Summary. The distribution, ecology and taxonomic history of bedstraw broomrape, Orobanche caryophyllacea Sm. are discussed with particular reference to the British Isles, and the species is described and illustrated. The use of species of Orobanche as horticultural subjects is briefly considered.


An interface for CE‐ESI‐MS that decouples both the electrical and the solution flow rate requirements of the separation and ionization processes is presented. The interface uses a tapered and beveled stainless steel hollow needle surrounding the separation capillary terminus so that the inside of the electrode acts as the CE outlet vial and the outside tip acts as the electrospray emitter. No capillary pre‐treatment is required, enabling the use of capillaries with any type of surface modification. A chemical modifier solution is introduced through a second capillary connected to the needle via a tee junction and can be used to improve the compatibility of the CE BGE with electrospray. The flow rate of modifier solution can be as low as 0.1 μL/min, much less than that in a typical sheath‐flow interface, thus minimizing dilution of the CE effluent in order to maximize sensitivity. The presence of the modifier solution also allows the use of neutral‐coated capillaries for protein analysis by CE‐MS without using an assisting pressure, despite the absence of EOF under these conditions. The interface is easily integrated into a commercial CE instrument, such that all operations can be carried out by the automated controls. Compared with a commercial sheath‐flow CE‐MS interface operating under optimized conditions, LODs for amino acids were, on average, improved fivefold.


A crowned Schiff base ligand and its cobalt(II) and manganese(III) complexes were synthesized and characterized, and the metallomicelles made from the complexes and micelles (Brij35, LSS, CTAB) were investigated to catalyze the hydrolysis of bis(4‐nitrophenyl) phosphate (BNPP). A kinetic mathematical model for simulating enzyme catalyzing reaction was proposed and employed to analyze the mechanism of BNPP catalytic hydrolysis. Michanelis constant and the apparent active energy for the catalytic reaction were calculated. The kinetic studies showed that the metallomicelle made from the micelle and crowned Schiff base transitional metal complexes is an effective mimetic hydrolytic enzyme for BNPP catalytic hydrolysis.


Illegal copying is the prerequisite for illegal sale. However, both are copyright infringement crimes for the purpose of illegal profit, therefore they should be regarded as a whole action. The determination of the damage caused by copyright infringement should be based not only upon the illegal income but also the level of damage of the market share of the copyright owner. The criminal law should protect the personal interests of the copyright owner and at the same time gives consideration to both state and personal interests.


Premixed combustors, which are being considered for low NOx engines, are susceptible to instabilities due to feedback between pressure perturbations and combustion. This feedback can cause damaging mechanical vibrations of the system as well as degrade the emissions characteristics and combustion efficiency. In a lean combustor instabilities can also lead to blowout. A model was developed to perform linear combustion-acoustic stability analysis using detailed chemical kinetic mechanisms. The Lewis Kinetics and Sensitivity Analysis Code, LSENS, was used to calculate the sensitivities of the heat release rate to perturbations in density and temperature. In the present work, an assumption was made that the mean flow velocity was small relative to the speed of sound. Results of this model showed the regions of growth of perturbations to be most sensitive to the reflectivity of the boundary when reflectivities were close to unity.


We investigated point mutational activation of the ras genes (K‐ras codons 12, 13 and 61; N‐ras codons 12, 13 and 61; H‐ras codons 12 and 61) in primary, resected lung cancer by dot blotting and oligonucleotide hybridization. K‐ras mutations were found in 14 (29%) of the 48 lung tumour specimens examined, but no N‐ras or H‐ras mutations were found. The highest frequency of K‐ras mutation was observed in adenocarcinoma: 12 of the 21 samples studied (57%) had a mutation, which is one of the highest frequencies reported for lung adenocarcinoma. The commonest type of mutation in these lung tumour samples consisted of transversions: we observed 11, of which 8 (57% of all mutations) were G to T transversions. Most of the 48 patients studied had a history of heavy smoking, either with or without evidence of occupational exposure to asbestos. Statistical analysis revealed‐in addition to the highly significant association between the adenocarcinoma type of lung cancer and K‐ras mutation‐a clear association of K‐ras mutations with heavy life‐time smoking (≥50 pack‐years of cigarette smoking; odds ratio (OR) 4.9, 90% CI 1.2 ‐ 19.5, multivariate analysis). In addition, occupational asbestos exposure showed an elevated, but non‐significant, OR of 2.2 (90% CI 0.6 ‐ 8.7) with the presence of K‐ras mutation. We conclude that the occurrence of K‐ras mutations in adenocarcinoma of the lung is frequent, and that such mutations are associated with heavy life‐time exposure to tobacco smoke, possibly in combination with occupational exposure to asbestos fibres.


Clinical blood analysis is one of the most widespread clinical-laboratory researches in medical practice. Blood index measurement is the routine part of the diagnostic examination. Manual methods have been used in haematology index measurement for decades. However over the last 15-20 years the technology and apparatus for automatic blood components analysis, and for blood functional properties analysis have been developed. In progressive countries the automatic blood analysis methods have ousted the manual and semi-automatic methods.


Section' 461(h), dealing with the treatment of liabilities by accrual-method taxpayers, was enacted in 1984, in response to the failure of the Internal Revenue Code to recognize time-value-of-money concepts in the tax laws. Prior to the enactment of § 461(h), an accrual-method taxpayer could take a current deduction for a future obligation as long as the "all events" test was satisfied. Furthermore, the amount of that deduction was equal to the entire amount of that future obligation. Because allowing a current deduction for the full amount of the future liability was considered too generous, Congress considered two approaches to mitigate the effect of the current full deduction: 1. a time-value-of-money approach that would limit the current deduction to the discounted present value of the future obligation, or 2. a deferral approach that would defer any deduction for a future obligation until economic performance has occurred.

Congress decided that the first alternative, the time-value of-money approach, would be too difficult to apply since an interest component would have to be taken into account.6 Congress instead selected the deferral approach, thereby eliminating the need to make present value calculations and, therefore, the need to select an appropriate discount rate. However, by selecting the deferral approach, Congress selected an approach which was inconsistent with other approaches to time-value-of money problems.'


Range finding based on the projected light method is superior as a highly reliable means of obtaining dense three-dimensional (3-D) information about scenes. The use of this method, however, demands the development of an accurate calibration method.

This paper proposes a method in which the optical system of the range finder is divided into the region surrounding the video camera and the region surrounding the light sources and rotational mirror, and calibration is by the method of least squares.

The optical system is modeled in three dimensions and includes geometrical parameters not taken into account in earlier methods such as the torsion of the rotational axis of the mirror. Therefore, this method can be used with the camera and the light source located in any positions. In addition, only a calibration board with a reference pattern is used as a jig. Therefore, highly reliable results are obtained easily because no components other than those of the range finder intervene. This calibration method was applied to the multilight-sources range finder developed by the authors to evaluate its accuracy and to verify its validity.


Transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV) channels are cellular sensors responding to changes in the temperature, mechanical stress and osmolarity. Isoform TRPV2 are Ca2+ permeable cation channels. The neuroanatomical localization and the physiological role of TRPV2 in the rodent brain is unknown. This study utilized immunohistochemistry combined with confocal microscopy to identify the distribution of TRPV2 in rat brain. In the forebrain, TRPV2 immunoreactive (IR) neurons were most robustly expressed in the supraoptic nucleus (SON). IR neurons were observed in the magnocellular neurosecretory cells (MNC) of the paraventricular nucleus (PVN), median preoptic nucleus, and the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus, medial forebrain bundle, retrochiasmatic area, the cingulate gyrus, globus pallidus and the caudate putamen. The hindbrain showed most robust immunostaining in nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS), hypoglossal nucleus and rostroventrolateral nucleus. TRPV2 co‐localized with the vasopressin (AVP) in MNCs in SON and PVN. Also, TRPV2 was co‐localized with dopamine beta‐hydroxylase in the NTS, suggesting a homeostatic regulatory role played by TRPV2. Our data indicate that TRPV2 is expressed in brain regions involved in body fluid balance and autonomic control. R01 HL062579.


voluntarist notion of obligation; that law obligates for the same reason that any law does. The Reasonaibleness reaffirms that "without a clear knowledge and acknowledgement of the lawmaker, and the great rewards and punishments for those that would or would not obey him," we cannot know that we are obligated. Without a complete and full demonstration of the laws of nature this obligation cannot be seen. What Locke says in 1695 in the Reasonableness is that no one had, before Christ's coming, given mankind the law of nature in all its parts. From the fact that no one had produced the true and complete morality by deductions of reason, Locke does not conclude that there was no such law. "It is true, there is a law of nature" (Reasonableness in Works (1823), VII, 142). The law of nature is God's law, and Jesus Christ has given us that law in the New Testament (p. 143). In talking of Adam's fall, Locke identifies the law of nature (or of reason) with God's law (pp. 11, 13, 15). He speaks throughout of God's eternal moral law or of the eternal law of right (pp. 112, 115, 133), of Christ confirming the moral law (pp. 122, 125), and of the light of nature revealing parts of that law (pp. 130, 133). This law of nature can be discovered either through reason or through revelation. Reasonableness opts for revelation. What Christ revealed by way of explicit laws (cf. especially Reasonableness, pp. 135-144) were moral, not civil laws. Even recognizing Locke's firm conviction in moral laws as laws of nature, Abrams' link between morality and civil polity needs, I think, modification. The areas are not unrelated, but Locke always seems to recognize that there are details necessary for civil life which are not covered by moral laws, which society itself, through the magistrate or the legislature, must regulate. The controls on what can be done by the civil polity are found in the goals of society, i.e., peace, welfare, and protection of property. Locke's early thought does not differ from his later thought on this matter. Two Tracts on Government and Abrams' thoughtful commentary will enable readers to examine Locke's political thought for development, to sample another polemical piece by Locke, and to see the way in which Locke's comments on a specific political issue of his day led him into substantive and theoretical questions. JOHN W. YOm~N


