In this study, the conceptual categorisations, termed as strategic HRM dimensions are investigated through the empirical and qualitative data analysis lens. These are: Strategic HR roles; Organisational Learning Capability; Psychological Empowerment as a motivational construct (perceived empowerment enabling impact, competence, meaning and self‐determination) and organisational commitment, which is a HRM outcome. Firm performance perceptual linkage was also established, though unit of analysis remained managerial perceptions. The proposed framework of Strategic HRM dimensions has been tested empirically through the study of Indian organisations, as perceived by Indian managers. The organisational analysis has been presented on two bases: Nature of ownership, i.e. Public Sector, Private Sector and Multinationals (Indian/Global) and type of technology, which is essentially industry representation (Cleland, Pajovel variables), (Toulson, 2000; Teo, 2002; Ramnarayan, 1996), drawn randomly from the National Capital Region of India. The individual level contingency variables (age, gender, level in the organisation, hierarchical level, type of Manager – HR/Line) were tested for their impact on SHRM dimensions. The study is based on primary and secondary data sources and rests on survey research design. Triangulation of data collection and data analysis has been attempted, by developing case studies based on personal interviews and secondary data sources. Primary data collection in the survey was done through the administration of four standardised questionnaires/ scales, which are Human Role Assessment Survey Questionnaire (Ulrich, 1997), adapted version of Organisational Learning Capability (OLC) Questionnaire, (Ramnarayan, 1996), Organisational Commitment Scale (Allen and Meyer, 1990), and Psychological Empowerment Scale (Spreitzer, 1995). These have been administered on 640 managers. The study is based on four‐stage sampling design. Quantitative Data analysis lens was used to investigate the empirical linkages. Results were presented in two parts. Section A deals with the quantitative results, which include, Univariate, Bivariate and Multivariate statistical analyses of data, which were means, standard deviations and t: tests correlations, discriminant function analyses, ANOVA, Duncan's Multiple range test and Step wise regression analyses. Section B deals with the qualitative results, which are elaborate case studies, based on primary and secondary data analyses. The study establishes the empirical linkages and later discusses the implications to research and to the Indian Industry.


Plant receptor-like kinases (RLKs) are transmembrane proteins with putative amino-terminal extracellular domains and carboxyl-terminal intracellular kinase domains, with striking resemblance in domain organization to the animal receptor tyrosine kinases such as epidermal growth factor receptor. The recently sequenced Arabidopsis genome contains more than 600 RLK homologs, representing nearly 2.5% of the annotated protein-coding genes in Arabidopsis. Although only a handful of these genes have known functions and fewer still have identified ligands or downstream targets, the studies of several RLKs such as CLAVATA1, Brassinosteroid Insensitive 1, Flagellin Insensitive 2, and S-locus receptor kinase provide much-needed information on the functions mediated by members of this large gene family. RLKs control a wide range of processes, including development, disease resistance, hormone perception, and self-incompatibility. Combined with the expression studies and biochemical analysis of other RLKs, more details of RLK function and signaling are emerging. A basic feature of all biological systems is the ability to sense and process information from chemical signals via cell-surface receptors. One prevalent class of receptors in both plants and animals is the receptor protein kinases. These proteins contain a signal-binding region located outside the cell linked to a region inside the cell called the protein kinase domain. The protein kinase domain transmits information to other cellular components by catalyzing the transfer of a phosphate group from adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to an amino acid residue on the target proteins. In animals and humans, the well-studied family of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) mediates a wide range of signaling events at the cell surface. The importance of receptor protein kinases in plant biology was revealed by the discovery of a family of more than 400 genes coding for receptor-like kinases (RLKs) present in the recently sequenced genome of the model plant Arabidopsis. Unlike most animal RTKs, the plant RLKs use serine and threonine residues in proteins as targets for phosphorylation. Detailed studies of a handful of plant RLK genes have implicated them in the control of plant growth and development and in responses to pathogens. Multiple signals can be sensed by different RLKs, including peptides produced by neighboring cells, steroid hormones, and pathogen cell-wall proteins and carbohydrates. Major challenges for the future will include understanding the wide range of specific signaling functions performed by this large family of receptors and discovering how the information from this multitude of signal initiation points is integrated by the plant's cells.


The purpose of this study is to allow insight into rheumatoid and reactive arthritis, the two diseases which still puzzle many scientists, and are an interesting field of research. Retrospective study incorporated 74 patients suffering from these diseases, out of which 46 were patients with rheumatoid, and 28 with reactive arthritis. The patients were treated at Clinic for Heart Diseases and Rheumatism; at Clinical centre University in Sarajevo during the period of two years (2007/2008). Out of 46 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, 67% were women. Most of the patients (59%) were over 50 years old. There was no significant difference in male to female ratio in patients with reactive arthritis, and the age groups were evenly matched, too. Male to female ratio was 57% to 43%, and the overall percentage of patients up to 30 years old is 35%, identical to the percentage of patients who are over 50 years old. The study demonstrates positive CRP values in 65% of the patients with rheumatoid arthritis. 93% of the patients with reactive arthritis show high CRP value. The average values are 40,5 mg/l (max 147 mg/l) for patients with rheumatoid arthritis, and 41,2 mg/l (max 232 mg/l) for patients with reactive arthritis. It has been proven that the RF test is much more sensitive in diagnosing rheumatoid arthritis. The test was positive in 91,3% of the subjects with rheumatoid arthritis. In the case of reactive arthritis, 29% of the subjects were positive when put to RF test. This is a proof of particular specificity of this test. Anti CCP test is a standard method for diagnosing rheumatoid arthritis worldwide, and in our country, too. The test identified rheumatoid arthritis 91,3% of the cases. Anti CCP was negative in all the patients with reactive arthritis, which is a proof of great specificity of this test.


The invention belongs to the technical field of medicines, and in particular relates to a valsartan compound and a preparation method thereof. The valsartan compound has the advantages of chemical purity of 99.9 percent, the highest impurity content of less than 0.1 percent, optical purity of 99.96 percent ee, and high stability. The compound has low production cost and stable quality and is suitable for industrial production.


Surveillance systems in real world limited bandwidth network face troubles due to obstruction in network. This created the necessity of a sophisticated algorithm that may be utilized in real time applications. This paper implicates principal component analysis based radial basis function for motion detection. Implementation in real world applications is the major goodness of this technique. This algorithm is preferable with variable bit rate video streams which makes wireless video communication at ease. Once the moving object detected human presence is known that widens the relevance of this method. This methodology is favorable for its effectiveness.


Finally our patient was mildly diabetic and it is of note that perinephric abscess does occur more commonly in diabetic patients. In one series the incidence of 0.02% was double that in nondiabetic subjects (Plevin et al. 1970). This case illustrates how the patient's age, his undiagnosed diabetes and the unfortunate position of his appendix all combined to produce an unusual and totally misleading clinical picture.


Buddha's words represented his legacy in a way that partook of the nature of a relic. The question of authenticity, and the Chinese term zhen 眞 which tends to underlie the English word, though later prominent, are not raised at this stage in the book, despite the fine treatment given to the appearance of mechanically accurate copying achievable through printing. This is intriguing, in that secular writing did know the concept of the "true copy" or zhenben 眞本, though that term was used in what is to me a slightly puzzling way: cf. BSOAS 69/2, 2006, 332–3. But a couple of chapters on text are followed by three on images, another instance of the Buddha's relics that preserved neither his bones nor his words but his appearance, and here questions of authenticity are much more overtly to the fore. Two final chapters then turn to the products of cremation honoured by reliquaries, and as shown by the eleventh-century author already cited we are here too grappling with some very unfamiliar yet important phenomena, and the discussion reveals yet more clearly how something can be replicated and even fabricated, but real at the same time. The richness of this volume is most gratifying, a solid testament to the advantages of not rushing into print with the research results of doctoral work but rather taking the time to explore complex issues over a wide array of materials, however lengthy and taxing that process may be. The materials in question are furthermore amply documented throughout by means of illustrations, to a degree that I imagine will be readily appreciated by art historians. But this book deserves a much wider readership than simply one concerned with material culture, since it touches on some of the most important aspects of religious belief in China throughout the period covered. There are certainly aspects of the topic that are not directly addressed here, such as the political manipulation of sacred objects, but the writing is disciplined enough not to risk too many discursive ventures into areas already known to scholarship. The reading of the meaning of material culture may perhaps be modified in future by discoveries within written sources, though the initial exploration by Jonathan Silk suggests that progress in this direction is unlikely to be rapid. For now, however, Hsueh-man Shen's work sets new standards in challenging us to rethink our ideas about many things. It will, I am sure, be much cited, and with good reason.


OBJECTIVE To investigate and analyze the first human avian influenza case of Guiyang, provide a better basis for preventing and controlling human avian influenza in the future. METHODS Carried out field epidemiological survey in the pa- tients, close contacts and the farmers' markets, detected and analyzed the samples from close contacts and the outdoor envi- ronment of farmers' markets. RESULTS The result of the detection of national CDC showed that avian influenza virus (H5N1) was detected positive for nucleic acid of the case, therefore to determine this patient was infected with highly pathogenic human avian influenza. After sampled and detected the farmers' markets around the patient residence, the test results showed that the outdoor environment of farmers' markets were polluted by H5N1.Put all the close contacts and poultry sales staffs under tracking and medical observation, found no positive results.To further investigate the farmers' markets pollution of Guiyang, we detected 645 environmental samples from the farmers' markets, farms and live poultry wholesale markets, which showed that the farm- ers' markets, farms and so on were polluted by type A (H5N1), with higher infections in ducks than chickens, and a lot of recessive or H5N1 infections, thus the poultry that carried the virus without symptoms from non-avian influenza epidemic area may be the source of infection. CONCLUSION In Guiyang, the situation of preventing and controlling highly pathogenic human avian influenza is grim, we should conscientiously implement the various measures according to Ministry of Health proposed to prevent and control avian influenza epidemics.


With the in-depth development of subject service, university library's social service gets gradual improvement and enters a new development field. Connecting with the current status of and existing problems in the social services of university libraries in Hebei Province, this paper probes into university library's socialized information service mode.


