The proximate composition and sensory evaluation of chicken patties incorporated with various levels of grey oyster mushroom (Pleurotus sajor-caju, PSC) were studied. The chicken patties were formulated with either 0%, 25% or 50% of fresh PSC. Results show chicken patty formulated with 25% PSC had protein content of 17.46% lower than the control patty which had 18.13% but it was not significant. However, protein content reduces significantly when chicken meat being replaced with 50% PSC. Meanwhile, both cooked chicken patties containing 25% and 50% PSC significantly recorded lower concentration of fat at 10.67% and 7.15%, respectively. In addition, patty incorporated with 25% PSC had moisture content of 56.91% which is significantly lower than patty formulated with 50% which had moisture of 58.80%. In the sensory evaluation, there were no differences recorded in all sensory attributes of PSC-based patties judged by untrained panellists. The reduction of sensory scores for springiness and juiciness attributes were observed parallel with the level of PSC used in the patty formulations due to the higher moisture content of fresh PSC used in the formulation. Incorporation of ground PSC to replace partially chicken meat reduces fat and ash but increase moisture content of cooked patties. The addition of PSC at 25% to partially replace chicken meat can be recommended for the purpose of lowering production cost and fat content while unchanging the protein content. On the other hand, incorporation of 50% of PSC in chicken patties reduces all proximate composition except for moisture content but maintaining the overall acceptability of chicken patties.


Background Sex partner concurrency probably accelerates the spread of sexually transmitted disease (STD) and HIV, yet few data exist on population prevalence or correlates. Goal The goal of the study was to compare definitions and estimate the frequency of concurrent partnerships and to identify individual and partnership correlates of con-currency. Study Design A random-digit-dialing survey (n = 637) was performed to collect demographic information, sexual history and history of STD, and partnership characteristics. Results Men reported concurrency more frequently than women. For men, lifetime partners (odds ratio [OR], 1.15 per partner; 95% CI, 1.07–1.23), a night in jail (OR, 1.99; 95% CI, 1.03–3.82), and same sex partners (OR, 1.88; 95% CI, 0.92–3.84) were associated with concurrency. Important factors for women were first coitus before age 16 (OR, 2.90; 95% CI, 1.38–6.10), lifetime partners (OR, 1.09 per partner; 95% CI, 1.01–1.16), and STD diagnoses during relationship (OR, 3.53; 95% CI, 1.55–8.05). Partnership characteristics associated with concurrency included lifetime partners (OR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.05–1.14), race discordance (OR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.14–2.59), married/living together (OR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.36–0.98), night in jail (OR, 2.04; 95% CI, 1.32–3.17), partnership duration of >6 months (OR, 2.43; 95% CI, 1.41–4.19), and STD diagnoses during relationship (OR, 2.68; 95% CI, 1.42–5.07). Conclusions Concurrency was independently associated with individual STD risk. Sex differences may reflect true behavioral differences or differential reporting.


This qualitative case study sought to illuminate the voices of elementary educators experiencing reform. Common and disparate concerns in reform from both elementary teachers and administrators were explored. The study revealed the motivations, desires and fears of 14 elementary teachers and three administrators through semi-structured interviews. Teacher interview data revealed a passion for teaching, the ethical tensions involved in reform, and the ways their sense of competence is challenged by reform. An examination of administrators' assumptions regarding reform/trend cycles, issues of time for reform, and a failure to engage teachers in decision making were presented. The findings indicated both teachers and administrators care for students, but a strong theme of care revealed itself as a "hidden" curriculum in the main concerns of teachers. In addition, findings showed reform disrupts the relationships between teachers, administrators and students. Analysis of the data also indicated a lack of clarity in communication from administrators to teachers, an assumption by administrators that teachers do not need time to adjust to reform, and while dialogue in reform exists between administration and teachers, teachers are usually excluded from decision-making in reform initiatives. Recommendations for administrators and policy makers include applying Kotter's (1996) eight change stages and the translated lessons from the data in reform. Future study could include an examination of standardized testing and reform on students' emotional safety, as well as the notion that reform creates competition between teachers, schools and districts. ENGAGING ELEMENTARY TEACHERS IN REFORM iv DEDICATION This dissertation is dedicated to my father who was not physically present on my journey but I know he was smiling and supporting me all the way. I would also like to dedicate this paper to teachers who make a difference in the lives of students every day. ENGAGING ELEMENTARY TEACHERS IN REFORM v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Completing this dissertation involved the work and support from many individuals. First, I want to thank my dissertation committee: Chair, Dr. Deb DeMeester, Dr. Tom Fish, and Dr. Stephen Brookfield. Thank you for your wisdom, support and insightfulness not only on the work of this paper, but as the professors of many of my classes. Your modeling of educational professionalism, talent, and care reflects the excellence with which educators should aspire. May I emulate and share the gifts you have given. To my husband, Patrick, thank you for all of the support and love you have given me in the past years. I realize raising a four-pawed furry creature, taking care of household chores by yourself, and making sure I had "office time" was not an easy task. To my mom and dad for living, breathing, and embodying the importance of a good education and of course, to my mom, for her fiscal and emotional support. Thank you to all my friends and family who showed an interest (or perhaps feigned an interest to humor me) in my work and supported me with love. Thank you to the Doctorate in Educational Leadership Staff at the Minneapolis Campus at the University of St. Thomas. May you carry on your cohort tradition and engage many future members in the visions of powerful leadership. Lastly, I want to thank the members of Cohort 23. The cohort model is amazing and the members of our small yet talented, spiritual, and supportive group are outstanding. I could not have survived it without you! May we be "Forever Young" and sing, laugh, and share again soon! ENGAGING ELEMENTARY TEACHERS IN REFORM vi


Tumours in and around Illrd Ventricular region have always presented a challenge because of dif{irulty in diagnosis and treatment, he anatomy and pathology of this region is complex. Clinically symptoms and signs are related to either increased intracranial pressure or infiltration or compression of nuclei and pathways. MRI is the investigation of choice. The management includes surgery, irradiation and chemotherapy. Operative approaches from every conceivable angle have been developed but choice of the right route and good microsurgical technique has made surger safe.


Hydraulic cylinder actuators are used extensively in industrial, construction and agricultural works. The small sized outlet ports of the cylinders resist the flow of discharged oil; and as a result the piston motion is slowed down. This causes a lot of heat generation and energy loss within the actuators. The study investigates and analyzes the possibilities of reducing the hydraulic resistance and increasing efficiency of the hydraulic actuator. Conventional hydraulic cylinders are simulated in FLUENT. Results show that the small outlet ports are the sources of energy loss in hydraulic cylinders. A new hydraulic system was proposed as a solution to relieve the hydraulic resistance in the actuators. The proposed system is a four ports hydraulic cylinder fitted with a novel flow control valve. The proposed four ports cylinder was simulated and parameters such as ports sizes, loads and pressures are varied during the simulation. The hydraulic resisting forces, piston speed and mass flow rates are computed. Results show that the hydraulic resistance is significantly reduced in the proposed four ports actuators; and the proposed cylinders run faster than the conventional cylinders and a considerable amount of energyis


One of the main casualties of education policy, including the EBacc, has been RE. But now the subject's supporters have hit back, carrying out an 18-month review and producing a new curriculum framework to raise the status of RE. Teacher Kate Christopher explains.


Necessary and sufficient conditions are given for the uniform convergence over an arbitrary index set in von Neumann's mean and Birkhoff's pointwise ergodic theorem. Three different types of conditions already known from probability theory are investigated. Firstly it is shown that the property of being eventually totally bounded in the mean is necessary and sufficient. This condition involves as a particular case Blum-DeHardt's theorem which offers the best known sufficient condition for the uniform law of large numbers in the independent case. Secondly it is shown that eventual tightness is necessary and sufficient. In this way a link with a weak convergence is obtained. Finally it is shown that the existence of some particular totally bounded pseudo-metrics is necessary and sufficient. The conditions derived are of Lipschitz type, while the method of proof relies upon a result of independent interest, called the uniform ergodic lemma. This result considerably extends Hopf-Yosida-Kakutani's maximal ergodic lemma to a form more suitable for examinations of the uniform convergence under consideration. From this lemma an inequality is also derived which extends the classical (weak) maximal ergodic inequality to the uniform case. In addition, a uniform approximation by means of a dense family of maps satisfying the uniform ergodic theorem in a trivial way is investigated, and a particular result of this type is established. This approach is in the spirit of the classical Hilbert space method for the mean ergodic theorem of von Neumann, and therefore from the ergodic theory point of view it could be seen as the natural one. After this, a simple characterization is obtained for the uniform convergence of moving averages. Finally, a counter-example is constructed for a symmetrization inequality in the stationary ergodic case. This inequality is known to be of vital importance to support the Vapnik-Chervonenkis random entropy approach in the independent case. Further developments in this direction are indicated.


We are reporting gravimetric measurements of adsorption isotherms and kinetics of water vapor in single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs). Adsorption was facilitated in an open configuration. Adsorption capacities of SWNTs were found to be approximately one-half of those of activated carbon and activated carbon fiber. The water adsorption isotherms of SWNTs followed type V characteristics, which are typical for a surface chemistry mediated adsorption of water. The isotherm models, the Dubinin−Serpinski equation and the Do equation, were fitted to the SWNT isotherms. The information about the SWNT surface chemistry could be extracted from data fitting to these equations and was found to be consistent with the same observed from Raman scattering of the SWNTs. The adsorption and desorption rate constants were calculated for all SWNT samples as a function of relative pressure using the linear-driving force model commonly used for activated carbons. The rate constants for both carbon types were in the general ra...


