Objective To determine the relationship between total serum homocysteine (tHcy) level and cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetic patients, and to analyze the factors that influence cognitive function. Methods According to the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score, type 2 diabetic patients were divided into two groups, one group including 30 cases with cognitive impairment, the other one with 32 patients with non-cognitive impairment; and 30 normal participants in the study as the control group. Serum total homocysteine (tHcy) was measured by Protein-specific immune analyzer nephelometry in all subjects. HbA1C, blood lipids, uric acid, fibrinogen, urinary albumin of 24 hours, and other biochemical indicators were measured in all subjects. Results The serum tHcy level of the group with cognitive impairment was significantly higher than that in both of the group with non-cognitive impairment (P0.05) and that of the normal control group (P0.01). MMSE score of patients with type 2 diabetes negativly correlated with age, the duration of diabetes, HbA1c, body mass index, and serum levels of tHcy (r=-0.315, -0.384, -0.276, -0.282, -0.309, all P0.05). Conclusion Increased serum tHcy level may be an important risk factor for cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetic patients. It was suggested that tHcy may be involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic encephalopathy.


In the above titled paper (ibid., vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 283-298, Feb 08), two figures were misprinted. The correct figures are presented here.


Abstract: Organs transplanted from pigs to primates are subject to hyperacute rejection. This immunologic reaction is initiated by the recipient's natural antibodies that bind to endothelial cell antigens of the organ, resulting in the activation of the complement system and rapid destruction of the graft. Various lines of evidence, particularly blocking studies, using purified carbohydrates have suggested that the endothelial cell determinant recognized by human natural antibodies is a terminal galactose in an α configuration (α‐Gal). Although these studies are compelling, they fall short of proof because xenoreactive natural antibodies, being polyreactive, might bind to structures other than those used for blocking. Moreover, in vivo evidence that anti‐α‐Gal antibodies participate in hyperacute rejection has not been reported. Here we report that an enzyme specific for α‐Gal, α‐galactosidase, removes α‐galactose residues from both intact porcine aortic endothelial cells and immobilized porcine aortic endothelial cell membrane extracts and that as a result of this, xenoreactive natural antibody binding is lowered by 70 to 80%. This decrease in binding of human IgM causes a corresponding decrease in complement activation. Similar results were obtained using the sera of other Old World primates. Digestion of immobilized porcine aortic endothelial cell membrane extracts with α‐galactosidase produced a similar reduction in human IgM binding to gp 115/135. These results indicate that a terminal α‐galactose is an important component of the gp 115/135 porcine endothelial cell antigen. We also report that perfusion of porcine organs I with primate serum removes anti‐α‐Gal IgM from the serum.


This paper examines different approaches tounder standing the typology of political consulting. The article outlines national model of political advice and typesof subject sexpose dinternal and external political consulting. It  has  been  defined a specific character of professional political consultants in the world and considered a rangeo ffunctions of political consultationin policy.


OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to study the short-term effect of maternal cocaine abuse on blood flow of the fatal kidney and the fetal hourly urine output. STUDY DESlGN: Thirty-three pregnant patients of various gestational ages with a history of cocaine abuse were studied. Patients were included if the urine specimen was positive for cocaine on the day of study. Patients were excluded if the urine specimen was positive for any other vasoactive substances or medications. Color and pulsed wave Doppler studies were used to obtain the flow velocity waveform of the fetal renal artery. The resistance index was calculated from systolic and diastolic values of flow velocity waveforms, Longitudinal, transverse, and anteroposterior diameters of the fetal urinary bladder were measured from transverse and coronal images at their maximum diameters, and the bladder volume was calculated. The hourly urine output of the fetus was measured from the difference in the bladder volume at half-hour intervals. As controls, 110 normal pregnancies between 19 and 40 weeks were similarly studied for normal values. The resistance index of the fetal renal artery and the hourly fetal urine output of the two groups were compared. RESULTS: The resistance index of the fetal renal artery of normal pregnancies had a negative association with gastational age (p < 0.05). Cocaine-exposed fetuses had a significantly higher resistance index of the renal artery (p < 0.01) than did normal fetuses of corresponding gestational ages. A decrease in the hourly urine output of cocaine-exposed fetuses was observec[, compared with normal controls of corresponding gestational ages (p < 0,001). CONCLUSION: The resistance index values of fatal renal artery and fetal urine output were affected by maternal cocaine abuse. (AM J OBSTET GYNECOL 1994; 171:1556-9.)


The article is devoted to the study of the determinants of the formation of agri-food chains in the households of Ukraine and the substantiation of the directions of their integration into competitive supply chains. It is argued that the developments in both scientific and practical aspects of creating conditions and prerequisites for the integration of PF in the competitiveness of the supply chain and increasing value added at each level of its participants are relevant.
It is highlighted that local supply chains in foreign practice are considered as tools for generating income of the rural population, the implementation of the principles of sustainable development of rural areas, as well as considered as short, local and "smart chains". It is substantiated that it is the promotion of the development of local agricultural chains with the involvement of PF in domestic practice that will contribute to the sustainable development of rural areas, ensuring food security of the country.
It is argued that in order to create preconditions and conditions for the development of rural households for crop production, it is necessary to develop measures to streamline sales channels and include them in competitive supply chains. It is established that a significant part of agricultural products grown by households is used for self-sufficiency of the family, feed for farm animals and poultry, and surplus products, especially in remote rural areas, are lost due to spoilage and unclaimed.
It is clear that the informal relationship between the distribution and exchange of crop products produced in PF is not a tool to maximize the profits of their members. and, therefore, it is advisable to create favorable economic conditions for their inclusion in the supply chain of agricultural production. The characteristic properties of commodity parties, PF are systematized, namely: small volumes of production, low technological standards, limited production resources, which limits the opportunities to use the potential opportunities to return capital on a scale. It was found that a certain part of the grown crop products is sold by PF through a network of retail food markets, the sale of fruits and vegetables and potatoes is carried out through retail organizations, wholesale markets for agricultural products and trade intermediaries. Measures are proposed to integrate PF into value chains on the basis of creating a network of regional wholesale and distribution centers and organizing units for purchasing surplus agricultural products, deepening the development of agricultural cooperation.
Key words: agricultural sector, employment, rural households, small farmers, competitive supply chains.


The use of an injected neutral beam—either a dedicated diagnostic beam or the main heating beams—to localize and enhance plasma spectroscopic measurements can be exploited for a number of key physics issues in magnetic confinement fusion research, yielding detailed profile information on thermal and fast ion parameters, the radial electric field, plasma current density, and turbulent transport. The ability to make these measurements has played a significant role in much of our recent progress in the scientific understanding of fusion plasmas. The measurements can utilize emission from excited state transitions either from plasma ions or from the beam atoms themselves. The primary requirement is that the beam "probe" interacts with the plasma in a known fashion. Advantages of active spectroscopy include high spatial resolution due to the enhanced localization of the emission and the use of appropriate imaging optics, background rejection through the appropriate modulation and timing of the beam and emissio...


Locally Markov approximation is used to find the dispersion of a quasi-probability estimate of the repetition period for a randomized pulse carrier, against the background of white noise.


In the summer seasons of 2004–2005, the primary productivity of phytoplankton was surveyed in the pelagic zone of Lake Krasne that had been a part of the Wieprz-Krzna Canal melioration system for over 30 years, and has been disconnected since 2000. Earlier, the lake was classified in the mesotrophic type. The gross primary production was measured by means of the oxygen method, while chlorophyll a concentration with the alcoholic method. Values of phytoplankton primary production and chlorophyll concentration in the waters were high, and values of the TSISD and TSIChl a coefficients indicated a fertile character of the lake water. Disconnection of the lake from the melioration system caused gradual improvement of water quality as compared to previous periods.


We have designed the control system for ink keys of press based on DSP controller TMS320F2812. The operator can remotely control the position of any ink key of ink fountains with a high precision. The upper computer can communicate with any DSP through SCI to transmit the control instructions. KeywordsDSP; ink fountain of press; control system; PID control policy; digital filtering


The aim of this research was to know the effect of mercure pollution in kupang beras (Corbula faba) that originated from Kenjeran Beach Surabaya against mice embryo development. The content that pollute kupang beras was 0.6416 ppm (equivalent with 0.0128 mg). Mice received 0.0128 mg mercure at 8 d to 16 d of pregnancy. The surgical operation carried out after 18 d of pregnancy to inspected of mice embryo development (number, body weight, length, resorbtion quantity and abnormality of fetus development). The difference respons of mice embryo development to mercure were analysed by Anova and Kruskall Wallis test in 5 % significant level. The result showed that supplementation of mercure pollution in kupang beras had no effect on embryo development of mice.


The stability problem of a three-phase voltage source PWM AC-DC converter is addressed through an improved adaptive backstepping method, which combines the following contents: input-output linearisation, adaptive backstepping method, error compensation and sliding mode control. The state equation of the three phase system is obtained by the power balance relationship between the input current and the output voltage, and then the coordinate conversion is carried out in order to design the controller. When the input-output linearisation method transfers the system model to a strict-feedback form, an improved adaptive backstepping control approach is given to stabilise the converter. Finally, the simulation results show that the improved method has three benefits: retain a faster stability of rectifier, reduce overshoot of DC voltage and bring about a real-time parameter estimation.


Herein, we review the current findings of how a variety of accessory cells could participate in shaping the TME and supporting the mechanisms by which cancer cells undertake the EMT. EMT, a complex of phenotypic changes, promotes cancer cell invasion and creates resistance to chemotherapies. Among the accessory cells present in the EMT, immune cells (both native and adaptive) can reciprocally influence the tumor cells features, promote EMT and negatively regulate the anticancer immune response. In this review, we look over the role of EMT in crosstalk between tumor cells and the immune system, with specific emphasis on breast tumors. Finally, we suggest that understanding the role of immune cells in cancer progression could create new opportunities for diagnostic and therapeutic interventions in cancer combination therapy.