Despite the focus on motherhood and sport participation in recent years, the motherhood and recreational sport participation nexus is not well understood. Using an instrumental case study, we explored running facilitators for competitive recreational mother runners to advance research using a novel theory (i.e., narrative inquiry). We used a dialogical narrative analysis to identify a key theme of "good mother runners: negotiating freedom and constraint." Findings are presented using a storyteller approach in the form of three portrait characters who each tell a story of facilitators grounded in a "relational narrative" that provided freedom to run in the context of good motherhood. The features of the relational narrative are shown in three nonfiction vignettes: Susan's story, "Running is what we do"; Tracy's story, "Running isn't just for me, it's for them"; and Kay's story, "Just go with it." Interpretive reflections of the stories using narrative theory are offered. We conclude with practical recommendations and future research directions for mothers' competitive running participation.


This article mainly explains the application of reliability theory in bridge engineering structures at present,summarizes the definition of reliability,prospects the future of reliability theory's application in bridge engineering structures.


Current measurement and calibration capabilities for mercury vapor in air are maintained at levels of 0.2–40 μg Hg m−3. In this work, a mercury vapor generator has been developed to establish metrological traceability to the international system of units (SI) for mercury vapor measurement results ≤15 ng Hg m−3, i.e. closer to realistic ambient air concentrations (1–2 ng Hg m−3) []. Innovations developed included a modified type of diffusion cell, a new measurement method to weigh the loss in (mercury) mass of these diffusion cells during use (ca. 6–8 μg mass difference between successive weighings), and a new housing for the diffusion cells to maximize flow characteristics and to minimize temperature variations and adsorption effects. The newly developed mercury vapor generator system was tested by using diffusion cells generating 0.8 and 16 ng Hg min−1. The results also show that the filter system, to produce mercury free air, is working properly. Furthermore, and most importantly, the system is producing a flow with a stable mercury vapor content. Some additional improvements are still required to allow the developed mercury vapor generator to produce SI traceable mercury vapor concentrations, based upon gravimetry, at much lower concentration levels and reduced measurement uncertainties than have been achieved previously. The challenges to be met are especially related to developing more robust diffusion cells and better mass measurement conditions. The developed mercury vapor generator will contribute to more reliable measurement results of mercury vapor at ambient and background air levels, and also to better safety standards and cost reductions in industrial processes, such as the liquefied natural gas field, where aluminum main cryogenic heat exchangers are used which are particularly prone to corrosion caused by mercury.


A news article entitled 'New versions of Omicron are masters of immune evasion' authored by Gretchen Vogel was published in Science on 10 May 2022. She mentioned all three new sublineages of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variant, including BA.4 and BA.5 first detected in South Africa and BA.2.12.1 now spreading in the United States, as having a key escape mutation in L452, potentially explaining the reduced neutralising capacity in sera from vaccinated or BA.1-infected-but-recovered individuals.1 The author further noted that Linfa Wang, Professor and Director at Duke-NUSMedical School in Singapore, proposed renaming the newOmicron sublineages as SARS-CoV-3 based on their broad and dramatic immune escape profile.1 Not surprisingly, this idea has provoked wide discussion within the scientific community. Some scientists have agreed with this proposal, but we and others do not, based on the following reasoning. Evolutionarily,2 SARS-CoV-2 wildtype shares approximately 79% and 55% sequence similarity with SARSCoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), respectively, while its sequence similarities with Omicron BA.2, BA.2.12.1, BA.4 and BA.5 sublineages are 99.67%, 99.65%, 99.62% and 99.66%, respectively (Figure 1). Therefore, the proposed renaming is contrary to the principles of nomenclature, as suggested by


The invention relates to a forklift truck with cabin (4) which is adjustable in height. Allows the driver to look beyond the carrying load.


OBJECTIVE
To investigate the effects of short-time continuous positive airway pressure treatment before the surgery on insulin sensitivity in patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome and type 2 diabetes who need the operation of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty.

METHOD
Thirty cases of patients with moderate and severe obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome and type 2 diabetes who need the operation of UPPP were included in this study. The apnea hypopnea index (AHI) and LSaO2 and the insulin sensitivity index (ISI) was evaluated by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA), after 7 days of effective CPAP treatment. Subsequently, the data of the PSG and the ISI were rechecked and compared to the data previously achieved.

RESULT
After 7 days of effective CPAP treatment, the level of AHI and LSaO2 changed (P < 0.05). The level of ISI improved (P < 0.05), while the level of AHI was correlated with fasting blood insulin level (r = 0.6365, P < 0.05) and was inverse correlated with insulin sensitivity (r = - 0.6229, P < 0.05). There was an negative correlation between LSaO2 and fasting blood insulin level (r = -0.8889, P < 0.05), and there was a correlation between LSaO2 and insulin sensitivity (r = 0.9526, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION
The 7 days of effective CPAP treatment could improve the hypoxia of patients, and it could enhance the ISI and could reduce the operation risk of UPPP.


This article seeks to establish a link between two social phenomena of great impact in Colombia: internal forced displacement and the growth of Pentecostalism. The underlying question throughout the article is the following: what role does the Pentecostal community play in the process of resocialization of internally displaced persons in the slums of the big Colombian cities? It will show that small, autonomous Pentecostal congregations, very present in the city slums, adapt particularly well to the specific needs of the displaced population in Colombia: destructed social networks are rapidly reconstructed and identities are rebuilt to the measure.


A tissue paper having first and second opposed surfaces, comprising a lotion on at least one surface of said tissue paper, said present lotion deposits basically differentiated on said first surface, characterized in that said deposits have an average weight per unit area of at least 11 g / m2, and wherein the weight per unit area of said lotion on said tissue is equal or less than 9 g / m2.


Two sieved analogues of the Pollaczek polynomials are introduced and the weight functions for the new polynomials are computed. Various asymptotic and explicit formulas are derived. Generating functions are also included.


Background 4-1BB (CD137) is an activation-induced co-stimulatory receptor that regulates immune responses of activated CD8+ T cells and NK cells, by enhancing proliferation, survival, cytolytic activity and IFN-γ production. Its ability to induce potent anti-tumor CD8+ and NK cell activity makes 4-1BB an attractive target for designing novel therapeutics for immuno-oncology. However, clinical development of a monospecific 4-1BB agonistic antibody has been hampered by dose-limiting hepatic toxicities. To minimize systemic immune toxicities and enhance activity at the tumor site, we have developed a novel 4-1BB x 5T4 bispecific antibody that stimulates 4-1BB function only when co-engaged with 5T4, a tumor-associated antigen. The combined preclinical dataset presented here provides an overview of the mechanism of action and the efficacy and safety profile of ALG.APV-527, supporting its advancement into the clinic. Methods ALG. APV-527 was built based the ADAPTIR™ platform with binding domains to 4-1BB and 5T4 generated using the ALLIGATOR-GOLD® human scFv library. ALG.APV-527 was tested using primary cells in the presence or absence of cells expressing 5T4. Cell Trace-labelled PBMC sub-optimally stimulated with anti-CD3, to induce 4-1BB expression, cells were gated using flow cytometry. T cell cytotoxicity was assessed by quantifying cell death in CD8+ T cell/tumor cell co-cultures, and images were obtained using a cell live imaging system (Cytation 5). For tumor inhibition studies, human 4-1BB knock-in mice were injected subcutaneously with MB49 cells transfected with human 5T4. Cured mice were subsequently used in a toxicity study and liver pathology was evaluated. Results In vitro, ALG.APV-527 enhances primary CD8+ T cell and NK cell function and proliferation in the presence of 5T4-expressing cells. Using imaging, ALG.APV-527 in combination with a bispecific T cell engager caused increased cell death in T cell/tumor cell co-cultures. ALG.APV-527 inhibited growth of established tumors at doses as low as 2 µg/mouse in a syngeneic bladder cancer model. Following recovery, mice exhibited a memory response when rechallenged with tumor. In a high dose safety study in human 4-1BB knock-in mice, ALG.APV-527 did not cause significant systemic immune activation, whereas urelumab analogue treated mice induced dermatitis, elevated serum cytokines, CD8+ T-cell liver infiltration and systemic T-cell proliferation. Conclusions ALG. APV-527 induces potent CD8+ T cell and NK cell co-stimulation and T-cell cytotoxicity and has potent in vivo anti-tumor activity, without inducing systemic toxicity. Based on preclinical data, ALG.APV-527 is a promising anti-cancer therapeutic for the treatment of a variety of 5T4-expressing solid tumors. Ethics Approval All studies were review and approved by the Internal Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) of Aptevo Therapeutics


We consider multi-variable continuous-time linear stochastic systems given in innovation form, with system matrices depending on an unknown parameter that is locally identifiable. A computable continuous-time recursive maximum likelihood (RML) method with resetting has been proposed in our ECC 09 paper. Resetting takes place if the estimator process hits the boundary of a pre-specified compact domain, or if the rate of change, in a stochastic sense, of the parameter process would hit a fixed threshold. An outline of a proof of convergence almost surely and in Lq was given, under realistic conditions. In the present paper we show that the RML estimator differs from the off-line estimator by an error of the magnitude of logT/T in an appropriate sense. With this result a conjecture formulated back in 1984 has been settled.


In view of the fuzzy understanding existing in the work of Combination of Productivity, Learning and Research in the world of higher vocational education, this paper clarifies the intension of Combination of Productivity, Learning and Research from the concept. And based on this, it makes a theoretical research into its connotation and characteristics. The research shows that the Combination of Productivity, Learning and Research in higher vocational colleges not only needs to combine with the enterprises and the scientific research departments, but even to stress its internal combination; not only attaches importance to combination of personnel-training, but also the one of the building of teaching staff with more than one professional titles.


