Purpose Although food insecurity is a major public health concern associated with various diseases, the relationship between food insecurity and kidney stones remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the association between food insecurity and kidney stones in the US population. Materials and methods Four continuous cycles of data from the year 2007 to 2014 were obtained from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) in the current study. We utilized the Household Food Security Module to assess the food security status of individuals. The primary outcome was whether participants ever had kidney stones, and the secondary outcome was a stone recurrence. A multivariate logistic regression model adjusting for potential confounders was constructed to evaluate the independent association between food insecurity and kidney stones. Results A total of 21,914 participants were included in our analysis, with 8.8% having a history of kidney stones and 33.2% of these reporting stones recurrence. Food insecurity was associated with increased risks of kidney stones (odds ratio: 1.21; 95% confidence interval: 1.05–1.39; P = 0.010) and kidney stones recurrence (odds ratio: 1.33; 95% confidence interval: 1.00–1.77; P = 0.052) after adjusting for all potential confounders. In addition, participants with very low food security had 38% and 47% higher risks of kidney stones (odds ratio: 1.38; 95% confidence interval: 1.13–1.69; P = 0.002; P for trend = 0.009) and kidney stones recurrence (odds ratio: 1.47; 95% confidence interval: 1.03–2.10; P = 0.032; P for trend = 0.029), respectively. Conclusion There exists a significant association between food insecurity and kidney stones, which reveals the significance of the improvement of food insecurity in the alleviation of kidney stone formation and recurrence.


Abstract Background During the COVID‐19 pandemic, social distancing measures were enforced and the national lockdown underlined our reliance on virtual means as a way to communicate. This new way of interacting highlighted that people with an intellectual disability were a large proportion of a digitally excluded population. Methods A service evaluation, using a mixed method design in the form of four self‐reported outcome measures and qualitative feedback. Findings Clinical services need to continue when face to face sessions are not possible. Remote groups can be an alternative option not only when self‐isolating due to pandemics but when living in remote locations, having physical health problems or excessive expenses and travel costs. Conclusions Online dramatherapy groups can be a beneficial alternative when face to face groups are not possible or challenging to attend due to access difficulties. Online groups can offer opportunities to meet with peers, build relationships, improve confidence and learn new skills in technology.


This paper presents a low-cost virtual instrument for detection and analysis of voltage notches in voltage supply using wavelets. A simple wavelet decomposition tree has been used for detection and analysis of the two main features of voltage notching: the transients associated with the beginning and the end of the commutation notches and the stationary high-frequency components of the spectrum of the signal. The results obtained show the performance of the method proposed in the detection and analysis of the time-frequency characteristics of voltage notching.


Lanoconazole (LCZ) is a topical antifungal agent clinically used to treat fungal infections such as tinea pedis. LCZ has not only antifungal effects but also anti‐inflammatory effects, which have the potential to provide additional clinical benefits. However, the characteristic features of the inhibitory effects of LCZ on skin inflammation remain unclear.


In a study done on 10 cadavers in Department of Anatomy Madras Medical college and hospital,Chennai. In two bodies two large communicating veins found connecting median cubital vein with cephalie vein, the Knowledge of variations in cephalic vein is helpful in conducting surgeries in that part of the upper limb.


An analysis is presented of the gauge symmetry breaking caused by Wilson loops on a space-time whose spatial section is openR/sup d/ x S/sup 3//GAMMA, for all those fundamental groups GAMMA that give a homogeneous space. We concentrate on pure SU(3) and SU(5) gauge field theories and find that symmetry breaking can occur when d = 0, for all GAMMA. If d = 3, the extra minimal scalars prevent any breaking and one must include other fields to achieve this. Explicit forms for the vacuum energies are exhibited in the case of lens and prism spaces, the former for SU(n). For GAMMA = Z/sub m/, when m and the radius of the sphere become infinite, we recover the results on the space-time openR/sup d//sup +3/ x S/sup 1/.


This study introduces a combinatory assay platform that allows high-throughput but low-drug-dosage screening of five anti-cancer drugs as a cocktail for personalized cancer treatment. Photosensitive PEGDA hydrogel was employed for drug dosage definition through drop array formation and selective UV crosslinking process. The finally defined cocktail drugs in hydrogel will be directly released in parallel when combined with cell chips. This device is capable to combine 5 drugs with 1000 folds dynamic range in 30 second with low drug consumption for in-parallel cocktail screening process.


We present high-performance shear horizontal surface acoustic wave (SH-SAW) and longitudinal leaky SAW (LL-SAW) devices using lithium tantalate (LiTaO3) thin films on silicon carbide (SiC) substrate. The 4-in LiTaO3-on-SiC (LTOSiC) hetero-substrate was prepared by an ion-slicing process. Instead of the Si-based piezo-on-insulator substrates, generally embedded with functional dielectric layers (e.g., SiO2), LTOSiC with a simple structure has achieved exciting results on device frequency, quality factor (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Q$ </tex-math></inline-formula>), temperature coefficient of frequency (TCF), and thermal transport properties. The demonstrated resonators show the scalable resonances of 1.19–4.91 GHz, in which the gigahertz SH-SAW resonator exhibits an ultrahigh Bode-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Q$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of 8100 and an excellent TCF of −4.3 ppm/K, while the LL-SAW resonator presents a high Bode-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Q$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of 1000 and an improved TCF of −25.4 ppm/K at 5.0 GHz. Besides, the demonstrated filters show the center frequencies (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$f_{c}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) of 2.74–4.26 GHz, the insertion loss (IL) below 1.26 dB, and an out-of-band (OoB) rejection of 10–45 dB. The SH-SAW-based filter shows a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$f_{c}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of 3.36 GHz, an IL of 0.78 dB, and a 3-dB bandwidth of 180 MHz, while the LL-SAW-based filter shows a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$f_{c}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of 3.85 GHz and an IL of 0.85 dB. Overall, LTOSiC may serve as an advanced material platform of acoustic devices for 5G-frequency range 1 (5G-FR1) bands.


The article studies a method for numerical modeling of the pipeline resistance to corrosion cracking under operating pressure in seawater. Marine geological conditions along the gas pipeline route require a study of the stability of individual sections in the route in terms of occurrence depth and difference in operating temperatures outside and inside a gas pipeline.


Eight thousand years ago, a series of enormous tsunamis swept through the North Sea and struck the coast of what is now Britain, with devastating effects (Esther Addley, The Guardian, 1 December 2020). The landmass had previously been connected to continental Europe by a huge expanse known as 'Doggerland' (Fig. 1), which had allowed early Mesolithic hunter gatherers to migrate northwards, but rising sea levels had already flooded much of the connecting land. So huge was the tsunami event, many scientists believed it had finally swept away Doggerland for good. Now, a new analysis of the seabed and its sediments suggests that some parts of Doggerland survived the waves as a scattered archipelago of islands. This matters, according to the British and Estonian scientists behind the research, because the land that remained could have been a staging post for the first Neolithic farmers to settle in Britain thousands of years later and may still carry the archaeological traces of their early settlements, even if they, too, are now under the sea. The research could also feed into planning against similar future events as the North Sea becomes ever more developed. 'If you were standing on the shoreline on that day, 8200 years ago, there is no doubt it would have been a bad day for you,' said Vincent Gaffney, professor of landscape archaeology at the University of Bradford. 'It was a catastrophe. Many people, possibly thousands of people, must have died'. The cataclysmic event, known as the Storegga slides, hit around bc 6150 and was triggered by enormous underwater landslips off the coast of Norway. While their date and cause are well established, the devastation they caused has not been fully understood because much of the evidence is now deep under water. After 15 years of extensive mapping of the area, the researchers were able to identify former river valleys and lakes across Doggerland, and sink sedimentary cores deep into the seabed. One core, obtained off what is now the north coast of Norfolk at the Wash estuary, contained sedimentary evidence of the flood—the first such evidence from the southern North Sea. The team's research showed that in places the tsunamis had swept up to 40 km inland along valleys and low-lying areas, but that dense woodlands and hills may have protected other parts of the region. While most of Doggerland was inundated, the archipelago survived for millennia, until it too was swallowed by rising sea levels caused by climate change. If sedimentary evidence for the period is hard to find, archaeological remains from Doggerland's early occupiers are even more elusive. However, Gaffney said the people of the area may have been more settled than is often assumed of hunter-gatherer societies. Such assumptions have inevitably been based on the evidence that has been found on (present day) land, he said, 'but this [was] not the optimal area to live in. It's on the coastlines, on the great plains, where there are so many more resources and where habitation may have been a bit different'. Rather than being permanently on the move 'with lifestyles which are short, brutish and nasty', he said, the people of Doggerland may have been able to settle semi-permanently in coastal areas that were richer in resources. Gaffney added: 'We can't see [the evidence for their settlements], because the area is enormous, and it's


Abstract : Human Sciences Research, Inc., conducted an analysis and assessment of the Army unit training program in RR/EO. Data collected in an Army-wide survey are being reported in three reports-one for CONUS, one for Korea, and one for USAREUR. This report is for Korea. In general it was found that the racial climate is more negative in Korea than in CONUS. Blacks perceived more discrimination occurring in Korea and whites perceived more 'reverse discrimination compared with CONUS. Required RR/EO seminars appear to be held somewhat less frequently than in CONUS. Overall conduct of seminars closely resembles that of CONUS. As in CONUS, the priority of the program appeared to quite low. The credibility of RR/EO programs in Korea appears to low, majority of personnel perceiving that they are 'just for show.' The results overall suggest that racial tensions are high in Korea and the RR/EO unit training is not effectively achieving program objectives.


