Humanitarian discourses emphasize that displacement results in disruptions to family structures. This article challenges simplistic descriptions of change during displacement, highlighting the powerful role of the family in Middle Eastern societies through an anthropological exploration of social relations among Syrian refugees in Jordan. It contributes to academic analysis on social relations among refugees by presenting a more mixed picture of social dynamics within and outside the family—both before conflict and during displacement. It explores how the hold of the family among Syrians may limit social interactions with 'outsiders' during displacement, as well as how displacement may offer opportunities for tighter social regulations to be unravelled. These findings highlight that social relations among refugees must be analysed more carefully, and with consideration of intersectional power dynamics.


Digital watermarking is a simple and effective way to provide copyright protection. This paper proposes a robust and blind watermarking scheme for static images. It utilizes discrete wavelet transform and applies three coding methods according to the different characteristics of band coefficients: lattice code based on the communication principle, modification of insignificant coefficients based on the just-noticeable distortion of the human visual model, and quantization index modulation based on singular value decomposition. Together, these methods embed a watermark while maintaining image fidelity. The experimental results prove that the proposed method is robust against frequency-based and time domain geometric attacks.


This paper presents a upward looking bi-static, synthetic aperture radar (SAR) instrument optimized for long-term, non-invasive, remote snowpack monitoring in polar areas. Single-chip radar SoC facilitate a power-efficient implementation potentially operating on battery/solar power. To show the feasibility of detecting and accurately measuring the density and thickness of snow layers a controlled experiment using phantom materials was conducted. The permittivity, which is proportional to the equivalent snow density and the layer thickness was accurately estimated indicating excellent performance using SAR.


This paper is a preliminary comparative analysis of three polity-seeking nationalisms that emerged in the contiguous peripheral areas – the overlapping 'spheres of influence' of three contending imperial centres: Taiwan, Okinawa and Hong Kong. Specifically, it examines and compares the pattern of nation-formation and the form, ideology and politics of nationalism in each case, and in doing so it tries to suggest a possible explanatory framework for the rise of these nationalisms. Its tentative conclusion is that the rise of nationalism in Taiwan, Okinawa and Hong Kong should be understood as a macro-historical sociological phenomenon caused by both the short-term penetration from centralizing colonial and geopolitical centre(s) that triggered nationalist mobilization in the periphery and the long-term process of peripheral nation-formation that created the social basis for mobilization. The three cases also demonstrate some other traits of anti-centre peripheral nationalism: they all adopted a similar ideological strategy of indigeneity, and all developed a differentiation between radical and pragmatic lines characteristic of minority or peripheral nationalisms. A final observation is that while the geopolitics of states in the region is powerfully shaping the development of the three nationalisms, interactions on the societal level may over time create a counterforce from below.


1. Jenike MA: Psychosis, violence, and behavioral problems in later life, in Geriatric Psychiatry and Psychopharmacology: A Clinical Approach. Year Book, Chicago, IL, 1989, pp 203-247. 2. Kahn NA: Clozapine for psychosis in Parkinson's patients. Clin Adv Treat Psychiatr Disord 1990;4:12-16. 3. Cummings JL, Miller BL, Hill M, et al: Neuropsychiatric aspects of multi-infarct dementia and dementia of the Alzheimer type. Arch Neurol 1987;44:389-383. 4. Fonda D: Parkinson's disease in the elderly: Psychiatric manifestations. Geriatrics 1985;40:109-114. 5. Friedman JH, Lannon MC: Clozapine in the treatment of psychosis in Parkinson's disease. Neurology 1989;39:1219-1221. 6. Wolters EC, Hurwitz TA, Peppard RF, et al: Clozapine: An antipsychotic agent in Parkinson's disease. Clin Neuropharmacol 1989;12:83-90. 7. Wolters EC, Hurwitz TA, Teal P, et al: Clozapine in the treatment of parkinsonian patients with dopaminomimetic psychosis. Neurology 1990;40:832-834.


Grid connected inverter controllers require the magnitude and phase of the point of common coupling voltage for the generation of unit vectors from a phase locked loop. However, weak grid conditions or grid voltage sensor failures might substantially increase control difficulty in the inverter due to unknown grid impedance which causes instability in the phase locked loop. In this paper, an internal model based grid voltage estimation architecture has been presented. The proposed control architecture relies on the current measurements along with nominal values of filter parameters for the point of common coupling voltage estimation and unit vector generation. Detailed stiffness and robustness analyses are presented to show that the proposed control and estimation architecture is nearly insensitive to parameter variations. In comparison to conventional current control with both voltage and current sensors, the proposed current control scheme provides better transient response during both ideal and non-ideal grid voltage conditions. Experimental results on a reduced scale laboratory prototype validate the efficacy of the proposed architecture.


Industrial activity requires the production and the use of dangerous goods in the chemical plants. It also requires their transport between these installations. These products induce risks on the plants sites, but also between them, because of their transport while passing by the temporary storage sites and the loading and unloading activities. This report presents a review of regulations applicable to storage, handling, and transportation of dangerous goods in Quebec. These various laws/regulations will force the logistic choices of the companies which produce, use or transport dangerous goods (for example, obligation of a transport mode for particular dangerous goods, threshold quantity imposed for storage, obligation to transport, etc ). Thus, in the first part, we analyzed the regulations concerning public safety, environment, transport and work safety and security. We also flew over the American regulations taking into account the proximity of Canada with this country and the importance of north-south transport flow. In the second part of this report, we were more interested to explain the possible similarities, disparities and contradictions between each analyzed regulation. The complete version of this publication is confidential. NOTE This research was carried out within the framework of the research project GLOBAL. The objective of the GLOBAL research project set up by INERIS (National Institute of the Industrial Environment and the Risks) in France is to develop a methodology to evaluate the risk of storage and transportation of dangerous goods. Actually, industrial activity requires the production and the use of dangerous goods in the chemical plants. It also requires their transport between these installations. These products induce risks on the plants sites, but also between them, because of their transport. Today, regulations constrain on one hand chemical plants to minimise their risks and on the other hand the transport of dangerous goods. This is in this context that the present GLOBAL project will examine how the logistic strategies of the industrialists can influence the risks due to the transport of dangerous goods. For example, by minimising the quantities stored in the fixed installations, does one increase the risks due to transport and in this case, up to what extent? Thus the main objectives of the research are: first to examine new risks assessments methods in order top provide harmonised quantification of the chemical risks and to propose possible policies for the global decrease of risks. The collaboration of the CIRANO and the Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal to the GLOBAL project consist, on the one hand, of several operations performed jointly with INERIS (our team taking care of the application in Quebec of these operations): Description of the activities of storage and transportation of dangerous goods (meetings with actors of the logistics chain of dangerous goods + survey by questionnaires) (operation A). Review of regulations applicable to the storage and transportation of dangerous goods (operation B); Review of existing databases on the accidents implicating dangerous goods (operation C); In addition, our team will work on the two following research themes: Economic evaluation of the costs of the transport of dangerous goods Analysis of the logistic strategies in a context of storage and transport of dangerous goods and economic incentive. It consist actually in trying to understand which are the costs associated with transport of dangerous goods and on the other hand understand the arbitration made by facilities in their logistic strategies, for example, transport versus storage but also in the choices of carriers, choice of itineraries, choice of transport mode, . We would like to measure the economic cost of the transport of the dangerous goods, to know the factors which influence the logistic choices (for example, necessary training of the workers, working conditions, history of accidents, comparison of the amount of CSST premium, reputation of the carriers, etc.) and to evaluate if the fact of having a total knowledge of the risk (storage and transport) and of its potential impacts would modify the global decisions. The purpose is to study a few cases which might induce a transfer of risk from the fixed installations towards freight vehicles of dangerous goods, for example by decreasing the quantity stored in the fixed installations and by increasing the quantity stored temporarily in the bulks. It will consist in understanding the mechanisms of the transfer, judging their interest and their disadvantages, finding means of avoiding them if the disadvantages are significant, and then considering solutions of global management of the dangerous goods. This report presents the operation B of the GLOBAL project, i.e. Review of regulations applicable to storage, handling, and transportation of dangerous goods in Quebec (regulations concerning public safety, environment, transport and work safety and security). L'activite industrielle necessite la production et l'emploi de matieres dangereuses mais aussi le transport de celles-ci entre les installations fixes. Ces matieres representent donc des risques sur les sites industriels mais egalement entre ces sites du fait de leur transport en passant par les installations de stockage temporaire et les activites de chargement et de dechargement. Ce rapport dresse un etat des lieux des reglementations qui s'appliquent au stockage, a la manipulation et au transport de matieres dangereuses au Quebec. Ces differentes lois/reglementations vont contraindre les choix logistiques des entreprises qui produisent, utilisent ou transportent des matieres dangereuses (par exemple, obligation d'un mode de transport pour certaines matieres dangereuses, quantite seuil imposee pour le stockage, obligation de transporter, etc ). Ainsi, dans un premier temps, nous avons analyse les reglementations touchant la Securite Publique, l'Environnement, le Transport et la Sante Securite au Travail. Nous avons survole egalement les reglementations americaines compte tenu de la proximite du Canada avec ce pays et surtout de l'importance des flux de transport Nord/Sud. Dans un second temps, nous nous sommes interesses davantage a expliquer les eventuelles concordances, disparites et contradictions entre chacune des reglementations analysees.) La version complete de ce rapport est confidentielle. NOTE Cette recherche a ete effectuee dans le cadre du projet de recherche GLOBAL. L'objectif du projet de recherche « GLOBAL » mis en place par l'INERIS (Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques) en France est de developper une methodologie d'evaluation des risques permettant de prendre en compte globalement les risques lies au stockage et au transport des marchandises dangereuses. Cette methode devrait permettre d'evaluer les effets des mesures prises en tenant compte des effets induits eventuels. Elle permettra aussi de donner une base plus objective aux decisions publiques en matiere de maitrise des risques technologiques (mesure de l'impact et des effets d'une reglementation existante, mise en place d'une nouvelle reglementation, « coordination » des reglementations existantes sous differents ministeres par exemple, Securite Publique, Transport, Sante, Environnement). La collaboration du CIRANO et de l'Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal au projet « GLOBAL » de l'INERIS porte d'une part sur plusieurs operations effectuees conjointement (notre equipe se chargeant de l'application quebecoise de ces operations) : Description des activites de stockage et de transport des matieres dangereuses (rencontres des acteurs de la chaine logistique de MD + enquete par questionnaires) (operation A); Revue des reglementations applicables au stockage et transport des matieres dangereuses (operation B); Revue des bases de donnees existantes sur les accidents impliquant des matieres dangereuses (operation C). D'autre part, notre equipe se chargera des deux volets de recherche suivants : Evaluation economique des couts du transport de matieres dangereuses; Analyse des strategies logistiques dans un contexte de stockage et de transport de matieres dangereuses et incitations economiques. D'une maniere generale, il s'agira d'essayer de comprendre quels sont les couts associes au transport de matieres dangereuses et l'arbitrage fait par les entreprises dans leurs choix de strategies logistiques, d'une part transport versus stockage mais aussi dans les choix des transporteurs, choix des itineraires, choix du mode de transport,.... Nous allons chercher a savoir comment mesurer le cout economique du transport des produits dangereux et identifier quels sont les facteurs qui influencent les choix logistiques et si le fait d'avoir une connaissance globale du risque (stockage et transport) et de ses impacts potentiels modifierait les decisions. Cette analyse economique des strategies logistiques des entreprises (contraintes et choix) devrait permettre de mettre en evidence les incitatifs (par le biais ou non de la reglementation) qui permettraient l'atteinte d'un optimum global (cout et risque minimises). Ce rapport presente l'operation B du projet GLOBAL, c'est-a-dire la revue des reglementations applicables au stockage et au transport des matieres dangereuses au Quebec (reglementations touchant la Securite Publique, l'Environnement, le Transport et la Sante-Securite au Travail).


