This study was undertaken to determine the underlying mechanisms of reactive oxygen species-induced cell injury in renal epithelial cells and whether there is a difference in the role of lipid peroxidation between freshly isolated renal cells and cultured renal cells. Rabbit renal cortical slices were used as a model of freshly isolated cells and opossum kidney (OK) cells as a model of cultured cells. Cell injury was estimated by measuring lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release in renal cortical slices and trypan blue exclusion in OK cells. H₂O₂ was used as a drug model of reactive oxygen species. H₂O₂ induced cell injury in a dose-dependent manner in both cell types. However, renal cortical slices were resistant to H₂O₂ approximately 50-fold than OK cells. H₂O₂induced cell injury was prevented by thiols (glutathione and dithiothreitol) and iron chelators (deferoxamine and phenanthroline) in both cell types. H₂O₂-induced cell injury in renal cortical slices was completely prevented by antioxidants N,N-diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine and Trolox, but the cell injury was not affected by these antioxidants in OK cells. H₂O₂ increased lipid peroxidation in both cell types, which was completely inhibited by the antioxidants. These results suggest that H₂O₂ induces cell injury through a lipid peroxidation-dependent mechanism in freshly isolated renal cells, but via a mechanism independent of lipid peroxidation in cultured cells.


This study aims to determine: Effect of Servqual Dimension (Responsiveness) on Patient Satisfaction, Effect of Servqual Dimension on Patient Satisfaction, Effect of Servqual Dimension (Assurance) on Patient Satisfaction, Effect of Servqual Dimension (Reliability) affect on Patient Satisfaction, Effect of Servqual Dimension (Tangible) influence on Patient Satisfaction, Effect of Patient Satisfaction on Repurchase Intentions, Effect of Patient Satisfaction on WOM Communication, Effect of WOM Communication on Repurchase Intentions. The population in this study is the population of the city of Padang /consumers who has been used services at three Private Hospitals in the city of Padang, namely the Citra Bunda Public Hospital Medical Center, Ibnu Sina Islamic General Hospital and Siti Rahmah Hospital. The number of research samples used were 138 respondents. Sampling technique using accidental sampling. The data analysis technique used in testing the hypothesis of this study is SEM analysis using the Partial Least Square (PLS) program. The results showed that Assurance had a significant effect on Satisfaction, Empathy had no significant effect on Satisfaction, Reliable had no significant effect on Satisfaction, Responsibility had a significant effect on Satisfaction, Tangible had no significant effect on Satisfaction, Satisfaction had a significant effect on Repurchase Intentions, Satisfaction had no significant effect on Communication WOM, WOM communication has no significant effect on Repurchase intentions. The R-square value of the Servqual dimension variable has an effect on Satisfaction of 53.3%, the satisfaction variable has an effect on the repurchase intentions variable of 53.9% and the Repurchase Intentions variable has an effect on the WOM Communication of 41.4%.

Keywords: ServQual, Patient Satisfaction, Repurchase Intentions, WOM Communication


Typhoid fever occurs in all parts of the world where water supplies and sanitation are sub-standard. Despite the availability of newer antibiotics, emerging antimicrobial resistance has become an increasing problem in the management of Typhoid fever cases. The aim of this study was to determine the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of  Salmonella species isolated by blood culture. This was a retrospective study considering the period of January to December 2007  at Bangahandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Shahbag, Dhaka. Blood samples for culture were collected by venepuncture, immediately inoculated into Brain Heart infusion broth and incubated at 37 0 C. After 24 hours incubation, subcultures were done twice on Blood agar and MacConkey's agar plates. Any growth on the sulrcultured plates were identified by standard microbiological techniques. All of the isolates were then subjected to antibiotic susceptibility test performed by disk diffusion method. A total 2424 specimens of blood collected from patients suspecting of fever, were cultured, out of which 218 (8.99%) were found positive for Salmonella species. In vitro sensitivity test showed that cefixime was highly sensitive (99.41%) followed by  ceftriaxote (97.03%), Azithromycin (83.58%), Ciprofloxacin (67.47%), cefuroxime (73.3%), chloramphenicol (72.62%), co-trimoxazole (69.59%), Amoxicillin (64.33%) and Nalidixic acid (19.26%).  The results call for nationwide surveillance programme to monitor microbial trends and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of salmonella species in Bangladesh. Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2008; 02 (02): 22-26


Three high-symmetry adsorption sites of CO on Ni(100) have been studied by x-ray photoabsorption spectroscopy. The sites are known to be populated in the CO/H,H 2 /Ni(100) system. The position and width of the CO 2π * resonance is dependent on the adsorption site. The adsorption threshold shifts in accordance with the large shifts observed in x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Information about the ground-state population of the 2π * -derived CO orbitals is obtained from the resonance intensity, showing substantially larger population for CO adsorbed in the hollow sites


The crime rates in Mexico have been increasing in recent years, every day there are news on social media and in the news where assaults and verbal aggressions by criminals can be seen. Public transportation units suffer from violence that authorities have not been able to reduce, despite their efforts. That is why we have developed a fuzzy logic model that can adapt to almost any scenario thanks to the dynamism that we have implemented in each one of its stages. We have obtained promising results that we believe will be of great help to the authorities in the police headquarters to detect in real time the exact moment in which a verbal aggression typical of a violent assault is happening. This is a tool to help the authorities, not a substitution; making use of the latest technologies available to us.


The problems with cataloguing and categorising heterogeneous resources on the World Wide Web for retrieving precise information are discussed. By providing a database approach to the Web site, these problems can be solved to some extent. The design is done for software in biotechnology and bioengineering. The data about bio software on the Web are collected and arranged in a generalised standard format. These are loaded on to a MYSQL database and are accessed through Practical Extraction and Reporting Language (PERL) script. An attempt has also been made to study the search and memory allocation performance for the following databases: MYSQL, World Wide Web Integrated Set Of Information System (WWWISIS), and Managing Gigabytes (MG).


Compares random coefficient modelling (RCM) and geographically weighted regression for spatially non-stationary regression. Relationship between limiting long-term illness (LLTI) and social factors; Variants of RCM; Factors contributing to the prevalence of LLTI.


The aim of this note is to show that the generalized supertrace, constructed in another paper of the author, inducing an isomorphism between the Hochschild homology of a superalgebra and that of the superalgebra of square supermatrices of a given type over A, induces, also, an isomorphism between the cyclic homologies of the two superalgebras.


In the past decade, the scientific community has become increasingly interested in the re-identification of people. It is still a challenging problem due to its low-quality images; occlusion between objects; and huge changes in lighting, viewpoint and posture (even for the same person). Therefore, we propose a dictionary learning method that divides the appearance characteristics of pedestrians into a shared part, which comprises the similarity between different pedestrians, and a specific part, which reflects unique identity information. In the process of re-identification, by removing the shared part of a pedestrian's visual characteristics and considering the unique part of each person, the ambiguity of the pedestrian's visual characteristics can be reduced. In addition, considering the structural characteristics of the shared dictionary and special dictionary, low-rank, l0 norm and row sparsity constraints instead of their convex-relaxed forms are introduced into the dictionary learning framework to improve its representation and recognition capabilities. Therefore, we adopt the method of alternating directions to solve it. The experimental results of several commonly used datasets show the effectiveness of our proposed method.


In modern times,social change went side by side with China's social transformation in Anqing.The main factors affecting the social change and the city's transformation in Anqing were traditional qualities,Western influence and political leadership.The education of women in Anqing appeared in the end of the Qing Dynasty,which was both the natural product of the social change and an important force to propel the social transformation of Anqing.The education of women in Anqing had its own traits.Christian female church schools and women schools established by the local government supplemented and complemented each other,propelling the development and spread of women's education in Anqing.


This paper brings mathematical tools to bear on the study of package dependencies in software systems. We introduce structures known as Dependency Structures with Choice (DSC) that provide a mathematical account of such dependencies, inspired by the definition of general event structures in the study of concurrency. We equip DSCs with a particular notion of morphism and show that the category of DSCs is isomorphic to the category of antimatroids. We study the exactness properties of these equivalent categories, and show that they are finitely complete, have finite coproducts but not all coequalizers. Further, we construct a functor from a category of DSCs equipped with a certain subclass of morphisms to the opposite of the category of finite distributive lattices, making use of a simple finite characterization of the Bruns-Lakser completion, and finally, we introduce a formal account of versions of packages and introduce a mathematical account of package version-bound policies.


Eight species of Aphelinus Dalman (Hymenoptera, Aphelinidae) from China are reviewed. Three species, A. pseudonepalensis sp. nov., A. truncaticlavus sp. nov. and A. maculigaster sp. nov. are newly described, four species, A. meghalayanus Hayat, A. huberi Hayat, A. sharpae Hayat, and A. maculatus Yasnosh are reported as new to China, and A. asychis Walker is newly reported from Tibet, China. A key to the Chinese species of Aphelinus based on females is given.


Recently most of the authors focused on dealing with uncertainty. To deal with that algebra of fuzzy sets is introduced in three-way fuzzy space. It gave way to characterize the attributes in true, false or uncertain regions. It is found in chemistry also as an electron, proton and neutron. The problem arises when the attributes are beyond the three-dimensions. One of suitable examples is winning, draw or loss of a match cannot define the win draw or loss of series. It is measured in international relationships also like USA-China, USA-Russia, India-Pakistan or Israel-Philistine. Some countries support the USA, some countries support China, some countries are neutral in hidden consciousness to fulfill their agenda. It is also measured in democratic countries like India where some people vote in favor of a party, some people vote against the given party, some people may be absent or walkout whereas some people vote NOTA. This last dimension is called as Turiyam or fourth dimension. This last dimension is influenced from Yin-Yang theory of Chinese Taoism as well as Sanskrit Yamma-Yammi and its complement. The Turiya means measuring each dimension in silent mode. There is less attention paid towards the necessity of fourth dimensions and its algebra. This paper will discuss gimbal lock of three-way fuzzy space using the Tuiyam set and its algebra.


