Rabies surveillance is vital for any rabies elimination program (see also section 1.5. and read more here). Adequate and efficient rabies surveillance helps to put and maintain the disease on the agenda of public and veterinary health authorities. In regions of the world where rabies is still a neglected disease it is the key link in a chain what is called the "circle of neglect". Unfortunately, many countries in Africa and Asia are confronted with this situation. Breaking the 'circle of (...)


Abstract In this paper, I examine high‐income country motives for restricting immigration. Abundant evidence suggests that allowing labor to move from low‐income to high‐income countries would yield substantial gains in global income. Yet, most high‐income countries impose strict limits on labor inflows and set their admission policies unilaterally. Making immigration more attractive would require creating mechanisms that limit the negative impacts of labor inflows on natives. Fiscal distortions create an incentive for receiving countries to screen immigrants according to their perceived economic impact. For high‐skilled immigrants, screening can be based on educational degrees and professional credentials, which are relatively easy to observe. For low‐skilled immigrants, illegal immigration represents an imperfect but increasingly common screening device. For policy‐makers in labor‐importing nations, the modest benefits freer immigration brings may simply not be worth the political hassle. To induce high‐income countries to lower border barriers, they need to get more out of the bargain.


In order to age thermally upgraded kraft paper immersed in insulating oil without aging the oil, an "aging device" was built in which a copper electric resistance was covered with insulating paper and the setup was immersed in insulating oil contained in a vessel. The oil was water cooled to keep its temperature below 60° C, while paper's temperature was raised up to 500 °C. The experiment allowed the determination of the CO2/CO rate variation against aging time and temperature. The generation of other decomposition products, namely furan compounds, methanol and ethanol was also determined against aging time and temperature. Paper aging status was also determined through degree of polymerization (DP). The aging of oil was also monitored.


Forecasting of COVID-19 daily confirmed cases has been one of the several challenges posed on the governments and health sectors on a global scale. To facilitate informed public health decisions, the concerned parties rely on short-term daily projections generated via predictive modeling. We calibrate stochastic variants of growth models and the standard SIR model into one Bayesian framework to evaluate their short-term forecasts. In summary, it was noted that none of the models proved to be golden standards across all the regions in their entirety, while all outperformed ARIMA in a predictive capacity as well as in terms of interpretability.


Title BEM-II: An Arithmetic Boolean Expression Manipulator Using BDDs (Special Section on VLSI Design and CAD Algorithms) Author(s) Minato, Shin-ichi Citation IEICE transactions on fundamentals of electronics, communications and computer sciences, E76(A10): 1721-1729 Issue Date 1993-10-25 Doc URL http://hdl.handle.net/2115/47467 Rights copyright©1993 IEICE Type article File Information 58_IEICE76_1721.pdf


Subject: To investigate the effects of stir-fried bamboo shoots on serum lipidemia and lipid peroxidation in hyperlipidemic rats, to provide a scientific base for the application of bamboo shoots in daily diet. Method: Hyperlipidemic rats were fed with feed stuffs added stir-fried bamboo shoots for 30 days. Then TG, TC and HDL-c level, and activity of SOD, activity of GSH-Px in serum, and MDA level in testes were all assayed. Results: Comparing with control, TC and TG level in serum of stir-fried bamboo shoots group significantly decrease, and MDA level in testes decreases significantly also. The activity of SOD, and activity of GSH-Px in serum also inciease significantly .Conclusion: stir-fried bamboo shoots can improve the serum lipidemia in hyperlipidemic rats, and have the effect of anti-peroxide activity.


The microstructure and disaccommodation of the magnetic susceptibility for micro- and polycrystalline Fe-6.5%Si samples (with initially different order) aged at 973 K were studied. It is stated that ageing the sample in which initially the short range order occurrs, leads to the appearance of the Fe 7 Si structure. This is accompanied by the increase of the disaccommodation amplitude. The isochronal disaccommodation curves were decomposed into five elementary processes and their activation energies were calculated.


ABSTRACT Snow cover is an important component of the cryosphere, and the study on spatial and temporal variations of snow cover is essential for understanding the consequences and impacts of climate change and water resources management. In this study, the temporal variation of snow-covered area (SCA) and spatial variability of snow-cover frequency (SCF) on Tibet is analysed based on the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)/Terra snow cover product (MOD10A2) from 2000 to 2015, and relationships with main climate variables are investigated. Results are as follows: (1) there is a very weak decreasing trend in annual mean SCA, and a slight increasing trend in autumn and winter and a slight decreasing trend in spring and more robust decreasing trend in summer for SCA are found. (2) The temporal variation of SCA is negatively correlated with temperature, whereas it is little correlated with corresponding precipitation. (3) The general trend of spatial SCF variation on Tibet, predominated by snow-cover variations in spring and autumn, tends to decrease in spring while it tends to increase in autumn. (4) The spatial variability of SCF is attributed to snow-cover variations in autumn and spring, which is more obvious in higher latitudes in autumn while it is more noticeable in lower-latitude southeastern plateau in spring. (5) The regions with higher variability of snow cover are main pastoral land and more prone to snow-related disaster in Tibet, becoming key zone of snow-cover monitoring and disaster prevention and mitigation.


Becauseofitspotentialhealth-beneficialeffectsflaxseedhasrecentlyexperienced a renaissance. In former times flaxseed was used as a traditional household remedy for example in the treatment and prevention of constipation, as a deterrent against cough and as a therapeutic agent against gastritis. Today interest in flaxseed has increased because of some potentially anti-arteriosclerotic and anti-carcinogenic effects. It is suggested that these effects are due in particular to the high content of plant lignans, fiber and x -3 fatty acids. At present however, sufficient evidence does not exist to fully confirm beneficial effects of flaxseed intake in this regard. In the context of the HEILEI-study 19 women were supplemented daily with 20 g ground flaxseed over an eight week period. Effects on serum and urinary entero-lignan levels, as well as on different parameters of lipid metabolism were examined.


The invention provides a gas turbine combined cycle facility and a water-surface facility. The gas turbine combined cycle (GTCC) facility (10A) provided with gas turbine units (20), heat recovery steam generators (30) for recovering heat and producing steam from exhaust gas produced by the gas turbine units (20), and exhaust ducts (32) for guiding the exhaust gas of the gas turbine units (20) to the heat recovery steam generators (30). At least some of the heat recovery steam generators (30) are disposed in the same plane as the gas turbine units (20), and the heat recovery steam generators (30) are disposed side-by-side so that the direction in which exhaust gas flows in the heat recovery steam generators (30) is parallel to the axial direction of the turbines of the gas turbine units (20).


The right preparation program can go a long way toward improving the cultural leadership skills of beginning principals. Here's an outline for such a program.


A new complementary element based on half-mode substrate integrated waveguide (HMSIW) cavity and loaded monopole technology is presented. By slightly breaking the shorting wall of the HMSIW cavity and loading a printed monopole, the resonance characteristics of the HMSIW cavity can be made intact while the additional monopole can be excited. The open edge of the HMSIW cavity is equivalent to a magnetic current. This equivalent magnetic current is orthogonal to the electric current introduced by the monopole, thus they form a pair of complementary sources. Because the backward radiation of the complementary sources can be canceled out, a remarkable unidirectional radiation performance is achieved. To improve the symmetry of the radiation pattern and enhance the antenna gain, a cascaded cavity array is then studied. By alternately connecting the complementary elements, all equivalent magnetic currents of the HMSIW cavities and all electric currents of the monopoles can work in-phase, thus a broadside radiation can be achieved. In this communication, a $1\times 5$ array based on the proposed complementary element and a corresponding array based on the classical HMSIW cavity cell are comparatively analyzed. It is found that the impedance characteristics and radiation gain of the HMSIW cavity can be kept intact by the proposed structure. Meanwhile, a 20 dB enhancement in front-to-back ratio can be attained.


A comparison between Encarsia formosa GAHAN and Encarsia transvena (TIMBERLAKE), the parasitoids of the tobacco whitefly Bemisia tabaci (GENNADIUS), was made by conducting laboratory experiments on host instar choice and functional response to host density. E. formosa preferred young instar B. tabaci larvae such as the second instar ones and old instar larvae such as the fourth instar for host feeding. E. transvena preferred fourth instars both for host feeding and oviposition. When fourth instars were used, the functional response of the parasitoids followed a saturation type curve in which E. formosa was superior to E. transvena both in host feeding and oviposition.


The Indonesian government conduct several strategies to enhance the SOE's performance. However, some financial indicators show that reform program has not optimally achieved the objective to enhance the SOE performance. Therefore this paper is aimed to discuss some underlying factors that influence the SOE performance. As a result, the study found that contribution of Indonesia SOEs to economy is relatively low and stagnant. Besides that, many SOEs have not yet operated optimally. The regression result show the financial condition of the SOE is getting better when it have higher ability to generate profits and pay off debts. In addition, ability to pay off the debts is more important to maintain the financial performance of SOEs, than ability to generate profit. This study also indicate inefficiency in managing employee and policy formulation in Indonesia's SOE.


early English Anabaptist beliefs is dependable—particularly his stress on their adhering to the ideas of the Seven Articles of Schleitheim (1527) as well as Melchiorite Christology. What is front and center in Pleysier's book, and what makes it very readable, is his detailed retelling of the very brutal religious politics of the court of Henry VIII following the king's decision to rid himself of Catherine of Aragon. This led to Henry's well-known break with Rome, but it did not lead, during Henry's reign, to a protestant England. The royal council was divided, almost equally, between persons who wanted to uphold Catholic orthodoxy and persons willing to explore the doctrines taught at Wittenberg. Whether the one or the other group was ascendant was a result of Henry's maneuvers in the world of European war and diplomacy among the Habsburgs, the French, and the Schmalkaldic League. The German Lutherans of the Schmalkaldic League were only needed to block an invasion of England by Charles V and Francis I to restore papal supremacy. At times when this was not a danger Henry tended towards Catholic orthodoxy in doctrine. Both factions in the royal council were supply accommodating to their royal master's doctrinal twists and turns. For instance, the doctrine of transubstantiation was always insisted upon—if you denied it, or could plausibly be suspected of not believing it, you went to the stake. Those burned at the stake for denial of transubstantiation were labeled "Anabaptist heretics." Thus, in the last years of Henry VIII's reign Anne Askew (whom Pleysier correctly describes as a Sacramentarian) was executed for not having a credible belief in transubstantiation. English Anabaptism was always a murky shadow behind the brutal "religious" carrying-ons that resulted from Henry's version of royal monogamy.