Anne Marie D'Arcy, Wisdom and the Grail: The Image of the Vessel in the 'Queste del saint Graal' and Malory's 'Tale of Sankgreal' (Dublin: Four Courts Press, 2000). 412 pp. ISBN 1-85182-496-0. £45.00.This important book investigates further the idea that the Grail is significative of a feminine emanation of the Godhead, first suggested by D. Swinscow in 1944. The first chapter declares that the aim of the study is to relate the question of the Grail as symbolic of divine wisdom, the feminine 'breath of the power of God', to the specific context of the Queste, a text that, it is generally accepted, is strongly influenced by the doctrines of Citeaux; this will lead up to the examination of how Malory responded to this presentation of the Grail.Chapter ii examines St Bernard of Clairvaux's concept of the New Knighthood and its influence on the depiction of the heavenly chivalry in the Queste. It also shows the importance of the eremitic aspect of the medieval idealised concept of the early Christian community to Cistercian thought and the possible influence of this concept on the knight-hermit figures found in the Queste. It ends with the consideration of a possible influence of the binary opposition implicit in the monastic tradition of action and contemplation on the 'author of the early thirteenth-century romance'. Chapter iii analyses the theological concepts discernible in the Queste which have been regarded as specifically Cistercian in origin. However, it is pointed out that Cistercian theology cannot be clearly distinguished from monastic theology in the twelfth century. Anne Marie D'Arcy concentrates, therefore, not just on the writings of St Bernard but more particularly on those of his contemporary William of St Thierry, a Benedictine who became a Cistercian towards the end of his life. She takes into account the ternary structure which William ascribes to the spiritual life and its likely influence on the gradational depiction of those knights in the Queste who are granted a vision of the Grail. The chapter investigates the concept of the restoration of the original likeness of mankind to God and the related issue of divine Grace, with particular reference to the Sapiential books in the Bible. It ends with a brief outline of the dissemination of these ideas from the patristic period to the twelfth century and their influence on the formation of Cistercian thought. Chapter iv examines the critical responses to the Queste from Pauphilet's Etudes sur la 'Queste del saint Graal' onwards with regard to D'Arcy's specific investigation of the symbol of the Grail as a vessel rather than the overall theological senefiance of the work. …


According to both Jaakko Hintikka and Simo Knuuttila, Aquinas' third way to demonstrate that God exists presupposes the acceptance of the principle of plenitude, i.e., of the claim that all possibilities are realized at some time. Aquinas, however, maintained elsewhere that not all possibilities are always realized, and the coherence of his philosophical project may be called into question if one were to accept Hintikka's and Knuuttila's reading of the third way. In this paper, I argue that it is difficult to present the third way without invoking the principle of plenitude in Hintikka's formulation. The corollary of this claim is that third way cannot be a demonstration within the philosophical system outlined by Aquinas, despite his claim to the contrary. Against the backdrop of this exegetical discussion, it is possible to rephrase Aquinas' third way as a probabilistic argument that shows that God's existence is highly likely, although not necessarily proven.


The present work analyzed the environmental impacts of the urbanization process of the Complexo Baianão in the municipality of Porto Seguro - BA, from the intense migratory flow caused by the economic crisis of the cocoa region, affected by "witch's broom[2]" in the 1990s. This factor led to the accelerated emergence of a complex of neighborhoods in the Permanent Preservation Area, compromising the sustainability of the springs, especially what supplies the local population. Another point raised in this investigation is the absence of public policies on the use and occupation of soil in a sustainable way


This working paper analyzes three key factors that characterize the "new normal" of China's oil demand: slowing overall demand growth, gasoline replacing diesel as the demand driver, and a substantial rise in refined products exports. The paper argues that greater demand volatility in China stands to have profound effects on the global crude oil and refined products markets.


Fighting viral infections is hampered by the scarcity of viral targets and their variability resulting in development of resistance. Viruses depend on cellular molecules for their life cycle, which are attractive alternative targets, provided that they are dispensable for normal cell fonctions. Using the mode! organism Drosophila melanogaster, we identify the ribosomal protein RACK1 as a cellular factor required for infection by the internai ribosome entry site (IRES) containing virus Drosophila C virus (DCV). We further demonstrate that inhibition of RACK1 in human liver cells impairs hepatitis C virus (HCV) IRES-mediated translation and infection. Inhibition of RACK1 in Drosophila and hurnan cells does not affect cell viability and proliferation, and RACK1-silenced adult flies are viable, indicating that this protein is not essential for general translation. Our findings demonstrate a specific function for ribosomal protein RACK 1 in selective mRNA translation and uncover a promising targe! for the development of broad antiviral intervention.


Ribosome
The synthesis of proteins from mRNA by the ribosome is highly regulated. But newly synthesized protein chains can still block the ribosome exit tunnel and slow protein synthesis. Goldman et al. use optical tweezers to show that by pulling on the stuck protein chain, they can unblock a


The distribution of Ce between solid and liquid phases was investigated with the help of Ce/sup 144/, in reactions where a 1:5 mixture of Th and Ce was precipitated from sulfuric and hydrochloric acid solutions by Na/sub 2/H/sub 2/P/ sub 2/O/sub 6/, used in an excess of 150%. Ce/sup 4+/ was reduced to Ce/sup 3+/ by H/sub 2/O/sub 2/ before and after precipitation by the hypophosphate. It was established that, if Ce/sup 4+/ is reduced before the addition of the precipitant, practically all Ce remains in sulfuric acid solution, for concentrations of H/sub 2/SO/sub 4/ ranging from 1.5 to 3.5 N, and in hydrochloric acid solution, for concentrations of HCl between 2.5 and 4 N. Proceeding from the knowledge of solubility of ThP/sub 2/O/sub 6/ in acids, it was assumed that practically all the Th is in the solid phase. Methods were worked out for the preparation of pure Na/sub 2/H/sub 2/P/sub 2/O/sub 6/ from red P. (Referativnyy zhurnal, Khimiya, No. 6, 1962).


This paper probes how to apply it in the class teaching to improve students' communication competence and what roles should teachers take on.


Based on POC set theory and SOC unit, a 1T3R parallel stable platform is proposed. The Single cylinder force analysis is studied. Then uses Newton-Euler method, gives full consideration to these various factors: without neglecting the ball screw rotation, friction between the spherical joint, the mass and the moment of inertia of electric cylinders, based above the dynamic theoretical Analysis of the stable platform is researched. The paper makes the guide sense for the follow-up research and the application of the 1T3R mechanism.


Dear Editor, We report here a rare case of transient symptomatic BK virus infection in a 4-year-old immunocompetent child. Although not likely to be confused with neoplasia in this age group, the infection, when diagnosed on urine cytology, should be recognized as a sign of virus activation; as in this case, it is usually self-limiting. A 4-year-old male child presented with otitis media and increased nasopharyngeal secretion. After treatment with antibiotics for 1 week, his condition deteriorated and the patient showed dysuria and aesthenia. A renal echography was performed and showed a slight enlargement of the renal calyx. A study of the urinary sediment (without staining) showed large numbers of isolated cells with large nuclei; some of the cells had two or three nuclei. The urine did not show oval fat bodies, epithelial cylinders or renal tubular cells. Urine culture was negative. Serum creatinine levels fell within the normal range. Thirty millilitres of urine were centrifuged at 225 g for 10 minutes; several slides were prepared, fixed in 95% ethanol and stained with the Papanicolaou technique. The tests were repeated three more times during the week. The smears showed mononucleated cells, the majority with large nuclei of ground-glasslike appearance showing a large basophilic inclusion occupying almost all the nucleus (Decoy cells: Figure 1a). After destaining of the same slides, the presence of human polyomavirus antigen in the nuclei of infected exfoliated cells was demonstrated by immunocytochemical staining with mouse monoclonal antibody for the detection of polyomavirus capsid protein VP1 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology Inc, Santa Cruz, California, USA). After adding avidin–biotin–peroxidase complexes, the sections were developed with a diaminobenzidine substrate. Some cells showed brown (positive) nuclei (Figure 1b). One week after the acute episode, when the infection was receding, the cells presented cytoplasmatic eosinophilic inclusions (Figure 2). Although Decoy cells had been previously described in urine sediments, it was not until 1971 that they were identified as polyomavirus by Gardner et al. and Coleman et al. Two types of polyomavirus were discovered and they were named with the initials of the patients: BK (BKV) and JC (JCV). BKV was found in the urine of a patient with renal transplantation and JCV in the brain of a patient with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy; these types of polyomavirus differ in the size of the viral particles and in the serology. More than 80% of the adult population has had a primary infection, which remains in a latent state. The virus genome sequence can be detected by PCR in the kidneys and urinary tract (BKV and JCV), cerebral tissue (JCV) and very rarely in other organs. BKV infection is usually asymptomatic in children and is located in the kidneys and urinary tract. Occasionally the virus can be activated, either without apparent cause, or following immunosuppression due to chemotherapy, transplantation or AIDS. Cells containing activated virus are excreted in urine and must be differentiated from neoplastic cells or cells affected by chemotherapy. Malignant urothelial cells may show a large and dark nucleus and in general have irregular chromocentres with areas of irregular heterochromatin. In contrast to malignant cells, polyomavirus-infected cells show characteristic basophilic amorphous inclusions that occupy the whole nucleus, obscuring the chromatin structure (Decoy cells). In cases where differential diagnosis using only cytology is doubtful, PCR techniques in urine and immunocytochemistry with antibody anti-SV40has have been applied with good results. Decoy cells are found in the urine of transplant recipients, because of the association of BK virus with renal dysfunction following immunosuppression. Although BK-associated nephropathy develops in only 2–5% of renal transplant recipients, its prognosis when present is very poor, with irreversible graft failure developing in 45% of affected patients. Childhood cases of BKV are due to primary infection when there is no evidence of immunosuppression. The infected cells persist for 2 or 3 weeks and Correspondence: Professor Dr L. A. Palaoro, Avda Forest 1318, 4o B (1427), C.A.B.A., Argentina Tel.: 5411-4552-0449; Fax: 5411-45019008; E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com


Recently, APPs (applications for intelligent mobile devices) about car recorder systems have been proposed for various mobile OS. Due to the numbers of APPs in the iOS is more than that of others OS, our car video recorder system is built on iOS. In addition, the objective-c programming language is employed to code APPs in the Xcode. Usually, the iOS mobile devices (e.g. iPhone) are equipped with GPS and camera. Hence, we only need to design software on the integration and links so as to replace the traditional tachograph. Basically, the intelligent mobile device has three types of positioning methods: built-in GPS, telecommunication base-station triangulation positioning method and Wi-Fi base-station positioning method. Although the user's position can be quickly located, it can not provide an accurately location for user when the positioning signal are hardly received. Besides, the speed data provided by the positioning methods may easily be affected by disturbances. It should be noted that iPhone usually cannot provide an accurate car's speed. In this study, a corrected speed method for the intelligent video car recorder is proposed. In the corrected speed method, the car speed in iPhone is corrected by the linear regression method. In our experience, the proposed method can improve the accuracy of the car speed estimation in iPhone.


