The field evaporation of deuterated titanium films is being investigated as a deuterium ion source for deuterium-tritium neutron generators. It has been found that titanium and deuterated titanium films having thicknesses of up to at least 70 layers assume a body-centered-cubic crystal structure when grown on ⟨110⟩ oriented tungsten substrates. Deuterated titanium films having thicknesses exceeding 50 atomic layers have been controllably field evaporated from the surface of tungsten tips in less than 20 ns. At ion current densities exceeding ∼106 A/cm2 and film thicknesses greater than ∼20 layers, space charge effects decrease the ratio of D to TiDx ions to less than 1. Decreasing the evaporation rate such that ion current densities are of the order of 105 A/cm2 increases the D to TiDx ratio for the evaporation of a film thickness of greater than ∼20 layers by the reduction in space charge effects that can inhibit the dissociation of titanium-deuterium complexes. Atomic deuterium ion yields of ∼10−7 μC of...


From Summary: "This Paper is concerned with two aspects of the behavior of coal: (1) Dispersion by solvents at atmospheric pressure and high temperature and (2) the destruction and regeneration of the coking properties of coal."


For more than twenty years now I've been using the language of integers and addition as a minimal setting in which to explore different aspects of programming language semantics. This article brings this work together by showing how a range of semantic concepts can be presented in a simple manner through the lens of integers and addition. In this setting, it's easy as 1,2,3.


This research is a fundamental study, which compared what
is stated in terms of these issues in the Islamic jurisprudence
(Islamic Fiqh) as reported by the justice system of Saudi Arabia,
which was released in 1428, 2008. I spoke at the beginning about
the importance of judiciary being one of the main pillars of the
government, and then briefly indicated how judiciary must be
obeyed by leaders. Moreover, it was also pointed out the main
guarantees that lead to judiciary independence, and what must
leaders as well as the judge himself do in order to achieve that.
Furthermore, the exemption was identified and the reasons came
into two categories. There are two reasons that lead to judge
exemption, the first is when sensory loss, illness, aging, the end of
his term or no need for his specialization, being exempted by the
leader (Imam), being incompetent, the demise of the mind,
immorality, apostasy, failure to meet job duties and death.
The second category, which is disputable, is whether or not to
exempt at first? These include: the judge exempt himself, seizure
of power by the unjust, the death of the leader (Imam), leader
discharged, large number of complaints against the judge, or other
better than him, and judge weakness. Finally, judge exemption by
the Saudi justice system was reported.


Background: An 8-year-old girl with severe left ankle pain at walking for two weeks presented. The medical history and physical examination were unremarkable.


The text presents an interdisciplinary take on upbringing for empathy, based on a signature theoretical model. Adopting a so understood definition of empathy results in universal and multilevel interactions aimed at children and youth. The effects of these actions bring various benefits on an intrapersonal and interpersonal level – including reducing stress levels in children and strengthening personal and social resources that contribute to improving strategies of coping with stress and its negative effects. Empathy is also a proven method of preventing peer violence – a problem that is still present in Polish schools and leads to numerous health damages.


The skin covering the head is very difficult to remove; since it is not useful as a sewing material, the head is cut off.


Whether to measure expectation damages by the cost of completing the contract or the buyer's loss in value is a central, unresolved issue in contract law. This paper analyzes the issue assuming that the buyer places unobservable, idiosyncratic value on performance. While cost of completion deters efficient breach, diminution of value induces inefficient breach. The latter is more severe the more likely is large idiosyncratic value. Cost of completion also tends to be superior if the event (low market value/high cost) leading to the breach is very likely, because then the existence of the contract itself indicates substantial idiosyncratic value.


The Oriental Collection of the Royal Academy of History in Madrid has been traditionally identified with Pascual de Gayangos' collection of Arabic and Aljamiado manuscripts. Nevertheless, the history and contents of the Oriental materials preserved at this institution are much richer and more complex than hitherto recognized. This essay provides a study of its formation and data regarding extant materials that have passed unnoticed.


Diarrhea is a condition characterized by changes in the consistency of stool from softening to melting, and at least three times a day. Diarrhea is still a public health problem in developing countries such as Indonesia, because of its high morbidity and mortality. Data on diarrhea patients from the Kampung Bugis Health Center for 2017 diarrhea patients as many as 672 in 2016 amounted to 468. The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between personal hygiene factors to the incidence of diarrhea in the coastal area of Bugis, Tanjungpinang City. The method of this study was an analytical survey with Cross-Sectional design. The location of the research is the people who live in the Coastal Areas of Bugis Village, Tanjungpinang City. A sample of 84 people (case and control), taken by consecutive sampling. Data were analyzed using the chisquare test. The results showed that there was a relationship between latrine use behavior (OR=4.667 95% CI 1.249-17439; p=0.029); handwashing with soap (OR=4.800; 95%CI 1.251-18.421; p=0.028). Waste management (OR=4.875; 95%CI 1.274-18.649; p=0.001) with the incidence of diarrhea in the coastal area of Kampung Bugis, Tanjungpinang City. The variable most related to the incidence of diarrhea in the coastal area of Kampung Bugis in Tanjung Pinang City is a waste management facility. The prediction accuracy of the independent variable is 74%. It is recommended that the Puskesmas collaborate across sectors to improve clean behavior and be equipped with the habit of washing hands with soap.


This article discusses the construction of a cultural vision of Russian nihilism in the Spanish liberal press following the assassination of Alexander II in 1881, and identifies the codified metaphoric context of texts and its possible meanings and purpose. The analysis of the stereotypes related to Russia and nihilism in the Spanish press and contemporary, intellectual sources indicate that such perspectives served a variety of purposes, and political and cultural agendas. While apparently discussing issues such as gender, social turmoil, and even democracy and revolution in Russian terms, the reports addressed topics of ongoing, local debates, disguising national, social and political questions within a seemingly foreign context. In addition, this exploration serves as an example of the flexible boundaries separating the press and the literary realm in the late nineteenth century, by pointing out the dramatic, sensationalist, and even sensual formulations added to an otherwise straightforward report or opinion. It also underscores the significance of transnational social networks that may have contributed to molding an apparently "national" consciousness, drawing attention to Russia's cultural connection to the rest of Europe.


We introduce a theory for the development of a transitional column density ΣTP between the lognormal and the power-law forms of the probability distribution function in a molecular cloud. Our turbulent magnetohydrodynamic simulations show that the value of ΣTP increases as the strength of both the initial magnetic field and turbulence increases. We develop an analytic expression for ΣTP based on the interplay of turbulence, a (strong) magnetic field, and gravity. The transition value ΣTP scales with , the square of the initial sonic Mach number, and β0, the initial ratio of gas pressure to magnetic pressure. We fit the variation of ΣTP among different model clouds as a function of or, equivalently, the square of the initial Alfvénic Mach number . This implies that the transition value ΣTP is an imprint of cloud initial conditions and is set by turbulent compression of a magnetic cloud. Physically, the value of ΣTP denotes the boundary above which the mass-to-flux ratio becomes supercritical and gravity drives the evolution.


Percutaneous vertebroplasty, comprising an injection of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) bone cement into vertebral bodies, is a practical procedure for stabilization of osteoporotic compression fractures and other weakening lesions. Cement leakage is considered to be the major complication. The viscosity plays a key role in this context. At high viscosity, the risk of leakage is reduced; however, injection forces are highly increased, handling time is reduced. The purpose of the study was to investigate the rheological, handling and hardening behaviour of a newly developed medium viscous bone cement at different temperatures and by simulation of a temperature shift to body-temperature. The presented data give an impression on the injectability of the cement using different sized needles. It could be concluded, that the medium viscous cement shows an adequate working time for a broad temperature range and an acceptable hardening time of around 11 min after immersing the cement into a 37∘C environment.


Background Human cartilage glycoprotein‐39 (YKL‐40) has been suggested to be a new marker of inflammation, atherosclerosis, and endothelial dysfunction. However, whether a higher level of YKL‐40 is an independent risk factor for hypertension incidence is still unknown. Methods and Results In a nested case‐control study within a prospective cohort of 12 423 initially healthy Chinese adults, we measured baseline plasma concentrations of YKL‐40 among 700 new‐onset hypertension cases and 700 age‐ and sex‐matched controls. Multiple conditional logistic regression analyses were used to calculate the odds ratios (95% CIs) of hypertension associated with higher levels of YKL‐40 both in the total population and in the age‐ (>55 and ≤55 years) and sex‐matched subgroups. Among the total population, YKL‐40 levels were not associated with hypertension risk. In the subgroup older than 55 years, odds ratios (95% CIs) of hypertension for those in the two higher tertiles of YKL‐40 were 1.23 (0.77–1.97) and 1.59 (0.99–2.55) (P for linear trend=0.05). In the male subgroup, odds ratios (95% CIs) of hypertension for those in the two higher tertiles of YKL‐40 were 1.55 (0.88–2.72) and 2.09 (1.14–3.82) (P for linear trend=0.02). An interaction effect was observed between YKL‐40 and sex (P for interaction <0.01) but not between YKL‐40 and age (P for interaction=0.21). High YKL‐40 level significantly increased hypertension risk in men but decreased hypertension risk with a trend although not significant in women. Conclusions This study suggests that YKL‐40 is associated with hypertension incidence only among men. The study findings need to be further verified by prospective cohort studies or clinical trials.


