AbstractThe transient strain dip test was applied to a commercial titanium alloy. Incubation times were recorded while a positive creeprate was re-established. The incubation times were much longer than those recorded for pure metals. Negative creep responses were also observed and associated with reverse yielding during the stress reduction process. It is proposed that the length of theincubation period is determined by a thermally activated recovery mechanism. An activation energy which is broadly comparable to that observed elsewhere during hot compression testing of the same alloy was monitored.


Zakat, infaq, and shadaqah (ZIS) are the important instruments in Islamic Economic. Especially zakat, it can be seen from the states of zakat with sholat in 29 verses of Al Quran. Because ZIS is estimable in empowering the society economy, it has to be well managed by zakat administrator institution. Therefore, for achieving that goal, zakat administrator institution has to be able in determining people who have rights to receive zakat to avoid zakat distribution overlapping. This research has a goal in identifying the determination of zakat receivers (mustahiq) in zakat administrator institution in Surabaya. There are four research objects: Dompet Dhuafa Republika, Pos Keadilan Peduli Umat, Yayasan Dana Sosial Al Falah, and Baitul Maal Hidayatullah. It will use descriptive qualitative as the research approach. The results of this research conclude that each zakat administrator institution has different criteria of zakat receivers, especially in poor and needy people criteria. The differences can be seen from the standard of poverty used by zakat administrator institution.


A moment may arrive in your life when you feel you have enough material of one sort or another to make into an article for the instruction and betterment of your fellow men and perchance to add yet another laurel to your own unquestioned fame. This moment of conception is often delightful, but it has inevitably to be followed by the weariness of gestation for at least nine months (two years in the case of elephants and the WHO), culminating in an exhausting delivery which is far from anesthetic.


Let's cons idersevenhypothetical solo-practice otolaryngologists located in different regio ns of the United States . They are ab le to compare themselves with each other in "apples to app les" terms because all seve n physicians in this network use the same practice management software via the Internet. Comparing their financial data (figure) can be very instructive. Amount ofpayment per RVU. Note that doctor I and docto r 7 charged and received approx imately the same amount of money during the 90-day perio d, but doctor 7 needed to prod uce only 38% of doc tor l 's relative value units (RVUs) (1,3 10/3,471) . We can conclude from this information that doctor 7's payer mix is better. Therefore, doc tor I should investigate the con trac ted rates and specifics of doctor 7' s reimbursement arra nge ment to determi ne if he can increase his compensation for services provided. The geographic practice index migh t acco unt for a sma ll port ion of the discrepanc y, but also note that doctor 7' s average charge is much higher than doctor I 's ($406.44 vs. $ 178.26). This imp lies that doc tor 7 has a higher surgical volume in his practice . In fact, doctor I has a large allergy practice, which means that his ave rage charges are lower. Doc tor 6 's average charge is 88 % of doctor 7's ($357.54/$406.44). Doc tor 6 received $ 10 1.55 per RVU ($ 144, I06.19/1,4 19), while doctor 7 rece ived $ 185.20 per RVU ($242 ,6 16.50/ 1,3 10). A comparison of the practices of doctors 1, 6, and 7 indicates that doc tor 7's payer reimbursement is the best of the three. Docto r 7' s practice can serve as a benc hmark for improving reimbursement for all members of the network. Improving collections. Doctor 6 recei ved7 1% of doctor 5's payments ($ I44K/$202K), although the gap betwee n their 90-day charges, average charges, and number of RVUs was not nearly as wide. Th is imp lies that doc tor 5 has a better payer mix and/or a better co llec tion system. Increasing the numb er of collections rece ived at the time of service can have a dramatic influence on pract ice revenues .' Again, doctor 6 should study doc tor 5' s methods to learn how to improve his performance.


There is less consensus about the practice meaning of self-determination in the 1970s than perhaps ever before. Until a decade ago the literature appeared to be enunciating a principle which, although difficult to apply, especially in some circumstances, enjoyed reasonable consensus about its essential meaning; the issues surrounding its translation into practice could therefore potentially be refined enough to give substance and form to its application.


Solitary bone cyst (SBC), a relatively uncommon lesion of the jawbones. It is a type of the so-called "pseudocysts" of the jaws since the bone cavity is not lined with proper cystic membrane. Because of the numerous synonyms coined with this lesion make it obvious that there has been much disagreement on the pathogenesis of the lesion. It is an uncommon intraosseous non-neoplastic lesion of the jaws that almost affects patients in the second decade of life and have an excellent prognosis. It is an asymptomatic, slow growing, usually nonexpansile lesion commonly diagnosed incidentally during routine radiographic examination of the jaw bones. The present literature reports a case of SBC in 24 year old male patient in posterior mandibular region along with a short review.


OLD DOMINION STEAMSHIP CO. v. McKENNA ET AL. The procurement of workmen, who are employed upon terms as to wages which are just and satisfactory to quit work inl abody for the purpose of hiflicting injury and damage upon the employer by persons who are not in his employ, and until the employer should accede to demands of such outside persons; which he is under no obligation to grant, constitutes in law a malicious and illegal interference with the employer's business, which is actionable. Declaring and attempting to enforce a boycott for the purpose of compelling an employer to pay such a rate of wages to his employees us the boycotters wio are not in his employ might 'demand, are acts rendering the boycotters liable in damages, and are also misdemeanors at common law as well as by Pen. Code N. Y. 168. All combinations and associations designed to coerce workmen to become membets of such combinations or associations, or to interfere with, obstruct, vex or annoy them in workitig, or in obtaining work, because they are not members, or in order to induce them to become members ; or designed to prevent employers from making a just discrimination in the rate of wages paid to the skilful and to the unskilful ; to the diligent and to the lazy; to the efficient and to the inefficient ; and all associations designed to interfere with the perfect freedom of employers in the proper management and control of their lawful business, or to dictate in any pariclar the terms upon which their business shall be conducted, by means of threats of injury or loss, by interfierence with their property or traffic, or with their lawfil employment of other persons, or designed to abridge any of these rights-are pro tanto illegal combinations or associations ; and all acts done in furtherance of such intentions by such means, and accompanied by damage, are actionable. An action to recover damages from those who have combined to do such an injury to a plaintilf's business, and the use of his property, is 11 an action for an injury to property," within the meaning of section 549, subd. 2, Code Civil Proc. N. Y., and an order for the arrest of defendanms may be granted therein.


One case of esophago-pleural fistula and one case of cutaneo-hepato-colonic fistula demonstrated by computed tomography (CT) are presented, and the value of CT in the diagnosis of fistulas is briefly discussed.


Arranged in the housing (1) of the lock latch is a circuit (17) of an access monitoring device with two switches (18, 19) connected in series. The first switch (18) is opened in response to the displacement of a slide (11) by means of an electromagnet (15) or by means of a key-actuated cylinder lock (16) during entry from the outside. When the door is opened as a result of key actuation, the access monitoring device does not detect authorised access and triggers the alarm. So that exit from inside takes place without the alarm being triggered, when the lock latch (3) is retracted by means of the pusher located on the inside the second switch (19) is closed, with the result that a signal for authorised exit is transmitted to the access monitoring device. By means of this arrangement, unauthorised access from outside cannot take place unnoticed via the key-actuated cylinder lock (16).


Social entrepreneurship is activity that is organised with particular social, environmental or community objective. Social entrepreneurship may be providing services or training to socially deprived or disabled persons, using profits for socially oriented purposes, or organising self-help groups for community action. The question is: how is social entrepreneurship organised in Denmark?
Specifically, what are the organisational features concerning:
- social, environmental and economic goals in social entrepreneurship
- innovation through social entrepreneurship
- legal forms of social enterprises
- financing of social enterprises
- reinvestment of surplus in developing social goals
- public backing of social enterprises
- networking for advice
- management and staffing of social enterprises
- size of social enterprises and expectations for growth


This paper examines factors that impact the frequency of financial statement preparation among a sample of 312 SMEs.  Specifically, the study examines the relationship between how often financial statements are prepared and (1) whether the financial statements are used to make decisions and (2) owners' confidence in the reliability of their financial statements.  Financial statements provide important information that should be used to help guide decisions. The findings showed that the frequency of financial statement preparation was directly associated with whether the financial statements were used to make decisions and inversely associated with owners' confidence in the reliability of their financial statements.  Additionally, the results showed that the frequency of financial statement preparation was directly associated with gender and size of community in which the firm was located.  The results should be useful for owners of SMEs and providers of services to SMEs to better understand which factors affect how often financial statements are prepared and to provide business development assistance.


Leptospirosis is one of the neglected infectious diseases locally widespread and extremely significant in tropical areas due to its great epidemic potential. It is a worldwide public health problem in view of the emergence and reemergence of the disease due to lack of sanitation and negligence, among other factors. In fact, leptospirosis infects more than 1 million people per year, resulting in almost 60,000 deaths. Human infection generally takes place after skin exposure to soil and/or water contaminated with urine of chronically infected mammals. The clinical presentations of the disease vary from a slight fever, goosebumps and flu-like symptoms to the acute forms of the disease. Understanding the main aspects of the disease is paramount due to the many unspecific signs and symptoms as well as frequently mistaken diagnosis. In this article, we discuss the epidemiological, immunopathogenic, clinical and prophylactic aspects of this condition with the purpose of clarifying an up to date panorama of the subject.
KEY WORDS: Leptospirosis; Leptospira; concepts; clinical update.


This paper presents a simple numerical algorithm to calculate single-electron synchrotron radiation spectra resulting from acceleration in an arbitrary magnetic field. The focus is on an exact implementation of the basic formula governing the emission, not on fast computation. Comparisons to several analytical calculations are made, and some results applicable for the FLASH free-electron laser are given.


