The invention relates to a preparation method of a modified flexible dye-sensitized nanocrystalline solar cell, and belongs to the technical field of solar cells and electronic accelerator applications. According to the invention, ethylene oxide (PEO) and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) are taken as raw materials and are added into a mixture of propylene carbonate (PC) and glycol dimethyl ether (DME); an appropriate amount of titanium dioxide nanoparticles are added and gel state material is formed after uniform mixing at a temperature of 60 DEG C to 80 DEG C; a titanium dioxide (TiO2) electrode with conductive poly vinyl naphthalene (PEN) as a substrate is coated with the gel material and the electrode coated with gel is subjected to electron beam irradiation; after irradiation, a conductive PEN film coated with a high-purity graphite layer is taken as a counter electrode to assemble a sandwich structure; an acetonitrile solution of iodine and potassium iodide is dropped as a redox couple; and the obtained flexible dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) is packaged. According to the invention, compared with a flexible DSSC which is not subjected to electron beam irradiation and is assembled by the same electrolyte, the prepared flexible dye-sensitized solar cell improves the photoelectric conversion efficiency by 5 to 20% in a simulative light source.


Abstract : The objectives, test configurations, and instrumentation implementation of the HARD PAN I test series are presented in three voluumes. Volume I describes the high-explosive test events (5 major and 13 calibration events) performed to obtain experimental measurements of the shock environment in the vicinity of a test structure in a layered geology due to a simulated near-surface neclear detonation. The test geology was clay over interbedded limestone and shale. Structure medium interaction (SMI) data obtained in the test series is to be used in development of prediction codes for use in analyses relating to facility design, modification, and hardness validation and/or assessment. Beam-loaded explosive simulation technique (BLEST), a new technique for high-explosive simulation of nuclear detonation effects, is described. The first use of BLEST was in the HARD PAN I series where it augmented the more precise HEST USED TO PROVIDE DIRECT AIRBLAST LOADING, AND INCREASED TOTAL SIMULATION TIMES AT ACCEPTABLE ADDITIONAL COST. Volume I also includes specific operational plans (safety, communications, security) and data analysis requirements. Volume II (Appendix P) describes the instrumentation systems used to obtain motion, stress, and strain data from free-field and structure locations in the first three major events and the calibration events. Measurements lists are included. Volume III (Appendix P, Continued) describes the instrumenting of the final two major events and lists all measurements.


X and Y are random variables. Person Px knows X, Person Py knows Y, and both know the joint probability distribution of the pair (X,Y). Using a predetermined protocol, they communicate over a binary, error-free, channel in order for Py to learn X. P,y may or may not learn Y. How many information bits must be transmitted (by both persons) in the worst case if only m messages are allowed? 6'l(XlY) is the number of bits required when at most one message is allowed, necessarily from Px to Py. 62(X(Y) is the number of bits required. when at most two messages are permitted: Py transmits a message to Px, then Px responds with a message to Py. em(XIY) is the number of bits required when communication is unrestricted: PX and Py can communicate back and forth. The maximum reduction in communication achievable viajnteraction is almost logarithmic. For all (X, Y) pairs, C,(XJY) >_ [logC1(XJY)l + 1; whereas, for some (X,Y) pairs, Therefore, &,(X[Y) C,(XIY) = rlogCI(XJY)1 + 1. can be exponentially larger than C&(XIY). Yet Cz(XIY) cannot. With just two messages, the number of bits required is at most four times larger than the minimum: for all (X,Y) pairs, &(XJY) 5 4(?(b3(XtY) + 3. This contrasts with communication complexity where, for every m, the number of bits required with m messages can be almost exponentially larger than needed with m + 1 messages. For a large class of (X, Y) pairs, two messages are optimal: 6$(XIY) = 6'm(XIY). In general, however, two messages may require twice the minimum number of bits:_for every c and 6 > 0 there is a pair (X, Y) for which Cz(XIY) 2 (2 ~)Coo(XJY) > c. Surprisingly, for almost all sparse (X, Y) pairs, Py who wants to say nothing must transmit almost all the bits in order to achieve the minimum number: 6m(X(Y). The number of bits transmitted by Py can be appreciably reduced only if Px transmits exponentially more than (?m(X(Y) bits. Permission to copy without fee all or part of this material is granted provided that the copies are not made or distributed for direct commercial advantage, the ACM copyright notice and the title of the publication and its date appear, and notice is given that copying is by permission of the Association for Computing Machinery. To copy otherwise, or to republish, requires a fee and/or specific permission.


Positive end-expiratory pressure, pleural pressure, and regional compliance during pronation: an experimental study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2021;203:1266–1274. 9. Keenan JC, Cortes-Puentes GA, Zhang L, Adams AB, Dries DJ, Marini JJ. PEEP titration: the effect of prone position and abdominal pressure in an ARDS model. Intensive Care Med Exp 2018;6:3. 10. Gattinoni L, Vagginelli F, Carlesso E, Taccone P, Conte V, Chiumello D, et al.; Prone-Supine Study Group. Decrease in PaCO2 with prone position is predictive of improved outcome in acute respiratory distress syndrome. Crit Care Med 2003;31:2727–2733. 11. Gu erin C, Reignier J, Richard JC, Beuret P, Gacouin A, Boulain T, et al.; PROSEVA Study Group. Prone positioning in severe acute respiratory distress syndrome. N Engl J Med 2013;368:2159–2168. 12. Gerbino AJ, McKinney S, Glenny RW. Correlation between ventilation and perfusion determines VA/Q heterogeneity in endotoxemia. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2000;88:1933–1942. 13. Tomashefski JF Jr, Davies P, Boggis C, Greene R, Zapol WM, Reid LM. The pulmonary vascular lesions of the adult respiratory distress syndrome. Am J Pathol 1983;112:112–126. 14. Richter T, Bellani G, Scott Harris R, Vidal Melo MF, Winkler T, Venegas JG, et al. Effect of prone position on regional shunt, aeration, and perfusion in experimental acute lung injury. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2005;172:480–487. 15. Prisk GK, Yamada K, Henderson AC, Arai TJ, Levin DL, Buxton RB, et al. Pulmonary perfusion in the prone and supine postures in the normal human lung. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2007;103:883–894.


There exist various methods to render vector data in 3D applications. One such method is to render the data geometrically, where polyline data is tessellated into some geometry that is rendered on ...


The electron initiated avalanche gain and bandwidth are calculated for thin submicron GaAs n+-i-p+ avalanche photodiode. A model is used to estimate the avalanche build-up of carriers in the active multiplication layer considering the dead-space effect. In the model, the carriers are identified both by their energy and position in the multiplication region. The excess energy of the carriers above threshold is assumed to be equally distributed among the carriers generated after impact ionization. The gain versus bias and bandwidth versus gain characteristics of the device are also demonstrated for different active layer thicknesses of the APD.


In recent times, assertion-based verification (ABV) has become an essential component of the pre-silicon design validation flow. However, the use of ABV to validate descriptions of systems during simulation lacks a proper coverage metric. We consider the task of determining the coverage of a set of assertions against a high-level stuck-at fault model. Such a coverage analysis can aid the verification engineer to add more assertions to enhance his property suite.


With the shift from batch applications to online systems supporting the strategicrole of information, corporate or institutional goals tie directly to the information management functions. This has been true at the Naval Postgraduate School (NPS). Like many other Government installations, the NPS Computer Center has to meet its objectives with less than state-of-the-art hardware. In the early 1980's, the Center employed IBM's 3850 Mass Storage Subsystem (MSS) for online storage of student and faculty data sets. It was installed in December 1980 and performed well for over six years. Faced with IBM's announcement (in February 1985) of the limited future connectivity and compatibility and the increasing maintenance costs, the decision was made to replace the MSS with a hardware software alternative that would use a more modern and reliable architecture. The objective of this thesis is to define the solution, the data set migration process, and describe the early experience with a multi-level, softwaremanaged, storage system.


To defend DoS (Denial of Service) attacks, an access filtering mechanism is adopted in the firewall. The difficulty to define the filtering rules lies where normal and anomaly packets have to be distinguished in incoming packets. The purpose of our research is to explore the early detective method for anomaly accesses based on statistic analysis. We have shown the new detection method for DoS/DDoS attacks using an entropy value with the window of constant time and using a chi-square value with the window of constant packet number in the previous research. In this paper, we propose the new statistical DoS/DDoS detection method using the window of constant packet number. Firstly, the pre-experiment was examined to extract the most sensitive number of the packet to configure the window width of the entropy analysis. As the results, we captured that the window width depends on the type of attacks. Secondly, we compared both the chi-square and entropy values to the differential entropy value calculated by the source IP address. In addition, when pseudo attacking packets were generated in the middle of the normal condition, the chi-square value with 500 window width had a significant difference under the 20 % attack rate of DDoS and 50 % attack rate of DoS. The results showed that each statistic value fluctuated differently. The combinational decision method using three statistical values should be applied to detect the different kind of DoS/DDoS attacks.


Leading edge statistics are obtained by direct numerical simulation(DNS) of freely propagating incompressible and stagnating compressible turbulent premixed flames. Conditional averages of velocities in terms of reaction progress variable, c, and local flame surface density, , are defined and compared through the flame brush. It holds asymptotically that >_f


Frank and Jordan (1] proved an important min-max result on covering a crossing family of set-pairs. As an application, among others they can solve the unweighted node-connectivity augmentation problem for directed graphs in polynomial time. In this paper, we show how to solve the dual packing problem in polynomial time. To decompose a fractional dual optimum as a convex combination of integer vertices, besides the ellipsoid method, we use a polynomial-time algorithm for uncrossing a family of set-pairs. Our main result is this uncrossing algorithm.


