Aerosol Optical Properties is important for earth's surface. Aerosols can affect the earth's surface depending on its chemical and physical properties. These can be by scattering and absorption process. The goal of this research is to develop a simple and portable system that can measure aerosol optical properties in the atmosphere. This research will be used for air pollution monitoring in the Philippines. The people involved in air pollution research may use the data gathered from this device especially the aerosol optical properties. The research focuses on developing a five-channel LED-based sunphotometer to measure direct sunlight at specific wavelength bands. Also, a microcontroller-based data acquisition will be developed for the sunphotometer. There will be a tracking system that can point the sunphotometer directly to the sun. With the use of Langley method, the researchers will be able to calibrate the LED sunphotometer. Correlation of data was done with the data of sunphotometer with ground-based systems. The aerosol optical depth data is collected using the device and other surface-based sunphotometers. The researchers got 0.75 which means high correlation. The aerosol optical properties using LED channel sunphotometer is comparable to the commercially available sunphotometer.


"The Chinese National College English Curriculum Requirements"(2007)entails a revolution of the traditional teacher-centered teaching model by making full use of multimedia and internet technology.The present study assumes a Data-driven learning(DDL)perspective to design a data-driven teaching model for the college"Movie English"course in Guangdong University of Foreign Studies.The model includes four parts:corpus preparation,corpus training,teacher-guided in-class activities,and afterclass learning exploration.This research not only provides a new orientation for the reform of the"Movie English"course,but also enriches the studies on college English teaching models.


Abstract Gareth Evans and others have argued that our intentional attitudes are transparent to facts in the world. This suggests we can know them by looking outwards to the world rather than inwards to our minds. Richard Moran uses this idea of transparency in his account of self-knowledge. Critics have objected to his account on several counts. For example, Jonathan Way has argued that irrational attitudes can give ordinary self-knowledge when they are not transparent and that there are rational attitudes that are not transparent. I argue here that these objections fail because Way does not fully consider the two different kinds of self-knowledge, 'ordinary' and evidence-based, that differentiate the two stances that Moran claims a subject can have towards his attitudes. It is the differences between these two stances and the implications of these that motivate Moran's account, rather than whether the formed attitude is rational or irrational, as long as the subject avows it from the deliberative stance, focuses on the attitude's object and conforms to the transparency condition as Moran sets this out.


Pipeline vibration in aircraft hydraulic systems has drawn more attention in recent years. There are still a lot of problems unresolved in the field, due to the complex non-linearity of fluid–structure interaction. Two-dimensional stress analysis of pipeline in an aircraft hydraulic system has been carried out in this study. As the classical theory on the fluid-filled pipe is based on one-dimensional model, a two-dimensional model has been developed to study the stress distribution around the section vertical to the pipe axis, which affects the fatigue life of the pipeline. Influences of curvature and stress concentration have been included in the model. Three-dimensional finite element method model for a pipe section between the pump and the first pressure filter in backup system of the aircraft hydraulic system has been constructed to improve the one-dimensional theoretical model. Simulation and experimental results can match each other well in stress analysis. Some discussion about the parameters in the developed theory model is given.


This article examines the role of copyrights in contemporary media literacies. It argues that, provided they are ethical, young people's engagement with text should occur in environments that are as free from restriction as possible. Discussion of open culture ecologies and the emergent education commons is followed by a theorisation of both literacy and copyrights education as forms of epistemology - that is, as effects of knowledge producing discourses and practices. Because Creative Commons licenses respect and are based on existing copyright laws, a brief overview of traditional copyrights for educators is first provided. We then describe the voluntary Creative Commons copyright licensing framework ('some rights reserved') as an alternative to conventional 'all rights reserved' models. This is followed by an account of a series of workshop activities on copyrights and Creative Commons conducted by the authors in the media literacy classes of a preservice teacher education program in Queensland, Australia. It provides an example of a practical program on critical copyrights that may be adapted and used by schools and other higher education institutions.


This article analyzes potential counterclaims of a State in an investment arbitration. Thus, the authors make a general revision of the fundamental concepts of investment arbitration focus in ICSID proceedings. On that basis, they verify thepossibility to support the State's counterclaim in the consent of the investor in its different manifestations. Finally, the authors develop the problems of invoke a violation of human rights as basis of the State counterclaim.


Ecological factor observing is significant since the most recent couple of decades. It has gotten critical to screen the agrarian conditions for different factors, for example, temperature, dampness, mugginess alongside different components can be of more hugeness. Computerized plant checking framework comprises of a criticism control framework that utilizes observing of natural parameters such as soil dampness, temperature and moistness are estimated which assumes a significant job in by and large advancement of the harvest and great yield. Preservation of water and another asset can be accomplished by enhancing these parameters. A customary methodology for estimating these elements in an agrarian situation implied people physically taking estimations and checking them on different occasions. Right now observing frameworks utilizing remote conventions utilized by various specialists for the advancement of rural yield with most ideal advances is assessed. The paper likewise audits the different sensors accessible to screen above natural parameters and spotlights on shrewd plant checking to suite such sorts of end applications.


We report a joint theoretical and experimental investigation on the effect of TiO2 protonation on the interfacial electronic coupling and injection rates in organic dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs). We model the electronic structure of different organic dye-sensitized TiO2 cluster models at different degrees of surface protonation and experimentally show the enhancement in the photocurrent generation upon the acidic treatment of the substrate. By merging theory and experiments, we elucidate the role of TiO2 protonation on the relative alignment and electronic coupling (injection rates) between the dye's lowest unoccupied molecular orbital and the semiconductor conduction band states, also in relation to the different electronic structure of the anchored dye (length of conjugation, conjugated vs not conjugated anchoring group). The photocurrent enhancement observed with TiO2 protonation is attributed to a combined effect of both red-shifted absorption of the protonated TiO2 films and to an overall improve...


The purpose of this study was to investigate the gelatinization properties of potato starch heated with microwave. Two types of potato starches were prepared; In group A raw potato starch was heated with microwave and in group B potato starch was isolated from potato heated with microwave. Both groups were exposed to the microwave energy in a 560W, 2,450 MHz oven for 60, 120, 180 and 300 seconds. Gelatinization behaviour by DSC made a few differences according to the ratio of starch to water. As the microwave heating time took longer, gelatinization temperature and gelatinization were decreased in and melting was increased in group A. Whereas they were increased in group B. In both groups, maximum viscosity in gelatinization by Brabender amylogram was decreased by microwave heating. Then the peak of the maximum viscosity was shifted to higher temperature and cold viscosity was slightly increased. In group A, viscosity in gelatinization and light transmittance by NaOH was increased in initial stage and gel volume in gelatinization by KSCN was decreased. On the other hand, in group B, viscosity by alkali was slightly decreased, but light transmittance by NaOH was almost never changed. Gel volume is decreased like group A.


Data assimilation (DA) has developed into an important method in Earth science research due to its capability of combining model dynamics and observations. Among various DA methods, the particle filter (PF) is free from the constraints of linear models and Gaussian error distributions. Thus, it is now receiving increasing attention in DA. However, the particle degeneracy still remains a major problem in practical application of PF. In this paper, an improved PF is proposed based on ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) and the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method. It uses an EnKF analysis to define the proposal density of PF instead of the prior density, thus reducing the risk of particle degeneracy. Furthermore, when particle degeneracy happens, resampling is performed follow by an MCMC move step to increase the diversity of particles, thus reducing the potential of particle impoverishment and improving the accuracy of the filter. Finally, the improved PF is tested by assimilating brightness temperatures from the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer (AMSR-E) into the variance infiltration capacity (VIC) model to estimate soil moisture in the NaQu network region at the Tibetan Plateau. The experiment results show that the improved PF can provide more accurate assimilation results and also need fewer particles to get reliable estimations than the EnKF and the standard PF, thus demonstrating the effectiveness and practicality of the improved PF.


According to the foreword, this volume grew out of a series of &dquo;Easterweek&dquo; conferences among German-speaking researchers in test theory. It is apparent that there is -vigorous activity and important developments in test theory in West Germany and in Austria; unfortunately the volume does not indicate the academic affiliations of the contributors. The volume is addressed not only to the German-speaking &dquo;insiders&dquo; but also to all who might be interested in the topic. The question I consider here is the extent to which it would be profitable for researchers in English-speaking countries to make the effort to study these materials, all written in German. As the editor points out, many of the contributors have published in English-language books and journals. The focus is on &dquo;probabilistic&dquo; test theory, which is claimed to originate mainly in the work of Rasch (1960/1980) and early contributions of Fischer (1972, 1974). [In point of fact, workers in test theory, for example Tucker (1946), dealt with probabilistic models in the 1940s or even earlier.] The editor admits that &dquo;modern test theory&dquo; became popularized with the publication of Lord and Novick's s


In the famous cave metaphor of Plato,education is a craft that spurs on human soul turning to be good.He indicated the essential difference between educated man and uneducated man,which provided insight into exploring the nature of education.Modern education ignores the essential characteristic that spurs on the soul turning,but only settles for the body's need and its turning,which is a predicament of modern education.Educational reform shouldn't only satisfy with fashionable educational concept,but should pay attention to the issue about education nature and the education of human soul.


People in Werba village, Fakfak Regency, and Papua live in a plurality of religions with a high religious tolerance. Within a family, there can be three different religions: Protestant Christianity, Islam and Catholicism. Interfaith marriage is accepted and practised as a matter, of course. In the construction of a house of worship, there are committee members from other religions. This lifestyle seems to be influenced by the local culture. This study aims to describe the influence of culture in a pluralist lifestyle with high religious tolerance. The method used is descriptive-qualitative. The data collection technique was interviews with informants from traditional and religious leaders in Werba village, Fakfak District, Papua. The results showed that the basic pluralist life and religious tolerance in Werba village were influenced by the local community's powerful kinship system. The main philosophy is one stove of three stones which means one family of three religions. Kinship, kinship, brotherhood is the primary basis of social life, including religious life.