Experimental data are often employed to obtain stress amplitude versus number of cycles to failure characteristics of materials (S-N Curve). This activity as a laboratory component of a junior level materials science course explores a novel way to understand the fatigue failure process. The students study fatigue failure in terms of crack nucleation where a small crack grows from a zero length to a threshold crack size that depends on the applied stress level and the threshold fracture toughness (a concept that the students learn in the course). A characteristic size or a distance parameter is used in the formulation which is dependent on the endurance or the fatigue limit of the material as well as the threshold fracture toughness. The student start with a given stress range and calculate the crack nucleation life (in cycles) to find the number of cycles to failure. The input material properties needed for the exercise are the endurance limit and the threshold fracture toughness.


Abstract : In the course of this proposal, it is proposed to develop and simulate a thermally-stable one-thousand-layer 3-D recording system with an eight-bit address/word line capable of recording and retrieving eight bits in parallel. Assuming a bit cell with one square micron in cross-section, this is equivalent to an effective areal density of 640 Gbit/in2. The undergraduate student involved in this proposal (Nissim Amos) and the PI will make a presentation of the results of the numerical simulations indicating the functionality of the device. The simulations proposed will be performed both with PC and a state-of-the-art computer cluster system recently established at FIU. The use of the cluster computing will allow to extend the simulations (in the near future) to systems capable of pentabyte recording. The simulations will incorporate both magnetostatic and micromagnetic (quantum-mechanical) interactions between the grains in the 3-D media. The thermal stability of the recording media will be addressed throughout the simulations. In the course of this proposal, it is planned to raise interest in this technology at least to the level of prototype building. A detailed plan (with drawings and steps) to build a first-principle prototype will be proposed by the end of the project. In the course of this proposal, it is planned to publish at least two articles (one on the modeling technique and the other on the simulation results) in peer-review journals (upon an agreement with US Air Force). The above-described project on simulation of a 3-D magnetic recording system will be conducted in parallel with the experimental work on the prototype development.


In the process of electrospinning,if the spinning solution is absolutely insulating,or the applied voltage is not high enough,the electrostatic force will not be able to overcome the surface tension,so it can not produce nanofibers.After adding salt in polymer solution,the jet surface charge increases and the strength of jet in electric field is changed.The research shows that after adding different content of LiCl in polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)solution,the stretch phenomenon produced.LiCl significantly reduces the surface tension of the PVA,so the sticky of the polymer is reduced and the process of spinning can be easy,fiber stretching is more remarkable.The experiment result is quite agree with the theory research.


The need for productivity improvement should be uppermost on both, the government and private sector's agenda. The majority of South Africans expect great prosperity and this can only be done though greate r employment, high productivity and wage increases. New employment opportunities create new goods and services, which give rise to sales from which wages are paid. Increased productivity can finance highe r wages without burdening the customer with higher selling prices. There should be a strong co-operation betwe en management and labor to improve productivity, there by ensuring the survival of South African companies , Productivity governs the creation of wealth and cos t-competitiveness. To be successful in today's comp etitive business arena, organizations find themselves turni ng to their employees for creative suggestions and ideas of ways of doing things better. The concept of continu ous improvement, urging everyone in the organization to think of implement small, incremental and logical i mprovements, has become a way of life and a business


Side doors are important parts of a vehicle, whose strength has big influence for the structure of the car and hence the safety of the passengers. Chinese National Regulation (GB15743-1995) has clear requirements for car doors and their testing processes. In this paper, we analyze the characteristic structure of the car door and study specifically on the structure of door beam and its influence for door strength. A finite element model of vehicle for door impact is created. We analyze the result by LS-DYNA software and validate the efficiency of this model through door impact test. The result shows that the initial crush resistance is less than the value required by national regulation. Through optimization of the cross structure of the door beam, the strength of side door is improved, and the result satisfies the requirement of the regulation.


The electronic spectra of phenol, 2-chlorophenol, 2-aminophenol, and 2-nitrophenol have been studied both experimentally and computationally. The effect of the substituents on the solvatochromic behavior of the phenols were investigated in polar protic (methanol) and aprotic (dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)) solvents. The spectra of 2-nitrophenol recorded the highest red shift in methanol. The observed spectral changes were investigated computationally by means of density functional theory (DFT) methods. The gas phase compounds were fully optimized using B3LYP functionals with 6-31++G(d,p) bases set. The effects of the substituents on the electron distribution in the σ-bonds as well as the natural charge on the constituent atoms were analyzed by natural bond orbital (NBO) and natural population analysis (NPA). Second-order perturbation analyses also revealed substantial delocalization of nonbonding electrons on the substituents onto the phenyl ring, thereby increasing its electron density. Full interaction map (FIM) also showed regions of varying propensities for hydrogen and halogen bonding interactions on the phenols.


plasmids, allows these plasmids tobe mobilized intrans bytheIncPplasmids pRK231andR751. The2.8-kb region hasbeensequenced, andseveral openreading frames havebeenidentified. Mutants defective intwogenes, designated mocAandmocB,coding fordeduced products of36.4and16.4kDa,respectively, cannot bemobilized byeither IncPplasmid; these mutants canbecomplemented inthepresence oftherespective wild-type genes intrans. Thissuggests that the putative MocAandMocBproteins havearoleinthemobilization process. The36.4-kDa MocAprotein contains a14-amino-acid sequence whichisclosely related toahighly conserved motif within DNArelaxases encoded byawidevariety ofconijugal ormobilizable plasmids. Subcloning experiments alsoleadtothe localization ofanoniT region within a199-bp fragment, internal tothemobilization cassette. Bacterial conjugation isaprocess inwhichplasmid or chromosomal DNA istransferred fromabacterial donor cell toasuitable recipient cell. Asaresult, genetic information is disseminated toawidevariety ofbacterial species (3). A bacterial conjugal element ortransfer factor that iscapable ofself-transfer mustcontain acis-acting origin oftransfer, oriT, andinaddition encode andregulate numerous transacting transfer functions inorder toestablish effective contacts withrecipient cells andtoinitiate DNA transfer and replication (3). Nonconjugal plasmids whichcontain anoriT site butnotthenecessary transfer functions maybeefficiently mobilized ifa transfer factor whichencodes the essential transfer genesispresent inthesamecell (1,11). Oneclass ofnonconjugal butmobilizable plasmids encodes plasmid-specific protein(s) whichinteracts atits ownspecific oriTsite(s) toinitiate DNA processing fortransfer. These plasmids utilize thetransfer apparatus established bya coresident transfer factor. A general modelfortheprocessing ofDNA toinitiate transfer, based primarily onexperiments withtheFfactor of Escherichia coli, includes theformation ofa relaxation complex atoriTFandsubsequent site- andstrand-specific nicking atthis site (26). Following this initiation reaction, the nicked single strand istransferred totherecipient cell ina 5'-to-3' direction andthecomplementary strand issynthesized inthenewhost. Theuntransferred DNA strand serves asatemplate forreplacement synthesis inthedonorcell, although thiseventisnotrequired forsuccessful DNA transfer. Fordetailed reviews ofconjugative transfer involvingF andselected R factors, seeWilletts andSkurray (25) andGuiney andLanka(3). A great dealofattention hasbeendirected tothestudy of transfer amongthebroad-host-range transfer factors ofthe IncPfamily. Thisgroupoftransfer factors iscapable of


Abstract Electromagnetic hypersensitivity is an illness in which exposure to electromagnetic radiation can produce a variety of physical symptoms. In most towns and cities, current levels of this radiation are more than a million times higher than previous levels under which life has evolved. People who are chronically exposed or have some other inciting event, or both, may become severely electrosensitive, thus becoming deprived of safe access to much of their surroundings. The immediate physical consequences of this malady can be devastating, and the secondary psychological challenges often are just as dire. This N = 1 study by a physician with severe electromagnetic hypersensitivity describes the "underworld journey" of a person suffering from this illness. Key Words: Environmental anxiety/eco-anxiety—Environmental health.


The invention discloses an integrated circuit for an electronic cigarette and the electronic cigarette. Through bilateral control design of the charge process and the discharge process of a rechargeable battery, the power device can be used repeatedly, the number of semiconductor devices is reduced, and the electric circuit cost is reduced; through arranging a temperature detection function to perform overheating protection on the system, the system can work in a safe temperature range; a battery current limitation function is arranged to limit the output current of the rechargeable battery, so that the battery is protected; meanwhile, a short circuit proof function is arranged, and when the output current of the integrated circuit is too high, the output current of the integrated circuit is limited, so that the system is protected.


In this paper, we propose a mechanical characterization system using a load sensing chip which consists a sample clamping integrated with a load sensor. In order to measure the mechanical characteristics of thin membrane, there are two keys for force measurement; a wide measurement range and the clamping method of thin sample. To meet these requirements, we integrate the load sensor using quartz crystal resonator (QCR) with the microfluidic suction device as a sample clamping unit. In order to obtain the high resolution for force sensing, we evaluated the effectiveness of thickness of QCR on the sensitivity. By using the thinner QCR of 15 pm, we achieved the 96812.7 Hz/N as the sensitivity of QCR load sensor. We fabricated the proposed load sensing chip using thinner QCR, and measured the tensile force of ILM model using the constructed measurement system.


Abstract The present empirical investigation is an addition to the existing extant literature available on the issue of initial public offering (IPO) which sees its inherent anomaly of underpricing by linking it to some of under-researched dimensions of corporate governance in the emerging economy of India. This study incorporates about 443 Indian IPO firms with their board composition and ownership retained by promoter group post IPO being primary variables of focus which are obtained from respective prospectuses of such firms. Like many previous studies, this study also keeps signalling theory as base, and findings show that only interlocking of directors among all the board variables has a significant and negative relation with underpricing. Significant relation of ownership concentration in hands of promoter group with underpricing shows that it is considered as a signal by investors assisting them in gauging safety of their minority interests. Findings show that too high insiders' ownership alignment of interest between promoters and minority holders turn into risk of entrenchment by initial investors, that is, promoters as perceived by investors.


