Drug research is an important part of pharmaceutical field especially in Ayurveda pharmaceutics to revalidate and establish various formulations. Ghritha kalpana has got prime importance due to a special property of Ghritha i.e Samskarasyanuvartana. Ksheera ghritha and Ghritha are explained with different properties in Ayurveda classics. Present study is to compare between Yastimadhu Ksheera ghritha and classical Yastimadhu ghritha by organoleptic and analytical parameters. Ksheera ghritha procedure may bypass the long procedure , maximise the percentage of extract in Ghritha. Reference of Ksheera ghritha is
available in various classical texts like Sushruta samhitha1 etc. Ksheera ghritha said to have properties like Netrya , Sangrahi , Rakthapitta hara etc.
 Ksheera ghritha of Yastimadhu prepared by preparing Ksheerapaka taken as G1 and Yastimadhu Ghritha prepared by normal classical way taken as G2. Analytical study for standardization of both samples were carried out on the basis of classically illustrated organoleptic tests and modern parameters of physico-chemical properties like LOD, Refractive index , Saponification value etc., and TLC done for qualitative analysis. By this study the major difference between Ksheera ghritha and Ghritha are established giving further scope for clinical research to establish efficacy of same.
KEY WORDS : Ayurveda, Ghritha, Yastimadhu, Ksheerapaka.


To guarantee high-performance tracking control of cable-driven manipulators under complex lumped uncertainties, we propose a novel practical adaptive integral terminal sliding mode (AITSM) control scheme in this paper. The proposed control scheme utilizes time-delay estimation (TDE) to estimate and compensate the system dynamics and therefore ensures an attractive model-free control structure. Meanwhile, a novel adaptive algorithm is designed to timely and appropriately update the gains for the AITSM manifold and combined adaptive reaching law (ARL). High control accuracy, fast dynamical response, and strong robustness can be effectively ensured, thanks to the proposed AITSM manifold and combined ARL. The stability of the closed-loop control system is analyzed using the Lyapunov stability theory. Comparative experiments were conducted, and the corresponding results show that the newly proposed TDE-based AITSM control scheme can provide a better and comprehensive control performance than the existing AITSM control method.


The purpose of this thesis is to collect knowledge of techniques and materials for planning roofgardens.

Gardens built on top of buildings is not a new phenomenon, already in the beginning of the century architects were experimenting with roofgardens. During the Modern Era roofgardens appeared as a part of the design and worked well together with flat roofs and the ideas of light, air and greenery. Today the most common kind of roofgarden is on a ground-level joist that hides parking or other underground functions.

The most important difference between planning a roofgarden and a garden on the ground is the limitation of the load of the roofgarden. Plants, paving-material and equipment must be chosen with this in mind. A light and thin layer of soil demands plants with small needs for water and nutrition. The planner also has to consider the local climat, for example sunny and windy on a rooftop or deep shadow in a yard.

The chapter with collected facts about material and techniques starts with a description of the underlying construction: joist, insulation and waterproofing, not any of the landscape architect's responsibility but still important to have some knowledge about. Then follows a catalogue with the elements in the roofgardens structure such as materials for drainage, geotextile, soil, watering and plants.

The two projects represent different kinds of roofgardens, one on a sunny rooftop and the other in a closed yard.

Finally the experiences are summarized and the most important conclusions are:

 - that it is important to work closely together with the other consultants and in the same time be aware of the dividing line.

 - that it is hard to find objective and relevant litterature in the subject, at least for swedish conditions and therefore it´s necessary to gather one's own and other's experiences.

 -that a roofgarden will have the best chanses to succeed if the planner start out from the unique premisses of a roof or joist.


The genetic integrity of 20 wheat accessions from different propagation times was studied by PAG-electrophoresis.The result showed that there were 10 genetically homogeneous accessions having only one gliadin spectrum biotype and 10 genetically heterogeneous accessions having 2-4 gliadin spectrum biotypes.Among 10 genetically heterogeneous accessions,6 were landraces.It showed that landraces had high heredity variation.The germination rates before regeneration were higher than 75% for the 5 genetically heterogeneous accessions in which the differences of frequency of gliadin spectrum biotypes were not significant between the two populations propagated in different years.But for other 5 genetically heterogeneous accessions,the differences of frequency of gliadin spectrum biotypes were significant between the two populations propagated in different years and their germination rates were lower than 66%.The result also showed that the difference of germination rate was positively correlated with difference of the frequency of biotypes at 1% level of 10 genetically heterogeneous accessions,and the correlation coefficient was 0.8665.The result indicated that the propagation germination rate was the main factor for maintaining the genetic integrity of heterogeneous germplasm.


The goal of this contribution is summary of physical – chemistry properties of usually used foundry silica and no – silica sands in Czech foundries. With the help of dilatometry analysis theoretical assumptions of influence of grain shape and size on dilatation value of sands were confirmed. Determined was the possibility of dilatometry analysis employment for preparing special (hybrid) sands with lower and/or more linear character of dilatation.


Franklin, a being 'divided within itself, ... capturable as labour' (9), and represented, in Deleuze's (1992: 5) words, as 'masses, samples, data, markets, or banks'. The 'subject digitised' (9) is life made useful: the logic of control is also the logic of exclusion and is, therefore, a betrayal of those lives not invoked as valuable by this logic, a biopolitics or necropolitics whose 'mot d'ordre' (Deleuze, 2012: 11) is subsumption: into the mouth of capital. Rather than a 'new preterition' (as Pynchon well knows, too), the resulting dispossession – the dimensions of expendable, exhausted lives – is 'new' predominantly only in so far as it voraciously expands. Franklin, then, understands control as an 'intensification of epistemic conditions' attributable to capital (26), which is unable to understand life in any other terms than labour; lives are, consequently, substitutable with other lives lived, because mobilized as routine executions, as relations that, discrete, atomize any sense or condition of community and/or care. Even the protection of species, the habitat, has been subsumed into acts of economic valuation (see Yussof, 2011); the 'violent meaning' of the mouth, to cite Georges Bataille (2013: 59), here refers to the cannibalistic ingestion of beings into the service of capital/control. It is that world, devoid of any possibilities of care, against which Franklin writes, targeting its logic of ruin, which lets nothing 'just be', justly, simply, live. Control mentions Agamben towards the end, the 'whatever being' that forms the object of investigation or potentiality in The Coming Community, as a mode of an undecidable subjectivity that, though abstract, cannot be programmed, or made 'subjectless', but which adds an emptiness, according to Agamben (2009: 66), 'the event of an outside', to singularity, a space of possibility which, empty, can receive the other, not to cannibalize but to bid welcome. If Franklin's book ends with that reference to a 'being potential' (Agamben, 2009: 42), it operates precisely in the spirit of hospitality, of offering an empty space to others, through staging a brilliant, urgent critique of contemporary politics, its processes of programmability and expulsion, and his study is all the more remarkable for not trying to 'save', as it were, an ontological being, but for resisting the instrumentalization of life – whatever life.


We have developed a new class of meter-sized, multilayer dielectric
 gratings designed for operating at 1060nm. The design allows for 3.4X
 more total energy on the grating compared to the present state of the
 art.


Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a not-contagious disease which has very high prevalence in the world. WHO had assumed that nowadays there are more than 220 million people over the world are having DM. Glucose level which is so high and deficiency of insulin at DM patient can cause body use fat as energy. On fat oxidation produced ketone bodies which if it's over can be detected in the blood and the urine (ketonuria). Accumulation of ketone bodies produces by hepar cell can cause acidosis metabolic which is often cause death. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there ketone bodies in the urine of patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus in RSUP H Adam Malik Medan. This is a descriptive study with cross-sectional design. The population of this study were all outpatients with type 2 diabetes Mellitus in Endocrinology divisions of Internal Departement of RSUP H Adam Malik Medan. Samples were 100 people who were taken with consevutive sampling method. The specimens used were urine samples were checked the ketone bodies by using Rothera Test in Laboratory Rawat Inap Terpadu A RSUP H Adam Malik Medan. From the result of the study found that 100 respondents, only 4 people (4%) showed positive results ketonuria, 2 people (50%) had blood glucose levels 301-400 mg / dL, 1 (25%) of people have blood glucose levels 401-500 mg / dL, and 1 person (25%) had blood glucose levels ≥ 501 mg / dL . From the result above it can be concluded the most of patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus was not found the ketone bodies in their urine.


Let dk(n) be the number of the factorizations of n into k positive numbers. It is known that the following asymptotic formula holds: where r and q are co-prime integers with 0 < r < q, Pk is a polynomial of degree k − 1, φ(q) is the Euler function, and Δk (q; r) is the error term. (See Lavrik [3]).


During the last thirty years, global economy has suffered from deep transformations where knowledge and innovation have become key factors to explain the dynamics of competitiveness. Not only does this take place at the enterprise level, but also within the productive networks they are in (Erbes et al, 2006; Nonaka y Takeuchi, 1999, Lundvall, 2003, among others). For changes become a reality, enterprises should foster learning processes that enhance workers' knowledge and improve productivity. Thus, enterprises would grow to be learning organizations, and a dynamic relationship between learning and productivity would be established. According to Zarifian (1994), work organization models with an organizational structure conducive to learning processes would be more alike the lean production system, i.e. teamwork, job rotation, workers' active participation, among others. Therefore, the production of knowledge at workplace, its diffusion and acquisition by workers, is linked to enterprise modernization, and workers' personal and professional development. This paper has two aims. It will first analyze the relationship between the production organization forms and the development of workers' knowledge, taking into account how organization devices contribute to increase it. It will then offer a description of the work organization present within the automotive productive network – terminals and supply chain - from workers' perspective. This article aims at answering some questions: i) what kind of work organization patterns foster learning processes and workers' competences? ii) To what extend are these patterns present among the studied enterprises? iii) What worker profile does this kind of organization help to develop? iv)Are there any differences among the companies in the network as per their role in it? v) How do workers appraise their job experience in those enterprises? The analysis focuses on network workers' situation. From March to October 2006, a survey was carried out among workers, and interviews were held. Survey analysis led to build indicators such as teamwork, job rotation, participation and


This paper examines what happened when Sweden recognized Estonia and Latvia as sovereign states. The recognising process was part of what during the time was called "the Baltic problem". The Baltic ...


