The transition metal compounds Pd(OAc)2, RhCl3·4H2O and RuCl3 · nH2O were adsorbed onto the nanoporous silica polyamine composite (SPC) particles (150–250 µm), WP-1 [poly(ethyleneimine) on amorphous silica], BP-1 [poly(allylamine) on amorphous silica], WP-2 (WP-1 modified with chloroacetic acid) and BP-2 (BP-1 modified with chloroacetic acid). Inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry analysis of the dried samples after digestion indicated metal loadings of 0.4–1.2 mmol g−1 except for RhCl3·4H2O on BP-2 which showed a metal loading of only 0.1 mmol g−1. The metal loaded composites were then screened as hydrogenation catalysts for the reduction of 1-octene, 1-decene, 1-hexene and 1, 3-cyclohexadiene at a hydrogen pressure of 5 atm in the temperature range of 50–90 °C. All 12 combinations of SPC and transition metal compound proved active for the reduction of the terminal olefins, but isomerization to internal alkenes was competitive in all cases. Under these conditions, selective hydrogenation of 1,3-cyclohexadiene to cyclohexene was observed with some of the catalysts. Turnover frequencies were estimated for the hydrogenation reactions based on the metal loading and were in some cases comparable to more conventional heterogeneous hydrogenation catalysts. Examination of the catalysts before and after reaction with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy revealed that, in the cases of Pd(OAc)2 on WP-2, BP-1 and BP-2, conversion of the surface-ligand bound metal ions to metal nano-particles occurs. This was not the case for Pd(OAc)2 on WP-1 or for RuCl3 · nH2O and RhCl3· 4H2O on all four composites. The overall results are discussed in terms of differences in metal ion coordination modes for the composite transition-metal combinations. Suggested ligand interactions are supported by solid state CPMAS 13C NMR analyses and by analogy with previous structural investigations of metal binding modes on these composite materials. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Vanadium-modified bismuth titanate Bi 3.99 Ti 2.97 V 0.03 O 12 (BTV) thin films of about 400 nm thickness were grown on Pt (111)/TiO 2 /SiO 2 /Si (100) substrates using the pulsed laser deposition technique. The hysteresis, fatigue and retention behavior of the BTV films were investigated. The appearance of the (117) and (00 10 ) reflections in the x-ray diffraction pattern indicates that the crystalline phase is formed at a low temperature of 600 C. Scanning electron microscope observations reveal that the films annealed at higher temperature have a larger grain size. The films annealed at 650 C exhibits a well defined hysteresis loop with remnant polarization 2P r and coercive field E c of 42 w C/cm 2 and 110 kV/cm, respectively. The polarization fatigue performance of this film is reasonable at an applied voltage of 7 V (∼170 kV/cm), but it deteriorates at higher electric fields. At an applied electric field of 250 kV/cm, the BTV film shows good retention characteristics up to 10 5 s. At 100 kHz the relative permittivity and loss factor are 204 and 0.014, respectively.


In this review, a historical perspective is provided on the development of gene therapy in relation to Parkinson's disease by communicating the findings of work done in years ranging from 2000-2012. This is done in the five following steps: 1) by first exploring gene therapy, its various types, and their advantages and disadvantages vis a vis  the treatment of human diseases, 2) by providing an example of an effective use of gene therapy, 3) by identifying two relevant genes identified as disease-causing when mutated, 4) by discussing the pathology of Parkinson's disease in relation to these two genes, and 5) by finally discussing the potential of gene therapy in relation to Parkinson's disease, specifically with regard to these two genes.


In"Mode Three"of rural distance education,teachers in middle and primary schools guide learning activities with the help of computer classrooms,satellite receiving system,andCD player system."Mode Three"teaching environment has enriched the ways of teaching and resources of learning.Primary and middle school teachers can help their students to learn in four ways:to set the learning objectives;to teach the learning techniques;to organize the process of leaching and;to guide students' self-study.These methods are illustrated with a case in this report.


Media representations provide a window to analyze possible ideological changes in linguistic ideologies. I examine the multivocality (Bakhtin 1981) of 'Dues Dones Divines' - a failed situation comedy broadcast in Catalonia in 2011- in its parodic representation of Catalan and Castilian typified speakers. I analyze firstly the multilingual practices and the stances on identity of four characters - two of them from a transnational immigrant origin-, and their evaluation of such practices and stances among themselves. This shows the ideological world in which fictional characters evaluate the legitimacy and authority of their identities, their space, and their discourse through their linguistic practices. Secondly, I examine the TV program's evaluative stance toward its characters' perspectives on those topics. This approach shows the program's frame of reference on how native and non-native speakers (in real life) experience linguistic, social or ethnic tensions in Catalonia, and from which the program builds its humorous commentary. Finally, I address the audience evaluation of the whole program in order to provide an explanation to how the program -as a comic representation of Catalonia's multilingualism- eventually failed. The program presents new emerging and contrasting positions regarding language and identity, but the analysis of its characters shows that these positions sometimes clash, hence revealing a continuing anxiety and tension over social and linguistic issues. The failure of the program manifests that some of these new positions are currently unresolved in Catalonia


— A dynamic process modeled by ordinary differential equations is considered. If a nonautonomous system of ordinary differential equations has a general solution in a certain area, than the system can be simplified by nonautonomous substitution of variables: right parts turn to zeroes. Right parts of an autonomous system of ordinary differential equations in the neighborhood of nonsingular points can be linearized. A separable system where the right part contains linear combination of autonomous vector fields and factors are functions of independent variable is considered. If the fields commute than they can be linearized by general substitution of variables.