An external environment recognition device for a vehicle and a vehicle system capable of assuring safety and reducing the processing load in a compatible manner are provided. An external environment recognition device 100 for a vehicle includes: first collision determination means 103 for computing a risk of collision of a host vehicle with a detected object in front of the host vehicle on the basis of information of a predicted course of the host vehicle and the detected object; and second collision determination means 104 for determining whether the detected object enters the predicted course from the outside of the predicted course or not. This device further includes object selection means 105 for selecting the detected object having a risk at least a first threshold and the detected object determined to enter the predicted course as selection candidate objects from among the detected objects, and for selecting the selection candidate object having a minimum relative distance to the host vehicle as a pedestrian determination request object from among the selected selection candidate objects. This device further includes pedestrian determination means 106 for determining whether the selected pedestrian determination request object is a pedestrian or not using image information.


The Food and Drug Administration has approved Multaq 400 mg tablets to help maintain normal heart rhythms in patients with a history of atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter.


In one embodiment, a method comprising: receiving a user identifier circuit pressure signature button, the button pressure signature sequence assigned button pressure values in the respective buttons identified user input device is sampled during the user presses; User identification circuit to identify a user based on the user input device the button pressure signature; and a user identifier identifying the circuit output identified button and the identified user's message.


Background: Refractive errors, especially myopia now are particular concerned because of its implications for public health. Besides, the economic and financial burden of myopia on families and society. Objectives: Determine the current prevalence of myopia, and associated factors in Cao Nguyen practice high school students in 2022. Related factors. Materials and method: The cross-sectional study was carried on 627 students of Cao Nguyen practice high school, from January of 2022 to December 2022. The students were approached, filled in the charts, and then were checked the vision acuity and refractive. Results: Percentage of students with myopia is 48.8%, with the simple myopia is 26.5%, and the myopic astigmatism is 22.3%. Percentage of female students with myopia is 64.7%, and male students is 35.3%. Percentage of myopia in urban is 64.7%, and in rural is 35.3%. Percentage of myopia of school grade of 10, school grade of 11, and school grade of 12 is rising gradually 41.2%, 49.2%, and 55%. Most of students have myopia in both eyes, at 90.2%. Incidence rate is 23.4%. Conclusion: Percentage of myopia in Cao Nguyen Practice High School students is high, and is rising gradually by grade. Three associated factors are gender, residential area, and family history.
Key words: refractive error, myopia, Cao Nguyen Practice High School.


Adenosine is a strong coronary dilator.It has multiple effects on cardiovascular system.Combining with angiocardiography,myocardial perfusion imaging ,coronary Doppler or transthoracic echocardiography, it can be used in the measurement of coronary flow reserve ,diagnosis of coronary artery disease and assessment of viable myocardium.


ABSTRACT Urban daylight significantly affects the physical and mental health of urban residents. Many previous studies focused on how outdoor daylight conditions affect indoor daylighting of buildings, whereas the design of outdoor daylighting conditions, which also exerted an equally significant part, was relatively overlooked. There are also few studies empirically explored the outdoor daylight in various forms of mature urban neighbourhoods. Through investigating the outdoor pedestrian daylight performances of 11 representative open urban neighbourhood units in inner-city Shenzhen, this study aims to identify the influence of urban design factors. Through field investigation, mapping and on-site measurement, this study explored and analysed the horizontal illuminance level and site illuminance uniformity of 84 outdoor spaces. As the results revealed, urban morphological characteristics significantly affected the daytime pedestrian illumination. Specifically, the high-density mid-rise urban villages and the urban park demonstrated the best daytime outdoor visual comfort conditions. The multivariate regression test demonstrated that sky view factor exerted the greatest influence on the daytime outdoor illumination, followed by the mean building height, ground surface albedo and vertical uniformity. Hence, urban morphological patterns have great potential in optimizing urban design for outdoor daylighting behaviours and energy use, which is of great reference value in setting specific standards to achieve the goals of the initiatives of "Healthy Cities."


Asbestos in different environmental matrices is an important question for environmental  and  human health; chemical, mineralogical and morphological properties that characterize asbestos, cause some difficulties in its correct quantitative determination, so asbestos  must  have a specific specialized approach . The growing need to enable recycling techniques, reuse of waste materials from the perspective of saving resources and reducing consumption of raw materials, leading to the treatment and recovery of waste and aggregates, in particular those from demolition.The asbestos presence or asbestos-containing materials obviously undermines the goal of recovery and can lead to serious health problems. In this article, divided into two separate paragraphs, we intend to highlight the analytic problems, about the quantitative determination of asbestos in soils, contaminated sites, in earth and rock excavation and non-hazardous waste to be sentfor recovery. We also do reasoned proposals in order to achieve changes in the legislation itself.


Purpose: To present young monozygotic twins both of whom developed choroidal neovascularization at the same time. Case/Observations: Monozygotic twins, 22-year-old women, who lived in the same house, developed choroidal neovascularization in the left eye at the same time. The degree of myopia was higher in the left eye (–7.75 and –8.5 dpt in spherical equivalent) than in the right eye (–6.75 and –4.5 dpt) of both patients. The choroidal neovascularization regressed in a different time course and the visual acuity returned to normal in both patients. Conclusion: This pair of monozygotic twins suggests that both genetic and environmental factors underlie the development of choroidal neovascularization in myopic eyes.


Summary The dye-binding procedure presented in this paper involves changes or modifications of previously published methods or equipment. The flow-through cuvette (1, 2) was modified by reversing the flow through the cell and providing a longer inlet. This provided rapid flow through the cuvette and eliminated the problem of air locks in the inlet tube and bubbles in the cell. The procedures of Dolby (3) and Raadsveld (4, 5) were modified by changing the flow-through cuvette, the volume of milk, and the strength of the dye solution. These changes did not alter the accuracy, but greatly simplified the procedure.


Campylobacter jejuni is a leading cause of acute diarrhea worldwide, usually mild and self-limiting. No adequate hypothesis has yet been formulated to explain why in an otherwise healthy host this infection is occasionally severe. In a pig model, C jejuni has been shown to be pathogenic only in the presence of swine whipworm. A human case of life-threatening C jejuni colitis leading to toxic megacolon and acute renal failure, associated with concomitant whipworm (Trichuris suis) ova in the feces, is reported. The potential of T suis to potentiate C jejuni in humans deserves further study.


The island of Buru in Maluku province, Indonesia was visited in November and December 1989. Using a point count method, we assessed the conservation status of the island's restricted-range lowland birds by examining their abundance and habitat associations. Thirteen of Buru's 19 lowland restricted-range species were recorded during the fieldwork. Of these we assign nine (White-eyed Imperial Pigeon Ducula perspicillata, Moluccan Red Lory Eos bornea, Bum Racquet-tail Prioniturus mada, Black-tipped Monarch Monarcha loricatus, White-naped Monarch Monarcha pileatus, Dark-grey Flycatcher Myiagra galeata, Flame-breasted Flowerpecker Dicaeum erythrothorax, Bum Yellow White-eye Zosterops buruensis and Black-faced Friarbird Philemon moluccensis) to IUCN's Safe/Low risk category of threat, on the basis of their large populations, widespread occurrence on Bum and association with non-pristine habitats. We recommend that the remaining six of the recorded species remain Data-deficient but some of these (e.g. Blue-fronted Lorikeet Charmosyna toxopei and Bum Cuckoo-shrike Coracina fortis) may be Vulnerable. While data on the birds which we did not record are obviously needed, we suggest that the amount of forest remaining, the abundance of many species and their tolerance of selectively logged forests bodes well for the immediate future of the bulk of Buru's lowland avifauna.


In duction therapy in renal transplantation is intended to re- duce acute rejection. Induction therapy is given with a anti- lymphocyte-depleting agent or receptor antagonist of interleu- kin-2 (IL2-RA) before starting, or just at the time immediately after transplantation. Evidence shows benefit in using IL2-RA against placebo in variable immunologic risk patients and different regimens of immunosuppression. There is moderate quality evidence that the use of a antilymphocyte-depleting agent against placebo reduces acute rejection and graft failure in patients with high immunological risk. There is also evi- dence that in patients with different immunological risk using lymphocyte-depleting agents compared with IL2-RA reduces the incidence of acute rejection but increases the risk of infec- tion and malignancy. From this evidence the use of induction therapy is recommended with a biological agent as part of the initial immunosuppressive therapy in renal transplant recipi- ents and it is recommended that IL2-RA agent is the first line induction therapy.


A review of the 2-D, impulsively started cylinder literature is given to identify a number of physical parameters that can impact the nondimensional time at which vortex asymmetries begin. These parameters are then related to 3-D testing and explain the lack of data repeatability. The implications of these parameters on 3-D computational modeling is also discussed. An ad hoc form of the time analogy is then used to analyze and organize a slender body data base. An important result of the analysis is that the sectional side force in the nose region is a key to understanding the side force behavior for the configuration as a whole. The nose side force at the first pressure station is shown, for the data analyzed, to uniquely determine the rest of the side force development for laminar flow and to correlate with roll orientation independent of angle of attack and Reynolds number.


Standard Penetration Test (SPT), bulk densities, constants determined by tri-axial dynamic load-boreholes using the PS suspension logging tool. it seemed to vary lithofacies were taken into account in the cor-with lithofacies and depositional stage. This relation analysis. indicates that S wave velocity itself is helpful The results of the correlation analysis are as as a good indicator to evaluate other geotech-follows. First, natural water content ratio and nical properties of Holocene sediments and to void ratio are inappropriate as an indicator of estimate the sedimentological environments.