Business Intelligence is the new development of Decision Support System.This paper discusses the techniques of business intelligence, such as DataWarehouse ,OLAP, Data Mining.Taking the Small Message Analysis System for example ,it especially focuses on the Application of BI in the Mobile industry.


nuns rarely appear as donors. Buddhist nuns often identify themselves via their kinship relations, whereas the Jaina nuns are never identified in this manner. Buddhist nuns appear as donors in the inscriptions of central India, the Deccan and south India, but are completely absent in the inscriptions of the north-west. Most of the lay women of Jaina inscriptions identify themselves as daughters and daughters-in-law, while very few women of the Buddhist donative records do the


OF THE DISCLOSURE A method for localizing signals of interest includes initializing characteristics of the signals. Signals are acquired from a sensor array having at least three acoustic sensors. After digitization and conditioning, the signals associated with each sensor are validated by comparison with initialized characteristics. The signals are correlated across sensor groups to obtain time differences of arrival (TDOA). These TDOA are validated and associated with other TDOA from different times. TDOA from different sensor pairs are associated when they share a common sensor. A hyperbola of possible locations is created for each validated TDOA. Summation of the hyperbolas gives an intensity function. The location is identified as the most intense point in the intensity function. The source can be tracked across time as a computer output. Jt1 "J2-~ .lb tO/. FIG. 1 (PRIOR ART) V\/'V'VV'\/\./\/ INITIALIZE ACQUIRE SIGNALS CORRELATE SIGNALS WITH REPLICA PERFORM FOURIER TRANSFORM FIND PEAKS IN TIME DOMAIN . ELIMINATE CLICKS OUTSIDE PARAMETERS DEVELOP 1ST ORDER CLICK MAP (SCM1) · WINDOW SCM1 TO GETWSCM1 32 34 36


The "ecology" of means should not be conceived as a kind of environment that surrounds us and of which we are the "center", but as a system of production, circulation and consumption which are individuals, as consumers and (re) feeders of the system, which form the "environment". An ecological approach of traditional media (radio, film and television) introduces public consumers and the environment, and not the other (who uses whom?). An environment, a market through consumption practices fed to media system. On the other hand, in digital systems, we are all part of it, no external environment, and every act of consumption is also an act of circulation and production. For the profound impact of a technical device (whether hard or soft ) we investigate multiple interconnected and interactive dimensions within the environment in which it operates: power, resistance, time and space, sociality, languages, symbols.


CHP system with Energy saving, environmental protection, economic and other characteristics,have good prospects for the development and application value.This paper directe a micro grid system consisted by photovoltaic cells, wind turbines, fuel cells, microturbines, auxiliary boilers, thermal energy storage systems and batteries and heat load and electrical load.Considering various distributed power generation costs, environmental costs and micro-grid equipment maintenance costs,To meet the constraints of micro-grid operation, optimization of the different micro-grid distributed power and energy storage system power output, make the system's total operating costs are minimized.This paper analyzes the economic and environmental of micro-grid optimal operation characteristics, given a model of CHP micro-grid.For the cost of power generation and emissions of different weights, using bacterial foraging optimization(BFO) algorithm,through a numerical example verified the Correctness and effectiveness of mathematical model and optimization algorithm .


Family empowerment is an important way to manage nutritional problems. Health education is needed to change behavior that can lead to improving the nutritional health of mothers and their children. The study aimed to determine the influence of health education on Clean and Healthy Life Behavior (PHBS) In Household and Family Roles of Nutrition. This was a quasi experiment with pretest-postest non equivalent control group design. This study recruited the respondents using a purposive sampling method. Sample size was 50 mothers who had under five year children with stunting in Jakarta. 50 mothers were divided into intervention and control group. The data were analyzed using wilxcoxon and chi square. The wilxcoxon test results showed that there were significant difference between Clean and Healthy Life Behavior (PHBS) In Household (p = 0,003) and Family Roles of Nutrition (p = 0,001) before and after intervention. Thus health education may improve behavior of clean and healthy life in household and family roles of nutrition.


Perhaps what we are looking for is relation, relation as a mode of existence that whitesupremacist capitalist patriarchy, relation as a mode of existence that Western thought —theological, philosophical, historical, ethical—attempts to dispense with, to discard, to destroy as its foundational project. Perhaps relation is all that we is and all that we have and can be, and more. The more is the fact of relation as the grounds for existence otherwise, existence in the flesh, against the process of making individual citizens of subjects, for the proliferation of an ethnocentrism that has been scaled to the measure of the global. The more is the fact that something exceeds the bounds and enclosures of Western categories of and strategies for doctrinal, theological, and moral containments. What I mean to say is that Judith Casselberry's The Labor of Faith: Gender and Power in Black Apostolic Pentecostalism made me think deeply, let me clarify some ideas I'd been working on and through but that lacked precision of language to express. Everyone should read this text, one that takes seriously my heart and my joy, the practices of Blackpentecostal women, their making worlds otherwise than the normative. It is clear that Casselberry practiced relation with the women from True Deliverance Church whom she discusses, and it is clear because they practiced relation with her, they practiced an openness and vulnerability and joy and sorrow with her. There is so much care in the text because, it seems to me at least, the work was a different kind of labor, not contained by the strategies and categories of academic rigor and intellection but that could only have emerged from practicing witness, practicing abiding with others, as the grounds from which life happens. This is care work, this is the labor of care as faith that does not belong to, that is not the private property of, religiosity and doctrines and creeds. What Casselberry discovered is that the possibility for relation exists and persists even against doctrinal and theological difference and dissidence, that there is something that exceeds the enclosures of these categories. Categories of difference only interdict the flourishing of relation and the possibility of sociality. Casselberry discovered this with these black apostolic women. She found it in Sister Louise Franklin's house: how Casselberry arrived at her home, exchanged hugs and greetings of "Praise Him"; how Mother Morris handed the broom to Casselberry to sweep the stairs and carpets; how Mother Reeves sang "Thank you,


The title compound was isolated from the treatment of Tp*Sn(Cl)2Bu (1) with a large excess of sodium hydroxide in a mixture of acetone-water at room temperature. [(Me2CO)3(NaTp*)2] (2) crystallizes at 4 °C as prismatic colorless crystals, in the monoclinic space group P21/c with Z = 4, a = 12.2837(6), b = 24.3197(12), c = 16.9547(8) Å, β = 110.017(1)°, and V = 4759.0(4) Å3. The X-ray crystallographic analysis revealed a dinuclear unit in which two Tp*Na moieties are held together by three bridging acetone molecules acting as oxygen-based donors. Graphical Abstract A Novel Alkali-Metal Hydrido-tris(pyrazolyl)borate (Tp*) Complex. Isolation and Crystal Structure of [(Me2CO)3(NaTp*)2]


Abstract : Protein polycondensates were prepared from rabbit anti-vaccinia gamma globulin by means of fluoro-borate complex of bis-diasonium from benzidien. The resulting suspensions of immonosorbents were capable of adsorbing vaccinia virus on their surfaces. The virus was detected as elementary bodies or aggregates thereof by the fluorescent antibody technique. The proposed method of virus detection on sorbents may have practical application since it may be used for concentration of virus from large volumes of diluted virus-containing fluids. (Author)


The dynamic behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) beams strengthened with externally bonded composite materials is analytically investigated. The analytical model is based on dynamic equilibrium, compatibility of deformations between the structural components (RC beam, adhesive, composite material) and the concept of the high order approach. The equations of motion along with the boundary and continuity conditions are derived using Hamilton's variational principle and the kinematic relations of small deformations. The mathematical formulation also includes the constitutive laws that are based on beam and lamination theories, and the two-dimensional elasticity representation of the adhesive layer including the closed form solution of its stress and displacement fields. The Newmark time integration method, which is directly applied to the resulting set of coupled partial differential equations, is adopted. This procedure yields a set of ordinary differential equations, which are analytically or numerically s...


In Fairclough, A. J. (Ed.), Sustainable agriculture solutions: The action report of the Sustainable Agriculture Initiative. London, UK: Novello Press Ltd.


This paper introuduces the testing methods about deflection quality Σ m of winding system,and analyses the reasons engendering the testing error,then puts forward the methods to improve the testing precision.


Present and potential petroleum development in Alaska is directly related to public-policy issues. The Prudhoe Bay oil discovery signaled the need for determination of a transportation route to market. Pipeline location became a function of political boundaries, with an all-American route preferred. Actual pipeline construction was dependent on settlement of land claims with Alaska's indigenous peoples and the development of environmental safeguards. However, implicit in the U.S. Congressional decision to build the pipeline was acceptance that expanded human activity would impinge on northern Alaska's pristine wilderness and that there was probable risk of environmental damage. Another major public-policy decision was to allow construction of a pipeline for Prudhoe Bay natural gas. The problem that remains is uncertain economics; thus no Alaskan construction has occurred to date. Public policy also was advanced in windfall-profit taxation, and towards exploration and development of new petroleum areas. Each policy has generated conflict between state and federal governments and private groups, but overall public-policy decisions and related judicial actions continue to favor a development stance. This is likely to persist as long as U.S. national attention is drawn to the uncertainty of foreign sources for petroleum. Key words: Alaska, petroleum, public policy


The influence of operating parameters on drilling rate of penetration at hole boring by hardened diamond rock-breaking tool has been studied. Optimal combination of axial load on rock-breaking tool and its rotation frequency providing maximum drilling velocity was determined. The technique of determining reduction coefficients for setting rational values of axial load to the hardened rock-breaking tool was developed.