ABSTRACT Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore the diagnostic accuracy and clinical utility of an examination by a physical therapist using a clinical patient population for diagnosing a specific sub-type of disc displacement (DDWoR wLO) compared to the imaged disc position. Methods: Data from 46 patients with a clinical diagnosis of DDWoR wLO (92 clinical examinations and MRI records) were collected. Clinical diagnosis was made based on predefined diagnostic criteria, and the MRI diagnosis was made based on the MRI radiology report obtained from the dental provider. A McNemar test was used to determine whether the outcomes of the clinical and MRI diagnoses differed significantly, and sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratios, predicative values, 95% confidence intervals, and the overall diagnostic accuracy were computed. Results: There was high sensitivity (85%), moderate but unacceptable specificity (73%), and acceptable overall diagnostic accuracy (80%) for using predefined criteria in the diagnosis of DDWoR wLO. The likelihood ratios and predictive values supported the clinical utility of the criteria used for diagnosing DDWoR wLO. Conclusion: This is the first study to characterize diagnostic accuracy by a physical therapist of a specific sub-type of TMD in a clinical patient population rather than a research based population. The results suggest that while sensitivity and the overall diagnostic accuracy were acceptable, specificity was lower than acceptable and these findings are discussed in relation to clinical utility of using diagnostic criteria in a clinical setting against a gold standard of MRI.


These lecture notes provide an introduction to automorphism groups of graphs. Some special families of graphs are then discussed, especially the families of Cayley graphs generated by transposition sets.


The seed of Araucaria angustifolia , "pinhao", is becoming a alternative way of income for many families living at south and southeast of Brazil. The intensive attack on Parana pine seeds by the wild fauna, that occur at newly-planted areas by direct sowing and at nursery of seedlings, is one of several adverses and distimulating factors to specie spreading. The objective of this work was to verify probable phytotoxics effects of some naturals and synthetics substances potentially repellentes to wild fauna, in Araucaria angustifolia seeds " in vitro ". The experiment was realized at Phytopatology and Plant Physiology Laboratory of Center of Agroveterinary Sciences, University of Santa Catarina State –  Brazil, from june to december, 2004. The Parana pine seeds, after preparation and treatment with vegetal and not vegetal substances, were sown in plastic trays with vermiculite substratum and put on cabin of growth with controlled temperature, relative humidity of air, humidity of substratum and photoperiods. It was adopted the randomized complete design with 15 treatments, with 10 seeds each treatment and with 4 repetitions. The tested substances separately or in mixtures were: extract of fruit of red pepper, root of parsley, stem and leaf of wormwood herb, lemon scented gum essential oil, linseed oil, castor bean oil, rosin, copper oxychloride, copper sulphate, sulphur and latex ink. The root emission, stem emission, length of main root and length of stem were evaluated 76 days after sowing and statisticaly analyzed. The analysis make possible to conclude that the tested extract do not have phytotoxic effect on seeds and that the substances tested " in vitro " can be used in field experiments, in repellence traits for Parana pine seeds consuming fauna.


Abstract Background In anticipation of the UK coronavirus pandemic peak, BOA published new pandemic-specific guidance ("COVID BOAST") in April 2020. We describe our experience implementing this restructured T&O service in a busy DGH setting during the pandemic peak. Method A rapid retrospective audit was conducted of all patients presenting to our T&O service in April 2020, with particular emphasis compliance with COVID BOAST. Results Our service conducted 511 outpatient reviews, and 95 operative procedures. 94% of outpatients were treated non-operatively. We provided telephone appointments to 12.8% of follow-up patients, and 39% of new patients. 82% of patients were treated with removable casts/splints/boots. 23% of patients were discharged direct from VFC or after one face-to-face fracture clinic review. Residual deformity was consciously accepted in 13% of patients. Theatre throughput fell significantly due to pandemic precautions however, femoral neck fracture volumes remained constant. Conclusions We demonstrate broad compliance with COVID BOAST guidance. The majority of patients were treated non-operatively, including conscious acceptance of residual deformity. Our pre-existing VFC allowed us to provide a significant number of telephone consultations, although despite the practice shift towards removable splintage, face-to-face consultations were required for clinical and/or radiological assessment. The impact of increased conservative management on patients' long-term outcomes needs further evaluation.


Patient controlled analgesia (PCA) has become the mainstay of acute postoperative pain management. The traditional technique of intravenous PCA is associated with both advantages and disadvantages. A novel fentanyl iontophoretic transdermal system has been developed to safely and easily manage postoperative pain. The self-contained, preprogrammed, needle-free unit is applied to the patient's skin, and the patient is immediately able to control the administered dose of opioid. This device offers an advance in patient safety and patient satisfaction.


THREE ASPECTS OF CRACKS IN CAST EPOXY RESIN WERE INVESTIGATED: THE FRACTURE ENERGY TO FORM THEM, THE RATE AT WHICH THEY REHEAL, AND THE FRACTURE ENERGY NEEDED TO REOPEN THEM. THE FRACTURE ENERGY WAS MEASURED BY A NOVEL METHOD IN THE PRESENCE OF VARIOUS SURFACE ACTIVE AGENTS UNDER SHORT AND LONG-TERM LOADING. THE CRACKS SPONTANEOUSLY REHEALED WHEN THE CASTING WAS HEATED ABOVE THE HEAT DISTORTION TEMPERATURE TO GIVE A FRESH JOINT OF ABOUT THE SAME FRACTURE ENERGY AS THE VIRGIN MATERIAL. /AUTHOR/


The quality of the certain small-scale stab detonator is always relatively stable after two years when the production was surveyed.But the problem of the uncomplete explosion appears frequently in the massive production.According to the trait of the production in the few years when the production was massived,we did some test and analysis to settle the problem.And we found the main factor that brought the uncomplete explosion in the production technologic.So we borrow corresponding corrective to ensure the quality of the production.


The way for enterprises to evaluate themselves and their employees is performance evaluation activities. In addition, innovation is one of the most important elements of today's business logic. However, innovation has become a phenomenon from which enterprises sometimes avoid or   which they are afraid to try from time to time. In fact, while innovative behaviors are supposed to provide a positive output, negative consequences can be observed. In this context, it is aimed to determine the relationship between perceived employee performance and firm performance in logistics enterprises and the effect of innovative work behavior on this relationship. For this purpose, a quantitative study was carried out in the TRB-2 region. According to the findings obtained by the survey method; it was concluded that perceived employee performance positively affects the firm performance and innovative work behavior has a negative moderator effect on the relationship between these two performances.


Introduction: A trend for organisations to change from single to multiple project management has been observed over the last couple of decades. Organizations shifted their focus from single project ...


This paper introduces in detail the safety-ensuring work adopted in the construction of Jiangduwu Tunnel, including the safety-ensuring measures adopted before,during and after the tunnel through.


An apparatus for fabricating a biochip is provided. The apparatus includes a reaction chamber which encapsulates the biochip to be sealed form an external environment. The apparatus further includes an exposure system which has a light source and a spatial light modulator. The spatial light modulator receives light from the light source and forms an optical image utilizing the light. The optical image is received by the biochip. The apparatus further includes a detection system which detects light proceeding form the biochip.


An efficient receptor-mediated delivery system has been developed using preformed complexes of Quantum Dots (QDs) and the Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) ligand. Liposomes are either loaded or surface modified combining two colours of QDs probes. The dual labelling strategies involve only biotin-streptavidin interactions and do not require further purification from free QDs-EGF. Specific uptake of QD-EGF-labelled liposomes is detected in live cells as colocalisation of both dots.


The research aims to compare the effect of Pilates exercises on the body composition and sports achievement motivation among both males and females. The Researchers used the experimental approach by using the experimental design of two experimental groups, and by the two measurements (pre - posttest) for each group, And has reached the sample size (40 students) aged 20 years, were divided into two experimental groups (the first experimental group comprised of 20 male, and the second experimental group comprised of 20 female), Pilates exercises program applied to the two groups (male and female), Researcher based on the means and tools that work to achieve this research, Researchers based on the means and tools that work to achieve this research, the results showed that the Pilates exercises have a positive effect on weight loss and fat lose among females are larger than males, Pilates exercises also have a positive effect on achievement motivation among males larger than females, While not shown any effect of Pilates exercises on the percentage the weight of the bones, percentage the weight of the muscles and the percentage of water in the body at any of the male or female.


To achieve integration of functional structures to the electronic components in the housing, an electronic component comprising at least one semiconductor element having at least one element to at least one side, of the sensor technically active, and / or release It provides a method of making. The method, Providing at least one die on a wafer, A step of making at least one patterned support having at least one structure that serves the element of sensor technically active, and / or release, The wafer comprising the steps of bonding at least one support, whereby the die, the sensor technically active, and / or side having an element that emits the face the support, a step of bonding, And separating the die.