In the present study, antibiotic resistance data generated in Greece by the WHONET Network were further analyzed by the use of data mining techniques. More specifically association rules were extracted among data collected in the Microbiology Dept. of "Sismanoglion" General Hospital, a 500-bed general hospital, in Athens, Greece. The data studied were the susceptibility results, as well as data concerning the patient's wards, the day of isolation and the type of clinical specimen, of a total of 20,794 bacterial isolates collected in the period January 1 1996 to December 31 2000,. The factors used to measure the importance of each association rule were its strength (confidence), its support, its coverage, its leverage and its lift. Two main rule categories were generated, one associating clinical specimen, time and ward of isolation, with bacterial species and the second one associating the same attributes with resistant phenotypes. The factors most often used to compare and evaluate different rules were leverage and lift. The system generated association rules in an unsupervised automatic way and revealed pieces of knowledge not easily available with standard supervised procedures of analysis, thus making it very useful in an automated public health surveillance system.


We address the problem of learning the Markov order in categorical sequences that represent paths in a network, i.e., sequences of variable lengths where transitions between states are constrained to a known graph. Such data pose challenges for standard Markov order detection methods and demand modeling techniques that explicitly account for the graph constraint. Adopting a multi-order modeling framework for paths, we develop a Bayesian learning technique that (i) detects the correct Markov order more reliably than a competing method based on the likelihood ratio test, (ii) requires considerably less data than methods using AIC or BIC, and (iii) is robust against partial knowledge of the underlying constraints. We further show that a recently published method that uses a likelihood ratio test exhibits a tendency to overfit the true Markov order of paths, which is not the case for our Bayesian technique. Our method is important for data scientists analyzing patterns in categorical sequence data that are subject to (partially) known constraints, e.g. click stream data or other behavioral data on the Web, information propagation in social networks, mobility trajectories, or pathway data in bioinformatics. Addressing the key challenge of model selection, our work is also relevant for the growing body of research that emphasizes the need for higher-order models in network analysis.


The developed tracked mobile robot such as flipper track robot increases its ability and capability in overcoming more challenges in urban environment context and rough terrains. In addition, flippers are its support in dealing with this circumstances. The configuration of flipper tracked robots came from the extended version of conventional two-tracked mobile robot such as two and four-tracked robots. Then, the study aims to create a dedicated controller for the modified flipper track robot. Correspondingly, the target instruments, display and analog control are identified for adept monitoring of the robot status while doing its intended function. Afterwards, using Proteus 8 Professional simulation software, the Arduino UNO controller as main MCU, 16x2 LCD, analog joysticks in terms of analog resistors, and virtual terminal for serial print monitoring are attached and wired accurately. The nine speed level is established and paralleled to the required PWM output for the fine movement of flipper track robot and also the map function of Arduino IDE for degree manipulation of servo motor of two flipper arms. Finally, the results are shown in LCD which matches the established logical conditions of nine speed level as well as the status movement of the flipper track robot. The functionality and feasibility of the controller is verified and exhibited.


Objective To observe the region and size of brain stem infarction without located sign,form and structure of bilateral vertebral arteries and dynamics change in blood flow with skull MRI and colour ultrasonic Doppler.Method Skull MRI and bilateral vertebral arteries ultrasound were undertaken in 30 patients with brain stem infarction without located sign.The former was used to observe the exact region,amount and size of infarction,the latter was used to measure systolic velocity peak(MAX),diastasis velocity(MIN),time average velocity(TAMX) and diameter(D) of bilateral vebebral arteries.The form and structure of bilateral vertebral arteries and any existent plaques were observed.The results were compared with 30 patients of brain stem infarction with clinical symptom and body sign.30 V-BAI and 30 healthy people served as the control group.Results The brain stem infarction without located sign occurred mostly in pons(n=26),secondly in midbrain(n=5),at least in medulla oblongata(n=2).The diameter was 1~8mm,the amount was 1~2.There were no statistical differences in MAX,MIN,TAMX and D compared with brain stem infarction with clinical symptom and body sign group(P0.05).There were statistical differences compared with V-BAI group and the control group(P0.05).Vertebral arteries distorted and different levels of plaques formed.Conclusions Pons is the common site of brain stem infarction without located sign.The diameter of infarction is usually less than 6mm.The distortion of bilateral vertebral arteries and the decrease of blood streem speed may promote the occurrence of infarction.


About half the U.S. adult population suffers from chronic neuromusculoskeletal pain. While its evaluation and treatment are widely addressed by therapies using soft tissue manipulation (STM), their efficacy is based upon clinician judgment. Robust biomarkers are needed to quantify the effects of STM on patient outcomes. Among noninvasive methods to quantify the mechanics of myofascial tissue, most are limited to small ($\lt 10$ mm$^{\mathbf{2}}$), localized regions of interest. In contrast, we develop an approach to optically simultaneously measure a larger ($\sim 100$ cm$^{2}$) field of deformation at the skin surface. Biomarkers based on skin lateral mobility are derived to infer distinctions in myofascial tissue stiffness. In specific, three cameras track ink speckles whose fields of deformation and stretch are resolved with digital image correlation. Their ability to differentiate bilateral distinctions of the cervicothoracic region is evaluated with four participants, as a licensed clinician performs STM. The results indicate that the optically derived surface biomarkers can differentiate bilateral differences in skin mobility, with trend directions within a participant similar to measurements with an instrumented force probe. These findings preliminarily suggest skin surface measurements are capable of inferring underlying myofascial tissue stiffness, although further confirmation will require a larger, more diverse group of participants.


abstractth the economic prosperity in Chinese cities, private automobile is on the rapid rise. For grasping the development trends of urban traffic in China, the authors analyse the changes of travel instruments, road infrastructure and person travel based on the detailed data over the past two decades. The trends can be concluded that the automobile ownerships will keep on rapid growth, esp. the increase of private passenger car; bicycle trips have been falling down since the middle of 1990s and public transport trips also somewhat drop off; road infrastructures are constructed and reconstructed at low increase rate compared with the growth rate of the automobile ownerships. According to Chinese cities, the average trip rate increases with the socio-economic development and declines with the expanding of city size.


In order to better adapt to the different texture features of video images, the number of intra coding modes in the new generation of video coding standard h.265/HEVC (high efficiency video coding) has increased to 35, which not only achieves better coding performance but also increases the computational complexity. In order to reduce the complexity of intra coding, a fast intra prediction method based on convolutional neural network (CNN) is proposed. For 4x4 or 8x8 PU, this paper gets the list of candidate modes by CNN, skipping the rough mode decision (RMD) process of prediction unit (PU). In this paper, the algorithm is embedded in HEVC coding framework, which effectively reduces the redundant intra prediction process in all intra configuration. The experimental results show that compared with HEVC official test model (HM16.12), the coding time of the algorithm proposed in this paper is reduced by 28.08% on average, while that of BD_BR and BD_PSNR is only 1.14% and - 0.055db.


Images shot through glass will produce reflections. However, these reflections will cause the objects in the images to be unrecognizable. Hence, to improve the recognition rate, the reflections in the images should be removed. Reflection removal has been widely used in the field of deep learning. Although these methods have good results, they all assume that reflection removal is performed in a specific situation and provide their own datasets for research, such as strong reflections in some local areas, and this limitation will lead to the inability to effectively remove the reflections in the real world, which will affect the recognition of objects. To address this issue, we propose a novel structure-preserving wavelet pyramid reflection removal network (SpWPRRNet) to achieve effective background structure preservation and reflection removal to further improve the object recognition rate in images. After wavelet decomposition, we put the high- and low-frequency images of each level into reflection layer removal and detail enhancement subnetwork (RDSn) and structure preservation subnetwork (SPSn), respectively, and then use structure-level fusion (SLF) and inverse stationary wavelet transform (ISWT) to restore clean images recursively. In addition, to further separate the reflection layer and the transmission layer, we propose the reflection layer information transmission (RLIT), through which the reflection layer features of the high-frequency images can be extracted to help the SPSn to effectively separate these two layers to achieve the results of reflection removal and improve object recognition rate. The experimental results indicate that the proposed method can greatly improve the object recognition rate in images.


The invention discloses a method for navigation according to road conditions, which comprises the steps of: obtaining an electronic map which comprises road network information and accessorial extended information; obtaining road condition information which reflects the congestion condition of each road in the road network information of the electronic map; dividing the congestion conditions into several grades; giving weight to each section of road in the road network information according to the congestion conditions for obtaining the weighted road network information, wherein the weight corresponds to the congestion conditions; computing the navigation distance of each road based on the weighted road network information; computing the navigation distance of each road as a product of the weight and a practical distance; and seeking a path with the shortest navigation distance as a planning route between a destination and a departure place.


Apelin plays an important role in many types of tumors. We aimed to identify the effects of miR‐195 on inhibiting apelin and clarify the regulating mechanism of miR‐195‐apelin in lung adenocarcinoma cells.


