We present 33 GHz photometry of 103 galaxy nuclei and extranuclear star-forming complexes taken with the Green Bank Telescope as part of the Star Formation in Radio Survey. Among the sources without evidence for an active galactic nucleus, and also having lower frequency radio data, we find a median thermal fraction at 33 GHz of ≈76% with a dispersion of ≈24%. For all sources resolved on scales ≲0.5 kpc, the thermal fraction is even larger, being ≳90%. This suggests that the rest-frame 33 GHz emission provides a sensitive measure of the ionizing photon rate from young star-forming regions, thus making it a robust star formation rate (SFR) indicator. Taking the 33 GHz SFRs as a reference, we investigate other empirical calibrations relying on different combinations of warm 24 μm dust, total infrared (IR; 8–1000 μm), Hα line, and far-UV continuum emission. The recipes derived here generally agree with others found in the literature, albeit with a large dispersion that most likely stems from a combination of effects. Comparing the 33 GHz to total IR flux ratios as a function of the radio spectral index, measured between 1.7 and 33 GHz, we find that the ratio increases as the radio spectral index flattens which does not appear to be a distance effect. Consequently, the ratio of non-thermal to total IR emission appears relatively constant, suggesting only moderate variations in the cosmic-ray electron injection spectrum and ratio of synchrotron to total cooling processes among star-forming complexes. Assuming that this trend solely arises from an increase in the thermal fraction sets a maximum on the scatter of the non-thermal spectral indices among the star-forming regions of .


The human interest on understanding how the surrounding space is perceived and processed has stimulated the scientific and experimental research in this field for several decades. Moreover, from the earliest human interaction with computer-generated virtual environments, interest in this subject has received increasing attention, in order to verify whether the observed behavior in virtual environments is similar to that seen in real environments. Virtual reality technologies are currently used in different fields, from the implementation in medicine to the rehabilitation of neuropsychological and psychological disorders, from the use in the military to the exploitation in industry. The positive results obtained through the use of virtual reality continue to support this new technology and its evolution. Research on the human brain mechanisms involved during interactions with these synthetic environments plays an important role from a neuropsychological point of view, and in terms of reliability and credibility of the instrument.
Of particular importance in the study of spatial perception is the question of its representation that distinguishes the surrounding environment in peripersonal space, or near space, the space within arm reach, and extrapersonal space, or far space, defined the space beyond the arm reach. Neuropsychological evidences confirm the existence of different neural mechanisms involved in peripersonal and extrapersonal space representation. Moreover, it is known that the use of standard tools results in a modulation of the perceptual space, expanding the representation of peripersonal space to include the part of extrapersonal space occupied by the end of the tools manipulated.
The aim of the present study is to analyze and understand some unclear aspects of this area of research, and to add information to the basic theory. To this end, several experiments were conducted to investigate the following aspects:
• peripersonal and extrapersonal space limits during tool-use;
• neural circuits involved in representation of peripersonal and extrapersonal space;
• body and arm position influence in the perception of peripersonal and extrapersonal space;
• the mechanism involved in extrapersonal space perception.
The first chapter is an overview of peripersonal and extrapersonal space theories, and of the brain areas involved in their representation, through the analysis of researches and experiments with animal subjects; next, further studies are examined with human participants, in different situations and methods, in order to define the characteristics of this perceptual phenomenon.
The second chapter presents the literature concerning the applications in the virtual reality field in the study of artificial environments spatial perception. The first part of the chapter introduces the basic concepts of the technology. Then, empirical evidences that support the utility and potential of this new technology are exposed Finally, an analysis of the researches concerning the phenomenon of peripersonal space perception in virtual environments is provided.
The third chapter presents the research, and particularly explains the, methodology, experimental procedures and materials used for the experiments. The experimental paradigm used in the present work was the line bisection task. It is a widely used experimental paradigm since relatively easy for participants to perform, but provides valid results in terms of perception and visuospatial attention.
The first study aimed to understand how far up tool-use can expand peripersonal space. The results showed an expansion of perceived peripersonal space when handling a tool up to a distance of 240 cm.
The second study explored which brain areas are involved in a visuospatial attention task performed in a virtual environment, by using the neuroimaging technique functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (i.e., fNIRS). The experiment represents one of the first attempts to investigate the neural correlates by using the fNIRS during an immersive virtual reality experience.
Body position can influence the perception of the surrounding space and the space beyond arm reaching distance. Based on previous results, the third experiment investigated if the feeling of having the body blocked or free to move during a visuospatial attention task has implications in the attentional shift that modulates peripersonal and extrapersonal space perception. The results showed that both for the first and the second case, an abrupt attentional shift, not gradual, during the transition from peripersonal to extrapersonal space was observed.
Arm position can influence the perception of the surrounding space and the space beyond arm reaching distance. Based on previous results, the fourth experiment investigated whether having the arm stretched or bent during a visuospatial attention task, has implications in the modulation of peripersonal and extrapersonal space perception. The results confirmed that the position of the arm affects visuospatial attention.
The last experiment has specifically investigated the underlying causes of peripersonal space expansion when using a tool. It is believed that is the ability to actively manipulate the space the essential feature to induce the peripersonal space expansion. But, as noted in previous studies, it is possible that the visual continuity from the hand toward the manipulated region of space represents the key feature in modulating peripersonal space expansion. The results confirm the hypothesis that the essential feature in order to induce peripersonal space expansion is represented by the active manipulation of the observed region of space.
The studies reported in the present study explored several issues relating to the understanding of the perception of the surrounding space and its implications on the attentional processes related. In the fourth chapter the results are discussed and evaluated.


Nowadays,the existence of valuing five aspacts and slighting other five aspacts about the mode of cultivating creative person in college of science and engineering does not conduce to develop creative person. To construct the mode of cultivating creative person,we should take measures from"broadening the basis","teaching according to students'aptitude","elastic appraisal","cultivating by practice"and so on.


FIELD: polymer materials. SUBSTANCE: composition contains 10 to 95% of (i) at least one homogeneously branched substantionally linear interpolymer of ethylene with an alpha-olefin characterized by density 0.88-0.935 g, molecular weight distribution 1.8 to 2.8, melting index 0.001 to 10 g/10 min, single melting peak (measured by differential scanning calorimetry technique), lack of linear polymer fraction, strain hardening curve slope factor 1.3 to 10, and (ii) 5 to 90% of at least one heterogeneously branched ethylene-based polymer with density 0.91-0.965 g/cu.cm. EFFECT: improved physical and mechanical strength. 14 cl, 3 tbl, 8 ex


The crystallization behaviour of the metallic glass Cu 73.9 Ni 9.2 Sn 3.5 P 13.4 has been investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and x-ray diffraction(XRD). Three exothermic peaks occur at 216, 295 and 365 o C


This paper studies the market risk policy and the current monetary and banking regime in France. The author has analyzed the role of inflation and other components of changing business cycle with respect to the government policies and market behaviour. The study allows us to evaluate how the different nature of the French monetary policies before 1999 as well as the convergence process towards the single currency have affected the role of inflation in the pricing of financial assets. The implementation of regulatory definitions in accordance with the Basel Accord (International Convergence of Capital Measurement and Capital Standard), are also discussed in the paper. The author has concluded his research by highlighting the current market sentiments of the credit risk policy of the banks in France.


The Law No. 12 year 2011 on the Establishment of Legislation stated that the regulation of district / city legislation is established by the Board of Representatives pf the District / City represented by a mutual consent Regent / Mayor. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative data collection through in-depth interviews, documentation and recording of information (from documents, records, books and regulations) as well as observations (through interviews and documentation). The data analysis technique used is the interactive data analysis Miles and Huberman. Based on the study results, the establishment of the Regional Regulation of the Indigenous Murung Kingdom affected by several factors, both being supporting and inhibiting factors. The supporting factors include the lack of support from the executive and legislative branches. While the limiting factor is not the enactment of the Draft Law on Indigenous People National inconsistency problem and miscoordination are some of the obstacles that arise in the preparation of a law, no unit of the regional organization (SOPD) that specifically take care of the indigenous in the area and lack of communication among stakeholders concerning indigenous issues. Article visualizations:


In this paper we look at mediatisation within the Roman Catholic Church. The article addresses the complex and diverse attitudes towards media in the church as an hierarchical organisation. Media-related, as well as other forms of communication were considered using the communicative figuration account in the qualitative analysis of the data. The analysis shows that the mediatisation amongst priests is generally low, although it increases in certain situations, such as within the committee structure of the organisation, to quite a high degree within lay groups. Our research suggests that there are opportunities for new participation in mediatisation, although the pace of innovation or datafication, for example, were not shown to be factors in this process.


A continuously variable hydrostatic transmission (10) having torque division for a vehicle comprises a first hydrostatic unit (H1) operating as a pump and a second hydrostatic unit (H2) operating as a motor, and further a planetary drive (12), a first shaft (W1) on the drive side and a summing means (W6). The power present at the first shaft (W1) is divided by way of the planetary drive (12) to a mechanical transmission branch (Z9, W2, Z1, Z2) and a hydraulic transmission branch (Z7, W3, Z4, Z5, Z6, H1, H2) formed by the two hydraulically coupled hydrostatic units (H1, H2) and is combined again at the summing means (W6). In such a transmission, a compact and simplified design and great flexibility in application are achieved in that the power transmission between the first shaft (W1) and summing means (W6) can be controlled exclusively by varying the displacements of the hydrostatic units (H1, H2).


