Over the decades, a lot of studies have dealt with the traffic characteristics and phenomena at a merging area. However, relatively few analytical techniques have been developed to evaluate the traffic flow at the area and, especially, the ramp merging capacity has rarely been. This study focused on the merging behaviors that were characterized by the relationship between the shoulder lane flow and the on-ramp flow, and modeled these behaviors to determine ramp merge capacity by using gap acceptance theory. In the process of building the model, both an ideal mergence and a forced mergence were considered when ramp-merging vehicles entered the gap provided by the flow of the shoulder lane. In addition, the model for the critical gap was proposed because the critical gap was the most influential factor to determine merging capacity in the developed models. The developed models showed that the merging capacity value was on the increase as the critical gap decreased and the shoulder lane volume increased. This study has a meaning of modeling the merging behaviors including the forced merging type to determine ramp merging capacity more precisely. The findings of this study would help analyze traffic phenomena and understand traffic behaviors at a merging area, and might be applicable to decide the primary parameters of on-ramp control by considering the effects of ramp merging flow.


Rural water conservancy construction in rural areas,as an important part of the rural development,is more and more concerned by people.However,from the overall situation of current rural water conservancy project management,there are still some problems.This paper,based on the analysis on the current situation for rural water projects and problems,discussed the optimization and innovation of the management of rural water conservancy projects,and summed up the specific measures.


Abstract : Contrary to initial expectations, the end of the cold war has not resulted in a spontaneous outbreak of international peace and stability. While the nuclear threat has diminished, previously suppressed ethnic and nationalistic rivalries have boiled over and become additive to existing trouble spots in Korea and Southwest Asia. In spite of these challenges, defense spending and military forward presence have declined as the lack of a peer competitor has deprived our national security strategy of a definable threat. The Air Expeditionary Force (AEF) attempts to deal with the uncertainty of the current volatile world by providing regional commanders in chief with effects-based packages of airpower that can quickly respond to US national security requirements. This employment strategy attempts to balance international uncertainty with a decreased forward presence and reduced force structure. Recently the Air Force has also touted the AEF as a tool to manage an operational tempo and deployment rate problem that is causing retention difficulties. In his paper Colonel Nowak, USAF, argues that while the AEF is a step in the right direction, the focus appears to be too narrow. Current Air Force AEF planning is oriented toward a conventional force-on-force-style aggression like those aggressions we have seen in Iraq and the former republics of Yugoslavia. However, the most probable use of an AEF will be in a noncombat role, supporting humanitarian or peacekeeping operations. In these "non-traditional" types of AEFs, personnel and leadership skills, as well as the force composition, will be markedly different from a combat-style AEF. The study begins by reviewing the international and domestic context that has caused the Air Force to focus on expeditionary operations. It continues by discussing the historical roots of the AEF and its current employment philosophy.


A heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation robust (HAR) test statistic is proposed to detect the presence of rational bubbles in financial assets when errors are strongly dependent. The asymptotic theory of the test statistic is developed. Unlike conventional test statistics that lead to a too large type I error under strongly dependent errors, the new test does not suffer from the same size problem. In addition, it can consistently timestamp the origination and termination dates of a rational bubble. Monte Carlo studies are conducted to check the finite sample performance of the proposed test and estimators. An empirical application to the S&P 500 index highlights the usefulness of the proposed test statistic and estimators. JEL classification: C12, C22, G01


The aim of present work is to study the cross-contamination and survival capacity of Aeromonas spp. on different food contacts in the kitchen. The recovery ratios of Aeromonas spp. using swabbing method from cutting boards and knives were firstly examined. Then,the survival of Aeromonas spp. on clean and contaminated cutting boards,stainless steel knives surfaces was studied. Based on the survival data and recovery ratios of Aeromonas spp.,expected numbers of Aeromonas spp. on cutting boards and knives were calculated. Mathematical models describing survival of Aeromonas spp. as a function of time were also proposed. Meanwhile, in term of cutting boards as the cross contamination approach,combining survival model and further study were conducted to investigate the influence of the survival of Aeromonas spp. on the cross contamination level. Results indicated that the best fitting of recovery ratios of Aeromonas spp. from cutting boards and knives obtained by @ Risk were Normal( 0. 66,0. 15) and Normal( 0. 72,0. 18),respectively. And Aeromonas spp. proved to survive longer on the contaminated cutting boards and knives than on the clean ones. Survival data for Aeromonas spp. could be well described by linear model( R2 0. 88),and models without survival models included would overestimate the risk associated to bacterial transfer.


Ansa cervicalis is a loop of nerves in the carotid triangle of neck. Its upper root is the descending branch of hypoglossal nerve, which joins the lower root that is formed by branches from the second and third cervical nerves. The ansa cervicalis nerve formation is relatively complex, as its course and location along the great vessels of the neck vary. In the present case, on the left side of the neck of a 40-year-old male cadaver the upper root of ansa cervicalis came from vagus nerve . Neuroanatomy; 2005; 4: 8–9.


Abstract: With a comprehensive study on the petrology, geology and geochemistry of some Ordovician granule limestone samples in the Tahe Oilfield of the Tarim Basin, two stages of burial dissolution were put forward as an in‐source dissolution and out‐source dissolution based on macro‐microcosmic petrology and geochemistry features. The main differences in the two stages are in the origin and moving pass of acid fluids. Geochemical evidence indicates that burial dissolution fluids might be ingredients of organic acids, CO2 and H2S associated with organic matter maturation and hydrocarbon decomposition, and the in‐source fluid came from organic matter in the granule limestone itself, but the out‐source was mainly from other argillaceous carbonate rocks far away. So, the forming of a burial dissolution reservoir resulted from both in‐source and the out‐source dissolutions. The granule limestone firstly formed unattached pinholes under in‐source dissolution in situ, and afterwards suffered wider dissolution with out‐source fluids moving along unconformities, seams, faults and associate fissures. The second stage was much more important, and the mineral composition in the stratum and heat convection of the fluid were also important in forming favorable reservoirs.


Since January 2005, the surname juridical reform gives parents the possibility of choosing their child (ren)'s surname between those of the mother, those of the father, or one of their associations. This choice principle in the surname transmission introduces a sort of factual temporality in the nomination process. From an unconditionally acquired surname, as a strict consequence of filiation, we go to a surname attributed by an individual will, tuned to the psychological resonance of what, for parents, makes context to their child's birth. Legitimated and organised, the choice institutes a genealogical discontinuity, and at the same time it exposes the surname to contingency of factual and psychological circumstances which accompany the child's birth. The adoption of a new law allows us to question the subjective elaboration – the conscious one as well as the unconscious – of the link by which every subject, linking to his origins, bases a "precedence" and bases himself in a "precedence".


come intervention in the growing literature on how neoliberalism fuels an economic and social precariat connected by shared conditions of insecurity. A study of ''noncitizenship,'' this collection is divided into three parts: Mobility and Migration; Labor and Precarity; and Belonging and (Non)citizenship. The first part explores fractal forms of citizenship shaped by surveillance technologies, from the deportability of British Windrush citizens (Bridget Anderson) to translocal networkdriven migration (Adrián Félix), dispossession (Felicity Amaya Schaeffer), displacement (Alejandro Grimson), and the ''refugeecitizen'' (Tsering Wangmo Dhompa). The second part theorizes the politics of precarity through noncitizen vulnerabilities, emphasizing legal status (Rhacel Salazar Parreñas and Krittiya Kantachote) and wage theft (Shannon Gleeson), and illustrating a collective global precariat (Marcel Paret; Claudia Maria López). In the final section of the book, degrees of membership, racial capitalism, and social mobilities are engaged through noncitizenship (Katherine Tonkiss and Tendayi Bloom), denizenship (Nicholas de Genova), migrant demands for regularization, (Susan Bibler Coutin and Véronique Fortin), and forms of imperial citizenship (Emily Mitchell-Eaton). In the Afterword, Tanya Golash-Boza reminds us that global capitalism continues to be constituted by borders, an expanding precariat, and unequal citizenships, from global South to North. The collection offers a hopeful yet critical response to engaging shared and embodied vulnerabilities that inform a new political condition, and a response to the determination of a ''deserving'' subject. The End of Illusions: Politics, Economy, and Culture in Late Modernity, by Andreas Reckwitz. Translated by Valentine A. Pakis. Medford, MA: Polity, 2021. 244 pp. $69.95 cloth. ISBN: 9781509545698.


In an industrial system the concept of an economic elite derives its validity from the concentration of economic power within a relatively few corporations which become linked to one another and to the principal financial corporations through interlocking directorships. Evidence must also be given to show that an economic elite is something more than a statistical class of directors. To be a sociologically significant group its members must, by interacting in a variety of contexts, acquire a degree of social homogeneity. Board rooms are not their only meeting-places. Common educational backgrounds, partnerships, common membership in clubs, trade associations, fraternal organizations, and philanthropic groups are among the further indications of homogeneity of social type.


Endoscoric injection therapy was performed in 341 patients consecutively admitted with a bleeding peptic ulcer at high risk of further hemorrhage, assessed by the presence of active arterial bleeding or a nonbleeding visible vessel at emergency endoscopy. Initial hemostasis was achieved in 111 of 119 actively bleeding patients (93%). Rebleeding ocurred in 75 cases (23%), at a mean interval of 53±52 h. A second emergency injection was a ttempted in 36 therapeutic failures, and was successful in 20 (55%). Emergency surgery was finally required in 52 patients (15%). Overall mortality was 4.9%. Major complications occurred in four patients (1.2%) (two perforations and two aspiration pneumonia); therefore, injection therapy is an effective and simple method for treating bleeding ulcers, achieving the initial control of hemorrhage in a majority of cases although the rate of further hemorrhage is not negligible and complications are not irrelevant.