Stylistic reasons are given for believing that many of the Hadra hydriae found in the Hellenistic cemeteries of Alexandria were made in Crete. Analyses of the clay compositions of a group of Hadra vases are compared with control samples from Cretan sites and the Nile Valley. The results suggest, together with the stylistic evidence, that Crete is a likely home for the workshops producing Hadra vases.


Since the success of the Er-doped fiber amplifier, the rare earth doped glasses have attracted much attention as a candidate of optical amplifiers for broad-band wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) telecommunication as a result of growing demand for transmission capacity. In order to improve the amplifier performance, the development of novel host materials is important. To broaden the emission spectra of doped rare earth ions in glasses, it is important to understand the relationship between the local ligand field and various optical properties due to related 4f-transitions, such as the radiative transition probability, the nonradiative decay rate, which dominate the spectral linewidth and quantum efficiency of amplification transitions. For the Er3+: 1.55 μm transition, the role of Judd-Ofelt Ω6 parameters is presented on the emission bandwidth, which is correlated to the Er-ligand bond covalency in glasses. The Tm3+: 1.46 μm transition shows quantum efficiency over 90%, high enough for the S-band application, in heavy metal oxide glasses with moderate phonon energy, in which wider emission spectra are obtained than in fluorides. Novel glass materials have potential to vary the radiative cross section, quantum efficiency, and gain bandwidth, which are important for amplifiers in the future WDM system.


Background: Previous studies suggest that prenatal exposure to phthalates, ubiquitous synthetic chemicals, may adversely affect neurodevelopment. However, data are limited on how phthalates affect cognition, executive function, and behavioral function into adolescence. Objective: We aimed to investigate associations of prenatal phthalate exposure with neurodevelopment in childhood and adolescence in the Center for the Health Assessment of Mothers and Children of Salinas (CHAMACOS) study. Methods: We examined associations between maternal urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations measured twice during pregnancy and a range of neurodevelopmental outcomes from ages 7 through 16 y in the CHAMACOS birth cohort (n=334). We used age-specific linear regression models and generalized estimating equation models to assess longitudinal effects and examined differences by sex. Results: Phthalate metabolites were detected in 88%–100% of samples, depending on the metabolite. Associations of phthalates with neurodevelopmental outcomes were largely null with some noteworthy patterns. Higher prenatal concentrations of metabolites of low-molecular weight phthalates (ΣLMW) were associated with more self-reported hyperactivity [β=0.8, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.1, 1.4 per 2-fold increase in ΣLMW phthalates], attention problems (β=1.5, 95% CI: 0.7, 2.2), and anxiety (β=0.9, 95% CI: 0.0, 1.8) at age 16. We observed sex-specific differences for the sums of high-molecular-weight and di(2-ethylhexyl) metabolites and cognitive outcomes (e.g., β for Full-Scale IQ for boys=−1.9, 95% CI: −4.1, 0.3 and −1.7, 95% CI: −3.8, 0.3, respectively; β for girls=1.8, 95% CI: 0.1, 3.4 and 1.6, 95% CI: 0.0, 3.2, respectively; p-int=0.01 for both). Conclusion: We found predominantly null associations of prenatal phthalates with neurodevelopment in CHAMACOS, and weak associations of ΣLMW phthalates with internalizing and externalizing behaviors in adolescence. No previous studies have examined associations of prenatal phthalate exposure with neurodevelopment into adolescence, an important time for manifestations of effects. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP5165


In this talk, given at Corfu 2022 Workshop on the Standard Model and Beyond, I present work in collaboration with Junichiro Kawamura,Ref.~[arXiv:2212.00840]. The talk is also based on a number of papers on a Global $SU(5)$ F-theory GUT in collaboration with Herb Clemens. In the model $SU(5)$ is broken to the MSSM via a Wilson line. This is accomplished (without problems with vector-like exotics) by simultaneously describing the F-theory model and its Heterotic dual. The model has a twin MSSM sector and it's the neutrino sector of the field I consider in the talk.


Undervoltage load shedding is an economical solution (or partial solution) to the voltage stability challenges facing electric utilities. Simulations, for an equivalent system and for large scale representation of the Puget Sound (Seattle) area of the Pacific Northwest, lead to several concepts for an undervoltage load shedding program. Application factors such as undervoltage relay settings and time delay are discussed. Pacific Northwest utilities are implementing undervoltage load shedding for the 1991-1992 winter operating period.