In recent years, there have been computational and theoretical advances in the analysis both of the equilibrium and of the disequilibrium properties of pricing models in which spatial markets are dominated by autonomous firms engaged in oligopolistic competition. In this paper I develop an approach to the modeling of spatial pricing that transcends the unrealistic institutional simplification that firms are autonomous and independent of corporate organizational structures. Specifically, I hypothesize that competition between corporations takes place at two spatial scales. At the intraurban scale, corporations compete for market share through their franchise sites, where market share is contingent upon the nature and degree of competition between franchises, the spatial structure of the urban market, and the costs of production to the franchise. At the intraurban scale, competition is defined in terms of the strategies of the individual corporations as they adjust their delivered prices to urban markets in response to changes in their costs of production and distribution, the interurban transportation network, and the achieved market share in each urban market. I demonstrate that, for a general corporate objective, there exists at least one spatial price equilibrium and that the stability conditions of this model are identical for two price-setting scenarios: a partial adjustment model and a Bertrand game. For the specific corporate objective of total-profit maximization, I examine the qualitative properties of the hierarchical model.


Diffraction phase microscopy (DPM) can enable quantitative phase imaging with low spatiotemporal noise and high acquisition rates owing to its common path and single-shot characteristics. However, DPM suffers from a very tedious spatial-filter alignment process with complex auxiliary equipment. Therefore, we developed a new DPM using a defocus grating to release the alignment. It positions a grating outside the Fourier plane to create multiple diffraction orders, but chooses only the 1st and zero orders using a double-hole filter (DHF) to act as the sample and reference beams to create a hologram. The filter alignment can be flexible and linear to adjust by only shifting the grating and/or DHF. As a result, the alignment is no longer restricted by the strict matching relationship among different optical parameters in previous DPM, and further complex auxiliary equipment is no longer required. We demonstrate the operation of the approach by several experiments.


The need to understand the process of student learning in order to improve the quality of that learning has been identified in the education literature (for example, see Biggs, 1978, 1987a, 1987b, Malton and Saljo, 1976, Ramsden, 1992). In addition, the outcomes of this learning have been identified in quantitative, qualitative or attitudinal terms (Biggs, 1990; Marton and Booth, 1997). To this end there have been a number of models of student approaches to learning (Biggs, 1988; Kember and Gow, 1989; Marton and Saljo, 1976; Zhang, 2000). Each model has considered the antecedents, and by way of application, the effectiveness ofvarious learning approaches.


4 provenances of Eucalyptus urophylla were used to study genetic variations of growth and P and N uptake in sand culture with 0, 5, 10, 15. 20. 35 and 50 mg P/kg soil applied. The results show that there were great responses of height biomass, P and N uptake to P supply levels and some provenance variations in height, biomass, P and N uptake. At low and high P levels, the variations of height biomass,P and N uptake were much smaller lhan that of medium P levels.The biggest variation came from the critical range of P (15-20 mg P/kg). P application also changed foe ratio of dry weight of shoot to root and ratios of P and N uptake of shoot to root.


Disclosed is a method for minimizing interference between RFID readers built in a mobile terminal, it is possible to minimize interference between readers by assigning an operating time specific to the mobile terminal at a specific point of time of a cycle of a mobile communication network signal according to an identity number of a mobile terminal, even when several readers are scattered in a predetermined area and they try to detect one tag at the same time.


Purpose. Сonducting a comprehensive analysis of clinical and radiological data in patients with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction at the stages before and after conservative and dental types of treatment using multislice computed tomography (MSCT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Materials and methods. The present study included the results of clinical and radiological examinations at the stages before and after conservative and dental types of treatment of 36 patients (31 women and 5 men) in the age range of 18-52 years. All patients were divided into four groups depending on the clinical manifestations of temporomandibular joint dysfunction. Group I (n = 11; 30.3%) - patients with pain syndrome with TMJ dysfunction; Group II (n = 14; 39.2%) - patients with manifestation of acoustic effects in TMJ dysfunction and group III (n = 5; 13.7%) - patients with degenerative changes in bone tissue. Group IV (n = 6; 16.8%) - was a control group – volunteers without clinical manifestations of TMJ dysfunction. Patients of all groups underwent radiological diagnostic methods at various stages of treatment: MSCT examination at treatment and 12 months after the initial examination; MRI - at treatment, at 6 and 12 months. Results. According to the study, it was revealed that the asymmetric arrangement of the heads of the condylar processes of the lower jaw (n = 14; 42.4%) was noted in view of the violation of the biomechanics of the act of chewing. The presence of pronounced dystrophic processes on the part of the lesion in groups I, II, III was regarded by us as changes as a result of functional overload, which was indirectly confirmed by the regression of the process after the complex treatment. The posterior position of the head of the condylar process of the lower jaw was found much more often than any other localization, especially in the destructive process of the cartilaginous component in 20 patients (60.6%). According to MSCT data, the size of the joint space before and after the treatment was modernized: in the anterior section from 1.761.8 to 3.08.51.5 mm; in the middle section from 1.181.7 to 1.862.5mm after treatment and in the back section from 0.802.5 to 3.421.3mm after treatment In the absence of violations of the integrity of the dentition and trauma in the anamnesis in 25 patients (75.7%), a predominance of the active function of the masticatory muscles on the leading side was noted. According to MRI data, the volumetric characteristics of the lateral pterygoid muscles before and after treatment ranged from 17.81.9 to 15.12.5 mm; medial pterygoid muscles from 13.351.5 to 11.211.5 mm and the masticatory muscles proper from 18.531.5 to 14.221.6 mm. A statistically significant increase in the volumetric parameters (thickness) of the masticatory muscles in 25 patients (75.7%) indicates a functional overload of the masticatory apparatus, since the volumetric characteristics of the studied muscles became comparable with the data of the control group (n=6; 16,8%) after the treatment. Changes in the parameters of the articular disc, MRI studies revealed the following changes before and after the treatment: in the anterior region from 2.32.6 to 2.72.7 mm, in the central region from P 1 - I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University). Moscow, Russia. 2 - Tver State Medical University. Tver, Russia. RUSSIAN ELECTRONIC JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY | www.rejr.ru | REJR. 2021; 11 (1):88-102 DOI: 10.21569/2222-7415-2021-11-1-88-102 Страница 90 0.52,9 to 1.91.7 mm, in the posterior section from 3.22.7 to 4.32.1 mm. Bone density indicators of patients (n = 31; 100.0%) varied from +234.55.8 HU (in group III) to +565.55.9 HU (in group I) during the primary study, which made it possible to differentiate the severity of osteoporotic changes in bone tissue to correct the treatment. Conclusion. The use of highly informative methods of radiological diagnostics (MSCT, MRI) in patients with TMJ dysfunction is an integral part both at the stage of initial consultation and after treatment.


admirable one, a distillation of everything that C. knows not only about Ostia, but about Roman history and the Roman world in which it had its place. Six chapters deal successively with The Sources; The Geography and History of Ostia; The Urban Layout and Architecture; Ports, Trade and Economic Life; The Inhabitants; and Civilization. There is a brief Conclusion, followed by a Glossary of Latin and other technical terms, and a select Bibliography, but no index. The frontispiece is a line drawing of the famous Torlonia relief of ships at Portus, and at the back are 51 plates (many of them photographs taken by the author), 39 figures (plans and line drawings), and a pull-out town plan. All is orderly and clear, but with more imaginative and scholarly touches than usual in a work of synthesis. Sources include not just Greek and Latin authors but travellers in mediaeval and more modern times. History covers the revelation of the site and the development of the museum. Trade has up-to-the-minute statistics about shipwrecks and amphorae, and what conclusions may legitimately be drawn from them. Sometimes the book's origins in an undergraduate course make themselves felt, a slightly breathless quality of having to get through the mass of material which can descend into lists of 'other examples', houses, mosaics, artistic themes and so on. Brief, or cryptic, references could benefit from the 'teacher's' presence and fuller explanation. But what C. has grasped, and manages to communicate, is that a social and economic history of Ostia is possible in a way that still eludes us for Pompeii. Even if there is a maddening lack of detail preserved in a city which died a slow natural death, and whose hasty excavation, particularly in the late 1930s, left much to be desired in terms of methodology (which is only now being put right), there is a whole history here. Architecture, inscriptions, sculpture, art, pottery, and religion, subtly interconnected, tell a story, vital for our comprehension both of developments after the eruption of Vesuvius in A.D. 79, and in particular for the city of Rome itself, with which Ostia was intimately connected. The particular strength of the book is that Ostia's activities are always set in the wider context of Roman behaviour, whether it be political, social, religious, or administrative. C. sees the parts, but he also sees the whole. Even in physical terms, he rightly perceives Ostia itself as a work of art, porticoes, dedications, statues, houses, pavements, seats, and fountains, all in a play of light and shade, colours, textures, and materials. To have so much information and so much understanding in so compact and digested a form is a delight. It is not just the French who stand to gain by the publication of what its author modestly calls 'this little book'.