© 2017 Indian Journal of Dental Research | Published by Wolters Kluwer Medknow The prevalence of oral diseases, particularly that of dental caries and periodontium, and the burden posed by them is well documented and updated.[1] Oral cavity no longer remains outside systematic health. Oral health is an integral part of systemic health. Conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, obesity, maternal and child health are some of the systemic conditions that are heavily influenced by the oral cavity conditions.[2] Although the combined prevalence of dental caries of permanent dentition, deciduous dentition, and periodontal disorders pose a significant problem, they contribute negligibly to disability‐adjusted life years, years of life lost, and years lived with disability.[1] Globally, this renders the oral disorders to be a negligible burden, yet their association and influence over noncommunicable disorders cannot be overlooked.


The freezing patterns of commercial frozen foods were characterized by using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) relaxometry and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The liquid-like components like unfrozen water were investigated as a function of temperature (10 to -40℃) and then compared with the unfrozen water content measured by DSC. The formation of ice crystals and the reduction of water in the foods during freezing were readily observed as a loss of the NMR signal intensity. The proton NMR relaxation measurement showed that the decreasing pattern of the liquid-like components varied depending on the samples even though they exhibited the same onset temperature of ice formation at around 0℃ When compared with the unfrozen water content obtained by the DSC, the NMR and DSC results could be closely correlated at the temperature above -20℃. However, the distinct divergence in the values between 2 methods was observed with further decreasing temperatures probably due to the solid glass formation which was not detected by DSC.


Owing to the completeness of concept lattice, construction efficiency is always a bottleneck restricting its next application. Starting with construction of concept lattice, the paper puts forward the idea of synonymous concept lattice. Applying the character of synonymous concept lattice, the paper promotes an algorithm that is vertical union of synonymous concept lattice (VUSCL Algorithm).The test results show that with the nodes increasing, the algorithm makes better improvement in time complexity than the other vertical union algorithm found in related literature.


In this paper, cold-adapted microorganism x1005 and x1213 that have higher biological activity and metabolize ability of organic pollutants were isolated from activated sludge in winter by microbiology technique. On the base of it, the metabolize ability of x1005 and x1213 on piggery wastewater by UASB were tested in low temperature sewage. The results showed that the highest COD removal rate of x1005 and x1213 was 72.5% and 67.1%, respectively. The BOD removal rate of x1005和x1213 could reach to 56.7% and 49.3%. The SS removal rate of x1005 and x1213 was 5.1% and 3.2%.


For a hyponormal operator T with the property that the boundary of the essential spectrum is of planar Lebesgue measure zero, it is proved that the operator algebra AlgLat(T') generated by the invariant subspace lattice of T is commutative. If in addition T is a pure hyponormal operator, then AlgLat(7') is shown to be contained in the bicommutant of T. These are particular cases of more general results obtained for restrictions and quotients of operators decomposable in the sense of Foia§. An operator T e L(H) on a complex Hilbert space is called reflexive if the operator algebra AlgLat(F) generated by the invariant subspace lattice of T is as small as it can be, namely, coincides with the closure of the algebra of all polynomials in T with respect to the weak operator topology. In (16) Sarason proved that normal operators and analytic Toeplitz operators are reflexive. In (7) Deddens was able to show that all isometries are reflexive. Using the Scott Brown technique Olin and Thomson (15) proved that, more general, all sub- normal operators are reflexive. In 1987 Scott Brown (3) applied his methods to prove invariant subspace results for hyponormal operators. In (4) Chevreau, Exner, and Pearcy formulated the conjecture that all hyponormal operators are reflexive. As a modest step in this direction we shall show that for each hyponormal op- erator T e L(H), for which the boundary of the essential spectrum has planar Lebesgue measure zero, the algebra AlgLat(F) is commutative. If, in addition, T is pure, i.e., has no nontrivial normal reducing parts, then AlgLat(F) is shown to be contained in the bicommutant of T. 1. Fredholm theory Let us denote by Y and Z complex Banach spaces that are dual to each other in the sense that either Z = Y' or Y = Z'. We fix continuous linear operators A e L(Y), Be L(Z) with


Richard Sakwa. The Crisis of Russian Democracy: The Dual State, Factionalism and the Medvedev Succession. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011. xviii, 398 pp. Index. $34.99, paper.Richard Sakwa's close examination of recent Russian political history leading up to the presidential succession from Vladimir Putin to Dmitrii Medvedev offers a wealth of detail underpinning his interpretation of the post-Soviet Russian state: that it reflects a constant struggle between the formal constitutional order and the "para-political" play of factional interests and informal rules. In contrast to views of Russian politics dismissing party competition, electoral participation, legislative policy-making and judicial rule enforcement as a facade behind which the real political game is played, Sakwa illuminates the mutual dependence of the formal and the informal sides of the system-the authorities' stake in generating order and consent through adherence to formal constitutional rules, while manipulating them for political advantage. This portrayal of the contemporary Russian system thus resembles earlier generations' studies of Soviet politics that emphasized the co- existence of a ritualistic and rigid adherence to CPSU and constitutional rules with a continuous, high-stakes behind-the-scenes competition for power on the part of loosely defined, fluidly organized factions, interest groups, regional establishments, and personal followings. Just as Sovietologists proposed various concepts of power to account for the paradox of an ostensibly centralized political order fostering intense but non-public power competition, so Sakwa relates this duality to major contemporary policy debates (for instance, whether to pursue a liberal, market-oriented economic reform agenda or to strengthen state ownership and control over major economic assets) and, particularly, to the 2007-2008 election cycle. This cycle, after all, had to resolve a question of existential importance for the country: would Putin leave office, and, if so, who would succeed him? Sakwa argues, persuasively, that it is at points of succession when the tension between the formal and informal sides of the polity bursts out into the open most dangerously.Sakwa emphasizes, rightly, the gravity of the leadership succession problem. It is at these points in post-Soviet states when "coloured revolutions" threaten to break out; succession struggles were a point of instability and uncertainty in the Soviet system as well, because of the weakness of institutional rules for managing the transition of power from one general secretary to another. …


HOUSTON–The monitoring of induced microseismicity during the hydraulic stimulation of unconventional resource wells has become critical to understanding the complex interaction of forces at play during fracture operations. Traditional acquisition techniques using either downhole or surface-located geophone arrays have proven cost effective when used on a limited number of wells in a development area, but they cannot be economically utilized for high-density, front-loaded monitoring in a focused development area where hundreds of wells are drilled over a number of years. Recent work in the Haynesville gas shale play of northern Louisiana and eastern Texas shows that it is commercially and technically feasible to perform highresolution microseismic monitoring over areas of more than 25 square miles using a single sparse array of geophones buried to relatively shallow depths. These successes were made possible by ongoing advances in the beam forming technology used to process the data. One such beam forming technique was developed for use with surface acquisition arrays, and has been adapted for use with the sparse near-surface arrays. Using a near-surface array and beam-forming processing allows the operator to rapidly develop the optimum completions strategy for the local geological conditions, and apply this knowledge early in the development cycle to maximize hydrocarbon recovery and minimize completions cost. The primary commercial driver for installing near-surface arrays currently is to optimize the completion of wells across a large area early in the development cycle. However, operators also are interested in using the arrays to investigate if depletion of an ultralow-permeability gas shale generates enough microseismicity to directly map individual well drainage areas and identify large fault/fracture systems that form pressure conduits over large distances. Early development of microseismic monitoring focused on mapping geothermal resources to help locate wells in the highest-quality portions of the reservoir. Further research and development over the past decade, focused initially in the Barnett Shale, developed tools for mapping frac-induced microseismic activity. The observed frac patterns allowed the determination of several key geological attributes that must be understood to optimize unconventional resource development. Microseismic monitoring is now a valued tool for understanding local insitu stresses, natural fracture properties, mechanical rock properties, and a host of other important geological, geomechanical and engineering factors.


' In a semilattice two necessary and sufficient conditions for the interval topology to be compact are established. One is in terms of the fixed point property for increasing functions on the semilattice, and the other is in terms of completeness of the semilattice. Several years ago L. E. Ward, Jr. stated a characterization of the fixed point property for increasing functions on semilattices [5]. Subsequently the authors of the present paper detected a flaw in the argument. Since the theorem is of some importance [2] and has not been independently subsumed in the literature, it seems desirable to publish a corrected and improved version of the theorem. Let (X, ) are semilattices, then (X, <) is a lattice. A subset C of X is a chain if and only if any two elements of C are comparable under <. A semilattice (X, <) is complete if and only if the infimum of each nonempty subset A of X exists; the infimum will be denoted by A A. The supremum of A, when it exists, will be denoted by VA. We say that (X, <) is closed above if and only if every nonempty chain in X has a supremum. The interval topology for (X, <) is that topology generated by taking all of the sets L(x) and M(x) for x E X as a subbasis for the closed sets. A function f: X--X is increasing if and only if x < y Received by the editors August 15, 1973. AMS (MOS) subject classificatlions ( 1970). Primary 54FO5.


This paper deals with the three dimensional analysis of the stress distribution in a long circular cylinder containing an elliptical crack. The surface of the crack is perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder and is subjected to a constant pressure. The equations of the classical theory of elasticity are solved in terms of an unknown function which is then shown to be the solution of an integro‐differential equation. Numerical solution of the integro‐differential equation is obtained. The resultant stress intensity magnification factors for the elliptical crack in the cylinder are presented in graphical forms for various crack aspect ratios and proximity ratios.


The present invention discloses a method of preparing an aircraft tire and the bead durability, a hard film comprising outer chafer inner chafer, bead, the bead toe, the rim, the bead is a bead the upper ring at the contact with the rim. Characterized in that the bead is provided chafer layers (i.e., the outer and inner chafer chafer), the outer layer of the tire bead portion and the inner chafer chafer of is provided to a thickness of between 0.6mm ~ 1.2mm and has excellent abrasion resistance hard film, the inner chafer extend only to the toe, the entire outer chafer of the bead wrapping fabric will stay. By increasing the number of layers and the chafer in the bead portion of the outer ring bead pack provided a hard film having excellent wear resistance and an inner layer between the fabric chafer, bead portion to increase the thickness of the protective layer, to improve the the durability of the bead.


