The Czech Digital Mathematics Library, one of the local digital mathematics libraries (DML) that have emerged world-wide in the last decade is presented. Authors survey basic facts about the project: its goals and how they were met, its structure, content and services offered to users, the experience from the first three years of routine operation in modest conditions, and visions of further development. It is believed that such local DMLs can form feasible building blocks for the envisioned global DML.


Parkinson's disease is the second most common neu- rodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer disease affecting 1% - 2% in people >60 years old and 3% - 4% in people >80.


The hardware, software, and a protocol have been developed for the screening of lead bricks for free release or recycle from the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory. The procedure for measuring the background from a sampling of ``clean`` lead bricks and for deducing the decision limits (in pCi/g) have been developed. At the decision limit, a radioactive lead brick would be detected with 95% confidence if it were present. The total and peak efficiencies of a 2.54-cm diameter {times} 2.54-cm high NaI(Tl) scintillation detector for the counting geometry of the present study were measured with a mixed radionuclide standard and calculated with a Monte Carlo program, CYLTRAN. The deduced decision limit for the counting conditions of the present study were 0.0588 pCi/g by analyzing the entire spectrum and 0.256 pCi/g by analyzing the 661-keV peak region for a 900-second count.


In Reply.— In my response to Dr Crumrine, I stated, "The company policy should be developed with physician input and full consideration of [EEOC] regulations and EEOC decisions on similar cases." The employer has full responsibility for the safety and health of the worker in the workplace. Therefore, the company should have a policy on the placement of employees in the workplace. I further stated, "The decision on waiving restrictions for the employee on the application for employment with a definite inguinal hernia and a moderate-sized defect rests with the examining physician who should be guided by company guidelines." I agree that a physician should not permit nonmedical considerations, especially laws that are directed to the employer, to modify his medical judgment; however, the physician should not function in a vacuum, isolated from the rules and regulations of society. I also agree that a physician should maintain medical confidentiality when


Nonlinear ultrasound modeling is finding an increasing number of applications in both medical and industrial areas where due to high pressure amplitudes the effects of nonlinear propagation are no longer negligible. Taking nonlinear effects into account makes the ultrasound beam analysis more accurate in these applications. One of the most widely used nonlinear models for propagation of 3D diffractive sound beams in dissipative media is the KZK (Khokhlov, Kuznetsov, Zabolotskaya) parabolic nonlinear wave equation. Various numerical algorithms have been developed to solve the KZK equation. Generally, these algorithms fall into one of three main categories: frequency domain, time domain and combined time-frequency domain. The intrinsic parabolic approximation in the KZK equation imposes a limiting accuracy on the solution to the diffraction term of the KZK equation, particularly for field points in near field or in far off-axis regions. In this work we developed a novel generalized time domain numerical algorithm to solve the diffraction term of the KZK equation. The algorithm solves the Laplacian operator of the KZK equation in 3D Cartesian coordinates using a novel finite difference technique. This leads to a more accurate solution to the diffraction term in the KZK equation without compromising calculational efficiency. The outcome is a new numerical algorithm to solve the KZK equation with higher accuracy and increased efficiency compared to current algorithms.


How does policy information flow through Washington `issue networks'? And how does information flow determine which lobbyists get access in policy-making? Drawing upon the `strength of weak ties' argument, the authors argue that policy information passes more through acquaintances (`weak ties') than through close, trusted, contacts (`strong ties'). They support this argument in an analysis of data on lobbying networks in health-care policy-making in the 1970s and 1980s. The statistical analyses show that access to policy-makers in Washington is network-autocorrelated: a lobbyist's access depends upon the access of other lobbyists s/he knows. The results demonstrate the importance of weak ties as a restricted form of `social capital' in policy-making.


In this paper, we exploit gradient histograms for person identification based on gait. A traditional and successful method for gait recognition is the Gait Energy Image (GEI). Here, person silhouettes are averaged over full gait cycles, which leads to a robust and efficient representation. However, binarized silhouettes only capture edge information at the boundary of the person. By contrast, the Gradient Histogram Energy Image (GHEI) also captures edges within the silhouette by means of gradient histograms. Combined with precise α-matte preprocessing and with a new part-based extension, recognition performance can be further improved. In addition, we show, that GEI can even be outperformed by directly applying gradient histogram extraction on the already bina-rized silhouettes. We run all experiments on the widely used HumanID gait database and show significant performance improvements over the current state of the art.


Infinite impulse response (IIR) recursive linear digital filters are widely used because of their low computational cost and low storage overhead requirements. Finite impulse response (FIR) filters, on the other hand, allow the possibility of implementing linear-phase linear digital filters which have constant group delay across all frequencies. The tradeoff is that to achieve similar magnitude transfer functions, FIR filters usually require much larger filter orders than their IIR counterparts. We describe an algorithm for the efficient implementation of certain classes of FIR filters. We introduce an extension of the truncated IIR (TIIR) algorithm which allows the truncation of arbitrary IIR filter tails. Our algorithm allows the possibility of implementing polynomial impulse responses. Additionally, we present an analysis of the effects of limited numerical precision and provide design guidelines for designing systems with acceptable noise tolerance.


Patients with irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhoea (IBS‐D) experience restriction in daily activities and decreased health‐related quality of life (QOL).


A novel envelope detector structure that overcomes the traditional tradeoff required in these circuits, improving both the tracking and keeping of the signal, which is specially advantageous for fast-settling circuits, is proposed in this paper. The method relies on holding the signal by two capacitors in parallel, discharging one when the other is in the hold mode and employing the held signals to form the output. Results show a savings greater than 60% of the capacitor area for the same ripple ( < 1%) and a release time constant that is 13 times smaller than that obtained by conventional circuits.


This paper introduces a design method based on Internet configuration real-time database, including the design of dat structure of real-time database and processing algorithm. For the real-time of a real-time database, it adds a max-time property o delay permitted, thus can ensure real-time ability, reliability and flexibility of the configuration software.


This paper describes the techniques developed at Birmingham University to measure the amplitude and phase of the ionospheric cross-modulation observed in the test transmissions which are described in detail elsewhere. The devices which were developed and the techniques of observation employed allowed trustworthy measurements to be made with comparative ease.


Sketch-Based Image Retrieval: The appearance gap between sketches and photo-realistic images is a fundamental challenge in sketch based image retrieval (SBIR) systems. The existence of noisy edges on photo-realistic images is a key factor in the enlargement of the appearance gap and significantly degrades retrieval performance. To bridge the gap, we propose a framework consisting of a new line segment-based descriptor named histogram of line relationship (HLR) and a new noise impact reduction algorithm known as object boundary selection. HLR treats sketches and extracted edges of photorealistic images as a series of piece-wise line segments and captures the relationship between them. Based on the HLR, the object boundary selection algorithm aims to reduce the impact of noisy edges by selecting the shaping edges that best correspond to the object boundaries. Multiple hypotheses are generated for descriptors by hypothetical edge selection. The selection algorithm is formulated to find the best combination of hypotheses to maximize the retrieval score; a fast method is also proposed. To reduce the distraction of false matches in the scoring process, two constraints on spatial and coherent aspects are introduced. We tested the HLR descriptor and the proposed framework on public datasets and a new image dataset of three million images, which we recently collected for SBIR evaluation purposes. We compared the proposed HLR with state-of-the-art descriptors (SHoG, GF-HOG). The experimental results show that our HLR descriptor outperforms them. Combined with the object boundary selection algorithm, our framework significantly improves SBIR performance. Content-Based Image Retrieval: Due to increase in large image database, the storage of such data is expensive, so that the image compression techniques come into picture. Content-based image indexing and retrieval has been an important research area, in which indexing and retrieval is performed on the basis of the contents of the images. The contents are like color, shape or texture of that image. Trying to retrieve similar images from the compressed image database is a tedious job. So introduce a technique which index and retrieve the images from such database. This paper implement a halftone based Ordered-Dither Block truncation Coding (ODBTC) technique to compress an image. The benefit of low complexity, ODBTC generate an image content descriptor for content based image retrieval (CBIR). In the encoding step, we compress an image block into corresponding quantizers and bitmap image. Two image features namely color co-occurrence feature (CCF) and bit pattern features (BPF) are used to index an encoded image by involving the visual codebook, and this features are generated directly from the encoded data streams without performing the decoding. An efficient approach to retrieve similar images from compressed database using hierarchical clustering algorithm is proposed. Hierarchical clustering algorithm is bottom-up approach to compute similar images with improved efficiency. So this scheme is not only provide image compression, because of its simplicity, but also simple and effective descriptor to index images in CBIR system.