At the end of the last century, the fire on the altar of coagulation was burning briskly, for it had been well fed with the fuel of ideas and experimental findings by such workers as Buchanan, Schmidt, Hammarsten, Pekelharing, Arthus and Pages, and Morawitz. After 1900 the flames began to die down, partly because fewer new ideas were forthcoming and partly because the fire was smothered by confused theories and poorly executed experimental work. Such simple instruments of precision as the pipet and the stopwatch had not generally found their way into the physiologic and clinical laboratory; the workers were content to measure volume in drops and to record reaction times in minutes and hours instead of seconds. Fortunately, there remained in the embers much that could be rekindled. In 1890 Arthus and Pages' had discovered that the blood became incoagulable when sodium oxalate was added and that the addition of calcium restored clotting. Twenty years later Addis2 employed the principle of timing the clotting of recalcified plasma, and shortly thereafter Howell3 standardized the method and demonstrated its usefulness. He believed that the test was a measure of prothrombin. Since the clotting time of recalcified plasma is prolonged in hemophilia, he concluded that a prothrombin defect accounted for the abnormal coagulation in this disease. Later, however, he and Cekada4 obtained evidence that the prothrombin was normal in hemophilia. This conflict made the interpretation of the test difficult and resulted in considerable confusion because the procedure continued to be called a pro-


BackgroundConventional cardiac imaging methods do not depict true segmental myocardial shortening, since they cannot determine segment length between fixed points in the myocardium. Methods and ResultsWe used electrocardiographically gated magnetic resonance imaging with spatial modulation of magnetization to noninvasively "tag" the myocardium with dark stripes at uniform 7-mm intervals center to center at end diastole. We then determined end-systolic stripe separation and thereby calculated circumferential shortening. When end systole was not reached in the first image series, a second temporally overlapped series starting in late systole was used to determine late-systolic shortening. Septal, anterior, lateral, and inferior segments were assessed at endocardium, midwall, and epicardium on five midventricular short-axis sections each in 10 normal volunteers. A transmural gradient in circumferential shortening was observed, with the percentage of endocardial segment shortening consistently greater than epicardial segment shortening (epicardial, 22 ± 5%; midwall, 30 ± 6%; and endocardial, 44 ± 6%; p < 0.0001 by analysis of variance). Circumferential shortening varied from apex to base with slices closer to the base of the left ventricle showing less shortening at the midwall (28 ± 9%o) and endocardium (39 ± 6%) than more apical slices at the midwall (34 ± 13%) and endocardium (49 ± 9%o) (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively, by analysis of variance). ConclusionsTransmural and longitudinal heterogeneity of circumferential shortening is present in the normal human left ventricle. Magnetic resonance imaging with spatial modulation of magnetization is a powerful new tool for assessment of circumferential shortening and provides information unobtainable with conventional imaging methods. (Circulation 1991;84:67–74)


AIM: To investigate the effects of PFOA on relevant enzymes department in liver of mice.Methods: Mice were divided into 4 groups randomly,the control group,1/16LD50,1/8LD50,1/4LD50.After exposure for 14d,succinate dehydrogenase(SDH),lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),Monoamine oxidase(MAO) were measured by the method of reagent' s directions.Results: Activity of SDH in the model group were lower remarkably than those in the control group(P0.01),and decreased in a dose-dependent way.Activity of LDH and MAO in the model group were higher remarkably than those in the control group(P0.01),and increased in a dose-dependent way.Conclusion: PFOA induced liver injury by damaging Mitochondria and energy decompensation,finally caused liver necrosis.


Background: Staphylococcus aureus is a common commensal bacterium of the human body and a potential pathogen, causing public health hazards. Due to various virulent factors and growing antibiotic resistance, bacteria could cause various infections, ranging from minor skin infections to life-threating sepsis. Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the prevalence rate of S. aureus and determine its antimicrobial sensitivity profile in the secondary school students in Duhok City, Iraq. Methods: Samples were collected from the anterior nares of 492 volunteers aged more than 16 years in different cities, including Akre, Amedye, Bardarash, and Duhok. Conventional laboratory tests were performed for the identification of the bacterial isolates. In addition, the antimicrobial sensitivity test was carried out in accordance with the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Results: Out of 492 subjects, 185 cases (37.6%) were carriers of S. aureus, including 57/185 (30.8%) males. The oxacillin resistance rate was estimated at 41.08%, while the resistance rate against tetracycline, fusidic acid, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, vancomycin, clindamycin and rifampicin was 27.02%, 19.46%, 9.19%, 8.65%, 7.56%, 3.78%, and 1.08%, respectively. All the isolates were susceptible to teicoplanin. Conclusions: According to the results, the prevalence rate of S. aureus was high, and the species were more common in females. Therefore, further investigations are required to monitor the S. aureus antimicrobial profile and implement proper plans to manage the associated issues.


There is evidence from experimental studies that the time interval from the peak to the end of T‐wave reflects the transmural dispersion in repolarization (electrical gradient) between myocardial "layers" (epicardial, M‐cells, endocardial). Since Congenital Long QT Syndrome (LQTS) is considered to be classical disease or repolarisation abnormalities, we performed the present study to assess the transmtiral dispersion of repolarization in LQTS patients. The study group consisted of 17 patients: 7 LQTS pts and 10 pts from the control group. In each patient the 24‐hour ECG recording was performed on magnetic tape. The interval from the peak to the end of the T‐wave (TpTo) was automatically measured by Holter system during every hour as a measure of transmural dispersion of repolarisation. Thereafter the mean TpTo from 24‐hours was calculated. In addition the spatial QT dispersion was measured from 12 lead ECG and 3 channel Holter tape as a difference between the shortest and the longest QT interval between leads. The values were compared between groups using the Anova test.


Objective To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of multislice spiral computed tomography in clinical application of pulmonary embolism.Methods Twenty-eight patients who had pulmonary embolism were retrospected by multislice spiral computed tomography.We studied the embolism location,the appearance feature and the changes of thrombolysis through diffirent postprocessing technique such as thin layer scanning,multiplanar reconstruction(MRP),MIP imaging technology,volume rendering and so on.Results A total of 378 bronchials with pulmonary embolism in 28 cases were finded in 4 kinds shape.The thin layer scanning and MRP were the best ways in displaying the appearance feature and the changes of thrombolysis,then there were MIP,VR orderly.But it was not good enough for the VR in showing the third or beneath division of pulmonary embolism.Conclusion The MSCT not only could accurately observe the pulmonary artery embolism position,appearance feature and changes,but also could observe the effective power of thrombolysis.The thin layer scanning and MRP are the most reliable ways,then the MIP and VR were supplementary ways.The integrated application in postprocessing technique could improve the veracity in diagnosising the pulmonary embolism.


An ultra-precision positioning set based on laser moire signals is designed.It can achieve a fully automatic precision position by combination of light,electronic and mechanical technology.But it is difficult to set up accurate control model of precise positioning because of non-linearity of the positioning system.Fuzzy neural network is used in the precise positioning control.BP neural network model is set up.The improved fuzzy control system can obtain corresponding operation knowledge according to working environment.The experimental result shows FNNC can perform excellent control effect,such as good stability and strong robustness.The positioning accuracy of sub-micron order is obtained.


Abstract Clonazolam is a designer triazolobenzodiazepine first synthesized in the 1970s that has never been licensed for therapeutic use. Clonazolam first surfaced on the internet in 2014 as a drug of abuse. Cases of intoxication involving clonazolam have been identified since 2016 in Europe with a single case described in the US in 2017. It is typically found in tablet, capsule, pellet, blotter, or powder form. A 28-year-old man presented with somnolence to an emergency department after reportedly ingesting one-half of a 30 mL vial of liquid clonazolam he purchased from the internet. He had normal vital signs and had no distress on presentation. His laboratory tests were normal, and his mental status cleared during a 6-hour observation in the emergency department. Non-targeted analysis of the liquid using liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry identified clonazolam (0.4 mg/mL) with no other pharmaceuticals. This is the second case of intentional clonazolam ingestion described in the United States, and is unique in that the substance was found in liquid form. Providers should be aware that clonazolam is available on the internet in liquid formulation, which may increase the risk of accidental overdose.


The mechanism and kinetics of the reaction of CH3OCF2CF2OCH3 with OH radicals have been studied theoretically by a direct density functional theory dynamics method. All possible H-abstraction channels and displacement processes taking place on two different conformers of CH3OCF2CF2OCH3 have been taken into consideration. The potential energy surface information including the optimized geometries and harmonic vibrational frequencies of all the stationary points and barrier heights involved in these channels were obtained at the BB1K/6-31+G(d,p) level of theory. The rate constants were calculated using improved canonical variational transition state theory (ICVT) with the small-curvature tunneling correction (SCT) over the temperature range of 200–2000 K. The overall rate constant for the title reaction, which was obtained by considering the weight factor of each conformer from the Boltzman distribution function, is in reasonable agreement with the available experimental value. Three-term Arrhenius expression is fitted to be kT = 1.56 × 10-20T2.47exp(-124.64/T)cm3 molecule-1 s-1 (200–2000 K). Also, the enthalpies of formation of the reactant CH3OCF2CF2OCH3 and product radicals CH3OCF2CF2OCH2 and CH3OCF2CF2O, which lack experimental or theoretical data, were evaluated via applying isodesmic reactions.


The purpose of this study is to investigate the Mechanical and Tribological properties of plain bearing alloys used especially in internal combustion engines. The mechanical properties namely Tensile strength and Hardness were investigated according to standard procedure. The sliding friction and wear properties of aluminium-tin alloy against high carbon high chromium steel were investigated at different normal loads as (29.43 N, 33.35 N and 36.25 N). Tests were carried in oil lubricated conditions with a sliding speed of 1 m/s. Prior to experimentation, the circulating engine oil 20w40 was heated to temperature of 80C using heater. The frictional behavior and wear property of aluminium-tin alloy were studied by means of pin-on-disk tribometer. The weight loss of the specimen was measured and wear and friction characteristics were calculated with respect to time, depth of wear track, sliding speed and bearing load. To determine the wear mechanism, the worn surfaces of the samples were examined using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The optimum wear reduction was obtained at different normal loads and at same sliding speed.


This paper reports a new process for producing dense 2D SiC fiber-SiC (SiC/SiC) composites through slurry infiltration and stacking. The processing strategy for the fabrication of the 2D SiC/SiC composites involves: (i) infiltration of the SiC fiber fabric using a SiC slurry, (ii) stacking the slurry-infiltrated SiC fiber fabric and SiC tapes alternately at room temperature, (iii) pyrolysis of the stacked composites and (iv) hot-pressing the pyrolyzed composites. It was possible to obtain dense 2D SiC/SiC composites with relative densities of >96% by controlling the hot-pressing time at 1750°C.


Various efforts have been made by the coffee processing industry to increase the added value of arabica coffee. The research was aimed to analyze the activity in the coffee processing industry which plays a major role in increasing the added value of arabica coffee and calculating the added value of arabica coffee in Tana Toraja Regency. This research was conducted in Mengkendek District, which is an area of Tana Toraja Regency. The sample in this study consisted of the coffee processing industry, namely the Unit Usaha Otonom (UUO) Agribisnis Toraja and Gandangbatu Coffee. Data collection uses survey methods and data is analyzed using qualitative and quantitative approaches. Theories used in data analysis include; (1) Porter method to analyze every activity in the coffee processing industry, (2) Hayami method to calculate the added value of arabica coffee. The results of this study conclude that activities that play a major role in increasing the added value of arabica coffee in Tana Toraja Regency are marketing and sales activities through cooperative relationships and operating activities through processing innovations. The added value of arabica coffee obtained by UUO Agribisnis Toraja is IDR 5,907/kg of green coffee beans and Gandangbatu Coffee gets an added value of IDR 25,729/kg of roasted or ground coffee. The added value obtained was significantly different in the processing of arabica coffee with the dry method and the wet method using the raw material in the form of cherry coffee.


