Background aims. Transplantation is the gold standard procedure for treating acute and chronic end-stage liver diseases. Given the shortage of organs, the development of cellular sources other than human liver is urgent. The main objective of this project was to examine the effect of mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) (bone marrow, umbilical cord and liver MSCs) intravenous injection on liver regeneration in a model of hepatic damage in NOD/SCID/IL non-obese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient/Interleukin-2Rg(null) (NSG) mice. Methods. Mice received 3 intraperitoneal injections of CCl4 Carbon tetrachloride per week for 4 weeks. Forty-eight hours after the last injection of CCl4, mice received 500,000 MSCs or phosphate-buffered saline by intravenous injection. We examined hepatic damage by means of quantitative image analysis and blood enzyme analysis 24 h, 1 week or 8 weeks after MSC or phosphate-buffered saline injection. We also examined MSC homing by means of real-time polymerase chain reaction of human albumin. Results. We adapted a model of liver injury in immunodeficient mice. In this model, accumulation of collagen in newly formed scar septa was apparent up to 8 weeks after CCl4 treatment. Human albumin DNA was found in all organs tested. However, intravenous MSC injection, even after CXCR4 C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 transduction and whatever the origin of MSCs, failed to improve liver damage. Conclusions. In this liver injury model, MSCs were propagated in various tissues, particularly filtering organs. For the treatment of hepatic damage, intravenous administration of moderate doses of MSCs does not appear to be effective. Yet, this adapted liver injury model is appropriate for investigating engraftment of human cells.


The X-ray structure of a new dinuclear phenolato-bridged Mn2II complex abbreviated as [(L)MnMn(L)]2+ (1), where LH is the [N4O] phenol containing ligand N,N-bis(2-pyridylmethyl)-N′-salicylidene-ethane-1,2-diamine ligand, is reported. A J value of –3.3 cm–1 (H = –JŜ1·Ŝ2) was determined from the magnetic measurements and the 9.4 GHz EPR spectra of both powder and frozen acetonitrile solution samples were analyzed with temperature. The cyclic voltammetry of 1 displays a reversible anodic wave at E1/2 = 0.46 V vs. SCE associated with the two-electron oxidation of 1 yielding the dinuclear Mn2III complex [(L)MnMn(L)]4+ (2). The easy air oxidation of 1 gives the mono-μ-oxido Mn2III complex [(L)Mn(μ-O)Mn(L)]2+ (3). A rational route to the formation of the mixed-valence Mn2III,IV complex [(L)Mn(μ-O)Mn(L)]3+ (4) starting from 1 by bulk electrolysis at EP = 0.75 V vs. SCE in the presence of one equiv. of base per manganese ion is also briefly reported. Addition of chloride ions to 1 led to the cleavage of the phenolato bridges to give the mononuclear MnII complex [(L)MnCl] (5). Cyclic voltammetry of 5 displays two reversible anodic waves at E1/2 = 0.21 and E1/2 = 1.15 V vs. SCE, assigned to the two successive one-electron abstractions giving the MnIII and MnIV species [(L)MnCl]+ (6) and [(L)MnCl]2+ (7), respectively. The electronic signatures from UV/Visible and EPR spectroscopy of the electrochemically prepared samples of 6 and 7 confirmed the respective oxidation states. For instance, 7 displays a broad and intense absorption band characteristic of a phenolato to MnIV charge-transfer transition at 690 nm (2000 M–1 cm–1) and its 9.4 GHz EPR spectrum shows a strong transition at g = 5.2 consistent with a rhombically distorted S = 3/2 system with a zero-field splitting dominating the Zeeman effect. (© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)


A 70-year-old female with a history of severe asthma, type II diabetes, and hypertension presented with dyspnea and a widespread expiratory wheeze on auscultation and multiple tense hemorrhagic bullae on her feet and shins with surrounding purpura. No mucosal lesions were present. A chest radiograph showed bilateral consolidation in the mid and lower zones, and a CT chest showed patchy ground glass opacification with ill-defined small nodules with peribronchovascular predominance throughout her lung lobes. These changes were consistent with pneumonitis. Neurophysiological studies performed in view of her worsening paresthesia showed carpal tunnel syndrome. Routine investigations revealed leukocytosis of 19.5 9 10/l (4–11 9 10/l) with a prominent eosinophilia 9.0 9 10/l (<0.5), erythrocyte sedimentation rate 99 mm/h, C reactive protein 92 mg/l (<5). Renal function was normal and urinalysis 0.3 g/24 h. A vasculitic screen was anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-positive with a raised anti-myeloperoxidase 104 AU/ml (0–25 AU/ml); c-ANCA was negative. Rheumatoid factor was positive at 178 IU/ml (>30 IU/ml). Complement and immunoglobulin levels were not raised. A skin biopsy of the bullae was taken for histology and direct immunofluorescence (DIF). Histological findings