Microporous structure plays a significant role in bone tissue engineering, to influence inductive bone formation and elevate bone ingrowth inside microporous scaffolds. We hereby fabricated microporous scaffolds by 3D printing with mixture of porogens and photopolymerizing resin. Our method can tune the microporosity of scaffolds from 0% to 36% by varying the porogen concentration in the inks from zero to 60 vol%. The microporosity and microspore size of scaffolds can affect in vitro expansion of preosteoblast cells. We evaluated the attachment, spreading and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 mouse preosteoblast cells on the printed porous scaffolds. Our studies revealed that preosteoblast cells' in vitro adhesion and proliferation were significantly mediated by the printed scaffolds. Cells proliferation on scaffolds with 20%–30% microporosity showed much higher rate than on other scaffolds. In this microporosity range, scaffolds also showed much better cell spreading and morphologies. At a low level of microporosity ( < 7%), the cell proliferation rate was even lower than the solid scaffolds, which indicates that the microporous structure is "toxic" for cells at low microporosity range. A higher microporosity ( > 35%) led to very poor cell attachment and is unfavorable for the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells. Furthermore, the printed dual macro-/micro-porous scaffolds showed higher proliferation rate of MC3T3-E1 cells as compared to mono-pore sized scaffolds, either the macro-porous or microporous structure.


I document a shift in the stock market's reaction to employment news beginning early 2000s. Good employment news increases stock prices during expansions but has no effect during recessions. Overall, good employment news is good for stocks, a shift from the relationship documented in earlier studies. Furthermore, good employment news continues to decrease bond returns. The opposite response of stock and bond returns to employment news is consistent with the negative stock and bond return correlation in recent times. Risk premium drives the recent stock price reaction to employment news whereas interest rate was the dominant channel prior to 2000s.


The article describes the procedure for evaluating the effectiveness of radio-electronic protection of the command system of force grouping based on the use of the relative reduction of losses of radio-electronic objects (radio-electronic means). It is suggested to evaluate the effectiveness of the condition of determining the sufficiency of radio-electronic protection of the command system from destructive effects of the enemy on its elements. The approach to determining the sufficiency of radio-electronic protection of the command system of force grouping in the conditions of influence on its elements of fire weapons damage means and enemy radio-electronic suppression is considered. The sufficiency of radio-electronic protection is established upon reaching the number of stored able-bodied radio-electronic means not less than specified, which provides the necessary level of organization of the command system of force and determines the state of the command system. The comparison of states is carried out on a quantitative index. The conclusion is made about the possibility of estimation of the damage of the command system as the share of losses - the number of incapable radio-electronic means from the total number of radio-electronic means constituting the command system. The determination of the damage to the radio-electronic means of the command system is formalized in accordance with the verbal provisions of the regulations. The damage to the radio-electronic means of the command system is determined by the percentage of its total amount lost from a fire damage (kinetic impact) and the percentage of the amount of radio-electronic means of the command system left after the fire damage (kinetic impact, but lost from radio-electronic suppression (electromagnetic impact). For the correct application of the proposed approach, restrictions and assumptions have been introduced that do not change the physical meaning of the command system and its effects by means of fire damage and radio-electronic suppression of the enemy. It is suggested to determine the state of the system of management by the number of able-bodied radio-electronic objects (radio-electronic means) operating in the system in different conditions of the environment.


Undergraduate Thesis,English Studies, faculty Adab and Humanities department, Sunan Gunung Djati Stat Islamic Univesity Bandung. Supervisor: 1. Dr. Pepi Siti Paturohmah, S.S.,M.Pd. 2. Dian Nurrachman, S.S., M. Pd.This research is titled, The Depression Experienced By Rachel Watson As The Main Character in Paula Hawkin's novel The Girl on the Train. The purpose of this research is to identify, analyze and describe the forms of depression, depression factors and analyze the effects of depression which are illustrated through Rachel Watson as the main character in Paula Hawkins's novel The Girl on the Train. The researcher based his research on the theories of Corri, Santrock and Kaplan. There are four methods of literary criticism that researchers used in this research, namely, mimetic, declare that the literary (art), pragmatic, and expressive. The method of literary criticism taken is an objective approach. What is discussed or analyzed in this research is the theory that supports in analyzing depression problems experienced by Rachel Watson in the novel The Girl on The Train. Therefore the researcher used the theory of psychoanalysis in this study. Data is taken from the novel The Girl on the Train by Paula Hawkins. The results of this study the researcher have found that forms of depression are experienced by Rachel Watson in the novel The Girl on The Train, namely dysthymic, psychotic depression, and bipolar disorder. There are two types of factors that cause depression of Rachel Watson, namely physical factors and psychological factors. Physical factors include gender, lifestyle, and alcoholism. And psychological factors include personality, mindset, self-esteem, stress, and family environment. The effects caused by depression experienced by Rachel Watson in the novel The Girl on The Train, namely physical symptoms, Psychic Symptoms and social symptoms.


Objective: to graspthe the rapid HIV-test social representations built by health professionals in primary health care. Method: qualitative research, based on the structural approach of the Social Representations Theory using the EVOC software for data processing and analysis. Data collection was performed between February and March 2017, in primary health care units in the city of Senhor do Bonfim, state of Bahia, Brazil. Results: for the inducing term "rapid test", the elements present in the central core of social representation were "fear, HIV, diseases, agility". It is noteworthy that the term "fear", evoked by 67% of professionals, presents itself as the most important component according to its hierarchy. Conclusion: when they assumed the freedom to speak for each other, the professionals in this study revealed "fear" as a major element in the rapid test as well as representational elements that accompany AIDS since its emergence,


Mexico conserves a great diversity of wild relatives of cultivated plants; for example, different Solanaceae, Cucurbitaceae and Caricaceae species families. In the latter, the Carica and Jacaratia genus are the most notable for the similarity of the fruits, but still poorly studied. These populations develop under edapho-climatic and phytosanitary pressure. Due to the interest to take advantage of these materials, the objective was to identify, collect and characterize C. papaya and J. mexicana germplasm. Populations were identified in four Mexican states, sites were characterized and fruits were collected in the populations. Size, weight and number of Álvarez-Hernández, J.C.; J. Z. Castellanos-Ramos, y C.L. Aguirre-Mancilla EXPLORACIÓN Y CARACTERIZACIÓN DE POBLACIONES DE Carica papaya Y Jacaratia mexicana: PARTICULARIDADES DE


This paper presents a hierarchical critic learning optimal control (H‐CLOC) strategy for a lower limb exoskeleton system with prescribed state constraints. The prescribed state constraints of the exoskeleton are mathematically modeled by means of a state error transition function, which transforms the constrained state into an equivalent new unconstrained state. A hierarchical framework including a high‐level motion trajectory planner and a low‐level critic learning (CL) controller is proposed for optimal control of the exoskeleton. The estimation of human motion intentions is achieved using dynamic movement primitives (DMPs), which are capable of accurately replicating the original training trajectories during motion. The CL algorithm is implemented on the transformed unconstrained system while enhancing the learning capability of the proposed algorithm for the exoskeleton. The optimal control with prescribed constraints is analyzed for stability using the Lyapunov theorem. Finally, simulation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed H‐CLOC strategy for lower limb exoskeletons.


This study reviews trends in interprovincial migration in Italy over the last 40 years, with reference to the mobility transition model. The overall intensity of interprovincial migration declined significantly in the mid-1970s. Subsequently there has been a slow decline, and at the beginning of the 1990s interprovincial mobility reached a level of about 10 moves per 1000 persons per year. This paper provides a description and interpretation of these migration patterns, using population register data at the provincial scale. The regional patterns of interprovincial migration were very pronounced in the 1950s and 1960s, and characterised by rural to urban and South to North migration. After more balanced geographical patterns in the mid-1970s, the demographic efficiency of interprovincial migrations indicates a rise in short-distance moves in the case of suburban migrations, and renewed South to North migrations. These changes in the regional patterns of interprovincial migration were closely related to the economic and social transformations in Italy since the 1950s. Special attention is given to the role of the metropolitan provinces: Rome, Milan, Naples and Turin. These provinces serve as centres of attraction and distribution of interprovincial migration flows, and the changes observed for these four provinces over the study period aid the understanding of the overall changes in the national migration system. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Ab initio calculations for the strongly exoergic Li{sub 2}+F harpoon reaction are presented using density-functional theory, complete active space self-consistent field, and multireference configuration interaction methods to argue that this reaction would be an ideal candidate for investigation with ultracold molecules. The lowest six states are calculated with the aug-correlation-consistent polarized valence triple-zeta basis set and at least two can be accessed by a ground rovibronic Li{sub 2} molecule with zero collision energy at all reaction geometries. The large reactive cross section (characteristic of harpoon reactions) and chemiluminescent products are additional attractive features of these reactions.