Stand alone renewable energy based on photovoltaic systems accompanied with battery storage system are beginning to play an important role over the world to supply power to remote areas. The objective of the study reported in this paper is to elaborate and design a bond graphs model for sizing standalone domestic solar photovoltaic electricity systems and simulating the performance of the systems in a tropical climate. The systems modelled consist of an array of PV modules, a lead-acid battery, and a number of direct current appliances. This paper proposes the combination of lead acid battery system with a typical stand alone photovoltaic energy system under variable loads. The main activities of this work purpose to establish library graphical models for each individual component of standalone photovoltaic system. Control strategy has been considered to achieve permanent power supply to the load via photovoltaic/battery based on the power available from the sun. The complete model was simulated under two testing including sunny and cloudy conditions. Simulation of the system using Symbols software was performed and the results of simulation show the superior stable control system and high efficiency. These results have been contrasted with real measured data from a measurement campaign plant carried on electrical Modeling, Design and Simulation of Stand-Alone Photovoltaic Power Systems with Battery Storage Abd Essalam BADOUD and Mabrouk KHEMLICHE 124 engineering laboratory of Grenoble using various interconnection schemes are presented.


A weakly non-linear stability analysis of two phase flow in the Blasius boundary layer has been carried out. Two mathematical models have been established based on the perturbation shape preserved assumption and linear stability model of two phase flow proposed by Stuart [On the non-linear mechanics of hydrodynamic stability, J. Fluid Mech. 4 (1958) 1–21] and Saffman [On the stability of laminar flow of dusty gas, J. Fluid Mech. 13 (1962) 120–128], respectively. The perturbation model and the perturbation energy balance equation are solved numerically with Chebyshev spectral method and artificial boundary condition. The numerical program adopted in the present study is verified by comparison with former works. The results show that the non-linear interaction between mean flow and perturbation reduces the growth rate of perturbation, while the non-linear interaction between particle phase and gas phase increases the growth rate of perturbation amplitude. The distortion of the mean flow caused by the Reynolds stress modifies the rate of transfer of energy from the mean flow to disturbance. The existence of particle alleviates the distortedness. The result also indicates that the weakly non-linear stability theory is consistent to linear stability theory, and the addition of fine and coarse particles reduces and increases the critical Reynolds number.


The invention discloses (R,R)-formoterol powder inhalation which is composed of carrier powders and (R,R)-formoterol medicine carrier powders; wherein, the content of the medicine carrier powders is 5 percent to 80 percent (w/w), and the particulate diameter of at least 90 percent (w/w) of powder particulate is smaller than 10Mum; the content of the carrier powders is 20 percent to 95 percent (w/w), and the particulate diameter of at least 80 percent (w/w) of powder particulate is smaller than 40Mum to 100Mum. The powder inhalation of the invention is prepared by the follower steps: 1) preparing the carrier powders with a solvent crystallization method; 2) preparing the medicine carrier powders with a spray drying method; 3) mixing the medicine carrier powders and the carrier powders to obtain the preparation. The power inhalation of the invention has favorable fluidity and lower moisture-absorptivity; the preparation method is easy to operate, the cost is low, and the invention solves the problem of great disparity between main drug and auxiliary material.


The invention provides a composite energy storage and supply device via thermochemical temperature swing adsorption combined cold-heat supply, belonging to the energy technical field. The device comprises a low-grade residual heat device, a thermochemical pressure swing desorption composite energy storage device, a thermochemical temperature swing adsorption combined cold-heat supply device, two refrigerant regulating valves, a condenser and a heat exchange coil pipe for the condenser, wherein, the low-grade residual heat device is connected with the thermochemical pressure swing desorption composite energy storage device; the thermochemical pressure swing desorption composite energy storage device is connected with the inlet of a first refrigerant regulating valve; the outlet of the first refrigerant regulating valve is connected with the inlet of the condenser; the outlet of the condenser is connected with the inlet of a second refrigerant regulating valve; the exit of the second refrigerant regulating valve is connected with the thermochemical temperature swing adsorption combined cold-heat supply device; and the condenser is internally equipped with the heat exchange coil pipe for the condenser. The device is applied to energy quality improvement of low-grade residual heat/industrial waste heat and efficient recovery; and the device has the advantages of strong temperature-rise capability, high stored energy density, composite storage of heat and refrigerating capacity, and combined cold-heat supply.


The quality of instruments and surgical expertise in minimally invasive surgery has developed markedly in the last two decades. Attention is now being turned to ways to allow surgeons to adopt more cost‐effective and environmental‐friendly approaches. This review explores current evidence on the cost and environmental impact of reusable versus single‐use instruments. In addition, we aim to compare their quality, functionality and associated clinical outcomes.


A personalised information and advice sheet for subjects with coronary artery disease was given to 120 consecutive patients leaving the Coronary Care Ward, Frenchay Hospital, after treatment for myocardial infarction. 5—10 months after discharge the 107 surviving patients were sent a letter enquiring about the benefits and weaknesses of this. Of 100 patients who replied, 97 said that the subject was fully covered and 98 that the sheet was helpful. Nevertheless, 14 found some topics difficult to understand and 13 found some worrying. The commoner problems were about fear and insecurity on leaving the ward, exactly how much physical exertion could be safely carried out, and how to cope with chest pains, particularly angina.


Accompanying the continuous increase in wind power penetration, the power system inertia is reduced, and the system frequency regulation performance deteriorates. Wind turbine generators are required to participate in primary frequency regulation (PFR) to support system frequency. Here, the PFR capability of the widely-used doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) is evaluated to estimate the participation of the DFIG in system frequency control. The frequency regulation model of the DFIG is established and briefly discussed. The equivalent PFR droop coefficient is then deduced from the model using a small signal increment method to evaluate the DFIG's PFR capability. Key factors affecting the equivalent droop coefficient are studied, and the droop control is optimized to keep the equivalent droop coefficient in the desired range. The proposed method is verified utilizing a provincial power grid model of China.


Abstract This article examines the cultural and ecological history of a single Maya territory from circa 1000 B.C. to A.D. 1100. An ancient Maya territory is defined as an area of land and population under the jurisdiction of a particular capital. In addition to the capital, there are minor centers, household groups, and temporary settlements, which together comprise the population of a territory. Here, the San Bartolo-Xultun territory in the northeastern Department of the Peten, Guatemala is used as a case study. During more than two thousand years of occupation the natural landscape and cultural settlement pattern changed dramatically. This study isolates major factors contributing to broad changes in local culture history by employing data from archaeology, geography, remote sensing, epigraphy, and iconography. It is argued that reconstructing regional culture histories using a conjunctive approach should be a major goal of Maya archaeology in the coming years as we strive for a more holistic understanding of the past.


It is described in brief on the principle of flameproof electrical equipment and introduced the design method and requirements on flameproof control box.


The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) has led to a pandemic situation. According to the WHO classification, COVID-19 patients could be classified with severity as uncomplicated illness, mild pneumonia, severe pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), sepsis, and septic shock [1]. China has controlled the situation and thousands of patients had been discharged. We noticed that most patients of severe pneumonia or ARDS had post-inflammatory pulmonary fibrosis (PPF) during follow-up after the cure of COVID-19. Here we report a case of PPF resulting from COVID-19 effectively treated with Pirfenidone, an antifibrosis medication.


Abstract  The Huogeqi orefield located on the northern side of Mt. Langshan, Inner Mongolia occurs in the Middle Proterozoic Langshan Group metamorphic rocks, and the orebodies are stratiform. In the past twenty years, many Chinese geologists have conducted researches on the Huogeqi Cu‐Pb‐Zn deposit, but there has been still a controversy on its origin. Some advocate that the deposit is of sedimentary‐metamorphic reworking origin, some hold that it is of sea‐floor SEDEX origin, and others have a preference for magmatic superimposition origin. The crux of the controversy is that there is no common understanding about the source of ore‐forming materials. In this paper, the Pb isotopic compositions of regional Achaean‐Early Proterozoic basement rocks, various types of sedimentary‐metamorphic rocks and volcanic rocks in the mining district, Late Proterozoic and Hercynian magmatic rocks are introduced and compared with the ore‐lead composition, so as to constrain the source of the ore lead. The result indicates that (1) sulfides in the ores have homogeneous Pb isotopic compositions, showing a narrow variation range. Their 206Pb/204Pb ratios are within a range of 17.027–17.317; 207Pb/204Pb ratios, 15.451–15.786 and 208Pb/204Pb ratios, 36.747–37.669; (2) the Pb isotopic compositions of the regional Achaean‐Early Proterozoic basement rocks are characteristic of the old Pb isotopic composition at the early‐stage evolution of the Earth, which varies over a wider range, reflecting significant differences in Pb isotopic compositions of the ores. All this indicates that the source of ore lead has no bearing on the basement rocks; (3) the sedimentary‐metamorphic rocks in the mining district are characterized by highly variable and more radiogenic Pb isotopic compositions and their Pb isotopic ratios are obviously higher than those of ores, demonstrating that ore lead did not result from metamorphic reworking of these rocks; (4) Pb isotopic compositions of Late Proterozoic diorite‐gabbro and Hercynian granite are higher than those of ores. Meanwhile, the Pb isotopic compositions of sulfides in the small‐sized strata‐penetrating mineralized veinlets formed at later stages are completely consistent with that of sulfides in stratiform‐banded ores, suggesting that these veinlets are the product of autochthonous reworking of the stratiform‐banded ores during the period of metamorphism and the late magmatic superimposition‐mineralization can be excluded; (5) amphibolite, whose protolith is basic volcanic rocks, has the same Pb isotopic compositions as ores, implying that ore lead was derived probably from basic volcanism. So, the source of ore‐forming materials for the Huogeqi deposit is like that of the volcanic massive sulfide (VMS) deposits. However, the orebodies do not occur directly within the volcanic rocks, and instead they overlie the volcanic rocks, showing some differences from those typical VMS‐type deposits.