Abstract The defect microstructure of NiO scales, formed by oxidation of pure Ni substrates at 1275 K in 3 kPa p(O2) for times between 5 s and 25 h, has been studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of sections cut and thinned parallel and transverse to the NiO/Ni interface. It has proven possible in both sectioning techniques to preserve portions of the Ni substrate, so that the NiO/Ni interface itself could be studied. The NiO/oxygen interface was additionally retained in transverse sections by electroplating a Ni layer onto the NiO scale surface before sectioning and thinning by argon ion bombardment. The microstructure of scales invariably comprises a submicron layer of fine-grained NiO topotactically related to the substrate in several orientation relationships and overlaid by thick columnar-grained oxide resulting from subsequent renucleation and competitive growth. Enhanced oxidation is observed at the emergence of NiO grain boundaries at the scale surface. Interface structure is observed ...


Considering the disparate political and social contexts of Brazil and Portugal, the significant differences in the organization and scope of the More Education and School Full Time Programs, we did not aim to promote a comparative study of them, but to carry out an analysis of these education policies in full time, dialoguing with both, pointing out some similarities and differences. The More Education Program was aimed at elementary schools (1st to 9th grade) from low Ideb and / or located in regions of social vulnerability and promoted the selection of students according to criteria defined in their official documents. The School Full time Program covered all the schools / students in mainland Portugal from 1st cycle (1st to 4th year) of basic education. The study analyzed the Programs considering: 1 Doutora em Educação pela Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp), Brasil, firstname.lastname@example.com 36 PROGRAMA MAIS EDUCAÇÃO (BRASIL) EM DIÁLOGO COM O PROGRAMA ESCOLA A TEMPO INTEIRO (PORTUGAL): DISTANCIAMENTOS E APROXIMAÇÕES REVISTA AMAZÔNIDA, 2017, ANO 02, No 03, p. 35 – 55 (ISSN: 2527-0141) the legal framework, the justification of the governments for its implementation, the operationalization and target audience/ scope, the educational times and places, the curriculum, professionals involved and sources of resources. It was a qualitative study, supported by a bibliographical review and documentary analysis, that investigated two governmental programs, with different organizations, but with the same intention: to guarantee the improvement of educational results, as a way to reduce educational inequalities among learners, even if it had to admit the presence of the private sector in its implementation and sharing of actions.


Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) is an important temperate fruit crop and a regular dietary part of millions of people around the world, due to its delicious taste and pleasant flavor. It is a short-day herbaceous perennial plant belongs to the family Rosaceae, can be grown successfully in the day and cold night temperatures of 22°C to 25°C and 7°C to 13°C respectively (De and Bhattacharjee, 2012). The cultivated strawberry is a hybrid between two octoploid species, Fragaria chiloensis Duch. and Fragaria virginiana Duch. (Bowling, 2000) with the diploid chromosome number of 2n=56 (2n=8x, octa ploidy) having a basic chromosome number of x=7.

https://www.ijcmas.com/9-7-2020/K. H. Lakshmikanth, et al.pdf


Fossil wood of the Winteraceae from the Upper Cretaceous sediments of James Ross Island, Antarctic Peninsula, is described here for the first time. The specimen is characterized by the absence of vessels, rays of two distinct sizes and tracheids with one–three rows of circular bordered pits, mainly on the radial walls, grading to horizontally elongate and scalariform. Despite anatomical conformity to the family Winteraceae, the fossil wood is not identical to any one extant genus and therefore has been assigned to the fossil organ genus Winteroxylon Gottwald with which the fossil shows greatest similarity.


Objective To explore the treatment effect of sodium phenobarbital on cerebral injury of neonates with asphyxiation. Methods The neonates who had asphyxiation were given with 15 mg/kg within 6 h after birth, 5 mg/kg after 12 h, twice a day, for 3~5 d. Results The incidence rate of cerebral injury, such as hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and intracranial hemorrhage, in the prevention group is lower than that in the control group. There was significant difference between the two groups (P0.05). Conclusion It is advisable to treat the neonates with asphyxiation early with sodium phenobarbital.


1. Backgrounds and Purpose : Pruritus, one of the most common dermatological symptoms, was clinically examined with a view to a better understanding of its characteristics for more accurate treatment. 2. Method : For 22 months from November in 1997 to September in 1999 we selected outpatients who had consulted for itchiness more than twice in the department of Sasang Constitution of the Pundang Oriental medical hospital, Dongkook University, and 59 of those (35 males and 24 females) were confirmed of their course of treatment. From their medical records and history, we learned the general characteristics and patterns of pruritus, and the qualities and effects of its various treatments. 3. Result and Conclusion : Pruritus was more complained by men than by women and the largest age groups were 20's and 30's. For its suffering period, the duration of 1 month to less than 1 year was the greatest, and most patients had already experienced western medical care. Itchiness affected them almost day and night. In addition, many patients had abnormal bowel habits as a general symptom. According to Sasang Constitution, the Soeumin gave sleep disturbance and indigestion; the Soyangin showed a different pattern in their tongue coatings and bowel habits; the Taeumin had different tongue coatings and sweating pattern. The commonly prescribed herbal formula for pruritus was Gakhangjungisan, Yangkyuksanhwatang, Chungsimyonjatang. As for their efficiency, 61.0 % of patients improved, whereas 39.0 percent did not. Patients aged over 30 showed a more significant improvement than those of 20 years or under, and the duration of less than 1 year was more significantly improved than that of 1 year or more. Those who had no experience in western medical care or had been continuously treated showed a more significant improvement than those with intermittent treatments, and severe pruritus was more significantly improved than mild pruritus.


We present results from three-dimensional, self-gravitating radiation hydrodynamical models of gas accretion by planetary cores. In some cases, the accretion flow is resolved down to the surface of the solid core – the first time such simulations have been performed. We investigate the dependence of the gas accretion rate upon the planetary core mass, and the surface density and opacity of the encompassing protoplanetary disc. Accretion of planetesimals is neglected. We find that high-mass protoplanets are surrounded by thick circumplanetary discs during their gas accretion phase but, contrary to locally isothermal calculations, discs do not form around accreting protoplanets with masses 50M⊕ when radiation hydrodynamical simulations are performed, even if the grain opacity is reduced from interstellar values by a factor of 100. We find that the opacity of the gas plays a large role in determining the accretion rates for low-mass planetary cores. For example, reducing the opacities from interstellar values by a factor of 100 leads to roughly an order of magnitude increase in the accretion rates for 10–20 M⊕ protoplanets. The dependence on opacity becomes less important in determining the accretion rate for more massive cores where gravity dominates the effects of thermal support and the protoplanet is essentially accreting at the runaway rate. Increasing the core mass from 10 to 100 M⊕ increases the accretion rate by a factor of ≈50 for interstellar opacities. Beyond ∼100 M⊕, the ability of the protoplanetary disc to supply material to the accreting protoplanet limits the accretion rate, independent of the opacity. Finally, for low-mass planetary cores (20M⊕), we obtain accretion rates that are in agreement with previous one-dimensional quasi-static models. This indicates that three-dimensional hydrodynamical effects may not significantly alter the gas accretion time-scales that have been obtained from quasi-static models.


Genetic diversity is an important breeder's tool for selection and improvement in crop cultivar development. Any successful breeding program depends on selecting superior quality parents. Lack of genetic diversity limits the potential of the breeder in selecting elite parents. Genetic uniformity predisposes cultivars to many pests and diseases and can make the adapted germplasm pool genetically vulnerable as it is evident from the past hence, there is a need for expanding and improving the genetic base of upland cotton. Our study was designed to study the effect of exotic germplasm introgression on agronomic and fiber quality traits of the adapted cotton gene pool. We developed eight populations derived from crossing two exotic parents (TX 245 and TX 1419) with four adapted cultivars (FM 966, PM 1218, Deltapearl and SG 747). In each population we developed five combinations with 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 percent exotic germplasm. We tested the experimental material using RCBD with two years, two locations, five blocks and two replications. Across populations, no significant difference was observed for days to first flowering, lodging percent and bolls per plant, whereas seeds per boll, seed cotton yield and lint yield had no significant difference up to 25 percent but upon further introgression significant decline was observed. However, lint mass per seed and lint percent declined significantly with increase in exotic germplasm introgression. Fiber properties declined significantly with increase in exotic introgression except for fiber elongation and short fiber content. Fiber elongation improved significantly with increase in exotic percentage.


The effects of a pnt::Tn5 insertion mutation on the growth of strains lacking phosphoglucoisomerase or glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase were examined. The results support the idea that the energy-linked transhydrogenase is an important source of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate for Escherichia coli under some conditions.


Summary form only given. One of the main drawbacks of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) is undesirable lasing in many transverse modes. Their excitation depends on distributions of both parts (real and imaginary) of the complex index of refraction, i.e. on both the index guiding and the gain guiding effects, which in turn are related to profiles of temperature and carrier concentration. The comprehensive self-consistent model of gain-guided (GG) VCSELs is used to determine the above profiles.