A B S T R A C T The leaves of Jasminum grandiflorum L. (Family: Oleaceae) is used in folk medicine for treating ulcerative stomatitis, skin diseases, ulcers, wounds, etc. Anti ulcer activity of hydro alcoholic extract of leaves of Jasminum grandiflorum L. was evaluated employing aspirin + pylorus ligation (APL) induced acute gastric ulcer models in albino rats. The effect of ethanolic extract of leaves of Jasminum grandiflorum L. (100 and 200 mg/kg, b.w., orally) on the volume of gastric juice, gastric pH, total acid, free acid and ulcer induces in the pyloric -legated rats was studied for the assessment of antiulcer activity. There was a significant (P < 0.01) dose-dependent decrease in the ulcerative lesion index produced by aspirin + pylorus ligation (APL) induced acute gastric ulcer models in albino rats as compared to the standard drug Omeprazole (30 mg/kg, b.w. orally). The reduction in gastric fluid volume, free acid, total acid and an increase in the pH of the gastric fluid in APL rats proved the antisecretory and potential antiulcer activity of leaves of Jasminum grandiflorum L.


A precision measurement of underground cosmic muon flux has r elevance in various applications. It may reveal underground structures such as ores of i ncreased density or an empty cavern, and it is a key quantity for proposing underground low-radia tion experiments. As an example of the latter, the cosmic muon flux has been determined at a new ex perimental facility under construction in Felsenkeller, Dresden, Germany. Concerning t he former applications, we investigate the required precision of cosmic muon flux measurements. A Mo nte Carlo simulation has been applied to quantify the multiple scattering of muons in stan d rd rock and the required angular resolution of tracking detectors. We found that a typical 20 mrad angular resolution is sufficient to study structures of cavities smaller than 8 m diameter, an d smaller cavities or corresponding high density accumulations, will be even more smeared. To ve rify the simulations, measurements have been performed with the a portable tracking detector at 7.5 meter-soil-equivalent depth in an artificial tunnel system in Budapest, Hungary.


Amorphization of silicon films occurred through homogeneous solidification of molten silicon layers on quartz substrates induced by irradiation with a 30ns-XeCl excimer laser. The crystalline nucleation rate was obtained to be 8×10 30 m −3 s −1 . Silicon films were completely amorphized for films thinner than 18nm. Complete amorphizatoin is brought about by reduced grain size and reduced recalescence as the film thickness decreases. Recalescence was observed in situ using transient thermometry with a platinum-temperature-sensing layer when a 15nm-thick silicon film was amorphized.


The prominent method for solving nonlinear equation is the classical Newton's method. Nevertheless the method is computational expensive, especially when handling largescale systems, it requires more computation for storage of the Jacobian matrix, as well as solving a Newton's system at each iteration. In this paper, we continue the spirit of Newton method to develop an alternative approximation for the Newton step via diagonal updating. The anticipation behind our approach is to reduce the computational complexity of the classical Newton's method for solving large-scale systems of nonlinear equations. The convergence of the method proposed has been proven under standard assumptions. Numerical investigation into the effectiveness and consistency of the proposed scheme are given by numerical evaluation of some well-known benchmark nonlinear systems with some variants of Newton's method.


In order to cope with the incompatibility of traditional AGC control under CPS control performance standard, this paper proposes a hierarchical control framework based on DQN algorithm. It effectively solves the problem of dimensionality disaster of Q learning by using neural network instead of state action pair, and speed up the convergence. Through simulation verification, this method can effectively improve the system CPS control performance index and effectively reduce the system power generation cost.


This study was conducted in order to determine the effect of Black seed oil on the reduction of the negative effects of the Aflatoxin B1, B2 produce from Aspergillus flavus in white rat females and effect it's on the physiological blood parameters. The results of isolation and initial diagnosis showed Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger in all samples studied percentage (100%) and isolated from the seeds of rice while the percentage of the emergence of fungi Penicillium spp and Trichothecium spp and Rhizopus spp rates ranged (50, 45, 14)% respectively of the samples studied. The results showed that Black seed oil had a significant effect on the physiological parameters of blood. The rate of white blood cells (WBC) increased to (15 × 10 3 and 21 × 103) cells/mm3 when treated with Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and Aflatoxin B2 (AFB2) compared to control treatment. The results showed that the Black seed had decreased the rate of white blood cells when used with aflatoxin (AFB1+ 800) and (AFB2 + 800) mg/kg oil to (11.5 × 103 and 7.5× 103 cell/mm 3 respectively.


Abstract : The handbook presents the weight and balance characteristics of the XSM-65-28D Missile and is the eleventh D-R and D missile weighed. Portions of this Handbook (Parts IV THRU VI) are in development and not included in the Handbook at this time. Part II shows the actual dry weight and balance in the condition as weighed at the factory, and the computed dry weight and balance for flight condition based on the as weighed condition. The latter is compared for reference purposes to the predicted flight dry weight and balance derived before weighing.


In this paper, we present the use-case of an OFDM-based flight test telemetry link operating in C-band and give insight into a measurement campaign to characterize the wireless channel for aircraft-to-ground links. We present the equipment and algorithm used for the derivation of the channel spreading function. This function describes the impact of a channel on transmitted signals with respect to delay and Doppler spread. We disclose exemplary results that illustrate different channel characteristics for different operational scenarios of test aircraft. The utilization of the channel characteristics for an optimized parameterization of OFDM links and for data link validation using real-time channel emulation completes this study.


EnglishIn this article we assess the structural changes that took place in the coastal area of eastern Hispania (now corresponding to Catalonia and the northern region of Valencia), focusing particularly on the relationship between city and countryside. We also consider the extent of the Crisis of the Third Century in the light of archaeology, as well as the population's evolution from a Roman model typical of the first half of the Roman Empire to Late Antiquity, trying to assess whether this was a case of depopulation or concentration of ownership or both. Finally, we analyse the transition from the Roman model of settlement and the Visigoth period with the transition to early medieval settlement. catalaEn aquest treball valorem els canvis estructurals que es varen produir a la zona costanera oriental d'Hispania (corresponent actualment a Catalunya i el nord del Pais Valencia), centrant-nos especialment en la relacio ciutat-camp. Plantegem l'abast real de la crisi del segle iii a la llum de l'arqueologia, aixi com l'evolucio del poblament des del model roma altimperial fi ns l'antiguitat tardana, intentant valorar si ens trobem davant un despoblament o una concentracio de la propietat, o ambdues coses. Finalment, analitzarem la transicio entre el model roma de poblament i l'etapa visigoda amb la transicio al poblament altmedieval.


Introduction: Alveolar osteitis (AO) creates severe and self-limiting pain, which needs to be treated with several postoperative visits, leading to increases in patient's morbidity and costs. Hence, the most basic and best treatment could be prevention. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of bioadhesive chlorhexidine (CHX) gel in reducing AO occurrence with published studies. Materials and Methods: Medline/PubMed, Scopus, EBSCO, Ovid and Cochrane central registry for control trial were searched up to 28 February 2014 using "alveolar osteitis" and "chlorhexidine" as key words for systematic review and meta-analysis. Inclusion criteria were prospective and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published on this topic. From the chosen studies, the eligible articles were reviewed. Data were analyzed using Review Manager 5.2 software. Results: Out of 43 studies, seven eligible trials with 593 participants were selected. Bioadhesive 0.2% CHX gel prevented approximately 72% of AO (Odd ratio (OR) = 0.28, 95% confidence Interval (CI): 0.18-0.44; P Conclusion: Bioadhesive 0.2% CHX gel may be effective as a post-medication to reduce incidence of AO.


Thermal to visible face image translation aims at synthesizing high-fidelity visible face images from thermal counterparts, placing emphasis on preserving the identity of the faces. While remarkable progress has been achieved related to the quality of synthetic images, as well as related to associated face matching accuracy, interpreting the generation process from thermal to visible face images remains an open challenge. Towards tackling this challenge, we present a novel generic attention-guided generative adversarial network (AG-GAN) for thermal to visible image translation. The AG-GAN framework is based on an encoder network that directly generates attention feature maps from an input thermal image in either, supervised or unsupervised fashion. A decoder network takes the attention maps and applies adaptive layer-instance normalization, in order to reconstruct the corresponding visible image. We show that solving thermal to visible image translation tasks through AG-GAN significantly improves the cross-spectral face matching accuracy, as well as inherently supports model explanation.


While carponavicular subluxation has been reported before, treatment by percutaneous pins of the carponavicular bone has not. A patient with this injury had percutaneous pinning to hold the closed reduction of the subluxed carpal bone and has since progressed to a gradual complete return of function.


The droplet drift during aerial spraying process of oilseed rape, which is induced by complex flow field including random lateral wind, is difficult to predict and suppress. In this study, the high-fidelity computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technique is employed to simulate the two-phase flow of droplets in the rotor flow field, and the influence of main operation parameters on spraying effect is investigated numerically. Furthermore, the mechanism of droplet deposition in various operation conditions is discussed according to the analysis of unsteady flow field characteristics. However, the simulation via CFD technique is time-consuming, and it is not suitable for multidisciplinary work and optimization design. To address such issue, a filter white Gaussian noise signal is used to mimic the random lateral wind, and the droplet drift distance is obtained numerically. Based on the input and output dataset of CFD, the recursive algorithm including nonlinear autoregressive exogenous model and surrogate-based recurrence framework and the deep learning method for time-series prediction called long short-term memory neural network are used to build the efficient reduced-order model, respectively. Numerical simulations show that the droplet drift distance can be predicted by measurable lateral wind speed via the reduced-order model approach, which agreed well with the results obtained via the CFD method. In addition, the reduced-order model could decrease computation cost by 6 orders of magnitude with an acceptable accuracy, which indicates that the proposed method could be used for the design of off-line closed-loop controller of a variable spraying system.