My thesis explores the implications of the references to President Ronald Reagan in the 2015-2016 Republican presidential primary debates. I conducted a rhetorical analysis of the references to Reagan throughout these debates, while also considering their relation to public and collective memory theory. In order to analyze the different ways in which Reagan was mentioned, I divided the analysis into the undercard debates, mainstage debates, and the mainstage debate that occurred at the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library in Simi Valley, California. In the undercard debates, candidates often utilized attention-grabbing strategies in order to aid their chances of moving up to the mainstage debates. The mainstage candidates referenced Reagan to support different goals than the undercard candidates, often focusing on policy rather than personal qualities. In the Simi Valley debate, or "Reagan debate," the candidates were inspired by the location at the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library, and competed to claim Reagan's legacy. Through my analysis, I discovered that the candidates referenced Reagan in order to support a wide range of ideologies and goals. Therefore, due to the prevalence and centrality of references to Reagan in the 2015-2016 GOP presidential primary debates, and the way in which his name was utilized to support candidates' arguments, I concluded that Reagan's legacy had affected and will likely continue to affect the communication of the modern Republican Party in primary debates, which scholars, candidates, and campaign teams would benefit greatly by systematically analyzing and exploring. "So How Reaganesque Exactly Are These Republicans?"


This paper presents some preliminary findings from a research study by the OECD Development Centre into the treatment of subsistence activities in national accounts. It summarizes the results of a questionnaire on country practices, and reports on the findings with respect to shares of non‐monetary production in GDP, methods of estimation, and usefulness of the resulting estimates. Among the 48 developing countries covered, the share of non‐monetary value added in total GDP ranges from over 40 percent for the poorer countries of Africa to 5 percent or less for the more advanced countries of Latin America and Southern Europe. In countries where rural living standards are much below those in urban areas, non‐monetary activities may be very important to the well‐being of a large number of people, even though they form only a small part of GDP, and it is still important to make realistic estimates for subsistence output. Agriculture is obviously the main item in non‐monetary production, accounting often for over 80 percent of the total. Most countries use some kind of "producers' prices" for valuing agricultural output. Few countries now publish separate figures for non—monetary activities. For many countries, doing so would involve a considerable amount of extra work, but for a number of planning purposes it does seem important to distinguish subsistence activities separately.


We decompose labor productivity growth into components attributable to technological change, technological catch-up, foreign capital deepening, domestic capital deepening, and human capital accumulation, thus separating the effects of foreign and domestic capital deepening on productivity growth and convergence. We apply nonparametric production-frontier methods to a worldwide 1980-2005 panel and find that (1) foreign capital accumulation, together with human capital accumulation, is the driving force for productivity growth and increasing international dispersion of productivity, (2) technological change is decidedly nonneutral, with most technological advancement taking place in foreign-capital-intensive countries, and (3) international polarization is brought about primarily by efficiency changes.


Epidemiologists are concerned with why populations differ with regard to disease risk, and why the incidence, prevalence and mortality of diseases change by time and place. The relationship between incidence, prevalence and disease duration is described by a drawing (Fig. 1) of a lake (prevalence) with one incoming river (incidence) and two outlets (termination of disease, death or healthy). The incidence is determined by the existence and occurrence of causal factors in the population as well as our ability to detect the disease (diagnostic sensitivity), whereas the prevalence is a function of both the incidence and the duration of the disease. The longer the duration the higher the prevalence. This relationship implies that any change in our ability to save new patients with coronary syndromes from dying in the acute phase will inevitably increase the number of subjects in the population needing follow-up and post hospital treatment. The prevalence of patients with heart disease increases. Similarly when our diagnostic procedures get more sensitive, the incidence of the disease will increase, and thereby also admissions for the disorder. This complex relationship is only rarely described but Ž ndings from the WHO MONICA (MONItoring trends and determinants in CArdiovascular disease) Project, and a Norwegian report on the dynamic trends in coronary risk will be discussed to assess some of these issues (1, 2). In epidemiological terms, the following questions will be addressed:


Purpose : The purpose of this study was to demonstrate by functional MRI (fM RI) the location of the primary motor cortex in patients with schizencephaly Materials and Methods : fM RI was performed in four patients with schizencep haly who complained of seizures; three were right handed and one was ambidex trous. Associated lesions were agenesis of the corpus callosum in one patient and absence of the septum pellucidum in anothe r. fM RI employed the single sliced FLASH BOLD technique using a 1. 5-T MR imager with a standard head coi l, and was obtained in the axial plane. Thirty consecutive images were obtained on finger movements of each hand were obtained ; the motor task consisted ofrepeti tive finger to thumb opposition. Percentage change in primary motor cortex signal intensity was calculated , and ipsilateral activation index was compared between the affected and unaffected hemispheres. Results : Percentage change in signal intensity increase in the activated area of the unaffected hemisphere ranged from 4.8 % :t 0.9 % to 9.2 :t 1.2 % (mean : 5.6 % :t 1. 5 %) of the baseline value. The ipsilateral activation index of the affected hemisphere was 0 - 0.38 and that of the unaffected hemisphere was 15 .4 ∞ ; in patients with schizencephaly significantly different{p < 0.01). Conclusion : Our results suggest that increased activation in the unaffected hemisphere reflect functional reorganization ofthe primary motor cortex.


917 © 2000 The Analytic Press, Inc.  I am grateful to James W. Jones, Ph.D., Psy.D. and Gary R. Sattler, Dr. theol., Psy.D., who offered insightful comments on an earlier version of this reply. APPRECIATE THE THOUGHTFUL AND DIFFERING COMMENTARIES BY DRS. Bass, Druck, and Eisold. The points on which they differ can be Iviewed as helpful examples of the various ways that nearly all analysts will likely respond to the issues I raise about structuring our associations to facilitate psychoanalytic education. Because the argument in my essay progressed across three points (the idealization of science, imagining institutes as religious denominations, structuring psychoanalytic education), I return to each of these now as a way to continue the dialogue that the commentaries invite.


In this paper, we propose a timing synchronization method for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems by exploiting the averaged differential correlations of preamble symbol. For the designed simple preamble whose second half-symbol is the complex conjugate of the first one in the time-domain, the proposed timing synchronization method has an impulse-shaped timing metric. Simulation results indicate that the proposed method improves the timing estimate mean square errors (MSE) performance remarkably than conventional methods at low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in multipath fading channel. To reduce the computation complexity of the proposed method, we suggest modifying the timing estimation by simplifying the amplitude information of OFDM signals in polar coordinates.


From the angle of the new rural society endowment insurance,summarizes Jiangyou City′s situations in the policy,organization,providing standard and so on during pilot,which is a post-disaster reconstruction city,and reveals the problems existing in new rural society endowment insurance pilot in Jiangyou City,as well as analyzes their causes.According to the actual situation of Jiangyou City puts forward the countermeasure suggestion to perfect new rural society endowment insurance.


Megalencephalic leukodystrophy with subcortical cysts is a type of demyelinating leukodystrophy caused by mutations in MLC1 gene. Studies in MLC are scare and the few published are limited in either sample size or methods of molecular diagnosis In silico analysis of SNPs in a well-known disease causing gene is a valuable method of analyzing known variants deposited in public databases. This article aimed to analyze all SNPs in MLC1 gene in order to determine probable disease causing variants that are not yet been evaluated SNPs in MLC1 gene were retrieved from NCBI dbSNP. Variants in VCF format were analyzed using Variant Effect Predictor [VEP] of the Ensembl database. The deleterious coding ns SNPs were evaluated by the web programs SIFT, PolyPhen and Mutation Taster in addition to allele frequency and conservation score. Structural analysis was performed in order to evaluate and compare the stability of native and mutant structures. The effect of amino acid changes on the stability of MLC protein was evaluated using I-Mutant 2.0 web server. In MLC1 gene, 4 analyzed SNPs resulted nonsense, 18 are indels [frame shift mutations] and 10 potentially disrupt splicing. Six variants in MLC1 gene were predicted to be pathogenic. The results of our study will facilitate future studies aimed to analyze the genetics of MLC in different families from different populations.