The behaviour of a series of stable cyclic aminoxyl radicals in the presence of SDS micelles was studied by EPR spectroscopy. Six different compounds, i.e. two non-phosphorylated and four β-phosphorylated, were investigated. Except in the case of the strongly hydrophilic 3-CP 1, which always remained in the bulk aqueous phase, all the radicals were found to exchange between water and micelles. Their partition coefficients were evaluated from computer simulations of the EPR spectra and in the case of two aminoxyls TOMER-Et 5 and TOMER-Pri 6, the variation of the rate constant with temperature allowed us to estimate the exchange activation energy.


................................................................................................................... iv LIST OF TABLES .......................................................................................................... ix LIST OF FIGURES .......................................................................................................... x CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION .............................................................................. 1 Statement of the Problem ................................................................................................. 2 Research Purpose and Questions ...................................................................................... 7 Defining Terms ............................................................................................................... 10 Significance .................................................................................................................... 13 CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE .................................................. 16 Outside the Scope of the Study ...................................................................................... 17 Theoretical Foundations ................................................................................................. 22 How We Comprehend in the Head, During Reading ..................................................... 26 Comprehension Instruction ............................................................................................ 31 Content Approaches ................................................................................................ 31 Strategies Approaches ............................................................................................. 37 Comparing Content and Strategies Approaches ...................................................... 46 Instructional Choices and Adaptive Instruction ...................................................... 50 Reading Comprehension Assessment ............................................................................. 52 Recent Developments in Reading Comprehension Assessment ............................. 52 Formative Classroom Assessment During Authentic Learning .............................. 56 Determining What to Assess: Sources of Comprehension Breakdown .................. 55


The primary purpose of sequence modeling is to record long-term interdependence across interaction sequences, and since the number of items purchased by users gradually increases over time, this brings challenges to sequence modeling to a certain extent. Relationships between terms are often overlooked, and it is crucial to build sequential models that effectively capture long-term dependencies. Existing methods focus on extracting global sequential information, while ignoring deep representations from subsequences. We argue that limited item transfer is fundamental to sequence modeling, and that partial substructures of sequences can help models learn more efficient long-term dependencies compared to entire sequences. This paper proposes a sequence recommendation model named GAT4Rec (Gated Recurrent Unit And Transformer For Recommendation), which uses a Transformer layer that shares parameters across layers to model the user's historical interaction sequence. The representation learned by the gated recurrent unit is used as a gating signal to filter out better substructures of the user sequence. The experimental results demonstrate that our proposed GAT4Rec model is superior to other models and has a higher recommendation effectiveness.


From the Author 1. English Pronunciation Teaching: Global versus Local Contexts 2. Global and Local Pronunciation Priorities 3. Pronunciation Inside and Outside the Classroom: A Holistic Multimodal Approach 4. Concluding Remarks References


This paper discusses on the influence of the information revolution represented by Internet on the information work, probes into the necessity and urgency of the adjustment of the business institution, technical structure, talents structure and organizational structure made by the information institutions, puts forward some opinions on some relevant problems, and points out that in today's information times the information institutions should make strategical adjustment, take the networking and digitalization as the direction of the construction of the information infrastructure, strengthen the construction of the information resources, intensify the information developing ability and make its products go into the market, and form the information supervisory service trade based on the knowledge, and the information workers must pay great attention to the learning, increase the professional quality and technical skills, and receive the challenge of the information times.


The article presents the main technical characteristic,performance data,equipment layout,ventilation system,electric system,mechanical system and brake system of type HXD1B high-power AC drive electric locomotive.


Laboratory tests were conducted on geologic materials selected for use in covers for waste disposal sites: the materials included fine-grained loess and glacial till, used in covers and liners for waste disposal sites, and various coarse-grained materials used in drainage systems associated with covers. The physical, engineering, and hydrologic properties of these materials were determined in respect to their performance in trench covers. A dual-energy, gamma-ray attenuation apparatus was constructed to measure simultaneously the moisture content and density of a laboratory soil column. Measurements of moisture content during initial experiments indicated that moisture movement in unsaturated materials is inhibited by the presence of an interface between materials of highly contrasting texture as predicted by mathematical modeling. One-dimensional and two-dimensional models were used for computer simulations of moisture movement through several cover designs. The modeling indicated that a layer of coarse-textured, unsaturated material overlain by a layer of fine-grained material, could serve as a barrier to moisture movement. The effectiveness of the barrier is related to the contrast in texture and saturated hydraulic conductivity between the two layers. Where moisture breakthrough does occur, the moisture content of the overlying layer is less than saturation and the pressure head at the interface is less than zero. The simulations also suggested that moisture buildup in the finegrained layer overlying the coarse-textured layer will flow laterally downslope above the interface, prior to breakthrough.


Transparent anatase precipitated glass-ceramics were fabricated using ZnO as a component. The particle size of precipitated anatase is several nanometers enough to possess high transparency. The preparation of the Bi-free transparent TiO2 glass-ceramic was attained by substitution of two different kinds of oxides for bismuth oxide. It is also noteworthy that we have demonstrated the crystallization of metastable anatase in the glass-ceramics as a main phase. The present bulk anatase glass-ceramics will open up an application field for a TiO2-containing photocatalyst.


Password authentication is one of the most convenient and frequently used mechanisms to provide secure remote access control. In this paper, a pairing-based password authentication scheme which draws on the experience of two previous researches is proposed, and the detailed authentication phases which utilise the good properties of bilinear pairing are illustrated. Meanwhile, strict cryptanalysis is made to clarify the good security and functionality features of the proposed scheme in defending various attacks. Besides that, some flaws of a previous scheme are analysed and theoretical comparison of the computation cost with that scheme is made. Furthermore, experiments are conducted properly and the results are shown to explain the high efficiency of the proposed scheme.


Since the time of Esquirol (1838) a discrimination has been made between illusions and hallucinations. The latter are generally taken to be perceptions that spring into being in a primary way and not transpositions or distortions of any genuine perception (Jaspers, 1962). There are, however, various phenomena comparable to hallucinations proper (as defined above), such as various forms of imagery and pseudohallucinations, which may be part of normal experience. This paper is concerned with a comparison of various types of hallucinatory phenomena differentiated on phenomenological grounds.


To the Editors:

In a recent issue of the European Respiratory Journal , Teepe et al. 1 published their interesting observations of determinants of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children in primary care. The authors included 107 children with either radiologically or clinically diagnosed CAP treated as outpatients in four Dutch healthcare centres in 1999–2008, and compared the potential determinants of CAP between the cases and 321 controls from the same area with no CAP during the study period. In adjusted analyses, lower age (OR 1.14), asthma history (OR 3.57) and the number of previous visits for upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) (OR 1.80 for one or two episodes and 2.46 for more than three episodes) were independently associated with CAP. The authors concluded that the association between CAP and the number of URTIs …


The clinical course of delayed-onset postpartum preeclampsia (DPP; initial diagnosis between 48 hours and 6 weeks postpartum in women without previous


Ultrafast transient absorption measurements reveal that the rate constant for photoinduced electron transfer (PET) from colloidal CdS quantum dots (QDs) to alkylcarboxylate-functionalized viologens is independent of the number of methylene groups in the alkyl chain (n). The rate constant for PET is (1.2 ± 0.3) × 1010 s–1 for n = 1, 2, and 3, and for n = 0 (methylviologen). The insensitivity of the electron transfer rate constant to the length of the functional groups on the viologen suggests that a "through-space" pathway, where the electron bypasses the alkylcarboxylate and tunnels instead through only the orbitals of the QD and of the bipyridinium core, is the dominant PET pathway.


Recurrent abortion (RA), affects 5% of women in their reproductive age in the first trimester of pregnancy. Although there are many causes for RA, a definite reason for the repeated miscarriage is still unknown in half of the cases. During placental invasion period, the expression of human protease activated receptor 1 (PAR1) peaks in vivo between the 7th -10th weeks of gestation and completely shuts off thereafter. Also, PAR1 is crucial to many important processes involved in placentation, and its polymorphisms were found to correlate with different diseases and unfavorable pregnancy outcomes. For that we aimed to find out the correlation between Par1 polymorphisms and RA.


The ordered weighted averaging (OWA) operator introduced by Yager is one of the most popular aggregation technique. In this paper, we develop two kinds of argument‐dependent OWA (DOWA) operators including the pessimistic‐dependent OWA (PE‐DOWA) operator and optimistic‐dependent OWA (OP‐DOWA) operator, that point out that the PE‐DOWA operator is decreasing and the OP‐DOWA operator is increasing, and investigate some properties of our proposed monotonic DOWA operators in detail. Furthermore, we introduce the concept of original function in which a gradient vector generates the weights of the PE‐DOWA and OP‐DOWA operators. Meanwhile, we propose two classes of original functions including summing‐type original function and multiplying‐type original function and investigate the sufficient monotonic conditions for the DOWA operators generated by the original functions. Finally, we discuss the characteristics and properties of our proposed DOWA operators in detail and use a numerical example to illustrate the flexibility of our proposed operators.


