s of EAACI 1990 meeting 79 P I 9 8 IMMUNDGLOBULINS IN HEMODIALVZED PATIENT5 (HD-pts) P 2 0 0 ^"^^ SUBCLASSES AND IGA IN OBSTRUCTIVE AIRWAYS DISEASE IN EARLY CHILDHOOD. *A.Castiglione,'G.O'Aloya,"C.Sorgato, Dpt.Immunohaematology 'Dpt.Nephrology and Dialysis Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Milan, ITALY The function and the levels of immunoqlobulins in HD-pts are controversial. We investigated the serum levels of IgC,IgA,IgM,IgE and the distribution of igC subclasses in 58 HD-pts(18 males-2D females; mean age W+l^i yrsjmean time on HD 43+45 months). JO healthy subjects[23 males-5 remales;mean age 44+12 yrs) constitoed the control group (CG).IgG,IgA and IgM levels were measured by nephelometry;IgE and IgG subclasses were analysed by an immunoenzymatic method.Ihe statistical evaluation was made by t 5tudent test. The mean immunoglobulin levels in our pts were in the normal range. The table shows the lqG subclasses distribution; HD-pts CG lgGl 644+395 729+268 lgG2 476+J58 , 323+232 IgG3 69+34 " 39+14 IgG4 44+36 49^0 • PiD.D5 "P^O.OOl The results are expressed as mg/dl We first report an increased level of lgG2 and IqG3 in HD-pts. The continous antigenic exposition to dialytic materials may explain the different IgG subclasses distribution in our pts, but further studies are needed to better understand this phenomen. A B Solheim^. K H Carlsen' A Danielsen 0 J Mellbye" 1 Nycomed Pharma AS , Ullevil Hospital Institute of General and Rheurei to logic Immunology, Oslo, NORWAY iqG subclass levels were measured by ELISA assay using monoclonal antibodies to antigenic determinants localized at Fab region of the IgG molecule, IgA was measured by a turbidirtietrie method. Infants hospitalized due to acute bronchiolitis and children below i years of age with bronchial as thma were studied and compared to the values of healthy children. Preliminary results show that infants with acute bronch lolitis (n»29) compared with healthy infants (n=19) had significantly lower values of IgGl (P<0.01). Children between one and two years of age with bronchial asthma (n=291 had significantly lower values of IciG2 than healthy infants [P<0.03). Far infants with bronchial asthma (n=17) IgA values were significantly higher than for healthy infants (P<:0.02). For the other subclasses of IgG no significant differences were found. Possibly, the development of bronchial asthma in infants and small children is associated with disturbances in synthesis of subclasses IgG as well as in IgE. S-. OP THE OF TOT.̂ L SUIWA IpS LSTSIS i n THE COUHBT IMJrUTJODK ÎCSJJtrr HUMAN VIRUS PI QQ D.J.Gutierrez Fdez.tJ.Gutierreg Pdea.jA.Gaudes P6— res,F.MuBtai'a Samaraclc and .liSenra Varela. General Pathology Chair Department of Internal Medecino Clinic Hospital V.oreno de Mora School of Kodecine Cadiz.-(SFArO I t i s an study of de Total Serum I;^ lovela in 21 EI7 infected individuels and l8i f.'omal Controls.There are two ŝ roupa of IIT7 infected) -Group lt]'.T7 positivw healti^ indivldijals(n-12)del maleH, -(iroup IIi.lIIlS patierrta(n»9) ,7 oales and 2 females. The mean of both /;T<iupa were compared betMeen each other and with that of 181 rormal Controls(95 [nales and 86 females). The Total Serum If^ was moaBuî d by 3LISA prooadure (HAMLHT—I Alielld). The rr»an values of Total Sera-n If^ were!27,34(SD-18,9)Ul/ml in Normal ControlB([lo differences were observed between imles and foinaloa)j24,4i(SIhi24,2)in:/ml in Group l(!mr positive helthy indivldijalB)ajid 59.54(SD-7O,Ol)Ul/iia in Group uiklDS patients) . There ia atat iat icaly significant difference between Groups I and n ( ^ , 0 0 2 ) a n d between Group I and Kormal ControlB(i^iO,054) and Group II and Normal Control{PCO|0001). CONCLOSIONiIn the AIDS patients the mean value of Total Serum I ^ iB elevated in relation with Normal Controls;b\rt not in HIV inforted helthy individuals. • P 2 0 1 EfFECT OF NON SPECIFIC LMMUKOMODULATION ON T AND B LYMPHOCYTES M.Laura Palma-Car los , .'•LConceigao P .Santos , A.C. Palma-Car los CHIUL-INIC, I n s t . I m u t i o l o g i a , Fac .Med ic ine , Lisboa P o r t u g a l The e f f e c t of nan s p e c i f i c immunoniDdulation on T and B lymphocv ces has been s t u d i e d . Two d i f f e r e n t ' p roduc t s have been used ; a b a c t e r i a l i y s a t e (Broncho-Vaxom (BV)-OM, Geneva) and a mix tu re o£ b a c t e r i a l Ribosomes a s soc ia t ed with a peptidoglycane adjutant from Klebs ieUa pneumonias, Ribomunyl (Rb) P ie r re Fabre, Uastris France. Both products have been given during 3 months on a t co r dance with the schedules proposed by the manufacturer: 1 capsule TU days each month during J months for B.V. and 3 t a b l e t s H days a week, during 3 weeks followed by I week treatment each month for Rb. 15 asthmatic p a t i e n t s without innnunotherapv have been included in each group. The nutnber of Pan I (CD^), he lperinducer (CD4) supressor cy to toxic (CDS) Pan B (CD^i) and ac t iva ted lymphocytes ICD25) has been Studied by iramunofiuorometry wl th labeled monoclonal an t ibod ies before and a f t e r t rea tment , Int t i a l mean percent values were for the flV groupr CD2 bb.ltl,:, " CD4 uU,\*,,l, CDB :5,3-f3,9, CD22 14,9+8,6, CDJ5 3 . J + 1 , ; Ind for the Rb group CQ2 b7,2*&,], CIW 46,i.*.5,5, CD8 25,0*iT6, 0022 U.3 jf4.9, CD25 3 , 4 * 3 , ; . After t reatment the mean values were for the BV group CDJ tb,i*9.2, CDA 41,91-6,6, CD8 2^ ,5*? ,5 , CD22 18.6ti,6 CD25 3,3-i-l,7 and for the Rb group CD2 7U,U5 ,a . CD4 39,4*7,5" CDS 25,4+6,0. CD;2 11.5+4,b, CD25 3,4+2,3 (N .S . ) . Theae~results show tha t in t h i s short period there are no s ign i f i c an t changes in Che per iphera l blood T and B p a t t e r n s a f t e r nor spec i f i c itamunomodulation. 80 Clinical and E.xperimental Allergy, 1990, Volume 20, Supplement 1 P202 ' ' • EFFECT OF INTERFEROK-J IN CHRONIC GRANULONATOUS DISEASE G.Monaco, "i-i.M.Haniionna, D.tfiggiano, "C.Cacciapuot i . "D.De Mat t ia , "C.Pignata Dept. of Pediat r ics, University of Naples,°Bari and "fieggio Calabria,"Serv. Immunohematol. ana Tras. tiaples, I t a l y . P 2 0 4 CHEST HADIOGRAPKIC GRAEINC CF EXTRINSIC * " ^ ALLERGIC ALVEOLITIS J. JaaKkola, K Partanen, E Ter-ho, L rUemltukla and S Soimakalllo Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University Central Hospital , 70210 Kuoplo, SF-Finlard Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is an hereditary disorder •ue to def ic ient l n t race l l u la r k i l l i n g of microorganisms because of the f a i l j r e of membrane-associated NADPH oxydase system.Recen t l y , p a r t i a l correct ion of metabolic a c t i v i t y of phagocytes f ro .. ^Hu patients was reported af ter in v i t r o and in vivo featnen '..'itii Interferon-j* ( IFN-^). In the K-linked type,with absence of c. tochrome b (X-L p-), the ef fect of IFN-y was present only in vi vAj.We report an addit ional case of in v i t r o IFN-^ treatment in a CiiD patient (male,10 years).Diagnosis of X-L 3CGD was made on the basis of c l i n i c a l history (recurrent severe pyogenic inf ectiors),absent capacity of N6T reduction,negative chemilumines cence analysis af ter PMA stimulus,and absence of cytochrome b by spettrophotonetry.The evaluation in the mother's ce l ls showed a CGD heterozii_.ous status.The pat ient 's and mother's granulocytes were treated with 100 and 200 U/ml IFN-^ (Biogen) by incubation at 37°C.After 40,150.240 min no differences from Daseline values were observed for NBT and chemiluminescence analysis both in pat ien t and mother.Our results confirmed that in X-L pCGD in v i t ro treatment with IFN-y did not influence phagocytes metabolic a c t i v i t y . I n vivo IFN-Jr therapy is in progress. We nave analyzed the acute phase radiographs of 107 consecut ive p a t i e n t s with c l i n i c a l l i conflrraed e x t r i n s i c a l l e r g i c a l v e o l i t i s . Three readers Independently recorded the profusloh and the type of o p a c i t i e s according to the s tandard ILO c r i t e r i a extended with c a t e g o r i e s x , y , z and ground g l a s s for d e s c r i p t i o n (Radiology 1983j1^9J353). The profusion or the changes was grade 0 in 13 %, grade 1 in 37 %, grade 2 ln 35 % and grade 3 In 15 % of the i n t e r p r e t a t i o n s . The type of predominant small o p a c i t i e s was p in 33 %, x in 22 %, s in 13 %, t ln 10 %, q in 9 X and O , r ,u ,y and z in 13 % of the i n t e r p r e t a t i o n s . Ground g l a s s dens i ty was seen in 8 X of the r e c o r d i n g s . The cnanges were preflorainantly ln the middle and lower zones of the i ungs . For comparison, according to Hapke' s c l a s s i f i c a t i o n (Thor-aK 1 968 ; 23 : i.5 1 ) , m i l l a ry changes (68X1 predominated over f i b r o t i c (271) and normal l i i%l r e c o r d i n g s . The s e m i q u a n t i t a t i v e s t andard ized modified ILO scheme was considered more informat iv* than Hapke's d e s c r i p t i v e c l a s s i f i c a t i o n for ep ldemlologica l and r e sea rch purposes . P 2 0 3 WALITATIVE STUDY OF MUCOSAL iMML-\E REACTIVITY U " F'ATIEXTS WITli LUNG CANCER. P205 :S A::I:TS :v:i •*::& V M I :ai s m :i r:; infrrr:::. A. MICHILS,*JC. YERNAULT.'^B. COSSART.**


