Clinical Pharmacy is a health speciality describing the activities and services of the clinical pharmacist to develop and promote the rational and appropriate use of drugs, medicinal products, and devices by the individual as well as by the society. Very closely related to the term of clinical pharmacy is the concept of pharmaceutical care. This means a new pharmacy practice paradigm which puts the patient into the centre. In the course of this practice, a pharmacist takes responsibility for a patient's drug-related needs with the aim of achieving definite outcomes that improve a patient's quality of life. At the University of Basel, clinical pharmacy and pharmaceutical care have developed constantly over the last twenty years. Examples from research and practice are given in this article, and areas for future work are outlined.


The exact eigenvalue equations of modes in elliptical fibers of step‐index profile are not available in the literature. By using a rigorous method, an elliptical fiber mode of step‐index profile is expressed in terms of the even and odd Mathieu wave functions of the first kind in its core and in terms of their decaying even and odd modes in its cladding. Then, by matching the tangential components of the total electromagnetic fields across the core‐cladding boundary and using the orthogonalities of the circumferential Mathieu functions, the eigenvalue equations are derived in closed forms. Results are shown for the propagation characteristics of some low orders of the elliptic modes.


We improve the known results on interpolation of strictly singular operators and strictly co-singular operators in several directions. Applications are given to embeddings between symmetric spaces.


RP-74

We have developed a novel electrophoretic concentration technology, named SCODA (Synchronous Coefficient of Drag Alteration) for efficiently purifying and concentrating nucleic acids.SCODA excels in applications where common extraction techniques can fail by offering unique advantages including exceptional contaminant rejection and unparalleled yield in low abundance nucleic acid samples. Due to the flexibility of the SCODA system, we are able to process samples in a variety of complex matrices, including samples that contain particulates or strong PCR inhibitors. We are also able to recover nucleic acids from extremely dilute samples, with successful concentration from starting DNA concentrations in the zeptomolar range. The non-mechanical nature of the process has allowed recovery of intact high molecular weight DNA over 1Mb.More recently we have demonstrated that SCODA can be made specific to the sequence of DNA targets to be concentrated, offering the opportunity for integrated sequence enrichment and detection applications. This presentation will give a brief overview of the SCODA technology with emphasis on recent progress in sequence specific DNA concentration.


Over the last decade it has become evident that in addition to producing antibody, B cells activate the immune system by producing cytokines and via antigen presentation. In addition, B cells also exhibit immunosuppressive functions via diverse regulatory mechanisms. This subset of B cells, known as regulatory B cells (B regs), contributes to the maintenance of tolerance, primarily via the production of IL-10. Studies in experimental animal models, as well as in patients with autoimmune diseases, have identified multiple B(reg) subsets exhibiting diverse mechanisms of immune suppression. In this review, we describe the different B(reg) subsets identified in humans, and their diverse mechanisms of suppression in HCV and diabetic patients. Aims: The main objectives of the study are to identify the role of B (reg) in the hepatitis C virus infected patients and diabetes.


This article is focused on the practical implementation of a software tool for the synthesis of planar microwave circuits based on aggressive space mapping (ASM), which makes use of commercially available software packages as the core program (MATLAB®) and as the electromagnetic (EM) fine model simulation space (Agilent Momentum®). All technical details related to the control of the cited EM commercial software tool, by means of a general purpose and user‐friendly environment (MATLAB in our case), are discussed in detail. The new synthesis tool has been designed to cope with the automatic layout generation of planar metamaterial structures, which is a novel practical application of the ASM algorithm. More specifically, the automated synthesis of microstrip lines loaded with complementary split ring resonators has been considered in this work. However, this synthesis tool can be easily customized to deal with the design of many other planar structures. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE, 2010.


Objective:To exchange the nursing experience of patients for severe pressure ulcers.Methods:The patients were giver the integrated TCM and western medicine care.Results:After following the integrated TCM and western medicine care,wound of pressure ulcers heals and skin integrity restores.Conclusion:Taking preventive measures actively,improving nutrition and applying drugs rationally and treatment pressure ulcers heals.


atmospheres pressure was also given, the first treatment being started shortly after his admission in Aberdeen and each session lasted two hours. On the morning after his transfer to the unit, he was pyrexial, pale, and slightly jaundiced. Inspection of the wound showed a small area of necrosis in the vastus lateralis and pale oedematous areas in the vastus medialis and the anterior part of the tensor fascia lata. These parts of the muscles did not respond to mechanical stimulation, and they were therefore excised under general anaesthesia. The haemoglobin now was 66% (9-6 g/100 ml) despite the transfusion of 2,000 ml of blood. The serum bilirubin level was 2-5 mg/100 ml. The serum aspartate level was 51 IU and the aspartate transferase level 102 R.F. units. The excised muscle was examined bacteriologically and showed profuse numbers of Gram-positive rods confirmed by culture to be C. welchii with a high concentration of alpha toxin production. After a further five periods of hyperbaric oxygen treatment and three days later the patient was much improved clinically with a steady haemoglobin level, absence of jaundice, and a near normal temperature. The wound showed no further evidence of extension of the infection and there was only scanty growth from one of three swabs taken from the wound. This was now dressed daily with Furacin (022% nitrofurazone in water-miscible vehicle). He improved rapidly and the wound showed healthy granulation tissue appearing throughout. His further course was uncomplicated.


It has been known for quite a while that some high-amplitude δ Scuti (HADS) stars show long-term variations. In a few cases, after correcting for these long-term variations, the O–C residuals show either sinusoidal variation that can be considered to be due to lighttime travel effect provoked by the existence of an unseen companion or, at times, show quadratic behavior that is interpreted as secular period variation. With this in mind a search to determine times of maximum light for several HADS stars is being carried out (see Peña et al., 2015) at the Observatorio Astronómico Nacional de Tonantzintla, México (TNT), an observatory especially suitable for observational teaching practices with small telescopes equipped with modern CCD cameras. After collecting times of maximum for the HADS stars, a detailed analysis on a starby-star basis is done. Some results have been published (Peña et al., 2015) and this has stimulated us to study additional stars. These secular variation studies are supplemented with uvby−β photoelectric photometry taken at the Observatorio Astronómico Nacional de San Pedro Mártir, México (SPM), since the determination of physical parameters of stars can be done through a comparison with theoretical models. Previous studies on the nature of EH Lib have been extensive. Mahdy & Szeidl (1980) found that this star has a slightly stable, constant period. Jiang & Yang (1981, 1982) obtained six times of maximum that, together with the photoelectric times of maximum compiled over the past 30 years, permitted them to determine the fit with the formula:


This work presents a petrographic and geochemical analysis of artifacts from grave 2 excavated in the Mesolithic layers of Vela spila. The rock from which it is composed is magmatic in origin, which means that it is not originally from Korčula, so that the selection has been narrowed to only a few Adriatic volcanic islets. The results of comparative analysis of the artifacts from Vela spila and samples of similar rocks from Palagruža, Brusnik, Jabuka and Komiža largely indicate that Paragruža is the site from which the round gabbro-diorite stone was brought to Korčula. This data is the oldest confirmation of navigation on the Adriatic Sea and indicates that the Gargano-PalagružaKorčula route was vital for procuring raw materials, and probably as an avenue for the spread of the Mesolithic (and even earlier) populations.


This paper numerically investigates the impact of considering the seismic wave propagation phenomenon on the dynamic response of high-rise buildings. A core wall and a frame are analyzed under seismic loading considering wave propagation phenomenon and ignoring it. The bending moment, shear force, axial force, and inter-story drift for both analyzed systems are evaluated. The amplitude Fourier response spectra for the dynamic response at different stories are discussed as well. Forty-six stories each, both systems are subjected to transverse and longitudinal seismic waves at the fixed base. The results show that considering the wave propagation phenomenon yields a slight decrease in the inter-story drift, shear force, and bending moment. It is found that considering wave propagation phenomenon increases the axial force significantly, especially for the core wall at the floors of the top third part. It is worth pointing out that high-rise buildings cannot be categorized, and every single different detail can trigger a different response. Thus, the main contribution of this paper is to highlight the drastic need to consider wave propagation phenomenon in such "out of code" buildings. The more important is a need to upgrade the standard analysis and design engineering packages to accurately capture the essential physics of the wave propagation phenomenon and perform the analysis precisely.


This study aims to determine the implementation of learning method cooperative type Jigsaw can enhance the activity of class XI IPS on the subjects of Economics with 3 SMA Muhammadiyah Surakarta in academic year 2018 / 2019. The research is a classroom action research(Class Action Research). The research subjects were students of class XI IPS at Muhammadiyah 3 High School Surakarta Academic Year 2018/2019 which amounted to 15 students, consisting of 13 male students and 2 female students. Data collection techniques used in this study were observation and documentation. Data analysis technique uses flow model analysis, steps in data analysis, namely data reduction, data display, and conclusion / verification. The results showed an increase in student learning activeness, namely students who showed a very active attitude of 2 students before the action, 3 students in cycle 1, and 5 students in cycle 2, students with active attitudes of 6 students before the action, 7 students in cycle 1, and 8 students in cycle 2, attitudes of students who showed a fairly active attitude of 5 students before the action, 5 students in cycle 1, and 2 students in cycle 2, and students who showed less active attitudes of 2 students before the action, 0 students in the cycle 1, and 0 students in cycle 2. Based on the results of the study that thelearning method was Jigsaw able to improve student learning activeness in economic subjects in class XI IPS in Muhammadiyah 3 High School Surakarta academic year 2018/2019.