The invention relates to a hard polyurethane composition with low thermal conductivity and rapid demoulding property. The composition comprises: 1) 100 parts of composite polyethers composed of 40-70 parts of polyethers with cane sugar as a starting agent, 10-50 parts of polyethers with ortho toluenediamine as a starting agent, 3-20 parts of polyethers with glycerin as a starting agent, and 3-20 parts of composite polyethers with a composite starting agent composed of cane sugar and glycerin; 2) 1.0-3.0 parts of a composite catalyst; 3) 10-20 parts of a foaming agent cyclopentane; 4) 1.5-3.0 parts of water; 5) 1.0-3.5 parts of a foam stabilizer; and 6) 130-150 parts of isocyanate with an index of 100-130. The hard polyurethane composition of the invention has demoulding time short to 170 seconds, low thermal conductivity and excellent thermal insulation performance, and can meet the demands for energy saving, environmental protection and production efficiency improvement when used in refrigerator production.


Abstract Good course design relies on an understanding of student needs and demographics. It should also incorporate feedback from graduates familiar both with the programme and the marketplace in which students will be employed. The dynamic nature of the skills mix required of the Information and Communications Technology professions make course design for this group particularly problematic. This paper reports on the demographics and self-reported needs of students in a taught masters programme in Information Management within one New Zealand university. It relates this institution's response to these findings and comments on their wider significance to the sector. The main findings confirm the need for course design to reflect the relative maturity, career focus and sophistication of this student group, and the need for curriculum design to deliver a significant strategic management component to midcareer ICT professionals. They also identify possible handicaps that professional stereotypes might place on career development.


This paper shows the ECG physical signals study and analysis as applied task for physics virtual laboratory work for pupils at secondary schools using modern software platform SAS UE. In this paper, we describe the clusterization algorithm k-means for the ECG signals data mining. An electrocardiogram (ECG) is a non-invasive record of the electrical activity of the heart, obtained from a standard set of skin electrodes and presented to the doctor as an "ECG with 12 leads": that is, 12 graphs of the recorded voltage versus time. The ECG physical signals analysis is really interesting task for virtual physic lessons. The work was performed under the funding of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan (No. AP05135692).


Privacy has been conceptualized as a multi-dimensional construct in prior research. However, most multi-dimensional conceptualizations were developed based on populations from western countries. It remains an open question whether the underlying dimensions of privacy stays consistent in non-western countries. Through a series of factor analyses on two survey datasets, we compare the dimensions of privacy concern, information disclosure, general disclosiveness, and privacy management strategies among social network users in the US, China and South Korea. We find significant cross-country differences in the dimensions of these privacy-related concepts, indicating that the fundamental understanding of these concepts varies substantially across these countries. We discuss possible explanations of these cross-country differences and make methodological suggestions for future work.


................................................................................................................................................. xi 1.0. Chapter One : Introduction ..................................................................................................... 1 1.1. Background Information ........................................................................................................... 1 1.2. Significance of the Study ..................................................................................................... 3 1.3. Research Problem ................................................................................................................ 3 1.4. Research Objective .............................................................................................................. 3 1.5. Main and Sub-Research Questions ................................................................................... 4 1.6. Research Methodology ....................................................................................................... 4 1.6.1. Study Area .................................................................................................................... 4 1.6.2. Sources of Data ............................................................................................................ 6 1.6.3. Research framework .................................................................................................... 7 1.6.4. Population and sampling size ..................................................................................... 7 1.6.5. Methods of Data Collection ......................................................................................... 7 1.6.6. Methods of Data Analysis ............................................................................................ 8 2.0. Chapter Two : Contribution of Soya bean to Women's Empowerment ......................... 9 2.1. Socio-Economic background of Respondents ................................................................. 9 2.2. Benefits of the Soya bean ................................................................................................. 10 2.3. Adoption of Innovations ..................................................................................................... 14 2.4. Women's Empowerment ................................................................................................... 15 2.5. WIAD Programmes and Activities .................................................................................... 17 3.0. Chapter Three : Results ......................................................................................................... 20 3.1. Key Informants .................................................................................................................... 20 3.2. Focus Groups ...................................................................................................................... 22


The activity of glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine], formulated as the isopropylamine salt, on in vitro photosynthesis was investigated. When pH 4.7 glyphosate solutions were titrated to a pH equal to that of the reaction media (pH 7.8), glyphosate additions had no effect on whole chain electron transport between coupled photosystem II (PS II) and photosystem I (PS I) in stroma-free chloroplast thylakoids from peas (Pisum sativum L. 'Morse's Progress No. 9′). Inhibition did not occur even after a 2-h dark incubation of lamellae in a 5-mM solution of glyphosate. Fluorescence studies failed to detect an effect of glyphosate on PS-II mediated electron transport processes or upon light harvesting properties of PS II even after a 2-h glyphosate/chloroplast preincubation. Glyphosate had no effect on cyclic and noncyclic photophosphorylation even after a 100-min dark incubation of chloroplast membranes in a 5-mM solution of glyphosate. Based on these assays it is concluded that glyphosate has no direct effect on the photochemical reactions of photosynthesis when the pH of the active compound is adjusted to that of the reaction mixture prior to addition to a chloroplast suspension.


The ventricular rhythm differs from the auricular, firstly, on the occurrence of a ventricular extra-systole, and, secondly, in cases where there is allorhythmia due to depression of conductivity of the heart muscle. When conductivity is depressed, the contraction stimulus at regular or irregular intervals may be blocked at the auriculo-ventricular muscle bridge; so that whereas some stimuli induce both auricular and ventricular systole, others induce auricular systole alone, the ventricular systole being missed. That condition, incomplete heart-block, is of not infrequent occurrence in the human heart, and has been graphically recorded by Mackenzie (1), Finkelnburg (2), and other writers.


The objective of this study was to determine the relation between dielectric constant and the humidity of six species of wood, by the construction of a capacitor. The material used was non commercialized Amazonian wood, but with high abundance and domination in the National Forest of Tapajos - State of Para, such as: Albizia duckeana (fava-parica), Brosimum sp. (amapa-doce), Chamaecrista scleroxylon (pau-santo), Qualea dinizii (mandioqueira-rosa), Trattinnickia burserifolia(amescla) and Swartzia laurifolia (gombeira). The samples used to determinate the dielectric constant were made with the dimensions of: 4.5 x 4.5 x 1 cm, defined by preliminary tests made at Forestry Products Laboratory (LPF). The values of capacitance were collected by the construction of a capacitor using a digital multimeter, copper wires, and aluminum plates; and the values were collected eight times with intervals of one hour, during the drying process, starting at saturated mass to constant mass. Therefore, with the collected data the regression curves were established between humidity values and the dielectric constant of wood, which showed a strong correlation between the two variables, showing the direct and proportional influence of the humidity over the dielectric constant. Due to the inexistence of direct relation between specific mass and dielectric constant of the studied species, we suggest new studies to explain the relation between those characteristics.


Summary Objective. The objective of this review is to present a structured report on the management of regional lymph nodes in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the penis. Methods. A Medline search with the key words "penile cancer" was per- formed between 2003 and 2008: 980 abstract have been found. Abstracts were organized according to subtitles of the present paper and links were used to find related articles of most interest. Results. The lymphatic drainage of the penis was clarified both consulting old literature and new investigations. The diagnosis of nodal metastases was improved both with old and recent techniques, both in palpable and not palpable regional nodes. Indications and extent of regional lymph node dis- section were clarified in the different clinical situations. Conclusion. Improved technology and knowedge of the natural history of the disease allow hearlier diagnosis and improved medical care. Penile cancer originates in the epithelium of the inner prepuce and of the glands. It is favoured by poor hygiene and it is associated to HPV infection in approximal 50% of cases. Histology and natural history are similar to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of horopharinx, female genitalia and anal canal. Tumour spread is to the inguinal and pelvic nodes, which are the regional nodes. Distant metastases are usually rare and late. Cure depends on control of the primary tumour and of regional nodes. Cure of the primary tumour and early resection of regional lymph nodes metastases are the key for success in the management of pe- nile cancer. The aim of this paper is early detection and treatment of regional lymph node metastases.


To compute multidimensional data, tensor algebra is a powerful tool and it has many applications in machine learning and data analytics. This multidimensional data which is represented with higher-order tensors for multi-aspect data analysis is very sparse for an actual dataset. The degree of data sparsity increases with the increase of dimensionality. This is because the volume of the tensor increases very fast with the increase of dimensionality but the actual data to the tensor does not increase at such a rate for high-performance scientific computing. Storing and applying operations on this highly sparse multidimensional data is a challenge for data scientists. Therefore, an efficient storage scheme for such sparse tensor is very important. There are many storage schemes in the literature for storing sparse tensors. In this paper, we analyze and compare different tensor storage formats using synthetic and actual datasets. We found that no single storage scheme is efficient for all the operations or applications of tensors. We calculated the memory required for per-nonzero elements among these tensor formats and compared them for different parameters.


Sedimentation often takes place in the production of orange juice in PET bottles. The reasons for the sedimentation are analyzed by HACCP and some countermeasures suggested with a view of reducing its appearance. In practical operation, attention should be paid to the selection of stabilizers, the sequence of mixing ingredients and homogenization pressure, etc.