THE sixtlh and seventlh decades of life constitute a period whicll lias certain marked clharacteristics. The age of 45, which Dante fixed as tlle end of thte period of youtlh, miglht lhave been talken as thle lower limiit, but that would involve in most womeen the inclusion of the climacteric, wlhichl I tlhouglht it better to avoid. Maniy nervous diseases run a very long course, and we slhould tllerefore expect to find that the nervous affections of this period will be inade up of some wlich began at an earlier age, and of otlhers, fewer in number, -whose incidence is entirely contained witllin it. I do not propose to include miental affections.


The article provides guidelines on calculation of the cast-in-place reinforced concrete thermal treatment modes: the problem of thermal treatment mode by setting the mathematical temperature field model in the hardening concrete has been solved; model equation which allows calculating the temperature field in the hardening concrete structure using computer software has been solved numerically. One of the most pressing social problems in the world is the problem of housing for citizens, towards whom the state has obligations in accordance with applicable law. Currently, the most efficient way to solve this problem directly is a mechanism of provision of housing at the expense of state funds. Successful completion of such programs is also achieved due to the formation of an affordable economy class housing market that meets the requirements of energy efficiency and environmental friendliness. In turn, the energy efficiency criterion is achieved by rational choice of technology and organization of construction operations. An important criterion for energy efficiency of cast reinforced concrete technology utilization is the rational temperature condition of concrete hardening.


I saw him, for the first time, about 6 o'clock in the morning, lie was then lying on the back, expression of face haggard; , skin cold and clammy; respiration hurried and laboured ; lips livid; pulse small, quick, and very frequent; thirst intense; vomited continually after drinking water ; complained of pain in region of bladder, which he ascribed to retention, saying i that he "could not pass his water;" introduced catheter, only a few drops of clear urine passed, but still he suffered


Localization using HMM to obtain better location estimation using various movement models is discussed in chapter 3. It is found that the HMM requires lengthier state sequence to obtain location estimation. This problem is overcome by using optimized location accuracy, detailed in chapter 5. But HMM has the limitation that the state duration probability has single observation and is independent of time.


Simplified test procedures were developed to provide reliable comparative data for evaluation of flexible delineator posts. Current commercial designs were tested. Tests included shear, flexure, tension and impact at ambient and low temperature and before and after ultraviolet exposure. It is concluded that the simplified tests can be used in conjunction with field performance data to evaluate performance of new designs/materials. The report includes Appendix A - Text Plan bound with the body of the report, and Appendix B - Test Data and Appendix C - Photographic Coverage which are separately bound. (Author)


Reviews eight books: Electromagnetic Shielding (K.L. Kaiser; 2006); Signal Processing of Power Quality Disturbances (M. Bollen and I. Gu; 2006); Electrical Resistivity Handbook (1992); Carbon Nanotubes -- Properties and Applications (M.J. O'Connell; 2006); Practical Analog and Digital Filter Design (L. Thede; 2005); One Foot Out the Door (J.M. Bardwick; 2007); Impulse Breakdown of Liquids (V.Y. Ushakov et al.; 2007); and Plasma Spectroscopy (T. Fujimoto; 2004).


More than half of the rail freight traffic in many European countries originates at private sidings. Infrastructure is expensive, but grant programmes in Switzerland, Austria and Germany have proved a cost-effective use of public money. This article discusses some funding issues, some problems with the grant programmes, and freight policy.


Proximate composition, cholesterol (CHOL) and () content of seventy-two species of fish muscle (sea water fish, 59 species; fresh water fish, 13 species), which caught off Tongyeong coast of the Southern Sea ( Nam-Hae) and caught Kyeongho river, Sancheong, Korea, were determined. Lipid content was ranked from to and was high in the following order; mid-surface dwelling and migratory fish () > fresh water fish () > coastal and reep dwelling fish () > demersal fish (). There was a negative correlation between the lipid and moisture content in all fish groups (p in all fish group, and no correlation was between the protein and moisture content in all but the demersal fish, which there was a negative correlation between both contents. Ash content was almost constant in all fish, accounting for , Cholesterol (CHOL) content was shown a great difference according to the fish species from 6.7 mg/100 g muscle (grass fish) to 249 mg/100 g (eel) and there was a positive correlation between the lipid and CHOL content. content was less than 3 mg/100 g muscle in all fish, except that of eel (4.1 mg/100 g) and was relatively rich in the fish species contained a large amount of lipid.


A 62-year-old female with hepatitis C and decompensated cirrhosis received oral sofosbuvir 400 mg and daclatasvir 60 mg once daily. She developed edema of lower extremities about 18 weeks after beginning antiviral drugs. Two weeks later, the patient developed edema of face. Laboratory tests revealed the following results: serum creatinine 91 μmol/L, eGFR 54 ml/(min·1.73 m2), serum β2 microglobulin 4.42 mg/L, 24-hour urine protein 0.394 g. She received treatments including diuretic and liver protection. Sofosbuvir and daclatasvir was continued at the same dose as before. Eight days later, the edema of the face and lower extremities were further aggravated with decreased urine volume. Serum creatinine increased to 124 μmol/L, eGFR decreased to 37 ml/(min·1.73 m2), and serum β2 microglobulin was 5.06 mg/L. She received an IV infusions of human albumin. Two weeks later, the serum creatinine increased to 220 μmol/L, eGFR decreased to 19 ml/(min·1.73 m2), and 24-hour urine protein was 0.417 g. Acute kidney injury was diagnosed. Sofosbuvir and daclatasvir were withdrawn. An IV infusion of terlipressin 1 mg twice daily was given. After 3 days of discontinuation of sofosbuvir and daclatasvir, the edema of face was basically subsided, edema of lower extremities significantly subsided, serum creatinine decreased to 97 μmol/L, eGFR increased to 50 ml/(min·1.73 m2), and 24-hour urine protein was 0.398 g. After 8 weeks, the edema of lower extremities disappeared completely, serum creatinine was 64 μmol/L and eGFR was 85 ml/(min·1.73 m2) .

Key words:
Acute kidney injury; Sofosbuvir; Daclatasvir


In 2003, for the first time, the number of electronic payments in the United States exceeded the number of check payments--a result of substantial growth in electronic payments (especially by debit card) and a decline in check payments. The shift toward electronic payments suggests that, as with other large economies, many payments formerly made by check are now being made with electronic payment instruments. As in past years, however, the value of checks far exceeded the value of commonly used electronic payments. ; Comparisons among groups of depository institutions of different types and sizes suggest that the distribution of payments of different types is linked in part to the types of customers those institutions tend to serve. For example, at credit unions, which generally serve individuals rather than businesses, checks accounted for a smaller proportion of account debits, and debit card payments and ATM withdrawals accounted for a larger proportion, than at institutions of other types. ; Overall, "on us" check payments, those for which the payer and payee used the same institution, declined slightly. The rate at which checks are returned also declined, while the rate of returned ACH payments--almost twice that of checks--increased, in part because of new types of ACH payments, including ACH transactions initiated with a check. ; Data gathered in 2004 also reveal some differences among geographic regions. Debit card use was substantially greater, and check use substantially lower, in the West than in other regions. In contrast, debit card use was considerably less common in the Northeast, and the decline in check payments since 2000 was less pronounced in that region. ; Indirect evidence--data on ATM withdrawals and cash back from debit card payments--suggests that cash remains a popular means of making payments. Industry data showing increases in ATMs and ATM transactions appear to reflect a shift toward greater use of ATMs and less use of checks to obtain cash, and do not necessarily indicate an increase in the use of cash.


PURPOSE: To provide an electromechanical switch device capable of mounting a module on a switch device of after the switch device is set. CONSTITUTION: A main casing 10 has a plurality of switches comprising a main contact pair and a transmission member for opening/closing each main contact pair on the inside. An opening part 33 is formed between a projection part 20 and an access region 13, in the front of the main casing 10. A cassette- like casing 40 of a module is inserted into the opening part 33 in the front for holding. The casing 40 has an auxiliary contact pair which is opened/closed by the transmission member on the inside.