Actual measurement has been conducted of a large ensemble vibration screen by use of test model analysis technology and the method that is vibration is excited at one point and the vibrating is picked up at multipoint and the estimation method relying on minimum two - fold index parameter of time domain is also used. From these, the fixed frequency of vibrating screen, damping ratio and type of vibrating is obtained. Initial conclusion can be drawn from detail analysis carried on main vibrating type at each stage, which will be provided as reference for dynamic design of vibrating screen or dynamic improvement for vibrating screen.


To determine whether race influenced preference for the colors black and white by infants and young children a color preference test was administered to 160 subjects who attended day-care centers and who ranged in age from 6 mo. to 4.5 yr. There were equal numbers of males and females and equal numbers of Afro- and Euro-American subjects. Ages of the subjects were controlled so there were 20 subjects in each 6-mo. age interval. Data were obtained from a 12-item test. The test utilized 6 pairs of toys which were identical except one was black and the other was white. The toy a subject selected was considered that subject's preference and the color of that toy was recorded. A two-way analysis of variance and a regression analysis indicated that, as a group, race affected color preference. Age differences did not produce the same effect for Euro-Americans as for Afro-Americans. As age increased, young Afro-American subjects showed a clear increase in their preference for the color white. A corresponding analysis for Euro-Americans did not show a significant change in color preference with an increase in age.


To probe into the effect of preventing infant vitamin K deficiency bleeding(VKDB) with the intervention of vitamin K taken by pregnant women,Lactating mothers and infant. Pregnant women take vitamin K 1 10mg per day from 38 weeks to delivery;lactating mother take vitamin K 1 10mg/10days from delivery for 10 times;infants take vitamin K 1 2.5mg/10days from birth for 10 times.Pregnant women's vein blood, infant umbilical cord blood and lactating mother's milk and infant's vein blood collected respectively for assay of vitamin K 1 and protein induced by vitamin K absence Ⅱ(PIVKA Ⅱ). Vitamin K 1 taken by pregnant women and Lactation mother both could improve the levels of vitamin K 1 in mother's vein blood and milk and reduce to the positive rate of PIVKA Ⅱ in neonate's cord blood. But the affects on PIVKA Ⅱ in pregnant women and infant were much effective during the 3 groups. [Conclusion] There were effects on improving infant's vitamin K nutrition in 3 groups,but all 3 ways be jioned together would have a better protective results.


Evolutionary algorithms were originally designed to locate basins of optimum solutions in a stationary environment. Therefore, additional techniques and modifications have been introduced to deal with further requirements such as handling dynamic fitness functions or finding multiple optima. In this paper, we present a new approach for building evolutionary algorithms that is based on concepts borrowed from social behaviour evolution. Algorithms built with the proposed paradigm operate on a population of individuals that move in the search space as they interact and form groups. The interaction follows a set of social behaviours evolved by each group to enhance its adaptation to the environment (and other groups) and to achieve different desirable goals such as finding multiple optima, maintaining diversity, or tracking a moving peak in a changing environment. Each group has two sets of behaviours: one for intra-group interactions and one for inter-group interactions. These behaviours are evolved using mathematical models from the field of evolutionary game theory. This paper describes the proposed paradigm and starts studying it characteristics by building a new evolutionary algorithm and studying its behavior. The algorithm has been tested using a benchmark problem generator with promising initial results, which are also reported.


Shanghai created Zhang Ailing and Zhang Ailing even created Shanghai.Unfortunate childhood,declining family and turbulent situation created her complex inner contradiction,which caused her pessimism in spirit and influenced her literature style.


PURPOSE: A building management service providing method using a smart apparatus is provided to rapidly and accurately transmit management schedules and business directions by transmitting the business direction to a worker terminal according to a management schedule received from a manager terminal. CONSTITUTION: A service providing server which provides a building management service receives the management schedule for a building from a manager terminal(S200). The daily work of a worker, work processing method, or directions received from the manager terminal are transmitted to the manager terminal(S400). Work processing results are stored by receiving the work processing results from the manager terminal(S500). The work processing result is transmitted to the manager terminal(S600).


A whole mathematical model of the light path transferring system of depolarization interferometric fiber-optic gyroscope (D-I-FOG) is first established by making use of Jones matrix. Based on the model mentioned above, a theoretic analysis on the optical path polarization is made, the influences of each apparatus on polarization noise are discussed, and furthermore, the function of the fiber depolarizer is especially presented. At last, an expression of the highest polarization error is acquired, and that the fiber depolarizer should attain the precision is calculated in the interference fiber-optic gyroscope with different precision levels, which establishes a foundation for decreasing the zero drift of fiber-optic gyroscope.


The importance of ecological factors such as sex lability, spatial segregation, and resource allocation in the evolution of dioecy were examined in Schiedea globosa. S. globosa is a subdioecious species with equal numbers of plants possessing strictly male or female function and a small proportion of hermaphrodites. The propensity for labile sex expression was under both environmental and genetic control; some plants with male function became hermaphroditic (by producing female flowers) under better growing conditions in the field and in the greenhouse. There was some spatial segregation of the sexes. Because of sex lability, more hermaphrodites than males occurred on moister slopes. Although there were not measurable sex-related differences in mortality within or between two flowering seasons, more females than males and hermaphrodites occurred at the bottom of slopes. Males and females produced the same number of ramets and inflorescences, but females had a greater number of flowers per inflorescence. Males and females had the same number of ovules (vestigial in males), but females had larger ovules and longer stigmas. Hermaphrodites and males had the same amount of pollen per flower despite the production of fruit by the hermaphrodites. In hermaphrodites, there was no apparent tradeoff within flowers between pollen production and ovule production. These results indicate that spatial segregation, sex lability, and environmental conditions influence allocation patterns of S. globosa, and in combination with high inbreeding depression and selfing rates, may promote


Zn0.95−xCo0.05CuxO (atomic ratio, x = 0—8%) thin films are fabricated on Si(111) substrate by reactive magnetron sputtering method. Detailed characterizations indicate that the doped Cu ions substitute the Zn ions in ZnO lattice. The doped Cu ions are in +1 and +2 mixture valent state. The ferromagnetism of the Zn0.95−xCo0.05CuxO film increases gradually with the increase of the Cu ion concentration till x = 6%, but decreases for higher Cu concentration. Experimental results indicate that the increase of ferromagnetism is not owing to the magnetic contribution of Cu ions themselves, but owing to the enhancement of magnetic interaction between Co ions, which suggests that p-type doping of Cu ions plays an important role in mediating the ferromagnetic coupling between Co ions.


Engineering combined with personnel training mode the advance,the development and improvement of professional competence of teachers continue to put forward new demands.Which teachers accept the new concept of vocational education is very important for the practice Titles Evaluation and teaching team building,perfect in this process to ensure the continuous development of teachers' professional competence.


The author presents an approach to process-level modeling. Behavioral models are represented using the Process Model Graph (PMG) notation, which dictates a structured approach to model development. Because constituent processes are retrieved from a process primitive library, the system provides for code reuse at the process level and rapid model development. Super nodes are used to represent complicated PMGs in high level graphs. This approach has been implemented in a tool, the Modeler's Assistant, which has also been a useful framework for behavioral test generation, timing insertion, and natural language interfaces.


Machine-type communications (MTC) have the potential to generate a myriad of connection requests in a short period. Using cellular networks to provide MTC connectivity presents numerous advantages such as coverage, roaming support, well-developed charging, QoS, security solutions, among others. Nevertheless, critical problems like congestion and overload of radio access and core networks need to be addressed for efficient cellular MTC. In LTE-A, the physical random access channel (PRACH) is used by MTC devices (UEs) to access the network. For doing so, a UE randomly chooses a preamble from a pool of preambles and transmits it during the PRACH. The evolved Node B (eNB) acknowledges the successful reception of a preamble if only one UE transmits that preamble. To increase the success rate of a massive number of access attempts is necessary to design congestion control schemes. For that, the key piece of information is the total number of UEs competing in the PRACH. To estimate this number at the eNB, we find the joint probability distribution function (PDF) of the number of successful and collided preambles within a random access slot. Then, we design a maximum likelihood estimator using this PDF. To further improve our estimation, we propose an iterative approach. Numerical results showcase the accuracy and usefulness of the proposed method even if the number of access attempts is significant.