Introduction: Aging is manifested on the face as loss of normal volume and contour in all dimensions. The classic methods of face lifting normally leave unsightly scars, especially on Asian skin. In 1999, M. A. Sulamanidze used Aptos thread to lift soft tissue in both the subcutaneous muscular aponeurotic system and in the supraorbital area, restoring the normal contours of the face with excellent results. Aptos threads are polypropelene sutures with dents or cogs along their surface. Here, we present the results of a study using the device introduced by Sulamanidze on patients in the Belo Medical Group. Materials and Methods: Our study group consisted of 257 patients ranging in age from 28 to 73 years. Women made up 91.5% of the population. The population was 98% Asian. From November 2002 to November 2003, surgical procedures using Aptos threads were performed on 257 patients, and 27 patients had additional procedures at the same time. Results: The immediate postoperative period was mostly uneventful. Most cases showed excellent improvement in the ptotic tissues. In 9 cases (3.5% of patients) a "blue pimple" was observed 2–3 weeks postoperatively. These were noted to be thread edges sticking out of the skin and required minimal trimming. In 1 case, the patient developed persistent infection at the puncture site. Wound exploration and removal of implanted thread was performed and antibiotics were shifted to a broader spectrum, which addressed the problem quickly. Five cases (1.9%) required unilateral or bilateral implantation of additional threads. Discussion: The earliest outcome was seen on the operating table. Rehabilitation time was as short as 5–7 days and, if patients comply with elementary recommendations (abstaining from abrupt mimicking and chewing movements, avoiding facial massages for 2–3 weeks), the lifting effect is expected to remain for a considerable length of time. Conclusion: Using the Aptos thread technique was as successful in treating facial ptosis in 257 patients at The Belo Medical Group facility as it was in the Russian study. It proved to be a simple, quick, safe, conservative, and time-saving procedure that did minimal tissue damage and left no visible scars, even on Asian skin.


the diary of a young lady of fashion in the year 1764 1765 is available in our digital library an online access to it is set as public so you can download it instantly. Our digital library saves in multiple locations, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Merely said, the the diary of a young lady of fashion in the year 1764 1765 is universally compatible with any devices to read.


This disseration proves that the g r noise,a kind of low frequency noise of transistor,is Nongaussion distribution and then gives a new method through computing higher order cumulant of low frequecy noise of transistor to distinguish g r noise.Experiments show this method is correct.


In the 4G wireless environment, one of the important issues is to discover and select an access network suited for users. In this thesis, we propose a new network selection mechanism using group decision making and evaluate the effect of network selection schemes for vertical handover in heterogeneous wireless networks. We consider the group of users with similar QoS requirements search for the available access network simultaneously and a service area consist of multiple access networks with various characteristics. We divide the access networks with similar characteristics split into a group. Between each group, the one group is selected and within that group, the best access networks will be assigned according to priority order by network selection algorithm. We evaluate and compare the performance of three representative MADM schemes: GRA, SAW and TOPSIS. The MATLAB simulation results indicate the proposed algorithm can make a more effective choice according to the networks` characteristics and user`s preference.


The work has been dedicated to studying of cell energy metabolism state in students of the Medical University in the European North. The studies have shown a difference in the level of supply of cells with energy in the students in the dynamics of the academic year, which determined functional and adaptation abilities of their organisms. Preventive application of glycine metabolite made positive impact on processes of energy production, the students' psychological status what optimized their organisms' adaptation reactions.


Language is the product of society.Anti-male sexism exists in social culture just as anti-female sexism does.The study on sexism in English is numerous,but that on anti-male sexist language is very limited.So the paper aims to have an initial study on anti-male sexist language that English reflects.This tentative study has both linguistic and sociological significance as it serves as a helpful means for us to understand and overcome the negative aspect of the social culture which language reflects,so as to realize the sex concordance gradually and build a harmonious society.


The Variations2 Digital Music Library project at Indiana University provides the opportunity to develop visualization methods aimed at students in schools of music. This paper describes several schemes involving the visualization of musical content.


For many years, the chemical industry was asleep regarding logistics. Although logistics costs played a significant role for many chem ical companies, in many cases they were seen as an optimization field only to a limited extent. The focus was too much on production and capital-intensive plants; logistics, on the other hand, had to function at the end of the value chain. The ability to influence logis tics costs and the importance of logistics for service and flexibility were often rated as low.


This research aimed to assess the evidence for benefits and risks of positive pressure mechanical valve (PPMV) intravenous access ports on central venous access devices (CVADs) in children. PPMVs on CVADs have been promoted as preventing occlusion and the need for heparin flushing. A search for primary research to March 2010 was conducted using MEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL. The research results were systematically and critically reviewed. Five studies of PPMVs on CVADs in children were located. Three observational studies and one randomised controlled trial all provide evidence that PPMV intravenous access ports on CVADs flushed with normal saline are associated with increased blood stream infections in children. Four studies examined catheter patency. Based on this systematic review, there is inconsistent evidence regarding how PPMVs on CVADs flushed with normal saline affect catheter patency in children. In addition, the evidence base regarding PPMV intravenous access ports on CVADs in children is small and there is insufficient evidence PPMV intravenous access ports on CVADs benefit children. There is, however, sufficient evidence that some models of PPMV intravenous access ports on CVADs, when flushed with normal saline, are associated with increased bloodstream infections in children. Further research is required.


2014 Experimental evidence of the decrease of the Hg-Hg* collisional transfer rate between Zeeman sublevels of the 6 3P1 state with varying magnetic fields (up to 80 kG) is reported and compared with theory. Preliminary results on Hg*-rare gas collisions are also given for a field of 80 kG.


In spite of a strengthening evidence base leading to an increasing number of countries aligning their early years curricular frameworks with experiential and play-based pedagogies (see Hunter and Walsh this edition), a persistent and pervasive globalised and globalising neoliberal discourse continually directs our attention to the massification and standardisation of children's learning outcomes. These are often accompanied by the drawing out in public discourse of an overly simplistic linear and unilateral relationship between learning outcomes and adult/educator inputs. In such a context, it is easy for us to be distracted from themes of central importance to the early years, such as the nature and conceptualisation of children's learning, the character and effects of the sociocultural context and more nuanced understandings about the influence of the educator, and the relationships between their identities, knowledge base and the various pedagogical approaches that they adopt. This edition of the IJEYE provides a refreshing opportunity to refocus our attention and re-affirm commitments to these key concerns about teaching and learning by enabling a close examination of learning and context, not in terms of how children are meeting pre-established standardised outcomes, but in how they are showing and acquiring understanding through joyful and meaningful engagement and interaction, the dynamic relationship between educators teaching and children's learning and the multistranded dimensions of these interactions across various knowledge domains. In addition to the more traditional frames of maths and science, the research about learning and teaching reported here includes a contemporary concern about the environment and children's learning in and about nature (see this edition–Klaar and Öhman, Gustavsson and Pramling, Westman and Bergmark). A further strand of important research being reported here relates to the cultural context and identity of the educator and how this shapes the teaching/learning approach, portrayed in a particularly powerful way in the article reporting research about home-based educators, their career aspirations and how they structure children's learning opportunities (see Tonyan and Nuttall). An additional richness in this edition's diverse collection of research articles lies in the array of theoretical and methodological tools and approaches used in conceptualising the research and conducting the analysis. These range from research conducted within more commonly used developmental, constructivist and sociocultural approaches to studies located in phenomenological and philosophical frameworks (philosophy of the lifeworld, Dewey's pragmatic philosophy). Analysis and interpretation of findings used in the studies in this edition are similarly diverse, ranging from studies using post-structural analyses of power and agency (Wood), Variation Theory (Gustavsson and Pramling), Epistemological Move Analysis and Substantive Learning Quality Analysis (Westman and Bergmark) and Tonyan and Nuttall's use of Ecological Eco(logical)-Cultural Theory International Journal of Early Years Education, 2014 Vol. 22, No. 1, 1–3, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09669760.2014.902639


TECHNOLOGY IN VIDEO GAMES In video games, technology has always played an important part (as technological advancements, futuristic technology, lost technology...), often taking a major role in games: the titans in Titanfall, the portal gun in Portal, the metal gears in Metal Gear, and all sorts of armor, equipment and gadgets in Metroid, Crisis, Halo, Batman, Call of Duty etc. This is not a surprise, given that the public of such video games has always been highly connected with the latest technology. Also, while being futuristic and sometimes exaggerated, technological representations in games always try to remain close to real-world tech and science, in order to meet demands for "realism" in games. In this context, robots (and other automated equipment) have also been widely featured in many games. These devices, though, always have military and war purposes. Besides all the games mentioned above, we have the laptop gun in Perfect Dark, JACK in Gears of War and all the machines in the Final Fantasies. When taking part in search operations, robots are used either for protecting something/-one/-where or for surveillance and repression: the UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) in several shooters, the Monokumas in Danganroompa, the 1984esquee tech from Freedom Wars etc. This view of technology is pretty much onesided, overshadowing their possible applications in more humanitarian scenarios, such as using UAVs in "Search & Rescue" (SAR) operations. Although shooting stuff is the core and fun of many games, I think it is worthwhile to explore the more "pacifist" side and to show gamers what this technology is really capable of. After all, the use of UAVs in SAR operations is already a reality.


This work demonstrates how the mathematical models developed by Kagan and co-workers1a,b to describe nonlinear enantioselectivity behavior may also be used to predict reaction rate as a function of catalyst enantiomeric excess in asymmetric catalytic reactions. Comparison of these predictions with experimental reaction rate measurements may thus be used to provide an independent confirmation of the model. The predictions of reaction rate reveal striking consequences for nonlinear catalytic behavior. A strong amplification in product chirality may come at the cost of a severely suppressed rate of product formation; in comparison, a system exhibiting a negative nonlinear effect in product enantioselectivity can provide a significantly amplified rate of formation of the desired product. Consideration of the kinetic behavior of these systems can provide valuable mechanistic insights and may help in the development of efficient synthetic strategies using nonenantiopure catalyst mixtures.