Since the June, 19, 1978 Decree on the Dutch Public Library Work in Flanders, a substantial local structure has been developed for public librarianship. To this day, a superstructure has not yet been established. Another issue concerns the content that is to be given to the structure. These and other points are discussed in an interview with Geert Roelandts, acting director of the «Dienst voor Openbaar Bibliotheekwerk» (Service for Public Library Work)


Adolescent cocaine abuse increases the risk for developing addiction in later life, which remains a big public health concern, but the underlying molecular mechanism is poorly understood. Here, adolescent cocaine-exposed (ACE) male mice models were established by administrating cocaine during adolescent period. When growing to adult age, mice were subjected to conditioned place preference (CPP) to evaluate the sensitivity to cocaine, then potential molecule of dual specificity phosphatase 1 (DUSP1) were screened out by transcriptomic sequencing. Subthreshold dose of cocaine (sdC), that is insufficient to produce CPP, was used to induce CPP in adulthood. The sdC treatment effectively induced CPP in ACE mice during adulthood, accompanied with the more triggered CaMKII-positive neurons, and induced higher Dusp1 gene, lower DUSP1 protein, lower DUSP1 activity and lower DUSP1 expression on CaMKII-positive neurons (DUSP1CaMKII) in medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Overexpressing DUSP1CaMKII suppressed CaMKII-positive neuronal activation, and ultimately blocked sdC-induced CPP in ACE mice during adulthood. While, knocking-down DUSP1CaMKII activated more CaMKII-positive neurons, and aggravated sdC-preferred behavior in ACE mice during adulthood. ERK1/2 might be potential subsequent signal for DUSP1 in the process. Collectively, our findings reveal a novel molecular mechanism underlying adolescent drug abuse-induced susceptibility to addiction during adulthood, and mPFC DUSP1CaMKII is a promising pharmacological target to predict or treat addiction, especially caused by adolescent substance use. Summary Adolescent cocaine exposure causes higher cocaine-preferred behaviors during adulthood, along with evoked mPFC activity in response to cocaine challenge. Locally overexpressing but not knocking-down the dual specificity phosphatase 1 (DUSP1) on CaMKII-positive neurons (DUSP1CaMKII) suppresses mPFC activation, and ultimately rescues the higher sensitivity to cocaine during adulthood.


This book contains about one-quarter of the papers presented at an International Conjeiente on Seed Science and Technology, which was held in Hangzhou, P R China in March 1990 It contains 41 papers, of which 30 are on work by authors for the host country, and the rest by international partici-pants This Proceedings is unique in that it is the first comprehensive work on seed science and technology published in China and thus it provides some insights into the breadth of interests of Chinese seed scientists, and some indication of the extent of technical sophis-tication that their research has achieved The articles are variable in both quality and presentation Some are overviews with little original data, others are research reports with data to highlight the major achievements so far and others are more suited for a research journal than a synopsis on recent advances in the subject area The chapters are arranged in five categories That on regulation of nucleic acid and protein synthesis during seed development is the shortest and lacks papers related to the modern molecular approaches used to elucidate aspects the articles scientists, brief on germination vigour lotus


Zoomable user interfaces (ZUI) can help people perceive and interact with large collections of information. These large collections complicate the task of creating ZUIs. In this paper the ORRIL (Objects, Regions, Relations and Interface Logic) framework is defined and presented as a technique for aiding ZUI design and creation. ORRIL makes explicit the data that appears in a zoomable information space, while simultaneously emphasising the relationships between user actions and transforms of the data. This is important for modeling and clarifying the processes that occur within a ZUI application. From the perspective of an implementer it may be used as an underlying model when designing and implementing a framework for building ZUIs.


This invention relates to a method of creating and managing asymmetric cryptographic key pairs and / or certificates associated with key pairs, each key pair and associated certificate being adapted to an object managed by a computer system (1 ). The method comprises creating a single query design and / or certification of at least a pair of keys for an object system that lacks key pair or certificate for its key pair. The present invention also relates to the computer system for implementing said method.


Water was sprayed on the adaxial surfaces of hairy and nonhairy leaves to study the possible significance of trichomes in dew or rainwater absorption. Plant species adapted to Mediterranean climate, experiencing periodic water shortage, were used. Water retention was higher and its duration significantly longer on hairy leaves, confirming visual observations in the field. Gravimetric measurements and fluorescence microscopy with the apoplasmic indicator Calcofluor showed that surface water quickly penetrated into the mesophyll of hairy but not nonhairy leaves. The trichome did not participate in the entrance pathway. Direct absorption of water increased the water potential of water-stressed cut leaves, improving their photosynthetic performance through decreased abaxial stomatal resistance. No such effects were found in nonhairy leaves. In a long-term experiment with whole seedlings of the hairy Phlomis fruticosa L., growth rate and photosynthetic pigment content in plants receiving water only through the...


Next generation wireless networks are bound to go beyond the classical point-to-point or point-to-multipoint communication paradigms of traditional networks such as cellular networks. For instance, next generation networks will witness a highly complex and dynamic environment whereby the nodes can interact and cooperate for improving their performance. In this context, cooperation has emerged as a novel communication paradigm that can yield tremendous performance gains from the physical layer all the way up to the application layer. Consequently, a significant amount of research efforts has been dedicated to studying cooperation in wireless networks. The main research in this area has focused on examining the performance gains that cooperation can entail, in different scenarios. For example, on one hand, it was demonstrated that, by cooperating, a group of single-antenna nodes can exploit the highly acclaimed performance gains of multiple-input-multipleoutput (MIMO) systems in terms of throughput and bit error rate. On the other hand, it has been shown that, by forwarding each others packets, the wireless nodes can increase their throughput and improve the connectivity of the network. However, most of the cooperative systems proposed so far are based on ideal cooperation, e.g., with no cost, and are mostly concerned with studying the benefits from cooperation, while giving little attention to the impact of cooperation on the network's structure and the users' behavior. Hence, there is a need for well-designed cooperative algorithms that can reap the numerous gains from cooperation while taking into account the costs for cooperation as well as its impact on the overall network structure and dynamics. Designing such efficient cooperation algorithms faces numerous challenges. First, cooperation entails various costs, such as power, that can limit its benefits or even impair the users' performance. Second, wireless network users tend to be selfish in nature. Therefore, deriving a fair and practical cooperation algorithm where the decision to cooperate does not degrade the performance of any of the cooperating users is a challenging


Towards the automotive windshield screen printing of heating wire,this paper analyzes the relevant factors influencing printing silver paste thickness.It also puts forward ideas and control methods for achieving printing precision thickness control.


The primary propagating radicals in photo-initiated polymerization of isoprene and MMA were directly detected and assigned for the first time by use of time-resolved ESR spectroscopy. Based on the kinetic analysis including the spin-lattice relaxation, the rate constant of the formation and the relaxation time were determined for the primary propagating radicals by simulating time-profile of the FT-ESR intensity.


Second-harmonic generation (SHG) observed in reflection from the growing surface of GaAs is reported. In a specific configuration of the polarization and crystal azimuth, only the surface specific component was observed. Combined with the RHEED observation, we found that SHG is only sensitive to the chemical constituent on the surface, while the RHEED is sensitive to long-range ordering of the surface reconstruction. By observing the intensity variations of SHG in various polarization and azimuths, we infer the relevant components of surface second-order nonlinear susceptibility tensor.


IN July 1997, the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons launched the CPD Record Card. Since then, CPD has had a higher profile in the profession than ever before. Here, Charmian Lewis-Jones, chairman of the Royal College's CPD subcommittee, explains the background to the record card system and highlights some of the recent developments.


Under being restricted by resource reserves and geological exploitation,mining industrial structure presents a variety of characteristics,such as dispersion,overweight,single,steady-state,as well as low technological structure.The paper argues that the north,south and east mineral resource economic zones,plus seven mineral resource economic areas can be formed in Heilongjiang province in accordance with forecast achievements of regularity of regional ore formation.With the different mineral resource situation of these economic zones and areas,mineral industrial distribution and structure should be readjusted and be innovated.


Now a days people want security systems at every place and to monitor that systems when they are at that place or away from that place. An Iot based fire and gas alarm system is a device or a method used to detect the presence of fire and gas in that coverage area and prevent the disaster that results in the damage of infrastructure as well as human life by triggering the alarm and also sending the alert signals to the webserver. This system also send the alert notification to the user mobile phone. This implemented system was developed in the combination of hardware and software. This system is made with low cost wireless and sensors which ensure remote monitoring. It allows the users to monitor the security of the place by the sensor connected to the higher performance chip i.e. Raspberry Pi Pico[2]. This chip is also used for other task like to receive the security status notification remotely on a webserver.


An iron derivative of inosined '-monophosphate has been prepared and fully characterized by X-ray. structure analysis. Its composition is [Fe@'-IMP)(H20)5] .2HzO, and the metal atom binds at the N(7) position on the purine moiety. Two different conformations coexist within the structure, so that of the 3 c~stallographic~ly independent molecules, one has the ribose ring C%'-endo, while the other two are C3'-ertdo.


PME42 the 42nd annual meeting of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education (IGPME), Umea, Sweden, 3-8 July 2018


In this paper, current injection technique based 36-pulse uncontrolled star rectifier is proposed for large current rating application. The proposed rectifier consists of a new delta/fork conFigure transformer, 18-pulse star rectifier with passive injection circuit at dc link and specially tapped inter phase transformer (STIT). Delta/fork transformer creates two 9-phase supplies for 18-pulse star rectifier. STIT and single phase full-wave rectifier (SPFWR) constitutes the passive injection circuit and conduction loss of proposed passive injection circuit is much smaller than the conventional ripple re-injection circuit. SPFWR extract harmonics current from STIT which feed back to the load and this harmonic current modify the output voltage wave shape of 18-pulse star rectifier. Proposed rectifier operate as 36-pulse star rectifier when turns ratio of STIT is designed optimally and under this condition total harmonic (THD) of the input line current is about 4.68%. Proposed rectifier is analyzed, designed and simulated in MATLAB software environment and simulation results confirm the IEEE -519 standard requirement.


We study the dependence of the spectral density of the covariance matrix ensemble on the power spectrum of the underlying multivariate signal. The white noise signal leads to the celebrated Marchenko-Pastur formula. We demonstrate results for some colored noise signals.