Introduction: George C. Homans: His Life and Work A. Javier Trevino 1. The Rise of Homans at Harvard: Pareto and the English Villagers Lawrence T. Nichols 2. George C. Homans: A Medievalist for the Twentieth Century Candice T. Quinn 3. Efficient Causes, Final Causes, and Human Nature: George C. Homans and Social Anthropology Aram A. Yengoyan 4. Elements and Identity: Homans as an Industrial Sociologist Stephen J. Appold 5. Homans' Vision of Social Exchange Linda D. Molm 6. Homans and Emerson on Power: Out of the Skinner Box? Karen S. Cook and Alexandra Gerbasi 7. Exchange, Affect, and Group Relations Edward J. Lawler 8. The Return of the Ghost of Utilitarianism: Talcott Parsons and the Theory of George C. Homans in the 1960s Uta Gerhardt 9. Theorizing in Sociology: The Advocacy of George C. Homans Jonathan H. Turner 10. Bringing Obligations Back Into Human Rights: Political Thought in George Casper Homans Irving Louis Horowitz 11. George C. Homans: His Life in Poetry Sue Standing


To investigate the effectiveness of thymosin a1 on patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia (SCAP). Methods Thirty-five patients with SCAP were randomly divided into two groups, group A with regular treatment as control and group B with both thymosin a1 and regular treatment. Venous blood specimens were collected from them before treatment (baseline) and seven days after treatment for laboratory testing, including serum concentrations of c-reactive protein (CRP) and albumen (ALB), serum activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and aniline aminotransferase ( ALT), and percentage of T-lymphocyte subsets CD3+ , CD+ and CD8+ by indirect immunofluorescence. Meanwhile, their symptoms, signs and chest X-ray were observed. Length of mechanical ventilation and stay at emergency intensive care units (EICU) of the patients were recorded. Results Percentages of CD3+ and CD4+ , and ratio of CD+ to CD8 + increased significantly and percentage of CD8+ reduced significantly in group B seven days after treatment, as compared to those before treatment [ (46.3 ± 5.3) % vs. (29.9 ± 2.1 ) %, (44.5 ± 5.2) % vs. (28. 7 ± 2. 8 ) %, and 1.8 ± 0. 4 vs. 0. 9 ± 0. 1, respectively, P 0.05 ) . Length of mechanical ventilation and stay at EICU were significantly shorter in group B than those in group A [ ( 8.4 ± 2.7 ) d vs. ( 5.1 ± 1.6 ) d, P 0.05).Conclusions Immune status of patients with SCAP could be improved by thymosin a1, with a shorter length of mechanical ventilation and stay at EICU, to promote their recovery.

Key words:
Thymosin hormones;  T-lymphocyte subsets;  Community-acquired infections


Objective To observe the clinicopathologic characteristics of the solid-pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas(SPN) and to probe into its differentiation patterns and histogenesis.MethodsThe histological characteristics of 15 cases of SPN were observed by HE method.Immunohistochemical PV 6000 was used to test some protein expression in 15 cases of SPN. ResultsClinical and imageological findings were: all the 15 cases were females,mean age(range) was 27.5 years(18-51).Of the 15 tumors,5 located in the head of the pancreas,5 in the body,4 in the tail and 1 in retroperitoneum.The mean(range) diameter of the tumors was 9.3 cm(3.0-17.3),in which,14 with intact capsule.CT revealed variable combinations of solid and cystic areas in all 15 cases,in which,14 had a higher-density fibrous capsule,no clear margin was seen in one.Follow-up of from 3 months to 10 years,no recurrence was found,another one with hepatic metastasis 13 months later.Histology showed a uniform population of tumor cells.The nuclei were oval or round without atypia,and mitotic activity was absent.Psudopapillary structure with a fibrovascular core was remarkable.Hemorrhage,foam cells and cholesterol crystals were often found.Immunohistochemically,15 cases had positive for α-1-AT,13 had vimentin,10 had NSE,5 had CgA,8 had PR and 4 had Actin;but ER,Syn,EMA,Glucagon,Gastrin and Insulin were negative for all the cases.ConclusionSPN is most commonly seen in young female with a benign clinical course and a higher surgically-cure rate,which develops from primitive pancreatic cells,with the potentiality of developing into ducts,acinus,and endocrine cells.


Preface 1. Severe mental illness and social factors 2. Poverty 3. Constellations of disadvantage 4. Depression and anxiety 5. Genetics 6. Substance misuse 7. Mechanisms 8. Stigma 9. Recovery 10. Working with poverty 11. Afterword References Index.


It is now widely acknowledged that the Bush administration used faulty and false information to justify the 2003 war on Iraq, and that the mainstream media, by not adequately investigating the case for war, assisted with the project. In this paper, I outline the particular strategies employed by the media–military industrial complex to ensure a dominance of pro-war arguments in the public sphere. I conclude by arguing that the failure of the media in the US to meet the democratic needs of this society places enormous responsibility on intellectuals to produce scholarship critical of the new imperialism.


44-year-old man was brought to our emergency department after having a ventricular fibrillation cardiac arrest and initial emergency defibrillation. He had elevated blood alcohol levels (318 mg/dL), hypokalemia (potassium level, 2.7 mEq/L), and a mildly elevated cardiac troponin I level (0.2 ng/mL). A coronary angiogram showed no coronary artery disease or other abnormality. An electrocar-diogram (ECG) showed a QT interval of 416 ms, a prolonged corrected QT interval (QTc) of 602 ms, and coved ST-segment elevations in leads V 1 and V 2 (Fig. 1).


There has been a surge of media coverage (to coin a phrase) about the Iraq War on its anniversary and it has been generally a bit dull and uninsightful. The media has pulled out the stops, partly I suspect because many journalists feel guilty about their role in the lead-up to the invasion. But little of the coverage has been surprising. The ten minute drama-doc films on the BBC every night have been very well-done, I particularly enjoyed Kenneth 'Henry V' Branagh as Colonel Tim Collins. The best bit of reporting I have seen was by The Guardian's Ghaith Abdul-Ahad whose very personal five minute films for ITV News at Ten combined poignant interviews, insightful observation, stunning still photography and great filming. You can see them online here. But, in general, what can the news programmes say apart from 'this is what we did then' and 'this is how it is now'?


Background/Aim . There are only several studies on the acute effect of alcoholic drinks intake on heart rhythm and this phenomenon is still not well understood. We wanted to examine whether linear and nonlinear measures of RR interval and QT interval series could quantify the effect of beer in healthy subjects. Methods . Eighteen young volunteers drank 500 mL of beer (21 g of ethanol). Electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings were taken in supine position: 20 minutes before (relaxation) and 60 minutes after drink intake. The RR interval series and the QT interval series were extracted from ECG and we calculated short-term ( α 1 ) and long-term ( α 2 ) scaling exponents and sample entropy (SampEn) for both series; low frequency (LF) and high frequency (HF) spectral components from RR interval series and QT variability (QTV). Blood pressure was measured every 10 minutes. Results . It was shown that beer induced changes in variability and correlation properties of these series. Immediate effect of beer intake was detected as a transient increase in the QT variability, heart rate and blood pressure. Delayed effects of beer were shortening of the RR and QT intervals and reduction of the HF spectral component. Beer intake also increased short-term scaling exponent ( α 1 ) of the RR time series and long-term scaling exponent ( α 2 ) of the QT time series. Conclusion . Our results suggest that acute effects of beer are reduced parasympathetic control of the heart and changed dynamic complexity of the ventricular repolarization.


Studying the flow behavior is critical to understand the deformation mechanism of amorphous solids. However, detecting the basic flow events in amorphous solids is challenging. Here, by simultaneous SAXS/WAXS, elementary flow carriers in wound metallic glasses are identified from flow-induced structural heterogeneities with a radius of gyration of 2.5∼3.5 nm. Their size increases and morphology changes from sphere-like to rod-like under flow. Moreover, the atomic structure exhibits an unusual change to a more disordered state during winding/annealing at the temperature of ∼0.8 Tg. This work provides an atomic-to-nanoscale description of the flow carriers of amorphous solids during deformation. Impact Statement The elementary flow carriers in metallic glasses have a radius of gyration of 2.5∼3.5 nm. During flow, their size increases and morphology changes from sphere-like to rod-like. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT


The invention provides a hand tool capable of working in various working modes, which comprises a handle, a tool joint and a positioning device, wherein the handle is provided with a containing room, a containing groove and a limiting part; the containing groove and the limiting part are respectively communicated with the containing room; one end of the tool joint is provided with a connecting part; one end of the tool joint opposite to the connecting part is provided with a combining part; the combining part is positioned in the containing room; the combining part is provided with a limitingpiece opposite to the limiting part; the limiting piece is connected with the handle and the combining part; the positioning device is arranged between the connecting part and combining part of the tool joint and can move between a first position and a second position; when the positioning device is positioned in the first position, the tool joint can slide and swing in a pivoted way opposite to the handle; and when the positioning device is positioned in the second position, the tool joint is positioned on the handle by the positioning device.


This paper examines the socio-historical context in which Dutch arose as a result of contact between Frankish and Ingvæonic speakers in the seventh and eighth centuries. I first consider some persistent pitfalls in socio-historical linguistics with regard to better-known instances of language contact in medieval Europe. I review the reflexes of umlaut in Dutch and propose a solution for this long-standing problem in terms of language contact. Finally, the linguistic analysis is placed in a social and historical context, with special attention to the role of slavery in creating the context for the linguistic developments that took place.*


In their discussion of our paper Singh and Rankin appear not to have grasped the primary purpose of the paper, this being to report that measurements of the ratio Eh/Hh of a VLF signal were constant during the day and night and so can be interpreted in terms of the conductivity of the earth, whereas at dawn and dusk such an interpretation is clearly not possible.


Development of a steering mechanism in a human powered vehicle (HPV – Fig. 1.) [1, 2] with two steering wheels tackles two major issues: the lack of space to accommodate steering rods between front wheels, and conditions that occur while the vehicle is driving along a curve. The second are analytically described by the function of the wheel turn depending on an optional radius of the curve. The constructional solution [3] is based upon two rope-wheels with variable radii and Bowden cables. Unlike the Ackerman's mechanism, presented solution enables the optimal travel of both wheels through a curve. To prove the practical aspects of the mechanism several working prototypes were produced using various rapid prototyping and tooling techniques from three-dimensional printing to investment casting of aluminum working parts.