Ultrasonography has become one of the most popular techniques for noninvasive body assessment. The advent of sophisticated Doppler imaging has added an "information about blood flow" dimension. However, searching for complex details, despite enhanced system design and capabilities, place an increased demand on the operator. Examination technique and equipment settings are potential sources of error and therefore to obtain and interpret Doppler indices well it is essential to understand the physics of the Doppler principle and the dynamics of blood flow.


Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus in childrenThirty three patients with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus and onset before 15 years of age wereretrospectively studied on a multidisciplinary basis. Sixteen girls and seventeen boys have been under continuouscontrol in a metropolitan hospital of Santiago, Chile, 70%of them had less than 5 years of illness at the moment ofthe study, and 45%gavc family history of diabetes. In most cases their illness begun between 5 and 9 years of age,ketoacidosis was the presenting feature in almost half of this children. Growth patterns were regular and around the50th percentile for height and weight until puberty, but afterwards delayed progress occurred specially in girls.Insulin requirements in most patients were about 1 U x kg x day and a one morning dose schedule was usuallyappropriate for their needs. Insulin induced hipoglicemia was the most common complication (17 patients),followed by diabetic ketoacidosis (7 patients). Chronic complications occurred in 5 patients, retinopathy in 3, andlipodistrophy in 2 cases.(Keywords: diabetes mellitus, insulin dependent, hyperglicemia).


The radiation syndrome that kills mice in 3.5 days was found to be mainly due to irradiation of the small intestine. Radiation injuries were defined by anatomical fractionation following irradiation first of the entire body region, then of smaller areas, and finally of surgically exposed individual organs. Irradiation with 1200 rad or more of any region that includes the entire small intestine resulted in death at precisely the same time as irradiation of the whole body. Irradiation of any major fraction of the bowel alone resulted in death under the same circumstances but at a slightly later time, and irradiation of the entire body minus the protected surgically exposed small intestine did not cause a comparable syndrome. The sequence of histological changes in the intestinal epithelium after irradiation is described and cell population kinetics in the irradiated animal is discussed. (C.H.)


A 4-bit 6GS/s A/D converter is designed for a serial-link receiver and features an embedded adjustable one-tap DFE. Feedback-delay is relaxed through applying DFE to a 10-way interleaved pipelined architecture. Code-overlapping is used to remove residual ISI. Measured performance at 6GS/s shows 22.5dB of low-frequency input SNDR. DFE tap-coefficient is adjustable from 0 to 0.25 with 6-bits of programmable weight. The 1.8/spl times/1.6mm/sup 2/ chip is fabricated in 0.18/spl mu/m CMOS technology and consumes 780mW at 1.8V power-supply.


I am convinced that the Trendelenburg1method of anesthetizing plays an important role in the prevention of postoperative ileus and shock, and therefore believe it worthy of consideration by this section. It is a well known fact that trauma to the small intestine is one of the direct causes of postoperative shock and ileus. An experienced surgeon can often predict just which patient is going to have a stormy convalescence by the amount of trauma the small intestine has, of necessity, been subjected to during the operation; for trauma to the small intestine differs very much in its harmful effects from trauma to the other intra-abdominal organs. Indeed, some of the most comfortable patients we see after operation are those who have had resections of the large intestine, or extensive operations on the stomach, and some of the sickest are those with the quiet distended abdomens, regurgitation, restlessness and


) 884. WALTZ, J. M. (1985) 'Spinal-cord stimulation in the treatment of cerebral palsy.' L)evelopmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 21, 109. (Abstract ofpaper presented at the I984 Annual Meeting qf the American Academy of Cerebral Pa1s.v and Developmental Medicine.) 885. WILl.IAMS, S. F., FERGLJSON-PELL, M., COCHRAN, G. V A N B. (1985) 'Characterization and treatment patterns of 122 spastic diplegic patients.' DevelopmentalMedicineanri Child Neurology, 21, 1 16. (Abstract o f paper presented at the I984 Annual Meeting of the American Academy .for Cerebral Palsy and Developmental Medicine.) 886. WINTERS, T. F., GAGE, J. R. (1985) 'Gait patterns in spastic hemiplegia secondary to cerebral palsy.' Developmental Medicine and Child Neuro1og.v. 21, 105106. (Abstract ofpaper presented at the 1984 Annual Meeting of the American Academy for Cerebral Pal.sy and Developmentul Medicine. )


The yields and purities of total flavonoids from Cyclocarya paliurus purified by six kinds of macroporous resins were compared.D101 was proved to be the best resin,by which the purity of total flavonoids was up to 75.1%.


Diploma thesis called Analysis of the loan for a client deals with the provision of housing loans by banks operating in the Slovak market. Diploma thesis is divided into three chapters. The aim of the first chapter in the theory to clarify the nature of loans, division of banking credit products, legislation and legal aspects of lending. Includes types of housing loans, loans repayment options, risks and bank credit agreement, which is an integral part of the loan. The second chapter describes the general conditions for granting loans and review conditions of the housing loans in the three selected banks. The third chapter includes a drawing of a fictional example of a housing loan in the Slovak Savings Bank, the General Credit Bank and the Czechoslovak Trade Bank and the proposal most advantageous solution for the client. The aim of thesis is to compare offers housing loans in three banks selected, to compare the conditions for disbursing the loan in the bank and then propose the best solution for the client.


This study aimed at identifying the effect of using the computer for improving students'' writing skill performance of the first secondary grade in Jordan. The sample which was randomly chosen consisted of 59 first secondary grade students (literary stream). The sample was divided into two groups: an experimental group (n=28) which used the word Processor program to write a composition, and a control group (n=31) which used pencil and paper to write the same composition. The reliability of the procedures of test and the method was checked . The results of the study revealed significant statistical differences attributed to the teaching method in favor of the experimental group, and revealed no significant statistical differences attributed to sex. Interaction of method and sex revealed significant statistical differences in favor of the experimental group and the male students whereas the differences were equal for male and female students in the control group. The study was concluded with some recommendations in the light of the results.


Purpose: We compared the amount of surgically induced astigmatism according to the incision size in cataract operation. Methods: One hundred one eyes of 82 patients underwent cataract operation with temporal clear corneal incision. The eyes were classified into 3 groups according to IOL types and incision size: Group I; after 3.2mm sized incision, acrylic IOL was inserted using the injector. Group II; after 3.6mm sized incision, acrylic IOL was inserted using forceps. Group III; after 3.2mm sized incison, silicone IOL was inserted using the injector. The visual acuity and astigmatism was evaluated at preoperation, 1 week, 1 month and 2 months after the operation. Results: In all groups, visual acuity was significantly improved at 1 week after the operation. Only in group II, astigmatism was increased statistically significantly at 1 week after the operation. The change of astigmatism in group I was statistically less than that in group II at 1 week after operation. In any groups, the change of astigmatism showed no difference at 1 month and 2 months after the operation. Conclusions: The 3.2 mm clear corneal incision for injector shows significantly smaller surgically induced astigmatism than that of 3.6 mm clear corneal incision for forcep in cataract surgery.


In recent years, III–V semiconductor nanowires have been widely investigated for infrared photodetector applications due to their direct and suitable bandgap, unique optical and electrical properties, flexibility in device design and to create heterostructures, and/or grow on a foreign substrate such as Si with more effective strain relaxation compared with planar structures. In particular, vertically aligned and ordered nanowire arrays have emerged as a promising photodetector platform, since their geometry‐related light absorption and carrier transport properties can be tailored to achieve high photodetector performance and new functionalities. In this article, the state‐of‐the‐art progress in the development of various types of infrared photodetectors based on III–V semiconductor nanowire arrays is reviewed. The nanowire synthesis/fabrication methods are introduced briefly at first, followed by discussions on the working principle and device performance of various types of nanowire array‐based photodetectors and their emerging applications. Finally, we analyze the challenges and present the perspectives for the development of future low‐cost, large‐scale, high‐performance nanowire array infrared photodetectors for practical applications.


The invention provides a stop/start vehicle. The stop/start vehicle includes at least one controller that, in response to predicting a vehicle stop, initiates an engine pre-shutdown protocol such that vehicle subsystems begin to prepare for engine shutdown prior to a speed of the vehicle reaching approximately zero to reduce time between the speed of the vehicle reaching approximately zero and engine shutdown.