Tallgrass prairie once occupied 67.6 million hectares in the North American Midwest but less than 0.1% remains today. Consisting of more than 2200 ha, Neal Smith National Wildlife Refuge (NSNWR) was established by the US Fish and Wildlife Service in the 5217 ha Walnut Creek watershed in Jasper County, Iowa. Large tracts of land are being converted from row crop agriculture to native prairie and savanna with the goal to restore the landscape to a semblance of the condition that existed prior to Euro-American settlement. Understanding hydrologic processes at the watershed scale has been a focus of research at NSNWR for nearly two decades and the purpose of this paper is to integrate research results from monitoring projects to assess the progress made towards restoring five key hydrologic components: the water balance, stream network, streamflow hydrograph, groundwater levels and water quality. Restoration of hydrology is severely challenged by the history of hydrologic changes that occurred in the basin during a century of intensive agricultural activity. We document measurable progress in restoring key hydrologic processes in some areas, particularly in upland catchments compared to the larger watershed scale and discuss the timeframe needed to observe changes at short- and long-term scales.


Abstract Objective To examine willingness to consider and to pay for various one-to-one telehealth appointments and online group training/information sessions amongst hearing service clients interested in future telehealth. Design Online survey exploring telehealth usage and attitudes more broadly. Study sample One-hundred-and-sixty-eight (39.8%) of the 422 survey respondents who answered the question were interested in future hearing-related telehealth. Data were analysed for the 148 providing demographic information. Results At least some respondents were interested in each type of one-to-one appointment (∼30–60% for most types) and group training/information session (∼30–50% for most types). Some inconsistent associations were found between willingness to consider individual appointment types and a metropolitan location, younger age, and female gender. Associations with having a hearing device fitted may have been influenced by the different needs of those without devices. Younger respondents were more likely to consider a wide range of appointment types. Being younger was associated with an interest in 7 of the 9 different group session types. The acceptable price range was AUD$30–$86 (USD$22–$62) (n = 129) for one-to-one appointments and AUD$47–$103 (USD$34–$73) for three group sessions (n = 99). Conclusions Despite additional communication needs, hearing service clients have a strong interest in a range of individual and group telehealth services.


Objective: Alexithymia is a symptom that most psychosomatic patients experience and can affect their performance, psychological state, and the severity of their physical symptoms. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of group therapy based on acceptance and commitment on the severity of fatigue and depression with the moderating role of alexithymia in MS patients in Tehran.
Methodology: In this research, a semi-experimental design was used with pre-test, post-test, and three months of follow-up. Using convenience sampling, 40 patients with MS were randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. Before and after the intervention and three months later in the follow-up phase, all of the subjects responded to fatigue severity, depression, and alexithymia questionnaires. The intervention consisted of 10 sessions of 90-minutes group therapy based on acceptance and commitment, which was provided only to the experimental group.
Findings: Analysis of covariance indicated a significant difference between the mean scores of fatigue severity, depression, and alexithymia in the experimental and control groups in post-test and follow-up stages.
Conclusion: The findings of this study indicated the effectiveness of group therapy based on acceptance and commitment on reducing the severity of fatigue and depression with the moderating role of alexithymia in MS patients.


A new balloon for flexible endoscopes has been developed and used in 25 patients with esophageal varices: sclerotherapy was carried out as prophylaxis against rebleeding in 17 cases, and during active hemorrhage in 8 cases. The balloon was shown to be effective in controlling hemorrhage and enabling sclerosing injections to be carried out, both in emergency and in cases of bleeding response to injections.


The effect of opening roller speed, difference in drum speed and suction air pressure on packing density parameters of open-end and core-sheath friction spun yarns has been analyzed using the Box-Behnken method and response surface equations. The trends of change in packing density with process variables are found to be opposite to those of yarn diameter. Yarn diameter decreases, and helix angle and packing density increase with the increase in suction air pressure for open-end and core-sheath friction spun yarns. Core-sheath friction yarns have lower yarn diameter and helix angle, but higher packing density than open-end friction yarns.


This paper proposes an innovative approach to utilizing Buck converter as an ideal Power Factor Correction (PFC) controller where variable width Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) switching signals are generated and implemented to reliably control the voltage and current conversion phenomena. The developed converter topology is tactically utilized to design an efficacious grid-connected electric vehicle charger with substantially ameliorated line Power Factor so that the system loss can be averted in the case of AC-DC charging circuits. In order to ensure the sustainability of the proposed method, PSIM simulation software has been used to emulate a simulation model of a Battery charging system for Electric vehicles. The simulated output and evaluated performance parameters provide almost unity Power Factor (PF) with a Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) rate of 4.62% which is lower than the maximum allowable value recommended by IEEE519. The simulation outcome corroborates the efficiency and validity of the proposed framework.


Time-resolved laser induced fluorescence spectroscopy has been used to study complexation of Eu(III) ion with nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA). An experimental setup consisting of the nitrogen laser pumped tunable dye laser and two different detection devices has been built and extensively tested. Using this apparatus, the lifetimes of the 5D0 level of Eu(III) ion in complexes with NTA in water solution for 2:1, 1:1, 1:2 Eu:NTA molar ratios over the wide pH range have been measured.


Insurance business has been a guard against life misfortunes in the past decades. The households, companies and governments have received benefits from this business. However, there is need to analyze the Value Chain of this service so that all these parties involved maximize their intended benefits. It is really crucial in developing countries like Zimbabwe as they are moving towards developed status. The developed world has maximized on the benefits from this industry and more security, certainty and confidence has been built. The focus group of this book includes business students, investors, government, lecturers and the general household. This enhances the group assess their benefits in the value chain of the insurance business for future investments. Therefore the book uses the Value Chain model by Porter in order to assess its impact in the service sector, particularly insurance business.


Key Points Question Is there an autoantibody biomarker of immune-mediated rippling muscle disease (iRMD)? Findings In this cohort study, autoantibodies to caveolae-associated protein 4 (cavin-4) were identified and orthogonally validated in 8 of 10 patients with iRMD; results for all healthy and disease-control individuals were seronegative. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated depletion of cavin-4 expression in biopsied iRMD skeletal muscle. Meaning The findings suggest that seropositivity for cavin-4 IgG, the first specific serological biomarker discovered for iRMD, may support an autoimmune pathogenesis for this clinical and immunohistopathologic entity.


We examine the role of information in farmers' decisions to adopt GM corn, and find that the set of influential information sources is substantially different in 1997 and 1998. Further, our results suggest that one high quality information source is more influential than the quantity of information.


The patterns of dispersion of length at age were analysed in 142 samples representing 115 stocks, 72 species and seven orders of teleost fishes. The coefficients of variation i.e. the ratios of the standard deviations to the mean lengths, declined with age in 85 samples, did not vary significantly with age in 50 samples and increased with age in seven samples. A rapid exponential decline in the coefficients of variation of length with age was a dominant characteristic of most short-lived stocks. Conversely, in most long-lived stocks, the coefficients of variation of length remained relatively constant, declined gradually, or increased slightly with age. It is proposed that the patterns of dispersion of length at age can be modelled empirically as a function of longevity. The probable sources of the observed patterns, including the intrinsic variability of life-history parameters between individuals and the impact of social interactions, are discussed.


Seaweed is one of the leading commodities of marine and fisheries sector which has high selling value. But the potential is not reflected in the income level and welfare of the farmers. Seaweed cultivation has a very high risk of crop failure due to several issues, among others, at first, seaweed farmers are still not able to fully utilize the technology, so at the time of planting farmers lose much seaweed both because of pests and plant diseases and because of the waves, secondly there are only four to five growing seasons of the year. The longline cultivation method of floating inverted mosquito net (FIMN) model serves to capture the seaweed that may fall or loose from the rope, from the time of planting to harvest. The purpose of this research is to know the difference of income and compare income before and after introduction of technology by using partial budget analysis. The study was conducted during one seaweed season (May July 2016) on longline construction as much as 16 ropes. Each rope has a size of 50 meters (a rope is used to bind the seeds). The construction of technology was performed in March – April 2016. The results showed that during the process, from planting to harvest, seaweed that can be netted on the net overturned as much as 20 percent of the initial seedlings. On the debit side, income reducing is 218 USD. On the credit side, added income is 245USD, so the additional benefit is 28 USD.


