Two part contents are considered in this paper: 1) Study on lightning performance of ultra high voltage (UHV) transmission line; 2) Study on lightning invaded wave over-voltage of UHV substation. Lightning performance of UHV transmission line has two characteristics: The probability of back flashover due to lightning strike on shield wires or top of tower is very small because of the high insulation level; The shielding failures would have happened more because of the higher tower of UHV transmission line. Both single circuit and double circuit of UHV transmission lines are considered in the study of lightning performance, and lightning performance of different tower type is compared too. The main reason of UHV transmission line trip-out is shielding failure, and the transmission line's shielding failure problem because of big ground slope angle of mountain area should specially pay attention to. Reduction of the shield angles and reduction of the vertical distances △h between shield wires and phase conductors are suggested to reduce the shielding failure trip-out rate. Two types of two substations are considered in the study of lightning invaded wave on substation: Jindongnan GIS substation and Jingmen HGIS substation. The configuration schemes of MOA positions in substation and lightning protection reliability of substation are proposed separately according to their special characteristics.


Abstract The genus Ptilomera is revised for New Guinea and nearby islands. Four previously described taxa are redescribed and discussed: P. aello Breddin, P. papuensis Hungerford & Matsuda, P. breddini Hungerford & Matsuda, and P. cheesmanae Hungerford & Matsuda, the latter newly elevated from subspecies to full species rank. Eighteen new species are described as follows: P. waigeo from Waigeo Island, P. misoolensis from Misool Island, P. yapenana from Yapen Island, P. arfak from the Vogelkop Peninsula of Irian Jaya, P. timika from southern Irian Jaya, P. etna from western central Irian Jaya, P. iriana from north central Irian Jaya, P. wapoga from north central Irian Jaya, P. kiunga from southwestern Papua New Guinea, P. omo from southern central Papua New Guinea, P. kutubu from the southern highlands of Papua New Guinea, P. jimi from the central highlands of Papua New Guinea, P. wewak from northern Papua New Guinea, P. morobe from northeastern Papua New Guinea, P. biroi from northeastern Papua New Guinea, P. insularis from Umboi Island, P. novabrittanica from New Britain, and P. bismarckensis from New Ireland. Keys to all species occurring in the New Guinea region are provided for both males and females, accompanied by range maps, and figures of the male genitalic complex, male parameres, male endosoma, and female terminal abdomen in lateral view.


. I respond to Carl Helrich's criticism of my proposition that the emergence of complex order in the universe is from Virtual State Actualization (VSA). The question is discussed as to whether quantum theory is able to afford any kind of quantum ontology or whether it merely allows an epistemological view. I point out that, even though many contradictory interpretations of quantum theory are currently possible, the concept of VSA is based on molecular properties that are so simple and factual that they are beyond interpretation. Helrich's appeal for caution in proceeding from physical reality to Divine Reality is wholeheartedly supported and a detailed discussion is given.


Photograph of Golden Triangle Mall in Denton, Texas. Signs for the Old Country Buffet (now Barnes and Noble) and Service Merchandise can be seen in the background. The marquee for the United Artists Theater lists the following shows: Power Rangers, First Knight, Batman Forever, Pocahontas, and Crimson Tide.


The Earth's ionosphere is known to be an irregular structure, which state is determined mainly by the solar radiation. Besides natural ionospheric variability by diurnal, seasonal or latitudinal fluctuations, enhance of pre-seismic processes a few days before an earthquake in the area of future epicenter can produce alterations of the ionosphere parameters as well. At present, pre-seismic ionosphere anomalies seem to be very well analyzed, theoretically substantiated and described in numerous papers. However, the key question remaining disputable is comparability of the ionosphere effects from "above" and from "below". Knowing that the decisive role in the ionosphere state is played by space weather effects, we analyzed TEC changes during the period of enhanced seismic activity in May-August 2008, when 22 earthquakes with M>5.0 (including three large events of M=6.8-7.0) occurred around the Tohoku area of Japan. For this purpose we performed a detailed analysis of the ionosphere TEC above Japan using data of Japanese dense array of GPS receivers (GEONET). This allows us to make a step forward in the problem of observations of earthquake precursors in the ionosphere TEC.


According to the European Innovation Partnership for Agricultural productivity and Sustainability (EIP-AGRI) that started 2012, the Europe 2020 Flagship Initiative "Innovation Union" specifies European Innovation Partnerships (EIP) as a new tool for speeding up innovation through linking existing policies and instruments. Based on the report "Innovation, Agricultural Productivity and Sustainability in Latvia" prepared by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) in 2019, it analyses innovations in agriculture in order to promote further development of the sector. The agricultural sector has progressed more slowly than the economic sector and slightly more needs to be invested in order to ensure a well-functioning innovation system and a policy environment that would increase agricultural productivity and improve sustainability. The aim of paper is to reveal what prerequisites are necessary to promote the development of innovation projects in agricultural sector. The research based on analysis of documents exploring the views of European Innovation Partnership project managers on how the innovation process in European Innovation Partnership projects has taken place and what are the main preconditions for promoting the development of innovation projects, as well as observation and semi-structured interview, in turn, exploring, which can contribute to the development of innovation projects. As a result of the research, 8 preconditions for the promoting development of innovation projects in agriculture were identified. The results of the research can have a significant impact on the development of innovation, identifying weaknesses, problems that need more attention and take specific activities to improve the current situation.


The frontal part of the Japan Trench plate‐boundary fault is enriched in low‐strength smectite, and this material characteristic is thought to be a factor for the large fault slip during the 2011 Mw 9.0 Tohoku‐oki earthquake. In this study, we evaluated the surface physicochemical properties of the particles that constitute the fault zone and examined their effect on the rheological properties of the fault. Measurements of the zeta potential, surface free energy and pore size distribution indicate that the interparticle interaction in the in situ state is very weak. This means that the viscous resistance is low, which may have contributed to the large fault slip during the earthquake. The interparticle distance appears be longer than the energetically stable state, which may reflect a transitory state after the earthquake. Changes in microscopic interparticle interactions during coseismic and interseismic periods may influence the rheological behaviors of the Japan Trench plate‐boundary fault.


SOARES, M.B. Tempo de Avalovara (As diferentes dimensoes temporais no romance de Osman Lins). 2007.168 f. Thesis (Ph.D.) _ Faculdade de Filosofia Letras e Ciencias Humanas, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 2007 The novel Avalovara (1973), by the Pernambucan writer Osman Lins (1924-1978), presents a complex elaboration of time as a narrative category, through the exploration of the art of narrative simultaneity. The plot, which mimics the movement of a spiral in the palindrome sator arepo tenet operates routes, makes various fictional temporalities coexist in the moment of enunciation. Thus, it allows readings guided by a revision of the design of linear and homogenous time, as consolidated in common sense, with impacts on the time spent in reading and on the recollection of what is read. In its view of time from a plural perspective, the osmanian narrative entails fruitful rootings: in the very trajectory of the writer, whose technical concern leads to the renewal of narrative modes; in modern Western narrative, based on the rupture with the space-time situation of a "realist" nature; in the modernity of Brazilian literature and its dialogue with formal research, specially in regards to the innovations of the poetics of time by the 1922's generation of Paulistan poets; in the debate over the political engagement of literature, which starts with the 1964's Coup d' Etat in Brazil. From a critical reading in search of such rootings and imbrications evoked by the osmanian text, I highlight in the present work the radical criticism that Avalovara makes of the progressive perspective and of the concept of history ingrained in it. The structure of the novel, combining in literary time such disparate literary aspects of time _ the mythic, historic and subjective atemporalities _ succeeds in building a notion of history that is sensitive to voices silenced and alienated in the past and that is interested in echoing them in the present, in line with a twist in Historiography, as proposed by thinkers such as Walter Benjamin and those from the Annales School. Key-words: Osman Lins, Avalovara, Novel, Poetics of Time, History.


My thesis is that lawyers regularly fall into two categories in various media — either saints or sinners; heroes or villains; conventional or maverick, representing the sacred and the profane. The classic saint is Perry Mason who was rather dull but a dependably good lawyer. Over the last twenty years or so, television has emphasised the sinner and the maverick. TV shows such as L.A. Law and Ally McBeal have played up the quirky aspects of lawyering, edgy, serendipitous, even whacky. And while US shows identify individual lawyers, they mostly operate in the context of a firm with partners who can function as a brake when needed.

In the Anglo-Australian context the barrister tradition thrives. Here the individual lawyer is pitted against bigger opponents such as business or the state. There is considerably more space for outre personality traits and idiosyncrasies to flourish. The British series Rumpole of the Bailey and the Australian Rake illustrate two variants of a similar theme — the maverick against the powerful. The Bar as a profession represents a clubbable environment where class, status and education signify one's position in the hierarchy. Horace Rumpole and Cleaver Greene, even though well educated, are portrayed as archetypes of Groucho Marx's maxim, "I don't want to belong to any club that will have me as a member." They are barristers in spite of themselves, fiercely independent, clever, and ethically fluid. They seek a form of ethics bound to justice rather than ideas of discipline and governmentality.

These two television series are not contemporaneous: Rumpole was filmed in the late 20th century and Rake in the early 21st. Nevertheless, they speak to each other over the years in small but detectable ways. Both the protagonists are Australian. Leo McKern (Rumpole) and Richard Roxburgh (Rake) are acclaimed actors of their generations with a range of roles, but both have been captured by these particular characters. Rumpole appears in both television and book form with the result that McKern's physical representation became that of Rumpole. And although Rumpole has been performed in radio by other actors, no visual depiction has yet replaced the original. There is one connection that occurs in early episode. Cleaver Greene is a witness in a bungled robbery and his former lover, Scarlet, a Crown prosecutor, decides to cross-examine him instead of letting her junior do it. This breaches ethical conduct. As her questions cause Cleaver to squirm, he bursts with frustration and shouts at his somnolent counsel, "Oi, Rumpole", in order to get him to object. It is the only time when the two shows acknowledge each other.