The authors propose to use the concurrent checking approach for two diagnostic parameters with preliminary compression of signals from the diagnosed objects outputs when synthesizing self-checking digital devices. A hybrid structure of a self-dual built-in control circuit is presented. The advantages and disadvantages of the proposed structure are described. The main advantage of the proposed solution is the ability to reduce the structural redundancy of the self-checking device by using a compression circuit with a high detecting ability of the check circuit. As the main disadvantage, we emphasize the possibility of error concealment at the outputs of the signal compression elements. The paper discusses ways to eliminate the noted disadvantage in the form of circuitry methods. Experiments carried out with the MCNC Benchmarks system of combinational benchmarks have shown the high efficiency of the proposed approach for organizing built-in control circuits. We describe the features of the implementation of the proposed hybrid structure in the Logisim simulation environment, allowing other researchers to repeat the experiments and develop the results obtained.


Lying in close proximity to the Mason-Dixon Line, Delaware is a state in which racial sentiments do not possess the rigidity characteristic of the commonwealths to the South. In the more Southern areas, there is a tendency for beliefs concerning race, religion and politics to be considered among those facets of peoples' lives about which very few questions are to be raised. Definitions of situations in these areas have been made many decades ago and have become so crystalized that they are extremely resistant to change. Still the positions of all the people in the Southern region are not inexorable. Whereas the Governor of Texas gives verbal adherence to the code that racial relationships are to be matters of concern to no one but the people of the South, the governor's mother is among the thousands of women who are striving for an improved order in this area. Delaware, the subject of this chapter, lies along the border line geographically and socially. Consequently, at times, racial lines have bent to the more positive side in response to changing climates of opinion. This has also been true in the field of education. During the greater part of the nineteenth century, the people of this next to the smallest state in the Union did not concern themselves too much about public education for either whites or Negroes. When an educational consciousness did begin to awaken, provisions were made by the public for some school opportunities for whites but little attention if any was paid to the needs of Negroes. To,ward the close of the century, in line with the movements in the country at large which resulted in a public school system of free, public, universal, nonsectarian, compulsory education for the children of America, Delaware took steps to raise the level of literacy of her population. Negroes as well as whites benefited. The Constitution provided for separate but equal schools for whites and non-whites. Consonant with the policy of most border states, an effort was made to provide equal accommodations for those of darker hue. Public and private interest and contributions collaborated in the improvement of the schools of the State. When, in January of this year, the Supreme Court of the United States ruled that equal accommodations must be made for the education of all races within a state, Delaware's racial lines again bent toward the more liberal side and the University of Delaware opened its doors to Negroes who wanted to take courses that were not being offered at the Delaware State College for Negroes. It is the purpose of this chapter to present in more detail the developments of educational provisions for Negroes in institutions of higher learning in the State of Delaware.


Naphthoquinones isolated from the wood of trees of the families Bignoniaceae and Verbenaceae have been subjected to an interdisciplinary study since the seventies, when Dr. Benjamin Gilbert, at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, launched a program on the chemistry of natural products active against endemic diseases. In this paper we describe the synthesis of five naphthoimidazoles, derived from this program and their activity towards T. cruzi, the etiologic agent of Chagas disease. We also review the influence of chemical structure on trypanocidal action of naphthoquinones and of derived heterocycles with imidazole, oxazole, phenoxazine, indole, dipyrane and cyclopentene rings. The overall analysis corroborates the tendency of trypanocidal activity in compounds with an imidazole or oxazole ring linked to a naphthopyrane structure. Two naphthoimidazoles presented higher activities (14.5x and 34.8x) than the standard crystal violet. Emphasis is given to the biodiversity of the Brazilian flora as a starting point for the development of an autonomous and creative medicinal chemistry.


During the past few decades, the radical changes that have occurred in the global economy - uncontrolled inflation rhythms, the growth in interest rates, the increase in foreign debts and in budget and current account deficits, financial crises - have led to the accumulation of a set of issues whose solution generates heated debates at international level and tensions among the global actors. Therefore, it is necessary to make a concerted effort at world level to rethink the international financial architecture, especially that of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), by adopting adequate legislative and institutional regulations.


Library services for students at a distance. How to find thesis and disserations by IUP students as well as any thesis or disseration published


Foreword. Acknowledgements. Introduction. Chapter 1 Access audits and appraisals. Why carry out an access audit? Add nos. Audit preparation. The audit. The report. Access appraisals. Access statements. Chapter 2 Access management. Ongoing access management. Occupying the building. Information and training. Chapter 3 Legislation, regulations and standards. The Disability Discrimination Act 1995. The Disability Discrimination Act 2005. The Building Regulations. BS 5588 Fire precautions in the design, construction. and use of buildings. BS 8300:2001 Design of buildings and their approaches. to meet the needs of disabled people - Code of Practice. BS 7000-6: 2005 Design management systems. Managing. inclusive design. Planning legislation and guidance. Occupier Liability Acts. Chapter 4 Design criteria. External environment. Entrances. Horizontal circulation. Vertical circulation. Facilities. Communication and wayfinding. Emergency egress. Appendix A General acceptability criteria. Appendix B Information sources. Index


Until today, the oeuvre of Franjo Ksaver Kuhac has remained indispensable for understanding historical processes in Croatian traditional music from the end of the 19th century up to now, as well as for comprehending changes within the subject of ethnomusicological research. During the 1920s and 1930s, the influence of Kuhac's oeuvre was somewhat limited: the public sphere was characterized by the endeavours of the society Seljacka sloga (The Peasants' Concord) to equate national culture with an autochthonous peasant folk culture, and the cultural- historical approach started to develop within the scholarly sphere. The blending of autochthonous culture and cultural- historical interpretations has been extended up until today, along with a part of Kuhac's insights and ideas adopted by them. The intention of this paper is to revisit this conventional framework of historical changes in Croatian traditional music and its research, by adding data and views on folk and popular music in Croatian civic press – mostly the journals Svijet and Kulisa – in the formative period of the discourse and practice of the Seljacka sloga society during the 1920s and 1930s. These journals are basic sources on popular music in Croatia between the two world wars, being at the same time important for understanding social dynamics of the folk music of the period. They reported on and advocated a kind of musical cosmopolitanism, in distinction from the musical nationalism of Seljacka sloga. At the same time they implicitly questioned the very opposition between folk and popular (as well as rural vs. urban, Croatian vs. foreign, participational vs. presentational, etc.). Therefore, it seems as if they indicated the future understanding of traditional music, which was established only by the contextual ethnomusicology of the 1970s. In all that, Kuhac's legacy could have been a foothold and/or inspiration for both cosmopolitans and nationalists. In other words, it is of unquestionable durability in scholarly and broader cultural spheres.


The present invention is the presence of the first or second alcohol, the aldehyde and / or ketone, hydrogen and ammonia, and nitrogen compound selected from the group comprising primary and secondary amines, zirconium dioxide, copper and nickel-containing catalyst in by reacting, a method for preparing amines, catalytic active composition of the catalyst, before being reduced by hydrogen, zirconium, copper, oxygen-containing compounds of nickel, a range of 0.2 to 40 wt% oxygen-containing compounds of cobalt (calculated as CoO), oxygen compounds of iron in the range of 0.1 to 5 mass% (calculated as Fe The present invention further relates to the type of catalyst.


This paper presents a model to operate the microgrid combined heat and electricity in DongShin University (DSU) campus, Korea. Since a relatively large amount of heat energy has been consumed in DSU, MG system is designed containing not only general energyproducing facilities but also the thermal storage tank. The usefulness of the facility that produces both heat and electricity would be raised through the function of the balancing operation in the proposed EMS. The operating modes of EMS have been diversified to enhance operational accuracy and to respond to specific situations. The proposed EMS is based on the operational purpose of saving electric energy's demand charge and reducing electricity and thermal energy usage rate. It is expected that the proposed MG model would contribute greatly to activation of various similar sites.


The clinical and histopathological features of disseminate and recurrent infundibulo-folliculitis are described in 2 patients. The lesions are confined to the trunk and consist of discrete, small, fol


Terrawatt KrF/Ti:sapphire hybrid laser system was developed. As one of the applications of this system, two color phase control and interference in tunneling ionization and high‐order harmonic generation are described.


Key Points Question Is training in the Modular Approach to Therapy for Children (MATCH) associated with more use of empirically supported treatments, better clinical outcomes, and better service efficiency than usual care? Findings This randomized clinical trial found that training clinicians in MATCH was associated with high levels of adherence to empirically supported treatments (80.0%) compared with usual care (57.0%), but it was not associated with improved clinical outcomes or efficiency. Meaning These findings suggest that training in MATCH increases clinicians' use of empirically supported treatments but does not necessarily improve clinical outcomes.


