance measure is first investigated. Based on the proposed distance measure, the accuracy of QCA is estimated by analyzing the difference between the spectral efficiencies achieved using QCA and random matrix quantization (RMQ). The corresponding results show that the difference gradually decreases and converges to zero as the number of feedback bits increases. As QCA and RMQ provide performance upper and lower bounds, respectively, in terms of codebook construction, these results prove the asymptotic validity of QCA with respect to the number of feedback bits. Both analysis and simulation results demonstrate that the difference in spectral efficiencies is also small for a moderate number of feedback bits. In addition, this study also demonstrates an asymptotic difference in spectral efficiencies with respect to the signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR). The difference increases with the SNR, but it is bounded by a finite value. Thus, the difference in the worst case SNR can also be suppressed by increasing the number of feedback bits.


Clove oil has been used for a number of years to anaesthetise fish in seawater. In fish farming, this is essential for performing basic procedures such as weighing, tagging, experimental work and for transport. It considerably reduces pathology risks from stress, injury and accident during handling (Keene et al. 1998). It has also been recently proposed as a better alternative to cyanide for the capture of live reef food fish (Erdmann 1999). Clove oil is distilled from Eugenia caryophyllata stems, buds and leaves. In Indonesia, it has been used on humans for centuries as a local anaesthetic (Soto and Burhanuddin 1995). The active ingredients are phenol derivatives, essentially the C10H12O2 eugenol compound (Taylor and Roberts 1999).


Reactions of N,N-dimethylaniline, N-isopropylaniline, 1,4-C6H4(CH2NHtBu)2, and benzyldimethylamine with the Lewis acid B(C6F5)3 have been studied. In the case of N,N-dimethylaniline the combination of the Lewis acid and base forms an almost completely noninteracting frustrated Lewis pair, while the corresponding reactions of N-isopropylaniline and benzyldimethylamine with B(C6F5)3 afford the adducts (PhNHiPr)B(C6F5)3 (1) and PhCH2NMe2B(C6F5)3 (2), respectively. 1,4-C6H4(CH2NHtBu)2 reacts with 2 equiv of B(C6F5)3 to give rise to an inseparable mixture of the mono- and bis-amine–borane adducts as well as an iminium salt derived from hydride abstraction from a benzylic carbon of the diamine. Subsequent selected reactions of the Lewis acid/base combinations with H2 afforded [PhNMe2H][HB(C6F5)3] (3), [PhCH2NMe2H][HB(C6F5)3] (4), and [1,4-C6H4(CH2NH2tBu)2][HB(C6F5)3]2 (5). Reactions with CO2 gave PhCH2NMe2CO2B(C6F5)3 (6), [PhNiPrH2][PhNiPrCO2B(C6F5)3] (8), [1,4-C6H4(CH2NH2tBu)(CH2NtBuCO2B(C6F5)3] (9), and [C5H6...


In several socioeconomic applications, matrices containing information on flows-trade, income or migration flows, for example–are usually not constructed from direct observation but are rather estimated, since the compilation of the information required is often extremely expensive and time-consuming. The estimation process takes as point of departure another matrix which is adjusted until it optimizes some divergence criterion and simultaneously is consistent with some partial information-row and column margins–of the target matrix. Among all the possible criteria to be considered, one of the most popular is the Kullback-Leibler divergence [1], leading to the well-known Cross-Entropy technique. This paper proposes the use of a composite Cross-Entropy approach that allows for introducing a mixture of two types of a priori information–two possible matrices to be included as point of departure in the estimation process. By means of a Monte Carlo simulation experiment, we will show that under some circumstances this approach outperforms other competing estimators. Besides, a real-world case with a matrix of interregional trade is included to show the applicability of the suggested technique.


IPO (Initial Public Offerings) pricing is a systematic and complicated task that directly determines whether the capital market is able to function in a healthy way. As China's stock market goes through ups and downs, China Securities Regulatory Commission generally adopts a positive strategy. Therefore, to weaken the policy factors, 48 cases of IPO companies dated from January 2014 to February 2014 (before price guidance of 23x P/E ratio ceiling) are selected as samples and an approach of grey relational analysis is adopted to analyze the degree on which different factors are able to have an influence. The results show that in general, internal enterprise value factors are likely to play a more important role when compared with external environmental factors. More specifically, profitability, growth potential, operating efficiency, industry characteristics, solvency, capital scale and structure are factors that are more influencing on the offering price, while the market overview and individual stock overview are ones that play a less important role. Based on these results some policy suggestions with regard to IPO pricing are also offered.