Purpose: To develop a method of integrating optimization of spot position into the inverse planning of intensity modulated proton therapy (IMPT), and evaluate the potential improvement of treatment plan quality, particularly in the case of limited intensity levels. Method and Materials: To obtain the optimal treatment plan with fixed discrete intensity levels, the beam weights and positions are optimized separately in an alternate manner. First, the beam weights are optimized as continuous variables and subsequently rounded to the nearest intensity levels. Then the beamlet, or spot, positions are optimized with this set of weights. This process is repeated until the plan is acceptable. The same objective function is used for both optimizations and is similar to that used in traditional IMPT. The optimization engine uses a sequential quadratic programming method. Results: The algorithm is evaluated on an ellipsoid water phantom with a spherical target at the center, treated with single field spot scanning. With 10 intensity levels, merely rounding the beam intensities to the nearest levels resulted in homogeneity index (HI = (D2%‐D98%)/Dmean) increasing from 1.31% to 10.5%. The final optimized plan achieved HI of 1.51%. With 5 intensity levels, severe under‐dosage on the PTV (D98 at 71.85% prescription dose and HI of 40.7%) is observed if only rounding the beam intensity. Our algorithm yielded a plan of HI of 5.76%. Conclusions: Incorporating the optimization of proton beamlet positions into the inverse treatment planning system of IMPT offers more flexibility. Our phantom study suggests rounding the beam intensities to the nearest levels can be acceptable with more than 10 levels. In the case of greatly limited number of intensity levels, alternately optimizing the beamlet weights and positions is a feasible solution and can achieve treatment plans of comparable uniformity and conformity to traditional IMPT with continuous intensity levels.


Characterising the presence and impact of natural fractures is a challenge in many complex carbonate reservoirs. This article describes the successful integration of data across well-bore to field-wide scales of observation, from a Jurassic reservoir, onshore Abu Dhabi. Key to this exercise was the detailed structural and sedimentological analysis of image log data. Maximum value was gained from the image logs by using a customized interpretation framework, and were integrated with open-hole log data and where available, core descriptions. Analysis from key pilot and appraisal wells demonstrated that the reservoir is lithologically heterogeneous, but has a predictable vertical succession of packages, defined by image facies associations that are largely correlatable across the field.


The clinical management and subsequent outcome of pediatric and neonatal patients can improve significantly with the availability of effective and safe medicines if appropriately investigated in the relevant population [1]. This is also the case for neonates treated with hypothermia for perinatal asphyxia. However, the vast majority of medicines are developed with adult pathophysiology in mind and are not guided by neonatal (patho)physiology. Drug development is mainly driven by adult indications, subsequently tailored or repurposed for use in neonates, with exogenous surfactant as the latest but hopefully not last example of drug discovery specific to neonates [2].


ABSTRACT Diarrheal is still the leading cause of death in the world, about 5-10 million deaths/year. Morbidity and mortality rate caused by diarrhea still high. World Health Organization estimates 4 billion cases worldwide and 2.2 million are dead, and most children are under 5 years old. The purpose of the activity is to increase people knowledge about diarrhea in children, and using public health of Sekincau. The education was done at Saturday, December 16, 2017. Methods using education among mothers about diarrhea in the work area public  health center Sekincau West Lampung Barat. There was significant influence on mother's knowledge before and after education. Provision of education to people Keywords : Diarrhea, Children, Knowledge.


Multiple input Wiener systems consist of two or more linear dynamic elements, whose outputs are summed and then transformed by a static non-linearity. This paper demonstrates that these systems can be identified when the inputs are driven by independent Gaussian signals. An iterative algorithm is presented, which achieves this. Simulation results demonstrate its application. THEORY In this development, we will assume that the system in Figure 1 is driven by two independent zero mean Gaussian signals, whose spectra are wide enough for system identification purposes. Furthennore, we will assume that the static nonlinearity, m(.), can be represented as a polynomial. m


This study investigates how three major criminal incidents that occur in Bangladesh are presented in the Daily Star (DS) — a mainstream English language print newspaper with the highest circulation in the country. By examining front page news reports, editorials and photographs portraying these three incidents, this study demonstrates that in cases where both the power elite and their collaborators are involved in criminal activities, the former receives a favorable coverage while the later working as aides to the elites, receives a 'criminal' image. In addition, by using the concept of media framing, this study provides evidence that the DS commercializes crime and criminals. In conclusion, this study also observes that this newspaper is not in a position to provide accurate information to their readers at all times due to suppression by the government that interrupts the journalistic practice of providing accurate information. ________________________________________________________________________


BACKGROUND: This study was carried out to investigate the association of Cross Linked C-Telopeptide Type I & II Collagen (CTX-I and II) and hyaluronic acid (HA) with knee osteoarthritis (OA) severity. METHODS: Sixty menopause women with primary knee OA were enrolled in this study during their visits to the Outpatient Department. Patients with knee pain during weight bearing, active or passive range of motion, or tenderness with Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grade of more than I were included. Patients with injury, inflammatory and metabolic diseases were excluded. Patients were put in a 10-hour fasting prior to withdrawal of morning blood samples for examinations of HA, CTX-I, interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), and high sensitivity C reactive protein (hs-CRP) level. Second void morning urine specimens were taken for CTXII assessment. HA, CTX-I and II levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: Sixty menopausal female patients were included in this study, 35 with KL grade II, 17 grade III, and 8 grade IV. Means of CTX-II were significantly different between subjects KL grade IV and III ( p =0.021). Correlation of KL grade was significant with CTX-II ( p =0.001, r=0.412) and HA ( p =0.0411, r=0.269). KL grades were not significantly associated with CTX-I ( p =0.8364, r=-0.0272); IL-1β ( p =0.5773, r=0.0853) and hs-CRP ( p =0.2625, r=0.1470). CONCLUSION: CTX-II and HA were associated with severity of knee OA, suggesting that CTX-II and HA can be used as marker for knee OA severity. KEYWORDS: CTX-II, hyaluronic acid, otestoarthritis, knee


Objective: To review adverse cutaneous drug reactions induced by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-&agr;) antagonist therapy. Methods: A literature search was performed using PubMed (1996–March 2009), EMBASE, and selected MEDLINE Ovid bibliography searches. All language clinical trial data, case reports, letters, and review articles identified from the data sources were used. Results: Since the introduction of TNF-&agr; antagonist, the incidence of adverse cutaneous drug reactions has increased significantly. A wide range of different skin lesions might occur during TNF-&agr; antagonist treatment. New onset or exacerbation of psoriasis has been reported in patients treated with TNF-&agr; antagonists for a variety of rheumatologic conditions. TNF-&agr; antagonist therapy has been associated with a lupus-like syndrome; most of these case reports occurred in patients receiving either etanercept or infliximab. Serious skin reactions such as erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and toxic epidermal necrolysis have been reported rarely with the use of TNF-&agr; antagonists. Conclusions: As the use of TNF-&agr; antagonists continues to increase, the diagnosis and management of cutaneous side effects will become an increasingly important challenge. In patients receiving TNF-&agr; antagonist treatment, skin disease should be considered, and clinicians need to be aware of the adverse reactions of these drugs.


The paper presents a comparison of acousto-electrical models of Helmholtz resonator in photoacoustic applications. Different definitions of model with lumped elements were compared with a transmission line model and experimental data.


Architectural reconstruction of 3D building objects from 2D drawings is a vital approach for model reconstructing.2D graphic symbol recognition of the constructional components is the key to reconstruct the 3D model.The existing algorithms of graphic symbol recognition are lack of robustness,scalability and with low recognition ability to graphic transformation.The paper constructed the attributed graph to express the geometrical characteristics,the topological relationships and the characteristics of semantic of architectural drawing symbols unified.The recognition approach with attributed graph could expand flexibly and have resistance to rotation transformation and scaling transformation.Finally,the threedimensional architectural model was achieved automatically by using 3D Max modeling script.


The moving grate systems of waste-to-energy (WTE) mass-burn combustion chambers are designed for providing efficient flow and mixing of the municipal solid waste (MSW) over the length of the grade. This study presents results from a numerical analysis of the effect of number of reciprocating bars and reciprocation speed on the degree of mixing and residence time of MSW particles on the grate. A particle-based bed model of MSW and a physical model of reverse-acting grate were used in order to quantify the mixing diffusion coefficient of MSW particles. We analyzed the particle mixing with different parameters: particle size (d = 6–22cm diameter), reciprocation speed of moving bars (Rr = 0–90recip./h), and number of moving bars (Nb = 0 to 16 bars). This combination of mathematical modeling and experimental work has shown that: (1) different particle sizes result in different residence times, according to the Brazil Nut Effect (BNE) (2) The number of moving bars (from 0 to 16 bars) of a reverse-acting grate has the net effect of increasing the mean residence time of small and medium sized particles, while decreasing that of large particles. (3) The bar height, h, was found to be one of the major geometric parameters influencing mixing diffusion coefficient, D, and residence time.Copyright © 2013 by ASME


98 Executive Summary This policy brief looks at promoting Peasant Reserve Zones (ZRC) as a model for strengthening peasant communities affected by the ongoing-armed conflict in Colombia. It will also consider the direct relationship between violence, land grabs and the systematic implementation of neoliberal policies in the countryside. Likewise, this monopolistic occupation of land represents a delivered attempt to restrict peasant communities from their access to suitable territories and natural resources, often threatening traditional livelihoods. This policy brief highlights the reconfiguration of peasant communities by designing developmental alternatives at ZRC to confront land accumulation dynamics. By providing peasants with control over their territories and natural resources in ZRC the continual development of rural communities in conflict-prone areas will be guaranteed.


Wireless camera-based sensor networks have developed as a main group of distributed intelligent systems. These systems involve huge number of low-power camera nodes to display an environment such as museums, military regions, airports, traffic control etc. One of the more important problems in smart networks is camera coverage control. It is necessary to allow automatic tracking of targets and monitoring the environment without human intervention, allowing these systems to scale. Since this problem is NP-hard, even for static targets, so Meta heuristic method such as genetic algorithm, Particle swarm optimization have been proposed to achieve near-optimal solution, which are with high time complexity. To overcome problem the distributed particle swarm optimization is examined in this paper. Simulation results show that the distributed particle swarm optimization results near-optimal solution faster.