We have characterized the biocompatibility of glass surfaces that were modified by protein layers or linear poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) brushes with the aim of determining the optimal treatment for the immobilization of single biomolecules by specific attachment, which was done here using a streptavidin−biotin linkage. We have investigated the surface homogeneity by atomic force microscopy and the resistance to nonspecific binding by single-molecule detection of fluorescently labeled RNase H in a scanning confocal fluorescence microscope. The resistance to nonspecific binding of the surfaces was simply examined by omitting the biotin-streptavidin linkage in the surface preparation. We have also carried out fluorescence resonance energy transfer experiments to examine the ability of the surfaces to preserve the native state of specifically attached proteins via streptavidin−biotin linkage. Chemisorption and crosslinking of BSA or streptavidin to amino-functionalized glass yields excellent surface homogenei...


The genus Duguetia encompasses 93 species, 63 of which are distributed in Brazil. However, only ten species had their chemical and biological profiles investigated so far. Although the alkaloids are the class of phytocompounds most studied, the interest in the phenylpropanoids is growing since distinct biological activities have been attributed to these derivatives lately. This review gathered studies describing the phytochemical distribution, methods of extraction, and biological activities of the phenylpropanoid from Duguetia species. It was evidenced that nonpolar solvents were able to provide the highest yield of 2,4,5-trimethoxystyrene, γ-asarone, and asaraldehyde which were mainly located at the ground stem barks. On the other hand, the α-asarone, elimicin, and (E)-methyl-isoeugenol were isolated from the polar extracts or the essential oils from the barks and leaves. The 2,4,5-trimethoxystyrene and asarone derivates were effective as crop protectors. The α- and γ-asarone, 2,4,5-trimethoxycinnamic acid, asaraldehyde, elemicin, and (E)-methyl-isoeugenol demonstrated anti-inflammatory, antidyslipidemic, antinociceptive, antibacterial, antidepressant, anxiolytic, insecticide, and larvicide activities. The Duguetia species can be a potential source of phenylpropanoids, therefore, future studies involving their extraction, identification, and application are still necessary and may culminate in the discovery of new drug candidates or natural agricultural defensives.


AbstractDisintegration characteristics of three lots of enteric-coated dextran sulfate tablets (250 or 300 mg dosage formulations) from two manufacturers (A and B) were determined in 0.1M phosphate buffer at various pH levels between 5.0 and 7.5. Differences in disintegration times within- and between-lots were observed and appear to relate to differences in the nature and thickness of their enteric coatings. The composition of tablets and coatings was examined by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Lactose and a form of cellulose were the predominant excipients in the A and B formulations, respectively. The yellow coating on A tablets consisted mainly of a phthalic alkyd polyester modified with soya oil, whereas the white coating on B tablets contained mostly hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, modified with di-2-ethylhexylphthalate. Some yellow tablets appeared darker than the rest, attributable to the larger film thickness of dark yellow tablets (0.14 mm) compared with that of lighter tablets (0.06 mm)...


Background The inverse association between educational attainment and mortality is well established, but its relevance to vascular events and renal progression in a population with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is less clear. This study aims to determine the association between highest educational attainment and risk of vascular events, cause-specific mortality, and CKD progression. Study Design Prospective epidemiologic analysis among participants in the Study of Heart and Renal Protection (SHARP), a randomized controlled trial. Setting & Participants 9,270 adults with moderate to severe CKD (6,245 not receiving dialysis at baseline) and no history of myocardial infarction or coronary revascularization recruited in Europe, North America, Asia, Australia, and New Zealand. Predictor Highest educational attainment measured at study entry using 6 levels that ranged from "no formal education" to "tertiary education." Outcomes Any vascular event (any fatal or nonfatal cardiac, cerebrovascular, or peripheral vascular event), cause-specific mortality, and CKD progression during 4.9 years' median follow-up. Results There was a significant trend (P < 0.001) toward increased vascular risk with decreasing levels of education. Participants with no formal education were at a 46% higher risk of vascular events (relative risk [RR], 1.46; 95% CI, 1.14-1.86) compared with participants with tertiary education. The trend for mortality across education levels was also significant (P < 0.001): all-cause mortality was twice as high among those with no formal education compared with tertiary-educated individuals (RR, 2.05; 95% CI, 1.62-2.58), and significant increases were seen for both vascular (RR, 1.84; 95% CI, 1.21-2.81) and nonvascular (RR, 2.15; 95% CI, 1.60-2.89) deaths. Lifestyle factors and prior disease explain most of the excess mortality risk. Among 6,245 participants not receiving dialysis at baseline, education level was not significantly associated with progression to end-stage renal disease or doubling of creatinine level (P for trend = 0.4). Limitations No data for employment or health insurance coverage. Conclusions Lower educational attainment is associated with increased risk of adverse health outcomes in individuals with CKD.


The continual development and improvement of CNT (computer networking technology) provides college PE class with new power and technological support. Through studying the characteristics of CNT, together with studying teaching contents, teaching methods, teaching evaluation and teaching administration of college PE class, the employment of CNT in college PE class is analyzed and explored. It is aimed at improving college students' comprehensive sports quality, at promoting college PE teaching reform and at improving the teaching quality.


The present study is mainly aimed at comparing the use of Four Corners Strategy and Group Work Strategy on students' speaking ability. It was encouraged by the low results of the students' speaking ability. The research was carried out in a non-experimental form of comparative design that focused on quantitative approach. The total population of this study was 153 first semester students of State Islamic Higher College of Sultan Abdurrahman Kepulauan Riau in academic year 2017/2018. Meanwhile, the selected sample was 30 students (Class A) and 30 students (Class B). A speaking test was conducted after giving three meetings of treatment for both classes to measure their speaking ability. The results of the test were analyzed through compare means and t-test by using SPSS Statistics 20.0. As a result, it was found the mean score of the students taught by using Four Corners Strategy was higher than those taught by using Group Work Strategy. However, there was no significant difference between the use of Four Corners Strategy and Group Work Strategy on the students' speaking ability improvement.


In this paper the focus will be on how an entire universe can possibly be created within 10−35 seconds starting from a region of space about 10−45 meters across. To do this, we will closely follow the ideas of Alan Guth, who came up with the idea of an inflationary universe.1


Change is the law of nature and in course of time the media landscape of a society changes. Today, though television assumes greater importance as a cultural tool, radio still remains an important communication tool for villagers. This holds good for the indigenous Manipuri Muslim community, the Meitei Pangals who are living a conservative life in rural areas of Manipur. In the last few decades the Meitei Pangal community has witnessed socio-cultural change in various aspects including the media consumption patterns. Some of the findings in respect of media uses and preferences of the Meitei Pangals suggest that there are negotiations between audiences and media. The findings also include prevalent suspicion on television's impact on work culture and education of children. Besides, the study reveals how audience organise time and space to accommodate radio and television into their busy daily lives while acknowledging radio as a more innovative medium than television. These inferences are drawn from an in–depth qualitative audience study of two Meitei Pangal villages namely Chongtham and Keibung in Thoubal district of Manipur. Established on 15th August 1963, the All India Radio, Imphal station, the only radio station in the valley of Manipur, plays an empowering role by encouraging audience participation. Age is an increasing factor in media consumption in rural society where the young are more familiar with their communication options than their elders. This paper critically analyses how Meitei Pangal children use radioin their everyday lives.Though they are attracted to television they acknowledge radio as an important medium in rural Manipur.


The many fast flowing rivers in New Zealand have presented challenges to the early engineers. Bridging of these was one of the colony's most pressing needs in early communications, but usually hampered by shortage of money. Prevailing bridge types are discussed such as simple beam, trestle, truss, masonry arch and suspension; also the use of reinforced concrete. The predominant material last century was timber, in spite of its limitations. The five case studies of the main forms are examples that have been assessed, researched, preserved and presented to the public as nationally significant historic structures. Today there is increasing cooperation between the Engineering Heritage Committee of the lnstitution of Professional Engineers of New Zealand and the New Zealand Historic Places Trust with some mutual representation.


To the Editor:

Inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin system are generally accepted as first-line treatment of hypertension and heart failure. The underlying pathophysiological mechanism is reversal of vascular and myocardial remodeling. Zankov and colleagues1 hypothesize that the renin-angiotensin system could also play a role in the genesis of arrhythmias by acutely affecting the repolarization process. They show that in guinea pig atria, nanomolar concentrations of angiotensin II (Ang II) strongly increase the slowly activating delayed rectifier current …


In Southern Africa, sexuality has become a highly contested site for the negotiation of authenticity, both in terms of the nation and identity. It has become a variable in Africa's ideological and material battle with the West. Most importantly, it has come to signify the limits of citizenship, testing African leaders commitment to international human rights agreements. Post-apartheid South Africa has granted constitutional equality to gays and lesbians – the first country in the world to do so. Since the adoption of the 'equality clause', courts have recognised the rights of gay and lesbians to serve in the army; with regards to adoption, gender references have been dropped from the legislation; and the recognition of same-sex unions is in the process of being addressed. This has provided the impetus for the appearance of a more insistently vocal and visible gay and lesbian presence in the neighbouring countries. Rather than follow South Africa's lead, other Southern African countries have united in their denunciation of homosexuality and homosexual practices. In Botswana, Namibia, Swaziland, Zambia and Zimbabwe, the ruling elites have publicly decried homosexuality, and maintain their intransigence in addressing the demands of gays and lesbians within their countries. In the light of a growing demand and need for regional integration, the demands of gays and lesbians remains a thorn in the side of any such attempt.