The mixed major-gene plus polygene inheritance model was used to analyze the inheritance of leaf lobes in Brassica rapa with six generations of P1(smooth leaf margin inbreed line)and P2(leaf margin nick inbreed line)and their F1,B1,B2 and F2.The result shows that the number of leaf lobes is controlled by two major genes with additive-dominance-epistatic effects plus poly-genes with additive-dominance effects(E-1 model)in hybrid.The additive effects of the two major genes are-1.154 7 and-1.154 8,respectively,and the dominance effects of the two major genes are-1.516 8 and 1.034 9,respectively;The heritability of the major genes in B1,B2 and F2 are 88.48%,90.40% and 93.03%,respectively,but the polygene heritability only be checked in B1,which is 4.114%.It indicated that the leaf lobes in B.rapa was dominated by major genes.This implies that in the genetic improvement of leaf lobes trait major gene is the main factor.It is fit for early selection.


FIELD: radio engineering, communication. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to communication networks. A device with a virtual switch receives a pre-encapsulated source frame from a local switch and transmits the pre-encapsulated source frame to a gateway located at a destination, wherein the transmitter does not encapsulate frames received from local switches and decapsulates an incoming frame from a remote gateway destined for local hosts. EFFECT: reduced operating load of a peripheral switch which performs only frame decapsulation, encapsulation is performed in a virtual switch. 18 cl, 31 dwg, 7 tbl


In the above paper (ibid., vol 63, no. 12, pp. 2863-2871, Dec. 2014), the first footnote should appear as follows.


Consecutive Conservative governments since 1979 have emphasised the need for greater cost-efficiency in the provision of public services. This article places recent developments in public sector catering in this wider context. It considers the manner in which government policy towards public sector catering has affected organisational and technical change in this area, and how this has led to changes in the roles, styles, strategies and control of catering managers. The article also outlines the effects of change on staff. In conclusion the article argues that management in the public sector are increasingly likely to act according to a business ethic', rather than a 'public service ethic'.


(Abstract )Since current researches on energy efficient consolation in data center only consider part of energy consumed by servers, this paper proposes a novel method considering both servers and network devices. The proposal achieves energy minimization by minimizing the active servers and network devices through analyzing the net topology. Moreover, the problem is modeled and a hybrid particle swarm algorithm called HPSO-NA is designed to implement virtual machine consolidation. Experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively reduce the energy


The interactions between humans have been described in a variety of ways, one of which is using network analysis. It is known that men and women interact differently and, as such, the dynamics between men and women may have an impact on their work. This paper examines the differences between how men and women engineers interact by performing a social network analysis of the co-authorship of conference papers. Understanding these interactions will give insight to how professionals network and how these networks form. This research performed the analysis on the co-authored papers from the American Society for Engineering Educators annual conferences from two divisions, Biological and Agricultural Engineering and Liberal Education. The analysis tracked information about the authors (nodes), with whom they wrote and if those connections (links) are male-male, male-female, or female-female. Then the data was analyzed for the degree, betweenness, and closeness, in a networking software program. After completion, the statistical analyses will compare the two genders to find differences. The objective is to discover if men and women in engineering differ, and ,if so, how? This will be answered by determining if the graphs are scale-free or random, if one gender network has more links than the other, or if they are the same. Finally, it will determine if the networks are quantitatively different as to degree, betweenness, and closeness.


Internet worms always make global impacts over the cyber space by network propagations. As a result, identifying the propagation source of the worms plays a very important role in the later worm analysis and forensics. In the paper, we propose a new source identification method using convolutional neural network (CNN). In particular, we consider the adjacent matrix of propagation graphs as the inputs to the CNN model, while output the source node as the model's class label. In this way, we can solve the source identification problem from the view of propagation graph classifications. We understand the CNN model may render to be ineffective when there exist a large number of source nodes to be classified, and thereby deploy our CNN model in a hierarchical architecture in order to reduce the number of class labels for CNN classification. To demonstrate the effectiveness of our model, we have conducted extensive experiments on both the synthetic and real-world networks. Our results have successfully confirmed the better identification performance of our CNN model than the competing solutions in the literature.


We analyzed submissions to the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice (SBSTA) from Parties and Observer Organizations on two issues: (i) party and observer positions on inclusion of further guidance on REDD+ safeguard information systems (SIS); and (ii) developing country Party experiences and lessons learned from SIS development. We also carried out a brief survey among REDD+ negotiators. The major findings are summarized as follows:


Critical writing on Na dne (The Lower Depths, 1902) has concentrated on the issue of a "harsh truth" versus a "consoling lie" as the heart of Gorky's play, regarding it is a matter related to the ideological, or less frequently the philosophical, implications of the piece.1 Such an exclusively thematic view of this text, however, neglects the fact that it was written for performance. If theme is integrated with theatrical form in the construction of meaning, interpretations different from those that have hitherto dominated the criticism may emerge. A focal area of interest where theme and form fertilise one another lies in the story-telling episodes. They provide several moments where the dramatic form becomes consciously engaged with the truth and lies theme of the play. They also create a set of links which informs interpretation of the perplexing ending to the play. Why do theme and form engage with one another in the story-telling episodes in The Lower Depths? When operating in a theatrical medium, a text utilises a juxtaposition of truth and lies: truth, or reality, is pursued through the theatrical illusions which present the fictional world. Story-telling, particularly oral storytelling, embodies a similar structure of truth and lies in as much as content is conveyed by the illusions of performance. Story-telling may also refer in the vernacular to efforts, often childish, to mask truth, but it is nevertheless a venerable tradition of entertainment. The argument here is that the oral story-telling in The Lower Depths, when located in a theatrical, performance, framework, may hold a key to a new understanding of this text. The generally held view regards Gorky as a monolithic writer, dedicated to one political agenda, which he realises by showing signs of the disintegration of established society of his day. These signs reside principally in generational and social conflict. The key to a new understanding is that oral story-telling in the Lower Depths not only exemplifies and reinforces, but also greatly expands the truth and lies debate. Truths and lies are not in conflict, not clashing in the form but working together, co-existing, cooperating to produce a unified whole. In this way story-telling identifies as central to an overall interpretation of the play not conflict between views and the supremacy of one over the other, but counterpointing of very different views. Gorky is less of a propagandist and more of a humanist than has generally been allowed. In this interpretation, his play The Lower Depths proposes not a one-sided political agenda but makes the case for accepting a plurality of views. A doss-house in Moscow at the turn of the last century provides the memorable setting for this, Gorky's second, play. It is a place of extremes. On the one hand, it is a refuge for the destitute, suffering and dying; on the other, a place for survivors, the perverse and self-preservers. Into this pit of humanity comes Luka, a traveller, probably on the run (he has no papers) and probably associated with alternative forms of religion (he is referred to as a strannik (wanderer or palmer) and talks of the beguny (runners) 2). He is wily, shrewd, lives on his wits, a survivor, but he is also kindly. Unable to pass suffering by, he offers his "consoling lies": he comforts the tuberculose and dying Anna with promise of heaven, and tantalises an alcoholic, out-of-work actor with talk of a cure in some remote clinic. His words bring instant calm and hope. Other characters, trapped in a life of poverty, dislike his temporary comforting, calling him a liar. They prefer to justify their aimless existences by the hopelessness, both theological and social, of their situation. Their feelings boil to resentment at his sudden disappearance towards the end of Act 3, when there is a fracas in the doss-house owner's family, which leads to his murder by one of the dossers. The possibility of being called as a witness causes Luka swiftly to remove himself The climax of the play in Act 4 emerges from a previously reticent but powerful character, Satin. …


Entrapment and degradation of transfecting DNA in endocytic vesicles often hampers the use of lipidic vectors for gene delivery purposes. Photochemical internalisation (PCI) is a technology for achieving light-induced release of DNA trapped inside these vesicles, and therefore represents a way of overcoming the endocytic membrane barrier and improving gene transfer. The technology is based on utilising photosensitizers which localise in the membranes of endocytic vesicles, causing photochemical damages that rupture the vesicles upon illumination. The purpose of this work was to study the effect of PCI on transfection mediated by the cationic lipid N -(2-aminoethyl)- N , N -dimethyl-2,3-bis(tetradecyloxy)-1-propanaminium bromide (ßAE-DMRIE), with or without the helper lipid 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DOPE). It was shown that PCI has no effect on ßAE-DMRIE mediated transfection, whereas it significantly enhances transfection mediated by the combination of ßAE-DMRIE and DOPE. The effect of PCI was highly dependent on the timing of illumination relative to the time of DNA delivery, both regarding the sequence of, and the time between, these two treatments.


ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The study was supported by the Independent Research Fund Denmark (DFF Sapere Aude grant number 4004-00422) and the European Research Council, European Union (StG 677268 NextDART). The study is partly funded through the National Institutes of Health, United States/National Cancer Institute Cancer Center Support Grants P30 CA015704 and P01 CA225517. We would like to thank all patients with cancer who contributed samples; all collaborators taking part in the study; Bente Rotbøl, Tripti Tamhane, Anna Gyllenberg Burkal, Anni Flarup Løye, and Julien Candrian for excellent technical assistance; and all current and former members of the SRH research group for scientific discussions.