The individual and combined adsorption behavior of polyamides and two different silanes to multicomponent glass surfaces was probed with a combination of x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and static contact angle measurements. Samples were analyzed with and without solvent rinsing to separate the weakly bound (physisorbed) and more strongly bound (chemisorbed) species. High‐resolution XPS on N 1s revealed that the polyamides adsorb to the glass surfaces via protonated amine species at the acidic (OH) sites on the glass surface. Angle‐resolved XPS confirmed this by showing that the alkyl portion of the polymer is oriented away from the glass interface. In competitive coadsorption studies it was found that amino‐terminated silanes preferentially adsorb to the glass surface, relegating the polyamide to a physisorbed outer layer. When mercaptoterminated silanes were competitively coadsorbed the polyamide was preferentially adsorbed even when present at a concentration twenty times less than that of the silane. Altogether, this work reveals the strong interaction between surface silanols and amino‐functionalized organics. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Theoretical and experimental studies on double excitation in proton–helium collisions are reviewed. Two theoretical approaches, which are common in the treatment of atomic collision processes, are described: perturbative approaches and the close coupling method. Experimentally, double excitation has mainly been studied by spectroscopy of the autoionized electrons emitted by the decay of the doubly excited states and by projectile energy-loss spectroscopy. The results emerging from the theoretical and experimental studies include the following points: first, the coupling of the doubly excited states to the continuum is very important in the electron spectra leading to pronounced interference effects. Second, double excitation mechanisms involving the electron–electron interaction are dominant except for low projectile energies. Third, interference effects between various double excitation mechanisms appear to be insignificant in the cross-sections differential in the electron emission angle, but might be important under certain conditions in the cross-sections differential in the projectile scattering angle.


Auscultation of heart murmurs can detect various types of heart problems; however, this process is prone to human error because it involves a clinician evaluating and categorizing the heart sound via stethoscope. By implementing Soft Computing techniques to analyze the sound received from the stethoscope and classify the heart pathology, this research project introduces the intelligent diagnosis system that is not based on subjective evaluations. The sound signal from the stethoscope is transformed into a spectrogram (an image that shows the time-based analysis of the frequency components) formed by taking the Fourier transform over a small sliding window in time. The magnitudes of the resulting Fourier transforms are mapped to a color function in a density plot. Color Reduction and Color Feature extraction methods are applied to convert the density plot to a manageable image characteristic and reduce the colors of the density plot from sixteen million to eight: red, green, blue, cyan, magenta, yellow, white, and black. The density plot represented by the eight- color vector is then matched with a database to identify a possible pathology.


Three pholcid species (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Parque Estadual da Cantareira, city of Sao Paulo, Brazil are newly described: Mesabolivar cantharus n. sp., Mesabolivar camussi n. sp., and Tupigea cantareira n. sp. Collection data suggest a preference of the species for ground level habitats. Preliminary data on Tupigea cantareira n. sp. suggest a continuous occurrence of adult individuals throughout the year, with a peak in the rainy season. It also seems that T. cantareira n. sp. prefers the natural ("Mata") environment over the reforested Pinus area.


An attempt is made to project the frequency distributions of the heatwave events in Thessaloniki, for future periods up to 2100. To meet this objective, the observed hourly values of air temperature and relative humidity obtained at the Meteorological Station of the Department of Meteorology and Climatology of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki are used. In addition, the average values of air temperature and relative humidity, which correspond to the three periods: 2020-2035, 2050-2065 and 2070-2100, for the month-period May to September, are used. These data information are derived through the Canadian model of general circulation of atmosphere CGCModel2 and incorporate the emissions scenarios SRES A2 and SRES B2. The average values of air temperature and relative humidity, among the future periods and observations obtained during the period 1960-2003, are compared and evaluated. The bioclimatic indices, Temperature Humidity Index (THI) and Summer Simmer Index (SSI?), are calculated for each emission scenarios, during the future periods. Finally, the relative frequency of the indices, between scenarios (2020-2035, 2050-2065 and 2070-2100) and observations (1960-2003), are compared.