How do the authors estimate the reliability of the anomalies, especially the studies on the same parameter but with the different anomaly occurring time? About the published papers, their studied time scale are not the same, for some with much longer time than years, for some only a few days before the earthquakes that did not mean without long time anomaly in that parameter. According to the statistical study of De Santis, the ionospheric disturbances were also occurred in a quite longer time during the earthquake preparation phase. How do the authors consider them in a same time scale when their studied time period is not same, is it suitable? Response: Thanks for your insightful questions. First of all, we need to state that we are not denying or questioning existing research results. All experts and scholars in different fields have their own principles, methods and evaluation criteria. In our study, in addition to the spatio-temporal characteristics of abnormal parameters, we pay more attention to whether the parameter can be correlated with other parameters, which we believe is the basis of coupling analysis. Our study is based on a comprehensive analysis of all available results. For the anomalies of the same parameters at different times (from the same or different researchers), we first judge the correlation between them and the earthquake from the spatial location and occurrence time of the anomalies. If all the anomalies at different times pass the preliminary judgment, then more rigorous screening needs to be carried out, that is, using the related parameters of other geospheres to make further judgement. In the case of ionospheric anomalies, some anomalies are found to occur much long before the earthquake, such as a month, while others occur days or hours before the earthquake. It is generally believed that ionospheric anomalies are produced by the upward transmission of electro-magnetic signals, generated by the crustal stress filed alteration, to the ionosphere during which the anomalies of the middle geospheres may be aroused and appear before the ionospheric anomalies. For ionospheric anomalies appeared long before an earthquake, it is difficult to find relevant anomalies in coversphere and atmosphere to form a necessary chain with LCAI, but the ionospheric anomalies impending the earthquake can be. This is our logic for picking potential seismic anomalies for systematic analysis, especially the ionospheric anomalies, appeared at different times.


Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is extended to model swarm robots for search on the gas outburst spot in coal mines. The fusion of intermittent cry-for-help, periodic RF wave and continuous gas is employed to guide robots to approach victim. We introduce detecting-success binary logic and sensing event into describing the sense process. Based on statistical properties, detecting range, localization type and estimate precision of signals, the decision sensor is determined with information entropy. When gas is chosen, we control swarm with extended PSO model; while either RF wave or cry is selected, we estimate target location with received signal strength indicator method and modify the model on-line. Finally, simulation is conducted in closed signal propagation environment, set with models of indoor acoustic energy decay, log-normal radio waves and Gaussian plume. The results indicate the validity of the fusion method and control strategy presented.


(Papauer) No. 41,8 is not of a hybrid nature like O1O2O3B, but pro bably an amphidiploid derived from a hybrid between P bracteata and an unknown Papaver having 7 haploid chromosomes. A further study of the relationship between this plant and P bracteata was made in the F, plant of No. 41,8 and P bracteata and the results were found mostly in accord with the above consideration and also some data were obtained with regard to the relationship between 2 chromosome complements in No. 41,8. The material for the present study was fixed with NAVASHIN'S fluid, the paraffin sections were stained either with HEIDENHAIN's iron-alum haematoxylin or the NEWTON'S gentian violet. All the drawings were made, by the use of camera lucida with Zeiss objective H. I. •~100, N. A. 1.3 and Ocular K. 12.


Student administration is the activity of recording students from the admission process until students graduate from school or drop out due to transfer schools or other reasons. In the administration of learners there is a process carried out by the administrator namely the activities of the beginning of the school year, during the school year and the end of the school year.


This paper presents a modular approach to differential power processing. The method combines the series differential power processing approach with the parallel differential power processing approach, allowing scalability that could not be achieved previously. The modular approach is demonstrated for photovoltaic systems. Furthermore, the ability to add groups of solar modules in series or parallel and still operate the differential power processing units to achieve maximum power point tracking is proven.


Mussel fishery takes place in Kanyakumari district from October to April. Two species of mussels, Perna indica and P. viridis are available in this region and among that P. indica is the most dominant species. Mussel fishery plays an important role in the livelihood of thousands of fisher folk. Mussel also serves as a good source of high quality protein and the fat content is also very low. In the present study, the quantity of mussels fished during two fishing seasons from 2010 to 2012 in ten coastal villages of Kanyakumari district were estimated. Mussel fishing was high in Enayam coastal area with 293.13 tons in 2010-2011 and 279.19 tons in 2011-2012 fishing season followed by Kadiapatinam with 256.88 tons in 2010-2011 and 252.25 tons in 2011-2012. The annual catch of mussels in Kanyakumari district was 1227.93 tons and 1131.75 tons during the fishing seasons of 2010-2011 and 2011-2012 respectively. Prices of the mussels have increased from Rs 3-10 /100 mussels to Rs. 100-200/100 mussels. The harvested mussels were transported by head load, trucks and auto rickshaws for marketing.


An analytical study was conducted based on immunoaffinity column clear up, and High Performance Liquid Chromatography for purification and quantity detection of Deoxynivalenol in malting barley. With malting barley addition level from 0.10 μg/g to 2.00 μg/g, recoveries of Deoxynivalenol from malting barley spiked ranged from 92.04%~97.29%, and relative standard deviation was between 0.92% and 2.67%. The limit of detection was 0.01 μg/g. Of the total samples that contained DON, concentration ranged from 0.0123 to 0.0926 μg/g. A higher level of DON was found in the malting barely from Jiangzhe, Yunnan and Northeast.


Oral cancer is the most dangerous and fast-spreading cancer in the world with the least survival rate. Oral cancer appears in and around the mouth. Of the oral epithelial carcinoma, cancer that occurs in the lip has the lowest mortality rate and tongue cancer has the highest mortality rate. Early-stage identification and treatment of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma is the most important aspect to avoid or reduce the rate of mortality. For early detection, other than physical examinations, various imaging techniques are available such as histopathological imaging, biomedical imaging, Ultrasound, MRI, CT, and Confocal scanning techniques. Multiclass classification is a major role in a real-world application. Tumor, Node and Metastasis are the most important aspect in the staging of oral cancer. Artificial Neural Networks and Machine Learning Techniques work much more effectively to provide better accuracy in medical image classification. For the classification of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma images and non-cancerous images, it is tested with three different networks viz Backpropagation network (BPN), Radial Basis Function network (RBF) and Chebyshev neural network. Dimensionality reduction has been done using Principal Component Analysis and explained using a variance plot. The r-square coefficient, which gauges how well the data fit the regression line, shows that, when compared to raw data, the PCA components boost the data's dependability. Of these BPN works well in the Epithelial carcinoma histopathological image classification when compared with RBF and Chebyshev network.


ABSTRACT The purpose of this article is to reconsider the concept of progress in the context of educational colonialism in Bangladesh. It attempts to interpret contemporary conditions concerning progress in architectural education in light of a conceptual framework underpinned by two sets of terms borrowed from Freire, and Altbach and Kelly, and updated. Based on this framework, the research reveals historical analysis of two waves of educational colonialism in Bangladesh, supplemented by an empirical analysis of the conception of progress of a selected architecture in Bangladesh. Findings reveal that there is a considerable gap between the conception of progress held by two groups: (a) professional architects and their patrons, and (b) educators, students, and recent graduates of architecture school. This gap suggests that a knowledgeable group of talented youths, with different aspirations is emerging and it will require both a new pedagogy and mode of practice to satisfy them.


Two analytical methods, based on the difference between theoretical and empirical triglycerides and the ratios between some free and esterified sterols have been checked to determine their usefulness in detecting the presence of low quantities of any kind of hazelnut oil in olive oil. The methods were confirmed by means of internal and external validations, the latter carried out in 21 different laboratories in three inter-comparison trials. The resulting information suggests a cut-off at 8% for the method based on triglycerides and 10% for that based on the quantification of sterols. The former also shows better reliability measures in reproducibility; i.e., number of false positives, efficiency (90% vs. 82%) and Youden index (0.81 vs. 0.77).


Abstrak: People rural same have local, it is one of species livestock not RAS (BURAS). Purpose have is to increase knowladge people so that residue farm to become food livestock. Raise in ceneral do traditional that is left prowl without food and stable. Raise to can do that semi intensive or intensive. Semi intencive is left during in the day and stabled in the night, while so that intencive is stabled all day and food although drink can control. For overcome problem society in raise the so do activity mixed woof herbal to livestok . This Acitivity do in kelurahan Ujung, kecamatan Lilirilau, kabupaten Soppeng South Sulawes. The target this activity are increase scale ownership, can exploited a material local as woof livestock and surface this activity are increase knowladge and income sociaty.
Keyword: woof herbal, chicken local.


With growing evidence that human disease is affected by the microbiota, many researchers have sought to modulate the microbiomes of mice to improve translational research. Altering their microbiomes, which are usually germ-free or specific pathogen-free, might allow mice to more accurately model human disease and hence produce more applicable findings. However, this has been difficult to apply to individual projects due to the disparity of explained methods and results. In this review, we first describe the immunological functions of the gut microbiota and the methods of altering mice microbiota, from transplantation route to age of transplantation to microbiota source. We then present an approach for how the gut microbiota might be considered when modelling human disease in mice. By organizing findings by type of disease - neurological, immunological, chronic inflammatory, and cancer - we propose that mouse models can be improved by considering the source of the microbiota, the presence or absence of certain microbial phyla, and by timing the transplantation during a physiologically relevant stage of development, such as the first five weeks of life.