There are stark differences between the two shows despite the time differences. English lawyer shows tend to concentrate on the courtroom with the outside world only barely registering (Robson 2017). Rumpole of the Bailey is an exemplar of this. We see him at home with Hilda and we see him in chambers and Pommeroy's Wine Bar drinking Chateau Thames Embankment, reciting Keats, but the majority of each episode is in court. Rumpole is also more genteel; on the whole people are decent to each other as befitting stereotypes of British society at this time. Rake, however, spends possibly more time outside the court than in and is far less genteel: many bad things happen to Cleaver as befitting the narratives of a more rough and tumble society in Australia. This is certainly so as the series progresses. Much of Rake revolves around Cleaver's relationships, dysfunctional and functional. One other distinguishing aspect is how much of Rake is taken up with Cleaver's own legal problems. The first few episodes show him in a tax tribunal because of his own non-payment. Cleaver is desperate to delay the proceedings as long as possible using all sorts of wiles — dodgy witnesses, half-destroyed evidence, and eventually succeeding when, as the judge is about to find against him, the judge conveniently has a heart attack and dies. As this chapter is taken up with comparison I dip in and out of the characters; for a sustained analysis of Rake as a larrikan see Lili Pâquet's chapter in this volume.


University Identity System (UIS) is an important part of the development of school brand identity, and it has been paid more and more attention to universities in China. Gannan Normal University built in 1958. It is a developing university with a distinct feature and a bright future. In 2016, the university passed the assessment of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, and the quality of teaching and the level of scientific research have reached a new level. Therefore, the UIS design of Gannan Normal University is also imminent.


The purpose of this paper is to extend the scope of the Ehrhart theory to periodic graphs. We give sufficient conditions for the growth sequences of periodic graphs to be a quasi-polynomial and to satisfy the reciprocity laws. Furthermore, we apply our theory to determine the growth series in several new examples.


A method is introduced to extract reflection characteristics at smaller angles from the vertical correlation of surface-generated noise in shallow water, since the relationship of the two is analyzed. By presenting the vertical correlations of the ambient noise data measured in one experiment in China, the geo-acoustics parameters are estimated. It is shown that these parameters are mutual coupled, therefore a segmentation inversion algorithm has been developed. The reflection phase shift is obtained according to curve fitting or empirical expressions, while the reflection energy is inferred subsequently. The simulation calculated using the inverted geo-acoustic parameters is in good agreement with the explosive sources measurement. There is a discrepancy of about 10% in the prediction values. It is effective for acoustic field prediction by extracting bottom reflection parameters from the noise vertical correlation. The advantage of using reflection parameters is not limited. In addition, it is simple and precision to predict acoustical field, as a result of containing interface scattering in the reflection loss.


PROFESSOR PICTET'S new method of refining chloroform offers great facilities for deciding certain questions hitherto treated with remarkable indifference ty medical men: What is the difference between the action of pure and impure chloroform? Do the impurities of chloroform increase its dangers? Have they any particular toxic action ? Opinions on this subject are divided and even uncertain. Though it is by no means generally acknowledged by surgeons that the impurities are dangerous, still after an accident as a rule great concern is shown to have it proved that the drug was pure. Sedillot asserted, and Lucas-Championnibre has shown by clinical evidence, that the dangers of chloroform may be due to impurity. Nevertheless, nobody has undertaken to investigate the physiological action of the impurities described and communicated to the scientific world by Mr. Dott. Pictet's process mainly corsists in subjecting chloroform to intense cold, by which it is caused to crystallise. The mother liquor being drawn off and the crystals being allowed to liquefy, it is obvious that the liquid obtained must be chemically pure chlorofoim. All the impurities of the origintl material must now be contained in the mother liquor. From this, on repeating the operation, a considerable quantity of crystallised chloroform may again be separated; but in order to be on the safe side the proceeding is not strained to the utmost, and the ultimate residue still contains so much chloroform that it is hardly to be distinguished from the ordinary drug. The numerical proportion of this residue to the original quantity is 3-5: 100. Thus, the chloroform as ordinarily used is divided by Professor Pictet's process into two porti(ns, one of which is undoubtedly pure, whereas the other as assuredly contains all the foreign substances contained originally in the whole. By comparing the physiolcgical action of these two portions we shall be enabled to ansB er the questions put above.


This paper, the impact of Value-Based Leadership (VBL) and Corporate Governance (CG) was undertaken to find out if there are relationships between Value Based Leadership, Corporate Governance and Organizational Performance. The sample for this study consisted of people in managerial level of listed corporations located in five major South Eastern states in Nigeria (Anambra, Abia, Imo, Enugu, Ebonyi state). The Methodology used in the study was selection of 100 respondents from Insurance firms, Manufacturing and reputable banks in five south eastern states. Questionnaires were administered to the respondents using simple random sampling technique. The specific objective of this study is to identify the level of practice of Value Based Leadership and Corporate Governance among assessed organizations. In order for the study to achieve its objectives, the research was guided by research questions and hypothesis. The data gathered were analyzed electronically by Factor Analysis method with SPSS package. The analysis of the result shows that there is a strong positive coefficient of correlation between Value Based Leadership and Organisational Performance. The study recommends that there are need for organizations to place greater emphasis on Value Based Leadership and Corporate Governance in planning for their short-long term corporate performance and corporate existence. This demand increase in leadership training, implementation of best practices and zero tolerance to corruption, good staff compensation and effective control processes/ structure put in place in organization. Similarly, both private and public sector change programs should be directed to carry the people in the entire system or organization along. Keywords–– Value Based Leadership, Organisational Performance, Corporate governance, corruption, weak legal framework.


Background: Organdonationrequiresmanagementtopromoteawarenessandcreatethepropercultureinallsocieties. Awareness and attitude of students and nursing staff can affect the process of donating organs. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of blended education on the awareness and attitude of nursing students towards organ donation. Methods: In this clinical trial study, which used a Solomon four-group design, 94 undergraduate nursing students from Azad University of Sanandaj in 2016 were selected by the census method and randomly assigned to four groups. The data collection tool included demographic data and the Organ Donation Awareness and Attitude Questionnaire blended education was provided to students through a one-day interactive workshop and social networks for 2 weeks. Before and after the intervention, students' awareness and attitude were evaluated. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS 16 using Fisher, Wilcoxon, Mann-Whitney, and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Results: Thecomparisonof theawarenesslevelaftertheinterventioninthefourgroupsshowedstatisticallysignificantdifferences (P = 0.0001). Moreover, there was a significant difference in the attitude level after the intervention between the four groups (P = 0.02). Conclusions: Blended education increases the awareness and attitude of nursing students. Thus, trainers and educators are sug-gestedusingblendededucationtotrainstudentsregardingdonation. Moreover,itisrecommendedtoincludethetopicof donation in the nurse's curriculum.


Conrad Hal Waddington (1905–1975) was an English biologist who was especially interested in the big (metaphysical) questions of life. His thinking has become part of the foundation of modern systems biology. This article applies his thinking to middle-years school biology curricula (for ages 11–16), to see if their approach to epistemic questions might be reframed to allow students to understand more about the nature of life.


In a ceramic substrate with a thin-film capacitor, having a ceramic substrate a lower electrode layer formed on the ceramic substrate, a dielectric layer formed on the lower electrode layer and made of an oxide of a material constituting the lower electrode layer, and an upper electrode layer formed on the dielectric layer, a plating layer is provided between the ceramic base and the lower electrode layer to serve as a basis for the lower electrode layer.


OBJECTIVES To investigate whether there is a relation between residential exposure to aircraft noise and hypertension. METHODS The study population comprised two random samples of subjects aged 19–80 years, one including 266 residents in the vicinity of Stockholm Arlanda airport, and another comprising 2693 inhabitants in other parts of Stockholm county. The subjects were classified according to the time weighted equal energy and maximum aircraft noise levels at their residence. A questionnaire provided information on individual characteristics including history of hypertension. RESULTS The prevalence odds ratio for hypertension adjusted for age, sex, smoking, and education was 1.6 (95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.0 to 2.5) among those with energy averaged aircraft noise levels exceeding 55 dBA, and 1.8 (95% CI 1.1 to 2.8) among those with maximum aircraft noise levels exceeding 72 dBA. An exposure-response relation was suggested for both exposure measures. The exposure to aircraft noise seemed particularly important for older subjects and for those not reporting impaired hearing ability. CONCLUSIONS Community exposure to aircraft noise may be associated with hypertension. Main messages Exposure to aircraft noise may be a risk factor for hypertension. It is suggested that special attention be paid to maximum noise levels because of possible physiological effects from aircraft noise.