The research goal to have improved empirical influence of liquidity, leverage, size of the firm, profitability and ownership structure on the timeliness financial reporting for the manufacturing company in Indonesian Capital Market. That research have been using 46 manufacturing company in listed on the Indonesian Capital Market. The sample have collecting with purposive sampling. Sources of the data is secondary. The model research used two categories variable. First variable is independent. The variable consist of liquidity, leverage, size of the firm, profitability and ownership structure. Second variable is dependen that timelines financial reporting publication. The goal of the research have solving with quantitative analysis. The result of the test al variable, that consist of liquidity, leverage, size of the firm, profitability and ownership structure have not significant effect on the timeliness financial reporting publication on  manufacturing company in BEI. Keyword          Liquidity, Leverage, Size of the Firm, Profitability and Ownership Structure


The Shillong Plateau, NE lndia is reported to be one of the most seismically active 'pop-up' structures lying between the Dauki fault and recently reported Oldham fault in northeast lndia. Dauki fault lies down faulted Bengal basin to the south and Oldham fault, the Assam valley, the Himalayan foothills region, lesser Himalaya and Butan and Tibet further north. We examined convergent displacement due to northward movement of the lndian plate with respect to the Eurasian plate and also consider uplift of the Plateau simultaneously. Four models with different boundary conditions under both plane strain and plane stress have been selected. The maximum compressive stress shows a preferred orientation that helps us to explain the tectonic environment as well as the fault pattern in plane strain condition. The realistic regional maximum horizontal compressive stress (OHmax) orientation is observed within the best-fit model under plane stress condition. The best-fit model result under plane strain condition shows that the compressive stress regime is dominant in the study area, except for the uppennost part of the crust where the tensional stress is dominant. These tensional stress regimes support nOllllal faulting and structural discontinuities. With increase progressive convergent displacement (under plane strain condition), the principal stresses rotate anticlockwise around the fault zones, and the upper crust of the Bengal basin and the Assam valley, on the other hand, behave thrust faulting. Rock properties (density, Poisson's ratio, Young's modulus, cohesion, angle of internal friction) and Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion are used to calculate failure and faulting patlelll. The simulated results have significant explanation on the proposed Oldham fault as well as on the geologically evidenced Dauki fault. Our preferred model explains deformation and seismic activity of the area. Our plane stress simulation results show that the Dauki fault is the major controlling element for overall distribution of regional stress, and it accommodates -25% horizontal displacement. Our plane stTain model further suggests that plate convergence is the driving force for pop-up tectonics of the Shillong Plateau, and also for deformation in the Shillong Plateau and adjoining area within tbe crust «30 km).


The first CCD color-magnitude diagram (CMD) in B and V is presented for the Galactic globular cluster NGC 6535. From this CMD, which extends below the main sequence turnoff, we draw the following conclusions: (1) The horizontal branch (HB) is predominantly blue in nature with no RR Lyrae variables known to be cluster members. Nonetheless, based on a comparison with clusters which have blue HBs and RR Lyraes (M15 and M79), we infer a mean HB magnitude of < VRR ≥ 15.73 ± 0.11 for NGC 6535. (2) Again, via a direct comparison with the blue HBs of M15 and M79, we derive a cluster reddening of E(B-V)=0.44 ± 0.02. (3) When combined with the apparent color of the red giant branch at the level of the HB, (B-V)g = 1.18 ± 0.02, the derived reddening yields a metal abundance of [Fe/H] = -1.85 ± 0.10, similar to that of NGC 6397. (4) Application of the delta-VTO-HB and delta(B-V)SGB-TO cluster dating techniques reveals no perceptible age difference between NGC 6535 and NGC 6397. (5) A significant population of 9 blue straggler candidates is detected in NGC 6535. However, this is too few to facilitate a meaningful analysis of their radial distribution.


Work was undertaken to develop a microphone that would provide highly intelligible speech reception by direct contact with the head. Since investigation (Paper 7D4) showed that the forehead provided the bighest quality speech, efforts were concentrated in this region. In order to avoid a loss of high‐frequency response owing to flesh compliance, the total mass of the transducer had to be limited to below 1 g for a unit of small size. This was most readily accomplished with a miniature, inertial‐type transducer, which, additionally, provides the proper response‐frequency characteristics. Articulation tests, with the microphone located on the forehead, indicated an average PB word score of 90% in quiet surroundings. Good rejection of ambient acoustical noise was observed. The ultimate noise rejection is limited by noise‐induced vibrations transmitted through the head. The microphone totally frees the mouth area of obstacles located in front of the lips, and its miniature size suggests several applications. ...


Title of Dissertation / Thesis: PERFORMANCE AND ANALYSIS OF SPOT TRUCK-LOAD PROCUREMENT MARKETS USING SEQUENTIAL AUCTIONS Miguel Andres Figliozzi, Ph.D., 2004 Dissertation / Thesis Directed By: Professor Hani Mahmassani, Civil and Environmental Engineering Department Competition in a transportation marketplace is studied under different supply/demand conditions, auction formats, and carriers' behavioral assumptions. Carriers compete in a spot truck-load procurement market (TLPM) using sequential auctions. Carrier participation in a TLPM requires the ongoing solution of two distinct problems: profit maximization problem (chose best bid) and fleet management problem (best fleet assignment to serve acquired shipments). Sequential auctions are used to model an ongoing transportation market, where carrier competition is used to study carriers' dynamic vehicle routing technologies and decision making processes. Given the complexity of the bidding/fleet management problem, carriers can tackle it with different levels of sophistication. Carriers' decision making processes and rationality/bounded rationality assumptions are analyzed. A framework to study carrier behavior in TL sequential auctions is presented. Carriers' behavior is analyzed as a function of fleet management technology, auction format, carrier bounded rationality, market settings, and decision making complexity. The effects of fleet management technology asymmetries on a competitive marketplace are studied. A methodology to compare dynamic fleet management technologies is developed. Under a particular set of bounded rationality assumptions, bidding learning mechanisms are studied; reinforcement learning and fictitious play implementations are discussed. The performance of different auction formats is studied. Simulated scenarios are presented and their results discussed. PERFORMANCE AND ANALYSIS OF SPOT TRUCK-LOAD PROCUREMENT MARKETS USING SEQUENTIAL AUCTIONS


Deng Xiaoping's thoughts of history is full of contents and implications.Seeking truth from facts is very important in his thought of history.Seeking truth from facts is Deng Xiaoping's primary work after his third come-back,the true portrayal of CPC's history and the fundamental principle of Deng Xiaoping's thought of history.


The fundamental objective of this research consists in analyzing juvenile penal responsibility for delictive actions realized after the implementation of the Organic Law for Protection of Children and Adolescents. The research undertaken was descriptive, basing itself on an analysis of delictive theory, principally in imputation, non-imputability, and Capitulo Criminologico Vol. 32,No 3, Julio-Septiembre 2004, 315-341 ISSN: 0798-9598


Objective:observe the safety of Water Soluble Pearl Powder.Methods and Results:Acute toxicity texts using maximal tolerance method(male and female mice fed by MTD10.0g/kgBw) is actually belong to non-toxic level.Among all the different level in Ames text of the genetic toxicity experiments,regardless of whether or not to join S9 mixture liquid,the change counts is no more than the spontaneous return of variables two times,and no measure-response relationship could be seen.And the positive control group showed strong mutagenic effects.In bone marrow micronucleus text of animals in all test dose,the PCE appearance rate and PCE/PBC compared with the negative control group,there was no significant difference.(P0.05),while the positive compared with the negative control group,the difference was significant.(P0.05) and showed the strong mutagenic effect.Texts in mice sperm abnormality in the negative control group showed the abnormality rate of 1.86%.The positive control group(cyclophosphamide used by the group) showed the rate of 5.32%,and result that compared with the negative ones showed significant different.(P0.05) The three group with different level medicine showed the sperm abnormality rate are:1.92%,2.02% and 2.06%,which didn't show the significant difference.(P0.05)The result showed that rats 30d fed by Water Soluble Pearl Powder included of the normal condition、weight、food efficiency hematology、blood chemistry histopathology are normal.Conclusion:Water Soluble Pearl Powder is belong to the non-toxic level,no genetic toxicity,and can be used for long-turn.


(1) The 30 strains of Penicillia and the 52 strains of Aspergilli have been screened for their producibility of 5'-Phosphodiesterase, and Penicillium sclerotiorum 7321, Penicillium sp M-11 and Penicillium citrinum UV-mutant 2032-72 were selected as having high 5'-Phosphodiesterase activity. (2) Using the wheat bran medium the 5'-Phosphodiesterase production was reached at maximum state by the plate culture for 10 days at (3) The optimum conditions of the 5'-Phosphodiesterase activity of Penicillium sclerotiorum 7321 and Penicillium sp M-11 were pH 4.0 at , while the optimum condition of the 5'-Phosphodiesterase activity of Penicillium citrinum UV-mutant 2032-72 was pH 5.0 at .


People drive transitions. Current urban living conditions, specifically food systems, challenge the health, wellbeing and coherence of individuals and whole societies, and for effective change toward resilient communities, people need to reinvent the way they produce, distribute and consume food. Consequently, in their communities' people are creating foodscapes and governing the transition toward sustainable local food systems. Here, we introduce a conceptual framework to develop this transformation through empowering the urban multi-stakeholder society as the agent of this process. To do so, we reviewed scientific evidence and experiences from seven selected City Regions (Albacete, Baku, Dresden, Izmir, Ljubljana, Megara, and Valparaiso) as case studies and conducted a SWOT analysis to explore the capacity of food systems to enhance multi-functionality of urban landscapes, with special focus on social cohesion and quality of life. We grasp existing policies; hone them and leverage policies and strategies toward human-centered actions for future proofing food systems.


A pseudopotential technique is used to construct defining equations for a basis of localized bonding orbitals in a covalent network. Pauling's hybridized atomic orbitals represent an approximate solution for these bonding functions. The technique may be used in a wide variety of situations to calculate, with no adjustable parameters, the properties of covalent systems.


A process for forming a geopolymeric cement is disclosed which comprises forming the cement from a precursor having a Si:A1 atomic ratio of less than or equal to 1.3:1, thus forming an alkaline multiphase alumino-silicate material. The process may include the use of calcium silicate as a further precursor. The precursor may comprise basaltic rock in which kaolinization is at an advanced stage, such as interbasaltic material found in Northern Ireland. Also disclosed is the formation of structural units for constructing a building, the structural units being manufactured using the geopolymeric cement may have compressive strengths of greater than 3 N/mm2and preferably having compressive strengths in the range of 12 — 25 N/mm2.