The purpose of this research was to compare assessments of maturity in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) using growing degree days to maturity based on visual head color and percent grain moisture. Twelve barley cultivars were evaluated for 3 yr at Palmer, Alaska, using three harvest dates. Phenotypic and environmental correlation coefficients between growing degree days to maturity and grain moisture at harvest were high, and tended to be highest at earlier harvest dates. Key words: Barley, early maturity, selection


Zero harm and sustainability: Is it an impossible dream or a realistic goal? For Sasol, the journey towards zero harm and sustainability in Safety, Health and Environment (SHE) has become a realistic goal through self-examination, diagnosing the problem areas and finding ways to implement and improve their risk-based SHE practices.   This article describes the Sasol-developed SHE maturity assessment tool and tells the story of how the tool has been developed. The One Sasol SHE Maturity Assessment will assist leadership teams and SHE teams to drive continuous improvement towards zero harm and sustainability through assessing the level of maturity of the team's SHE performance and resilient SHE practices and through the identification of the correct SHE improvement focus areas.  Corporate organisations have an obligation of ensuring that employees and contractors are working responsible, safe and staying healthy while protecting the environment they work in. If resilient SHE practices are implemented and embedded in the business, all employees can go home safe and healthy every day while the business protect the environment and sustain excellent SHE results being zero harm and sustainability.


In a hydronic heating/cooling system, liquid is led along a main supply pipe (1) to a supply manifold (2) and distributed into heating loops (3). The heating loops (3) return to a return manifold (4). At least one of the manifolds (2, 4) has actuators (6) for controlling the flow in the heating loops (3). Actuators with fast operating times are used and valves of the actuators are controlled to close at different times in different heating loops (3).


Today, climate services are one of the most important tools for determining changes and
adapting to climate change. In order to expand the existing climate information, members of the WMO
and partner institutions from the United Nations Organization established a programme of a Global
Framework for Climate Services-GFCS. In Poland, the principal and the parent institution engaged in
meteorological and hydrological service is the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management -
National Research Institute. Conducted in the IMWM-NRI National Hydrological and Meteorological
Service includes the following subsystems: observation and measurement, ICT and communications,
data processing, forecasting and warning. The institute continuously provides information to the state
authorities and the public about the current state of the atmosphere and hydrosphere, as well as
forecasts and warnings.


The invention discloses aquilegia tissue culture medium which comprises adventitious bud inductive culture medium, multiplication culture medium and rooting culture medium. The invention also discloses a rapid reproduction method of aquilegia. The method comprises the following steps: cutting the young stem apex of the sterile aquilegia as an explant; inoculating the explant on the adventitious bud inductive culture medium in aseptic condition; after 20 days of culture, inducing adventitious bud, and continuing the culture for 10 days; cutting the adventitious bud in aseptic condition, inoculating the adventitious bud on the multiplication culture medium and culturing for 30 days; transferring the adventitious bud after the multiplication culture on the rooting culture medium in aseptic condition, and culturing for 20 days to obtain the aquilegia tissue culture seedling; when the tissue culture seedling is as high as 2-3 cm, opening bottle to acclimatize the seedling for 3-5 days; andtransplanting the seedling into the culture medium of sand and turf to obtain the regeneration plant of aquilegia. The transplanting survival rate of the tissue culture seedling produced by adopting the culture medium and method disclosed by the invention reaches 100%, and the tissue culture seedling of aquilegia can bloom in the same year.


This study was conducted to clarify the characteristics of estrus-related vocalization of sows after artificial insemination. Vocalization of sows in artificial insemination day, and 3 days and 50 days after artificial insemination, were recorded 3 hours per day from September 2006 to March 2007 using the MD Recorder(Marantz PMD-650) and microphone(RF Condesner MIC, MKH 416P48). The shapes of spectrum and spectrogram of vocalization were different in each period after artificial insemination. There were significant differences in frequency and intensity, but not in duration of vocalization. The fact that signal may give a reliable indication of the signaller's needs has suggested that in some circumstances they can provide information on animal welfare.


The red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii, native to northeastern Mexico and southcentral USA, is today the dominant macroinvertebrate in several European countries. While the first introduction of this species into Spain is well-documented, little is known about its pathways of invasion and the reason for its rapid spread in several European countries. Study of the biology of the species has revealed a number of properties that makes this crayfish a successful invader. Procambarus clarkii exhibits properties characteristic of an r-selected species, including early maturity at small body size, rapid growth rates, large numbers of offspring at a given parental size, and relatively short life spans. It is also plastic in its life cycle, able to disperse widely in the habitat and to tolerate environmental extremes. It displays generalist and opportunistic feeding habits, consuming macrophytes and preying on amphibians. Procambarus clarkii can also replace indigenous crayfish by a combination of mechanisms, including competitive exclusion and transmission of the fungus-like Aphanomyces astaci, responsible for the crayfish plague. Finally, this species shows a wide behavioral flexibility when coping with new types of predators. The results of these studies, combined with the increasing information available in the scientific literature on this and other crayfish species, will help us understand invasions in this taxon and make predictions about the identity of future crayfish invaders.


We present an ab-initio study of the structural and electronic properties of the Ca-Zn glasses based on pseudopotential-derived interatomic forces, molecular-dynamics simulations of the atomic structure, and linearized-muffin-tin-orbital supercell-calculations of the electronic density of states


Consolidating existing assembly language features, this proposed standard establishes assembly language conventions for present and future microprocessors. It is, offered here for public comment before submission to the IEEE Standards Board.


ABSTRACT Here, La-doped Bi1–xLaxFeO3 and Mn-doped BiFe1–yMnyO3 (x, y = 0.1, 0.2, 0.3) nanoparticles were synthesized by a sol–gel process. For Bi1–xLaxFeO3, structural analysis suggested that its structure changed from rhombohedral to tetragonal phase without secondary phase when x increased from 0 to 0.3. In addition, with the increasing doping concentration of La, transmission electron microscopy exhibited the doped nanoparticle size reduced, while the magnetic properties were correspondingly enhanced. However, for synthesis of BiFe1–yMnyO3, phase analysis showed that there easily existed secondary phase for nanoparticles with 10% and 30% Mn-doped, while 20% Mn-doped nanoparticles indicated high crystallinity without any impure phases. Similarly, we observed the enhanced magnetic properties with the increase of Mn concentration.


With China's entry to WTO, new and high demands in the modes of human resources are needed. We should a-bandon the traditional modes and stress on fostering the creative spirit and ability of the students. We should strengthen originating education demanded by the times. We should foster the students' ability to adapt to the international situations.


The book starts with a description of the Babylonian economy on the eve of the Macedonian conquest, and then discusses a number of major issues: I. The direct consequences of the Macedonian conquest (331 – 305 BC); II. The Seleucid empire and the question whether it can be considered a new "oriental" empire or rather something new (305-187 BC); III. The economy of the Babylonian sanctuaries (3rd century BC); IV. Discussion of the character of the Babylonian economy: open market economy or not? The chapters find a general conclusion at the end, which is in fact a kind of summary. The book also contains seven very valuable and informative appendices on money and prices, a bibliography, an Akkadian glossary and various indices. Three issues are discussed in the review: 'continuity and change', 'money and currency', 'political developments in Seleucid cities. Babylon a polis'.


The State of Israel determined by legislation that matters of personal status including marriage and divorce are subject to personal law, namely religious law. Since the applicable law is personal and not territorial, it varies from person to person and is not uniform as under civil law. This simply means that Israel has no separation of religion and state in matters of divorce and marriage. Religion is the only determining factor in these matters. Thus, marriages prohibited by religious law do not take place in Israel. This is true for all four major religions in Israel: Christianity, Islam, the Druze religion, and Judaism. The discussion of same-sex couples under Israeli law should have ended here: marriage and even sexual relations between same-sex partners are prohibited by the four religions in Israel. Therefore, they have no place in a state in which religious law prevails in matters of status.However, the Israeli courts have more of a civil orientation than a religious one and look for ways to bridge the gap between religious law and reality as they understand it. In some cases, they have recognized the status of same-sex couples. The change started by providing material economic rights such as the right to a benefit given to an employee's spouse by an employer, mutual inheritance rights, and more. The courts did not stop there, but continued granting rights both on the public level and in matters of legal status. For example, same-sex couples can now be registered as a married couple in the Registry Office if they were married overseas, and they can adopt children just as heterosexual couples can. Some argue that today there is no longer any meaning to the law which states that marriage shall be determined only by the personal religious law of each individual. The decisions made in these matters are sharply disputed and reflect the constant prevailing tensions regarding Israel not only as a Jewish state but also as a democratic state. Although the Basic Laws stipulate that Israel is both, in practice these values conflict and often collide. This tension is clearly reflected in and may be analyzed through the issue of same-sex couples.


The authors of works [, ] published in Quantum Electronics assert that the rate equation for photon density with a term taking into account the contribution of spontaneous emission to the laser mode is erroneous (i.e., the spontaneous term should be excluded from consideration) and criticise works [, ]. In the present work, we analyse previously published papers and show that the necessity of taking into account the contribution of spontaneous emission to the laser mode follows from the quantum-mechanical rate equation for semiconductor lasers. The results obtained in [, ] are analysed.