Chapter 1 Introduction Part 2 Part I. Matters of Interpretation Chapter 3 Chapter 1. Original Meaning and Responsible Citizenship Chapter 4 Chapter 2. "Common-Sense Constitutionalism": Why Constitutional Structure Matters for Justice Scalia Part 5 Part II. Originalism and the Judicial Role Chapter 6 Chapter 3. Judicial Usurpation: Perennial Temptation, Contemporary Challenge Chapter 7 Chapter 4. Authority Doctrines and the Proper Judicial Role: Judicial Supremacy, Stare Decisis, and the Concept of Judicial Constitutional Violations Chapter 8 Chapter 5. Freedom Questions, Political Questions: Republicanism and the Myth of a "Bill of Rights" Part 9 Part III. Law and Politics Chapter 10 Chapter 6. Confirmations in Times Turned Mean: A Strategy for the Hearings Chapter 11 Chapter 7. The Supreme Court and Changing Social Mores Part 12 Part IV. Originalism and Political Thought Chapter 13 Chapter 8. Scientism, Human Nature, and Modern Constitutional Theory Chapter 14 Chapter 9. A Constitution to Die For? Congressional Authority to Raise an Army Chapter 15 Chapter 10. Neoconservatives and the Courts: The Public Interest, 1965-1980


Interest in computational thinking (CT) in the scientific community has increased significantly in the last 4 years, as evidenced by the numerous systematic reviews carried out. However, there is a lack of reviews that update the emerging conceptualization of CT and which also examine the roles of the school curriculum and teachers in the face of CT. A systematic literature review (SLR) consists of a collection of research conducted according to previous criteria with the aim of answering research questions with validity and quality. For this reason, the PRISMA-ScR statement was followed. Articles published in scientific journals, from Scopus and WoS, between January 2018 and August 2021 were included, in the English or Spanish language. The initial search resulted in 492 articles, to which the inclusion-exclusion criteria were applied. The final sample of texts for the present systematic review was n = 145. The texts were analyzed from three perspectives: conceptual, documentary and pedagogical. Thus, a renewal of previous literature reviews was carried out, updating the situation with research from recent years and new data, obtained to contribute to the collective intelligence on methodological strategies (80% of the sample was divided into "plugged" and "unplugged"); educational (more than 50% studied CT evaluation); and resources, including a collection of more than 119 educational resources.


Merging of grid and Web is a future tendency,and also is an important,hot point of grid researching.The traditional ways of merging are limited in the complex and heterogeneous grid environment.This paper mainly designs a switch between grid and Web named GWS,achieves the seamless connection between grid and Web,provides a new technology and a new direction of merging grid and Web.


Staff in intensive care units need to recognise that families remain in crisis mode regardless of the length of time a family member stays in the unit, according to an American nurse researcher.


The bachelor's thesis is concentrated on educational facilities for the execution of institutional pedagogy and is concerned with the transformation process and unification of the system of the care for endangered children. The objective is to find out what conceptions and attitudes specialists of children's homes take up to planned changes in the care for endangered children. It also deals with an analysis of documents concerning this care system more in detail. Particularly, it reports how the planned changes in the system of the care for endangered children are evaluated by qualified public.


The Institute of Transportation Engineers' recent overall membership growth,and the increasing numbers of young people among them are noted. The growth will make the organization a dynamic one that will meet the challenges that face the profession. To successfully involve younger members in the Institute, three things are necessary: capturing of the interest of the youthful members; generating employer support for their involvement; and encouraging their participation at the local section and chapter level. The benefits to be gained from participation in ITE are noted, and ways in which employer support may be generated are described. The need to identify future leaders and provide them with opportunities to participate and grow into future leadership positions is noted.


The goal of PKM is to help partners solve their priority issues, including in the fields of digitization, account management, and the enhanced ability to read yellow book references to find material. Outside of this dedication: (1) Partners are able to engage digitally through social media that has already been created, in this case by Dai NU and LDNU managers; (2) Partners are capable of managing accounts of engagement well to continue to grow; (3) Partners are able to make videos of engagement; (4) Partners can read books of Nasoibh Ibad as reference material for engaging in engagement; (4) Publication of articles in accredited national journals; (5) Publication of articles on national seminars resulting from dedication to the community organized by the University of Nurul Huda; (6) Formation of mutually beneficial cooperation between the University of Noorl Huda OKU East with the community and the Doi NU in the environment of LDNu OKU Eastern


This dissertation documents the quality of financial accounting information in a transition economy, the Czech Republic. High quality accounting information decreases the risks for investors, promotes investment activities and increases the ability of companies to raise funds at a reasonable cost of capital. Countries with high quality accounting information have a comparative advantage in attracting financial capital. Transition economies - i.e. countries switching from centrally planned to market economies - are typically in need of capital. Therefore a new accounting regulation had to be developed that would satisfy the needs of new private investors. The quality of financial accounting information depends on accounting quality (an outcome of applied accounting principles) and disclosure quality (an outcome of the amount and characteristics of information provided in the financial statements). Accounting quality is measured as the value relevance of accounting numbers and certain attributes of earnings which promote the value relevance. Disclosure quality is measured in terms of mandatory disclosure requirements, actual disclosures of companies (i.e. the level of compliance with legislation) and additional information provided voluntarily by the companies. Sweden is used as a benchmark for well-developed market economy and the quality of financial accounting information in the Czech Republic is systematically compared to the quality of Swedish financial accounting information throughout the dissertation. The results show that both accounting and disclosure quality in the Czech Republic were inferior in the beginning of the transition period. Over time, the value relevance of accounting numbers has however improved. The change in the value relevance may be attributed in particular to improvements in disclosure quality. The key factors behind the development were improved accounting legislation and control mechanisms, accompanied by changes in the business climate including higher sophistication of both the producers and users of the financial information.


Purpose: To evaluate corneal endothelial protection effect of ascorbic acid (AA) at the most appropriate concentration, and determine the synergistic effect of glutathione in irrigation solution during phacoemulsification. Methods: Phacoemulsification was performed in the anterior chamber of 30 rabbit eyes for 5 minutes without damage to other ocular structures. Thirty rabbit eyes were divided into 6 groups, of 5 eyes each, according to the following irrigation solutions in phacoemulsification.: BSS in group 1, BSS with 1 mM AA in group 2, BSS Plus in group 3, BSS Plus with 0.1 mM AA in group 4, BSS Plus with 1 mM AA in group 5 and BSS Plus with 10 mM AA in group 6. Corneal endothelial loss was measured with specular microscopic photographies taken before and 1 week after surgery. Results: Postoperatively endothelial counts were reduced by 592.0100.0, 275.951.9, 658.2107.1, 466.388.6, 259.361.6 and 451.663.7 (mean cells/mm2SD) in groups 1-6, respectively. Endothelial cells in group 2 were less reduced than in group 1 (P=0.009), but there was no difference between groups 2 and 5. Though the reduction of endothelial cells in groups 4, 5, and 6 were less than in group 3 (P


Wastewater produced by batik industry in Cibelok Village, Pemalang that is disposed straight into the sewage will increase the concentration of Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), ammonia (NH3), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), watercolour, acidity (pH), and dissolved oxygen (DO). Disposed batik wastewater without treatment will contaminate the environment, mainly its water and soil. The main purpose of this research is to reduce the concentration of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), ammonia (NH3), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), watercolour, acidity, and dissolved oxygen (DO) by treating batik Cibelok's waste and not contaminate the surrounding environment. Laboratory test results on batik waste in COD, BOD, DO, ammonia, chromium, lead, colour, and acidity (pH). These results are not in accordance with the 2014 Waste Water Quality Standard Number 5 by the Regulation of the Minister of Environment of the Republic of Indonesia. Alternatives that have been done to treat Cibelok Village's batik waste is to lower dangerous substances concentration through electrocoagulation and filtration. The processes could lower COD level around 57.6%, ammonia 98%, chromium 85%, and BOD 67%. Reducing the concentration of the substance makes the batik waste safer and environmentally friendly when it's finally disposed to the sewage.


To analyze seasonal genetic changes of natural Porphyra patches in the same location, isozymic analysis was carried out by starch gel electrophoresis. Eleven isozyme loci: Aat, Cat, Dia, Gpi, G6pdh, Gdh, Mdh, Mpi, Pgm, 6Pgdh and Sod were scored in Porphyra gametophytic thalli collected between November 1987 and April 1988 from one location, which was divided into 3 sampling sites, from the seashore to the offshore, at Fukushima Prefecture-Japan. A visible change due to time was observed in the allele frequencies. The allelic combination of the 11 loci for the 3 sampling sites varied from 1 to 14. The predominant combination changed due to time. The new alleles found at Gpi and Sod, indicate the clone of Porphyra pseudalinearis Ueda. Combination with the new alleles were only observed from November up to the middle of January. The first change (from November to December) of the predominant allelic combination revealed, that the clone of P. pseudolinearis tends to disappear, increasing at that time the population of Porphyra yezoensis Ueda, and that the second change (from March to April) revealed the predominance of another clone of P. yezoensis. The seasonal change of the predominant allelic combination leads to the conclusion that the clonal propagation of these gametophytes is the responsible for the formation of patches.


Plants Terminalia arjuna and Tamarindus indica are known to have a significant molluscicidal potential to control the population of vector snails. Since the molluscicides are considered an emerging pollutant and are frequently detected in surface water bodies and found to be a great threat for aquatic biota. Hence, the main objective of this research is to critically evaluate the ectotoxicological and chronic effect of plant-derived molluscicides on other aquatic biotas. With these references this study deals with the safety measurement of molluscicides arjnolic acid, saponin and procynadine from T. arjuna and T. Indica against the fish Colisa fasciatus which share the same habitat with snails. The result of toxicity experiment reveals that fishes showed no mortality against 24h LC90 (against L. acuminata and I. exustus) up to 96h exposure duration. The enzyme bioassays of these molluscicides on the nervous tissue of fish showed no significant effect on key enzymes Acetylcholinesterase, acid and alkaline phosphates activity in comparison to control group of fishes. These results indicated that the application of arjunolic acid, saponin, and procynadine derive from plant T. arjuna and T. indica at its maximum concentration (24h LC90 of L. acuminata and I. exustus) and exposure duration (96h) did not cause any mortality or treatment-related enzymes inactivity in fishes. The study conclusively proved the ecotoxicological and chronic safety of plant-derived molluscicides arjunolic acid, saponin, and procynadine on non-target animals in the aquatic environment.