ICGG 2018 Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Geometry and Graphics3D Geoinformation ScienceStudent Usability in Educational Software and Games: Improving ExperiencesModern Approaches to the Visualization of LandscapesArtificial Intelligence for Human Computer Interaction: A Modern ApproachResearch in Interactive Design (Vol. 4)Rail Human Factors around the WorldAdaptive Semantics VisualizationIntroduction to 3D Spatial VisualizationContemporary Research in Technology EducationAdvances in Computer Vision3D Printing & DesignHaptic and Audio Interaction DesignDatabase and Expert Systems ApplicationsComputational Design Methods and Technologies: Applications in CAD, CAM and CAE EducationAdvances in Design EngineeringSignal and Information Processing, Networking and ComputersSustainability in Urban Planning and DesignData Warehousing Design and Advanced Engineering Applications: Methods for Complex ConstructionIntroduction to 3D spatial visualizationHuman-Computer Interaction: Design and Development ApproachesTechnologies for Interactive Digital Storytelling and EntertainmentTopological Methods in Data Analysis and Visualization IIAdvances on Mechanics, Design Engineering and Manufacturing IIUniversal Access in Human-Computer Interaction. Applications and ServicesEngineering Design Graphics JournalAt the Intersection of Indigenous and Traditional Knowledge and Technology DesignNew Media Communication Skills for Engineers and IT Professionals: Trans-National and Trans-Cultural DemandsDesign Computing and Cognition '10High-Resolution NeuroimagingFocus on Scientific VisualizationWhich Degree GuideMultidisciplinary Approaches to Understanding Early Development of Spatial Skills: Advances in Linguistic, Behavioral, and Neuroimaging studiesProgress and New Trends in 3D Geoinformation SciencesInnovations in E-learning, Instruction Technology, Assessment and Engineering EducationAdditive Manufacturing -3D Printing & DesignEvolving Approaches to Understanding Natural HazardsMedical Imaging TechnologyTowards Excellence in Engineering EducationDesign, User Experience, and Usability. Theory, Methods, Tools and Practice


This article is about the theme of labor law, reflecting on the main changes in employment contracts in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic, discussing how the relationship between the worker and the employer's responsibility in the home office modality exists at the time of COVID-19 pandemic and what are the problems to mental health. In this sense, the research develops the general goal of analyzing the responsibilities of the employer and worker in the current situation of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil in relation to the home office work modality, as well as the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the worker´s mental health. The research methodology starts with a literature review of bibliographic and legal nature and it is developed through a research of exploratory and descriptive nature under the perspective of qualitative research and content analysis. As a result the analyzes carried out show, based on the direction of Article 6 of the new wording of the CLT, highlighting that the current Provisional Measures no 1.045/2021 and no 1.046/21, present points that require a more in-depth discussion for understanding and clarification on the relationship of the employment contract for the Home office modality. As for the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of workers, the research also shows that physical distancing and isolation measures can be effective in combating the COVID-19 pandemic, but it can also configure the number of workers who may have illnesses or mental disorders caused by the effects of the pandemic.


ABSTRACT This article offers a conceptual overview of the key principles of the culture-centered approach (CCA) as a meta-theoretical framework for addressing health inequalities by building communicative infrastructures for listening to the voices of subaltern communities that are hitherto erased from dominant discursive spaces. Complementing a growing body of scholarship that draws on the CCA to address the structural contexts of health in the subaltern margins across the globe, this article lays out the methodological framework of the CCA. It highlights the key conceptual anchors that serve as foundations of the approach, suggesting that participation, partnerships, communication, dialogue, and reflexivity offer methodological tools that interrogate the reproduction of erasures within dominant structures, and create entry points for subaltern voices to arrive into hegemony. The essay wraps up by offering specific strategies and tools for designing culture-centered projects that may be adopted by activists, community advocates and organizers, and academics working in academic-community partnerships in the backdrop of health disparities.


Status of this Memo By submitting this Internet-Draft, each author represents that any applicable patent or other IPR claims of which he or she is aware have been or will be disclosed, and any of which he or she becomes aware will be disclosed, in accordance with Section 6 of BCP 79. This document may not be modified, and derivative works of it may not be created, except to publish it as an RFC and to translate it into languages other than English. Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups. Note that other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-Drafts. Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." Abstract In this note a number of PCE architectural and computational options are evaluated against a medium sized wavelength switched optical network. The key performance measures of overall and backward blocking are reported under different dynamic traffic scenarios. The corresponding reduction in connection blocking probabilities and computational advantages enabled by these architectural alternatives strongly warrant their inclusion in continuing PCE WSON work.


Indonesia is a tropical country having high potential of solar energy. In contrary, solar irradiation is varied due to obstruction of the sun by clouds, the difference of intensity of the sun all day, the occurrence of clouds during the rainy season, and the presence of fog in certain areas making it irradiation rate of solar light thus causing the solar cell output power to be varied and not optimum. Therefore, control device is needed to stabilize output power from solar cell, called solar charge controller. This study aims were to measure its efficiency values and compare two type of SCC, i.e. PWM and MPPT. Solar cell voltage and current were obtained by measuring those parameters manually from solar panel on the field and analysed by MATLAB. The data showed that power value, voltage, and influx produced by MPPT were 6.23 W, 12.39 V, 4.9 A and PWM were 6.04 W, 12.16 V, 4.8 A. Average efficiency value of PWM was 172% and MPPT was 177%. Data analysis revealed that MPPT have superiority accorded to its power value, voltage, and influx compared to PWM. By this, MPPT was preference application onto solar harvesting system.


Adsorption behaviors of four typical noble metals(Au,Pd,Pt,and Rh) on the CeO2(111) surface were systematically investigated by using density functional theory method.The results indicated that Au prefers to be adsorbed on the atop site,while Pd and Pt on the O-bridge site.Rh adsorbed on the 3-fold hollow site is the most stable configurations.When the noble metals are adsorbed on the atop site,the adsorption strength is in the order of Pt Rh Pd Au.New electronic peaks are present between the Ce 4f and O 2p peaks when Pd,Pt,and Rh atoms are adsorbed on the CeO2(111) surface,while no peak is found for the adsorption of Au;the d electronic peak of Au overlaps with the O 2p peaks at-4 to-1 eV.According to the density of states(DOS) analysis,when Au is adsorbed on the atop site,Pd and Pt on the bridge site,and Rh on the 3-fold hollow site,their interactions with surface oxygen atoms on the CeO2(111) surface are stronger than other configurations,which is in good agreement with the results of Bader charge population.


Objective To explore the difference of mitochondria in podocytes between minimal change disease(MCD) and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis(FSGS) by stereologic analysis.Methods We selected 5 cases of primary MCD and 5 cases of primary FSGS whose diagnosis were definite and had no any other complicated nephropathy.For each case,we took 40 photos under the magnification of 30 000 according to the rule of equidistant zigzag movement.Merz curve and Gunderson testing system were set to select mitochondria and podocytes and the associated parameters were obtained including profile area(A),circumference(C),volume fraction(VV),and numerical density per area(NA) of mitochondria.Results The standard deviation value and P value of the parameters were as following in MCD vs FSGS:A(0.47 vs 1.73,P =0.970),C(4.89 vs 24.71,P =0.590),VV(0.49 vs 1.74,P =0.946),and NA(0.26 vs 0.58,P =0.602) Conclusion The parameters of A,C,VV,and NA did not demonstrate statistically significance(all P 0.05),but all of them showed larger value of standard deviation in FSGS cases by comparison with that of MCD.


It is well known that a complex nonlinear system can be represented as a Takagi-Sugeno(T-S) Fuzzy model that consists of a set of linear sub-models. This letter is concerned with the global asymptotical stability analysis problem for stochastic fuzzy Hopfield neural networks with successive time delay components. By using the stochastic analysis approach, stability criterion is derived in terms of linear matrix inequalities( LMIs), which can be effectively solved by standard software.


This is a new book of quantum Hierarchic theory of condensed matter, general for liquids and solids, developed by this author during 20 years and its numerous applications. Computer program, based on new theory, was used for simulations of big number of physical properties of water and ice. Condensed matter is considered as a superposition of 3D standing waves (collective excitations) of different nature: thermal de Broglie waves, IR photons and thermal phonons. New theories of total internal energy, heat capacity, surface tension, vapor pressure, thermal conductivity, viscosity and self-diffusion are described. Hierarchic theory of osmotic pressure, based on new state equation, new theories of light refraction, Brillouin light scattering and Mossbauer effect are presented also and compared with available experimental data for water and ice. The agreement between theoretical and available experimental results for water and ice is very good. New approach to the turbulence, superfluidity and superconductivity is developed. A lot of applications of new theory to biophysics, including model of Quantum of Mind are described. New optoacoustic device: Comprehensive Analyzer of Matter Properties (CAMP) is proposed.


In the frame of ESA's earth-observation program "Copernicus", the Fraunhofer IOF develops for the Sentinel-4/UVN spectrometer, the optical gratings for the near-infrared spectral channel together with its isostatic mounts.


We consider the problem of compressive imaging of a three-dimensional (3D) scene using multiple observations collected from parallel baselines, formed by monostatic sensors moving in space. In particular, we present a novel iterative imaging method based on the Omega-K algorithm with edge-preserving 3D total variation (TV) regularization. The method combines joint processing of multi-baseline data with TV minimization in a computationally efficient way, thus enabling high-resolution imaging of the reflectivity map of the scene. We demonstrate the potential of our method through numerical evaluations on simulated data with noise.


Wall shear stress (WSS) plays a key role in altering intracellular pathways and gene expression of endothelial cells, and has significant impacts on atherosclerotic plaque development (1–3). Further, the atherogenic regulators Leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) have significant impacts on the pathophysiology of many inflammatory diseases. This study investigates the effects of oscillatory shear directionality on pro-atherogenic gene expression (I-CAM, E-Selectin, and IL-6) in the presence of LTB4 and LPS. An orbital shaker was used to expose the endothelial cells to oscillatory shear in culture dishes, and Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was applied to quantify the shear stress on the bottom of the orbiting dish. Directionality of oscillatory shear was characterized by a newly developed hemodynamic parameter — Directional oscillatory shear index (DOSI), which was demonstrated in a previous study to significantly impact cell morphology (4). Results showed that DOSI significantly altered gene expression. Therefore, directionality of shear modulates atherosclerotic gene expression in vitro and thus, may influence the formation of atherosclerotic plaque in vivo.Copyright © 2011 by ASME


The paper deals with analysis of mobile devices as possible students' and lecturers' tools in education process. Supporting wireless communication technologies and possibilities of integrating these technologies in studies are also investigated. A technological solution schema is presented. Problems of different its elements selection are analyzed. The advantages and shortcomings of such integration are examined. Successful integration cases are presented. Preconditions of mobile technologies integration in Lithuania education infrastructure are investigated.