Wireless sensor and actuator networks (WSAN) are composed of small smart nodes with sensing and/or actuating capabilities, and one or more sinks that help achieve the network's goals. Although IPv6, with the 6LoWPAN specification, is readily available for sensor networks, deployments still employ dedicated routing and transport protocols. Moreover, Internet connectivity, automatic node attachment, and mobile access to data are sometimes overlooked. This paper extends the ZenSens user-oriented system architecture, introducing actuation support, and a novel mobile iPhone application. ZenSens features Plug-and-Play node attachment and operation, testbed with nodes running Contiki with IPv6 support, and World Wide Web access. As a result, ZenSens brings the power of WSAN to users without technological background. The system is presented, namely node firmware and Desktop software, together with iPhone native application, and Web access. With ZenSens data is accessible everywhere, thus turning sensor and actuator networks into ubiquitously accessible systems.


We have studied the emission of positive atomic ions from five binary alloys: Cr‐Ni, Fe‐Ni, Cu‐Ni, Pd‐Ni, and Ag‐Pd, all under O+ 2 bombardment. Significant enhancement and suppression of ionization probabilities due to the presence of the second alloy component were observed. The alloying effect follows two general rules. The first rule states that for an alloy A‐B, where A forms a stronger oxide bond than B, the presence of A enhances the emission of B+, while the presence of B suppresses the emission of A+. The second rule states that the presence of A sharpens the energy distribution of B+, while the presence of B broadens the energy distribution of A+. X‐ray photoemission studies of the O+ 2 bombarded alloy surfaces connect the general rules with the enhanced oxidation of B and the suppressed oxidation of A in the alloys. All the cases that deviate from the rules originate from insufficient oxygen for oxidation resulting from the self‐limiting nature of oxidation by O+ 2 bombardment.


The mode of bonding of CO to Ru-modified Pt(100) surfaces prepared by chemical vapor deposition was investigated using infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (IRAS) in ultrahigh vacuum (UHV). Spectra recorded in the CO stretching region for freshly prepared Ru(θRu ca. 0.52)/Pt(100) exposed to saturation coverage of CO displayed, in addition to a rather weak peak ascribed to CO bound to bridging sites, a single asymmetric peak centered at ca. 2092 cm-1. Statistical analyses of IRAS spectra recorded in experiments in which a Ru(θRu ca. 0.52)/Pt(100) surface was annealed sequentially to 650 K for ca. 2.5 h prior to a saturation exposure of CO yielded two peaks at 2100 cm-1 and 2092 cm-1 with a clearly identifiable isosbestic point, characteristic of a quantitative conversion of one type of species into the other. This behavior has been attributed to a thermally induced surface incorporation of Ru into Pt, as has been shown with low-energy ion-scattering spectroscopy (LEIS) for other Ru-modified low-inde...


Since 1993, we have studied visible organic dye stains for protein or DNA to improve methodologies and developed the counterion dye staining method. The method employs two oppositely charged dyes that form an ion‐pair complex in the staining solution. The selective binding of free dye to protein or DNA in the staining solution improves detection sensitivity and speed. It is a rapid and sensitive procedure, involving fixing/staining or staining/quick destaining steps that are completed in 1–1.5 h. The lowest detection limits achieved are 4–8 ng of protein on polyacrylamide gels and ∼10 ng of DNA on agarose gels. The focus of this review is to chronicle the development and current status of the counterion dye staining method for detection of protein or DNA. As an extended application of visible dyes, we also discuss the visible dye staining method for detecting protein on blotting membranes developed in our laboratory.


PURPOSE Digital technology has enabled improvements in the fitting accuracy of denture bases via milling techniques. The aim of this study was to evaluate the trueness and precision of digital and analog techniques for manufacturing complete dentures (CDs). MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty identical CDs were manufactured using different production protocols. Digital and analog technologies were compared using the reference geometric approach, and the Δ-error values of eight areas of interest (AOI) were calculated. For each AOI, a precise number of measurement points was selected according to sensitivity analyses to compare the Δ-error of trueness and precision between the original model and manufactured prosthesis. Three types of statistical analysis were performed: to calculate the intergroup cumulative difference among the three protocols, the intergroup among the AOIs, and the intragroup difference among AOIs. RESULTS There was a statistically significant difference between the dentures made using the oversize process and injection molding process (P < .001), but no significant difference between the other two manufacturing methods (P = .1227). There was also a statistically significant difference between the dentures made using the monolithic process and the other two processes for all AOIs (P = .0061), but there was no significant difference between the other two processes (P = 1). Within each group, significant differences among the AOIs were observed. CONCLUSION The monolithic process yielded better results, in terms of accuracy (trueness and precision), than the other groups, although all three processes led to dentures with Δ-error values well within the clinical tolerance limit.


The purpose of this study was to describe the implementation of the teacher professionalism development program in Indonesia Secondary School in Malaysia and in Indonesia. A quantitative study method was used in this study.  This study is specially for recognize the form of teacher professionalism development program that hold in The Indonesia Secondary School in Malaysia and in Indonesia, besides effectiveness of this program and its influences to teacher's work satisfaction.  Research was conducted in Indonesia Secondary School in Malaysia and Indonesia, research population consist of 79 of teachers in the both schools. Sample taken purposively, namely who has experiences of teaching more than three years in the schools.  The data of this study was collected from inquiries that consists of  42 items that are tested by Alpha Crombach approach for reliability. Additional data was collected through document analysis and the in-depth interviews. The collected data are analyzed using SPSS version 12. The finding of the study showed that teacher professionalism development program was done through teacher conference, teaching observation, and other activities. The method that very often use in the program are the speech, dialog, teaching demonstration, and watching video, that suitable for the teachers like in Indonesia, but not for teachers in Malaysia who see watching video method as the most suitable method for them. Totally, the program of teacher professionalism development, both in Malaysia and in Indonesia gave some benefits for up gadding of teacher's quality in the schools. However, the aspects of objectives achievements and attained benefits showed that implementation of the program of teacher professionalism development in Malaysia was not effective, on the other hand in Indonesia it did effectively. In spite of this, no significant differences about the implementation of the program of teacher professionalism development in Malaysia and in Indonesia. Further more the study also proofed the positive correlation between teacher professionalism program and teacher work satisfaction


Digital signal processors classification of architectures data/instruction memories VLSI SISC processors data path design, rapid prototyping multiprocessor architectures DSMP compilers formal methods for scheduling assignment and allocation special instruction set multi-chip computers (SIMC) video signal processors.


PURPOSE: Provided is an apparatus for controlling injection solution supply which controls the rate of the administered injection solution according to conditions of a patient and types of the injection solution and drug. CONSTITUTION: The apparatus includes a main body(2) having an injection inlet(3) at one side, an outlet(4) to discharge the controlled injection and a guide groove(5) at the upper part; a controlling device(7) movably disposed in the main body(2) and having an inlet groove, an outlet groove, a through hole therebetween and a guide protrusion to be inserted into the guide groove(5); a packing inserted between the main body(2) and the controlling part(7) for airtightness; and a fixing device disposed at the bottom of the controlling part(7) to movably fix the controlling part(7) at the main body(2).


The Science in the Stratosphere program, first established in 1992, was conceived to introduce K-6 teachers to airborne infrared astronomy through the Kuiper Airborne Observatory (KAO), and to use this venue as a basis for seeing scientists at work in a mission-intensive program. The teachers selected for this program would bring their new perspectives back to their schools and students. Unlike the related FOSTER program, the emphasis of this program was on more intensive exposure of the KAO mission to a small number of teachers. The teachers in the Science in the Stratosphere program essentially lived with the project scientists and staff for almost a week. One related goal was to imbed the KAO project with perspectives of working teachers, thereby sensitizing the project staff and scientists to educational outreach efforts in general, which is an important goal of the NASA airborne astronomy program. A second related goal was to explore the ways in which K-5 educators could participate in airborne astronomy missions. Also unlike FOSTER, the Science in the Stratosphere program was intentionally relatively unstructured, in that the teacher participants were wholly embraced by the science team, and were encouraged to 'sniff out' the flavor of the whole facility by talking with people.


To overcome the over-segmentation for the watershed,this paper presented a novel algorithm of watershed segmentation based on fusion and adaptive morphological filtering.The algorithm first executed the adaptive morphological filtering of fusion to restrain dark noise and texture details of the images.Secondly,in order to enhance the contrast of the object and background,carried out the Tophat and Bothat transformations.Finally,achieved the image segmentation using the watershed algorithm based on immersion model.The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm,compared with general segmentation algorithms,can effectively overcome the segmentation impact on all kinds of noise,has a strong performance against over-segmentation,and achieves quickly and efficiently the image segmentation.


We explore the world of female and male exotic dancers. Utilizing Hirschi's Bonding theory, we look at gender differences in societal reaction, subcultural ties, and conventional support among dancers in a large metropolitan area. We surveyed 56 respondents from 18 exotic dancing establishments. Female dancers are less likely than male dancers to receive community support for dancing as a way to earn a living. Female dancers are also less likely than male dancers to recommend this work to a friend. The majority of female respondents dance for a living. Few of our male respondents relied on dancing as their primary source of income. While strong bonds are established within the subculture of exotic dancing, dancers also maintain bonds within mainstream society. In other words, a majority of the dancers had strong conventional ties (Hirschi's attachment, commitment, involvement, and belief) as measured by education, religion, and supportive family, friends, and significant others.


The invention discloses a vertical takeoff and landing flying car, wherein, the upper part of a car body is equipped with an upper rotor wing and a lower rotor wing which coaxially rotate reversely; the upper rotor wing and the lower rotor wing are provided with automatic rotor wing positioning and folding devices for automatically folding backwards the rotor wings; a telescopic device for an internal rotor wing shaft is arranged at the lower part of a cone gear main speed reducer; an external rotor wing shaft is equipped with an automatic rotor wing shaft positioning device for automatically positioning backwards the folded upper rotor wing and the folded lower rotor wing; the lower rotor wing is provided with a periodic moment and total moment control device; power conversion between the rotor wings and wheels can be conveniently controlled, and a controllable coupling controls disconnection and connection; the rear part of the car body is equipped with a controllable rotor wing support doubling as a stabilizer fin; when the vertical takeoff and landing flying car runs on a road, the controllable rotor wing support doubling as the stabilizer fin rotates to rise for supporting and fixing the rear parts of the upper rotor wing and the lower rotor wing, and rotates to fall down when the car vertically takes off and lands as well as flies; and the upper rotor wing extends to depart from the lower rotor wing and coaxially rotate reversely with the lower rotor wing to generate a lifting force for controlling the periodic moment and total moment control device and an accelerator so that the vertical takeoff and landing flying car can vertically take off and land as well as fly. The vertical takeoff and landing flying car provided by the invention can run normally on the road and vertically take off and land.