[Objective]To evaluate the effect of deratization with 0.075% cumatetralyl,0.1% diphacine-Na of anticoagulant of the first genaration and 0.005% bromadiolone of anticoagulant of the second generation.[Methods]Two villages which had same environment were selected at the place between rural area and city area.Deratization was carried out in villages with the bait poisons of cumatetralyl,diphacine-Na,bromadiolone and 13% diphacine-Na used as basic powder by one-time bait giving method.The methods of 36 check,S-100 check were used to evaluate the effect of deratization.[Results]The deratization rates at the tenth day after giving the bait poisons of cumateralyl,diphacine-Na and bromadiolone were 82.69%,82.32% and 84.87% respectively.The differences of Cumatetralyl and bromadiolone(u=1.16,P0.05),cumatetralyl and bromadiolone(u=0.21,P0.05),bromadiolone and diphacine(u=1.36,P0.05) had no statistic significance.The on-the-spot deratization rate with bait poison prepared with the basic powder of diphacine-Na for 2 times were 91.03% and 87.40% respectively.Compared with original powder of diphacine-Na(89.55%),there was no statistical significance(u=0.87,1.08,P0.05).[Conclusion]The raticide of anticoagulant of the first and second generation both had the good effect to kill rattus.


Objective To investigate the protective efficiency of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) on lung injury in severe acute pancreatitis (SAP).Methods SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups:(1) Sham operation (S) group,(2) SAP group,(3) LMWH treatment (LT) group:LMWH was administrated 4 hours after SAP model was constructed.The levels of serum amylase,endothelin1(ET-1),tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α),lung wet/dry weight ratios,pulmonary morphology,the expressions of P65mRNA and P65 protein in pulmonary specimens were detected at 1d after the models were set up,and the 3 days survival rate in each group was also observed.Results (1) The levels of serum amylase,TNF-α,ET-1 in SAP group were significantly increased than those in S group and LT group (all P0.001),and the level of serum amylase in LT group was significantly increased than that in S group (P0.05).(2) The expression of P65 protein and P65mRNA in pulmonary specimens of SAP group was significantly lower than that in S group and in LT group (all P0.05).(3)The lung wet/dry weight ratio in SAP group was significantly increased than that in S group and LT group (all P0.001).(4)The inflammatory cells infiltration,hyaline membrane and increase of pulmonary microvascular permeability in alveoll in SAP group were significantly serere than those in LT group.(5) The 3 days survival rate in SAP group (25.0%) was significantly lower than that in S group (100.0%) and LT group (87.5%) (all P0.05).Conclusions LMWH therapy can improve the survival rate of SAP,and might be related to the amelioration of the lung injury by down-regulating the levels of cytokines release through suppressing the activity of nuclear factor kappa B and improving the pulmonary microcirculatory by down-regulating the level of serum ET-1.


Abstract Objective. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of cardiometabolic dysregulations and their somatic treatment regimens in a group of psychiatric patients treated with antipsychotics. Methods. In a naturalistic cohort study, baseline cardiometabolic parameters were measured in 543 outpatients. After one year, a second assessment was performed in 220 patients out of the total sample. In addition, it was investigated whether in patients with somatic comorbidities adequate treatment was prescribed. Results. In this cohort, about half of the patients fulfilled the criteria for metabolic syndrome. Only a limited number of patients, however, received pharmacologic treatment for individual risk factors: About 19% for hypercholesterolemia, 26% for hypertension, and 52% for diabetes. Non-treated patients were significantly younger than treated patients. Follow-up data show that the course of the cardiometabolic parameters can be dynamic. Conclusions. Cardiometabolic risk factors are highly prevalent in psychiatric patients treated with antipsychotic drugs. Unfortunately, adequate treatment of cardiometabolic comorbidity in these relatively young patients is seriously hampered. Thus, specific guidelines for psychiatric patients have to be developed taking into account the high cardiovascular risk at a relatively young age and potential pharmacokinetic interactions between psychotropics and somatic compounds. Moreover, integration of psychiatric and physical health care systems for patients with mental disorders is urgently needed.


The properties of gabion mesh Role properties are examined by the indoor pull-out test,the dynamic features of reinforced gabion retaining wall analysis are studied through shaking table test,analyzing the destruction under seismic loading and the failure law of its ground breaking pressure,to find out the worst part of reinforced gabion retaining wall under seismic loading and provide Related measures for enforcing the wall.Geo-Studio software,using an artificial coupling finite element numerical simulation model,compares analytically the results of shaking table model test and the finite element numerical simulation with the same size,to further study the dynamic characteristics of reinforced gabion retaining wall,Study reinforced gabion retaining wall system in the overall force system gabion retaining wall and the wall reinforcement effects.


Under icing conditions,helicopter rotor is prone to icing.The rotor icing menaces the safety of the helicopter seriously,so the blade must be protected from icing.Through the analysis of external heat fluxes,the critical velocity was calculated for a given blade at ultimate state of icing when surface temperature was 0℃.The protected range along spanwise was then determined to be 0~95% form blade root to tip.By calculating the droplet impinging characteristic, the protected range along chordwise form the leading edge was then determined to be 12% along the upper surface and 33% along the lower surface.On the basis of the results,the configuration and structure of the heating system for a rotor blade can be designed.


Published results on packed columns and some additional original data on semi-technical columns filled with Raschig rings are presented in a form permitting correlation of H.E.T.P. values with packing diameter, rate of liquid flow and liquid viscosity.


According to epitaphs of the Tang Dynasty disentombed in recent years,historical materials about the life stories and family background of 31 Jinshi's,who had been recorded by Meng Er-dong(孟二冬)in his book Supplements to Dengkejikao(登科记考补正),was added and studied in this article.


Municipal wastewater has recently attracted interest in relation to anaerobic wastewater treatments. Biogas production with co‐digestion of mixed substrates has been proposed and has many potential benefits for municipal wastewater. The aim of this research was to assess the performance of biogas production during co‐digestion of municipal wastewater and food waste under semi‐continuous and continuous operation with various hydraulic retention times (HRTs). A laboratory‐scale continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) at room temperature operation (27–32°C) was employed in this research. The highest methane yields of 167.41 ± 66.52, 194.35 ± 85.44, and 214.81 ± 85.44 ml/g‐Vs were found in semi‐continuous mode, respectively, at 30, 10, and 10 days of HRTs with a 10:90 ratio of municipal wastewater to food waste (based on TS). Result finding of optimum condition (10 days of HRTs) presented a methane yield of 485.58 ± 82.35 ml/g with continuous operation. Hence, food waste has practical implications for use as a co‐substrate with the optimization condition of HRT and operation mode for biogas production from municipal wastewater.


Summary

Neural tube defects (NTDs) annually affect an estimated 320 000 newborns worldwide. Folic acid (FA), provided through supplementation and fortification, is an effective primary-prevention strategy for NTDs if consumed in the periconceptional period. However, the potential impact of FA supplementation is tempered by low compliance. Countries that mandate FA fortification of wheat flour report an average reduction of 46% in NTD birth prevalence and favourable benefit : cost ratios of 12–48:1. Despite the well-documented benefits of fortification and the new evidence that provides a better understanding of purported risks associated with FA, European countries have yet to embrace this public health initiative. Viable primary-prevention strategies are needed given that an estimated 4500 NTDs occur in the 27 countries of the European Union annually, of which 72% end in terminations. Many existing factors will facilitate the success of FA flour fortification programs in the region: widespread consumption of wheat-based products, a technologically advanced milling industry, experience adhering to and monitoring food safety measures, and familiarity with mandatory food fortification.


IMPROVEMENT OF LOCAL RURAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION WOULD BE GREATLY FACILITATED BY THE SOLUTION OF FOUR BASIC PROBLEMS, WHICH ARE (1) A GENERAL UNDERSTANDING OF THE PROFESSIONAL CHARACTER OF THE QUALIFICATIONS REQUIRED OF THE EXECUTIVE OF THE LOCAL RURAL HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT. THESE QUALIFICATIONS INCLUDE (A) SPECIALIZED KNOWLEDGE OF HIGHWAY ENGINEERING AND (B) A CAPACITY FOR MANAGEMENT. (2) DEVELOPMENT OF USABLE UNIFORM COST ACCOUNTING PROCEDURES, (3) DEVELOPMENT OF CRITERIA FOR MEASURING THE PERFORMANCE OF ROAD EQUIPMENT, AND (4) DEVELOPMENT OF STANDARDS FOR LOCAL ROAD MAINTENANCE. ALTHOUGH THE FIRST PROBLEM IS MORE FUNDAMENTAL THAN THE OTHERS, ITS SOLUTION WILL LIKELY EMERGE AS A BY-PRODUCT OF THE ATTACK ON THE OTHERS. AND THE SOLUTIONS OF THE OTHERS ARE MOST LIKELY TO BE ADAPTATIONS TO HIGHWAY MATTERS OF KNOWLEDGE AND PROCEDURES ALREADY KNOWN AND USED IN OTHER AREAS. IT IS SUGGESTED, THEREFORE, THAT APPLIED RATHER THAN PURE RESEARCH IS INDICATED. A SECONDARY PROBLEM HAS TWO PARTS: (1) HOW MAY LOCAL RURAL HIGHWAY MANAGEMENT BE AROUSED TO SEEK ASSISTANCE, AND (2) HOW MAY THOSE WITH KNOWLEDGE WHICH CAN BE ADAPTED TO THE NEEDS BE BROUGHT INTO EFFECTIVE CONTACT WITH THE NEEDS. IT IS SUGGESTED THAT IMAGINATIVE LEADERSHIP MAY ACCOMPLISH THIS CONTACT AND THAT WAYS OF FINANCING THE PROCEDURE CAN BE FOUND. /AUTHOR/


Abstract - Fresh-cut vegetables are an important and rapidly developing class of convenience foods. Theirstorage life may be greatly reduced due to their high rates of respiration and transpiration and the possibilityof enzymatic and microbiological deterioration. Consequently, the objective of this work was to determine theshelf life and the failure attribute that conditioned the shelf life of fresh-cut spinach treated with chemicalsolutions and packaged in bags with different permeabilities. The shelf life of fresh-cut vegetables wasdefined as the time of refrigerated storage at which any one of the sensory attributes scored below 7 or whenthe microbiological counts exceeded 5.10 7 CFU/g. Fresh-cut spinach was treated with citric acid and ascorbicacid solutions and packaged in mono-oriented polypropylene (OPP) bags or low-density polyethylene (LDPE)bags. Sensory attributes and total microbial counts were evaluated throughout refrigerated storage. Responsesurface methodology (RSM) was used to study the simultaneous effect of chemical treatment and refrigeratedstorage time on sensory and microbiological quality of fresh-cut spinach. A quadratic polynomial regressionmodel was assumed for predicting off-odor, general appearance, wilting, browning, color, and mesophilicaerobic population. Type of packaging film only influenced development of off-odor (p≤0.001) and had noeffect on visual sensory attributes or microbiological counts (p>0.05). Development of off-odor was theattribute that limited shelf life of fresh-cut spinach packaged in OPP bags. On the other hand, shelf life ofsamples packaged in LDPE bags was dependent on a decrease in general appearance or an increase inmicrobiological counts, depending on the chemical treatment used.