The present invention belongs to the field of biotechnology, relates to a Lactobacillus acidophilus (Lactobacillus acidophilus) and feed additives and premixes applied thereto. Lactobacillus acidophilus strong resistance of the present invention, can be tolerated artificial gastric juice, artificial bile salts, so after the gastrointestinal tract, to ensure that a large number of live bacteria into the intestines of animals can successfully play the probiotic in the intestinal tract function, improve animal immunity, reduce farming costs. Lactobacillus acidophilus culture and the present invention is subjected to high density fermentation and protective agent added, the resulting product lactobacillus acidophilus high content, can be added as feed additives to biological breeding animals drinking water or feed, may be prepared premixes and other feed, decreasing the addition of antibiotics to really improve gut health, enhance animal immunity, increase animal performance. CGMCC No.5093 20110726


SUMMARY A gelatin nanocarrier system was developed to encapsulate and deliver STAT-6 siRNA (S6S) to Th-2 cells to alleviate asthma. This biocompatible gelatin polymer based nanoparticle (GNC) approach provided improved stability and enhanced potency of S6S. INTRODUCTION Asthma is a complex disease that requires long-term and multifaceted treatments. Existing treatment options, such as anti-histamines or steroids are nonspecific, fail to prove successful control of one's symptoms, and often produce undesirable adverse effects 1 . A recent national asthma survey found that asthma healthcare is suboptimal and that the disease remains poorly controlled 2 . This prompts a need for a more targeted approach for mitigating atopic, or allergic, asthma processes. Signal transducer and activator of transcription factor 6 (STAT-6) drives T helper 2 (Th2) allergic asthma and the up-regulation of STAT-6 in the airways are associated with severe cases of asthma 3,4 . Therefore, it is hypothesized that the targeted delivery of STAT-6 small interfering RNA (S6S) using a parenteral cationic gelatin nanocarrier (GNCa) will selectively down regulate STAT6 expression and thereby produce Th2 response inhibition and lead to reduced symptoms of allergic asthma. As a result, the proposed studies will have significant impact in the area of effective siRNA delivery for the treatment of asthma. Nanocarriers (NC) have generated strong attention for siRNA delivery owing to their ability to overcome issues relating to siRNA delivery 5,6 . An ideal delivery system must be biocompatible, biodegradable, and sitespecific, while both avoiding siRNA degradation and evading uptake by normal cells 6 . Gelatin is a biodegradable and biocompatible natural polymer that is approved by the FDA for IV administration. These benefits, along with non-toxicity, ease of chemical modifications and cross-linking capacities, make it a desirable non-viral vector. The goals of this study are to formulate S6S loaded GNC (S6S-GNCa) and evaluate in-vitro STAT-6 silencing by the STAT-6 siRNA-GNC and downstream marker expression. The long term objective of this project is to develop S6S-GNC for the effective treatment of asthma. EXPERIMENTAL METHODS Stat-6 loaded gelatin nanocarriers (S6S-GNCa) was prepared by the two-step desolvation method employing 3 3 factorial design using different dependent and independent variables. Dependent variables were particle size, zeta potential, and entrapment efficiency while concentration of gelatin (0.5, 1, 1.5 %w/v), total volume of non-solvent (70, 80, 90 %v/v) and genipin crosslinking amount (0.2, 0.7, 1.0 % weight genipin to gelatin) were evaluated as independent variables. An example preparation is as follows: The high-molecular weight fraction was prepared by the classical 2-step desolvation technique, where 5% (w/v) gelatin type "A" was first desolvated with an equal volume of acetone for 12 minutes under gentle stirring. After 12 minutes, the supernatant, which contained the low molecular weight gelatin fraction, water, and acetone was decanted and discarded. The high-molecular weight fraction sediment was allowed to dry and underwent mass reconciliation. Using the mass, a certain amount of water was added to re-dissolve the HMW gelatin to a 1% (w/v) solution at 50°C under gentle stirring. When the gelatin solution became homogeneous and transparent, the temperature of the solution was reduced to 35°C and STAT-6 siRNA was added and allowed to incubate for 10 min with gentle stirring. A second desolvation step commenced, where ethanol was added drop wise at a rate of 1 ml/min under a constant stirring rate of 600 rpm. Two minutes after the ethanol addition ended, varying levels of genipin was added drop wise at a rate of 0.2 ml/min to crosslink the nanocarriers. The formulation was stirred at a rate of 600 rpm for another 55 min and then 5 ml ddi H2O was added and the stir rate was reduced to 200 rpm until ethanol completely evaporated. In total, 27 S6S-GNC batches were prepared. The nanoformulation was characterized exhaustively for loading efficiency, size, charge, release kinetics, stability and cytotoxicity performance. The size and charge of S6S-GNC was measured using NICOMP 380 ZLS, USA. Entrapment efficiency was determined by measuring free STAT-6 siRNA using RNA analysis method (BioSpec Nano, USA). In vitro release studies were performed using cellulose membrane (MW cut off 50 KDa) and PBS (pH 7.4) as dissolution medium to evaluate release pattern. The stability of S6S-GNC was assessed under conditions of varying pH and serum level to determine the stability of developed formulation. The S6S-GNC was incubated in a phosphate buffer (pH 6.4, 7.4 and 8.4) to assess the influence of pH on charge and size of the GNC. Additionally, the stability was also accessed using agarose gel electrophoretic mobility assay. The in-vitro cytotoxicity of the optimized S6S-GNC and appropriate controls was evaluated against H460 and A549 lung cancer cells following MTT cytotoxicity assay. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The hydrophilic nature of anionic S6S and cationic gelatin will help to achieve electrostatic interaction and the desired incorporation of the S6S within the GNC. The developed formulation contained ≈10,000 GNC/ml, and the average particle size and surface charge was observed to be 69.6±6.5 nm and +10±1.5 mV, respectively. The optimized S6S-GNC formulations showed an encapsulation efficiency of 85±4%. S6S-GNC showed an insignificant (p<0.05) change in the size and charge in the presence of buffer solutions (pH 6.4 to 8.4) and FBS (10% v/v) as shown in Figure 1. In-vitro dissolution testing of the S6S-GNC exhibited a controlled release. Figure 1. Stability study. Size and charge stability of S6S-GNC in pH buffer solutions after incubation for 30 min at 37°C. A549 cells were treated with native S6S, S6Slipofectamine, placebo GNC and S6S-GNC using untreated cells as a control. It was observed that % cell viability was decreased significantly with S6S-GNC by 55±4 % (p<0.001) compared to native S6S (2±0.5%) and S6S-lipofectamine (40±3 %), as seen in Figure 2. Placebo GNC treatment showed >97% viability of cells demonstrating non-toxicity and safety of GNC formulation. Figure 2. Cytotoxicity Study. Cell viability of A549 cells: S6S concentration: 30 nM. Given these cytotoxicity results, it is evident that our formulation is effectively delivering the STAT-6 siRNA to the cancer cells. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the effectiveness of S6S-GNC within T lymphocytes and T helper 2 cells. We plan to develop a targeted T cell targeting antibody conjugated to S6S-GNC which will deliver the effective amounts of S6S to T immune cells via mediated endocytosis to silence the STAT6 and thereby alleviate asthma. CONCLUSION A STAT-6 siRNA loaded gelatin nanocarrier was developed using the 2-step desolvation technique and genipin as a crosslinker. Our results demonstrate the formulation of stable and function siRNA loaded superior GNC (S6S-GNC). Hence, the utility of the gelatin nanocarrier approach for enhanced therapeutic siRNA delivery was confirmed from this study. Therefore, the STAT-6 siRNA delivery via the gelatin nanocarrier delivery system has the potential for improving targeting and minimizing off-target effects, especially through the use of surface modification, such as targeting ligands. We are further investigating the efficacy of S6S-GNC on gene silencing and protein expression against mouse T lymphocytes and T helper 2 cells. REFERENCES 1. Global Initiative for Asthma. Available from: http://www.ginasthma.com. 2. Barnes, P.J. New therapies for asthma:is there any progress? Trends Pharmacol Sci., 2010, 31, ed England: 2010 Elsevier Ltd, 2010, pp 335-43. 3. Scheinman, E.J., Anvi, O. Transcriptional regulation of GATA3 in T helper cells by the integrated activities of transcription factors downstream of the interleukin-4 receptor and T cell receptor. J Biol Chem 2009, 284, 3037-48. 4. Maneechotesuwan, K., Xin, Y., Ito, K., Jazrawi, E., Lee, K.Y., Usmani, O.S. et al. Regulation of Th2 cytokine genes by p38 MAPK-mediated phosphorylation of GATA-3. J Immunol 2007, 178, 2491-8. 5. Rayahin, J.E., Burhman, J.S., Gemeinhart, R.A. Hybrid nanocrystals: University of Kentucky US 2006/0280680A1. Expert Opin Ther Patents. 2012; 22(3):341-348. 6. Glebova, K.V., Marakhonov, A.V., Baranova, A.V., Skoblov,M.I. Therapeutic siRNA and non-viral systems for their delivery. Mol Biol (Mosk). 2012,


AbstracL The goal of this paper is to give a summary of methods of the rigorous multichannel Coulomb scattering theory and to formulate consistent approximations for the Coulomb wave functions and the Coulomb scattering amplitudes, in particular, for the (e,2e) reactions.


It is presented the identity conclusion method of C-R fuzzy model and the nonlinear predictive control of C-R fuzzy model. C-R fuzzy model抯 dynamic specialty analysis of nonlinear predictive control is given in this paper,and on the basis of that, a stability theory of C-R fuzzy model's nonlinear predictive control is derived. It will be helpful for analyzing nonlinear predictive control.


Three isolations of entomopathogen fungus Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschinikoff) Sorokin and one of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin from west Mexico were evaluated for their potential as biological control agents against white grub third instar larvae Phyllophaga crinita (Burm.) (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae), a very important root pest from the economical point of view. The evaluated fungus isolations belong to the National Biological Control Reference Center Collection (CNRCB-DGSV-SAGARPA). The isolation M. anisopliae M 498 showed the highest virulence level after 30 days of inoculation, followed by M 492, that showed similar behavior to that of B. bassiana Bb 50, and the less virulent was M 493. All isolations were evaluated at 2x10 8 conidia per gram of medium. Treatments were statistically different in comparison to control, and they were capable to grow, produce spores, and produce mycosis, demonstrating their capacity to cause an epizooty. Most virulent isolation showing the highest potential as biological control agent against white grub P. crinita third stadium larvae was M 498 from Jalisco, Mexico, isolated from larvae of the same genus.


The goal of the paper is to give an analytic proof of the formula of G. Farkas for the divisor class of spinors with multiple zeros in the moduli space of odd spin curves. We make use of the technique developed by Korotkin and Zograf that is based on properties of the Bergman tau function. We also show how the Farkas formula for the {\it theta-null} in the rational Picard group of the moduli space of even spin curves can be derived from classical theory of theta functions.