This study utilizes a Winter Severity Index (WSI) to characterize the impacts of High Plains winter storms during the 2006/07–2018/19 winter seasons across Nebraska and the Colorado Front Range. Winter storms are specifically defined based on the severity of their meteorological impacts and are required to influence a majority of Department of Transportation (DOT) districts within both states. Following their identification, winter storms are examined using a jet-centered framework based on the two leading modes of North Pacific jet (NPJ) and North Atlantic jet (NAJ) variability. The analysis reveals that a retracted or equatorward shifted NPJ establishes a highly amplified flow pattern conducive to cyclogenesis over the central U.S., while a poleward or equatorward shifted NAJ favors the development of a strongly baroclinic environment across the study region that serves as a focal region for cyclogenesis and precipitation. Composite analyses of winter storms that rank in the top 25% and bottom 25% in terms of their aggregate WSI are also performed to identify characteristics of the synoptic-scale evolution that discriminate between "high-impact" and "low-impact" events, respectively. High-impact events are found to feature a more amplified upper-tropospheric flow pattern over the eastern North Pacific and western U.S. compared to low-impact events, which subsequently favors stronger cyclogenesis over the southern Plains. The integration of jet regimes with winter storm severity metrics as part of this study offers the potential to enhance Impact-Based Decision Support Services and provide the weather enterprise, and its stakeholders, with critical life-saving information.


In spite of the ubiquity of omnivory in nature, its consequences for population dynamics have received little attention from theoretical and experimental ecologists. Having three direct consumer-re ...


Chassigny and Nakhla frequently contain magmatic inclusions in olivine. Some Al-, Ti-rich augites in Chassigny magmatic inclusions show reverse zoning from the Mg-poor core to the Mg-rich rim. This unique chemical zoning in Chassigny magmatic inclusion gives important implications for the crystallization of the magmatic inclusions. The crystallization stage of the Mg-poor core is di#erent from that of the Mg-rich rim because the zoned augite has a sharp boundary between the Mg-rich and Mg-poor regions. The presence of such Al-, Ti-augite with reverse zoning implies that the bulk composition of the magmatic inclusion changed into Mg-rich. Such a compositional change of the magmatic inclusion can be produced by the melting of the surrounding olivine. There is a possibility that the melting of surrounding olivine has occurred during a shock event. In order to examine the possibility of the melting by a shock event, this study compared texture and constituent minerals of Chassigny magmatic inclusions with those of Nakhla magmatic inclusions. Although Chassigny magmatic inclusions have remarkable radial cracks around them, Nakhla magmatic inclusions only have ambiguous radial cracks. The presence of radial cracks in the Chassigny magmatic inclusion shows that the inclusions have been a#ected by a heavy impact event because cracks around magmatic inclusions formed by the fracturing of a phenocryst induced by rapid compression and decompression. key words: martian meteorites, Chassigny, Nakhla, magmatic inclusion, reverse zoning


The appearance of internet has brought great changes to human life. So far as the moral field is concerned, it has plunged people into many expectations on the one hand and has made people confront lots of moral issues on the other, such as lack of moral consciousness in moral subjects, moral indifference. The existence of these moral issues has made it a must for us to strengthen internet ethical construction, especially to establish necessary moral principles.


/d의 지하수가 수직구내로 유입되는 것으로 예상되었으며, 실제 그라우팅을 거친 후 굴착 3과정에서 배출된 지하수량을 측정한 결과 30~100 m/d의 범위를 보여 예측 수량과 유사한 것으로 나타났다. 수직구의 작업 안정성 확보 및 원활한 공정을 위해서는 수치모델을 활용한 그라우팅 효과의 사전 평가가 필요하며 이를 근거로 그라우팅 시공을 선행한 후 굴착이 진행되는 것이 필요하다.주요어 : 선택취수설비 , 굴착, 그라우팅 , 지하수 유입량, 수치모델The vertical shaft of a selective intake structure, which is constructed in a large reservoir, is required to be imper-meable and to employ a grouting technology to prevent water inflow from the reservoir or surrounding ground. Inthis study, groundwater inflow is estimated using a numerical model for two cases (i.e., grouting or non-groutingcases at the exterior of a vertical shaft) and compared with data measured during an excavation at the constructionsite of a selective intake structure in the Soyang reservoir, Korea. Groundwater inflow is estimated to range from444 to 754 m


The present work focused on presenting the result of an investigation carried out in the multifunctional resource room (SRM) in a municipal school in Fortaleza-CE. We had as objectives: objectives to analyze how AEE happens in the municipal school of Fortaleza Maria Das Dores, to know the resources offered to special education students at SRM and to identify the main difficulties faced by professionals in this area. In this sense, we reviewed the literature on the subject, analyzing the Brazilian legislation on Special Education, such as: The National Policy on Special Education in the Inclusive Perspective of 2008, Resolution No. 4, of October 2, 2009, which institutes Operational Guidelines for the AEE in Basic Education, Special Education modality; the Resolution Municipal Council of Education of Fortaleza No 015/2017; Resolution 10/2013, which establishes norms for special education in the perspective of inclusive education and for ESA in the Municipal Education System of Fortaleza, as well as based on the research by Gomes (2016), Mantoan (2003), Costa (2013) , among others. As instruments of data collection we use semi-structured interviews, document analysis and observation. The preliminary results showed that the ESA carried out in the Multifunctional Resource Room happens in a complementary and supplementary way for students with disabilities, global developmental disorders and high skills or giftedness. We observed that the resources used are those established for Type I classrooms, according to the Guidance Manual of the SRM's implementation program and the AEE teacher, listed that her main difficulties are the resistance that elementary school teachers II have in relation to the assistance and working together and the significant decrease in the offer of continuing education courses. Thus, we conclude that, despite advances throughout history, there is still a considerable way to go for there to be consonance between the letter of the law and the practice in public schools.


Aiming at the problems of fuzzy detection characteristics, high false positive rate and low accuracy of traditional network intrusion detection technology, an improved intelligent intrusion detection method of industrial Internet of Things based on deep learning is proposed. Firstly, the data set is preprocessed and transformed into 122 dimensional intrusion data set after one-hot coding; Secondly, aiming at the problem that convolution network cannot deal with data with long-distance attributes, Bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) is used to mine the relationship between data features; At the same time, the Batch Normalization mechanism is introduced to speed up the training of deep neural network. After the activation function performs nonlinear transformation on the input data of the previous layer, it is normalized to ensure the trainability of the network. The experimental results on NSL-KDD data set show that the accuracy of the proposed CNN-BiLSTM model is 96.3%, the detection rate is 97.1%, and the performance is the best.


We consider estimation of one variable's dependence against another one in a new measure called a coefficient of structural association (CSA). It is based on the distribution of one variable along the segments of another one, and yields a gauge similar to the correlation ratio in the nonlinear regression modeling. This index can be constructed as a quotient of the observed and maximum possible variances. The CSA relations to other measures of dependence are described too, particularly, for binary variables CSA reduces to the Loevinger's coefficient of association. Numerical simulations show that CSA presents a powerful tool for data analysis where traditional measures fail. This method can enrich both theoretical and practical estimations for identifying hidden patterns in the data and help managers and researchers in taking appropriate decisions.


Coverage of exposed functional structures such as tendons, bones, vessels, or nerves at the dorsal and palmar surface of the hand requires thin, supple tissue to provide adequate range of motion and a satisfying aesthetic result. The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the functional and aesthetic results after coverage of the hand with free fascial flaps. From 1994–2002, 14 patients underwent free fascial flap coverage of the hand with 4 tempo‐parietal fascia flaps and 11 serratus fascia flaps. Eight patients could be reexamined and answered a questionnaire about their satisfaction with the functional and aesthetic results. The mean follow‐up was 41.7 months. Average active range of motion of the hand, functional improvement, and the aesthetic result were satisfying in all follow‐up patients. No secondary debulking or other contouring procedures were required. We recommend the use of free fascial flaps as a valuable alternative to fasciocutaneous or muscle flaps, since the functional results are excellent, no additional procedures were necessary, and the aesthetic results are appealing. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery 25:47–53, 2005.


Ever more scientists are employing large-scale distributed systems such as grids for their computational work, instead of tightly coupled high-performance computing systems. However, while these distributed systems are more cost-effective, their heterogeneity in terms of hardware, software, and systems administration, and the lack of accurate resource information leads to inefficient scheduling. In addition, and in contrast to the workloads of tightly coupled high-performance computing systems, a large part of the workloads submitted to these distributed systems consists of large sets (bags) of sequential tasks. Therefore, a realistic performance analysis of scheduling bags-of-tasks in large-scale distributed systems is important. Towards this end, we introduce in this paper a realistic workload model for bags-of-tasks, and we explore through trace-based simulations the design space of scheduling bags-of-tasks. Finally, we identify three new scheduling policies that use only inaccurate information when scheduling, and we compare them against known classes of proposed scheduling policies.


The materials and methods used in this study were the same as those described in an earlier paper (Woodland, 1957). Oogenesis The primary oocytes in the vitellarium reach a length of about 420 microns just before yolk accumulation begins. They measure only about 45 microns wide. Each has a large central nucleus about 40 microns in diameter. It is a typical vesicular oocyte nucleus and usually has a visible nuclear membrane. A fine network is visible throughout the nucleus and there is a large, eccentric, irregular, granular nucleolus which may be as long as 20 microns. Neither network nor nucleolus is Feulgen-positive. The finelydivided chromatin is so scattered throughout the large nucleus that it is barely visible. The cytoplasm appears very finely granular and contains a few inclusions. These are 10 to 15 microns in diameter and consist of a dozen or less clumped globules. When each o' the vitellaria contains four or five of these oocytes, yolk accumulation begins. It starts peripherally in all of the oocytes simultaneously and gradually proceeds toward the center. There appear scattered through the peripheral cytoplasm tiny globules which stain bright orange-red with Mallory's triple stain. They greatly resemble the globules of p:otein reserves scattered through the fat body surrounding the ovarioles, but are usually a little smaller. The negative images of small fat droplets also occur in the peripheral cytoplasm. The fat droplets and proteinaceous globules increase in size, forcing the diminishing cytoplasm into a network around them. By


Wound irrigation is an essential component of wound management. Most emergency departments use sterile water or saline to irrigate, but tap water has also been studied. These authors prospectively compared wound infection rates in pediatric patients with simple lacerations that were irrigated with normal saline or tap water.