ABSTRACT The growth of science and technology over the world has led to the establishment of various industries which has helped the industrial, technological, and agricultural development of many nations. Environmental pollution from a variety of toxic derivatives, particularly heavy metals and minerals, aromatic molecules and dyes in wastewater posed a great danger to human, plants, and aquatic creatures. Adsorption appears to be the most widely used method among other techniques for the removal of toxic compounds from wastewater. The use of different adsorbents for heavy metal removal has become a subject of great interest, and there have been continuous efforts to develop new, low-cost, and efficient adsorbent materials. Bentonite, in natural and modified forms, has been applied in the removal of different water contaminants. This paper provides a review on recent progress of surface modifications of bentonite and their applications in the removal of organic and inorganic water pollutants. A comparison on the physicochemical characteristics and removal performance was presented. The adsorption mechanisms in relation to the bentonite properties were briefly discussed to offer readers some insight on the usefulness of this clay mineral in wastewater treatment. The challenges encountered and remarks on future prospects were highlighted.


This study discusses about survival strategies of the traditional market in
Yogyakarta City. Conditions of traditional markets in facing the modern market
expansion become the focus of research as a basis formulating survival strategies
of traditional markets. Aspects to determining conditions of traditional markets is
to assess the impacts of modern market expansion to the traditional market in
Yogyakarta City, advantages and disadvantages of traditional markets against a
modern market, the policy response against expansion of the modern market, and
market trends in Yogyakarta City.
The findings are, the traditional markets needs the efforts to maintaining
their life in the middle of modern market expansion. The traditional markets has
limitations quality of services to consumers and limitations infrastructures.
To solve the impacts of modern markets expansion to the traditional
markets are with improving quality of traditional markets services, include market
traders, and infrastructure been the key sources of survival strategies traditional
markets. To implementing of survival strategies traditional markets are involving
the integration and collaboration of government, private, and society.


Batik wastewater produced in the batik industry in Bayat, Klaten Regency, contains chromium and phenol, which pass the wastewater quality standard. This study aimed to evaluate the ability of tuff breccia from the study area to reduce chromium and phenol concentration in batik wastewater. Mineralogical and chemical characterization was conducted to investigate tuff breccia's mineralogical and chemical composition. A batch and regeneration test was conducted to investigate tuff breccia's ability to reduce the chromium and phenol concentration in the batik wastewater. The characterization of tuff breccia indicates that the tuff breccia consists of fragments, minerals (quartz, plagioclase), and clay minerals (smectite and illite). The batch test results show that the grain size of tuff breccia and the pH value significantly influence the ability of tuff breccia to reduce the chromium and phenol concentration in batik wastewater. The regeneration test showed that the tuff breccia would decrease the capability by up to 30 percent after five times of use.


Visitors provide economic benefits to the residents of a region in a variety of ways. Chief among these are the employment opportunities created for those who supply them with goods and services, and the increased income generated by the expenditures of. such employees. Employment created by visitors, however, is usually subject to seasonal fluctuations, and these fluctuations may reduce the net social return from public expenditures that promote and encourage the tourist industry. Thus, it is important to measure and analyze the impact of seasonality on tourist employment and earnings. This paper provides an analysis of the effect of seasonality on hotel and restaurant employees in southeast Florida.


Chicha is one of the most traditional and emblematic elements of Ecuador among other South American countries. Its importance lies not it be an alcoholic beverage, to the indigenous culture is the link used between Mother Earth and communities. His ancestral meaning has been weakened by the nfluence of Westernism distorting its essence, today the word is used to link to poverty, lack of values or demeaning.


s of Interest Can you get lost with propranolol? Transitory spatial disorder with propranolol. Catherine Belin and Pierre Larmande, Tours, France. New England J Med 312:790-791, 1985. This letter to the editor reports a 32-year-old speech therapist who, a month after beginning propranolol 60 mg daily for the prophylaxis of migraine, developed inability to find her way around her bedroom in the dark if she awoke at night. She had other more subtle manifestations of spatial disorientation on her skilled self-examination, but no defects of other neuropsychological functions (i.e., language, memory, gnosis and praxis intact). The problem disappeared when propranolol was stopped, and reappeared when she was challenged with a single 20 mg dose. The authors suggest that the liposolubility of propranolol, which allows it to penetrate the blood-brain barrier, is responsible not only for the side-effects, but for the effects of propranolol on migraine and on stress-induced symptoms. Comment: Propranolol is probably the most widely used migraine prophylactic in the U.S.A. It seems appropriate to publish this reminder that it can have, albeit uncommonly, neuropsychiatric side-effects as well as the more widely known cardiovascular and bronchospastic ones. How many of our headache patients have Alexithymia? Current concepts in pyschiatry. Alexithymia. Ira Lesser, U.C.L.A. New England J Med 312:690-692, 1985. "Alexithymia" describes people who cannot describe their emotions verbally, who seem unable to fantasize, and who report multiple somatic symptoms. When asked about their feelings related to highly-charged emotional situations, alexithymics either describe physical symptoms (e.g., "My headaches got worse.") or they seem not to understand the question. Patients with this disorder can be differentiated from others who have multiple unexplained somatic symptoms. Hysterics describe their symptoms in much detail; they may appear unconcerned about them, but use them to adhere to the physician. Hypochondriacs are persistent in describing their symptoms, "doctor-shop", and are critical of previous physicians. Alexithymic patients usually have neither typical psychiatric symptoms nor overt behaviour disturbance, and thus are not often referred for psychiatric assessment. The following characteristics may be helpful in identifying them: bland monotonous recitation of physical symptoms, vague description of bodily sensations, seeming unawareness of stressors and of emotional antecedents or consequences of the illness, inability to describe emotional feelings surrounding the illness or surrounding events which should be emotionally-charged, and seeming conformity to all prescribed regimens but failure to respond in expected ways. Psychiatric examination reveals no glaring abnormalities. Though co-operative, the patient shows no expression or spontaneity and may appear depressed, though usually he will deny depression. Unlike the overactive fantasy life of the psychotic, that of the alexithymic is constricted. Treatment is aimed at putting the alexithymic in touch with his feelings and giving him an understanding and an acceptance of the relationships between emotions and symptoms. His difficulty with expressing feelings verbally may contraindicate traditional psychotherapy; sometimes a reality-based approach is effective, and sometimes group therapy and/or biofeedback may be helpful. Alexithymic patients can be frustrating to treat, and psychiatric consultation may aid the physician in his dealings with them. Comment: Most headache doctors have a rough-and-ready concept that "What can't come out as feelings usually surfaces as symptoms". This article says it more elegantly. It seems to describe many of our headache patients, and on this basis alone is well worth reading in its entirety. Correspondence and reprint requests to: Ira M. Lesser, M.D., Department of Psychiatry, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Building D-5, 1000 W. Carson Street, Torrance, California 90509.


The work conducted through the years toward development of moisture damage tests is summarized in this paper. Moisture damage has been a major concern to asphalt technologists for many years. Attempts to develop laboratory tests to distinguish between good- and poor-performing mixes in regard to stripping date back to the 1920s. The tests for identifying the moisture damage potential of an asphalt-aggregate mixture can be classified into two major categories: those on loose mixtures and those on compacted mixtures. The static immersion and the boil test, both conducted on loose mixtures, were among the first tests introduced to the paving industry. This was followed by introduction of the immersion-compression test in the late 1940s. This test was conducted on compacted specimens and was the first test to become an ASTM standard in the mid-1950s. Research in the 1960s brought considerable awareness to asphalt pavement technologists of the significant effects of climate and traffic on moisture damage. The significance of these factors was emphasized through the work of researchers such as Johnson (1969), Schmidt and Graf (1972), Jiminez (1974), Lottman (1978), and Tunnicliff and Root (1982). The Superpave system, the product of the Strategic Highway Research Program which was completed in 1993, adopted the standard test method of AASHTO T283 as the required test for determination of the risk of moisture damage. Some agencies have reported problems with this test in terms of correlation between the laboratory results and field observations. Today, it remains a challenge to asphalt pavement technologists to develop a highly reliable and practical test procedure for determination of moisture damage. An important consideration in development and acceptance of a test procedure for moisture damage should be calibration of the test to the conditions for which it will be applied. Some tests have been calibrated and implemented on a local basis (a region within a state). No test has been successfully calibrated and implemented across a wide spectrum of conditions. Reasons for this have been lack of correlation with field performance, a lack of good field performance databases, and problems with the tests such as variability and difficulty of operation.


We map out the solid-state morphologies formed by model soft-pearl-necklace polymers as a function of bending stiffness kb spanning the range from fully flexible to rodlike chains. The ratio of Kuhn length to bead diameter (lK/r0) increases monotonically with increasing kb and yields a oneparameter model that relates chain shape to bulk morphology and yields insights into the packing of anisotropic particles. In the flexible limit, monomers occupy the sites of close-packed crystallites while chains retain random-walk-like order. In the rodlike limit, nematic chain ordering typical of lamellar precursors coexists with close-packing. At intermediate values of bending stiffness the competition between random-walk-like and nematic chain ordering produces glass-formation; the range of kb over which this occurs increases with the thermal cooling rate |Ṫ | implemented in our molecular dynamics simulations. Finally, values of kb between the glass-forming and rodlike ranges produce complex ordered phases such as close-packed spirals. Our results should prove useful for rational design of dense colloidal-polymer phases with desired morphologies.