A controller core for controlling communication of Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) Express, the controller core comprises: a standard configuration register unit, a capabilities register unit, a logic unit and a bond option signal. The standard configuration register unit is configured for controlling the communication of the PCI-E, and supporting the controller core been embedded internally and accessible from exterior. The logic unit applied to associate with the standard configuration register unit and the capabilities register unit for identifying a hot insertion and removal from exterior of the controller core; and the bond option signal is used to enable and disenable the standard configuration register unit, the capabilities register unit, and the logic unit respectively. The invention can be suitable for different sites with reduced manufacture cost and improved manufacture efficiency.


Exporters from Asian-Pacific Countries can successfully establish marketing presence in Industrial Market Economies by directly marketing products in these country markets. Direct marketing potential in Industrial Market Economies can be determined by examining two critical factors: the direct marketing infrastructure and emerging environmental changes. Although the resource requirment for direct marketing is quite substantial, exporters, who combine their resources to engage in cooperative international direct marketing, will find it easier to establish marketing presence in Industrial Market Economies.


Luliang gasfield and Baoshan gasfield are the typical small scale Tertiary gasfield in Yunnan,which are characterized by shallow buried depth,loose cementation and waters development.The identification of gas sand,reasonable complete exploitation well network,gas exploitation by water-controlling and sand-controlling, multilayer combination exploitation and gas exploitation by water extract,etc.are the important guarantee of successful exploitation of gasfield.


Two of the major problems that permeate complex modern production and distribution enterprises are coordination and enforcement. While mechanisms of coordination have been studied extensively in management science and organizational economics, issues raised by the second set of problems have been the focus of microeconomic theory, organizational economics, and law, especially property, contract and business entity law (e.g., North, 1990). At least two major mechanisms of enforcement of business and commercial understandings and agreements - legal contracts, and the organization of activities within firms - have been studied at considerable length by scholars in the law and economics tradition (e.g., Coase, 1937; Williamson, 1975). More recently, a third cluster of mechanisms, including norms and reputation, have become an object of study by economists and legal scholars (Richman, 2004; Bernstein, 1996; Bernstein, 1992; Bernstein, 2001; Grief, 1989).


Aim/Purpose This year marks the 75th anniversary of an article titled 'As we may think'. It envisioned the 'Memex' as a personal device affording the productive use of the accumulated human knowledge. It also allowed for the integration of own augmentations able to be effectively shared with the 'Memexes' of others. This article follows up on Vannevar Bush's still unfulfilled aspiration as well as on current unsustainable Knowledge Management states. What would be today's impact and gestalt of such a digital innovation, and how can it be implemented to serve the wellbeing of humanity? To answer these questions, we are drafting a Vision for a 'Memex'-inspired novel decentralized Knowledge Management System. Its aim is to strengthen the capabilities and autonomy of individual knowledge workers to become collaborative contributors to and beneficiaries of institutional and societal performances. Insights or Findings The vision elements are rooted in an advanced-stage design science research project and its conceptualization and prototyping of a novel decentralized knowledge management system. The new perspective taken accounts for notions of entropy, generativity, trans-disciplinarity, and sustainability and aims for a digital platform ecosystem which affords clients with highly diverse skills and ambitions to gainfully utilize its resources and generative potential in their personal and local contexts. Recommendations With its focus on a sustainable development path to benefit knowledge workers, the back-casting vision methodology applied demonstrates its potential to share the envisaged knowledge management prospects with a wider critical mass of stakeholders as a prerequisite for creating the respective decentralized, more generative knowledge management reality.


As the main responsibility body of the public sports service of teenagers,it is necessary for government to improve the service levels,meet the needs of teenager growing sports and build a service-oriented government.Governments at all levels should care and pay much attention to teenager sports development,continuously improve policies and regulations,increase investment,and to create "sunny sports government" for young people,which can build a school network-based information-based health platform provide convenient sport participation,tracking fitness evaluation and improving public teenager sports service platform.


Looking at the history of international broadcasting, one can observe that governments utilised international media as an element of public diplomacy as early as 1930s. Some of the first examples are seen at the BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation) World Service, which runs a Turkish Service since 1939. This research examines the factors that impact on international broadcasting and takes the BBC World Service as an example. It focuses on its Turkish Section in order to consider the changing practices at its language services and explore the influence of the issues such as public diplomacy, technological advances and economic policies on these language services. The BBC World Service and the Turkish section are chosen because they constitute one of the first examples of international broadcasting efforts. The findings are based on data that were collected via in-depth interviews conducted with editors and producers in 2011 at the World Service Central Newsroom and the Turkish Service. This research was funded by TUBITAK (the Scientific and Research Council of Turkey) post-doctoral study abroad bursary, at the Communication and Media Research Institute, University of Westminster in London, where the researcher was based as a visiting scholar


Sound decision making is crucial in both
public and private sectors because good decision able to solve problem and satisfy parties involved. As part of the government service provider, local government also expected to exercise sound decision making in
their services to their community. Thus the
information system plays s major role in providing good data to the decision maker. lnformation system helps to furnish local government officer and its community with proper information. Accurate information and needed when conditions become more uncertainty. This paper proposed s conceptual
framework for information and system acceptance base on Delone and McLean information success model. Two variables are proposed to be studied: information quality and system quality. There variables are needed by decision maker at local government to come out with round decision making since the acceptance of information is very law. The
objective of this study is to come out with some solution to "IT lag time" which refers to large gap between the adoption of new technologies such as information integration and information sharing and their acceptance and reutilization in organization.


Human serum rich in antibodies against diphtheria was given orally to newborns and to older infants. With few exceptions, an absorption of antibodies could be traced only in the first week of life and even then only in minute amounts (<0.30% of the total antibody amount administered). The implications of these findings for the value of human milk as an antibody source are discussed.


Abstract The European Center for Medium Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) level IIIb dataset is used to construct global pressure analyses of the tropopause surface during January 1979. Two methods are employed: a dynamical method based on isentropic potential vorticity (IPV) and a thermal method based on lapse rate criteria. Regional tropopause pressure analyses are extracted from the global analyses and compared against distributions derived from rawinsonde data. The coarse vertical resolution of the ECMWF data compromises the ability to resolve abrupt stability changes between the troposphere and stratosphere and impacts tropopause analyses using both methods. Sensitivity of the derived tropopause pressures to a range of IPV and lapse rate thresholds is examined. For the assimilated dataset employed herein, 3.5 IPV units represent an optimal value for tropopause analysis outside the tropics. Modification of the WMO lapse rate criteria does not significantly improve tropopause analysis globally. Both meth...


"Avakianism" refers to Bob Avakian's new synthesis of communism, given a pejorative twist here by Ajith. The polemic by Ajith is an attempt at an all-round refutation and rejection of the advance in the science of communism that the new synthesis represents. Ajith claims to be waging his polemic from ostensibly, and in his own words, a Maoist position (referred to in the polemic and the Naxalbari journal as "MLM", or Marxist-Leninist-Maoist).


INTRODUCTION: Dielectric shimming and focusing of the RF field has been proposed for high field MRI applications [1]. Recent studies at 7T [2] showed that local RF field in the human head can be enhanced by placing high dielectric constant (HDC) material in between the targeted region of the sample and coil elements. Experimental results at 3T demonstrated that HDC pads significantly enhanced RF field in the human brain, leading to an increase in SNR and decrease in SAR[3]. In this computer modeling study we explored the potential utilization of HDC pads for ultra-high field human head imaging. METHODS: The computer modeling was carried out with commercially available finite-difference time-domain(FDTD) software SEMCAD X (SPEAG, Schmid & Partner Engineering AG, Zurich, Switzerland) on a human head with 23 tissue types model modified from Visible Human Project with size 333x210x191 at 2mm isometric resolution. The tissue dielectric properties were obtained with Four-Cole-Cole extrapolation at 128(3T), 300(7T), 400(9.4T) and 600MHz(14T), respectively. A 16-rung (29-cm coil diameter and 26-cm length, 32-cm shield diameter and 30-cm length) high-pass birdcage coil was modeled and driven with 32 current sources in the end-rings and with 22.5-degree phase-shift between adjacent rungs. The HDC pad (εr = 100) were 1-cm and 2-cm thick "helmet" covering the head model to the level of mouth with face exposed. The geometry with pad thickness=2cm is shown in Fig.1.


The ordered intermetallic Ll[sub 2] alloy Zr[sub 3]Al was irradiated with 2 MeV protons at [minus]124C to fluences up to 2 [times] 10[sup 15] H[sup +]/mm[sup 2] and at 250C to fluences 1 [times] 10[sup 15] H[sup +]/mm[sup 2]. Defects with spherically symmetric strain fields were produced at both irradiation temperatures. They are of interstitial character at [minus]124C and vacancy character at 250C. Disordering is induced at [minus]124C, whereas irradiating at 250C initially lowers, then slightly raises, the degree of long-range order above its unirradiated value. Additional defects that appear as black spots were imaged using superlattice reflections in dark field. For the low-temperature irradiations they were seen at all doses, but were present at only the lowest dose for the high-temperature irradiations. They are probably disordered zones, although some of the zones may be amorphous at the higher doses in the low-temperature irradiations.


The Cover Feature shows the various quinoxaline derivatives that can be used as molecular sensors for ionic species, with respective coordination sites on the molecules. More information can be found in the Review by S. V. Bhosale and co‐workers on page 934 in Issue 12, 2018 (DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/open.201800163).