Learning is a very important component of making humans truly human. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the learning concept of Ki Hajar Dewantara and Kadar M. Yusuf and its relevance in the era of society 5.0. In this study using the library research method, namely research that analyzes written literature in the form of books and scientific journals as the main source, the results of this study indicate that the concept of learning from the point of view of Ki Hajar Dewantara, namely learning is an activity that will provide knowledge and knowledge, thus obtaining safety. and the highest happiness. Whereas from the point of view of Kadar M. Yusuf said that learning is an activity that will produce knowledge and the concept of learning, Kadar M. Yusuf emphasized that learning includes all sensory aspects so that knowledge is obtained, awareness is formed, admiration is formed, and the final estuary is the formation vertical and horizontal piety. The two figures said that learning is all activity that will provide knowledge, and humans can form piety in themselves to achieve the highest safety and happiness. Therefore, the thoughts of Ki Hajar Dewantara and Kadar M. Yusuf regarding the concept of learning are very relevant in the era of society 5.0; this is because the two figures do not reject changes in the world of Education, as long as the activities carried out produce knowledge and knowledge. Furthermore, the existence of technology can facilitate the achievement of learning objectives because the media in learning is growing and not boring. The thoughts of the two figures are not only relevant in the era of society 5.0 but must be implemented and realized in order to provide a good filter for humans to enjoy the era of society 5.0


. Log files are often the only way to identify and locate errors in a deployed system. This paper presents a new log file analyzing framework, LOGDIG, for checking expected system behavior from log files. LOGDIG is a generic framework, but it is motivated by logs that include temporal data (timestamps) and system-specific data (e.g. spatial data with coordinates of moving objects), which are present e.g. in Real Time Passenger Information Systems (RTPIS). The behavior mining in LOGDIG is state-machine-based, where a search algorithm in states tries to find desired events (by certain accuracy) from log files. That is different from related work, in which transitions are directly connected to lines of log files. LOGDIG reads any log files and uses metadata to interpret input data. The output is static behavioral knowledge and human friendly composite log for reporting results in legacy tools. Field data from a commercial RTPIS called ELMI is used as a proof-of-concept case study. LOGDIG can also be configured to analyze other systems log files by its flexible metadata formats and a new behavior mining language.


Objectives To survey the situation of infection and drug resistance of A.baumannii in patients of intensive care units(ICU) in order to offer reference for controlling nosocomial infection.Methods By using bacterial culture and drug sensitivity testing,the results of sputa in 12 patients and surface such as environment in ICU,medical equipment,and hands of medical staffs were studied in December 2010.The infectious pathway and drug susceptivity were analyzed.Results Acinetobacter baumanii had been isolated from sputa of 10 patients and sheets,patient's bedside cupboard,water in medical equipment,telephone in ICU.The drug resistant rates of this kind of bacteria to most antibacterials such as fluoroquinolones,aminoglycosides,imipenem,et al were high,and it was sensitive to cefoperazone/sulbactam.Conclusion The lower respiratory tract was the most common site for infection in ICU.The standard measures for prevention should be strengthened in order to control the nosocomial infection caused by Acinetobacter baumanii.


Research continues to work towards a full understanding of the early risk factors and mechanisms underlying the co-occurrence of externalizing and internalizing problems. There is increasing evidence of negative emotionality predicting the co-occurring forms of these problems over childhood. This feature may show substantial stability along development; however, negative emotionality might also vary depending on child characteristics, environment, and the developmental stage. The present study aimed to examine the patterns of stability and change of negative emotionality from preschool to school years, and to identify which of these patterns lead to different behavioral profiles of externalizing and internalizing problems during school years. A total of 1,293 preschoolers from 4 to 6 years (M = 4.64; SD = .67; 50.2 % girls) were followed-up for two years using parent-reported data, within the frame of the ELISA Project. Latent profile and transition analyses were conducted. The overall results revealed a primarily stability pattern of negative emotionality, and to a lesser extent some change towards a less intense emotional expression after follow-up. Results also showed particular developmental patterns of negative emotionality for the different behavioral profiles identified. Children with co-occurrent externalizing and internalizing problems displayed greater rates of transition towards a high negative emotionality expression. These findings were explained in light of individual differences during the development of temperamental characteristics, which may be the result of an interplay among biological and ecological factors


Background: Head injury is a growing international public health problem among children. Pediatric triage is the keystone of organization of care in emergency centers. Aim of this study: Was to evaluate the effect of pediatric triage educational program on nurses' performance regarding head injury. Design: A quasi-experimental design was utilized to conduct this study. Setting: The study was conducted at Trauma Room and Pediatric Room of the General Emergency Department in Benha University Hospital. Sample: A convenient sample of 68 nurses and a purposive sample of 68 children with head injury were included and selected from the previously mentioned setting. Tools of data collection: Three tools were used, (I): A structured interviewing questionnaire to assess nurses' knowledge related to pediatric triage and head injury. (II): Child medical assessment sheet to assess current medical condition and child's level of consciousness. (III): observational checklists to assess nurses' actual practice related to pediatric triage. Results: Majority of studied nurses had unsatisfactory level of knowledge in the preprogram phase. While most of them had satisfactory level of knowledge in the postprogram implementation. All the studied nurses had incompetent level of actual practices related to pediatric triage in the preprogram phase. While most of them had competent level of actual practices in the postprogram phase regarding pediatric triage. Conclusion: The educational program was effective method for improving the nurses' knowledge and actual practices regarding pediatric triage. Recommendation: Comprehensive educational programs related to pediatric triage are required to enhance nurses' performance.