We searched for Ozark hellbenders. Cryprohrallchlls lJishopi, from 17 March 1992 [0 10 November 1992, in four major river drainages within ItS presumed range in AI'kansas. Twelve sites were visited al leasl once; scuba gear was donned on all occasions Three new localities in the Eleven Point River (Randolph County) were discovered. Anthropogenic causes are suspected in the decline of this species from optimal habitats, Introduction (Peterson, 1985), food habits (Peterson et al , 1989a). fccunul ty and !'eproducti,ye biology (lngersol et ai., 1991. Topping The Ozark hellbender, Cryplohranchus bishopi (Figure I), ,Inu Ingersol. 1981), winter hreeding (Peterson et 31. I089b), is a large. long-lived. aquatic salamander endemic to lhe Ozark nests and nest site seleClion (Nickerson and Tol1ulka. 1(86), Mountains of southern Missouri and nonhern Arkansas release of captive animals (Nickerson, 1980). :lnd current (Conant and Collins, 1991; Dundee, 1971). Dundee (1971) management needs (Williams et ai, 1981) A new Arkansas ind icated on his distrihutional map the presence of C. bishopi county record. reported by Trauth et al. (1992a), IS disclIssed along the Arkansas-Missouri border in Arkansas, but gave no in the present study. menlion of any specific localities other than the Spring River. Prior to impoundment of the White River, the distribulion of Recent purported declines in amphibian populations world this species (formerly C. allegolllensis bishopi; see Collins. wide have prompted an increased awareness and concern 1991) in Arkansas undoubtedly included most or all of the regarding population trends in native United States species (see North Fork of the White River in Baxter County. BOlh the Pechmann et aI., 1991; Dunson el al.. 1992). Williams et al. Spring and Black River drainages in Fulton. Randolph, anu (1981) reported that hellbender populations in lhe United Sharp counties should also harbor lhe salamander (Dundee, States had undergone sharp population declines throughout its 1971; Nickerson and Mays, 1973b) Prior to our field work range, although they also stated thaI large populations of C. wh ich began in 1991, the only documented populalions of C. biIhopi were still presenl in the Spring River in Arkansas. bishopi in Arkansas thaI we found in a cursory review of the Pcterson ([985) confirmed the presence of these large aggre literature are those that occur in the upper reaches of the gates while performing a mark and recaplure study on two Spring River (Dundee and Dundee, 1965; Nickerson and populations in the Spring River from 1980 to 1982; he cap Mays, 1973a & b; Peterson, 1985). tured and tagged 370 animals. However, in recent years, reported sightings of C. lJishopi in the Spring River have Trauth et a!. (1992b) provided a summary of the published decreased dramatically. In fact, we could find only 20 hell information regarding Ozark hellbenders; these include the benders in the Spring River during our study in 1991 (Trauth earliest ecological studies (Dunuee and Dundee, 1965; Nicker et aI., 1992b) son and Mays, 1973a), a comparalive demographic analysis Our objectives in the present study were to investigate a variety of optimal habitats within the presumed range of C. hishopi in Arkansas, assess the habital use, and identify possi bl.e factors affecting the welfare of lhis species. Materials and Methods Between 17 March 1992 and 10 November 1992, we visit ed potential collection sites for C. hishopi within its presumed range in Arkansas. Scuba diving gear was worn at each site. and individual dives (normally two divers) usually lasted one " .... a,., hour. Optimal habital situations (rocky rimes, s11Oa15. and , '\ tails) were Investigated during daylight hours. The standard " ~ / . l method of searching lhe habilat was overturning rocks and logs 01' reaching beneath large rocks. The captured salamanders Figure I, Aduil Ozark hellbender, CryplohrunchuJ blshopl. from the were permanently marked (see Figure I) witll a Flo}' tag in a Sprillg River (Dam Sire #J), Arkansas. Iderllificarion tag IS allached throllgh dorsal fin of rail. method similar to that of Nickerson and Mays (1973h). except


Studies were carried out for the pollen tube growth, failure of pollen tubes to effect fertilization and post-fertilization ovule abortion to hybridize Indian tetraploid (2n = 32) Medicago sativa L. cultivar RL 88 with diploid (2n=30) exotic annual shield medics/snail medic genotypes Medicago scutellata L. (Mill.), for the transfer of stem weevil resistance. Pollen fertility of M. scutellata was found to be 89%. In the selfing study of M. scutellata, the pollen grain germinated and reached ovule by 28 hours after pollination (HAP). In cultivar RL 88, the pollen grains reached ovule by 48 HAP after selfing. However, very few pollen grains reached the ovule upon selfing even after 5 days after pollination (DAP). In M. sativa x M. scutellata crosses, the growth of the pollen grains on the stigma and stylar tissues were very slow, during the study period. However, it was observed that after 96 HAP to 120 HAP, hardly few pollen grains reached ovule in the interspecific crosses in M. sativa x M. scutellata, with many callose plugs resulting in putative hybrid embryos. Out of 1287 florets attempted for interspecific crosses between RL 88 x M. scutellata (EC 541685), only five normal appearing pods developed till maturity and containing one seed each. Reciprocal crosses involving M. scutellata as female parent did not yielded any capsule set. Obvious indicators of fertilization as well as the initiation of the embryonic growth in M. sativa are the persistence of the flower on the raceme and increase in the diameter of the ovary. However, the putative hybrids need further confirmation with cytological and molecular studies. Our results demonstrate that interspecific hybrid plants with M. sativa x M. scutellata can be successfully obtained by adapting to suitable tissue culture-based breeding methodologies and embryo rescue.


SummaryGuanoxan is a new hypotensive agent with various pharmacological properties of which the blockade of adrenergic transmission in postganglionar neurones appears to be the most important. Fifty-two patients with serious diastolic hypertension were included in the trial. With an average daily dose of 40 mg a good or moderate hypotensive response was obtained in 75 % of 16 patients with an initial diastolic blood pressure exceeding 140 mm Hg and in 98 % of 28 patients with an initial diastolic pressure between 120- 140 mm Hg.


Let a ⊕ b = max(a, b), a ⊗ b = a + b for a, b ∈ R := R ∪ {−∞}. By max-algebra we understand the analogue of linear algebra developed for the pair of operations (⊕, ⊗) extended to matrices and vectors. Max-algebra, which has been studied for more than 40 years, is an attractive way of describing a class of nonlinear problems appearing for instance in machine-scheduling, information technology and discrete-event dynamic systems. This paper fo-cuses on presenting a number of links between basic max-algebraic problems like systems of linear equations, eigenvalue-eigenvector problem, linear independence , regularity and characteristic polynomial on one hand and combi-natorial or combinatorial optimization problems on the other hand. This indicates that max-algebra may be regarded as a linear-algebraic encoding of a class of combinatorial problems. The paper is intended for wider readership including researchers not familiar with max-algebra.


We present a point value characterization for elements of the elementary full Colombeau algebra G^e and the diffeomorphism invariant full Colombeau algebra G^d. Moreover, several results from the special algebra G^s about generalized numbers and invertibility are extended to the elementary full algebra.


Subjects read eight short editorials which either made their arguments nonironically or in which one or two "Critical Sentences" made sense only if interpreted as ironic. On a subsequent recognition memory test, using as probes "Old" sentences and "New" sentences obtained by independently manipulating syntactic form, semantic content, and the direct‐ironic "polarity," subjects' memory for polarity information was found to be far better than that for syntax and not significantly different from that for semantic content. Although this suggests that the presence of irony is treated by the reader as a meaningful aspect of the editorials, preliminary attempts to identify some meaning for irony proved unsuccessful.


This paper is a re-publication of John Winberry's 1983 seminal article on the Confederate monument in the American South. Winberry described the historical geography of the Confederate monument by type, location, and time of establishment, and he concentrated specifically on the place of courthouse monuments within the southern landscape. He also provided a discussion of the social and historical forces that gave rise to the courthouse Confederate monument and the multiple ways of understanding its meaning and power as a symbol.


Documents,data and other materials are adopted to research the development of sports culture.Only after people forming the need with social meaning, a healthy life style,a view of whole-life education,the sports culture can activate the social development.With the development of technology and material civilization,sports culture would be an inseparable part of human daily life.


There is a common point of view in Egyptology that Memphis was a state capital since the earliest times and that its protecting gods were Ptah and his spouse Sekhmet. Arguing this concept, the author tries to find the reason why a pyramid city of Pepi I — Mennefer — became a core of the future capital. The main conclusion is following: Constructing his pyramid complex, Pepi I probably included into it a cult center of Habes where Bastet and Imhotep, a high priest of Ra, were worshiped. Imhotep, a companion of the king Djoser, was known as a priest and charmer who tamed the fiery forces of Sirius associated with Bastet, after which the great drought was over. To commemorate this, New Year celebration and the first sun calendar were established. Imhotep's tomb became an important cult place, where ceremonies important for surviving of the Egyptian state were conducted. In the second half of the Old Kingdom period the Nile started to flood much less, which led to the decline of agriculture. Thus, the role of the cult center of Habes and Imhotep grew greatly. By including Habes, Pepi protected the dominion of his pyramid city from negative influence of Bastet and decreased flooding. The fact that Mennefer was a successor of the aforementioned cult center determined its capital functions in future.