Graphical Abstract Section Synth. Commun. 2006, 36, 2413 OXIDATIVE COUPLING REACTION OF N, N‐DIALKYLANILINES WITH CERIUM(IV) AMMONIUM NITRATE IN THE SOLID STATE Xianghua Yang, Chanjuan Xi, and Yanfeng Jiang Key Laboratory for Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China Synth. Commun. 2006, 36, 2421 DECOMPOSITION OF SODIUM TRICHLOROACETATE IN THE PRESENCE OF QUATERNARY AMMONIUM UNDER MICROWAVE IRRADIATION: A CONVEnIENT ONE‐POT SYNTHESIS OF α‐HYDROXY ACIDS IN WATER Haitao Yu, Yun Fang, Yongmei Xia, and Jing Wu School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Southern Yangtze University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China A facile route to the preparation of a variety α‐hydroxy acids in good purity and yields using microwave irradiation. Synth. Commun. 2006, 36, 2427 COPPER(II) TRIFLATE–MEDIATED ADDITION REACTION OF α‐OXYGENATED ALKYLSILANES TO IMINES FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF VICINAL‐AMINO ALCOHOLS Hirotaka Kagoshima and Kohtaro Yonezawa Center for Instrumental Analysis, Ibaraki University, Mito, Japan Synth. Commun. 2006, 36, 2433 D,L‐α‐TOCOPHEROL SYNTHESIS CATALYZED BY THE BRØNSTED ACIDIC IONIC LIQUIDS Huabing Xing, Tao Wang, Zhenhuan Zhou, and Youyuan Dai State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China Synthesis of D,L‐α‐tocopherol 3 via condensation reaction of trimethylhydroquinone 1 and isophytol 2. Advantages: (1) green, recyclable and efficient catalyst; (2) high yield; (3) easy product separation by decantation. Synth. Commun. 2006, 36, 2441 UNEXPECTED FORMATION OF BICYCLIC CYCLOPROPANE LACTAM AND PYRIDONE FROM THE REACTION OF cis‐2‐ARYL‐1‐CARBOMETHOXY‐3,3‐DICYNOCYLOPROPANE WITH PRIMARY ALIPHATIC AMINE VIA ISOMERIZATION AND REARRANGEMENT Zhongjiao Ren,1 Weiguo Cao,1,2 Sihui Wang,1 Yun Wang,1 and Yeying Lu1 1Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China 2State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China The novel process for preparation of fused bicyclic cyclopropane lactams and multisubstituted pyridones was described. Synth. Commun. 2006, 36, 2453 ONE‐POT SYNTHESIS OF 2‐ACYLIMINO‐3‐ARYL‐THIAZOLINE DERIVATIVES IN AQUEOUS MEDIA Xicun Wang, Fang Wang, Zhengjun Quan, Zhang Zhang, and Mangang Wang Gansu Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China A one‐pot, two‐step synthesis for acyliminothiazolines by treated N,N′‐substituted thioureas with α‐bromocarbonyl compounds under aqueous media was described. Synth. Commun. 2006, 36, 2461 SIMPLE AND EFFICIENT ONE‐POT SYNTHESIS OF 2,4‐DIARYL‐1,2,3‐TRIAZOLES Wen‐jie Tang and Yong‐zhou Hu Zhejiang University‐Ecole Normale Superieure Joint Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China A general and efficient method for the preparation of 2,4‐diaryl‐1,2,3‐triazoles from α‐hydroxyacetophenones and phenylhydrazines is reported. The essential characteristics of this method include mild reaction conditions, a straightforward workup procedure, and comparatively higher yields. Synth. Commun. 2006, 36, 2469 CHEMOSELECTIVE REDUCTION OF ALDEHYDES USING DECABORANE IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION Seung Hwan Lee,1 Mi Hye Nam,1 Min Young Cho,1 Byung Woo Yoo,2 Hak June Rhee,3 and Cheol Min Yoon2 1Graduate School of Biotechnology, Korea University, South Korea 2Department of New Material Chemistry, Korea University, South Korea 3College of Science and Technology, Hanyang University, South Korea Cheomoselective reduction of aldehyde using decaborane as a mild reducing agent in water and a drop of THF proceeded smoothly to afford the corresponding alcohols in good to high yields. Synth. Commun. 2006, 36, 2475 STUDIES ON THE ALLYLATION REACTIONS OF ALDEHYDES AND KETONES WITH LANTHANUM IN WATER Yan‐Jiang Bian,1 Jian‐Qiang Zhang,1 Jin‐Ping Xia,1 and Ji‐Tai Li2 1Department of Chemistry, Langfang Normal College, Hebei, Langfang, China 2College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, China The allylation reactions of aldehydes and ketones were carried out in 25%–98% (or 29%–96%) yield with La‐SnCl2/H2O under ultrasound irradiation (or stirring) at rt for 1 h (or 4 h). Synth. Commun. 2006, 36, 2483 RESEARCH ON THE CYANOSILYLATION OF PROCHIRAL ALDEHYDES CATALYZED BY ALKYLDIMETHOXYL SILYLENE–BRIDGED LANTHANIDE COMPLEXES Luo Mei,1 KeYu Ping,2 Li Xiao Xuan,1 Yin Hao,3 Hu Ke Liang,3 and Jiang Ying1 1Hefei University of Technology, Department of Chemistry, Engineering, Hefei, China 2Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology, Hebei, China 3Structure Research Laboratory, University of Science and Technology, Hebei, China A series of novel silylene‐bridged Ln‐O rare earth complexes are very efficient Lewis acidic catalysts in cyanosilylation of aldehydes, giving some cyano trimethylsilyl ethers of aldehydes >99% yields. Synth. Commun. 2006, 36, 2491 AZA–BAYLIS–HILLMAN REACTION OF N‐TOSYLATED IMINES WITH ACRYLAMIDE OR N‐ARYLACRYLAMIDE Zhengang Wu, Guofu Zhou, Jieyu Zhou, and Wei Guo School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China Acrylamide or N‐arylacrylamide could undergo aza–Baylis–Hillman addition reaction with N‐tosylated imines with phenol as additive and DABCO as catalyst in the absence of solvent. Synth. Commun. 2006, 36, 2503 EFFICIENT AND RECYCLABLE REACTION SYSTEM FOR THE HOMOCOUPLING OF TERMINAL ACETYLENES Xiaoling Lu, Yuhong Zhang, Chengcai Luo, and Yanguang Wang Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China Synth. Commun. 2006, 36, 2513 STUDIES ON THE LANTHANUM‐INDUCED PINACOL COUPLING OF AROMATIC ALDEHYDES AND KETONES IN AQUEOUS MEDIA Yan‐Jiang Bian, Xu‐Guang Yu, Hong‐Wei Peng, and Ji‐Tai Li The pinacol coupling of aromatic aldehydes and ketones was carried out in 16–71% yield using La–36%HAc–CH2Cl2 system with stirring at rt in 4 h. The reactions in the same system gave pinacols in 12–91% yield under ultrasound irradiation at rt in 2 h. Synth. Commun. 2006, 36, 2519 HYDROTHERMAL SYNTHESES OF SOME DERIVATIVES OF TETRAAZATRIPHENYLENE Guangbo Che,1,2 Wenlian Li,1 Zhiguo Kong,1,2 Zisheng Su,1,2 Bei Chu,1 Bin Li,1 Zhiqiang Zhang,3 Zhizhi Hu,3 and Haijun Chi,3 1Key Laboratory of the Excited States Process, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China 2Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China 3Organic Photoelectronic Material Research and Development Center, Anshan University of Science and Technology, Liaoning, China The hydrothermal synthetic of the ligands was conducted by a condensation of 1,10‐phenanthroline‐5,6‐dione and 1,2‐diamine in a mixed solution of H2O and 95% ethanol, heated at 180 °C for 1 day in a sealed Teflown–lined stainless steel vessel under autogenous pressure. Synth. Commun. 2006, 36, 2525 EFFICIENT SYNTHESIS OF PYRIDYLACRYLONITRILES VIA THE HECK REACTION Kui Mei,1 Junbo Wang,2 and Xianming Hu1 1College of Pharmacy, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China 2Sundia Meditech Company Ltd., Shanghai, China Pyridylacrylonitriles were synthesized from bromopyridines via Heck reaction. The optimized process is efficient and practical. Synth. Commun. 2006, 36, 2533 SYNTHESIS of 1,2,4‐TRIAZINEDIONES, 1,2,4,3‐TRIAZAPHOSPHOLINES, AND 1,2,4,3‐TRIAZAPHOSPHOLINE‐3‐OXIDES DERIVATIVES Mohamed Kossentini, Mongi Ben Mosbah, Hanen Chouaieb, and Mansour Salem Laboratorie de Chimie appliquée: Hétérocycles, Corps Gras et Polyères Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, Tunisia Synth. Commun. 2006, 36, 2543 FACILE AND EFFICIENT ONE‐POT PROTOCOL FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF BENZOXAZOLE AND BENZOTHIAZOLE DERIVATIVES USING MOLECULAR IODINE AS CATALYST Firouz Matloubi Moghaddam, Ghasem Rezanejade Bardajee, Hossein Ismaili, and Seyedeh Maryam Dokht Taimoory Sharif University of Technology, Department of Chemistry, Tehran, Iran Synth. Commun. 2006, 36, 2549 NOVEL, EFFICIENT, AND GREEN PROCEDURE FOR THE KNOEVENAGEL CONDENSATION CATALYZED BY DIAMMONIUM HYDROGEN PHOSPHATE IN WATER Saeed Balalaie,1 Morteza Bararjanian,1 Shohreh Hekmat,2 and Peyman Salehi3 1Department of Chemistry, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran 2Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Iran 3Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Evin, Tehran, Iran Synth. Commun. 2006, 36, 2559 IMPROVED PROCEDURE FOR THE PREPARATION OF CIS‐2,4‐DIMETHYLGLUTARANHYDRIDE Radomir N. Saicic Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles–Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Gif sur Yvette, France, and Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia and Montenegro Synth. Commun. 2006, 36, 2563 OXIDATION OF BENZYLIC ALCOHOLS TO THEIR CORRESPONDING CARBONYL COMPOUNDS USING KIO4 IN IONIC LIQUID BY MICROWAVE IRRADIATION Abdol Reza Hajipour,1 Fatemeh Rafiee,1 and Arnold E. Ruoho2 1Pharmaceutical Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran 2Department of Pharmacology, University of Wisconsin Medical School, Madison, WI, USA


It is a sign of maturity for any given engineering discipline when we can name, study, and apply the patterns relevant to that domain. In civil engineering, chemical engineering, mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, and now even genomic engineering, there exist libraries of common patterns that have proven themselves useful in practice. Unfortunately, no such architectural reference yet exists for software-intensive systems. Although the patterns community has pioneered the vocabulary of design patterns through the work of the Hillside Group and the Gang of Four, our industry has no parallel to the architecture handbooks found in more mature design disciplines.Following the work of Bruce Anderson, who over a decade ago conducted a series of workshops at OOPSLA, I've begun an effort to fill this void in software engineering by codifying a the architecture of a large collection of interesting software-intensive systems, presenting them in a manner that exposes their essential patterns and that permits comparison across domains and architectural styles.In this presentation, we'll examine the nature of architectural patterns and the process of conducting architectural digs to harvest them, and then examine a few of the systems studied thus far.