The present invention, in order to determine the antipsychotic treatment strategy of patients with psychotic disorders, the use of the relevance of 103G> A polymorphic site in the CNTF gene.


Within a pervasive medical environment multiple sources of static and dynamic datasets exist. A high degree of importance is associated with this data, as medical practitioners prescribe relevant patient care based on the information provided. Pervasive environments contain multiple points of access that allow medical practitioners to read and modify patient datasets using PCs, PDAs and other mobile devices. Enabling medical practitioners to modify a patient dataset introduces a new data consistency problem. Presented is the Data Management System-Data Consistency Model (DMS-DCM). It is designed to intelligently interact with servers, mobile computing devices and patient sensor nodes within a wireless sensor network (WSN). Effective data consistency is a fundamental requirement within health informatics, since it provides the foundation to ensure that medical practitioners receive up-to-date data on time every time. In a distributed dynamic environment multiple views of the same dataset may exist. The DMS-DCM employs a JADE agent platform to ensure that all relevant medical practitioners share a consistent view of patient datasets in real-time. The DMS-DCM experimental prototype is presented.


Objective:To probe the effect of the combination of intravascular He-Ne laster irradiation with electroacupuncture to vascular dementia.Methods:93 patients suffering from vascular dementia were randomly divided into three groups,the combination of intravascular He-Ne laser irradiation with electroacupuncture group ,electroacupuncture group and the medicine group.Changes in scoring value of HDS-R,FAQ,ADL,injure of nerve function and main symptoms were observed before and after treatment. The course was 42 days. Results:Effective rate was 70.97% in combination treatment group, 61.29% in electroacupuncture group and 21.21% in medicine group. Conclusion :The combination therapy can promote the VD patients in intelligence,functional activity, ability of daily life and quality of life.


The current abundance of governmental international organisations, combined with a wide spectrum of tasks put before them frequently leads to a situation in which statutory tasks of those organisations clash or overlap. This doubling of tasks of individual organisations has resulted in development of a new area of organisational activity termed inter-organisationalism, based on collaboration of international organisations of similar interests and goals. One of the prominent spheres in which such collaboration flourishes is human rights protection, where collaboration between the United Nations and the European Union is particularly noteworthy as being an attempt to combine and use efficiently the potential of a huge but not free from financial difficulties global organisation with the opportunities available to a regional organisation which, although lacking global institutional structures, enjoys access to substantially much larger financial resources. The purpose of this article is to present a concise analysis of the existing and potential legal forms of collaboration of these two organisations (the UN and the EU) in the area of human rights protection, and to identify the effects of such collaboration as well as potential areas of conflict between their legal systems.


The silane KH-550 and carboxyled polypropylene (EPP) were used as compatibilizers in this study. The effect of them on crystalline morphology of polypropylene/molecular sieves type 5A (PP/5A) composites was investigated. IR illustrated that 5A interacts with EPP by forming molecule interaction or hydrogen bonds, but interacts with silane by covalent bonds. Polarized optical microscopy (POM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed that a suitable amount of silane can promote β-crystal formation in PP, and the average size of spherulites in the PP/5A/silane is smaller than that of PP. EPP interacts with 5A by molecule interaction and cocrystallizes with PP, leading to the crystal morphology of PP/5A/EPP resembles to that of pure PP. Significant difference was detected in the effect of the two compatibilizers, which attributed to the different compatibility mechanisms. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007


We expose first a biological model of memory based on one hand of the mechanical oscillations of axons during action potential and on the other hand on the changes in the extra cellular matrix composition when a mechanical strain is applied on it. Due to these changes, the stiffness of the extra cellular matrix along the most excited neurons will increase close to these neurons due to the growth of astrocytes around them and to the elastoplastic behavior of collagen. This will create preferential paths linked to a memory effect. In a second part, we expose a physical model based on random walk of the action potential on the array composed of dendrites and axons. This last model shows that repetition of the same event leads to long time memory of this event and that paradoxical sleep leads to the linking of different events put into memory.


A four-year(2008–2011) long term experiment was carried out to study the effects of different chemical fertilizer management on rice yield,paddy economic benefits,total nitrogen(N) accumulation,soil carbon(C) and nitrogen under the utilization of milk vetch(22 500 kg/hm2).The results were as follows: ①Compared with farmers' fertilizer practice(FFP),fertilizers application delayed appropriately could increase rice yields.Among all treatments,treatments of 20% or 40% chemical fertilizer cut down could only increase 2.37% and 3.34% grain yield respectively than that of combined treatment of basal fertilizer + tillering fertilizer + panicle fertilizer(the ratio was 3∶4∶3)(Treat1),which was followed by the treatment of basal fertilizer + tillering fertilizer + panicle fertilizer(the ratio was 0∶7∶3)(Treat2).②The appropriate postponed fertilizers application could increase rice output value.Treat1 could increase 3.0% average annual output value,followed by Treat2.③The fertilizers application time postponed could improve total nitrogen accumulation in rice(TNA),N grain production efficiency(NGPE),N partial factor productivity(NPF) and N harvest index(NHI).Treat1was the best one in improving TNA,NGPE,NPF and NHI among all treatments.④The retarded fertilizers application could also increase the content of soil organic carbon(SOC) and soil total nitrogen(TN).Treat1 had the best effect in improving SOC and TN.Through the above comparison,the appropriate retarded use of combined fertilizers,which was composed of 30% basal fertilizer + 40% tillering fertilizer and 30% panicle fertilizer was a better approach for increasing rice yield and for enhancing soil fertility under the condition of utilizing milk vetch.


The objective of this paper is to study the profitability and solvency implications of the proposed Basel III capital and liquidity requirements in the global banking context. The intent is to improve our understanding on how the Basel III capital and liquidity requirements impact upon the functioning of global systematically important banks (GSIBs), and how this knowledge could prove to be useful in answering questions of policy relevance like financial stability in economics. A longer-term perspective is taken in order to link capital and liquidity requirements with the notion of "systemic risk" within the evolution of the international financial and monetary system. Of special interest is the interaction between macroeconomic policy - including monetary, exchange rate and combined micro-macro-prudential policy within the setting of present-day Basel III regulatory and supervisory reforms. More specifically, the paper addresses two related issues: first, it studies and presents several financial indicators that GSIBs disclose; second, it examines how these same indicators could be related to GSIBs' profitability and solvency.


inextricably linked in areas of public policy, but the political reasoning introduced in chapter 13 is inherent in management decisions under scrutiny here. The final chapter, I think, is helpful to the reader not only in summing up the issues but also in outlining myths that beset juvenile justice systems and challenges for the future in dispelling them. Overall, the authors have achieved their aims. The book is well presented, and the publishers themselves are to be congratulated for allowing timelines that cut across pages, charts, and photographs, and the authors' case studies and glossaries of key terms are to be welcomed too. I approached this book with some knowledge of U.S. systems of juvenile justice but not with precise knowledge. That this book passes the test of a transatlantic journey I think is to the authors' credit. Certainly, the book fills in a number of gaps in my knowledge, although I found myself asking more questions along the way. A second edition of the book might need to address some of the points raised, but as an introduction to juvenile justice, the book works very well. It merits attention from not only students in criminology but those in related disciplines as well.


Contrary to the overall tendency to increase student participation in the financing of higher education, Estonia abolished student tuition fees in 2013. We study the effects of this reform on the students' access to and progress in higher education, concentrating mostly on the changes in probabilities of rural and remote students being admitted (extensive margin) and graduating within a nominal time (intensive margin). We distinguish between four different outcomes: admission in general, admission to vocational education, admission to high-rank curricula, and graduation within nominal time. We confirm the tendency that a high socioeconomic status increases the probability of being admitted to high-rank curricula and reduces the probability of choosing an applied curriculum, and the 2013 reform did not change that. While the reform weakly improved rural students' tendency to graduate on time, it diminished the probability that they were admitted to high-rank curricula. So, paradoxically and contrary to the intention of the reform, higher state involvement in higher education financing has not improved the equity in university admission in Estonia in terms of either socioeconomic background or regional disparities. We claim that part of the explanation of that paradox lies in the conditionality of this reform and the combination of a scarce needs-based and a competitive merit-based student support system in Estonia. We see our broader contribution in emphasising the important role of support systems in the future analysis of the potential to improve students' access.


Self-propelled suspended railways are one of the main means of auxiliary transport in underground coal mines. Their dynamic development and increase of their widespread use in Poland took place at the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries. Due to their advantages which include among others no need to maintain tracks on the floor and transport safety. The suspended railway is used instead of other means of transport. Individual subassemblies of the suspended monorails are still under development. Improvement of safety and increase of the work comfort of the operator and conveyed persons are among the objectives of manufacturers of these machines. A possibility of increasing the speed of suspended monorails, especially when conveying people, associated with a continuous extension of the access roads to coal mining faces, is also an important aspect. Increasing the speed will enable a more efficient used employees' working time. This article presents an example of using one of virtual prototyping methods to support the modernization process of existing solutions or to support designing of new machines. Use of this method for a modification of the operator's suspended cabin in a suspended monorail is described.


A military reconnaissance plane is flying about the sky on autopilot. The human pilot up front is sleeping with nothing to do, and the pilot in the rear observation station is bored. Suddenly, 10 exhausted geese land on the wings of the plane. Despite the pilot's effort to shoo them away, they won't leave.