Summary This essay proposes that Haarlem genre artist Jan Miense Molenaer created two paintings, only known today from photographs in the Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie (RKD). The pictures depict peasants; two are playing cards, others are observers. Molenaer plausibly used print prototypes after the designs of Pieter Bruegel the Elder, adding observations from life of his present day. The figures are the same in the two pictures, concerning their costumes and gestures. Some slightly differ in their size and emotional reaction in one work with the employment of an extra participant. Repeating protagonists from one painting to the next with little change was a workshop practice Molenaer undertook frequently after he dated his paintings in 1629. It is suggested the artist may have known the prints after the elder Bruegel's inventions through the Antwerp print market, or more directly through Adriaen Brouwer.


This article studies the provisional measure of the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea(hereafter ``ITLOS``) comparing with that of the International Court of Justice(hereafter ``ICJ``). It has been already known that the provisional measure of the ITLOS follows the provisional measure of ICJ`s case law, so to speak, prima facie jurisdiction, contents, procedures and effects. But the provision of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea(hereafter ``Law of the Sea``) makes some differences of the provisional measure of the ITLOS from the ICJ`s in its system and its operation. The provisional measure of the ITLOS has next three characteristics. First, the ITLOS can order provisional measure in order not only to preserve the right of the parties of a suit but also to protect the marine environment. Secondly, the ITLOS`s case law has been conforming the different shape of the provisional measure according to the Law of the Sea, which has it`s own dispute settlement mechanism. Thirdly, the ITLOS has the capacity of developing the provisional measure by complimenting the weak point of it. But we must bear it mind that when innovating the provisional measure, harming to the elementary framework of the provisional measure formed by the ICJ with long lasting accumulation of the practice and case law should be avoided.


This paper introduces simple programming methods through examples, and explores how Windows applications achieve internal CMD command using in the "Run Dialog". In addition the way of using the mouse with parameters can be learned in this paper. The simple programming method, which is as easy and practical as possible, pay more attention to the research of use skills, such as the application in the process running of the background and the operation of logging E-mail.


Rene Wellek 0903-1995) was one of the most famous literary theorists and comparatists in the twentieth-century world literary circle. Knowledgeable and talented, he contributed to the world literary field classical and monumental academic works one after another in his lifetime. Ever since early 1980's when his works including Theory of Literature was introduced into our country, Wellek has exerted extremely profound influence on Chinese literary research and comparative literary studies in the past 20 years. In addition, many of his works have been translated and widely received in China during this period. It is estimated that over 10 different works of his have been translated, some of them with more than two different translated versions, and the published volume totals about 128 000. From the research result, the quotation of Wellek in China has been quite common in the literary circle, including the disciplines of aesthetics, literary theory, literary critics, comparative literature, and even ancient Chinese literature. However, Chinese academic circle has insufficient overall or even 201


During the critical period of novel coronavirus epidemic prevention and control, in order to ensure the quality of online teaching, it is necessary for the educational administration department to select the courses and strengthen the supervision and evaluation. The teaching development center should provide technical support to the online teaching tool platform. Teachers and students need to change the concept of teaching and learning; teachers need to construct online teaching evaluation mechanism. Relevant departments are required to investigate the problems existing in the implementation of online teaching in a timely manner and put forward reasonable suggestions. At the same time, they should remind teachers to pay attention to the reserve of quality video resources at ordinary times, make plans in case of emergencies. Salesforce.com, the US online software services pioneer, led the way in software-as-a-service (SaaS) and platform-as-a-service (PaaS) with its stunning slogan "end software". The study on how to make use of "cloud computing" services to achieve great success has reference and inspiration to the online teaching work of colleges and universities under the epidemic situation.


Context: Transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs) remain a major threat to the patients receiving blood. The incidence of the transmission of various infectious agents has reduced ever since the introduction of various molecular techniques for detection. Aims: The study tried to figure out accurate estimates of risk and trend of TTI over a period of sixteen years, essential for monitoring the safety of blood supply and evaluating the efficacy of the currently employed screening procedures. Methods and Material: A total of 57942 blood donors' records were analyzed for the period from January 2001 to December 2016. Chi-square test (χ2) was used to evaluate the relationship between serological positivity and particular donor characteristics. A P value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Of the 57942 donations, overall prevalence of TTI was 2.7%. Of these, the reactivity rate of hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C, HIV, syphilis, and malaria was 1.8%, 0.42%, 0.2%, 0.31%, and 0.017%, respectively with significant P value (P < 0.05, CI: 95%). Overall prevalence was higher in replacement donors as compared to voluntary blood donors. Trend of TTI prevalence decreased from 2001 to 2016. Conclusions: This epidemiological research on TTI is important for the region, as estimated disease burden based on comprehensive epidemiological research provides the foundation for public policy to ensure an easily accessible and adequate supply of safe and quality blood and blood components to the needy patients.


In Brief Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a common atherosclerotic disease
affecting the quality of life of > 8 million Americans. PAD is
characterized by atherosclerotic stenoses of arteries that supply the lower
extremities and is associated with a marked increase in the short-term risk of
heart attack, stroke, amputation, and death. Adherence to pharmacological
therapies and modification of lifestyle factors, including increasing moderate
physical activity along with supervised exercise, smoking cessation, and a
healthy dietary intake, are central to the successful management of PAD. The
improvement of an adverse cardiovascular risk profile is a proven and crucial
strategy to lower the risk of major morbid and mortal events for individuals
with PAD.


Bio-battery is a battery with paste that is made of natural materials. Bio-battery produce electrical power by using electrolyte cassava pulp and Cu-Zn electrode. Design of bio-batteries are made by 20 cell of dry cell battery type R20S IEC/UM-1/D 1,5 volt and arranged in series. Cassava pulp variation are new cassava pulp and pulp with fermentation for 48 hours, 96 hours, and 144 hours. The measurement of the electrical characteristics using 7 watt LED DC for 12 hours. The maximum voltage when the load is released which genereted by new cassava pulp is 16,76 volt, fermented for 48 hours is 19,28 volt, fermented for 96 hours is 20,00 volt, and fermented for 144 hours is 20,30 volt. The variety of cassava pulp which has the best electrical characteristics is fermented cassava pulp for 144 hours. It could turn on the lamp with bright lights. The results showed that the longer the fermentation time of cassava pulp caused the electrical conductivity was increased.


The paper analyzes tariff-settings by two large countries, in an alternating move, infinitely repeated game. We find that there always exists a ``non-cooperative'' Markov perfect equilibrium in which countries continue to select their individual Nash tariffs. If countries are patient, however, there are also multiple ``cooperative'' Markov perfect equilibria in which countries mix their actions on their tariff space so that the resulting stochastic path indicates gradual tariff reduction with occasional retreats. In such an equilibrium, a country unilaterally lowers its tariff rate, which may be reciprocated by the other country in the future