The volatile flavour components from cold-pressed peel oils (CPOs) of three varieties of Korean satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marcov. var. Miyamoto; C. unshiu Marcov. var. Miyagawa-wase; and C. unshiu Marcov. var. Aoshima) were analysed by GC, GC–MS and GC–olfactometry (GC–O). One hundred and sixteen volatile components were identified in this study by instrumental analyses, and 51 components were detected by sniffing test using GC–O. Limonene (82.8–89.2%) was the most abundant component in these samples, followed by γ-terpinene (4.2–5.1%) and myrcene (1.7%). β-Caryophyllene was the principal sesquiterpene hydrocarbon, its content in C. unshiu Marcov. var. Miyamoto being higher than in other varieties. The CPOs of the three satsuma mandarin varieties can easily be distinguished by the percentages of aldehydes, alcohols, ketones, esters and oxides. The sweet and fruity flavour was stronger in C. unshiu Marcov. var. Miyamoto, while the herbaceous flavour was stronger in C. unshiu Marcov. var. Miygawa-wase and var. Aoshima. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Flight safety, data quality and flight efficiency form the basis of filed surveys of airborne geophysical prospecting. Focused on these elements and combining with the experience of survey flights of the Y-12 Airborne Geophysical (Electric/Magnetic/Radioactive) Integrated System, some important issues are comprehensively analyzed and summarized in this paper in order to provide a reference for geophysical prospecting workers. The discussed aspects include the preliminary work of flight survey, the design and the implementation of a flight plan and the related components of flight survey. For airborne geophysical work, a good flight plan can improve flight efficiency and save the flight cost. Altitude is not only the lifeline of flight safety, but also the lifeline of airborne geophysical data quality. No flight safety, all production work is out of the question, no data quality, all production work is in vain. Therefore, it is required that under the premise that security is guaranteed, the flight height should be lowered as much as possible. Practice has proved that these issues are very important for the successful implementation of survey flights and deserve much attention and study.


Several stable metallaalkenes ^M=C'and metallaphosphenes -M=P(M : Ge, Sn) have been synthesized since 1985, mainly by reaction of tert-butyllithium with halogenometallaalkanes or halogenometallaphosphines. Some examples of their high reactivity, particularly toward protic reagents and carbonyl compounds (aldehydes, ketones, α,β-ethylenic aldehydes), as well as their thermolysis and dimerization, are described, and compared to the chemical behaviour of other doubly-bonded main group elements. The syntheses of new types of multiply-bonded species are discussed.


The aim of this study was to find out whether human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infection and antiretroviral drugs influence multidrug-resistant (MDR)-tuberculosis (TB) treatment outcomes. The study compares MDR-TB treatment outcomes between HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients. It involved patients admitted for treatment of MDR-TB between 1 January 2004 and 31 December 2006. From 363 patients selected, 268 (177 males and 91 females) had MDR-TB and 95 patients (59 males and 36 females) were co-infected with HIV. Children in the HIV-negative group were 41 and 7 in the HIV-positive group. The HIV-infection was treated with Stavudine, Lamivudine and Efavirenz in 54 patients. Kanamycin, Ethionamide, Ofloxacin, Terizidone, Pyrazinamide and Ethambutol were used for MDR-TB treatment. In HIV-negative and HIV-positive patients MDR-TB treatment outcomes  were, respectively as follows: 37 and 35% cure, 9 and 5% treatment failure, 20 and 25% lost to follow up, 11 and 17% mortality, 19 and 13% treatment completed, 6 and 5% transfer-out. The cure rate was 100% in children. In HIV-positive patients, MDR-TB cure rate was 35% in patients on ARVs and 34% in patients not receiving ARVs. The difference between these cure rates is not statistically significant (p-value = 0.79). The median (range) duration of ART before the start of MDR-TB treatment was 10.5 (1 to 60) months and did not influence MDR-TB treatment outcomes. In children, the full treatment was supervised in hospital. This could explain the 100% cure rate. Adults' treatment was supervised in hospital only during the intensive phase then followed up as out patients over 18 months. According to the results of this study, HIV-infection and antiretroviral therapy did not influence MDR-TB treatment outcomes.

 Key words: Treatment outcomes, human immunodeficiency virus, multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, antiretroviral agents.


The purpose of this study was to study the effectiveness of Response to Intervention strategies as they pertain to students' scores on the Northwestern Evaluation Association (NWEA) test. This study sought to answer the following questions: 1) What are the different tiers of a three-tier RTI model? 2) Is one tier more effective than the others? 3) How does participation in the RTI model affect scores on the NWEA? and 4) What is the long-term effectiveness of participation in RTI, after services have been discontinued? This was a study conducted over four years in a select elementary school; the subjects were students identified as having reading difficulties by their previous NWEA scores. Students who participated in RTI were tracked and evaluated by their subsequent NWEA scores over the course of the study. Most students made improvements during their participation in RTI and continued to improve after services had been discontinued.


Background: Left ventricular (LV) pressure overload causes LV hypertrophy (LVH), which leads to reduced relaxation and compliance and may result in heat failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). LV strain rate (SR) during isovolumic relaxation (SR-IVR) by 2-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2D-STE) was reported as a good index of the time constant of pressure decline. However, heart mechanics in multiple dimensions seem to be best represented by 3D-STE. Thus, we developed novel 3D-STE with high volume rates to measure global myocardial SR and examine diastolic function. Methods: HTN patients with preserved EF>50% (age 69±7) were divided into 5 groups (A: normal geometry, n=25; B: concentric remodeling, n=20; C: concentric LVH, n=24; D: eccentric LVH, n=21; and E: HFpEF, n=17). We measured SR-IVR as an index of LV relaxation and strain by novel 3D-STE in HTN patients and control (n=60, age 69±9). Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) was estimated as 10.7 - 12.4 x log [left atrial (LA) active emptying function / minimum LA volume], as we previously reported. LV diastolic stress (DS) was calculated as radius x PCWP / thickness. We estimated LV stiffness as DS / radial strain. Results: LV mass increased in HTN with LVH and HFpEF compared with controls. LV radial SR-IVR in HTN decreased even in normal geometry compared with controls (controls: -0.95±0.56; A: -0.66±0.44*; B: -0.65±0.32*; C: -0.52±0.34*; D: -0.47±0.35*; and E: -0.34±0.23S-1*, *p Conclusions: LV relaxation assessed by global SR-IVR was impaired even in normal geometry despite no reduction in LVEF and no elevation of E/e', and further reduced in HFpEF. LV stiffness and PCWP were increased in HTN with LVH and those were further increased in HFpEF. LV diastolic function can be noninvasively evaluated using novel one-beat 3D-STE with high volume rates (66±5 vps).


Intellectual property, clearly, is a major component for competitive advantage in the 21st century. We can see many industries where IPR played important roles for competitive advantage in the past. However, the Japanese electronics industry lost its leadership in the DRAM and DVD business, despite the fact that it had strong technology superiority in terms of IPR. This suggests that recognition of IPR importance is not sufficient. This paper deals with patents which are important components of intellectual property; specifically this paper tries to visualize the competitive advantage of technology utilizing the two-dimensional framework of IPR exclusiveness and product life cycle.


Present study deals with the determination of crop irrigation requirement of major cultivated crops in Balangir district, Odisha, India. The main crops include Paddy, Pulses, Cotton, Sesame, Groundnut and Mango. The irrigation water requirements and scheme water supply for each crop in the district were determined by using CROPWAT 8.0 model. Reference evapotranspiration was calculated using Food and Agriculture Organization-Penman Montieth equation. The effective rainfall was calculated using USDA S.C. method. Modelling results showed that actual irrigated area in the district is 17794 km2 and net irrigation demand for the actual irrigated area is 0.9 BCM. This study might be useful to prevent over or under irrigation and planning water management strategies in the district.


Abstract:Analysis of the physical form and geographic distribution of deme theaters in Attica demonstrates their multiplicity of functions during the Classical period. A pattern of one theatral area per trittys per phyle is identified, pointing to the use of the trittyes as nodes of communication within the broader framework of Athenian society and democratic organization. The author argues that the multifunctional nature of the theaters is integrally linked to their relationship with the trittyes, and posits that the theatral areas facilitated both deme and trittyes gatherings. The precise role of the trittyes in organizational and administrative functions is further considered.


Localization is a fundamental problem in robotics. The robot possesses line-of-sight sensors, a compass, and a map of its polygonal environment; it must determine its location at a minimum cost of travel distance. Localization is NP-hard [3], even to minimize within a c log n factor [15], where n is the number of polygon vertices. No approximation algorithm for the problem has been known. We give a strongly polynomial time O(log n log r)-factor approximation algorithm, where r is the number of reflex vertices. Technical features of the algorithm include a new edge-visibility based partition decomposition of the plane, and the idea of repeatedly planning travel on a "majority-rule" map, which permits a plan to be a route rather than a decision tree.


The aim of this work is to develop an approach to isolate the data interval for statistical forecasting from the time series of dynamics of new cases of coronavirus infection in the Yugra of the number of COVID-19 infected in the spring-summer of 2020.


A poster demonstrating the work that has been done in Navier laboratory on crowd modeling and crowd-structure interaction since 2008.


It is important that vocational education be kept current with the needs of employers in relevant labor markets. This stuck/ examines the implications for vocational technical institutes in Maine of changes in the pulp and paper industry, one of the State's largest and best employers. The study shows that there are many job changes occuring in the industry (new jobs or changes in existing jobs) as a result of legislative and technological developments. Most of the job changes have little implication for VII education since the changed occupations call for fewer skills or new skills which can best be met by the employer through on the job training or other similar devices. Instrument technician or repairman is an exception. This well-paid, high status occupation is the keystone of many of the new technological developments and the job is calling more and more for skills and knowledge, much of which probably can be most efficiently taught by WI's. Whether this will result in a larger demand for VII graduates trained in instrumentation is only problematic since this would entail a significant change in the structure of the labor market in most paper firms. Present methods of developing needed skills are reviewed and recommendations are made for a wider role by vocational education.


The volume and the timing of sediment supply from a source point into a torrent are the essential parameters governing the sediment movement in the watershed. However, it is very difficult to measure them directly. Wash load may be used as an index indicating indirectly both of the volume and the timing because the occurrence of wash load is closely related to sediment movement. In this paper, we have studied this point from the field observation. We have introduced a monitoring system of sediment movement in an experimental watershed. The video camera system is recording the erosion process of the deposit and the sediment transportation in the headwater area. The turbidity meter and the flowmeter have been installed at the about 1000 m downstream of the video camera site. The observation result has shown that the situation of sediment movement can be inferred from the data of turbidity and water discharge.