Project: Modeling of charge transport in amorphous semiconductors with application to medical imaging Description: Impact ionization in amorphous semiconductors is an unusual phenomenon with promising applications and challenges for the theory. Our current focus is on modeling of this phenomenon in amorphous selenium taking into account its electronic structure and interaction of charge carriers with lattice vibrations. You will be involved in creation of algorithms, programming, performing calculations, and data processing. You will be introduced to the density functional theory, which is a state of the art technique in theoretical solid state physics. Students inspired by our research program are welcome to stay for their Master thesis. Students accepted into the summer program are encouraged to present a seminar by the end of the term. Qualification: Undergraduate students in Physics or Engineering (university program) with a good background in physics and programming. A potential candidate should comply with the NSERC eligibility criteria (see http://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/Students-Etudiants/UGPC/USRA-BRPC_eng.asp for details). Basic knowledge of solid state physics and principles of quantum mechanics is appreciated, though it is not mandatory.


himself called upon to rebuke counsel on this account. He has reserved his decision. Until that decision has been given, we are debarred from commenting on the case. At this stage the Leader of the Opposition has defied all rules of .dicial conduct by ineluding this small incident in the context of a 'motion of censure on the Premier and his Government. The Speaker pointed out that any discussion' on the Ratten ease, which was sub judice, would be out of order. Mr. Lyons endeavoured to attack the Premier on the ground that, while the Government had undertaken to pay the expenses incurred by the Medical Council in connexion with the prosecution, the application to assist the defendant had been refused. No mention is made in the motion of the fact that Sir Walter Lee actually promised to pay Victor Richard Ratten's expenses in the event of a verdict in his favour. It is strange how far this simple matter has been dragged and how unnecessarily complicated it has become by political interference. The action of the Leader of the Opposition is, however, not a very serious matter, for the Ratten case was obviously utilized in the absence of a better "peg on which to hang his hat." It pales into insignificance in comparison with a Bill that has been drafted by another Labour member, Mr. Ogilvie: We have learned not to be surprised at anything that the Tasmanian legislators accomplish. It is even possible that this measure may provoke serious debate in Parliament. The Bill, if enacted, would remove the supposed doubts concerning the nature of Ratten's diploma. It declares the diploma to be genuine and forbids it to be questioned directly or indirectly in any court of law or by Royal Commission or in any other manner. No doubt Mr. Ogilvie is so impressed with the power of the Tasmanian Parliament that he includes the High Court of Australia in "any court of law." Under the present administration no sensible medical practitioner would consider a proposal to settle in practice in the island State, notwithstanding its many attractions. If the Government is successful in attracting medical practitioners from unknown American medical colleges to carry out the public medical work in the chief cities, the community will some day awaken from its lethargy and ask itself why Australian practitioners of good repute are not entrusted with the care of the sick poor. Until Parliament desists from interfering in matters of professional import, we shall consider it to be our duty to warn our graduates against applying for positions in Hobart and Launceston. • THE· BACILLI OF DIPHTHERIA.


A review of literature over the last two decades suggests that the letter to Titus is inching away from the suffocating influence of the Timothean correspondence. Caged together with 1 and 2 Timothy, the individual voice of Titus went largely unappreciated. This trend is in decline. For example, scholars are now investigating the theology and structure 'of Titus' rather than of 'the Pastorals'. Furthermore, even in terms of methodological interests, there seems to be a transition with at least one article applying rhetorical analysis to the text. This overview surveys these trends by engaging critically with the literature, highlighting the burgeoning appreciation for the individuality of the letter independent from 1 and 2 Timothy. While the trends are encouraging, the study reveals that comparatively little has been done. Put differently, it is hoped that this overview will stimulate further interest in the letter to Titus.


OBJECTIVE To explore the effects of Fuzheng huayu recipe on schistosoma japanicum liver fibrosis and investigate its of mechanism of action involving in Schistosoma japanicom liver fibrosis.METHODS 45 BALB/C mice were divided into 3 groups,normal group(n=15),infected group(n=15) and treated group(n=15).The infected group and treated group were infected by(20±1) cercarie of Schistosoma japonicum per mouse.8 weeks later,the schistosomal liver fibrosis models were successfully induced.The mices of treated group were treated by intragastric administration with Fuzheng huayu recipe 4.6 g·(kg·d)-1 for 8 weeks.After 8 weeks of treatment,hepatic pathological changes and collagen fibers deposition were observed by HE staining and Masson staining.Immunohistochemistry was used to measure the expression and location of α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA),transforming growth factor-beta 1(TGF-β1) and angiotensin Ⅱ type 1 receptor(AT1R).The expression levels of α-SMA mRNA,TGF-β1 mRNA and AT1R mRNA were measured by quantitative RT-PCR.RESULTS Compared with the infected group,liver pathological damage in treated group were reduced.Area of collagen liver and area of eggs granulomatous nodule in the treated group(0.15±0.02) mm2 and(0.12±0.04) mm2,respectively) was significantly less than those in the infected group(0.29±0.03) mm2(P0.05);(0.23±0.06) mm2(P0.05),respectively).Immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR showed that in the treated group α-SMA,TGF-β1,AT1R expression in the liver tissue was significantly lower than that of the infected group(P0.05).CONCLUSION Fuzheng huayu recipe may inhibit liver fibrosis progression due to schistosoma japanicum in BALB/C mice and its mechanism may be associated with downregulation AT1R expression,inhibiting of transcription of TGF-β1,α-SMA,and then reduction of collagen deposition.


We calculate the interaction energy between heavy quark pair in the Hamiltonian formulation of lattice gauge theories. Mean field-variational calculations show that the upper limit of the string tension is zero in the weak coupling region if we use approximate vacuum state of the mean field type. The mean field vacuum is unstable against forming closed flux loops.


Based on the isospin-dependent quantum molecular dynamics model along with the GEMINI model,heavy-ion collisions at intermediate energies are studied. We calculate the production cross sections of different fragments for reactions of112Sn+112Sn and124Sn+124Sn at different beam energies. The species and production cross sections of neutron-rich isotopes are generally dependent on the isospin of the system and the incident energies.The isotopes48 Ca and54Ca are more productive for the neutron-rich system at 30 to 150 Me V/nucleon.


The features of Matlab/Simulink package is introduced,and established the beam pumping unit model using SimMechanics module in Simulink.For one type of unit,a mathematical model is established of crank torque balance,and applied Matlab/Simulink to simulate and research the beam pumping unit.The results show that,it is simple,convenient and prompt to build model in the simulation research of beam pumping unit using Simulink package and it can modify the parameters dynamically and has a strong visibility,which is very helpful to the unit's design,optimization,as well as the development of new energy-saving units.


It applied the methods of literature,experimental measurement etc.and CWISC to evaluating the effect of basic motor ability training on the change of sports games forms,imagination,memory,thinking and integral intelligence quotient of the children with intellectual obstacle.The results show that after the training of basic motor ability such as walking,running,throwing,creeping,standing broad jump,balance etc.,the intelligence of the children with intellectual obstacle has got a certain development,thus promoting their physical and mental health.


To position in the basketball match of free throw being more and more important,how the article is put forward to improve the hit rate method of the free throw and train,offer scientific basis for improving the hit rate of free throw.


For each n in N, let X n = [(X n ) jk ] n j,k=1 be a random Hermitian matrix such that the n 2 random variables √n(X n ) ii , √2nRe((X n ) ij ) i<j , √2n Im((X n ) ij ) i<j are independent, identically distributed, with common distribution μ on R. Let X (1) n ,..., x (r) n be r independent copies of X n and (x 1 ,...,x r ) be a semicircular system in a C*-probability space with a faithful state. Assuming that p is symmetric and satisfies a Poincare inequality, we show that, almost everywhere, for any non commutative polynomial p in r variables, (0.1) lim n→∞ ∥p(X (1) n ,..., X (r) n )∥ = ∥p(x 1 ,..., x r )∥. We follow the method of [10] and [17] which gave (0.1) in the Gaussian (complex, real or symplectic) case. We also get that (0.1) remains true when the X (i) n are Wishart matrices while the x i are Marchenko-Pastur distributed.


The Fast Tracker (FTK) is a proposed upgrade to the ATLAS trigger system that will operate at full Level-1 output rates and provide high quality tracks reconstructed over the entire detector by the start of processing in Level-2. FTK solves the combinatorial challenge inherent to tracking by exploiting the massive parallelism of Associative Memories (AM) that can compare inner detector hits to millions of pre-calculated patterns simultaneously. The tracking problem within matched patterns is further simplified by using pre-computed linearized fitting constants and leveraging fast DSP's in modern commercial FPGA's. Overall, FTK is able to compute the helix parameters for all tracks in an event and apply quality cuts in approximately one millisecond. By employing a pipelined architecture, FTK is able to continuously operate at Level-1 rates without deadtime. The system design is defined and studied using ATLAS full simulation. Reconstruction quality is evaluated for single muon events with zero pileup, as well as WH events at the LHC design luminosity. FTK results are compared with the tracking capability of an offline algorithm.


The present paper describes and illustrates Conlarium indicum, a new species in the family Conlariaceae (Ascomycota). This taxon was isolated as an epiphyte from decaying Bamboo collected from Western Ghats of India. The isolate was identified based on asexual-morphs, cultural characteristics and phylogenetic analyses of partial nuclear ribosomal 28S large subunit (LSU) and complete internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rDNA. Phylogenetic reconstructions based on ITS+LSU sequences show that the new species form independent monophyletic groups and are well separated from previously known seven species of Conlarium viz. C. dupliciascosporum (as duplumascospora), C. aquaticum, C. thailandense, C. sacchari, C. baiseense, C. nanningense and C. subglobosum. This supports the erection of C. indicum as a new species. A brief description of the morphology of C. indicum with morphological and molecular data is provided. To our understanding, the present taxon has turned out to be hitherto unreported.


The structure of the phyllosphere communities and the proportion of different groups of microorganisms on the foliar surface of cattail plants depend on the sampling sites. The Gram-negative bacteria and the yeasts were better represented in the phyllosphere of plants from unpolluted sites. The cocci and the Gram-positive endospore-forming bacteria were more frequently isolated from the foliar surface of plants grown on polluted sites. The partial sequencing of 16S rDNA allows the identification of bacteria belonging to the genera Pseudomonas, Sphingomonas, Curtobacterium, Exi guo bacterium, Psychrobacter, Kocuria and Staphylococcus. Some differences in the metabolic potential of the phyllosphere communities of plants grown in natural and polluted habitats have been detected. The microbial community of unpolluted plants presents preferences for mono-, diand oligosaccharides, while the another community utilizes, besides the saccharides, different aminoacids, organic acids and some complex polymers. The differences detected in the microbial community diversity and physiological activity could be the consequence of the pollution, that induces changes in the composition of leaf exudates released on the foliar surface of plants.