Patients aged 1 …


This paper considers causal assessment in the case of a particular model, namely a Sure Outcome of Random Events (SORE) model developed for the analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial of a drug. A distinctive feature of this model is that it takes into account different observable effects and for each of these, different possible latent causes. In particular, the model distinguishes between two kinds of observable effects, a therapeutic effect and a side-effect. For each observable effect, two latent factors are considered, i.e. a pharmacological (or explained) factor and a residual (or unexplained) one. The SORE model allows one to distinguish naive causal assessment, relying on a prima facie analysis of the empirical distribution of the observable variables, from a causal attribution based on a structural model taking into account both observable and latent variables. This approach is illustrated by a numerical example, along with a case study based on real data.


This work proposes a novel observer based direct adaptive fuzzy second-order-like sliding mode control (SMC) method for a certain class of high order unknown nonlinear dynamical systems with unmeasurable states. An observer is firstly developed to estimate the tracking error vector directly, and the stability of the observer is analyzed based on Meyer-Kalman-Yakubovich (MKY) lemma. Based on the observer, the equivalent control law is approximated by a double-input single-output fuzzy logic system (FLS), in which the observation of the sliding surface and its derivative are applied as the inputs. In addition, an adaptive switching control law is added to mitigate the system chattering and improve the stability of the system. The free parameters of the controller are adjusted online by the adaptive laws that are derived from the Lyapunov stability analysis. Finally, the convergence of the overall closed-loop system is demonstrated, and the simulation examples illustrate the efficacy of the proposed control method.


The invention discloses a method for testing a mobile phone, comprising the following steps: firstly, test software is installed in test computers of different test work stations in advance and when acertain function of a mobile phone Flip is tested, the mobile phone Flip is installed on a Traveler with a main board, and the Traveler is connected with the test computers of the test work stations;secondly, the test software of the test computers is opened according to a received operation command, and the test computers determine the model of the mobile phone to be tested and test items according to the received operation command and send a test command to the main board positioned on the Traveler according to a determination result; the main board controls the mobile phone Flip to execute corresponding functions according to the received test command; and finally the test computers acquire the execution result of the mobile phone Flip and analyze the execution result to obtain a testresult. The invention simultaneously discloses a system for testing the mobile phone. The method and the system can conveniently and accurately realize the test for various functions of the mobile phone Flip.


Tri-2-furanylgermane in the presence of a catalytic amount of Et(3)B adds to internal alkenes as well as terminal alkenes effectively to give the corresponding adducts in good to excellent yields. The addition of tri-2-furanylgermane to silyl enol ethers followed by elimination of germyl and siloxy moieties provides a new route for the conversion of ketones into alkenes.


The evidence base for the drug treatment of hypertension is robust (black and white). The importance of rigorous blood pressure control is reasonably well established. The advantages or disadvantages of particular drug classes or regimens is much less clear (shades of grey). Even carefully conducted metaanalyses have failed to identify important differences in morbidity and mortality. Some drugs may have advantages for some end points (including intermediate or surrogate outcomes) but the overall influence on the individual is likely to be neutral. The future focus should be on strategies to control blood pressure rather than a futile search for benefit beyond blood pressure reduction.


The resurgence of rational choice theory in sociology has given rise to a debate about its scope and limits. This paper approaches the debate in a constructive spirit. Taking Coleman's recent work as exemplary of rational choice theory in sociology, the discussion begins by noticing some elements common to this theory and to the framework employed by neofunctionalist critics of rational choice theory. First, the concept of control plays a central role in both theoretical models. Second, both theories attempt to generalize the general equilibrium theory of economics, thereby capturing the economic theory as a special case. The constructive work consists of showing how key concepts of one model relate to analogous key concepts in the other. The aim is to forge the beginning of the synthesis in which the strengths of each model are preserved in one that includes both.


The objectives of the present study were to train a sensory panel and to conduct the sensory characterization of three fish burger formulations. They were made with filleting byproducts of tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ), for inclusion in school meals. Initially, training of the assessors was conducted using the descriptive method for five attributes of the product: fish odor, hardness, juiciness, fish flavor and condiment flavor. The assessors had good repeatability and were able to discriminate the samples.  After the training, the panelists evaluated the five attributes of the three developed formulations containing different condiments in the fish burger base formulation: C1) 0.3% oregano, C2) 0.05% basil and C3) 0.05% rosemary. This evaluation was followed by acceptance test and purchase intention. The three formulations had mild fish odor and flavor, in addition to a mild condiment flavor. Additionally, the products had good sensory acceptance and purchase intention.


MeV 4He+ implantation into single crystals of KNbO3 has been used to fabricate planar optical waveguides by generating a buried layer of lowered refractive index. We characterize the optical loss of these waveguides as a function of the ion dose D, and find a minimum loss of (1.0±0.2) cm−1 after implantation of 2 MeV ions at a dose of 5×1014 cm−2. This is by far the lowest dose ever for which efficient waveguiding has been reported. For good guides, the observed losses are mainly due to tunneling through the refractive index barrier with nontunneling contributions of less than 30%. The reduction Δnb of the refractive index nb in the region of the nuclear damage peak is proportional to the dose and we find Δnb/D=(7.8±1.6)×10−17 cm2.


The roman villa La Olmeda (Palencia) is open for the visitors again. The works in order to protect the remains are finished. Balawat team made the virtual reconstruction of the mansion helped by the archaeologist managers of the villa. We made some animations for its museum. Amongst them there is a version of the mythological mosaic of Achilles in the main room of the house. It's made following the ancient iconography of black figure pottery.


This study reports on a successful trial of a double-tag mounting protocol using both satellite and GPS tags on captive black-cockatoos (Forest Red-tailed Black-Cockatoo Calyptorhynchus banksii naso, Baudin's Black-Cockatoo Zanda baudinii and Carnaby's Black-Cockatoo Z. latirostris). The aim of the study was to assess the feasibility and tolerance of a novel back-mount and a double-mount protocol combining a back- and tail-mount in black-cockatoos. We trialled solar 3D Global Positioning Systems (GPS) tags, standard solar and battery-operated GPS and Platform Terminal Transmitter (PTT) tags, and developed an attachment method to fit back-mounted solar-powered UvA-BiTS GPS tags to captive black-cockatoos. We investigated the effect of a variety of different types of tail-mounted satellite tags on the operational ability of the primary UvA-BiTS units and the feasibility of the double-mounted tag system with regard to tolerance by the birds. Our study determined that the combination of a 7.5-g UvA-BiTS GPS tag and 17-g Telonics TAV 2617 satellite tag was best tolerated by the birds and was the optimal tag system for use on birds to be released. This system enables capture of movement data to better understand the ecology of black-cockatoos, and identify critical feeding, roosting and breeding habitats, thereby informing conservation management initiatives to conserve these threatened species.


Background: COVID-19 was first reported in Iran on February 19, 2020. Bushehr, one of the warmest provinces of Iran, was the last province confirmed to be infected on March 5, 2020. At the beginning of April, Bushehr was announced as a white, coronavirus-free, province. However, increasing the temperature in the next months did not affect the spread of coronavirus and the number of confirmed cases increased during the next months, so that Bushehr was announced as a Red province on June 13, 2020. Methods: This paper aims 1) to estimate the reproduction number of COVID-19 in Bushehr considering COVID-19 reported cases of Bushehr from April to June 12, 2020, using exponential function and SIR epidemic model, and 2) to investigate the impact of temperature on reproduction number and the spread of coronavirus in Bushehr the temperature data. Result: The reproduction number is estimated to be between 2.564 to 2.641. Regarding the increase of the temperature during April to June, the results show that not only was the spread of COVID-19 not reduced but it also increased. Conclusions: Data analysis on this study shows that high temperature has no impact on the reproduction number and does not slow down the spread of coronavirus in Bushehr.


Stone Theorem about representing a Boolean algebra in terms of open-closed sub- sets of a topological space is a consequence of the Gelfand Theorem about representing a B*- algebra as the algebra of continuous functions on a compact Hausdorff space.


In order to design a high assurance mechanism to allow access to all information on the global information grid (multiple levels of security), architects must create small components that satisfy operational requirements for authorization, operate in a services oriented architecture, yet are certifiable to a high level using the security functional classes of the common criteria. Current Web services functionality contains complex development that is difficult to certify to a high level, and is resident on low assurance platforms. This paper discusses authorization components that enforce policy for information access and argues for the development of a protocol that can be used to develop components to produce a trusted path to information that can receive high engineering assurance levels.


Amorphous Ge-Si solid solutions are an interesting class of materials from the fundamental as well as the technological point of view. Self-diffusion of the constituents is an important process because of the inherent metastability. While self-diffusion was already examined in crystalline GexSi1-x (0 < x <1) this is not the case for the amorphous counterparts. This work reports on Ge self-diffusivities obtained from insitu neutron reflectometry measurements during isothermal annealing of ion-beam sputter-deposited amorphous Ge0.8Si0.2 films. The diffusivities are modified peculiarly fast with annealing time by a maximum factor of two due to structural relaxation. The diffusivities in the relaxed state are lower (higher) than in amorphous germanium (silicon). They follow the Arrhenius law and show an activation energy of (2.06 ± 0.1) eV, which equals that of amorphous germanium, but differs from that of amorphous silicon. Thus, it is concluded that the diffusion mechanism of Ge in amorphous Ge0.8Si0.2 and Ge are similar, despite of the presence of dispersed 20 at.% of Si.