In the 1960s Guthrie conceived the idea of preventing congenital disease using dried blood spot samples on filter paper to detect them through biochemical tests and then be able to treat environmental factors in time to avoid the devastating effect of the diseases. Uruguay started in 1994 with the detection of congenital hypothyroidism in umbilical cord blood. In 2007 it was extended to Phenylketonuria and Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia, starting with dried blood spot sample. In 2008, with the incorporation of Mass Spectrometry, a pilot program was started for the detection of aminoacidopathies, beta-oxidation defects and organic acidemias disorders. In the following years, the program expanded to more diseases, reaching a total of 25 disorders that could be detected, 5 of them are investigated on a mandatory basis and others in pilot program. During the 25-year of experience, 974277 umbilical cord blood samples were analyzed and since 2007: 532684 dried blood spot samples. 613 true positive congenital disorders were identified. The coverage has been greater than 98% and the repetition rate for insufficient samples less than 1.9%.


Wisdom, Which Alone Is Truly Fair": Education and Government in Milton's Prose Tracts and Paradise Lost Erika D. Smith Director: Phillip J. Donnelly, Ph.D. While the character of Milton's republicanism has been the subject of long debate, this study focuses on Milton's privileging of wisdom as the characteristic which makes rulers fittest to govern and subjects most deserving of liberty. In The Readie and Easie Way, Milton draws on distinctions between tutelage, which is designed for overseeing young children, and teaching, which is designed to prepare youths for adulthood, to describe the importance of education in the nation under monarchies and republican commonwealths respectively. Through the lens of this same focus on maturation and wisdom, Of Education and Areopagitica demonstrate Milton's sustained interest in cultivating wisdom in the people by teaching decorum through poetry and temperance through the government's restraint from instituting pre-publication censorship. Finally, Milton's Paradise Lost explores the importance of wisdom in Adam and Eve's relationship and by extension educates the reader in cultivating temperance through reading and through activity at home and in politics. APPROVED BY DIRECTOR OF HONORS THESIS: __________________________________________ Dr. Phillip J. Donnelly, Department of Great Texts APPROVED BY THE HONORS PROGRAM: ___________________________________________ Dr. Andrew Wisely, Director DATE:_____________________ "WISDOM, WHICH ALONE IS TRULY FAIR" EDUCATION AND GOVERNMENT IN MILTON'S PROSE TRACTS AND PARADISE LOST A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Baylor University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Honors Program


The present marketing theory and practice have been recognized that the transactions between buyer and seller are included in social relations. Despite extensive research on inter-organizational transactions, there has been little effort to address the role of a larger social network operated by a B2B company. This paper attempts to present a theory that will help network theory find out how the company should move forward and how to continue to succeed in a B2B environment. Social capital is an important concept in all areas, not just marketing. I will explain network theory which is one of the concepts derived from this social capital. A lot of research on network theory has been done and is still going on. That is why network theory is an important part of marketing. Previous studies have examined the power relationships in network theory and how they affect the performance of the company. However, there has not been much research into the influence of each of the network theories in detail such as strong tie and weak tie. Recently, the concept of network openness emerged, and it was found that research on this was lacking. So the main purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between network theory (strong tie, weak tie) and network performance and to examine the mediating effect of openness. In this study, network theory is divided into two kinds. There is a strong tie and weak tie. We will each demonstrate how different groups affect network performance. Therefore, the results will be good for future companies if they take these characteristics into consideration when starting network relations. Moreover, our research has contributed to importance of openness.


This one-day workshop seeks to advance the discussion around making and fabrication in HCI research, including notions of hobbyist making and industrial production. These different fabrication cultures are the starting point for the workshop, which attempts to contour the landscape of fabrication and how it influences and is influenced by HCI (research). The proposed workshop extends from two prior efforts in this space: a workshop held at the 5th Decennial Aarhus Conference and a three-day summit in Austria in September 2015 on "Rethinking Technology Innovation: Factories, Fabrication & Design Research".


The notion of adaptive reuse can be applied to creating resilience in structures designed to resist seismic events. Many of the issues associated with the difficulties encountered in repairing structures that have been damaged as the result of earthquakes lies as much in the hidden nature of the damage as it does in the repair and remediation of the structures. The structures are not resilient enough to resist the seismic event and are not designed to be repaired. This has been clearly evidenced in the February 22, 2011 earthquake in Christchurch, New Zealand which measured 6.3 on the Richter Scale. Much of the Central Business District of Christchurch is in the process of being systematically demolished as a result of the inability to repair the extensive structural damage. Christchurch has provided a large test field to examine structural performance during a significant quake event. This seems to point to the benefits of using steel bracing systems over traditional concrete framing systems from the perspective of ease of repair. This in turn has led to suggestions that exposing the braces can make inspection and repair post quake more efficient and effective. This paper will examine a range of bracing systems towards the promotion of developing an architecture that exploits the exposure of bracing systems to simultaneously answer the needs of seismic (or other severe lateral loading) events through highlighted expression of the bracing system.


SummaryAt present, it is accepted that in 1983 Montagnier proved the existence of HIV. In their 1983 study, Montagnier and his colleagues took the supernatant from cultures containing tissue derived from AIDS patients and banded it in sucrose density gradients. They claimed that the 1.16g/ml band represented purified virus 1. Some of the proteins and RNAs were considered to represent the retroviral proteins and retroviral genome, respectively. Subsequently the proteins were used as antigens for the antibody tests, and the nucleic acids for hybridisation and PCR studies. Indeed, it is logical that if the 1.16 g/ml band contained purified viral-like particles and the particles were infectious, one has no choice but to consider both the proteins and the RNA as being viral constituents.


The characteristics of copolymerization of acrylonitrile and styrene by Fe(acac)_(3)-Al(i-Bu)_(3)-α,α'-bipyridine and the stracture of the copolymer are presented in the paper.All polymerization reactions were carried out under nitrogen atmosphere using syringe technic.The copolymer is characterized by IR and ~(13)C-NMR.The acrylonitrile is 49.3% and styrene is 50.7% in the copolymer when acrylonitrile / styrene molar ratio is one.The copolymerization can be performed in the solvents such as aromatic hydrocarbon and alkane.The yield is higher in anisole than the others.Molecular weight distribution and molecular weight of copolymer is changed with the change of acrylonitrile / styrene molar ratio.The suitable Fe/α,α'-bipyridine molar ratio is 1.The kinetic studies indicate that the rate of copolymerization reaction is first order with respect to monomer concentration.The activation energy of copolymerization E_(a) is evaluated to be 57.8 kJ/mol.


The most rapid Real-time PCR based detection method for Avian influenza A virus (AIV) subtype H5N1 was developed. The target DNA sequence in this study was deduced from H5N1 subtype-specific 387 bp partial gene of hemagglutinin, and was synthesized by using PCR-based gene synthesis on the ground of safety. Real-Time PCR was performed by using microchip-based, total of reaction mixture with extremely short time in each steps in PCR. The detection including PCR-amplication and analysis of melting temperature was totally completed within 13 min. The H5N1-specific 189 bp PCR product was correctly amplified until 2.4 molecules of hemagglutinin gene as minimum of templates. This kind of PCR was designated as Quick Real-Time PCR in this study and it could be applied to detect not only AIV H5N1, but also other pathogens using PCR-based detection.


The dynamic mechanical behaviour of composites of amine-terminated butadiene acrylonitrile elastomer (ATBN) and diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A cured with diamino diphenyl methane has been measured over the temperature range 175-325 K, frequency range 10 -4 -1 Hz and composition range 0-61.4% wt ATBN


The utility model discloses a tire bead and subplate storage cart, which comprises a wheel I (8), a wheel II (10), a base (11) and a handspike (13). The tire bead and subplate storage cart is characterized in that the upper end of the rear end of the base is fixedly connected with the lower end of a column III (12), the upper end of the column III is fixedly connected with one end of a beam I (1), the other end of the beam I is connected with one end of a beam II (2), the other end of the beam II is connected with one end of a beam IV (7), the other end of the beam IV is connected with the upper end of a column II (9), and the lower end of the column II is connected with the front end of the base. A column I (4) is arranged at the column III and one forth part of the column II, the upper end of the column I is connected with one end of a beam III (5) and the lower end is connected with the base, and the other end of the beam III is connected with the beam II. Both sides between the column I and the column III and the side between the column and one side between the column I and the column II are respectively connected with an iron plate (3). Therefore, the tire bead and subplate storage cart has the advantages of simple structure, convenient maintenance and non-deformable or non-sticky tire bead and is especially suitable for storing tire bead and subplate in the tire industry.


A long grain rice variety(Minghui 63) and a short grain rice variety(Chuan 7) were used to observe hull growth and cytological characteristics. The results showed that the internal parenchyma cells carry out symmetrical division in palea at the flower primordium stage. The palea cells continue dividing until the stage of pollen mother cell,ceasing sequentially from the apical to the basal parenchyma cells. Ouring pollen mother cell meiosis,palea cells start rapid elongation and reach the maximum length at the late microspore stage. The middle and basal internal parenchyma cells provide larger contribution to the total length than the apical cells. There was significant difference in total cell number between the two varieties throughout the growth stage,whereas no significant difference in cell length at the late microspore stage. The number of internal parenchyma cells of Minghui 63 was 60.98% more than that of Chuan 7,whereas the middle and basal cell lengths were only 1.81% and 8.05% longer,respectively. Thus,it is concluded the cell number is the main factor affecting the final palea length.


In this paper, a reversible data hiding scheme based on two dimensional difference histogram modification is proposed. We adopted difference-pairmapping (DPM) strategy. A sequence of pairs of difference values is calculated by taking each pixel-pair and its surroundings. Then, a two-dimensional difference-histogram is produced by counting the frequency of the resulting difference pairs. Then, according to a particularly designed DPM, a reversible data embedding (RDH) is implemented. We have presented a method of data hiding in which the average embedding capacity is inceased. Experimental results have been compared with Li et al. method and found significant increase in embedding capacity of the algorithm. Keywords—Difference pair mapping (DPM), embedding capacity (E.C.), Peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR), reversible data hiding (RDH).