The rapid growth of mobile Internet services has triggered the explosion of Internet data traffic going through mobile networks. This brings a big challenge to mobile operators because their existing networks and deployment plan on mobile networks can hardly meet the demand. To solve this problem, alternative solutions are needed while Wi-Fi offloading is regarded as one primary candidate. By Wi-Fi offloading mobile traffic can be diverted through Wi-Fi networks. Thus, selecting an optimal access point is becoming crucial for the performance of mobile connection and user experience. In this paper, we propose an algorithm based on Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to select an optimal mobile access point. We investigate the impact of the judgment matrix and performance parameters on the selection decision. Our experimental study shows that the algorithm can improve the access point selection and user experience.


This article describes a method for treating the ocular surface diseases such as aniridic keratopathy, dry eye syndrome, ocular manifestation of Sjogrens syndrome, corneal erosion, upper limbic keratokonjunctivitis and others using autologous patient's serum. The optimal scheme of the drug application is shown. Techniques of sampling, preparation of material, keeping rules are described. Indications and contraindications for this method are outlined. The research results indicate the high clinical efficacy of autologous serum in ocular surface diseases.


About 17% of L6 chondrites (15/87) show significant reduction features in BSE images in thin section. Because some thin sections of these meteorites do not show reduction features, this percentage is a lower limit. Reduction features include: (1) 4–5‐μm‐thick BSE‐dark reduction rims on olivine and orthopyroxene grains and along fracture boundaries in these grains, (2) 4–12‐μm‐thick dark bands (probably poorly crystalline pyrrhotite) at the margins and along fractures in troilite grains, and (3) 2–5‐μm‐thick dark rinds of kamacite around some taenite grains. Only one of 70 L‐group chondrites (1.4%) of lower petrologic type exhibits minor reduction. The L6 chondrites showing major reduction have 40Ar/39Ar plateau ages ranging from 156 ± 1 Ma for Guangnan to 4543 ± 3 Ma for Thamaniyat Ajras. Reduction occurred after silicate, sulfide, and metal grains had attained their present sizes during parent‐body thermal metamorphism (and had been fractured by parent‐body collisions). The precise plateau age of Thamaniyat Ajras probably marks the timing of the L6 reduction event. It seems likely the reductant was a low‐viscosity fluid, plausibly CO, derived from oxidation of poorly graphitized and amorphous carbon within fine‐grained matrix. Water‐ice that had accreted to the L‐chondrite asteroid was heated and mobilized during metamorphism, causing oxidation. After peak metamorphism, ~75% of the water had been used up or lost; the remaining water facilitated continuing graphite oxidation so that, after this point, overall reduction effects exceeded those of oxidation. L chondrites of lower petrologic type were less affected by reduction due to their lower metamorphic temperatures.


Bottom-up synthesis of π-extended macrocylic carbon rings is promising to construct length- and diameter-specified carbon nanotubes (CNTs). However, it is yet a great challenge to realize size-controllable giant carbon macrocycles. Herein, we report a tunable synthesis of novel curved nanographene-based giant π-extended macrocyclic rings (CHBC[n]s, n = 8, 6, 4), as finite models of armchair CNTs, respectively. Among them, CHBC[8] molecule contains 336 all-carbon atoms, representing the largest cyclic conjugated molecular CNT segment ever reported. CHBC[n]s were systematically characterized by various spectroscopies and applied in photoelectrochemical cells for the first time, revealing that the proton chemical shifts, fluorescence, electronic, and photoelectrical properties of CHBC[n]s are highly dependent on the macrocycle diameters. The tunable bottom-up synthesis of giant macrocyclic rings could pave the way towards large π-extended diameter- and chirality-specified CNT segments.


White galangal rhizome extract (Alpinia galanga (L.) Willd.) Is known to have anti-fungal potential against Malaissezia furfur which is a fungus that causes fungus. Many types of preparations can be used as anti-fungi, one of which is liquid bath soap. White galangal rhizome extract (Alpinia galanga (L.) Willd.) Contains galangin, kaempferol, and quercetin which is a flavonoid group so that it can inhibit Malassezia furfur bacteria with a concentration of at least 3% in the extract without treatment. This research is experimental with a type of pre-experiment single case study design (one shot case study). The extraction method used was maceration method with 96% ethanol. The white galangal extract (Alpinia galanga (L.) Willd.) Liquid bath soap formulation with variations in concentrations of 0%, 3%, 4%, and 5%, carried out a quality evaluation including organoleptic test, homogeneity, pH, and specific gravity. Results of the analysis showed that all liquid bath soap formulas met the requirements of liquid bath soap SNI 06-4085-1999. The preparation of white galangal extract of white galangal extract (Alpinia galanga (L.) Willd.) Has a distinctive odor, liquid and runny texture, clear color at F0, light brown color in F1, and dark brown color on F2 and F3. The results of the analysis of liquid bath soap are pH values between 8,5 – 8,93 has met the requirements based on SNI liquid bath soap 06-4085-1996 namely with a pH between 8-11. The results of the analysis of liquid bath soap are
specific gravity between 1,039 – 1,049 has met the requirements based on SNI liquid bath soap 06-4085-1996 namely with a specific gravity between 1,01 – 1,10.

Keywords : Galangal rhizome extract (Apinia galanga (L.) Willd.), anti-fungal, liquid bath soap.
Read List : 39 (1979 – 2017)


This paper proposes a novel multi-objective design method of permanent magnet (PM) motor using Mote Carlo Tree Search (MCTS). In this method, the whole machine structure of a PM motor, such as the number of poles and magnet configuration, and detailed magnetic structure are simultaneously optimized. The proposed method is shown to give Pareto solutions that consist of PM motors with different number of poles and magnet configuration.


Abstract The sensilla of the 3-segmented labial palps of Limnephilus marmoratus are described by means of scanning electron microscopy. Three types of sensilla are present: aporous sensilla chaetica, uniporous sensilla chaetica and multiporous sensilla auricillica. The two types of sensilla chaetica are found all over the palp but the sensilla auricillica exist only on the terminal segment. The aporous sensilla chaetica, with a tactile function, and the uniporous sensilla chaetica, with a gustative function, intervene when feeding. The sensilla auricillica, which are considered as olfactive, appear to perform this function, rarely attributed to labial palps. These sensilla are mentioned for the first time on the labial palps of a trichopteran insect. Their morphology is identical to that of the sensilla auricillica present on the antennae of Lepidoptera, the sister-group of Trichoptera.


Objective
To explore the relationship of HBV genotypes and the age of patients, the positive ratio of HBV e antigen(HBeAg), DNA load in serum of patients, and its clinical significance.

Methods
We tested HBV B and C genotypes in 344 Zhejiang patients with hepatitis B, compared their clinical differences. Enzyme linked immune sorbent assay(ELISA) was used to test the HBeAg; HBV DNA copies was detected by time fluorescence quantitative PCR. Make comprehensive analysis of these indexes.

Results
Among the 344 Zhejiang HBV patients, 113 patients (32.8%), 217 patients (63.1%) and 14 patients (4.1%) were infected by HBV genotype genotype B, C and B+ C, respectively. Positive ratio of HBeAg and HBV DNA in genotype C were higher than that of genotype B(P 105 copies/ml) in genotype C patients was higher than that in genotype B patients (P<0.01).

Conclusion
Genotype C is the major genotype in Zhejiang province. Genotypes are associated with the age of patients, positive ratio of HBeAg, DNA load in serum of patients.

Key words:
Hepatitis B virus; Genotype; Hepatitis B e antigens; DNA


A numerical investigation of Al/SiCp two dimension solidification process during centrifugal casting is conducted. The effects of various processing parameters were explored. It is found that there exit some different zones from inside to outside when solidification is from outside: the denuded region where the particle volume fraction is nearly zero, particle gradient region, particle packed region and a thin gradient region. Lower heat transfer coefficient results in slower solidification and hence a larger denuded zone and a larger particle packed zone, but a smaller particle gradient zone. Larger particle size or higher rotational velocity leads to faster particle velocity and hence a larger denuded zone and a larger particle packed zone, but a smaller particle gradient zone.


Inventory regulation and control to a desired time-varying inventory level is accomplished via an accurate on line observer-based demand rate estimation, followed by a demand rate satisfaction effort incorporated on the production rate decision rule. An extended demand rate observer is shown to efficiently allow for production rate to accurately match highly fluctuating uncertain demand rates, with good inventory replenishment features from temporary production rate saturation conditions caused by unexpectedly high, or low, temporary demand rates. The approach makes it unnecessary for statistically based average forecasting. Simulation and experimental results on a tank system show good agreement with the theoretical framework.