Remote sensing of the Earth is mainly carried out in the visible region of the spectrum, which corresponds to the current level of development of high-precision onboard instruments for Earth remote sensing. At the same time, methods and equipment for sensing in the radio- and infrared ranges of the electromagnetic spectrum are widely used and developed at a faster pace. The frequency of data acquisition ranges from once per month to once per minute, the spatial resolution ranges from kilometer to centimeter scales, and the electromagnetic spectrum covers wavebands ranging from visible light to microwave wavelengths. The efficiency of Earth remote sensing information delivery to consumers is considered under different variants of satellite-repeater network construction, taking into account the characteristics of existing and prospective high-speed radio lines of spacecrafts.


Camargo Junior, F. B. Development of cosmetic formulations containing panthenol and evaluation of their hydration effects on human skin by using Skin Bioengineering Techniques. 2006, 152 p. Dissertação (Mestrado) – Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto. Vitamins have been extensively used in cosmetic formulations and panthenol, which is vitamin that is a normal constituent of the skin and has humectants and wound healing effects, has large application in this category of products. Due to the importance of the conduction of studies that contribute to the assessment of the influences of the vitamins on the physical stability of dermocosmetic formulations, as well as the necessity of scientific studies that confirm their benefits, the aim of this research was to develop cosmetic formulations containing panthenol in different concentrations and also to evaluate their physical stability and their efficacy in the skin hydration and viscoelastic properties. For this purpose, eight formulations were developed, three gels containing hydrophilic polymers (formulations 1, 2 e 3), other three cream gels containing hydrophilic polymers and silicone microemulsion (formulations 4, 5 e 6) and finally two emulsions, one containing batyl alcohol and lecithin (formulation 7) and the other one containing shea butter and carbomer (formulation 8). These formulations were supplemented or not with 0,5; 1,0 e 5,0% of panthenol and submitted to preliminary stability tests. The physical stability of formulations was evaluated by determination of the viscosity and rheological behavior. After this, stable formulations were submitted to a previous sensorial analysis. The formulation efficacy was evaluated using the following non-invasive methodologies (Skin Bioengineering Techniques) determination of hydration of the stratum corneum, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), skin viscoelasticity and biological elasticity. In order to evaluate the immediate effects, the formulations were applied to the forearm of 20 volunteers and the measurements were carried out after 1 and 2 hours of a single application. In addition, for the evaluation of long-term effects of the formulations, the same parameters were measured after 15 and 30 days of daily application to the forearm of 40 volunteers. In the experimental conditions of the study, it was possible to conclude that the formulations 2, 5, 6 and 7 were considered stable. Moreover, formulation 6, according to the volunteers, showed the best sensorial attributes, and for this reason, was selected for the efficacy study of the panthenol on human skin. The study of the immediate effects showed that all the formulations enhanced the stratum corneum water content values after 1 hour of the application. However after 2 hours, only the formulation supplemented with 5% of panthenol produced significant increase in this parameter. In addition, the study showed that only the formulations supplemented with panthenol produced a significant decrease in TEWL, protecting skin barrier function. Nevertheless, no significant alterations were observed in the skin viscoelastic properties. Concerning the study of the long-term effects, all the formulations supplemented or not with panthenol produced a significant increase in skin hydration after 15 and 30 days of daily formulation application, when compared with the baseline values. No significant alterations were observed in skin viscoelasticity and biological elasticity properties in the long term studies. The evaluation of the TEWL showed that only the formulations supplemented with 1 and 5% of panthenol improved the skin barrier function, resulting in a significant decrease in this parameter after 15 and 30 of daily application of these formulations, which can suggest that to present significant long-term effects on skin barrier function, the formulation under study must be supplemented with higher concentrations of panthenol, such as 1 or 5%. Key-words: Panthenol, Physical stability, Skin Bioengineering Techniques, Cosmetics.


The feed interaction of wideband slot antennas is analyzed using finite‐element method optimizations. The achievable bandwidth with bow‐tie feed is around 115% (more than 2:1) for VSWR ≤ 2 and a similar configuration could achieve a bandwidth of 45% for VSWR ≤ 2 with radial stub feed. The effect of feeding mechanisms on the dimensions of the slots is discussed. A comparison of measured results for various feed configurations is presented. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 40: 77–79, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.11289


We propose an efficient channel estimation technique for orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) systems with transmitter diversity. The proposed technique estimates uniquely all channel frequency responses needed in space-time coded OFDM systems using "comb-type" training symbols. The computational complexity of the proposed technique is reduced dramatically, compared with the previous minimum mean-squared error (MMSE) technique, due to the all the processing being done in the frequency-domain. Also, several other techniques for mitigating the random noise effect and tracking channel variation are discussed to further improve the performance of the proposed approach. The performances of the proposed approach are demonstrated by computer simulation for mobile wireless channels.


Background: Oral decontamination recommendations/guidelines have exploded during the COVID-19 pandemic for the contemporary dental practice, due to SARS-CoV-2 relative high presence in saliva and the possibility of risk contagion through its aerosolization. However, such guidelines are mostly based on research carried out for other diseases caused by different viruses and/or bacteria, low-level evidence publications, and/or anecdotal information. Purpose: To review the biological basis for the use of oral antiseptics to decrease viral load in saliva as a plausible mechanism for reducing SARS-CoV-2 transmission risk, including other aspects such as pathogenesis, angiotensin converting enzyme 2 expression in the oral cavity, aerosolization, and oral antiseptics potential mechanistic virucidal properties. Results: Our group could only identify a limited number of reports evaluating specific direct effects of commonly used oral antiseptics (Hydrogen Peroxide, Povidone-Iodine and Chlorhexidine) on SARS-CoV-2, however, these reports are limited to surface disinfection, in vitro activity, or preliminary in vivo observations. Conclusion: Although we conclude that there is no direct evidence of clinical effectiveness of the use of mouth rinses prior to dental procedures with antiseptic solutions for SARS-CoV-2 specifically to date, we here present recommendations that could aid in reducing the risk of transmission in the dental office.


To facilitate than the disassembly and assembly of the regulator of the governor and perform precisely, and having a top plate operation is made for the regulator of the governor housing, the pipe is installed on the side of the housing which extends above the top plate, the top of the pipe is installed in the governor provides only regulator of the work surface comprising a bolt fixing member for fixing the fastening bolts of the regulator is placed on the top plate.


Based on the analysis of the characteristics and development tendencies of the Bilateral Investment Treaties since the 1990s, this paper compares the key rules (including investment definition provisions, investment liberalization provisions, investment protection provisions and dispute settlement provisions) of the BITs with those of the GATS, and makes a discussion on the applicability of the MFN provision of the GATS to the BITs, so as to identify the transcending and the deviation of the new generation of the BITs from the GATS in the perspective of rule design and enforcement to some extent.


Creating natural-looking running gaits for humanoid robots is a complex task due to the underactuated degree of freedom in the trunk, which makes the motion planning and control difficult. The research on trunk movements in human locomotion is insufficient, and no formalism is known to transfer human motion patterns onto robots. Related work mostly focuses on the lower extremities, and simplifies the problem by stabilizing the trunk at a fixed angle. In contrast, humans display significant trunk motions that follow the natural dynamics of the gait. In this work, we use a spring-loaded inverted pendulum model with a trunk (TSLIP) together with a virtual point (VP) target to create trunk oscillations and investigate the impact of these movements. We analyze how the VP location and forward speed determine the direction and magnitude of the trunk oscillations. We show that positioning the VP below the center of mass (CoM) can explain the forward trunk pitching observed in human running. The VP below the CoM leads to a synergistic work between the hip and leg, reducing the leg loading. However, it comes at the cost of increased peak hip torque. Our results provide insights for leveraging the trunk motion to redistribute joint loads and potentially improve the energy efficiency in humanoid robots.


The production technology and present situation and the development of styrenic block copolymers SBC areintroduced in this paper .The production stituation of SBC and its market prospect at home and abroad are analysed. Suggestionsfor development of SBC in China are put forward


We consider radiative β -decay of the neu- tron in heavy baryon chiral perturbation theory. Nucleon-structure effects not encoded in the weak coupling constants g A and g V are determined at next-to-leading order in the chiral expansion, and enter at the O (0.5 %)-level, making a sensitive test of the Dirac structure of the weak currents possible.


Article History Published Online: 17 August 2020 The fourth ministerial conference of WTO organized in Doha (2001) lead to the beginning of the latest development round aimed at proposing major trade negotiations towards the progress of developing and least developed countries. This paper gives an overview of the idea of the Doha Development Round, the negotiations that underwent, achievements, failures and the effect of such outcomes for the worldwide economy.


In this paper, we study the problem of fixed-time consensus tracking control for disturbed second-order integrator systems. Firstly, for dealing with the external disturbance, an observer is proposed such that the estimation errors converge to zero with a fixed settling time. Then, a distributed fixed-time control law is proposed by using the homogeneous method. The rigorous proof shows that the achievement of fixed-time consensus tracking control. Finally, the effectiveness of the theoretical results is provided through a numerical example.


Who are the reporters covering environmental issues in the United States? As the first step in a nationwide series of regional studies of environment reporters conducted over time, the researchers identified and interviewed 55 environment reporters working for New England daily newspapers and television stations in winter and spring 2000. The study found environment reporters working at half the region's newspapers and only four of the television stations. The New England environment reporters ranked everyday, practical journalistic process concerns such as time constraints and the size of the news hole as the most frequent barriers to reporting on the environment. They also said their sources most often came from government, and their stories often contained a variety of factors, including a human-interest angle, a government angle, and a pollution angle. Many wished to aid the environment while still remaining objective in their reporting.