Diversity of cultured alternative species has been increasing with development of aquarium sector. As a result of this situation, invertebrate species have become popular creatures for aquarists. Among these species, freshwater shrimps have a good place in the aquarium industry with many types and varieties. Red cherry shrimps (Neocaridina denticulata) originated to Taiwan are one of the leading species of this group about to enter the aquarium. Nevertheless, there are very few scientific studies with this species. In this study, the effects of different aquarium feeds (Spirulina granule, granule, flake, stick) on growth performance and survival rate of red cherry shrimp were investigated. Different formed feeds which are widely used in the aquarium industry and nutritional contents closed to each other were used in this research. The study was carried out in 12 glass aquariums (50 L) with three replicates. 30 individuals with mean weight of 0.30±0.01 g and mean total lenght of 1.40±0.01 cm were placed to each aquarium because of shrimps live in groups. At the end of the study, there are statistical differences among the treatments (P<0.05). According to growth data, the highest development has been shown at Spirulina granule group with mean final weight of 0.85±0.04 g and mean final total lenght of 2.12±0.04 cm. In conclusion, using of plant-based feeds are recommended for nutrition of red cherry shrimps. Keywords: Aquarium, feeding, Neocaridina denticulata, Red cherry shrimp


Objective To investigate the atherectomy in the biopsy diagnosis and treatment of breast tumor. Methods 63 patients with breast tumor(86 lesions) in our hospital from January 2008 to January 2013 were treated with ultrasound-guided minimal invasive atherectomy of breast tumor. The breast tumor tissue was taken for biopsy diagnosis, and the clinical value of atherectomy in the treatment of breast tumor was evaluated. Results All lesions were removed successfully. In all 63 patients(86 lesions), there were 6 cases(7 lesions) of breast cancer, 16 cases(19 lesions) of adenosis of breast, 18 cases(19 lesions) of adenosis with fibroadenoma forming, and 23(41 lesions) of breast fibroadenoma. Conclusions Tumor minimally invasive biopsy system can confirm the diagnosis of suspicious lesions, and completely resect benign breast lesions. It is easy to operate and safe, with less invasive and good cosmetic results. If breast tumor is malignant tissue, the tissue specimens of minimally invasive atherectomy can determine the biological characteristics of cancer tissue, and according to the results of breast tumor tissue pathology, patients can receive further treatment.


273 Essays in Economic & Business History Volume XXXIV, 2016 has contributed to better understanding special economic interest groups and their impact upon the political system in his book entitled Era of Experimentation. Carl Lane's A Nation Wholly Free is a worthy addition to this growing genre and deserves a place on the bookshelf of any serious amateur or professional historian seeking to better understand American political economy during the Age of Jackson. Most importantly, this book provides poignant observations that apply to our own time.


This article theorizes new urban religio-scapes in metropolitan Bangkok, a city space of contradictory modernities. Here, I look at two contrasting Buddhist monastic spaces of sanctity from periods of fieldwork between 1998 and 2002. Firstly, as found in the modern semblance of order and discipline at the radically neo-conservative Dhammakaya Movement (lit. "Body of Dhamma"). Secondly, the chaotic, disordered flamboyant and kitsch space of the Sanam Chan Monastery on the outskirts of the ever-expanding Thai post-metropolis, which has similarities with the consumerist contemporary "Buddhist" feature art of the arcades and shopping centres. I argue that Wat (Monastery) Sanam Chan is a postmodern representation of sanctity; it is a response to modernity, while Dhammakaya, aside from its immense spectacle, reflects more the essentialist conditions inherent in modernity. Nevertheless, it is clear that both spaces of sanctity challenge the established religious hierarchy, its perceived orthodoxy, legitimation and the ethical bases of civic religion in Thailand.


Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Rationale: Timely inhibition of inflammation and initiation of resolution are important to repair injured tissues. MST1/2 (mammalian STE20-like protein kinase 1/2) acts as a regulator of macrophage-associated immune responses to bacterial infections. However, the role of MST1/2 in regulating macrophage phenotype and function in myocardial infarction (MI) remains unclear. Objective: To determine the function and underlying mechanism of macrophage MST1/2 in cardiac repair post-MI. Methods and Results: Using LysMCre-mediated Mst1/2-deficient mice, we found that MST1 deficiency exacerbated cardiac dysfunction after MI. Single-cell RNA sequencing assay indicated that the effect was attributed to a shift of macrophage subtypes from those expressing Cxcl2 and Cd163 toward Ccl2 and Ccl4 expression. Mass spectrometry identified LTB4 (leukotriene B4) as the lipid mediator that was upregulated in the absence of MST1. We found that MST1 phosphorylated 5-LOX (5-lipoxygenase) at its T218 residue, disrupting the interaction between 5-LOX and 5-LOX-activating protein, resulting in a reduction of LTB4 production. In contrast, a 5-LOXT218A variant showed no response to MST1. Moreover, treatment of peritoneal macrophages with LTB4 or medium conditioned by Mst1-deficient macrophages resulted in high Ccl2 and Ccl4 expression and low Cxcl2 and Cd163 expression, except when the cells were co-treated with the BLT1 (LTB4 receptor 1) antagonist CP105696. Furthermore, CP105696 ameliorated cardiac dysfunction in LysMCre-mediated Mst1/2-deficient mice and enhanced cardiac repair in wild-type mice treated with XMU-MP-1 (4-((5,10-dimethyl-6-oxo-6,10-dihydro-5H-pyrimido[5,4-b]thieno[3,2-e][1,4]diazepin-2-yl)amino)benzenesulfonamide) after MI. Conclusions: Taken together, our results demonstrate that inhibition of MST1/2 impaired post-MI repair through activating macrophage 5-LOX–LTB4–BLT1 axis.


Article History: Purpose: In this study, the use of real environments in education and making students face real problems has been taken as a basis. The question "What is the relationship between the philosophical roots of authentic learning & geography education?" was determined as the problem status of this study. Research Methods: The method of this study was a document review. Accordingly, the philosophers selected by purposeful sampling within the educational sciences intellectual history, and their works were retrospectively examined, and the intellectual roots of authentic learning were investigated. Received: 6 Jan. 2020 Received in revised form: 17 Sept. 2020 Accepted: 18 Nov. 2020 DOI: 10.14689/ejer.2020.90.10


Publicly reported statistics on the production of fisheries available refer to 'landings' as opposed to 'catch'. However, wellinformed decisions and evaluation of the impacts of fisheries on ecosystems must be based on total removals, so including the part of the catch that is discarded at sea or not reported as landings. Total removals by Belgian fisheries from its Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) and further afield were reconstructed for the time period 1950-2010 by including unreported and misreported landings of the commercial fleet, unreported landings by the recreational and artisanal/subsistence fisheries and by estimating discards for the most important fisheries. Total reconstructed landings were 1.47 times that reported officially by ICES Fishstat.. Unreported landings and discards were estimated to represent respectively 1.9% and 30.0% of these total reconstructed removals. The results suggest that since the 1990s, over 50% of all Belgian removals from the Belgian part of the North Sea (BNS; i.e., Belgium's EEZ waters) are unreported landings and discards (IUU). The unreported landings and discards are increasingly taken by non-commercial, small-scale (<12m) vessels that are not subject to reporting and not taken into consideration in planning, monitoring and enforcement. While the present paper provides an initial attempt to reconstruct historical total removals for Belgium's sea fisheries, it also addresses the gaps in data and information that need to be resolved to improve the reliability of the estimates of unaccounted removals. The reconstructed time series provides a context for the wider debate about how to move to more sustainable fisheries, what the role of small-scale fisheries are, how to achieve the agreed policy targets in Belgian marine waters and in particular in the marine areas protected under the EU Habitat and Bird directives.


A series of push-out tests of rectangular concrete-filled tubular columns (CFT) was recently conducted. The objective of this research program was to identify the shear transfer mechanisms between the infilled concrete and the steel tube and to determine a method for evaluating the capacity of the steel-concrete interface in a CFT column. The experimental variables investigated were the wall slenderness ratio (b/t) of the steel tube and the use of shear tab connections to apply axial load to the steel tube. The results of this study indicated that three mechanisms are responsible for shear transfer along the steel-concrete interface in a push-out specimen: adhesion to the concrete to the steel surface, friction, and wedging of the concrete core. The role of each mechanism in transferring shear between the concrete and steel in the CFT push-out specimen at various stages of load and slip is discussed. Design guidelines for shear transfer in rectangular CFT columns are presented, including a proposed bond strength equation and a recommended strength reduction factor for bond.


In order to decrease vehicle flowrate in weaving sections and circumambulating distance of left-turning vehicles,we put forward the conceptual design of Satellite Island Roundabout which was based on the analysis of the shunt method of Roundabout.The current Roundabout was recombinated and improved as followed.First,satellite island was constructed at the end of every road.Second,vehicles circumambulated central island when came in.Third,right-turning lanes were separated.Then the configuration of it was designed.Aimed at the method of traffic organization,we focused on the selective analysis of moving paths of left-turning and u-turning vehicles with the help of traffic flow analysis technics.It turned out that it could enhance traffic capacity substantially,especially in the intersections where numerous vehicles turn left or make a u-turn.It provides a new choice for modern at-Grade intersection design.