Ptomascopus morio of both sexes are attracted to vertebrate carcasses, a necessary resource for reproduction. The stage during reproduction that resource defense was most intense and the hypothesis that large beetles were better competitors and sired a larger share of the offspring were supported and tested. Male-male aggression (pushing, biting and mounting) was commonly observed before and during oviposition, but rarely after the larvae hatched. Few female-female aggressive interactions were observed at any time. Parentage analysis of the offspring of six groups of two males and two females each reproducing on a separate carcass revealed that the large males sired more of the offspring than small males. Paternity analysis, using AFLP markers, revealed that larger males had higher paternity than smaller males, but the number of eggs produced by each female did not differ between large and small females. This suggests that competition among males is intense until the end of oviposition and that resident (large) males can acquire more mates and sire more offspring than smaller males; competition among females was not evident at any time.


[1] A data set of closely spaced CTD profiling performed aboard Russian and Polish research vessels during 1993–2009 and numerical modeling are applied to study the variability in the asymmetric transverse structure of salinity/density in the Slupsk Furrow (SF) overflow of the Baltic Sea. The numerical simulations show that, on the one hand, the overflow may be dynamically treated within the SF as a subcritical, eddy-producing gravity current in a wide channel, and on the other, at the sill displays some features peculiar to frictionally controlled rotating flows. Comparison between the field measurements and the simulation results indicates that the variability of the cross-channel density structure is caused mainly by meandering of the gravity current and mesoscale eddies – mostly above-halocline cyclones and intrahalocline anticyclones. The meanders and eddies are found to be strongly affected by the bottom topography and wind-forcing.


The strain of cyanobacterial metabolites were extracted from effluent derived Oscillatoria terebriformis (Ag. VIAT010)and cultivated in the laboratory condition at VIAT (Vivekananda Institute of Algal Technology) through improvised CFTRI medium. Then the lipid were collected through Transesterification process and taken analysis for GC-MS and FTIR. In this result showed that the presence of 5 metabolites with retention time ranging from 16.704 to 22.081. The maximum peak was shown by 1, 2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, mono (2-ethylhexyl) ester (79.42 % ) followed by Phytol (11.37 % ), Methyl (7E)-7hexadecenoate (3.14%) and 9, 12-Octadecadienoic acid (2.95 % ).


There are more and more applications in the world, one of their constituent parts also being digital photography. Images are captured with modern cameras. However, most of these images uses the exact same saving-format.
 Eight bits are used to present each of colour channels for every single pixel of an image, meaning only 256 values are available to present whole dynamic range. This is not enough to present a lot of images, especially those containing dark, as well as very light parts of an image.
 Consequently a new type of images has been being developed – high-dynamic-range images. These are able to present a much higher dynamic range, eliminating problems with over- or under exposed image parts.
 High-dynamic-range images need to be captured first, which raises a lot of questions. The main question is how to do this in the first place. There are more answers: different advanced technologies, using special sensors, or entirely program solutions with multiple capturing at different exposure times.
 Capturing high-dynamic-range images with multiple exposures is made up of more algorithms, which complement each other and together compose a technique, which generates one high-dynamic-range image out of more low-dynamic-range images. First, images need to be aligned, then respond function is found, next images are merged and in the end potential errors are corrected.


A case of photosensitivity with oral contraceptive use (the second every reported) is presented in an otherwise healthy 23-year-old who had 6 incidences of facial dermatitis only when taking Ortho-Novum and when simultaneously exposed to intense sunlight for prolonged periods. Laboratory testing showed that abnormal eruption could be produced by minimal amounts of light in the long ultraviolet portion of the spectrum but only on the face; reaction could also be produced by light passing through window glass. These findings suggest a phototoxic rather than photoallergic response. After discontinuation of the oral contraceptive no further photosensitivity reaction occurred despite frequent and prolonged sun exposure.


In the last twenty five years, economists have devoted considerable research effort to the study of crime and punishment. This article examines the contribution made by economists in two particular areas. First, the economic analysis of participation in criminal activity. Second, the design of "efficient" punishments for convicted criminals. The economic approach to crime and punishment assumes that criminals are rational individuals, who respond to incentives. Empirical analysis, undertaken by economists, tends to confirm this view. Several consequences follow from this, especially in relation to the structure of punishments for (related) crimes. In particular punishments need to be designed so that criminals choose less, rather than more, harmful acts.


The invention discloses a direct-drive high-pressure pumping seal internal-leakage online monitoring method which comprises the following steps: (1) collecting a pressure value near a high-pressure motive seal part on a cooling water channel; (2) calculating a pressure fluctuation amplitude; (3) judging whether the pressure fluctuation amplitude is greater than 1.2 folds of a reference fluctuation amplitude, if so, considering that pressure pulse fluctuation appears, coming to the step (4), otherwise, turning to the step (1); (4) repeatedly carrying out the steps (1) to (3) until the frequency of pressure pulse fluctuation can be calculated; (5) judging whether the frequency of pressure pulse fluctuation is 0.5-1.5 folds of a reciprocating motion frequency of a plunger piston, if so, considering that the high-pressure motive seal part leaks, otherwise, turning to the step (1). The online monitoring method is simple and convenient to operate, and accurate in recognition result; the effect of the external environment factor is small, and the leakage condition of the direct-drive high-pressure pumping seal part can be timely found out.


No one imagines starting a new leadership role, or any role, in the middle of a pandemic. In the summer of 2020, we found ourselves doing exactly that: moving to new states and starting new leadership roles during COVID-19. Starting new leadership roles can be challenging during regular times, but the pandemic added another layer of complexity. Along with worries about moving, housing, and other logistical hurdles, the main questions on our minds were related to leadership. In the spirit of Amanda Clay Power, Martin Garnar, and Dustin Fife's ACRL articles on leadership and book, we opted to interview each other regarding our experiences.


The invention discloses a fuel filter automatic drain valve with an operating state self-detection function. The fuel filter automatic drain valve with the operating state self-detection function comprises a valve body, an electromagnetic valve and a controller, wherein the valve body is fixedly connected with the electromagnetic valve and the controller is connected with the valve body and the electromagnetic valve in an electric mode. The fuel filter automatic drain valve with the operating state self-detection function is capable of automatically detecting water level conditions of water in a fuel filter, achieving automatic drainage when the water level surpasses a limiting value, and automatically and intelligently controlling water drainage time. Therefore, damage to a vehicle due to the fact that water can not be drained in time manually is avoided, fuel is prevented from being drained mistakenly due to long-time water drainage, waste of the fuel is avoided, troubles caused by manual operation are eliminated, a user is prevented from carrying out water drainage operation in a narrow and small space, and intellectualization of the vehicle is improved.


Excelling in the performance of his or her chosen sport is the major aim of any elite athlete. The aim of this study was to understand and determine frequencies of point losing KPIs executed during Karate World 2016 final competitions among world-class karate athletes. There has not been any similar research in Karate KPIs yet. All the 20 final competitions of individual and team matches in World Championship 2014 and 2016 have been downloaded in HD quality. A group consisted of six skillful karate fighters was set to determine point losing KPIs. By the help of Kinovea video analysis software and Excel Microsoft Office 2013 the data of the matches has been recorded. A total number 390 point losing KPIs in the final competitions has been analyzed. The results indicate that "Point winner starts an attack" stands first with 44 out of 390, and the second most point losing KPI occurred when "Point loser starts an attack" with 37 out of 390. Furthermore, "Wrong technique selection" by fighters rated in the third place among point losing KPIs and is also an evidence of speed increase in today's Karate competitions.


The tourism industry can not be separated from the transport industry, the use
of modes of transport by land, sea, and air is fundamental supporting the tourism
industry. Modes of land transportation is still the mainstay for tourists to visit
attractions. The use of buses and travel is frequently used mode of transport to reach
the tourist objects in Indonesia. In the increasingly fierce competition, companies
requires to recognize the condition of the internal and external environment because it
can indirectly affect the survival of the company in the future. With the growing
number of travel agencies in the Kudus City and the surrounding areas has been
followed by the increasing needs of the society abaout mass transportation, one of
which is a tourist bus.
From these two giving references to PO Nusantara to be able to make the
strategic analysis in order to obtain proper alternative strategies and competitive
strategy that can be implemented as a strategic step in the face of increasingly
competition between PO that adapted to the environmental conditions of the
company.
This study uses the SWOT analysis and marketing mix. The method used in
this research is descriptive explorative that aim to know the implementation of the PO
Nusantara strategy implementation in knowing the potential of the constraints posed
and implementation of strategies that should be used by the company. Primary source
is the result of field observation, in-depth interviews. Secondary sources are books,
articles, journals, and website pages. The analytical tool used is SWOT analysis to
determine the strategic advantages possessed by PO Nusantara.
PO Nusantara is at a competitive position and support the marketing strategy,
strategies need to be used is the marketing mix. Implementation of the marketing mix
marketing strategy can be done by PO Nusantara in the shape forward, backward, and
horizontal of integration strategies in the form of maintaining good relations with
customers, the Karoseri factories, parts suppliers, and the control of the competitor,
market penetration strategy in the form of more intensive promotional activity more
intensive, product development strategy is to expand market share, market
development strategy in the form of old fleet rejuvenation for improving the
competitiveness of the company in addition to the continuing purchase of the new
fleet.


This paper introduces enterprises' research and practical experience of activated lime dust characters.This new type of steel brush electric dust precipitator solves dust precipitation problems in fusing agent system.