The article presents the results of the study of phytoplankton of the Saratov reservoir in different water years. The author examines the dynamics of the qualitative and quantitative development indicators of the phytoplankton in the temporal aspect, its seasonal changes, the allocation of algal flora along the direct axis of the reservoir. The species, dominating in different periods and seasons, are identified in the study. The author appraises the effect of the natural and anthropogenic factors of environment on the development of phytoplankton of the Saratov reservoir.


The possibility to change the spatial character of the Wannier exciton ground state in a wide single type-II semiconductor quantum well has been studied variationally. A heterostructure with the central layer forming a potential well for holes and a barrier for electrons has been considered. A trial function taking into account the possibility to shift the most probable position of hole from the center of the structure towards interfaces for reducing the distance to electron has been proposed. The exciton transition energy and binding energy were calculated for the structure based on the ZnO one. It has been shown that the proposed trial functions can be used for wide quantum wells for which it describes an exciton state with the carriers localized near the interfaces at a distance of the order of the Bohr radius for bulk exciton.


This study investigates the teacher evaluation model used by Concept-managed charter schools. The STEMfocused, college preparatory Concept Schools is a management company manages 31 charter schools in seven different states in the U.S. The Concept Schools (CS) teacher evaluation model was created based on the Danielson Framework and has been used in all CS-managed schools since 2011. This dissertation will use data from three consecutive teacher evaluations to create a predicting model for K-12 school districts. The model will analyze an individual teacher's performance growth and predict future performance. The study use both qualitative and quantitative methods. For qualitative research, researcher interview seven teachers and six principals. For analysis of interview data, the thematic analysis method was used. The quantitative part of research collects teacher's evaluation scores and students standardized math and reading scores. The Structural equation modeling (SEM) and the statistical analysis including estimating fit indices, errors, and model parameters ran by Analysis of Moment Structures. The study finding indicates that there is no overall significant relation between teacher evaluation scores and students' students standardized test scores. However, there is a significant relation between year 2 and year 3 scores and effect on student standardized test score is .26.This study also highlights; open dialogue between teacher and principal important to have meaningful feedback, there is need for non-core subjects training ,clear rubrics will assist trust between teachers and principals. Finally, findings indicates that Targeted or need-based PD plans for teachers that could have more potential in an area of improvement Defense of Dissertation Committee Matthew Davis, Ph.D. Chairperson Keith Miller, Ph.D. Thomasina Hassler, Ph.D. Phyllis Balcerzak, Ph.D.


After Nabokov went into political exile abroad,he finally adopted English as his written language.As viewed from the perspective of psychoanalysis,however,his English works,either Lolita or Pnin,are none other than the sanctuary of his soul in exile that shelters his memories of his native land and mother tongue.


A new model for describing free electrons and holes in crystals in the long-wavelength approximation is proposed. The crystalline anisotropy in the framework of this model is introduced by means of corresponding space-time geometry. The generalized Dirac's equation is constructed and non-relativistic Hamiltonian containing energy terms of the order of c–2 is calculated. It is shown that the spin magnetic components depend on corresponding effective cyclotron masses. Applicability of the results of the proposed model to different experiments is discussed. For the one-dimensional case, a hypothesis of para-Fermi statistics is suggested which may appear to explain one more mechanism of high-Tc superconductivity.


A systematic method for the kinematic and dynamic modeling of a two-degree-of-freedom (DOF) automatic guided vehicle (AGV) is presented. This type of methodology can be used to analyze, design, simulate, and control any kind of rolling robots. The concept of orthogonal complement is used to develop the dynamical equations of motion. The vehicle is analyzed for simulation purposes. Simulation results are reported. It is shown that, using the natural orthogonal complement of the matrix of velocity constraint equations, it is possible to derive systematically the Euler-Lagrange equations of motion of nonholonomic robotic mechanical systems. Moreover, the introduction of the orthogonal complement leads naturally to an efficient computational algorithm.<<ETX>>


In various applications, deep neural networks has produced impressive accuracy, though the success rate is often attributed on heavy network architectures. In this way, a portable student network with significantly fewer parameters can achieve considerable accuracy, compared to a teacher network. But, in addition to the fact that the accuracy, reliability, and timeliness of the learning student network is also important for practical use. In this paper, we make the model to predict the maximum efficiency using the combination of student-teacher network to predict the occurrence of COVID-19 in a person. Three different architectures are used and compared to find out which one gives the highest accuracy. A web application is developed as a frontend for displaying the test results. Here, the different combination of blocks are trained in parallel and finally concatenation of the blocks are done to improvise the efficiency of the model which in turn predicts the presence of COVID-19 among the patients effectively with an accuracy of about 90% at low cost.