A study was conducted in the postharvest laboratory of the Federal College of Horticulture Dadinkowa, Gombe State, Nigeria, to investigate the effects of some postharvest treatments, namely; hot water treatment, gibberellic acid, ground nut oil, extracts of garlic, extracts of neem leaves, mixture of extracts of neem leaves and garlic and distilled water (control) on the storage quality of mango fruits. The experiment was laid out in a complete randomized design (CRD) replicated three times. The results indicated that all the treatments reduced weight loss, fruit diameter, fruit decay and loss in firmness. However, gibberellic acid was found to be most effective in minimizing fruit weight loss and fruit diameter when compared with other treatments. In terms of fruit decay and fruit firmness however, mixture of extracts of neem leaves and garlic (500 ml each) performed better than all other treatments throughout the storage period of 15 days. Hence, it can be concluded that application of gibberellic acid and extracts of neem leaves and garlic enhances the shelf life of mango fruits, and can maintain good fruit quality under ambient condition for up to 15 days.


Abstract Objectives Reliable dietary assessment tools for assessing nutrient intake from foods/beverages and dietary supplements (DS) are critical for population-level monitoring; yet, different tools vary in their strengths and weaknesses for assessing intake from foods/beverages, and less is known about the performance of these tools in measuring intake from DS. The Interactive Diet and Activity Tracking in AARP (IDATA) cohort study was designed to evaluate the measurement error structure of 24-hr dietary recall (24 HR) and food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) data, inclusive of DS information. The objective of the study was to compare DS data reported on 24 HRs and frequency-based questionnaires from the IDATA study among U.S. adults (aged 50–74 y; n = 795). Methods DS information was collected over 12 months among adults who participated in IDATA and completed up to 6 Automated Self-Administered 24 HRs (ASA24s; 2011 version) and 2 FFQs (i.e., Diet History Questionnaire (DHQ) II), which queried information on DS usage, frequency, and amount of DS taken. Prevalence of use by product type and estimated nutrient intakes from DS for selected nutrients (i.e., calcium, magnesium, vitamins C and D) were compared between the 2nd DHQ II and the average of ≥2 ASA24s using the kappa coefficient to quantify agreement and paired t-tests to compare mean nutrient intakes. Results The majority of U.S. adult DS users who participated in IDATA reported DS use on the DHQ (84%) and on ≥2 ASA24s (84%). Among the DS products reported on ≥2 ASA24s and the DHQ, agreement between the two methods ranged from κ = 0.06 (multivitamin) to κ = 0.70 (calcium and vitamin D), with substantial agreement present (κ ≥ 0.61) for iron, omega-3, fish oil, multivitamin-mineral, potassium, vitamin C, and vitamin E products. When evaluating differences in mean nutrient intake reported on ≥2 ASA24s and on the DHQ, no significant differences in calcium or vitamin C intake were observed; however, for vitamin D, large variation in intake was observed between the DHQ (8.3 μg/d) and ≥2 ASA24s (19.9 μg/d). Conclusions Currently, no consensus exists on the best method for measuring intake from DS. The comparability of 24 HRs and frequency-based dietary assessment methods in measuring the prevalence of use of and estimating nutrient intakes from DS varies by the nutrient of interest, and the type of DS product consumed. Funding Sources N/A.


Abstract Indene (ID) was found to copolymerize spontaneously with polar vinyl monomers containing a nitrile or ester group in the presence of ZnCb and to give rise simultaneously to its cationic homopolymer in the latter comonomer. The formation of a 1:1-charge transfer complex between ID with acrylonitrile coordi-nated to ZnCl2 ((AN)c) was confirmed by UV-spectroscopic studies and the equilibrium constant for it was estimated to be 0.121 L/mol in AN at 25°C. The overall activation energy for the copolymerization with (AN)c was obtained to be ∼9.8 kcal/mol. An increasing amount of ZnCl2 in AN resulted in increases in the copolymerization rate, viscosity, and alternating tendency of the copolymer. The addition of 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl to the System ID-(AN)c retarded the copolymerization and induced a cationic polymerization of ID. Further, terpolymers containing ∼50 mol % AN were formed spontaneously in the System ID-styrene-(AN)c. Comparing these results with the corresponding ones obtained for 1...


We determine the expected signal in various observational bands of Supernovae Ia progenitors just before the explosion by assuming the rotating Double Degenerate scenario. Our results are valid also for all the evolutionary scenarios invoking rotation as the driving mechanism of the accretion process as well as the evolution up to the explosion. We find that the observational properties depend mainly on the mass of the exploding object, even if the angular momentum evolution after the end of the mass accretion phase and before the onset of C-burning plays a non-negligible role. Just before the explosion the magnitude M_V ranges between 9 and 11 mag, while the colour (F225W-F555W) is about -1.64 mag. The photometric properties remain constant for a few decades before the explosion. During the last few months the luminosity decreases very rapidly. The corresponding decline in the optical bands varies from few hundredths up to one magnitude, the exact value depending on both the WD total mass and the braking efficiency at the end of the mass transfer. This feature is related to the exponentially increasing energy production which drives the formation of a convective core rapidly extending over a large part of the exploding object. Also a drop in the angular velocity occurs. We find that observations in the soft X band (0.5 -2 keV) may be used to check if the SNe Ia progenitors evolution up to explosion is driven by rotation and, hence, to discriminate among different progenitor scenarios.


Background: There have been few detailed transmission electron microscopic studies of the cytoskeleton of osteoclasts to date because of the high electron density of their cytoplasmic matrix, and there is a controversy concerning the presence of stress fibers in these cells.


Internet company valuation has long been considered as a big challenge due to uncertainties. In this paper, a real option analysis framework is proposed to evaluate the value of Internet companies. The proposed framework consists of four steps: strategic analysis, uncertainty analysis, option identification and option analysis. Relative to traditional valuation methods, this proposed analysis framework can investigate the underlying relationships among uncertainty, flexibility and an Internet company's value and thus provide rational valuations of Internet companies under uncertainty.


[1] By modifying mixed layer thickness, the barrier layer (BL) may have a significant impact on air–sea interactions. In the tropical Indian Ocean, thermohaline observations are lacking over most of the basin, despite a few BL observations in the Bay of Bengal and off Sumatra. A 15-yearlong model simulation is used to investigate the seasonal variations and formation mechanisms of the BL. In the eastern equatorial area, the model thermohaline structure is in close agreement with observations and simulates a realistic seasonal variability. A robust and thick BL (of more than 40 m) is observed seasonally with a maximum horizontal extent (of about 1500 km) in November. This BL corresponds to the merging of two BLs that undergo different formation mechanisms. The first is formed as the Wyrtki Jet propagates eastward, deepening the thermocline while zonally advecting a salinity subsurface maximum. At the same time, northward wind stresses induce a northward advection of a thin fresh water layer toward the equator. This combination decouples salinity from temperature, and a BL is formed. Later, as the jet penetrates further toward the fresh pool, a second BL appears off Sumatra. This one is controlled by two different mechanisms. A westward surface current trapped in the thin mixed layer off Sumatra advects fresh water from the coastal precipitation area. Then, significant upwelling associated with the westward current further raises the halocline. In situ observations confirm the realism of these simulated formation mechanisms. From year to year, the timing, thickness, and shape of the BLs follow the strong interannual variability of the Wyrtki Jet. Despite these variations, the formation mechanisms remain unchanged.


A method is presented, which allows quantification of the roughness of nonplanar boundaries of objects for which the neutral plane is not known. The method provides quantitative descriptions of both the local and global characteristics. How the method can be used to estimate the sizes of rough features and local curvatures is also presented. The potential of the method is illustrated by quantification of the roughness of two recrystallization boundaries in a pure Al specimen characterized by scanning electron microscopy.


This paper describes the simulation and test results of a family of analog and mixed signal circuits in silicon carbide CMOS technology at temperatures of 300°C and above. As SiC and wide bandgap devices in general grow in popularity for efficient and stable operation in high temperature and harsh environment applications, CMOS SiC integrated circuits can open up a new frontier of opportunity for miniaturization and system dependability. The building block circuits presented here can serve as the basis of rugged SiC system-on-chips for extreme environment applications.


Behavior of sterols and sterol acetates on various types of interfaces indicates that the function of a sterol depends upon a surface orientation and surface energy of the interface. Column-chromatographic techniques determine the retention volume of various sterols under standard conditions.


A method of injection molding a set webs / fins, characterized in that: in a first phase, the molding is performed in a first footprint and with pins (4) of the fins (1) formed with axes (3) hollow conical, materializing the rotational axes (x-x ') of the elements (1,2) is demoulded these fins, are transferred in a second imprint, is introduced into the conical recesses of the axes (3 ), pins (5,5 ') for flaring the ends (6) of these cavities, and in a second phase, is carried out the overmolding of the webs (2) around the hollow shaft (3) of the fins (1) .


ABSTRACT This paper aims to describe a new simplistic model dedicated to gauge the online influence of Twitter users based on a mixture of structural and interactional features. The model is an additive mathematical formulation which involves two main parts. The first part serves to measure the influence of the Twitter user on just his neighbourhood covering his followers. However, the second part evaluates the potential influence of the Twitter user beyond the circle of his followers. Particularly, it measures the likelihood that the tweets of the Twitter user will spread further within the social graph through the retweeting process. The model is tested on a data set involving four kinds of real-world egocentric networks. The empirical results reveal that an active ordinary user is more prominent than a non-active celebrity one. A simple comparison is conducted between the proposed model and two existing simplistic approaches. The results show that our model generates the most realistic influence scores due to its dealing with both explicit (structural and interactional) and implicit features.