A multiplicity of tests has been devised to determine the brittle fracture susceptibility of a steel or, as it is commonly put, to determine the transition temperature above which it is hoped that brittle fracture would not take place in a structure in service and below which brittle fracture would be a likely probability. It is believed the proposed criterion provides a rational method of determining whether or not a particular structural element is susceptible to brittle fracture in service and would allow an accurate assessment of the brittle fracture susceptibility to be made. It is realized that each structure would have to be assessed individually. This is however the procedure that has had to be adopted with respect to fatigue failures where the fatigue characteristics of different structural details are determined experimentally and individually.


: Under the background of "new engineering", in order to improve the training quality of applied talents, wireless sensor network technology, as the core course of Internet of Things engineering, must change the traditional teacher centered and content based teaching mode. Aiming at the problems existing in traditional teaching, this paper proposes teaching reform based on OBE concept. Under the teaching concept of OBE, with students as the center, "learning output" as the goal, and project implementation as the carrier, reform the curriculum system, teaching methods, curriculum assessment and other aspects, and expect to evaluate students' learning effects through a scientific evaluation system, and constantly improve the teaching quality.


To analyze how insertion devices affect electron beam dynamics, it is necessary to know the three-dimensional distribution of the magnetic field. This is of particular value for non-standard wiggler designs, such as with trapezoidal or staggered magnetic blocks, or with alternate pole canting. It is generally shown in this paper that by knowing the two-dimensional distribution of the magnetic field at the median plane of the insertion device, it is possible to calculate the three-dimensional distribution of this field over all space. The analytical expressions for the magnetic field components are derived for the general case, both for planar and non-planar insertion devices. The obtained magnetic field satisfies Maxwell equations.


In their paper, Hawkey et al ( Gut 2001; 49 :372–9) report on the use of blood in the stomach as a surrogate of hard end points such as rebleeding, need for surgery, and death in a group of patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding randomised to placebo, tranexamic acid, lansoprazole, or both lansoprazole and tranexamic acid. Using logistic regression analyses, they found that blood in the stomach was predictive of clinical outcome and that the active medications decreased the gastric pool size at endoscopy. The authors suggest that although the medications did not significantly improve the rates of clinical outcomes, they would probably do so in a trial of sufficient sample size given the effect achieved on the surrogate endoscopic end point. These conclusions should be viewed with caution, if not with skepticism, for several reasons. Firstly, it is interesting that the authors chose the presence of blood in the stomach as a substitute end point based on a previous study in which no statistical difference was found for the prevalence of this endoscopic sign alone between patients randomised to placebo and omeprazole.1 Rather, …


Purpose: Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is a rare autosomal dominant cancer syndrome characterized by the development of multiple neuroendocrine tumors. The condition requires lifelong surveillance and multiple medical and surgical therapies throughout the patient's life. For all these reasons, a diagnosis of MEN1 can be a psychological shock for the patient, as well as his/her relatives. Over the past two decades, clinicians have started to consider the emotional, psychological, relational and social aspects of MEN1 patients' lives, as these may be important considerations in the clinical and therapeutic management of these patients. Methods: This paper reviews and critically analyzes perceptions of MEN1-related quality of life (QoL) in patients diagnosed with the syndrome and in relatives, highlighting the unique features of MEN1 syndrome compared with a single tumor diagnosis. Results: Interestingly, studies in MEN1 patients have shown that a relatively high percentage of them, despite having a complex multi-tumor syndrome, were moderately optimistic (50%), self-reporting a normal QoL. This positive response correlated with the fact that these patients were cared for at dedicated referral centers, where personalized care and constant follow-up provide them with reassurance that they are receiving high quality of management of their disorder. Conclusions: The possibility of having access to a clinical referral center for this complex rare disease, together with the support of a dedicated patient association, emerged as the ideal model for the management of post-diagnosis shock, and appeared to contribute to the preservation of good health-related quality of life in MEN1 patients.


The invention relates to constant temperature clothing applied to high temperature and low temperature environments to adjust microclimatic environment of clothing of a user. The constant temperature clothing comprises a heating layer 1, a constant temperature energy storage layer 2 and outer-layer clothing 3, wherein the heating layer 1 is used for heating the constant temperature clothing and providing heat; the constant temperature energy storage layer 2 can absorb heat in the high temperature environment to adjust the body temperature of the user and can also release heat in the low temperature environment to keep warm; the constant temperature energy storage layer 2 is made of a phase-change material of which the phase-change temperature is in a temperature range to enable the user to feel comfortable and can well adjust the microclimatic environment of the user in the high temperature and low temperature environments; the outer-layer clothing 3 can be made of a function material and is used for enhancing the temperature adjusting effect of the constant temperature energy storage layer and prolonging the active working time of the constant temperature clothing.


Based on thermal stability research, a binder for dry vibrating refractories was selected. A new environment-friendly dry vibrating refractory was prepared by adopting the selected binder. The permanent linear change, apparent porosity, bulk density, cold crushing strength (CCS) and modulus of rupture (MOR) of the specimens were tested by the chinese national standard. The dry vibration refractories were successfully used in the lining material for continuous casting tundish.


Cellular immunity and blood serum levels of parathyroid hormone have been studied in patients with gestoses depending on the disease severity. Progressive immune depression accompanied by a parallel drop in parathyroid hormone level up to critical values has been demonstrated in patients with eclampsia. The patients with pre-eclampsia were treated postoperatively with t-activin. Cellular immunity was compared in patients on and off t-activin. A marked immunostimulating effect of the drug on T-lymphocytes and especially on theophylline-resistant T-lymphocyte subpopulations has been revealed. The effect of t-activin was most marked on the 3rd-5th day of the postoperative period.


We demonstrate the concept of an anti-rod dimer planar metamaterial with strong birefringence and optical activity in the THz range. The retrieval of circular transmission components shows an asymmetric transmission effect for right-to-left and left-to-right polarization conversion.


Using numerical simulation software Fluent 6.0 to analyse the performance of the heat exchanger components in a tube,besides,contrast the result by experiment under the same conditions.Compared with the disadvantage of the radial spoiler of the twisted tape,conclude that the self-rotating rotor is better.In this way,it can improve the coefficient of heat transfer,and it can forceful guide the practical use.


In order to enhance the quality of university' s capital construction and the management of funds, to carry out the construction principle "A hundred of vital and lasting importance calls above all for good quality" practically, to guarantee the reasonable and valid use of funds, an excellent project engineer should have higher political character, business character, organization ability and high responsibilities, So that the engineer could be responsible for the engineering quality degree of progress and the investment.


A multiple price list is useful for eliciting a Willingness-to-Pay (WTP) and a possible Lower Limit (LL) under which the demand is zero. This multiple price list implies an aggregate demand determined by the number of participants whose WTP is greater than the market price and whose LL is below this market price. From a survey focusing on meat demand, we show that this aggregate demand leads to multiple price equilibria.


Cesarean birth leads to a markedly different microbiome compared to vaginal birth, and the microbiome has been implicated in childhood obesity. Among mothers who had a previous cesarean, we compared anthropometry of 3‐ to 6‐year‐old children who were subsequently born by cesarean section versus vaginal birth. This large population‐based study involved linking de‐identified administrative perinatal and anthropometric data. Children's weight and height were collected at community‐based clinics and converted to age‐ and sex‐adjusted z‐scores of height‐for‐age (HFAz), weight‐for‐age (WFAz) and BMI‐for‐age (BMIz). The average treatment effect (ATE) of cesarean versus vaginal birth was calculated from augmented inverse probability weighted analyses accounting for a wide range of confounding variables. There was little evidence of an effect of cesarean birth on HFAz (ATE = 0.26 95%CI −0.35, 0.87, n = 3993), WFAz (ATE = 0.35, 95%CI −0.19, 0.89, n = 4817) or BMIz (ATE = 0.11, 95%CI −0.25, 0.46, n = 3909). Cesarean section was not associated with anthropometry among children aged 3–6 years.


In order to design and operate successfully the pressure differential system for smoke control which uses difference of pressure between compartments of building, architectural factors affecting the pressure field of building should be examined and the stack effect is one of the important factors. The field experiments on pressure field in two buildings of 21 stories and 31 stories in summer and winter season with regard to on/off condition of the pressure differential system are carried out to evaluate the influence of stack effect to evacuation and smoke management of high-rise building. In winter season when the stack effect increases, as the pressure differential system starts to operate, the pressure in upper stair rises largely due to the combination effect of the air infiltration from lobby to stair and the stack effect.


The invention discloses a greasing agent for leather. The greasing agent for leather is characterized by being prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of palm oil, 5-15 parts of sulfonated vegetable oil, 5-10 parts of oleyl alcohol succinate sodium sulfonate, 5-10 parts of alkyl glycoside, 5-10 parts of a plant polyene phenol surfactant, 25-30 parts of distilled water and 0.2 part of a preservative. A preparation method of the greasing agent comprises the following steps: (1) adding palm oil, sulfonated vegetable oil and oleyl alcohol succinate sodium sulfonate in a reaction kettle No.1, raising temperature to 80 DEG C, and stirring for 30 minutes for standby application; (2) adding distilled water in a reaction kettle No.2, raising temperature to 40 DEG C, then slowly adding alkyl glycoside and the plant polyene phenol surfactant, stirring for 30 minutes, and the raising temperature to 60 DEG C; (3) slowly adding materials in the reaction kettle No.2 in the reaction kettle No.1 of a started stirrer, wherein the material adding process maintains 2-3 hours; (4) cooling to 35-40 DEG C, adding the preservative, stirring for 30 minutes, and thus obtaining the greasing agent for leather.