Dynamic Reliability Using Entry-time Approach for Maintenance of Nuclear Power Plants. (May 2008) Shuwen Wang, B.S., Shanghai Jiao Tong University; M.E., Texas A&M University Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. Paul Nelson Entry-time processes are finite-state continuous-time jump processes with transition rates depending only on the two states involved in transition, the calendar time, and the most recent arrival time, which is termed as entry-time. The entry-time processes have the potential to provide a significantly greater range of applicability and flexibility than traditional reliability tools for case studies related to equipment and components in nuclear power plants. In this dissertation, the finite difference approximation of the integrodifferential Chapman-Kolmogorov equations for the entry-time processes was developed, and then it was verified by application to some hypothetical examples that are solved by alternative means, either (semi-)analytically or via simulation. To demonstrate the ability of entry-time model to applications in nuclear power plants for a RIAM based scenario, the entry-time approach is applied to the maintenance of main generators in nuclear power using the data from INPO-EPIX database. In this application, both reliability and financial performances acquired using the entry-time


When a charged particle moves nearby a spatially inhomogeneous condensed medium or inside it, different types of radiation may arise: Diffraction radiation (DR), Smith-Purcell radiation (SPR), Transition radiation (TR), Cherenkov radiation (CR) etc. Along with transverse waves of radiation, the charged particle may also generate longitudinal oscillations. We show that all these phenomena may be described via quite simple and universal approach, where the source of the field is the polarization current density induced inside the medium by external field of the particle, that is direct proof of the physical equivalence of all these radiation processes. Exact solution for one of the basic radiation problems is found with this method: emission of a particle passing through a cylindrical channel in a screen of arbitrary width and permittivity $\epsilon (\omega) = \epsilon^{\prime} + i \epsilon^{\prime \prime}$. Depending on geometry, the formula for radiated energy obtained describes different types of polarization radiation: DR, TR and CR. The particular case of radiation produced by the particle crossing axially the sharp boundary between vacuum and a plasma cylinder of finite radius is also considered. The problem of SPR generated when the particle moves nearby a set of thin rectangular strips (grating) is solved for the arbitrary value of the grating's permittivity. An exact solution of Maxwell's equations for the fields of polarization current density suitable at the arbitrary distances (including the so-called pre-wave zone) is presented. This solution is shown to describe transverse fields of polarization radiation and the longitudinal fields connected with the zeros of permittivity.


The invention discloses a vehicle-mounted omni-directional monitoring device and a monitoring method. The monitoring device comprises cameras, a power supply detecting unit, a local monitoring terminal and a remote monitoring terminal, wherein the cameras mainly comprise cameras on the left side, the right side, the front part and the tail part of a vehicle body; the power supply detecting unit is used for detecting electric energy input; the local monitoring terminal mainly comprises MCU (micro controller unit), an image processing module, an image displaying module, a memory module and a local communication module; the remote monitoring terminal mainly comprises a remote communication module, a server and a remote terminal. The power supply detecting unit detects the electric energy input, the MCU starts the cameras which capture video images, and after the video images are processed by the image processing module, the video images are displayed by the image displaying module and are memorized by the memory module. The remote communication module receives the video images from the local communication module, the video images are memorized by the server, and the remote terminal obtains and displays the video images memorized by the server via communication and connection in order to achieve the purpose of remote monitoring. Therefore, omni-directional monitoring is realized, and the number of monitoring dead zones is reduced.


Governance is a process by which the governments and other associated constituents collaborate to plan for efficient service delivery. Success of such an institutional arrangement becomes critical in an underdeveloped country like India, where means and access to quality of life parameters are grossly inadequate. Despite significant structural reforms initiated time to time, issues of corruption, mal-distribution of resources, procedural delays and many other such impediments in India, have put a big question mark on the efficacy and relevance of present dispensation of governances. Under the yoke of colonial legacy, fate of millions of the people in Indian subcontinent, even after six decades of post independence era, seem to be governed by the steel frame mindsets of the administrative apparatus. The major evidence of the mismatch between the proportionate delivery of the government to the emerging needs of the democratic aspirations of the masses has emerged as unrest in various Indian states viz. Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh (Naxalite Movement) and Jammu and Kashmir. Jammu and Kashmir is also a victim of this Diaspora, and the results are seen in the form of militancy. Radical reforms in the working of the government would involve a paradigm shift in the governance imperatives. The present study has been conducted in Jammu and Kashmir, India to evaluate the efficiency of service delivery mechanism by analyzing the functioning of the Public Distribution System in the state. The present study becomes important in the present era as it focuses on the state intervention to elevate poverty and hunger of the Below Poverty Line families in the Jammu and Kashmir State.


Change point is a statistic phenomenon, which has many direct applications in climatology, bioinformatics, finance, oceanography and medical imaging. In this thesis, we investigate the sensitivity of the F -test for detecting change points in linear regression, using a two-phase linear regression model. The two-phase regression model was first introduced by Lund and Reeves [9]; it offers an effective method to detect "undocumented" change points using a form of an F -test. Using simulated data, we explore its sensitivity and accuracy with respect to different parameters in the model.


The present invention describes a method for the reductive preparation and stabilization of functional metal nanoparticles in ionic liquids using elemental hydrogen, which makes it possible to adjust by a suitable choice of the ionic liquid used, the particle size and size distribution.


This paper analyses the diverse objectives of stateowned enterprises and presented the concept of responsibilityoriented quasimarketed enterprise. Based on discussion of the natural and organizational characteristics of such enterprises, ambiguous property rights regime is identified as the obstacle to the development of them. Besides, this paper examined the essential feature of privatization and loss of stateowned assets and drew the conclusion that the sustainable development of these enterprises lies in rational flow of stateowned assets and building up modern enterprise regimes.


Based on the abnormal wear problem of HXN5diesel locomotive in the operating process,this paper draw a conclusion from the experimental data:the abnormal wear problem of HXN5locomotive is mainly caused by the soft axle guiding stiffness in axle box play.Because the value of axle box play set to be reasonable,so put forward a solution to improve the abnormal wear problem that was increasing the axle guiding stiffness in axle box play,and suggested the stiffness optimization range from 0.54to 0.72MN/m.Finally, this paper made a dynamic simulation analysis for the optimization scheme,and the results show that increasing the axle guiding stiffness in axle box could play a beneficial role to increasing the lateral stability of locomotive,and improving the horizon ride index of the driver chamber slightly,but the stiffness does not much affect the derailment coefficient of outside wheel on curve passing.


This paper presents a formal speci � cation of the Hybrid Post-Quantum TLS protocol in Maude-NPA, toward a security analysis of the protocol, where Hybrid Post-Quantum TLS is a quantum-resistant version of TLS proposed by AWS as a preparation against future attacks from quantum computers. The proposed protocol uses a hybrid key exchange mode: one is a classical key exchange algorithm and the other is a post-quantum key encapsulation mechanism. One of our assumptions about the intruder's capabilities is that the intruder can break the security of the classical key exchange algorithm by utilizing the power of large-scale quantum computers. In the present paper, we focus on presenting how to formally specify the protocol in Maude-NPA, which is a well-known tool for analyzing the security of cryptographic protocols, so that later on we can conduct the formal analysis of the protocol with some security properties.


The present experiment was carried out during October 2018 to February 2019 in Research Field of Department of Horticulture, SHUATS, Prayagraj. The experiment was conducted in Randomized Block Design (RBD), with ten treatments, replicated thrice. the treatments were T1 (100% RDF), T2 (80%RDF+V.C 20%), T3 (60%RDF+V.C 40%), T4 (40%RDF+ V.C 60%), T5 (80%RDF+ Poultry manure 20%), T6 (60%RDF+ Poultry manure 40%), T7 (40%RDF+ Poultry manure 60%), T8 (80%RDF+ FYM 20%), T9 (60%RDF+ FYM 40%) and T10 (40%RDF+ FYM60%). From the present experiment it is found that treatment Combination T10 (40% RDF+ FYM 60%) was found to be the best treatment in terms of Plant growth, Yield and Quality of Gladiolus as compared to others and significantly gave higher Cost Benefit Ratio and minimum was recorded in treatment T1 (100%RDF) in all the parameters.


SUMMARY Various views have been expressed about the origin of the Red Sea Depression. Many earth scientists favour large-scale crustal separation and rotation of Arabia with respect to Africa—the paar theory; whereas a minority believe in a simple tensional origin. In the writer's view the almost "timeless" models presented by Drake & Girdler (1964) and Laughton (1966) are unacceptable because little of the available stratigraphic, structural and geo-morphological data was utilized in their construction. A tension system may have existed in the Red Sea area in late Pre-Cambrian and early Palaeozoic times. A depression existed in the northern part of the region in Carboniferous times and during Cretaceous times a tongue of Tethys occupied the northern and central portions of the depression. In Miocene times an extensive evaporite basin developed occupying most of the depression. The sill was situated in the Gulf of Suez Ayun Musa area. The main and central troughs developed as a result of tension in Pliocene and later times. The Gulf of Aqaba Depression was formed by a fault system continuous with Dead Sea System which originated in (?) early Cretaceous times. The northern and central parts of the gulf were invaded by the sea in Pleistocene times. The escarpments which bound the Red Sea Depression are in very few places fault or fault line scarps. Primarily they appear to be erosional features developed by pediplanation across the downwarped margins of the depression. In places, the shoulders and flanks were faulted later. In this way the uncon-formable nature of the contact, between the Mesozoic-Tertiary sediments and the Basement Complex (mainly Pre-Cambrian) which occurs at the foot of the escarpments, is best explained.


The application of permanent magnet generators in variable-speed applications is made difficult by the lack of a direct field control and the variation of the stator voltage with shaft speed and also with load. This paper presents the use of reactive power injection into the stator as a means of regulating the stator voltage. Design-oriented analysis of the machine stator current and reactive power requirements for this mode of operation leads to the conclusion that high machine saliency enables excellent terminal voltage regulation over a specified speed and load range while minimizing stator current requirements. It is shown that the incorporation of saliency into the permanent magnet generator can significantly reduce the size of the reactive current source and the stator current that is required to regulate the stator voltage during operation over a broad range of speeds and loads. Experimental results are presented to confirm the basic principles of this approach.


Thanks to the popularization of cell-phones and the application of 3G telecom technologies,cell-phone reading has become an updating vogue nowadays.The short-short story with its small-but-excellent feature nicely agrees with the cell-phone reading.Therefore,to boost the cell-phone print enjoys a promising prospect to popularize mass culture and to promote this cultural industry.The paper first discusses the ways of cooperation between the short-short story and Telecom Company for a double-win for both sides.The other way is to bring in the telecom talents so as to satisfy the readers′ multiple and individuating demands and to broaden the scope for the development of the cultural industry of short-short story,with which we can add more spiritual and material wealth to the society.