A five-year transportation policy research agenda related to land use, economic development, and urban form will be strongly influenced by three conditions: The emergence of service industries as the dominant force in the economy of many urban areas and the concurrent dispersion of industrial employment to fringe and nonmetropolitan areas; Greater uncertainty regarding future urban development trends due to the effects of inflation, energy supply interruptions and price increases, the implementation of environmental controls, and other factors; and Pressure from public policymakers to improve the linkage between transportation investments and land use economic development objectives to ensure maximum use of the potential benefits of those investments (increased emphasis will be placed on transportation decision making intended to help guide rather than follow urban development for the purpose of achieving a variety of other public objectives such as energy conservation, air pollution reduction, and urban revitalization). Each of these conditions has certain implications for transportation policy research. The following sections briefly discuss the nature of these conditions and the type of research projects that will help policymakers at all levels of government cope with resource allocation issues during the coming decade. (Author)


proposes that intraoperative stimulatory mapping to determine the location of eloquent brain areas during glioma resection provides increased volume of resection and is associated with reduced late severe neurologic deficits. The report is based on a retrospective systematic meta-analysis of 90 publications describing 8,091 patients with glioma. Because extent of resection and neurologic status are two crucial predictors of longer survival in patients with glioblastoma, the authors propose that intraoperative surgical mapping should become part of the standard of care for resective neurosurgery of high-grade brain gliomas. The current standard of care for the treatment of high-grade gliomas is neurosurgical resection, followed by radiation and chemotherapy. If tumors can be resected at all, the aim is for the resection to be as complete as possible. Radiation treatment has been standardized for some time now, and the current chemotherapy of choice is temozolomide administered in various regimes that have been optimized over the last 5 years. Because long-term survival ( 2 years) continues to be low, experimental therapies are administered in tandem with the primary standard of care or on tumor recurrence, which occurs in almost 100% of cases. 2-4 Two-year survival in patients with high-grade gliomas at the highest-complexity medical centers, with optimized standard of care, is 38.4%, and median survival is 18 to 21 months. 5 Longer-term survival of the majority of patients continues to be an elusive goal. Predictors of long-term survival continue to be classical clinical categories: younger patients (age 35 years), with high Karnofsky performance score at presentation, and a tumor that in principle is susceptible to complete neurosurgical excision. Even in these cases, 5-year survival remains below 5%. 4,6-8


World War I was on a much greater scale and magnitude than any previous conflict in history. In addition, the conditions of warfare had changed, and during most of the 4 years, the battle front was fairly static with millions of men living and fighting in trenches. Here, they often peered over the top of the trench and, as a consequence, injuries to the face and head were very common. Statistics show that the proportion of missile injuries involving the head and neck, compared with the rest of the body, were five times greater in World War I than in World War 11. The warships of this period were, below the deck, a mass of pipes through which pressurized steam passed, and it was not until the end of the war that protective clothing was introduced. This, of course, resulted in an enormous number of appalling facial burns among naval personnel, and, as we shall see, the Battle of Jutland was an important landmark in the development of treatment for facial burns. Facial surgery, as it existed in 1914, was totally unable to cope with the vast numbers of horrendous facial wounds that occurred. Gillies was to write later "Unlike the trainee surgeon of today, who is weaned on small scar excisions and gradually to a single hare lip, we were suddenly asked to provide half a face."l As a result of clinical need, enormous advances were made in the field of facial surgery during the next 4 years. It has been stated that "History is merely the biography of great men" and here the great surgeon in question was Harold Delf Gillies. It has also been said that "History is the biography of ideas," and here the most important idea was the tubed pedicle flap. Harold Gillies (Fig. 1) was a true Renaissance man. In each generation, there are only a few individuals who possess those qualities that set themselves apart from their fellowmen. Such a man was Gillies, whose many talents were remarkable by any standards. He first achieved fame as an athlete. At Cambridge University, he was awarded a blue for rowing and for golf. He was also a first-rate cricketer and billiards player. His fine baritone voice enabled him to win a Chapel Scholarship at his College, and he also played the violin. As a boy, he developed great skill as a wood carver and he later took up both painting and drawing, which always gave him great satisfaction, and he reached such a standard of excellence, that he was able to hold several professional exhibitions at London galleries where his work sold well. Throughout his life, he was an enthusiastic angler and in the art of fly fishing he had few equals. Because of his numerous extracurricular activities, his undergraduate academic career was adequate, but modest. It was, in fact, only later after graduation that he was to show the same concentration, effort, and talent for surgery that he had exhibited for games and the arts. After a succession of junior surgical appointments, Gillies decided to take up otolaryngology. The senior otolaryngologist at his old teaching hospital was Sir Milsom Rees, who had a very large fashionable practice, treating the nobility, the rich, and the famous. It was he who operated on the Prince of Wales (Duke of Windsor) for adenoids at Buckingham Palace in 1912. King George was a life-


This paper presents the development of a Spinal Cord Stimulator (SCS) prototype targeted to the treatment of chronic pain. A SCS system is usually comprised of a telemetric transmitter and a implantable stimulation circuit, also referred as implantable pulse generator (IPG). The transmitter acts as an external programmer, sending stimulation parameters such as signal amplitude, frequency, pulse-width and type of waveform to a modulator circuit. The stimulation circuit then applies pulses according to the specified parameters directly into the epidural space of the spinal cord with the help of electrode leads surgically implanted in the mentioned region. We first present a theoretical background on the subject of spinal cord stimulation. Then we present the methods behind our architecture and hardware selection, with a detailed view on each section. Experimental procedures done in our laboratory are also presented as well as our methods of analysis. Finally we analyze the accuracy of our prototype in comparison to commercially available SCS systems and discuss about future hardware and system architecture changes. Key-words: chronic pain. spinal cord stimulation.amplitude.frequency.pulse-width Lista de ilustracoes Figura 1 – Diagrama do Gerador de Pulsos Implantavel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Figura 2 – Composicao interna do Controlador Externo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Figura 3 – Fluxograma de Funcionamento do Controlador Externo . . . . . . . . . 33 Figura 4 – Diagrama de Funcionamento do Circuito Estimulador . . . . . . . . . . 36 Figura 5 – Diagrama de Fluxo do Codigo do Controlador . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Figura 6 – Esquematico do CI XTR110, com os pinos indicados. . . . . . . . . . . 38 Figura 7 – Diagrama de funcionamento da logica de ativacao das Chaves . . . . . 40 Figura 8 – PCB Inferior do Controlador Externo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Figura 9 – PCB Superior do Controlador Externo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Figura 10 – Vista Frontal do Controlador Externo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 Figura 11 – Tela Inicial do Programador . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 Figura 12 – Tela de Configuracao de Parâmetros do Programador . . . . . . . . . . 44 Figura 13 – comportamento da corrente de saida do XTR110 com varias cargas . . 46 Figura 14 – Media e Barra de confianca com 99% de confianca . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Figura 15 – Regrecao Linear e media dos valores medidos(*) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Figura 16 – Estimulacao bifasica . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49


This paper presents an objective model for the estimation of fire risk potential of an underground coal mine panel by the bord-and-pillar method of mining where extraction is carried out by depillaring with caving. The fire risk rating procedure for the estimation of fire risk potential involved in the panel is described in detail. The model developed thereof is tested with the field data collected from different collieries across the country along with the laboratory data for critical assessment of fitness of the model. Some results showing the validity of the model are also cited here.


Diffuse pulmonary lymphangiomatosis (DPL) is a rare disorder involving the intrathoracic lymphatic system from the mediastinum to the pleura. Although DPL is a lymphatic developmental abnormality and is pathologically benign, it has various clinical presentations and a progressive course. We recently studied a case of DPL in a 35-year-old man presenting with cough and hemoptysis with unilateral chylothorax. A chest computed tomography scan showed diffuse interstitial thickening along the peribronchovascular bundles and intralobular septae with pleural and pericardial effusion. Wedge resection of the left lower lung was performed to make a diagnosis. Microscopically, the lesion was characterized by variably sized and increased lymphatic channels of the interlobular septa and subpleural area. The cells lining the lymphatics were immunohistochemically positive for D2–40 and CD34. This patient is still alive without recurrent symptoms 13 months after beginning a low-fat medium-chain triglyceride diet and chemical pleurodesis.


More than 1900 flash cards, practice questions, and quick reference sheets for all five of the CCSP exams: SND, SNRS, SNPA, IPS, and CSVPNAre you ready to take the SND, SNRS, SNPA, IPS, or CSVPN exams for CCSP™ certification? You've learned the concepts, you have the experience to put them into real-world use, and now you want to practice, practice, practice until exam time. CCSP Flash Cards and Exam Practice Pack gives you three methods of proven, late-stage exam preparation for the five CCSP exams all in one convenient learning package.Test Engine500-question exam engine includes both practice and study modesFlash CardsMore than 1000 flash cards in PC, handheld, and print formats, available in customized setsQuick Reference SheetsAll exam topics included in 400+ graphical quick reference sheetsCCSP Flash Cards and Exam Practice Pack is part of a recommended learning path from Cisco Systems® that includes simulation and hands-on training from authorized Cisco Learning Partners and self-study products from Cisco Press®. To find out more about instructor-led training, e-learning, and hands-on instruction offered by authorized Cisco Learning Partners worldwide, please visit www.cisco.com/go/authorizedtraining.Companion CD-ROMThe CD-ROM contains 1000+ flash cards in PC, Palm, and PocketPC format, 500 practice test questions, and electronic copies of the 400 Quick Reference Sheets.Minimum System RequirementsWindows 98®, Me, 2000 Pro, or XPAcrobat Reader 5.0 or higherInternet Explorer 5.5 or higher16 MB RAM for Windows 98 and Me;64 MB RAM for Windows 2000 Pro and XP800 x 600 resolution or higher256 or more colorsInternet access for "instant" registrationOptional: Palm or Palm OS®-compliant handheld device; Pocket PC handheld deviceThis volume is in the Flash Cards and Exam Practice Pack Series from Cisco Press. Products in this series arm Cisco certification candidates with a set of exam practice tools, formats, and environments to help them in the final stages of their self-study regimen and increase recall of key exam topics.