In the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER), the blanket is categorized into the schedule maintenance component and has to be replaced by remote handling technology due to activation by the 14-MeV neutrons during DT operations. The blanket is segmented into a number of modules to facilitate remote operation and requires the welding and cutting of cooling pipes connected to each module from the inside of the pipe due to space constraints. A prototype tool fabricated for branch pipe welding/cutting demonstrates the required mobility for traveling the cooling pipe with a diameter of 102.3 mm and a bent radius of 400 mm, and for accessing to the branch pipe with a diameter of 54.5 mm. The welding and cutting performance has been also tested, including the dependency of laser power, processing speed, and gaps on weldability. In addition, a composite optical fiber composed of a number of thin fibers arranged around a core fiber is also tested for direct viewing of the edge preparation before welding and for monitoring during welding/cutting. This paper describes the test results of the prototype tool performance and of in-pipe access welding and cutting operations.


This little text is here printed for the first time from the Yellow Book of Lecan.) A longer account, though different from the present anecdote, has been published by Kuno Meyer in The Death-Tales of the Ulster Heroes*) In the Tain Bo Flidais, however, there is a similar statement to the effect that the land of CuChulainn was given to Flidais accompanied by Fergus.) Text. Bui Fergus Mac Eoig hi Conachtaib iar marbud mac n-Uislend fora chomairce. Gniid-sium sid fri Concobar iar m-bliadain, 7 gellt ar ferund 7 crodh do, 7 nr.roacht sin do, intan rcrmarb Fergus Troiglethan ar comairce Concobair. Indarbthar-som, iär sin, int'i Fergus hi Conaclitaib fri re so m-bliacfan. Iar n-eg ConCulaind, tucad ferund ConCulewm do Fergus, 7 luid a sein hi Connachtaib for celide, 7 marbais Ailill he .i. Fergus et religua.


The article describes the active equilibrium motion of bed forms, which occurs in rivers during high water periods. The authors consider the relation between an average size of the particles of which little bed-forms (rifles) are formed and an average size of non-cohesive material in case of which armoring is formed in a river. These particles have a diameter of 0.5…0.6 mm. This boundary is associated with different mechanisms of stability loss for smaller particles, for which the probability of weighing is greater than for the larger particles. The article offers the extrapolation of the dependence of the ratio of average speed to critical speed received by V.N. Goncharov at small depths (up to 0.2 m) at the depth of 5 m on the basis of the experiments presented by V. Rijn. It is shown that the ratio of the dynamic speed to its critical value decreases with the increase in the size of alluvial particles, for bed formation and wash moments. For the moments of bed formation reaching the maximum bed height (maximum resistance in the channel) and erosion of the bed-forms was well confirmed by the values of the dimensionless parameter (the ratio of average velocity to hydraulic size taking into account the flow regime) for a particle size of about 1 mm.


Summary Aims – The term "presenteeism" is used to describe workers who are present in the workforce, but who are not functioning at full capacity. The objective of the study was to describe the impact of mood and anxiety disorders on presenteeism in a population sample. Methods – Random digit dialing was used to select a sample of n= 3345 subjects between the ages of 18 and 64. A computer assisted telephone interview that included the Mini Neuropsychiatric Diagnostic Interview (MINI), the Stanford Presenteeism Scale 6 (SPS-6) and a pharmacoepidemiology module was administered. Results – Among subjects with comorbid mood and anxiety disorders 75.0% reported interference with their work compared with only 13.3% of subjects without mood or anxiety disorders. Mood and anxiety disorders were associated with lower presenteeism ratings. Regression analysis uncovered a significant gender by anxiety disorder interaction, indicating that the effect of anxiety disorders was greater in men than women. Conclusions – This is the first study to report the impact of mental disorders on presenteeism in a general population sample. The results confirm that the problem of presenteeism is not restricted to specific occupational groups, but is instead a widespread problem in the general population. Declaration of Interest: This study was funded by the Alberta Depression Initiative through the Institute of Health Economics (www.ihe.ab.ca). Dr. Esposito was supported by an International Resident Fellowship from the University of Calgary. Dr. Patten is a Health Scholar with the Alberta Heritage Foundation for Medical Research and a Fellow with the Institute of Health Economics. Dr. Wang is a New Investigator with the Canadian Institutes for Health Research.


Context. It is well known that from 1645 to 1715 solar activity was notably low and the number of sunspots was extremely reduced. This epoch is known as the Maunder Minimum (MM). The study of stars in prolonged activity minima like the MM could help to shed light on this enigmatic epoch.
Aims. To explore if the star $\zeta^{2}$ Ret, which belongs to a binary system, is in a state similar to the MM. We have collected more than 430 spectra acquired between 2000 and 2019 with the HARPS, REOSC, UVES, and FEROS spectrographs.
Methods. We performed a detailed long-term activity study of both components using the Mount Wilson index, which is obtained from the Ca II H\&K lines. To search for signs of an activity cycle, we analyzed the resulting time-series with the Generalized Lomb-Scargle and CLEAN periodograms.
Results. Our spectroscopic analysis shows a high activity level for zet01 Ret and a significant decrease in the magnetic activity cycle amplitude of $\zeta^{2}$ Ret. Thus, the activity difference between both components has been slightly increased ($\Delta$log (RHK) $\sim$0.24 dex), when compared to the previously reported value. The long series analyzed here allowed us to recalculate and constrain the period of $\zeta^{2}$ Ret to $\sim$7.9 yr. We also detected a long-term activity cycle of $\sim$4.2 yr in $\zeta^{1}$ Ret.
Conclusions. By analogy with the scenario that proposes a weak solar cycle during the MM, we suggest that activity signatures showed by $\zeta^{2}$ Ret, i.e., a very low activity level when compared to its stellar companion, a notably decreasing amplitude ($\sim$47%), and a cyclic behaviour, are possible evidence that this star could be in a MM state. It is, to our knowledge, the first MM candidate star detected through a highly discrepant activity behaviour in a binary system.


This study aimed at quantifying the ratio of the carbon sources C3 (orange juice) and C4 (cane sugar) in orange-based commercial beverages. Orange beverages of 33 different trademarks were isotopically analyzed. Isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) was used to determine the carbon isotopic composition (δ13C). The equations used to quantify the source of carbon C3 and C4 presented correction factors based on the concentration of total reducing sugars in relation to soluble solids. The insoluble solids (pulp) were used as internal isotopic standard for the orange juice employed in commercial beverage. The isotope analysis of commercial beverages showed four adulterations: one sample of whole orange juice, one of concentrate juice, and two of sweetened orange juice. For samples with the absence of pulp, we adopted the isotopic value of δ13C -26.19‰ as standard C3 source, by compiling a database of 31 samples of pure orange juice from 12 producing regions of the state of Sao Paulo. In these beverages (energetic beverage, mixed beverage and "citric fruit"), the isotopic value of 13C was similar to sugar cane (δ13C -12.48‰) showing few fruit juice in its formulation.


A customer churn analytical model based Bayesian network is built for prediction of customer churn. We propose Bayesian Network approaches to predict churn motivation, mining the result in churn characters in order to help decision-making manager formulate corresponding detainment strategy. Experimental results show that classification performance of both methods is resultful.


The line shape of a pair of Doppler-broadened closely spaced transitions sharing a common lower level and under the effect of a standing-wave monochromatic radiation field is studied. The eight steady-state optical Bloch equations are solved analytically to obtain the polarization by retaining terms up to the third power in the electric-field amplitude. The absorption coefficient derived for the standing-wave case consists of two Lamb dips for the two allowed transitions at ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\omega}}}_{1}$ and ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\omega}}}_{2}$ and a crossover resonance dip at the intermediate frequency ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\omega}}}_{\mathit{c}}$=(${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\omega}}}_{1}$+${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\omega}}}_{2}$)/2. The Lamp-dip peak frequencies show intensity-dependent shifts. Numerical computations are presented for different values of Rabi frequencies and relaxation linewidth parameters, which are small compared to the frequency difference \ensuremath{\Delta}=${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\omega}}}_{2}$-${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\omega}}}_{1}$. The computed line shape and frequency shift are compared with the observed results in the Balmer ${\mathrm{H}}_{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\alpha}}}$ line of hydrogen and the infrared Zeeman spectra of methane.


The aim of this paper is to show that under a mild semicontinuity assumption (the so-called segmentary epi-closedness), the cone-convex (resp. cone-quasiconvex) set-valued maps can be characterized in terms of weak cone-convexity (resp. weak cone-quasiconvexity), i.e. the notions obtained by replacing in the classical definitions the conditions of type "for all x, y in the domain and for all t in ]0, 1[ ..." by the corresponding conditions of type "for all x, y in the domain there exists t in ]0, 1[ ...".


Two types of similarities between words have been studied in the natural language processing community: synonymy and relational similarity. A high degree of similarity exist between synonymous words. On the other hand, a high degree of relational similarity exists between analogous word pairs. We present and empirically test a hypothesis that links these two types of similarities. Specifically, we propose a method to measure the degree of synonymy between two words using relational similarity between word pairs as a proxy. Given two words, first, we represent the semantic relations that hold between those words using lexical patterns. We use a sequential pattern clustering algorithm to identify different lexical patterns that represent the same semantic relation. Second, we compute the degree of synonymy between two words using an inter-cluster covariance matrix. We compare the proposed method for measuring the degree of synonymy against previously proposed methods on the Miller-Charles dataset and the WordSimilarity-353 dataset. Our proposed method outperforms all existing Web-based similarity measures, achieving a statistically significant Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.867 on the Miller-Charles dataset. key words: synonymy, attributional similarity, relational similarity, Miller-Charles dataset, WordSimilarity-353 dataset


TO speed as the goal of particle image,using the optical flow field to model the optical flow for a digital image,it is feasible to calculate the velocity field for each pixel in PIV.Comparing the different particles under the condition of the velocity field so as to achieve paticle image according with optical flow test method.The Lucsa-kanade algorithm is implemented and performance evaluation is conducted.Optical flow plays important roles in PIV,which can find out the velocity field and helps to correct misleading results obtained by traditional PIV methods.