We study the thermoelectric properties of devices made of two partially overlapped graphene sheets. As a consequence of the weak van der Waals interactions between graphene layers, it is shown that the phonon conductance in these junctions is strongly reduced compared to that of single graphene layer structures. In contrast, their electrical conductance is more weakly affected. We hence demonstrate that the thermoelectric figure of merit can reach values higher than 1 at room temperature in graphene materials having the advantage of offering either a bandgap or a conduction gap. We consider in particular the cases of stacks of armchair graphene nanoribbons, misoriented graphene nanoribbons and graphene nanomeshes. For the latter device, a figure of merit of 1.8 is obtained at room temperature and reaches even 3.2 at 600K. The vertical design of graphene layers thus appears as an efficient way to achieve high thermoelectric efficiency in graphene devices.


Background: Life-history theory predicts that populations experiencing different patterns of age- or size-specific mortality will evolve divergent life histories. Higher mortality can also cause indirect effects by reducing population density and increasing resources for survivors. How life histories evolve can ultimately be shaped by the interactions between the direct impact of predators on mortality, their indirect effects on resource availability, and the age specificity of these combined effects. Prior research on the killifish, Rivulus hartii, suggests differences among aquatic communities in both predation risk and resource availability but has failed to characterize the age specificity of these effects. Study organism and site: We studied Rivulus hartii in Ramdeen stream, a second-order tributary of the Arima River, on the south slope of the Northern Range Mountains in Trinidad. We used four sites near each other: in the two Rivulus-only sites, killifish were found alone; in the Rivulus/guppy site, guppies (a potential predator of juvenile Rivulus) also occurred; and in the high-predation site, Rivulus occurred with predators. Hypotheses: (1) If guppies shape the evolution of Rivulus life histories by increasing juvenile mortality rates and indirectly increasing food availability to the survivors, then juvenile mortality and growth rates should be higher when guppies are present than when they are absent. (2) If larger predators shape Rivulus life histories by selectively preying on adult Rivulus, then the added mortality associated with predators should be greater in the larger size classes. Methods: We performed mark–recapture studies on juvenile and adult Rivulus in the field (>12 mm total length), which allowed us to estimate size-specific mortality, growth rate, and density. Results: Rivulus experienced the highest mortality in the high predation site, but predation was not selectively focused on adults. Furthermore, the higher mortality was coupled with reduced population density and increased adult growth rates. In Rivulus/guppy and Rivulusonly sites, all size classes had the same survival rate. Laboratory study confirmed that adult guppies can prey upon hatchling Rivulus (<7 mm) and are restricted to preying on this size class. Lastly, juvenile Rivulus from Rivulus/guppy localities had higher growth rates than those from Rivulus-only localities, as predicted, but such an effect disappeared in the adult stage.


The tasks of studying the Moon require long-term functioning space systems. Most of the low selenocentric orbits are known to be unstable, which requires a propellant to maintain the orbital structure. For these orbits, the main disturbing factors are the off-center gravitational field of the Moon and the gravity of the Earth and the Sun. This paper analyzes the stability of low selenocentric orbits according to passive motion modeling and takes into account these main disturbing factors. We put forward a criterion for determining the stability of the orbit and used it to analyze the circular orbit of the Moon at an altitude of 100 kilometers. According to different initial data and different dates, we obtained ranges of the Moon's orbits with good stability. At the same time, we analyzed the rate of change in the longitude of the ascending node, and found a stable low lunar orbit which can operate for a long time.


Dietrich, Katheryn; Greiser, Lee The Influence of Sex on Wage-Incomes of Black, Blue-Collar Workers in Selected Nonmetropolitan and Metropolitan Areas of Texas. INSTITUTION. Texas A and M Univ., College Station. Texas Agricultural Experiment Station. SPONS AGENCY Cooperative State. Research Service (DOA), Washington, D.C. REPORT NO TAES-H-2906; USDA(CSRS)-NC-90 PUB DATE Feb 74 NOTE 19p.; Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Southern Association of Agricultural Scientists (Memphis, TennesSee, February 1974)


Background: Feeding after surgery is an important process in support of patients' nutritional requirements. Traditionally after abdominal surgery, the passage of flatus or bowel movement is considered the clinical evidence for starting an oral diet. Post-operative dysmotility predominantly affects the stomach and colon, with the small bowel recovering normal function 4-8 hours after laparotomy. Objective: To compare the effects of early versus delayed (traditional) initiation of oral intake of food and fluids after appendectomy and to demonstrate the feasibility and the economical gain of the early oral feeding after appendectomy. Materials and Methods: Randomized controlled trial comparing the effect of early versus delayed initiation of oral intake of food and fluids after appendectomy on clinically meaningful postoperative outcomes was considered. The study participants are patients of Region I Medical Center, who have had their appendectomy from May 1, 2012 to October 31, 2012. Eighty-eight patients who underwent appendectomy were randomly assigned into two groups in a consecutive manner as either the Early Oral Feeding (EOF) group or Classical Oral Feeding (COF) group. Results: There were 88 patients included in the study, 67 (76.1%) are males, 21(23.8%) are female with a ratio of 3.1:1. Forty-nine patients were (55.6%) adults and 39 (44.3%) patients were children. The data collected compared the Early Oral Feeding EOF) group vs. Classical Oral Feeding(COF) group with regards to complications and average hospital stay using chi square test and t-test. Results showed that Early/ Classical Feeding is dependent with hospital stay and is independent with complications. Conclusion: In conclusion, the results of this study indicate that early oral feeding leads to better patients' satisfaction, shorter hospital stay, and acceptable complications rates in appendectomy. Early feeding is safe and well tolerated well by many patients who underwent appendectomy.


Lots of real word problems can be motivated and modeled as spreads of epidemics through a network. Prominent examples include the spread of worms and email viruses over the Internet, the spread of disease among the population, and the spread of harmful gossip or panic in a social network. We want to protect computer networks from viruses, prevent disease spreads, and control the leakage of sensitive information and unpleasant gossip. At the same time our resources (anti-virus software, vaccination, influence) are costly and limited, so we are interested in achieving the best possible effect, while allocating the minimum possible resources. Two epidemic models are commonly used when studying the spreads of epidemics through a network, the susceptible-infected-susceptible (SIS) model and the susceptible-infected-recovered (SIR) model. The main difference between these two models is, a recovered individual can be infected again in the SIS model, but not in the SIR model which assume recovered individuals have life long immunity to the disease. And this difference makes them suitable for different kinds of problems. For instance, when studying childhood diseases which individuals can have long-lasting immunity, either naturally or from vaccination, it is more appropriate to use SIR model; when studying viruses transmitting over the Internet, often times it is more reasonable to use SIS model, since most of the viruses mutate, in which case even if a computer is cured by anti-virus software and therefore not susceptible to the original virus, it is still susceptible to a mutated virus. Within each model, quite amount of research work has been done, touching different aspects of the problems. This survey is trying to give a comprehensive overview of the research work that has been done in the spreads of epidemics, and discover open problems and further directions. The survey is going to be structured as follows. In section 1, we introduce SIR model formally, browsing different kinds of problems and techniques studied in such a model, and proposing some open problems and further directions in this line of work. In section 2, we use similar approach to introduce SIS model. In section 3, we analyze different kinds of contact graphs, since the contact graph plays an important roll in epidemic problems. Different kinds of graphs have different set of properties, which may help us get different results under SIR/SIS models. More importantly, we need to know for different problems, what kind of contact graph models the real underlying epidemic network well.


We designed a ridge filter to offer a uniform depth-dose distribution as well as to deliver high linear energy transfer along the depth of a target for 36 MeV proton beam. The designed ridge filter has a continuous crosssectional line shape of ridges so that the smooth depthdose distribution can be maintained near the distal falloff for lower proton energy than 36 MeV. The uniform dose distribution in sample-depth is formed from the sample surface to the range of 36 MeV proton in the sample. Aluminium was chosen as the material to reduce the radioactivity induced by proton irradiation. The dose distributions were simulated by a Monte Carlo simulation code, MCNPX with version 2.5.0. The ridge filter was fabricated and its performance was tested on a proton beam delivery system.


The article emphasizes that the fight against extremism and terrorism, as a complex problem, has become one of the priorities in the fight against crime for states at the global and regional levels. The level of development of legal acts in the field of countering extremism and terrorism, the severity of punishment for crimes of extremist and terrorist orientation in some countries are analyzed. It is concluded that in modern legislation of different countries, there is no single approach to the definition of the concepts of "terrorism" and "extremism", there is no uniform approach to the system and types of punishments. The proposal on the expediency of a uniform definition of the concepts: "terrorism", "terrorist", "international terrorist activity", unification of national legislation in the field of combating extremism and terrorism as a factor of international security is substantiated


The exploitation of the processes used by microorganisms to digest nutrients for their growth can be a viable method for the formation of a wide range of so called biogenic materials that have unique mechanical and physical properties that are not produced by abiotic processes. Based on grape must and bread fermentation, a bionic composite made of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and single-cell fungi, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast extract, was prepared by fermentation of such microorganisms at room temperature.


COLLABORATION | DeepCore is the low-energy subarray of the IceCube Neutrino Observatory at the South Pole, and provides sensitivity in the neutrino energy range above roughly 10 GeV, where Earth-crossing neutrinos experience oscillations. These neutrinos are muon and electron neutrinos produced in Earth's atmosphere via decays of particles from interactions between cosmic rays and the atmosphere. While tau neutrino interactions in DeepCore cannot be distinguished from those of electron neutrinos at these energies, a statistical separation of these two event classes can be made based on the reconstructed energy and zenith distribution. Therefore, tau neutrino appearance, mainly from muon neutrino to tau neutrino oscillations, can be measured with high signi(cid:12)cance using IceCube/DeepCore data. We present preliminary results of a tau neutrino appearance analysis using several years of Ice-Cube/DeepCore data.