Mosaicisms are characterized by genetic or functional differences between ≥ 2 cell lines in one person, derived from a single zygote. Of the various clinical patterns of cutaneous mosaicism, linear lesions following Blaschko's lines are probably the most commonly encountered, Several cases of multiple basal cell carcinomas or basaloid hamartomatous lesions distributed in a segmentary distribution and following Blaschko's lines have been described. The various terms of 'linear unilateral basal cell naevus with comedones', 'linear unilateral basaloid follicular hamartoma', 'linear unilateral basal cell naevus', and 'basal‐cell and linear unilateral adnexal hamartoma' have been used to define this apparently heterogeneous group of disorders. We report a 66‐year‐old woman with a linear unilateral lesion that appeared during puberty and that histologically showed an adnexal hamartomatous lesion with multiple superficial and nodular basal cell carcinomas. Focal areas of glandular and follicular differentiation were also noted. Molecular studies from these lesions ruled out loss of heterozygosity or mutations in patched gene.


surgical weight loss interventions on cardiovascular events. The mean age ranges of the trials was 45.3 to 70.3 years old and 62.5% were female. Interventions included diet alone, diet with exercise advice, and diet with exercise program; control interventions were not defined. Outcomes included death from cardiac causes and incidence of new cardiovascular events (myocardial infarction, unstable angina, percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass grafting, stroke, transient ischemic attack, congestive heart failure, or peripheral vascular intervention). Follow-up ranged from one to 11.5 years. Weight reducing diets (mostly 500–1,800 kcal/d and low in fat and saturated fat) were associated with a nonsignificant decrease in new cardiovascular events (24 trials, N515,176 [1,043 events]; risk ratio [RR] 0.9; 95% CI, 0.8–1.0) and cardiovascular mortality (eight trials, N510,164 [134 events]; RR 0.9; 95% CI, 0.7–1.3). The RCTs in the meta-analysis were limited by lack of blinding of participants and study personnel, as well as biases because of lack of adequate allocation concealment, incomplete outcome data, and selective reporting. A 2017 systematic review and meta-analysis found five case-control trials (N517,273 cases and 17,896 controls) investigating the long-term cardiovascular mortality of obese patients after bariatric surgery. Patients ranged in average age from 39.5 to 49.5 years old (median 41.5 years) and hadaverageBMIs ranging from41.3 to 48.4 kg/ m (median 41.7 kg/m); 73.7% were female. The most common comorbidities were diabetes and hypertension. The median follow-up time was 7.3 years (range 3.5–13.9 years). Gastric bypass surgery was performed on 14,322 patients and 2,974 underwent gastric banding. Pooled analysis found a reduction in long-term cardiovascular mortality among patients receiving bariatric surgery when compared with nonoperated obese controls (odds ratio 0.4; 95% CI, 0.2–0.7) regardless of surgical technique. The review was limited by reliance on data from observational studies and inadequate reporting of follow-up information in some of the studies.


The participation of business in partnership initiatives for sustainable development has intensified significantly since the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro in 1992. By 2014, there were about 1,000 voluntary commitments and multilateral partnerships in various fields of activity involving partners from the corporate sector , among which the best-known initiatives are "Sustainable Energy for All" (SE4All), "Every Woman, Every Child" (Every Woman Every Child - EWEC), Business Fights Poverty, Partnerships for Small Island Developing States, and others.

In our opinion, it seems appropriate to propose the classification of existing partnership models in the interests of achieving the SDGs with the participation of representatives of the corporate sector.


With the view of determining the etiological factors in the causation of various disturbances of the heart, and especially the rôle played by lesions of the valves in patients presenting the clinical phenomena of " Cardiac Cases," I have examined the autopsy records of the hospital, covering a period of eighteen months. I have taken each case consecutively, where" mention was made of any pathological lesion of the heart, until I have accumulated a series of one hundred. Many of these cases represented" merely a pathological process, as fatty degeneration or cloudy swelling, and iu some there is evidence of slight valvular lesion which iu no way could have interfered with the efficiency of the valves during life. Many patients present themselves with a history of shortness of breath, dyspnea, perhaps, cough, cyanosis, in whom physical examination demonstrates enlargement of the heart, and irregular or rapid action, but iu whom we find no valvular lesion to account for the condition of the heart. These cases are variously classified as " Cardiac," " Weak Heart," " Dilated Heart," " Parietal Disease " of the heart ; perhaps any one of these terms is as desirable as another, aB we do not, and cannot commit ourselves in all cases as to the diagnosis of the pathological lesion present. This investigation suggests the probable pathological cause in a good many such cases. On the other hand, with what certainty may we diagnose an organic valvular lesion from the presence of distinct well-marked murmurs ? Iu the fifth series of medical and surgical reports of the hospital I have tabulated 92 caBes of disease of the heart seen in the out-putient department. Iu this series 1 made tho diagnosis of non-valvular disease, or, as I theu suggested, following the nomenclature of Dr. Gannett, parietal disease of the heart, in 48 cases ; valvular disease, 89 caseB. It is my wish, iu the following collective examination of post-mortem results, to determine what relation the pathological data as to disease of the heart bear to diagnoses made during life. I have collated from the autopsy records the following data as to the heart, namely weight, hypertrophy, dilatation, or both ; the condition of the coronary arteries ; condition of the arteries of the body in general, valves, kiduey. The hundred collected cases may be classified aB follows : Oases, Valvulardisenso. 34 Valvular disenso with adherent pericardium ... 4 Adherent pericardium without valvular diseiuie . . 1 Lesion coronary arteries and arleiio-sclerosls . . . 32 l^atty and acute degeneration of the myocardium . . 18 Heiinldis ase. 6 (Jhrouio lung-dlueasc. 4 DiaeaBc ofmyocardium. 4


DESCRIBED DEVICE FOR POSITION CONTROL OF A VEIN CATHETER shunted EKG, where vein catheter, driving INFUSION and syringe for a liquid ELECTRIC SEATS CAN BE CONDUCTING attached to a three-way cock. IN THE MACHO (18) FAUCET THREE WAYS USED a contact piece (26) ARRIVING TO MAKE CONTACT WITH FLUID CAPACITY HOST AND SHOWS PIN PLUG (36) FOR CONNECTING THE CONDUCT OF PATIENT APPARATUS EKG.


Abstract : A growing body of evidence leaves less and less doubt that Iran's drive to develop an indigenous, closed nuclear-fuel cycle is tied to the ambitions of its leadership to possess a nuclear weapons capability. Notwithstanding the protestations of Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, Iran's Supreme Leader, Iran appears to be embarked on a clear path to cross the nuclear threshold and become a nuclear weapons power. By one estimate, Iran is 80 percent on the way to developing a functioning nuclear weapon. Up until now, and as reflected in the 2007 National Intelligence Estimate (NIE) on Iran's nuclear programs, Western analysts, with the exception of the Israelis, had been saying that Iran was not likely to have in hand the knowledge base and capabilities to cross the nuclear threshold until sometime in the mid-to-later years of the next decade. Since the release of the NIE, however, new information has come to light, prompting nuclear experts in the United States, Britain, and France to revise their earlier estimates. Most now conclude that Iran is not only embarked on a weapons path, but is likely to attain enough fissile material for an indigenously produced bomb far sooner than had been anticipated, sometime in the next year and a half to two years. This is more or less consistent with Israeli estimates that suggest late 2009 as the earliest possible date that Iran will be technically capable of producing enough highly enriched uranium for a weapon. The Israelis further contend that once the Iranians produce enough enriched uranium, they could build a nuclear weapon in six to eighteen months.


, A new method of photottwrmalspectroscopyis introduced for measuringthe weakabsorption of light by liquids. This paper dkwsses the analysis forthetime-varyingGaussiannestingprofile inducedina sampleby laser heating.Theadvantagesof thisnow Zeemantechniqueis thatitis experimentallysimple,yetlessmodel dependent and at least as sensitive as competingmethods. Zeeman intederometry has a wide variety of applications (Johnston 1989, 1990; Johnston and Grace 1990; Johnston


Introduction In April 2010, a cavity in a small syenite pegmatite dike was discovered at Virikkollen, Sandefjord in the southern part of Norway. The cavity was formed by the interstices between large K-feldspar and aegirine crystals, and revealed a mineral suite unique among the pegmatites associated with larvikite hitherto reported from the Larvik Plutonic Complex (LPC). About 20 different minerals, all belonging to the hydrothermal stage of the pegmatite formation, have so far been identified from the cavity. Especially notable were the presence of beryllium minerals as epididymite, bertrandite and milarite, but also minerals new to the LPC and Norway were found. The first find of zektzerite from Norway is reported from here, besides the find of an aspedamite-like mineral (UK-H). In this paper we will give a preliminary description of the locality and the minerals found in this cavity.


Autonomous vehicles produce high data rates of sensory information from sensing systems. To achieve the advantages of sensor fusion among different vehicles in a cooperative driving scenario, high data-rate communication becomes essential. Current strategies for joint radar-communication (JRC) often rely on specialized hardware, prior knowledge of the system model, and entail diminished capability in either radar or communication functions. In this paper, we propose a framework for intelligent vehicles to conduct JRC, with minimal prior knowledge of the system model and a tunable performance balance, in an environment where surrounding vehicles execute radar detection periodically, which is typical in contemporary protocols. We introduce a metric on the usefulness of data to help an intelligent vehicle decide what, and to whom, data should be transmitted. The problem framework is cast as a generalized form of the Markov Decision Process (MDP). We identify deep reinforcement learning algorithms (DRL) and algorithmic extensions suitable for solving our JRC problem. For multi-agent scenarios, we introduce a Graph Neural Network (GNN) framework via a control channel. This framework enables modular and fair comparisons of various algorithmic extensions. Our experiments show that DRL results in superior performance compared to non-learning algorithms. Learning of inter-agent coordination in the GNN framework, based only on the Markov task reward, further improves performance.


With the expansion of power backbone communication network, the topology structure is increasing complex, and the network operation and maintenance data are increasing exponentially. In order to effectively ensure that the large number of deep-level operation data which reflecting the essence of production and operation could be analysed, a fault recovery method for power backbone communication network based on artificial intelligence and state perception is proposed. Firstly, based on the state awareness technology, a fault management model of power backbone communication networks(PBCN) in virtualized network environment is established. Then a reinforcement learning algorithm for PBCN fault recovery is proposed, and a risk value evaluation model for service failure of PBCN is established with the aim at ensuring the quality of service (QoS) of PBCN. The goal of minimizing network loss caused by link failure is achieved. The simulation results show that the algorithm can recovery as much power communication services as possible and performance better in fault recovery of power communication services networks and the revenue of power backbone communication basic networks.