This thesis aim is to communicate to the reader how bicycles can serve a purpose as an economically, environmentally, and socially viable solution for transportation system in the Netherlands. To narrow it further, this research will focus on consumer behavior when they use bicycle in relating on the influencing factors mentioned above. While economical benefit is common motivation for people to cycle and social benefit is best observed within the Dutch society, the research will focus on the growing importance of environmental benefit offered by bicycle. To what extent the bicycle is able to attract people with the environmental benefit offered? Therefore the research under the scope of consumer behavior and decision making process will be expected as the way to understand the decision making process of people when they use bicycle. The writer will analyze how environmental stimulus will be able to attract bicycle use. The result of this research will be able to provide insight toward the bicycle sellers that wants to participate in the Dutch bicycle market by knowing appropriate marketing strategy that is accurate to address these environmental issues to increase the potential for the future sales. This thesis will be constructed into five chapters. The first chapter is an introduction. The second chapter will cover the theories being used. Chapter number three will convey how the research was carried out under the research methodology. Chapter four sum up the result of the research in chapter four and the last chapter. And chapter five will cover the conclusion and the recommendation for bicycle sellers in the Netherlands.


The research into growth characteristics of turkey hybrid was carried out on 60 one-day-old turkeys (30 toms and 30 hens) of Nicholas 700 provenience. The research lasted for 19 weeks. Each turkey was marked with a leg ring. During the experiment, turkeys were fed commercial mixtures. Evaluation of the inflection point and of separate growth phases was obtained by means of asymmetric S-function (Kralik and Scitovski,


Circumstances have resulted in a search to find new schematics for amplifiers and oscillators with field emitter arrays (FEA) turning to "classic" vacuum microwave devices. This report contains a review of several new devices that seem to be promising. The microelectronic analogs of traveling wave klystron (TWK), klystrode and cross-field amplifier (CFA) are described. Basic output parameters (gain, efficiency, etc.) of these devices are calculated.


Aims The objective of our systematic reviews and meta-analysis is to evaluate the clinical outcomes of RAS inhibitors for patients after TAVR. Methods and results We performed a comprehensive search for Embase, Pubmed, and Cochrane databases from inception to May 1, 2022. The analysis of all outcomes was performed using the random-effects model. In total, 7 articles with a total of 32,585 patients (RAS inhibitor, N = 14,871; Controls, N = 17,714) were included in our study. There was a significantly lower rates of all-cause mortality (RR = 0.76, 95%Cl = 0.68 to 0.86, P < 0.01), cardiovascular death (RR = 0.66, 95%Cl = 0.59–0.74, P < 0.01) and HF readmission (RR = 0.87, 95%Cl = 0.80–0.94, P < 0.01) in patients with RAS inhibitors compared with controls. Patients with RAS inhibitors also had lower rates of all-cause mortality (RR = 0.82, 95%Cl = 0.76–0.89, P < 0.01) and cardiovascular death (RR = 0.73, 95%Cl, 0.62–0.85, P < 0.01) after propensity matching. Conclusions In conclusion, our systematic reviews and meta-analysis demonstrated that RAS inhibitors could improve the clinical outcomes for patients after TAVR. Further large and high-quality trials should be conducted to support the use of RAS inhibitors for patients after TAVR.


Executive Summary The purpose of this study was to develop a better understanding of hardwood exports to the German market. A mail survey was conducted which resulted in a 47.8 percent rate of response. Of those German hardwood buyers responding to the survey, 71 percent purchased hardwood lumber directly from North America. The analysis of this survey data led to the following significant results: 1. North America supplied the largest percentage of German buyers with hardwood lumber. Europe (including German) was second followed by Southeast Asia, Africa and Central/South America. 2. In terms of volume, 40 percent of the lumber purchased by these German buyers was of North American origin. This amounted to 247,257 cubic meters. Tropical origin lumber accounted for 31 percent of the volume or 191,624 cubic meters. The remaining volume was mostly European (24 percent) origin. 3. Brokers, agents and importers comprised the largest percentage of German businesses purchasing North American hardwood lumber. However, 50 percent of the German sawmill operators/wood processors responding to the survey purchased hardwood lumber directly from North America. 4. Nineteen percent of the hardwood lumber imported was North American white oak. North American ash accounted for 5 percent of the volume while North American hard maple comprised 4 percent. Meanwhile tropical species equaled 31 percent of the total volume purchased by these German buyers. 5. Almost 58 percent of the lumber imported was graded FAS. An additional 13 percent was FAS1F while 16 percent was either Prime or Selects. Organizations that purchased the largest percentage of selects (as measured by the percent of overall lumber purchases) were brokers/agents, wood processors/sawmills and retailers. 6. Product features viewed to be most important when purchasing hardwood lumber were reported to be absence of surface checks, competitive pricing, grading accuracy, service and delivery quality, as well as, overall product quality. 7. Over half (51 percent) of the German buyers thought a commodity brand name identifying the producer and region of origin would be important in their purchase decision. 8. Fifty-three percent of the respondents indicated a willingness to purchase finished hardwood parts from North American suppliers. Parts mentioned in descending order of preference were furniture parts, panels, sanded blanks, mouldings, parquet parts and dimension component parts. 9. In terms of buyer satisfaction, the German buyers were generally pleased with North American suppliers. However, it should be noted that although the satisfaction ratings were in the acceptable …


Much study of simplicial complexes and the more general simplicial posets has been undertaken. In this thesis we introduce q-analogues (q a prime power) of these two familiar objects, called q–simplicial complexes and q–simplicial posets respectively. A simplicial complex is linked to finite sets and its subsets, the q–analogue is linked to a vector space (over the finite field of q elements) and its subspaces. This extends an idea of Gian-Carlo Rota in a 1971 paper. We build the language to describe these structures and obtain results that form the foundation of a study of these mathematical objects. This thesis, rather than one main result, builds up a string of results on q–simplicial posets. Important examples are described with emphasis on those associated to the subgroup lattice of finite groups. A focus is on the characterization of q–simplicial complexes, that is determining when q–simplicial posets form q–simplicial complexes. In the ordinary simplicial setting the problem is straightforward, while in the q-analogue setting the problem turns out to be extremely non-trivial. We exhibit two different approaches with the first giving a sufficiency criteria for the important examples associated to groups and giving modular representations of these groups. In the second approach a more generally applicable result is obtained by considering a generalization of the vertex sets of simplicial complexes to the q-analogue setting. We exhibit a class of q–simplicial posets which contain a simplicial complex as a subposet with this containment preserving certain properties. An important example is to be found in the subgroup lattice of the Symmetric Group. We also apply the ideas of modular homology to sequences of modules associated to the incidence structure of q–simplicial posets. We use these modules to obtain modular representations of finite groups.


[1] We assess microphysical and dynamical controls on cirrus cloud optical depth distributions [P(σ)] along idealized air parcel trajectories. We find P(σ) shape depends primarily on the ratio of the ice crystal fallout timescale to timescales of other microphysical and dynamical processes. With homogeneous freezing only, two P(σ) regimes emerged. In the limited fallout regime, relatively slow fallout allows complete depletion of the ice supersaturation, and P(σ) has a peak at large optical depth values (σ > 1). In contrast, in the fallout-dominated regime, relatively rapid fallout results in persistent high-ice supersaturation and multiple freezing events, and P(σ) has a monotonically decreasing shape dominated by small optical depth values. The addition of heterogeneous freezing alters the homogeneous-freezing P(σ) shape only in the limited fallout regime. Here glaciated ice nuclei (IN) do not inhibit homogeneous freezing but can change P(σ) by reducing the optical depth of the P(σ) peak and adding a monotonically decreasing tail at low optical depth values. Surprisingly, glaciated IN do not significantly change P(σ) values or shape in the fallout-dominated regime. Fluctuations in vertical velocity and accompanying temperature changes have relatively little impact on P(σ) unless the fluctuation timescales are shorter than fallout timescales, but longer than ice crystal growth timescales. As temperature fluctuations increase in amplitude, new freezing events affect P(σ) as long as fluctuation timescales approach or exceed freezing timescales. Our modeled P(σ) qualitatively resemble observed P(σ), indicating these results could aid in GCM cirrus P(σ) parameterization and help diagnose the controls on cirrus P(σ).


Abstract First exact records of Mediterranean Mantis, Iris oratoria (Linnaeus, 1758) (Dictyoptera: Mantodea: Tarachodidae), in Croatia are reported based on specimens collected on Korčula Island in 1960s and on Brač Island in 2011. Additional records of I. oratoria from France, Greece, Spain and Turkey found in the collections of National Museum, Praha and Moravian Museum, Brno, are included.


The nature of the defects in sputter‐deposited GeO2:SiO2 thin films and their relationship to charge trapping and enhanced photosensitivity have been studied using electron paramagnetic resonance, capacitance–voltage, and optical bleaching and absorption spectroscopies. We find a good qualitative agreement between the density of isolated Ge dangling bonds measured magnetically, the density of charge trapping sites measured electrically, and the density of absorbing centers measured optically. Collectively, all observations can be modeled by assuming that a change in spin state and charge state of isolated paramagnetic neutral Ge dangling bonds, to form either diamagnetic positively or negatively charged Ge sites, are largely responsible for the charge trapping and photosensitivity in these thin films.


Disclosed is an improved method for wood chips and / or wood fiber acetylated refiner system. The present invention includes a refiner system acetylation of wood chips for the refiner system including a feed hopper assembly, steam cooker assembly and a non-refiner (defibrator) component, wherein the debris between the hopper assembly and the digester assembly connecting multiple compressed feed area contacting the fluid with an acetylating screw.