ABSTRACT : Multimedia is a concept in the presentation of information by combining all the elements that contain text, images, sound, animation and video for later processing so that users can use it to obtain the required information. In this research discusses creating a course module for data communications material consists of data transmission, tissue samples, tissue structures, LAN, and OSI model. Where in the making of this application programming language the writer uses Flash 8. With the application of Subject Module of Data Communication is expected users who want to learn about data communications will be much easier to understand the material presented, because in this application also included multimedia elements such as text, images, animation and sound with interactive display. Facility also participated included exercises that will help the student to repeat back what he learned.


Urban forms convey contrasting representations in which social and architectural models interfere. The city is a spatial form in which opposed social forces confront and mingle with each other. The analysis is embedded in the plurality of the daily life experiences. In Algiers, these multiple representations include the colonial heritage and public as well as private production of spatial forms (i.e. monuments, public places, commercial centres, recreation areas vs. mosques, one-family homes, tourist infrastructures, etc.). The ideological presuppositions of this architectural production give a concrete shape the image of the city and they play their part in the disputes for power control over the urban space. As an example, the rejection of monumental urban forms has a socio-political impact and an evident symbolic strength.


We study the progressive optimal control for partially observed stochastic system of mean-field type with random jumps. The cost function and the observation are also of mean-field type. The control is allowed to enter the diffusion, jump coefficient and the observation. The control domain need not be convex. We obtain the maximum principle for the partially observable progressive optimal control by a special spike variation. The maximum principle in the progressive structure is different from the classical case.


The invention discloses a method for preparing a multiphase coupled WS2/WN solid lubrication film. The multiphase coupled WS2/WN solid lubrication film is formed on the surface of a metal material base body in a magnetron sputtering method. The method for preparing the multiphase coupled WS2/WN solid lubrication film includes the steps that the metal material base body to be processed is preprocessed; the metal material base body is put into a vacuum room, and vacuum pumping is conducted; a low-energy ion source is used for conducting ion bombardment cleaning on the metal material base body; a magnetron sputtering device is used for conducting surface modification on the metal material base body, Ar gas and N2 gas are used as magnetron sputtering and reacting gases, WS2 serves as the target material, a WS2 film layer is deposited on the surface of the metal material base body firstly, then a WS2/WN film composite film layer is deposited, the operation of depositing a WS2 film layer and the operation of depositing a WS2/WN composite film layer are cycled in turns, and 1-10 WS2 film layers are deposited and 1-10 WS2/WN composite film layers are deposited; the metal material base body is put into an acetone solution to be cleaned and then dried, and the dried metal material base body is sealed and stored in a vacuum mode.


The issues of new territorial formations building typology that pay an important role in the innovation process in Ukrainian cities and megalopolises are considered. The existing ideas about the development factors of high-tech industries concentration areas are generalized. These are new elements in economic territorial structure. The main features of technological development centers different types in cities and megalopolises are described, which are created as a result of scientific technical and innovation policy. Terminology variety used in different countries was put in order.
It is shown that the innovation process support has acquired special significance as a way for national and rational economy survival in the conditions of world markets dynamism, high technology and intensification of competition between the world's leading powers. There are two fundamentally different genesis types of centers and areas that perform creative functions in the innovation process: naturally occurring and artificially created. Identifying their ratio, location and development factors of the formers and viability and dynamics assessment of others, their diversity reduction to generalized models that can be compared − an important research problem, which is partially solved in this article.
In defining of "high technology industry" in this study used three criteria: 1) scientific and technical personnel number in the industry; 2) costs for research and development; 3) manufactured goods specifics. According to the authors of this work, one of the most important criteria are the costs for research and development. In this case the group of high-tech will include industries in which the share of research costs is above average for the entire industry. These are − pharmaceuticals, control equipment production and informatics, telecommunications, electronic components production, mechatronic control systems, aircraft construction, shipbuilding, rocket and space technology, robotics.
The role of information and transport infrastructure on the technological regions location and development in cities and megalopolises is relieved in the work.


Reshid,* our early friend of the Arabian Nights' Entertainments; but with the exception of this transient glimpse, Asia remained hermetically sealed against Europe for the space of nine long and gloomy centuries.f Even the Crusaders sought nothing beyond Jerusalem delivered and the seaboard of the Holy Land. In the estimation of those high-minded soldiers and devotees, the depths of Asia were the regions of heathenism, sorcery, and spiritual darkness. In the charming cadence of his well-regu-


A process for the preparation of aromatic polyester polyols of the hydroxyl numbers in the range 500-150 mg KOH / g, with viscosities of from 1,000 to 25,000 mPas (25 ° C) and an acid number of 0.1 to 3 KOH / g by reacting polyhydric alcohols with aromatic di- and / or polycarboxylic acids, their esters and / or polyesters with addition of catalysts, characterized, in that a) a glycol mixture of one or more glycols, is heated with stirring, wherein the glycols, dihydric alcohols with longer side chains, and with two different reactive hydroxyl groups, namely a primary and a secondary hydroxyl group or a mixture of at least two dihydric alcohols, of which a dihydric alcohol is a linear structure with substantially no side chains and two primary hydroxyl groups, and at least one additional dihydric alcohol, having at least one hydroxyl group and, optionally, a branched structure having aliphatic side chains, and the mass ratio of ...


Warren P Mason and R N Thurston (eds) New York: Academic Press 1973 pp xii + 403 price $39.50 Double figures already! This excellent series has already made its mark worldwide; volume X certainly lives up to the standards set by its predecessors - sound (sorry), up to date, review articles on major growth areas, well written, well illustrated, well supplied with references and well designed to appeal to the broad physics market as well as to the workers on that specific small sector of the research front.


The objective of this study is to investigate the stability behavior of steel cable-stayed bridges by comparing the buckling loads obtained by means of finite element methods with eigen-solver. In recent days, cable-stayed bridges dramatically attract engineers` attention due to their structural characteristics and aesthetics. They require a number of design parameters and present a high degree of static indetermination, especially for long span bridges. Cable-stayed bridges exhibit several nonlinear behaviors concurrently under normal design loads due to the individual nonlinearity of substructures such as the pylons, stay cables, and bridge deck, and their interactions. The geometric nonlinearities arise mainly from large displacements of cables. Strong axial and lateral forces acting on the bridge deck and pylons cause structural nonlinear behaviors. The interaction is among the substructures. In this paper, a typical three-span steel cable-stayed bridge with a variety of design parameters has been investigated. The numerical results indicate that the design parameters such as the ratio of and are important for the structural behavior, where is the main span length, L is the total span length of the bridge, is the moment of inertia of the pylon, and is the moment of inertia of the bridge deck. When the ratio increases, the critical load decreases due to the lack of interaction among substructures. Cable arrangements and the height of pylon are another important factors for this type of bridge in buckling analysis. According to numerical results, the bridges supported by a pylon with harp-type cable arrangement have higher critical loads than the bridges supported by a pylon with fan-type cable arrangement. On contrary, the shape of the pylon does not significantly affect the critical load of this type of bridge. All numerical results have been non-dimensionalized and presented in both tabular and graphical forms.


We measure herding of trading activities by regressing individual order imbalances on market wide, industry wide, and dealer wide order imbalances. We find that stocks whose trading activities herd more have higher sensitivity of their returns to order imbalances. Investors demand compensations for herding. A 1% increase in the degree of herding this year predicts 8% increase in stock returns next year, after controlling for standard asset pricing factors and some of liquidity measures.


This paper is concerned with a compressible viscoelastic fluids of Oldroyd‐B type. We prove the existence of unique local strong solutions for all initial data satisfying some compatibility condition. Moreover, we establish a blow‐up criterion for the strong solution in terms of the Lt∞Lx∞ norm of the density tensor ρ and the Lt2Lx∞ norm of the symmetric tensor of constraints τ. All the results hold for the initial density vanishing from below. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Oil market data of the 1980s reject a simple, symmetric reduced-form model of dynamic oil demand in the OECD countries. Tests of price asymmetric long-run demand models produce ambiguous results. The pooled time series estimations find near unitary output elasticities, and reject linear demand models in favor of constant elasticity formulations. Despite large differences in product prices and crude prices, the data cannot reject use of a crude price model fir aggregate oil demand. A reduced-form model symmetric in product prices but with technology trends for non-price oil conservation compares favorably with other formulations, and provides slightly lower projections of future oil demand intensity. However, even these lower econometric projections imply substantial increases in aggregate oil demand, increases which exceed those found in the conventional judgmental estimates.


This letter reveals the effect of the reverse-recovery current of a PIN diode on the surge and gate-noise voltages of an insulated-gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) in an inverter. Theoretical analysis reveals that the $di/dt$ of the reverse-recovery current, the switching speed of the IGBT, and parasitic inductances affect the gate-noise voltage unlike a Schottky barrier diode because resonance does not occur due to junction capacitances. The analysis also indicates that the surge voltage may not occur when the dc voltage is increased even though a large amount of surge voltage occurs in a low dc voltage region. A 1-kV testing setup was designed and constructed using a 1.7-kV 260-A IGBT module, which confirms the validity of the theoretical analysis.


The Swedish model was built on the notion that mobility from high- to low-unemployment areas could be achieved without large wage differentials if active labor market policy was used to aid in the ...