Dr. Qadri's reply to Markell and Udkow's letter (E. K. Markell and M. P. Udkow, Letter, J. Clin. Microbiol. 28:1085-1086, 1990), as well as his article on the clinical significance of Blastocystis hominis (2), should leave clinical and laboratory scientists with an uneasy feeling. He states that ".... Markell and Udkow's opinion is contrary to increasing evidence of the pathogenic potential of B. hominis ...." In fact, all the information and references provided by Qadri do nothing more than indicate that there is an association between gastroenteritis and finding B. hominis in the stool. Some patients with diarrhea have the organism in their stool and some do not; some asymptomatic patients have it in their stool and some do not. Real evidence of pathogenicity is lacking. Markell and Udkow comment on the "guilt by association" phenomenon which has grown up around this organism in the recent literature. Stated another way, simply repeating continuously the statement that B. hominis is a pathogen will not make it so. In addition to the fact that there is no clear segregation of this organism between symptomatic and asymptomatic persons, we need to remember the following: (i) Koch's postulates have never been satisfied (there is no reproducible model of experimental infection due to B. hominis only), (ii) no pathologic evidence of or immunologic response to "infection" has been demonstrated in humans, (iii) no mechanisms of pathogenicity, such as toxin elaboration, attachment to intestinal mucosa, or invasiveness, in humans have been described, (iv) no antimicrobial agent which is uniquely active against B. hominis has been shown to reliably eradicate both the organism and the diarrhea, and (v) there has never been a point-source outbreak of gastroenteritis in which epidemiologic evidence suggested that B. hominis was the cause. Does propagation of an unsubstantiated claim do harm? You bet it does! At least one popular handbook of antimicrobial therapy now lists a "treatment" for B. hominis infections (3). The implication is that there is a disease here worth treating. If B. hominis is not a pathogen, then many patients will be unnecessarily treated and the real cause of their disease may be obscured. In addition, there was recently published an article stating that B. hominis was the cause of infective arthritis (1). Apparently, the authors and journal editors felt that since this was such a well-accepted pathogen, no scientific documentation was necessary. The article included no illustrations or cultural results to confirm that what was observed was actually B. hominis. Now this article is forever embedded in published and computerized reference sources (that is how I found it) and will undoubtedly be quoted as further evidence for the pathogenicity of B. hominis. The scientific literature, including the Journal of Clinical Microbiology, must share some responsibility for this situation. B. hominis may, indeed, someday be proven to be pathogenic. However, it is time to stop publishing articles which provide no new information on this subject and to insist that scientific documentation replace speculation concerning its pathogenicity. LITERATURE CITED


This study examines Chinese immigrant parents' perceptions of filial piety. The concept of filial piety is introduced and we discuss the impacts of modernization and immigration experience on the challenges faced by contemporary Chinese im- migrants as they reconcile traditional values with the demands of sociohistorical change and child rearing in the United States. Factor analysis of a commonly applied scale demonstrates mul- tiple aspects of filial piety and reflects modifications from tra- ditional views. Interview results point to aspects of filial piety not fully represented in the quantitative scale and expose spe- cific challenges in child rearing related to filial values. These findings suggest the evolution of expectations and strategies re- lated to a cultural adaptation of filial piety. One key demand is for strategies consistent with parental values while maintain- ing respect for children's unique point of view. The conclusions focus on the development of approaches to understanding the evolving conceptualization and meaning of filial piety for con- temporary immigrant Chinese. (Chinese, immigrants, parents, filial piety, cultural values, cultural models) People of my generation believe that taking care of our parents in the future is a universal truth, but I don't know if our children will have this sense of responsibility. I believe they won't have this sense of responsibility, but maybe if they really love us, they will want to take care of us ...i fthey feel close to their parents. When the time comes, then


This article models lunar surface potential when the Moon is in the solar wind and in different regions of the magnetosphere under both quiet and moderate space weather conditions. The analysis is based on fully kinetic particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations of regolith surface charging and plasma environments derived from NASA's acceleration, reconnection, turbulence, and electrodynamics of the Moon's interaction with the Sun (ARTEMIS) measurements and NASA/GSFC OMNI data. For the global plasma environmental conditions considered, the most severe charging occurs when the Moon is in the plasma sheet during a magnetic substorm, with a lunar surface potential ranging from more than −400 V at the equator to more than −750 V at the terminator with respect to the ambient. The results presented provide a benchmark for charging risk prediction for future lunar surface exploration activities.


In order to investigate the influence of near total thyroidectomy on the course of endocrine ophthalmopathy (E.O.) in patients with Graves' disease, 29 patients with goitre and E.O. were classified before and after (up to 18 months) operation by use of a special ophthalmopathy index. 14 patients without goitre served as controls; they get only antithyroid drug treatment (ADT) (E.O. I and II, n = 7) or additional retoorbital irradiation (E.O. III and IV, n = 7, linear accelerator, 20 Gray). 20 out of 29 operated patients showed an improvement in the E.O., 4 a deterioration, 5 were unchanged. 3 out of 7 not operated patients with mild E.O. showed an amelioration during ADT, 4 no change. Additional radiotherapy in 7 patients with severe E.O. caused an improvement in the clinical condition of 3 patients, 3 patients deteriorated and 1 patient showed no change. It is concluded that adequate near total thyroidectomy has a positive effect on the clinical course of E.O. in patients with Graves' disease and E.O.


Hypothesis / aims of study Detrusor overactivity (DO) is one cause of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Men with DO usually complain about urgency, frequency, nocturia, and, sometimes, urinary incontinence. Cystometric studies revealed DO in 50 75% and a meta-analysis of urodynamic studies demonstrated DO with a mean prevalence of 60.2% in men with BPH (95% confidence interval 52 – 68%). It is well known that DO is associated with ageing but, however, the pathophysiological mechanisms and origin of DO remain unclear. Preliminary data indicate that DO in patients with BPH might be caused by bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) as well but studies on this topic are scarce, included only small numbers of patients and reported inconsistent results. Therefore, it is still unclear if DO is associated with BOO. The aim of this study was to determine in a large group of BPH patients if DO is associated with BOO, the grade of BOO or age.


It is shown that the translational degrees of freedom of a large variety of molecules, from light diatomic to heavy organic ones, can be cooled sympathetically and brought to rest (crystallized) in a linear Paul trap. Themethod relies on endowing the molecules with an appropriate positive charge, storage in a linear radio frequency trap, and sympathetic cooling. Two well-known atomic coolant species 9 Be + and 1 3 7 Ba + are sufficient for cooling the molecular mass range from 2 to 20 000 amu. The large molecular charge required for simultaneous trapping of heavy molecules and of the coolant ions can easily be produced using electrospray ionization. Crystallized molecular ions offer vast opportunities for novel studies.


Rhino is a kind of powerful professional 3D design software widely used in various industrial designs.In the process of jewelry design,Rhino is commonly used in foreign countries,while it is still in the early development in China.Therefore,it is of great significance to study and introduce Rhino modeling techniques in jewelry design for the popular application of Rhino in the domestic jewelry design.Based on the writer's research experience on the application of Rhino in jewelry design,and taking two types of simple and typical peg setting jewelry models as an example,this paper discusses the structure and design requirements of peg setting jewelry,and elaborated on Rhino modeling techniques in precise peg setting jewelry design,in order to provide some reference for jewelry designers and learners.


The present investigation was carried out with a view to standardize an in vitro culture technique for mass propagation of an endangered medicinal plant Rauwolfia serpentina Benth. Shoot tip was used as explant for initial culture. The explants were cultured on MS medium supplemented with different concentration and combination of NAA and BA for primary shoot proliferation. The best shoot proliferation was observed in MS medium containing 0.1 mg l−1 NAA and 2.5 mg l−1 BA, where 92% of plants showed proliferation. For rooting, half strength MS medium supplemented with 0.4 mg l−1 NAA and 0.1 mg l−1 IBA showed maximum root formation (91%). After acclimatization and transplantation, 90% of the in vitro derived plants were survived in ex vitro condition.


Summary: A model applying Gender Role Conflict Theory is proposed to explain how male nursing students negotiate gendered challenges. This model provides a theoretical foundation for future development of student support strategies to foster positive masculinity and professional formation in order to promote retention and academic success among male students. Learning Activity: LEARNING OBJECTIVES EXPANDED CONTENT OUTLINE The learner will be able to identify a theoretical basis that explains the gendered challenges experienced by male nursing students. A presentation of the Background includes a brief overview of the literature base describing specific gender-based barriers experienced by men in nursing and poorer outcomes experienced by male nursing students. A brief presentation of the Significance includes the calls for diversity of the nursing workforce and the nursing shortage. A brief description of Gender Role Conflict Theory provides the theoretical framework for the negotiation model. The learner will be able to describe three negotiation/ coping pathways that will either sustain or overcome Gender Role Conflict and its related psychosocial consequences among men in nursing. The poster will include an abbreviated list of the negative psychosocial correlates of unaddressed gender role conflict. An illustration of the "Gender Role Conflict Negotiation Model for Men in Nursing" will be provided, along with an explanation of three hypothesized negotiation pathways. Implications for nursing education and a description of planned research will be noted


This master thesis will include a multiple case study describing how entrepreneurial firms perceive and act upon opportunities in times of recession.


The non-contact temperature measurement method has been widely used in the field of temperature measurement. Based on element energy spectrum excitation and Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) mechanism, through the analysis of the intrinsic physical properties of the object under test, the excitation characteristic spectrum of heated internal elements in high temperature field was explored, in order to select effective detection wavelength of non-contact detection module, and designed a narrow-band filter module to compress the detection band. The accuracy of optical detection model can be improved. By preparing and analyzing samples of various elements, K and Cu were selected as external doping elements, the characteristic wavelength of K and Cu can be used as an effective detection wavelength, the CMOS camera was used to detect the burner flame under the different wavelengths and obtained the flame image. The experimental results validate the feasibility of the method.