In this article, we explore scientists' freedom of expression in the context of authoritarian populism. Our particular case for this analysis is Finland, where the right-wing populist Finns Party entered the government for the first time in 2015. More recently, after leaving the government in 2017, the party has been the most popular party in opinion polls in 2021. We illustrate the current threats to Finnish researchers' freedom of expression using their responses on three surveys, made in 2015, 2017 and 2019. We focus on politically motivated disparagement of scientists and experts, and the scientists' experiences with online hate and aggressive feedback. Further, we relate these findings to the recent studies on authoritarian populism and science-related populism. We argue that this development may affect researchers' readiness to communicate their research and expertise in public.


The performances of two commerical gamma cameras, with crystals 1.3 and 0.6 cm thick, are compared. Phantom studies simulating clinical conditions showed no significant difference in performance at 140 keV. At 68 keV, the thinner crystal gave marginal improvements in camera performance with phantoms simulating clinical conditions. Frequent use with very low-energy emitters, such as Tl-201, would be needed to justify the expense required to refit the 1.3 cm camera with a 0.6 cm crystal.


The international success of Downton Abbey has led to a revived interest in period dramas, with older programs like The Forsyte Saga being rediscovered by a new generation of fans whose tastes also include grittier fare like Ripper Street.


Tape cartridge 2 is mounted into the tape printing apparatus having a cartridge mounting portion 12, the engaging protrusion (18b) protruding from the outer peripheral surface formed in the shaft into alignment with the (18a) alignment shaft (18a). And a tape cartridge 2, the tape core (21b) having a shaft hole 28 formed in the axial center of the winding core body 26 and the core body (26) tape on an outer peripheral surface, for receiving the tape core (21b) and a cartridge case (25). The cartridge case 25, a shaft for supporting the insert is a tape core (21b) in the shaft hole 28 so that they freely turn shaft support 41 and the rotation guide section 42 protrudes from the outer circumferential surface of the shaft support section 41 have. In the shaft support portion 41, into the hollow portion (44a) is fitted an alignment shaft (18a) is formed, the rotation guide section 42, is a recess (44b) fitted into the fitting projection (18b) It is formed.


The paper seeks to shed light on inflation dynamics of four new EU member states (the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia). To this end, the New Keynesian Phillips curve augmented for open economies is estimated and additional statistical tests applied. We find the following. (1) The claim of New Keynesians that the real marginal cost is the main inflation-forcing variable is fragile. (2) Inflation seems to be driven by external factors. (3) Although inflation holds forward-looking component, the backward-looking one is substantial. An intuitive explanation for higher inflation persistence may be rather adaptive than rational price setting of local firms.


— This research has as its central subject the evaluation of digital platforms contribution to improvement of public sector service provision to citizens in the city and Province of Nampula, in Mozambique. In 2001, the Government of Mozambique launched the Public Sector Global Reform Strategy (EGRSP), which is the basic and fundamental document that outlines the guidelines for implementing all public sector policies, strategy


This study investigated whether improving the employment relationship does more depend on negotiation selfefficacy or on task autonomy for a sample of employees from a Dutch telecom company. Multiple regression analyses were conducted to examine the effects of negotiation self-efficacy and task autonomy on integrative negotiation and the effect of integrative negotiation on psychological contract breach. Results indicate that employees negotiate more integratively when they have higher negotiation self-efficacy, compared to employees with more task autonomy. Empirical support was found for the prediction that higher negotiation self-efficacy and task autonomy correlates with less psychological contract breach.


Telecommunications networks for educators are increasing. Market Data Retrieval reports (1987) that 36 states have some form of educational network. The number of school and districtbased bulletin boards is also growing at a rapid clip. Commercial database vendors such as Dialog, BRS and Dow Jones have packaged versions of their services for schools, and others, like McGraw-Hill's MIX system, are designed specifically for education (Aversa and Mancall, 1987). Some states, Pennsylvania and Washington, have produced detailed curriculum guidelines in this area. Along with this growth is a corresponding increase in the number of schools with modems and phone line access to online services. The availability of these networks has already had an impact on the roles in many schools of the librarian, media coordinator and computer coordinator. The classroom teacher, however, has not had direct access to the tools, because of costs, logistics or lack of experience and, as a result, they have not incorporated them into their curriculum. Access to modems and the availability of online options are no longer the barriers that they were even a few years ago, but experience with online systems is still lacking in most teachers. While inservice training programs are needed, preservice training in this area should also be implemented as soon as possible so that new teachers are not entering the classroom with a lack of technological skills (Dowling and Pruitt, 1987.)


In patients treated with vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) for drug resistant epilepsy (DRE), up to a third of patients will eventually not respond to the therapy. As VNS therapy requires surgery for device implantation, prediction of response prior to surgery is desirable. It is hypothesized that neurophysiological investigations related to the mechanisms of action of VNS may help to differentiate VNS responders from non‐responders prior to the initiation of therapy.


The present discussion is a brief overview which examines the most widely utilized methods for the characterization of cell death. We believe that the development of novel molecular biological techniques to identify cell death in tissue sections has not progressed in a rapid manner. Our group believes that the use of experimentally induced anti-single-stranded (ss-) DNA monoclonal antibodies (MAb; Stollar, 1992) is a specific tool which can be used to characterize cell death, with many advantages over the more frequently utilized procedures. Both singleand double-stranded DNA breaks occur under a normal range of non-apoptotic situations. DNA fragmentation does not always accompany apoptosis. Therefore, the use of positive and negative controls is critical to proper evaluation of cell death. The development of denatured single-stranded breaks in the doublestranded (ds-) DNA molecule is an important event in the genesis of cell death. A variety of techniques can be used to characterize denatured ss-DNA, e.g. denatured DNA can be quantified by the OliGreen ss-DNA quantitation kit (Molecular Probes, Inc., Eugene, OR, U.S.A.). Sophisticated methodologies, employ flow cytometry to identify and quantify normal cells or cells undergoing apoptosis and necrosis, based on changes in light scattering, DNA stainability, DNA sensitivity to denaturation or changed plasma membrane transport of Hoechst 33342 (Li et al., 1995). Two other techniques used for examining DNA strand breaks occurring in apoptotic cells can label individually fixed, permeabilized cells or tissue sections by


AIM:To evaluate the effects of EMPs in the treatment of degree Ⅱ artificial furcation defects of dogs.METHODS:The degree Ⅱ furcation defects on the premolars were created surgically in 7 male mongrel dogs. The defects were divided into 3 equal groups (control, e-PTFE, EMPs+e-PTFE). The results were examined histologically 1 month and 3 months later and the membranes were removed and observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) 6 weeks later.RESULTS:Compared with the controlled group, the two experimental groups have been filled with more newly formed periodontal tissues and the amount of the new tissues between them had no statistical difference. However, in EMPs+e-PTFE membrane group there are regenerated acellular cementum.CONCLUSION:It is suggested that EMPs can significantly promote periondontal tissue regeneration in treatment of degree Ⅱ furcation defects, and can especially promote the regeneration of acellular cementum. [


If an antitrust authority chooses policies to maximize the number of successfully prosecuted cartels, when do those policies also serve to minimize the number of cartels that form? When the detection and prosecution of cartels is inherently difficult, we find that an antitrust authorityi¯s policies minimize the number of cartels, as is socially desirable. But when the detection and prosecution of cartels is not difficult, an antitrust authority is not aggressive enough in that it prosecutes too few cartel cases.


A semiconductor switching technique has been utilized to produce 30-300 ps variable duration CO/sub 2/ laser pulses of 0.5-MW peak power. Eight passes through a 1.2-m long, UV-preionized, 3-atm TE CO/sub 2/ amplifier raise the output laser peak power to the 10/sup 10/ W level. Sampling the amplifier gain in linear and saturated regimes using CO/sub 2/ laser radiation ranging from CW to 30 ps pulse length permits comparison with computer modeling of picosecond CO/sub 2/ pulse amplification. The potential for further peak power scaling of picosecond molecular lasers is discussed. >


The development of a dry-type transformer for pole mounted application and its major features allowing to use it as an outdoor transformer without need for an enclosure was presented at CIRED 2011 [1]. Meanwhile extensive testing of the outdoor performance of the transformer has continued and field installation of pilot units has taken place. Tests have been performed at both, the demanding KIPTS outdoor test station in South Africa and under controlled harsh conditions of a salt-fog chamber. The applied test conditions are used for proposing typical test procedures for such kind of transformers. Testing with respect to fire behavior was additionally performed. (4 pages)


This report presents the results of a cost-effectiveness study of alternative marine fire protection programs. The report includes an estimate of current and future marine fire losses and a comparison of the cost-effectiveness of programs designed to reduce these losses.


: The reactivity of mixtures of high voltage spinel cathode materials Li 2 NiMn 3 O 8 , Li 2 FeMn 3 O 8 , and LiCoMnO 4 cosintered with Li Al Ti (PO 4 ) 3 and Li La 3 Zr Ta 0.4 O 12 electrolytes is studied by thermal analysis using X-ray-di ff raction and di ff erential thermoanalysis and thermogravimetry coupled with mass spectrometry. The results are compared with predicted decomposition reactions from fi rst-principles calculations. Decomposition of the mixtures begins at 600 ° C, signi fi cantly lower than the decomposition temperature of any component, especially the electrolytes. For the cathode + Li 6.6 La 3 Zr 1.6 Ta 0.4 O 12 mixtures, lithium and oxygen from the electrolyte react with the cathodes to form highly stable Li 2 MnO 3 and then decompose to form stable and often insulating phases such as La 2 Zr 2 O 7 , La 2 O 3 , La 3 TaO 7 , TiO 2 , and LaMnO 3 which are likely to increase the interfacial impedance of a cathode composite. The decomposition reactions are identi fi ed with high fi delity by fi rst-principles calculations. For the cathode + Li 1.5 Al 0.5 Ti 1.5 (PO 4 ) 3 mixtures, the Mn tends to oxidize to MnO 2 or Mn 2 O 3 , supplying lithium to the electrolyte for the formation of Li 3 PO 4 and metal phosphates such as AlPO 4 and LiMPO 4 (M = Mn, Ni). The results indicate that high temperature cosintering to form dense cathode composites between spinel cathodes and oxide electrolytes will produce high impedance interfacial


Now-a-days pollution is increasing due to "Non Renewable Energy Sources". In order to enhance the efficiency of conventional grid and to generate the electrical power in eco-friendly way, the renewable energy sources are employed.  In this paper a type 4 wind generation system is implemented to analyse the system under fault conditions and to analyse the grid stability. In the proposed system type-4 wind generation system integrated to grid through VSC-HVDC link analysis is done by considering a fault on the grid side by the system gets isolated and wind generation system transfers voltage to local load and remote load. When a DC fault is occurred on the VSC-HVDC link then the grid side breaker and wind side breaker gets open, then system gets isolated. This is implemented by considering "Low Voltage Ride Through" (LVRT) conditions, According to the Indian grid code of contact wind generation maintain constant even the voltage collapse is occurred on the grid side. The proposed VSC-HVDC based Type-4 Wind Generation System give more reliable to operate in LVRT condition and can meet the Load demand when the system is under fault condition to some extent; The proposed method is Type –4 Wind generator is of 4.4MW/2.2kV each with a total plant capacity of 110MW operated with VSC based HVDC transmission system with 110kV DC bus voltage connected to 220kV grid. The results obtained shows the Grid is operates under fault ride through conditions stability.