INTRODUCTION:
Osteoarthritis of knee joint is a chronic degenerative disease affecting the elderly. Although it is known as degenerative disease without inflammation some degree inflammation of synovium and cartilage do occur. These inflammatory changes may have elevation in inflammatory markers such as hsCRP. With advent of newer methods of detecting CRP such as high sensitive C -reactive protein these minimal inflammatory states can be detected. With background of pain symptoms and radiological progression, estimation of hsCRP levels in patients are studied to
establish a correlation among inflammatory markers and pain symptoms and or radiological signs such as X-ray changes.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A total of 60 patients with clinical evidence of osteoarthritis of knee are selected and subjected to our study all patients are enrolled with their consent and after ethical clearance, study conducted.
History taken in accordance of symptom duration and pain scaling done by visual analog scale (VAS). From history other chronic condition such as inflammatory arthritis, cardiovascular disease, diabetes etc are rule out. Patient had their BMI calculated. Examination of knee done in particular for tenderness, deformity, effusion and restriction of movements.
Radiological categorization of knee joint disease is done by Kellgren - Lawrence grading system (0-4) but our patients are more than grade 2 as per inclusion criteria.
Blood Sample collected and centrifuged for plasma separation. From the sample of FFP collected hsCRP levels estimated by ELISA method.
Statistical Method:
SPSS, one way ANOVA method, Pearson correlation coefficient.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:
From the statistical analysis following were found out
1. Osteoarthritis patient had their hsCRP levels modestly elevated than general population but less than inflammatory arthritis.
2. Pain symptoms and pain scale strongly correlated with hsCRP levels.
3. BMI had minimal correlation with hsCRP levels.
4. Radiological progression does not seen to correlate with hsCRP level of the patient one way ANOVA (p > 0.05).
5. Knee Osteoarthritis patient who had local inflammatory symptoms that is pain had higher inflammatory marker that is hsCRP which can be used as a marker of disease progression.


This paper presents a fast and direct phase extraction method for two-frame fringe patterns. First, perform addition and subtraction operations on the two frames of phase shift fringe images, and only need to perform a single high-pass filter on the addition result to obtain a set of sine and cosine components. Then use the vector normalization method to achieve the vector orthogonality of the sine and cosine components. Finally, the phase to be measured of the interference fringe pattern is obtained by arctangent operation. The algorithm is compact in structure and efficient in processing. The accuracy and efficiency of the method are verified by comparing simulations with different methods and testing of experimental interferograms.


Temperature rise directly affects service life and safely operation of an electric motor.Using the CFD software called STAR-CD,the temperature field of an outer rotor-inner cooled wind generator was stimulated,and contrastive analysis was made for six programs of technological parameter that impacts the motor temperature rise.The result showed that thermal contact resistance between heat pipes and the stator spider and that between the stator core and the stator spider havd a major influence on the coil temperature rise.Reducing thermal contact resistance of the two parts by adding thermal silicone grease between heat pipes and the stator spider and controlling processing parameter had improved the motor temperature rise,and the result of simulation was agreed well with the experimental data.


This reply to Samir Amin is a response to Amin's critique of the Weeks and Dore article, "International Exchange and the Causes of Backwardness. Both the article and the critique appeared in Latin American Perspectives, Volume VI, Number 2 (Spring 1979).


Data Mining is an effective tool to "the nontrivial extraction of implicit, previously unknown, and potentially useful information from data". And in petroleum industry there are numerous data needed to be analyzed to assist the petroleum exploitation decision. In this paper, petroleum reservoir and non-reservoir characteristics reorganization analysis are put forward based on data mining method. Relative date sets collected from petroleum exploration are transformed and integrated first. Three kinds of classification methods are introduced, which are Linear Discriminate Analysis (LDA), Decision Tree and Multi-criteria Linear Programming (MCLP). And they are used here for reservoir and non-reservoir discrimination analysis. The experiment result shows that it is feasible to predict the reservoir level and non-reservoir level in oil field based on the existing history data sets with data mining method and algorithm.


Despite convincing evidence that fracture trace mapping can be extremely useful in locating sites for high-yield wells, well drillers persist in using the "lay of the land" to select well sites. This paper examines: (1) the value of topographic variables in predicting the productivity of wells in crystalline rocks; and (2) whether topographic data for well sites can increase the accuracy of well yield predictions based on fracture trace data alone. Topographic and fracture trace data for 29 wells in the Georgia Piedmont and Blue Ridge area were studied. Regression analysis revealed that the LeGrand (1967) point value (TOPO) explained only 0.3% of the variation in the productivity of the 29 wells. More explanation was afforded by the less subjective topographic variables, distance from the well to the nearest valley or draw axis (DISTV), and the difference in elevation between the nearest valley or draw axis and the well site (ELEV). Together these variables still explained only 15.3% of the variation in well productivity.

Brook (1988) showed that a single fracture trace variable, distance from the well to the nearest fracture trace intersection (DISTIN), explained 59% of the variation in the productivity of the 29 wells and that the two variables well depth and DISTIN explained 81% of the variation in well productivity. Addition of the topographic variables TOPO, DISTV, and ELEV to the models of well productivity developed by Brook (1988) did not greatly improve the explanation. None of the added variables were significant at the 0.05 confidence level. Results, therefore, indicate that well productivity is only poorly related to topographic characteristics, perhaps explaining why so many of the wells drilled in crystalline rocks using the "lay of the land" have a low yield or are dry regardless of their topographic locations.


According to research project management features,the paper proposed the two-effective factors and matrix team management bi-level programming mode based on the reduction of the entire team expenditure on scientific research and the improvement of R D quality,for project funding and number of investment options for quantitative analysis,seeking to optimize research project management more scientific.


Objective To evaluate the left ventricular long-axis systolic function in patients with essential hypertension (EH) by using two dimensional strain imaging and to investigate its clinical significance.Methods During August 2010 to August 2011,61 patients with hypertension and 30 healthy volunteers (group A) were enrolled.61 hypertensive patients were divided into two groups:30 hypertensive patients without septal hypertrophy (group B) and 31 hypertensive patients with septal hypertrophy (group C).Two-dimensional images with high frame rate were obtained from the apical four-chamber view,two-chamber view and long-axis of the left ventricle.The peak systolic longitudinal strain of 18 segments and 3 whole views were measured using two-dimensional strain software,and eventually the strain of 18 segments were showed in Bull′s eye patterns.Results The global peak systolic strain of the apical long-axis of the left ventricle view(GLPS-LAX)were (-19.8±2.0)%,(-20.5±1.9)%,(-14.8±2.1)% in group A,group B and group C respectively.There were significant differences among the groups (F=73.84,P0.01).In detail,the significant differences were identified in following comparisons:group A/B with C (q=13.79, 15.72,all P0.01).The global peak systolic strain of the apical four-chamber view (GLPS-A4C) were (-19.4±1.9)%,(-16.3±1.8)%,(-15.1±1.9)% in group A,group B and group C respectively.There were significant differences among the groups (F=42.82,P0.01). In detail,the significant differences were identified in following comparisons:group B/C with A (q=9.07,12.71,all P0.01),group B with C (q=26.16,P0.01).The global peak systolic strain of the apical two-chamber view (GLPS-A2C) were (-22.0±1.7)%, (-21.8±1.6)%, (-15.1±1.7)% in group A,group B and group C respectively.There were significant differences among the groups (F=150.62,P0.01).In detail,the significant differences were identified in following comparisons:group A/B with C (q=26.82,3.55,all P0.05).The average global peak systolic longitudinal strain of 3 whole views (GLPS-Avg) were (-20.5±1.8)%,(-18.9±1.7)%,(-15.0±1.6)% in group A,group B and group C respectively.There were significant differences among the groups (F=84.68,P0.01).In detail,the significant differences were identified in following comparisons:group B/C with A (q=5.15,17.86,all P0.01),group B with C (q=12.66,P0.01).Conclusions Two dimensional strain imaging can show the local systolic dysfunction prior to the global changes in patients with hypertension.Two dimensional strain imaging is a promising approach to be used clinically to evaluate the left ventricular systolic function in hypertension patients.


this article describes the peculiarity of piracy as a legal category, and as a system of offenses. Different views from scientific researches and literatures on combating piracy are analyzed. The article also elaborates and supports conceptual decisions on combating piracy in Uzbekistan. At present, it is clearly seen that cultural piracy has become widespread as an offense, while the public attitude in the form of censure is rather weakly expressed. It is noted that in order for Uzbekistan to enter the WTO and increase the international rating, in our country it is necessary to take drastic measures against cultural piracy. As a conclusion, the author proposes the introduction of a system of legal means to prevent cases of cultural piracy and reflect the issues of ensuring its enforcement in national legislation


The present invention relates to the administration of aminoglycosides. In particular, the present invention relates to compositions and methods for aminoglycoside pulmonary administration. According to a preferred embodiment, the compositions and methods for the topical treatment of respiratory infections are provided.