The opening of a new fuel ethanol plant in South Bend, Ind., brings a reminder that gasohol is still with us, even if the word is obsolescent. The $185 million plant, built for New Energy Co. by Davy McKee, will convert some 20 million bushels of corn per year into more than 52 million gal of ethanol, with animal feeds and carbon dioxide as by-products. In the fuel-short days of the 1970s, the use of gasohol—a blend of 10% ethanol and 90% gasoline—was loudly promoted as a way to ease the energy problem and lessen U.S. dependence on imported petroleum. Now, of course, oil is abundant, its price is falling, and nobody is advertising gasohol any more. On the other hand, blending in about 10% ethanol is one way to increase the octane rating of gasoline by about three points, without adding lead. The U.S. will use more than 500 million gal of ...


D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3) is a key second messenger in many cells, including macrophages, T and B cells, and neutrophils, in which it regulates free intracellular calcium ion levels. In human polymorphonuclear leukocytes the rise of intracellular [Ca2+] is the signal that activates a number of functions such as adherence, aggregation, chemotaxis, and degranulation, which are typically depressed in newborn infants. IP3 generation can be stimulated by N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) tripeptide, which mimics the naturally occurring bacterial oligopeptides. In this study both neonatal and adult polymorphonuclear leukocytes were stimulated by fMLP (1 × 10−6 M) and the levels of IP3 were assayed by a specific radiometric method. The time course of IP3 generation was studied for up to 60 s in a total of 10 samples. The response appeared reduced in cord blood samples. To confirm this observation, we extended our study to a larger number of samples, quantitating [IP3] at the time peak of 10 s. As expected IP3 generation was significantly (F test, p < 0.0001, n = 39) lower in newborns than in adults (means ± SD = 0.64 ± 0.25; 1.26 ± 0.36, ng/106 cells, respectively). Besides soluble stimulus, neutrophils were treated with a particulate stimulus, namely serumtreated zymosan, which is also able to stimulate IP3 synthesis from polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Serum-treated zymosan produced a prolonged elevation in the level of IP3, reaching a plateau within 120 s in both cord blood and in control samples. At the 120-s time point significantly (F test, p < 0.002, n = 10) lower amounts of IP3 were found in newborn samples than in adult preparations (mean ± SD = 1.09 ± 0.45; 2.54 ± 0.55, ng/106 cells, respectively). These data suggest that an impaired synthesis of IP3 is involved in the defective signal transduction of neonatal polymorphonuclear leukocytes and could represent an important biochemical mechanism behind the defective functions of neonatal neutrophils.


The succulent thicket of the Eastern Cape, South Africa, is characterized by densely wooded vegetation that is dominated by succulents with little understory of ephemeral and weakly perennial grasses and forbs. Studies have developed around the question: how do bulk grazers such as the African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) survive in the succulent thicket? In this study, the diet of the African buffalo at the Great Fish River Reserve (GFRR) was studied in two seasons (wet and dry). The diet profile was assessed from faecal matter, using the micro-histological analysis method. During the wet season, grass species contributed 72% to the diet while 28% was contributed by browse species. In the dry season there was a significant increase in the intake of browse by 5% (χ2 = 19.94, df = 11, P < 0.05). There were species that were neglected in the wet season but became principal dietary items in the dry season, these included Setaria neglecta, Cymbopogon plurinodis, Capparis sepiaria and Portulacaria afra. Diet quality, as estimated from faecal samples, suggested that the buffalo were nutritionally stable; however, the presence of sarcoptic mange in the buffalo suggests nutritional stress.


A 3D hierarchical LS-C3N4/CWS monolith has been successfully fabricated for highly efficient heavy metal ion scavenging in both static and continuous-flow modes.


Dissipation rate {mu}[cosh(k/k{sub c}) - 1] in Fourier space, which reduces to the Newtonian viscosity dissipation rate {nu}k{sup 2} for small k/k{sub c}, can be scaled to make a hydrodynamic system either actually or potentially converge to its Galerkin truncation. The former case acquires convergence to the truncation at a finite wavenumber k{sub G}; the latter realizes as the wavenumber grows to infinity. Intermittency reduction and vitiation of extended self-similarity (ESS) in the partially thermalized regime of turbulence are confirmed and clarified. Onsager's pictures of intermittent versus nonintermittent flows are visualized from thermalized numerical fields, showing cleanly spotty versus mistily uniform properties, the latter of which destroys self-organization and so the ESS property.


A combined experimental and numerical study is performed to investigate the flow field and associated aerodynamic forces on a cambered airfoil. The Reynolds number is low enough to ensure importance of viscous dynamics, and high enough so that instability and transition to turbulence can occur. The flow fields are complex and their correct description is essential in understanding the nonlinear curves describing the variation of lift and drag coefficients with angle of attack, α. As α is increased from 0, the flow states go through a number of qualitatively distinct phases. At low to moderate α, the laminar boundary layer separates before the trailing edge, and as the separation point moves forward, instabilities of the detached shear layer form coherent vortices over the upper (suction) surface. At a critical angle, αcrit, instabilities in the shear layer grow fast enough to transition to turbulence, which then leads to reattachment before the trailing edge. In this flow state, lift is increased and drag decreases. Hence, in order to understand the aerodynamics at this scale, we need to understand the viscous dynamics of the boundary layer, as elegantly described and analyzed by Frank White.


.Abstract – Caterpillars are some of the most successful scansorial and burrowing animals and yet they lack a hard skeleton. Their hydrostatic body and prolegs provide astonishing fault-tolerant manoeuvrability and powerful, stable, passive attachment. This paper describes some of the biomechanics of caterpillar locomotion and gripping. It then describes our recent work to build a multifunctional robotic climbing machine based on the biomechanics and neural control system (neuromechanics) of the caterpillar, Manduca sexta. The new robot ("Softbot") is continuously deformable and capable of collapsing and crumpling into a small volume. Eventually it will be able to climb textured surfaces and irregular objects, crawl along ropes and wires, or burrow into winding, confined spaces. These robots will be simple, cheap (disposable), and scaleable. They will have numerous applications including search and rescue in emergency situations and mine reconnaissance in complex environments such as rubble-fields.


Granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF) possesses an antimicrobial effect in several animal models of infection. To evaluate a possible effect of G‐CSF on the course of pneumococcal meningitis, rabbits infected intracisternally (i.c.) with Streptococcus pneumoniae type 3 (n = 7) received 50 μg/kg of rhG‐CSF intravenously (i.v.) 1 h prior to infection. Seven infected animals served as controls. Uninfected rabbits received 10 μg of G‐CSF (n = 3), 2 μg G‐CSF (n = 3) or saline (n = 3) i.c. G‐CSF injected i.c. did not produce cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leucocytosis. Compared with the control group, i.v. G‐CSF given prior to i.c. infection increased the percentage of granulocytes in blood 6 h and 12 h after infection. Twelve hours after infection, CSF tumour necrosis factor (TNF) activity and CSF interleukin (IL)‐1β concentrations were significantly higher in G‐CSF‐treated animals. G‐CSF did not decrease bacterial growth in the subarachnoid space and the CSF leucocyte densities were not influenced. At 24 h after infection, G‐CSF did not reduce the CSF concentrations of neurone‐specific enolase and the density of apoptotic neurones in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. In conclusion, i.v. G‐CSF increased the concentration of pro‐inflammatory cytokines in the CSF but did not decrease the growth of Streptococcus pneumoniae in the subarachnoid space.


There is an exponential growth of text data over the internet, and it is expected to gain significant growth and attention in the coming years. Extracting meaningful insights from text data is crucially important as it offers value-added solutions to business organizations and end-users. Automatic text summarization (ATS) automates text summarization by reducing the initial size of the text without the loss of key information elements. In this article, we propose a novel text summarization algorithm for documents using Deep Learning Modifier Neural Network (DLMNN) classifier. It generates an informative summary of the documents based on the entropy values. The proposed DLMNN framework comprises six phases. In the initial phase, the input document is pre-processed. Subsequently, the features are extracted using pre-processed data. Next, the most appropriate features are selected using the improved fruit fly optimization algorithm (IFFOA). The entropy value for every chosen feature is computed. These values are then classified into two classes, (a) highest entropy values and (b) lowest entropy values. Finally, the class that holds the highest entropy values is chosen, representing the informative sentences that form the last summary. The results observed from the experiment indicate that the DLMNN classifier gives 81.56, 91.21, and 83.53 of sensitivity, accuracy, specificity, precision, and f-measure. Whereas the existing schemes such as ANN relatively provide lesser value in contrast to DLMNN.


Brain Computer Interaction (BCI) has mainly been utilized for communication and control, but it may also find application as a channel for creative expression, as part of an entertainment package. In this paper we provide an initial investigation on how creativity can be supported and assessed. An art-based approach was adopted to investigate the effects of achieving simple drawing and painting. Subjects were asked to complete three tasks using an Steady State Visual Evoked Potential BCI; a drawing task called 'etch-a-sketch' (TASK 1) which relied entirely upon BCI control, and two painting tasks, the first (TASK 2) with a set goal and the second (TASK 3) with more potential for user expression. The tasks varied in the proportion of control to creativity required. Participants provided feedback on their perception of the control and creative aspects and their overall experience. The painting application (TASK 3) for which users perceived that they had more creativity was well accepted; 50% of the users preferred this mode of interaction. The experimental approach described allows for an initial assessment of the acceptance of BCI-mediated artistic expression.


At the AAPT Summer Meeting in Minneapolis, I co-hosted the speed networking event with Sam Sampere (the current NY section representative). Before the event began, I met with Sam briefly to discuss how we anticipated the event running. One of the first things Sam did was show me a memorial flyer from John Fitzgibbons' (Fitz) funeral. Sam later became choked up as he shared with the group about how his mentor, Fitz, had changed his life professionally at Syracuse and as a member of the AAPT. Sam suggested to the new attendees that perhaps their mentor was in the room and they would meet him or her today. All "seasoned" teachers in the room were nodding their heads in agreement. They could relate because there was someone who nurtured them, someone who deserves half the credit for the people and teachers they became.