In this paper we describe on-going work on combining two existing models of computational creativity. The GENCAD model proposes the use of an evolutionary algorithm (EA) that uses a population of exemplars as a starting point for its search, unlike traditional EA's, which use a randomly-generated initial population. The EA, operating on this population, is then used to generate new potentially creative solutions. GENCAD has been instantiated in the domains of structural design of tall buildings and feng shui-compliant residential floor-plan design. The MEXICA model also begins with a set of exemplars as a starting point, but it analyzes these exemplars based on a domain theory. The general theory that is obtained from analyzing the set of exemplars is then used to guide the generation of new solutions. MEXICA has been instantiated in the domain of plot generation for stories involving themes, characters and locations from the Mexica culture of ancient Mexico. In the hybrid model we propose in this paper, we combine the two models to generate plots for stories of the same sort that MEXICA generates, but using GENCAD's process model to do so.


This paper first talked about the conception of the Distributed System and the main information security risks,and then put forward security dependence strategy on the point of encryption technology for these risks.


Adaptation of the friction and wave drag components to the classic aerodynamic drag polar are shown with accommodation for the weight/center-of-gravity envelope. The parametric forms of the drag, power, and specific range and endurance curves are shown and related to the traditional dimensional forms. The relationship between the drag polar and the propulsion is indicated.


In structural health monitoring, the propagation of ultrasonic waves along a structure can reveal interesting data relevant to the integrity of the whole structure. The availability of a system for distributed sensing of ultrasonic waves could, in some cases (e.g. pipelines) provide extremely valuable information to civil engineers. Phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometry (ΦOTDR) is a simple and effective tool allowing the distributed monitoring of vibrations along single-mode fibers. Up to now, ΦOTDRs have been used mostly for the measurement of sub-kHz vibrations. In this work, the authors present an experimental characterization of a high-visibility ΦOTDR and its performance when used for ultrasonic vibration measurements. The sensor was able to measure vibrations of up to 39.5 kHz with a resolution of 5 m over a range which could go up to 1.25 km. This is the first time to our knowledge that a ΦOTDR is demonstrated for distributed measurement of ultrasonic waves.


Cholestatic jaundice is a well recognised complication of late sepsis. However, cholestatic liver injury preceding sepsis is less well known and appreciated. This leads to delays in diagnosis in clinical practice and may result in significant morbidity and mortality. The development of a cholestatic blood picture should be considered as an early warning sign of an underlying infection, even in the absence of signs or symptoms of sepsis. This report describes the case of a previously healthy patient who presented with cholestatic jaundice. Staphylococcal osteomyelitis involving the left sacroiliac joint was diagnosed. Literature relating to cholestatic jaundice in sepsis is reviewed.


Cardiac amyloidosis is being reported with increasing frequency, but is still a rare disease; the number reported probably does not much exceed 200 (Lindsay, 1946; Thomashow et al., 1953; Pruitt et al., 1953; Benson and Smith, 1956; Clark and Bennett, 1957; Chambers et al., 1958), and far fewer have been diagnosed in life. The first symptoms have usually been those of heart failure, but pain has been rare and murmurs have been unusual; arrhythmias and various abnormalities in the form of the electrocardiogram have been common. We describe the case of a man who had unusual combinations of abnormal rhythms, StokesAdams attacks due to complete heart-block, a systolic nmurmur, and only late congestive failure.


We demonstrate exotic edge states in two-dimensional spatial-frequency space constructed by one-dimensional modulated waveguide arrays, which exhibits a distinct topological protected one-way transmission along spatial boundary, and Bloch oscillation along the frequency dimension.


Based on the basic principles of software engineering, this paper optimizes the design of e-commerce system from the aspects of demand analysis, system design, coding, implementation, testing and maintenance. Specifically, this paper adopts the object-oriented software development method, using the UML modeling tools to model the system, adopted the MVC architecture mode to realize the stratification of the system, using the front-end technology such as HTML, CSS, JavaScript to realize the user interface design of the system, combined with the back-end technology such as Java, JSP, the Servlet system. Through the system test and the use of code quality control tools, the system is accepted, and the maintenance of the system is planned and designed. Finally, this paper realizes an easy-to-use, stable, safe and efficient e-commerce system.


Flibanserin produces a minimal effect on sexual desire and minimally increases the number of satisfying sexual events in women (less than one-half an event per month increase). Many women will be unable to tolerate the adverse effects.


This paper is concerned with the distributed generation control method for active power sharing in virtual power plant. The paper explicates the logic algorithms for active power sharing among DG units in order to mitigate transmission losses that contemporize while importing power from main grid. Logic algorithms have been formulated to share active power among DG units in case of fall short of any DG unit to cover its own load so with the help of these logic algorithms other DG units would help to compensate remaining load. Moreover, during variation of load in order to get balance between demand and supply; speed governing control system is utilized to stipulate constant speed operation which brings out stability of system. The focal point of this paper is to trim down transmission losses, reduces operation cost, preserves system frequency, improves system stability and reliability by developing control coordination centre that is responsible for dispatching power of DG units; these DG units are installed near to consumers with fast communication lines hence demands of load can be fulfilled immediately. Simulation results are shown for virtual power plant that reveal the coordination and communication among DG units to allow signals exchange which causes power sharing as well as in the reduction of import power from main grid.


The condition monitoring and trend analysis systems in Three Gorges Hydropower Plant are developed based on the.NET technology and the database Oracle10i and take the powerful hardware equipment as their supporter.The paper introduces the structure,data streams,database designs,data analysis methods,data mining methods,graph configurations of the condition monitoring and trend analysis systems in both the right bank power station and the left bank power station as well as the important position of the systems in Three Gorges Hydropower Plant.


Seven revisions of total knee replacement due to infection were conducted between 2007 and 2010 at Hospital de San José de Bogotá DC using the prosthesis re-sterilization technique. Three patients undertook a second surgical stage as definite treatment, infection eradication was achieved in all and functional results were good according to the Knee Society Score in two of the patients. Of patients not included, three still have the spacer and a second stage arthrodesis had to be conducted in one due to persistent infection. The re sterilization of prosthesis components technique and its use as an articulating spacer is herein presented as a management alternative to effectively treat infection in total knee prosthesis.


The future of humanity is inextricably linked to climate change and global warming. In this paper, Rob White explores the implications of climate change for youth sociology and for young people generally around the world. He adopts what can be termed an eco-global outlook in examining the horizon issues most likely to be of immediate relevance in the near future.


Millscale is a large by product of metal factory. Many methods to recycled it to many applications. The aim of this research is recycled millscale to produce the iron by reduction method with graphite as reductant agent. The reduction process was deed by milled millscale and graphite powder with 4:1 weight ratio was by used High Energy Milling with 4, 6, 12 hours milling time variations. The powder then was characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM) and SEM-EDS test. The XRD test result is Fe3C as a main phase then carbon, magnetite, wustite and Iron as a minor phase. The percentage of iron composition is increase during milling times amount to 6; 10.9; 13 %. The remanence for the 4, 6, and 12 hours of milling time variation, is 2.89, 3.39, and 4.98 emu/g, for the coercivity (Hc) is 209.58, 188.47, and 223.65 Oe and the magnetic saturation number is 22.59, 30.7, 39.15 emu/g, from Hc value it is concluded that the powder has superparamagnetic behavior.  From SEM-EDS is knowed that the distribution of Fe is more uniform on the surface samples with the increase of milling time.


In this study, carbonised coir (CC), was used as a filler in Natural Rubber, varying the loadings between 0 and 50phr at intervals of 10. Carbon black (CB) was also used within the same range of filler loadings. Filler for compos- ites was characterised on the basis of moisture content, pH, loss on ignition, density, and particles size. The physical prop- erties of the composite samples prepared were investigated. The results of the tests obtained for the composites using the carbonised coir were compared with those obtained from carbon black reinforced composites. It was observed that for hardness, the results obtained from composites of studied filler (CC) compared relatively well with the carbon black (CB) reinforced composites. The hardness for all samples maintained an increasing trend with increase in the filler loadings. For the tensile strength and modulus there were no sharp increases shown with increase in filler loading. The results from tests for elongation at break, compression set and flex fatigue showed a falling trend for the test fillers as the filler loadings were increased.


Abstract : Three types of information -- data, capabilities in symbolic form, and knowledge -- are distinguished in an informal manner. The role of each within an information system is sketched as the basis for a discussion of the item store. The item store is a general-purpose formatted store which will serve as a repository for files of inter-related items. The tree serves as the organizing principle for files within the store. The operational modes for the store are described as are the techniques being used to implement these operational modes.