This study aims to find out how much the role of the People's Business Credit (KUR) meningkatakna performance in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Yogyakarta. To determine the difference in performance (the cost of production, turnover, profit, and working hours) MSME fund before and after the People's Business Credit (KUR). The research population is the population of this study is the Small and Medium Enterprises in the province who get help KUR, methods of sample with purposive sampling using criteria as follows: SMEs in Sleman and Bantul, which get KUR funds in 2013 and 2014, then the second technique with insedental sampling and sample that can be affordable to be sampled. Using the technique of collecting secondary data, the identity of respondents, the data cost of production, turnover and profit as well as the monthly working hours. The analysis tool used is descriptive testing and test the difference paired sample t-test. The results that the People's Business Credit (KUR) was instrumental in meningkatakna performance in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Yogyakarta, evidenced from the findings that the cost of production, turnover, profit, and working hours are increased before and after getting KUR funds. Keyword: people's business credit (kur), small and medium enterprises (smes), costs of production, turnover, profit, working hours


This paper first elucidates the importance of hydraulic heterogeneity of a rock mass on the design of an underground water‐sealed storage cavern. It then introduces an information fusion approach that integrates hydraulic tomography, displacement back analysis, and a stochastic successive linear estimator to map spatially varying hydraulic conductivity (Ks), Young's modulus (E′), cohesion (c′), and internal friction angle (ϕ′). This algorithm yields statistically unbiased estimate of the Ks, E′, c′, and ϕ′ fields and their uncertainty due to insufficient samples of their heterogeneity. Afterward, this uncertainty is translated into the probability of failure distribution around the cavern for the risk assessment. Results show that heterogeneity of Ks plays an important role in the deformation and failure of the cavern. They also show that the proposed approach can reveal more detailed parameter distributions than kriging approach, based on a large number of samples of the parameters before excavations. Further, the predicted probability of failure distribution based on the proposed approach can effectively reflect the actual failure locations.


Objective To investigate the correlation between periodontitis and general health.Methods 5769 cases,who came to our hospital for physical check-up aged from 30 to 60 in 2008,were collected.All samples were divided into two groups : experimental group (periodontitis group,with 2007 samples) and control group (non-periodontitis group,with 3762 samples).Data of both groups were compared to explore the risk factors of periodontitis.Results The occurrence of periodontitis was related with age,hypertension,hyperlipidemia,fatty liver and the abnormal electrocardigraph(ECG) patterns (P0.05),among which,age,smoking history,hyperlipemia and abnormal ECG pattern were risk factors of periodontitis.The incidence of periodontitis had no statistical difference between both genders (P0.05),and the incidence increased with age increased (P0.05).Incidences of hypertension,hyperlipidemia,eyeground arteriosclerosis,fatty liver,diabetes mellitus,abnormal ECG pattern and obesity in periontitis group were all higher than those in non-periodontitis group (P0.05).The incidences of hypertension,hyperlipidemia,eyeground arteriosclerosis,fatty liver,diabetes mellitus,the abnormal ECG pattern and obesity were all related to periodontitis except for interference of confounding factors such as age,gender and smoking history (P0.05).Conclusion Periodontitis is correlated with systemic diseases.


The contribution of this paper is the introduction of an abstract sensor-actuator pair to the subsumption architecture of robots introduced by Brooks (1987). The perceiving side of this pair derives from Gibson's (1979) affordance, which is a form of grasping of situations involving perceived objects. This study is part of a new form of evolutionary robotics called cognitive robotics. It considers a new context for a classical form of learning, namely, habitation. The inspiration for the form of affordances described in this paper comes from Heidegger's (1982) notion of the convergence of the concurrent activities of building, dwelling and thinking. In some sense, building and dwelling are at the threshhold of thinking. A brief description of the form and functioning of abstract S-A pairs is given.


We investigate cosmological scenarios in the theory of gravity with the scalar field possessing a non-minimal kinetic coupling to the curvature. It is shown that the kinetic coupling provides an essentially new inflationary mechanism. Namely, at early cosmological times the domination of coupling terms in the field equations guarantees the quasi-De Sitter behavior of the scale factor: $a(t)\propto e^{H_{\kappa} t}$ with $H_\kappa=1/\sqrt{9\kappa}$, where $\kappa\simeq 10^{-74}$ sec$^2$ is the coupling parameter. The primary inflationary epoch driven by non-minimal kinetic coupling comes to the end at $t_f \simeq 10^{-35}$ sec. Later on, the matter terms are dominating, and the universe enters into the matter-dominated epoch which lasts approximately $0.5H_0^{-1}\sim 0.5\times10^{18}$ sec. Then, the cosmological term comes into play, and the universe enters into the secondary inflationary epoch with $a(t)\propto e^{H_{\Lambda} t}$, where $H_\Lambda=\sqrt{\Lambda/3}$. Note that the present value of the acceleration parameter $q=\ddot a a/\dot a^2$ is estimated as $q_0\simeq0.25$, that is the universe is at the beginning of the epoch of accelerated expansion. Thus, the cosmological model non-minimal kinetic coupling represents the realistic cosmological scenario which successfully describes basic cosmological epochs and provide the natural mechanism of epoch change without any fine-tuned potential.


In addition to having a high continuous current rating, materials used for the contacts in vacuum circuit-breakers must guarantee a high short-circuit breaking capacity, a quick build-up of dielectric strength in the contact gap and an adequate resistance to welding


Transcatheter internal iliac arterial embolization has become a first-choice treatment for control of life-threatened bleeding associated with pelvic tumors or obstetric disorders.Recently,uterine arterial embolization(UAE)has offered a successful alternative to surgery in the treatment of uterine fibroid.Clinical failure rates for this procedure was reported from 4% to 19% in literature,probably due to the existence of collateral flow to the pelvic lesions,especially the ovarian arteries(OA)being the most important source.Furthermore,the anastomosis between the ovarian and uterine arteries has been suggested as the pathway for nontarget embolization of the ovaries causing premature menopause.The OA are simple paired vessels and they usually arise from the anterolateral part of the abdominal aorta at the level of the second lumbar vertebra.Variations in origin of OA occur in 2%-10% with diameter smaller than 1.1 mm and routinely not identified on conventional aortography.However,in the presence of a uterine or other pelvic diseases,the OA become dilated as the result of pathologic blood supply demand.OA supply to the pelvic lesions are more frequently found in patients with large fundal fibroids,history of the pelvic surgery,post embolization of the uterine arteries,and dysplasia of uterine artery.In patient with one or more of these predisposing factors,the extent of OA supply to the pelvic lesions should be assessed using pigtail catheter pelvic aortography with the tip at the level of the renal arteries,followed by selective OA catheterization.In case of identified OA supply to the pelvic lesions,superselective embolization of the OA should be considered,using particles with diameters larger than 500 μm.Proximal OA embolization,in combination with bilateral UAE,may significantly increase the risk of iatrogenic ovarian dysfunction.When necessary in a premenopausal patient,OA embolization should be performed unilaterally and as near as possible to the lesions,and the procedure is performed only with specific informed consent.


A Ferrofluid flow over a moving plate in a porous medium is theoretically investigated by solving the boundary layer equations with boundary conditions using Neuringer-Rosensweig model. Besides, numerically calculating the velocity components and pressure profile for different porosity values with the variation of dimensionless Karman's parameter , we have also calculated the thickness of the boundary layer for different values of porosity and the total volume flowing outward the z-axis. Here, the solutions of non linear differential equations are obtained by power series approximation.


Process mining provides process improvement in a variety of application domains. A primary focus of process mining is transferring information from event logs into process model. One of the issues of process mining is dealing with invisible prime tasks. An invisible prime task is an additional task in the process model to assist in showing real processes. However, a few of algorithm solves the issue. This research proposes an algorithm for dealing with invisible prime tasks. The proposed algorithm contains rules and equations utilizing probability of state transition of Coupled Hidden Markov and double time-stamped in event logs. The rules and equations are used for determining invisible prime tasks and parallel control-flows patterns. In addition to dealing with invisible prime tasks, the experiment results also show that the proposed algorithm obtains right parallel control-flow patterns from non-complete event logs. This proposed algorithm also decreases usage of the invisible prime task in A# algorithm without reducing the quality of discovered process models. It has proven with the fitness of process models obtained by the proposed algorithm are relatively high as those obtained by A# algorithm.


Our current thermal management in public buildings still remains in the stage of extensive management, which leads to the difficulty in guiding a heat-user to cultivate the awareness of energy conservation. As a result, a large quantity of heat is wasted. Therefore this article introduces a thermal control mechanism based on strategies, and proposes a design of zigbee-based wireless temperature collecting method to collect temperature in the heating field. On the basis of these techniques, an automatic control system for the heating of public buildings is achieved. The system fits the users' heat use habits and is easy to operate, so that it can guide the heat users' awareness of energy conservation and reduce energy waste.


Purpose: Overexpression of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 7 (CDK7) is linked to poor clinical outcomes in a variety of cancer types including AML, breast, ovarian, pancreatic, and lung cancers. CDK7 plays a dual role in tumor progression by regulating the cell cycle via phosphorylation of members of the CDK family and stimulation of transcription via phosphorylation of RNA Polymerase II. CDK7 has also been shown to be associated with super-enhancers which can lead to overexpression of oncogenic driver genes such as BCL2, GFI1, and MYC. The development of a selective inhibitor of CDK7 is a promising strategy to control expression of these oncogenic genes in patients' tumors. Previously, we described the design and synthesis of a potent and selective small molecule inhibitor of CDK7, TGN-1062, which was designed to bind to the catalytic ATP pocket. We showed efficacy in both AML and ovarian in vitro and in vivo models with correlative biomarker data. Here, we have generated further data on the effect and safety of TGN-1062 in pancreatic cancer cell line (CDX) and patient derived xenograft (PDX) models, both as a single agent and in combination with standard of care (SOC) therapies.
 Methods: In vivo efficacy studies were conducted in mice engrafted with pancreatic CDX and PDX tumors and treated with TGN-1062 with and without SOC therapies. Tumors were measured to determine tumor growth inhibition (TGI) and correlating drug accumulation levels were measured in both tumors and plasma using mass spectrometry. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed on tumors to determine changes in cleaved Caspase-3, MYC, Ki67, and RNA Pol II. Rats were dosed with TGN-1062 to assess plasma exposures and preliminary tolerability.
 Results: In a pancreatic CDX model (MIA PaCa-2), TGN-1062 showed 38% TGI as a single agent and 121% TGI when in combination with gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel, which on its own showed 37% TGI. In a pancreatic PDX model, TGN-1062 did not exhibit single agent effect, but combination with gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel showed 95% TGI compared to 79% TGI with gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel alone. Drug accumulation, biomarker analysis, and IHC from CDX and PDX tumors, showed that TGN-1062 treatment decreased RNA Pol II phosphorylation and MYC expression, and induced apoptosis. Rat pharmacokinetics indicated 100% oral bioavailability.
 Conclusion: Our potent and selective small molecule inhibitor of CDK7, TGN-1062, shows promise in pancreatic cancer models as a single or in combination with SOC. Preliminary data suggests that TGN-1062 can be developed further in multiple cancer indications.
 Citation Format: Alexis Weston, Trason Thode, Ryan Rodriguez del Villar, Serina Ng, Samuel Sampson, Shelby Rheinschmidt, Tithi Ghosh Halder, Raffaella Soldi, Mohan Kaadige, Srinivas Kasibhatla, Haiyong Han, Justin Moser, Vincent Chung, Joseph Chao, Victoria Villaflor, Daniel Von Hoff, Sunil Sharma. TGN-1062 inhibits CDK7 and augments the effects of gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel in pancreatic cancer models [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 3931.