Over a period of 2 years, 1000 nonstress tests (NST) and 919 oxytocin challenge tests (OCT) were performed on 362 high-risk obstetric patients. Each test was separately interpreted and classified. Only the last test, performed on each patient within 1 week prior to delivery, was compared with fetal outcome. Of the 300 NSTs studied, 11 were non-reactive with 55% fetal morbidity, 18 were equivocal with 44% fetal morbidity, and 271 were reactive with 28% fetal morbidity. Of the 278 OCTs studied, 17 were positive with 65% fetal morbidity, 42 were equivocal with 31% fetal morbidity, and 219 were negative with 27% fetal morbidity. Of the patients who had a nonreactive NST and a positive OCT, 83% had fetal morbidity. The results of the study indicate that the OCT identifies fetal morbidity slightly better than does the NST. However, if we consider the equivocal NST to be as ominous as the nonreactive test, the ability of the NST to identify fetal morbidity is increased. It is concluded that both tests can be used to identify patients at high risk for fetal morbidity. Because of the elements of time and personnel involved in the administration of the OCT, the authors suggest that the NST be used as the initial screening examination and the OCT be reserved for patients with a nonreactive or an equivocal NST.


In 1948 the New Zealand government launched Radio New Zealand, the shortwave division of the New Zealand Broadcasting Service. Initially, the intention was to use the service to build goodwill with audiences in the Pacific region and overseas. However, over the years the New Zealand government has shown anything but goodwill to the service. Frequent funding cuts and general lack of support rendered the service all but obsolete by the 1980s. It took a military coup on the island of Fiji in 1987 for the New Zealand government to realize it had no strong broadcasting voice in the region. The coup became the catalyst for the rebirth of New Zealand's shortwave service, now renamed Radio New Zealand International. This article examines the history of Radio New Zealand International, as well as the role it has played, and currently plays, in the Pacific region.


English noun-noun compounds are sometimes thought to be subject to the Compound Stress Rule, which states that the left-hand constituent is prosodically more prominent than the righthand constituent. However, it is well known that not all English noun-noun compounds conform to this pattern, and that rightward stress is far from exceptional. For example, apple juice, window washer, and teabag usually have stress on the lefthand constituent, as predicted by the rule, but apple pie, glass door, and car radio are normally spoken with stress on the righthand constituent.


White balance (WB) is the correction process to remove unrealistic color casts caused by an illuminant color. For high-quality image correction, it is important to accurately estimate the illuminant color. In this study, we propose an accurate illuminant color estimation method for WB based on pseudo-detection of specular reflection. In the proposed method, pixels which are brighter than their neighborhood and their neighboring darker pixels are found at first. Then, the averages of their pixel values are calculated respectively, and then the specular reflection is detected approximately as the difference of the average values. Finally, the illuminant color is estimated as the specular reflection itself. The accurate estimation capability of the proposed method is verified through a series of comparative experiments with typical WB methods.


The limited resources of UMKM Busana Ritual such as the number of skilled staff, materials, etc. are one of the problems in Busana Ritual. High demand but in the process takes quite a long time. Materials for robes are often returned due to quality mismatches, causing delays in the production process. This causes the quality of Busana Ritual to fluctuate in the face of the market. The purpose of this service is intended for Busana Ritual owners to find out the benefits of the marketing mix, which is very influential in the continuity of a business, such as the implementation of 7P, STP, HPP and SWOT Analyze. (Maisah et al., 2020) The application of marketing strategy is intended as a process to develop, and maintain a strategic fit between the objectives and capabilities of the institution, as well as changing marketing opportunities. This Community Service is intended to provide motivation and solutions for Busana Ritual. The method used is to explain the benefits of Marketing Research and how to determine 7P, STP, HPP and SWOT Analyze. The socialization session was in the form of an interview about the material presented. As well as evaluating Busana Ritual such as products, resources, etc. The results of the service carried out in the Busana Ritual are to see the obstacles in the Busana Ritual, so that solutions are found, as well as to improve the quality of the Busana Ritual


Hydroureteronephrosis caused by endometriosis is rare and timely diagosis is important to prevent loss of renal function. A 49-year-old woman was referred to our hospital for left flank pain. Enhanced computed tomography demonstrated severe hydroureteronephrosis on left kidney and 1.5 cm-sized mass around left ureter on the level of crossing iliac vessel. The mass compressed distal ureter externally. And there were no other mass lesion or enlarged lymph nodes. For obtaining the character of the mass, an image of F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) was taken. It showed also severe hydroureteronephrosis caused by nodular mass in left distal ureter but there was no hypermetabolic lesion. Retrograde pyelography showed narrowing of distal ureter with difficulty of upstream of dye. In this case, excision of mass and adhesiolysis, placement of ureteral stent for stricted site were performed by open surgery. The pathologic exam of resected tissue revealed that it was endometriosis. So gonadotropins were administered immediately. In conclusion, hydroureteronephrosis caused by endometriosis should be included in the differential diagnosis of obstructive uropathy in women. Awareness of clinical features and high index of suspicion can help in early detection and proper management and convincing that associated mass is not malignant, it is possible to avoid open surgery in certain cases


This profile, for the first time in Canada, compares data on co-operatives with those of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). This report specifically considers for-profit co-operatives that are SMEs. Leveraging the findings of the Survey on Financing and Growth of Small and Medium Enterprises, 2014 (SFGSME), the profile addresses various characteristics of co-operatives, such as types of financing sought, growth, exports and innovation activity. The benefit of the SFGSME is that it provides data on co-operatives whose characteristics are rarely studied in Canada.


PURPOSE: Provided is a multi-component composite film used for a polymer electrolyte system or an electrochemical element, which satisfies electrochemical stability, adhesion property to electrodes, electrolyte impregnating property, stability, ionic conductivity, and mechanical properties. CONSTITUTION: The multi-component composite film contains a polymer support layer film(11) and a porous gelable polymer layer(12) formed on one or both sides of the film(11), wherein the support layer film(11) and the gelable polymer layer(12) are unified without an interface(13). The support layer film(11) is made of at least one selected from the group consisting of high density polyethylene, low density polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene, polypropylene, high crystalline polypropylene, polyethylene-butylene copolymers, polyethylene-hexene copolymers, and etc. And the gelable polymer layer(12) is made of at least one selected from the group consisting of polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinylidene fluoride-chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymers, polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide, polyurethane, and etc.


In this work a sub-symbolic technique for automatic, data driven language models construction is presented. Such a technique can be used to arrange a language-modelling module, which can be easily integrated in existing speech recognition architectures, such as the well-found HTK architecture. The proposed technique takes advantages from both the traditional LSA approach and from a novel application of a probability space metric known as "Hellinger's distance". Experimental trials are also presented, in order to validate the proposed approach.


Migraine is a severe neurological recurring type of headache with high socioeconomical impact. The pathophysiologic mechanisms behind migraine involve a range of interactions within the CNS that seem to be induced by environmental and psychological stimuli. It has been observed that an abnormal excitation begins followed by a cascade of responses including transmission of pain signals by TNC neurones, release of vasoactive neuropeptides, meningeal vasodilation, neurogenic inflammation and the appearance of autonomic symptoms. Under the supervision of extensive research, at both molecular and pharmacological level, cell receptors emerge among the most significant participants in the etiologic basis of migraine. Serotonin, dopamine, CGRP, vanilloid, glutamate and opioid receptors are discussed thoroughly in this article. Some of them are already approved as treatment targets while others still remain under the spectrum of clinical studies despite the fact that they are considered a highly promising section of antimigraine strategies. Scientists are focusing now on revealing all the aspects behind these biomolecular components and move forward on discovering novel therapies for neurological conditions such as migraine


The photodynamic properties of eight hydrophobic monocationic methyl and ruthenium polypyridine complex derivatives of free-base and zinc(II) meso-triphenyl-monopyridylporphyrin series were evaluated and compared using HeLa cells as model. The cream-like polymeric nanocapsule formulations of marine atelocollagen/xanthan gum, prepared by the coacervation method, exhibited high phototoxicity but negligible cytotoxicity in the dark. Interestingly, the formulations of a given series presented similar photodynamic activities but the methylated free-base derivatives were significantly more phototoxic than the respective ruthenated photosensitizers, reflecting the higher photoinduced singlet oxygen quantum yields of those monocationic porphyrin dyes.


This paper highlighted on manufacturing culture in micro and small scale industries. To know the manufacturing culture responses collected from 20 manufacturing industries with 87 questionnaires through survey. All the questionnaires prepared with help of Agile manufacturing enablers. The sample industries are manufacturer of identical products with different shapes and size based on the customer requirement. From the survey it has noted that micro and small scale industries are not working with one single manufacturing methodology and no strategic process was adopted. Most of industries are facing problem of shortage of skilled labor and change of market requirement. The major reason for this problem is poor storage and reuse of the data and poor adoption/ non adoption of knowledge management technique in micro and small scaleindustries.