Using DNA to trace people who are suspected of committing a crime is one of the biggest advances in tackling crime since fingerprinting. When DNA profiling is used wisely it can bring major benefits to society by helping to convict serious criminals including murderers. For leather, one current way to identify species consists in analysing the distribution of the hairs or wool follicles. With full grain leather, it is possible to identify different species. But the market uses lots of corrected grain leathers and leather splits. It is more difficult to identify which species they come from. In this case, DNA analysis could help to find the origin of the leather. DNA analysis on raw hides and skins do not present any technical problems. When the hides or skins are transformed into leather, the DNA is partly destroyed during the different processing steps. First results have shown that the tanning process generates inhibiting factors that destroy DNA or act as masking agent of DNA. Therefore, the aim of the project is to develop a method which certifies the origin of the species on finished leather


Understanding the complex: The decomposition reaction of a water-soluble complex (see scheme; 1) in H(2)O confirms the existence of a unique bidentate pyridinol cofactor in [Fe]-hydrogenase. This unique moiety is confirmed for the first time by the decomposition of a well-defined model complex containing a pyridinyl methyl acyl ligand.


On December 9, 2020, people in Indonesia, especially in Central Kalimantan, participated in holding regional head elections simultaneously. In the Regional Election (Pilkada) on December 9 in Kalimantan, there were 2 elections, namely the regional head election for the governor and Deputy Governor of Central Kalimantan for the period 2021-2025 and the election for the regional head of the Regent/Deputy Regent for the period 2021-2025 in East Kotawaringin Regency. The hustle and bustle of implementing the simultaneous regional elections on 9 December 2020 has differences from the previous regional head elections, this is because the implementation of the 9 December 2020 regional elections was held amid the pandemic threat of covid-19 (coronavirus disease -19). Even though it went through a long process, the pros and cons covered the election policy for the simultaneous regions, in the end, the elections were still held on December 9, 2020. Apart from Central Kalimantan, in Indonesia alone, there were around 270 regions that held simultaneous regional elections on 9 December 2020. The study in this paper wants to know how the regional head elections are held in Central Kalimantan, especially in the city of Palangka Raya. This is because Palangka Raya City has a history of the highest confirmed area of Covid-19 transmission. Besides, Palangka Raya as the capital of Central Kalimantan Province is a barometer of seeing the succession of simultaneous regional elections in Central Kalimantan. In its implementation, the Central Kalimantan Pilkada in Palangka Raya went well. The voter turnout in Palangka Raya City reached 63%. What is unique is that the regional elections in Central Kalimantan have increased participation amid a pandemic compared to the 2015 regional elections which were held in conditions without a pandemic. Even though the overall participation is below the target of the KPU RI, this increase needs to be appreciated.


This paper describes an air-cooled low-temperature Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) Power Recovery system with a screw expander as its power unit. The screw expander is specifically designed for ORC expansion and has a unique rotor profile. Manufacturing the screw expanders at a plant which already produces screw compressor hardware has resulted in reduced development time and lower development cost. Low screw expander cost has been realized by assembling the screw expanders in parallel with the higher volume screw compressors. The net electrical output power of the system's ORC screw expander varies from 5kW to 950 kWel which is an order of magnitude larger than the output power of currently available ORC screw expanders. Following the development of a 300 kWel prototype unit and its installation and successful operation at Chena Hot Springs near Fairbanks, AK, four commercial production units were developed for geothermal power production at Lightning Dock in New Mexico. All units use R245fa as refrigerant. Initial operating experience with these ORC systems will be presented.


Moments of inertia and products of inertia often need to be determined for aircraft. As complex bodies, their mass properties need to be determined experimentally for best accuracy. While several moment of inertia experimental techniques have been developed, there are few to determine the products of inertia. Products of inertia can be easily determined mathematically if the angle between the aircraft x body axis and principal x axis is known. This method finds the principal inclination angle by mathematically correlating the measured moments of inertia about a range of axes of the aircraft. This correlation uses a least squares error minimization of a mathematical model that describes the ellipse of inertia in the aircraft's x-z axes plane. Results from a test conducted on a small scale UAV at NASA Armstrong Flight Research Center is also presented, which is an example of the intended application of this technique.


In attemptjng to develop isogenic races of rabbits for experimental study of normal growth processes, it has become increasingly apparent that this species transmits an unusual number of lethal or sublethal genes which manifest themselves at various stages in the reproductive cycle. S ix major characteristics, including fertility, fecundity, lactation, maternal behavior, growth, and viability, are recognized (Sawin and Curran, 1952). The greatest expression of each of these is apparently influenced by several subsidiary factors, failure of any one of which can be a serious handicap, and of more than one may be disastrous. For example, maximum fertility is dependent upon functional gonads, viability of gametes, and normal functioning of ducts and glands. Each, however, must be matched by an equivalent relative capacity of each of the other five. Imbalances, such as high fecundity (litter size) and impaired lactation capacity, can be as detrimental as complete failure of either one. Extraneous factors, such as the age of the mother acting differentially upon any one, more than on another, even though only to a minor degree, can be of major importance, both directly and indirectly. The observations reported at this time are a part of results obtained in efforts to determine the fundamental nature of interracial variations in reproductive patterns occurring in ten different races being bred at this laboratory. They are restricted to two races, X , descended from the small-sized race of Castle (1929), and I I Ic of New Zealand White extraction, being the two upon which most information is now available. The most significant effect of the age of the mother upon the young which we have observed thus far is that upon viability, which is significantly different in these two races. In the rabbit the three major causes of mortality during growth and development are coccidiosis, pneumonia, and enteritis. The pathology of the first two of these is understood and is traceable to specific organisms which are controllable. The third, manifested by mucous discharge from the rectum, diarrhea, bloat, and, on autopsy, generalized inflammation of the bowels, has no known specific causative agent. However, as is also the case with pneumonia, it is responding to improved methods of care and management, particularly those which provide better ventilation of quarters, elimiiiation of drafts and dampness and better sanitation. In both of these the inherent resistance of the individual seems to be a major factor (Sawin and Curran, 1952). Both races have been maintained under as nearly the same environmental conditions as possible. Previously it was found that the young of race X tend to die earlier than race IIIc, but more of them actually reach maturity. It has further been found that, as shown in TABT~EES 1 and 2, the mean life span or age at death is


Objective To investigate the knowledge and practice about Kaisailu of caregivers who take care of long term bed-bound patients,and understand the status of non-medical staff using purgatives.Methods Self-designed demographic material and questionnaire were used to investigate 150 caregivers who had taken care of long term bed-bound patients of their knowledge and practice about purgatives.Results More than 60% caregivers knew little about the role,using method and side-effects of Kaisailu.Caregivers with higher education level tended to use less dosage less frequently (r =-0.293,P =0.039).Compared with hired caregivers,caregivers who were family members used less dosage less frequently (r =0.288,P =0.043) with longer interval period (r =-0.374,P =0.007).Conclusions Education and management about the knowledge and practice of purgatives for caregivers who take care of long term bed-bound patients should be more emphasized.

Key words:
Constipation;  Purgative;  Caregiver;  Long term bed-bound


As reported last year, a new solid state detector, known as Medipix, developed by a consortium of academic institutions has been evolved from a technology originally created for use at the LHC at CERN in Geneva, Switzerland. This technology is being harnessed for use as an active personal dosimeter for space radiation applications. The pixel based technology embeds the entire required readout electronics for each pixel within the pixel's 55 micron square footprint. That allows the seamless tiling of multiple arrays of detectors. Ultimate versions may be deployed that are both wireless and self-contained, as well as having a package size comparable to current passive personal dosimeters. Prospect are excellent for building them into spacesuits, which would provide ground-based real-time monitoring of the detailed doses being taken by crew members during such high-risk periods as EVAs. These dosimeters could also be used as active area monitors in a variety of both space and ground-based applications. An advanced version of this technology, known as TimePix, that effectively incorporates a pixel-by-pixel Analog to Digital Conversion (ADC) capability has recently become available, and we anticipate that a report of initial accelerator tests of the capability of this version will be reported at the conference, although those results are not available at the time of the submission of this paper.


In this contribution, we present a new mean-field model for microstructuresensitive predictions of effective stress–strain responses in composite materials. The model is developed for composites with a wide range of combinations of strain hardening laws and topologies of the constituents. The theoretical foundation of the model is inspired by statistical continuum theories, leveraged by mean-field approximation of self-consistent models, and calibrated to data obtained from micromechanical finite element simulations. The model also relies on newly formulated data-driven linkages between micromechanical responses (phase-average strain rates and effective strength) and microstructure as well as strength contrast of the constituents. The paper describes in detail the theoretical development of the model, its implementation into an efficient computational plasticity framework, calibration of the linkages, and demonstration of the model predictions on two-phase composites with isotropic constituents exhibiting linear and power-law strain hardening laws. It is shown that the model reproduces finite element results reasonably well with significant savings of the computational cost. ∗Corresponding author Email addresses: firstname.lastname@example.com (Marat I. Latypov), email@example.com (Laszlo S. Toth), firstname.lastname@example.com (Surya R. Kalidindi ) Preprint submitted to Elsevier September 21, 2018 ar X iv :1 80 9. 07 48 4v 1 [ co nd -m at .m tr lsc i] 2 0 Se p 20 18


A uniform linear monochromatic soft X-ray source is created by combining a X-ray pinhole transmission grating spectrometer with a uniform line-fooused laser produced plasma. As an application of such X-ray source, a new method is described for calibration of X-ray photographic film that the response of film density versus relative exposure is provided by a step wedge filter foil of known thickness and transmissivity at a given wavelength. Based on this method, the 5F X-ray film is calibrated for the first time in the soft X-ray rogion.


Lucy de Groot has been the Executive Director of the Improvement and Development Agency (IDeA) since September 2003. Prior to this she was Director of Public Services in HM Treasury, responsible for major areas of public expenditure, as well as the delivery of public service agreements and a range of strategic policies. She was an associate director for the Audit Commission's Best Value Inspectorate in 2000 and prior to that was the Chief Executive of Bristol City Council for five years. She has also worked for the London Boroughs of Lewisham and Hackney, the Association of London Authorities and the Deputy Leader of the GLC, as well as in a variety of roles in the community and not-for-profit sector.