In this paper, formation of clusters by ablated materials and those stagnation at the center of a laser fusion reactor with liquid wall are discussed using improved simulation code DECORE. We will report 1) numerical simulation on formation of clusters immediately before the stagnation 2) preliminary results on the cluster formation at the first bounce of the stagnation, 3) experimental result on the diameter measurement of micro droplets formed in a simulation experiment with back-side irradiation of laser.


1. Aniline-induced difference spectrum in post-mortem human liver microsomes was recognized as type II similar to that in rat liver. Hexobarbital- and aminopyrineinduced P-450 difference spectra were also of type II in human, but they were different from those in rat liver microsomes.2. There was no correlation between enzyme activities of the NADPH-linked electron transport system in liver microsomes and aniline hydroxylase activity in human liver, which was similar to that of rat liver. The activity of hydroxylation. of hexobarbital, a type I compound, in human was lower than that in rat liver, and a similar result was observed when aminopyrine was used as substrate.


Problem: Despite frequent reforms to the physical education curriculum, this field is one of the least researched in Mexico. Objective: To investigate how the sessions of physical education take place in primary school by means of the program of the Secretary of Public Education 2011. It was sought to know how physical educators carry out the session ,and how much they incorporate from the hysical education program, as well the obstacles present in the session. . Method: Ten physical educators participated in the study. The instruments used were direct observation and in-depth interview. Conclusions: t Teachers use the program in a limited way . During the session, physical educators promote physical activity of moderate to vigorous intensity, but they face various obstacles to develop it.


Nanoparticles CdS, ZnS and mined crystals of Zn x Cd 1 - x S can be generated in situ in AOT-heptane-water and CTAB-chloroform-water microemulsions using an ultrasonic processor. The nanoparticles exhibit the "quantum size effect". The average diameter of nanoparticles, as manifested in the photoabsorbtion threshold of colloidal semiconductors, increases as the water content of reverse micelles and the concentration of φ-state particles increases. The composition of mixed sulfides and water content (pool size) of inverted micelles can be varied systematically and the band gap energies of the semiconductor particles can be determined from photoabsorption threshold (edges). A method is proposed for determining the bulk optical dielectric constants of solid solutions of two semiconductor employing the Brus equations.


The small and medium enterprises in the national economy occupy an important position in Chinese economic growth, labor, employment and social stability and development. For 2007-2008 global financial crisis, Chinese national economy caused by a powerful impact, but also the development of Chinese small and medium enterprises causing serious impact. Based on growth indicators of 218 cities listed on Shanghai and Shenzhen SMEs, the current financial crisis on the impact of Chinese small and medium enterprises conduct an empirical analysis through the cluster analysis method. The results show that in 2008 Chinese small and medium enterprises affected by the financial crisis strongest year for the development of SMEs in China in 2009 has begun to rebound.


In 2006 in Australia there was an inquiry into allegations of kickbacks being paid to the former Iraqi regime by the grain trading company AWB Limited. The inquiry and its aftermath may come to be seen as the final step in the 34 year dismantling of a centralised wheat marketing system in Australia. This article is a review of the history of that dismantling, treated as a case study to illustrate two things. First, it highlights a general shift in agricultural policy, and the associated values, in Australian politics and second it shows how favourable ideological and institutional change, combined with legislative cycles can provide opportunities for policy advocates who have a clear and consistent policy framework in mind. It is argued in particular that the dominant paradigm for trading agricultural commodities shifted from one based on agrarian collectivism, sectoral stabilisation and 'fairness' to producers to that of a free trading system with consistency in treatment, by the state, of producers and consumers.