During highly uncertain times such as the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, it is vital to understand and predict individuals' responses to governments' crisis and risk communication. This study draws on the Orientation-Stimulus-Orientation-Response (O-S-O-R) model to examine (1) whether uncertainty reduction motivation (a pre-orientation factor) drove Americans to turn to traditional news media and/or social media (stimuli) to obtain COVID-19 information; (2) if these media preferences shaped their COVID-19 knowledge, cognitive information vetting, and trust in government communication (post-orientation factors); and finally (3) whether these factors contributed to their intended and actual behaviors (responses), such as getting vaccinated. Thus, this study explores how multiple communicative and cognitive mechanisms contribute to public compliance with government health recommendations during a pandemic. Mediation analyses showed positive indirect effects between uncertainty reduction motivation and behavioral outcomes via use of social media (in relation to traditional news media) and COVID-19 knowledge and cognitive information vetting. This study discusses theoretical and practical health communication implications of these findings.


Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a human herpesvirus which causes little or no disease in the immunocompetent. However, in immunocompromised individuals, neonates, or patients on immune suppressive therapies, HCMV can cause significant morbidity and mortality in some patient groups. As with all herpesviruses, HCMV has two life cycle phases: a productive phase, where new virions are produced and a latent phase where there is a restricted gene transcription profile and no new virion production. Currently available antivirals target the productive phase of HCMV infection and, although these have greatly decreased the severity of HCMV-induced disease in immunocompromised or immunosuppressed individuals, they often have associated toxicities, routinely result in selection of drug resistant viral mutants, and, importantly, they do not target cells latently infected with virus. Thus, there is a real need to derive novel antiviral therapies which, not least, are also able to target latent infection. In this paper, we describe recent work which has begun to analyse changes in the cell associated with latent infection and the possibility that these latency-associated changes in cell phenotype could be targeted by novel chemo- or immunotherapeutic strategies in order to diminish, or even clear, latent infection at least in some specific clinical settings.


This study was carried out to examine the effect of ethylene, which is evolved from organic materials applied to soil, on the growth of citrus trees.The roots were exposed to 0, 0.05, 0.5, 5, and 50ppm ethylene in the soil atmosphere for 4 weeks. Shoot elongation, total and root fresh weights, main root length, and succinate dehydrogenase activity of roots, were severely inhibited at and above 5ppm ethylene. Ethylene application also caused swelling of root tips and brownish coloration of roots. At 0 and 0.05ppm ethylene most root hairs were observed in patches in the zone 5-15mm behind the tip, and they were conical, papillate, and pear-shaped. With increasing ethylene concentration, however, the number of tubular-shaped root hairs increased. At 50ppm, most of the root hairs were withered or lost. Ethylene application also affected the contents of N, P, K, Ca and Mg in leaves, shoots, and roots. In soil where unfermented organic materials have been applied, ethylene has often been detected at concentrations high enough to inhibit growth.


The utility model relates to a table, in particular to a bookshelf desk, which is provided with a desk top, a desk case, a desk leg and a holding pole. The utility model is characterized in that: the desk top is composed of a front desk top and a back desk top; the back desk top is fixed to the desk leg; the front desk top is connected to the back desk top through a hinge; the desk top is provided with a layered desk case. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure and convenient textbook access, particularly being applicable for middle school students to use.


A binary extended 1-perfect code of length n + 1 = 2 t is additive if it is a subgroup of Z α 2 × Z β 4. The punctured code by deleting a Z 2 coordinate (if there is someone) gives a perfect additive code. 1-Perfect additive codes were completely characterized in [1] and by using that characterization we compute the possible parameters k, rank and dimension of the kernel for extended 1-perfect additive codes. A very special case is that of extended 1-perfect Z 4-linear codes.


In order to use waste vegetable oil as an alternative burner fuel, the fuel properties, combustion characteristics and exhaust emissions of waste vegetable oil methyl ester (WME) are investigated using an agricultural warm air furnace. The rapeseed oil methyl ester (RME) and the bunker A are also used for the comparison. From the experimental results, the fuel properties of WME are almost the same as that of RME expect for diglyceride content. Although the heating output of WME is lower than that of bunker A, the thermal efficiency of WME is almost the same as the bunker A with the same excess air ratio. WME has lower Smoke, NOx and SO2 emissions compared with the bunker A. WME has almost the same heating output, thermal efficiency and exhaust emissions as RME expect for CO emission. It is concluded that WME can be used as a burner fuel.


The specific sorption capacities of poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene) [i.e., (Sty)1−x (DVB)x samples for binary solutions of toluene (α = 1.98)] and a second solvent [i.e., heptane (α = <0.01), methanol (α = <0.06), acetone (α = 0.92) or chloroform (α = 3.00)] were correlated with the corresponding DVB mole fraction (x) in the sorbent polymer samples (0.01 < x < 0.11), with the volume fraction (z) of toluene in the sorbed binary liquid (which was cycled at least twice from z = 0 to z = 1 and back to z = 0 in increments of 0.1) and with the adsorption parameter (α) of the sorbed liquid. These correlations demonstrated that the sorption capacity during the initial transit from z = 0 to 1 reflects the molecular architecture in the original dry state. Once the samples have been swelled to saturation in toluene (z = 1), however, the "memory" of the former dry state is erased; thereafter the sorption capacity reflects only the architecture established in the fully swollen state, and the composition of the sorbed solution. The molecular nature of the solvent exchange processes is discussed in the text. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


The COVID-19 pandemic outbreak has affected the entire globe and various countries worldwide have faced educational crises that entailed the re-organization of educational institutions for coping with the complex reality. On the international level, exposure to administrative and pedagogical organization constitutes part of a global culture that allows learning from the experience of other educational institutions. Some of the educational institutions consider the crisis an unprecedented opportunity for the promotion of pedagogical processes. Conversely, others are more cautious and deliberate about the implications of the crisis for social aspects, e.g. social equality and justice, as well as for personal aspects. The proposed book aims to shed light on the way a faculty of education has been organized in this reality of crisis. The anthology of the book chapters enables readers to become aware of generic challenges and ways of coping in compliance with the education programs offered by the faculty. © 2022 by World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd.


The present paper is based on the exhaustive study of a collection of fourteenth and fifteenth century literary prose texts (short tales). It aims to reassess the function of the various complex groups of names used to refer to the main characters in the tales. These groups of names (ledit x, ung tel x, nostre x, bon x, and x or x) were first characterized by Jens Rasmussen in his 1958 study as belonging to the curial style. They will be examined here as key factors in constructing a textual reference. A comparative study of these groups as designators in the XV Joyes de Mariage and the Cent Nouvelles Nouvelles will highlight the main patterns governing their use.


Breast-cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL) is a negative condition that affects biopsychosocial aspects of patients treated with breast cancer. Yoga has been reported as one of the complementary and alternative approaches used by patients diagnosed with BCRL. The aim of this systematic review was to explore the effectiveness of yoga on BCRL.,A systematic literature was performed by searching existing papers from the electronic scientific databases. Five papers were exclusively examined. Four studies were conducted in women with BCRL, and one study was conducted with women at risk for BCRL.,Four types of yoga were evaluated in relationship with BCRL, namely: the Satyananda Yoga tradition, the modified Hatha yoga, the aerobic yoga training and the Ashtanga-based yoga practices. Four of five included studies reported that decrease in arm volume was not reported for all yoga-type interventions. One study showed no significant evidence that yoga was associated with limb volume change in women at risk of BCRL. Similarly, three studies reported that the change-of-arm-volume measures were not significantly different between the yoga and the control groups or in the same group before and after the yoga program. One quasi-experimental study reported arm volume significantly decreased after attending the yoga program.,This review reported the importance of being aware that yoga is not shown to be an effective strategy for managing or preventing BCRL. However, quality of research methodology, small sample sizes and the limited number of related studies should be acknowledged. Until more rigorous studies are performed, yoga may continue to be used as a complement to traditional therapy under the supervision of certified trainers.


We examine the relationship between MNC location choice across countries and the three dimensions (internal, external and environmental) of the national corporate responsibility index (NCRI) using corporate social responsibility (CSR) and international business theories. Based on multidimensional analysis using data from Accountability, Toyo Keizai and other sources, we find that Japanese MNCs are: more likely to locate their subsidiaries in countries with higher levels of corporate governance, ethical practices, and human capital development (the internal dimension), and this relationship is stronger for developed countries; and less likely to locate their subsidiaries in developed countries with higher levels of civil society development (the external dimension), but this relationship is not significant for developing countries; and the relationship between MNCs' location choice and the environmental dimension is not significant in either developed or developing countries. There exist complicated interactions among the three dimensions and a country's development stage in determining MNCs' location choice. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed in terms of extending CSR theories and attracting MNCs.


With the potential of the river through the Kampar of Kampar district, artificial reservoirs and some areas where the land is suitable for development of freshwater aquaculture has become the lifeblood of the district for the development of freshwater aquaculture Riau province have been used as minapolitan by the district directorate of aquaculture . The authors are interested in examining the government control of fishing effort in Kampar district. This study aims to determine the implementation of the monitoring conducted by the Department of Fisheries Kampar and the factors that affect the implementation of the surveillance . Control theory is the rationale in this study . The method used in this research is descriptive metoe analysis with qualitative approach that seeks to analyze the problems that arise in the field and tried to describe as clearly as possible. In the process of monitoring conducted by the Department of Fisheries Kampar district , there are some problems that occur due to oversight that does not work as expected , the problem is where the entrepreneur fish do not get effective coaching and also the lack of funding for entrepreneurs capitalize fish so that the fish businessmen sufficiently constrained to grow their businesses . This research was conducted in Kampar district Particularly in Reservoir Hydroelectric Koto Panjangsubdistrict XIII Koto Kampar , which is the key informants in this study is the Head of Department and Secretary of the Department of Fisheries , Sub Line of Business and Data , Business Sector Sub Fisheries Department of Fisheries , Head XIII Koto Kampar , Tanjung Alai village head , village head Merangin , Entrepreneur fish in hydroelectric reservoirs Koto Panjang , and community leaders . From the results of this study concluded that the lack of effective and weak supervision conducted by the Department of Fisheries Kampar district against businessman fish in reservoirs Hydroelectric Koto Panjangsubdistrict XIII Koto Kampar. Keywords : Expectation , Allocation , Performance Monitoring , and Corection Action.