We examine an endogenous growth model in which market frictions are an integral part of the economic environment. Workers invest in education when young, which raises their productivity once employed. The level of schooling also acts as a key determinant of the rate of economic growth by influencing workers' ability to accumulate additional human capital on-the-job. Once schooling is completed, workers search for employment. The division of the surplus between vacancies and searching workers is characterized, as is the optimal level of education. The economy may display multiple steady-state growth paths.


Cardiometabolic Research Group and MTA-SE System Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary;Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary;Department of Morphology and Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, and Department of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary;Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximillians-Universität (LMU) München, Munich, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany; Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Münster, Münster, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine I, SRH Central Hospital Suhl, Suhl, Germany; Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003—CiM), University of Münster, Münster, Germany


A novel type of palladium(II) complexes containing a chelated acetylacetonate anion, carbon-bonded pyridyl ligand, and triphenylphosphine were prepared. They undergo the coordination-site exchange catalyzed by the phosphine freed from the reacting complex (autocatalysis) or the nitrogen end of the carbon-bonded pyridine in the reacting species (self-catalysis).


to be Manufactured and Used in China A Major Qualifying Project Report Submitted to the Faculty of the WORCESTER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering by: Brian Catalano Todd Coolidge With Partners from: Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, China Jiang Keqiang Li Xin Zhang Yu Date: October 3, 2006 Approved:


text. As we have seen, she is so faithful a translator that she even risks unnatural English in order to preserve Japanese idiom. I must report having found, in one of the passages which I chose at random for comparison with the original, two phrases of obvious archaic flavour for which no warrant could be found in the Japanese (for instance, "as one afflicted in all his members," page 47, turns out to be yamai no yoshi nite, "feigning illness"). But such examples cannot, I think, be very numerous, and in general this must be considered a very reliable translation. Viewed not from a literary standpoint but simply from the point of view of accuracy, it can be highly recommended.


The COVID-19 pandemic that has hit the world since early 2020 has also affected the education system in Malaysia. The push for change across all aspects of schooling, including Islamic co-curricular activities in schools, necessitated implementation according to the new norm, namely online. This study uses a qualitative approach aimed at exploring the types of Islamic co-curriculum practices and identifying the challenges of online implementation in secondary schools in the Putrajaya locality. Eleven Islamic activity coordinator teachers were selected using the purposive sampling technique. Data collected through interviews were analyzed thematically using ATLAS.ti version 9.0 software. The results of the study found that four types of school Islamic co-curricular activity are implemented namely lecture, religious practice, contest, and modular activity. The main challenges in implementation are internet access problems, interaction limitations, student motivation, digital device ownership, and technical skills. Therefore, to ensure that the implementation of the Islamic co-curriculum has a positive impact on students, these problems need to be adequately addressed. For the future study, it is a need to examine quantitatively the impact of online Islamic co-curriculum activities on students.


It was found possible to demonstrate the presence of acid in nervous tissue by the use of phenolsulphonephthalein as an indicator. The latter was employed in a 0.2 per cent. solution in Ringer's fluid, made slightly alkaline by the addition of one part of M/15 Na2HPO4 to four parts Ringer. Pieces of nervous tissue immersed in this solution take up sufficient dye in thirty minutes to show a striking reaction. In order to observe the reaction in brain substance, the brain of a frog was exposed by the removal of the roof of the skull, and the entire head immersed in the solution of phenolsulphonephthalein. When the preparation was examined thirty minutes later, the injured parts of the brain were bright yellow, indicating an acidity at least equivalent to PH = 6.5. The uninjured parts remained pink, but subsequent injury to them brought about the yellow coloration in a few seconds. In similar fashion nerve trunks may be stained. The uninjured parts are pink, but crushed areas and the cut ends are yellow. Microscopic examination showed the yellow color to be located in the fibers near the point of injury. If a nerve be crushed at a point previously uninjured, the development of acidity is shown at once by the change in color from pink to yellow. Stimulation of the nerve for five minutes with induction shocks causes the acid reaction to develop between the electrodes. Previous treatment with chloroform does not interfere with the reaction, but heating to 50° C. in physiological salt solution inhibits it. Killing the nerve with chloroform or by high temperatures does not cause the development of acid. Assuming that the acid in question is either lactic or carbonic, it is possible to show that it is the latter.


SMT(Surface Mount Technology) machines are used to place electronic components onto a PCB(Printed Circuit Board). This study proposes a method of identifying the fastest path for picked up components to pass by a camera without stopping before being placed onto PCBs. The proposed method enables the gantry, responsible for moving the heads, to pass by the camera in the least amount of time possible. Among the 16 possible paths, this study examines and addresses existing problems for the commonly used path(sLb-pRd type). Through simulations, we found that the Fly1-Motion method improved productivity by 15%, and the Fly2-Motion method by 22%.


Descriptions were made on nines rural tourism products like rural grand time,inn,scenery,community,sports,vacation,etc.Four dimensions of rural tourism products could be divided according to expense.Development patterns were proposed for rural tourism products.


For different levels of user performance, different types of information are processed and users will make different types of errors. Based on the error's immediate cause and the information being processed, usability problems can be classified into three categories. They are usability problems associated with skill-based, rule-based and knowledge-based levels of performance. In this paper, a user interface for a Web-based software program was evaluated with two usability evaluation methods, user testing and heuristic evaluation. The experiment discovered that the heuristic evaluation with human factor experts is more effective than user testing in identifying usability problems associated with skill-based and rule-based levels of performance. User testing is more effective than heuristic evaluation in finding usability problems associated with the knowledge-based level of performance. The practical application of this research is also discussed in the paper.


Globally, educational inclusion for Students with Disabilities (SWDs) has been a rising movement since the 1990s. However, discourses on professional development processes that prepare teachers to become inclusive practitioners for SWDs are still limited. This qualitative case study examined the learning experiences of Physical Education Teacher Trainees (PETTs) in an introductory adapted physical education course designed with a situated learning framework to explore its influences on their understanding of disability and inclusion in physical education. The course was re-designed incorporating three interrelated dimensions-context, learner, and activity-of the situated learning. A qualitative intrinsic case study design driven by an interpretive perspective was undertaken to describe and understand the PETTs' experiences. Four PETTs' (3 females, 1 male) perceptions were gathered through a semi structured interview, reflections on learning activities, photos, a pre-course survey, and field notes. Three themes emerged from the thematic analysis are: (1) The power of authenticity in learning, (2) Beyond empathy: accepting individual differences, and (3) Inclusion as an integral part of education. Findings reveal that PETTs have shown perceptual transformation in disability and inclusion. This study discusses the PETTs' conceptualization of disability and inclusion with the notion that direct engagement with practices can deepen their learning within social and cultural contexts, such as adapted/inclusive physical education and social relationships with the Community of Practices (CoPs).


Cold formed steel structure has its own mechanical character istics.If these are not taken seriously in design and construction,the accident might be taken place.The accident types and causes in cold formed steel structure are discussed and analyzed carefully by examples.


This paper reports a novel application of a portable and wireless sensor system (e-nose) to differentiate, through recognition and detection of different white grape variety types, different winemaking techniques. The system is also tested to differentiate the different grape varieties in each winemaking technique combination. The analysis has been done with principal component analysis and artificial neural networks. This portable system is a fast tool that can differentiate between elaboration methods: conventional or cold maceration. In addition both methods have been treated with yeasts on lees, "lees", and finally they have been compared with those ones without yeasts, "no lees".


Efforts to identify the manner in which human choriogonadotropin (hCG) contacts lutropin receptors (LHR) have been stymied by the complex structure of the hormone and the likelihood that it contacts the receptor at multiple sites. During studies of hCG assembly in mammalian cells, we found that addition of a cysteine to the long disordered β-subunit COOH terminus (βCT) enabled it to become cross-linked by a disulfide to cysteines that are substituted for residues in loop α2 or in the α-subunit COOH terminus (αCT). This created a "knob" on the α-subunit at the location of the cysteine. Knobs of various sizes and charges were useful for probing surfaces of the α-subunit thought previously to contact the LHR. Attachment of the βCT to residues in loop α2 facing loops β1 and β3 reduced hormone activity only a few fold revealing that this surface does not participate in essential high affinity receptor contacts, a finding inconsistent with our earlier view of the hCG-LHR complex. In contrast, this approach showed that the opposite surface of loop α2 appeared to be nearer the receptor interface. Although attachment of knobs to portions of the αCT reduced hormone activity substantially, this finding was difficult to interpret. As discussed, this procedure should be adapted readily to other proteins and may facilitate the introduction of fluorophores, enzymes, or other reagents at specific sites on protein surfaces. It may also permit one to cross-link proteins or to obscure specific protein surfaces during the development of "Trojan Horse" therapeutics.


This brief presents a novel estimation scheme for power grids based on distributed observers. Assuming only the generator voltage phase angles are measured and the electrical load active power demands are specified, we design an observer for each bus of the power grid, exploiting only knowledge of local information about the power system. In particular, we propose a super-twisting-like sliding mode observer to estimate the frequency deviation for each generator bus and a so-called algebraic observer to estimate the load voltage phase angle for each load bus based on distributed iterative algorithms. The observer-based estimation scheme is validated by considering the IEEE 39 bus SimPowerSystems model.


Preliminary data on the efliciency of two new light stahilizers, belonging to the hindered amine group, show that these products are very suitable for the stabilization of polypropylene fibers and stretched tapes. The new additives are very resistant to the leaching action of hot water, even if surfactants are added. They also exhibit good long-term antioxidant properties.