Desertification is a major human tragedy, affecting the daily lives of about 1 billion people. It is this aspect of desertification that deserves further consideration. As a humanitarian effort it is an opportunity, and an obligation, for the industrialized nations to transfer financial support and technical assistance to those countries worst affected by land degradation in all its forms. Desertification is a key component of global environmental change but knowledge of its extent and links with global climate change is poor. Studies of both phenomena are hindered by difficulties in separating long-term trends from short-term variations. Greater convergence between research in the two fields would improve understanding of vegetation degradation, soil degradation, land surface-atmosphere interactions and the social dimension of global environmental change. It is also indispensable for effective global climate change mitigation. While the need to realize synergies between the three "Rio conventions" on climate change, biodiversity and desertification is recognized, progress has been slow, both bilaterally (between conventions) and multilaterally (through the Global Environment Facility). One reason for this is lack of scientific knowledge of the linkages between them, yet slow institutional convergence is hindering research convergence that would help to fill this gap. The most pragmatic solution to this problem seems to be to give desertification a higher profile within the IPCC. These issues are explored through a series of 10 Propositions. Keywords: land, research convergence, institutional cooperation, science policy 1 The convention to combat desertification Proposition 1. The Convention to Combat Desertification (CCD) (1) was designed to facilitate participation of the population and take measures of real importance at the grass roots level. More than 1 billion people live in the world's drylands that occur on most continents (Squires, 2002). Many live under poor conditions on land badly affected by desertification. The CCD is aimed at focussing the world's interest on this situation. Various measures are needed to improve the land productivity and enhance human livelihoods. The mechanism for all this would be the national action programs of each country (the strategic plan) and the national desertification funds (the financing). Financial support and technical assistance from the international community also have a role to play. The CCD has yet to prove its full potential, but it is an essential part in the framework of legally- binding documents aimed at giving substance to the notion of sustainable development together with the sister Conventions on the ozone layer, on climate change and on biological diversity (UNCED, 1992). Proposition 2 Desertification is a product of complex interactions between the social and economic systems (disease, poverty, hunger and an unreliable economy) and natural factors (drought, water erosion, soil salinization, degradation and loss of vegetation cover).


Background
Few studies have examined risk for severe symptoms during early cancer survivorship. Using baseline data from the American Cancer Society's Study of Cancer Survivors-I, we examined cancer survivors with high symptom burden, identified risk factors associated with high symptom burden, and evaluated the impact of high symptom burden on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) 1 year post-diagnosis.


With the acceleration of urbanization,housing will inevitably lead to the consumption of resources and thus affecting environment.The use of eco-construction techniques for residential construction is an effective measure to improve the situation.From a technical point of ecology,the environment of residential buildings,energy efficiency,materials use,afforestation,use of solar energy and reduction of pollution are discussed in this paper.


This exploratory study examines the importance of firm‐supply chain relationships for tourism development. Based upon prior observations, two firms seeking to boost their tourism offerings and operating in a popular Vietnamese tourist destination were selected. Semi‐structured face‐to‐face and online interviews were conducted and complemented by on‐site visits, and firm information. Various salient dimensions emerged from the data analysis. The 'performance catalyst' and 'detectable value adding' dimensions underscore the supply chain's benefits, while the 'discerning relations' dimension highlights deeper relationships through mutual support, building trust, or demonstrating care. Conceptually, the study proposes a framework with associated theoretical and practical implications.


The research was designed to examine the effects of mood on personal evaluations of success and failure. Forty-eight male undergraduate students were assigned randomly to one of four experimental conditions. Elation subjects read fifty self-referent mood statements which were cheerful, lively, and expansive in content. Depression subjects read fiftv self-referent mood statements of an unhappy, pessimistic nature. Neutral subjects read fifty affectively neutral statements; these subjects formed one of the two control groups. The other control croup, which read no statements, was included because previous research with the mood statements suggested that there might: be an affective response to the neutral statements which made them unsuitable as a control arouo. v 4Elation, depression, and neutral subjects were then given a standard mood adjective check" list which included separate scales for scoring depression, anxiety and hostility; the no statements sub iects began the experiment with this check list An angle-matching -cask followed and upon completion of this subjects were asked to evaluate their performance and predict their performance on another i similar task . It was predicted that after reading the statements, elation subjects would report less depression, hostility-, end anxiety than subjects' in control groups, and these subjects would report less depression; hostility, and anxiety than deoression subjects. It was predicted that these differences in affective state would lead to higher estimates of performance and predictions of future success by the elation subjects than those given by the control groups and higher estimates by the control group subjects than those given by the depression subjects. There were other variables in the design for which no specific predictions were made: reaction time, signature size, willingness, and perceived competence. Elation subjects reported less depression and anxiety than other subjects, and elation subjects reported less hostility than no statements subjects. There were no other sianificant results on self-reported mood. There were no significant differences in estimates of performance or predictions of future success. The exploratory measures produced no significant findings. A discussion of the results and their implications is included.


Multivariable variable structure systems in the sliding mode are studies using a geometric approach. The properties of system order reduction and disturbance rejection are proved using projector theory. New design methods for the choice of switching hyperplanes are derived for the closed-loop eigenvalue/eigenvector assignment problem.


Cargo led the way in deregulating the U.S. aviation industry, and proponents of more liberalized international trade have argued for lifting import restrictions on cargo as a precursor for freer passenger movement across borders. However, resistance from airlines and nations worried about their sovereignty is slowing the process. WTO/GATS talks are trying to address the issue.


Abstract During the spring of 2020, the COVID-19 epidemic caused an unprecedented demand for intensive care resources in Lombardy, Italy. Using data on 43,538 hospitalized patients admitted between February 21 and July 12, 2020, we evaluated variations in intensive care unit (ICU) admissions and mortality over three periods: the early phase (February 20-March 13), the period of highest pressure on healthcare (March 14-April 25, when COVID-19 patients exceeded the ICU pre-pandemic bed capacity), and the declining phase (April 26-July 12). Compared to the early phase, patients above 70 years of age were admitted less often to an ICU during highest pressure on healthcare (odds ratio OR 0.47, 95%CI: 0.41-0.54) with longer delays (incidence rate ratio IRR 1.82, 95%CI: 1.52-2.18), and lower chances of death in ICU (OR 0.47, 95%CI: 0.34-0.64). Patients under 56 years of age reported more limited changes in the probability (OR 0.65, 95%CI: 0.56-0.76) and delay to ICU admission (IRR 1.16, 95%CI: 0.95-1.42) and an increased mortality (OR 1.43, 95%CI: 1.00-2.07). In the declining phase, all quantities decreased for all age groups. These patterns may suggest that limited healthcare resources during the peak epidemic phase in Lombardy forced a shift in ICU admission criteria to prioritize patients with higher chances of survival.


Since a few years ago, travelling was often a dramatic experience for tourists with disabilities. Services and devices necessary to guarantee a comfortable journey usually were not made available neither by public touristic operators nor by private ones. More things must be done in the future to improve the services and devices , but the tourism concept idea has already evolved in the last ten years. The focus is now on the wellbeing of people. The first quality standard is the respect of the personal needs and the easy way to have access to all the facilities, the information and the services. In the article a proposal of accessible tourism for deaf people will be presented. Up to now, to enjoy a cultural visit, a deaf tourist usually must have to contact a specialized guide - not always available - who knows the sign language. The intent is to offer the possibility to have always access to touristic and cultural contents in a direct and complete way. We will present the first linguistic studies about sign language and its most important peculiarities. We will discuss the difference between interpretation and translation in sign language and it will presented the translation experience from Italian to Italian Sign Language (LIS) of a Venice touristic guide, that evolved in an academic spin-off project (VEASYT srl, www.veasyt.com).


In this paper, an analysis for consumer perception of the level of electricity price, the amount of household electricity consumption and consumer perception on dynamic electricity pricing system in South Korea are investigated. A survey was conducted between July 24 and August 17, 2015 and then for the preference analysis, Binary Logistic Model is applied for the acceptance, Ordered Probit Model is applied. The major findings say that the less they have monthly income, the more satisfied dynamic pricing. In dynamic electricity tariff, real time pricing is most preferred dynamic pricing system and it reaches about 40% of respondents.


Over fifty years ago Virginia Woolf lamented women's virtual exclusion from the historical record.1 Things have changed. Karen Offen, Ruth Roach Pierson, and Jane Rendall have assembled a particularly fine group of essays that iUuminate the vitality and development of women's history over the past few decades. Most of the essays were commissioned for a Bellagio conference in 1989 and individually testify to women historians' desire to achieve a "room of their own". But this enterprise represents much more. Sponsored by the International Federation for Research in Women's History/FA©dA©ration Internationale pour la Recherche de l'Histoire des Femmes, Writing Women's History is a very welcome first step in the Federation's goal to "encourage and co-ordinate research in all aspects of women's history at the international level" through publications and conferences. The essays present valuable historiographie and bibliographic information on twenty-two countries as well as a preliminary bibliography of mainly English works on the former Soviet Union and Central/East Europe.2 The countries represented are overwhelmingly European, but indude a few non-western countries: Nigeria, India, Japan and Brazil. Despite the deddedly western perspective of most of these essays, their collective presentation is an invitation for all scholars to refled on the nature of the debates within our disdpline. More importantly, perhaps, they begin to provide the knowledge that may enable us to build bridges between our unfortunately still separate rooms. Many common themes emerge in the different essays that the editors highlight in their useful introduction. In virtually all of these countries the development of women's history came in conjunction with a national women's movement in the past two decades.3 In general also, it devdoped in an occasionally uneasy relationship with social history. Not surprisingly, then, historians of women have written on relativdy similar topics across the world. The first research projects tended to concentrate on the modem period, seeking the historical origins of the contemporary women's movement. Depending on national contexts, historians explored the development of women's organizations, the growth of the ferninist and suffrage


The round complexity of verifiable secret sharing (VSS) schemes has been studied extensively for threshold adversaries. In particular, Fitzi et al. showed an efficient 3-round VSS for n ≥ 3t+1 [4], where an infinitely powerful adversary can corrupt t (or less) parties out of n parties. This paper shows that for non-threshold adversaries, 1. Two round VSS is possible iff the underlying adversary structure satisfies Q condition; 2. Three round VSS is possible iff the underlying adversary structure satisfies Q condition. Further as a special case of our three round protocol, we can obtain a more efficient 3-round VSS than the VSS of Fitzi et al. for n = 3t+ 1. More precisely, the communication complexity of the reconstruction phase is reduced from O(n) to O(n). We finally point out a flaw in the reconstruction phase of VSS of Fitzi et al., and show how to fix it.