The thoracic aorta is frequently involved in atherosclerotic lesions associated with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) allows quantitative evaluation of the wall properties of the thoracic aorta. Using TEE, we tested whether atherosclerosis of the thoracic aorta in FH could be improved by cholesterol-lowering therapies. The subjects investigated were 22 FH patients and 22 age-matched normal subjects. The descending aorta (DA) was divided into four longitudinal portions of equal length. Atheromatous lesions of each portion of the DA were scored by character and extension of lesions by biplane two-dimensional TEE. The scores of atheromatous lesions from all four portions of the DA were added together to give the total atheromatous score (TAS). We also measured instantaneous dimensional changes of the DA in a cardiac cycle by M-mode TEE and blood pressure by a cuff method and calculated the stiffness parameter β (ln[SBP/DBP]/[Dmax−Dmin]/Dmin), where SBP is the systoli...


Computer clusters have become a main stream of high performance computing platforms. To harvest these high performance systems, cluster operating environment has pressed on an additional abstraction using virtualization technology. Specific problem solving environments are isolated at the operating system level where real executions are performed in virtualization domains. Virtualization technology helps not only increasing utilization of computing resources but also reducing configuration workload, administrative cost, application porting, and energy saving. In this work, we investigated an implementation of virtualization cluster. The experimental performance results of the virtualization cluster are presented. We describe a framework to adopt virtualization onto the clusters. The management of virtualization cluster is discussed. The definitions for the operations of virtual clusters are given. Based on these definitions, we proposed the virtual cluster scheduler where the newly introduced provisioning factors and the goodness factor extend flexibility in management of a cluster. The virtual cluster scheduler can be used as a basis of implementing virtual cluster management. The software layers for virtual cluster management are discussed and the job submission workflow is explained. The framework for organizing cluster resources in virtualization environment is described.


INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND
Positron emission tomography (PET) has started to develop beyond its roots in glucose imaging, expanding to study other parameters of the tumour and its microenvironment.

SOURCES OF DATA
A review of imaging literature over the past 5 years has shown that functional imaging with PET is starting to exploit our increasing knowledge of genomics and the phenotypic expression of cells and how they interact with their microenvironment.

AREAS OF AGREEMENT
For most of those working in this field, there is agreement that therapeutic outcomes for patients can only be obtained by the assessment and continued reassessment not only of the tumour microenvironment, but also how it is changed by treatment.

AREAS OF CONTROVERSY
Although PET offers a tool by which the tumour and its microenvironment can be assessed in vivo without the need for multiple interventions, the cost of PET is high and there is a cumulative radiation burden with repeated studies. As the quantity and quality of PET scans increase, we are able to assess tumour cell turn over, metabolism, hypoxia, angiogenesis and a variety of other factors that might affect tumour survival and response to treatment.

AREAS TIMELY FOR DEVELOPING RESEARCH
As it is impossible to do everything for every patient, we need to know what are the critical factors in the tumour cell microenvironment in each patient and need to have the tools to assess that factor.


Objectives: Physicians and the medical/scientific establishment during Nazism and the Holocaust committed egregious ethical violations including complicity with genocide. Critical reflection on this history serves as a powerful platform for scaffolding morally resilient professional identity formation (PIF) with striking relevance for contemporary health professions education and practice. Study aim was to explore the impact of an Auschwitz Memorial study trip within the context of a medicine during Nazism and the Holocaust curriculum on students' personal and PIF. Methods: The authors analyzed 44 medical and psychology students' reflective writings from a 2019 Auschwitz Memorial study trip using immersion-crystallization qualitative thematic analysis. Results: Six distinct themes and 22 subthemes were identified and mapped to a reflective learning process model: 1. "What am I bringing?" 2. "What am I experiencing through the curriculum?" 3. "What am I initially becoming aware of as a first response?" 4./5. "How and what am I processing?" 6. "What am I taking with me?" Particularly compelling subthemes of power of the place, emotional experience, reflection on myself as a moral person, and contemporary relevance referred to impactful course elements. Conclusions: This curriculum catalyzed a critically reflective learning/meaning-making process supporting personal and PIF including critical consciousness, ethical awareness, and professional values. Formative curriculum elements include narrative, supporting emotional aspects of learning, and guided reflection on moral implications. The authors propose Medicine during Nazism and the Holocaust curriculum as a fundamental health professions education component cultivating attitudes, values, and behaviors for empathic, moral leadership within inevitable healthcare challenges.


Modhephene (2), a new sesquiterpene representing the first naturally occurring carbocyclic [3.3.3]propellane, has been isolated from the toxic plant Isocoma Wrightii; its structure was confirmed by X-ray analysis of the corresponding diol (3).


Thin films of tungsten oxide were deposited on silicon substrates using reactive radio frequency sputtering. The structure of the films strongly depends on the conditions of deposition and post-treatment. Important issues are the influences of oxygen pressure during deposition and annealing temperature on the morphology. Atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy revealed that films were formed by grains. The sample deposited with an Ar:O 2 partial pressure ratio of 1:1 showed the highest roughness and the smallest grains when annealed at 350°C. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis revealed that the films were close to their stoichiometric formulation irrespective the oxygen partial pressure used during film deposition. The number of W=O bonds at the grain boundaries was found to he dependent on the oxygen partial pressure. Analysis by Raman spectroscopy suggested that the structure of the films was monoclinic. On the basis of these results an annealing temperature of 350°C was selected as post-treatment for the fabrication of WO 3 gas sensors. These sensors were highly sensitive, highly selective to ammonia vapors, and moderately responsive to humidity.


Mixed media, as artful assemblages of digital objects and physical artefacts, provide distinctive opportunities for experiential, presentational and representational interaction. In project-based learning of architecture design, participants staged spatial narratives with multiple projections, performed mixed objects and artefacts, and exploited bodily movements in mixed representations. These cases show how physical interfaces in mixed media acquire a spatial dimension, integrate physical artefacts and bodily movements and propose configurability as a central feature. A perspective based on anthropological concepts of performance makes it possible to address these aspects in a coherent way, pointing to sense experience, the individuality and collective emergence of expression and its diachronic and event-like character. From this perspective, interaction is part of expressive events aimed at generating new insights for participants (interchangeable performers and spectators) privileging sense experience. Events are the outcome of configurations of space, artefacts and digital media, and are characterised by a simultaneousness of doing and undergoing, of bodily presence and representation. More importantly, the performance perspective suggests a particular temporal view of interaction, based on the concept of event, addressing a neglected granularity of analysis between the moment-by-moment unfolding of interaction and the longer term co-evolution of technology and practice. Implications of interaction as performance contribute to a wider program of interaction design, thereby providing alternatives to established human-computer interaction tenets: the notion of event is an alternative to the notion of task; perception in Dewey's terms replaces recognition proposing expression as an alternative to accountability and usability. Implications include looking at how space can be configured and staged instead of measured or simulated, and how situations can be staged instead of sensed and recognised, privileging the sensing human over the


Background: Chorioamnionitis (chorio) has a profound effect on neonatal outcomes, but previous meta-analyses examining therapy with antibiotics in preterm labour or PPROM, included infants near to term. We assessed the influence of prophylactic antibiotic therapy on infants ≤34 weeks GA, who are more susceptible to the complications of prematurity.Methods: Two independent reviewers conducted literature searches (including a hand search of proceedings). Eligible papers were randomized controlled trials administering oral or intravenous antibiotics for > 24 hours to pregnant mothers ≤34wks GA. Following agreement on eligibility of 22 papers, data was extracted. Prior sub-group analysis was specified for preterm labour (PTL) with intact membranes; or Preterm Prelabour Rupture of Membranes (PPROM). If possible data is shown by sub-group. Data for obstetric & Neonatal (NN) outcomes was analyzed using Revman 4.2 software. The data is presented as: Number of studies where outcomes were extractable (N St), number of subjects randomised to treatment (N Rx), number of subjects randomized to control (N C); & summarised as weighted mean differences (WMD) or Odds Ratio (OR) with 95% CI, * shows significance p< 0.05.Results: Relevant primary outcomes are grouped by presentation:Conclusion: Treatment prolongs latency in both groups, and reduces maternal and infant infections. A decrease in NN length of stay was seen. Prior Cochrane reviews suggested trends to positive impacts for neonatal outcomes, when antibiotics are used in PROM in up to 36 weeks GA. These findings are confirmed in this higher risk (≤34 week GA) group. Prior reviews show no benefit of antibiotics in PTL up to 36 week, in contrast we find in ≤34 weeks some benefits. For preterm infants ≤34 weeks, we conclude that there are significant advantages to be gained from the use of prophylactic antibiotics for both PTL and PPROM.


Poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic) acid (PLGA) is one of the most versatile biomedical polymers, already approved by regulatory authorities to be used in human research and clinics. Due to its valuable characteristics, PLGA can be tailored to acquire desirable features for control bioactive payload or scaffold matrix. Moreover, its chemical modification with other polymers or bioconjugation with molecules may render PLGA with functional properties that make it the Holy Grail among the synthetic polymers to be applied in the biomedical field. In this review, the physical–chemical properties of PLGA, its synthesis, degradation, and conjugation with other polymers or molecules are revised in detail, as well as its applications in drug delivery and regeneration fields. A particular focus is given to successful examples of products already on the market or at the late stages of trials, reinforcing the potential of this polymer in the biomedical field.