Abstract The synthesis and properties of a new lithium vanadyl(IV) phosphate, LiVOPO4 · 0.5H2O, are reported. The synthesis was carried out by a lithium exchange reaction in VO(HPO4) · 0.5H2O with LiOH at low temperature in a nonaqueous medium. The crystal structure of LiVOPO4 · 0.5H2O (space group P21212 , a = 7.4651(6) A b = 9.4167(8) A, c = 6.0762(6) A, Z = 4) was refined by the Rietveld method from laboratory X-ray powder diffraction data, giving Rwp = 8.0% and RF = 6.5%. The structure is made up of layers made of VO6 dimers which are linked by phosphate groups. The framework of the starting material is maintained but the vanadium coordination sphere is more distorted and the lithium position is deduced from a difference Fourier map. The structural, thermal, and spectroscopic features are compared to those of the closely related H-derivative.


Cranial nerve palsies are uncommon late sequelae of radiation therapy. We present a rare case of bilateral vocal cord paralysis secondary to radiation-induced recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis. The exact mechanism accounting for radiation-induced nerve damage is unknown. The complication may occur years following radiation therapy thus making a causal relationship difficult. As there is no treatment available, the therapy should aim to improve the functional impairment produced by the nerve involved.


Purpose: The characteristics of aberrant overexpression and distinct features of cancer-associated (CA)-MUC1 has been often considered as a promising target in most of the solid cancers. MUC1 is composed of α and β subunits to form a full length of MUC1, and α subunit is released and circulated into the blood in cancer, which is used as biomarkers such as CA 15-3 and CA 27-29. As those α subunit-targeting strategies were failed in the numerous clinical trials due to, at least in part, the diminished α subunit of MUC1 in cancer, we have developed a humanized Ab, PAb001 targeting the residual β subunit of MUC1, called as an onco-tethered (OT)-MUC1. To prove the concept of this strategy, an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells were applied to assess its efficacies. Methods: We produced a monoclonal antibody (mAb) against OT-MUC1 from mouse and sequentially generated its derivative humanized antibody, PAb001. Then, the target product profiles (TPP) were determined by SPR, ELISA, FACS, immunohistochemical analysis, pilot tissue cross-reactivity, and pharmacokinetics (PK) analysis. Then, to evaluate anti-cancer efficacies, we either conjugated PAb001 with Monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) or generated the second-generation CAR T cells and then sequentially tested in vitro and in vivo cancer models. Results: Based on the TPP criteria, PAb001 antibody was chosen over a hundred of candidate antibodies tested. Next, it was conjugated with MMAE, treated and measured its cytotoxicity in ovarian and breast cancer cell lines, including triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC). As a result, PAb001-ADC selectively inhibited the growth of cancer cell lines, depending on the expression level of MUC1. Also, it showed 80-100 % tumor growth inhibition rates (TGI) in the cell lines- and patient-derived xenograft models. Lastly, OT-MUC1 Car-T cells showed significant and selective growth inhibition of cancer cells. Conclusion: Taken together, the preclinical studies of PAb001-ADC and Car-T indicate the high therapeutic potentials targeting OT-MUC1 in cancer, which further provided the rationale for clinical development. Citation Format: Jin G Jung, Min-Seok Kim, Hwa-Chul Jung, Hoil Choi, Kyung-Duk Moon. Old target, but new approach: Targeting cancer-associated MUC1 with ADC and Car-T [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 6530.


All current deep learning-based prediction methods for remaining useful life (RUL) assume that training and testing data have similar distributions, but the existence of various operating conditions, failure modes, and noise lead to insufficient data with similar distributions during the training process, thereby reducing RUL prediction performance. Domain adaptation can effectively solve this problem by learning the cross-domain invariant features of the source domain and target domain to reduce the distribution difference. However, most domain adaptive methods extract the source domain and target domain features into a single space for feature alignment, which may leave out effective information and affect the accuracy of prediction. To address this problem, we propose a data-driven approach named long short-term memory network and multi-representation domain adaptation (LSTM-MRAN). We standardize and process the degraded sensor data with a sliding time window, use LSTM to extract features from the degraded data, and mine the time series information between the data. Then, we use multiple substructures in multi-representation domain adaptation to extract features of the source domain and target domain from different spaces and align features by minimizing conditional maximum mean difference (CMMD) loss functions. The effectiveness of the method is verified by the CMAPSS dataset. Compared with methods without domain adaptation and other transfer learning methods, the proposed method provides more reliable RUL prediction results under datasets with different operating conditions and failure modes.


In the 2017–18 legal year, the UK Supreme Court (`the Supreme Court') continued to answer novel questions of law in disputes between determined litigants. In accounts given by its President, Lady Hale, the Supreme Court's caseload in the past year included `an unusually difficult case to resolve', a `protracted and deeply troubling case', `a judgment [...] given in unusual circumstances', `a very troubling case' and, to balance the ledger to some extent, a case that was `great good fun' and the `most fun recently'.


MISS MARY ADELAIDE NUTTING, R.N'., M.A. It was with profound regret that we learned of the death of Miss M,. Adelaide Nutting on October 3rd, 1948. Born on November lst, 1859, at Waterloo, Quebec, Canada, she was educated at Waterloo, Montreal. Destined to become a leader of Nursing, Miss Nutting entered the Johns Hopkins Hospital, BaltiMore, in 1889, when Isabel Hampton (later Mrs. Hampton Robb) was Superintendent, and graduated in 1891. She served as Head Nurse 1891-1893 ; became Assistant Superintendent 1893-1894, and held the position of Superintendent from 1894-1907 ; thus 18 years were spent in her Training School. In 1907 she was aDDointed the first Professor of Education at Teachers Coligge, Columbia University, New York, and held this important post with great distinction until her retirement in 1925. A great internationalist and collaborator with the late Ethel Gordon Fenwick, she graced Congresses convened by the International Council of Nurses, and was Chairman of the Committee on Education from 1912-1925, when ill-health forced her to relinquish much active work. Miss Nutting gave great support to the proposal brought forward by the late Ethel Gordon Fenwick for the endowment of an educational memorial to Florence Nightingale, a dream that came true some years ago.


The accuracy of Doppler mean frequence estimation is vital in some related areas. In this paper, two typical estimation algorithms for mean frequency in time domain are discussed. Based on the mathematics derivation of different methods, the conclusion could be obatained that the precision was mostly influced by the amount of the sampling, signal-tonoise ratio (SNR), and the frequency of sampling. Then they were detailed analyzed and simulated in computer. The results of the simulations primarily indicate that the performance of complex-correlation algorithm is more advantageous than cross zero point algorithm in the same configeure condition. However, the complexity of its process is increased largely. Keywords-Frequency estimation,Cross zero point,Complexcrrelation


In the search for fertilizer machinery on the market, we found there is a shortage of machines that suit the needs of farmers, because most of the times these machines have a need for power demand higher than that available in the properties, and are too big and expensive. The objective of this study was to use a systematic approach methodology, providing adequate functional structure suitable for a fertilizer row of low-power planter for direct seeding, organized by a block diagram. The chosen functional structure accomplishes the weight transfer to cut straw and to open fertilizer furrow on the same system, this functional structure will allow the creation of a simpler and more compact fertilizer row, in accordance to most of the needs of family-based farmers.


The article describes a method for determining the dependence of the Lamb waves phase velocity on the technical condition of housing and utilities pipelines, using the example of thin two-layer segments. Variations in the thickness of the considered pipeline affect the propagation parameters of the Lamb wave mode.


Nebilet – is a new β-adrenoceptor blocking agent possessing both superseleсtive and NO-producing properties. Efficacy and safety of nebilet monotherapy of 5 mg/d were evaluated for 20 patients with mild and moderate essential hypertension during 8 weeks of treatment. Positive hypotensive effect was achieved in 79% of patients, average daily level of systolic and diastolic pressure decreased from 144,1±2,5 to 132,5±3,4 mm Hg and from 88,8±1,5 to 79,5±2,3 mm Hg respectively. A marked diminishing (by 80 %) of painful and painless myocardial ischemia overall duration was also observed.We didn't reveal the inhibition of inotropic action, whereas good influencies to the remodelling of myocardium have oсcured. There were no serious adverse effects and laboratory deviations during the therapy.


Despite growing attention to early literacy experiences and emergent literacy perspectives, many children start kindergarten with less than optimal emergent literacy skills. In this article, I review research on efforts to identify what works to support young children's development of emergent literacy in early childhood classrooms prior to starting kindergarten. These efforts include curricula, best practices, and professional development. Such efforts show promise in improving children's emergent literacy skills, but many gaps remain and require further study. In particular, research is necessary to identify ways to improve meaning-focused skills, understand the generalizability and sustainability of effects, and translate findings into practice.


The traditional image enhancement processing method is limited by the contrast between image background and enhancement object when processing, which leads to poor image enhancement processing effect and low processing efficiency. With the development of technology, the application of digital electronics is expanding. In order to solve the above problems, the application of digital electronics in image enhancement is explored by studying the method of Chinese character art image enhancement based on digital electronics. Digital coding and Chinese character information processing of Chinese character art images using digital electronics. Retinex enhancement algorithm is improved by using PLIP model to realize Chinese character art image enhancement process. The simulation results demonstrate that the studied image enhancement method can effectively improve the processing efficiency by about 50%, and the image enhancement process is more effective.


Background. The Ameca River basin in central Mexico, especially the Teuchitlán River, hosts a rich native and endemic ichthyofauna. The biological traits of these species, however, have not been fully studied, and their habitat has been altered by anthropogenic activities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reproductive cycle of three native goodeids, and to describe the variation in the reproduction of each species. The results of this study have important conservation implications and can be used to support specific conservation actions, trying to protect specific areas where native species are reproducing, aimed at maintaining biological diversity in the Teuchitlán River. Materials and methods. This two-year study investigated the fertility, size at first maturity (L50), sex ratio, gonad maturity stage, and gonadosomatic index of three native livebearer fish species, Goodea atripinnis Jordan, 1880; Ameca splendens Miller et Fitzsimons, 1971; and Zoogoneticus purhepechus Domínguez-Domínguez, PérezRodríguez et Doadrio, 2008. Environmental variables were evaluated, with respect to the reproductive variables, using non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) analysis. Results. Three hundred and eighty-three specimens of G. atripinnis, 319 of A. splendens, and 170 of Z. purhepechus were examined. Goodea atripinnis was widely distributed along the river, presenting a complete size structure. The endemic species (A. splendens and Z. purhepechus) showed lower abundance downstream. The native species presented two reproductive periods: January through March and July through September. The sex ratio is 1 ÷ 1 (female ÷ male) and the fertility was lower compared to other species in other river basins. The NMDS analysis showed that the native species are associated with clean, deeper waters that present higher dissolved oxygen and a neutral pH. Conclusion. The lower population abundance of native species downstream in the river is due to the fact that the goodeid species are less tolerant to pollution and cannot reproduce successfully in polluted water. These species have to adapt to the anthropogenic activities that have modified the river, affecting their habitat. In spite of this perturbation, there are no specific conservation actions underway to maintain biological diversity in the Teuchitlán River.