Abstract A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the response to vesicular‐arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) infection of two species of Cassia and Gliricidia sepium in an oxisol with two levels of soil P. At P level optimum for VAM activity, comparable levels of VAM infection were observed on the roots of the test species. However, the species reacted differently to VAM infection. Hence, VAM inoculation significantly stimulated dry matter accumulation in C. spectabilis and G. sepium, but had no positive influence on this variable in C. reticulata. These differences were not explainable in terms of tissue P status, because P uptake was significantly enhanced by inoculation in all the species tested. At the higher soil P level, roots of all species were colonized by the inoculum, but colonization level in C. reticulata and G. sepium was reduced. Nevertheless, only C. spectabilis benefitted from the presence VAM endophytes at this level of soil P. The results underline the significance of ascertaining the myc...


Ground motion prediction equations (GMPEs) based on data collected on hydrocarbon extraction areas have to deal with lower magnitude and smaller distances compared to the natural seismicity. This study focuses on the Mirandola-Cavone oil field located in the Po Plain (Northern Italy), an area that has been struck by the Emilia earthquake sequence in 2012. We start with the compilation of a new homogeneous seismic catalogue, in terms of locations and moment magnitudes. The data come from the local network run by the industrial operator, integrated by the closest stations of the Italian seismic network managed by Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia. Subsequently, we calculate the intensity parameters of interest (e.g., Peak Ground Acceleration, Peak Ground Velocity and spectral values) for the available set of about 250 earthquakes. Lastly, we develop a functional form for the GMPE using software tools available at IS-EPOS Platform, derived for the geometrical mean of the horizontal components of seismograms. The resulting attenuation curve is calibrated for magnitudes higher than 0.1 and distances up to 50 km, appropriate for monitoring local seismicity. This work represents the first attempt to construct the GMPEs for an oil field in Italy, starting from the raw data, in support to the Italian Guidelines for monitoring seismicity, deformation and pore pressure in hydrocarbon extraction areas.


Publisher Summary This chapter discusses a means of assessing the rational design of crop protection schemes. One promising avenue is through genetic engineering of the cuticle to provide enhanced pathogen resistance and potentially eliminate the need for chemical sprays to be used to protect plant tissues and could enhance the cuticles resistance to fracture due to environmental conditions, such as heat waves and frost. When one considers the worldwide needs for a stable food supply to feed the ever-increasing population, such advances in nanoagriculture would be required. Chemical composition and surface morphology are thought to influence the efficacy of the cuticular barrier. The effective adsorption of foliar-applied agrochemicals should also be highly dependent on surface chemical composition of plant cuticles, as the cuticular surface composition and structure control the wettability and interaction of the plant with agriculturally important chemicals. The chapter also describes the approaches for the physical characterization of plant biopolymer surfaces and interfaces, ranging from determination of chemical composition to investigation of the surface structure and mechanical response of such materials.


We report on two significant incidental findings in a patient during the course of a routine Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) guided trans-bronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) procedure, namely smoking related bilateral vocal cord polyps, and pulmonary embolism. We discuss the sequence of events, the needed reassessment of risk/benefit analysis of the planned procedure and the rationale behind the decisions made as the case has evolved. Thoughtful stepwise approach to diagnosis and management through a real-time multidisciplinary collaboration resulted in a favorable outcome despite the complex medical scenario.


The problem of the systematization of law terminology is given in the article bellow. It is proved, that law terms should be studied systematically. The analyses of parts of speech and structural characteristic of law terms in English and Tatar languages are described.


Resilience is the capability of a system to survive high impact low probability (HILP) events like natural disasters or man-made hazards, and continually prepares itself to face the changing future. Although the possibility of a complete system collapse cannot be ruled out, however reducing the likelihood of such damage is a viable strategy. In this paper resilience assessment based on complex network architecture concept is illustrated. The damaged microgrid under a severe cyclonic storm can be reorganized using the survived nodes by effectively forming small segments. This holds the system for a longer duration by eliminating any chance of further degradation. This paper identifies critical buses in the 33-bus microgrid using complex network and component availability concepts. Prioritization of crucial nodes improves microgrid resilience to deal with prevailing conditions for a longer duration and improves responsiveness by lowering component recovery duration as well as overall restoration. The different responsiveness measures are compared to analyze the impact of severe cyclones on the microgrid's resilience.


The name of gwancheondae(觀天臺) means a sky-observing stand. It was a stand for ganeui(簡儀: a kind of torquetum) or soganeui(小簡儀: a kind of small torquetum). The name of ilyeongdae(日影臺) means sun-shadow stand. It was a stand for ilgu(日咎: sundial) or ilseongjeongsieui(日星定時儀: a kind of astrolabe). Ilseongieongsieui was an astronomical clock used for checking the nearby clepsydra for day and night. There is a stone stand designated for treasure No. 851 in Changgyeong Palace(昌慶宮). It is known as a gwancheondae for soganeui, but it is not a gwancheondae but an ilyeongdae for ilseongjeongsieui. It is the only stand for ilseongjeongsieui, and the stone stand located in Hyundae office building in Gye-dong is the only stand for soganeui remained till now.


This paper presents an experimental study that included casting and testing six reinforced concrete simply supported deep beams under two-point loads. Two of these, with homogenous cross-sections, were made using normal strength concrete (NSC) only. The other four deep beams of hybrid cross-sections were cast using reactive powder concrete (RPC) in the tension layer and normal strength concrete (NSC) in the compression layer. Experimental results showed that the partial use of RPC noticeably increased both the first cracking load and ultimate load. The ultimate load was found to be increased further as the thickness of the RPC layer increased. The behaviours in terms of load-deflection also became stiffer as the shear span to overall depth ratio (a/h) decreased.


The transport and noise properties of Pr_{0.7}Ca_{0.3}MnO_{3} epitaxial thin films in the temperature range from room temperature to 160 K are reported. It is shown that both the broadband 1/f noise properties and the dependence of resistance on electric field are consistent with the idea of a collective electrical transport, as in the classical model of sliding charge density waves. On the other hand, the observations cannot be reconciled with standard models of charge ordering and charge melting. Methodologically, it is proposed to consider noise-spectra analysis as a unique tool for the identification of the transport mechanism in such highly correlated systems. On the basis of the results, the electrical transport is envisaged as one of the most effective ways to understand the nature of the insulating, charge-modulated ground states in manganites.


The traditional routing protocols fail to work in incompletely connected ad-hoc networks and a mobile node may fail to be controlled because the link breaks off in such network. This paper proposes a proactive relay routing mechanism. A node that has packets to send depends on one or more intermediate nodes to relay packets to destination node; source node can maintain communication link between it and destination node through relay nodes. Simulation results show that relay routing mechanism realizes data transmission and increases the data delivery rate of the incompletely connected ad-hoc networks.


Simpson–Golabi–Behmel syndrome is an X‐linked recessive overgrowth condition caused by alterations in GPC3 gene, encoding for the cell surface receptor glypican 3, whose clinical manifestations in affected males are well known. Conversely, there is little information regarding affected females, with very few reported cases, and a clinical definition of this phenotype is still lacking. In the present report we describe an additional case, the first to receive a primary molecular diagnosis based on strong clinical suspicion. Possible explanations for full clinical expression of X‐linked recessive conditions in females include several mechanisms, such as skewed X inactivation or homozygosity/compound heterozygosity of the causal mutation. Both of these were excluded in our case. Given that the possibility of full expression of SGBS in females is now firmly established, we recommend that GPC3 analysis be performed in all suggestive female cases. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


Let R be a commutative ring with unity. The unit graph G(R) is defined such that the vertex set of G(R) is the set of all elements of R, and two distinct vertices are adjacent if their sum is a unit in R. In this paper, we show that for each prime, p,G(Zp) and G(Z2p) are eigensharp graphs. Likewise, we show that the unit graph associated with the ring Zp[x]∕x2 is an eigensharp graph.


The Cre‐loxP system has been recognized as a tool for conditional gene targeting in mice. However, most anti‐Cre antibodies fail to react with Cre expressed in vivo. In an attempt to directly detect Cre by antibodies in vivo, we constructed the tagged‐NCre (NCreMH) gene by connecting the human Myc and His tag sequences to the 3′ end of the NCre gene carrying a nuclear localizing signal (NLS) sequence. The production of NCre protein and the recombinase activity were detected after co‐transfection with pCMV‐NCreMH and pCETZ‐17 carrying the loxP‐flanked lacZ gene into NIH3T3 cells. This activity was also confirmed in vivo after gene transfer of pCMV‐NCreMH and pCRTEIL‐6 carrying loxP‐flanked HcRed1 and EGFP cDNAs, into oviductal epithelium by electroporation. Immunohistochemical staining using anti‐Myc antibody demonstrated that the area positive for enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) fluorescence was immunostained with the antibody. These findings indicate that NCreMH is useful as an alternative to NCre for gene targeting. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 73: 1345–1352, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


This study was carried out to assess the human health risk associated with a crude oil spill site in Emohua Local Government Area of Rivers State,  Niger Delta. The Total Content and Fraction's approaches were adopted to assess the human health risk. Total Content approach was carried out by comparing the concentration of various contaminants in the environmental media studied with the Intervention Values prescribed while the Fractions approach was carried out using RBCA Toolkit for Chemical Releases version 2.6. The results indicate that concentration indices for Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) were greater than the acceptable limit of 1.0 for both the maximum and mean concentrations in soil and groundwater, indicating unacceptable risk at this site. The result from the Fraction's approach showed that carcinogenic risks are identified for the site through the soil and grounwater exposure pathways as the Total Risk Values for soil (1.7 x10-3) and groundwater (5.6 x 10-1) are higher than the target risk of 1.0 x 10-5 while toxic effects risks are identified for all pathways in the site with Total Health Risk Index for all four pathways greater than the applicable limit of 1.0. Ingestion of groundwater for carcinogenic risk with risk value 5.6 x 10-1 and inhalation of indoor air for non-carcinogenic risk Health Risk Index of 1.0 x104 are identified as the major contributing exposure pathways at this study site. It was therefore concluded that the study site poses unacceptable risk to human health and needs immediate intervention.