The present review concerned outcome research in brief child-oriented family therapy. Eleven investigations in the categories of descriptive reports and single group studies were critically reviewed. Although most investigators claimed that brief family therapy was effective these claims must be judged in terms of the quality of the research. All studies were vulnerable to criticism according to the methodological criteria used in the present review. As might be expected with studies in these categories, problem areas included: lack of control procedures, statistical analysis, confounding of the therapeutic variables, baseline and outcome measurement techniques, and follow-up procedures. The findings supported previous reports that carefully-designed studies of psychotherapy with children and families were rare. Without such valid investigations the possible value of brief child-orientated family therapy cannot be ascertained.


I. IntroductionOn October 18, 2010, a seventeen-year-old Black male ("Michael") entered a convenience store in downtown Seattle.1 Outside, unknown to Michael, a fight broke out between undercover cops and suspected drug dealers.2 Michael heard shouts down the street and stepped out of the convenience store to see what was happening.3 Seeing a plainclothes police officer running full speed at him down the sidewalk, he went back into the store.4 The officer followed him into the store, and Michael raised his hands and stopped moving, offering no resistance.5 The officer lashed out at Michael, kicking him hard between his legs.6 Michael fell down, and the officer kicked him twice more in his face and chest.7When the surveillance video depicting the attack on Michael was released, there was a media and community outcry.8 After he was shown the video by a reporter, the Seattle Urban League President, James Kelly, said, '"It's pretty disturbing. Disgusting. The bottom line is, I'm pretty outraged by it. Because it's been a series of interactions between police and the community of color, starting with the stomping of the Latino gentleman."'9 The Seattle Police Department did not investigate Michael's attack until the local news media showed the video to the Chief of Police.10 The police union representative defended the officer, saying, ""We send officers down there to deal with the criminal element. I don't care what color they are; a criminal is a criminal. This is an officer being put in a no-win situation.'"* 11Michael's experience is an all-too-common story of police brutality.12 As Michael's experience demonstrates, police violence frequently creates "distrust between racial minorit[ies]... and the police."13 This cycle of state-sanctioned violence, followed by community outrage and alienation, is something that the U.S. legal system has simply failed to address adequately.14 Occasional violent encounters with citizens may be an inevitable aspect of a police officer's job.15 However, the usual reasons police give to justify excessive force do not withstand close scrutiny.16This Note proposes a new approach to police brutality in the form of an amendment to 42 U.S.C. § 1983, which requires the appointment of counsel for indigent defendants who can sufficiently demonstrate they have been subjected to "disproportionate police force," defined below.17 Part II of this Note provides the requisite background for the analysis. In Part II, this Note adopts a "disproportionate force" model of unreasonable police violence. This model encompasses severe police brutality as well as incidents of excessive force that do not involve police use of weapons or result in significant physical injuries.18 Part II then surveys the existing legal framework for disproportionate force, including federal civil rights lawsuits under § 1983.19 Next, Part II describes Supreme Court jurisprudence with respect to Fourth Amendment excessive force, the right to counsel under Gideon v. Wainwright, and the right of access to courts under Douglas v. California.20 Part III analyzes the shortcomings of existing deterrents to police brutality.21 It then argues for a solution founded on the right of counsel and access to courts and proposes an amendment to § 1983 that requires the appointment of an attorney if an indigent criminal defendant can make a preliminary showing that police used disproportionate force against him or her.22II. BackgroundThis Note argues that courts should appoint counsel to allow indigent victims of disproportionate force to pursue federal civil rights lawsuits under § 1983.23 Some background is therefore necessary to explain: (1) the nature and prevalence of police brutality and the "disproportionate force" model of police violence; (2) the constitutional framework for analyzing disproportionate force; (3) existing legal remedies for disproportionate force, including 42 U.S.C. § 1983 actions; (4) the right to counsel in civil litigation ("civil Gideon"); and (5) Douglas v. …


The aim of the current experimental program is to use PIV to measure turbulent statistics within a smooth surface boundary layer at Mach 7.4. It has been shown that the high shear present in a hypersonic boundary layer can lead to an error called peak locking, known to have a significant impact on first order statistics. To limit its effects, particle image displacements must be increased, leading to correspondingly larger interrogation window sizes. The variation of velocity across each window can be significant, testing the limits of many PIV algorithms. Four cross-correlation codes (MatPIV, ISSI, WIDIM and DaVis) are examined at two scales, paying particular attention to their behavior of turbulence in the near wall region and the extent of peak locking generated by shear. High quality seeding is required to ensure an accurate comparison. A successful method for the preparation of TiO2 particles and their introduction into flow using a fluidized bed seeder is described. The current results show great promise for the resolution of hypersonic turbulence with PIV, as the majority of algorithms showed mean velocity profiles that lay on a clearly defined log-law, as well as streamwise turbulent intensities clustering near the DNS profile of Priebe and Martin (2011) at the same Mach number. The greatest differences between algorithms were in the near wall region. It is shown that for the purposes of the current study, DaVis 8.0 produced the highest quality results, with no peak locking, deviation below the log-law towards the transition region and giving a clear peak in streamwise turbulence near the wall. MatPIV also produced similar results, however significant peak locking was experienced, as would be expected from a code with no method of shear compensation. The ISSI code allowed a comparison between square and rectangular windowing. It was demonstrated to have significant peak locking in conditions when vectors were over half the size of the interrogation window. Additionally, the rectangular windows reduced the extent of peak locking, but showed significant scatter in streamwise turbulent intensity in the outer layer. For WIDIM results, while no peak locking was observed, the mean velocity profile showed significant dependence on the choice of windowing overlap. Differences were amplified in the near wall region. Significantly, mean velocity profiles resulting from calculations using the recommended offset of 75% displayed the greatest deviation from all other results. Near wall turbulence also appeared to be filtered. Wall-normal turbulence statistics were shown to be about half the expected magnitude, and were not influenced appreciably by the choice of PIV algorithm. This may be due to particle lag (although this is considered unlikely) or insufficient boundary layer development length.


A 57-year-old hypertensive man presented to the emergency department with right hemiparesis (blood pressure 145/90 mm Hg). An emergent head CT was performed confirming an ischaemic stroke (figure 1) and the patient underwent fibrinolysis. Within 12 h he developed shortness of breath with hypoxia and inspiratory crackles on auscultation. Transthoracic echocardiogram showed an ascending aortic aneurysm with an aortic flap and severe aortic regurgitation (figure 2A, B). Stanford type A aortic dissection was confirmed by CT angiography (figure 3). The tear was localised in the proximal ascending aorta and the dissection propagated along the aortic arch to the right carotid (figure 3A) and descending thoracoabdominal aorta (figure 3 …


ABSTRACT Primary vaginal leiomyosarcoma (VLMS) is an extremely rare variant of primary vaginal cancers with very poor prognosis irrespective of the stage at presentation and the type of treatment received. It is easily recurrent and has a high propensity for haematogenous spread especially to the lungs. We present the case of a 34-year-old Para 1 + 1 (1 alive) woman with recurrent vaginal mass of 8 years duration after two surgical excisions without histological evaluation. She had examination under anaesthesia and a wide local excision of the vaginal mass. Histological examination of the mass revealed poorly differentiated VLMS with positive surgical margins and she was commenced on adjuvant chemo-radiation. Histological evaluation remains the hallmark for diagnosing rare malignancies like VLMS, which unfortunately is not a standard practice in some resource-constraint settings.


The impurity dynamics in stellarators has become an issue of moderate concern due to the inherent tendency of the impurities to accumulate in the core when the neoclassical ambipolar radial electric field points radially inwards (ion root regime). This accumulation can lead to collapse of the plasma due to radiative losses, and thus limit high performance plasma discharges in non-axisymmetric devices. A quantitative description of the neoclassical impurity transport is complicated by the breakdown of the assumption of small E × B drift and trapping due to the electrostatic potential variation on a flux surface compared with those due to the magnetic field gradient. This work examines the impact of this potential variation on neoclassical impurity transport in the Large Helical Device heliotron. It shows that the neoclassical impurity transport can be strongly affected by . The central numerical tool used is the δf particle in cell Monte Carlo code EUTERPE. The used in the calculations is provided by the neoclassical code GSRAKE. The possibility of obtaining a more general self-consistently with EUTERPE is also addressed and a preliminary calculation is presented.


Feature extraction is an important research topic in the pattern recognition area and is widely applied in many areas.Feature extraction of images is the primary task of image recognition and retrieval.Learning based image feature extraction achieves a good performance,but linear learning methods share their limitations on extracting the features of images,such as face image,the change of pose,illumination and express causes the image to present a complicated nonlinear character.Recently proposed manifold learning is regarded as an effective method of extracting the nonlinear features and is widely used.This paper considers image as the research object,Locality Preserving Projection based manifold learning as the way,feature extraction of image as the task,and develops the research work to improve the performance of feature extraction method through dealing with the problems and its application on image feature extraction.


We have searched for the J = 2‐1 emission of carbon monoxide (CO) from the brightest peak in the epsilon Eridani (� Eri) dust disc ‐ without success. The non-detection sets 3σ upper limits to the mass of CO gas in the dust peak of 3.3 × 10 16 kg and to the total amount of (H2) gas in the disc of 8 × 10 19 kg. The paucity of gas in the disc (there is ∼1000× more dust) constrains the composition of orbiting comets or icy planetesimals. If these comprise the


Sustainability is a major concern for several industries in Saudi Arabia, especially those in the industrial sector. By using green methods, many businesses intend to become sustainable. Green practices provide staff with instructions regarding how to maintain business sustainability while performing necessary production tasks. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to investigate how green practices affect the sustainability performance of businesses. Partial least squares (PLS) analysis was used to examine data from 250 sets of completed onnaires. Our findings showed that green practices significantly impact corporate sustainability performance.