Background: Linear growth failure, or stunting, is the most prevalent form of undernutrition worldwide. Indonesia became country with the fifth largest prevalence of stunting. In 2021 around 23.5% of toddlers who are stunted in east java province The incidence of stunting can be influenced by several risk factors. Objective: To decide risk factor of stunting in children aged under 5 years old. Methods: This study observational analytic with case-control study design, data from the scope of the mayangan health center over 1 year, January until desember 2022. Subjects comprised 122 cases and 122 controls, totaling 244 subject were children aged under 5 years old selected by consecutive sampling. Results: The results showed that short birth length, total daily calory intake, history of ARI, and mother education has a significant association for stunting prevalence. Short birth length have 0.2 times higher risk of experiencing stunting, inadequate daily calory intake have 0.3 times higher than adequate group, history of ARI have 0.3 times higher of experiencing stunting, low mother education has 0.5 times higher that high mother education. Conclusion: The most influential variable in this study is short birth length, total daily calory intake, chronic diarrhea, history of ARI, and mother education, to be childhood stunting prevalence.


Customised Named Entity Recognition is an interesting, yet challenging task. The focus of our paper is the extraction of the named entities that provide financial information about research projects and programs. We introduce AckNER, a tool which extracts financial information from the "Acknowledgments" or "Funding" sections of research articles and dissertations. The results show that AckNER outperforms generic NLP libraries such as SpaCy, Stanza, FLAIR and DeepPavlov. The improvements found can be attributed to the ability to identify non-capitalised parts of the named entities in combination with the addition of patterns to extract information about contracts and grants.


This article summarizes some data on contraceptive use in Tanzania from the 1994 Tanzania Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Survey (KAP). Between 1991 and 1992 contraceptive usage doubled from 10% to 20%. Increases were the same for modern and traditional methods. The KAP survey used a subsample from the 1991-92 Tanzanian Demographic and Health Survey and did not request a birth history or maternal and child health information. Contraceptive use differences were large. Urban family planning use was double that of rural use. Coastal and central zone rates were double those of western zones. 55% of women with at least a secondary education used contraception compared to only 12% among women with no formal education. There was widespread knowledge of at least 1 method of contraception. Over 50% of married women 15-49 years old had heard or seen a family planning message in the 6 months prior to the survey. Over 25% of noncontracepting women reported a desire to space their next birth or desire a stop to childbearing. Unmet need had only slightly declined. Over 50% of women desired 5 or more children. The mean ideal family size was 5.5 for women and 5.9 for men, which was lower than in 1991-92. Only 7% of women and about 25% of men reported having more than 1 sexual partner in the 12 months preceding the survey. About 20% of women and men considered themselves at moderate to great risk for AIDS. Risk was associated with multiple partners and use of prostitutes. Knowledge of AIDS prevention was widespread. Many reported awareness of condom use and reduction in number of partners as risk prevention. 74% of women and 88% of men reported a change in their sex behavior to reduce the risk of AIDS.


The Oak Ridge National Laboratory has been actively engaged in a coal-conversion technology program since 1974. Since that time the industrial hygiene group has closely monitored the several different phases of this bench-scale and pilot-plant-scale program. During late 1979 and early 1980, industrial hygiene monitoring was increased significantly, both in terms of sampling frequency and number of workroom air contaminants sampled for. Many special samples and samples for contaminants not normally expected have been collected. The sampling methods and analytical techniques used are described in detail, as well as results of area and personal air sampling. Routine control measures employed in various coal-conversion facilities at ORNL are also discussed. 6 tables.


ABSTRACT : This study was carried out to investigate vegetation structure and soil property of natural habitat of Polygonatum stenophyllum to provide basic information for propagation, conservation and restoration. Habitats of Polygonatum stenophyllum were classified into Hemiptelea davidii-Robinia pseudo-acacia dominant population (Yeongwol-eup), Pinus densiflora-Hemiptelea davidii-Callicarpa japonica dominant population (Nam-myeon), and Hemiptelea davidii-Rubus crataegifolius dominant population (Gangchon-ri). The soil pH 6.49~7.28; and electron conductivity 0.10~0.19 ds/m. The average content of organic matter, total nitrogen, available P 2 O 5 , Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , K + , and Na + were 8.24~16.45 g/kg, 0.02~0.13%, 45.67~123.67 mg/kg, 4.61~6.71 cmol(+)/kg, 0.17~0.63 cmol(+)/kg, 0.06~0.27 cmol(+)/kg and 0.03~0.30 cmol(+)/kg, respectively. Species diversity index (H'), maximum species diversity index (H' max), evenness (J') and dominance (1-J') of investigated sites ranged 1.0323 (Nam-myeon)~1.1134 (Yeongwol-eup), 1.4914 (Gangchon-ri)~1.6128 (Nam-myeon), 0.6401 (Nam-myeon)~0.7270 (Yeongwol-eup) and 0.2730 (Yeongwol-eup)~0.3599 (Nam-myeon) respectively.Keywords : Vegetation structure, Soil property, Endangered species,


A 60-year-old man presented in our clinic with painful red periarticular nodules which he first noticed in 2003. Topical treatment with amcinonide cream already achieved flattening of the lesions. The patient recalled mosquito bites but not remember any tick bites. On clinical examination he had red-blue grouped nodules on the wrist as well as on the inner aspect of the right knee (Figure 1), where the nodules with arranged in a digitate pattern. Older lesions showed a brown hyperpigmentation with epidermal atrophy and desquamation. The differential diagnosis included chronic Lyme disease with juxtaarticular nodules, cutaneous T-cell-lymphoma (CTCL), pseudolymphoma, granulomatosis with polyangiitis (formerly Wegener granulomatosis) and arthropod bite reaction. Biopsies were taken from the hand and knee. Histopathology showed a perivascular and periadnexal lymphocytic infiltrate in the dermis and the upper subcutis. In the superficial dermis were large lymphocytes with pleomorphic nuclei which were positive for CD30 (Figure 3), as well as for CD3, CD4 and CD8. In addition, the subepidermal infiltrate was positive for Ki67. Based on the histological findings as well as the chronic course of disease, we diagnosed lymphomatoid papulosis. In a clinical follow-up 14 days later the lesions on the leg had only regressed without therapy. A new erythematous nodule had appeared on the left elbow. Serological investigation for Lyme disease, lues and HIV was negative. Because Clinical Letter the disease was relatively quiescent, we initiated therapy with topical corticosteroids. Six weeks later further erythematous maculae appeared on the knee and the hand. If the diseases progresses, we intend to start therapy with bath-PUVA therapy or interferon. Lymphomatoid papulosis is a chronic papulonecrotic or papulonodular dermatosis [1], which microscopically resembles malignant lymphoma [2], but clinically shows a benign chronic or recurrent course. Along with primary cutaneous anaplastic large T-cell lymphoma [PCALCL], lymphomatoid papulosis belongs to the group of primary cutaneous CD30-positive T-celllymphoproliferative diseases [2–6]. Its incidence is approximately 1.2–1.9 cases per 1 million inhabitants. Lymphomatoid papulosis generally manifests between the 30th and 40th year of life [7], but sometimes also occurs in children [7, 8]. Men are affected more frequently than women [4, 7]. The disease is mainly located on the trunk and extremities; affection of the oral mucosa and the hands is very rare [4, 9]. In our patient only the joint areas were affected with nodules on the extensor sides of the large joints, whereas the trunk showed no lesions. Lymphomatoid papulosis is characterized by nonpruritic multiple brown or red papules on the trunk and extremities which heal leaving scars or become pustular, hemorrhagic or necrotic [2, 7, 9]. Patients have an increased risk for developing neoplasias such as mycosis fungoides or Hodgkin lymphoma while an association with other lymphomas is possible [6–8]. Histologically 5 different types can be classified: Type A (wedge-shaped infiltration, mixed cells) (Figure 2), Type B (band-shaped, epidermotropic), Type C (cohesive, nodular) [3, 10], Type D (epidermotropic, CD8+) [11], Type E (angioinvasive) [12]. Our patient had lymphomatoid papulosis Type A. Treatment options include topical corticosteroids and phototherapy (mainly PUVA and narrow band UVB 311 nm). In case of multiple lesions and frequent recurrences, systemic approaches such as photochemotherapy and methotrexate


Numeral structure is an important element in modern Chinese.For Chinese information processing,the realization of computer's automatic identification will be a great advance for searching of essential named entities from Chinese texts.This article analyzed various types of numeral structures,raised some strategies and approaches to realize the target with Language C.Finally,this article gave out the result by means of open statistics and figured out the improving direction of the program.


The dynamical linear theory of a material surface placed in vacuum and subjected to an external strong magnetostatic field is considered. Motion of the surface is described by a position function. The material of the surface is assumed to be an isotropic elastic non-magnetizable electric conductor. The residual stress is taken into account. Displacement-based field equations are obtained in a coordinate-free notation.


In power supply enterprises, providing intelligent service for the residential users is a very crucial approach to increase the customer satisfaction. Taking the demand of residential users as the center, analyze the basic design goal of the intelligence service system and the functions of four subsystems. This paper apply the SOA design idea in building the frame structure of the intelligent service system in power supply enterprises, and the content of every layer in this frame structure is introduced. Then the safe electricity utilization expert system, which belongs to a newly built service, is given an explanation on. Through this intelligent service system, it is convenient for the power supply enterprises to provide users with accurate, efficient, on-demand, proactive and security intelligence services. The application of SOA design idea can make more efficient use of the existing resources and also can make the system have good extensibility, to lay a foundation for the future development of intelligence service in the power supply enterprises.