A simple adaptive heuristic to optimize the geometries of clusters of charged particles or atoms and find the global minimum energy configurations has been proposed. The approach uses random mutations of one single configuration and accepts moves that decrease the energy. Mutation probability and mutation intensity are allowed to evolve adaptively.


The cases of women experiencing gender-biased, injustice, abuse, and violence do not only exist in stories of literary works but it does exist in real life as we believe that literary text is the reflection of the real life. In addition, feminism is more likely concerning the division of gender roles and its implication to the women's life to be academically worth it. This study is intended to identify what kind of women's roles and conflicts are portrayed in literary works and to explain how women's roles and conflicts are reflected through literary text. This study is a qualitative study which applies close reading in finding the data. The results of the study show that the roles of women in Divakaruni's Arranged Marriage are mainly aiming at fulfilling the domestic affairs. While, two conflicts are faced by the women; domestic violence and psychological pressures by their husbands and family. In addition, it also indicates that most women are still prevalent to destiny as housewives and to serve their husband's needs.


Abstract Background National health examination surveys (HES) are rarely carried out due to high costs and high complexity. We piloted more flexible methods such as self-sampling, self-measurements and household visits conducted by a study-nurse replacing physician examinations in study centers. Methods Feasibility of several new methods for the German HES was tested, e.g.: large-scale implementation of unattended self-sampled dried blood spots (DBS) and oral-nasal swabs (ONS) in a countrywide general population panel including a large subsample with migration background (Study 1, n = 15,122); household visits with brief biosampling & examinations (Study 2, n = 470); and unattended blood pressure (BP) self-measurements with mailed devices and video instructions (Study 3, n = 202). Results Among participants consenting to participate, Study 1 showed successful postal self-sampling of DBS for SARS-CoV-2 antibody tests in 98% of participants and 97% valid ONS for SARS-CoV-2 PCR tests. Study 2 showed successful standardized measurements of BP (97%), weight/height (99%) and DBS and venous blood sampling with onsite whole blood centrifugation (97%). Temperature requirements for centrifugation, cooled transport and ATC-coded medication assessment (Anatomical Chemical Classification) proved challenging and needed revised methods to avoid data loss. Nested validation studies confirmed use of a multiplex assay for various antibodies with DBS and of HbA1c analysis with uncooled specimen. The strict and time-consuming BP self-measurement-protocol with 12 measurements in Study 3 was followed only by 54% of participants. Conclusions Self-sampling and biosampling & examinations in households are feasible options for HES but protocols with high complexity may result in low data completeness.


Purpose: The purpose of this study is to measure setup errors before treatment delivery and observe the change of setup errors throughout the entire course of radiotherapy. Methods: There were 23 esophageal cancer patients were treated by Elekta linear accelerator, a total of 405 CBCT scans were analysed. The systematic and random errors were calculated in the X, Y, Z axis. The date of each group was analysed by SNK statistical method. Results: All data can be divided into 6 groups. It is respectively the first to fifth week and general setup errors. The systematic and random errors (cm) in the X axis were 0.33, 0.32, 0.34, 0.37, 0.45,0.35 and 0.28, 0.28, 0.31, 0.32, 0.34, 0.31. The systematic and random errors (cm) in the Y axis were 0.61, 0.62,0.65, 0.66, 0.61, 0.63 and 0.5, 0.5, 0.53, 0.54,0.46, 0.53. The systematic and random errors (cm) in the Z axis were 0.26, 0.26, 0.29, 0.29, 0.37,0.29 and 0.19, 0.2, 0.21, 0.21, 0.24, 0.21. It has found that the systematic error gradually increased with the increase of treatment time in the X, Z axis, setup errors have no obvious change in the Y axis. No significant correlations were found between each group in the Y axis, P value > 0.05. The fifth week and other groups was found to be significant in the X and Z axis, P values 0.05. Conclusion: The first week or previous setup errors can guide subsequent treatment, but in the end of treatment (after at most 20 times) the treatment plan should be redesigned. Because each treatment situation is different, if allows, the CBCT should be used for each treatment.


This paper provides navigation solutions to perform the repeated-intercept mission with a constrained time of maneuver. The repeated-intercept (flyby) mission can be performed by a small, highly maneuverable microsatellite designed to fly past a target satellite at high relative velocity. Because of non-Keplerian orbital perturbations, the microsatellite must perform a small maneuver at or shortly after the intercept to adjust its orbit to permit another intercept approximately one revolution later. During the course of that orbit the microsatellite uses midcourse guidance and terminal guidance to refine its trajectory and the intercept geometry. Themission repeats, allowing the microsatellite to image the target satellite from various angles and under multiple lighting conditions, providing an on-orbit inspection capability without matching orbital planes. This paper presents a strategy for selection of the magnitude and direction of the initial maneuver to provide the greatest number of flyby opportunities within constrained budgets of time and fuel.


The last decade has seen a considerable increase in entertainment-oriented communication techniques. Likewise, the rise of social networks has evolved, offering different formats such as publication and stories. Hence, there has been a growing interest in knowing which strategies have the greatest social impact to help position organizations in the mind of the consumer. This research aims to analyze the different impact that stories and publications can have on the Instagram social network as a tool for generating branded content. To this end, it analyses the impact of the different Instagram stories and publications in various sectors using a methodology of structural equations with composite constructs. The results obtained, based on 800 stories and publications in four different companies (retailers and manufacturers), show that the reach of the story generally explains the interaction with Instagram stories. In contrast, in the case of publications, impressions are of greater importance in explaining the interaction with the publication. Among the main contributions of the work, we find that traditional pull communication techniques have been losing effectiveness in front of new formats of brand content generation that have been occupying the time in the relationship between users and brands.


Detection ranges of acoustic instruments mainly used for fisheries and their research are derived as the range bordered by a certain signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) threshold. The SNR is depicted by several factors on transmitting and receiving, sound propagation, scattering by objects, and mainly self‐ship noise. The detection ranges are shown for several fisheries instruments: fisheries echo sounder, quantitative echo sounder, and bio‐telemetry system. The results can be used for designing the instruments, examining the capability of user's own instruments, and interpreting obtained data or echograms. Some examples of the results follow. Increasing transmitting power is not as effective for high frequencies as for low frequencies to increase the detection range. Comparison of volume backscattering strengths obtained by the quantitative echo sounder at several frequencies for the purpose of rough species' identification should be done within the same detection range. By applying the concept of the detection ...


Working as a fisherman is a job that has a fairly high level of risk. In addition, the income received from fish catches is not fully able to meet the economic needs of his family. There are many factors that can cause fishermen income such as capital, fishing gear, fishing time and other factors. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors that influence the income of Rawai fishing in the Sumpang Binagae Village in Barru regency. The method used in this research is quantitative descriptive. The population in this study were 46 family heads of fishermen in Sumpang Binangae Village. Data collection techniques through observation, documentation, interviews and questionnaires while the data analysis technique used is multiple regression analysis. The results showed that the size of the income of fishermen who use fishing gear significantly and significantly influenced by the variable working capital, fishing gear, length of sea fishing and experience while the dependent variables of family, education and age did not significantly influence the income of fishermen. Income for longline fishing has a good income level due to the type of fish catches that have economic value or higher selling prices.