It has been established that there are highly significant differences between the immune responses provoked when live or killed Staphylococcus aureus organisms are injected into sheep. Polymorphonuclear leucocytes collected from ewes infected with S. aureus (by subcutaneous injection) had enhanced capacity to phagocytose staphylococci compared with polymorphs from ewes given killed S. aureus intramuscularly with adjuvant (11, 13). The basis for the observed enhancement of phagocytosis was shown to be cytophilic IgG2 antistaphylococcal antibody on the cell membrane of polymorphs from the infected ewes (13). Although 25% of polymorphs from all ewes carried cytophilic IgG2 (12), it was only in ewes infected with viable staphylococci (resulting in a skin abscess) that the cytophilic IgG2 conferred significantly enhanced phagocytic capacity to polymorphs. Recent studies have shown that a live staphylococcal vaccine was more efficient than a killed vaccine in stimulating immune protection of the ovine mammary gland against staphylococcal challenge (14). Because of the dangers associated with the use of live staphylococcal vaccines, it was decided to attempt to reproduce some of the desirable immunological properties of live vaccination by growing staphylococci in vivo, killing the culture and then using the killed cell-toxoid mixture as a non-viable vaccine. There is substantial evidence to indicate that changes in cultural conditions of S. aureus can induce important functional and compositional alterations in somatic antigens (3, 4, 6), exotoxins (5), and biochemical properties (2). In this note, preliminary experiments are described in which a modification of the dialysis sac culturing technique of Gladstone and Glencross (5) has been employed S. aureus were grown in standard bacteriological broth, either in vitro or in vivo, and various properties of the bacteria were measured. A non-capsulated 42D phage strain of Staphylococcus aureus, isolated from a case of acute clinical mastitis in a dairy cow, was used in these experiments. It was coagulase and catalase positive, and exhibited strong aand ƒÀ-haemolysis and typical colonial morphology on 5% sheep blood agar. Cultures were routinely checked for purity using standard bacteriological techniques. The in vivo grown bacteria were cultured inside dialysis sacs (Visking 20/32) in the peritoneal cavity of sheep. Approximately 100 ml of nutrient broth (Oxoid, CM 1) was placed in a dialysis sac which was then sterilized by autoclaving while


In this study, we have found two peptides of Tag7 (PGLYRP1) protein-17.1A (HRDVQRT) and 17.1B (RSNYVLKG), that have different affinities to the TNFR1 receptor and the Hsp70 protein. Peptide 17.1A is able to inhibit signal transduction through the TNFR1 receptor, and peptide 17.1B can activate this receptor in a complex with Hsp70. Thus, it is possible to modulate the activity of the TNFR1 receptor and further perform its specific inhibition or activation in the treatment of various autoimmune or oncological diseases.


Using a synthetic peptide mimicking the NH2-terminus of β-actin we have raised a monoclonal antibody specific for this cytoplasmic actin isoform. Specificity of the antibody was demonstrated by its labelling of the actin polypeptide only in tissues containing the β isoform, by its exclusive recognition of the synthetic β-actin peptide amongst those mimicking all six vertebrate isoactins, and by its selective recognition of the β-actin spot in two-dimensional electrophoresis gels of smooth muscle extracts. The antibody bound to actin filaments in both living and fixed fibroblasts where it labelled the stress fiber bundles and, more predominantly, the peripheral actin rich lamellipodia. The characteristics of the antibody indicate that it should serve as a useful tool for studying isoactin distribution and function. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.


The properties of porous GaP, formed by anodic etching in H 2 SO 4 , are described. Pore size, pore density, and the interpore distance depend on the dopant density and the potential at which the sample is etched. In addition, it is shown that at high potential, the GaP passivates as a result of the formation of an oxide layer. These features allow us to grow multilayer structures of GaP with modulated porosity and/or oxide layers. The dissolution of oxide at the base of a porous layer can be used to produce freestanding porous membranes.


Field studies were performed in Ashmon district, Menofia Governorate, to evaluate the efficacy of four chemical fungicides and one bioagent against wheat diseases in wheat (C.V. Gemiza 9) fields during the two successive seasons (20132014 and 2014-2015) incompasion with untreated control. The chemical fungicides were (Vitavax 200 75% WP (carboxin +thiram), Sumi eight 2% WP (diniconazole), Rovral 50% WP(iprodione) and Rizolex – T 50% WP (tolclofosmethyl +thiram ), whereas the bioagent was Plantguard (Trichoderma harzianum) 30 million spores cm. All the tested compounds were used as seed treatments at the rate of 1, 2 and 3 g kg of seeds. Generally, all the tested compounds increased the number of plants m compared with untreated control. Diniconazole and iprodione fungicides were the most effective fungicides, Plantguard was the least effective while the other compounds showed intermediate effects. Diniconazole and iprodione also significantly reduced the number of rotted roots at 21 days after sowing (DAS), and increased the number of tillers plants compared with untreated control. The fungicides diniconazole and tolclofosmethyl +thiram reduced the number of white head m, also diniconazole and carboxin +thiram reduced the number of scabby heads m. Generally, increasing the rate of application significantly increased the efficacy of the tested compounds, and the chemical treatments were more effective than the bioagent in all cases. Results also showed that seed treatments with these compounds particularly diniconazole, tolclofosmethyl +thiram and iprodione increased the grain and straw yield.


In this work we investigate the holographic dark energy models with slowly time-varying model parameter defined based on the current Hubble horizon length scale. While the previous studies on the three popular holographic dark energy models defined based on the future event horizon, Ricci scale and Granda-Oliveros IR cutoffs showed that these models cannot fit the observational data [1], in this work we show that the holographic dark energy models with time-varying model parameter defined on the current Hubble radius are well favored by observations. Using the standard $\chi^2$ minimization in the context of Markov Chain Monte Carlo method, we compare the ability of holographic dark energy models with time-varying $c^2$ parameter constructed on the current Hubble length scale against different sets of observational data namely expansion data, growth rate data and expansion+growth rate data respectively. Based on the values of Akaike and Bayesian information criteria, we find that these types of holographic dark energy models are well fitted to both expansion and growth rate observations as equal to $\Lambda$CDM cosmology. We also put constraints on the cosmological parameters and show that the transition epoch form early decelerated to current accelerated expansion calculated in holographic dark energy models with time-varying model parameter defined on the Hubble length is consistent with observations.


Based on the comprehensive studies of most taxa in Adoxaceae dealing with the evi-dences of cytology,variation analysis of floral parts and basic numbers,the floral vasculature andmorphology of inflorescence,the taxonomic system of Adoxaceae is reinstated and the phylogenyand distribution of Adoxaceae are discussed in detail.Adoxaceae is now divided into 3 genera 4species,of which Tetradoxa has the minimal chromosome numbers 2n=36,racemoseinflorescence,terminal flower and lateral flowers sharing the same type and equal numbers of flo-ral parts(4,4,4,4;4,4,4,4),floral vasculature being regular and symmetrical and the staminalbundles and petally bunles being separated.It can be presumed that Tetradoxa seems to have more primitive characters suggesting an ancestral form of Adoxaceae. The bispecific Adoxa is rela- tively advanced than Tetradoxa,with capitate(actually cymosecapitate)inflorescence,teminal flower and lateral flowers being of different types and unequal numbers of floral parts,A. moschatellina(2,4,4,4; 3,5,5,5),A. orientalis(2,4,4,2;3,6,6,3) between them A. orientalis has the maximal chromosome numbers in the familv 2n=108 is obviously much advanced than A. moschatellina 2n=36,54.The most highly complicated inflorescence of Sinadoxa is a spike with several glomerate interrupted clusters, but each flowers is much reduced. The basic numbers of teiminal and lateral flowers represent as 2,3,3,1, and 3,4,4,1.Besides these it differs widely from Adoxa and Tetradoxa especially in the charecters of rhizome,leaf,calyx and ovary,thus it is con- sidered as the most advanced genus in the family.Adoxaceae has long been known as a monotypic kmilv with cirboreal distribution. During the early time of eighties this century,two new genera nd a largest isolated distribution area of Adoxacaeae were discovered from central Asia to west China. The southern boundary ofthis area were extended south to 27 northernlatitude. Tetradoxa,the most primitive genus located to the east of this area 2300 m above sea level,while Sinadoxa,the most advanced one distributed in the west 3900-4800 m above sea level,In view of these facts,Adoxaceae may be assumed to originate during Tertiary from the subtropical mountains of southeast Asia especially west China. During the stage Adoxa from southern mountainous region had been expelled down to northern flatland and then being gradually adapted to the new enviroment of Taiga forests,thus ending the everenlarged continual distribution,This pattern of distribution area is coincided with that of Spruce forest from southern subalpine to northern tiagaland,and also coincided with the distribution areas of Pyrolaceae and Diapensiaceae.The hnnation of the distribution area pattern of Adoxaceae may be recognized as a prominent exam- ple to illustrate the origination of the North-Temperate(including the Arctic Alpine)distribution area pattern.


The angular distribution of the phase of the fields of an electric dipole with and without a sheath in a hot magnetoplasma is calculated. Like the amplitude distribution of the field, the phase distribution can also be used for estimating the electron temperature.


In this paper we apply our new separation of variables approach to completely characterize the transfer matrix spectrum for quantum integrable lattice models associated to fundamental evaluation representations of with quasi-periodic boundary conditions. We consider here the case of generic deformations associated to a parameter q which is not a root of unity. The separation of variables (SoV) basis for the transfer matrix spectral problem is generated by using the action of the transfer matrix itself on a generic co-vector of the Hilbert space, following the general procedure described in our paper (Maillet and Niccoli 2018 J. Math. Phys. 59 091417). Such a SoV construction allows to prove that for general values of the parameters defining the model the transfer matrix is diagonalizable and with simple spectrum for any twist matrix which is also diagonalizable with simple spectrum. Then, using together the knowledge of such a SoV basis and of the fusion relations satisfied by the hierarchy of transfer matrices, we derive a complete characterization of the transfer matrix eigenvalues and eigenvectors as solutions of a system of polynomial equations of order n  +  1. Moreover, we show that such a SoV discrete spectrum characterization is equivalently reformulated in terms of a finite difference functional equation, the quantum spectral curve equation, under a proper choice of the set of its solutions. A construction of the associated Q-operator induced by our SoV approach is also presented.