Turbidity currents are in the range of highly sediment concentrated flows, challenging traditional (i.e. optical and acoustic) techniques that aim to measure concentration and velocity quantities. In typical laboratory conditions, difficulties increase in the presence of highly non-uniform and unsteady flows. However, the measurement of those quantities along with a longitudinal profile is necessary to quantify and depict key mechanisms of mass and momentum transport, related to the mean and turbulent flow fields. The possible solutions often require prohibitive costs or resources. In this work, visual, acoustic, electrical, and statistical tools are tested. The aim of these tests is to find appropriate techniques and strategies for measuring concentration and velocity quantities in the broader research scope involving turbidity currents triggered by a 2D water jet. The outcomes will be applied in the quantification of turbidity currents with various boundary and initial conditions in a flume 4 m long, 2 m deep, and 22 cm wide. Additionally, the findings can potentially be transferred to other laboratory applications involving turbidity currents or other types of sediment-laden flows.

Acknowledgements: CAPES (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, a Foundation within the Ministry of Education in Brazil), grant number 88881.174820/2018-01.


This study builds and tests a model that explains entrepreneurs' emotional responses to events in their work lives while specifying the role of entrepreneurs' personality in moderating such responses. Drawing on the cognitive appraisal theory, we hypothesize that daily entrepreneurial stressors (workload and financial) exert negative influences on two discrete emotions (fear and pride) and that entrepreneurs' neuroticism and dispositional optimism can moderate the proposed relationships. We examined daily diary data of 61 entrepreneurs over a two-week period and found multilevel evidence of individual differences in entrepreneurs' emotional responses to these stressors at both the between- and within-person levels of analysis. We also found that neuroticism and optimism partially account for the examined relationships across both levels. This study contributes to the literature on stress-related emotional experiences in an entrepreneurial context by taking into account the type of stressor and the temporal framework across levels of analysis. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


In recent years the incidence of tuberculosis (TB) has been rising, ranking this disease as one of the major threats to public health. 1,2 Its treatment relies on essential drugs such as myambutol, pyrazinamide, isoniazid, and rifampicin. The combination of these drugs can lead to a high hepatotoxicity, especially in particular circumstances. Therefore it is important to follow some rules when dealing with patients presenting the risk factors of hepatotoxicity (chronic hepatitis, alcoholic intoxication, old age). Among these anti-TB drugs, both pyrazinamide and isoniazid have the highest hepatotoxicity. Thus they can be responsible for fulminating hepatitis, with either lethal consequences or vital requirement for liver transplantation. 3


Mean concentrations of total mercury in the axial muscle tissues from 4 species of elasmobranchs (1.33-3.15 pg g-I) and 14 species of teleosts (0.14-0.73 pg g-') from waters deeper than 75 m were generally higher than the mean concentrations in 23 different species of elasmobranchs (0.131.70 pg g-') and 30 different species of teleosts (0.01-0.29 pg g-I) from shallower waters outside Port Phillip Bay. In 5 of the 11 species of teleosts from Port Phillip Bay, which is shallow, almost landlocked and drains a largely urbanized catchment, mean concentrations were 0.39-0.63 pg g-'; in the remaining 6 species, they were 0.04-0.27 pg g-I. Differences in the diets and the longevity of the species are discussed as possible explanations of the variations in the mercury concentrations. Most of the results were similar to those from other studies undertaken on the same species collected from waters off Tasmania and New South Wales, but tended to be higher than the results for the same species collected from New Zealand waters. Mean concentrations of mercury in various soft tissues from eight species of molluscs were 0.01-0.11 pg g-I and in abdominal and thoracic muscle tissues from three species of crustaceans were 0.03-0.13 pg g- '.


A double layer radar absorbing structure (RAS) with excellent radar absorption property in X and Ku band, has been designed based on the calculated permittivity requirements according to the transmission line theory. The two kinds of SiC fibers with different resistivity reinforced epoxy (SiCf/epoxy) are chosen and constructed to serve as the lossy layer and matching layer, respectively. The fiber volume fraction of the two layers are specified according to volume fraction dependent dielectric properties of the designed composites, which is determined by the different characteristics of SiC fibers. The thickness dependent absorption property of the double layer SiCf/epoxy is calculated and investigated. Radar wave absorbing performance of the designed SiCf/epoxy is measured and the fabricated composite with the total thickness of 4.6 mm shows more than 90% absorption in the whole X and Ku band when the incident angle is less than 30°. Furthermore, the multi-scale radar wave absorption mechanism for the fabricated double layer RAS is discussed based on the multi-scale structure of the fabricated composite.


Published in the series Air Monitoring Methods, Vol. 12 (2011)

The article contains sections titled:

General principles
Equipment, chemicals and solutions
Equipment
Chemicals
Solutions
Calibration standards

Sampling and sample preparation
Operating conditions for chromatography
Analytical determination
Calibration
Calculation of the analytical result
Evaluation of the method
Precision
Recovery
Limit of quantification
Storage stability
Interference
Blank values

Discussion

Keywords:

gas chromatography;
workplace measurement;
air analysis;
occupational monitoring;
analytical method;
hazardous substance;
measurement procedure;
uncertainty;
personal sampling


In the presented paper a family of angiogenesis models, that is a generalisation of the Hahnfeldt et al. model is proposed. Considered family of models consists of two differential equations with distributed time delays. The global existence and the uniqueness of the solutions are proved. Moreover, the stability of the unique positive steady state is examined in the case of Erlang and piecewise linear delay distributions. Theorems guaranteeing the existence of stability switches and occurrence of Hopf bifurcations are proved. Theoretical results are illustrated by numerical analysis performed for parameters estimated by Hahnfeldt et al. (Cancer Res., 1999).


A novel chemiluminescence (CL) sensor for thiamine combined flow-injection (FI) technology is presented in this paper. The analytical reagents, luminol and ferricyanide, were both immobilized on an anion exchange column. The CL signal produced by the reaction between luminol and ferricyanide, which were eluted from the column with the sodium phosphate injection, was decreased in the presence of thiamine. The decreased CL intensity was linear for thiamine concentration in the range from 0.2 to 4.0 nmol mL; and the limit of detection was 66 pmol mL (3σ). The whole process, including sampling and washing, could be completed in 2 min with a relative standard deviation of less than 3.0%. The sensor could be reused more than 400 times and has been applied for the determination of thiamine in pharmaceutical preparations and human urine samples.


Uranium exploration and mining make widespread use of gamma-ray logs to determine ore-grade distribution in situ. Attenuation, scattering, and uncollimated detectors all degrade the signal, hampering accuracy. We deconvolve their effects from the measured logs by space-domain processing with the aid of a function that takes account of detector length and uranium ore-zone thickness. The output quantifies uranium grade by zones of specified location and thickness. With this method, thin zones of very high grade can be used for calibration. Illustrative data come from model pits in Australia, Canada, and the USA.


Building upon his previous work, Mad in America, the investigative journalist Robert Whitaker examines the widespread use=abuse of psychotropic medications in his breakthrough publication Anatomy of an Epidemic: Magic Bullets, Psychiatric Drugs, and the Astonishing Rise of Mental Illness in America. Whitaker unveils startling revelations about the apparent long-term ineffectiveness of psychiatric medication for many people being treated for a mental illness. He shows the limits of the research that supports the long-term effectiveness of these medications and cites several studies documenting the poor results of these medications over longer periods. He looks at a number of factors including the worsening employment records for those who are taking these medications when prescribed for extended periods of time. He provides some compelling psychiatric research evidence suggesting that a significant majority of people with diagnoses of serious mental illness may fare far better in the long term by not taking these potent and possibly further disabling medications. While most agree that the short-term use of these medications is generally effective, and the studies support this, he cites studies of long-term use that show the opposite effect (e.g., Harrow, 2007). He


Activity-oriented, activating methods and media that allow an output-oriented learning provide additional options to exploit learning and teaching potentials. This pragmatic course concept addresses to mathematic lectures and aims to promote capabilities of speech and expression, intuition and a mutual teacher-student discourse. The focus lies on the knowledge transfer of mathematical propositions such as theorems or lemmata.


Acoustic measurement close to noise sources is significant to understand the generation mechanisms of jet noise. Microphones are generally used for the acoustic measurement, but they may disturb the flow and acoustic fields when they are used in the near field of a jet. In this study, an optical measurement method using a laser and 2-D position sensitive detector (PSD) is proposed for the acoustic measurement in the near field. In this method, 2-D PSD detects the angle and direction of the refraction of the laser path by acoustic wave passing, so that the propagating direction, as well as the acoustic intensity, is expected to be measured by this method. To discuss its validity, this method was applied to the acoustic measurement of a correctly expanded supersonic jet. In this experiment, microphone measurement was also carried out simultaneously, and cross correlation between the signals of these two measurements is discussed. Also, the measured spectra and propagating directions for different frequencies are compared with those of the acoustic intensity vector measurement.Acoustic measurement close to noise sources is significant to understand the generation mechanisms of jet noise. Microphones are generally used for the acoustic measurement, but they may disturb the flow and acoustic fields when they are used in the near field of a jet. In this study, an optical measurement method using a laser and 2-D position sensitive detector (PSD) is proposed for the acoustic measurement in the near field. In this method, 2-D PSD detects the angle and direction of the refraction of the laser path by acoustic wave passing, so that the propagating direction, as well as the acoustic intensity, is expected to be measured by this method. To discuss its validity, this method was applied to the acoustic measurement of a correctly expanded supersonic jet. In this experiment, microphone measurement was also carried out simultaneously, and cross correlation between the signals of these two measurements is discussed. Also, the measured spectra and propagating directions for different frequencie...