Objective To explore the relationship between the hepatitis B virus and DNA damage, and explore DNA damage situation around the different mode of infection of HBV-infected patients. Methods Single-cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) technique was adopted in measuring DNA damage in peripheral blood lymphocytes of controls, different models of chronic HBV-infected patients and the comet analysis software was used for analyzing the results. The degree of DNA damage was judged by the comet tail length (tail extent), the percentage of the comet tail DNA (Tail% DNA), the comet tail of inertia (tail inertia), olive tail moment. Results There were significantly differences between infection of HBV and DNA damage (P0.05), and also significantly differences between the different mode of infection of HBV-infected patients (P0.05) after the SCGE. There were a few comet tail images in lymphocytes of xiaosanyang group and obviously comet tail images in lymphocytes of dasanyang group. The tail extent, tail % DNA in lymphocytes of chronic hepatitis B patients were aggravated significantly than in lymphocytes of controls (P 0.05 ), and there were significantly differences between the tail extent, tail % DNA, tail inertia of the different mode of infection in HBV-infected patients (P 0.05 ). Conclusion Hepatitis B virus is likely to be the main cause of resulting DNA damage in peripheral blood lymphocytes. And different mode of infection of HBV-infected patients have the different damage situation.


Echinoid (Ed) is a transmembrane protein which is a member of immunoglobulin superfamily of cell adhesion molecule (CAM) on adherens junctions. The intracellular domain of Ed contains a non-typical PDZ-binding motif interacting with Actin filaments through Canoe, and it also comprises Nedd4- and AP-2 binding motif related to endocytosis process. In Drosophila embryos, Ed is expressed throughout the lateral epidermis at early stage and then is gradually undetectable in the amnioserosa cells. In this study, we found that Ed is internalized through AP-2 and Nedd4-mediated endocytosis during germ band retraction which leads to Ed clearance in the amnioserosa. The results demonstrate that Nedd4 is more crucial to this process by ectopically expressing the truncated forms of ed which Nedd4 and AP-2 binding motifs deleted. We further found that overexpression of defective Nedd4 and AP-2 binding motifs of ed also affects the cell morphology and causes different levels of cell constriction. It has previously been shown that overexpression of ed in the amnioserosa results in apical constriction and irregular accumulation of actin, suggesting that Ed might recruit some actin-associated proteins interacting with actin and further lead to apical constriction during this process.


ABSTRACT
A research has been done to investigate the effect of the spinning time of the 13% polystyrene thin film fabricated by spin coating method. The time of fabrication various from 0.5 minute to 3.5 minute. In this research, the wave guides were characterized using prism coupling method. The result is the number of modes are depends on limit increased time spin.

Keyword : Thin film, Spin Coating, Coupling Prism, Modes.


Based on the investigation data about Cd in Jiaozhou Bay in August 1992 and the horizontal change model of matter content and the vertical change model of matter content proposed by the authors, the horizontal loss amount, vertical diluted amount and vertical sediment amount of Cd content in the surface and bottom layers from the southeast waters of the bay to the west waters of the bay mouth were calculated, and the model block diagram of the horizontal and vertical changes of Cd content was determined. The results show that in August, the absolutely loss amount of Cd content in the surface layer was 0.09μg/L, and the absolutely increase amount of Cd content in the bottom layer was 0.10μg/L. The relatively loss amount of Cd content in the surface layer was 12.00%, and the relatively increase amount of Cd content in the bottom layer was 41.66%. Cd content in the surface and bottom layershadabsolutely vertical diluted amount of 0.42-0.61μg/L, and its relatively vertical diluted amount was 63.63-81.33%. In August, in the horizontal migration of Cd content in the surface and bottom layers, the main sea current carried high Cd content in the surface waters.And after passing through the nearshore waters of the bay, one tenth of the Cd content in the surface layer settled to the seabed. In the horizontal migration process of Cd content in the surface layer, the loss amount of Cd content in the surface layer reached 12.00% in the nearshore waters around Jiaozhou Bay, thus the increase amount of Cd content in the bottom layer reached 41.66%. It reveals that the high Cd content in the surface layer could rapidly and continuously sink to the seabed, and the Cd content in the seabed waters in Jiaozhou Bay increased by 41.66%. In August, in the process of vertical migration, the Cd content transported by main sea current was relatively high, and the vertical diluted amount of Cd content in the surface and bottom layers was high 63.63 - 81.33% from the southeast waters of the bay to the waters in the west of the bay mouth.