Sociologists have long been interested in the study of the relationships between members of families. Also, in the last decades, sociologists and scholars in social and human sciences have shown an interest in the study of the effects of globalization on the micro and macro structures of societies. The aim of this paper is to investigate the relationship between globalization and the division of labor inside the family in Tehran, Shgiraz and Isfahan. To do so, the writer first reviews the related literature in Iranian and international publications, and then proposes a synthesized theoretical framework based on Giddens and Robertson theories. The writer, using the survey method, studies married women of the three cities mentioned as his population under consideration, who are selected systematically at random. The findings show that the variables awareness of globalization, decision-making at home, political participation, lifestyle, social capital and cultural capital on the whole account for 36.1 percent of division of labor at home.


Alexander Carmichael's compendium of Gaelic prayers, blessings, and charms, Carmina Gadelica, is one of the most remarkable Scottish art-books of its time, and a fundamental source for the Celtic Christianity movement. It is also exceptionally controversial, given that the evidence of his field notebooks suggests that during the editing process Carmichael and his circle adapted, reworked, and rewrote his originally oral sources for the printed page. Looking beyond debates over authenticity and forgery, this chapter offers broader nineteenth-century contexts in which to situate Carmichael's magnum opus. Carmina Gadelica is clearly inspired by contemporary political, religious, and cultural developments: the controversies of the 1880s Crofters War; the project of spiritual reinvigoration envisaged by the fin de siècle 'Celtic Renascence' movement; and the ferocious Lowland–Highland disputes that eventually sundered the Free Church of Scotland in 1900, the year in which Carmina was eventually published. Another influence was the liturgical, devotional, and aesthetic ideals of High Church Tractarianism as mediated through Carmichael's Episcopalian wife, Mary Frances MacBean. In Carmina Gadelica, the Oxford Movement met Catholic Hebridean piety, allowing Carmichael to delineate an alternative, pre-Reformation portrait of traditional, communal Highland religiosity as a riposte to contemporary stereotypes of intolerant evangelicalism, strict Sabbatarianism, and uncompromising biblical literalism.


Portions of many regional‐scale aquifers in midcontinent sedimentary basins exhibit large salinity gradients that significantly impact the velocity field and solute distribution through time. A two‐dimensional, numerical transport model was constructed to examine the role of salinity‐derived variable‐density flow on changes in the velocity field and solute distributions in a near‐surface, regionally extensive aquifer as brine is displaced by infiltrating meteoric water. The Silurian‐Devonian carbonate aquifer in the western portion of the Appalachian Basin was used as a framework to insure that realistic flow velocities and salinities were used in the assessment. The variable‐density effects on brine displacement are observed by examining the differences in the velocity fields and solute distributions produced by uniform‐density and variable‐density simulations. The effects include the change from an intraformational displacement pattern to a cross‐formational displacement pattern with the development of flow reversals and partitioning of regional flow cells into smaller flow cells. Variable‐density effects also are manifest in the solute distributions by slowing the displacement of brine and influencing the magnitude of the salinity gradient. A sensitivity analysis used to examine the influence of flow and transport parameters on the transient development and migration of salinity gradients shows that increasing cross‐formational leakage into the regional aquifer causes flow velocities to decrease, which magnifies the influence of the variable‐density behavior by slowing the displacement of brine. The sensitivity analysis also shows that increasing the value of dispersivity causes an increase in the variable‐density effects. However, the effects of variable‐density flow are relatively insensitive to changes in values of horizontal and vertical anisotropy assigned to the aquifer or to the presence of an overlying transmissive layer.


Local irradiation of the cerebellum of guinea pigs by x-ray doses of 16,000 and of 9,000 to 12,000r caused very insignificant changes in the glutamic acid (a decrease of 6 to 12 mg%) and glutanaine (a rise of 5 to 14 mg%) content in the brain tissue. The quantity of ammonia remained unchanged in all cases of local irradiation of the cerebellum. After total irradiation by doses that exceed the lethal dose by 2 to 4.5 times, (1,000 and 2,000r), the level of glutamic acid in the brain is decreased by 20 to 35 mg %, and the level of glutamine is also decreased, while there is an insignificant rise in the ammonia. (auth)


The invention relates to the field of dynamic positioning control, and in particular to an online adjusting method of an observer in a dynamic positioning system. The online adjusting method comprises the steps as follows: (1), measuring the position of a ship, and transforming the data to an unified coordinate system; (2), filtering to remove high-frequency interference through the observer or a filter; (3), estimating an AP spectrum of the ship motion response data through an AP spectrum estimating model; (4), selecting a peak value point of a spectrum curve, and solving the corresponding peak frequency, and averaging the peak frequency over three degrees of freedom, so as to obtain the final peak frequency omega P, and transmitting the obtained peak frequency to the observer to update parameters K1 and K2 online; and (5), filtering to remove the high-frequency information through the adaptive observer, thus obtaining the position Eta and the speed Nu of the ship, and then transmitting the data to the dynamic positioning system. With the adoption of the online adjusting method provided by the invention, the peak frequency of varied sea conditions can be obtained on real time through the observer, therefore, the working precision of the ship under the varied sea conditions can be improved.


SUMMARY
We present an approach to statistically pinpoint differentially expressed proteins that have quantitation values near the quantitation threshold and are not identified in all replicates (marginal cases). Our method uses a Bayesian strategy to combine parametric statistics with an empirical distribution built from the reproducibility quality of the technical replicates.

AVAILABILITY
The software is freely available for academic use at http://pcarvalho.com/patternlab.


Firms are constantly looking for ways leading to competitive advantage creation. Such advantage may be embedded on business success potentials including resources, capabilities and competences. From business competitive advantage perspective, the most significant potentials are competences. The effective and efficient exploitation of the competences may contribute to the achievement of the expected market and economic outcomes by the firm. Such outcomes are the symptoms of business success and the basis for business competitive advantage creation.
In recent years one may notice an increasing significance of logistics seen as the crucial factor (or set of factors) of a firm success as well as business competitive advantage creation. The purpose of the article is to express the most important characteristics of logistics competences as the core competences of a firm in the context of the sustained, long-term business competitive advantage creation. The article is based on the literature review concerning the growing significance of a firm's core competences as well as the possibilities of logistics competences exploitation in business competitive advantage creation.


The book examines the content of the norms governing the employment of teachers in public school, in the light of the interpretation adopted by jurisprudence.
The book is structured so that it allows the fast identification of the various institutions and the description of the different aspects: industrial relations and right to strike, recruitment, rights and duties, responsibility, compensation, flexible working contracts, training, health protection, disciplinary sanctions.
The text addresses, other than law practitioners (lawyers, judges, trade union leaders), school directors, lecturers and directors of general and administrative services, as an useful and effective tool to study and work. The text is accompanied by a legislative appendage that allows to easily find the rules of the most frequent applications.


Background: Education providers in many ways short of expectations. Education strategy is essential in teaching and learning activities. Student who has motivation and learning strategies tends to devote all their ability to get the optimal learning results according to the expected goals. Understanding student motivation and learning strategies will help institution to facilitate students for their study success. This study aimed of determine differences in student motivation and learning strategies at Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hasanuddin among students with collaborative learning and problem-based learning educational strategies. Method: This was quantitative research with observational analytic cross-sectional study design. The subjects were all students of class 2007 and 2008 data were collected using Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ). Descriptive analysis and Mann-Whitney test were used to analysis the data. Results: The subjects consisted of 84 students of class 2007 and 79 students of class 2008. The mean score of learning motivation and learning strategy were higher among students with PBL than students with collaborative learning. There we are significant differences in learning strategies with different education strategies except in organization (p=0,369) and anxiety (p=0.058). Conclusion: There are differences in the learning motivation and learning strategies in students with collaborative learning and problem based learning education strategies, except in organization and anxiety component. Learning motivation and learning strategies in problem based learning students are higher than collaborative learning students.


Many organizations choose project work as flexible and reliable structures for the development and production of their goods and services. However, Most know-what, know-how and experience exists only in the minds of individual participants during the phase of projects. In order to improve the performance of project-based organizations (PBO), this paper identifies obstacles to knowledge management in PBO and proposes the model of knowledge management system (KMS) in this type of organizations. This system is an effective tool for all experts and engineers participating in the phase of a project.


In order to comparatively analyze the core-fucosylated glycol-proteome expression profile of hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines (HCC) with different metastasis potentials, some key glycoprotein correlated with the metastasis of hepatoma were screened. Using SDS-PAGE, 2-DE followed by LCA lectin blot, differential display maps of core-fucosylated glycol-proteome were generated and analyzed, and then the glycoproteins were identified by a matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI- TOF-MS/MS). 1-DE lectin blot showed that MHCC97-H and MHCC97-L, which were established by authors? institute and had higher metastasis potentials than Hep3B, displayed numerous bands. From the core-fucosylated glycol-proteomics expression profiles, (55±7) spots in Hep3B (n=3), (60±6) spots in MHCC97-L(n=3), and (61±4) spots in MHCC97-H (n=3) were detected. Matched with individual 2-DE maps, the core-fucosylated glycol-proteomics expression profiles showed that there were (25±3) detected spots in Hep3B(n=3), (30±4) detected spots in MHCC97-L and (28±3) detected spots in MHCC-97H (n=3). There were 13 unmatched spots between the expression profile of Hep3B and MHCC97-L, and 9 unmatched spots between Hep3B and MHCC97-H. The 12 differential glycoproteins were identified by MALDI-TOF-MS/MS. Individually differential core-fucosylated glycoproteomics expression profiles existed in HCC with different metastasis potentials. All the results suggested that the metastasis of HCC might be correlated with these differential glycoproteins.