We present in this paper the results of a theoretical study of electron impact broadening for several lines of the Ar VII ion. The results have been obtained using our quantum mechanical method and the semiclassical perturbation one. Results are presented for electron density 1018 cm−3 and for electron temperatures ranging from 2 × 10 4 to 5 × 10 5 K required for plasma modeling. Our results have been compared to other semiclassical ones obtained using different sources of atomic data. A study of the strong collisions contributions to line broadening has been performed. The atomic structure and collision data used for the calculations of line broadening are also calculated by our codes and compared to available theoretical results. The agreement found between the two calculations ensures that our line broadening procedure uses adequate structure and collision data.


The invention discloses a light-emitting component and a manufacturing method thereof. The light-emitting component includes a substrate, a first electrode, a light-emitting structure, a first insulating layer and a second electrode; the light-emitting structure is formed on the first electrode and comprises a first extrinsic semiconductor layer, a second extrinsic semiconductor layer and an active layer between the first extrinsic semiconductor layer and the second extrinsic semiconductor layer; the first insulating layer is formed on one side wall of the light-emitting structure; the second electrode is connected with the first extrinsic semiconductor layer; the first electrode is formed on the substrate and comprises a first branch, a second branch and a third branch, wherein the first branch is formed on one side wall of the first insulating layer, the second branch is formed beneath the first insulating layer, and the third branch is formed on one edge of the second extrinsic semiconductor layer.


Administration errors cause one third of preventable drug events.[1][1] Barcode-assisted medication administration (BCMA) is a tool that can help prevent this type of error.[2][2]

We conducted an observational before-and-after study in a surgical ward (28 beds) in a 555-bed community hospital in


The fixed point properties and abelianization of arithmetic subgroups Γ of SLn(D) and its elementary subgroup En(D) are well understood except in the degenerate case of lower rank, i.e. n = 2 and Γ = SL2(O) with O an order in a division algebra D with only a finite number of units. In this setting we determine property (FA) for E2(O) and its subgroups of finite index. Along we construct a generic and computable exact sequence describing E2(O). We also consider En(R) for n ≥ 3 and R an arbitrary finitely generated ring for which we give a short algebraic proof of the existence of a global fixed point when acting on (n−2)-dimensional CAT(0) cell complexes. The latter is called property (FAn−2). Thenceforth, we investigate applications in integral representation theory. We obtain a group and ring theoretical characterization of when the unit group U(ZG) of the integral group ring of a finite group G satisfies property (T). A crucial step for this is a reduction to arithmetic groups SLn(O) and finite groups G which have the so-called cut property. For such groups G we describe the possible simple epimorphic images of QG.


This letter proposes an omega-K algorithm for missile-borne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) diving with constant acceleration. The essence of the novel method is to derive a reference function multiplication from the equivalent range history. The true range history is divided into two parts: range independent and range dependent. After compensating the range-independent part with considering all the terms, we can regard the range-dependent part as an equivalent range history with a form similar to that of conventional SAR. Then, an analytical 2-D spectrum can be used for the omega-K algorithm. The proposed algorithm can handle general missile configurations with wide swaths and high squint angles. Simulation results are presented to validate the proposed method.


PRINCETON, NEW JERSEY account libcralization as a signal of commitmcnt to economic reform. Wc also summarizc thc empirical rcscarch on political determinants of capital controls. Another major issue in open-economy macroeconomics is sovereign debt, that is, the debt owed by a government to foreign creditors. hsucs of sovereign debt arc substantially different than those concerning nonsovereign debt and arc inherently political. For example, since it is oWed by the government, repayment decisions are not connectcd with any question of the ability to repay. With few exceptions, a borrower country has the technical ability to repay the debt, so that non-repayment is a political issue. In Section 12.8, we analyze basic models of sovereign ,c,, borrowing and its repayment, especially the role of penalties in enforcing repayment. We also consider the importance of political versus nonpolitical penalties in the decision of whether to issue debt at home or abroad. The final topic considered is foreign assistance, especially lending by governments and international financial organizations to developing countries for the purpose of structural adjustment. Our point of departure is the strikingly disappointing results that foreign aid programs have had in alleviating poverty and stimulating growth in the recipient countries, a failure that we argue reflects the political nature of aid. Foreign assistance is inherently political for a number of reasons. First, the incentives of the donors may be political, not only in the obvious sense that aid is often given for strategic political reasons, but also because the nature of aid (and especially its ineffectiveness) often reflects political and bureaucratic conflicts within the donor organizations. Second, the ineffectiveness of aid is also very much attributed to misappropriation by the recipients, where this is widely believed to reflect political factors. There are a number of models which formalize the role of political factors, as well as much empirical work detailing the role of political factors in explaining the ineffectiveness of aid.


Evaluation of quantitative parameters in the English language. The article touches upon different lexical and grammatical means of expression of quantitative parameters in the modern English language and means of representation of evaluative concepts 'much' and 'little'. Specific features of the processes of evaluative conceptualization and evaluative categorization are under study, as well as the notion of quantitative standard/norm as the reflection of collective shared knowledge.


The general layout for Specialized Synchrotron Radiation Source 4th generation SSRS 4 is under development by leading of National Research Center "Kurchatov institute". In the framework of a collaborative project with European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, the applied research on determination of the configuration and key technical parameters for the control and beam diagnostic systems for 4th generation Specialized Synchrotron Radiation Source – SSRS- 4 is going on. The preliminary view of the proposed control and diagnostic system is presented and discussed. SSRS-4 inherits the experience of the scientific community including a great ESRF expertise in control system development (as founder of TANGO), robust diagnostics and long operational experience on ESRF's accelerator.


Beach ridges on the Lake Plain of Lake Erie in northeastern Ohio are belts of highly permeable deposits of coarse sand and gravel. They were deposited on top of glacio-lacustrine clays and tills at ancient shorelines of the regressing Lake Erie, as the terrain rebounded isostatic ally in the wake of the last episode of the Wisconsinan glaciation. The formation is highly heterogeneous and permeable, with hydraulic conductivity values ranging widely from 0.3 to almost 1.0 m/d. It serves as the source of ground water to a large number of domestic water wells. The aquifer is recharged by local precipitation, with the seasonal ground water elevations oscillating as much as 1.2 m. Aquifer contamination by oil brines was detected in five domestic water wells located at distances from 148 to 214 m from the point source of the contamination. Assuming instantaneous injection of the contaminants, the computed range for the longitudinal and transversal dispersion coefficients is 60--105 m and 5--17.5 m, respectively.


In this paper the 2-reaction theory of synchronous machine analysis has been extended to obtain a synthesis procedure for 3-phase reluctance motors. Experiments were made on a motor with a rotor especially designed and constructed to conform with the assumptions of the generalized 2-reaction theory. Results of a differential analyzer investigation formed the basis for a method for simultaneous steady-state and optimum transient synthesis. In the synthesis procedure presented, the assumption is made that the desirable pullout torque, load torque to be pulled into synchronism, load inertia, supply voltage, supply frequency, and desired motor speed are specified. Certain stator laminations are assumed to be available. The maximum flux density in the stator teeth and the maximum current density in the stator conductors also are specified. The synthesis procedure then aims at obtaining the optimum design using the available stator laminations.


A reactive distillation plant is one of the most important and "delicate" functional components of a complex chemical plant. While its steady state modeling and simulation tend to become a standard today by using some well known dedicated software tools, only little is known about the dynamic simulation in the open literature. This paper presents the principles for a modern modeling approach with respect to reactive distillation processes, including the potential phase splitting detection. It is based on a classical model (pseudo-homogeneous) in connection with a robust and reliable phase splitting algorithm (through homotopy-continuation method), performed at each simulation step. A simple case-study (by applying this approach to a reactive distillation column for waste water treatment) is briefly presented. All simulation scenarios revealed a good agreement between simulation results and the real system behavior, much better than using a classical pseudo-homogeneous mathematical model.


p. 23. I consider the remarks about nitrate concentration to be incomplete. First, the nitrate measurements are for "standing crop" of nitrate, not its flux. That is, if microbes are rapidly shuffling nitrate molecules, then a small amount of free nitrate in the water doesn't measure the nitrate activity of the flux. A large "standing crop" of nitrate in the water provides no information about the use of the nitrate. Perhaps most importantly, all algae will utilize ammonia and the flux for ammonia can be very high – almost none measurable in the water but because of the high flux, it is sufficient for growth. In summary, total nitrogen in the system is an indicator of potential system production because all cells have nitrogen and they have nitrogen in roughly the same amounts (of course, higher in organisms with biliproteins, lower in cells with lots of fat, etc.). One should keep in mind the great story that unveiled during the discovery and culture of Prochlorococcus. It was found in greatest cell numbers when nitrate values were high, and therefore it was concluded that it needed lots of nitrate. However, it requires ammonia (rarely nitrite), it cannot use nitrate, and the high nitrate measurements were completely misleading.