To understand the Escherichia.coli cause diarrhea mechanism of minks diarrheic,the isolated E.coli were detected for HPI pathogenicity island of Yersinia enterocolitica.Pathogenicity islands gene irp2 and fyua were detected by PCR amplification,and the virulence of E.coli strains was determined with mice by intraperitoneal injection.E.coli strains were separated from organ and feces of diarrhea minks,which serotypes were O78,O29 and O38.Three serotypes of E.coli were detected pathogenicity islands gene irp2 and fyua,which further resulted in the occurrence of serious illness and death for experimental mice after intraperitoneal injection.The results showed that minks diarrhea were caused by E.coli strains carrying pathogenicity islands gene irp2 and fyua of Yersinia enterocolitica HPI,which will bring putative threats to the health of minks.


Nowadays, professionals in supply chain are overwhelmed by data, encouraging novel ideas about producing, analyzing and organizing data. Hence, this has provided a momentum for organizations to choose ideal data analytic functions such as big data, data science and predictive analytic functions so as to improve supply chain processes, eventually, improve performance. Nevertheless, management decisions that are related to the usage of those analytic are considered good decisions only if they are based on good data. Hence, the interest of both scientists and practitioners in big data, and big data applications, has increased significantly. Yet, still there is no complete evidence about the way big data with its applications are understood in Supply Chain Management (SCM). Experimental contributions are exceptionally limited. This paper studies the necessity and importance of the usage of big data for the purpose of enhancing both effectiveness and efficiency of supply chain process.


The Effects of Teacher Coaching in the LINCing Routine on the Vocabulary Knowledge of Secondary Students with Disabilities Dana W. Cho Old Dominion University, 2018 Dissertation Chair: Dr. Silvana Watson A pretest-posttest time series design controlling for teacher coaching was used to evaluate the effects of the LINCing Routine to support secondary students with disabilities while increasing students' vocabulary knowledge. Two special education teachers and 26 secondary students with disabilities participated in this study. Student performance was investigated in terms of increased accurate use of the LINCing Routine and overall improvement of vocabulary knowledge while controlling for teacher coaching. The dependent variable increased and remained stable throughout intervention. Pretest and posttest results were also favorable. Students reported average social validity while teachers reported high social validity for the intervention. The results suggested that secondary students with disabilities can be trained to use the routine to support their understanding of vocabulary words and increase their academic vocabulary knowledge.


Stereology offers a set of unbiased principles to obtain precise estimates of total cell numbers in a defined region. In terms of microglia, which in the traumatized and diseased CNS is an extremely dynamic cell population, the strength of stereology is that the resultant estimate is unaffected by shrinkage or expansion of the tissue. The optical fractionator technique is very efficient but requires relatively thick sections (e.g., ≥20 μm after coverslipping) and the unequivocal identification of labeled cells throughout the section thickness. We have adapted our protocol for Mac‐1 immunohistochemical visualization of microglial cells in thick (70 μm) vibratome sections for stereological counting within the murine hippocampus, and we have compared the staining results with other selective microglial markers: the histochemical demonstration of nucleotide diphosphatase (NDPase) activity and the tomato lectin histochemistry. The protocol gives sections of high quality with a final mean section thickness of >20 μm (h = 22.3 μm ± 0.64 μm), and with excellent rendition of Mac‐1+ microglia through the entire height of the section. The NDPase staining gives an excellent visualization of microglia, although with this thickness, the intensity of the staining is too high to distinguish single cells. Lectin histochemistry does not visualize microglia throughout the section and, accordingly, is not suited for the optical fractionator. The mean total number of Mac‐1+ microglial cells in the unilateral dentate gyrus of the normal young adult male C57BL/6 mouse was estimated to be 12,300 (coefficient of variation (CV) = 0.13) with a mean coefficient of error (CE) of 0.06. The perspective of estimating microglial cell numbers using stereology is to establish a solid basis for studying the dynamics of the microglial cell population in the developing and in the injured, diseased and normal adult CNS. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Aim: The goal of the current study was to determine the average placenta thickness and foetus weight for each group of gestational age, as well as the relationship between placenta thickness and foetus weight for pregnant Indian women of various gestational ages. Methods: 202 pregnant women were included as study subjects in the current study utilising a convenient sample technique. The antenatal women underwent an ultrasound examination to measure placental thickness, gestational age, and fetus weight. The correlation between the gestational age in weeks, placental thickness in cm, and foetal weight in gram was determined using the Pearson's Correlation (r value). Statistical significance was defined as a P value of 0.05 or lower. Results: The mean placental thickness increased significantly from first follow up (1.61±0.26 cms) to second follow up (2.62±0.07 cms) and third follow up visit (3.35±0.26 cms). The mean placental thickness increased significantly from first follow up (1.61±0.26 cms) to second follow up (2.62±0.07 cms) and third follow up visit (3.350±0.26 cms). The estimated gestational age (11–20 weeks) had a 79.9% variability (R2) based on placental thickness (mm).


Northwestern China is situated at the semi-arid climatic zone with a fragile eco-environmental condition. Natural landscape in this region has been largely impacted by development cities, and also has great contribution to culture implications of cities. At present, the way of urbanization, which emphases more on economic development rather than ecological protection, has jeopardized the natural landscape and environmental resources relied for survival by cities, and cities in Western China are facing even serious challenges of environmental degradation during rapid urbanization process. Green infrastructures of cities are guarantee of its citizens to get access to ecological services, and construction of green infrastructure is the major ecological counter measures for dealing with negative environmental impacts led by rapid urbanization, based on protecting environmental resources, ameliorating ecological process, and rebuilding natural landscape. Taken Xian as an example, it reviewed the construction of riparian wetland, which is one of the major components of green infrastructure in Xian. This research provided the methodology for riparian landscape constructing based on ecological and cultural characteristics of riparian landscape.


Impressed by the initial success rates (80%) of the Cook Surgisis AFP anal fistula plug for the closure of both cryptoglandular and Crohn's associated anorectal fistulas, the preliminary results from Europe showed healing rates of 41% and 61%, respectively. However, no impairment of continence was documented. Analyzing the current experiences of the plug procedure from a German perspective, a variety of issues are under debate including the role of bowel preparation, treatment of fistula tract, closure of the internal opening, postoperative management, and, finally, financial reimbursement. Furthermore, the "ideal" indication has to be defined. In general, the introduction of the plug has accelerated a "new" discussion on the optimal treatment of high anorectal fistulas. Further analysis is needed to explain the definite role of this innovative technique in comparison to traditional surgical techniques, particularly whether the plug can offer the biological properties required for permanent fistula healing. Consequently—as a European perspective—the randomized German multicenter study comparing the plug procedure vs. advancement flap repair for transsphincteric fistulas will hopefully elucidate the definite role of the plug.


A system stores a table mapping users to attributes, and stores a second table mapping the users to products associated with a source domain. The system determines a set of top scoring products for each of the attributes, and creates, using the top scoring products, a model that is predictive of an activity in a target domain, the target domain being separate from the source domain. The system detects a behavior from a particular user accessing the target domain, and generates a personalized prediction for the particular user based on the model, in response to the detecting the behavior.


Ferroelectric crystals near the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) in the Pb(Mg1∕3Nb2∕3)O3–PbZrO3–PbTiO3 ternary system were grown using the solid state crystal growth technique. A MPB composition with a Curie temperature of ∼205°C was selected for characterization of the piezoelectric properties and temperature dependent behavior. The room temperature electromechanical coupling factors were found to be ⩾90% for k33 and ∼−87% for k32, respectively, comparable to Pb(Mg1∕3Nb2∕3)O3–PbTiO3 (PMN-PT) crystals. The coercive field, being on the order of 5kV∕cm, was found to be nearly double that of the pure PMN-PT. The temperature dependence of the piezoelectric and electromechanical properties showed temperature stability up to 160°C, expanding the temperature usage range for actuator and ultrasonic transducer applications.


We initially roughly separated the ethyl acetate extract of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.with polyamide column chromatography.The obtained fraction Fr1 was further separated with high-speed counter-current chromatography(HSCCC).The employed two-phase solvent system was ethyl acetate and water whose volume ratio was 5:5,with its upper phase as the stationary phase and its lower phase as the mobile phase.The experimental scenarios were clockwise rotation of main machine,rotational speed of 850 r/min,detection wavelength of 254 nm and flow rate of 2.0 mL/min.We finally obtained 12.3 mg ononin of 99.3% purity from the fraction Fr1 of 80 mg.Its structure was analyzed by NMR.The results indicate that HSCCC is a quick method for separation and purification of ononin.


The antifungal properties of ozone (O3) gas exposure towards toxigenic fungi were evaluated in laboratory-scale treatments trials. O3 gas was utilized at a concentration of 60 μmol/mol at different times of exposure, which efficiently inhibited the fungi colonies growth, especially F. graminearum and P. citrinum. At the concentration applied, O3 gas exposure was able to inhibit conidia germination, caused hyphae morphological alterations that led to hyphae death and ROS production of all fungi tested. O3 action can be related to cell metabolism alterations, leading to apoptosis and oxidative stress, showing to be effective on controlling toxigenic fungal development which is one of the main problems regarding food contamination.


ac electro-osmosis (ACEO) has emerged recently as a promising strategy for fluid transport at microscale. With an array of planar interdigital electrodes immersed in an electrolyte, different charging mechanisms at electrode∕electrolyte interface and electrokinetic surface flows can be induced by nonuniform electrical fields. To implement ACEO micropump, asymmetry in an electrode pair is essential to generate net flow, which has been typically achieved through asymmetric electrode geometries. This work proposes asymmetric electrode polarization processes to break the electrode symmetry. A dc bias is superimposed onto ac potentials, so that the two electrodes in a pair undergo capacitive charging or Faradaic charging separately. Applying such signals, pumping action has been demonstrated with only a few volts of applied voltage and a power consumption in the range of milliwatts. Pumping velocity by asymmetric electrode polarization exhibits an exponential dependency on voltage.