Staphylococcus aureus is a major contributor to the pathophysiology of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Previous research has shown that S. aureus–secreted products disrupt the airway barrier.


We study the spin-$1/2$ Heisenberg model on the triangular lattice with the nearest-neighbor $J_1 > 0$, the next-nearest-neighobr $J_2 > 0$ Heisenberg interactions, and the additional scalar chiral interaction $J_{\chi}(\vec{S}_i \times \vec{S}_j) \cdot \vec{S}_k$ for the three spins in all the triangles using large-scale density matrix renormalization group calculation on cylinder geometry. With increasing $J_2$ ($J_2/J_1 \leq 0.3$) and $J_{\chi}$ ($J_{\chi}/J_1 \leq 1.0$) interactions, we establish a quantum phase diagram with the magnetically ordered $120^{\circ}$ phase, stripe phase, and non-coplanar tetrahedral phase. In between these magnetic order phases, we find a chiral spin liquid (CSL) phase, which is identified as a $\nu = 1/2$ bosonic fractional quantum Hall state with possible spontaneous rotational symmetry breaking. By switching on the chiral interaction, we find that the previously identified spin liquid in the $J_1 - J_2$ triangular model ($0.08 \lesssim J_2/J_1 \lesssim 0.15$) shows a phase transition to the CSL phase at very small $J_{\chi}$. We also compute spin triplet gap in both spin liquid phases, and our finite-size results suggest large gap in the odd topological sector but small or vanishing gap in the even sector. We discuss the implications of our results to the nature of the spin liquid phases.


We study a bilinear multiplication rule on 2 × 2 matrices which is intermediate between the ordinary matrix product and the Hadamard matrix product, and we relate this to the hyperbolic motion group of the plane.


Objective:To evaluate the diagnostic value of the CT and ultrasound (US) for thyroid carcinoma. Methods: We analyzed 189 cases of thyroid carcinoma with CT and US appearance. The images were reviewed for primary lesion and metastatic lympadenopathy on the neck. Results: The recognize rate of CT and ultrasound in thyroid carcinoma were both 100%. The final diagnosis rate of US in thyroid carcinoma was 50.7%, and CT was 86.1%. The diagnoisic of metastatic lympadenopathy on the neck with US was 74.0%, with CT was 51.4%. Conclusion: CT is more accurate in the diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma than US, but US is quite well in finding metastatic lympadenopathy on the neck than CT. US should be used as the first examination method for thyroid carcinoma.


We have performed inelastic neutron scattering measurements for liquid selenium to investigate the dynamic structure, S (cid:1) Q , E (cid:2) , of the chainlike molecules in the liquid state. We observed a distinct optic-type mode at around 31 meV, whose Q dependence of the intensity, S (cid:1) Q , E (cid:3) 31 meV (cid:2) , was found to be reproduced by a simple approximation of "three-body" model. We propose the possibility of extracting structural parameters such as bond length and angle by constant E spectra by the use of this simple model, which at the same time provides us a clearcut physical meaning of the Q dependences


A novel 3D vertical structure that can store both information and energy is proposed in this letter. For the fabrication of 3D structural devices, an isolation layer (IL) is essential because it prevents interference between each cell of the device. Given that it occupies a large volume in the 3D structure, the IL can be more effectively utilized. In particular, for energy efficiency, an energy-storage device can be adopted into the IL; thus, both energy and information can be stored in the same volume using the proposed hybrid 3D vertical structure. The demonstration of the proposed structure showed a strong potential for various fields of 3D stackable devices that require high-density integration and energy efficiency.


The criteria used in comparing the utilization of grass silage by reindeer and sheep were rumen pH, ammonia, volatile fatty acids (VFA) and microbes. Rumen samples were taken before feeding, and 2'/i and 5/i hours after the beginning of feeding. Rumen fermentation was lower in the reindeer than in the sheep and differed less between the three sampling times. In the reindeer/the pH of the rumen fluidaveraged 6.94 and in the sheep 6.61. The average amounts of NHj—N were 17.0 and 24.2 mg/100 ml rumen fluid and those of total VFA 8.46 and 10.90 mmoles/100 ml rumen fluid, respectively. The proportion of acetic acid in the VFA in the reindeer was 75.3 molar % and in the sheep 66.0 molar %, the corresponding values for propionic acid being 18.5 and 22.0 molar % and for butytic acid 4.2 and 8.8 molar %. The number of rumen ciliates in the reindeer averaged 87/mm' rumen contents and in the sheep 314/ mm 3 . The numbers of bacteria were 16.0 X IOVmm , respectively. The proportion of the total microbe mass in the reindeer rumen contents was 1.8 % and in the sheep 2.4 %, The proportions of bacteria in this mass were 87 % and 70 %, respectively. The differences between the reindeer and sheep in the rumen fermentation results and in the numbers of rumen microbiota were nearly all statistically significant (PCO.OOI PC0.05).


Wireless power transfer (WPT) technology has gained widespread attention in recent times due to its advantages over conventional plug-in charging methods. Among the different WPT technologies, inductive power transfer (IPT) is the most established and widely used. However, the presence of metal objects such as coins or keys in the charging area can negatively impact the charging process and even cause fires in worst-case scenarios. Strong magnetic fields can also cause medical conditions in living beings with medical implant, such as pacemaker, due to eddy currents. Therefore, it is crucial to address these issues in WPT systems. This article explores various methods to detect foreign metal objects in WPT systems. For this purpose, WPT coils were designed for a 105W system and the effect of foreign metal objects was analysed using Ansys Maxwell 3D software. A comparison of magnetic flux density distribution with and without the presence of a foreign metal object at a particular position on the transmitter coil was evaluated. Ohmic loss in the metal object was calculated using the field calculator and thermal analysis was performed using Ansys Icepack. Overall, mitigating the impact of foreign metal objects is essential for the safe and efficient operation of WPT systems.


This paper is an attempt at a rigorous (albeit not exceedingly general) analysis of the diffusion of new technology. In particular, consider an industry composed of two firms, each using the current best-practice technology. The firms are assumed to be operating at Nash equilibrium output levels, generating a market price (given demand) and profit allocations. When a cost-reducing innovation is announced, each firm must determine when (if ever) to adopt it, based in part upon the discounted cost of implementing the new technology, and in part upon the behavior of the rival firm. If either firm adopts before the other, it can expect to make substantial profits at the expense of the other firm. On the other hand, the discounted sum of purchase price and adjustment costs may decline with the lengthening of the adjustment period as various quasi-fixed factors become more easily variable. Therefore, although waiting costs the firm more in terms of foregone profits, it may save money on the cost of purchasing the new technology. Thus the firm must weigh the costs and benefits of delaying adoption, as well as take account of its rival's strategic behavior.


The three common variants of the vitamin D binding protein, also known as group specific component (Gc), namely types 1S, 1F and 2, as well as some rare variants were studied by thin‐layer polyacrylamide gel isoelectric focusing in a pH 4.5–5.4 carrier ampholyte generated pH gradient, additionally containing N‐(2‐acetamido)‐2‐aminoethanesulfonic acid (ACES). Prior to isoelectric focusing, whole serum or purified preparations of the vitamin D binding protein were incubated with 25‐hydroxycholecalciferol at various ligand/protein ratios. Binding differences were found for the anodal and cathodal isoforms of Gc 1 variants and also for various allelic types. Isoforms with higher isoelectric points generally had a lower affinity for the ligand than the variants with lower isoelectric points.


In this paper, the path following control problem of unmanned surface vehicle (USV) is studied. Two different controllers are designed respectively. One is the path following controller designed by combining the active disturbance rejection control algorithm and LOS guidance algorithm. The other is the path following controller which combines the fuzzy optimization active disturbance rejection control algorithm and LOS guidance algorithm. Then the corresponding simulation experiments are carried out. The research object of the simulation experiments is the USV "Lanxin" of Dalian Maritime University. Finally, through the analysis and comparison of the above simulation experiments, the effectiveness of the controller designed in this paper is verified.


The recent measurement of the reactor angle as $\sin^2 2\theta_{13} = 0.092 \pm 0.016(stat) \pm 0.005(syst)$ come from the Daya Bay collaboration. Evidence of nonzero \theta_{13} was also there at T2K, MINOS and Double Chooz experiments. We study the implication of these recent data on neutrino mass matrix and consequently on leptogenesis in a supersymmetric SO(10) model. To explain the smallness of neutrino mass, in general, we require a heavy Majorana neutrino which is a natural candidate in SO(10) model. In minimal SO(10) model, the symmetry breaking scale or the right-handed neutrino mass scale is close to the GUT scale. It is not only beyond the reach of any present or future collider search but the lepton asymmetry generated from its decay is in conflict with the gravitino constraint as well as unable to fit the neutrino data. We show that addition of an extra fermion singlet can accommodate the observed recent neutrino data in a supersymmetric SO(10) model. This model can generate the desired lepton asymmetry and provide TeV scale doubly-charged Higgs scalars to be detected at LHC.


Researching the application of FPGA,we find the internal place and route become more and more complicated with the increment of the gate circuit in the FPGA.But the utilization rate of single chip is reduced by the enlargement of system size.So we start to pay attention to TDM(Time Division Multiplexer).Dynamic reconfiguring the logic resource in FPGA is to improve the utilization rate.This paper introduces some basic concepts and classification of reconfigurable technology,then presents four FPGA-based dynamic reconfiguration methods in detail and makes some discuss on the key techniques and developing trends.