Paul C6zanne occupies an unusual position in the history of art: a painter who in his lifetime experienced only incomprehension of his art and a plethora of scorn but who has been claimed by many modern movements. On the one hand, Cezanne was mocked and ridiculed, was treated as a madman and a barbarian, and he had no disciple in his own time. On the other hand, he is today revered as the father of modem art, as the inspiration for countless artists; and he is idolized and eulogized by almost every major critic. Despite the praise, the range of interpretations of Cezanne's art is vast; and in general, the criticism of his art is plagued by a great deal of misreading of his theories and by a narrowness of perspective. For example, several stages can be detected in the criticism of Cezanne's art, during his lifetime and subsequently. In the nineteenth century, critics conditioned by scientific naturalism saw in his work only a reaction to or departure from the immediate past and present. They characterized the unexpected aspects of his art as brutal, gauche, childish, and primitive. The criticism was generally negative and focused on characteristics which the next generation of critics, writing after the artist's death, considered as positive elements of his style. It is interesting to note that terms like "brutal" became synonymous with "rugged" or "powerful"; and "primitive" and "childish" were absorbed into the concept of Cezanne as the pioneer and forerunner of modern art. What was awkward, unskilled, or gauche to nineteenthcentury eyes, now became a conscious "will to distortion." These "dis-


In the present study, the effect of aqueous extract of Momordica dioica, aqueous extract of Myrica esculenta and ethanolic extract of Euphorbia hirta a lone and in combinat ion on h istamine induced bronchospasm in guinea p ig, milk induced leukocytosis and eosinophilia in mice and on antipruritic activity in mice was done. In the animal model o f h istamine induced bronchospasm , all plant showed significant protection against bronchospasm induced by histamine. In milk induced leukocytosis and eosinophilia model, all plants showed significant decrease in difference in no. of leucocytes and eosinophils count. In the antipruritic activity model of mice, all these plants showed significant reduction in pruritic activity. Thus these results suggest that MD, ME and EH may prove to be a potential therapeutic drug for treating allergic diseases and the result obtained in this study may be due to its antihistaminic, adaptogenic, antistress, and anti-inflammatory activities.


With the development of the "protease-protease inhibitor" hypothesis described throughout this monograph, and the identification and characterization of elastases from neutrophils and macrophages, cells that are routinely increased in numbers in the lungs of smokers,' a number of investigators have focused on the elastase :elastin interaction as the essential event in the production of pulmonary emphysema. Because elastin degradation appcars to be the sine qua non of emphysema, it was natural to attempt quantitation of the hydrolysis products of elastin as a potential early index of emphysema induction. Emphasis was initially directed to measurement of desmosine and isodesmosine, because these unique amino acids are produced from lysines only during the cross-linking of tropoelastin precursor molecules into the mature, extracellular, insoluble elastin* and are not found in any other lung protein. In addition, desrnosines are very stable and do not appear to be catabolized in the body, a characteristic suggesting that they could be satisfactory indicators of increased elastin turnover in the emphysematous patient. Indeed, in 1978, Goldstein and Starcher3 used a model of elastase-induced emphysema to show that urinary desmosines increased rapidly after intratracheal instillation of pancreatic elastase and that the amount of urinary desmosine could account for more than 50% of the elastin lost from the lungs. Furthermore, the desrnosines excreted in the urine were components of polypeptides, whose sizes approximated 9-27 kD. The desmosine-containing polypeptides reached an excretion maximum 1 or 2 days after administration of intratracheal elastase, and little urinary desmosine was measured by the third day. Control animals had no detectable urinary desmosines. This early study did not attempt to relate urinary desmosine excretion to the amount of elastase instilled or to alterations in pulmonary architecture or function. These relationships were examined later by Janoff et ~ 1 . ~ using a radioimmunoassay of urinary desmosine to monitor lung injury after endobronchial elastase instillation in sheep. The increase in desmosine excretion measured by these investigators correlated well with the dose of elastase, alveolar damage (as shown by an increase in mean linear intercept), and altered pulmonary function (as


Objective Discuss the measurement of serum NT-proBNP and h-FABP HDCP patients in the clinical significance.Methods Choose our 116 patients with HDCP for HDCP group,normal late 30 cases for pregnant women female normal night at group,medical health of have no female 35 patients for pregnant women normal nonpregnant group,ECLIA method were used and ELISA,quantitative detection of the three groups of serum NT-proBNP and h-FABP level.Results Normal late pregnancy group and HDCP group serum NT-proBNP and h-FABP level was significantly higher than normal nonpregnant group(P0.01),HDCP group was significantly higher than normal night at group(P0.01),and moderate to severe HDCP group significantly higher than mild HDCP group(P0.01).Patients with HDCP serum NT-proBNP(30.17%) were significantly lower than serum h-FABP of positive(50.86%)(P0.01),both have relevant consistency.Conclusion Patients with HDCP there are serum NT-proBNP and h-FABP increased levels of,united detection serum NT-proBNP and h-FABP level can be informed of the patients with HDCP early myocardial injury and heart function,to guide treatment and improve the prognosis is very important.


The administrative act of mutual conduction is a tape of administrative acts,and is acted by the agency or the parties of the agency and the private party with means of restriction or encouragement to realize the public and private purpose at the same time,to finish an administrative act of mutual conduction,or to realize acting procedure,or to realize the accordance between purpose and objective effect.In line with different degrees of mutual conduction,the administrative act of mutual conduction includes three types: finishing,coursing and encouraging administrative acts.Being accepted principle and protective trusting principle are the basic ones of the administrative act of mutual conduction.The administrative act of mutual conduction conflicts with the effect rules of old style,and has formed it′s own rule style on the aspects of ways of law relieving and the parties undertaking responsibility.


Intrusion detection over packets on a network aims at classifying different types of packets without decrypting its contents to detect any intrusions in the network using machine learning. For this, packets are generated and transmitted over a network which are then captured by Wireshark for intrusion detection analysis. The captured data is organized into a dataset with the selected attributes after preprocessing using Weka tool and machine learning algorithms such as Naive Bayes, Support vector machine, Random Forest and KNearestNeighbors are implemented which classifies the data with accuracy 83.63%, 98.23%, 99.81%, 95.13% respectively. The packets are classified as encrypted packets, unencrypted packets, unencrypted malicious packets and encrypted malicious packets with different attributes and features where random forest is identified to be the best classifier with maximum accuracy.


Harry-Dym's equation (HD) rr = (r 2 )xxx is well-known for its cusp soliton so- lutions. In this paper, relations are revealed between HD and a completely integrable Hamiltonian sys- tem in Liouville sense given by I >-I H= T (p' P>- is the standard inner product in ~/v


LI Shang-yin was a unique existence in the literary history of China. LI Shang-yin and the studies on his poems and essays were awfully ignored and dispersed in the three dynasties of Song, Yuan and Ming, ranging over 800 years; nevertheless, a 200-year climax of LI Shang-yin studies emerged in the Qing Dynasty, with a great number of researchers as well as academic works and findings, so that the value of LI Shang-yin and his works were come to be extensively acknowledged. This phenomenon represents the thinking shift as well as the academic research maturity of the Qing Dynasty. It is helpful for an integrative study and positive enlightenment on future scholars to review and summarize the studies on LI Shang-yin and his works in the Qing Dynasty.


Glioblastoma (GBM) stroma is composed of multiple cell types including vascular elements, immune cells and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). Periostin (POSTN) is a secreted extracellular matrix protein which plays a crucial role in the progression of this aggressive and highly vascularized tumor. However, the cellular distribution of gliomaderived POSTN and whether POSTN can act as a chemoattractant for tumor vasculogenic cells is not known. The aim of the present study was to identify the specific cellular distribution of POSTN within GBM and to explore the possibility of POSTN acting as an attractant for tumor pericytes. Here we show that POSTN expression by large is restricted to the stromal compartment of GL261 mouse GBM. Within the stroma, POSTN is mainly localized to CD90+, most likely mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), and to pericytes recruited into the tumor. High POSTN protein levels were found to be produced by CD90+ MSCs acutely isolated from human GBM. Both mouse and human CD90+ MSCs co-expressed POSTN and Integrin β1, permitting autocrine interaction between ligand and receptor. Pericytes expressing Integrin β1 and CD90+ perivascular cells expressing POSTN are adjacently localized within the mouse GL261 stroma. A large fraction of human brain pericytes were found to express Integrin β1 and showed Integrin β1- dependent migration in response to POSTN. In summary, our findings tie the expression and action of POSTN to the stromal compartment of GBM and support a role for POSTN in GBM angioproliferation.


In this paper, complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) based single feed rectangular microstrip antennas are designed for circular polarization. In the first antenna design, two CSRRs are loaded on ground, and for the second design, two CSRRs are loaded on patch with identical orientation of meta-resonators in both cases. CSRRs are used to diminish the resonance frequency of the antenna, and thus the antenna size miniaturization can be achieved. Overall dimensions of the two antennas are (50× 50× 1.6) mm3, and the impedance bandwidth for S11 < −10 dB exhibits between 2.3 and 2.4 GHz which is useful for wireless communication service. The characteristics of the proposed antennas, i.e., reflection coefficient, axial ratio, gain, and radiation patterns, are observed and compared for the two cases. The proposed two antennas have been designed and simulated using CST Microwave studio 14. The circularly polarized antenna with CSRRs loaded on patch has been fabricated for experimental verification of the simulated results. Measured reflection coefficient, gain, and radiation pattern are in good agreement with the simulated result.


Empirical surveys show that reports of significance tests appear in the vast majority of articles in psychological research journals and are relied on by both investigators and journal reviewers when making decisions about replication of experiments and submission and acceptance of research reports Evaluation of claims by critics that significance testing is, nonetheless, counterproductive yields suggestions for improvements of prevailing practices, but also the recommendation that decisions about significance testing versus alternative procedures should remain the province of the individual investigator, unconstrained by mandates or prohibitions by publishers or officials of scientific associations The prime focus for efforts toward improvement of research design and data analysis in psychology and other behavioral sciences should be upgrading the mathematical and general scientific preparation of students preparing for research careers in these fields


The application of streaming current detector (SCD) in the chemical dosing is introduced in detail.The feedback and feed-forward proportional control with selftuning are analyzed.The result of operation shows notable effect.