The utility model relates to a focusing probe device for ultrasonic detection and aims at providing a curved face line focusing probe which has the characteristics of accurate detection results and simple structure and is convenient to use. A curved face line focusing probe device for circumferential ultrasonic detection of thick-wall cylindrical parts is characterized by comprising a casing and an inclined wedge, the casing is provided with a cavity body, and the inclined wedge is mounted in the cavity body and transmits sound with the velocity equal or approximate to the transverse wave acoustic velocity; and the bottom face of the inclined wedge is a cylindrical face fitting for the outer cylindrical face of a workpiece, the thicker end of the inclined wedge is provided with a convex block protruding upwards, the upper surface of the inclined wedge is completely attached to the lower surface of the cylindrically curved face-shaped wafer, the circle center of the wafer is positioned on the inner wall of the workpiece, and the included angle alpha L between the axis of an acoustic beam of the wafer and the normal line of the interface of the workpiece is in the range of 33.2-45 degrees; a high impedance back lining block is adhered on the back face of the wafer, and the wafer is connected with a cable; and the rest parts of the cavity body are filled with the sound absorption material.


This paper describes for the first time the use of single‐walled carbon nanohorns (SWNHs) as pseudostationary and stationary phases for EKC and CEC, respectively, taking advantage of their characteristic features, such as conical‐end termination, formation of spherical assemblies dahlia‐flower like superstructure and easy functionalization. The use of SWNHs as pseudostationary phase for EKC required the study of their dispersion in different surfactants as well as their compatibility with the electrophoretic system. The carboxylation and subsequent immobilization of carboxylated SWNHs in fused‐silica capillary to obtain useful, reproducible and stable stationary phases for CEC has also been investigated, with promising results. The electrophoretic separations obtained for water‐soluble vitamins in both modalities (EKC and CEC) have been systematically compared with those obtained with single‐walled carbon nanotubes.


Over more than 20 years BAE Systems Integrated System Technologies Ltd. (Insyte) in the UK have been participating in the innovative Multi-function Electronically Scanned Adaptive Radar (MESAR) Programme. This has led to the Engineering Development and first of class production contract for the Sampson radar which is to be fitted for the UK T45 Destroyer as part of the PAAMS weapon system. The MESAR programme, which was jointly funded by UK MoD and Insyte, began in 1982 and has resulted in two radar equipments. MESAR1 was an S-band prototype active array multifunction radar which took part in three trials programmes in the period 1989-1995. The MESAR1 programme pioneered the development of Tx/Rx modules, digital adaptive beamforming and real time radar, radar control all of which were successfully demonstrated in trials. MESAR2 is an S-band pre-production active array multifunction radar which began development in 1995 and subsequently undertook a 2 year trials programme at a UK MoD trials range at Benbecula in the Outer Hebrides, Scotland. The objective of MESAR2 was to demonstrate the application of MESAR technology to Ballistic Missile Defence. The programme extended and evolved the technology developed in ME SARI and conclusively proved


Green Fluorescent Protein hydrogen bonding network in ground state is investigated. The network consists of chromophore, water molecule, and protein residues around the chromophore that participate in the photocycle. Proton transfer characteristics for each hydrogen bond are obtained. It is found that the proton transfer parameter depends on donor and acceptor electrostatic potentials, cooperative effects, and the sum of protein electrostatic potentials. The shapes of proton transfer parameters versus donor and acceptor electrostatic potentials are similar to I-V characteristics of 2- or 3-terminal devices. In addition, there are characteristics that are similar to reverse diode characteristic, output characteristic of field effect transistor,


Mitochondria are derived from bacteria, which puts them at risk of stress from antibiotics commonly used in cell culture. Antibiotics have been found to cause metabolic changes in cells in vitro, fundamentally altering cellular function and response. We have been culturing without antibiotics for over 8 years using the aseptic conditions in the closed Xvivo System and we have not had a single culture contaminated. With the hypothesis that routine disinfection and the conditions inside the chambers would manage microbial risks without antibiotics, we performed routine cell culture processes (cell thaw, cell passage, cell harvest) using highly permissive color‐changing TSB bacterial broth. In 4 trials, no contamination was found of any mock cultures. Monitoring of the environment inside the system with bacterial contact plates showed no evidence of contamination. Positive and negative controls showed appropriate growth. Our results showed that adding antibiotics is not necessary for aseptic conditions of cell culture, which highly reduces the metabolic risk to cells and would enhance normal cellular functions and responses in vitro.