When studying the origin of liquor, people always regard the origin of artificial wine- making as the source. We don' t agree with this idea. We think that man - made liquor is not the source but the branch.Here we further investigate and study some wine - making essential factors, such as the primitive alcohol molecule,saccharomycete and other funguses, grains and fruits etc.Al- so we probe the relation between source and branch about natural liquor on the earth, ape - made liquor and manmade liquor. S, we draw a conclusion that the liquor stems from natural liquor and man - made liquor develops gradually on the basis of contact with natural liquor.


Issues touching on religious confraternities are attracting greater attention in Polish historical studies. Yet. they seem to be more of a lateral interest as something that complements the activities of various institutions or units of church administration (parishes, dioceses, convents, monastic provinces, etc.), or those of their lay administrations. As a result, religious confraternities are rarely a topic for independent studies in Polish history.1 A case in point is the role of religious confraternities in Sandomierz. Their activities have usually been discussed only in the margins of studies devoted to other fields of interest touching on this town. Because of this scarcity of scholarly work on the confraternities of Sandomierz, this article is based, for the most part, on primary source materials, confraternity registers, city records, consistory deeds, financial documents from convents, church chronicles, and confraternity prayer books. To support these primary materials further, early printed books have also been used, especially when they were relevant either to individual confraternities or to confraternal topics in general. Closer attention to confraternal issues in pre-partition Poland (pre–1772) not only provides us with a more detailed and fuller picture of confraternal life in Sandomierz, but also illustrates, on the basis of the activities


An intuitive model that addresses the script world attributes of event detectability and confusability, script attribute of noise event immunity, and script event attributes of confirming strength, necessity, and longevity is developed. These are defined as having discrete, qualitative values. The script itself is modeled as a sequence of events specifying these attributes. Given that events are considered to be symbols, an event sequence becomes a string, and a script can then be represented as language consisting of a single string. Deviations from the basic script can be described by string errors in the form of deletions, substitutions and insertions. An exemplar script, therefore can be described by a grammar which accommodates script attributes, is associated with each grammar production, and favors strings that most closely match the original desired string. The performance of the system is evaluated, and a method for significantly increasing script matching performance is presented.<<ETX>>


The visualization of sound propagation in solids is vital for transducer adaptation and better understanding of complex test samples and their wave propagation modeling. In this work we present an electrodynamic technique detecting the grazing sound beam with a 10 mm‐sized electrodynamic probe. The particle displacement along the sample's surface was then measured as a function of time and position. Adapting the electrodynamic probe and its coil alignment allows for measuring the displacement components in all three dimensions. Thus horizontal and vertical particle displacement with respect to the surface can be detected. A SNR of up to 40 dB could be achieved within ferromagnetic and high conductive chrome steel when using a shear wave generated by an angle beam probe. When dealing with nonconductive materials such as PMMA we obtained a reduced SNR of 12 dB. We report on measurements of the sound field in complex weld joints. One example shows a narrow gap weld joining a nickel alloy with a chrome steel....


Biofouling of spiral wound membrane systems High quality drinking water can be produced with membrane filtration processes like reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF). Because the global demand for fresh clean water is increasing, these membrane technologies will increase in importance in the coming decades. One of the most serious problems in RO/NF applications is biofouling - excessive growth of biomass - affecting the performance of the RO/NF systems due to e.g. (i) increase in pressure drop across membrane elements (feed-concentrate channel), (ii) decrease in membrane permeability, (iii) increase in salt passage. These phenomena result in the need to increase the feed pressure to maintain constant production and to clean the membrane elements chemically. In practice, the first phenomenon is most dominant. The objective of this study was to relate biomass accumulation in spiral wound RO and NF membrane elements with membrane performance and hydrodynamics and to determine parameters influencing biofouling. The focus of this research was on the development of biomass in the feed-concentrate (feed-spacer) channel and its effect on pressure drop and flow distribution. These detailed studies can be used to develop an integral strategy to control biofouling in spiral wound membrane systems. Problem analysis Studies to diagnose biofouling in 15 full-scale RO and NF membrane installations with varying feed water types showed that (i) highest biomass concentrations were found at the installation feed side, (ii) the biomass related parameter adenosine-tri-phosphate was suitable for biofouling diagnosis in membrane element autopsies, (iii) measurements of biological parameters in the water were not appropriate in quantifying biofouling, and (iv) there is a need for a representative monitor and sensitive accurate pressure data to enable a reliable evaluation of the development of biofouling (Chapter 2). Based on the practical observations it was decided to develop a set of tools to study biofouling at controlled conditions. Method development A monitor was developed (Chapter 3) in combination with testing of a sensitive differential pressure drop transmitter (Chapter 4). This small monitor named Membrane Fouling Simulator (MFS) uses the same membranes and spacers as present in commercial membrane elements, has similar hydrodynamics and is equipped with a sight window. The MFS is an effective scaled-down version of a full-scale system and allows to study the biofouling process occurring in the first 0.20 m of RO/NF elements. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) provided in-situ, non-invasive, and spatially-resolved measurements of biofouling and its impact on hydrodynamics and mass transport in spiral wound membrane elements as well as in the MFS (Chapter 5). A three-dimensional computational model was developed to simulate biofouling in membrane elements, with feed spacer geometry as used in practice (Chapter 6). The model combines fluid dynamics, solute transport and biofouling. The methods described in the first part of the thesis have been used to increase the understanding of fundamental aspects of biofouling. Basic studies The development of biomass and related increase in pressure drop was not influenced by the permeate production in the elements (Chapter 7). Irrespective whether a flux was applied or not, the feed-concentrate channel pressure drop and biofilm amount increased in RO and NF membranes in monitor, test-rig, pilot and full-scale installation. Mass transport calculations supported that permeate production plays a minor role in the development of biofouling. Since fouling occurred irrespective of permeate production, the critical flux concept stating that "below a critical flux no fouling occurs" is not applicable to control RO/NF biofouling in extensively pretreated water. In essence, biofouling is a feed spacer channel problem (Chapter 8). This observation is based on (i) practical data and supported by (ii) in-situ visual observations of fouling accumulation using the MFS sight window, (iii) in-situ non-destructive observations of fouling accumulation and velocity distribution profiles using MRI, and (iv) differences in pressure drop and biomass development in monitors with and without feed spacer. MRI studies showed that already a restricted biofilm accumulation on the feed channel spacer influenced the velocity distribution profile strongly, leading to a strong decrease of the effective surface area in the membrane module and probably increasing the salt concentration in the dead-zones of the element leading to increased salt passage. Three-dimensional numerical simulations of biofilm formation and fluid flow were executed and compared with MRI and MFS studies (Chapter 9). The simulations showed similar (i) pressure drop development and (ii) patterns in flow distribution and channelling as observed in MRI and MFS studies. Feed spacers showed to have an essential role in biofouling, and are considered a prime target for improving the membrane elements. Based on the gained insights several potential methodologies to minimize the impact of biofouling have been studied and described in the last chapters of the thesis. Control studies The effect of substrate concentration, linear flow velocity, substrate load and flow direction on pressure drop development and biofilm accumulation was investigated in MFSs (Chapter 10). The pressure drop increase was related to the amount of accumulated biomass and linear flow velocity. Biomass accumulation was related to the substrate load. A flow direction change in the pressure vessels instantaneously reduced the pressure drop, accentuating that hydrodynamics, spacers and pressure vessel configuration offer possibilities to restrict the pressure drop increase caused by accumulated biomass. The impact of flow regime on pressure drop, biomass accumulation and morphology was studied (Chapter 11). In RO and NF membrane elements, at linear flow velocities as applied in practice voluminous and filamentous biofilm structures developed in the feed spacer channel, causing a significant increase in feed channel pressure drop. The amount of accumulated biomass was independent of the applied shear, depending on the substrate load. A high shear force resulted in more compact and less filamentous biofilm structure compared to a low shear force, causing a lower pressure drop increase. A biofilm grown at low shear was easier to remove during water flushing compared to a biofilm grown at high shear. Flow regimes manipulated biofilm morphology affecting membrane performance, enabling new approaches to control biofouling. Phosphate limitation as a method to control biofouling was investigated at a full-scale RO installation, characterized by low phosphate and substrate concentrations in the feed water and low biomass amounts in lead membrane modules. MFS studies showed that phosphate limitation restricted the pressure drop increase and biomass accumulation, even in the presence of high substrate concentrations (Chapter 12). Outlook Most past and present methods to control biofouling have not been very successful. Based on insights obtained by the studies described in this thesis, an overview is given of several potential complementary approaches to solve biofouling (Chapter 13). An integrated approach for biofouling control is proposed, based on three corner stones: (i) equipment design and operation, (ii) biomass growth conditions, and (iii) cleaning agents. Although in this stage chemical cleaning and biofouling inhibitor dosing seem inevitable to control biofouling, it is expected that in future – also because of sustainability and costs reasons - membrane systems will be operated without or with minimal chemical cleaning and dosing.


Green chemistry is a kind of science and technology that has developed with environmental problem, and is a scientifical way to prevent and eliminate pollution. Environment education is an important part of the education in middle school, whose shortages and disadvantages can be overcomed by green chemistry education.