The paper describes the planning, production and show presentation systems required for the unusual multi-screen techniques of this exhibit. The film projection, sound and control equipment are discussed and performance data given.


Treatment of myasthenia gravis has depended largely on high‐dose corticosteroids for decades. Although this procedure remarkably reduced the mortality rate of myasthenia gravis, it highlighted issues such as the adverse‐effects of steroids and reduction in quality of life. With the recent discovery of novel autoantibodies, a numbers of alternative therapeutic options have become available. The new Japanese clinical guidelines for myasthenia gravis were published in 2014, and they proposed a novel treatment strategy utilizing these therapeutic options, which might replace high‐dose steroids. They also proposed a draft of new diagnostic criteria. The present review introduces the essence of these guidelines and shares the fundamental philosophy of the treatments that value the patients' quality of life.


Background: We have previously shown that transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) co-overexpressing Angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) and Akt prevented cell apoptosis, enhanced angiogenesis and improved heart function. The current study elucidated the underlying mechanism. Methods and Results: MSCs were adenovirally transduced with genes encoding for green fluorescent protein (group-1) as control, Akt (group-2), Ang-1 (group-3) and both Akt and Ang-1 (group-4). After 48 hours of transduction, the cell lysate and conditioned medium from each group was collected. Simultaneous transduction of Akt and Ang-1 in group-4 synergistically enhanced transgenes overexpression besides showing significantly higher expression of HIF-1 α , HO-1 and VEGFR2 as compared with group-2 and 3. Western blot showed that HIF-1 α specific RNA interference markedly reduced HO-1 and VEGFR2 protein expression in group-4. Paracrine release of VEGF (pg/ml) in conditioned medium (CM) from group-4 MSCs was the highest as determined by ELISA and abolished after HIF-1 α silencing by siRNA. Highest expression of VEGFR2 in group-4 MSCs was also confirmed by fluorescent immunostaining and flow cytometry. Four hours of VEGF treatment induced higher tube formation in group-4 as compared to group-1 MSCs. In transwell migration assays, VEGF exerted a stronger chemoattractant effect on group-4 as compared with group-1 MSCs. Group-4 MSCs showed higher expression of VEGFR2 after transplantation into a rat myocardial infarction model. Transplantation of group-4 MSCs also promoted the mobilization of VEGFR2 positive cells into the cell transplanted region. Conclusion: Co-overexpression of Ang-1 and Akt synergizes release of HIF-1 α dependent angiogenic mediators and promotes endothelial differentiation as well as recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells into the cell transplanted area to enhance angiogenesis.


We used photoacoustic microscopy (PAM) to assist diagnoses and monitor the progress and treatment outcome of complex regional pain syndrome type 1 (CRPS-1). Blood vasculature and oxygen saturation (sO2) were imaged by PAM in eight adult patients with CRPS-1. Patients' hands and cuticles were imaged both before and after stellate ganglion block (SGB) for comparison. For all patients, both the vascular structure and sO2 could be assessed by PAM. In addition, more vessels and stronger signals were observed after SGB.


Peripheral T-cell lymphoma is one of the most common subtype of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in China.Application of molecular biological methods,such as gene expression profiling,has increased our understanding of the unique pathogenesis and prognosis of this disease.Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and new antineoplastic drugs used in clinic have significantly improved the outcomes of this disease.


The present invention relates to an electrode active material slurry coating apparatus which is capable of coating an active material slurry on an electrode current collector, the apparatus comprising: a transfer unit for continuously transferring an electrode current collector in a predetermined process direction; and a coating die which is capable of reciprocating in the process direction or in the opposite direction of the process direction and coating the active material slurry in a predetermined coating area of the electrode current collector being transferred by the transfer unit, wherein the coating die is held at a predetermined coating start position and coats a balcony area with an active material slurry while moving from the coating start position to the main coating position spaced at a predetermined distance in the opposite direction when the balcony area corresponding to the tip of the coating area reaches the coating start position.


To compare single‐ with double‐layer closure of the uterus for the risk of uterine rupture in women attempting vaginal birth after one prior caesarean delivery.


Interviews present a puzzle: Research suggests they are of little value in screening hires, and yet they remain pervasive. Using a longitudinal dataset from a large call center company, we find that interviewers vary in quality along three dimensions of performance: making offers, convincing candidates to join the company, and screening for durable and productive hires. The variation in interviewer performance is larger for the first two dimensions than for screening. Furthermore, interviewers improve over tenure on the first two dimensions, while their ability to screen remains stagnant. Interviewers who are good at making offers are also good at convincing the candidate to accept them, and they do so without sacrificing quality of hire. We find that the company could realize cost savings of over 40 percent of its hiring and recruiting budget by reassigning interviews to their best interviewers. Thus, interviewer performance, especially in often-ignored dimensions, can have a major impact on search and matching of employers and employees.


Long-term fertilization trial was established in Epicalcari-Endohypogleyic Cambisol in 1971. Experimental data of the period 1998-2000 on the influence o f mineral fertilizers on the soil biological activity and plant productivity are presented. It shows, that the long-term annual fertilization with 180 kg ■ ha-1 dose o f phosphorus in combinations with nitrogen and potassium fertilizers increases the amount o f mobile phosphorus in soil. Also the negative influence on urease activity was observed. Mineral fertilizers inhibited dehydrogenases activity, however it influence on sacharase activity was less in soil. The highest respiration intensity was in soil amended with all NPK fertilizers. The productivity of cultivated plants correlated best with the dehydrogenases activity and the soil respiration intensity.


In this work we report the growth of high quality, fully epitaxial, mono-crystalline Pb (Zr0.5T0.5)O3 thin films with step flow growth mode by PLD. For the first time the study of self-polarization in doped mono-crystalline PZT thin films using PFM is presented. The direction of self-polarization in pure PZT on SRO is upwards whereas that of Fe dopes PZT is downwards. The behavior is explained by trapped oxygen vacancies at the film-electrode interface as well as lead vacancies gradient in the bulk.


In this paper we propose a new cross-sectional asset pricing model employing a Young-minus-Old (OMY) factor, which accounts for long-run post-IPO underperformance. The OMY factor might be also seen as a measure of market sentiment. We test the model using stock returns from the Warsaw Stock Exchange, second most active IPO market in Europe after London, in the period from April 2001 to January 2014. We form portfolios double-sorted on size and age and attempt to explain their returns with the new model and also the traditional, well-established models such as CAPM and the Fama-French three-factor model. The CAPM and F-F models are rejected, while our model explains the returns well. Additionally, wedeliver fresh out-of-sample evidence for the long-term underperformance of initial public offerings in Poland. The anomaly is particularly strong among the small companies.


Background: Laparoscopic assisted vaginal hysterectomy (LAVH) has become an alternative to Total Abdominal Hysterectomy (TAH) in cases difficult to manage via vaginal route. To compare the TAH and LAVH for benign uterine pathology.Methods: This prospective study conducted with the outcomes of Laparoscopic assisted vaginal hysterectomy with Total abdominal hysterectomy over a period of 2 years in 100 patients who are undergoing hysterectomies for benign uterine pathology. 50 underwent TAH and 50 underwent Laparoscopic Assisted Vaginal hysterectomy.Results: The average duration of surgery in TAH group is 50 minutes and it is 75 minutes in LAVH group (P<0.05). In TAH group, blood loss was more (250-500ml) in 28% of patients, where as it was <250 ml in 92% of patients in LAVH group. Mean blood loss is 238 ml and 130 ml in TAH and LAVH group (P<0.01). Only 3 (6%) patients in LAVH group required blood transfusion (P>0.05). Recovery and return to work after discharge from hospital was early with LAVH group as early. Recovery and return to work after discharge from hospital was early with LAVH group as early as 2 weeks in 46% of patients. In TAH group, it was late by 4 weeks in 52% of patients and by 6 weeks in 10% of patients.Conclusions: Thus, it can be concluded that LAVH is safe with less blood loss, shorter duration of hospital stay, early recovery to work, and other intra-operative and post-operative complications.


Results of investigations of requirements and design concepts for large solar-reflecting spacecraft are given. The emphasis is on the one kilometer diameter self contained spacecraft that can be packaged and launched in the space shuttle. The configuration consists of a compression rim stabilized by stays coming from each end of the central compression hub. The stays are stowed on reels on the ends of the hub. The hub consists of two Astromasts which are deployed after launch. The reflector membrane is a two micron thick Kapton film with a vapor deposited aluminum coating.


Table 1. Evaluation of light intensity and fertilizer rate (Osmocote 19N-3P-10K) on growth of Aglaonema 'Silver Bay' liners grown in 15cm containers. This trial was initiated 15 Mar. 1988 and data were taken 6 months later, on 21 Sept. 1988. 'Silver Bay' Aglaonema R.J. Henny, R.T. Poole, and C.A. Conover University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Central Florida Research and Education Center, 2807 Binion Road, Apopka, FL 32703


Patients who are Jehovah's Witnesses are known to the medical community for frequently declining blood products, even at times of life-threatening anemia. Alternatives to red blood cell transfusion are being developed, including hemoglobin (Hb)-based oxygen carriers. We present the case of a 77-year-old male Jehovah's Witness who underwent a cystoprostatectomy and radical nephrectomy with a postoperative Hb nadir of 4.5 g/dL. He received an Hb-based oxygen carrier, PEGylated carboxyhemoglobin bovine (Sanguinate), with gradual improvement in anemia symptoms and eventual discharge to a short-term rehabilitation facility.