This paper presents some methods of improving the simulation of human movements. Since we are developing a tool for the planning of environments for physically disabled persons, it is important to consider the future user's abilities in particular. Methods such as the use of human models, acquiring joint ranges and motions (from MacReflex and DataGlove systems), editing postures and motions, setting up libraries of postures and motions and the use of Virtual Reality systems is discussed.


Internet has emerged as the largest repository of information pertaining to any area. It has been observed that web is noisy in nature i.e. a web page contains information that is not relevant to the user. Web page noise hinders effective web data mining. Hence it is highly essential to eliminate such type of noises. Identification and elimination of noisy information in web page is a pre-processing in variety of applications such as classification of web pages, information retrieval, displaying web pages in devices like Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) and mobile phones, web page clustering etc. Many techniques rely on the concept of Document Object Model (DOM) tree to eliminate noise from web pages. Majority of the users are interested in the informative content of a web page. So primary content of web pages are to be separated from other content sections. Web pages can be segmented into web page blocks from which the informative contents are extracted. Eliminating non content blocks from web pages reduces the storage and indexing requirements. A brief overview of various techniques used to remove noise from web pages is discussed in this paper.


Chinese calligraphy is one of the treasures of the splendid culture of the motherland. With the development of science and technology and the improvement of people's quality of life, the state's investment in cultural undertakings and the public's pursuit of literature and art show a rising trend. In this paper, an improved algorithm based on Z-S fast parallel algorithm is proposed. The algorithm improves the problem of fracture and burr when extracting skeleton. The extracted skeleton image can well show the "shape" of calligraphy characters, and can be better used for the calculation of image skeleton similarity.


At a time when I was quite skeptical about self psychology I had my first encounter with Paul Ornstein. Subtle and quietly passionate in his approach, Paul seemed to encompass the complexity of the whole therapeutic process in his unwavering empathic gesture. I experienced something quite viscerally during his talk: a rhythm, an almost uncanny strength in Paul's particular way of evoking the paradoxical, complex-simplicity embodied in that form of human connection. Twenty-five years later and much elaborated, that essential core endures.


The agent paradigm plays a central role in the modelling and the design of modern computer systems. Just like the systems -which they implement software agents have to be both controllable in their complexity and able to acquire new behaviours. This paper presents a model of open agent stemming from the systemic metaphor which has an architecture capable of integrating external behaviours into the agent, providing the entity with a physical opening on its environment.


We present a new method to determine the best constant of the Sobolev-type embedding in one dimension with a norm including an inhomogeneous potential term. This problem is closely connected to the Green function of the Schr\"{o}dinger operator with inhomogeneous potential. A minimization problem of a Rayleigh-type quotient in a Sobolev space gives the best constant of the Sobolev embedding. We decompose the minimization problem into two sub-minimization problems and show that the Green function provides the minimizer of the first minimization problem. Then, it enables us to derive a new precise estimate of the best constant and function for inhomogeneous bounded potential cases. As applications, we give some examples of the inhomogeneous potential whose best constant and function of the Sobolev-type embedding are explicitly determined. Furthermore, we consider an $L^p$- or measure-valued perturbation of the bounded potential and analyze it using a comparison formula and the two-step minimization approach.


AbstractIn Rwanda and in the border region, a movement of awakening under the names of abake or balokole was born in the 1930s. This movement spread rapidly in east African countries, particularly in Uganda and Kenya. As an evangelical awakening within the framework of Anglicanism, it takes on a distinct character in Rwanda. It foreshadows the Pentecostal movement, which originated in the early twentieth century in the United States and rapidly spread through South Africa, Brazil, and elsewhere in Latin America and Africa, through its millenarial and trans-territorial character. Thus, the east African awakening (REA) fostered the spread of a transnational Pentecostalism which extended to Rwanda in 1994.


In current discussions, Urban Air Mobility (UAM) is often mentioned as a promising future means of transport, reducing journey times by avoiding traffic jams on roads and cumbersome journeys on public transport. The paper at hand provides insights into possible pathways for UAM until 2030 and after, using a scenario-based approach. Therefore, three different scenarios for the UAM market development will be presented. We thus want to contribute to a more open discussion of opportunities and challenges for UAM by depicting the possible range of future developments of that new transport system. The scenario methodology used enables us to develop consistent pictures of the future while incorporating the uncertainty of related important factors. We thereby consider a variety of environment factors influencing the development of UAM, ranging from economics and politics to societal factors such as acceptance, but also to infrastructural and technological aspects such as powertrain development. Analyzing the system's environment and the uncertainty as well as impacts of each identified factor helped to determine consistent developments that led to the definition of scenario frameworks. The resulting three scenarios will be described in detail, followed by a comparison of key scenario factors. The method used for developing the three scenarios shows possible system set-ups rather than the probability of each scenario. The identified scenarios represent a range of outcomes, from prosperous to rather challenging scenarios for the development of UAM. Implications for business and operating models, respective key customer groups, resulting transport chains as well as cost and revenue structures are drawn. Thereby, different business models evolve, all having distinct customers and using specific vehicles according to their requirements. The resulting key requirements for UAM vehicles as well as ground infrastructure on a scenario-specific basis are being developed. With our contribution we aim to lay a basis for a critical examination of postulated UAM business cases. Deeper insights into different elements of these operating models help us to identify possible show stoppers and extract promising ideas from vague expectations. The impact of the COVID-19 crisis on UAM development was not in the scope of this project. As an outlook, however, we address effects of the ongoing crisis on core scenario factors of the UAM scenarios and show uncertainties connected to this situation.


Abstract This article offers an overview of the current state of labor markets and pension coverage in a wide sample of Latin America and the Caribbean countries, and proposes a series of possible avenues toward universal coverage, not only as an instrument to fight poverty during old age, but also as part of an agenda for increasing formal employment and productivity growth. We conclude that despite perspectives of low economic growth and reduced fiscal space, the region is going through intense demographic and socio-economic changes, which increase the demand for better jobs and provide a real opportunity for initiating the bold reforms in pensions, labor, and taxes needed to achieve universal coverage.


Successful change detection in multi-temporal images relies on high spatial co-registration accuracy. However, co-registration accuracy alone cannot meet the needs of change detection when using several ground control points to separately geo-reference multi-temporal images from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). This letter reports on a new approach to perform bundle adjustment—named united bundle adjustment (UBA)—to solve this co-registration problem for change detection in multi-temporal UAV images. In UBA, multi-temporal UAV images are matched with each other to construct a unified tie point net. One single bundle adjustment process is performed on the unified tie point net, placing every image into the same coordinate system and thus automatically accomplishing spatial co-registration. We then perform change detection using both orthophotos and three-dimensional height information derived from dense image matching techniques. Experimental results show that UBA co-registration accuracy is higher than the accuracy of commonly-used approaches for multi-temporal UAV images. Our proposed preprocessing method extends the capacities of consumer-level UAVs so they can eventually meet the growing need for automatic building change detection and dynamic monitoring using only RGB band images.


The authors examined the role of Ca++and ATP-dependent K+ channels in sevoflurane-induced vasodilation in isolated human fetal-placental (chorionic plate) arterial rings. They further studied whether voltage-dependent and -independent Ca2+ channels play a role in arterial vasodilation produced by sevoflurane in this model. The authors demonstrate that sevoflurane appears to block chorionic voltage-operated calcium, KCa++, and KATP channels and exerts a net vasodilatory action in the fetal-placental circulation. The results are particularly interesting because volatile anesthetics were previously shown to open KCa++ and KATP channels in coronary arteries, myocardium, and neural tissue, and these actions have been linked to the cardioand neuroprotection against ischemia-reperfusion injury. Taken together, the present results in fetal-placental arterial rings and those obtained in the coronary and neural circulations may represent a fascinating tissue specificity that deserves additional exploration. The experiments are hypothesis-driven, the data are interpreted correctly, and the manuscript is well written. I've made a number of suggestions below that the authors may wish to incorporate into a revision.


The aim of this study was to conduct a literature review that describes how nurses care measures can help prevent complications that can occur at mealtime situations for patients suffering from dysphagia following stroke. The study was conducted as a literature review with descriptive design, 12 scientific articles were reviewed and summarized under three main headings: Measures to prevent aspiration pneumonia, Nutrition Support and Quality review of articles.The results demonstrate that many of the nurses care strategies decreased the risk of patients with dysphagia experience aspiration pneumonia. It was found a series of compensation strategies and interventions nurses could contribute, including intensive oral hygiene as well as stimulation of the tongue and mouth with ice or other cold objects which stimulate swallowing reflex. Other measures were correct sitting position and custom texture of food and fluid and dietary supplements. The results of the present study indicated that nurse training was necessary for proper feeding technique and the dietary recommendations were followed, it also demonstrated there was a suitable instrument for nursing skills in screening for dysphagia. Furthermore, the result indicated that emotional support from the nurse was important at mealtime situations. The conclusion was that knowledge about nursing care measures in eating habits resulting in fewer complications in patients with dysphagia.


The AI Act has been recently proposed by the European Commission to regulate the use of AI in the EU, especially on high-risk applications, i.e. systems intended to be used as safety components in the management and operation of road traffic and the supply of water, gas, heating and electricity. On the other hand, IEC 61508, one of the most adopted international standards for safety-critical electronic components, seem to mostly forbid the use of AI in such systems. Given this conflict between IEC 61508 and the proposed AI Act, also stressed by the fact that IEC 61508 is not an harmonised European standard, with the present paper we study and analyse what is going to happen to industry after the entry into force of the AI Act. In particular, we focus on how the proposed AI Act might positively impact on the sustainability of critical infrastructures by allowing the use of AI on an industry where it was previously forbidden. To do so, we provide several examples of AI-based solutions falling under the umbrella of IEC 61508 that might have a positive impact on sustainability in alignment with the current long-term goals of the EU and the Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations, i.e., affordable and clean energy, sustainable cities and communities.