Background: Lameness is one of the main causes of economic losses in sheep breeding, especially in the distal region of the limbs. Poor sanitation management, especially in terms of hygiene conditions and the introduction of animals without previous preventive care, is an important predisposing factor in sheep flocks. Interdigital phlegmon (foot rot) is a bacterial disease that causes pain, heat, edema, hyperemia in the region, and can lead to secondary processes such as osteomyelitis. This case report describes the use of gamithromycin for the treatment of osteomyelitis secondary to foot rot in a sheep.Case: An Ile-de-France ewe exhibiting signs of lameness, pain, heat, hyperemia and edema in the four digits was treated at the Veterinary Hospital of UNIPAMPA. The lesions were characterized by interdigital phlegmon, commonly known as foot rot, and the right thoracic limb was more affected, exuding a foul odor and purulent secretion. The affected limbs were treated topically with an antiseptic solution. The lesions healed completely except for the right thoracic limb, whose clinical condition worsened. Osteitis was suspected, and was confirmed by radiographic evaluation of the region. Treatment with ceftiofur was introduced, but proved to be ineffective. Nevertheless, the lesion was found to have worsened, and a new X-ray evaluation was made, which revealed dislocation of the distal phalanx as well as involvement of the middle and proximal phalanges. Thus, we decided to perform chemical arthrodesis of the distal interphalangeal joint. Before beginning this procedure, contrast X-rays were taken that revealed the development of a fistulous pathway connecting the distal interphalangeal joint to the proximal interphalangeal joint, which precluded this procedure. In view of the worsening of the condition, amputation of the distal and middle phalanges was performed, as well as scraping of the distal edge of the proximal phalanx. In the postoperative period, ceftiofur was used as antibiotic therapy and flunixin meglumine as analgesic, in addition to daily dressings with topical iodine. After this procedure, there was no improvement in lameness and the radiographic images showed worsening of the clinical condition. At this time, the antimicrobial therapy was replaced with tylosin. After beginning treatment with this antimicrobial, there was a slight decrease in lameness, but a fistulous pathway with purulent secretion was formed in the region corresponding to the distal portion of the first phalanx, as well as an increase in the bone lesion, which was observed radiographically. Due to the ineffectiveness of the drug therapy, it was replaced by gamithromycin, which was applied three times. After beginning this treatment, lameness receded and the wound stopped producing purulent secretion, and at the end of the applications of this active ingredient, there was complete resolution of lameness and improvement of the radiographic signs of the animal of this case report.Discussion: Antimicrobial therapy is an important factor in the treatment of interdigital phlegmon and of osteomyelitis, and should be performed properly using broad-spectrum antibiotics. In the case reported here, although antibiotics with those characteristics were used, the active ingredient had to be changed more than once. In this particular case, there was an improvement in the lameness and the wound, and in the radiographic signs of the proximal phalanx, only after the application of gamithromycin. Therefore, this drug can be considered as an alternative for the treatment of osteomyelitis in ruminants, especially in cases unresponsive to treatment with other antibiotics.


Most ingested foreign bodies are usually passed through the gastrointestinal tract. Ingested toothbrush however is almost never passed due to their long length, which doesn't negotiate the C-loop of the duodenum. Early endoscopic removal is however recommended to reduce chances of morbidity and mortality. Surgical option is considered when there is failure of endoscopic retrieval or when complication such as duodenal perforation has set in. In this case we present a 40-years-old man who accidentally ingested toothbrush that was removed surgically through mini laparotomy and gastrostomy.


To identify and assess the quality of decision aids that align the decision, values and information provided for parents making end‐of‐life or palliative care decisions for children with life‐threatening conditions.


Previous work indicated that Trichogramma nubilale Ertle & Davis could potentially be used as an inundative biological control of Ostrinia nubilalis in sweet corn, Zea mays L., in Minnesota. We expand on these observations to evaluate some of the factors that might limit the utility of T. nubilale in sweet corn and report on releases in green snap bean, Phaseolus vulgaris L. We conducted 3 releases in sweet corn and 2 releases in beans at LeSueur, MN, from 1990 to 1992. Between 11.8 and 60.0 females per square meter of plant surface were released. Two-day egg parasitism varied between 2 and 60% in corn and 15 and 60% in beans. A meta-analysis of these results and several published experimental releases indicated that the major limitation in using T. nubilale is high variability in the relation between release rates and egg mass parasitism rates. This analysis also indicated that the relation between egg mass parasitism and larval population reduction was very strong, and that there was no evidence of density-dependent larval mortality. Thus, future work should focus on elucidating the factors causing variability in parasitism rates to improve the reliability of T. nubilale.