One of the most important measures for detecting molecular adaptations between species/lineages at the gene level is the comparison of relative fixation rates of synonymous (dS) and non-synonymous (dN) mutations. This study shows that the branch model is sensitive to tree topology and proposes an alternative approach, devogs, which does not require phylogenetic topology for analysis. We compared devogs with a branch model method using virtual data and a varying ω ratio, in which parameters were obtained from real data. The positive predictive value, sensitivity, and specificity of the branch model were affected by the phylogenic tree topology. Devogs showed greater positive predictive value, whereas the branch model method had greater sensitivity. In a working example using devogs, a group of human RNA polymerase II-related genes, which are important in mediating alternative splicing, were significantly accelerated compared to four other mammals.


Purpose To analyze the temporal trend of leisure screen time among adults in Brazil between 2016 and 2021. Design Time-series analysis of six cross-sectional surveys. Setting Data from the Surveillance System for Risk and Protective Factors for Chronic Diseases by Telephone Survey (Vigitel) (2016/21). Subjects A probabilistic sample of 265 252 adults (≥18 years). Measures Time watching television (TV), or using cell phone, computer, or tablet (CCT) during leisure time, and indicators of prolonged exposure for the total population and sociodemographic groups. Analysis Prais-Winsten regression models were used to identify trends in the studied period. Results Mean time watching TV remained stable (2.3 h to 2.2 h/day) as the frequency of adults watching TV ≥ 3 hours/day (25.7% to 25.1%) for 2016/21. There was an increase in mean time spent on CCT (1.7 h to 2.0 h/day; .08 h/day/year; P < .001) and in the frequency of adults spending ≥ 3 hours/day on CCT (19.9% to 25.5%; 1.33 pp/year; P < .001) for 2016/21. The increase in screen time was relevant in all sociodemographic groups. Conclusion Leisure screen time has increased in Brazil, with greater intensity over time.


Extensive collections of Strychrws f rom the State of Espir i to Santo, Brazil, recently became available to us. We have also been able to examine several historical specimens deposited in the two European herbaria mentioned below. These collections extend our knowledge of certain species previously known to us f rom incomplete mater ia l or only f rom descriptions. Extensions of ranges are noted for a considerable number of species and one species, Strychnos Torresiana, is described as new. In our previous paper on Strychnos, in the absence of the type collections, Strychnos albiflora was placed under doubtful species (1, p. 321) and Strychnos glabra tentat ively under S. g~danensis (1, p. 296). They are now recognized by us as valid species. Likewise, S. marginata and S. brasiliensis var. rigida were p!aced in synonymy under S. brasiliensis (1, p. 318). Upon examination of the type collections, it is now obvious tha t they are best t reated in synonymy under S. parvi~olia. S. Solerederi, on the basis of the original description and a photograph of the type collection, was placed in our previous paper in synonymy under S. Mell/noniana (1, p. 304). I t is nov~ quite obvious tha t it belongs with S. Mitscherlichii. The species noted in this supplement are a r ranged in the same order, and the place of deposit of specimens is shown by the same abbr.eviations, as in our previous papers on S t rychnos (1 , 2, 3). The following addit ional abbreviations arc used : Br : J a rd in Botanique de l']~tat, Bruxelles K~: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew All the specimens f rom the State of Espir i to Santo, Brazil, cited in this supplement were sent to us on loan under t empora ry numbers ( " O V B I " etc.) f rom Museo Nacional, Rio de Janeiro. Their eventual place of deposit is unknown to us.


The laminar burning velocities and propagation speeds of stoichiometric n-butane-air mixture were obtained for outwardly propagating spherical flames by measurements of pressure rise during the early stage of propagation in a spherical vessel. The experiments were carried out at various initial pressures within 0.3 and 1.2 bar, and various initial temperatures within 298 and 423 K. The experimental laminar burning velocities were compared with those provided by the detailed kinetic modelling based on Warnatz mechanism for combustion of C1-C4 hydrocarbons, using INSFLA package. The baric and thermal coefficients of laminar burning velocities, calculated from their dependence on initial temperature and pressure, were compared with coefficients characteristic for other fuel-air mixtures. The overall activation parameters (reaction order and activation energy) are reported and discussed in comparison with similar data characteristic for alkane-air flames.

https://revistadechimie.ro/pdf/5 GIURCAN 4 19.pdf


Abstract An inquiry into a possible relationship between spontaneous abortion and premature labor has been made. It has been shown that in 21 of 25 cases of premature birth there were pathological lesions in the placental villi; in all these cases there was agglutinating substance in the maternal serum. Smaller amounts of this substance pass through the villous epithelium into the fetal circulation. The histological and serological patterns in prematurity and spontaneous abortion are almost identical; the difference is one of degree only. It is suggested that this difference is responsible for the end result in any given case.


The purpose of this paper is to consider the relationship between language and culture in the context of globalization as well as the factors that determine the features of cross-cultural communication in this context. Among a number of reasons that have led to the growth of cultural interactions, digitalization plays a special role as it has made possible to establish direct or mediated mass communication contacts of millions of people from different, sometimes even polar cultures. The analysis of the relationship between language and culture in the perspective of mutual influence and interdependence, revealing the relevant mechanism of cross-cultural communication, determines the analysis of interrelated aspects of globalization with an emphasis on the primacy of its linguistic and cultural components. The updated studies of the processes of linguistic and cultural globalization contribute to an adequate understanding of its specifics, the mechanisms of interaction between language and culture, and allows us to negotiate their positive significance in the formation of a modern linguistic and cultural picture of the world.


Abstract: The objective of effective supply chain management is the coordination of information, materials and financial flows between organisations. The recent trends of globalisation, consumer pressure for responsiveness and reliability, and intense competition in the global trading community have made effective supply chain management a very challenging issue. New information technologies are promising for optimising supply chain operations and solving many related issues. Indeed, supply chain management information systems have greatly benefited companies that use them, minimising information processing costs and raising great potentials like information sharing and fast communication that were not feasible before. RFID is an emerging technology that can further contribute to supply chain optimisation. RFID enables accurate real time product location information provision in high volumes and at very low (or even zero) labour costs. This chapter looks closely into the technology of RFID and the way it is employed in supply chain management and, particularly, in the food supply chain by describing two applications. The first describes the requirements' analysis, development and pilot implementation of a RFID-enabled traceability system for a company that deals with frozen food. The second describes a distributed, service-oriented architecture that supports RFID-integrated decision support and collaboration practices in a networked business environment. In the context of retail industry, a RFID-integrated 'dynamic pricing' service is described regarding its functionality and implementation. Several considerations from the cases are presented which could provide valuable feedback to other organisations interested in moving to a RFID-based scheme.


I entered dermatology by default, having previously flirted with cardiology (too competitive), psychiatry (I lacked the patience) and paediatrics (interviewing committee members didn't appreciate my finer qualities). My dermatology career began inauspiciously in 1962, when, as a medical registrar, I presented a patient with temporal arteritis to the section of dermatology of the Royal Society of Medicine. I don't think my presentation was very good, since unlike most of the other physicians, I read from a script. But I was impressed by some of the discussants who had a substantial knowledge of internal medicine as well as the skin, and of their ability to integrate the two, so I made dermatology my career. That it spanned a period encompassing dramatic advances in biomedical sciences applied to skin diseases, with increasing understanding of their pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment, has been my good fortune.


Before providing an accurate continental volume balance with altimetric series several problems must be addressed. ICESat suffers from low temporal sampling rate and a probable inter-campaign bias while Envisat radar altimeter cannot properly cover the steep coastal regions. We show that with the same data set, the discrepancies of the estimation of the volume change is several tens of cubic kilometers per years, depending of the method used to derive continental volume change from local measurements.


Objective To study the reliability of images of the acetabnlar anterior column fracture in the fluoro-navigatiou so that a reliable collection of images can be selected for the placement of screws in the operation. Methods Eight artificial pelvic models were used. Eighty K wires were drilled in a retrograde manner into the acetabular anterior columns one by one. For each K wire, 5 images were collected at 5 dif-ferent views. These images were grouped in 7 combinations to judge whether the K wire was in the hip joint or the pelvis. Group A: pelvic AP, inlet and outlet views; Group B: inlet, outlet and obturator oblique views;Group C: pelvic AP, inlet, outlet and obturator oblique views; Group D: pelvic AP, inlet, outlet and out-let-obturator oblique views; Group E: pelvic AP, inlet, obturator oblique and outlet-obturator oblique views;Group F: pelvic AP, outlet, obturator oblique and outlet-obturator oblique views; Group G: inlet, outlet, obturator oblique and outlet-obturator oblique views; The reliability was evaluated through comparison with the actual placement of the K wire. Results When comparison was made according to every single image, the coincidence of the outlet-obturator oblique view was 72.50% (Chi-Square Value = 18.286, P = 0.001).When comparison was made between groups A, B, C and D, the coincidence of the images in group D was 85.00% (Chi-Square Value = 17.891, P = 0.001), When comparison was made between groups C, D, E, F and G, the coincidence of the images in group D was 85.00% (Chi-Sqnare Value = 14. 553; P = 0.006).Conclusion The outlet-obturator oblique view and the collection of images (the AP view, inlet view, outlet view and outlet-obturator oblique view) are highly reliable.