We identify a "slope" factor in exchange rates. High interest rate currencies load more on this slope factor than low interest rate currencies. This factor accounts for most of the cross-sectional variation in average excess returns between high and low interest rate currencies. A standard, no-arbitrage model of interest rates with two factors--a country-specific factor and a global factor--can replicate these findings, provided there is sufficient heterogeneity in exposure to global or common innovations. We show that our slope factor identifies these common shocks, and we provide empirical evidence that it is related to changes in global equity market volatility. By investing in high interest rate currencies and borrowing in low interest rate currencies, U.S. investors load up on global risk. The Author 2011. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Society for Financial Studies. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: email@example.com., Oxford University Press.


Hygric, thermal and physical properties were determined for building materials typical for the Polish market. One type of mortar and two types of masonry bricks were studied. Thermal diffusivity and specific heat of dry materials were found using the flash and differential scanning calorimetry methods, respectively. Water vapour permeability was tested using the cup method for a single temperature of 23°C and for two ranges of the air relative humidity (from 0 to 50% and from 50 to 94%). The permeability tests were performed according to ISO 12572:2016. Measurements of the sorption isotherms were carried out using the environmental chamber method, according to ISO 12571:2013. The results of measurements of the apparent and true density of the considered materials were used to determine their porosity. The presented measurements concerned materials involved in physical and numerical experiments aimed at quantitative and qualitative analyses of heat and moisture transfer during drying of building materials and walls.


Background: The incidence of skin cancer, the most common type of cancer in the Western world, has been shown to be associated with the degree of exposure to solar radiation. However, little is known on how human skin can be protected against UV-induced DNA damage by constitutive and induced pigmentation. Objective: To study the effect of skin pigmentation induced by a sunbed-type of treatment on the formation of UV-induced DNA damage in human skin in situ. Methods: A photoproduct assay was performed in untanned and tanned skin of healthy volunteers. Results: There is no significant difference in the induction of photoproducts between untanned and tanned skin. Conclusion: Our data demonstrate that constitutive skin pigmentation is more efficient than the induced one in protection against formation of photoproducts.


ASEA and others have developed DC furnace technology for ferroalloy production since 1980[lJ[zJ[3J, For example, a 40 MV A DC plasma furnace for production of high-carbon FeCr has been built in South Africa which operates with open arc and open bath and 100 percent fine raw materials charged into the furnace through the hollow electrode. Another type is DC submerged arc furnace that is the same as conventional AC furnaces and the process is with submerged arc and the electrode and bath covered with lumpy materials charged through openings in the roof. In China, the second one is mainly developed. This paper discusses the development and industrial application of the DC submerged arc furnace in China. 2. BACKGROUND


Because high-occupancy vehicle (HOV) facilities have become an integral part of the freeway systems in many parts of the United States, transportation practitioners must estimate emissions from these facilities accurately. This study examined the differences between HOV and mixed-flow (MF) lanes relative to their traffic dynamics as described by speed and acceleration profiles of the collected driving trajectory data, as well as to their vehicle fleet composition. It was found that the model year distributions of vehicles in the two lane types at selected locations were not significantly different. However, the differences in speed, acceleration, and road load power of their driving data samples were statistically significant at each of the six levels of congestion tested (i.e., Levels of Service A through F). Hence, lane correction factors were developed for adjusting freeway emission factors to result in emission factors specific for an HOV lane. These correction factors have higher impacts on HOV emission rates of carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO2) than of hydrocarbon (HC) and oxides of nitrogen (NOx). For CO and CO2, the impact can be as much as 30% and 10%, respectively, at very low speed. The difference between NOx emission rates of HOV and MF lanes is less than 5%. HC emission rates for HOV lanes are different from those for MF lanes by merely ±2%. These lane correction factors can be used to improve the accuracy of emission analyses for freeways with HOV facilities.


Objective
To analyze the endoscopic and histopathologic characteristics of columnar–lined island(CLI) type of Barrett esophagus(BE) in the lower esophagus.

Methods
Data of 438 patients with CLI from 2005 to 2013 were reviewed, and endoscopic and histopathological characteristics were analyzed retrospectively. Immunohistochemical staining and AB/PAS staining were performed in 27 samples in CLI and 23 samples in non–island type BE. All the samples were observed by the pathologist and then analyzed. Twenty–four hour pH–impedance monitoring was conducted in 31 subjects with CLI and 28 subjects with non–island type BE.

Results
The highest incidence of CLI was found in patients aged from 40 to <50(0.61%, 104/17 164), followed by age 50 to <60(0.49%, 107/21 794). There were 323 patients whose CLIs were within 0.5 cm above Z–line(73.7%), 266 subjects with single CLI, maximum diameter shorter than 0.5 cm of CLI in 338(81.8%). One hundred and forty–seven got Hp infection(33.7%). There were 220(62.5%) gastric cardiac glandular type. There was no significant difference in AB/PAS staining, MUC–6, MUC–2, CDX2 and Ki–67 immunohistochemical staining between the CLIs(n=27)and non–island type BEs(without intestinal metaplasia). According to the pH impedance monitoring, no differences were found in the reflux parameters and the typical reflux symptoms between two groups.

Conclusion
CLIs in the lower esophagus are common among people aged 40–<50, located within 0.5 cm above the Z–line, single, maximum diameter shorter than 0.5 cm, and with gastric cardiac glandular. There are no significant differences in the mucus expression, and the reflux parameters in CLIs and non–island type BEs.

Key words:
Barrett esophagus; Columnar–lined island; Intestinal metaplasia; Gastroesophageal reflux disease; pH–impedance monitoring


Activation parameters indicate that the first-order component of the kinetic equation corresponds not to complete dissociation of the carbene ligand but rather to the production of an intermediate which is also formed in the kinetically dominant second-order process of the concerted reaction described in the title.


Helena Reckitt participated in Care Crisis, Care Corrective: A Public Forum on Cultural Labour, as a speaker. She also contributed to the programme's themes and selection of presenters. She invited Raju Rage, who presented a Skype performance Yeah But Can We Listen Tho?, and introduced participants to the three-part workshop, Curating and Caring, that had taken place the run-up to the forum.

Reckitt's introduction remarked on the preoccupation with the etymological root of the word 'curating' in 'caring' in recent curatorial literature, pointing out that the question of who and what is actually cared for often goes unchallenged. Noting that curatorial labour entails the creation of sociality in time and space, she remarked how these relationships often take place virtually and are mediated by social media - something that she had been particularly aware of, when the emotional and practical labour of The Blackwood Gallery's curatorial team had compensated for her inability to be present to run the Curating and Care workshop in person.

In contextualizing the workshop on Curating and Care, she noted that it was grounded in the premise that in order change social structures we must first analyse the value systems that individuals have inherited and internalized, and then initiate actions that will challenge and change people's own habits and actions.

Reckitt highlighted some of the principals that underscored the workshop's approach: of duration, repetition, recycling and upcycling; of inter-dependency and vulnerability; of the power of definition and redefinition to highlight under-valued caring and other gendered activities; the dangers of cultural workers over-identifying with their work, instrumentalizing their personal relationships and resources, and risking the exploitation of self and others and eventual burn-out. Introducing the presentation by workshop participants of their collectively-generated propositions for curating and care, she highlighted how the workshop sought to move beyond diagnosis and abstract theory to generate concrete propositions for change.


This article presents an analysis of open source e-commerce systems. Special attention in the article was paid to the number and functionality of the available modules to support the logistical tasks. The study contains an assessment popularity of e-commerce systems and an overview of logistics solutions in the Polish online stores. The main part of the article presents the use of data mining methods in the evaluation of the number of logistics modules in open source e-commerce systems.


This paper summarizes the aims and scope of the PIA (Portable Information Access) project's PIA-Core system for automatic annotation of documents on the Semantic Web, i.e. the next generation World Wide Web. The focus of the project is to develop a portable information extraction system that can be easily adapted to new domains. PIA has its foundations on three resources: the PIA-Core information extraction module, application modules and PIA guidelines for ensuring consistent annotation. We are currently developing PIA-Core based on advanced machines learning methods to automatically annotate documents with terminology, names, temporal and quantity expressions etc. using examples of annotated documents.


In this article, we study the semidiscrete H 1-Galerkin mixed finite element method for parabolic problems over rectangular partitions. The well-known optimal order error estimate in the L 2-norm for the flux is of order 𝒪(h k+1) (SIAM J. Numer. Anal. 35 (2), (1998), pp. 712–727), where k ≥ 1 is the order of the approximating polynomials employed in the Raviart–Thomas element. We derive a superconvergence estimate of order 𝒪(h k+3) between the H 1-Galerkin mixed finite element approximation and an appropriately defined local projection of the flux variable when k ≥ 1. A the new approximate solution for the flux with superconvergence of order 𝒪(h k+3) is realized via a postprocessing technique using local projection methods.


Many research were proposed to minimize the number of fuzzy membership function, one of them is fuzzy polar controller method. By using this method, the number of membership function can be minimized. This paper proposed the Dynamic Voltage Restorer based on Fuzzy Polar Control Scheme and blocking zero sequence to compensate both balanced and unbalanced voltage sags. Delta to star connection transformer is used in this system, therefore the zero sequence component does not appear on the load side. The d and q components of the line voltages are converted to polar coordinate. The Simulation results show that the proposed method compensates both balanced and unbalanced voltage sags better than PI controller. Averaged error by fuzzy polar controller is 2.6 % and by PI controller is 4.9 %.