Analysis of wave damping in mud bank region following the process of transfer of wave energy to the interior of fluid column through the boundary layer and the energy loss computations owing to viscous shear beneath the solitary wave over a smooth horizontal surface are presented. It is shown that waves can almost or completely be dissipated over a mud bank of width about 3 - 4 km when the kinematic viscosity increases to 1 cm 2 sec -1 . Waves of higher amplitude are dissipated much faster than those of lower amplitude.


Of the books I brought on holiday, only one threatened my physical safety. Hardback and 987 pages, Wright's and Bird's The New Testament in Its World is a hefty tome that strained my hammock's integrity to the point I feared being dislodged. In their preface, the authors identify the book's threefold purpose to be: (a) something of an N.T. Wright 'reader'; (b) a user-friendly introduction to the New Testament embedded within the historical context of early Christianity; and (c) an accessible and thematic overview to the contents of the New Testament. The book is largely Bird's redaction of Wright's published and original contributions, in consultation with Wright, but Bird's own influence surfaces regularly through footnotes, suggested readings, occasional differences of opinion (e.g., on Colossians, p. 465, n. 58; authorship of 2 Timothy p. 536), and personal anecdote (e.g., p. 551). Although its sub-title suggests that this is a book introducing the history, literature, and theology of the first Christians, a more accurate title might be 'Introducing the New Testament Story for All Christians'. Different from other introductions that aim dispassionately to outlay data about the New Testament, Wright's and Bird's book is really proclamation, recounting historical and literary details always with an eye to what those mean for believers today. This quote, referring to John's Revelation, sums-up well the entire project: 'the New Testament is designed not just to offer information about God, Jesus, the world, and ourselves, but also to urge us, by inviting us to penetrate its innermost core, to become the kind of people for whom, and indeed through whom, it will at last all make sense' (p. 812). Consequently, the book starts not with the first Christians but with contemporary ones. Part I, 'Reading the New Testament', positions contemporary readers for an encounter with the New Testament story, and Part II, 'The World of Jesus and the Early Church', sets the background from which the book's 'hero' (the New Testament story) is born. Thus the first two sections effectively set the scene of the worlds, both ancient and modern, that the New Testament story must inhabit. Whether by design or my imagination, the remaining chapters form a narrative arc that leads the 'hero' (the New Testament story) on an epic journey through threats, transformation, and return to the contemporary reader at the book's conclusion. After setting the scene, the plot follows our hero in overcoming scholarly challenges to the New Testament story's contemporary relevance. Beginning with Jesus, the story of the New Testament overcomes threats to the historicity and self-aware identity of its founder ('Part III: Jesus and the Victory of God') and threats to the historical veracity and significance The New Testament in Its World 981865 EXT0010.1177/0014524620981865 research-article2020


This paper looked into optimal tuning of a Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller used in Electro-mechanical Dual Acting Pulley Continuously Variable Transmission (EMDAP-CVT) system for controlling the output obtained, and hence, to minimize the integral of absolute errors (IAE). The main objective was to obtain a stable, robust, and controlled system by tuning the PID controller by using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm. The incurred value was compared with the traditional tuning techniques like Ziegler-Nichols and it had been proven better. Hence, the results established that tuning the PID controller using PSO technique offered less overshoot, a less sluggish system, and reduced IAE.


The transformation of the residential heating system of Amsterdam into a sustainable heating system that no longer makes use of natural gas in 2050, of which 230.000 households will be heated with district heating, demands an exploration of sustainable local heat sources to use for district heating in Amsterdam. This aligns with the fundamentals of Urban Symbiosis and district heating where the conscious choice is made for the use of local heat sources and their by-products to serve as heat input for the district heating system when the heat source is in geographic proximity. Since a high amount of DC and production of residual heat output are present in Amsterdam, which are recommended as suitable heat sources for district heating but not yet investigated, the use of DC as sustainable local heat source is chosen in this thesis to explore as supplying heat source for district heating to fulfil the heat demand of residential neighbourhoods in Amsterdam. The research will search via a socio-technical perspective the technical feasibility of DC as heat source for district heating networks by estimating the extent of residual heat supply from the DC for residential neighbourhoods of Amsterdam. Furthermore, this thesis will search the social feasibility of the current institutional system of district heating with the addition of DC as heat supplying actor by mapping this as system configurations, since DC are not integrated yet in the district heating energy sector as heat supplying actor. The findings of this thesis will generate an insight of the elements of the current institutional system of district heating that facilitate or form a barrier for the integration of DC as heat supplying actor, while taking into consideration the technical feasibility of heat supply from DC for district heating.


This research deals with figurative language in "The Shawshank Redemption" movie by Frank Darabont. This research is a descriptive qualitative study. It is aimed to identify the figurative language found in The Shawshank Redemption movie. In data collection, the research employed triangulation that presented three different techniques, namely documentation, observation, and interview. Based on the findings, it is shown that there were 60 data of comparative figurative language, which consisted of 11 personifications, 18 similes, 24 metaphors, and seven euphemisms. Fiftycontradictivefigurativelanguages were also found. It consisted of 25 hyperboles, one litotes, two oxymorons, two paradoxes, one irony, and 19 sarcasms. Then, 48 Correlative Figurative Language occurred in the movie, which consisted of six allusions, six metonymies, 31 ellipses, and five synecdoches. Lastly, figurative repetition or enforcement occurred 24 times in the movie. They were 21 repetitions, one assonance, one rhetoric, and one pleonasm.


The relationship of characteristics and activities of executive officers in 60 Fortune 500 firms to the performance of their organizations were examined in this study. Alternative hypotheses predicting the relative strength of the effect of leadership, organizational context and environment on different measures of organization performance were tested. This research extends the study of leadership and organization performance by investigating the effect on performance of activities undertaken by top level executives of large organizations to manage the environment of their organizations. Leadership activities are closely related to industry and organization characteristics and only indirectly to organization performance.


........................................................................................................ I LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................................... VI Chapter 1 Context and methodology ...............................................................1 1.1 Problem statement ........................................................................1 1.2 Research questions ........................................................................4 1.3 Research method and case study ..................................................5 1.4 Framework of the study .................................................................6 Chapter 2 Virtual currencies ............................................................................8 2.


The papers presented here represent the objective of this meeting which was to examine a wide variety of ideas concerning efficiency and productivity in transportation and logistics management, and to learn about opportunities for their successful implementation, as well as to assess the constraints which are inevitably associated with any attempt at improvement. Seminar type activites at the meeting included such topics as sales estimating and inventory planning, management by objectives, truck and freight car leasing alternatives, distribution innovations, computerized systems, and the role of the railroads in a period of energy uncertainity. Panel discussions provided timely points of view regarding the U.S. Railway Association, and academic progress in transportation (do they meet the needs of industry?). Observations were also made on the content of contemporary AST&T examinations.


INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE:Open simple prostatectomy (OSP) is an alternative for the management of benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) over 80 cc. The results of photoselective vaporization (PVP) fo...


Passivation is an effective way to reduce density of states (DOS) on the surface. In order to verify the differences and stabilities of H2S passivation on Si- and C-face of 6H-SiC, the adsorption of H2S on surface is studied by the first principles method, which is based on the density functional theory. Adsorption configuration and stability are researched with the coverage changing from 1/9monolayer (ML) to 1/3ML on Si-face while 1/9ML to 5/9ML on C-face. Adsorption energy, DOS and charge population of the system are calculated separately. On Si-face, energy calculations show that H2S which is adsorbed at the bridge (BR) site is more stable than that adsorbed at the on-top (OT) site. After H2S is decomposed, S atoms are combined at the BR site, while H atoms are adsorbed at the OT site. The surface states are noticeably reduced after passivation. Surface states are reduced to the lowest when the coverage is 2/9ML. On C-face, H2S which is adsorbed at the OT site is more stable than that adsorbed at the BR site. After H2S is decomposed, HS bonds and H atoms are all combined at the OT site. The surface states are noticeably reduced to the lowest when the coverage is 4/9ML.


Intracerebroventricular (ICV) leptin increases LSNA and LSNA baroreflex gain (BRG). Previously, we demonstrated that the PVN is required, since PVN inhibition with muscimol completely reversed the effects of leptin. Inhibition of PVN melanocortin 3/4 receptors with SHU9119 only partially reversed leptin's effects, suggesting that another excitatory input into PVN also contributes. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that leptin enhances baroreflex control of LSNA in part via increased PVN excitatory amino acid drive. In α‐chloralose anesthetized male SD rats, basal LSNA and LSNA BRG were assessed at baseline, 1 hr after ICV leptin (3 μg) or aCSF, and then again 30 min later after microinjection of 60 nL of aCSF (n=5) or kynurenate (Kyn; 2.7 nmol; n=6). After 60 min, leptin increased (P<0.05) basal LSNA (to 158±9%) and LSNA BRG (from 3.2±0.4 to 5.7±0.2 %/mmHg). After PVN aCSF, LSNA (to 186±21%) and LSNA BRG (to 7.2±0.6 %/mmHg) continued to rise (P<0.05). In contrast, PVN Kyn prevented further increases such that LSNA [to 144±7% (leptin) then 137±7% (Kyn)] and LSNA BRG [in %/mmHg: from 3.4±0.3 to 5.3±0.2 (leptin) then 5.1±0.2 (Kyn)] were decreased (P<0.05) compared to PVN aCSF. However, both LSNA and LSNA BRG remained elevated (P<0.05) versus baseline. No change in LSNA was observed following PVN microinjection of Kyn after ICV aCSF infusion. In conclusion, excitatory amino acid inputs into the PVN contribute to the sympathoexcitatory effects of leptin. Supported by HL088552 and AHA.


Stress Responses
Cells must tailor protein synthesis so that proteins that enable growth and proliferation and those that enable adaptation under stressful conditions are produced at the appropriate times. Torrent et al. found that yeast genes encoding proteins involved in growth and proliferation used common codons, whereas those encoding stressresponse proteins tended to use rare codons (see the Focus by Pechmann). Stress skewed the transfer RNA (tRNA) pool toward those tRNAs that recognize rare codons. Furthermore, stress proteins were translated faster than those involved in growth and proliferation.

Sci. Signal. 11 , eaat6409, eaau1098 (2018).