Table A1 provides the overview of the literature review on infrastructure investment needs. We reviewed academic publications and reports from international organizations, such as the World Bank, United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). We used the information from these sources to calculate an average annual investment need for each entry (second column, Table A1).


Through the petrology and geochemistry research for the Beilekuduke granite,in Kalamaili region,East Junggar,Xinjiang,the relations between the Beilekuduke A-type granites and tin deposit are discussed.The research shows that biotite granites are actually typical aluminous A-type granites characterized by high Si,low Al,depleted Ca and Mg and abundant alkali.The value of the FeOt/MgO is high.Rb,K,Th and other large-ion lithophile elements and Zr,Hf high field strength elements are enriched,and Ba,Sr,Nb,Eu are depleted,Eu shows negative model and REE was flat "V"-shaped.The granite contains relatively highter tin,and 8 belts of tin-bearing alteration are identified as a source of tin.This research provides a valuable reference for tin origin of this type deposit


Measuring plant heights one by one is an important way to explore the height structure of grassland plant communities, and can be used to analyze the universal rules and regional variations of vegetation growth under environmental change. We chose grasslands in three plateaus, namely Tibetan Plateau (TP), Mongolian Plateau (MP) and Loess Plateau (LP), and set up three grassland transects along the precipitation gradients from meadow, steppe to desert. The mean height of grassland vegetation is 30.38 ± 22.44 cm, and the mean height from TP, MP to LP increases significantly. The aggregation of grassland vegetation presents a positive skew distribution (0.91, 3.60), and the community aggregation from TP, MP to LP tends to a normal distribution (0, 3). However, for TP, there is an exponential distribution in community aggregation of meadows, and a uniform distribution in that of desert. The explanatory effect of climate and soil nutrients on the variation of mean height in each region is more than 70%, while the explanatory effect on the community aggregation is the highest at TP, only 29%. From TP, MP to LP, response intensity of mean height to environmental changes increased significantly, and the influence of temperature and precipitation gradually increased, the influence of radiation, wind speed, and nutrients gradually weakened, and the synergy among environmental factors strengthened. Our study shows that normal distribution is a universal rule of grassland height construction, and the synergy of environmental factors varies from region to region.


Abstract: Hubli-Dharwad is now increasing in importance as a Commercial, Industrial, and educational centre. Traffic congestions in the city is increasing day by day due to extensive urbanization and industrialization along the Hubli-Dharwad belt, this has led to major intersections in the cities being saturated resulting in traffic congestion and delays subsequently increasing the vehicle operating cost and pollution levels in the cities. Rani Chennamma Junction in the city of Hubli is one such junction, its seven arms serve as the arterial roads of the Hubli city. The old NH-4 connecting the NH 48 is the southern arm of the junction, NH-67 (previously NH-63) forms the two arms of the junction, NH-52 heading towards Vijayapura makes the north arm of the junction, the rest arms of the junction are Arterial roads of Hubli city. As per the Comprehensive Traffic & Transportation Plan (CTTP) report, some of the junction experiences traffic snarls and needs an immediate attention in terms of engineering interventions. It is also noted that there is lack of pedestrian's facilities at most of the major junctions that need to be investigated to avoid pedestrian vehicular conflicts at junction. The traffic trend observed in the CTTP report requires treatment at this junction to decongest the junction in the form of grade separated structures so that the majority portion of vehicles can bypass the at-grade conflicts and greatly reduce the traffic conflict points. This Study shall provide engineering solutions to cater to the increased congestion on the seven-arm Rani Chennamma junction.


The invention relates to a biodegradable polyethylene plastic film. The biodegradable polyethylene plastic film is characterized by comprising the following components: 100 parts of low-density polyethylene, 20 to 50 parts of hydroxypropyl modified starch, 10 to 20 parts of filler, 10 to 20 parts of compatibilizer, 10 to 15 parts of plasticizer, 1 to 10 parts of silane coupling agents and 0.5 to 5 parts of zinc stearate. A preparation method comprises the following steps of: crushing the hydroxypropyl modified starch and calcium carbonate particles until the particle size is 20 to 200 meshes, adding the coupling agent and the compatibilizer, and mixing uniformly for later use; adding the low-density polyethylene and other aids, and mixing uniformly; and mixing a raw material mixture, pelleting, performing blown extrusion, cooling, drawing, and winding to obtain the biodegradable polyethylene plastic film. The obtained biodegradable polyethylene plastic film has high water tolerance, can be completely degraded in a short period, and is a degradable and environment-friendly material.


The oil secreting glands of Hiptage sericea Hook. consist of three regions: epithelial, sub-epithelial and sub-glandular. In early stages, the oil secreting cells are characterized by the presence of plastids with starch grains and electron translucent vesicles, mitochondria, rER, polysomes, small vacuoles, numerous lipid bodies and well-defined nucleus with nucleolus. Later, the accumulation of plastoglobuli and inclusion bodies occur in the matrix of the plastid. Tubular, smooth endoplasmic reticulum begins to appear in the cytoplasm. With the onset of secretion, the osmiophilic contents of plastids which appear as electron dense, round droplets move-into cytoplasm and often occur in the region of the plasmalemma invaginations. However, in matured glands the lipid bodies disappear from the cytoplasm. The size of the vacuoles increases and are filled with electron opaque substance. Similar substances are also found in the sub-cuticular spaces as well as outside the cuticle.


earlier in gestation [9], when such responses are absent or low. In acknowledgment of safety concerns highlighted in recent studies, the CDC no longer recommends that pregnant women with BV be treated with intravaginal clindamycin therapy, because 5 of 6 trials that have evaluated this therapy for women with (or without) BV showed significant increases in the rate of prematurity and neonatal sepsis [10]. Klebanoff et al. [1] emphasize the importance of an accurate diagnosis of BV before any antibiotic therapy is administered, and they warn that harm may result from treating women with metronidazole who do not have BV [2–4, 13]. We agree, and we included, in both the CDC guidelines and the background article, methods for the proper diagnosis of BV [9, 10]. The CDC's STD treatment guidelines [9] are developed by a panel of experts who review published studies, rate the quality of the evidence, and determine the strength of recommendations [14]. The guidelines contain detailed information that is relevant for clinicians who must make treatment decisions. They state, "Because treatment of BV in asymptomatic pregnant women at high risk for preterm delivery (i.e., those who have previously delivered a premature infant) with a recommended regimen has reduced preterm delivery in three of four randomized controlled trials, some specialists recommend the screening and treatment of these women. However, the optimal treatment regimens have not been established" (emphasis added) [9, p. 44]. In the United States, the prevalence of prematurity has not changed appreciably during the past 20 years. It remains a leading cause of disability and infant mortality, and it disproportionately affects racial and ethnic minorities. Effective approaches to reducing prematurity are urgently needed. Infection plays a role in prematurity for some women [15]. Nevertheless, the identification of an effective strategy—involving selection of appropriate subgroups, timing of testing, and a suitable dosing regimen—for reducing the rate of prematurity has proven to be difficult. Additional data on the early treatment of BV with a recommended regimen is now available [16].


: Fentanyl has evinced its property of being a potent opioid and benumbing stress response to laryngoscopy and intubation (L&I). However respiratory depression and chest wall rigidity limits its utility at high doses. Nalbuphine, reported to have a ceiling effect for respiratory depression, can serve as an alternative. We studied and compared the efficacy of fentanyl and nalbuphine in preventing the rise in heart rate and blood pressure after L&I. A randomized double blind study was conducted in 60 subjects divided in two groups (Group F n=30 and Group N n=30) was done. Group F received 2µg kg fentanyl intravenously while group N received nalbuphine 0.2mg kg intravenously. Hemodynamic variables including heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were measured at baseline and at intervals of five minutes of administering test drug, each minute up to five minutes after intubation, 10 minutes and 30 minutes after intubation. Complications, if any, were recorded after surgery. Change in HR, SBP, DBP and MAP between the two groups was compared using independent t-test. : The two drugs were equally effective in preventing HR rise at all-time points except after 30 minutes where fentanyl performed better. The change in SBP, DBP and MAP from baseline in both the groups was comparable.: Nalbuphine can serve as an alternative to fentanyl in obtunding stress response when given five minutes before intubation.


Can we leverage the large corpus of art online to enhance the graphical user interfaces in apps? This paper presents a deep-learning based style transfer algorithm that uses art to restyle a GUI while retaining its functionality. We show that previous work in style transfer does not work because it lacks the structural elements in a style, which can be captured by a correlation between features in different layers of the convolutional neural networks. This work allows for the creation of GUIs that integrate the aesthetic characteristics of art with the functionality of applications. ACM Classification


Controlling the reactive species during the synthesis of complex aliphatic chains containing a quaternary carbon is incredibly difficult. In this paper, we efficiently controlled both radical and c...