There has long been a need to understand the impact response of explosive materials, and continual improvements result from the design of careful, well-instrumented experiments. This article summarizes details of the design and construction of a laboratory facility capable of launching projectiles at explosive targets at velocities up to 1500 m s−1. There are two types of experiment that are required. In the first, a gun launches a plate of great planarity at an equally flat target. This geometry is known as plate impact and a target loaded in this manner experiences a state of one-dimensional strain. This loading is accomplished by launching plane impactors onto targets aligned to micron tolerances, normal to the impact axis to less than 0.5 mrad of tilt. In the second, it is required to attain the ability to recover impacted explosive targets that have been loaded in one-dimensional strain for subsequent microstructural assessment. The development of this capability will be described in a subsequent pub...


Because of non-stationary radar clutter, radar target detection under clutter should use CFAR techniques. Generally the methods employing CFAR detectors estimate the clutter energy of the test cell and uses it to control the detection threshold. This paper discusses some properties of the K-distribution. It proves that the ordered statistic CFAR (OS-CFAR) detector is also of a CFAR under a K-distributed clutter background, when the shape factor is known. The performance of the detector is analyzed against a uniform clutter background. The loss of SCR in the different case is studied. For an unknown shape factor, a method to estimate it is given, and the validity of the method is tested by the Monte-Carlo method.


In this work the role of bar surface smoothness (friction) in laboratory low-consistency (LC) refining of reinforcement kraft pulp was studied. Two modified bar surfaces were compared with a pair of standard fillings. Only few reports concerning modification of refiner bars in pulp refining were found [1, 2]. Trials with abrasive fillings have mainly been applied in mechanical pulping applications [3, 4, 5, 6]. A previous study by the author on LC-refining showed that an abrasive bar surface resulted in excessive fiber shortening. This was achieved by an abrasive WCCo-surface applied to the fillings [7]. In the present study, laboratory trials were conducted with three different fillings: one pair with a Wolfram Carbide Cobalt (WCCo) abrasive surfaces, one with a smooth cromium dioxide (CrO2) surface and standard fillings as reference.


Uterine NK (uNK) cells express a unique set of markers compared with blood NK cells. However, recent studies suggest that uNK cells may be derived from the recruitment of blood NK cells into the endometrium. In this study, we used an in vitro organ culture system to demonstrate that estradiol induces expression of chemokines CXCL10 and/or CXCL11 within human endometrium in 85% of patient samples tested. The average increase in gene expression after 10 (cid:1) 9 M estradiol treatment was 8.5-fold for CXCL10 and 7.7-fold for CXCL11 compared with medium alone. We observed that a specific estrogen receptor antagonist (ICI182780) was able to prevent chemokine gene induction, indicating that the effect of estradiol was receptor mediated. Moreover, our study showed that progesterone induced CXCL10 and CXCL11 expression in 83% of endometrial samples tested. We have also found that uNK cells and blood NK cells express the receptor for CXCL10 and CXCL11, CXCR3, with the highest expression found on uNK cells and CD56 bright blood NK cells. These data indicate that sex hormones induce specific chemokines in nonpregnant human endometrium that can activate NK cell migration, and suggest that this mechanism may account for the increased NK cell numbers in endometrium during the menstrual cycle. The Journal of Immunology, 2004, 173: 6760–6766. cells menstrual cycle chemokines migration of NK cells in of CXCL10 and CXCL11 induced after estradiol progesterone with maximum gene induction at 10 M, range of these During a normal cycle, estradiol 0.75 nM and progesterone levels 6 and 64 nM CXCL10 and CXCL11 CXCR3, on both uNK cells and These the hypothesis that uNK cells are the CD56 bright subset of blood NK cells. We have observed that CD56 bright NK cells higher CXCR3 than CD56 dim NK cells. Moreover, it has been shown that a higher of CD56 bright NK cells compared with CD56 dim cells in CXCL10 and CXCL11 Recent data have shown a positive correlation between CXCL9 and CXCL10 protein levels and numbers of NK cells in EM Our data support a model whereby CD56 bright NK cells recruited into the EM, in due to the selective induction of CXCL10 and/or CXCL11 by sex hormones from


This study shows that the physical size of classrooms and timing of classes correlate with cognitive growth and retention of first-year students enrolled at a medium-size, moderately selective public university.


We report a study of 12 secondary school teachers' knowledge of their pupils' errors and misconception in graphical reasoning. A diagnostic test, previously given to their pupils, was used as a questionnaire to these teachers with instructions that they should record their perception of the difficulties of the items on a Likert scale, and suggest misconceptions students might have that would cause difficulty. We built a rating scale and the item-perception-difficulty measures that resulted were correlated with the children's actual difficulty as estimated by the test analysis. In addition we sought to confirm the teachers' responses through informal interviews. The teachers' mis-estimation of (relative) difficulties could be explained by one of two reasons: sometimes teachers apparently misunderstood the actual question themselves thus underestimated the difficulty of the item. At other times teachers overestimated the difficulty because they did not realise that children could answer the question without a sophisticated understanding of some concepts i.e the gradient.


Past studies have shown that roads used for timber management and recreation are major sources of sedimentation in many streams throughout the Pacific Northwestern United States. Stream crossings are portals for the entry of sediment derived from road surface erosion. They are also prone to catastrophic failure during stressing weather events if they are undersized or otherwise deficient in design or construction. In recent years, public and private landowners have replaced or removed numerous deficient crossings in forested watersheds throughout California and elsewhere in the West. The benefits of replacing these crossings include eliminating both chronic and episodic inputs of sediment to streams. When old crossings are replaced with new, properly designed and installed crossings, there is a potential for construction-related erosion. This research examined the postconstruction erosion associated with the replacement of 30 stream crossings in coastal California. Channel surveys were conducted immediately after construction and after the passage of one winter rainy season. The results indicated very little erosion on most sites; 11 experienced no erosion at all. On those sites where erosion did occur, the amounts did not exceed 10 cubic yards. A few sites experienced aggradation or erosion unrelated to upgrading but due to upstream landslides. This research shows upgraded stream crossings on commercial timberland may contribute little sediment to streams after construction under moderate weather conditions if adequate erosion control measures are implemented.


【Objective】The species, distribition, damage of cockchafer in Guangxi sugarcane planting areas were studied to formulate comprehensive control strategy, in order to ensure sustainable development of Guangxi sugarcane industry. 【Method】The species, distribition and damages of cockchafer were investigated in Guangxi sugarcane planting areas by combining soil-scraping with light traps, specimens and documentary records. 【Result】There were 39 species belonging to 3 families of Scarabaeoidea on Guangxi sugarcane planting areas, including 21 species belonging to Mlolonthidae, 13 species belonging to Rutelidae, 5 species belonging to Dynastidae. In addition, the dominant species were different in various regions, and co-occured in most areas. 【Suggestion 】In order to control cockchafer sustainably, it is suggested that the comprehensive control strategy should be taken as base on agricultural control, and focusing on physical control such as light trap etc., combining with biological control of green and white muscardine fungus, furthermore, the high-efficient and low-toxicity and low-residue chemical pesticide should be used during critical periods.


COMPARED WITH THE 19TH CENTURY, OURS IS AN AGE OF intellectual dishonesty. The 19th century did not invent the modern vision of the world, nor did it work out its implications. All that was already done in the 17th and 18th centuries. But it was in the 19th century that the awareness of these implications became widespread, partly through the sheer lapse of time, and more significantly, through the emergence of a large literate middle class which possessed the means, in various senses, for contemplating the new vision. The consequences of this are well known. The 19th century satisfied the demand and produced the secular prophets who wrestled, heroically, with the problem of finding a new meaning for life, honestly acceptable in the light of new critical standards and of the new knowledge.


Abstract The intercalation of fluorine into graphite leads to graphite intercalation compounds (F-GICs) exhibiting potential properties such as the storage and transport of fluorine. Stage-1 compounds with C2.5F to C4F compositions are obtained by fluorination treatments at room temperature of ex-pitch, high-temperature treated carbon fibres under 10 bars F2 pressure in the presence of gaseous HF. The deintercalation process of fluorine species has been studied by evolved gas analysis: the F-GICs are decomposed using the Controlled transformation Rate Thermal Analysis (CRTA) method. The thermal analysis curve obtained for stage-1 F-GICs exhibits three decomposition steps. The first two steps correspond to a simultaneous deintercalation of atomic fluorine F and gaseous HF and the third step (above 460°C) to the degradation of the compound with formation of C2F4 and CF4 which further dissociate in the spectrometer to CFn (1 ≤ n ≤ 3) species.


Accurate digital soil mapping (DSM) of soil organic carbon (SOC) is still a challenging subject because of its spatial variability and dependency. This study is aimed at comparing six typical methods in three types of DSM techniques for SOC mapping in an area surrounding Changchun in Northeast China. The methods include ordinary kriging (OK) and geographically weighted regression (GWR) from geostatistics, support vector machines for regression (SVR) and artificial neural networks (ANN) from machine learning, and geographically weighted regression kriging (GWRK) and artificial neural networks kriging (ANNK) from hybrid approaches. The hybrid approaches, in particular, integrated the GWR from geostatistics and ANN from machine learning with the estimation of residuals by ordinary kriging, respectively. Environmental variables, including soil properties, climatic, topographic, and remote sensing data, were used for modeling. The mapping results of SOC content from different models were validated by independent testing data based on values of the mean error, root mean squared error and coefficient of determination. The prediction maps depicted spatial variation and patterns of SOC content of the study area. The results showed the accuracy ranking of the compared methods in decreasing order was ANNK, SVR, ANN, GWRK, OK, and GWR. Two-step hybrid approaches performed better than the corresponding individual models, and non-linear models performed better than the linear models. When considering the uncertainty and efficiency, ML and two-step approach are more suitable than geostatistics in regional landscapes with the high heterogeneity. The study concludes that ANNK is a promising approach for mapping SOC content at a local scale.