Cell-cell adhesion plays fundamental and dynamic roles in the development and maintenance of multi-cellular organisms. Epithelial sheet is a typical structure and composed of cells that work together and separate from a lumen or space from underlying tissue. It lines most internal surfaces, including gastrointestinal tract and kidney tubes, and external layer of the epithelium as the epidermis of skin. The oral cavity is covered with stratified squamous cell epithelium in which keratinizing epithelial cells strongly connect with each other and differentiate from basal cells at the bottom to keratinized surface cells. Epithelial cells are connected together by junctional complexes that have distinct order with respect to their ultra-structures; zonula occludens (tight junctions), gap junctions, zonula adherens (adherence junctions) and macula adherens (desmosomes). Adherence junctions in epithelial sheet are belt like junctions and composed of cadherins that bind with proteins at the cytoplasmic domain. In other cell types, adherence junctions display different morphology; spotty and discontinuous in fibroblastic cells and punctate in the synaptic junctions. Desmosome is a spot-like junction associated with desmosomal cadherins (desmogleins and desmocollins) and tightly associated with adjacent cell membranes compared to adherence junctions. Stratified squamous epithelial cells express large amount of cadherins and well organize adherence junctions and desmosomes. Disruption of desmosomes by autoantibodies against desmoglein causes pemphigus that are multiple and bullous diseases in the skin and oral mucosa. Cadherins are most characterized cell-cell adhesion molecules and implicated in the development and progression of carcinomas of the epithelial origin. In this chapter, we overview the regulation and role of cadherins in the pathology of oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs).


This research aims to measure the impact of training on the professional qualification of teacher-trainees in all the specifications, behaviors, skills and professional competence corresponding to the practice of the teaching profession by deploying the Kirkpatrick model. To do this, we sent a questionnaire to the mathematics teacher-trainees who benefited from the qualifying training in CRMEF-Settat (Promotion 2019). We, subsequently, conducted an interview with the majority of their trainers. This study allowed us to detect dysfunctions: At the organizational level: Mismatch between the specialty of the diploma obtained by the trainee teachers (physics, chemistry, computer science) and the subject they will be teaching (Mathematics), Lack of an adequate structure at the CRMEF likely to take care of the management and implementation of the MSP (the practical situations) and Insufficient time training. And at the educational level: Insufficient communication between trainers and teacher-trainees, and Lack of support for these teachers in internship places during the MSP period.

Received: 19 July 2021 / Accepted: 20 August 2021 / Published: 5 September 2021


In this paper the semi-classical approach to the solution of non-linear evolution equation is developed. We found the solution in the entire kinematic region to the non-linear evolution equation that governs the dynamics in the high parton density QCD. The large impact parameter (bt) behavior of the solution is discussed as well as the way how to include the non-perturbative QCD corrections in this region of bt. The geometrical scaling behavior and other properties of the solution in the saturation (Color Glass Condensate) kinematic domain are analyzed. We obtain the asymptotic behavior for the physical observables and found the unitarity bounds for them. ∗ Email:email@example.com. † Email: email@example.com . ‡ Email: email@example.com, firstname.lastname@example.com.


Background Excessive positive fluid balance in critically ill patients in intensive care units (ICUs) has been proposed as a risk factor for severe organ dysfunctions, prolonged mechanical ventilation, longer length of stay in ICU, and increased mortality [10, 12, 15]. Fluid bolus therapy (FBT), the rapid infusion of fluid, has been recommended as the primary-line treatment for acute hypotensive episode (AHE) that occurs in about 41% of patients in ICU [13]. However, previous studies have reported that approximately one-third of AHE cases are not successfully resolved by FBT treatment [5, 9, 11].Considering that FBT accounts for about 30-50% of the total fluid volume administrated for ICU patients [2], identifying patients for whom FBT would not likely resolve AHE may prevent an inappropriate increase of the total fluid volume. [9]. Previous studies have focused on predicting cardiac output (CO) as patients' response to FBT since fluid infusion increases CO by increasing the venous return to heart [14]. A 15% increase in CO after FBT has been used as the success benchmark [6]. However, in clinical settings, only 11% of ICU clinicians use the increased CO as the patient's positive response to FBT. 67% of them judged the patient's response as positive when the patient's blood pressure (BP) increases [3]. Of course CO is a gold-standard measure to evaluate patient's physiological response to FBT, but the increased BP might be used as a practical alternative to evaluate the patient's response to FBT in the ICU.