ABSTRACT This article explores how, in English classes in secondary schools, students can perfect moral concepts such as love, honesty, and happiness. As the philosopher and novelist Iris Murdoch explains, people can perfect, or refine, moral concepts by paying attention to reality and altering their concepts in line with what is real. For Murdoch, the reading of literature is a means by which people can attend to reality and perfect moral concepts. Drawing on Murdoch's ideas, this article presents a strategy for teaching students in English classes to perfect moral concepts through reading Romeo and Juliet and other works of literature.


The critical zone is a heterogeneous system where local hotspots of activity dominate many processes but critically impact functions in other parts of the system. Here we compare weathering rates and mechanisms at hotspots in the humid, tropical Luquillo Critical Zone Observatory in Puerto Rico to watershedand regolith profile-integrated rates and the mechanisms interpreted from them. Micro-scale analysis of weathering profiles across rinds developed on the surfaces and fractures of andesitic volcaniclastic corestones embedded within thick (37+ m in some areas) regolith document dramatic mass losses and mineralogical transformations across core-rind boundaries. Although weathering rinds make up a much smaller volume of the watershed than the regolith, they represent hotspots of mass transfer. For example, ca. 40% of protolith Mg is lost over ca. 3 mm of weathering rind, reflecting significantly more and faster weathering than the final 20% of protolith Mg, which is lost over 8 m of regolith in one ridgetop profile. Furthermore, these two weathering profile types (rind and regolith) reflect different weathering mechanisms: in fractured subsurface rocks, minor sulfide and sulfate phases are associated with early weathering of silicate minerals, reflecting a weathering mechanism involving sulfuric acid, whereas carbonic acid weathers minerals in the regolith, with help from organic acids in the surficial layers. In the regolith, chlorite, plagioclase and clays weather whereas in the hotspots, pyroxenes and other minerals also contribute to weathering fluxes. Regolith formation and silicate weathering exports from the watershed are controlled by weathering at these deep critical zone hotspots. In addition to the deep hotspots signified by weathering rinds, another weathering hotspot occurs at the soil-saprolite transition in the shallow critical zone. In the LCZO, this transition (at ca. 1-2 m depth) marks a decoupling of surficial mineral nutrient cycles from deep cycles. Here fluctuating redox conditions affect secondary phases (Fe(III)-hydroxides and microcrystalline disordered clays) that are largely stable elsewere in the regolith, creating local isotopic excursions and leading to dramatic changes in the microbial community [1] and oxygen partial pressures below about 2 m depth.


Objective
To investigate the levels of trace elements in 1070 pre-conception women of Lanzhou city.

Methods
From January 2010 to October 2011, a total of 1070 cases of pre-conception women were included into this study. The content of Ca, Cu, Fe, Zn, Na, K, Mg, Pb in the blood of 1070 pre-conception women was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). The study protocol was approved by the Ethical Review Board of Investigation in Human Being of Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-care Hospital. Informed consent was obtained from each participate.

Results
Among 1070 cases of pre-conception women, the positive rate of Ca deficiency was the highest (52.90%, 566/1070), deficiency rate of Cu accounted for 22.90% (245/1070), deficiency rate of Zn accounted for 12.15% (130/1070), deficiency of Fe accounted for 7.66%(82/1070), deficiency of Na only accounted for 0.37% (4/1070), excessive Pb accounted for 7.48%(80/1070), and no deficiency of K and Mg.

Conclusions
There are the proportion deficiency of Ca, Fe, Zn, Cu and excessive Pb in pre-conception women. It is necessary to timely monitor and add trace elements pre-conception, which will avoid the incident of adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Key words:
trace element; progestational care; rational diet


Abstract On shingle beaches, changes in foreshore elevation and sediment distribution landward of the break point are produced largely by variations in the uprush and backwash of waves. However, very little is known about the forces active in this zone. A field instrument system which senses and records some of the parameters thought to influence beach erosion and deposition in this zone has been constructed. The equipment is also suitable for the investigation of a number of other shore and nearshore processes including erosion on sandy and rocky shores, and flow processes affecting littoral biological communities. In the swash zone two sensing heads, a dynamometer and a depth recorder, sense variations in uprush and backwash velocities, energies, discharges, and depths of flow. Both devices are electromechanical and are coupled to a recording unit on land by PVC‐insulated cable. The dynamometer (two force plates mounted back‐to‐back on a compression spring and coupled to variable resistances) has been c...


An ex vivo method for determining the potential of developing lytic bone disease in a multiple myeloma patient, the method comprising the step of: examining the expression level of the human homologue of Dickkopf-1 (DKK1) in a body sample ex vivo, characterized by that increased DKK1 expression compared to the normal individual indicates that the patient has the potential of developing lytic bone disease.


Background Psychiatric disorders are found to be prevalent in persons, who come in conflict with the law. Crime can be due to psychiatric illness. Many studies have found that there is a relationship between crime and mental illness. Analyzing the victim details and finding the most vulnerable group for such crimes in the society might help us to create awareness. Aim To assess the clinical profile & the physical comorbidities of remand prisoners admitted in a forensic psychiatry unit of tertiary care Centre Methodology Retrospective chart review -descriptive cross-sectional study, done in Institute of Mental health, Chennai. Convenience sampling of Remand prisoners about 18 to 80 years, admitted in forensic psychiatry unit between January 2021 to October 2021. Results 45.1% of study population is between 21 – 30 years and 96.1% were males.24.5% have comorbidity and seizure(39%) is the most common . 51% were found to be having - Schizophrenia 54.9% prior psychiatric consultation before crime. Non-family members (56.9%) are the most common victims in homicidal crimes and sharp weapons were commonly used Conclusion Analysing the clinical profile, crime, weapon used and victim would help to create awareness and formulate strategies which will helps to reduce crime.


It illustrates cityscape design by using ecological design principle, and shows that ecological design is not a luxuriance but a necessity, not a product but a process, further more a moral principle.


This report aims to identify trends, challenges and recommendations in regard of Social Interaction for Digital Cities. This foresight will help expose future themes with high innovation and busin ...


Regional cooperation is an important approach for promoting the regions to develop harmoniously. We are faced with two difficulties: one is how to overcome the obstacle of administrative district; another is how to resolve the disequilibrium of developing levels. The two difficulties are not the problems of how to make division of labor or resources allocation based comparative advantage, but of how to set up the institutional infrastructure of regional cooperation. The paper tries to probe into the institutional base of regional cooperation from the perspective of transborder governance. We propose to establish a transborder governance system in terms of EU experiences, which is an alternative path to boosting regional cooperation in China.


During the day, photovoltaic (PV) systems are exposed to different sunlight conditions in addition to partial shading (PS). Accordingly, maximum power point tracking (MPPT) techniques have become essential for PV systems to secure harvesting the maximum possible power from the PV modules. In this paper, optimized control is performed through the application of relatively newly developed optimization algorithms to PV systems under Partial Shading (PS) conditions. The initial value of the duty cycle of the boost converter is optimized for maximizing the amount of power extracted from the PV arrays. The emperor penguin optimizer (EPO) is proposed not only to optimize the initial setting of duty cycle but to tune the gains of controllers used for the boost converter and the grid-connected inverter of the PV system. In addition, the performance of the proposed system based on the EPO algorithm is compared with another newly developed optimization technique based on the cuttlefish algorithm (CFA). Moreover, particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is used as a reference algorithm to compare results with both EPO and CFA. PSO is chosen since it is an old, well-tested, and effective algorithm. For the evaluation of performance of the proposed PV system using the proposed algorithms under different PS conditions, results are recorded and introduced.


ABSTRACT This scoping review followed Cochrane guidelines to comprehensively assess the use and understanding of Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) in Chinese social science literature. We conducted a research across three electronic databases and three major social science journals for the studies published between 2004 and 2016. Chinese social work literature demonstrates a precise understanding of EBP defined as a process, but it lacks comprehensive discussions about EBP that extend beyond basic principles and process definitions. We identified language barriers and developmental issues for social work in China that contribute to these incomplete discussions. We examined the importance of broadening and enriching the discussions around EBP, especially for Chinese educators, researchers, and clinicians involved with empirically supported treatments. We also consider the implications of our findings for the development of social work in China.


Genes involved in metabolic pathways contributing to hormone-induced muscle hypertrophy are possible markers that can be used to select for increased muscle growth. Phosphofructokinase muscle-type, transcription factor dp-two, and huntingtin-interacting protein are three candidate genes which are known to be involved in metabolic pathways controlling energy metabolism and the cell cycle. The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of testosterone on the mRNA abundance from these three genes in splenius and semitendinosus muscles in rams and wethers at four different age points. Analysis of gene expression showed no differences in mRNA abundance between semitendinosus and splenius muscles in both rams and wethers at four different age groups for the three genes analyzed. Further expression analysis is needed to determine the contribution of other candidate genes to controlling hypertrophy in sexually dimorphic muscles.


The paper starts with a short survey of the treatment of initial-boundary-value problems in temperature-free linear elasticity with unisotropic media. The main part of the paper is concerned with exterior initial-boundary-value problems in thermoelasticity. In this case the underlying differential operator A is no longer selfadjoint. Thus the spectrum of A has to be discussed. In 2.1 it is shown that all λ with Re λ < 0 belong to the resolvent set. In 2.2 the case G = R3 with homogeneous isotropic media is considered. Let Λ be the essential spectrum in this case. In 2.3 Λ depending on the thermic coupling parameter is discussed. 2.4 treats the spectrum of A assuming the medium to be homogeneous and isotrop outside a large ball. In this case Λ is the essential spectrum for A too. Radiation conditions are formulated. Finally 2.5 presents a short treatment of the time dependent case with Laplace-transformation.