Background: Prescription of second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) in youths is rapidly increasing globally, despite the potential for significant adverse effects and long-term health consequences. A known adverse reaction resulting from SGAs is metabolic syndrome (MS). Youths exposed to antipsychotics are at higher risk than adults for adverse drug reactions including adverse events such as MS (with weight gain as the most significant adverse outcome) and other long-term endocrinological abnormalities. Lack of timely monitoring for potential adverse effects puts Australian youth at even greater risk. Youths can gain a significant amount of weight after taking antipsychotics even for a short period of time.
Hence, metabolic monitoring of antipsychotics is recommended to prevent short and long term adverse drug reactions, especially in children and adolescents. Despite guidelines' recommendations, health policy recommendation and warnings, adequate antipsychotic metabolic monitoring among youth remains sub optimal causing increase rate of MS thereby leading to increasing burden of illness.
Aims: This thesis aimed to conduct quality improvement programs (QIPs) promoting awareness on metabolic monitoring in youths prescribed SGAs. It was hypothesised that quality improvement programs in the form of synthesis of primary evidence, conducting clinical audits and barriers and facilitators analysis through the perspectives of practitioners, patients and carers will help identify existing gaps and provide strategies towards quality use of SGAs. This was achieved through the following specific objectives:
1. Conduct a systematic review to identify the therapeutic role of youth prescribed SGAs.
2. Conduct a systematic review to identify intervention studies for improving rate of metabolic monitoring of youth prescribed SGAs.
3. Perform a clinical audit to compare paper vs. electronic method of documentation of youth prescribed SGA metabolic monitoring parameters.
4. Perform a second series of clinical audit after complete transformation to electronic system of documentation.
5. Conduct semi-structured interviews with prescribers of SGAs for barrier analysis and to identify key strategies.
6. Conduct semi-structured interviews with consumers (young patients and carers) of SGAs for barrier analysis and to identify key solutions.
7. Communicate findings from objectives 1-6 to key stakeholders (decision makers) at the Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service.
Methods: This thesis comprised a mixed method study design. The systematic reviews were developed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA). Findings were assessed based on Strength of Evidence Recommendation Taxonomy (SORT) ratings and implications were provided for future research and practice. The next step was conducting a clinical audit on comparison of paper vs. recently introduced electronic method of documentation of youth prescribed SGA metabolic monitoring parameters across study sites at the Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service in Queensland State of Australia. This was achieved through a retrospective clinical audit (Paper: July 2012- April 2013 / electronic: January 2016 – December 2016). This was followed by conducting a clinical audit of fully transitioned electronic documentation system, through a retrospective cross-sectional study (1st January 2016 – 31st December 2016) as a component of clinical audit. Data from both audits were analysed using SPSS software. The next step was to conduct interviews. The interviews' questions were formulated based on previous published evidence, aligning with the research aims and discussion with expert opinions and thematically analysed. The questions were then pilot tested and standardised. The semi-structured interviews were conducted with practitioners (psychiatrists), patients (youths who were prescribed SGAs) and their caregivers who all attended Child and Youth Mental Health Services (CYMHS). These interviews focused on barriers to monitoring and strategies to enhance rate of monitoring that could be customised across study sites.
The final step of this research was to disseminate the findings of the clinical audits and the interviews, through unstructured virtual interviews, with key stakeholders (director medical services, director research, Prescribers from the study sites and decision makers) using thematic analysis. Thematic analysis was utilised to identify themes and subthemes withing the participants replies and to ensure consistency among the participants. This was done through NVivo software for coding and development of thematic mind map.
Key findings: The first systematic review highlighted key gaps in existing evidence, these included: insight to efficacy and implications of SGAs in managing Conduct Disorder (CD) in youths, the use of SGAs in youths should be associated with evidence-based periodic metabolic monitoring and need for integration of psychosocial therapy to be part of the treatment plan for the management of CD in youths.
The second systematic review identified following key strategies to enhance metabolic monitoring: periodic reminders for monitoring, recall services (e.g. electronic newsletter, a protocol template) and behavioural interventions (e.g. educational seminars). All these interventions were targeted towards health providers and none of them assessed interventions targeting the young patients.
For the first clinical audit, a total of 310 cases were assessed, of which 51 were paperbased and 37 cases were electronic records respectively. Evidence of paper-based documentation of weight was 43% among participants and was comparable with other published clinical audits (p = 0.07). Poor monitoring rates were identified for parameters that required blood tests. Findings revealed poor rate of documentation at 35.1% (13 cases), 5.4% (2 cases) and 8.1% (3 cases) for weight, lipid assessments and glucose monitoring, respectively based on electronic records.
The second clinical audit screened 780 patients' records through CIMHA (the digital electronic medical records system used at the study sites). Eighty-six records were eligible. The most commonly prescribed SGA was quetiapine which was followed by risperidone. Findings from the second clinical audit also revealed poor rate of metabolic monitoring, with 44.2 % patients not receiving any weight measurements and 18.6 % and 14 % received glucose blood tests and lipid assessments, respectively.
In terms of the semi-structured interviews, 10 psychiatrists identified and reportedbarriers that included lack of available resources, carers' disengagement in their youths' treatments and young patients' refusal to undergo blood tests. Psychiatrists reported strategies to enhance metabolic monitoring relied on organisational support. The interviews with the young patients and their carers revealed that none of them had any concerns or objections to receiving anthropometric metabolic measurements. However, they seemed concerned to undergo blood tests as part of the metabolic monitoring process. Carers reported that youths increased oppositional behaviour towards engaging in a healthy lifestyle had led to increased conflict between them, as well as the increased workload trying to deal with the metabolic monitoring process. In comparison, youths cited their fear of the needles as barrier to undergo the required blood tests. Additionally, youths generally reported that their dislike to healthy foods and exercise being the most common challenge they face while trying to engage in a healthy lifestyle to manage the SGAs resulted weight gain. Carers most commonly reported suggestion was open, proper and constant communication between them and the mental health providers, including information about the SGAs induced adverse effects and education on metabolic monitoring parameters at the baseline and during the course of SGA therapy. Youths provided examples of strategies to enhance their comfort with undergoing blood tests such as getting their blood tests conducted by the same staff who is a skilled and friendly blood collector. The final stage of this thesis was to interview decision makers who are affiliated with Queensland Health and hold strategic roles. Data analysis of the interviews with decision makers revealed two key strategies to enhance the safe use of SGAs in youths. These strategies included: the prevention approach that focused on preventing and minimising the SGAs induced metabolic adverse effects prior to initiation of therapy, as well as provision of holistic care through multidisciplinary teamwork which enables provision of both physical and mental care to the young patients. The importance of organisational support was emphasised by decision makers to achieve those approaches successfully in the lead to provide young patients and their caregivers with optimum healthcare. The thesis recommended a multilevel intervention as a component of QIP for rational use of SGAs for future research.
Conclusion: Metabolic monitoring practice allows early identification of metabolic dysregulation with SGAs thereby informing clinical decision making to mitigate the metabolic sequelae of SGAs. This monitoring is important to achieve successful treatment regimen that involves rational use of SGAs. This thesis identified evidence-based implications, gaps on rate of youths prescribed SGA metabolic monitoring, the barriers to and strategies for metabolic monitoring from the perspectives of diverse stakeholders and communicated findings to the decision makers. The present research findings provide key insights and site-specific strategies as a component of QI development plan towards safe and rational SGA prescribing in a highly vulnerable, complex and severe mental health conditions specific cohort of Australian youths.


The series of articles on scientific progress during the year is intended for the general public, and the section dealing with medicine and surgery will not impress the professional reader. . The political articles are supplemented by sufficient information regarding previous years as to make them intelligible, and the volume should prove most useful to those who wish to understand current events without extensive reading. A comprehensive index makes it most convenient for reference. C. J. C.


The distribution of network information on nanotechnology was searched using Altavista searching engine with the network information on nanotechnology as the study subject.A regression equation of the growth curve for network information on nanotechnology was obtained by analyzing the fitting data with the time serial analysis method using SPSS,which can prove the adaptability of Price exponential law in the growth of network information on nanotechnology.


Behcet's disease is unexplained、a kind of chronicity diseases,which patho - foundation is the minute polyangitis, and has the characteristic of progress,palindromia and multisystem damage.Mouth,skin,genitalia,and eye involvement as part of regular,Cases are normally less,Heart,blood vessels,digestive tract,nervous system,such as less site,Affected organ of the prognosis,Behcet's disease rarely reported in full - term pregnancy,in order to strengthen their understanding,Therefore be reported.


Rational control policies for particulate air pollutants ultimately must consider the particle size distribution. This point is illustrated by a simple example of the inadequacy of regulations based on limitation of total particulate mass emissions from primary sources. A general model for the evolution of the atmospheric aerosol size distribution is discussed for the particular case of an urban area. Conservation equations for particulate matter and nucleating vapour are developed. An important element in the development of the general model is knowledge of the particle size distribution associated with various primary sources of particulate matter. Such primary sources are classified according to the basic aerosol generation process of homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation and comminution.Aerosols from primary sources in which particle generation occurs by homogeneous nucleation are considered to be well aged aerosols, which by virtue of coagulation have reached asymptotic limit or "self preserving" distributions. As a practical matter, however, randomization will alter the asymptotic limit distributions from primary sources. Inherent complications in attempts to characterize the particle size distributions of aerosols formed by heterogeneous nucleation are discussed. Aerosols generated by comminution are known to approach asymptotic limit distributions which in certain cases have the log normal form, although randomization again will alter such asymptotic forms.


Abstract The "7th International Conference on Surface and Colloid Science" (7th ICSCS) will be held on the campus of the UniversitC de Technologie de Compibgne, France, from the 7th to the 12th of July 1991.


The present invention provides a interactive gaming method for interactive a tablet computer and a back cover, wherein the back cover is fixed to the interactive on a tablet computer, having a back cover interactive transmission port for connecting to communicate with the tablet computer, and a plurality slots. Interactive gaming method comprising: determining whether at least one accessory connected to the medal slot interactive back cover; and when there is a connection to the accessory interaction medal back cover, the read data is a predetermined fitting connected medal stored in; accordance with established Accessories medal data identifying the connection; and in accordance with one of the connected accessory medal established data, the application performs a fitting medals corresponding to the connection.


The present field study investigates Indian managers' opinion about stock splits and their motives for issuing them. The empirical findings of the survey reveal that management views stock splits as a tool that enhances trading liquidity. It brings the share price down to a preferred trading range, making the stock more attractive to investors. This results in increased share liquidity. The issuance of stock splits prior to a public offer also improves the marketability of the shares. However, the respondents do not believe that stock splits provide any positive signals about the future prospects of a firm. The major motives for issuing stock splits in India is to improve liquidity of a firm's shares, to bring the share price down to a popular trading range, and to attract new investors. The results also show that around 90% of managers prefer their shares to trade below Rupees (Rs.) 400 (approximately $9, as per the exchange rate in August 2010).