This article examines the grounds for Plato's negative attitude towards trade, commerce and currency in the Laws. The author shows that commerce and trade are condemned because they are fundamentally private, and demonstrates that Plato rejects gold and silver currency because its use encourages a kind of cosmopolitanism. Rather than condemning the competitiveness or licentiousness of the economic sphere, Plato critiques it for turning the citizens' attention away from civic life.


An accurate channel doping profile calculated by a process simulator is essential to the prediction of MOSFET threshold voltage (Vth). However it can not be easily calibrated to measurements, since SIMS which is believed to be the most accurate profiling technique at present, has /spl plusmn/10% error on the depth scale, /spl plusmn/15% on the concentration scale. Moreover measured concentrations in the near-surface region are not reliable. In this study the correction method for SIMS profile is presented. Also by using well-calibrated channel doping profiles, the boron pile-up layer situated on the Si side of the Si-SiO/sub 2/ interface is analyzed.


245 I exit polling was a widely known, but mostly misunderstood tool of political science research, the presidential election of November 7, 2000 changed that. Exit polls have long been a controversial part of most presidential elections, with the question of whether or not to publicize poll results before the close of balloting heavily discussed among academics and pundits alike. In fact, a 'gentleman's agreement' among the major television networks not to call the winner in a state before balloting in that state ended was violated on Election Day 2000. Since then, the major networks have once again agreed never to violate such an agreement, and "NBC says it will support a bill that would create a national poll-closing time" (Christian Science Monitor 2000). The exit polls conducted by the Voter News Service (VNS) on election day added one more question to the debate—should the results of exit polls be used to predict the winners of elections? As television viewers watched, exit polls initially predicted the victory of Al Gore in Florida; these predictions were then dismissed as early returns indicated a probable George W. Bush victory. A renewed debate on the utility of exit polls erupted in the popular press, and, no doubt, in political science classrooms in the weeks after the elections. These events have spurred a new interest in elections and, more specifically, in exit polls. Given this heightened interest in elections and exit polls, some political scientists might be tempted to have their students perform their own exit polls in order to bring the excitement of an election to their classes. Should one plan an exit poll as part of a political science course? Aside from the considerable amount of organizational planning required on the part of the instructor to facilitate an exit poll, such projects usually require an extra time commitment on top of the reading and study that students expect to devote to their political science course. Many students might be inclined to pass up such a course for this reason. With such organizational and educational hurdles, we then ask, just what are the benefits of an exit poll? From the pedagogical and experiential learning literature, advocates suggest that students would not only learn the course material better, but derive benefits extending past learning the course material. Critics of class surveys suggest that although these sorts of projects may help students understand the course material better, far reaching benefits are less likely. This study reports on students' perceptions of class exit polls administered during the 2000 U.S. presidential election. Students at four different universities (California State University, Northridge; Tulane University; the University of Iowa, Iowa City and; the University of Wisconsin, Parkside), and in different types of political science classes (Research Methods, American Political Culture, Elections in America, Municipal Governments, and Introduction to American Politics), administered the same exit poll to registered voters on election day as part of their respective political science courses. Although the same exit poll was administered, using the same procedures, varying degrees of success were recorded. At California State University, Northridge, a large public university in Los Angeles, students closed the poll station early because a gang fight erupted across the street; a second station closed early because of the perception of imminent violence. All together, the student interviewers only collected 155 completed surveys. In contrast, at Tulane University, located in New Orleans, student interviewers collected over 1000 completed surveys and reported no problems. Students at the University of Iowa, Iowa City and the University of Wisconsin, Parkside, both smaller locales, each collected over 900 completed surveys. We were initially interested in understanding the difficulties students faced by participating in these exit polls, from location issues to problems administering the exit poll to voters. That is, were there differences in the exit polling experience due to the geographical location of the universities? This initial interest then broadened into understanding whether or not the students perceived a benefit from participating in the exit poll, despite polling difficulties. Thus, this article will address not only the challenges associated with undertaking a class exit poll, but also whether or not students perceive a benefit from having participated in one. At the close of the fall 2000 semester, students in these four political science courses were asked to complete a survey asking them about their participation in the class exit poll. The purpose of this survey was to assess not only what the students thought of the experience as it pertained to their class, but whether or not it affected their perceptions of the election, survey research, and political science in general. Given that the students who administered the election day exit polls were from different types of political science courses, in four different locations, it is also interesting to determine whether the benefits derived from the experience differed by type of course. With this in mind, it should become easier to answer the question, 'to survey or not to survey . . . ' when planning one's course activities.


Cat Swarm Optimization (CSO) is a recent meta-heuristic optimization algorithm to obtain a global optimal solution. Sometimes the standard CSO converges to an optimal solution slowly and may not obtain the accurate solution. To avoid these drawbacks, Invasive weed optimization (IWO) is added to the CSO in tracing mode.


Through its Office of Asset Management, the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) in the past 10 years has encouraged state transportation agencies to develop a robust preservation program. FHWA has published CD-ROMs and pocket guides and has sponsored the Pavement Preservation Expert Task Group. In addition, with the Foundation for Pavement Preservation, FHWA has advocated the development of regional preservation centers. The National Center for Pavement Preservation (NCPP) at Michigan State University is reviewing state DOT preservation programs and serves as the pavement preservation help desk for the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. Other pavement preservation centers have been formed in Texas and California. Recently the Road Information Program and NCPP published a booklet, "At the Crossroads: Preserving Our Highway Investment," which describes the condition of the nation's highways and presents a compelling message about the importance of an effective preservation program. Copies of the booklet are available from NCPP at www.fp2.org/news/news_4.htm, or send an e-mail to firstname.lastname@example.com. [This is the entire article.]


Microstrip patch antennas became very popular in mobile and radio wireless communication. This is because of ease of analysis and fabrication, and their attractive radiation characteristics. However, they have some drawbacks of low efficiency, narrow bandwidth and surface wave losses. In order to overcome the limitations of microstrip antennas such as narrow bandwidth (< 5%), lower gain (-6 dB), excitation of surface waves etc, a new solution method; using electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) materials, as substrates has attracted increasing attention. Unlike other methods, this new method utilizes the inherent properties of dielectric materials to enhance microstrip antenna performance. These periodic structures have the unique property of preventing the propagation of electromagnetic waves for specific frequencies and directions which are defined by the shape, size, symmetry, and the material used in their construction. Some EBG structures include drilled holes in dielectrics, patterns etched in the ground plane, and metallic patches placed around microstrip structures. The aim of this project are to design, simulate and fabricate the new EBG structure operating at 2.4GHz frequency and study the performance of the rectangular microstrip antenna with and without EBG structure. Those designs were simulated with Microwave Office software and tested with the Network Analyzer. Both, simulated and measured data were compared and contrasted.


Chinese attributive "的"as a dynamic auxiliary is difficult to Japanese students who often commit errors in its usage because Japanese attributive "の"is somewhat similar in terms of grammatical function and in usage.Based on the classification of the parts of speech,the paper gives a comparative study of "的" and "の"and their differences and similarities,which should be helpful in TCF.


Samples were collected from service stations throughout the country and analyzed in laboratories. The analytical data are representative of the products of 62 markerters, and they are tabulated according to brands and grades for 17 marketing districts. This report includes trend charts of selected properties of motor fuels over the last 25 years. The average antiknock index of gasoline is presented. Analyses of motor gasolines containing various alcohols are also reported. Twelve octane distribution graphs for leaded and unleaded grades of gasoline are presented.


Sexual harassment: What is it? Who does it? Who are its victims? What are its consequences? Can or should anything be done about it?.


The author as a teacher in junior high school physics,chemistry teaching,a large number of cases for the form of questions,the type of problem,the problem set,the value of the evaluation,and questions for students to answer questions put forward their views.


List of figures List of tables Acknowledgements List of abbreviations Introduction Part I. Security, Power or Welfare? Eastern Enlargement in a Rationalist Perspective: 1. Rationalist institutionalism and the enlargement of regional organizations 2. NATO enlargement 3. EU enlargement Conclusion: the rationalist puzzle of Eastern enlargement Part II. Expanding the Western Community of Liberal Values and Norms: Eastern Enlargement in a Sociological Perspective: 4. Sociological institutionalism and the enlargement of regional organizations 5. Eastern enlargement and the Western international community 6. The event history of enlargement Conclusion: the sociological solution to the enlargement puzzle Part III. Association Instead of Membership: Preferences and Bargaining Power in Eastern Enlargement: 7. Process hypotheses 8. State preferences and the initial enlargement process Conclusion: the double puzzle of Eastern enlargement Part IV. From Association to Membership: Rhetorical Action in Eastern Enlargement: 9. Rhetorical action 10. The decision to enlarge NATO 11. The decision to enlarge the EU Conclusion: solving the double puzzle of Eastern enlargement Strategic action in international community: concluding remarks Appendix (interviews) List of references Index.


The present invention describes a wind farm controller and a control method for a wind farm (10). Wind farm comprising a power network by means of a low pressure (22, 25) connected to each of the plurality of wind turbines (20) and the energy storage system (24), the low-power network in turn is coupled to a power grid. The controller determines a wind turbine gearbox or more operating parameters of the drivetrain, gearbox or drive train and calculates the health metric. This can include measuring gear life. The controller may also determine a wind turbine generator, or the common coupling point (26) wherein one or more of power, to determine the power mismatch indicators. Based on power indicators and the detuning gearbox or drive train health metric, the transmission controller to improve health and life of the energy storage system and determined based on a wind turbine power command.