Various methods have been developed through US Bureau of Mines research to remove gas in advance of, during, and subsequent to mining. These include drilling horizontal or cross-measure boreholes from a mine opening, and vertical boreholes stimulated for drainage in advance of mining or for gob gas drainage. Techniques and equipment now exist that allow drilling a borehole at any angle to the vertical, and even along an arc. Stimulation treatments have also been developed that provide for increased gas production capability. This paper describes the long-term production history of five select gas drainage installations. The Bureau of Mines conducted or participated in four studies. The remaining study was conducted by the Equitable Gas Co.


A strong anodic electrochemiluminescence of dissolved oxygen with 2-(dibutylamino) ethanol is observed and investigated in aqueous solution for the first time. Benefiting from its strong anodic electrochemiluminescence emission, an oxygen-responsive electrochemiluminescence system is developed to detect glucose oxidase.


California's farmers collectively spend more than $100 million a year to promote their products. Here are answers to such questions as: Where is the money spent? What are the public policy issues associated with government-sponsored generic commodity advertising? How successful are those campaigns? And finally, how can commodity groups improve their data bases?


The emerging achievements in the field of wireless sensor networks in communication and information technology has largesse its presence in automation trait with its unique characteristics of reliability and flexibility. The peculiar feature of WSN spins the entire world in soft keys. The key challenge in WSN design is the efficient data transmission with minimum power consumption and prolonged network lifetime. The data transmission in existing active measurement mainly feigns on the collection of energy reports and reduction of network overhead which proceeds in the languishment of scalability and data loss. This has been overcome with the passive measurement of data monitoring that provides the efficiency of data transmission in distributed network environment. This further achieves the power conservation for the entire network. Thereby, it saves the time in transmitting and receiving the data and further allows the consistent data flow in the shortest path provided from source to destination.


The inhibiting effect of Baphia nitida (BN) leaves extract on the corrosion of mild steel in 1 M H2SO4 and 2 M HCl was studied at different temperatures using gasometric and weight loss techniques. The results showed that the leaves extract is a good inhibitor for mild steel corrosion in both acid media and better performances were obtained in 2 M HCl solutions. Inhibition efficiency was found to increase with increasing inhibitor concentration and decreasing temperature. The addition of halides to the extract enhanced the inhibition efficiency due to synergistic effect which improved adsorption of cationic species present in the extract and was in the order KCl < KBr < KI suggesting possible role of radii of the halide ions. Thermodynamic parameters determined showed that the adsorption of BN on the metal surface is an exothermic and spontaneous process and that the adsorption was via a physisorption mechanism.


Researchers conducted a study on Nipah Tree Potential and Utilization of Management to Improve the Economy of Local Communities. This study uses a qualitative approach, data analysis techniques that researchers use are in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. The location of the research was carried out in the Tanjung Putri village community, South Arut sub-district, West Kotawaringin Regency. The research subjects were determined purposively, namely: (1) village heads and community groups who were business actors in the management of nipa palm trees; (2) community members. The following is a description of the research data, namely; Utilization that uses materials for building cottages for relaxing, as much as 58%. with direct sales, handicrafts in the form of baskets (Bakul), mats and hats as head protection, which utilizes Nipah shoots by 15%, then the community of stick broom craftsmen, which is as much as 35%. Meanwhile, for those who use as much as 40% of palm sugar, fruit that is made of fruit, and fro for additional iced cendol drinks, 45% of the Mayang Nipah portion is used as 5% consumption, development in terms of rejuvenation of nipa palm trees has not been maximized, also product development is very minimal due to lack of knowledge about the production of processed nipa palm fruit, this must then be a correction for policymakers to consider appropriate policy steps to improve economic conditions.


Rehabilitating oneself after laryngectomy is the process of minimizing the liabilities associated with the amputation of the larynx. Rehabilitation begins at entry into the health system: it continues until the patient returns to a presurgical life-style that is compatible with the psychophysiologic adjustments imposed by the diagnosis and the consequences of medical and surgical intervention (Gonnella et al., 1978). The overall purpose of such rehabilitation is to resume preoperative status in functioning as a self-serving individual and as a contributing member of society.


AbstractThe antiinflammatory activity of 22 plants used in folk medicine, or indigenous in the United Arab Emirates, was tested using the carrageenan-induced rat paw edema method. Three plants (Citrullus colocynthis, Hammada elegans and Rhazya stricta) showed such activity. Activity-guided fractionation of Hammada elegans extract led to the isolation of a single active compound which was identified as piperidine hydrochloride. Citrullus colocynthis-m^aced antiinflammatory activity may by due to loss of body water.


benefit that at many moments it makes the reader want to go and compose. Aside from the joy of crafting pure sound at many structural levels, it provokes new organizational ideas in reaction to theory. For example, following a chapter on rhythm, I found myself imagining continuously deformable rhythmic or pitch grids, reconciling the discrete and the continuous, with different alignment techniques for coincident grids (such as coming in and out of lockstep), and interpolation techniques to transform grids over time. There is the odd missing reference from the bibliography despite a citation in text, the occasional typo or inconsistency, the odd Freudian slip ('a transition can involve a granular mutation', p. 315, rather than just 'any mutation'), a bit too eager a bashing of popular music's rich tapestry ('the formulaic beat', p. 216) alongside a lack of acknowledgement of extended-technique timbral experiments in contemporary acoustic composition, but nothing to derail the fascination of the topic area remaining. Roads writes of Stockhausen that 'I did not agree with him on many points, but only because I was stimulated by his opinions to formulate my own' (p. xiii). There is a genuine contribution in such provocation. NICK COLLINS Durham University


F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) has been effective for imaging tumor and inflammatory lesions. Psoas abscess is rare and has a vague clinical presentation. The authors describe a 16-year-old boy who had Ga-67 scan findings typical of bilateral iliopsoas abscesses resulting from tuberculosis. The FDG-PET findings were similar to those of Ga-67 scans and the diagnosis was confirmed by pelvic computed tomography.


Effective bidirectional communication between attending physicians and long-term care facilities is of critical importance to ensure timely, appropriate, and high-quality care that is responsive to residents' needs, values, and preferences. Ongoing communication with residents and residents' families is essential to the establishment of mutual trust and respect. This earned trust and respect in turn promotes frank discussions among long-term care practitioners and the facility staff who can then better guide residents and families through difficult care decisions. (J Am Med Dir Assoc 2004; 5: 114–122)


Excellent and correct labeling is needed to support a food product. However, not all producers, such as small and medium enterprises (MSMEs), can implement it. In this study, the researcher used the literature study method. The method was employed to collect the related data from various sources, such as journals, books, and other types of literature. Thereby, the data can be presented as further research descriptions. In addition, the data unveiled that labels did not only convey information but also served as advertising and product branding. Excellent labeling helped consumers to choose the needed products. Thus, the role of food labeling is significant. Labels also played a role in educating the public and boosted the product's value. Likewise, labeling could be an attractive marketing strategy to increase products' competitiveness. Inexorably, glamorous packaging could attract consumers' attention and ultimately seduce them to buy the product.


Background: Diabetes is a group of metabolic disorders, characterized by hyperglycemia which results from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. The prevalence and incidence of type 2 diabetes are rising rapidly worldwide. Diabetes has been linked to a shorter life expectancy mainly because of its complications, including heart disease, strokes, retinopathy, and chronic kidney disease and bone disease. Objective: To examine the relationship between high sensitive C reactive protein (hsCRP) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in type 2 diabetic patients. Methods: This study was a hospital based cross sectional study conducted at Dept. of Biochemistry, Ashiyan Medical College Hospital from January to June 2020. The study consists of 180 patients out of which 90 were normal healthy controls (Group I) and 90 patients having type 2 DM were included in case (Group II). FBS, PPBS, HbA1c, hsCRP and ALP of all subjects were measured. Results: Mean serum hsCRP and ALP level were statistically significant higher in case group compared to control group. Moreover, significant positive correlation was observed between hsCRP and ALP level as well as both with FBS, PPBS and HbA1c. Conclusions: Oxidative stress and inflammation appears to be a key component and also associated with poor glycaemic control and further pathogenesis of diabetes and its complications. All our finding suggest a link between oxidative stress, inflammation and glycaemic control in patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus.


Background: Irrational use of antimicrobials and inaccurate practicing behavior leads to the issue of antibiotic resistance. This can be tackled by spreading awareness with the assistance of future medical practitioners. Hence, the present study was taken to determine the knowledge, attitude, and practicing behavior regarding antimicrobial use and awareness of antimicrobial resistance among interns and postgraduates.Methods: The study was conducted on interns and postgraduates in a tertiary care hospital. A standardized questionnaire was distributed to 120 participants and Ethical approval was taken before the study. Data was analyzed using SPSS software. For data comparisons, Chi-square tests were used, p≤0.05 is considered significant.Results: The study showed a majority in the 25 to 34 years of age group with female predominance. The subject of antibiotic resistance was moderately relevant to a majority, which highlighted a need for an increase in awareness workshops. The actual knowledge of respondents seems to be accurate in the study, a fair amount of attitude and practicing behavior was observed as well. A significant difference between the interns and postgraduates in knowledge (χ2=13.736, p=0.03), attitude (χ2=68.091, p=0.01), and practice (χ2=34.821, p=0.01) were noticed.Conclusions: Accurate knowledge and practicing behavior were observed in postgraduates and a fair attitude was observed in interns towards antimicrobial use and resistance. The awareness must be extended regarding this issue by conducting educational programs and by updating guidelines. Advancement in antibiotic prescribing pattern is required.