An approach in product line design is presented in which a line of products is selected while accounting for their market potential. In this approach, the product line design selection is viewed as a selection problem with two main stages: design alternative generation and product line design evaluation and selection. The focus of this paper is on the product line design evaluation and selection stage. Issues considered include a large variety of customers' preferences, market competitions, multiple business goals, uncertainties in several factors that are used for evaluating the design alternatives, and commonality among the alternatives in a product line. Because of the combinatorial nature of the problem, a genetic algorithm is used in the evaluation stage. Product line design selection of a cordless screwdriver is used as a demonstration example. The emphasis in the example is more on the approach and not in the details of the example per se.


And they, passing through from Perga, came to Antioch of Pisidia; and they went into the synagogue on the sabbath day, and sat down. And after the reading of the law and the prophets the rulers of the synagogue sent unto them, saying, Brethren, if ye have any word of exhortation for the people, say on. And Paul stood up, and beckoning with the hand said Men of Israel, and ye that fear God, hearken.


Few studies were made about zooplankton distribution in Jazan coastal area. The present study dealt with the identification of zooplankton at the sandy shore (AlSalwa coast) and mangrove muddy shore (Turfa peninsula) at the Almarjan coast. Species richness and population density at different seasons were determined for both study areas between May 2016-April 2017. Conductivity, pH, water temperature, and salinity were measured. The relationship between water characters and the seasonal abundance of zooplankton seasons was examined through regression analysis. Ciliates, Rotifers, Nauplius larva, Gammarus sp., Veliger larva, Nematodes, Planaria, Copepods, and Kinorhyncha were recorded for both study areas. The highest species richness and population density were recorded during the summer season for Almarjan sandy shore and Turfa peninsula mangrove. Ciliates were the most abundant zooplankton on the sandy shore, while Kinorhyncha was the least abundant. The zooplankton Nematode was the most abundant at the Turfa Peninsula mangrove, whereas Gnathostomulida was the least abundant. Conductivity, salinity, and water temperature showed a significant regression relationship (P<0.05) with zooplankton abundance. Data was discussed to highlight the role of zooplankton abundance in the mangrove and sandy shore ecosystem.


The construction technology of mud balance pipe-jacking may shorten the duration when guaranteeing the quality.The technology has more advantages when the diameter of pipe-jacking is small and underground water level is higher.


Motion of uid elements can be described by the Navier-Stokes equations. They arise from the use of Law of motion to a uid. In this investigation, two dimensional Navier-Stokes have been engaged. Then they are applied to an incompressible viscous uid movement down an inclined plane with net ow. These leads to examining the effects to the velocity of the motion at various angles of inclination and finding the boundary layer thickness. Viscous laminar incompressible fluid ow also ow on an inclined position which makes it necessary to investigate the ow on an inclined plane. Results that have been achieved are of the ow over horizontal at plate. Solution that has been obtained involves a at photographic film being pulled up by a processing bath by rollers at an angle \(\theta\) to the horizontal. Quadratic polynomial function approximate velocity profile has been obtained under initial boundary layer conditions. This velocity profile has been used in momentum integral equation for ow over an inclined plane to get the boundary layer thickness. Boundary layer thickness is one of the parameters that is used to obtain the ow velocity down inclined plane.


The work is a continuation of a series of articles that consider the use of open source software Gmsh&GetDP for com-puter simulation of electromechanical transducer. An assessment of the reliability of particular solutions of problems of static linear elasticity obtained in practice by grid methods using the Gmsh&GetDP software has been performed. Issues of validation of computer models for calculating mechanical stresses and displacements are considered. The results of calculations and comparisons for standard problems of mechanics are presented. The obtained numerical results are compared with analytical solutions. The effectiveness of using the Gmsh&GetDP software for solving par-ticular problems of continuum mechanics is shown. The presented results can be used to form verification and valida-tion matrices in assessing the reliability of numerical models, as well as in the development of new electromechanical transducer. A simulation of a rapidly rotating perforated thin-walled round disk of a power tool engine was per-formed, which did not reveal an excess of the stress-strain state parameters over the allowable values.


Stunting is a nutritional problem that is influenced by various factors. Basic Health Research states that the prevalence of stunting in Indonesia has reached 30.8%. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between the characteristics of children under five years old, infectious disease status and employment status of mothers with the incidence of stunting under-five children at Karanglewas Health Center. The design of this study was a correlational study with a cross-sectional approach. The population in this study were all toddlers (658 children) at Karanglewas Health Center. A sample of 87 respondents was recruited by a cluster sampling technique. The instrument used was in the form of a questionnaire regarding the data of respondents and parents. It was found that most respondents experienced stunting (44 toddlers) (50.6%); respondents were mostly aged 0-36 months (56 under-fives) (64.4%); most respondents were females (53 respondents) (60.9%); and most respondents had normal birth weight (62 under-fives) (71.3%). The results showed that there was a significant relationship between age and stunting (pvalue 0.003); there was a relationship between low birth weight and the incidence of stunting (p-value 0.039); there was a relationship between infectious disease status and the incidence of stunting (p-value 0.001). Factors that influence the incidence of stunting are age, gender, low birth weight, and infectious disease status.


The interaction between cysteine and safranin with citrate capped gold nanoparticles was studied. All measurements were carried out using resonance light scattering (RLS), UV-vis. absorption and fluorescence spectrometry. The size and surface characteristics of safranin-capped gold nanoparticles in the solution containing cysteine were also investigated by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques. The average diameter and surface potential of synthesized GNPs were 19.0 nm and −56.3 mV, respectively. Interaction of the GNPs and safranin or cysteine leads to increases in their sizes and surface potentials. The influence of parameters such as pH, ionic strength of the solution and safranin concentration on the spectrophotometric and spectrofluorimetric characteristics of GNPs was studied. This system was used for determining cysteine content of unknown solutions. In the optimum conditions (pH, 4; sodium chloride, 0.014 M and safranin, 9.0 × 10−6 M) two linear dynamic ranges (9.0 × 10−8–1.0 × 10−6 M and 5.0 × 10−6–9.0 × 10−5 M) with RSD less than 5% were obtained for cysteine. The limit of detection under the optimized conditions was 3.7 × 10−8 M of cysteine. Kinetic studies of safranin and cysteine adsorption on the surface of GNPs were carried out and their corresponding rate constants were also calculated using kinetic models.


156 entral serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) is characterized by an exudative neurosensory retinal detachment with or without an associated detachment of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). It typically affects adult men (20-50y).1 CSC is associated with type A personalities, psychosocial stress, pregnancy (usually third trimester), Cushing's disease and numerous drugs (especially corticosteroids). There are different theories about the pathophysiology of CSC. Experimental studies have shown serous retinal detachment may be secondary to alteration of choroidal vascular permeability.2 Another study suggests that ischemia Coexistence of Central Serous Chorioretinopathy with Sjögren's Syndrome


A new diagnosis and treat ASIC for red-green color weak is designed, which uses additive color mixture rule to diagnose quantificationally red-green color weak( RGCW), and uses mental rotation experiment to cure color visual defects, and with CPLD to implement ASIC and apply.


Tell el-Balamun takes its name from the ancient Pa-iu-en-Amun "The Island of Amun," part of the ancient city at the site, also known as Sma-Behdet.

Keywords:

archaeology;
Egyptian history;
historical geography;
religious history;
social history


This paper presented a embedded technology-based Wireless Voice Teaching System that used the terminal of ARM7 development board for the students,and ordinary notebook computer for teacher,through the establishment of local area wireless network to implement the real-time transportation of multimedia by RTP protocol.The System was characterized by wireless network and embedded terminal.The voice teaching could be taken in any classroom.In addition,the System cost far less than the cost of traditional Voice Teaching System.


Context. There is theoretical and observational evidence that the jet core position changes with frequency. However, the core position for a given frequency may vary with time in the case of flares or for a precessing jet. Aims. In this work, we want to explore the changes in core position as a function of frequency, magnetic field alignment, relativistic electron density, and jet inclination angle. Methods. We use a physical model of a synchrotron-emitting jet. Two cases of the jet are analysed, namely with magnetic field parallel and perpendicular to the jet axis. The evolution of the related spectrum is monitored over the radio band. Results. We find that a smaller jet inclination angle or a higher electron density causes the jet core position to move downstream of the jet and we demonstrate that this displacement of the core along the jet gives rise to a spectral flattening.


Much of what is known about stress amongst social workers is anecdotal and there is a dearth of systematic research findings on the subject. This questionnaire study examined the perceptions of work-related stress, and factors contributing to high and low levels of stress, in a sample of 243 social workers drawn from four local authorities in northern England. The sample was broadly based in terms of a range of personal background factors, and included social workers in urban, rural and semi-rural loca tions. A measure of overall stress was constructed encompassing psychological and physical aspects, and which permitted an analysis of the relative importance of predictor variables. A variety of rating scales was used to assess aspects of the work environment and perceived stressors. The most powerful predictor of overall stress that emerged related to the pressure involved in planning and reaching work targets. The study also identified certain caseload and supervision-related predictors of stress, but, apart from age and marital status, personal background factors seemed of weak predictive power. Social workers' perceptions of their image in society seemed an additional source of pressure. The study findings suggest a need for combining organizational with individual oriented initiatives to combat stress.


Simon McGarry pointed out a typographical error in John Molokach's Monthly MathBit, "Law of Cosines—A Proof Without Words," (2014) 121(8): 722, namely that the second line b = a cos C + c cos...