Key words:
Surgery, computer-assisted;  Acetabnlum;  Fractures;  Tomography, X-ray com-puted;  Image


The vacuum brazing of graphite to copper was carried out by Ag-Cu-Ti brazing filler metal,and the microstructures and strength of the joints were also investigated by means of SEM,XRD and shearing test.The experimental results show that the bonding of graphite to copper can be performed by Ag-Cu-Ti filler metal in vacuum.The interfacial microstructure of the joint is graphite/TiC/Ag-Cu eutectic+Cu solid solution/Cu solid solution/copper.With increasing of the brazing temperature and holding time,TiC layer became thicker,but thickness of layer could not continuously increase.The maximum shear strength of the joint,which was brazed at 870℃ for 15 min in vacuum,was up to 17 MPa.The brazed specimens fractures occurred at the graphite near the interface between graphite and filler metal.


Anisotropic CdS-AgInS2 nanocrystals are directly grown into benzothiadiazole-based semiconducting polymer solution. Their nonlinear optical absorption and nonlinear scattering are investigated with 7-ns laser pulses of 532-nm wavelength for optical limiting applications. Optical limiting is found to be enhanced in the polymer-CdS-AgInS2 nanocomposites, as compared to pure polymer or CdS-AgInS2 nanocrystals. The observation is explained quantitatively using a numerical model which includes one-photon-induced excited state absorption, two-photon absorption, and nonlinear scattering. Presence of charge transfer in polymer-CdS-AgInS2 nanocomposites is found from zero-biased photoconduction experiments, which plays an important role in the enhancement of nonlinear optical properties. In addition, it is also demonstrated that these nanocomposite films can be utilized for photodetection with large and fast photoconductive responses.


1024x768 Triglycine sulphate (TGS), an important ferroelectric material has been widely used in the fabrication of high sensitivity infrared detectors at room temperature. Single crystals of KDP doped TGS was grown by slow evaporation method at room temperature in this study. The grown crystal was characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction studies, and ferroelectric studies. KDP doped TGS crystals were found to be highly transparent and full faced. The experimental results evidence the suitability of the grown crystal for optoelectronic applications. Keywords: Crystal growth; KDP-doped TGS; Ferroelectric studies © 2014 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v6i1.16584 J. Sci. Res. 6 (1), 1-9 (2014) Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE AR-SA


Mines with exceptionally low-strength roof (UCS <3,500 psi and CMRR <40) are much more likely to struggle with roof falls than other mines. Weak roof is a particular problem for many room and pillar mines in the Midwestern and Northern Appalachian coal basins. Traditional roof support techniques are often not up to the challenge at these operations. This paper focuses on two mines, one operating in the Upper Freeport seam and the other in the Herrin No. 6 seam. Together, the two mines had more than 300 roof falls during a recent 5 year period. Each has experimented with a variety of roof bolt types and lengths, and with different supplemental supports. Detailed statistical analysis was conducted to determine which support combinations have proven to be most effective. Geology, horizontal stress, and time are also important at both mines. Successful control techniques have included: • Identifying particularly troublesome lithologic roof units; • Installing longer and stronger roof bolts; • Installing supplemental support in intersections, and; • Limiting the duration that a panel remains open. The lessons learned from these mines, and others like them, could help improve ground control safety for the entire U.S. mining industry.


We develop a simple endogenous growth with two countries -North that innovatesand South. As in Dinopoulos and Segerstrom [1999], trade liberalization raises wage inequalities through stimulating R&D activity. However, the consequences of North-South trade become ambiguous when a service sector protected against international competition is included in the model. Changes in relative wages in North then depend on return to scale in R&D and the weight of services.


Background: Parenting programs are held to facilitate parent-child relationships and assist parents in preventing or addressing their children's difficulties. The aim of this preliminary study was to explore the processes and benefits of a group-based parent support intervention, run as a clinical service. Method: The intervention employed the format of a single-session group for parents, run at a well-being clinic in urban Bangalore. The sample included 123 parents, with a total of 50 sessions run over a period of 3.5 years. The sessions were observed and evaluated with regard to group discussions and processes. Immediate feedback was elicited and a 6-month telephonic follow-up was carried out with a subset of parents. Results: Problems discussed by parents in the groups included developmental, academic, behavioural or emotional problems of the child, in addition to parents' own problems. Observation of the processes indicated that parents took an active participatory role in group sessions. A majority of the parents reported the group session to be beneficial in understanding the nature of the child's problems. Conclusion: This study points to the value of a group-based parent support intervention in promoting parents' understanding of children and their problems. This paper outlines the results from a preliminary investigation of a group-based parent support intervention, which was run as a clinical service at a center in urban Bangalore.


In his new book Multicultural Citizenship, Will Kymlicka extends and reinterprets his case – first made in Liberalism, Community, and Culture – for the recognition of specific rights of cultural minorities on the basis of liberal principles. He convincingly argues that we need to find arguments for cultural rights within the framework of a "comprehensive theory of justice in a multicultural state" (6) and he provides the foundations as well as a discussion of the political practice and application of such a theory. More specifically, in the course of his argument he suggests a number of important distinctions between different cultural groups (national vs. ethnic) and the grounds for their different claims to recognition, the corresponding rights they can claim (self-government, "polyethnic," special representation), and the limits of these claims (external protection vs. internal restriction). These distinctions and the use Kymlicka makes of them are very illuminating and take the complex debate concerning the meaning of multicultural citizenship a decisive step further. In my remarks on Kymlicka's impressive enterprise, I want to focus on the question of whether the normative basis from which he proceeds is adequate for his attempt to provide a conception of justice for a multicultural society. It seems to me that the notion of personal autonomy which is the cornerstone of his distinctively liberal approach creates problems and internal tensions in his argument. Starting from this question, one can, I think, also shed some light on more specific points in Kymlicka's theory, such as his conception of toleration and his view of political integration. Let me begin by briefly indicating what I take to be the main normative characteristics of a conception of justice appropriate for a multicultural society. Obviously, such a conception should provide grounds from which to judge which claims to recognition, raised as claims to certain rights and resources, are justifiable among citizens of a multicultural state. Accordingly, the grounds on which this is to be decided have to be "not reasonable to reject" by the different cultural (ethnic or national) groups involved. The basic values and norms of such a multicultural "basic structure" – and the reasons for important political decisions – have to be equally acceptable to all citizens; thus no cultural group may simply generalize its own values and self-understandings and impose them on others. This does not mean that either the basic structure or the political language in general can be culturally "neutral" as a kind of moral Esperanto; rather, it means


This paper introduces a novel family of constrained adaptive filtering algorithms for sensor array beamforming. These algorithms, namely, constrained least mean logarithmic square (CLMLS), <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\ell _{1}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-norm CLMLS (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\ell _{1}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-CLMLS) and its weighted version <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\ell _{1}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-WCLMLS, are developed based on a relative logarithmic cost function. The proposed algorithms gracefully adjust cost function depending on the amount of the error thereby achieving better performance compared to constrained least mean square (CLMS) family of algorithms. The transient and steady-state performance analysis of the proposed CLMLS algorithm is presented and these analytical results are validated through extensive simulations. Proposed CLMLS algorithm is then extended to sparse system identification problem by incorporating the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\ell _{1}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-norm penalty into CLMLS cost function. We show that the resultant <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\ell _{1}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-CLMLS and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\ell _{1}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-WCLMLS algorithms outperform their CLMS counterparts in sparse system identification. When applied to sparse sensor array synthesis, these algorithms achieve desired beampattern with lesser number of sensor elements compared to state-of-the-art algorithms.


The utility model discloses a centralizing damping device of a tubular column. The centralizing damping device comprises an upper joint, wherein a rotary centralizing sleeve is sleeved on a middle mandrel of the upper joint; the diameter of the centralizing sleeve is larger than that of the upper joint; a plurality of eccentric rollers are arranged on the centralizing sleeve; the eccentric rollers are uniformly arranged on the circumference of the centralizing sleeve; the central line of each eccentric roller and the central axial line of the upper joint are vertical in the axial direction and are eccentrically arranged in the radial direction; each eccentric roller rotates around the central line. As the central lines of the eccentric rollers and the central axial line of the upper joint are vertical in the axial direction and are eccentrically arranged in the radial direction, the eccentric rollers on the centralizing sleeve contact the sleeve, and each eccentric roller point-contacts the sleeve, so that the friction is reduced.


This is a clear and well-written account of naval warfare. Focusing on contemporary practice, although with due attention to aspects of naval history and strategy, notably in the Anglo-American tra...