This text invites women to question their own situation, exploring the psychology of mother-daughter relationships through childhood, adolescence and adulthood, and the myths and reflexes that reinforce blame and guilt and prevent change. It gives fresh consideration to the complex role of fathers in mother-daughter relationships and to the shared experiences of siblings, and suggests practical ways of healing rifts and building better relationships. Reaching beyond psychology and history, the book explores the insights of classic and contemporary fiction, from Jane Austen and the Brontes to Virginia Woolf, Colette and Doris Lessing. The interpretations illustrate how mother-daughter conflict is not only necessary but fruitful as an impetus to the creation of our own autonomy and individuality.


year health characteristics. The severity of co-morbidities was graded in respect of clinical signs and pharmacological treatment. Results: The WOMAC values signifi cantly improved in the examination period. However – in spite of the changes in EQ-5D –, it had no infl uence on adherence of feeling sick after total hip replacement. Among the co-morbidities, the cardiovascular diseases had a distinguished role because their prevalence and deterioration showed a close relationship with the subjective health-feeling of the patients. Conclusion: According to our study, we have to consider that in case of signifi cant hypertension, ischemic heart diseases or chronic heart failure even the successful surgery will not improve the general sick-feeling of the patients. Orv. Hetil., 2011, 152, 464–468.


In view of the rapid development of biotechnology, as well as miRNA in the biological sciences have attracted more and more attention, inquiries on miRNA information will have good prospects. The system came into being in this environment, adapt to market demands. On the other hand, Web Service is a wildly used technology. It is with the simple page, simple operation and combined with new technologies such as Web Service technology in biotechnology can be more convenient, faster, and much more about the genetic information to enhance biological productivity in information technology, to speed up the development of biotechnology, so it has good value. In this work, we propose an integrated intelligent comprehensive Web Service portal for microRNA Information System which incorporates multiple existing microRNA information systems.


Traditional study has discovered that natural materials such as wood are scarce and that synthetic materials can serve as suitable substitutes. Polymer chemicals, plant materials, chemical compounds, inorganic compounds, and other corrosion inhibitors all use metals. When technology fails, corrosion is one of the most severe consequences, causing harm to the financial system, natural resources, and people's lives. Natural materials such as wood are scarce, according to traditional research, and synthetic materials may serve as suitable replacements. Polymers as corrosion inhibitors have piqued researchers' attention from both a theoretical and practical standpoint. It has been seen from the research that natural polymer inhibitors exhibits more than 90% efficiency and good surface cover on carbon steel surface. A summary of forms of corrosion, corrosion processes, and recent work on the application of polymer inhibitors on the basis of parameters such as cost, convenience of use, environmental impact, and reliability has been reviewed.


A mutantofEuglena gracilis Z isdescribed thatspontaneously produces irreversibly bleached mutants atahighfrequency. Bleaching only occurs during exponential growth underhighly aerobic conditions. Thekinetics forbleaching andgrowth ofbleached andnonbleached cells suggest thatmutation isinduced bysegregation ofacellular component thatbecomes limiting after several culture generations. Theproperties ofspontaneous bleaching closely resemble the properties ofinduced organelle mutagenesis inE.gracilis andyeast.


Sometime was available for development and improvement for future designs before K pile design was authorized. One of the objectives of this development program va was to improve upon downcomer design. It as evident that the proper approach to the problem lay not in duplication because of inadequate facilities as a means of circumventing the resultant effects of failure, but rather in the adoption of a more logical engineering approach -- analyze the cause of failure, profit from the past operating experience and concentrate upon the removal of these inherent difficulties. Accordingly, a downcomer design embodying a superior method of operation was designed and tested. The design minimizes vibration by dissipation of energy through a series of orifice screens rather than impact loading of large parcels of water and turbulent friction. It greatly simplifies the maintenance problems by designing for essentially complete replacement of the downcomer by ordinary maintenance methods. It provides for very rigid construction of the inlet section and 30 parallel flow paths in the vertical portion and thus the problem of blocking the flow has been eliminated. A detailed analysis of the points is presented in this report.


Editorial note: On February 4, 1992, at a press conference sponsored by a public interest group, Food and Water, Inc., a group of scientists, including Dr. Samuel S. Epstein, presented a statement at the National Press Club in Washington, D.C., criticizing the cancer policies of the National Cancer Institute (NCI), the American Cancer Society, and some 20 cancer centers. A few days earlier, a commentary on breast cancer by Dr. Epstein questioning the widespread use of mammography was published in the Los Angeles Times. We are pleased to present these statements in the Journal, along with a response from the NCI, a response from the American College of Radiology (ACR), and a rebuttal to these NCI and ACR responses from Dr. Epstein.


Experiencing events such as extreme heat, flooding, or wildfires may affect political preferences and voting patterns, but existing evidence is mixed. Further, although scientists attribute the increasing incidence and severity of these events to climate change, it is typically uncertain whether the public makes this connection and, therefore, the channel leading from extreme weather events to political outcomes remains unclear. Here we consider a setting in which this connection was made very salient. We use high-resolution flooding and building-level damage data to identify spatially finely disaggregated effects of a large flood in Germany on pro-environmental voting. The flood's destructiveness and temporal proximity to a general election entailed that media and politicians paid significant attention to the flood, drawing a connection to climate change. Our analysis shows that experiencing damage increases pro-environmental voting, suggesting that first-hand experiences of extreme weather events that are attributed to climate change affect political preferences.


Histochemical patterns of lectin binding during development of the rat vomeronasal organ (VNO) were studied to determine whether glycoconjugates are differently expressed after birth. Three types of lectins, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin (DBA), wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), and Ulex europaeus agglutinin I (UEA-I), were studied histochemically in the rat VNO at various stages post-birth: postnatal days 1 and 7, the preweaning period (4 weeks after birth), and at sexual maturity (8 weeks after birth). The free border of the vomeronasal sensory epithelium was positive for both WGA and UEA-I in rats of all ages; whereas, VNO receptor cells and supporting cells were positive only for both WGA and UEA-I from 4 weeks after birth. DBA reactivity was detected in the free border but less so in receptor cells and supporting cells. WGA and UEA-I, but not DBA, showed similar patterns in various ages. In the Jacobson's gland, WGA, UEA-I and DBA were detected in some acini from 4 weeks after birth but not at postnatal days 1 or 7. Collectively, reactivity for three lectins, WGA, UEA-I and DBA, increased in receptor cells and gland acini during postnatal development, possibly contributing to the enhanced chemoreception in rats.


Analyzes the occurrence of subjective and objective false alerts on board in recent years, in order to prevent similar false alerts. article discusses the cancellation of false alerts in order to remind GMDSS personnel of reducing false alerts and the associated influence.


Water group ions W+ (O+, OH+, H2O+, and H3O+), along with H+ and H2+, dominate Saturn's near‐equatorial magnetospheric suprathermal ion populations. The singly charged, minor heavy ions O2+ and 28M+ were also observed in the suprathermal energy range, but at much lower densities, having ≤10−2 the abundance of W+. From 2004 through 2013, Cassini's charge‐energy‐mass ion spectrometer has measured suprathermal 83–167 keV/e heavy ions at ~4–20 Rs (1 Saturn radius, Rs = 60,268 km). Christon et al. (2013) found apparent O2+/W+ transient and seasonal responses to variable insolation of Saturn's ring atmosphere prior to mid‐2012. A similar seasonal variation in 28M+/W+ (28M+ ~27–30 amu/e molecular minor ions) was suggested but inconclusive. Now with data from mid‐2012 through 2013, we find that both O2+ and 28M+ clearly exhibit seasonal recoveries from mid‐2012 onward. Prominent radial partial number density peaks at ~9 Rs identify W+, O2+, and 28M+ as clear ring current participants. It is presently unclear which part of Saturn's magnetosphere produces the seasonally varying 28M+ component. Dissimilar 28M+/W+ and O2+/W+ responses to a strong late 2011 solar UV burst suggest different seasonal ring‐based photolytic processes.


This study was designed to elucidate problems caused by children a residential care facility for children and by the guardians of the ehildren as well to elucidate the relationships between abnorrnal home. On discharge, 40.99,6 of the children were judged to have abnormal behavior and 59.19'6 of the children were judged to have no abnormal behavior, The abnormal behaviors were (in order offrequency) larce-ny, run away with money, other behavioral problems, and refusal to go to school, The results of analysis of the correlation between abnoumal behavior of children on admission to facility and problems with their showed that a larger number of boys in the behavior" group the abnormal were families in which the guardians had or caused problems, including (in order of frequency) absence of a spouse, physical abuse, indolence-related problems such as child neglect, problems other than mental disorders requiring long-term care, alcoholic abuse, and other problems. The results of analysis also showed that a 1arger number of the "abnor-mal behavior" greup than in the "no abnormal group were in families in which the guardians had or caused problems, including psychological abuse, indolence-related problems such as child neglect, and other problems.


The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is a global financial organization that offers financial support to nations with economic difficulties. There are serious worries about the efficacy of IMF Program conditionality on debtor countries due to the IMF's growing influence through the Extended Fund Facility Program and their performances in developing countries. The conditionality of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) Program is examined in this research in relation to Pakistan's economic governance. Due to its long-term reliance on IMF resources, Pakistan presents an intriguing case study. The influence of IMF conditionality on Pakistan's economy's governance structure and key economic indicators is examined in this study using a broad framework of qualitative elements. The study's findings demonstrate that there is consistently uncertainty in the governance structure and the execution of policy decisions in IMF lending schemes. Due to this deterioration, the country was unable to meet its macroeconomic objectives, such as reducing poverty and controlling inflation, Future perspectives on the research findings recommend that Pakistan's economic policy makers concentrate on their other sources of economic strength rather than solely relying on the IMF Program.