The author describes some of the most important properties of the submerged tube road tunnel being constructed to carry the A55 North Wales coast road across the estuary of the river Conwy. The submerged tube accounts for 700m of the 189m long tunnel. The approaches to either end are constructed by cut-and-cover. Unforeseen ground conditions on an approach structure meant that concreting of the tube walls had to take place in Summer when the ambient temperature was relatively high. Strict control of cracking was required and limits to the temperature gradients between the face and interior, and the base and outer walls were specified. An on-site water chilling plant was adequate in most cases but liquid nitrogen was injected into individual truck-mixer loads of concrete at the height of the Summer. A considerable amount of ballast concrete, incorporating imported magnetite aggregates has been used in the construction of a large U-shaped open-topped box structure carrying the road down to the eastern tunnel portal below high tide level. A course cement, taking longer to achieve a peak temperature during hydration, was specially manufactured locally for the project.


The Australian Army Nursing Service (AANS), with almost 2,500 trained female nurses, provided nursing care and performed a myriad of other medical, administrative and nonnursing roles for the AIF overseas during the First World War. In 1919 and 1920, the Army demobilised most. However, the nurses' military service changed their nursing lives forever. Based on extensive new data, and building on the work of historian Jan Bassett, this paper explores the work of nurses immediately after the war, their continuing ties with the military, how the government's repatriation system treated them and the commemorations of their work. While some were entitled to pensions, many others struggled financially through life. Many were mentally and physically exhausted from their military service and found general nursing, their specialty, too arduous. Although other historians such as Marianne Barker and Ruth Rae believe that the AANS set the standards for Australian hospital nursing after the war, many branched out and pioneered other fields such as infant welfare, repatriation nursing, industrial and school nursing while others opened nurses' homes.


New derivatives of 3,4-dihydroquinoxaline-2(1 H )-one were synthesized and characterized. Representative examples were evaluated for their antimicrobial and antifungal activities using Tetracycline and Nystatin as reference compound. One of the tested compounds 10a was found to exhibit slight activity against Staphylococcus aureus . Compounds 10b , 11b and 14b showed slight activity against Escherichia coli . Moreover, nineteen compounds were screened for their inhibition effect on CDK5, CK1, and GSK-3β. None of the tested compounds showed an inhibition activity below 10 µM concentration.


Expression of the CCK gene is known to be regulated in a tissue-specific and developmentally-specific manner. This study characterizes the cisand trans-acting elements in the promoter region that control the transcription of the gene. We cloned 1,400 base pairs of the promoter region from a size-fractionated AgtlO genomic library. Deletion constructs of the promoter region were performed, and the fragments were fused to the bacterial chloramphenicol acetyl transferase gene (CAT). Relative CAT activity was measured, and the actual binding of proteins to the promoter region was examined by band shifts.


Abstract : During the last two decades, China, under its zou chuqu or going out policy, has rapidly expanded its presence and influence on the African continent. Leveraging a noninterference policy, state-owned and state-controlled enterprises, and a combination of aid, loans, exports, and imports, China continues to secure access to Africa's raw materials, develop new African markets for its exports, cultivate African partners, and increase its influence on the continent. This paper analyzes the potential economic, military, humanitarian, and diplomatic implications of China's expanding presence in Africa for the United States and its allies. There are three primary areas in which China's actions could cause issues for African states, the international community, or the United States. The first area of concern is the impact of China's deals for concessions, controlling interest, and long-term lease of key oil and strategic mineral sites across the continent. Second is the potential impact of China's arms sales on the security of African citizens and on the cessation or easing of conflicts. The final area of concern is the impact of China's noninterference policy on governance within Africa. For each of these areas of concern, the paper considers actions that the United States could take to prevent or lessen any negative strategic impacts.


"A GEOGRAPHICAL STUDY OF AGRICULTURAL LANDUSE PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT IN JIROFT WATERSHED, IRAN" Submitted to University of Pune For the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Geography Submitted by Ahmad Pahlavanravi Research Student Department of Geography University of Pune, Pune – 411 007 (India) Under the Supervision of Professor. B. C. Vaidya Department of Geography University of Pune, Pune 411 007. (India)


Nowadays, mental health is still an unfinished problem in Indonesia. Telemental health (TMH) exists as a form of adaptation toward technological developments that are expected to help address challenges in mental health services. There is a continuous increase in the number of Generation Z who suffer mental health problems. Meanwhile, the coverage of mental health services is still low even though the convenience of TMH has supported it. This study aims to analyse the factors that influence the utilisation of TMH among Generation Z based on Andersen's theory. This quantitative research collected 180 respondents and then analysed them using univariate, bivariate, and multivariate. Results showed a relationship between the needs factor, access to TMH, health worker support, and residence on the use of TMH. While the variables that aren't related are gender, education, occupation, marital status, and knowledge. The needs factor dominates the effect of using TMH among Generation Z in Indonesia, where a change in it can affect 15 times the utilisation of TMH. To develop TMH into sustainable services, providers can create the right strategy. It's recommended to Generation Z to avoid self-diagnosis accompanied by enriching knowledge about maintaining mental health.


Large conductance calcium- and voltage-activated K+ channels (Slo1), also referred to as "BK" or "maxi K" channels because of their high single channel conductance (250–300 pS in symmetrical 150 mM KCl), are widely distributed in many different tissues ([Kaczorowski et al., 1996][1]). A


The invention provides a loop brush roller and an image forming apparatus. On at least one end portion of the two end portions in a direction perpendicular to a weaving direction (W) of a ribbon brush (31a), a weft (31a2) extending between neighboring loops (310R) passes under a warp (31a1), and a weft (31a2) extending between neighboring loops (310R) passes above the warp (31a1).


This paper suggests an algorithm to improve the tracking performance for an underwater acoustic target using the feedback information of acoustic feature of a target. While conventional tracking algorithms use detected acoustic signals only, the proposed algorithm uses detected acoustic signals and target feature information as well. Since the proposed algorithm tracks only the selected measurements using target feature information, it prevents onset of unnecessary tracks and improves tracking performance for target of interest. Furthermore, it optimizes tracking parameters for the target of interest and guarantees robustness and consistency of the track. Some simulations are performed to demonstrate the improved tracking performance of the proposed algorithm.


The aim of formulating a complete model of a classical guitar body as a transient‐time geometry is to get detailed insight into the vibrating and coupling behavior of the time‐dependent guitar system. Here, especially the evolution of the guitars initial transient can be looked at with great detail and the produced sounds from this computer implementation can be listened to. Therefore, a stand‐alone software was developed to build, calculate, and visualize the guitar. The model splits the guitar body into top plate, back plate, ribs, neck, inclosed air, and strings and couples these parts together including the coupling of bending waves and in‐plane waves of these plates to serve for a better understanding of the coupling between the guitar parts and between these two kinds of waves. The resulting waveforms are integrated over the geometry and the resulting sounds show up the different roles and contributions of the different guitar body parts to the guitar sound. Here cooperation with guitar makers is established, as changes on the guitars geometry on the resulting sound can be considered as computer simulation and promising new sound qualities can then be used again in real instrument production.


The high predation pressure in aquatic environments is generally assumed to be the ultimate cause of terrestrial breeding in anurans (Downie 1993, Magnusson & Hero 1991, Poynton 1964, Yorke 1983). It has evolved multiple times and is presently found in most anuran families (Bogart 1981, Duellman 1992). It is often associated with higher humidity and thus lower desiccation risk in tropical forests (Duellman & Trueb 1986). Most clutches that are oviposited terrestrially are either hidden in subterranean refuges or attached more or less exposed to vegetation (Duellman & Trueb 1986, Lamotte & Lescure 1977). Exposed clutches however, face the risk of desiccation, even in rain-forest environments (Rödel pers. obs.) and are still vulnerable to predation. Such disparate groups as various arthropods (Villa 1977, 1980; Villa & Townsend 1983, Vonesh 2000), frogs (Crump 1974), snakes (Roberts 1994, Scott & Starrett 1974, Warkentin 1995) and birds (Brosset 1967), have been reported to feed on these clutches. The foam nests,which occur in at least six tropical anuran families, seem to provide better protection. Their drying surface and their more or less liquid interior offers the tadpoles an aquatic environment that is well protected against desiccation and predation (Duellman & Trueb 1986, Seymour & Loveridge 1994). In addition the bubbles of the foam facilitate oxygen diffusion within the nest and may even provide a capacious oxygen store for eggs and hatched tadpoles (Seymour & Loveridge 1994). Few predators have been reported to feed on foam nests, one of which,paradoxically, is a frog (Drewes & Altig 1996). In the Taï National Park, Ivory Coast, we discovered a quite unexpected group of predators preying on foam nests and frog clutches exposed on leaves: monkeys.


In this study, a generalize canopy model that can consider vegetation, buildings and porous obstacles is proposed. Flow field around two obstacles with different porosities are simulated. The results show a good agreement with the measurement. A wind tunnel test of the scale model of a city is also performed and simulated flow field by proposed mode was verified. The proposed model shows good agreement with the measurement.