Even though organized labor in the United States has been primarily concerned with such goals as higher wages, shorter hours, and better working conditions, it has also indicated an interest in many other economic, social and political problems. *» The purpose of this study has been to show the attitude of organized labor toward monetary reform and monetary policy i,n the United States from 1866-1965. The views of the peak organizations, such as the National Labor Union, Industrial Congress and Industrial Brotherhood, Knights of Labor, American Federation of Labor, Congress of Industrial Organizations, and the merged AFL-CIO have been selected as representative of American organized labor. Labor union convention proceedings, organized labor publications, governmental hearings, and the works of scholars in the fields of labor and money and banking have been utilized in the research. The development of organized labor's attitude toward monetary policy and monetary reform has been in three


Background  Prior analyses of survival of patients with primary cutaneous malignant melanoma from Germany were based only on small populations and need to be updated.


And providing a carbon composite, and a method of manufacturing the energy store containing them - silicon oxide. A silicon oxide - in the carbon composite method, provides a reaction solution containing an organic solvent including an aromatic compound. It generates a plasma in the reaction solution to form a crystalline carbon structure. It is dispersed in the reaction mixture the crystalline carbon structure makes the slurry by the addition of the silicon halide and the polyhydric alcohol (polyol). The heat treatment to remove the organic solvent from the slurry.


Fungal ball or fungal bezoar is the saprophytic colonization of a preformed cavity by a conglomerate of fungal mycelia without invasion of the adjacent tissue. Fungal bezoar is seen commonly in immunocompromised individuals. We present a case of urinary tract infection, complicated by unliateral fungus balls in a 25-year old female whose imaging findings (USG and CT scan), laboratory investigation and histopathological findings are consistent with renal fungal ball. Keywords: fungal ball; urinary tract infection.


. Dongolawi Nubian (hereafter DN) is an endangered language variety spoken in Sudan. In such sociolinguistic situations, the collection and development of glossaries, proverbs, riddles, stories, and other artistic works associated with threatened languages would be, among other vital linguistic activities, a valuable contribution to the overall efforts to document and revitalize them. Documentation is also a key element in the preservation of an important component of the cultural resources of the speakers. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to examine the nature, function, and major themes of some common proverbs used by native speakers of DN. These proverbs cover many general themes, including marriage and family issues, advising and warning, collaboration, and greed, among others. DN proverbs, often performed by the elderly, provide guidance, particularly to the young speakers. They generally recommend the adoption of the soundest course of action in life (as it pertains to the Nubian culture), and they warn of the consequences of bad and/or unreasonable choices. Many of the proverbs are also used as educational devices as they reflect life experiences and wisdom.


In this paper, a novel three-dimensional (3D) non-stationary massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel model for shortwave communication systems is proposed. Three transmission modes, i.e., groundwave, near vertical incident skywave (NVIS), and long-distance skywave are considered to eliminate the blind area and realize the full-coverage for shortwave communication. The ionospheric absorption loss and surface reflection loss during multi-hop transmissions are explored in the proposed channel model. In addition, new massive MIMO channel characteristics including the near-field spherical wavefront effect and spatial non-stationarity are considered. Temporal and frequency non-stationarities are also modeled due to the receiver (Rx) mobility and large relative bandwidth, respectively. The analytical and simulated space cross-correlation function (SCCF), time autocorrelation function (TACF), and frequency correlation function (FCF) of the proposed model are compared. The simulated path loss and singular value spread (SVS) are compared with those of the corresponding channel measurements, illustrating good fittings. In addition, the delay power spectral density (PSD) and Doppler PSD, and channel capacity are also simulated and analyzed. The proposed model can be used as a basis for the design and construction of shortwave communication systems.


The EU's central task is to improve the lives that European citizens are able to live. This mission is embedded in the EU's commitment to enhance the functioning of the internal market on the basis of the assumption that market exchanges form the primary mechanisms through which individuals pursue their own conceptions of the good life. While the EU aims to enable market exchange through its legal structures, it does not consider the demarcation of the moral limits of its internal market as a European task. As such the EU approach to the internal market has so far been based on a decoupling of the market logic from morality. However, justice - as understood in this paper - requires that European citizens are treated with equal respect and that the exchanges they wish to pursue are subject to a generalizable normative standard. This paper explores the question of how and where the moral limits of the internal market are drawn as a question of justice, and argues that the current European approach to this question fails to safeguard European citizens from denigration in the internal market. This discussion paper is part of a series of contributions to the conference "Towards a Grammar of Justice in EU Law', which took place on 6-7 November 2014 at VU University Amsterdam, sponsored by ACCESS EUROPE Amsterdam, VU Centre for European Legal Studies and the Dutch Research Council VENI grant.


This research discusses the compensation costs of mining activities in protected forests in order to seek compensation costs optimal because hilangngnya ecosystem functiont. The  survei method was  using  on applying  qualitative approach for the research with The utilization of protected  forests  for coal mining activities brought the consequences for the sustainability of protected forest ecosystem function that has the main function as a buffer system protection of life. The cost of compensation is required to consider the social aspects, economic and ecological over the utilization of the forest area for mining activities. The results of this study suggested the imposition of compensation costs of coal mining companies over the damage the ecosystem. The use of the cost of compensation, priority is given to the community around the mine and restoration (restoration) ecosystem.Conclude  that  The cost of negative eksternalitas as compensation costs based on the existence of extracting SDA (coal), the damage of protected forest along with the functions of the environment (project boundaries) and economic losses on Watersheds and coastal (ecological limit), Internalisasi negative eksternalitas costs in the cost of mining production as compensation costs have not been considered the elements of the natural sunberdaya depletion and environmental degradation.


The peripheral blood eosinophil count prior to treatment has potential as a predictive biomarker for a beneficial clinical response to cancer immunotherapies. Therefore, the present study investigated the impact of the eosinophil count on overall survival (OS) in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI).


Since the work of V. 0. Key, several surveys have tested representation in primary elections. In many states, however, open-precinct caucuses and conventions supplement or replace primaries as a basis for "grass roots" party organization and in presidential delegate selection. Contrary to most assumptions, one state party's open-precinct caucuses were found to perform as well as equivalent primaries in representing policy, candidate or party-related attitudes, although performing somewhat worse in demographic representation.


The present invention provides a system comprising an electrical conductor, an electrical conductor configured to generate Joule heat when a current is applied to the output electrical conductors. Electrical insulator at least partially surrounds the electrical conductor. Electrical insulator comprises a nitride. A sheath at least partially surrounds the electrical conductor.


Abstract : A summary is given of research on gyrotron-like mechanisms for anplifying or generating electromagnetic radiation. These mechanisms include slow-wave cyclotron-wave amplification in a dielectrically-loaded waveguide, cyclotron harmonic oscillations in a quasi-optical millimeter-wave structure, a quasi-optical gyro-klystron, and cyclotron, and cyclotron harmonic amplification in irregular cross section waveguides. Both linearized theory and experimental observations are described. Keywords include: Gyrotron, Cyclotron resonance, Microwave amplification, and Millimeterwave generation.


Hydroxyurea is a chemotherapeutic agent used for the treatment of myeloproliferative disorders (MPD) and solid tumors. The mutagenic and carcinogenic potential of hydroxyurea has not been established, although hydroxyurea has been associated with an increased risk of leukemia in MPD patients. To clarify whether hydroxyurea has potential carcinogenicity, we examined site‐specific DNA damage induced by hydroxyurea using 32P‐5′‐end‐labeled DNA fragments obtained from the human p53 and p16 tumor suppressor genes and the c‐Ha‐ras‐1 protooncogene. Hydroxyurea caused Cu(II)‐mediated DNA damage especially at thymine and cytosine residues. NADH efficiently enhanced hydroxyurea‐induced DNA damage. The DNA damage was almost entirely inhibited by catalase and bathocuproine, a Cu(I)‐specific chelator, suggesting the involvement of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and Cu(I). Typical free hydroxyl radical scavengers did not inhibit DNA damage by hydroxyurea, but methional did. These results suggest that crypto‐hydroxyl radicals such as Cu(I)‐hydroperoxo complex (Cu(I)‐OOH) cause DNA damage. Formation of 8‐hydroxy‐2′‐deoxyguanosine (8‐OHdG) was induced by hydroxyurea in the presence of Cu(H). An electron spin resonance spectroscopic study using N‐(dithiocarboxy)sarcosine as a nitric oxide (NO)‐trapping reagent demonstrated that NO was generated from hydroxyurea in the presence and absence of catalase. In addition, the generation of formamide was detected by both gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) and time‐of‐flight‐mass spectrometry (TOF‐MS). A high concentration of hydroxyurea induced depurination at DNA bases in an H2O2‐independent manner, and endonu‐clease IV treatment led to chain cleavages. These results suggest that hydroxyurea could induce base oxidation as the major pathway of DNA modification and depurination as a minor pathway. Therefore, it is considered that DNA damage by hydroxyurea participates in not only anti‐cancer activity, but also carcinogenesis.


The moisture content ws of a beach surface strongly controls the availability of sand for aeolian transport. Our predictive capability of the spatiotemporal variability in ws, which depends to a large extent on water table depth, is, however, limited. Here we show that water table fluctuations and surface moisture content observed during a 10‐day period on a medium‐grained (365μm) planar (1:30) beach can be predicted well with the nonlinear Boussinesq equation extended to include run‐up infiltration and a soil–water retention curve under the assumption of hydrostatic equilibrium. On the intertidal part of the beach the water table is observed and predicted to continuously fall from the moment the beach surface emerges from the falling tide to just before it is submerged by the incoming tide. We find that on the lower 30% of the intertidal beach the water table remains within 0.1–0.2 m from the surface and that the sand is always saturated (ws≈20%, by mass). Higher up on the intertidal beach, the surface can dry to about 5% when the water table has fallen to 0.4–0.5 m beneath the surface. Above the high‐tide level the water table is always too deep (>0.5 m) to affect surface moisture and, without precipitation, the sand is dry (ws  <  5 − 8%). Because the water table depth on the emerged part of the intertidal beach increases with time irrespective of whether the (ocean) tide falls or rises, we find no need to include hysteresis (wetting and drying) effects in the surface‐moisture modelling. Model simulations suggest that at the present planar beach only the part well above mean sea level can dry sufficiently (ws  <  10%) for sand to become available for aeolian transport. ©2018 The Authors. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.