In this paper, the main components and function of rapid medicine dispensing system is analyzed, structure design of automatic feeding device, sloping storeroom, automatic dispensing device and automatic sorting device is completed. The system adopts medicine conveyer working in with manipulator to realize automatic batch supply of the boxed medicine, adopts sloping storeroom as warehouse of medicine to realize dense depositing, adopts dispensing mechanism which includes elevator, turning panel and electric magnet to realize rapid medicine dispensing, adopts sorting conveyor belt and sorting device to send medicine to designated outlet.


We review recent extensions of the kinetic Ising model used to investigate phase separation in binary alloys. Firstly, vacancies are included to model the diffusion of the atoms on the microscopic scale more realistically. These can change the coarsening rate and the coarsening mechanism. Secondly, the lattice is allowed to deform owing to the different sizes of the atoms and the resulting misfit between precipitates and matrix. The deformability of the lattice induces long-range elastic interactions between the atoms. These change the shape, orientation, and arrangement of the precipitates. The growth of the precipitates need not follow the law.


The spontaneous form of subarachnoid haemorrhage has come much into prominence lately and is now recognized as a definite clinical entity. The most important cause is rupture or slow leakage of an aneurism on one of the arteries at the base of the brain, especially in the circle of Willis; a favourite position being the junction of the anterior communicating artery with the anterior cerebral. Such an aneurism is believed to be congenital, due to inherent weakness of the walls of the arteries. It has been shown that at the angle of bifurcation or junction of two vessels


Women National Comission recorded that there are 21% violence behavior in dating with 61 victims.BP3AKB Central Java recorded 12 violence victims in dating is occured in high school.High number of violent behavior in dating  is came from knowledge and attitude to violence behavior in dating  that is not realized and understood by teenager.Female students of X High School in Semarang who experience violence in dating are  48.2%.The purpose of this research is to analyze the relation between knowledge and attitude of teenage girl to violence behavior in dating in X secondary school in Semarang.This research is using quantitative method with cross sectional approach.The population is active student (female) in X secondary school in Semarang with total amount 592 people and 85 samples who are choosen by random sampling method with sample taking technic is propportional random sampling.The source of this data is using primary and secondary data.The data analysis is using univariate and bivariate with Chi Square statistical test (significance level 0.05).Most of the respondents were 17-20 years of age (late teens) (63.5%) and grade level respondents were in grade 10 (35, 7%). Respondents have less knowledge category (62.4%), the attitude of the respondents in both categories (56.5%), infrastructure (56.5%), family support (61.2%), the support of friends both categories (52, 9%) and support teachers (58.8%).The result of Chi Square test found there is relation between age, grade levels, attitudes, infrastructure, family support, and the support of friends as for the knowledge and support of the teachers are not relate to violent behavior in dating inX high school in Semarang.


The cyclic behavior of normally consolidated clays is investigated by conducting a series of cyclic simple shear tests on one-dimensionally and isotropically consolidated kaolinite samples. The response of two types of specimens are evaluated and compared based on tests performed with different cyclic shear stress amplitudes and frequencies. The cyclic stress-strain-pore pressure and cyclic shear strength properties of the clay samples are studied and a simple procedure is suggested to define cyclic yield strength. The results also indicate that there is a threshold cyclic shear stress level below which no excess pore pressure will develop. An attempt is made to develop an empirical procedure to estimate the response of a soil element subjected to cyclic shear stresses for a given number of cycles.


Sports Management is a broad field that involves all aspects of business as it relates to sports. Agents and talent recruiters are high-profile positions within the domain, but sports management jobs are quite diverse and cover a wide range of focuses including: team management, event management, facility management, sports marketing, sports economics and financing both professional and amateur sports, there is a large group of sports management professionals working to facilitate the league, a particular match or even an individual athlete is progress. The main mission of a professional manager in sport organization is to provide totally the number of members of the team of specialists in each field characteristic organizational mission. This paper wants to make the necessary specifications terms often used in sporting organizations (professional or amateur sports club) on the items jobs necessary for the proper conduct of sporting activity, optimal sports performances and not least profitable financial   terms.


Constitution-making and constitutional reform, as recent examples in the European Union and Iraq indicate, cannot succeed unless there is an existing constitutional identity or one in the making. Constitutional identity differs from national identity, but must perforce incorporate aspects of pre-constitutional and extra-constitutional identity. The paper distinguishes between five constitutional models and four constitution-making models and argues that every viable constitutional identity is shaped by some of these or by combinations involving aspects of several of these. Consistent with this, the relevant differences between constitution-making, amending the constitution, revising the constitution, and constitutional reform are substantive and contextual rather than formal, and involve greater or lesser changes to constitutional identity.


This paper describes an ongoing demonstration project that links closed circuit television (CCTV) camera video and data communications from field locations to the traffic operations center (TOC) via satellite. The demonstration system uses satellite communications and video compression equipment to relay real-time digital video signals and digital data to the TOC by means of a very small aperture terminal (VSAT) technology. Two-way communication allows remote control of TOS field devices from the TOC.


The purpose of this paper is to help providers and commissioners develop or remodel services in order to address identified emotional and psychological issues amongst rough sleepers and young homeless people.


Despite the widespread experience with block-based video coders, there is little analysis or theory that quantitatively explains the effect of block size on encoding bit rate, and ordinarily the block size for a coder is chosen based on empirical experiments on video sequences of interest. In this work, we derive a procedure to determine the optimal block size that minimizes the encoding rate for a typical block-based video coder. To do this, we analytically model the effect of block size and derive expressions for the encoding rates for both motion vectors and difference frames as functions of block size. Minimizing these expressions leads to a simple formula that indicates how to choose the block size in these types of coders. This formula also shows that the best block size is a function of the accuracy with which the motion vectors are encoded and several parameters related to key characteristics of the video scene, such as image texture, motion activity, interframe noise, and coding distortion. We implement the video coder and use our analysis to optimize and explain its performance on real video frames.


The invention relates to a quantitative-detection test paper strip for 25-hydroxyvitamin D and application of the quantitative-detection test paper strip and belongs to the field of medical reagents. The test paper strip comprises a sample pad, a combining pad, an NC film, a water absorbing pad and a PVC lining plate, wherein the sample pad is coated with latex microparticles activated by 25-OH VD and/or latex microparticles activated by 1, 25-(OH)2VD; the combining pad is coated with colloidal-gold-labeled anti-25-OH VD monoclonal antibodies and anti-VDBP monoclonal antibodies; the NC film comprises a T line and a C line in sequence; the T line is coated with 25-OH VD-BSA and partially-expressed human VDBP; and the C line is coated with goat-anti-mouse antibodies. With the adoption of the test paper strip, the content of vitamin D in a sample can be quickly and accurately determined without pretreating the sample.


We report the results of a Mg-perovskite/silicate melt and a majorite garnet/silicate melt elemental partitioning experiment conducted at high pressures and temperatures in the synthetic system CaO - MgO - SiO2. Partition coefficients for some refractory lithophile elements (e.g., Sc, Sm) deviate significantly from unity. If Mg-perovskite segregated from a terrestrial magma ocean, it would impart nonchondritic refractory lithophile element ratios such as Sc/Sm to the primitive upper mantle of Earth, contrary to inference based on analyses of naturally occurring samples. Either Earth was never substantially molten at the end of accretion, or segregation of minerals from magmas was suppressed by vigorous convection. It is difficult to avoid melting Earth during accretion so the latter alternative seems more plausible.


This article focuses on an analysis of common understandings of the terms "conflict" and "conflict resolution," giving examples of differing types of conflict. The article then brings to light specific examples from Sri Lanka of ethnic conflict, as a case study. It discusses how language itself should be seen as a human right, as language plays a huge part in empowering members of society and in their ability to contribute to issues of public concern by raising public awareness. Language, conflict resolution, and ethnic harmony are therefore inextricably linked.


In semiconductor high-mix fabs, several technology nodes are run on the same line, using tool types from different generations. In this context, processability is a function defining which products can be processed on a given machine considering the current status of both the product and the machine. So in a high-mix context, having an information system that provides reliable information on processability and that can support the evolution of processability rules is fundamental. In this paper, we analyze the key elements for such a system. Based on the example of the implementation of fab constraints at STMicroelectronics' Crolles300 production unit, we illustrate the consequences of the integration of new processability rules and propose flexible and agile UML class diagrams enabling information system to meet evolution requirements. The approach is validated on real fab data, and its impact is discussed.


In the present work we try to understand the Jazz time feel, by means of a didactic guide that involves activities in the teaching-learning process based on the imitation, the analysis and interpretation of the different genres. In order to contribute to teachers within the teaching didactic process and, on the other hand, the musical development of the students in the interpretative performance, by means of the voice and the corporal expression (independence of palms and feet) that then it can be applied in the development of its performance.KEY WORDS: Didactic guide, Rhythmic and melody, jazz, Time feel.


New vectors in typhlobibliographical activities of Republican Library for the Blind are examined: the Typhlopole full-text database and the retrospective national bibliography «Publications for the blind and visually impaired in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) in 1971–2021».


A pulsed laser photolysis/chemiluminescence (PLP/CL) technique was used to determine absolute rate constants of the reaction C2H+NO2→products over the temperature range 288–800 K at a pressure of 5 Torr (N2). The reaction has a large rate constant that decreases with increasing temperature. It may be expressed in simple Arrhenius form as k1(T)=(7.6±1.0)×10−11 exp[(130±50) K/T], although there is an indication of a downward curvature for T>700 K. A three-parameter Arrhenius fit to the data, which takes this into account gives k1(T)=(9.7±1.5)×10−9T−0.68 exp[(158±65) K/T]. Our experiments also show that the 293 K rate constant is invariant to pressure between 2 and 11 Torr (N2). We have also characterized the C2H+NO2 reaction theoretically. A large portion of the potential energy surface (PES) of the [C2,H,N,O2] system has been investigated in its electronic (singlet) ground-state using DFT with the B3LYP/6-311++G(3df,2p) method and MO computations at the CCSD(T)/6-311++G(d,p) level of theory. Seventeen isom...