We calculate energies and tensions of closed k-strings in (2+1)-dimensional SU(N) gauge theories with N=4,5,6,8. When we study the dependence of the ground state energy on the string length, we find that it is well described by a Nambu-Goto (NG) free bosonic string for large lengths. At shorter lengths we see deviations which we fit, and this allows us to control the systematic error involved in extracting the tension. We compare the resulting string tensions with Casimir scaling, which we find to be lower than our data by 1%-4%. Extrapolating our results to N=oo we see that our data fits more naturally to 1/N rather than 1/N^2 corrections. Finally, we see that the full spectrum of the k-string states falls into sectors that belong to particular irreducible representations of SU(N).


We study congruences between newforms in the spaces S 4 (Γ 0 (p), ℤ p ) for primes p. Under a suitable hypothesis (which is true for all p < 5000 with the exception of 139 and 389) we provide a complete description of the congruences between these forms, which leads to a formula (conjectured by Calegari and Stein) for the index of the Hecke algebra T ℤp in its normalization. Since the hypothesis is amenable to computation, we are able to verify the conjectured formula for p < 5000. In 2004 Calegari and Stein gave a number of conjectures which provide an outline for the proof of this formula, and the results here clarify the dependencies between the various conjectures. Finally, we discuss similar results for the spaces S 6 (Γ 0 (p),ℤ p ).


Vehicle pollutants are the main source s of urban atmospheric pollution. It is useful to predict pollutant discharge and to simulate pollutant dispersion due to running vehicle.The methodologies to identify emission factors include chassis measuring,model account,highway and tunnel measuring,on board emission measurement.The characteristics and application qualifications of the four methodologies were analysed. There are four classical calculation models,which are Gaussion model, empirical model, numerical simulation model,box model.After integrating of GIS technology and the simulating result, the data gain way is Increased, the data analysis method is strengthened and dynamic display to make the simulation results more visual.


Adult mouse testicular germ cells were cryopreserved,and the cell recovery rates were examined by trypan blue exclusion staining after thawing.The freezing solutions were DMEM/10% NBS supplemented with 5%,10%,15%,20% and 25% cryoprotectants dimethyl sulphoxide(DMSO),propanediol(PG),ethylene glycol(EG) or glycerol(G),respectively.The cell recoveries of DMSO at concentrations of 5%,10%,15%,20%,and 25% were 88 5%,88 0%,80 0%,65 6%,and 51 3%,respectively.The cell recoveries of PG at concentrations of 5%,10%,15%,20%,and 25% were 87 2%,86 4%,79 0%,73 4%,and 40 1%,respectively.The cell recoveries of EG at concentrations of 5%,10%,15%,20%,and 25% were 86 6%,80 9%,60 8%,51 3%,and 30 0%,respectively.The cell recoveries of G at concentrations of 5%,10%,15%,20%,and 25% were 86 5%,86 3%,65 3%,36 0%,and 31 4%,respectively.When the concentrations of four cryoprotectants were 5% 10%,the cell recoveries all were highest,and showed significant difference as compared with those at concentration of 15%.There were no significant differences among the highest recoveries of four cryoprotectants.The minimum cell losses of four cryoprotectants after freezing/thawing were 4 8%,6 1%,6 7%,and 6 8%,respectively.The results suggest that DMSO,PG,EG and G all are suitable for cryopreservation of adult mouse germ cells and their favorable concentration all are at 5% 10%.The two step freezing procedure is one with high cell recovery rates for cryopreservation of adult mouse germ cells.


The objective of this study is to present chaotic micromixers in which a series of microstructures are placed on the top and bottom floors of channels. Passive micromixers fabricated by MEMS technologies with crosswise grooves and ridges are considered. Numerical simulations using the commercial software CFD-ACE(U) are employed to predict the effects of various patterns of microstructures on mixing efficiency with the range of Reynolds number from 0.05 to 50. The influences of non-dimensional parameters such as the Reynolds number as well as the geometrical parameters on the mixing performance are presented in terms of the mixing index. Micromixers which are made of PDMS are used to investigate the mixing characteristics influenced by the different kinds of microstructures. A significant amount of stirring resulting from chaotic mixing can be seen due to the fluids flowing through the crosswise ridges embedded on the top and bottom floors of channels. While Re is greater than 1, the mixing index of the micromixer with crosswise ridges starts to increase as Re increases. This means that the flow field in this micromixer results in efficient chaotic mixing. Simulation results are presented to compare with the experimental data, and a very good agreement can be achieved. Finally, various numbers of the crosswise ridges with the same orientation in one cycle of the channels are investigated to present to the mixing performance in the microchannels. An optimal design can be found in our works.


ABSTRACT In this experimental investigation, graphene nano additive was used at different proportions from 25 to 100ppm with an interval of 25ppm. It was then dispersed into the neat diesel and 20% Calophyllum inophyllum blend and its properties were determined. Further, experimentation was conducted for selected fuels in a CI engine. The discussions revealed that BTHE increased by 0.54 and 0.03% for CI20 with GNA of 25 and 50ppm. VE was decreased by 0.19, 0.32, 0.59, and 0.70%. EGT was decreased by 7.69, 7.57, 6.71, 6.81, and 7.55% for CI20 with GNA of 25 to 100 ppm. CO emissions were decreased by 12.8, 10.37, 8.71, and 1.65%, HC emissions were lessened by 72.44, 74.48, 75.5, and 76.5%, NOx emissions were reduced by 19.34, 17.56, 19.53, and 16.88%, opacity reduced by 7.1, 5.13, 4.47, and 4.07% for CI20 with GNA of 25 to 100ppm. The maximum cylinder pressure was reduced by 0.76, 1.02, 1.55, and 0.36%, RPR was increased by 36.58%, 33.69%, 38.82%, and 35.33% for CI20 with GNA of 25 to 100ppm. 90% MFB was taken for all blends at the difference of approximately 1°CA from that of diesel. Therefore, CI20 with GNA proportions is a promising substitute for diesel fuel.


Research has shown that Violence Against Women is a pervasive problem which has been increasing. Until a few years ago, it took place both in public and private spaces, but it has now broken into Digital Space, adopting more symbolic expressions. There has been some important related work from Data Science approaches. Mainly about cyberbullying, detection of language patterns through supervised algorithms, a few works on unsupervised learning, and some on violence against women. This article is part of a larger investigation related to the Violence Against Women in Digital Space phenomena in Mexico from Spanish-language interactions in microblogging social network, Twitter. We present the framework to address these phenomena from a Data Science perspective and go through some first stage results. The goal is to give Data Science perspectives and insights related to the understanding of Digital Violence Against Women, with the purpose of generating awareness about this problem by, modifying manners and implementing public policies that could counteract this social problem.


Compared with the whole province,concentration coefficient of human capital in Changzhutan is higher.However,there is a "three-low" and "three-lack" phenomenon namely,low-talent environment attraction,low-talent performance,low regional and industrial agglomeration degree;and lack of skilled personnel,lack of high-level technical personnel,lack of high-level managerial personnel.In order to solve these problems,we should attach great importance to the vitality of human capital accumulation,adjust the industrial structure,develop education,improve the enterpreneurship environment to attract talents from at home and abroad,build human capital markets,and effectively raise the level of human capital accumulation.


A relationship is given for predicting heat and mass transfer coefficients between the elements of a packing of spheres of equal sizes and a flowing fluid in the kinetics-controlled zone of heat and mass transfer, i.e., at values of the Peclet numbers larger than 500 to 1000. The predictions are compared with measured values collected from the literature extending over ranges of the Prandtl or Schmidt numbers from 0.7 to 104, void fractions from 0.26 to 0.935, and Reynolds numbers up to 2 x 10/sup 4/. 30 references.


ABSTRACT Providing good customer service is important in public libraries. But measuring customer service is difficult. This article looks at one method of measurement: developing the Friendliness Factor. Individual libraries can define the elements of good customer service and the kinds of staff training needed to achieve those elements. And, then they can measure the results of the friendly feeling their patrons experience when visiting the library. In this study, 30 libraries were visited and evaluated on their Friendliness Factors. The article includes questions to be used in a friendliness survey and provides a simple methodology for libraries to adopt for their own use.


We compute Bott Chern, and Aeppli cohomology for a complex structure on the six sphere, S. We also give a table for the hodge numbers for the Bott-Chern (and thus also Aeppli) cohomology where hodge numbers are given in terms of whole number parameters a = h ∂̄ − h ∂̄ , c = h ∂̄ ,d = h ∂̄ , h ∂̄ , h BC , and h 2,2 BC . As an example, we work out the Bott-Chern hodge numbers completely in the hypothetical case that the Dolbeault cohomology has h = a = c = d = 0. 2010 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 53C56,55N99,32Q99


In this paper, the dynamic plastic response of double-layered circular metallic plates subjected to localized impulsive loading was investigated both numerically and empirically. A numerical model was developed in commercial finite element code ABAQUS/Explicit via a user user-defined FORTRAN subroutine in conjunction with the Johnson–Cook thermo-viscoplasticity and damage models. The numerical results were validated with the available experimental results. Next, rigorous parametric studies were conducted on double-layered plates made of Weldox 460E, Aluminum 1100-H12 and a combination of these materials with copper plates for the impulse range of 10–110 N.s. Finally, dimensional analysis of the parametric study was performed and new empirical design formulas were derived for prediction of central deflections of back and front layers based on the suggested dimensionless numbers. The numbers considered the effect of the structural geometry, the inertia of applied dynamic load, the material resistance ability to the plastic deformation, the strain rate sensitivity of the material, and the load ratio both for front and back layers. The comparison between parametric study results and proposed empirical expressions illustrated that the derived equations provided quite reliable and accurate predictions of the central deflections of back and front layers when the deflections changed ranging from 11.4 mm to 62.8 mm.