The Euclid mission is the second M-class mission of the ESA Cosmic Vision programme, with the principal science goal of studying dark energy through observations of weak lensing and baryon acoustic oscillations. Euclid is also expected to undertake additional Legacy Science programmes. One such proposal is the Exoplanet Euclid Legacy Survey (ExELS) which will be the first survey able to measure the abundance of exoplanets down to Earth mass for host separations from �1 AU out to the free-floating (unbound) regime. The cold and free-floating exoplanet regimes represent a crucial dis covery space for testing planet formation theories. ExELS will use the gravitational microlensing technique and will detect over 400 microlensing events per month over 1.6 deg 2 of the Galactic bulge. We assess how many of these events will have detectable planetary signatures u sing a detailed multi-wavelength microlensing simulator — the Manchester-Besanc microLensing Simulator (MaBµLS) —


This paper examines the Workers' Level Schedule data from the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA, 2005) evaluation study, India. The data help us draw insights on the efficacy of implementation of the Act in 12 states of India on the basis of responses of rural unskilled workers. The empirical evidence provides in-depth insights on high variations in market and MGNREGA wages, food grains consumption and farm yield among different States even after 15 years of implementation. In addition to various statistical measures, the study also incorporates logistic regression models to investigate the factors affecting an affirmative response of workers when asked about the increment in three indicators in the post-MGNREGA intervention. We conclude unless location-based regional parameters are included in the Act, such a Pan-India policy is impossible to reach the door of rural poor in an extremely heterogeneous country like India.


Hydrogen‐terminated Si(111) surfaces were patterned on the nanometer scale by field‐induced oxidation with a conducting‐probe scanning force microscope. The same scanning force microscope tip was then used to measure the resulting sample topography and its local tribomechanical properties. The formation of oxide patterns with homogeneous height up to several nanometers is accompanied by a relative increase of the friction force of up to ∼30% over the oxide layers which scales linearly with oxide height. Force modulation microscopy in the resonance mode provides a material contrast between the oxide layer and the surrounding substrate.


Abstract In the previous papers, this author has briefly reported on a correlation between behavioral states and the EEG in the enucleated young chick (Ookawa, 1969, 1970). It would be of interest to know whether the blind bird will grow up or not, so that one of the blinded birds was brought up until about 7 months of age and comparing with an intact control. This paper will describe the relation between the EEG and behavior in a blind cockerel. Furthermore, the state of the comb and testes of this bird was noted. In this case, both eyes of a male White Leghorn chick were removed on 14th to 15th day after hatching. The second eye was removed 1 day after the first. Records were taken both on 49th day and on 182nd day after the enucleation. The EEG recording techniques have been described fully in the earlier papers (Ookawa and…


Household survey data point to declining poverty over the past decade, despite some difficulties with data from three provinces. Indeed, Pakistan has turned economic growth into poverty reduction. In Punjab (the largest province, where the data appear more reliable and are thus analyzed in more detail), poverty has fallen considerably, from 33.5 percent in 2001/02 to 16.4 percent in 2007/08, after adjusting for higher food prices. This improvement was driven largely by increasing returns in the nonfarm sector, in both urban and rural areas. Over the period, the growth of per capita consumption of the bottom 40 percent of Punjab's population exceeded Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita growth. Subsequently, over 2007/08-2010/11, per capita real consumption growth in Punjab was stagnant, and the equality of opportunity for primary education completion rates seemed to improve but alongside a slowdown in the rate of improvement in indicators for water and sanitation and for primary enrollment. Nationwide, the rate of improvement for gas and electricity deteriorated. Institutionally, there is a need for an independent expert committee to work with the Pakistan Bureau of statistics to strengthen poverty monitoring.


This paper explores the organizational and management consequences of the changing policy environment facing public sector education in England and Wales over the past 10 years. In particular it considers how far arguments about thereplacement of olderbureau-professional' forms of organizational order by moremanagerialist' forms in the public sector in general can be applied to the specific case of education. The paper begins by reviewing the major policy changes that have affected schools and colleges since1988. Drawing on published studies from these sectors,it then considers a number of themes:changing roles of senior and middlemanagers;changes in managerial and organizational culture; and changes in specific aspects of management. Emphasizing thetentativenatureof the evidence, the paper identifies some common trends which imply a movement towards managerialism in many institutions. However, it also identifies areas wheretheposition is less clear and suggests a number of factors which may explaindifferencesof experience.Itemphasizes theimportanceof not reifying a previousgolden age' of colle- giality and concludes that what is being experienced is a complex and dynamic process of adjustment between old and new organizational and managerial forms.


The problem of planning a path for minimizing the distance the mobile robot has to traverse to accomplish the task of gathering the data stored in a spatially distributed wireless sensor network is a kind of Traveling Salesman Problem with Neighborhoods (TSPN). We proposed a one-hop data-gathering scheme using clustering-based genetic algorithm (CBGA) that performs well: following the planned route, the robot can gather all data from all sensors while the travel cost of the robot decreases obviously. Further comparative simulation results of CBGA with other solutions of TSPN in a network with identical sensing radius or random sensing radius are presented in this paper to reveal the relative performance of each solution scheme and highlight the effect of clustering, the role of GA in route design. In particular, we demonstrate the scalability of CBGA to large-scale network and quantitatively reveal the significant path length reduction, showing the advantages of integration of clustering and GA.


The Carnian to Norian sediments, as much as 600 m in total thickness, recovered from ODP Sites 759 and 760 on the Wombat Plateau, are generally represented by fluvial-dominated deltaic successions. In general, the Carnian to Norian sandstones are quartzose. The average ratio of monocrystalline quartz grains, total feldspar grains, and total lithic fragments (i.e., Qm:F:Lt ratio) is 71:22:7. This indicates that they were derived mainly from the transitional continental and cratonic interior provenance terranes, such as the Pilbara Precambrian block to the south of the Wombat Plateau. The upper Carnian sediments, however, are characterized by more feldspathic sandstone petrofacies. They typically contain some volcanic rock fragments with trachytic texture and indicate the onset of the incipient rift-related tectonic movement, such as uplift and subsequent abrupt basin subsidence, together with volcanism in the Gondwana continental block. Mixed siliciclastic and carbonate cycles are typically intercalated in the prodelta to delta front deposits that developed mainly in a lagoon-like, restricted marine environment. The restricted marine environment developed during transgressions as the outflow of shallow water was restricted by depositional barriers. Around the barriers and/or delta lobes, carbonate shoals/banks were probably developed and the allochemical components of the neritic limestones may have been transported into the restricted marine environment by overwash processes and/or storm waves. Siliciclastic detritus, on the other hand, was mainly derived accompanied by delta progradation dominated by fluvial processes in the restricted marine environment. Therefore, we interpret the mixed siliciclastic and carbonate cycles in the deltaic successions to be a result of transgression-regression cycles in a deltaic system during the Late Triassic.


Diabetes‐induced hyperglycemia disrupts mitochondrial energy metabolism and increases oxidative stress. 670 nm light‐emitting diode photobiomodulation (PBM) has been shown to protect mitochondria, attenuate oxidative damage and improve cell survival in experimental and clinical investigations. We tested the hypothesis that 670 nm photobiomodulation would attenuate hypoglycemia‐induced cardiotoxicity in a model of type I diabetes, the streptozotocin (STZ)‐treated rat. Wistar rats were randomly assigned into 3 treatment groups: Control (CON), STZ‐treated (STZ) [50 mg/kg, ip] and 670 nm NIR treated [5 min; 15 J/cm2) STZ‐diabetic rats (NIR). After 98 days of diabetic hyperglycemia animals were euthanized. The heart was harvested, flash frozen and stored at −80 C until analyzed. STZ‐induced diabetes depleted total antioxidants, increased the ratio of oxidized to reduced glutathione, increased nitrotyrosine, decreased catalase, decreased thioredoxin reductase and increased caspase‐3 activity in heart tissue. NIR treatment prevented these cytotoxic actions of STZ. The results support our hypothesis that NIR photobiomodulation attenuates oxidative stress in diabetic cardiomyopathy and suggest that it has therapeutic potential as a cytoprotective strategy for the treatment of diabetes and other chronic degenerative diseases. (RGI [UWM]; BTA [State of Wisconsin]).


In this paper, we propose a novel spectrum-aware clustering scheme for distributed coordination in CSMA/CA-based cognitive radio networks (CRNs). The proposed scheme employs a CSMA/CA mechanism to asynchronously organize neighboring CR users with similar views to spectrum into virtual clusters, and coordinate their communications using locally available common control channels (CCCs). Our scheme differs from existing cluster-based schemes in that it exploits the Discrete Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (D-OFDM) technology to reduce neighbor-discovery time and facilitate inter-cluster communication and broadcasting. Our scheme enables efficient control channel migration, provides higher bandwidth to CR users and reduces the frequency of re-clustering. Two variants of our scheme are presented that provide different cluster size based on the considered neighborhood area. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme outperforms existing cluster-based coordination schemes without imposing synchronization.


Problems with stoma care are increased with age, however, the elderly ostomate can lead a full and active life with a stoma. In the first of two articles on stoma care, Julia Williams discusses the nurses role in informing and educating clients in stoma care.


The article deals with the system of targets for decision-making in the fi eld of space activity development. The developed domestic space technologies and information systems for monitoring nanosatellites are of particular importance. A comparative assessment of strategic decisions when investing money in various objects of space activity is given. The analysis of companies in the space industry in the formation of economic relations regarding the distribution of a controlling stake is carried out.


In order to solve problems of high cost,large occupied area and serious pollution,the paper proposed a design scheme of control system of underground jugging and gangue-backfilling,and introduced hardware constitution,communication mode,control process and software design of the system.In the system,upper computer uses iFIX configuration software to real-timely monitor and control field devices,lower computer uses S7-300 PLC and STEP7 software to realize functions of jigging control,gangue,coal cleaning,processing of slime water and emergency treatment,and MT8000 touch screen realizes human-computer interaction.The system realized underground jigging and gangue-backfilling in Xingdong Coal Mine for the first time in the whole country and got a perfect effect without any fault in running.