Abstract : This technical note describes the results of an aquarium study to evaluate the effectiveness of a potential fungal pathogen in managing the nuisance submersed plant Eurasian watermilfoil Myriophyllum spicatum L. (Eurasian watermilfoil; hereafter called milfoil) was first documented in the United States in 1942 but its introduction could have taken place much earlier (Couch and Nelson 1985). It now occurs in lakes, ponds, reservoirs, or rivers in 48 states (excluding Wyoming and Hawaii) and in the Canadian provinces of British Columbia, Ontario, and Quebec. Herbarium records indicate that there could have been multiple introductions, as early reports came from widely separated locations including Washington DC, the Midwest, and Arizona and California (Smith and Barko 1990). Milfoil spreads naturally by fragmentation and stolons, and anthropogenically on boating equipment. Like other aggressive invasive species, milfoil displaces native species, thereby reducing biodiversity. Its ability to grow at low temperatures allows it to quickly reach the water surface, forming a canopy that shades out other aquatic vegetation (Madsen et al. 1991). Excessive growth adversely affects recreational activities such as swimming, boating, and fishing and degrades the aesthetic appeal of a water body. Additionally, excessive growth results in clogged intakes of industrial and power-generating facilities, lowered dissolved oxygen, and increased mosquito breeding sites (Bates et al. 1985). Traditionally milfoil has been controlled with mechanical removal or herbicide applications. According to Sorsa et al. (1988), the former is cost prohibitive and the latter potentially controversial due to real or perceived threats to human health and the environment. Biological control has been studied as an option for milfoil management for over 40 years.


Given a compact, oriented 3-manifold M ⊆ S with boundary, an (M, 2n)-tangle T is a 1-manifold with 2n boundary components properly embedded in M . We say that T embeds in a link L ⊆ S if T can be completed to L by adding a 1-manifold with 2n boundary components exterior to M . The link L is called a closure of T . We focus on the case of (S ×D, 2)-tangles, also called genus-1 tangles, and consider the following question: given a genus-1 tangle G and a link L, how can we tell if L is a closure of G? This question is motivated by a particular example of a genus-1 tangle given by Krebes [K], which we denote by A. Krebes asks whether the unknot is a closure of A. We partially answer this question in Chapter 2 using a theorem of Ruberman [Ru] and cyclic branched covers of the solid torus branched over A. We prove that if Krebes' tangle A embeds in the unknot, then A must be completed to the unknot by an arc which passes through the hole of the solid torus containing A an even number of times. In Chapter 3, we discuss the Kauffman bracket ideal, which gives an obstruction to tangle embedding for general (M, 2n)-tangles. For each tangle T in M , we define an ideal IT called the Kauffman bracket ideal. It is easy to see that if IT is non-trivial, then T does not embed in the unknot. Using skein theory, we give an algorithm for computing a finite list of generators for the Kauffman bracket ideal of any genus-1 tangle, and give an example of a genus-1 tangle with non-trivial Kauffman bracket ideal. We also explore the relationship between partial closures of tangles and this ideal.


Modem dentistry is a recent development. Extraction was practically the only cure for toothache until the latter part of the eighteenth century. The entire development of modern dentistry occurred in the nineteenth century,' and mainly in the latter half of that period (19). At present there are approximately 75,000 dentists in the United States. ike physicians, they tend to be concentrated in large cities in greater percentages than is true of the general population, but not so much as medical and surgeon specialists and hospitals (27). Such studies as are available on dental needs indicate widespread decay of the teeth of children (20, 25) and of adults of various ages and


A large portion of Maillard reaction products (MRPs) cannot be absorbed in the upper gut, and therefore may be further decomposed and utilized by colonic microbiota (CM). This work reported the stability of UV-absorbent MRPs, fluorescent MRPs and peptide-bound N(ε)-(carboxymethyl)-lysine (CML) in HMW (>10 kDa), MMW (1-10 kDa) and LMW (<1 kDa) gastrointestinal-digests of glyoxal-glycated casein in the presence of CM. Fluorescent MRPs showed high stability, whereas UV-absorbent MRPs may be partially decomposed. A higher depletion rate of CML in LMW fraction (38.7%) was found than that in MMW (21.7%) and HMW (9.6%) fractions. The 16S rRNA sequencing results revealed both beneficial and detrimental changes in CM composition, as induced by glycated fractions. Generation of short chain and branched chain fatty acids in fermentation solutions with glycated fractions was significantly suppressed compared with fermentation solution with unglycated digests. This work revealed the possible interplay between peptide-bound MRPs and CM. KEYWORDS: Maillard reaction products, Colonic microbiota.


Network production process is needed to obtain a more efektid working methods and efficiently, so it can be determined time standards as guidelines for the minimum expected completion time of weeks to finish a product. The goal of scientific writing is to find efficient work by looking at the total time required for drug memprodiksi using Algorithm Method star Earliest Time and Earliest Finish Time And Free Time and Latest Finish Time. Conducted a survey of writing directly to PT.INDO FARMA to obtain accurate data are needed. The authors use the method of data processing algorithms Earliest Earliest Start Time and Finish Time and Latest Start Time and Latest Finish Time, From the calculation using the algorithm method Earliest Earliest Start Time and Finish Time and Latest Start Time and Latest Finish Time, then can be found at tablet manufacturing process through to completion has started the fastest time in hours to one hundred and nine, while the fastest time to complete all activities, namely on the one hundred and twelve hours, then known critical path of activities A, B, C, F, G, I, J and K medium D activities, E and H are not included because it has a critical path slack or loose for the time nine hours respectively.


Accurate nuclear quadrupole moment values are essential as benchmarks for nuclear structure models and for the interpretation of experimentally determined nuclear quadrupole interactions in terms of electronic and molecular structure. Here, we present a novel route to such data by combining perturbed γ-γ angular correlation measurements on free small linear molecules, realized for the first time within this work, with state-of-the-art ab initio electronic structure calculations of the electric field gradient at the probe site. This approach, also feasible for a series of other cases, is applied to Hg and Cd halides, resulting in Q(^{199}Hg,5/2^{-})=+0.674(17)  b and Q(^{111}Cd,5/2^{+})=+0.664(7)  b.


As the "bridge tower" which connects China with ASEAN,Guangxi has successfully hosted a series of sports events of China-ASEAN,which has brought great social and economic benefit.However,Guangxi lacks well-known brands.Furthermore,Brands of sports events have something to do with the prospect and development of sports events as well as the improvement of sports level and the development of marketization and industrialization in sports career,etc.According to the reference of corresponding foreign brand-development of sports events,under the status of Guangxi's hosting China-ASEAN Sports Events,this paper provides the suggestions to develop famous brands of sports events of China-ASEAN in Guangxi.


In recent years, there has been a resurgence of functional fitness training that was practicad in the ancient Shaolin Temple as part of their regular physical conditioning regimen. This type of training�done with equipment (iron rings, bamboo, vases, etc.) or without equipment�can bring a combat-ready .fitness level equal to the Shaolin monks. This article introduces iron ring and hara qigong exercises that are based on fundamental principies also found in modern training methods, such as weightlifting, and my own experience and studies in the Shaolin martial tradition. These exercises may be incorporated in any martial art practico and hopefully provide insights into the time-honored Shaolin tradition.


Integrity and security are essential for societies dependent on interconnected people, devices, organizations, and services. As engineers and computer scientists, our role is to provide critical infrastructure that is safe and secure. By secure, we mean that at all levels, instructions are executed if and only if they are authenticated and authorized. This property is known as complete mediation. Our goal is to provide engineers and computer scientists with the means to fulfill our purpose by providing systems with credible assurances that complete mediation is satisfied. Assurances of security and integrity require logical consistency from the top level with mission statements and commander's intent, down through organizational policies, rules of engagement and protocols, and ending with the execution of individual instructions by people or devices. We use logic and computer-assisted reasoning tools to describe and verify consistency. In particular, we use an access-control logic to reason about authentication and authorization. This logic is a command, control, and communications (C3) calculus. Our C3 calculus is implemented as a conservative extension to the Cambridge Higher Order Logic (HOL) theorem prover. Within HOL, we integrate our C3 calculus with an algebraic model of cryptographic operations and secure state machines, i.e., transition systems described using structural operational semantics. Our methods for modeling transition systems are parameterized in terms of state-transition functions, output functions, authentication functions, and security context. This makes our definitions and theorems scalable to infinite-state systems and allows for specialization to particular missions, protocols, and systems. The C3 calculus, algebraic models of cryptographic operations, and secure state machines implemented in HOL combine to give us the capability we call certified security by design (CSBD)1. To illustrate the use of CSBD, we include the development of a networked thermostat starting with a high-level CONOPS and refine it down to the level of an infinite-state machine with data structures describing delegations, jurisdiction, public-key certificates, and root trust assumptions. 1This technical report is the basis for Chapter 1: Certified Security by Design for the Internet of Things, appearing in Cyber-Assurance for the Internet of Things, [3]


The paper introduces an efficient method for detection and grading of Astrocytoma, a type of brain tumor in MR Brain Images. Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) is applied to Image to get information like entropy, energy, contrast, correlation and ratio of brain tumor to the MR Image etc. These are used for creation of knowledge base. After training of ANN with input and target matrix, the ANN classifies type of brain tumor. These are classified as Grade I, II, III & IV Astrocytoma brain tumor as per WHO norms.


L83 combines high levels of winter hardiness with recurrent flowering and resistance to blackspot (Diplocarpon rosae Wolf) and mildew [Sphaerotheca pannosa (Wallr. ex Fr.) Lév.]. It is crossable with an array of different rose hybrids as a pistillate and staminate parent and produces a high percentage of winter-hardy, recurrently flowering, and disease-resistant offspring.