In this letter, we propose a UAV-enabled two-way relaying system where a UAV relay assists the information exchange among multiple pairs of ground users (GUs). We formulate a mixed integer non-convex programming to maximize the minimum average rate of GUs by jointly optimizing transmission scheduling parameters, transmission powers of UAV and GUs, as well as UAV trajectory. The Branch-and-Bound method and the successive convex approximation technique are adopted to solve the non-convex uplink and downlink transmission scheduling and UAV trajectory optimization, respectively. Then, an iterative algorithm is proposed to solve the joint optimization problem by adopting block coordinate descent method. Numerical results show that the proposed joint UAV trajectory communication design method could outperform other benchmark algorithms.


In his budget speech this February, Finance Minister Pravin Gordhan announced that a carbon tax will be introduced in South Africa from January 1, 2015. It is a move that has seen angry big business lash out, arguing that the proposed tax would raise the costs of doing business in South Africa and stunt economic growth.


Panoramic view from the sea of Wellington a year after settlement by Pakeha, showing Lambton Quay, with Durie and Co, Grocer's Academy, Waters and Smith, William Lyon, Mechanics Institute, Allan's Stores, The Wakefield Club, Durham Arms, H. T. Hill Esq. J. P., T. & S. Cook's stores, the Public Library and Barrett's Hotel (in Thorndon Quay). The file print of this section also shows Colonel William Wakefield's house and Hay & Co's Stores and dwelling.
Quantity: 1 b&w art print(s).
Physical Description: Lithograph, black and white 194 x 734 mm (whole section)


This article reports the results of a descriptive study of the speed with which foster children are returned home before and after welfare reform. The study relies on administrative data, has a prospective multiple‐cohort design, and includes a sample of 903 children. Event history analysis identifies several factors that are associated with reunification speed. The analysis shows that mothers' incomes have a greater effect on the speed of reunification after welfare reform than before.


Indonesia is a tropical country with a high level of infectious disease.. One of the bacteria that often infects and causes diarrhea is Escherichia coli. E. coli infection can cause food poisoning and indigestion. Infectious diseases caused by bacteria can be treated by taking antibiotics. However, excessive and inappropriate use of antibiotics can lead to bacterial resistance.Binjai (Mangifera caesia) containing components of polyphenolic compounds such as mangiferin, catechins and epicatechins with bioactivity as antibacterial. The potency of the plant extract needs to be increased as a natural antibacterial to facilitate its absorption with nanoemulsion formulation. Research methods include the manufacture of extracts with ethanol solvent maceration method. Next will be nanoemulsion formulation, measurement of nanoemulsion size by PSA analysis, and determination of antibacterial in vitro. Binjai leaf (Mangifera caesia) extract nanoemulsion formulation obtained stable nanoemulsion. The droplet size obtained is below 200 nm. Inhibition of nanoemulsion on growth of E. coli, it was found that the inhibitory power of nanoemulsion was still less than the inhibitory power of binjai leaf extract. This is because in the nanoemulsion the concentration of the extract is only 5 m and 25 mg.


An abnormal discharge process after a return stroke (RS) in a negative cloud‐to‐ground flash was studied in detail. Correlating high‐speed video images and electric field data, it was found that the abnormal discharge process was initiated at ground and transported positive charge from ground toward cloud. Moreover, there was a long continuing current (CC) initiated by the abnormal upward discharge process. Compared with the characteristics of RSs, CCs and M components, we conclude that the upward discharge process is a kind of upward positive leader. The 3‐D speeds of the positive leader range from 3.72 × 106 m/s to 14.48 × 106 m/s with average value of 6.5 × 106 m/s. As far as we know, it is the first report that a long CC follows the upward positive leader after RS, which is obviously different from traditional CCs. The discovery is helpful to gain a deeper understanding of the mechanism and physical process of negative cloud‐to‐ground flashes.


Abstract : A new approach is presented to forecasting the Kennedy Space Center's primary weather challenge, lightning. After examining the first years worth of integrated precipitable water data derived from Global Positioning System (GPS) and surface stations, two periods were chosen to develop a GPS lightning prediction model. Statistical regression methods were used to identify predictors that added skill in forecasting a lightning event. Four predictors proved important in forecasting lightning events; maximum electric field mill values, GPS Integrated Precipitable Water (IPW), nine hour change (V9 - hr) in IPW, and K index. Using the coefficients for these predictors along with a logistic regression equation, a running time series was plotted for the predictand. A common pattern emerged several hours prior to a lightning event. Whenever the predictand log value was 0.7 or below, lightning occurred within the next 12.5 hours. Lightning events were predicted using a logistic threshold value of 0.7 and forecasting time constraints based on the Kennedy Space Center (KSC) criteria. Forecast verification results obtained by using a contingency table revealed a 26.2% decrease from the Cape's previous season false alarm rates for a non-independent period, and a 13.2% decrease in false alarm rates for an independent test season using the GPS lightning model. Additionally, the model improved the KSC's desired lead-time by nearly 10%. Although a lightning strike window of 12 hours is quit lengthy, forecasters will now have an additional forecasting tool that can be implemented in their lightning forecast process. Once the value of the GPS lightning model has been confirmed using data from the 2000 season, it is anticipated that the model will enhance mission readiness and save valuable time and dollars by helping forecasters anticipate and improve forecast lightning events at the KSC.


Molecular interactions can be discovered and characterized when the stationary phase is constructed around one of the components of a binding event.


Certificate of voter registration for John Patterson Osterhout in Austin county. Chief Justice of Austin county, C. B. Oney, testified that John fulfilled the oath of amnesty and John Campbell, county clerk, attested to the registration.


System and method for manufacturing an electrical circuit. In this system and method, a digital control images (46), it I (44) is generated to be unevenly change the display of the electrical circuit (40), the substrate (12) using the digital control images (46) electrical circuit pattern to be recorded (72), corresponds exactly to the electric circuit portion already formed (62).


two opposing sides and each side allowed its own say in the matter. extended analyses of "after the Pleasure Party" and "Pebbles" illustrate how ambiguity is achieved and Melville's belief in poetry's power to solve the problem of loss is turned into poetry. designed as an instructional text as much as a critical one, Three American Poets offers relevant brief backgrounds, further readings, and a glossary. readers are strongly advised when using the work to have on hand the collections cited by spengemann in his preface.


Presentation A 5-year-old boy presented to A&E after a motor vehicle accident in which he was an unrestrained passenger. He was found to have quadriparesis, with the following images of the cranio-cervical junction (CCJ) obtained on admission. Trauma imaging of the cranio-cervical junction S K Misser, MB ChB, FC RAD (D) SA T Z Mngoma, MBA, MB ChB, FFRAD (SA) Lake Smit and Partners, Durban M Roux, MB ChB, FCS (SA) Entabeni Hospital, Durban Corresponding author: Shalen Misser (email@example.com)


This article evaluates the premise of demand adherence to normal distribution in inventory management models, showing that this can lead to significant distortions, mainly to stock control of very low and low consumption items. The article thus proposes a framework to help managers determine the best stock policy to be adopted given product demand characteristics. The article also presents the use of such a framework in a case study, in an attempt to illustrate the benefits of adopting probability density functions that are more adequate to product demand characteristics, in terms of total costs of stocks.


The purpose of this research is to predict VOCs emission rates from multi-layers materials, which are composed of single-layer materials having various VOCs emission rates, by using effective diffusion coefficients of the single-layer materials. Cup method was used for measuring effective diffusion coefficients of three VOCs, such as toluene, ethylbenzene and decane, in seven single-layer materials and two multi-layer materials. The effective diffusion coefficients of three VOCs are estimated from 0.3?10?¹² to 697.8?10?¹²[㎡/sec], and they are decreased according to molecular weight of the diffused compounds in the single-layer materials. Resistance values, [sec/m] of mass transfer rate of the multi-layer materials, which are calculated from the analogy of mass transfer rate and electric charge, show good fit for the measured values from the cup method. From the simulation and the measurements, it is found that TVOCs emission rates from multi-layer materials can be predicted using the effective diffusion coefficients and initial concentrations of each single-layer materials through numerical methods.


A method for fastening wooden construction parts such as battens, panels or the like., At intervals of a concrete wall or walls, whereby a equipped with head adjustment screw which existing below the head with one of a plurality of spaced retaining projections Bettungsbereich is provided in pre-drilled holes is screwed in the wooden construction part and the concrete or masonry and the desired distance by unscrewing of the threaded shank of the adjusting screw is obtained from the concrete or masonry while immobility of Bettungsbereichs in the wooden construction part in the axial direction of the adjusting screw, characterized in that the pre-drilling of the wooden construction part (2) and of the concrete or masonry, having a bore diameter which corresponds approximately to the shaft diameter of the adjustment screw (5) is carried out in a single operation, and that the screwing of the threaded shaft (5) of the adjusting screw (3) self-tapping drastically in the concrete ode r the masonry without the use of an anchor to support the inside of the head (10) of the adjustment screw (5) on the outside of the wooden construction part (2) takes place, so that the ...


We discuss philosophical and ethical issues that arise from a dialogue system intended to portray a real person, using recordings of the person together with a machine agent that selects recordings during a synchronous conversation with a user. System output may count as actions of the speaker if the speaker intends to communicate with users and the outputs represent what the speaker would have chosen to say in context; in such cases the system can justifiably be said to be holding a conversation that is offset in time. The autonomous agent may at times misrepresent the speaker's intentions, and such failures are analogous to good-faith misunderstandings. The user may or may not need to be informed that the speaker is not organically present, depending on the application.