With the vast amount of video data uploaded to the Internet every day, how to analyze user interests and recommend videos that they are potentially interested in is a big challenge. Most video recommender systems limit the content to metadata associated with videos, which could lead to poor recommendation results since the metadata is not always available or correct. On the other side, visual content of videos contain information of different granularities, from a whole video, to portions of a video, and to an object in a video, which are not fully explored. This extra information is especially important for recommending new items when no user profile is available. In this paper, a novel recommendation framework, called VideoTopic, that targets at cold-start items is proposed. VideoTopic focuses on user interest modeling and decomposes the recommendation process into interest representation, interest discovery, and recommendation generation. It aims to model user interests by using a topic model to represent the interests in the videos and then discover user interests from user watch histories. A personalized list is generated to maximize the recommendation accuracy by finding the videos that most fit the user's interests under the constraints of some criteria. The optimal solution and a practical system of VideoTopic are presented. Experiments on a public benchmark data set demonstrate the promising results of VideoTopic.


This paper presents a cost-efficient design, optimization and physical implementation of a compact slotted ultra-wideband (UWB) monopole antenna for body-centric imaging applications. The proposed antenna is initially modelled and designed with the aid of commercial software (CST-Microwave Studio). To ensure that the proposed design is meeting the required specifications with reduced design time, the parallel surrogate model-assisted hybrid differential evolution for antenna optimization (PSADEA) is proposed to optimize the design. Based on the best set of geometry parameters for the optimum antenna performance, the antenna prototype is realized on an FR-4 substrate and analyzed in terms of bandwidth, gain, efficiency, and radiation pattern with and without the tissue models. All measured results are found to be in good agreement with the simulated results. The antenna provides a good reflection coefficient (S11 <−10 dB) in the UWB frequency band from 3.1 GHz to 10.6 GHz and maintains its bandwidth UWB operation without detuning when placed in closed contact with the human body or breast mimicking tissues (phantoms).


1. Viscogliosi G, Chiriac IM, Andreozzi P et al. Executive dysfunction assessed by Clock-Drawing Test in older non-demented subjects with metabolic syndrome is not mediated by white matter lesions. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2015;69:620–629. 2. Viscogliosi G, Marigliano V. Alzheimer's disease: How far have we progressed? Lessons learned from diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and inflammation. J Am Geriatr Soc 2013;61:845–846. 3. The Expert Panel on Detection. Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults. Executive summary of the third report of the national cholesterol education program (NCEP) expert panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). JAMA 2001;285:2486–2497. 4. Kaur J. A comprehensive review on metabolic syndrome. Cardiol Res Pract 2014;2014:943162. 5. Yaffe K, Kanaya A, Lindquist K et al. The metabolic syndrome, inflammation, and risk of cognitive decline. JAMA 2004;292:2237–2242. 6. Fitzgibbons TP, Czech MP. Epicardial and perivascular adipose tissues and their influence on cardiovascular disease: Basic mechanisms and clinical associations. J Am Heart Assoc 2014;3:e000582. 7. Frisardi V. Impact of metabolic syndrome on cognitive decline in older age: Protective or harmful, where is the pitfall? J Alzheimers Dis 2014;41:163– 167. 8. Brinkley TE, Leng X, Chughtai HL et al. Periaortic fat and cardiovascular risk: A comparison of high-risk older adults and age-matched healthy controls. Int J Obes (Lond) 2014;38:1397–1402. 9. Dey D, Nakazato R, Li D et al. Epicardial and thoracic fat – Noninvasive measurement and clinical implications. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther 2012;2:85–93. 10. Mazzoccoli G, Dagostino MP, Vinciguerra M et al. An association study between epicardial fat thickness and cognitive impairment in the elderly. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2014;307:H1269–H1276.


The longitudinal integrated clerkship is an innovative approach in medical education that emphasizes continuity as a key principle to provide student-centered experiences and learning. Seoul National University College of Medicine decided to adapt longitudinal integrated clerkships to the new curriculum beginning in 2018, and therefore conducted pilot studies in 2016 and 2017. This study aimed to analyze the program evaluation results of the two pilot programs and discuss issues related to the successful implementation of longitudinal integrated clerkships in Korea. We conducted a focus group interview with nine students who participated in the 2016 pilot program and 13 students who participated in the 2017 pilot program. We also conducted a focus group interview with 11 faculty members who either participated in the pilot program or will participate in the main program. From the 2016 experience, we found that it is not appropriate to assign each patient to a single student and let the students contact their patients personally for feasibility and safety reasons. In the 2017 pilot program, we assigned each patient to a group of students, which made it more feasible for the students to follow-up with their patients. The students were satisfied with their new experience of longitudinal patient follow-up and regular meetings in the pilot program. Faculty emphasized the importance of establishing the course objectives and holding an orientation for the students and the faculty. Further study is planned to evaluate the early outcomes of the main longitudinalintegrated clerkship.


This paper examines some examples which reveal cyclic patterns in the emergence of new media technology. These are digital compression technology, digital terrestrial systems, and HDTV formats. Broadcasting engineers may want to investigate more deeply how successfully we can model the processes involved in innovation and success in the media. Through it all, we need to remember two `absolutes' - no new technology can make up for content or programmes people don't want, and there are no simple laws of physics for predicting the future.


Curriculum, from the learner's standpoint, ordinarily represents little more than an arrangement of subjects, a structure of socially prescribed knowledge, or a complex system of meanings which may or may not fall within his grasp. Rarely does it signify possibility for him as an existing person, mainly concerned with making sense of his own life-world. Rarely does it promise occasions for ordering the materials of that world, for imposing "configurations" by means of experiences and perspectives made available for personally conducted cognitive action. Sartre says that "knowing is a moment of praxis," opening into "what has not yet been." Preoccupied with priorities, purposes, programs of "intended learning" and intended (or unintended) manipulation, we pay too little attention to the individual in quest of his own future, bent on surpassing what is merely "given," on breaking through the everyday. We are still too prone to dichotomize: to think of "disciplines" or "public traditions" or "accumulated wisdom" or "common culture" (individualization despite) as objectively existent, external to the knower—there to be discovered, mastered, learned.


Abstract With the current focus on expeditionary operations, it may seem strange to revisit old Cold War scenarios in staff rides. There is, of course, no anticipation of a return to large-scale East – West confrontation or industrial war. Nevertheless, United Shield derived a set of timeless lessons and raised many intriguing questions about war fighting and international cooperation in campaigns. Major General Melvin gives a first-hand account of the issues and debates stirred up by the exercise.


At the present time,the focus on mobile learning has gradually shifted away from the terminal equipment,network access to the design of learning content and learning activity.This paper proposes a general mode of mobile learning service environment design,typical system service environment of mobile learning application in language learning,biological science,medical science,and analyses briefly the match relationship between different types of mobile learning and a variety of mobile learning content and learning activity based on the classification of mobile learning content,learning activity(both of them are collectively referred to as mobile learning service environment) and introduction of relevant theory.Finally,it summarizes learning contents and learning activities referred to in the typical mobile learning cases home and abroad in order to play a fundamental part in the mobile learning service environment design,and ultimately improves the learners' performance of mobile learning.


The aim of this article is to discuss the method of psychosocial autopsy as a retrospective research tool used during in-depth suicide studies. The content related to the structural aspects of psychosocial autopsies was provided with a foundation, as well as the purposes and possible results of its use. Furthermore, the applicability, advantages and limitations of the method in question were explored. The richness of this retrospective method was noted in conducting in-depth studies aimed at understanding suicide, as the results make it possible to know in detail the atmosphere that involved the phenomenon, its motivations, possible causes, psychosocial factors and subjective aspects associated with death. The results allow the gathering of information essential for the foundation of effective actions to prevent suicide.


Fabric filters are used to separate airborne particles from cases. The filter media are often manufactored as bags. Because the geometric interrelationships do not allow the flow velocity to remain constant over the whole bag length, a considerable influence can be exerted on the cake formation, which modifies the operational behaviour of the whole filter unit. The first section of this contribution deals with the mathematical modelling of the steady-state flow relationships of a clean filter bag. The second section presents the extension of this flow model to describe the non steady-state processes occurring during particle deposition. With this new concept, the areal dust masses can be calculated as a function of the location and time.


Gas flaringis the burning of natural gas and petroleum hydrocarbons in flare stacks by upstream oil companies in oil fields during operations. Gas flaring is the singular and most common source of global warming and contributes to emissions of carbon monoxide, nitrogen (II) oxide and methane which have the propensity of causing environmental pollution and ecological disturbances or destruction. This research explore and presents a method of analysing the environmental impact of gas flaring in the Niger Delta so to provide the data required for the complete analysis and evaluation of the various observed and noted health and environmental effects of gas flaring in Niger Delta. The major environmental impacts considered in the study are environmental pollution, and ecological disturbance or destruction. Several visitations to the neighbouring communities adjacent to most gas flare locations were carried out to ascertain any existence of common environmental hazards. Data was gathered through a well designed and articulating oral and written questionnaires, direct and first-hand observation of their environment, and comprehensive interview sessions with community heads (royal authorities where possible), patients and youth. Different samples at various proximities from the gas flare locations were taken and measurements and experimentations were meticulously carried out. The result obtained in this research shows a marked trend as all the parameters considered showed a gradient away from the flare point in all the flow stations such as soil pH changing from acidic (4.0-4.2) to near neutral (6.4-6.6) away from the flare points and the average low soil moisture content of (17% - 23%) as against 40% for the (10m and 20m) and control distance. The quantity of carbon emitted by these flare is about 2525000.00 tonnes of carbon per day. These values portray a bad omen for the affected communities. This study recommends that gas flaring should be seen as violet action against the people and that the flared gas should be channelled to meeting the ever increasing demand for energy in the industrial sector of the economy.