The quality of the university journal reflects,from one side,the Professional work quality and the ability of the editor. From the point of the editing science,not all the literates,such as the specialists or scholars of a certain science or the persons specializing in Chinses or with higher learning experiences and higher post,can do the editing work well.They must study earnestly,observe and master the basic theory and the applying techniques of the editing and grasp the standards,requirements and correlative technique of the editing business.Only in this way can they make the journal into one close to the society, and with its own special characteristics and of higher quality.


The Stewart platform has characteristics of low natural frequency, antagonistic design objectives and always no analytical expression of both objective functions and constraints which make it difficult to obtain optimum performance with high dynamic performance. Compared with the traditional adopting indices such as manipulability, stiffness, dexterity, accuracy, etc., lowest natural frequency in the total workspace and ratio of maximum and minimum frequencies at typical configurations are developed as dynamic stability and isotropy indices respectively to improve the dynamic performance of Stewart platform. Evolutionary Multi-objective Optimization (EMO) was introduced synthetically considering the dynamic stability index, isotropy index and global dimensionally homogeneous Jacobian matrix condition number. Two typical EMO algorithms are applied for solving the Multi-objective Optimization Problem (MOP), and the algorithms performance was compared. The results are valuable in designing a Stewart platform for well dynamic capability. Keywords-Stewart platform; dynamic performance; MOP; EMO; optimal design


A model is presented of the Colorado beetle life cycle, with transfer functions from each development stage to the next (egg, larva, pupa, adult). Calculated results have been matched with field observations. In its developed form, the model can be used to forecast the amounts of chemical treatment for different districts of USSR, using 10-day average temperatures and precipitation. A preliminary forecast is made in October for the following year, and refined in June on the basis of observed meteorological data.


We suggest a two step procedure to estimate a dynamic factor model. We show that, in a stationary dynamic framework, static factor analysis leads to consistent estimators and allows to build an asymptotic test of the relevant number of factors. Once this number is set, the model can be estimated through a Kalman filter. We then apply this procedure to the French industrial business survey, in order to build a composite index.


343 Background: The population of prostate cancer (PCa) survivors has grown over the recent decades, with many reporting long-term treatment-related physical, emotional, and financial adverse effects resulting in greater psychological distress compared to males without a history of PCa. This study analyzes the prevalence of psychological distress among PCa survivors and its impact on emergency room (ER) utilization and overall survival. Methods: We identified a cohort of 3,453 PCa survivors from the 2000-2018 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) linked to the National Death Index Mortality Files through Dec 31, 2019. Deaths that occurred during the first two years of follow-up were excluded from analyses to minimize the likelihood of reverse causation. The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6) was used to quantify psychological distress. Severe, moderate, and none/low mental distress have been validated for thresholds K6≥13, 13> K6 ≥5, and 5> K6 ≥0. Its association with self-reported ER utilization during the 12 months preceding the survey and all-cause mortality was estimated using weighted multivariable logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards regression, respectively. Models were adjusted for age, sex, race, educational attainment, comorbidities, region, year of survey, smoking status, health insurance, functional limitations, and time since cancer diagnosis. Results: Among the 3,453 PCa survivors (mean [SD] age 68.5 [7.2] years; 2479 (77.9%] non-Hispanic White, 655 (14.1%) non-Hispanic Black; median time since cancer diagnosis:5 years), 435 (11.3%) and 96 (2.4%) reported moderate and severe psychological distress respectively. PCa survivors with psychological distress tend to be younger, less educated, single, and with multiple comorbid conditions, and functional limitations. 812(22.8%) of PCa survivors visited the ER during 12 months preceding the survey. During a median follow-up of 81 months, 937(25.5%) of survivors died of all causes. After adjusting for covariates, PCa survivors with severe psychological distress were at a higher risk of ER utilization and all-cause mortality than those with moderate or no distress. Conclusions: Psychological distress was associated with increased risk of ER utilization and all-cause mortality among PCa survivors. Greater efforts are needed to understand, recognize, and alleviate such distress, as well as to enhance social and mental/physical health support in this rapidly growing community of vulnerable cancer survivors. [Table: see text]


Music source separation from a sound mixture remains a big challenge because there often exist heavy overlaps and interactions among similar music signals. In order to correctly separate mixed sources, we propose a novel Fine-grained Cycle-Separation Network (FCSN) for vision-guided music source separation. With the guidance of visual features, the proposed FCSN approach preliminarily separated music sources by minimizing the residual spectrogram which is calculated by removing preliminarily separated music spectrograms from the original music mixture. The separation is repeated several times until the residual spectrogram becomes empty or leaves only noise. Extensive experiments are performed on three large-scale datasets, the MUSIC (MUSIC-21), the AudioSet, and the VGGSound. Our approach outperforms state-of-the-art approaches in all datasets, and both separation accuracies and visualization results demonstrate its effectiveness for solving the problem of overlap and interaction in music source separation.


Ph chromosome negative myeloproliferative syndromes (MPN) are a heterogeneous group of Ph chromosome negative myeloproliferative syndromes (MPN) are a heterogeneous group of hematological malignancies including essential thrombocythemia (ET), polycythemia (PV) and hematological malignancies including essential thrombocythemia (ET), polycythemia (PV) and primary myelofibrosis (PMF). primary The The MPN SAF or MPN 10 (Myeloproliferative Neoplasm questionnaire is a validated tool for assessing the symptoms Symptom Assessment Form) questionnaire is a validated tool for assessing the symptoms presented by patients with MPN, and their evolution during treatment. presented by patients with MPN, and their evolution during treatment. Aims: Aims: To assess the impact of comorbidities and response to treatment on the symptomatology of patients with MPN assessed by MPN SAF. Methods: Methods: This is a study carried out in our hematology department, which involved patients monitored and treated for MPN . We used the MPN SAF questionnaire wich includes 10 items, rated from 0 to 10, in relation of the MPN symptoms burden. Comorbidities were assessed using the CIRS score (Cumulative Illness Rating Scale). Statistically, ANOVA and log rank tests were used to study the impact of comorbidities and response to treatment on MPN SAF score. The tests are significant if p < 0.05.


As a kind of garden in the city,zoo should have its particular plant layout.The special functions of plant layout in the zoo were analyzed,based on which Fuzhou Zoo is taken as a case study to discuss the plant layout of zoo,including plant layout in the zoo and the exhibition areas,which can be a reference to other zoos.


BACKGROUND: Radical neck dissection is a reliable method of treating patients with head and neck cancer; it carries
substantial morbidity and complications. This surgery has become a routine in many oncological centres but knowledge
of possible complications and their management is a must for treating surgeons
METHODS: In this study 60 patients undergoing neck dissection as elective or therapeutic, comprehensive or selective, as a sole procedure or
combined with other surgery, with or without other modalities of treatment were selected and managed and all the complications were critically
analysed.
RESULTS: A total of 26 complications (43.3%) occurred in this study. There were 7 cases of thoracic duct injury (11.6%), 5 cases of post
operative chyle leak (8.3%) and 2 cases of RLN injury (3.3%) and 1 case of injury to main trunk of facial nerve (1.6%), 2 patients had temporary
paresis of marginal mandibular nerve (3.3%). Post operatively marginal necrosis of skin flap was present in 8 patients (13.3%) and 1 patient had
facial and glottic oedema (1.6%).
CONCLUSION: Despite the best planning, complications can still occur but their impact can be minimised by a vigilant and proactive emphasis
in the entire peri-operative period.


This report investigates the influential factors that affect drivers' compliance with en-route guidance advice at intersections. Using a travel simulator, the following possible influential factors were analyzed for their impact on drivers: en-route guidance characteristics, the subjects' personal characteristics, and whether or not incident information and congestion information are provided.


We study the notion of complexity for dynamical self-gravitating (dissipating as well as non-dissipating) structures with anisotropic fluid configuration, under f ( G , T ) = G + α G 2 + λ T gravitational model. Here, G and T symbolize the Gauss–Bonnet invariant and trace of the stress-energy tensor, respectively. To address the evolution of the dynamical celestial body, we impose two conditions on the system, i.e., the quasi-homologous (i.e., Q H ) condition and zero complexity factor ( C F ) condition. Under the above-mentioned conditions, different solutions to the f ( G , T ) gravitational equations are proposed. Some of the given theoreticalmodelsillustratetheevolutionofnon-staticstructureinwhichthecenter( r = 0)of the system is enclosed by a void, while some of them characterize the dissipative anisotropic matter configurations in which the fluid fills up the entire system. Few of the stellar models fulfill the Israel junction conditions, while others satisfy the Darmois matching conditions.


The outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia make the economy of our country and even the whole world has suffered great losses,however, due to the limited travel of consumers during the epidemic period, the catering industry under the midline of various industries is the first to be hit, many large-scale offline catering enterprises in the outbreak of cash flow tension, capital chain fracture and so on, more small and medium-sized offline catering enterprises are directly out. This study comprehensively elaborated the optimization method of risk management and control scheme for catering enterprises offline under the epidemic environment,form a complete risk identification and assessment,develop response plan, optimization system of risk control scheme for implementation of control measures and evaluation of management effect, in order to provide a good reference for offline catering enterprises.


Dr Maria-Cristina Ciocci of the GirlsInSTEM programme discusses the challenges that still need to be overcome to get more girls interested in science, technology, engineering and maths.