Vessel evasion is an important countermeasure in underwater acoustic warfare.According to the characteristics of underwater acoustic warfare in ship formationt,he basic principle of evading acoustic homing torpedo is analyzed,based on the model calculation and simulationt,he torpedo attack course is calculateda,nd the cooperated evasion method of the typical formation defensing torpedo is presented.The evasion method introduced in this paper provides essential basics in the study of cooperated underwater acoustic countermeasure model of the ship formation.


Over the past 20 years, TLE has covered pioneers, wildcatters, innovators, etc. who played key roles in transforming the energy business through the development and employment of advanced geophysical technologies. However, one group of professionals that gets little respect are the salespeople. They provide an important link between the developers and end-users. Service companies have always had to stay ahead of the technology curve to remain in business. Thus, these companies relied on their sales staff to be on the front line to sell technical services to the independents and major oil companies.


In this paper, we are discuss a multiscale analysis of discrete boundary presented by Generalized Chain Code. We briefly review the multiresolution analysis which make possible the construction of wavelets, scaling function and the associated filters. Using the discrete contour generated by Freeman Chain Code, we approximate it at several resolution levels and obtain its wavelet representation. We then reconstruct the original discrete contour from its wavelet representation also generated by Chain Code. Examples of implementation results are presented with the evaluation of entropy and signal to noise ratio to confirm the perfect visual result.


Henry and Elizabeth Savage, in their biography of Andre Michaux and Francois Andre Michaux, wistfully comment that, apart from their contributions to the advancement of botany, horticulture and forestry in the United States, the botanists Michaux, father and son, ''left no posterity.'' If one may broadly interpret the expression ''posterity,'' the dark tone of the statement brightens. Footsteps of the Michaux are increasingly in evidence, not only in America but also wherever these gifted and industrious plantsmen lived, worked and introduced their collections of plants, many now bearing the name Michaux. True, Andre Michaux's only child left no children. But if one includes Michaux descendents from the parents of the elder botanist, one encounters numerous persons of his lineage. It is our good fortune that one such person in France has made himself known to us and is interested in our project. Members of the Andre Michaux International Society (AMIS) in the United States and in Rambouillet, France are delighted with this new window on Michaux studies: We are now in contact with a member of the greater Michaux family, Regis Pluchet of Savigne—l'Eveque near Le Mans, France. A student of Pluchet genealogy, Monsieur Pluchet traces his descent from Genevieve Antoinette Michaux Pluchet, the niece of Andre Michaux, daughter of AndreFrancois, the botanist's younger brother by one year. Regis Pluchet is now our active colleague in efforts to broaden appreciation for the life and work of the gifted plantsman who revealed to North Americans much of our botanical riches and who sent to France a staggering number of plants and seed collected in the American ''wilderness.'' We share vital interest in Michaux with our friends at Rambouillet and hope to be their allies in replacing there some of the North American trees provided by Andre Michaux, notably specimens of Taxodium distichum, the bald cypress. These old trees at Rambouillet planted from the shipments of Michaux were battered by two severe storms that twice swept the Rambouillet landscape, near the beginning and again near the end of the 1990s. Michaux ardently hoped the plants he collected and shipped to France in great number would be useful and enjoyable in his cherished homeland. In gratitude for this distinguished botanist's gift to the Carolinas, and as a tribute to his service to both of our nations, we hope to aid in the revival of Michaux's project at Rambouillet. Learning of Walter Kingsley Taylor's book on Michaux's botanizing expedition to Florida, Monsieur Regis Pluchet wrote Dr. Taylor on February 11, 2003 of his relationship to the Michaux family. Pluchet was then unfamiliar with English. Like the botanist himself, his lycee studies were in the classics, Latin and Greek, with German as his modern language. Working from a dictionary, Pluchet electrified Dr. Taylor with his first stark sentence: ''I am from family Andre Michaux.'' This e-mailed note continued with skeletal information about his descent from Genevieve


The individual's attitude toward the Determiner of Destiny, which is religion, has always an essentially practical coloring. It involves a belief, to be sure, but this belief is never a matter of pure theory; it bears a reference, more or less explicit, to the fate of the individual's values. Hence in nearly every religion which history has studied or anthropology discovered, the question of the future in store for the individual believer has been one of prime importance. The content of this belief is a question for the theologian and the historian of religion; the psychologist, however, may be able to throw some light on the related question why people believe, or fail to believe, in immortality at all. What, in short, are the psychological sources from which this belief springs, and what are the leading types of this belief?


The purpose of the paper is to investigate the relationship between leadership styles and Socio Economic Organization Position (SEOP) variables in LIC of India, Andhra Pradesh. This relationship examined in three levels like top management, middle management and low level management in LIC of India. Keywords--Leadership styles, SEOP Variables, Levels of Management


Abstract How much should we sacrifice for the sake of others? While some argue in favour of significant sacrifices, others contend that morality cannot demand too much from individuals. Recently, the debate has taken a new turn by focusing on moral demands under non-ideal conditions in which the essential interests of many people are set back. Under such conditions, in some views, moral theories must require extreme moral demands as anything less is incompatible with equal consideration of everyone's interests. The insistence on the extremeness of moral demands, however, presupposes a simplistic account of non-ideal conditions as characterized mainly by the non-compliance of many individuals. Non-ideal conditions are also characterized by institutional non-compliance, whereby institutions often do not do what they ought to do. Institutional non-compliance is significant as it increases the size of moral demands significantly, thereby exacerbating the conflict between these demands and the self-interest of individuals subjected to these institutions. I argue that individuals have a meta-interest in not experiencing such internal conflicts as these can undermine their affirmation of self-respect. Meta-interest can be advanced by adopting the promotion of just institutions as an ultimate aim, as such institutions lessen the conflict and, accordingly, enable us to live more harmonious lives. Moreover, the promotion of just institutions allows us to affirm our sense of self-respect under non-ideal conditions too. Because the promotion of just institutions is in our self-interest, this is not an extreme but a moderate moral demand.


This paper proposes a framework for the analysis of the theoretical properties of forecast combination, with the forecast performance being measured in terms of mean squared forecast errors (MSFE). Such a framework is useful for deriving all existing results with ease. In addition, it also provides insights into two forecast combination puzzles. Specifically, it investigates why a simple average of forecasts often outperforms forecasts from single models in terms of MSFEs, and why a more complicated weighting scheme does not always perform better than a simple average. In addition, this paper presents two new findings that are particularly relevant in practice. First, the MSFE of a forecast combination decreases as the number of models increases. Second, the conventional approach to the selection of optimal models, based on a simple comparison of MSFEs without further statistical testing, leads to a biased selection.


In this paper, the time-like hyperruled surfaces in the Minkowski 4-space and their algebraicinvariants are worked. Also some characteristic results are found about these algebraic invariants.


The leaves of Wilkiea macrophylla provide an environment on which succession in foliicolous lichen species can occur. The pioneer species are Tricharia albostrigosa and Sporopodium xantholeucum which appear to grow best as isolated thalli. These are gradually replaced by spreading species such as Porina epiphylla, Porina impressa, and by discrete but apparently competition-resistant species such as Mazosia melanophthalma. Where leaf damage has occurred, Strigula sub- tilissima and Strigula complanata are present around the wound margins. Tricharia albostrigosa and Strigula complanata are new records for Australia. Foliicolous lichens are those lichens that grow epiphytically on leaves, generally on upper surfaces. Most are microlichens, although some foliose species are known. Supra- cuticular taxa are most abundant, however subcuticular species have been reported, as- sociated with damage to the leaf cuticle (Santesson 1952). Foliicolous lichens are taxonomically diverse, and can also occur on varied substrates. They are found in a wide range of humid habitats, and are especially well developed in tropical and subtropical regions. Obligately foliicolous species were monographed by Santesson (1952) and this work was an essential resource for the identification of the taxa observed. Much of the Australian material in that work was collected by DuRietz in 1927. While some work (Filson 1965) exists on the taxonomy of Australian foliicolous lichens, there are no currently published accounts of their successional ecology. Wilkiea macrophylla (A. Cunn.) A. DC. is a shrub or small tree common in the under- story of rainforests in southeastern Queensland. The leaves of this shrub are large (10 X 4 cm), and opposite, and appear to persist for four growing seasons. Successive growth segments, separated by bud scars, commonly have two pairs of leaves. Thus leaf pairs along Wilkiea stems represent an age sequence. A characteristic leaf is illustrated in Fig. 1. METHODS Collections of over 200 Wilkiea macrophylla leaves with lichens growing on them were collected from rainforests at Mt. Glorious (27019'S, 152?56'E); Imbil (26028'S, 152?39'E); Jimna (26042'S, 152025'E) and Lamington Plateau (28013'S, 153008'E). The leaves were examined under a dissecting microscope and the lichens identified using the accounts in Santesson (1952) and Rogers (1981). Sterile thalli were determined by comparison with fertile specimens found either on other host species, or, if no fertile material was available, by comparison with the descriptions and illustrations of Santesson. The lichen floras on leaves of increasing age along stems were examined in situ on plants growing near O'Reilley's Guest House, Lamington Plateau. Leaf pairs were numbered sequentially from the apex of the branch, and leaf scars were counted so that leaves distal to the leaf scar were numbered as if a leaf had been present. Fifty stems (bearing a total of 577 leaves, excluding scars) were examined in this way, and the lichens present recorded. The occurrence of each species at each leaf pair position was recorded, and species frequency calculated. The weighted percentage of occurrence for each species at each leaf pair position was then