The addition of 100 mL of blood and bone, a fertilizer derived from dried and crushed offal from slaughter houses, to 2L of cow dung significantly increased the yield of pupae of Musca vetustissima from laboratory cultures. The addition of up to 200 mL of blood and bone significantly increased the length of the pupae produced. The yields and lengths were significantly greater after addition of blood and bone than after addition of the same amounts of sawdust suggesting a nutritional effect from the blood and bone.


A guide to finding information in the field of disabilities and special education, including communication disorders. Includes all sources on movement disorders.


Understanding data semantics from existing relational databases is important for several applications such as database maintenance and analysis, database re-engineering, data warehouse design or query optimization. We present a tool called DBA Companion, which can be a help to deal with the understanding of existing relational databases. The prototype integrates algorithms dedicated to database analysis. This task rests on data mining techniques, which allow to design efficient algorithms. Emphasis is put on algorithm efficiency to be able to address operational situations, and then discover FDs and INDs satisfied in a database instance. The tool follows a loosely coupled approach with the underlying DBMS for algorithm execution. For instance, IARs are generated in the DBMS, which allows the user to modify them and to reiterate the analysis process from these new relations.


The study extends models of the cw-regime of operation of diffusion-controlled discharges by incorporating the actual shape of the high-frequency signal producing the discharge as a narrow-band signal. The slow variations of the wave envelope determining slowly varying Joule heating of the electrons in the wave field leads to a low-frequency plasma-density response which influences the propagation properties of the high-frequency signal. Depending on the frequency shift of the spectral components from the carrier-wave frequency of the signal, the low-frequency plasma response appears as stationary or nonstationary. The derived nonlinear evolution equation for the wave envelope shows cross-phase modulation acting simultaneously through self-action and mutual action of coupled spectral components. A strong impact of the mutual action of the coupled spectral components is found. It removes the effect of self-action: The decay of the spectral components associated with a stationary low-frequency response tran...


SEVERAL observations have been made on the oxidation-reduction (O/R) potentials of growing cultures of bacteria, but the O/R potential associated with the initiation of bacterial growth has been studied only by Fildes [1929, 1 in connection with the germination' of spores of B. tetani. Developing the views of Clark [1924] Fildes pointed out that "the term 'anaerobe' as applied to a micro-organism implies that it requires for growth a certain reducing intensity in its surroundings." Conversely, for organisms which will not grow under " strictly anaerobic " conditions, it may be assumed that the reducing intensity must not be too great if growth is to take place. The relation of the onset of bacterial growth to the oxidation-reduction conditions in the surroundings is thus a subject which has a direct bearing on the biology of bacteria and, further, has been used by Fildes [1929, 2] to account in part for their pathogenic action. In studying the effect of PH' the hydrogen ion concentration of a culture medium can be adjusted to any value and maintained constant against the CO2 of the air, etc., by means of buffers. In the case of the O/R potential, which depends, at constant pH, on the degree of reduction of some electromotively active system, anything which tends to alter the degree of reduction will alter the potential. The interference of fortuitous oxidising or reducing agents with the normal behaviour of the oxidation-reduction systems of culture media must therefore be strictly controlled. The O/R potential of a culture medium has no definite significance until such factors as the casual access of the oxygen of the air are eliminated. An essential preliminary to any attempted control of oxidation-reduction conditions is, therefore, an investigation of the O/R potential of sterile culture media. Until this is done it is not possible to control the level of O/R potential in a medium. There are obvious limitations and difficulties in the investigation of such problems by the O/R dyes used by Fildes and others. It was therefore decided to use electrometric methods.


Research, no doubt, plays an important role in formulating any policy. Algorithmic Trading and, in particular, High Frequency Trading and Colocation, are some of the most controversial issues affecting how global security transactions are conducted. Rapid execution, accuracy, reduced costs, and avoidance of human emotions are some of the reasons for the increase. At the same time, the development of these technologies raises many regulatory challenges, especially with regard to market exploitation and ensuring market equity and integrity. And since these high-frequency sales are in the low-income category in India, research is in the survival category This paper provides the first direct evidence of the impact of AT and HFT on the Indian Stock market. There is no strong evidence that AT is damaging the markets. Problems such as market fraud have been around for a long time. Technology has changed the way financial markets operate and the way financial assets are marketed. Two important parallel technological changes are investors using computers to make their trading processes and markets redesigned so almost all markets now have electronic ordering books on Twitter, Facebook and other social networking sites. In this paper, we have discussed the methods used to perform large quantities of trading analysis and our ability to obtain `data 'technically. Algorithmic algorithms and terrifying systems for data integration and predictability, analysis, versatility, complexity, and great size. Potential developments include new algorithms, methods, systems and applications in algorithmic trading that derive useful and hidden information from trading effectively.


T he RH system is the most complex blood group system in humans, and Rh antibodies can potentially cause hemolytic reactions after transfusions or pregnancies. Rhnull is a rare phenotype, characterized by loss of all Rh antigens expression on red blood cells (RBCs). Individuals with Rhnull phenotype may exhibit a chronic compensated hemolytic anemia of varying severity, with stomatocytosis. Molecular genetic studies have demonstrated that Rhnull phenotype is transmitted in an autosomal recessive manner. On the basis of distinct genetic mechanisms, Rhnull is divided into two types, the regulator type and the amorph type. The regulator type, which is caused by mutations in the RHAG gene, is more common. A functional RhAG is necessary for Rh antigen expression and the correct assembly of the Rh proteins in the RBC membrane. All molecular defects of the RHAG gene are confirmed to be harmful and can cause Rhnull phenotype. 2 In this study, we reported a molecular genetic study of a Chinese Rhnull woman and identified a novel deletion mutation in the RHAG gene.


The current study, attempts to be have made for the assessment of influence of cutting speeds with constant feed of 0.19mm/rev with 0.3mm depth of cut on tool wear during dry turning of Inconel 718. Comparative study was conducted using Al -oxide and Mixed Oxide cutting inserts (commercially available with similar geometry) for experimental trials. This exploratory investigation focuses on the tool life deterioration of various ceramic materials associated with the machinability of Inconel 718 under selected process parameters. Also, significant parameters were identified that effect and control flank wear. The flank wear was assessed on the inserts for every trail through measurements using advanced Optical Microscope. Further observations were made on Hitachi Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) to understand the wear pattern encountered by selected tool materials.


The article discusses the question of development of software for automated design of road wooden bridge spans. The adaptive pattern of elastic load distribution calculation based on obtained loading theorem providing optimal geometry elements choice is developed. It is given a comparison of the measured real spans deflection with the results of calculating using two methods.


The modified attachment energy model was employed to predict cefaclor dihydrate morphology. Meanwhile, the mechanism and the effect of solvent and supersaturation on the crystal morphology were also proposed. A molecular dynamics simulation was applied to investigate the interactions of cefaclor dihydrate crystal faces with the pure solvent model and the solution model. The mechanism of solvent effects on the different faces was elaborated by discussing the surface structure and the adsorption of the crystal, while the effect of supersaturation was considered from the aspect of molecular recognition. The radial distribution function analysis was introduced to explore the adsorption behaviors of solvent and solute molecules. From the mean square displacement of solvent and solute molecules, the growth shape was affected by the solvent and solute diffusion capacity. The results suggested that the morphology evolution is due to the subtle competition of the molecular adsorptions between the solute and solvent.


Rational control over the formation and processability, and consequently final properties of graphene oxide liquid crystalline dispersions has been a long-standing goal in the development of bottom-up device fabrication processes. Here we report, the principal conditions through which such levels of control can be exercised to fine-tune dispersion properties for further processing.


An antioxidant edible film based on purple sweet potato (PSP) starch plasticized with glycerol and incorporated with antioxidant sources (anthocyanin and Butylated Hydroxy anisole (BHA) has been developed. PSP consists of high anthocyanin content due to its bright purple color. The anthocyanin believes to become a carrier for antioxidant agent and also act as a natural colorant in food meanwhile BHA were a synthetic antioxidant additives which mainly used in food. PSP film was prepared by casting method. PSP starch blending with anthocyanin extract (89.04 ± 1.70 %) shows higher DPPH scavenging activity compared to sweet potato (SP) starch blending with BHA solution (74.83 ± 1.73 %). PSP with anthocyanin extract is more effective as antioxidant edible film due to higher antioxidant activity compare to mixture of SP with BHA.


T he Duke Cancer Institute is dedicated to a broad spectrum of cancer research and the translation of that research into the latest in patient care. T he Center serves as the focus for all of Duke University's activities in cancer, a single entity that integrates and aligns patient care and research with the goals of improving patient outcomes, decreasing the burden of cancer and accelerating scientific progress. It became an NCI-designated comprehensive cancer center in 1972. Qeios · Definition, February 7, 2020


An improved optical probe was developed to monitor dust‐cloud concentration in explosions even in the presence of dust flame radiation. Principal features of the probe include a pulsed light‐emitting diode and a photodetector with optical interference filter to reduce flame radiation. The probe has a U‐shaped configuration and air jets to keep the windows dust free. Experimental data are presented for a coal dust explosion.


Taking the listed companies without actual controllers of A-shares in China from 2009 to 2017, this paper studies the influence factors of listed companies without actual controllers through hypothesis test and model construction. This paper finds that company size, mortgage asset value, profitability has significant positive impacts on the debt level of listed companies without actual controllers. Internal accumulation level and risk control ability has significant negative effects, while the influence of company growth, bank-enterprise relationship and turnover ability is not significant.


In this paper, we investigate the reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-aided terahertz (THz) communication system with the sparse radio frequency chains antenna structure at the base station (BS). To overcome the beam split of the BS, different from the conventional single-layer true-time-delay (TTD) scheme, we propose a double-layer TTD scheme that can effectively reduce the number of large-range delay devices, which involve additional insertion loss and amplification circuitry. Next, we analyze the system performance under the proposed double-layer TTD scheme. To relieve the beam split of the RIS, we consider multiple distributed RISs to replace an ultra-large size RIS. Based on this, we formulate an achievable rate maximization problem for the distributed RISs-aided THz communications via jointly optimizing the hybrid analog/digital beamforming, time delays of the double-layer TTD network and reflection coefficients of RISs. Considering the practical hardware limitation, the finite-resolution phase shift, time delay and reflection phase are constrained. To solve the formulated problem, we first design an analog beamforming scheme including optimizing phase shift and time delay based on the RISs' locations. Then, an alternatively optimization algorithm is proposed to obtain the digital beamforming and reflection coefficients based on the minimum mean square error and coordinate update techniques. Finally, simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.