In order to solve a indicator system of manufacturing enterprise e-procurement under the long-term cooperation partnership between the suppliers comprehensive performance evaluation system. By using of gray relational analysis and related analysis on the indicator system for screening, in order to achieve an accurate and scientific indicators. The index system of supplier selection can not pay attention to hard targets closly, but focus more on long-term cooperative relations of cooperation under the indicator.


Emotion speech recognition is a developing field in machine learning. The main purpose of this field is to produce a convenient system that is able to effortlessly communicate and interact with humans. The reliability of the current speech emotion recognition systems is far from being achieved. However, this is a challenging task due to the gap between acoustic features and human emotions, which rely strongly on the discriminative acoustic features extracted for a given recognition task. The speech signals were process with information which is divided into two main categories, linguistic and paralinguistic; emotions belong to the latter tree. The aim of this work is to develop a system that can understand paralinguistic information for paramount better human-machine interactions. A different extracted features like MFCC as well as feature classifications methods like HMM, GMM, LTSTM and ANN were used. In this paper, an improved architecture of CNN for speech emotion recognition were implemented. The main finding that the proposed CNN model achieved 93.96% accuracy rate in detecting emotions.


Network densification in the 5G system causes a sharp increase in system energy consumption, a development which not only increases operating cost but also carbon emission. With the development of smart power grids, multi-source energy supply and time-of-use (TOU) power price have become effective methods for reducing system energy price (namely, total energy cost). However, the energy generation velocity of renewable energy (RE) is significantly influenced by weather factors. Thus, their energy generation entails large fluctuations, and the system energy allocation strategy involves enormous challenges. Therefore, the energy generation velocity of wind power was combined in a multi-base-station (multi-BS) collaboration system. A multi-BS collaborative energy allocation algorithm called hybrid energy ratio allocation (HERA) algorithm was proposed under RE generation uncertainty. This algorithm can balance the TOU power price of a smart power grid and the energy storage of a BS. The energy supply modes of different energy ratios were adopted following different power prices and energies stored by different BSs, which can effectively mitigate the effect of RE generation fluctuation on the energy allocation strategy of the system. Simulation results indicated that the HERA algorithm can complete the energy ratio allocation of the system and reach the lowest energy cost of BSs.


AIM To observe the changes of heart rate variability in the early stage after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty and stenting. To evaluate the effects of coronary angioplasty and stenting on autonomic nerve activity in patients with coronary heart disease. METHODS Ninety-seven patients underwent successful PTCA or/and stenting to measure heart rate variability with 24-hour holter 3~7 d after the procedure (Group A). The parameters of 54 cases of them were compared with the ones of themselves before procedure.32 patients with chest pain, who were angiographically proven that coronary arteries were normal, were the control group B1. Other 29 patients with three-vessel coronary artery disease who had no interventional therapy were the control group B2. HR and its variability in the time (7 kinds) and frequency (4 kinds) domains were analyzed in all patients of each group. RESULTS There was no difference between after and before procedure (PTCA) in 54 cases of group A. Time domain (such as MSD, RMSSD, PNN50) and frequency domain (such as HF, LF, LF/HF) were still lower in group A than in group B1 (P 0.05); whereas no significant changes existed between group A and group B2 though there were slightly higher in severe time domain and frequency domain. CONCLUSION In the early stage after percutanous transluminal coronary angioplasty and/or stenting, there are no significant changes of heart rate variability.


This is a report of a recent observation in a slender teenager whose oesophagus was intubated, and in whom chest movement appeared to show normal inflation without alteration in these movements when the tube was subsequently placed in the trachea. A 13-year-old fit slender female presented for tonsillectomy. The trainee operating department assistant passed a 7.5-mm cuffed oral tube which seemed to pass without hindrance. The cuff was inflated with only 2 ml air to produce a seal, and inflation of the chest continued with a T-piece system and 500 ml bag. Chest expansion appeared normal, particularly in the upper part of the chest, which was exposed to observe the expansion. This movement and the low-volume cuff seal reassured all present that the tube was correctly placed, but my normal practice now is to confirm correct placement with tactile tests,' and the test was negative. Repeat laryngoscopy not only confirmed the oesophageal misplacement, but also showed that the tube was a snug fit in the region of the cricopharyngeus muscle. The larynx could not be intubated with this size of tube though size 7.0 mm proved suitable and was placed under direct vision. There was no difference between chest movements with correct placement and the earlier movements. It might be argued that the tube was originally immediately above the cords and then displaced into the oesophagus but there are a number of reasons to discount this. Firstly, the tube was too large for the patient and could not be put in this position when we tried again. Secondly, we attempted inflation of the lungs during the tactile tests and subsequent laryngoscopy and there was no change in the chest movements. Finally, it seems most improbable that an airtight seal could be made so easily if the cuff was high in the pharynx. Pollard and Junius described four cases in whom chest movement was considered to be a misleading sign.2 One of these patients was slender. This was particularly misleading because this was one of the few reported cases in which irreversible brain damage occurred in a previously fit individual attended by a a specialist anaesthetist. Pollard and Junius suggested that inflation of the oesophagus alone might account for these observations and, although in our patient observation of the epigastrium was limited at first, there was certainly no progressive distension of the stomach with time. It is likely that both ends of this viscus would need to be sealed if the oesophagus is inflated under these circumstances. That seems to imply that an easy seal with the cuff would almost be a necessary condition for it to happen. In effect two apparently different signs to confirm intubation act together to produce an even more misleading picture. It is worthy of repeated emphasis that even slender patients may have chest movement which exactly mimics that after tracheal intubation when the tube is misplaced.


A theoretical investigation is carried out for understanding the properties of the solitary solution in plasmas with negative ions. Schamel equation for a plasma consisting of electron, positive ions and negative ions has been derived by using the reductive perturbation method. The effects of negative ions and the density on the properties of the solitary solution is discussed. We make use of the extended mapping method and auxiliary equation to obtain the solution of Schamel equation. This solution includes the Jacobi elliptic function solutions, hyperbolic function solutions, rational solutions, and periodic wave solutions. Furthermore, we show that the incorporate negative ion effects in the nonlinear propagation of ion acoustic waves that are controlled by trapped electrons and the results of the solitary solution in plasmas with negative ions model are discussed.


Separation of TcO4– by a cationic covalent organic framework is achieved for the first time, showing advantages of extremely fast sorption kinetics, ultrahigh uptake capacity, good anion-exchange selectivity, and excellent radiation resistance.


Background: Although the antihyperglycemic activity of stem extracts of Anisopus mannii (AM; an antidiabetic ethnomedicinal plant utilized in Northwestern Nigeria) has been reported, the effects of coadministration of the extracts with glibenclamide, a commonly used antihyperglycemic agent, are not known. Aims and Objectives: The objectives were to determine the effect of simultaneous administration of AM methanolic stem extract with glibenclamide using streptozotocin/nicotinamide-induced diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: After permission from the departmental ethics committee, male Wistar rats were assigned to five groups: Vehicle-treated normal control; vehicle-treated diabetic control; diabetic rats treated with either glibenclamide (0.6 mg/kg) or methanolic stem extract of AM (200 mg/kg), singly or in combination. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were performed at days 14 and 28 of treatment, while lipid profile and the contents of hepatic and skeletal muscle glycogen were determined at the end of the study (day 29). Results: When combined, the AM extract significantly reduced (P < 0.05) the effect of glibenclamide in lowering the total area under the OGTT curve as well as the FBG level and in increasing the contents of hepatic and skeletal muscle glycogen as well as the blood level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The two treatments also significantly reduced each other's effect in lowering triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, and total cholesterol. Conclusion: The methanolic stem extract of AM (200 mg/kg) combined with glibenclamide (0.6 mg/kg) reduced each other's beneficial effects on glucose homeostasis and lipid profile in streptozotocin/nicotinamide-induced diabetic rats.


Aim and objective: Barleria prionitis L. (Acanthaceae) popularly known as Vajradanti is a medicinal plant found road side in India and used traditionally for various treatments like toothache, inflammation, boils and glandular swellings. The leaves are used in the treatment of gastric ulcer in folk medicine. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the gastro protective activity of chloroform extract of leaves of Barleria prionitis Linn., using experimental in-vivo models. Methods: Gastroprotection of B. prionitis was evaluated in rodent experimental models (indomethacin and pylorus ligation). In order to evaluate the effect of extracts on nitric oxide, ulcer was induced by ethanol in L -NAME pretreated animals. Results: Results showed that B. prionitis chloroform extract (BPC), as well as ethyl acetate (EABP) fraction provided significant gastroprotection at tested doses in indomethacin method. Thereby, following protocols were performed using the lowest dose capable of producing the most effective gastroprotection, which were the EABP (125 and 250 mg/kg). The gastroprotective effect of EABP was not reversed by pretreatment with L -NAME. Conclusion: Our study of gastroprotective effect of B. prionitis reinforces its traditional medicinal uses. B. prionitis may serve as a promising alternative therapy both by cytroprotective and antisecretory methods.