The definition and management of access rules (e.g. to control access to business documents and business functions) is a fundamental task in any enterprise information system (EIS). While there exists considerable work on how to specify and represent access rules, only little research has been spent on access rule changes. Examples include the evolution of organisational models with need for subsequent adaptation of related access rules as well as direct access rule modifications (e.g. to state a previously defined rule more precisely). This paper presents a comprehensive change framework for the controlled evolution of role-based access rules in EIS. First, we consider changes of organisational models and elaborate how they affect existing access rules. Second, we define change operations which enable direct adaptations of access rules. In the latter context, we define the formal semantics of access rule changes based on operator trees. Particularly, this enables their unambiguous application, i.e. we can precisely determine which effects are caused by respective rule changes. This is important, for example, to be able to efficiently and correctly adapt user worklists in process-aware information systems. Altogether this paper contributes to comprehensive life cycle support for access rules in (adaptive) EIS.


The heating process of stabilizing was explored through the stabilizing practice of high strength pre stressed steel wire and to provide scientific basis for the auto control of temperature.The effects of the tempering process on the mechanical properties,especially on the anti stress relaxation properties were also presented.The results showed that the process could meet the quality requirement of high strength low relaxation pre stressed steel wire.


m o t o r i s t s have been whipsawed by gasoline prices in the last six months, with prices topping out at over $2 a gallon in June before plummeting below $1.30 scarcely a month later. Despite the return of prices to lower levels, the frustration of consumers with the high price of gasoline has yet to dissipate. Sensing an opportunity, the state's politicians have jumped on this as a campaign issue, duly promising to get to the bottom of the matter as soon as possible, no doubt by early November.


A new type of Langmuir probe array is installed on the compact helical system heliotron/torsatron for the study of edge plasma turbulence. The probe array consists of four sets of the standard triple probes which are composed by four electrodes. Each triple probe set is slightly displaced both in the toroidal and poloidal directions to minimize the shadow effects among these probe sets. In order to investigate the structural effects of Langmuir probe arrays, the results obtained by this new probe array are compared with the results previously obtained by the old probe array where the triple probe sets were displaced only in the poloidal direction from each other. Stationary plasma parameters near the plasma edge such as electron temperature, density, and plasma potential were consistently obtained by two probe arrays. However, the new probe array displaced toroidally is more reliable to measure the particle flux induced by fluctuations where accurate measurement of the poloidal electric field fluctuations...


Part I: Introduction 1. Introduction Luke Plonsky 2. The place and value of advanced quantitative methods in L2 research JD Brown Part II: Enhancing Existing Quantitative Methods 3. Statistical power, p values, descriptive statistics, and effect sizes: A "back-to-basics" approach to advancing quantitative methods in L2 research Luke Plonsky 4. A practical guide to bootstrapping descriptive statistics, correlations, t tests, and ANOVAs Geoffrey T. LaFlair, Jesse Egbert, & Luke Plonsky 5. Presenting quantitative data visually Thom Hudson 6. Meta-analysis Luke Plonsky & Frederick L. Oswald Part III: Advanced and Multivariate Methods 7. Multiple Regression Eun Hee Jeon 8. Mixed effects modeling and longitudinal data analysis Ian Cunnings & Ian Finlayson 9. Principal components analysis & factor analysis Shawn Loewen & Talip Gonulal 10. Structural equation modeling Rob Schoonen 11. Cluster analysis Douglas Biber & Shelley Staples 12. Rasch analysis Ute Knoch & Tim McNamara 13. Discriminant function analysis John M. Norris 14. Bayesian data analysis Beth Mackey & Steven Ross


Many researchers have emphasized the importance of dynamic probabilistic safety assessment (PSA), which highlights the necessity of studies for dynamic human reliability analysis (HRA). Dynamic HRA concentrates on a dynamic account of human actions or how performance shaping factors (PSFs) can dynamically modify the human error probability (HEP) over time. In contrast, existing static HRA does not consider human actions as changes over time or event progressions. Accordingly, previous research on dynamic HRA conceptually suggested PSF lag and linger effects to treat dependence between operator actions in dynamic HRA versus existing approaches. As follow-up research, this study attempted to identify PSF lag and linger effects for dynamic HRA on the basis of experimental data. Firstly, mathematical models for PSF lag and linger effects were developed based on a literature survey in the field of biology. Secondly, we analyzed experimental scenarios from a control room study to identify operator actions considered in PSA. Lastly, based on the experimental data, the effect of the stress PSF with lag and linger effects was compared to that without PSF lag and linger effects. This paper concludes with an overall discussion of PSF lag and linger effects based on the relation between the stress PSF and error occurrence.


Chip multiprocessors (CMPs) involve directory storage overhead if cache coherence is realized via sharer tracking. This work proposes a novel framework dubbed <underline>n</underline>on-<underline>u</underline>niform <underline>d </underline>irectory <underline>a</underline>rchitecture (NUDA), by leveraging our two insights in that the number of "active" directory entries required to stay on chip is usually small for a short execution time window due to high directory locality, and that the fraction of interrogated directory entries drops as the core count rises. Unlike earlier storage overhead reduction techniques that require all cached LLC blocks to have their directory entries fully on chip, NUDA dynamically buffers only most active <underline>d</underline>irectory <underline>v </underline>ectors (DVs) on chip while keeping DVs of all LLC blocks in a backing store at low level storage. NUDA attains its superior efficiency via an inventive <underline>c</underline>riticality-<underline>a</underline>ware <underline>r</underline>eplacement <underline>p</underline>olicy (CARP) for on-chip buffer management and effective prefetching to <underline>p</underline>re-<underline>a</underline>ctivate <underline>ve</underline>ctors (PAVE) for upcoming coherence interrogations. We have evaluated NUDA by gem5 simulation for 64-core CMPs under PARSEC and SPLASH benchmarks, demonstrating that CARP and PAVE enhance on-chip directory storage efficiency significantly. NUDA with a small on-chip buffer for DVs exhibits negligible performance degradation (to stay within 2.6 percent) compared to a full on-chip directory, while outperforming its previous counterparts for directory area reduction when on-chip directory budget is provisioned scarcely for high scalability.


The paper discusses the position of national geography within the system of geography as a unique science, or being one of the geographical branches. Regarding this, the subject matter, tasks, and goals of national geography are being de9 ned. From the theoretical, conceptual, and practical points of view, national geography refers to dual approach to the subject matter. On one hand, there is the geography of states, depending on whether the states originate from an ethnical-national principle, or they are civil states in which all the citizens belong to the same nation regardless of their ethnical or any other characteristic. On the other side, national geography is connected with ethnical territoriality of a nation no matter whether a nation belongs to one or several countries, all of which tightly refers to Serbian national geography. Based on the relevant researches of geography and its complementary sciences, there have been hypotheses that potentially solve the issues of Serbian geospace (Serbian lands). Among these, we stress out the issues of territorial organization and position of Serbian ethnos within the existing political-territorial systems (geographical forms).


Techniques for transmitting data using a combination of transmit diversity schemes are described. These transmit diversity schemes include spatial spreading, continuous beamforming, cyclic delay diversity, space-time transmit diversity (STTD), space-frequency transmit diversity (SFTD), and orthogonal transmit diversity (OTD). A transmitting entity processes one or more (ND) data symbol streams based on a transmit diversity scheme (e.g., STTD, SFTD, or OTD) to generate multiple (NC) coded symbol streams. Each data symbol stream may be sent as a single coded symbol stream or as multiple (e.g., two) coded symbol streams using STTD, SFTD, or OTD. The transmitting entity may perform spatial spreading on the NC coded symbol streams with different matrices to generate multiple (NT) transmit symbol streams for transmission from NT antennas. Additionally or alternatively, the transmitting entity may perform continuous beamforming on the NT transmit symbol streams in either the time domain or the frequency domain.


Chronic nitrite intoxication is a widely spread pathologic process. Toxic methemoglobinemia can influence formation and development of main pathologic processes. The aim of the present work was to study efficiency of combined pharmacocorrection of prooxidant-antioxidant balance in erythrocytes, brain and liver with bemitile and cystamine in conditions of methemoglobinemia caused by long nitrite intoxication. Investigation was fulfilled on 50 rats. Sodium nitrite in the dose of 50 mg/kg daily was administered to male rats during 4 weeks. Methemoglobin, diene conjugates, superoxidismutase, catalase, glucose-6-phosphatdehydrogenase were investigated in rat brain and liver tissues and erythrocytes. Combination of bemitile and cystamine has been found to be an effective method of correction of prooxidant-antioxidant balance in erythrocytes and brain hemispheres of rats in conditions of methemoglobinemia.


In order to improve the accuracy of robot joints model,a modeling approach is proposed,in which the friction, backlash and hysteresis characteristics are included in an integrated model.The proposed model is built upon dividing a robot joint into high-speed and low-speed axes respectively.The friction model of high-/low-speed axes are set up based on the GMS(generalized Maxwell-slip) model.Preisach model is utilized to describe the linear behaviors of the high-/low-speed axes of the hysteresis model,and the polynomial method is used to describe nonlinear stiffness in the hysteresis behavior to meet the actual conditions of the reducers' nonlinearity.A simple and effective method is developed to model the backlash behavior in which the speed difference of input and output axes is regarded as the state variable.Finally,an integrated robot joint model is established and simulated in the environment of Matlab/Simulink.Simulation results show that the proposed approach reflects the nonlinear features of robot joints effectively,and thereby can be used in robot joints modeling for describing characteristics and improving accuracy.