In practical industry process, the control system is always nonlinear and time variant. It is hard to establish the accurate mathematical model of the plant. Therefore the conventional PID controller cannot derive the ideal control performance. The paper carries on the study and presents a self-tuning fuzzy PID controller, taking the industry process with long delay as the control object, and simulates the responses with MATLAB. Both theory analysis and the simulation result show that this self-tuning fuzzy PID controller is better in control performance than the conventional one.


The authors of the article point out that the selected set of contradictions, the social significance of the problem, the need for practice of physical education of students in grounded technologies to provide the theoretical and law foundations of physical education, led to the search for new forms of physical education in unity with socio-cultural activities. Without diminishing the importance of scientific reserches of scientists, it should be noted the absence of state management of integrated scientific research of the mechanisms of the state administration in the field of physical culture and sports at the regional level in today's national science. It is considered to be one of the reasons of the implementation of these mechanisms for the imperfection of low level of physical health of the majority of the population, including students, as the current system of physical education is not able to fully resolve the problem of personal health and improving of physical qualities. Attempts to use physical education as a means of recovery, without necessary physical self-improvement, just create some preconditions for the modernization of the process of formation of physical man, but not the formation of physical education of the person. As a result, physical training as a subject of high school does not fulfill fully its important functions – forming an effective relationship of a man to his own physical improvement, and therefore is characterized by the decreased interest of the majority of students to sports and sports activities and lost its prestige.


The weakest link in an information supply chain can lead to increased vulnerability for all partners in the network. Examining and controlling risk propagation from the network and supply-chain perspectives has become vital to overall network security.


into the eadaveric position. Some French writers had recently cast doubt on Semon's law, and this patient seenmed to illustrate it very well. He had not yet formed an opinion as to the character of the recent swelling. He would show the patient again. Sutbsequentt History.-The patient later had some recurrence of dyspnoea and was therefore re-admitted to St. George's Hospital to have the tracheotomy tube re-inserted. He died suddenly on the morning when this was to have been done (July 21, 1926), by then aged 74, apparently of some acute cerebral condition. At the necropsy permission could not be obtained to open the skull, but it was found that the swelling was a simple cyst and the cords remained fixed in the same position as during life.


In attempting to measure remotely the constituents of the ocean through spectral analysis of diffusely reflected sunlight, it is important to know the depth over which constituent concentrations can be estimated. Recently, considerable interest has been generated in the use of sunlight-excited fluorescence of chlorophyll a contained in photoplankton (in vivo) to determine remotely the chlorophyll a concentration in surface waters. In the present paper an estimate is provided for the depth to which chlorophyll a concentration can be determined from observations of the fluorescence.


The invention discloses a performance testing device for an oil pump. The device comprises a workbench, an oil tank, a control module and a data display module, wherein the oil tank is communicated with an oil suction port of an oil pump to be detected; an oil outlet of the oil pump to be detected is communicated with an oil discharging pipe; the outlet end of the oil discharging pipe is communicated with a main oil pipe and a return oil pipe; outlets of the main oil pipe and the return oil pipe are communicated with the oil tank; a flow sensor, a first pressure sensor and a first pressure regulation valve are sequentially connected to the oil discharging pipe along an oil discharging direction; a second pressure sensor is connected to the main oil pipe; a second pressure regulation valve is connected to the return oil pipe. According to the performance testing device for the oil pump, a changing relationship between the pressure and the flow of an outlet of the oil pump at different temperature is simulated and tested at the same temperature, and the device is short in testing time and high in testing efficiency.


* Preface * A Note on Terminology *1. Initial Contacts: Redeeming Texas from Mexicans, 1821-1836 *2. Niggers, Redskins, and Greasers: Tejano Mixed-Bloods in a White Racial State *3. An Indolent People *4. Defective Morality *5. Disloyalty and Subversion *6. Leyendas Negras *7. Frontier "Democracy" and Tejanos-the Antebellum Period *8. Frontier "Democracy" and Tejanos-the Postbellum Period *9. Epilogue: "Not the White Man's Equal * Notes * Bibliography * Index


BACKGROUND/AIM
Methionine inhibits proliferation of breast and prostate cancer cells. This study aimed to determine cell cycle effects of methionine and selectivity for cancer cells.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
MCF-7 (breast), LNCaP (prostate), and LS-174 (colon) cancer cells (wild-type p53), DU-145 (prostate) and SW480 (colon) cancer cells (mutated p53), and immortalized, non-tumorigenic MCF-10A (breast), BPH-1 (prostate), and NCM-460 (colon) epithelial cells were used. Cell cycle effects were assessed by flow cytometry and cell cycle-related gene expression by microarray analysis and QRT-PCR.

RESULTS
L-Methionine at 5 mg/ml for 72 hours (non-apoptotic) arrested cell cycle in LNCaP, DU145, and MCF-7 cells, but not in untransformed cells, nor in LS-174 cells. LNCaP and MCF-7 cells were arrested at G(1), but DU-145 at S. Methionine up-regulated CDKIs and down-regulated CDKs.

CONCLUSION
L-Methionine selectively inhibits proliferation of breast and prostate cancer cells, but not non-tumorigenic cells, and may thus have therapeutic benefits. p53 status appeared to determine the cell cycle stage at which methionine acts.


This study aims to assess the scientific work it in and Mandar culture pappasang relationship with moral development of society , qualitative descriptive study design. That becomes assessment data is the phrase / sentence that contains / contain moral messages Mandar. Sources of data for the assessment is a written record of books related to Mandar pappasang moral and oral data sources obtained from informants . The data collection ( 1 ) Seeking Informants and knowledge to provide inputs for the author , (2 ) carefully and thoroughly read books and research results that are relevant to the study. ( 3 ) Conducting interviews with informants who have extensive knowledge of the cultural background of Mandar , especially pappasang Manda. The results showed that the moral is contained in pappasang ethics or rules and advice ancestral grow and thrive in the midst of Mandar people, that need to be adhered to and heeded anytime and anywhere. This means that the noble values contained pappasang , not only applies to the past but also still relevant to be applied to people's lives mandar now.


most cases a comfortable number of significant digits are provided. Though differing in scope from the classic Biometrika Tables and the statistical tables and Fisher and Yates, the reviewer feels that the current volume may well approach them in importance. It should be noted that the funding for this extensive project was through the generosity of the Iowa Testing Programs of the University of Iowa.


Two young male patients with increasing fequency of seizures unresponsive to anti-epileptic drugs are reported. The focal electroencephalographic findings and the lesions revealed by magnetic resonance and x-ray computed tomographic images were compatible with the clinical features of the seizures. Removal of the lesions was performed without the guidance of electrocor ticography. Histological examination revealed focal caldfications


Objectives To analyze residents' health literacy in Public Health Emergencies(PHEs) using Structural Equation Modeling(SEM),in order to explore the feasibility of applying SEM into analysis of residents' health literacy in PHEs.Methods The survey data of evaluation indexes of health literacy about PHEs of Nanjing residents was used to construct the SEM to assess the feasibility and value of that model in the analysis of health literacy about PHE.Results The SEM fitted well,the basic model explained the relationship between latent variables and observed variables,the structural model reflected the relationship between latent variables,the health literacy about PHEs was mainly explained by the observed variables,so the latent variables could well indicate the health literacy about PHEs.Conclusions After analyzing health literacy about PHEs using SEM,we found the model fit well,and this kind of analysis was worthy of exploratory and practicality,which could serve as a guidance for future researches.


Review on TSC2 (tuberous sclerosis 2), with data on DNA, on the protein encoded, and where the gene is implicated.


In order to optimize the proportion and the exceuting power source used as the propulsion system of rolling stock to be desirable for adhesion drive, the differential motor truck is designed. And as the results of the test of one-fifth scale model truck, it has been verified that this conception will be recommended for the above-mentioned propulsion system.


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In some ways, stingrays are the Cinderellas of the elasmobranch world. Compared with their better-studied cousins, the sharks, little is known about the ways that stingrays sense their environment. Coupled with that, stingrays seem to have a major disadvantage relative to the


The dynamical system model proposed by V OSE provides a theory of genetic algorithms as specific random heuristic search (RHS) algorithms by describing the stochastic trajectory of a population with the help of a deterministic heuristic function and its fixed points. In order to simplify the mathematical analysis and to enable the explicit calculation of the fixed points the simple genetic algorithm (SGA) with α-selection has been introduced where the best or α-individual is mated with individuals randomly chosen from the population with uniform probability. This selection scheme also allows to derive a simple coarse-grained system model based on the equivalence relation imposed by schemata. In this paper, theα-selection scheme is generalised to α⋆-selection by allowing theβ best individuals of the current population instead of the single best α-individual to mate with other individuals randomly chosen from the population. It is shown that most of the results obtained for α-selection can be transferred to the SGA with generalisedα⋆-selection, e.g. the explicit calculation of the fixed points of the heuristic function or the derivation of a coarse-grained system model based on schemata.