Materials of this article are devoted to the problem of ornamental structure and its components:
signs, motives and elements. This material also studies the system of communications which unites all
the ornamental components in the composition. Ornament is analysis as a compound semantic complex.
And the contents of this complex is depends on not only from the signs and motives which it includes but
also form their form and their communications.


An Intrusion can be definite as any perform or act that attempt to crack the veracity, privacy or accessibility of a source this may enclose of a on purpose not permitted challenge to admittance the information, influence the data, or create a system defective or not viable. With the growth of computer networks at an alarming rate through the past decade, safety has become one of the serious issues of computer systems. IDS, is a discovery apparatus for detecting the invasive activities concealed among the usual activities. The radical organization of IDS has concerned analysts to work dedicatedly enabling the system to deal with industrial advancements. Therefore, in this view, a variety of constructive schemes and models have been planned in order to attain improved IDS. This paper proposes a novel fusion model for intrusion detection. The proposed structure in this paper may be predictable as another step towards development of IDS. The structure utilizes the vital data mining categorization algorithms helpful for incursion detection. The fusion structure will lead to proficient, adaptive and intellectual intrusion detection.


United States Geological Survey, Woods Hole, Massachusetts. Chief Scientists: Mike Bothner, Fred Sayles. Data (navigation) of field activity 96023 (H-23-96-MY) in Massachusetts Bay from 10/01/1996 to 10/02/1996, http://walrus.wr.usgs.gov/infobank/h/h2396my/html/h-23-96-my.meta.html.


Rice straw as ruminant feed has low digestibility makes ruminants difficult to digest. Since ammoniated rice straw can increase its digestibility, it is necessary to supplement it with Gliricidia sepium. This research aimed to determine the effect of Gliricidia sepium supplementation on decreasing methane gas production and improving nutrient digestibility in complete ration with ammoniated rice straw. The treatments of this research were: A = 40% ammoniated rice straw + 60% concentrate, B = 40% ammoniated rice straw + 50% concentrate + 10% Gliricidia sepium, C = 40% ammoniated rice straw + 40% concentrate + 20% Gliricidia sepium, D = 40% ammoniated rice straw + 30% concentrate + 30% Gliricidia sepium. This research showed supplementation of G. sepium significantly decreased methane gas production from 27.22 mM to 13.13 mM and the number of protozoa from 6.3 x 105 cell/ml rumen fluid to 4.7 x 105 cell/ml rumen fluid. Gliricidia sepium supplementation increased digestibility significantly (P 0.05) among treatments. Higher levels of G. sepium supplementation increased N-NH3 concentration from 7.33 mM to 10.50 mM and microbial protein synthesis from 74.33 mg/100ml rumen fluid to 108.25 mg/100ml rumen fluid. The treatment had a significant effect (P <0.05) on propionate production and the ratio of acetate: propionate. It can be concluded that 30% of Gliricidia sepium supplementation decreased methane gas production and the number of protozoa. Besides, 30% of Gliricidia sepium supplementation increased digestibility and rumen fermentation.


A set of nitro-activated ruthenium-based Hoveyda-Grubbs type olefin metathesis catalysts bearing sterically modified N-hetero-cyclic carbene (NHC) ligands have been obtained, characterised and studied in a set of model metathesis reactions. It was found that catalysts bearing standard SIMes and SIPr ligands (4a and 4b) gave the best results in metathesis of substrates with more accessible C–C double bonds. At the same time, catalysts bearing engineered naphthyl-substituted NHC ligands (4d–e) exhibited high activity towards formation of tetrasubstituted C–C double bonds, the reaction which was traditionally Achilles' heel of the nitro-activated Hoveyda–Grubbs catalyst.


Strong electrical interactions between hybrid light-matter quasiparticles in semiconductors can lead to new quantum applications. Exciton-polaritons are mutually interacting quantum hybridizations of confined photons and electronic excitations. Here, we demonstrate a system of optically guided, electrically polarized exciton-polaritons ("dipolaritons") that displays up to 200-fold enhancement of the polariton-polariton interaction strength compared to unpolarized polaritons. The magnitude of the dipolar interaction enhancement can be turned on and off and can be easily tuned over a very wide range by varying the applied polarizing electric field. The large interaction strengths and the very long propagation distances of these fully guided dipolaritons open up new opportunities for realizing complex quantum circuitry and quantum simulators, as well as topological states based on exciton-polaritons, for which the interactions between polaritons need to be large and spatially or temporally controlled. The results also raise fundamental questions on the origin of these large enhancements.


The invention discloses a device for detecting 80C31 single event effect. A power module supplies power for a main detecting CPU and a detected 80C31; a current acquisition card acquires the current supplied for the detected 80C31 and sends the acquired current value to a host computer; when the current value exceeds the preset threshold value, latch happens; the host computer sends command to the power module and a power module 0 disconnects power of the detected 80C31; the main detecting CPU receives codes of test program from the host computer through a serial port and writes the received codes in SRAM; the detected 80C31 reads the codes from SRAM and operates the test program according to the read codes as well as stores the program operation results in a double-port RAM temporarily; the main detecting CPU extracts the operation results from the double-port RAM and sends the results of occurrence of single event upset to the host computer. The invention realizes the online downloading and revision of the test program with complete test contents and high device reliability.


This article presents the proposed structure and simulation results from analytical modeling of a refractive index sensor and a corrosion sensor in a D-shaped single-mode optical fiber using the lossy mode resonance (LMR) and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effects. The combined sensor consists of two cascaded D-shaped sensor regions. The first, a bilayer of titanium dioxide - aluminum, operates under LMR condition, while the second, a bilayer of gold - titanium dioxide, operates under SPR condition. The sensors are interrogated by transmitted light at 1310 and 1550 nm, in TE and TM modes. Sensor sensitivities and operating ranges are presented.


This paper first reviews the history of social insurance policy and coverage in urban China, documenting the evolution in the coverage of pensions and medical and unemployment insurance for both local residents and migrants, and highlighting obstacles to expanding coverage. The paper then uses two waves of the China Urban Labor Survey, conducted in 2005 and 2010, to examine the correlates of social insurance participation before and after implementation of the 2008 Labor Contract Law. A higher labor tax wedge is associated with a lower probability that local employed residents participate in social insurance programs, but is not associated with participation of wage-earning migrants, who are more likely to be dissuaded by fragmentation of the social insurance system. The existing gender gap in social insurance coverage is explained by differences in coverage across industrial sectors and firm ownership classes in which men and women work.


(Mg1–xCax) TiO3 microwave dielectric ceramics were prepared by conventional solid-state route.The effects of alkali metal oxide of Na2O/K2O additive on the sintering properties and dielectric properties of(Mg1–xCax)TiO3 ceramics were investigated.The results show that MgTiO3 and CaTiO3 are the main phases of the ceramics with co-doped Na2O and K2O,hardly without the second phase MgTi2O5 is observed.Moreover,Na2O/K2O additive also can lower the sintering temperature of(Mg1–xCax) TiO3 ceramics to 1 280 ℃ effectively.The ceramics possess excellent dielectric properties with er=19.71,Q?f =3.59×104 GHz(at 7.58 GHz),τf = –1.40×10–6/℃ when the mass fraction of Na2O+K2O is 1.2% and Na2O/K2O mass ratio is 2∶1.


Application of GPS technique in precision agriculture is getting more and more important under the condition that 3s technique is widely applied in farming. This paper deduces and analyzes the GPS positioning model of carrier phase. Using the AgGPS132 receiver, the test of single and difference positioning measurements was conducted. By analyzing and comparing the test data, the result of the testing is that the difference positioning measurement is more accurate than single positioning measurement; the variety range of it can get to the scale of inferior meter.


Fatty acids and detrimental compounds such as aflatoxin B1,benzo( a) pyene,and fatty acid esters of 3-chloropropanediol were related to the quality and safety of peanut oil. In this study,related regulations and laws as well as advances in detection technologies and elimination techniques for aflatoxin B1,benzo( a) pyene,fatty acid esters of 3-chloropropanediol and other contaminants in peanut oil were reviewed.


This article reports the outcome of more than 350,000 promotion decisions affecting middle-grade military officers. Data indicate males have higher promotion rates than females in the Army and Navy, while females have higher promotion rates than males in the Air Force. However, male and female promotion rates are similar in the combined services, and male promotion-rate advantages generally have diminished or disappeared in recent years. Data further indicate women leave the officer corps at high rates and are still grossly underrepresented among those promoted to middle-grade officer ranks.


Aims: Benidipine, an L-/T-type calcium channel blocker, dilates renal efferent and afferent arterioles and reduces glomerular pressure; therefore, it may exert renoprotective effects. We conducted an open-labeled randomized trial to compare the effects of benidipine with cilnidipine in hypertensive patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods: The patients who were already being treated with angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) received one of the following treatment regimens: benidipine at a dose of 2 mg/day that was increased up to a dose of 8 mg/day (benidipine group; n = 118) or cilnidipine at a dose of 5 mg/day that was increased up to a dose of 20 mg/day (cilnidipine group; n = 115). Results: After 12 months of treatment, we observed a significant and comparable reduction in the systolic and diastolic blood pressure in both groups. The urinary protein:creatinine ratio was significantly decreased in both groups after 3 months of treatment and thereafter; however, the difference between both groups was not significant after 12 months of treatment. Benidipine exerted an antiproteinuric effect to a greater extent than cilnidipine in patients with diabetes. Conclusion: The addition of benidipine as well as cilnidipine reduces urinary protein excretion in hypertensive patients with CKD who are already being administered ARBs.