105 Background: Sexual preservation is an important issue in the treatment of localized prostate cancer. In this study, we evaluate the long-term incidence of erectile dysfunction (ED) after prostate brachytherapy (PBT), in men without ED. Methods: Between 2006 and 2012, prospective data of patients treated with brachytherapy for a low or intermediate-risk prostate cancer (d'Amico classification), were collected. Erectile function (EF) was assessed with IIEF5 score (5-Item Version of the International Index of Erectile Dysfunction) at six weeks and then every year during the follow-up. No ED was defined by an IIEF5 score ≥ 22/25 and a mild ED by a score between 17 and 21. Results: Up to this point, 70 patients, with an initial IIEF5 ≥22, were analyzed with a mean follow-up of 46.5 months. At 6 weeks and 1, 2, 3 and 4 years after brachytherapy, mean IIEF5 scores in all 70 patients were 24.6, 21.3, 19.7, 19.1 and 17.3, respectively. In ≤ 65 years old group, the scores were 24.7, 20.9, 21.3, 21.1, 19.7 and 2...


OBJECTIVE Near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy(NIRS)combining with discriminant analysis was used in the identification of Yiqing Keli from different manufacturers.METHODS We selected Multiplicative Signal Correction(MSC)+ First Derivative(FD)spectra to calculation.The best numbers of principal component(PC)were 18 designed by scores plot of samples in PC.RESULTS We could see that the Yiqing Keli from different factories might be distinguished easily by NIRS.The results were consistent in some degree with that of actual cluster.CONCLUSION The method can classify the samples rapidly and accurately,and it can be used to identify the classification of Yiqing Keli from different manufacturers.


The Final Research Report with the theme: "The methodology of training and its impact on the technical preparation of students of the soccer team of the Ricaurte Educational Unit in the period 2017", reveals the current situation presented by football coaches of the aforementioned institution, in order to comply with the foreseen objectives, methods were selected from the theoretical and empirical levels of scientific research, using mathematical and statistical methods in order to process and validate the results obtained. The shortcomings appreciated in the visits made to ten training sessions served as the basis for determining the elements that a Model must contain to sustain the training system for the development of the technical condition of student athletes of the Ricaurte Educational Unit, which they travel through the school categories. We think that the use of the proposed elements, as a basis for the elaboration of the aforementioned model, can contribute to raising the scientific level of the coaches to face the pedagogical direction of the training process aimed at developing the technical capabilities of their athletes


The methods,characters,and effect of urban road traffic volumes forecast at home and abroad were introduced.Because of the complexity of urban traffic,the prediction precision of some existing methods is not high.In this paper,the chaotic neural network was used to set up a model of traffic volume in real intersection exit.Through the comparison with the traditional BP neural network,the model has better effect in prediction.


Theoretical concepts of communication system will be better understood when computer simulations are used as a teaching aid in line with experimental works. In this paper, MATLAB is employed as a demonstration tool for easy understanding of basic Amplitude Modulation Technique with its behaviourial pattern analyzed. To achieve this, the building blocks of amplitude modulation characteristics were coded in terms of their modulation index, carrier amplitude, carrier frequency and modulating frequency. The MATLAB software was used to develop a true replica of the experimental data.


The high temperature air combustion is the newest combustion technology developed in recent years. In order to better understand its mechanism and characteristics of super-low NOx emission level, a numerical simulation combined with the diffusion combustion model, thermal NO model and the turbulent N-S equation has been performed in this paper. Flame features and Influences of preheated air temperature on combustion process and NO emission have been investigated. The numerical results agree with measurement very well. This research provided fundamental date for developing the technology in China.


The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of PRT on the students" achievement in writing Descriptive Text.
This research is an experimental which was conducted at SMP Muhammadiyah 02 Medan Jl. Pahlawan no. 97, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia. Academic year 2016/2017. The population of this research was the second grade which distributed into two classes with total 60 students. By using cluster random sampling technique two classes were taken as sample. VIII-A as experimental group consisted of 30 students and VIII-B for control group consisted 30 students.
The instruments for collecting data in this research was written test in form Essay Test, consist of three questions. Post-test were conducted in both, experimental and control group.
The finding showed that the students who taught by using PRT got higher score than those who taught by using conventional Strategy. The result showed that there no significant effect of using PRT on the students" achievement in writing descriptive text which wasn"t proven for the result of analysis, t was lowest than (0,940 < 2.009) at α 0,05, and df 58. It means the hypothesis alternative was rejected


Objective To evaluate the curative effect of nasal polyps treated by endoscopic sinus surgery(ESS) and its influence factor.Methods 56 patients in Department of ENT,Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Zhoushan City from January 2010 to January 2012 with chronic nasal polyps were studied.All patients were treated by ESS.The curative effect and its influence factor were observed.Results Of 56 cases,34 cases were cured,15 cases were improved,and 7 cases were invalid,the effective rate was 87.5%.The efficiency was 100.0%,83.3%,72.2% respectively according to nasal polyp type Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,the differences were statistically significant(P 0.05).The efficiency was 95.5% and 58.3% respectively according to insistent following-up group(n = 44) and non insistent following-up group(n = 12),the differences were statistically significant(P 0.05).The efficiency was 97.7% and 50.0% according to regular cleaning and the rational drug usage group and non regular cleaning and the rational drug usage group,the differences were statistically significant(P 0.05).2 cases with eye sore(3.57%) were found,the symptom was disappeared 2-3 days after the nasal cavity filling;no vision diminution,diplopia and cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea was found.Conclusion The effect of nasal endoscopic treatment of patients with nasal polyps is significant,but many factors affect the success or failure of the surgery in the treatment of patients with nasal polyps related factors need to pay attention to improve the success rate of surgery,improve the patients' quality of life.


The conducting airway epithelium of fetal Syrian golden hamsters was studied from gestational day 12 to day 15, during normal and uncontrolled diabetic pregnancies. Diabetes was induced in the pregnant hamsters by injecting streptozotocin at 60 mg/kg body weight, subcutaneously, early on gestational day 10. Cells in S‐phase were labelled immunochemically with bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), and the day on which endocrine cells and ciliated cells first appeared was determined.


There is mounting evidence to support increased thrombo-embolic risk associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. Here, we report a case of COVID-19 complicated by a right ventricular apical thrombus and aortic thrombi. A 61-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and hyperlipidaemia presented to the emergency department (ED) with severe sharp epigastric pain and shortness of breath, with an oxygen saturation of 85%. In the ED, her baseline ECG and physical exam were unremarkable but she was placed on 6 L of oxygen due to persist-ent hypoxia. Subsequent arterial blood gas analysis revealed a P a O 2 of 69 mmHg, P a CO 2 of 31 mmHg, pH of 7.49, and sO 2 of 93%. Initial chest radiograph demonstrated multifocal bilateral patchy opacities, and re-verse transcription–PCR (RT–PCR) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. Laboratory tests revealed mild leukocytosis (13.8 (cid:2) 10 3 / l L), elevated D-dimer (8264 ng/mL),


The Tribimaximal (TBM) ansatz for neutrino mixing has recently been invalidated. Since the TBM ansatz yielded a vanishing determinant for the neutrino propagation matrix, P, the door is now open for a nonvanishing determinant, i.e., for an invertible P, which would allow an inference of flavor ratios at cosmic sources directly from measurements at Earthly observatories. However, we show that the determinant of P can still vanish if the CP-violating phase δ is equal to a unique value determined by the three leptonic mixing angles. Validation of this result would beg for a new symmetry in the three-neutrino sector. Neutrino flavor ratios evolve according to this P matrix. The evolved flavor ratios are best exhibited in a triangular flavor diagram. We prove a theorem, that the area of this Earthly flavor triangle is proportional to the determinant of the P matrix. This theorem therefore relates the triangle's area to the invertiblity of P. The triangle is thin. We relate this thinness to the small deviations of the two angles θ32 and θ13 from their TBM values. Finally, we consider ramifications of the expected lack of ντ injection at cosmic sources. With the use of the Earthly flavor triangle, some tests of this "no ντ injection" hypothesis are given. PACS numbers: 14.60.Pq, 95.55.Vj, 95.85.Ry ∗ Email: firstname.lastname@example.com † Email: email@example.com ‡ Email: firstname.lastname@example.com 1 ar X iv :1 41 1. 11 74 v1 [ he pph ] 5 N ov 2 01 4


Novel voltage mode filters based on a new architecture for a current feedback amplifier are proposed in this paper. The new biquads are attractive because they exhibit low Q- and /spl omega//sub 0/-variability due the constant bandwidth of the new amplifier used. Theoretical results as well as experimental results obtained using an AD844 and a 741 operational amplifier are presented.


We look at examples of dynamical systems on finite simple graphs. These systems correspond to partial differential equations in the continuum. This documents contains some notes related to a project supported by the HCRP Summer 2016 program with Annie Rak who submitted in November 2016 a senior thesis about advection, a particular aspect of this PDE topic.


A relatively new arena of public health practice, known as health promotion, attempts to address the underlying determinants of health, including social, cultural, economic and political factors, which contribute to global health inequities. The concept of health literacy, though still in the process of gaining universal recognition and utilization, has developed from this perspective and is a key outcome of health promotion, as well as conventional information, education and communication (IEC) initiatives. Within the context of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa, the following paper discusses the need to develop health literacy programs and goals based on empowerment and human rights education models designed to facilitate societal level changes. Lessons learned from past HIV/AIDS prevention approaches and characteristics of successful empowerment strategies are presented. Examples of potential best practices in health literacy using traditional media and popular entertainment tools, including promising Internet-based initiatives, are given. Lastly, several policy and practice recommendations are made relative to the advancement of health literacy in sub-Saharan Africa as a weapon against the further progression of the HIV/AIDS epidemic.


BACKGROUND
Along with quantitative measures, pain symptoms may help inform early interventions to prevent prolonged standing induced low back pain (LBP); however, the relationship between quantitative and qualitative measures has not been assessed.

OBJECTIVE
Determine the relationship between qualitative and quantitative measures of pain development during prolonged standing induced LBP development.