We have devised an experimental program, AST$, whch provides an easy to use multi-window environment adapted to research work. It runs on any PC and is b d t on the top of a commercial all-in-one software (Framework). It endows it with scientific capabilities by coupling it to emTEX, Maple, Fortran and other scientific software. It allows for the easy modification of the structure of large multi-author documents and the performance of numerical and formal computations from the document. It adds a hypertext file manager, a preprocessor of FTEX structure, hypertext help and hypertext archving of messages, among others. It can use the multitasking capabilities of Desqview or OS/2. Many of the functions of AST$ could be implemented also on the top of other existing software (commercial or public domain), provided they are endowed with an internal programming language whch is powerful enough. We hope this could be done with GNU emacs. Several commercial WYSIWYG scientific wordprocessors on PCs are now able to produce very nice output. Since the advantage of TEX is diminishing as concerns quality of output, some leading TjXperts have concluded that it is becoming too old, and have proposed creating a New Typesetting System from scratch, which would incorporate all aspects that are missing from TEX. On the other hand, more and more scientists have access to international networks, and they are now using TEX as a language in the linguistic sense of the term, i.e., as a means of communication. This implies that TEX must remain stable in time as much as possible, for it to be able to fulfill this communication function. We suggest that keeping TEX unchanged, as desired by many users, is not incompatible with building easy-to-use and powerful TEX-based software, as desired by TEXperts. This can be done by improving front ends and back ends to TEX and malung them cooperate together via a multitaskmg 0s. In t h s article we describe a program, AST$, that we have written and that illustrates this point of view. It might provide -we hope some guidelines for future developments in t h s direction. Existing interfaces to TEX In his article about the Future of TEX (Taylor, 1992), Philip Taylor described how painful it was to use TEX in the early eighties. Although he assured that TEX users enjoy this way of worlung.. .for those who do not, there are now several user-friendly public domain interfaces to TEX and related software, that make its use much easier! The first one is the AUCTEX Lisp package for GNU emacs. It is extremely powerful since it is based on the complete version of emacs; t h s requires 386-based PCs and big harddisks, and preferably OS/2 or Unix. Another interface that runs under OS/2 is TjXpert, by Johannes Martin. For DOS users, there is the very nice interface T~Xshell, by J. Schlegelmilch. Its latest version (2.5.2) is particularly useful for all users, since there is now on-line help on LATEX in English. It is also public domain, and very user-friendly. A new one, 4TEX (W. Dol, et al., 1993), appeared very recently. It uses the shareware programs 4 ~ 0 s and QEDIT. It seems very nice too. Our interface ASTEX uses the cornrnercia1 program Framework, and optionally Desqview or OS/2. Finally, there are also several commercial scientific word-processors that are able to edit mathematical equations in WYSIWYG mode and are able to export them in TEX form (see Lavaud, 1991 and 1992 for some references). T h s shows that, even on PCs, the Lion must not be afraid any more of the Mouse (Siebenmann, 1992). . . TUGboat, Volume 14 (1993), No. 3 -Proceedings of the 1993 Annual Meeting Multi-windowing environments for TEX Motivations for writing AST$ In the early hstory of computer science, programs were written on sheets of paper by researchers, typed on punched cards by specialized typists, and submitted to the computer by an operator. When teletype terminals became available, all scientists began to type and run their computer programs themselves because this allowed them to gain much time, despite the fact that they did the work of three people. Many researchers still write their scientific articles by hand, and have them typed by secretaries. This can take a very long time, especially for articles with many complicated formulae. It seems reasonable to expect that, if software adapted to research work becomes available, all scientists will also type their articles themselves, because this wdl allow them to gain much time, as with teletype terminals. In an earlier article (Lavaud, 1992), we argued that, for a software to be adapted to scientific work: It must allow the user to display and modify easily the structure of the document, to ensure that even very long multi-author documents will be coherent and logically organized; it must allow for the performance of everyday research tasks from the document (numerical and formal computations, management of the files created or received in the research process, etc.); it must be TEX-based. The first point implies that a document cannot be just a sequence of characters typed inside one or a few windows; it must be a tree whose leaves are windows that contain coherent blocks of information of various nature (paragraph of text, worksheet of numerical results, database, computer program, numerical result, e-mail, illustration, etc.). Overview of AST$'s possibilities We enumerate here the main possibilities of AST$. Some are developed in more detail below. Others are detailed in Lavaud, 1991 and 1992 and in references therein. Hypertext file manager: Immediate access to thousands of files through hierarchy of explicit titles. Easy modification of the structure of very big multi-author documents. Scientific computations: Numerical (e.g., Fortran): compilation / execution run directly from text of the document. Formal (e.g., Maple): results automatically included in text, worksheets, databases. Live links to data files. Interdependent worksheets. Scientific text processing: Mathematical and chemical formulas displayed with a single keystroke. Preprocessor of Q X structure. Cut and paste from hypertext help into the document. Automatic generation of environments. Creation of LATEX tables from worksheets or databases of formulas.


A nonvolatile electrochromic element (1) equipped with: a cation movement part (4) comprising a cyano-bridged metal complex represented by the chemical formula A x M[L(CN) 6 ] y ∙nH 2 O; and a movement barrier part (7) disposed in an inner part of or on a surface of the cation movement part (4), the movement barrier part (7) comprising a cyano-bridged metal complex containing an alkali metal A', which is at least one alkali metal having a larger atomic radius than the alkali metal A of the cyano-bridged metal complex constituting the cation movement part (4). Thus, nonvolatility is imparted to an electrochromic element made using a cyano-bridged metal complex.


It is well known that during the suckling period pancreatic secretion is low. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with pancreatic-like enzymes of microbial origin (PLEM) and SiO2, as an antibacterial factor, on the performance of piglets fed creep feed during weaning and thereafter. The experiment was performed on piglets from 30 litters. The piglets were divided into 5 groups (n = 63–66) and weaned at the age of 28 d old. The control group received standard creep feed (Days 7–28), and groups P1 and P2 and groups PA1 and PA2 received creep feed with SiO2supplemented with protease (P1 and P2) or with protease+amylase (PA1 and PA2) during Days 7–13 (P1 and PA1) or Days 14–20 (P2 and PA2) before weaning. Dietary supplementation with PLEM and SiO2led to a significant (P < 0.05) increase in ADG in the treated piglets compared to the control with the best results obtained in group P2. To summarize, creep feed supplemented with PLEM improves productivity parameters of piglets under standard rearing conditions.


Within the class of delay systems, a neutral system may be distinguished by the possible presence of a neutral root chain—an infinite chain of eigenvalues in a vertical strip of the complex plane. Assuming that such a neutral root chain, if it exists, is stable, this work shows how our method of transformation can be extended to obtain feedback controllers for this class of neutral systems.


A manufacturing company has a goal to increase on firm value, need a various of financial decisions that is funding decisions, investment decisions and dividend policy with three financial decisions are expected to maximize the value of the manufacturing company and investor welfare.
This study aimed to determine the effect of funding decisions, investment decisions and dividend policy on firm value. The population in this research is manufacturing companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange 2010 to 2014. The sample in this study using purposive sampling technique amounted to 15 companies.
Research hypothesis test uses multiple regression analysis, with the help of software tools SPSS 22. The results of this study show that the funding decision a significant negative effect on firm value, investment decisions are significant positive effect on firm value, and negative effect dividend policy is not significant on firm value.
Keywords: funding decisions, investment decisions, dividend policy and the firm value.


This article aims to present a practice of reading and writing in the discursive perspective, from versions of children's and young adult's literature and cinema, on reconstruction of stories. The theoretical basis supporting this reflection is Discourse Analysis (DA), anchored in the studies of Michel Pêcheux, in France, and Eni Puccinelli Orlandi, in Brazil. We started with the reading project Ler, contar e recontar (Reading, telling and retelling) in 2012, motivated by the concern about students presenting difficulties in writing and interpreting texts in all disciplines. The project's purpose is to perform DA on literary and cinematographic works in activities that lead to the establishment of similarities and differences among such materials. We provided visibility to the effects of meaning produced in the passage from the book to films and to drawings, considering the different processes of constitution, formulation and circulation of each significant materiality. By an approach involving reading the book, watching movies and examining drawings, added by discussions on effects of meaning of each and among them, it was possible to build the final product: a new version for the Peter Pan story, which was brought to the current days. Such story was presented on a festive night to the school community, showing the effects of authorship. It is worth remembering that it is not possible to invent a recipe. Our project is unique and even if someone wants to copy it, i.e., use the same methodology, the results will be different, as the subjects will be different, just like the production conditions, the time, the teacher, the activities etc. The unique production conditions of the conceived activities and the specific chosen class are responsible for the particular result of any proposal.


For testing the high voltage direct current(HVDC) circuit breakers of HVDC distribution system in laboratory,the working conditions and characteristics of HVDC distribution system are analyzed,and two test circuits for the HVDC circuit breakers are designed according to the grid parameters and working condition requirements,as well as PSCAD simulations.The design of one of the test circuits,named direct test circuit,is described in detail and calculated.


Purpose Corneal transplantation remains the last hope for vision restoration, and lymphangiogenesis (LG) is a primary mediator of transplant rejection. This study was to investigate the specific role of angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) in transplantation-associated LG and graft rejection. Methods Orthotopic corneal transplantation was performed between fully mismatched C57BL/6 (donor) and BALB/c (recipient) mice to assess the effects of Ang-2 blockade via neutralizing antibody. Grafts were evaluated in vivo by ophthalmic slit-lamp biomicroscopy and anterior segment optical coherence tomography (OCT) up to 8 weeks after surgery. Additionally, whole-mount corneas were analyzed for lymphatic and blood vessels and macrophages by immunofluorescent microscopy, and draining lymph nodes were assessed for donor-derived cells by flow cytometry. Results Anti-Ang-2 treatment significantly suppressed LG and graft rejection. In this study, we achieved 75% suppression of LG and 80% graft survival. Our approach also inhibited donor-derived cell trafficking to draining lymph nodes and affected macrophage morphologic phenotypes in the grafted corneas. Additionally, Ang-2 blockade also reduced central corneal thickening, a parameter strongly associated with graft rejection. Conclusions Ang-2 is critically involved in corneal transplant rejection and anti-Ang-2 treatment significantly improves the outcomes of corneal grafts. Moreover, we have shown that anterior segment OCT offers a new tool to monitor murine corneal grafts in vivo. This study not only reveals new mechanisms for transplant rejection, but also offers a novel strategy to treat it.