An isothermal, steady-state, three-dimensional multicomponent computational model is developed for cathode of Proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell using interdigitated gas distributor. The flow of the gas mixtures in the gas channel and the porous electrode is depicted by the continuity equation and Navier-Stokes equations. The advection-diffusion equations are utilized to study species transport of multicomponent gas mixture. The Butler-Volmer expression is adopted for the domain in the catalyst layer. The model is validated by comparison the model prediction with the experimental data, and a good agreement is obtained. The model is then used to investigate the effect of the parameters of electrode and gas distributor, such as channel depth, channel width and the electrode height, on the performance of the PEM fuel cell. It is found that the electrode thickness needs to be optimized to get optimal performance, which is consistent with the results obtained from the preceded work of two-dimensional modeling. Thinner channel depth is favorable for the good performance with a fixed reactant gas flux, which could not be obtained from the two-dimensional modeling. Shorter width of outlet channel can enhance the performance of PEM fuel cell by increasing the current density over this domain. INTRODUCTION PEM fuel cells are assumed to be the most promising among the various existing fuel cells systems in virtue of its high power density, short response time, low operating temperature and the simplicity of its design and operation. They are considered as an alternative power source for electric vehicles due to its high efficiency of energy transform and low emissions. They are also a promising candidate for portable electronic appliance, fixed power generations and distributed power systems. It is well known that the performance of the PEM fuel cells is limited by the slow kinetic rate of the oxygen reduction reaction and oxygen concentration dilution by the production water in the cathode, especially when the air is used as oxidant. The excessive water could even flood the catalyst sites and the effective reaction surface resulting in deterioration of the fuel cell performance. Consequently, the interdigitated gas distributor was proposed by Nguyen (1996) to settle the water-flooding problem of cathode. The new gas distributor design gains better performance validated by experimental results compared with the conventional distributor. Over the past few years, researchers have done some modeling work to study the transport mechanism of reactant and production in PEM fuel cell using the interdigitated gas distributor. Yi and Nguyen (1999) proposed a two-dimensional steady–state multicomponent transport model for the porous electrode and investigated the effect of the operating conditions and design parameters of an air cathode on the performance of the cell with an interdigitated gas distributor. Kazim and Liu (1999) developed a simple two-dimensional mathematical model to study the superiority of this new kind of distributor design over the conventional one and modeling results show good performance of the former. He et al. (2000) developed a two-dimensional, two-phase multi-component transport model to investigate the effects of the gas and liquid water hydrodynamics on the performance of an air cathode of a PEM fuel cell using an interdigitated gas distributor and investigated the effect of the operating conditions and design parameters of an air cathode on the performance of the cell with an interdigitated gas distributor. Wang et al. (2002) investigated the effects of magnet particles on the performance of a PEM fuel cell with an interdigitated gas distributor using a 2D, twophase transport model similar to the one developed by He . Zhou and Liu (2002) studied the enhancement of heat transfer in fuel cells with interdigitated flow field design using a 3D single-phase computational model. Natarajan and Nguyen (2003) extended a 2D model for conventional gas distributors to account for the dimension along the length of channel. A search of literatures shows that there are few three-dimensional models for this simulation. Meanwhile, the concentrations along the gas channel in the electrode vary due to diffusion-convection transport and the electrochemical reaction depletion, and this phenomenon can not be simulated by a two-dimensional model. In this work, an isothermal, steady-state, threedimensional multicomponent computational model is developed for gaseous species transport in the cathode of PEM fuel cell using the new design gas distributor. In the following presentation, a set of comprehensive 3-D continuity equations, momentum equations and advection-diffusion equations is first set up to describe the flow and species transport of the gaseous mixture in the coupled gas channel-gas diffuser-catalyst layer domain within which the interfaces between the gas channel and the catalyst layer is located. They are numerically solved iteratively together with the ButlerVolmer equation and other expressions to get the gaseous velocity field, the species concentration and the local current density distributions. The model prediction of cell polarization curve is compared with some available experiment data, showing a good agreement. The model is then used to investigate the effect of some parameters on the cell performance, and the detailed results are presented. Finally some conclusions are made. MODEL DESCRIPTION The model domain is shown in Fig. 1,which includes the two halves of gas channel, a shoulder of collector plate, the diffusion layer and the catalyst layer of the cathode of MEA. For the clarity of presentation in Fig. 1(a) the electrode is deliberately separated from the upper surface of the shoulder. The left gas channel is the inlet for reactant gas and the right one is outlet. The species transport rate and concentrations along the gas channels (x-direction) vary due to the advectiondiffusion mechanism and electrochemical reaction in the catalyst layer, as well as the three-dimensional effects in the transverse y-direction across the porous electrode from the inlet gas channel to the outlet channel. The importance of these effects on the performance of fuel cells can only be examined by a 3-D computational model. The geometric periodicity of the cell is taken advantage of to reduce the computational efforts. Thus symmetry is assumed in the right and left boundary conditions, see Fig. 1(b). Normally the operating temperature of PEM fuel cell is below 100 degree centigrade, and the water generated by electrochemical reaction exists as gaseous phase in the cathode and transported by electro-osmotic drag. (a) 3-D stereoscopic picture (b) 2-D cross -section Fig. 1 Computational domain of the model Model Assumptions In this study, following assumptions are made: (1) The fuel cell operates under steady state conditions. (2) The reactant and production are assumed to be ideal gas mixtures. (3) The gas diffusion layer is treated as an isotropic and homogenous porous medium and the properties such as porosity and the permeability are uniform. (4) The domain is isothermal. (5) The catalyst layer is assumed ultra-thin and can be treated as a single reactive interface between membrane and diffusion layer. Governing Equations Generally, the transport of gas mixtures conforms to the mass, momentum, and species conservation principles. Thus, the governing equations comprise the continuity equation, momentum conservation equations and species conservation equations, which are written as follows z


Editor in Chief Gretchyn M. Bailey: Hi, everyone. Thanks for joining us today. I am talking with Dr. Kerry Gelb, who is in practice in Woodbridge, NJ, and he is about to have the world premiere of his movie called Open Your Eyes and he's going to talk to us about it. So, Dr.


Condensation of cyclohexanone and pentaerythritol catalyzed by iodine supported on activated carbon was investigated.The influence factors of the reaction were examined.The optimum conditions for the reaction were as follows: the quantity of catalyst was 0.7 g(quantity of the catalyst supported on activated carbon 30%),molar ratio of cyclohexanone to pentaery-thritol was 2.2∶ 1,the reaction temperature was 110-112 ℃,the reaction time was 1.5 h and toluene as the water-carrying agent.The yield was up to 95.2%.The catalyst can be recycled easily.


The invention is applied to the field of mobile terminals and provides a method, a system and a mobile terminal for reminding new information. The method comprises the following steps of: presetting color options, wherein the color options comprise a plurality of colors; receiving a color which is selected from the color options and corresponds to a contact; and when new information of the contact is received, displaying the color corresponding to the contact in a reminding display interface. By presetting the color options, receiving the color which is selected from the color options and corresponds to a contact, and displaying the color corresponding to the contact in the reminding display interface when the new information of the contact is received, the method can effectively identify and distinguish the contact classes through colors, and easily identifies the contacts due to the striking colors. When the mobile terminal receives the new information, a user can immediately judges the specific class of the contact of the new information through the color. Meanwhile, the interest is increased, and new experience is provided for the user.


Accurate reaching movements can theoretically benefit from multisensory feedback. Both vision and proprioception should be useful when performing early online limb trajectory amendments (i.e., impulse regulation; see Elliott et al., 2010). However, the notion of impulse regulation was developed with limb trajectory perturbations (i.e., altered movement demands but unaltered proprioception: Grierson & Elliott, 2008, 2009). The current study aimed to test the roles of movement demands versus proprioception on impulse regulation processes. Participants displaced one of two visually-identical aluminum cubes (i.e., 505 g and 480 g) towards a visual target (30 cm amplitude). The heavier cube was covertly switched to the lighter cube on one third of the trials, altering movement demands, and eliciting impulse regulation processes. Furthermore, to perturb proprioception, between-trial muscle tendon vibration was employed (Goodman & Tremblay, 2017). Finally, visual feedback was available on 50% of trials in a randomized fashion, to alter reliance on proprioception. Results confirmed that online vision led to more accurate and precise endpoint distributions. However, no variables analyzed yielded an interaction involving vision, suggesting that the effects of tendon vibration and cube weight were stable across vision conditions. In contrast, the lighter cube weight yielded higher peak velocities but no significant differences in endpoint distributions (i.e., effective impulse regulation). Finally, although vibration led to shifts in the average endpoint position, no measures associated with online control yielded any effects of tendon vibration. Even if methodological differences from previous work should be investigated, impulse regulation appears to be predominantly based on visual feedback. Acknowledgments: Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI), Ontario Research Fund (ORF), University of Toronto (UofT).


PURPOSE: To provide an effect generator which is started and stopped without making conscious of switch operation. CONSTITUTION: This toy 1 has in a body 2 a mechanical pulse generator 5 where a conductive sphere 7 freely moves in a cylindrical vessel having terminals 10 and 11 on an inner peripheral surface and a bottom surface, a control circuit 4 and an effect generator 3 to generate an effect such as an action, a sound and the light. When a posture is changed by moving the toy 1, since the conductive sphere 7 moves and simultaneously contacts with both terminals 10 and 11, an electric pulse is generated. The control circuit 4 turns on a switch of the effect generator 3 when the pulse number reaches the prescribed number (n), and also turns off the switch when it reaches the prescribed number (m). The effect generator 3 is started and stopped without making conscious of switch operation.


This study examines whether baseball's free agent market has been characterized by an asymmetric distribution of information among clubs. It is argued that the clubs for which players have performed have more information with which to estimate the players' future performance than do clubs that have not employed the player. Evidence is presented which shows that free agents spend more time on the disabled list than non-free agents. Over time it appears that club owners have adjusted their expectations of free agent performance.


Through introducing the market set-price and market set-cost to lead out how an enterprise achieves the goal of reducing the cost lower than the average of the field by implementing the strategy of decreasing the costs of purchasing, technology, quality, manufacturing and the raising the management efficiency to become more competitive.


A method for processing recorded images of head-wearing recording equipment comprises sensing moving states of a videographer through a first sensor and sensing environment changes through a second sensor during the image recording of the head-wearing recording equipment; performing statistical analysis on data sensed by the first sensor through a software module, and subjecting the data and recorded images to synchronous comparison to find frames subjected to anomalous changes; the software module processes the frames subjected to anomalous changes and performs statistical analysis on environment change parameters sensed by the second sensor and inpaints and adjusts the recorded images according to statistical analysis results to keep a first view image of the recorded images in a continuous and clear state.


280 Address for correspondence: Dr. Carlos Robles-Medranda, Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Division, Ecuadorian Institute of Digestive Diseases, Av. Abel Romeo Castillo y Av. Juan Tanca Marengo, Torre Vitalis I, Mezzanine 3, Guayaquil 090505, Ecuador. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Received: 2020-03-29; Accepted: 2020-07-12; Published online: 2020-09-09 EUS‐guided therapy of gastric varices (with video)


The nuclear DNA content of male and female gametes of tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum) was measured using DAPI stain and microspectrofluorimetric measurement. Tobacco pollen is bicellular at anthesis,containing a vegetative cell and a generative cell,which divides to form two sperm cells in a pollen tube. The nuclear DNA content of generative cell in a pollen tube was at 2C level and that of two sperm cells in a pollen tube,which elongated in the style,at 1C level. Two sperm cells began to synthesize DNA after both were released in the degenerated synergid,and the quantity of nuclear DNA in both sperm cells approached 2C level before both fusing with egg and central cells. During this process,the nuclear DNA content of egg cell also began to increase and approached 2C level before fusing with sperm cell. After male and female gamete fused,the nuclear DNA content of zygote reached 4C level. Therefore,the fusion of male and female gametes of tobacco was at G2 of cell cycle,and this fusion of fertilization belonged to G2 type. This result displayed the fertilization multiformity in angiosperms.


MEXICOMEXICO CITY AND TIJUANA, MEXICO-- With a population more than twice as large as all of Central America combined, this country has the most HIV/AIDS cases in the region yet a relatively low prevalence. ([Read more][1].)