Abstract This article provides an analysis of verum marking in the Tsimshianic language Gitksan. Original fieldwork data are provided to show that Gitksan verum is very similar in its distribution and discourse effects to English verum, but displays two interesting differences. First, Gitksan verum is not marked by focal stress, but by a dedicated particle (k'ap). Second, Gitksan verum does not require givenness of the core propositional material. I argue that when applied to a proposition p, k'ap is (a) disallowed discourse-initially or in answer to a wh-question; (b) felicitous when responding to a prior assertion or implication of ¬p; and (c) felicitous in other contexts only if there is prior controversy in the discourse about the truth of p. I show that the semantic contribution of the Gitksan verum particle can be captured by a discourse management analysis: verum(p) is licensed only when the speaker believes that some interlocutor is committed to ¬p.


Measurements ofcell proliferation canbeused asbiomarkers ofpreneoplastic change. Inthis study, twoimmunocytochemical methods that measure different components ofthecell cycle werecompared toassess cell proliferation on biopsy samples fromhumancolonic mucosa. Thesemethods arebasedonamonoclonal antibody against5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU), which isconfined toSphase cells, and a morebroadassessment ofproliferation based onanantibody against proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA,clone19A2). Inthe PCNA assay, onlystrongly immunostained nuclei wereincluded. The proliferation index wasassessed incolonic mucosafrom patients with nocolonic disorders. Correlation between individual total proliferation indices determined byeither methodwassignificant withr.=06 (p<005). Themeanproliferation index inthestudy group was7-79%using BrdU and7*64% using PCNAimmunocytochemistry. Distribution oflabelled cells within crypts was similar withrespect tothetwomethods witha peakatthe18th andthe24thpercentile inthe caseofBrdUandatthe23rdpercentile for PCNA.Variance component analysis showed thatatleast twobiopsy specimens should be evaluated persubject toallowa precise individual characterisation. Itisconcluded


A study is made to evaluate the radiation resistance of dipole and loop antennas embedded in a cold, uniaxial plasma. Analytical closed-form expressions for the radiation resistance are derived.


Abstract Fresh pig faeces were separated into seven different liquid portions with particle size ranges 5 ) regarded as odour precursors, this technique might not significantly reduce odour nuisances from swine facilities unless particles smaller than 0·075mm are separated from the liquids. Inverse linear correlations were observed between total solids (TS) and total volatile solids (TVS) with both BOD 5 and VFAs and therefore their respective levels could also be used to quantify the potential of odour nuisances in stored pig manure.


This paper presents an overview of an integral risk management approach with emphasis on the relationships with the costing and scheduling processes. Forms of uncertainty related to project planning are classified and implemented in the probabilistic costing and scheduling processes. Furthermore, the importance of the integral probabilistic analysis is explained for (large-scale) Design, Build, Finance and Maintain (DBFM) contracts. Finally, the paper concludes with recent developments on how to improve the integrated probabilistic approach


Speech enhancement is the area of speech processing concerned with the reconstruction of speech corrupted by some noise process. This report states the problem of enhancing speech corrupted by additive white Gaussian noise within a model-based Bayesian framework, and proceeds to develop and compare three strategies to estimate the model parameters and the clean speech. Each of these methods estimates the additive noise variance from the observed noise corrupted data, alongside the speech model parameters, eliminating the need for off-line estimation of this value. The first two methods are the Evidence Maximisation and Expectation Maximisation (EM) algorithms, which essentially perform maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimation of the model parameters, and, based on this estimate, reconstruct the clean speech. The difference between these two methods lies in the fact that the former performs the maximisation directly in the parameter space, whereas the latter iteratively max-imises for the parameters by conditioning on the current estimate of the clean speech. The third method entertained is the Gibbs sampler, which is a special case of the general class of Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithms. In contrast with the first two methods, which are deterministic, the Gibbs sampler is essentially stochastic in nature, and sets up a Markov chain that generates samples from the joint posterior distribution for the model parameters and clean speech. These samples are subsequently used to calculate Monte Carlo estimates for the desired quantities. The methods are evaluated and compared on real speech corrupted by both stationary and non-stationary noise processes.


Radar Cross Section analysis is the study of the scattering behavior of an object. The objective is to determine the main scatterers from measurements of the backscattered electric field. It is generally achieved by Radar Cross Section imaging. This leads to an ill-posed inverse problem because the system to solve is underdetermined. It is then necessary to regularize the problem by adding prior information. In this paper, a new constrained and sparse regularization method for Radar Cross Section imaging is proposed. It is based on the finite spatial electromagnetic extension of the target and its expected small number of scatterers. A least squares criterion with a L1 penalty and support constraints is developed. It is minimized by an efficient algorithm resting on an Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers. The application to real scattered measurements is very promising, with a limited computation time. Compared to the conventional approach, the image resolution is drastically increased.


A combined analysis of the reactions $\pi^+p\to \pi^+p$, $\pi^-p\to \pi^-p$ and $\pi^-p\to \pi^0n$ is carried out with a chiral quark model. The observations are reasonably described from the $\Delta(1232)$ resonance region up to the $N(1440)$ resonance region. Besides the $\Delta(1232)P_{33}$, a confirmed role of $N(1440)P_{11}$ is found in the polarizations of the $\pi^-p\to \pi^-p$ and $\pi^-p\to\pi^0n$ reactions. It is found that the $N(1440)N\pi$ and $\Delta(1232)N\pi$ couplings are about $1.7$ and $4.8$ times larger than the expectations from the simple quark model, respectively, which may suggest the unusual property of $N(1440)P_{11}$ and deficiency of the simple quark model in the description of $N(1440)P_{11}$ and $\Delta(1232)P_{33}$. The $t$- and $u$-channel backgrounds have notable contributions to the $\pi^+ p\rightarrow\pi^+ p$ reaction, while in the $\pi^-p\rightarrow \pi^- p,\pi^0 n$ reactions, the $s$-channel nucleon and $t$- and $u$-channel backgrounds play crucial roles.


Electron capture reactions resulting from collisions of protons with carbon, nitrogen and oxygen atoms are known to play an important role in earth's atmosphere, interstellar space, and astrophysical plasmas, and are fundamental for other relevant applied fields like fusion research rates of collision processes are crude Rate coefficients for the [H+ + N] and [H+ + 0] collision processes were theoretically evaluated more + molecular spin-orbit driving rate 4.8 x 10 is no theoretical study on the [H+ + C] and [H+ + N] collision systems except for an exploratory calculation by Butler and Dalgarno 8 > for the [N+ + H]


Since the start of the 20th century, many invasive alien species (IAS) have spread rapidly around the world, causing serious threats to economies, societies and the environment. Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is an important quarantine insect species in many countries that spread around the world over the last century. This review collected information on the distribution of B. dorsalis to explore the patterns of its invasion expansion. We found B. dorsalis to be distributed in 75 countries (comprised of 124 geographical distribution regions: provinces or states) in Asia, Africa, North America, South America and Oceania up to 2017. Asia and Africa were the most represented regions, accounting for 86.3% of the total number of countries. From 1910 to 1990, B. dorsalis was only found in five countries, but in the last three decades, it has experienced a sharp increase in its rate of spread, invading 70 more countries. Global temperature anomaly has significantly positive correlation with the spread of B. dorsalis. The results of this review provide a theoretical basis for understanding and predicting the continued spread of B. dorsalis under global changes.


The network planning tool is important for both systems vendors and network operators as it is used in the various stages of the telecommunications business. In the budgeting and implementation stages, a planning tool offering a cost-efficient solution to the network operator can be decisive to the system vendor. After, in the operation stage, the planning tool can be used to re-optimize the available resources, bringing additional cost savings to network operators. In this context, we present an overview of our previous work on the development of tools for the planning of multilayer optical transport networks. Optimization methods for the various stages of the network planning were proposed, namely physical topologies design, and greenfield and multi-period nodes dimensioning.


Abstract Recently Hazelton and Turlach (2009) proposed a weighted kernel density estimatorfor the deconvolution problem. In the case of Gaussian kernels and measurement er-ror, they argued that the weighted kernel density estimator is a competitive estimatorover the classical deconvolution kernel estimator. In this paper we consider weightedkernel density estimators when sample observations are contaminated by double expo-nentially distributed errors. The performance of the weighted kernel density estimatorsis compared over the classical deconvolution kernel estimator and the kernel density es-timator based on the support vector regression method by means of a simulation study.The weighted density estimator with the Gaussian kernel shows numerical instabilityin practical implementation of optimization function. However the weighted densityestimates with the double exponential kernel has very similar patterns to the classicalkernel density estimates in the simulations, but the shape is less satisfactory than theclassical kernel density estimator with the Gaussian kernel.Keywords: Deconvolution, kernel density estimator, support vector regression, weightedkernel density estimator.


Microbeads are three-dimensional, generally spherical microstructures that are currently being investigated for applications in tissue engineering and for delivery of drugs, proteins, and DNA [1, 2]. Current microbead fabrication devices such as electrostatic bead generators, microfluidic devices, and micro-vibrators, function by using cross-linkable polymers into a crosslinking solution, such as calcium chloride in the case of alginate. These procedures allow for the controlled manipulation of microbead size, e.g., increasing electric field voltage for the electrostatic bead generator during polymer extrusion. Popular devices such as electrostatic bead generators are limited to polyelectrolyte materials because of the electric field extrusion method [3]. In addition, despite their ability to create monodispersed beads of different size, none of these technologies can precisely control microbead placement.Copyright © 2013 by ASME


MAIN FACIAL REGIONS IN THE PALEOZOIC OF THE HOLY CROSS MTS

Summary
The essential facies pattern from the Holy Cross Mts appears to have been constant throughout the Paleozoic. According to model proposed by J. Czarnocki (5, 7) and widely accepted by other authors the pattern is bipartite: deep-water Łysogory region on the north and shallower-water Kielce region on the south. At present it seems more appropriate to accept tripartite model in which a new, Checiny-Zbrza region is distinguished at the expense of southern parts of the Kielce region as previously interpreted. The third region is characterized by facies close to those known from the Łysogory region. This stable distribution of facies is explained by tectonical block differentiation of labile platform.