Dentists and patients are exposed to pathogenic microorganisms and the risk of infection in 2019-nCoV due to special conditions in the provision of dental services, including face-to-face communication with patients, frequent contact with saliva and blood, and use of surgical instruments. With the decision of continuing education in dental schools without adequate consideration of the various aspects and critical measures, it is likely that dental schools will be the important centers for continuation of COVID-19 epidemic. This commentary provides useful tips for preparing students for dental education.


Jefferson's Poplar Forest: Unearthing a Virginia Plantation. Edited by BARBARA J. HEATH and JACK GARY. University Press of Florida, Gainesville, 2012. xiii + 242 pp., 40 figs., 13 tables, references, index. $29.95 (hardcover), ISBN 978-0-8130-3988-6.Reviewed by Shawn Patch, New South Associates, Inc., 408-B Bland wood Avenue, Greensboro, NC 27401; email: email@example.com Jefferson's Poplar Forest: Unearthing a Virginia Plantation, Barbara Heath and Jack Gary have assembled a comprehensive volume on recent archaeological work at a prominent Piedmont plantation. This book includes 10 chapters by different authors on themes such as the formal landscape design, symbolism of Jefferson's ceramics, slave housing, slave diets, slave consumerism, slave participation in a market economy, and stone smoking pipes.In Chapter 1, Heath and Gary provide an overview of the volume. The history of Poplar Forest includes more than Jefferson's ownership and use as a private retreat from 1806 to 1823, but the interpretive focus of the nonprofit foundation that manages the property is on Jefferson's period. Heath and Gary also provide a brief history of archaeological investigations that began in the mid-1980s and continue to the present, as well as definitions and approaches to plantation archaeology.Barbara Heath (Chapter 2) provides a very detailed, well-researched, and comprehensive discussion of plantation archaeology in Virginia. Major themes include restoration efforts at sites such as Colonial Williamsburg in the early twentieth century, postWorld War II NPS investigations at Jamestown, the theoretical paradigm shift associated with New Archaeology in the 1960s and 1970s, and excavations at a number of important sites since the 1970s. Heath documents the shifts in theoretical and research focus that have emerged in the past few decades, from an early emphasis on buildings and landscapes of the elite to an intense focus on everyday life and African Americans, including slavery.Methodological advances have resulted in new ways of addressing specific research questions beyond largescale excavations. The chapter concludes with a call for future research, including an expanded geographic focus beyond the tidewater region, greater attention to the role of children in household economies, more research on tenant farmers and free laborers in the plantation system, greater attention to postbellum life, and a reanalysis of earlier work.In Chapter 3 Eric Proebsting looks at Poplar Forest through a historical ecology perspective that places it in a broader environmental and cultural context. He uses multiple lines of evidence, such as historical writings, maps, pollen analysis, household artifacts, and archaeology, to provide a more comprehensive interpretation of landscape history and environmental change. Proebsting traces the impacts of tobacco agriculture on the environment and how major ecological changes affected all aspects of the plantation system.Timothy Trussell (Chapter 4) discusses the ornamental landscape Jefferson created beyond the main house. Many of the original features designed by Jefferson are still extant, including octagonal privies, a sunken lawn, ornamental mounds, portions of the circular drive, a fence line, and a stand of poplar trees. Trussell traces Jefferson's designs to his experiences in Europe and his desire to recreate certain elements at home. The broader landscape was an extension of Jefferson's world that reflected his personal tastes.Jack Gary (Chapter 5) examines ceramics recovered from archaeological contexts for evidence of Jefferson's philosophy and personal identity. Gary argues convincingly that Jefferson chose certain styles because their imagery closely matched his tastes in landscapes, architecture, and other aesthetics. Market access and financial condition were also important elements that affected consumer behavior. Gary argues that Jefferson chose relatively inexpensive ceramics because the designs and styles suited his vision and accomplished his goals. …


The research based on the phenomena of so many local cigarette company in Bojonegoro which were able to compete the famous cigarette company. Like 369 Cigarette company Bojonegoro which owed wide-market share. It was proven by the buying ability of 369 cigarette product in society. The phenomena made interesting to find out how the activity of marketing communication of the 369 cigarette company leader in keeping his market share. While the research aimed to find description about leader's communication activity of the 369 cigarette company Bojonegoro in keeping his market-share.
The research type was descriptive with qualitative approach. Sampling technique was by purposive sampling technique, so there found 4 informers. Data analysis technique used interview and documentation. Data analysis used domain analysis. Data validation was done by source triangulation.
According to the research, there could be concluded that communication activity of 369 cigarette company Bojonegoro in keeping its market-share in creating effective marketing communication through promotion mix, they were commercial, direct selling, selling promotion, publicity, people relation.


A professor of anthropology used his remote-sensing expertise, developed exploring ancient cultures, to aid emergency response to the Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami. Dr. Terance L. Winemiller, GISP, associate professor of anthropology and geography at Auburn University, Montgomery (AUM), in Alabama, took his fi rst GIS course while in graduate school. His interest in geospatial technology led him to become a specialist in remote sensing. He found GIS was the perfect tool for interpreting ancient cultures by constructing maps of archaeological sites that had never been mapped before. Employing total stations and GPS collectors, he gathers data he uses to construct maps in ArcGIS in both two and three dimensions. His interest in mapping led him to develop a GIS program at AUM in 2004—the fi rst at the university. Today the program includes as many as eight courses for bachelor and master programs. A site license provides students with access to Esri software.


This project is concerned with separation of olein-stearin from crude palm oil (CPO) by centrifugation at different temperatures (ambient temperature, 0, -25 and -80 O C) and solvents (acetone, 2-propanol, 1-butanol and diethylether). Melting characteristics, triglycerides contents and fatty acid compositions in CPO and stearin fractions at the different conditions were analyzed. Since CPO samples at temperature below 0 O C were in solid state, separation by centrifugation could not be carried out. Also, it was difficult to maintain the solutions at the given temperatures throughout an experiment, therefore, effects of solvent polarity were performed only at ambient temperature. Among the experimental conditions, the highest percent yield of stearin (12.03%) was obtained from CPO dissolved in 2-propanol, while 10.18% was from CPO sample. Triglyceride is a major constituent (92.5-100%) in all the separated stearins. Studying on melting characteristics indicated that the stearin obtained form CPO at ambient temperature has the lowest melting point, while the others do not correspond with solvent polarity index. In addition, analysis of fatty acid using GLC with capillary column showed that CPO sample might comprise of some fatty acids which are not commonly found in biological materials and is under determined in this laboratory.


Separation sequence optimization is an energy-saving strategy for improving the process economy. This work introduces a rigorous simulation-based method to identify the best separation sequence for the separation of N-component mixture, aiming to reduce the total operating cost. Through data interaction between Aspen HYSYS and MATLAB, a separation sequence matrix and an operating cost matrix for the N-component mixture are established. Based on this, the optimal separation sequence with the lowest total operating cost is automatically identified. The separation of 5-component hydrocarbon mixture is studied to illustrate the feasibility of the proposed method. This work also evaluates separation sequences for variant feed compositions, and shows the effects of feed compositions on the best separation sequences. This method is also applicable for separation of the other mixture, giving a new solution for identification of the optimal separation sequence.


The technical issues pertinent to direct broadcast satellite(DBS) reception are elucidated, dividing them into system and component-oriented subjects. The former include the relationship of DBS and TVRO (television receive-only) systems, TVRO technology, scrambling technology, PCM audio systems, MAC systems and HDTV. The latter are classified according to the path of the signal, that is, an antenna, LNB, and a receiver. Future trends are projected both for systems and components. >