 [1]: http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/313/5786/477b


The study of scripture is established in early Han Dynasty as well as that of historiography. However Spring and Autumn implies "comment" in "narration", with a combination of scripture and history. Gongyang, Guliang and Zuozhuan inherit the method of Spring and Autumn by exhibiting the characteristic of scripture; Shiji also inherits characteristics from Spring and Autumn by exhibiting the characteristic of history. It is obvious that the dual quality of Spring and Autumn propels the connection between scripture and history and leads to the separation of scripture and history due to different inheritance from Spring and Autumn. Shiji is a key point in the separation in that it sets up an example in the aim, method and pattern of writing, which makes history independent from scripture and makes sure its position and value in Chinese classical historiography.


To realize high-precision Single-axial Rotating FOG-SINS, a low-power, low-cost, middle-precision rotating control mechanism design for single axial rotating navigation system is put forward. Through theory analysis, design and experimental verification, the rotating control mechanism has good control precision and high reliability, which meets the demands for developing middle & high-precision FOG-SINS.


Zirconium hydroxide was calcined at discrete temperatures up to 900 °C to study the effect of thermal treatment on the structure and surface chemistry related to the filtration of SO2. As-received and calcined materials were characterized using multiple techniques that included thermal gravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, and nitrogen porosity to determine changes to the zirconium hydroxide structure. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy were used to characterize changes in surface hydroxyl groups. Changes in the morphology and surface chemistry were correlated to sulfur dioxide filtration through chemical breakthrough studies. It was found that as calcination temperature increased, materials become more crystalline, which led to the loss of terminal hydroxyl groups and a decrease in the efficacy for sulfur dioxide removal.


Mathematics learning media is very necessary to support student learning outcomes. Three-dimensional media can be used as an alternative solution for teaching space building materials. Three-dimensional media is a group of media without projection whose presentation is visually three-dimensional. This media group can take the form of an original object both living and dead, and can also be tangible as an imitation that represents the original (Santyasa, 2007: 15).The purpose of this study was to improve the quality of Mathematics learning material through the use of three dimensional media. This research is a classroom action research (PTK) which is conducted in two cycles, each cycle consisting of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection stages. The subjects of this study were 20 grade II students of SDN Palebon 02 Semarang, with a total of 20 students. The research instruments were observation sheets, learning test results and documentation. Data analysis includes data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The finding of this research is that the use of Three Dimensional Media can improve the quality of students' Mathematics learning on Building Space material in class II SDN Palebon 02 Semarang. The results showed that the percentage of student learning activities in cycle I 74.5% increased in cycle II to 91.5% and the percentage of the number of students who completed the learning outcomes in cycle I 61.8% increased in cycle II to 100%.


The issues of the friction engagement of a carbon-carbon composites with steel at high temperatures are studied in the article. The statement on the admissibility of using a carbon composite in friction units at high temperatures is substantiated. Antifriction properties of carbon composite are investigated for friction against steel in the speed range 0.05 - 0.25 m / s and contact pressure 0.3…1 MPa. It has been shown experimentally that the "Hardcarb-T" material has better antifriction properties than the "Argalon-2D" material in the temperature range of + 300 … + 700 ° C and a velocity of 0.16 m / s. The coefficient of friction of the "Hardcarb-T" material in the temperature range 300 … 700 ° C varies from 0.28 to 0.38. With a load of 1.0 MPa and a sliding speed of 0.16 m / s, the friction coefficient of the "Argalon-2D" material is 38% higher than that of the "Hardcarb-T" material.


Objectives: The Medicare Safety Net Policy was introduced in March 2004 to provide financial relief for those Australians who face high out-of-pocket (OOP) costs for outpatient medical services. This study evaluates the extent to which out-of-pocket costs have fallen since the introduction of the Safety Net and examines the impact of the policy on the level of service use, the amount of benefits paid by government and fees charged by medical providers. Methods: Regression modelling of time series data was used to examine whether there have been significant changes in levels of service use, fees charged and benefits paid for services provided by specialists in the two-year period following the introduction of the Safety Net. Four speciality fields were examined in this analysis: general specialists? consultations, obstetrics, pathology and diagnostic imaging. Results: The analysis indicates that the introduction of the Safety Net coincided with a substantial rise in public funding for Medicare services and a much smaller reduction in OOP costs. The policy has coincided with a small but significant change in the number of pathology and diagnostic imaging services used and in some specialty areas a substantial increase in the fees charged by providers. The net impact shows that for specialists? consultations every dollar spent on the Medicare Safety Net, $0.68 went towards higher fees and $0.32 went towards reducing OOP costs. The corresponding figures for diagnostic imaging were $0.74 and $0.26 respectively. Conclusions: The Safety Net was heralded by the government as a fundamental reform in Australia?s Medicare program. Whilst the Safety Net was introduced to help reduce out-of-pocket medical costs, this analysis shows that in its first two years of operation, there has been significant leakage of public funding towards higher provider fees. More research is needed using longer term data to assess the impact of the policy on patient and provider behaviour more widely, including examining the policy?s impact on those who did qualify for Safety Net and those who did not, as well as more disaggregated analysis of different Medicare services.


In the implementation of the trinity of languages ??needed is a psychological study of formation of language (language and speech) abilities primary school children, as well as readiness for their development at the level of thinking.


1. A method of treating a mammal suffering from one or more negative effects of excessive exposure to metal - contaminant comprising administering to expose to the mammal a therapeutically effective amount of trientine or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, wherein the metal - contaminant includes at least one metal, selected from the group consisting of metals from groups IA, IIA, VIB, VIIB, VIII, IB, IIB, IIIA, IVA, VA, VIA, of the family of lanthanides and the actinide series of the periodic table, and said at kr yney least one metal is other than copper. ! 2. The method of claim 1, wherein said at least one metal selected from the group consisting of mercury, nickel, bismuth, palladium, zinc, cadmium, lead, cobalt, chromium, iron, silver and cesium. ! 3. The method of claim 1, wherein said at least one metal is palladium. ! 4. The method of claim 1, wherein said at least one metal is cobalt. ! 5. The method of claim 1, wherein said at least one metal is a radioactive isotope. ! 6. The method of claim 2, wherein said at least one metal is a radioactive isotope. ! 7. The method of claim 1, wherein said at least one metal is a radioactive metal isotope selected from the group consisting of americium, californium, cobalt, iridium, palladium, plutonium, polonium, and uranium. ! 8. The method of claim 7, wherein said at least one metal is polonium. ! 9. The method of claim 1, wherein said administration is performed enterally. ! 10. The method of claim 1, wherein said administration is performed parenterally. ! 11. The method of claim 1, wherein said


In the framework of density functional theory we show that a chlorine (Cl) atom prefers residing at the surface of silicon nanocrystals (Si NCs) in single coordination, passivating a Si atom. The surface of Si NCs is covered by H in a very Cl-poor environment, while it may be covered by both H and Cl in a less Cl-poor environment. The Cl coverage increases with the increase of the chemical potential of Cl. At rather high Cl coverage the NC structure is distorted. The band-edge recombination rates of Cl-passivated Si NCs may be significantly larger than that of completely H-passivated ones.


Simple Summary Nowadays, aquaculture is the main source of fish for consumers, and its demand is constantly increasing. The diet of these fish requires protein for their growth, which is traditionally obtained from natural fish stocks. In recent years, efforts have been made to replace these feed ingredients with insect-derived meals, but it is necessary to investigate their impact on the growth and health status of the fish. In this study, two insect meals of Tenebrio molitor larvae reared in conventional substrates or substrates enriched with medicinal/aromatic plants (MAPs) were supplemented (10%) as fish meal replacements in the diets of gilthead seabream. After 12 weeks of experimental feeding, hematological and biochemical tests were conducted, revealing specific modulations in white blood cell and blood signal transduction patterns in the fish subjected to each experimental diet in relation to the new feed ingredients. Abstract This work assesses the dietary use of two insect meals of Tenebrio molitor (TM) larvae reared in conventional (TM-10) or MAP-enriched substrates (MAP-TM-10) as fish meal replacements (10%) in the diets of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata). Fish (n = 4500; 207.19 ± 1.47 g) were divided into three groups with triplicates: control (fed conventional diet), TM-10, and MAP-TM-10 groups. The fish were reared in floating cages for 12 weeks and the dietary effects on white blood cell activation, heat shock proteins, MAPKs, and apoptosis of the fish were evaluated. The MAP-TM-10 group exhibited the highest eosinophilic induction. Phosphorylated levels of p38 MAPK, p44/42 MAPK, HSP70, and HSP90 increased in the TM-10 and MAP-TM-10 groups. In terms of apoptosis, Bax levels were lower in the TM groups compared to the control, and the MAP-TM-10 group showed even lower levels than the TM-10 group. Bcl-2 levels increased in the TM-10 group compared to the control, and further increased in the MAP-TM-10 group. The Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, an apoptosis indicator, decreased in the TM groups, with the MAP-TM-10 group showing a further decrease compared to TM-10. These findings suggest that insects' breeding substrate being enriched with MAPs modulated the effect of TM on cellular stress and apoptosis.


From studying the relationship between firm's social capital and ST innovation,it puts out the concept model and theoretical hypotheses;it also analyzes the relationship between them through questionnaire investigation with a sample of 210 firms and by the method of multi-regression analysis.


Safety monitoring in Three Gorges project is a systems engineering of long period,wide profession range,multi-sites,highly automation of complicated technology.This article introduced the planning,control,management and coordination in the su-pervision process of safety monitoring system construction.The result proved that the supervision model in the Three Gorges Project was creative in which project contracts were made the main line while quality management was the key issue.Furthermore,it played an important role in on-time construction,data collection and analysis of the safety monitoring system.