METHODS
Thirty-five participants performed two-hours of standing. A Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and the Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire were used to assess the participant's LBP every 7.5-minutes. Participants were classified as a pain developer (PD) based on VAS scores or three consecutive pain symptom reports.

RESULTS
Pain symptom reports occurred 31.3 (±24.8) minutes earlier than the VAS reports. Eight participants (44%) were non-PDs with the VAS and PDs with the symptom method (p = 0.0047).

CONCLUSIONS
A subset of participants who were not categorized as LBP developers during prolonged standing using the VAS method still report LBP symptoms. The inclusion of pain symptom reporting could provide additional information for practitioners when identifying individuals who would benefit from early interventions for standing induced LBP.


Numerous species of the genus Acinetobacter have been known to cause various nosocomial infections. An insight into the pathogenesis of Acinetobacter baylyi reveals that it is a potent organism in causing nosocomial infections. In this study, choke point analysis of the entire metabolic network of A. baylyi is performed to assess potential drug targets. Potential drug targets are proposed based on the analysis of the top 8 choke points in the bacterial network. A comparative study between the reported top 8 bacterial choke points and the human metabolic network was performed. Further biological inferences were made on results obtained by performing a homology search against the human genome. The study was successful in listing out of the potential drug targets from these pathways which may be useful for the discovery of broad-spectrum drugs.


In this paper, it is revealed that the lossless current sensing structure is very similar to the well known Maxwell bridge. The matching condition in lossless current sensing is the same as the balance equation in Maxwell bridge. In practice, it is difficult to meet the matching condition due to the parameter value variations. However, it is shown that in current mode control, at certain time constant mismatching situations, the circuit dynamic response actually could be improved. Furthermore, a "speedy capacitor" could be added to the lossless current sensing circuitry to significantly improve the sensed current signal to noise ratio and avoid jittery operation in wide DC-DC conversion ratio applications.


Platoon steel,which be used with single hydraulic prop for temporary support in the coal mine,recycled up with seriously deformed and can not be reused.The existing press can not reach the required pressure and can not straighten those steel.So,designed a specifically press for this situation.


The genus Thottea comprises about 35 species distributed from India throughout Southeast Asia. However, most of the species have a narrow distribution. A first molecular phylogeny based on the chloroplast trnK intron, matK gene and trnK-psbA spacer is presented and confirms the monophyly of the genus according to Hou in 1981. Earlier subdivisions into the sections or genera Apama and Thottea could not be substantiated since both proved to be paraphyletic with respect to each other. The taxonomic and systematic history of Thottea is discussed with respect to molecular and morphological data. Thottea piperiformis is sister to all other species, which gives limited recognition to Asiphonia piperiformis as proposed by Huber (1985). Thottea tomentosa, one of the smallest and most widespread species is subsequently sister to all remaining species. Thottea diversified in two biogeographic regions: the Western Ghats in India and the Indo-Malayan region. A high degree of endemism is observed resulting from the presence of very few species shared between islands, which might be the result of a single colonisation and subsequent radiation. Within Piperales, Thottea holds a key position between the herbaceous Asaroideae and the woody Aristolochioideae.


Pretreatment with ADO prevents the PMA-induced increase in the fluid filtration coefficient (K{sub f}) in isolated perfused rabbit lungs. ADO can block the synthesis of LTs. This study determined whether the protective effect of ADO in PMA induced injury was due to decreased LT production. Isolated rabbit lungs were perfused with a 1:1 mixture of blood and 6% albumin in Krebs-Henseleit buffer. K{sub f} was measured after hemodynamic and weight stabilization and then 30 min after PMA. Perfusate samples were collected after each K{sub f} measurement for determination of LTC{sub 4} and LTD{sub 4} by RIA. The specific role of LT was studied by pretreating with MK-886, a LT synthesis inhibitor. In the vehicle pretreatment group, PMA caused a significant increase in K{sub f} and LTC{sub 4} + LTD{sub 4}. ADO inhibited both the increase in K{sub f} and in LTC{sub 4} + LTD{sub 4}. Pretreatment with MK-886 blocked the PMA-induced increase in LT but did not inhibit the K{sub f} increase. ADO alters the production of LTC{sub 4} + LTD{sub 4} following PMA; but it is probably not the mechanism by which ADO prevents the increase in microvascular permeability.


Significant numbers of calcareous nannofossils belonging to the genera Lotharingius, Wdtznaueria and Carinolithus have been recorded from the Lower and Middle Jurassic of Tethys. Four new species of calcareous nannofossils are described in the present work. These species are age-diagnostic for the interval spanning the Late Domerian-Middle Toarcian, and help reconstructions of the phyletic relationships between the genera Lotharingius Wdtznaueria and Calyculus Carinolithus. Although never abundant, these new species are commonly found in the Toarcian and Aalenian of several Tethyan and some Boreal sections.


To analyze the distribution parameter characteristics of UHV transmission line,we put forward the least square matrix pencil method(LSMPM) to identify the harmonic components of fault current,established a simulation model of UHV transmission line by EMTP software,and presented the decaying characteristics of free components under single fault and three-phase short circuit fault by the least square matrix pencil method.The simulation result shows that the method can accurately compute the frequencies,and the decaying factors and corresponding amount because the signal model of LSMPM can be generally written as the sum of a series of decaying exponentials.The results between dynamic simulation system and EMTP model are compared.The results from dynamic simulation analysis show that the model in the EMTP simulation is suitable,and this algorithm is suitable for transient harmonic analysis and gives some guideline in transient protection.


"Retransition" is a transition in the end of the development of the Sonata form, used to return to the tonic, leading to the recapitulation. Although many theorists have recognized the affective role of the retransition in music listening, the essence of the retransition is still not explored. Because of its shortness in length and transitional nature, the retransition has gotten no attention for a long time. It was also not considered as a complete section, but a small unit being attached to the development. However, the importance of retransition would be obvious if we consider three aspects: first, the retransition works as a closure of development and a sign of recapitulation; second, it is usually a significant event in listening and cognition; third, it sets the stage for what is one of the central events in the Sonata form - the release of tension that coincides with the reappearance of the opening material in the tonic. This study aims at examining the tension-relaxation patterns at the retransition to the recapitulation with the perspective of expectation. First, the study classifies the Sonata form into two main types, "continuity" and "discontinuity"; then addresses some expectation-related hypotheses, and analyzes the similarity of the retransition by calculating its musical characters; finally, surveys the physiological states of listeners while listening to the retransition. The result of physiological measurement shows that there are usually increases of skin conductance and respiration depth while listening to the retransition. The response of skin conductance display that the retransition is a progress of constructing musical tension; while the increase of respiration depth can be interpreted as satisfaction of listeners for the recapitulations meet their expectations.


The strength of competition and necessity of fighting for work potential making up particular firm feature in economic environment describing new hierarchy of remuneration's determinants and their relations. They give new rank to the market remunerations' reports. The article introduces questionnaire results which identify model of shaping remunerations in an isolated group of Polish companies and determine the role of factors influencing remunerations, coming from information on remuneration market.


This paper is an attempt to trace back the emergence and the formation (the constitutive factors) of the discourse on women in Taekeukhakbo during the Korea's enlightenment period, more precisely, in 1905-1910. Taekeukhakbo is the major academic journal during that time. In order to examine the socio-historical conditions and the constitutive factors of women's discourse in Taekeukhakbo, this work should be understood/dealt within the context of the making of modern 'nation-state' discourse and civilization-enlightenment. Obviously, they are the major dominant discourses during that time. This paper will mainly deal with the following topics: how they define 'women'; what is to be women; what are women's duties and positions in the social reality of the time; what is a good mother and wife; in what context, the discourse of good mother and wise wife are produced and mostly needed; how 'real' women writers as historical beings acted and reacted to those dominant female's values and social norms. Initially, the discourse of women in Taekeukhakbo operates in the framework of the concepts and ideologies on modern nation-state and civilization-enlightenment. Within doing so, Korean 'women' emerged as new gungmin(國民, the citizen of nation-state) in the public communication world of Korea. Korean women are identified as gungmin (identification). To create the new identity of modern women, they often utilize a series of contrasts; duality, opposition, and symmetry. In this sense, western women are modernized (civilized women) and educated, which are the representations of ideal women. In this discourse, Korean women are often described as slave for or inferiors to Korean men. More importantly, the discourse of Korean women and its constitutive principles often present paradoxes. For example, Korean women are equal as gungmin like men. They, however, are to be gendered gungmin such as wise mothers and good wives excluded from the society. The women's discourse in Taekeukhakbo are constructed through either the difference or equality of gender.


This manual describes the batch computing system running under MVS (Multiple Virtual Storage) on the IBM computers (two IBM 3033's) at Argonne National Laboratory. It serves as a guide to the Argonne MVS batch computing environment and recommends practices and modes of operation. It explains the terminology and conventions used at Argonne, describes some Job Control Language (JCL) needed to run your MVS batch jobs, and shows how to manage data files on disk and tape devices.


The paper reports for the first time the occurrence of Ulua mandibularis in the Indian seas. A detailed description of the species is given including several important and additional characters. The changes in body form, in the soft dorsal fin length and in the dentition with growth of fish are described and illustrated. A study of the descriptions of U. mandibularis (Macleay) and U. richardsoni Jordan and Snyder in the light of the present observations reveals them to be synonymous, the latter being the junior synonym


Our legal setting has a great deal of provisions concerning citizen involvement in local administration. Recent strategies being implemented for allowing citizen participation substantiate in the creation of new tools for the direct participation of citizens. Notwithstanding these efforts, cultural DOSSIER


Aspergillus spp. are prevalent in the environment and commonly isolated from soil. Microscopic characteristics of the genus are mainly defined by the aspergillum-like conidia bearing structure or conidial head. In most cases this structure is essential for rapid and quick identification in the laboratory especially for detection of Aspergillus spp. that are known to be clinically important. In the present study, several Aspergillus spp. isolated from beach sand were microscopically identified based on the characteristics of the conidial head and conidia of which seven species were identified. Microscopic observation was done using a light microscope and scanning electron microscope. The species were identified as A. aculeatus, A. carbonarius, A. niger, A. flavus, A. tamarii, A. terreus and A. sydowii. The results showed the characteristics of conidial head and the shape of conidia can be used as preliminary identification of Aspergillus spp. to sort the species into sections as well as to species levels for certain species.