Ditopic bis(acylhydrazone) ligands, derived from the reactions of carbohydrazides with 2-phenylpyrimidine-4,6-dicarbaldehyde and designed for grid formation with octahedrally coordinating transition-metal ions, exhibit a varied coordination chemistry depending upon the degree of their deprotonation. The neutral acylhydrazones are relatively poor ligands and are seemingly involved in multiple, labile complexation equilibria varying with the solvent and the particular metal salt in solution; nevertheless, grid complexes of different forms can be isolated in the solid state. Although only limited study has been made of the singly deprotonated ligands, grid species appear to be much more readily isolated. With the doubly deprotonated ligands, grid formation is strongly favoured in both the solution and solid states. As a consequence, the grid structures form spontaneously in the presence of a base by self-assembly from their components without need to preform the ditopic ligands. Extensive structural studies have been carried out both to establish the grid structures and to analyse the nature of the supramolecular interactions possible for neutral and charged grid species. (© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007)


Background: Older patients with cancer are at a higher risk of invasive infections. Vaccination is an effective approach to decrease the mortality and morbidity associated with infections. Objectives: Our primary objective was to evaluate the proportion of older patients with cancer who had received routine vaccinations against pneumococcal, influenza, and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Our secondary objective was to identify the factors associated with vaccine uptake such as age, sex, education, marital status, comorbidities, and place of residence. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted in the geriatric oncology outpatient clinic of the Department of Medical Oncology at the Tata Memorial Hospital, a tertiary care cancer hospital in Mumbai, India, from February 2020 to January 2023. We included all patients aged ≥60 years who were evaluated in the geriatric oncology clinic during the study period and for whom the immunization details were available. The uptake of COVID-19 vaccine was calculated from March 2021 onwards, which was when the COVID-19 vaccine became available to patients aged ≥60 years in India. Results: We enrolled 1762 patients; 1342 (76.2%) were male. The mean age was 68.4 (SD, 5.8) years; 795 (45%) patients were from the west zone of India. Only 12 (0.68%) patients had received the pneumococcal vaccine, and 13 (0.7%) had received the influenza vaccine. At least one dose of the COVID-19 vaccine had been taken by 1302 of 1562 patients (83.3%). On univariate logistic regression, education, marital status, geographic zone of residence, and primary tumor site were correlated with the uptake of COVID-19 vaccine. Factors associated with a greater COVID-19 vaccine uptake included education (up to Std 10 and higher vs. less than Std 10: Odds Ratio [OR], 1.46; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07-1.99; P = 0.018, and illiterate vs. less than Std 10: OR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.50-0.99; P = 0.041), marital status (unmarried vs. married: OR, 0.27; 95% CI, 0.08-1.08; P = 0.046, and widow/widower vs. married: OR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.48-0.94; P = 0.017), lung and gastrointestinal vs. head-and-neck primary tumors (lung cancer vs. head-and-neck cancer: OR, 1.60; 95% CI, 1.02–2.47; P = 0.038, and gastrointestinal vs .head-and-neck cancer: OR, 2.18; 95% CI, 1.37-3.42; P < 0.001), and place of residence (west zone vs. central India: OR, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.13-0.75; P = 0.015). Conclusion: Fewer than 1 in 100 older Indian patients with cancer receive routine immunization with influenza and pneumococcal vaccines. Hearteningly, the uptake of COVID-19 vaccination in older Indian patients with cancer is over 80%, possibly due to the global recognition of its importance during the pandemic. Similar measures as those used to increase the uptake of COVID-19 vaccines during the pandemic may be beneficial to increase the uptake of routine vaccinations (Clinical Trials Registry, India: CTRI/2020/04/024675).


Precise control of heterotrimeric G protein signaling is essential for various physiological processes, including embryonic development, and failure in this process causes multiple diseases. We have previously identified new players in the activation cycle of heterotrimeric G proteins that bind and activate Gα subunits via an evolutionary conserved motif. More specifically, we have found that some non‐receptor proteins mimic the action of G Protein‐coupled receptors (GPCRs) by working as Guanine nucleotide Exchange Factors (GEFs). One of these proteins, namely DAPLE, is a previously described regulator of Wnt signaling that binds to a key adaptor of the Wnt signaling machinery, i.e., Dishevelled (Dvl). Despite the known pivotal role of Wnt signaling in early steps of the embryonic development, the role of DAPLE in this process is unknown. Using Xenopus laevis as a model organism, we observed that DAPLE regulates Wnt signaling during vertebrate development and that it does so through coupling to heterotrimeric G proteins. These findings provide in vivo evidence for the functionality of this group of non‐receptor GEFs characterized by a defined Gα binding and activating motif and delineate a novel molecular mechanism linking Wnt signaling and G proteins during vertebrate embryonic development.


IN order that the title of this paper shall convey the same meaning to all, a definition of diabetes mellitus is essential. For the purpose of this paper the definition of diabetes mellitus is: "A disease due to a progressive deterioration of the metabolism, primarily of that of carbohydrate and secondarily of that of protein and fat." This deterioration may progress steadily, sporadically or fulminatingly; it may be arrested or even reversed by medical treatment. The diagnosis of diabetes has been based upon symptoms such as thirst, polyuria, dry tongue, lack of energy, loss of weight accompanied by a hyperglycemia. I diagnose hyperglycasmic glycosuria in the absence of symptoms as diabetes mellitus only when there is conclusive evidence that the loss of power of storing sugar is progressive. I regard a patient as having made a complete recovery when he has eaten ordinary food for at least six months and has at no time developed glycosuria. Naturally, during this period he has not received any drug calculated to assist metabolism nor to delay absorption. If the patient happens to have a low renal threshold for dextrose, the fact that the concentration of sugar in his blood has not risen above 0 19% after the principal meals replaced the absence of glycosuria. Some of the cases have made only a partial recovery. I have assumed that the recovery is partial when the patient has been able to utilize a diet containing more carbohydrate than that which he received when he needed insulin. The diet must contain more than 90 grm. carbohydrate and at least 35 calories per kilogramme body weight per diem. There must have been a period of at least six months freedom from insulin. About eight years ago Sir Archibald Garrod asked me whether I had ever seen a case of undoubted diabetes mellitus make a recovery; my reply was "never," and at that time I fear I should have received any story of recovery with an air of incredulity. That opinion is no doubt current to-day. If any holding that point of view happen to be present this afternoon, I would ask them to indicate any error in my diagnosis or to amend my conclusions on the question of recovery. The nine cases I am about to record do not represent all in which hyperglycemia has ceased to develop after meals, but since I do not admit that hyperglyctmic glycosuria is necessarily diabetes mellitus, only cases satisfying the definition are included. I have used the word "recovery" instead of the word "cure " in order to avoid making the assumption that the treatment has been responsible for the return to health. Since, however, the treatment to which these patients have been submitted is not that advocated by the majority of authorities on diabetes mellitus, a description of it may prove of interest. As more than six years have elapsed since I outlined this treatment, and as I have adhered to it during that'time, perhaps you will forgive my repeating my former statements: " We have in insulin a substance which when injected into a diabetic, allows him to burn sugar. The question we have to consider to-day is how to use this substance to the greatest advantage of our patients. In order to answer that question I must remind you of the work done by F. M. Allen ten years ago. His experiments consisted in removing the greater part


Review article analyzes the recent literature on the phytoremediation of soils contaminated with heavy metals. Provides information about the plants hyperaccumulators of heavy metals for phytoremediation, opportunities of using energy crops and chelating agents in phytoremediation, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of phytoremediation technology.


The basic form of the word re-word is very important for the determination of the repetition group. However, not all re-words can be easily determined by their basic form. Especially the basic form of partial repetition and repetition combined with the aphyxeing process. Therefore, this study aims to examine the basic form in dimlication in Indonesian using basic form determination instructions for the reword put forward by Ramlan (1985). This research is qualitatively descriptive. Research data in the form of sentences that contain dimlication of berafiks. Data sources include the novel Bintang by Tere Liye (2017), the novel Waktu untuk Tidak Menikah by Amanatia Junda (2019), the novel translation of the Dunia Anna by Jostein Garder (2019), the book Refresh Your Heart by Abu Zulfan Ardhani (2014) and the book Gestapu 65 by Salim Haji Said (2018). The method of providing data in this study is a method of listening and recording techniques. Analysis is carried out by agih methods as well as techniques for direct elements (BUL) and lesap techniques. The results showed that the dimlication of berreafix is classified as partial dimlication and some are classified into dimlication of afix establishment. Similarly, dimlication berafiks meN-, ter-, and -an. While dimlication is diafiks in-and-kan and se- and senya found only a partial dimlication type..


The electric conductivity is a relative ruler to the conductance of ore forming solution.The value of electric conductivity can directly reflect the concentration value of ore forming solution.Study on fluid inclusion suggests that the high concentrated areas of ore forming solution are generally where the main(rich)orebodies occur.By replacing concentrated field with electric conductivity field,and setting up a quantitative relation between electric conductivity parameter and orebodies,the electric conductivity of ore forming solution can be used to reflect the rich or poor levels of orebodies,to distinguish the industrial and non industrial veins,to indicate prospecting areas and so on.Another new method in mineral searching is through the pyroelectricity of metallic and semiconductor minerals.In dissimilar miner alizing conditions and forming sections,the values of mineral pyroelectricity and types of thermal conductivity are different.Mineral pyroelectricity can be used to judge the denuding levels of deposits and to assess the mineralized district.In Xijinuoshan ore field,the new techniques and methods of electric conductivity and mineral pyroelectricity are adopted to locate the best mineralization section.The study results show that the mineralized center is not between the exploration lines 440 and 500 where a lot of workload has been put in.The mineralized center of Xijinuoshan reconnaissance area should be situated from exploration line 500 to the granite porphyty body in the east.


In photonic label routing networks, optical recognition of routing labels is one of the key functions. We investigate wavelength dependence of a passive waveguide-device for QPSK labels. The function is confirmed by BPM simulation.


The invention provides a box-type dry sand filling pouring production process used for an automobile engine iron casting cold core box combined core, wherein the combined core is fully filled by utilizing dry sand and auxiliary filler in a sand box having a vacuumizing structure so as to provide support for a skin core, and a measure of vacuumizing to further improve the support strength to the skin core is reserved so as to ensure that the combined core is poured in the condition of meeting the process strength requirement in the casting pouring and solidifying process, thereby realizing cooling of the casting in the box. The invention provides a new process which can conveniently solve the technical problem, can realize automatic flow line production suitable for batch production, and simultaneously can fully utilize the technical characteristics of the combined core; is strong in product adaptability, can effectively reduce equipment investment, can effectively save production and operation cost, is environment-friendly, economical, friendly in operation environment and practical, and can produce castings with high quality and high precision.