In their article, Katerina Machacova and coauthors (Machacova et al., 2021) reported methane (CH4) flux measurements between the atmosphere and tropical trees and/or their epiphytes. This research is timely and important, given the largely unknown role of trees in the CH4 and N2O cycles (Carmichael et al., 2014; Barba et al., 2019;Covey&Megonigal, 2019).Machacova and coauthors reported that tree stems and cryptogams constitute a novel sink of both CH4 and N2O based on these measurement data, a so-far unreported finding. In this Letter, we raise two major concerns about the study that – in our opinion – leaves this conclusion insufficiently supported by their data. First, we think it is likely that the method applied is unsuitable for this type of analysis and that the reported results may represent a measurement artefact rather than real trace gas fluxes. Second, we think that the authors provide insufficient information on themeasurementmethod for readers to judge the validity of the analytical method. Based on the publication by Machacova and coauthors, we suggest principles that should be followed to ensure that published data on trace gas fluxes at plant surfaces are both reliable and reproducible. Our main concerns stem from the use of a gas analyser in this study, which uses Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy for measuring trace gas concentrations. This FTIR method measures the broad infrared spectrum of an air sample and uses spectral deconvolution to quantify the concentrations of multiple gas species simultaneously. In our technical note (Kohl et al., 2019), we demonstrate that this approach is particularly sensitive to interference from volatile organic compounds (VOCs). This interference is especially true for compounds missing in the spectral library used for deconvolution. We observed both positive (overestimation of CH4 concentrations) and negative (underestimations of CH4 concentrations) interferences, depending on the VOCpresent. These spectral interferences were between 0.036 and 2.2 ppbv apparent CH4 per ppbv VOC present in the gas sample. Possible interferences of VOCs to the N2O analysis of this analyser were not tested in our study. These interferences pose a serious challenge for FTIR-based trace gas flux measurements at plant surfaces. VOCs including monoterpenes, isoprene, and methanol are emitted by plants at much higher rates than the trace gases (CH4 and N2O) typically measured fromplant enclosures, such as in the paper byMachacova and coauthors. Specifically, we found that the presence of the commonly plant-emitted VOCs can cause the device to overestimate or underestimateCH4present in the sample gas. These VOCs occur in forest air at the low ppb range. However, as these compounds are constantly emitted by plant surfaces (e.g. Aalto et al., 2014), they can accumulate to significant concentrations in static chambers used to estimate CH4 and N2O fluxes, therefore potentially significantly affecting the measurement signal with FTIR analysers. We found that major VOC interferences (>100 ppbv apparent CH4) can already occur at sub-ppm (>100 ppbv VOC) concentrations and that such interferences increase with increasing VOC concentration. This stresses the importance of accounting for the VOCs accumulating in closed static chambers, as such interferences would appear similar to actual CH4 fluxes. This effect was particularly strongwhen the interferingVOCswere not included in the spectral library used for the deconvolution. To our knowledge, the Gasmet DX4015/DX4040 instruments have not been successfully validated against robust methods (e.g. gas chromatography, GC) for chamber flux measurements from plant surfaces. What particularly raised our concern regarding the results of the paper by Machacova and coauthors is that they report tree stem CH4 uptake rates being similar in magnitude to that measured by our group in a mature spruce forest in Sweden, using the same instrumentation (Kohl et al., 2019). In Kohl et al. (2019), we quantified the CH4 fluxes from mature spruce stems by both Gasmet DX4040 and LGR UGGA analysers. In contrast with the Gasmet device, the LGR UGGA uses a narrow spectrum infrared laser to measure trace gases based on their absorbance at very specific wavelengths (Baer et al., 2002;Maddaloni et al., 2006).We detected a strong apparent uptake of CH4 when measured by the D4040 that could not be reproduced by the LGR UGGA (see Fig. 1). Subsequent laboratory experiments (Kohl et al., 2019) revealed that these differences resulted from spectral interferences by VOCs on the Gasmet DX4040. Unfortunately, Machacova and coauthors provide little information that would allow the reader to independently assess the validity of their measurement. Most essentially, the authors do not report whichVOCspecieswere included in the spectral library used for this study and do not provide any quality criteria applied to the spectral deconvolution (e.g. residual fits). Furthermore, the authors provide no information to determine if all major VOCs typically emitted from tree stems (Courtois et al., 2012; Rissanen et al., 2018; Vanhatalo et al., 2020) were included in the library, or if flux measurements by the DX4015 were validated in any other form. Taken together, these omissions leave the reader unable to fully judge the validity of the reported results or to independently


The Oroks (Ul'ta) are one of the numerically smallest peoples of Russia's Far East. Their lifestyle and occupations have been relatively little studied not only abroad, but in the Russian Federation. The authors discuss dog breeding among this people and analyze specific features of its development. Analogies are made to the economics of other indigenous peoples of the Far East. The article is based on publications in the Russian language, archival material, and oral history sources. Its aim is to examine specifics of dog breeding among the Oroks and its connections with other peoples.


The concept on the accuracy of measuring the mixing uniformity of feeds is stated. From witch, furthermore, an estimating formula for it is deduced.


With wide applications of the radio frequency identification (RFID) technology in areas such as the supply chain, warehouse management, and so on, the privacy and security of RFID gradually become one of the hot topics. RFID privacy and security authentication protocols have been proposed to suit different scenarios. In 2014, the Alert Response Address (ARA) protocol based on the application scenario of a privileged membership club was presented, the formal definition of its privacy and security models was described, and the tag and reader's privacy were preserved. In this study, we analyze the efficiency of the ARA scheme and find that it is not very good because the scheme overuses bilinear maps. Under the premise of without losing the ARA scheme's privacy and security, we improve its two subprotocols, IARA1 and IARA2, with higher performance in the ARA protocol. The results show that the improved protocol is more efficient than the ARA protocol through the performance comparison of the protocols.


The Web was projected to support resource sharing at global level. Nowadays, this resource sharing is very limited, mainly respect to imperfect information retrieval and hidden Web. The semantic Web comes up as a possible solution to such limitations. The virtual communities of practice are groups of people who get in with each other virtually and share their knowledge. The use of semantic Web technologies can be very useful in construction of tools to support these communities. This text presents a tool constructed to help knowledge management in virtual communities of practice. It was developed based on the semantic Web principles.


The application of a sequence of pressure impacts (pre-tumbling) to the meat muscle has a notable and novel effect on the meat during the manufacturing process of cooked meat products. To quantify this effect, moreover to qualify it for the production line, a series of tests was conducted in laboratory, in pilot plant and on industrial scale. For the laboratory tests, samples were taken from the Biceps femoris muscle at different stages of the process and histological slices were prepared to study the effect of pre-tumbling at cellular level. Subsequently, further tests have been carried out in a pilot plant to define the appropriate system for pressure application to the meat. Finally, a series of tests has been conducted in various industrial plants to study the effect of pressure applied sequentially to a number of commercial products. The following parameters have been investigated : tumbling time, yield, muscle binding and sliceability, since these are the factors that influence product quality and cost. The results described in this article demonstrate that pre-tumbling has a very positive and significant effect on all the parameters mentioned above and it can be applied to the most manufacturing processes for whole muscle meat products. Since the different types of meat as well as the different products vary in the characteristics of muscle fiber, the intensity of pressure has to be adjusted to achieve the desired effect.


Objective:To investigate the relationship between cerebral neuropeptide-Y(NPY) expression and cerebral injury in the severely burned rats with delayed fluid resuscitation at different altitudes.Methods: 240 male Wistar rats were used to establish the model of burn(TBSA 30%,grade 3) at high altitude and Lanzhou area,and were randomly divided into delayed fluid resuscitation group(DFR),immediately fluid resuscitation group(IFR) and the normal control group(NC).The expressions of NPY in cerebral tissues were observed by immunohistochemistry(SABC method).Results: The expression of NPY was found mainly in the cytoplasm of neuron.The significant difference was observed between HDFR and HIFR after 1h to 72h of burn.The NPY level at high altitude decreased significantly compared to that of Lanzhou area.Conclusion: The reduction of NPY level may aggravate the cerebral injury of burned rats at high altitudes.


: Since ancient times, it has been necessary to differentiate one people from another, using for this purpose elements of individualization such as the external appearance of the face, corpulence, the existence of congenital or accidental malformations, of certain habits. The distinctions between the external aspects of the persons were used with the passage of time and by the state legal bodies, in order to identify the criminals. Among the fundamental concerns of the judicial bodies were those regarding the identification of persons based on the external characteristics specific to each individual, and on the other hand, the creation of a system of records and registration of persons who contravene the legal norms. Based on the generalized practice of the judicial bodies, it was concluded that the main elements that can underpin the identification of missing persons, after signals, are given by the differences between the anatomical and functional properties of each individual.


San Francisco-Interest in microphacoemulsification has grown since the introduction of ultrapulse ultrasound technology of Sovereign WhiteStar (AMO). Benefits include cool phaco as well as minimal turbulence and improved followability, according to Randall J. Olson, MD, who spoke at the American Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery annual meeting.


The masonries with a square of 2m×3m of 3 different aerated concrete blocks were built respectively, and plastered with plastering mortar. The shrinkage-cracking property and other performances of different aerated concrete masonries were studied in natural condition. The results showed that, there were less cracks and smaller crack width in the masonry of aerated concrete with low water absorption, the condition of aerated concrete cracking can be improved by plastering with plastering mortar; the shrinkage of aerated concrete block masonry with low water absorption is smaller, the shrinkage of aerated concrete masonry plastered by special plastering mortar is smaller.


Atrial fibrillation (AF), estimated to be present in over 30 million people worldwide as of 2010, is expected to increase by 2030 and one in four adults in Europe and the USA will likely develop AF over their lifetime.1 Although anticoagulation has been demonstrated to reduce stroke in patients with AF, stroke may be the first manifestation of AF in up to 25% of patients with AF.2 Screening for AF in vulnerable patients has been recommended.1

Arguably, the modern era of wearable technology was ushered in by the availability of Bluetooth technology in 2002 and has included products made by Garmin, Nike, Fitbit, Google and others over the ensuing decade.3 Industry projections estimate that, by 2020, more than 305 million units will be sold with an annual growth rate of over 55%.

One company at the intersection of electrocardiography and portable technology has been AliveCor (Mountain View, California, USA), the makers of the product used in this study. In 2012, AliveCor received Food and Drug Administration (FDA) 510(k) clearance and CE Mark conformity for using its KardiaMobile product by licensed medical professionals.4 In 2013, doctors were able to prescribe these monitors to patients, and in early 2014, the devices became available for over-the-counter purchase. By late 2014, the FDA granted clearance for the device's algorithm to detect AF, thereby offering users real-time identification of this arrhythmia. In 2015, the automated algorithms were updated to include 'normal' and 'interference', in addition to AF. In 2017, the KardiaBand was introduced as an accessory to the Apple Watch to allow users to record ECGs from a wristband and an application on the watch. In 2019, however, AliveCor stopped selling KardiaBand. In April 2019, the FDA cleared the KardiaMobile …


There have been a number of ideas on how task-based language teaching (TBLT) is applied in English instruction. This research attempted to investigate how the task-based language teaching (TBLT) should appropriately be implemented in vocational college. A group of twenty eight students majoring in tourism were involved as research participant. Prior to treatment, they were given pre-test (Tl) to see their basic level. The test, assessment rubric, learning materials, and learning syntax were developed and validated by an expert judge prior to their use. The treatment using task-based learning materials and learning syntax stages of "leading in – enriching – activating – naturalizing" (LEAN) was undertaken for three times. The post test (T2) was then given two days upon treatment to avoid their being able to answer the test because they just still remember of the materials during the learning. The analysis result of T1 and T2 using paired sample t-test showed that there was significant difference between means of T1 (M=6.14) and T2 (M=15.46), indicated by t (27) = -54.51, p < .05. Further development is recommended to use other English for specific purposes' materials and different research participant.