The paper presents a survey-based study that aimed to determine the prevalence of anti-patterns in the Scrum software development methodology. A total of 35 anti-patterns were selected from the literature review, and 42 respondents working in software development organizations located in Poland indicated whether they had encountered each anti-pattern in their organizations. The study found that "Unfinished Tasks" was the most prevalent anti-pattern, highlighting the importance of proper planning and task management within sprints. Additionally, several other common anti-patterns were identified, including daily scrums being extended beyond the recommended time, user stories not being fully refined, and the sprint goal not being defined at the sprint planning meeting. The findings of this study provide valuable insights into the current state of Scrum methodology in software development organizations and highlight areas where there is room for improvement.


On the basis of the physiological characteristics of bred milking-buffalo,this paper introduces the feeding management methods of bred milking-buffalo according the following aspects: group dividing,cowshed construction,hybridization timing,breast massage,regular disinfection and feeding in periods,and so on.


Abstract At present the digital divide has started to be considered not so much in the context of Internet access itself or the skills of Internet users, but in terms of Internet performance. The COVID-19 pandemic has revealed that faster Internet made it easier to adapt to the new reality. But not all areas can benefit from good Internet connection. Therefore, the aim of this study is to identify spatial regularities in Internet performance on a local scale. This study is based on a set of data generated by Internet users, collected using the publicly available Ookla Speedtest measurement tool. The information about Internet speed and latency obtained in this way shows the actual Internet speed experienced. The analyses have indicated significant characteristics of the spatial differentiation of Internet performance. First, in the case of the Internet, the core-periphery dimension is not universal and obvious, as regional systems are strongly marked. Second, perceiving the digital divide mainly through the prism of Internet access is an insufficient approach.


During October, 1926, the atinospherio changes were limited to the southern part of the country, and in the meantime in the central zone the weather was settled and hot. Important atmospheric depressions crossed the far southern region and produced bad weather and rains over southern South A4merica between the 1st and 4th the 8th and 12th, and again toward the end of the month, 28th to 31st. The heaviest precipitation in 24 hours was registmered on the 2d at Valdivia, 50 millimeters. Between the 5th and 7th and from the 13th to 87th two iniportant anticyclonic centers were built up over the southern region, causing generally h e weather, but with high winds in the south between the coasts of Chiloe and Arauco Provinces. These winds reached a velocity of 1,000 meters per minute (37.4 m. p. h.) and caused frequent. heavy surf on the coasts of the southern Provinces. Rains were limited to the southern area included between Concepcion and Chiloe Provinces.-TTransZ.


Objective To discuss how to choose time and sequence in cardiac massage of cardiopulmonary resuscitation for heart arrest patients,providing further guidance of clinical treatment and rescue.Methods All 120 patients undergoing cardiopulmonary resuscitation in our hospital were divided into selective-order group(n= 61)and routine group(n=59)from January 2008 to October 2010,which were compared by the resuscitation success rate.Results Sinus rhythm,spontaneous breathing recovery and successful resuscitation of the selective-order group were higher than the routine group with statistically significant difference(P0.05).Death in the selective-order group(35 cases) were less than the routine group(45 cases) with statistically significant difference(P0.05).Conclusion Firstly giving external cardic massage upon instant discovery of heart arrest leads to a higher success rate of cardiopulmonary resuscitation than firstly opening airway cardiopulmonary resuscitation manner.


In aqueous solution, the ensemble of conformations sampled by peptides and unfolded proteins is largely determined by their interaction with water. It has been a long‐standing goal to capture these solute‐water energetics accurately and efficiently in calculations. Historically, accessible surface area (ASA) has been used to estimate these energies, but this method breaks down when applied to amphipathic peptides and proteins. Here we introduce a novel method in which hydrophobic ASA is determined after first positioning water oxygens in hydrogen‐bonded orientations proximate to all accessible peptide/protein backbone N and O atoms. This conditional hydrophobic accessible surface area is termed CHASA. The CHASA method was validated by predicting the polyproline‐II (PII) and β‐strand conformational preferences of non‐proline residues in the coil library (i.e., non‐α‐helix, non‐β‐strand, non‐β‐turn library derived from X‐ray elucidated structures). Further, the method successfully rationalizes the previously unexplained solvation energies in polyalanyl peptides and compares favorably with published experimentally determined PII residue propensities.


The author rejects the opinions about the placement of this fortress at Tyras (Cetatea Albă), Turnu Măgurele or Pietroasele, and gives some new arguments for another solution: the Roman camp of Bărbosi. This placement accords with the strategical position required by the description made by Procopius and also with the fact that Bărbosi was, indeed, a settlement with urban character, i.e. a πόλις, as the source says. Even the foundation in Trajanic age is real. The name Tunis, justified by the aspect of the fortress, replaced in early IVth Century the former name Dinogetia.


The objectives are to : Become a well-rounded management professional : corporate social responsibility, organization theory, economic contemporary Issues, strategic management, business game, internship Acquire the essential tools for business financial decisions : corporate finance, managerial accounting and control, budgeting and control Develop an international perspective on managerial and business issues in France and abroad : international marketing, international human resource management, supply chain management in a global context, international law, international business, involvement in the voluntary sector, french as a foreign language, cross-cultural management, discovering France and french career training Become aware of innovation and entrepreneurial challenges for organizations : creativity challenge, conferences and projects in entrepreneurship and innovation


Backfill is a widely adopted scheduling technique in shared large scale systems. Accurate estimates of walltime of jobs benefit both users and operators of such systems because backfill uses the estimated walltime for scheduling decisions. However, reports on the accuracy analyses have shown that the accuracy is very low, which causes low utilization and long wait time. To overcome this situation, we propose to implement incentives for users to request accurate walltime in scheduling policy. We introduce a measure, named WRSA (Walltime Request Specification Accuracy), which represents the accuracy of requested walltime of each user and propose WRSA-aware backfill where jobs submitted by users with high WRSA are prioritized in scheduling. Through simulation using synthetic and real workloads, we confirm that utilization is improved up to 30% and the incentive for specifying accurate walltime is also improved against existing methods.


In this paper, we proposed an obstacle avoidance method of mobile robot by using lobula giant movement detector (LGMD) method. The LGMD is an identified neuron in the locust brain that responds most strongly to the image of an approaching object such as a predator. As an assistance to the avoidance method, we add a distance measurement algorithm to LGMD method. The measurement algorithm is based on information from camera to detect obstacles and calculate the route for two wheeled mobile robot. Simulation result confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed method.


Nineteen eighty-nine appeared to be an annus mirabilis in Soviet language policy; during that year, nine of fifteen Soviet republics adopted laws that championed the language of the titular nationality. Among these was Kyrgyzstan, a small Central Asian republic where Russian had increasingly marginalized the language of the Kyrgyz.


Studies on computer vision have gained momentum especially with the development of convolutional neural networks (CNN). In addition, the creation of better data sets in terms of quality and quantity, providing access to these data sets, developments in computational power and parallel programming are other issues that affect the achievement of high levels of accuracy. In this study, the concept of computer vision, the factors that make computer vision difficult, the studies that have been done in computer vision until today are summarized. The algorithms developed for this purpose are examined and the studies done in the last five years are analyzed and presented comparatively. With this study, it is aimed to provide a general perspective for future studies.


In a Perspective,
 Miller
 discusses new data on transgenic mice showing that better antioxidative defenses can boost life span in a mammal. Other long-lived mutants, in contrast, resist multiple forms of cell injury, and mutants with low oxidation resistance can nonetheless retain normal longevity. Comparisons among long- and short-lived species could reveal new links between stress resistance and aging.


Cognitive radio sensor networks (CRSNs) have been widely considered to monitor the smart microgrid environment. In such an environment, different applications with various characteristics may coexist in the network. As a consequence, the sensor nodes deployed to collect the generated data need to access the available spectrum resources with different priorities. Thus, achieving a fair channel allocation in the microgrid driven CRSN is a very challenging task. In this paper, we propose a new Distributed Unselfish Spectrum Assignment approach (DUSA) for One-Hop smart microgrid communication network. The proposed approach exploits the promising cognitive radio technology and the heterogeneity of the traffic generated by sensor nodes to satisfy the requirements of the smart microgrid applications. It achieves channel allocation without relying on a predefined common control channel (CCC) to exchange control messages. As DUSA is a distributed approach, it aims to dynamically predict the primary channel availability. Thereafter, each sensor node estimates the buffer occupancies of its neighbors through discrete Markov chains. Unselfish distributed channel allocation is achieved based on a Partially Observable Markov Decision Process (POMDP) formulation. Performance evaluation using the OMNeT#x002B;#x002B; simulator, reveals that DUSA achieves a fair sharing of the spectrum resources and improves the spectrum utilization compared to the CCC-based resource allocation scheme.


The production technology of Sodium alginate and the application as immobilization carrier、densifier、stabilizer were summarized. Some important factors in fluencing entrapment and application foreground of the sodium-alginate were analyzed.


Hiccup is a common symptom among palliative patients. However, its pathomechanism remains little known, which makes effective treatment difficult. The following article presents a patient case study after treatment for gastric adenocarcinoma, in whom untreatable hiccup developed. After exclusion of the most common causes of singultus, attention was drawn to deepening vitamin B 12 , deficiency – macrocytic anaemia. As a result of substitution treatment, there has been a permanent cessation of the ailments. This case suggests that cobalamin can be one of the alternative methods in hiccup management, which would demand further research.