This article analyses the association between personal values and the acceptability of corruption in Russia, France, Germany, and Latvia. Several studies show that cultural values can be related to the level of corruption in the countries at the societal level. We look at the following two questions: (1) Can universal personal values influence the acceptability of corruption for an individual? (2) Is such an influence the same in different countries? A specialized methodology for assessing the acceptability of corruption for an individual was developed and validated. Individual values were assessed using the methodology developed by Schwartz. The studies were conducted in Russia (N=269), France (N=108), Germany (N=101) and Latvia (N=178). The results show that individual values have more inverse correlations with the acceptance of corruption than direct ones. In other words, values play an important role in limiting corrupt behaviour, but not in stimulating it. We discuss the correlations between personal values and the acceptability of corruption and analyse the psychology of these relationships


The model developed in this theses is another confirmation that the Dirichlet boundary conditions (fixed displacements) and the Neumann boundaries (stress free boundary) are boundary conditions which produce reflection. Due to the reflection, the whole incoming energy coming towards the boundary with the wave field is reflected back in the model and hence the energy is captivated inside the model. The model with this kind of boundaries cannot provide accurate results.
Despite that more than 30 years are gone since the Absorbing boundary conditions were introduced by Clayton and Engquist, these boundaries are often used in the practical and research applications nowadays. They are simple to apply, in the problem of wave propagation and artificial boundary conditions. They don't require long computational time and hence are very computationally inexpensive.


8. ScheffRT. Zuckerman G, Harter H, Delmez J, Koehler R. Diverticular disease in patients with chronic renal failure due to polycystic kidney disease. Ann Intern Med 1980; 92: 202. 9. Fleming TW, Barry JM. Bilateral open transperitoneal cyst reduction surgery for autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. J Urol 1998; 159: 44. 10. Sanfilippo FP, Vaughn WK, Peters TG, Bollinger RR, Spees EK. Transplantation for polycystic kidney disease. Transplantation 1983; 36: 54. 11. Mendelssohn DC. Hardin ME, Cardella CJ, Cook GT, mdall PRo Management of end-stage autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease with hemodialysis and transplantation. Clin Nephrol 1988;30: 315. 12. Calman KC, Bell PRF, Briggs JD, Hamilton DNH, McPherson SG, Paton AM. Bilateral nephrectomy prior to renal transplantation. Br J Surg 1976; 63: 512. 13. Williams G, Mitcheson HD, Castro JE.. Transplantation for polycystic kidney disease. Urology 1978; 12: 628. 14. Warholm C, Rekola S, Roll M. Fatal outcome of bilateral nephrectomy in a patient with polycystic kidney disease. Scand J Urol Nephrol 1992; 26: 201. 15. Knispel HH. Klan R, Offermann G, Miller K. Transplantation in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease without nephrectomy. Urol Int 1996; 56: 75.


The past contributions of NASA to adaptive control technology is reviewed. The review places emphasis on aircraft applications although spacecraft and launch vehicle control applications are included. Particular emphasis is given to the adaptive control system used in the X-15 research aircraft. Problem areas that limited the realizable performance of this adaptive system are discussed. Current technological capabilities are used to extrapolate the present-day potential for adaptive flight control. Specifically, the potential created by use of the modern high-speed digital computer in flight control is discussed. Present plans for research in digital adaptive control systems for the NASA F8-C digital fly-by-wire program are presented. These plans are currently envisioned to include research in at least two types of adaptive controls, the system identification/on-line design type, and the model reference type. The former type is expected to provide spin-off in other important experimental test programs. One spin-off relates to the use of online system identification to improve flight-test procedures. Another relates to the use of self-reorganizing control concepts to establish an on-line design capability that takes advantage of the maximum level of redundancy provided by the entire aircraft control system. This plan would make the flight control system optimally tolerant of system failures in both sensors and actuators.