High densities of managed honey bees can harm populations of wild pollinators There is widespread concern about the global decline in pollinators and the associated loss of pollination services. This concern is understandable given the importance of pollinators for global food security; ∼75% of all globally important crops depend to some degree on pollination, and the additional yield due to pollination adds ∼9% to the global crop production (1). These services are delivered by a plethora of species, including more than 20,000 species of bees as well as butterflies, flies, and many species of vertebrates (1). Yet, concern has focused on one species above all: the western honey bee (Apis mellifera). This is unfortunate because research shows that managed honey bees can harm wild pollinator species, providing an urgent incentive to change honey bee management practices.


Poets use different forms of representation for nature in their poetry. Poets get relevant subject matters to produce their verse when they encounter different forms of nature in course of their daily lives. Changing seasons and different conditions of nature significantly encourage the poets to express their deeply rooted feelings in multiple ways of representation depicting multiple forms of their surroundings. This article attempts to explore how Laxmiprasad Devkota, the great poet of Nepal, represents the rain in particular and other elements of nature in general in his poem entitled "The Rain." To deal with the representation of nature in this poem, I have used the tool of ecocriticism that facilitates to study the relationship between literature and nature as well as nature and human beings.


Digoxin serum levels are measured after intravenous infusion of a 2 mg dose. The pharmacokinetic parameters for a two and three‐compartment open‐body model are calculated by compartmental analysis using a digital computer; the three‐compartment open‐body model gives the superior fit.


The present investigation was carried out by Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Dholpur during two consecutive year 2014-15 and 2015-16 at village Devi Singh ka Pura (BlockBari) and Ghanedi (Block-Rajakhera) in District Dholpur (Rajasthan). The main objective of this study was to overcome the problem of anoestrus in buffalo. The 18 anestrus buffaloes were randomly divided into Three groups; the first group (T1) buffaloes was Treated with Feeding Concentration + Green Fodder + Mineral Mixture, Second Group (T2) was treated with feeding concentration + Green Fodder + Mineral Mixture + Coco Tablets + Prajna Capsule and Third group of buffaloes was treated with T3 farmers practices. Comparative study of three treatments was carried out by comparing their efficacy for oestrus induction and successful conception. The results showed that higher oestrus induction was found in (T2) treated with (feeding concentration + Green Fodder + Mineral Mixture + Coco Tablets + Prajna Capsule), which showed 66.66% and 83.33% of buffalo's oestrus during the year of 2014-15 and 2015-16 respectively.


Over the last decades,fiber reinforced polymer(FRP) bars have emerged as one of the most promising solutions to the corrosion problems of steel reinforcement in structural concrete.Based on the(review) and investigation of relevant studies at home and abroad,this paper is engaged in the analysis on the durability of FRP bars under severe environment.The authors present key technologies concerning FRP composite material and look forward to the prospect of FRP application to modern civil engineering.


An approximate analytical solution for the displacement and microrotation vector fields is derived for pure torsion of a prismatic bar with square cross-section comprised of homogeneous, isotropic linear Cosserat elastic material. This is accomplished by analytical simplification coupled with use of the principle of minimum potential energy together with polynomial representations for the desired field components. Explicit approximate expressions are derived for cross-section warp and for applied torque versus angle of twist of the bar. These show that torsional rigidity exceeds the classical elasticity value, the difference being larger for slender bars, and that cross section warp is less than the classical amount. Experimental measurements on two sets of 3D printed square-cross-section polymeric bars, each set having a different microstructure and four different cross-section sizes, revealed size effects not captured by classical elasticity but consistent with the present analysis for physically sensible values of the Cosserat moduli. The warp can allow inference of Cosserat elastic constants independently of any sensitivity the material may have to dilatation gradients; warp also facilitates inference of Cosserat constants that are difficult to obtain via size effects.


On 26 September 2014, Johan van Benthem, Professor of Pure and Applied Logic, delivered his valedictory lecture in the auditorium of the University of Amsterdam. Modern logic is the broad, exact science of information directed behaviour that plays an important role in connecting the humanities, exact sciences and social sciences at the university, and which forms the bedrock of our information society. In his valedictory lecture, van Benthem illustrates the creation of this scientific field and the most important future challenges facing it.