FIELD: textiles, paper. SUBSTANCE: invention is related to pulp and paper industry. Method for processing of lignocellulose material includes stage of impregnation, at which lignocellulose material is soaked in impregnation solution; the first stage of recycle, at which impregnation solution is drained, filtered, concentrated and returned to the stage of impregnation; stage of catalytic reaction, at which soaked lignocellulose material is mixed on chamber of catalytic reaction and heated up to the temperature over point of impregnation solution evaporation, thus, evaporated impregnation solution and lignin are produced. Besides method includes the second stage of recycle, at which evaporated impregnation solution is condensed and returned to stage of saturation; stage of boiling, at which lignin is energetically mixed in cooking boiler in presence of black iron and alkaline solution for production of cellulose pulp and black lye of full concentration; stage of processing, at which cellulose pulp is drained, washed and dried, thus, dried cellulose pulp and dissolved black lye are produced. Method includes the third stage of recycle, at which dissolved black lye is returned to the stage of boiling; stage of separation, at which black lye of full concentration is cooled and energetically mixed in presence of acid solution, thus, sweet lye is produced, as well as deposited lignin of natural origin; stage of filtering, at which sweet lye is filtered in order to extract lignin of natural origin, and stage of fermentation, at which sweet lye is added to bacteria in fermentation apparatus, thus, unicellular protein is produced as product of fermentation. Invention is related to device for processing of lignocellulose material, and also unicellular protein and lignin, which are produced by above-mentioned method. EFFECT: possibility is provided to process various types of vegetable material with no necessity in re-equipping or variation of technological equipment, prevention of environmental pollution and reduction of power inputs. 12 cl, 6 dwg, 4 tbl


Twenty years have passed since spirituality and the perspective of God as a source of social support emerged from my dissertation research. In this research, older African American cancer survivors conceptualized spirituality as a personal relationship with God and the beliefs that maintain that relationship. Among these older African Americans, "religion" was the umbrella term used to describe participation in church activities, beliefs about God, and the perceived support derived from their relationship with God, family, and friends. Since my dissertation research, I have had the opportunity to engage in nearly 200 interviews with African Americans to better understand how these practices and beliefs are used in response to life-threatening illness. These interviews have brought clarity to the nature of religious beliefs and practices as complex and dynamic, yet distinct and interwoven concepts. Over the years, it has been extremely rewarding to advance my own scholarship in the area of spirituality, theology, and health and to also witness the increased frequency of scholarly contributions of others to this field. However, along with this growth of scholarship in the field of spirituality are inconsistencies and frequently a lack of clarity with concepts related to religion and spirituality used in scholarly writings. In this reflection, I will use exemplars from my research with African American cancer survivors to make the distinction between religion and spirituality and argue why these concepts should not be used interchangeably. Among scholars, religion has been distinguished from spirituality, although this remains a controversial area. Generally, religion is an adherence to a set of beliefs, values, rituals, and symbols and participation in activities of organized religious institutions. Religiosity or religious involvement is another concept used among scholars to refer to beliefs and practices related to organized religious institutions. Spirituality, on the other hand, has been conceptualized to occur on a more personal level and apart from affiliations with organized religious institutions. Conceptualizations of spirituality may include a search for answers to questions about life, a relationship to God, and making meaning of individual human experience through dimensions of connectedness: within oneself; to others and the environment; or, to God or other higher power. Distinctions between religion and spirituality as practiced among African American cancer survivors have not been as clear as those proposed among scholars. Among older African Americans, the term religion, also known as religious experience, was used to capture the entirety of their beliefs in God, their covenant with this Deity, and the benefits derived from their beliefs. This religious experience generally included beliefs centered around church attendance, religious practices, and religious doctrine that guided relationships with others. A strong belief system among older African Americans has been attributed to a religious culture and life history where the church was the central institution in the community, and attendance at worship and other church services was strongly encouraged, if not mandatory. Attendance at church services exposed participants at an early age to practices of praying, reading and reciting scriptures, and singing of hymns. These religious practices reinforced beliefs, expectations for godly behaviors in society, and permitted expressions of worries, needs, and desires to God, family, and others in their social networks. During a cancer diagnosis and treatment, African Americans might find comfort in engaging in religious practices of singing religious songs, reading scriptures, and praying. During one interview, an older African American man spoke of a religious practice of singing hymns that was helpful to him during his illness:


The Alox15 gene was recently identified as a negative regulator of peak BMD in mice. Polymorphisms in human ALOX12, but not ALOX15, were significantly associated with spine BMD in white men and women, suggesting that ALOX12 may contribute to normal variation in BMD.


Broad concerns over water shortages and drought where irrigated urban landscapes are common in high desert regions have focused attention on drought tolerance of turfgrass species. We investigated the physiological responses of Kentucky bluegrass (KBG) and tall fescue (TF) under a prolonged drought under high desert conditions. The experimental design was a split plot with three replicates. Two irrigation treatments as a whole plot—well-watered and no-water—were applied to subplots of 'Midnight' KBG and 'Gazelle' TF. Stomatal conductance (gs), canopy temperature, and predawn leaf water potential were measured over two seasons. KBG gs and leaf water potential decreased faster and to a greater extent than TF in response to soil drying, and KBG was in complete dormancy and brown within 5 weeks after cessation of irrigation. By contrast, TF maintained a green canopy throughout the drought periods. In the nowater plots, TF appeared to consume water from the deepest measured soil profiles (80 to 100 cm depth) while KBG used most of the water in the 50 to 60 cm depths. In late summer when watered for recovery, KBG plots were mostly green within 3 weeks after re-watering. The surface temperature of the well-watered plots was 6–13 °C cooler than the no-water plots and TF showed 5–7 °C lower temperature than KBG in no-water plots. TF is suitable for deep soil, exploiting a larger volume of water to avoid drought while 1 Reprinted from Leksungnoen, N., P.G. Johnson, and R.K. Kjelgren. 2012. Physiological responses of turfgrass species to drought stress under high desert conditions. HortScience 47(1):105–111. 24 KBG's rapid drought avoidance would likely perform better in shallow landscape soils under drought.


Introduction: What is Governance? PART 1: PERSPECTIVES ON GOVERNANCE Different Ways to Think About Governance Conceptual and Theoretical Perspectives on Governance Why the Concern with Governance Now? PART II: MODELS OF GOVERNANCE Governance at Three Levels Scenario 1: Reasserting Control Scenario 2: Letting Other Regimes Rule Communitarianism, Deliberation, Direct Democracy and Governance PART III: GOVERNANCE AND THE STATE States in Transition Conclusions: Rethinking States and Governance


Financial instruments have been developed over time from bonds, with a simple structure of cash flows, to yielding instruments that have a complex structure, attracting a much broader range of investors and permitting issuers of bonds to allow reduce the costs of fund raising. To construct investment strategies to control interest rate risk and grow revenues, investors must understand the forcesthat controls the bond market but also the tendencies. The main objective of this paper is to show how they apply to an investment strategy and asset allocation tools available. Fixed income products occupy a large share in total assets, so we want to highlight how to use fixed income products in order to optimize the portfolio of companies. Working hypothesis we chose looks at how the value of financial assets is influenced by macroeconomic factors and market price developments. Investment banks, in particular, put great emphasis on fixed income products and their use by customers. Thus traditional banking and financial products together with fixed income products enables companies to finance current needs, to finance development and to diversify the asset allocation tools.


The article talks about the sacred objects in the legends, born on the Syr. The spiritual values of legends and geography of holy places are mainly reflected as knowledge.
Continuing the traditions passed down from the ancestors and respecting sacred and holy places, the expression of national identity in legends is revealed.
An exemplary model of holy places in the Syr region has been identified. The cognitive function of holy places in legends is analyzed.
A legend is given about such religious figures as Khorasan Ata, Okshi Ata, Maral Ishan, known in Central Asia. Holy places and religious and educational thought were taken into account in the legends born on the Syr. The historiographic base of legends is revealed, their political and spiritual significance is assessed. Comparing the opinions of scholars-researchers about the holy places, a new conclusion was made.
On the basis of fundamental research in Kazakh science, it was analyzed from the point of view of today.
It was intended to reveal the worldview of historical figures, giving references to sacred objects in legends.
It is proved that the sacred objects in the legends born on the Syr have national significance, the semantic features of the legendary thoughts are revealed.


wug is also a morpheme. It is a root to which other morphemes attach. Some words consist of only a root morpheme such as dog, cat, eat, and sleep. However, many words consist of more than one morpheme. Other morphemes are divided into two kinds: inflectional morphemes, which create new forms of a word and derivational morphemes, which create new words. The English plural –s is an example of inflectional morphemes.


ABSTRACT The widespread practice of shale gas extraction via high volume hydraulic fracturing (HVHF) has created challenges for communities who attempt to understand HVHF risk. This study uses a critical discourse lens to understand how intersectionality, and environmental justice language frames might be more clearly established in tools that stakeholders must use to engage in energy policy deliberation. I examine how stakeholders in Ohio, Pennsylvania, and New York navigate public comment tools in an attempt to understand environmental risk. Using both interview and think aloud protocol, I find that possibilities to voice concern about HVHF risk vary by locality and state. HVHF policy deliberation that does not often include 'intersectional' and 'environmental justice' frameworks results in an uneven distribution of HVHF risk across and within states. By understanding various discourse frames within policy tools in different states, a more just system of risk identification might emerge.


This chapter argues that in order to protect its export model from the dangers of imported inflation, Germany strove to commit the US to monetary and fiscal rigor. To this end, German officials blocked the attempts of the Carter administration to organize a global Keynesian expansion, and scaled back their foreign exchange interventions in support of a weakening dollar. Both actions helped push the US into the Volcker Shock, which deflated the world economy and launched the attack on organized labor. The chapter concludes that the neoliberal experiment in the US, paralleled and reinforced by similar attempts in the UK, was late and lucky. Rather than the outcome of a decade-long domestic shift—seamless and sealed off from the world outside the Anglo-American heartland—the neoliberal counter-revolution was driven in part by the external pressures imposed by Germany, and subsequently sustained by a bout of Japanese investment.


UV‐B irradiation has been used to enhance the secondary metabolite content in plants, but its spatial effect on plants has not been considered. The objective of this study was to compare spatial photosynthetic traits and bioactive compound accumulation in kale (Brassica oleracea L. var Acephala) according to the distribution and length of UV‐B exposure near harvest. Plants were exposed to UV‐B of 0–3, 3–6 and 6–9 W m−2 for 4 h per day at 5 days (Exp. 1) and 4.2 W m−2 at 5, 4, 3, 2 or 1 days (Exp. 2) before harvest. In spatial distribution, the higher the UV‐B intensity, the lower the mean Fv/Fm (maximal photochemical efficiency of PSII) and the higher the concentration of total flavonoid compound (TFC). With UV‐B stress, Fv/Fm and fluorescence transient parameters decreased except for DI0/CS (dissipated energy flux per cross section) and PIabs (performance index of PSII). When exposed to UV‐B radiation for 2 days before harvest, the total phenolic compounds and TFC per plant were highest, not always proportional to the local Fv/Fm but affected by dry weight. Short‐term UV‐B stress near harvest would be more efficient for the accumulation of bioactive compounds by minimizing the loss of plant weight.