We have developed the relativistic mean field model to the study of kaonic nuclei. Starting with the Lagrangian for nucleons and (anti)kaon meson, the equations of motion for nucleon field, scalar meson, vector meson and (anti)kaon meson fields are deduced. By self-consistently solving the equations of motion, the K−-nuclear deeply bound states are obtained for the nuclei with A ≥ 8. The K−-nucleus binding energy of the ground state (1s) is on the order of 100 MeV. It appears 1p states for the A ≥ 20 nuclear cores, the binding energy for 1p states is in the range 62−82 MeV. The shrinkage effect is found in the possible K−-nuclear deeply bound states. The interior nucleon-density of the kaonic nuclei increases obviously, especially for the light ones. The strength of the kaon field is in the range 8 − 20 MeV for the ground states, and the interaction range is about 3 − 4 fm in a nucleus. PACS: 21.10.Dr, 21.30.Fe, 21.90.+f


The paper includes the results of computational tests conducted to compare coal combustion to the natural gas co-firing with coal in the combustion chamber of the conventional OP230 boiler with low-emission front burners and open-fire air (OFA) nozzles. It was shown that co-firing coal with the co-fuel with high content of methane can result in the reduction of NOx emissions about 40% compared with the coal combustion. The results obtained can be used as a benchmark for comparative computer tests of indirect co-firing of coal with syngas derived from woodand agriculturally-based biomass and waste products.


Three strains of Spalangia drosophilae Ashmead, ectoparasitic on Hippelates collusor (Townsend) pupae, from California, Jamaica, and Puerto Rico, are compared for fecundity, longevity, minimum survival temperatures, and ability to reproduce as host densities increase. The California strain demonstrated greatest cold tolerance and highest capability to increase progeny production at high host densities. The Jamaica strain had the greatest fecundity and longevity. Each of the 3 strains showed a significant increase in the production of females with increased host densities. Strains from Puerto Rico and Jamaica had a higher capacity for female production with a single mating. It is suggested that the exotic strains be colonized in southern California for biological control of H. collusor .


Objective:To investigate the diagnosis,differential diagnosis and biologic behaviors of primary malignant melanoma of the liver.Methods:A case of primary malignant melanoma of the liver was reported with clinicopathological analysis,immunohistochemistry and review of literature.Results:Grossly,there was a clear circumsciption between mass and liver tissues,with a intact capsule.Microscopically,the tumer cells were diffuse,and there was fibrous tissue between lesions and liver tissues,but a few tumor cells broke through the capsule and infiltrated into the liver tissues.The tumor cells were multi-pleomorphic,and they were round,spindle shaped and irregular.The tumor cell nucleus were round or oval,and the nucleoli were prominent with eosinophilic or basophilla.Some tumor cells were with melanin deposition of melanin pigment.Immunohistochemistry assay showed that the tumor cells were positive for HMB-45,Melanoma-pan,S-100 protein and Vimentin,and negative for AFP,High-MW-CK,CK18,CEA,CK19,CD34,CD117,NSE,LCA,CK,CHA,HCG,EMA,SCLC,Desmin,SM-actin,SC-actin,myoglobin and Syn.Conclusion:Primary malignant melanoma of the liver is a very rare neoplasm with many kinds of histological appearance.It should be considered as malignant melanoma when it is difficult to dignose for liver neoplasm.


With the quick development of animal husbandry,waste from animal agriculture is an increasingly prominent environmental and animal productive issue now.Upon how the animal waste effect the environment,this report describes a series of measures which acting on the feed and manure treatment to decrease environmental pollution.


Abstract : The leading cause of preventable deaths on the battlefield is exsanguination, and 70.5% of casualties in OIF/OEF have suffered serious extremity injuries with hemorrhage control as the primary fOcus of prehospital medical treatment. Developments in hemorrhage control and the implementation of the JTTS have facilitated critical pre hospital improvements to increase the survivability of battlefield casualties. Five hemostatic agents appear promising; QuikClot, HemCon, QuikClot Combat Gauze, HemCon Chitoflex, and Self-Expanding Hemostatic Polymer. Differences in appropriate usage, cost, and side effects influence FDA and military approval. The CAT tourniquet is currently the best prehospital tourniquet when applied properly. The JTTS, the world's largest and most complex trauma system, was designed to track, trend, and report performance processes to improve medical care within combat theaters. It has directly influenced critical medical advances to achieve the lowest mortality rates in U.S. history.


SUMMARY Land administration theory has developed a new, multi-disciplinary approach to building, designing and managing land administration systems (LAS). The articulation of the approach runs parallel to development of land indicators to improve reliability and usefulness of international comparisons of LAS tools, especially in response to demands for good governance. These developments form the background to formulation of human rights based land acquisition standards. However, land delivery processes in general, and the sub-set of compulsory land acquisition and resettlement processes, in particular, are complex and crosscutting. In developing countries, technical issues, rather than humanitarian issues, tend to paralyze attempts to reform of land delivery processes. Capacity building is therefore a key component of reform of land acquisition processes. New tools are emerging that both improve technical capacity and assist with application of human rights based land acquisition principles. 1. NEW LAND ADMINISTRATION APPROACH Features of the new approach The analysis of land problems is assisted by a new multi-discipline approach to land administration. This approach features: - Use of the land management paradigm to focus land administration functions and related land policies and land information infrastructures on sustainable development


Introduction: Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is middle ear and mastoid infection that causes hearing loss globally. Computed Tomography (CT)-Scan of the temporal bone is useful for assessing the pathogenesis of the disease and estimating the prognosis. In addition, evaluation of CT-Scan in patients with CSOM is useful for selecting the appropriate surgical procedure to minimize post-surgical complications. This study aims to assess the suitability of temporal CT-Scan interpretation to intraoperatif findings in CSOM patients. Methods: This is an observational study with cross-sectional design conducted at the dr. Zainoel Abidin General Hospital, Banda Aceh. The components of suitability evaluation include cholesteatoma, scutum erosion, ossicles, tegmen tympani, facial canal, posterior wall and sigmoid sinus wall. The interpretation suitability of temporal CT-Scan and intraoperatif findings was performed using the Kappa test. Results: A total of 18 CSOM patients were involved in this study with a mean age of 32.44 years and dominated by the safe type with a percentage of 55.6%. Interpretation of ossicular erosion based on temporal CT scan has very strong suitability with the intraoperatif findings with k=0.88 followed by posterior wall erosion (k=0.684), scutum erosion (k=0.679), tympanic tegmen erosion (k=0.455) and facial canal erosion (k=0.341). The findings of cholesteatoma and erosion of the sigmoid sinus wall had a very low suitability (k<0.001). Conclusion: Temporal CT scan in CSOM patients has relatively good suitability with intraoperatif findings in evaluating erosion of the ossicles, posterior wall, and scutum. Another examination modality is necessary to assess and improve the accuracy of disease pathogenesis.


An endoscope was used with a simulator to determine the treatment volume of high-dose-rate intraluminal brachytherapy (HDRIBT) for rectal cancer. This technique allowed immediate determination of the treatment volume for rectal cancer.


Ground state dimerisation and simultaneous photostudy of the monomer-dimer system in solution phase, particularly for planar (or near planar) molecules has drawn the attention of photochemists since mid of this century I. Benzene, anthracene, 7-azaindole (7AI), 1-azacarbazole (lAC) are among the various studied systems2-6. The proposed structure of the dimer depends on the system concerned. Thus, for benzene and anthracene, the dimer is a sandwich one (now a T-shaped or a distorted sandwich structure is preferred)3, while for 7AI or lAC an end-to-end doubly hydrogen-bonded dimer is generally accepted4-6. Excited state double proton transfer from the photoexcited dimer (as a consequence of the ground state dimerisation) has also been established for the latter compounds4-6.


As it is already known, the ionosphere is one of the most important source of errors that limits the capability of navigating with an GNSS receiver with errors of few centimeters, by means of solving the carrier phase integer ambiguities. There are techniques that neglect the error in the phase integer ambiguity resolution due to the ionosphere, as the RTK technique. But its range is bounded to baselines up to 10 20 Km, depending on the ionospheric activity. Therefore, in order to extend the RTK technique, the ionosphere has to be modeled very accurately in real-time in order to minimize its contribution to the positioning error, by allowing the right fixing of the integer ambiguities. In this work real-time ionospheric and geodetic models will be used to obtain the "super-truth" ionospheric differential delays between the reference stations at several distances. In this way, we will be able to determine the importance of the ionospheric error, and the performance of the navigation technique developed previously (Wide Area RTK), treating some additional fixed stations as rover. The study covers a long period, the whole year 2002, and a wide range of distances, from regional baselines in the ICC network (distances of 20 km and greater), that it is the limit of the classical RTK, to continental baselines in the European IGS network (up to 2500 km). The behavior of the ionosphere is studied, to characterize the sources of error (such as the existence of Travel Ionospheric Disturbances) that can seriously affect when the ionospheric corrections are interpolated to the users. In this way we will demonstrate during a period of one year that the subdecimetric navigation is feasible over long baselines, with a high degree of ambiguities resolved in real time.