An EtherNet/IP communication gateway was designed.Taking ARM9 as core processor,multitask was run and harmonized by using embedded operation system Reworks.The software/ hardware design and application of gateway were introduced.The gateway can implement bidirection data exchange easily,with high cost performance.


Large mechanical presses are used in the automotive industry to produce parts out of sheet metal. Servo presses can improve productivity by opening and closing presses faster, while at the same time improving quality by pressing slower. However, such servo presses require very high electrical peak power, resulting in high investment cost for both presses and the electrical installation of press shops. This paper presents an alternative, hybrid servo-press design. Here, the classical flywheel of the mechanical press is maintained to give peak power during pressing, while a relatively small servo drive gives the press its high performance. First measurements on a 1000 T press demonstrate the feasibility of the concept and confirm the simulations. The proposed hybrid servo press design has a peak power of only little more than an equivalent mechanical press, and typically improves press-line performance by 10-30%.


Rapid growth in many developing-country cities is straining the capacity of their shelter delivery systems. Governments have chosen a variety of implicit and explicit policies to ameliorate these strains. However, these policies are not always consistent ...


The study examines the effect of power sector reform on energy supply in Nigeria using Akure 33kV distribution Network as a case study. The study employed Average Service Availability Index (ASAI), System's Average Interruption Duration Index (SAIDI), Network's failure rate and the overall system reliability. The analysis was divided as pre and post privatization; (2010-2012 and (2013-2015), respectively. The result showed decrease in the service availability rate by1%, and 7.6% increase in the average interruption duration index from 2010 to 2015. The network's failure rate increased by 8% whiles the system's reliability index decreased by 1.1%.


109 Synthesis of novel Coumarin-Thiazoline derivatives Heterocyclic compounds are of outstanding importance as pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, fine chemicals, material sciences, bulk chemicals and ligands for catalysis. 1 Therefore; they form the largest classical divisions of synthetic organic chemistry and are of immense importance in pharmaceutical industries. Based on structural features and modifications, heterocyclic compounds have been exploited in various pharmaceutical industries, because of their ability to manifest substituents around a core scaffold in defined 3-dimensional representations. Amongst them, sulfur, oxygen and nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds have maintained the interest of researchers through decades of historical development of organic synthesis. 2 Hence the present study focuses on design and development of bioactive pharmacophores, particularly bearing sulfur, oxygen and nitrogen hetero atoms in the core structural unit of the compound . The designed strategy is represented in Figure-1.


Now a day's online shopping crazy thing for peoples. As well as many people uses Online transaction for many purposes. Transaction fraud is growing seriously. Therefore, the study on fraud detection is interesting and significant and we can say necessary. An important way of detecting fraud is to extract the behavior profiles (BPs) of users based on their historical transaction records, and then to verify if an incoming transaction is a fraud or not in view of Their BPs. Also we apply SVM, Adaboost, and Neural Network machine learning algorithm to see which one is giving the best result.


Previous studies of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis have yielded little insight into pathogenesis. It was decidjed to make a detailed search for abnormal substances in the urine of patients with this disorder. A comprehensive scanning procednrz was devised to seek such information. The scanning technique begins with destruction of urea in aliqnots of 24-hour urine collections. The specimens are PROGRAM 287


The invention relates to a method, device and system that sense change of shape content customized by a terminal. The method comprises: the terminal records change of the shape content customized; obtaining change of shape content customized by the terminal recorded. The device comprises a monitor arranging unit that arranges the terminal and the monitor terminal appoints to customize change of shape content; an obtaining unit that obtains the change of shape content appointed to customize by the terminal. The system comprises a record unit that records change of shape content customized by the terminal; an obtaining unit that change of shape content customized by the record terminal. The invention is able to meet requirement that a server can sense change of the shape content appointed to customize by the terminal.


The paper presents a comparative evaluation of matching methods of face sequences obtained from actual videos. Face information is quite important in videos, especially in news programs, dramas, and movies. Accurate face sequence matching enables many multimedia applications including content-based face retrieval, automated face annotation, video authoring, etc. However, face sequences in videos are subject to variation in lighting condition, pose, facial expression, etc., which cause difficulty in face matching. In order to cope with this problem, several face sequence matching methods are proposed by extending face still image matching, traditional pattern recognition, and recent pattern recognition techniques. They are expected to be applicable to face sequences extracted from actual videos. The performance of these methods is evaluated as the accuracy of face sequence annotation using the methods. The accuracy is evaluated using a considerable amount of actual drama videos. The evaluation results reveal merits and demerits of these methods, and indicate future research directions of face matching for videos.


To describe the retinal structure of a group of patients affected by methylmalonic aciduria with homocystinuria cblC type, caused by mutations in the MMACHC gene, using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD‐OCT).


Objectives:  The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether a complex course obstacle negotiation exercise (CC), a 24‐week exercise program, can reduce falls and fractures in older adults, as compared with a simple course obstacle negotiation exercise (SC).


Streams of meteoroids striking the Moon infuse the thin lunar atmosphere with a short-lived water vapor, according to researchers using data from NASA's LADEE spacecraft. The findings will help scientists understand the history of lunar water.


Nonprofit conversions typically occur when a nonprofit hospital comes under the control of a forprofit company, through either an acquisition or a joint-venture arrangement. Between 1993 and 1995 approximately eighty conversions of acute care, nonprofit hospitals took place in the United States—more than one-third of all such conversions since 1980. Underlying this high level of activity are growing managed care pressures, increasing constraints on Medicare reimbursement, and a shrinking inpatient market. These forces are motivating nonprofit hospitals to look to for-profit companies for resources, primarily financial capital and management expertise, that can help them adapt to the changing industry environment. Nonprofit conversions have become a major public policy issue, reflecting a longstanding debate in the United States about whether for-profit hospitals provide as many community benefits as nonprofit hospitals do. The controversy focuses specifically on whether hospitals that change to for-profit status will reduce community benefits— namely, charity care to the poor—to achieve higher profits. This concern has contributed substantially to a flurry of state legislative initiatives to regulate nonprofit conversions. Evidence of the actual community impact of nonprofit conversions is in fact sparse. Our study of conversions in California suggested no short-term decline in services to the poor following conversion. Two separate case studies also reported that conversions did not have an appreciable impact on community benefits such as charity care. However, these studies were confined to relatively small samples of conversions, and they examined only their short-term impacts. Long-term impacts may differ from short-term impacts, particularly since for-profit companies involved in conversions often commit to providing charity care at existing levels for a specified period such as three years. This paper reports findings from what is to date the most systematic investigation of both the shortand long-term community impacts of nonprofit hospital conversions. We found that conversions do not, on average, have an


Accurate nonrelativistic numerical Hartree-Fock results are reported for the heavy atoms Cs (Z = 55) through Lr(Z = 103) in their ground states. Results of the calculations are presented in tabular form and are available on diskette. 12 refs., 1 tab.


Consume, acquire, buy, have, can, be, they are not simple verbs of actual capitalist daily basis, they reflect a consumption society that will not retreat in the unbridled search to attend desires and needs every time more consumerist. Furthermore, some thought lines appears and emphasize the customer treatment and origin to the consumption theories, linked to the relationships. The constant search for the satisfaction left the consumer with a greater level of demand, increasing the intensity of commercial relationships needs, strategic partnerships and practices of differentiated management. Then, this study presents the following question: can the relationship marketing strategies be one of the alternatives to the replacement or competitive improvement in the business environment? According to the question the objective of this study is to propose a methodology the performance in relationship marketing and fundamental elements to the analysis the performance in relationship marketing that can be evaluation, in the business environment of the cosmetic industry. Developed through the qualitative and exploratory search, descriptive with the multi-case study applied, using deep interviews. The response to the established objective was the development of the methodology things for one methodology which contemplates a set of strategies and fundamental elements to the relationship marketing. The analysis of the results proposed strategies and identified the elements as customers, people, suppliers, processes; knowledge of society and marketing. From the evolution of the relationship practices the companies can get more agility, flexibility and efficiency achieving a superior organizational competence, going to the maximum point of the competitiveness, reflecting directly on the addition of the superior value to the customer. Key-Words: strategies, relationship marketing, elements, performance evaluation.


Overdeveloped land, misused resources, limited and fast development landscape in urban Taiwan, are problems and challenges government continuously facing and avoiding; Re-utilizing underdeveloped and limited landscape in Taiwan is an important subject. Taiwan Kaohsiung obtains and preserves the largest Military Dependents' Village (MDV) landscape in Taiwan; an important, unique, and valuable historic cultural landscape affiliate historical, military and ethnic group living culture village. This study reviewed sustainable development and village preserve literature, and propose re-development structural framework of MDV through two-stage experts' questionnaire survey. The first stage utilized the Fuzzy Delphi Method, which focuses on impact factors, and the second, the AHP Method, deals with performance factors. The results indicate that the key impacts on the cultural landscape sustainability redevelopment strategies for Huangpu MDV were its cultural value, historic site, and maintenance management.