The invention provides a zone-dividing saturation simulation method. The zone-dividing saturation simulation method comprises the following steps: 1, extracting an oil reservoir segment saturation value according to a single well-logging secondary interpretation result, and only simulating the saturation of an oil reservoir by applying cutoff control; 2, on the basis of oil-water interface analysis, determining the range of an outer oil-water interface sand body, and setting water saturation to be 100 percent; 3, on the basis of determining a transition zone sand body, simulating transition zone saturation by using a J function as an assisting constraint condition; 4, calculating and integrating three simulation results to obtain a zone-dividing fine simulation saturation model. By adopting the zone-dividing saturation simulation method, fine simulation of the saturation is realized, and more accurate parameters are provided for reserve calculation. The zone-dividing saturation simulation method is clear in thought and is easy to apply, the conventional oil-water hybrid simulation method of a saturation model is broken through, and reliable parameters are provided for reserve calculation and numerical reservoir simulation.


The article presents the results of experimental studies of combustion instability in the pulse combustor. Propane-air mixture is burned in the chamber with the flame holder. It was experimentally found that feeding high-frequency sound vibrations into the combustion chamber causes the suppression of pulsating combustion. The oscillation frequency ranges in 870 to 1400 Hz. This corresponds to 9-12 resonance frequencies of oscillations in the combustor. The physical mechanism of the observed phenomenon consists in changing the conditions of formation and destruction of fuel jets in the vortex zone behind the flame holder.


The true earth is a non-rolling-symmetry ellipsoid,so much as is an ellipsoid as a pear.Thereby,the theoretical research on dynamics of triaxial whole Earth rotation has definite meanings.This paper will restudy the free wobble of the triaxial rigid earth rotation,and the decomposition theorem given by some scholars,and indicate the to existent problems.


Food business operators producing Ready-To-Eat (RTE) foodstuffs must be able to demonstrate that the products will comply to regulatory specifications in terms of food safety. At the same time, various food quality aspects are also important to ensure the economic position of the food producers. For refrigerated products, it is obvious that the actual time-temperature profiles a food product undergoes in the cold chain, is of paramount importance for guaranteeing food safety and quality. This work is part of the EU-FP-7 project FRISBEE. More specifically, the objective of this work is to develop, identify and validate kinetic models for RTE pork meat products like pasteurized ham, pâte and raw ham. Hereto, dedicated storage experiments are designed and conducted. Attributes were identified: quality indicators including texture, drip-loss, water-loss, colour and microbiological indicators including Listeria monocytogenes and lactic acid bacteria. In parallel, heat transfer models were also identified and validated allowing to link the temperature in a certain step of the cold chain with the actual temperature as experienced by the food products. The developed models are an essential part of the FRISBEE software tool: a user-friendly software application that allows to mimic the effect of realistic time-temperature profiles in the cold chain on the final product safety and quality when reaching the consumer, and that at the same time calculates the energy requirements and environmental impact of the cooling technologies being part of the simulated cold chain.


[1] The release of Patricia Hall's sketch-based study of composer Alban Berg's first opera Wozzeck, fifteen years after her earlier parallel study of Berg's second opera Lulu (Hall 1996, awarded the ASCAP Deems Taylor Award), is a seminal event in Berg scholarship. I have previously defined three stages in Berg research (Headlam 1993). The first encompasses writings of Berg himself and his circle of students and correspondents, notably Willi Reich and Theodor W. Adorno. The second stage begins with the writings of Hans Redlich in the 1950s and extends through seminal studies of individual works and overviews of Berg's oeuvre by writers such as George Perle, Mark DeVoto, and Douglas Jarman in the 1970s and 80s. This stage also includes the onset of comprehensive studies of sketches and other materials, and the revelations of the secret programs in Berg's music. The third stage is a continuation and expansion of the directions in the second; it includes my own book (Headlam 1996), Hall's Lulu book (Hall 1996), exegeses of further secret programs in the Chamber Concerto, Violin Concerto and other works, and a number of collected and individual volumes on Berg's music.(1) Hall's present book and the passing of George Perle (January 2009) may turn out to mark the completion of this third stage. In this review, I will consider Hall's book in this context and try to frame some questions that might set the stage for the next generation, which should properly provide a complete biography of Berg as well as new directions for analysis.[2] In her Wozzeck study, Patricia Hall deploys the exemplary sketch and analytical techniques evident in her earlier book. Hall is the undisputed English-language expert on the Berg sketch and biographical material, and this welcome second volume offers the same high level of scholarship and insight into the working methods of this fascinating composer familiar from the first study on Lulu. Readers will come away impressed by the detailed analytical nature of Berg's compositional method, and by the thorough and self-conscious way in which he approached musical and related dramatic questions. Berg was a careful analyst of his own and others' music, and the notes and letters surrounding his first opera confirm that he was sensitive to subtle dramatic and formal points and all aspects of musical and text combinations; his notations characterizing the psychological aspects of Schoenberg's orchestration in Erwartung provide further evidence of this propensity (see pages 103-7). Berg's analytical and communicative abilities are exemplified in the famous lecture presented before some performances of Wozzeck in the 1920s, as well as in several analytical letters to Schoenberg.[3] As in her earlier book, Hall expertly takes us through not only the immediate sketches, but also through other surrounding sketch and biographical material to support her narrative. Hall's assessment allows us to extrapolate a provocative parallel with Lulu. As early as 1985 Hall pointed out a two-part compositional structure for Lulu: measures 85-528 in Act I are, with a few exceptions, based on the original sketch material (1927), and the Prologue (written last) and remaining sections of the opera follow from correspondence between Berg and Willi Reich and the composition of Der Wein (1929). This in turn leads to an expanded set of materials derived from the row, most notably the order position cycles creating most of the character rows of the opera (Hall 1985). We can detect an analogous two-part compositional process for Wozzeck, based on the increased use of permutational alignments of intervals cycles (described by Berg in a letter to Schoenberg of 1920) and his general implementation of "serial ordering, but in a more comprehensive fashion" than before (110, identified in sketches from 1919). The notable increase in these algorithmic procedures-some foreshadowing the coming twelve-tone techniques-suggests an analogous bifurcation in the composition of Wozzeck, which Hall divides into three phases: 1914-18, 1919-22, and 1923-25 (the latter more concerned with arranging and preparing for the premiere in 1925). …


The note discusses Aristotle's arguments concerning continuity of circular motion and shows that, first, they are philosophical in nature and, second, continuity of rectilinear motion can be proven in Aristotelian physics.


In the following we briefly analyze and compare voice of the different races of Square-tailed Black Bulbul (Hypsipetes ganeesa) and Himalayan Black Bulbul (Hypsipetes leucocephalus). We also try to quantify the extent of any vocal differences using the criteria proposed by Tobias et al. (2010), as a support for taxonomic review. We have made use of sound recordings available on-line from Xeno Canto (XC), Macaulay Library (ML).


AIM:This study was concerned with the effect of Alexipharmie Capsule(Flos Lonicerae Japonicae,Fructus Forsythiae,Radix Scutellariae,Radix Isatidis,Herba Ephedrae,Radix et Rhizoma Glycyrrhizae) on fever,inflammation,pain and cough. METHODS: We adopted ear swelling mouse model induced by xylene and foot swelling mouse model induced by carrageenan to observe the anti-inflammatory effects;took 15% beer yeast and bacterial endotoxin as pyrogen to study the antipyretic effects on rats and rabbits;used acetic acid stretching method to observe the analgesic effects;adopted strong aqua ammoniae spraying and sulfur dioxide stimulus method to study the antitussive effects. RESULTS: Alexipharmic Capsule could obviously inhibit ear and foot swelling of mouse model(P0.05);it could remove fever in rats and rabbits infected by 15% beer yeast and bacterial endotoxin (P0.01);it could inhibit stretching reaction of mouse induced by 0.5% acetic acid(P0.05);it could also prolong mouse coughing latent period induced by strong aqua ammoniae(P0.05). CONCLUSION: Alexipharmic Capsule has the antipyretic,anti-inflammation,analgesia and anti-cough effects.


This study aims to examine the relationship between authentic leadership and entrepreneurship orientation perceptions in exporting companies with increasing and decreasing export performances. Objective data was compiled from Turkish Exporters Assembly (TIM) publications between the years 2013 and 2018 to separate the exporters in the research universe into two separate export performances and the subjective data were collected by using the survey method. The sample comprises 438 mid-to-high-level white-collar employees from 21 companies operating in exporting goods. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was used for validity as the theoretical structures of the scales were revealed by the researchers who developed the scales. Then reliability analysis performed and finally the relationship between authentic leadership and entrepreneurship orientation perceptions in exporting companies with different export performances was examined by linear regression analysis. The research findings indicated that there were significant relationships between authentic leadership and the entrepreneurship orientation for the companies with both increasing and decreasing export performances. Considering authentic leadership and entrepreneurship orientation scale averages together, higher averages were observed in the group whose export performance increased. The research findings also show that, when the authentic leadership scale increased, then it causes an increase in entrepreneurship orientation scores for both groups.


ABSTRACT Field work is the signature pedagogy of social work. As a central form of instruction, it enables the course of learning by enabling the students to perform the role of practitioner. Field work contains pedagogical norms with which students learn to connect and integrate theory and practice. The current paper delineates the pedagogy of field work practicum in the Indian context and attempts to explore the challenges in transaction of field work curriculum with respect to placement agencies, at the levels of supervisor and supervisee and the ever evolving and dynamic relationship between the two. Based on authors' experiential accounts, the paper recommends few strategies for enhancing the scope of professional growth and learning within the broad realms of field work placement.