An optical transmission system using a directly phase-modulated laser is provided to linearize the transmission of optical signals and adapt analog signals for transmission through a distributed optical fiber link by canceling a phase-modulated component caused by a chirp in a semiconductor laser. An optical transmitter(100) for creating a modulated optical signal in order to transmit it to a remote receiver(114) through an optical fiber link(113) comprises a laser(102), a modulator, and a phase modulator(109). The modulator directly modulates amplitude of the laser(102) by using an analog RF signal in order to create an optical signal containing an amplitude-modulated component and a phase-modulated component. The phase modulator(109), connected to an output stage of the laser(102), reduces a distortion which exists in an optical signal received from the remote receiver(114). The phase modulator(109) removes the phase-modulated component from a output signal of the laser(102).


This paper aims to find the benefits of leading a company with a transformational leadership style. It is based on three different studies that described positive results of this type of leadership as: a more efficient teamwork , generating a shared vision that lines up employees with the company goals , and greater productivity between employees as a result of a transformational leader that keeps his supervised people at all times motivated . Also, the main characteristics of a transformational leader are named and defined to determine the cause of such benefits. The charisma, the inspiration, the intellectual stimulation, and the personal interest are capabilities that transformational leaders show every day in their workplaces. Having a transformational leader working inside an organization can be a differentiating factor in order to improve productivity and performance of employees who follow this type of leader.


Objective To study clinical application of hepatic hemangioma groups and types by using dual-source 64-slice spiral CT.Methods Application of dual-source 64-slice spiral SIEMENS CT in 125 cases of hepatic hemangioma in patients with three dynamic enhanced scan,and apply the determination of volume measurement software enhanced at different phases of the volume of statistical data grouping,sub-type(lack of blood supply and rich blood supply).Results The diameter was less than 4.00 cm of hepatic hemangioma in the arterial phase enhancement ratios are more than 28.00% with an average of 53.68 ± 13.25%;4.0cm d ≤ 10.0 cm hepatic arterial vascular tumor volume ratio of the enhanced 22.25%± 3.25%;d 10.0 cm hepatic arterial vascular tumor volume ratio of enhancement was less than 18.50%,an average of 13.28% ± 4.26%.Conclusion For hepatic hemangioma of 4.0cm d ≤ 10.0cm,arterial phase enhancement ratio of greater than 22.25% of the lesions,it can be considered arterial blood supply(the rich blood supply type);less than 22.25% of the lesions,can be considered its lack of arterial blood supply(lack of blood supply type);Diameter of less than 4.00cm of hepatic hemangiomas are mostly rich blood supply type;d 10.0cm hepatic hemangiomas mostly for lack of blood type.


The problems inherent in the AMA physician manpower data base are illustrated by a cohort study of physicians immigrating to the United States between 1961 and 1971. An estimated 33 per cent of the 27,710 immigrants in the cohort were not on the 1971 AMA physician file. The results of this study and consideration of other problems with the AMA data point to the need for a new data base which will include all physicians working in the U.S. We would suggest that this data base be maintained by State Licensure Boards and integrated at the federal level by the National Center for Health Statistics.


The efficient implementation of artificial neural networks in FPGA boards requires tackling several issues that strongly affect the final result. One of these issues is the computation of the neuron's activation function. In this work, a detailed analysis of the FPGA implementations of the Sigmoid and Exponential functions is carried out, in a approach combining a lookup table with a linear interpolation procedure. Further, to optimize board resources utilization, a time division multiplexing of the multiplier attached to the neurons was used. The results are evaluated in terms of the absolute and relative errors obtained and also through measuring a quality factor and the resource utilization, showing a clear improvement in relationship to previously published works.


There are some different views and arguments about Marx's ethical thoughts in Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844.These views and arguments have influenced the recognition and evaluation of Marx's ethical thoughts.However,it will be theoretically significant to probe deeply into the Manuscripts themselves,analyze the basic theoretical framework of Marx's arguments around the central categories of "moral alienation" and "moral ideal",and think further the important issues in Marxist ethical theories.


This research aims to know-how education, media information, event frequency and type of event affect the community's understanding of disaster mitigation. Primary data has collected from the survey which was conducted in 2011 in Banda Aceh, around six years after the tsunami disaster December 26 2004. This survey did when the sustainability reconstruction program for tsunami post-disaster had been implementing in Aceh in the range of April 16, 2009, to December 31 2012, after its emergency response and reconstruction programs ended on April 16 2009. The research method used is a verification survey with 223 respondents as a sample. The Questionnaire is analyzed using multiple linear regression to test the hypothesis. Qualitative analysis enriches this survey by collecting and evaluating the related documents. Overall, all variables have an influence of 68% on the community's understanding of disaster mitigation. The media information affects the community's understanding of disaster mitigation significantly, while the education, event frequency, and type of event do not affect the community's understanding of disaster mitigation significantly. The originality lies in the integration model of causality theories from the previous ones and uses multiple linear regression to test the model. The limitation is in the number of variables and the object. This fact implies enriching knowledge in the social sciences and as a basis for further new research models of disaster management. It also implies practical people who implement related variables.


An exploratory operation is a confession, if not of ignorance, at least of incomplete knowledge. Strictly speaking, almost every operation is an exploration, and even when one is most certain of the underlying condition, surprises may be encountered. But as commonly used, the term "exploration" implies uncertainty. The uncertainty may apply to the actual presence of a lesion or only to the nature or extent of the lesion. In the latter sense, the exploration is performed to determine whether or not the disease is remediable by surgery. In the development of any branch of surgery, progress reduces the number of exploratory operations. Analysis of the history of the patient correlated with the physical signs plus the aid from various laboratory studies increases the probability of a correct diagnosis. But in the early stages, no little help is contributed by the surgeon through exploratory operations. Through improved methods of investigation, such


Nutrition solution culture method was conducted to investigate the absorbability of Cd by Canna generalis under the circumstances of different nutrition and Cd concentration.The result reveals that firstly,the absorbability of Cd by Canna generalis presents a interactive physiological responses between heavy metal Cd and N nutrient;Secondly,compared with N,C nutrition has less effect on the absorbability of Cd by Canna generalis,however,when the concentration of C nutrition was raised to a certain degree,it could help Canna generalis promote the absorbability of Cd;Thirdly,the majority of Cd absorbed existed in the roots while just a little was found in the leaves,and the absorbability of Cd decreased with the raise of Cd concentration in the nutrition solution.


Abstract:In the Roman Catholic tradition, recent doctrinal reaffirmations of the gift of a common home, the beauty of cultural pluralism, and the splendour of truth expressed in Christianity and other world religions challenge theologians to look beyond natural degradation, mounting social conflict, and the pervasive loss of day-to-day religious cohesion to discern a renewed basis and horizon of transcendent hope. By developing an aesthetic context focused on the art theory exemplified in the work of Paul Gauguin, Käthe Kollwitz, and Wassily Kandinsky, this article elucidates the palate of psychic, affective, and intellectual responses that advise human participation in the dynamic and interrelated natural, social, and religious ecologies of world process. Reflecting on aesthetically contextualized and theologically guided engagements of contemporary philosophy, the essay continues to offer accounts of Bernard Lonergan's post-Hegelian notion of sublation and Romano Guardini's post-Heideggerian notion of polarity. It concludes by arguing that analogous contentions among the self-presence and encounter of aesthetic appreciation, the preserving and transforming moments of evolutionary process, and the uniquely particular and broadly idealized moments of cultural construction appear to collaborate as they draw the reader's attention to a providential horizon enveloping world process and infusing its every dimension with hope.


Transition inverse temperatures ~or G values! at the fluid‐solid phase boundary of Yukawa systems near the one-component-plasma ~OCP! limit have been evaluated by molecular dynamics simulations. These values are systematically smaller than those obtained in an earlier study by Farouki and Hamaguchi @J. Chem. Phys. 101, 9885 ~1994!#. The discrepancy is attributed to the fact that, in the earlier study, the harmonic entropy constants were approximated by that of the OCP, whereas the new results are based on more accurate harmonic entropy constants obtained from lattice-dynamics calculations. The new molecular dynamics simulations also confirm that the bcc‐ fcc phase transition curve is in good agreement with that of the quasiharmonic theory in the regime k<1.4, where k is the ratio of the Wigner‐Seitz radius to the Debye length. Examples of Yukawa systems include dusty plasmas and colloidal suspensions. © 1996 American Institute of Physics. @S0021-9606~96!51541-2#


Gender plays the significant role in decision making process in all types of society. Decision makers should have good leadership skill as well as should have adequate knowledge of concerned issue. In Nepalese society, decision is taken by the household head; either husband or wife. The study aims to identify the authority of final decision in household activities from the gender perspective in Nepalese society. The study was conducted among the 390 respondents of five ethnic groups: Newar, Magar, Tamang, Rai and Brahama/Chettri of Kathmandu valley. Simple random sampling technique was adopted to select the respondent considering the equal participation of male and female from all ethnic communities. The result shows that there was no significant difference in all ethnic groups regarding their participation in all types of decision making process.


Objective: to present the evolution of the diagnostic criteria of Bulimia Nervosa (BN) and to discuss the evidences that support the updates. Method: The diagnostic criteria of BN presented in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), third, fourth and fifth editions were analyzed. The updates were discussed from selected articles through a systematic review of articles published between 1980 and 2017, conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. The review of the literature was carried out by two independent researchers at PubMed and Scopus databases, using the descriptors in combination: bulimia nervosa and diagnosis. Results: 257 articles were found, of which 18 met the inclusion criteria. The main changes were: inclusion of remission stages, level of severity; removal of restrictive and purgative BN subtypes; reduction in the minimum average frequency of binge eating and inappropriate compensatory behavior, as well as minor terminological changes. Conclusion: The changes observed in DSM-5 were effective in reducing the high proportion of the diagnosis of Eating disorder not otherwise specified (EDNOS). Periodic reviews of the DSM, from findings of clinicians and researchers favor more accurate evaluations and the design of more effective interventions in the treatment of BN.