This paper discusses the consensus problem for a kind of nonlinear fractional-order multi-agent system (FOMAS) by employing the passivity of every agent. Distinguishing from the integer-order multi-agent systems, a concept of passivity for FOMAS is given. On one side, a passivity criterion is presented for the FOMAS by resorting to the Lyapunov functional method. On the other side, with the help of the Laplace transform, a consensus criterion for the FOMAS is obtained under the condition that the FOMAS is output-strictly passive. Lastly, the effectiveness of the obtained criterion is verified by a numerical example with simulations.


Medical training is notoriously difficult, and the motivation to learn and teach can decline with time. Building from the principles of selfdetermination theory, we provide reflections of a trainee, a trainee and supervisor, and a faculty supervisor on the role of promoting autonomy, relatedness, and competence in motivating learners to learn and teachers to teach. This active approach to learning and teaching can be an empowering practice to ultimately improve clinical experience and performance.


1. The inhibitory effects produced by activation of the medial region of caudal medulla on activities of the left and right cardiac sympathetic, vagus and greater splanchnic nerves were studied in chloralose‐urethane anaesthetized cats.


EDITOR'S NOTE:Following is an interview given to our staff reporter by Chinese Minister Tian Chengping of Labor and Social Security on protection of the people's right to labor,which is an important part of the national endeavor to protect human rights.The minister spoke on a range of questions,including employment and reemployment of workers in Chinese cities,wages of migrant workers from the countryside,efforts to narrow the gap of income between different population groups,and protection of the legitimate rights and interests of the working masses.


In the Philadelphia positive bcr negative acute leukemias (Ph1+bcr- AL), the chromosomal breakpoints on chromosome 22 have been shown clustered within 10.8kb (bcr2) and 5kb (bcr3) fragments of the first intron of the BCR gene. We previously reported that the breakpoints were localized in Alu repeats on chromosomes 9 and 22 in a Ph1+bcr- acute lymphoblastic leukemia with a rearrangement involving bcr2. Molecular data of two other Ph1 translocations, one a Ph1+bcr- acute myeloblastic leukemia in the bcr2 region, and the other an acute lymphoblastic leukemia in the bcr3 region are presented. In the former, the breakpoints on chromosomes 9 and 22 are localized in Alu repeats, in regions with two inverted Alu sequences, as in our previously reported case. In the second leukemia, the breakpoints are not located in Alu sequences, but such repeats are found in their vicinity. The implications of these findings are discussed.


We propose that tapping and other sensory stimulation procedures globally increase serotonin. The important structures specifically involved in this therapy are the prefrontal cortex and the amygdala. The success of this technique requires that glutamate first be increased in the circuit that involves the conditioning stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus. This analysis does not define sequences for tapping. We suggest the name Psychosensory Therapy to encompass this specific treatment as well as to define a broader new paradigm for the treatment of these problems.


And remember Nicky who is talking about her travels. It's your turn to practice, with or without your script (WS 4).


Bonokeling society that lives in Pekuncen village, Jatilawang subdistrict, Banyumas regency, are the adherents of "Islam Blangkon" or known as "Islam Kejawen". Ancestral figure who became a role model and whom they ask for something is Bonokeling. As the adherents of Kejawen, Bonokeling people has many ritual beliefs, regularly scheduled and did not. This research aims to find the pattern of rituals procession of Bonokeling people and its influence on spatial settlement of the Bonokeling society.


Thirty-five patients with steno-occlusive disease (Moyamoya disease [n = 24], Moyamoya syndrome [n = 3], atherosclerosis [n = 6], vasculitis [n = 1], and idiopathic stenosis [n = 1]) who underwent unilateral brain revascularization using a direct superficial temporal artery–to-MCA bypass were evaluated. WM cerebrovascular reactivity was measured preoperatively and postoperatively using BOLD MR imaging during iso-oxic hypercapnic changes in end-tidal carbon dioxide. WM cerebrovascular reactivity significantly improved after direct unilateral superficial temporal artery–to-MCA bypass in the revascularized hemisphere in the MCA territory and in the anterior cerebral artery territory. BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: One feature that patients with steno-occlusive cerebrovascular disease have in common is the presence of white matter (WM) lesions on MRI. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of direct surgical revascularization on impaired WM cerebrovascular reactivity in patients with steno-occlusive disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We recruited 35 patients with steno-occlusive disease, Moyamoya disease (n = 24), Moyamoya syndrome (n = 3), atherosclerosis (n = 6), vasculitis (n = 1), and idiopathic stenosis (n = 1), who underwent unilateral brain revascularization using a direct superficial temporal artery–to-MCA bypass (19 women; mean age, 45.8 ± 16.5 years). WM cerebrovascular reactivity was measured preoperatively and postoperatively using blood oxygen level–dependent (BOLD) MR imaging during iso-oxic hypercapnic changes in end-tidal carbon dioxide and was expressed as %Δ BOLD MR signal intensity per millimeter end-tidal partial pressure of CO2. RESULTS: WM cerebrovascular reactivity significantly improved after direct unilateral superficial temporal artery–to-middle cerebral artery (STA-MCA) bypass in the revascularized hemisphere in the MCA territory (mean ± SD, −0.0005 ± 0.053 to 0.053 ± 0.046 %BOLD/mm Hg; P < .0001) and in the anterior cerebral artery territory (mean, 0.0015 ± 0.059 to 0.021 ± 0.052 %BOLD/mm Hg; P = .005). There was no difference in WM cerebrovascular reactivity in the ipsilateral posterior cerebral artery territory nor in the vascular territories of the nonrevascularized hemisphere (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: Cerebral revascularization surgery is an effective treatment for reversing preoperative cerebrovascular reactivity deficits in WM. In addition, direct–STA-MCA bypass may prevent recurrence of preoperative symptoms.


Concrete multi-hole small block produced by Liutie Company as a kind of new building material has good market prospects.Through the compressive experiment,the elastic modulus of the concrete multi-hole small block is obtained and the numerical simulation is conducted.And it can provide the basis for revising and working out technical regulations.


Public policy scholars have stressed the importance and need for "comparing" since the 1970s—including comparing different policies, inputs, outputs, and outcomes across institutional settings. Broken down into three categories, this research note highlights recent work in comparative public policy. The first type of research is characterized by its use of the comparative method to answer two primary research questions: How do policies differ across countries, and why do they diverge? To do this, scholars in this category borrow from a myriad of literatures including economics, risk analysis, and cultural theory. The second and third categories of research add to this long-existing stream of scholarly work by using the comparative method to advance our understanding of the policy process. To achieve this, research focusing on the theories of the policy process includes two emerging trends: comparing theories across institutional configurations (how differing institutional arrangements affect policies), and comparing theories to one another (how different theories of the policy process help explain certain issues). By highlighting these recent publications, the goal of this essay is to encourage scholars from all three categories to collaborate and provide a further impetus to the subfield of comparative public policy.


The NBS laser scanner has been used to make measurements on the solar cell test pattern, NBS-22, to verify the theoretical calculations of Sawyer, Lehovec, and Fedotowski. The photovoltaic response from cells with controlled sheet resistance step changes and breaks in the metallization contact to the cell was measured and compared to the theoretical predictions. Laser scanner limits of resolution were identified and proposed improvements were discussed. Preliminary measurements indicate that it is possible to measure the sheet resistance of the emitter layer of solar cells with an accuracy of several percent, using the laser scanner.


Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), also known as squamous cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma, is a cutaneous malignant neoplasm that appears frequently in felines, presenting in this species a distinct behavior of the other species. Prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light seems to be one of the etiologic factors of the disease, just as the hypopigmented and low-hair areas are the most affected. The color of the coat is one of the predisposing factors, it is known that white-coated cats are more likely to present the disease when compared to the pigmented ones. Regarding localization, most of the lesions are observed in the head and more often in the nasal plane, followed by the auricles and eyelids, and may present in varied forms as proliferative or erosive. The diagnostic suspicion comes through the history and clinical characteristics of the lesions, but for diagnostic definition cytological and histopathological examination is necessary. Precocity in diagnosis has a fundamental effect on prognosis. There are several treatment modalities for squamous cell carcinoma including surgery, ionizing radiation, chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy, electrochemotherapy and cryosurgery. Cryosurgery consists of the controlled use of low temperatures in order to induce cell death. The objective of this work was to report two cases of felines diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma treated with different protocols. Animal 1 is a 10-year-old, male, 10-year-old male with ulcerative lesion in the nasal plane for approximately 6 months, attended at the Veterinary Clinic in Olinda-PE. The diagnosis was made through a cytological examination, identifying squamous cell carcinoma. The treatment established was cryosurgery, but the animal did not receive a favorable treatment response, probably due to the delay in the search for veterinary care, which delayed the diagnosis and consequently aggravated the neoplastic lesion making it difficult to treat. The animal was submitted to euthanasia after worsening of its clinical condition, 2 months after starting the treatment. Animal 2 is a 14-year-old undefined female feline with ulcerative lesion in the left ear. The diagnosis was made through cytology and histopathology. The established treatment was surgery. To date, the animal has not had any complications.