7-Mono- and 7, 7-disubstituted 5-ethoxycarbonyl-1-phenyl-2-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-3, 4-diones undergo epimerization at C-7 when treated when treated with base. Experiments using the stereospecifically deuterium labeled compound 6 showed that the inversion of stereochemistries at C-6 and C-7 took place simutaneously in this reaction, thus proving that the reaction proceeded through C1-C5 bond fission and recyclization. The suggested intermediate 10 with a highly strained seven membered ring would give either the C7 epimerized product by a fast recombination or irreversibly give the dihydroazatropolones 9 by a trans- to cis- isomerization of the C=N double bond. Kinetic treatments showed that the latter reaction is slower than the former equilibrium reaction.The analogous 7-epimerization reaction observed in the hydride reduction of the 4-oxo group and in the photolysis of the imidate 24 was proved to proceed with a similar mechanism.


Au nanoparticles and polystyrene nanospheres were used as mask for plasma etching of indium tin oxide (ITO) layer. By reactive ion etching (RIE) processes, the morphology of polystyrene nanospheres can be tuned through chemical or physical etching, and Au nanoparticle mask can result in ITO nanostructures with larger aspect ratio than nanosphere mask. During inductively coupled plasma (ICP) processes, Au nanoparticle mask was not affected by the thermal effect of plasma, whereas temperature of the substrate was essential to protect nanospheres from the damaging effect of plasma. Physical bombardment in the plasma can also modify the nanospheres. It was observed that under the same process conditions, the ratio of CH4 and H2 in the process gas can affect the etching rate of ITO without completely etching the nanospheres. The morphology of ITO nanostructures also depends on process conditions. The resulting ITO nanostructures show lower reflection in a spectral range of 400–1000 nm than c‐Si and conventional antireflection layer of SiNx film.


Involvement of indole‐3‐acetic acid (IAA), produced by the microalgae‐growth‐promoting bacteria Azospirillum brasilens and A. lipoferum, in promoting growth of the microalga Chlorella vulgaris Beij. was studied. Four wildtype strains of Azospirillum and their IAA‐deficient mutants were co‐immobilized with C. vulgaris in alginate beads. Cultures were grown in synthetic growth medium supplemented with tryptophan. Growth promotion of microalgae and production of exogenous IAA by Azospirillum spp. were monitored. All wildtype Azospirillum spp. produced significant but varying amounts of IAA, while their mutant forms produced significantly less. The results demonstrated a significant growth promotion in Chlorella cultures when immobilized with the four wildtype strains of Azospirillum, while very low or no enhanced growth was induced by the four IAA‐deficient mutants, compared to when C. vulgaris is immobilized alone. A complementation experiment, where an IAA‐attenuated mutant (A. brasilense SpM7918) was supplemented with IAA produced by its parental wildtype strain (A. brasilense Sp6), restored growth promotion in the microalgae‐mutant culture.


Detailed instructions for using the near field cruise noise prediction program, a program listing, and a sample case with output are presented. The total noise for free field lossless conditions at selected observer locations is obtained by summing the contributions from up to nine acoustic sources. These noise sources, selected at the user's option, include the fan/compressor, turbine, core (combustion), jet, shock, and airframe (trailing edge and turbulent boundary layers). The effects of acoustic suppression materials such as engine inlet treatment may also be included in the noise prediction. The program is available for use on the NASA/Langley Research Center CDC computer. Comparisons of the program predictions with measured data are also given, and some possible reasons for their lack of agreement presented.


In my May 2008 editorial, I had mentioned our desire to offer ore archiving publication options for materials that exceed the urrent presentation capabilities of the journal as a print medium. am pleased to let you know that authors of ASME Transactions ournals will be now able to submit material supplemental to their apers. The ASME journals team has made this service available hrough the Electronic Physics Auxiliary Publication Service EPAPS depository of the American Institute of Physics AIP . It ill be provided without charge to the author. Last Fall, the SME Transactions Editors council appointed a committee conisting of Jerry Miller, Panos Papalambros, Bahgat Sammakia and emetri Telionis, and charged it with setting up guidelines for the mplementation of this new archiving mode. These guidelines are rovided further below. We all feel that the following three elements are very important or the success of this new archiving program: i reviewing the aterial; ii making it available for posterity and iii establishing


Based on the diffusion of innovation theory (E. M. Rogers, 1983, 1995), the authors examined the antecedents of the adoption of electronic learning (e-learning) systems by using a time-based assessment model (R. C. Beatty, J. P. Shim, & M. C. Jones, 2001), which classified adopters into categories upon point in time when adopting e-learning systems. Based on a structured questionnaire survey from 143 business organizations, results indicated significant differences in the reasons why adopters decided to adopt e-learning systems. Technical compatibility, top management support, and social pressures had a greater influence on the adoption of the e-learning systems by the early adopters than on the late adopters.


An estimated 10% of the world population has some form of kidney disease. Kidney fibrosis is the final common pathway of progressive kidney diseases, resulting in subsequent massive destruction of normal kidney structure and diminishing the function. Currently approved therapies are neither pathway nor cell specific in nature, due to which these therapies became ineffective in reducing the fibrosis and are associated with side effects. The understanding of the pathways and cells that are involved in the fibrosis will guide the future therapies to combat the kidney fibrosis.


Understanding how predator attractants and deterrents, as well as habitat features, affect depredation of turtle nests is important because nest predators can influence the demographic structure of turtle populations. We investigated cues used by predators to locate turtle nests in three habitats (heavily shaded, moderately shaded, and unshaded). We constructed artificial turtle nests in areas used by nesting painted turtles (Chrysemys picta) and foraging predators, primarily raccoons (Procyon lotor). We also assessed the influence of olfactory cues on nest depredation using coyote and turtle urine, and turtle egg mucus. Overall, 22% of the simulated nests displayed evidence of depredation. Habitat type did not influence probability of nest depredation. Similarly, the presence of coyote and turtle urine, and turtle egg mucus, combined or individually, did not significantly alter depredation rates. Instead, predators seemed to locate simulated nests based solely on surface soil disturbance, because such disturbance significantly increased the probability of a nest being depredated. These findings provide valuable insights into the effects of surface soil disturbance on the population dynamics of nesting turtles and their predators.


There are several therapeutic approaches to treat juvenile recurrent parotitis. The aim of this study was to compare sialendoscopy, including prophylactic cortisone irrigation, with observation and a conservative approach of antibiotic therapy alone.


ABSTRACT

Steffi Novratilova. Effect of Population and Investment to Unemployment in Jambi Province. Faculty of Economics, University of Jakarta. 2015.

This study aimed to examine the effect of Population and Investment to Unemployment in Jambi Province.

The data on unemployment, population and this investment is obtained from the BPS. This study uses facto exposure using panel data that is a combination of time series data and cross section.

Based on the analysis of the partial results obtained by the number of people significantly positive effect on unemployment, and to invest significantly negative effect on unemployment. Based on the results of simultaneous analysis, population and investment significantly affect unemployment in the province of Jambi. Variations influence of two free variable can be known by R2 value of 0.81, thus, 81% of the variation of unemployment is influenced by the number of people and investment, while the remaining 19% are influenced by other factors outside the
research model.

Keyword: unemployment, population, investment


Dry common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a legume widely consumed throughout the world and are considered as a good source of high protein content (23%), complex carbohydrates, dietary fiber and some vitamins and minerals. The consumption of dry common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) has been associated with a decrease risk for a wide variety of chronic and degenerative diseases such as cancer, obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. In addition to these nutritional components, common beans are rich in a variety of several phytochemicals with potential health benefits such as polyphenolic compounds, fiber, lectins and trypsin inhibitors, among others. PEU (Protein energy undernutrition) and deficiencies of vitamin A and iron causes death of infants for more than 75% of the young children in some developing countries. Greater consumption of beans by children in developing countries would significantly reduce morbidity and mortality in this age group. Dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) are the perfect food to improve and/or promote glycemic control. They have a low glycemic index, varying from 27–42% relative to glucose and 40–59% that of white bread. Substituting beans for foods prepared from white flour (on an equal dry weight basis) will reduce the glycemic index of the diet by about two-thirds and glycemic load by about 80% and it plays a significant role in controlling the blood glucose concentrations. Individuals consuming dry beans at least 4 times per week were found to have a 22% lower risk of heart disease than individuals consuming dry beans less than once per week. In epidemiological studies where legumes are consumed as part of a healthier diet plan, consistent reduction of upto 30% in heart disease risk have been observed. Beans are a good source of soluble dietary fiber, containing approximately 4 g per cup of cooked beans. Soluble fiber has been shown to reduce both total and LDL cholesterol in epidemiological, clinical and animal studies. Beans contain high amounts of resistant starch as well as high amounts of soluble and insoluble fibers which leads to favorable fermentation and inhibits colon and mammary cancers.