Although 71% of the youth who applied for the Cultivate Africa's Future (CultiAF) project – Expanding business opportunities for youth in the sh and poultry sectors in Kenya – had an ambition to become agricultural entrepreneurs, they had limited knowledge and skills to carry out agriculture as a business. Young women are also less likely to have the resources required to start businesses compared to young men. This 'gender gap' in resource access hinders women's productivity and reduces their contribution to the agricultural sector, and to the achievement of broader economic and social development goals (FAO, 2011).


structure; for, since the year 1560, upwards of sixty treatises of merit have been wholly or partially devoted to this subject. But, in the first place, to the rapid manner in which lecturers generally hurry over this part of their course; and, in the second place, to the want of institutions placed under the direction of competent surgeons, in which the student might see as much of the diseases of the ear as might interest him in the study of it, and receive the instruction necessary to enable him to engage in this branch of his profession, with benefit to the community and satisfaction to himself. If to these we add, that the anatomy, physiology, and pathology of the organ very seldom form any part of the examination which the student undergoes before the medical boards of this country, it will not appear wonderful that, with no stimulus


This article emphasizes the importance of designing the pedagogical process in the system of higher education and the stages of its design. The article also outlines the factors that influence the structure of the pedagogical process, that is, taking into account limitations and indications, the content of educational and scientific-practical needs, the organization of the educational process, and the degree of acceptance of the content and acceptance of pedagogical principles by students. НамДУ илмий ахборотномаси Научный вестник НамГУ 2019 йил 4-сон 365


The invention discloses a medicine for treating gallstones. The medicine consists of the following Chinese herbal medicinal raw materials in parts by weight: 60g of lysimachia christinae hance, 45g of radix isatidis, 25g of mirabilite, 70g of fructus forsythiae, 40g of radix scutellariae, 15g of aristolochiae lignum, 7g of radix bupleuri, 15g of root of red-rooted salvia, 12g of rhizoma corydalis, 7g of nutgrass galingale rhizome, 12g of fructus toosendan, 20g of angelica, 7g of radix paeoniae alba, 5g of poncirus trifoliate, 25g of curcuma aromatica, 10g of fingered citron, 30g of radix astragali, 15g of chrysanthemum, 15g of felwort, 30g of serrate rabdosia herb, 7g of oriental wormwood, 27g of plantain herb, 10g of rhizoma alismatis, 16g of talcum, 5g of liquorice, 20g of lygodium japonicum, 25g of gardeniae, 15g of curcuma zedoary, 10g of amur cork tree bark, 20g of costus root, 22g of silybum marianum, 8g of poria cocos, 25g of dendrobe, 35g of hawthorn and 20g of pericarpium arecae. The medicine for treating gallstones has the advantages of being free from side effect, low in price, high in recovery rate, low in recurrence rate and rapid to become effective.


This paper introduces 'ubiHome' which is a testbed for applying ubiComp-enabling technologies to smart home environments. 'ubiHome' guarantees benefits in various senses. Firstly, 'ubiHome' provides distributed computing environments where contexts are directly exchanged between Sensors and Services without any centralized context-managing server in most smart home environments. Secondly, 'ubiHome' manages user conflictions by exploiting user's priority in terms of context. Finally, 'ubiHome' provides a personalized service that autonomously takes appropriate action by exploiting an individual's situation rather than general conditions applicable to all users. We illustrate the usefulness of 'ubiHome' by implementing a number of sensors and applications that have been prototyped using the ubi-UCAM. We also demonstrate how such a 'ubiHome' can support the investigation of important research challenges in the area of ubiquitous computing.


A hundred white balloons in a totally dark room are fl oating in space like the atoms of a molecule. They are moving up and down slowly and gracefully. The balloons appear as fl oating spheres, forming three-dimensional pixels arranged in a 10x10 grid. The pixels combine together to make a larger form. The weightless objects are representing three-dimensional digital data sets in a dynamic display sculpture composed of physical particles. The interactive ballon ballet is built out of synchronized movement and lighting. A screen based interface telecommands the balloon ballet in sync to a chosen musical piece. The user can control the movement and lighting of each balloon independently. Morphing 3D shapes and patterns are blended with an overlay of supporting or counteracting light animations. The " electric moOns " installation is probably the world's largest physical 3D display.


In order to establish the impact of antisexist language proposals on the Spanish language, questionnaires were administered to discover factors that can obstruct or facilitate the elimination of linguistic sexism. Issues that were investigated included speakers' perceptions about sexism in Spanish, speakers' opinions about the relevance of language reform and speakers' reaction to antisexist lan-guage proposals. Despite the challenges faced by feminist linguistic campaigns, some positive changes in reactions to nonsexist language suggestions were found. This paper reveals that these changes are encouraging indicators of the potential success of language reform attempts.


This paper aims at analyzing and discussing representations in a group of future teachers as regards their views about learning and teaching the Portuguese language and contrast their views to an official document: the Curriculum Guidelines of the State of Parana. Based on Discourse Analysis concepts, we propose to confront personal written testimonials with this document in order to identify, through linguistic materiality, how elements involved in the constitution of their imaginary of the Portuguese language and its teaching are connected to the bases of this official document. Focused on language and teaching-learning practices in terms of images, we consider that the subject and the senses are socio-historically and ideologically constituted in discursive processes. Regarding the comparison between curriculum guidelines and future teachers' discourse, we can identify an identity that shows lack of  knowledge of the mother tongue and the proposition to acquire the desired thorough knowledge of the language by means of much effort and dedication.


Sarcastic stories and comments against the representatives of various intellectual professions is a highly conspicuous phenomenon in the high Abbasid and Buwayhid periods. While the experts of Classical Arabic grammar appear to have been special targets of such jesting in the literature of those times, we also find lots of texts in which other "serious" disciplines and their specialists (like the study of hadīth and Islamic jurisprudence, etc.) are singled out for ridicule. Examining the sources of irony in these anecdotes, jokes and poems, the article seeks to identify the common element of the texts in question in the fact that the jesting is almost always directed against the pedantry and solemnity of the scholars, whereas gaiety, common sense and frivolity are portrayed as attractive alternatives. All this might be interpreted in the context of the huge social changes taking place under the Abbasids: it is reasonable to suppose that simply the new, highly civilized, urbanized and frivolous literary culture is reflected in these texts, which, no longer content to mimic earlier, more solemn models of Speech, lifestyle and culture, sought to manifest itself much more freely in literature as well as other spheres of cultural activity. These transformations, however, seem to have been limited to the educated elite, and one probably should not interpret our texts as the voice of the common people in literature.


The standard of a completely described experiment for CFD validation is demonstrated by using experimental and numerical models of swirling jets as an example. The experiment is designed to contain relevant physics (e.g. swirl) but without regard for generality or direct scaling to realistic geometries. Also, the design allows for direct measurement of the inflow (mean and statistics). The swirling jets experience vortex breakdown, have non-symmetric inlet profiles, and have Reynolds numbers of 3650, 2560, and 550 with Rossby numbers of 0.63, 0.59, and 0.73 respectively. The two larger Re cases resulted in turbulent flow inside the jet conduit upstream. All of the jets became turbulent rapidly after leaving the exit. It is demonstrated that the numerical simulations will provide more accurate results when the inlet conditions of these non-symmetric swirling jets are fully described.© 2009 ASME


This writing is done with the aim of knowing how the provisions of children outside of marriage are recognized according to the Civil Code (KUHPerdata) and how the rights and positions of children outside marriage are recognized as inheritance according to the Civil Code. By using the normative juridical research method, it can be concluded that every child born outside of a legal marriage bond is a child outside of marriage. Based on the provisions of the Civil Code, children outside of marriage are deemed not to have any legal relationship with their parents if there is no acknowledgment from the father or mother, thus if the outside child is recognized and followed by the legalization of the child from the parents, then he or she can inherit the inheritance from the parent. admit it, and of course the distribution of inheritance based on law. Based on the Marriage Law, namely Law Number 1 of 1974 (Article 43 paragraph (1)), even illegitimate children who are not recognized automatically have a civil relationship with their mother and their mother's family. The rights and position of out-of-wedlock children in relation to the inheritance of the parents who admit it on the child legitimacy are basically the same as the legal children. The recognized and legalized illegitimate child is truly an heir who has the same rights as a child born in a legal marriage. Judging by civil law, the distribution of inheritance has been determined based on the groups of heirs.


The generalized smoothed boundary condition theory, based upon an original idea of Biot's [M. A. Biot, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 44, 1616–1622 (1968)], and developed after 1979 by Tolstoy, offers a flexible and straightforward technique for obtaining simple, formal solutions for low‐frequency sound scatter from distributions of scatterers of arbitrary shapes and properties of any type at liquid/liquid or liquid/solid interface. In special cases such as a perfectly hard wall with perfectly hard bosses or cylindrical corrugations, the boundary condition enables one to recover well‐known solutions. After a brief review of prior successful applications to the interpretation of rough boundary model experiments, it is shown how the method can be applied to the reflectivity and phase problems for a plane wave incident upon a thin rough plate satisfying the Germain equation on the surface of a liquid. The predictions of the theory are found to agree well with recently reported model work [T. P. McClanahan and O. I. Dia...


The complex dynamics characterizing deformable terrain presents significant impediments toward the real-world viability of locomotive robotics, particularly for legged machines. We explore vertical, robotic jumping as a model task for legged locomotion on presumed-uncharacterized, nonrigid terrain. By integrating Gaussian process (GP)-based regression and evaluation to estimate ground reaction forces as a function of the state, a 1-D jumper acquires the capability to learn forcing profiles exerted by its environment in tandem with achieving its control objective. The GP-based dynamical model initially assumes a baseline rigid, noncompliant surface. As part of an iterative procedure, the optimizer employing this model generates an optimal control strategy to achieve a target jump height. Experiential data recovered from execution on the true surface model are applied to train the GP, in turn, providing the optimizer a more richly informed dynamical model of the environment. The iterative control-learning procedure was rigorously evaluated in experiment, over different surface types, whereby a robotic hopper was challenged to jump to several different target heights. Each task was achieved within ten attempts, over which the terrain's dynamics were learned. With each iteration, GP predictions of ground forcing became incrementally refined, rapidly matching experimental force measurements. The few-iteration convergence demonstrates a fundamental capacity to both estimate and adapt to unknown terrain dynamics in application-realistic time scales, all with control tools amenable to robotic legged locomotion.