Purpose: To determine the mediating role of personality types in the effect of anxiety and depression on work performance in the Covid-19 pandemic.
Design and Methods: The data of this study in which health professionals (mostly nurses and doctors) participated in Istanbul were collected online with three standard scales. The participants of this study are 325 healthcare professionals selected by simple random method.
Findings: Anxiety and depression did not have a significant effect on job performance. Personality traits (except Intellect personality type) decrease Job Performance (JP) over the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) variable.
Practical Implications: Results have been obtained regarding the importance of considering personality traits in relation to the differences in changing work conditions in healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic.


The relationship between human resource management and enterprise performance has been a research hotspot in academic field.In order to examine the way high performance work system(HPWS) causes the changes of staff behavior and enterprise performance,via the survey on 765 staff from 108 enterprises,the relational model between HPWS and staff behavior is tested.The results show that organizational support,internal selection recruitment and insurance benefits have significant positive effects on organizational citizenship behavior(OCB) and can reduce organizational retaliatory behavior(ORB).Work design has a significant positive effect on OCB.However,performance-related pay has no significant effect on staff behaviors.Comprehensive training has a negative correlation with in-role behavior and OCB and a positive one with ORB.


Background. Postoperative adhesions are a serious problem in surgery. However, at the present time molecular mecha- nisms of the adhesion process are insufficiently studied. Aim. To study the dynamics of expression of genes encoding the synthesis of collagen in case of damage to the serosa on the example of the peritoneum in conditions of aseptic inflammation. Materials and methods. Aseptic inflammatory process in the abdominal cavity was modeled (Wistar rats, n = 40). A micro- and macroscopic picture of the damage area was studied. Immunofluorescent staining for Type I collagen (Col 1A1) was performed. The expression of genes encoding collagen of different types was evaluated using the RT 2 -Profiler PCR kit Array Rat Wound Healing. Results. It has been established that the adhesion process with peritoneal damage in aseptic conditions reaches its maximum by the 30 th day of observation. The same period coincides with the maximum of collagen synthesis in fibroblasts in the repair area, revealed by immunofluorescence study. The interrelation of synthesis of type I and III collagens went as expected – the onset of expression of type III collagen (from day 3) is ahead of the expression of collagen type I (from day 7). Peak gene expression of collagens type I, Alpha-1 and -2; type III Alpha-1, type IV Alpha-1 and -3, type V Alpha-1, -2 and -3; type XIV Alpha-1 (Col14a1) falls on the 14th day. For the first time, active involvement of type V alpha-3 collagen in the adhesion process was noted - we detected both early (from day 1) and maximum intensive (up to 166.96 times increase in comparison with intact animals). Conclusion. Perhaps, the hyperexpression of collagen V alpha-3 that we revealed is an important link in the pathogenesis of adhesion in the abdominal cavity.


In an asymmetric multislit interference experiment, a quanton is more likely to pass through certain slits than some others. In such a situation one may be able to predict which slit a quanton is more likely to go through, even without using any path-detecting device. This allows one to talk of path predictability. It has been shown earlier that for a two-slit interference, the predictability and fringe visibility are constrained by the inequality  2 +  2 ≤ 1 . Generalizing this relation to the case of more than two slits is still an unsolved problem. A new definition for predictability for multi-slit interference is introduced. It is shown that this predictability and quantum coherence follow a duality relation  2 +  2 ≤ 1 , which saturates for all pure states. For the case of two slits, this relation reduces to the previously known one.


The ideal I1 generated by the 2× 2 quantum minors in the coordinate algebra of quantum matrices, Oq(Mm,n(k)), is investigated. Analogues of the First and Second Fundamental Theorems of Invariant Theory are proved. In particular, it is shown that I1 is a completely prime ideal, that is, Oq(Mm,n(k))/I1 is an integral domain, and that Oq(Mm,n(k))/I1 is the ring of coinvariants of a coaction of k[x, x−1] on Oq(k)⊗Oq(k), a tensor product of two quantum affine spaces. There is a natural torus action on Oq(Mm,n(k))/I1 induced by an (m+ n)-torus action on Oq(Mm,n(k)). We identify the invariant prime ideals for this action and deduce consequences for the prime spectrum of Oq(Mm,n(k))/I1.


The objective of research is to carry out comparative studying of levels of markers of vascular inflammation in blood serum at patients with arterial hypertension against hypotensive therapy. Materials and methods. 120 men (middle age was 33,4 ± 2,9 years) with verified diagnosis of arterial hypertension receiving standard anti-hypertensive therapy (losartan) are examined. The following data was defined in blood serum: concentration of glucose and fractions of cholesterol (TG, HDL, VLDL, LDL), endothelin-1, homocysteine and chCRP. Results. The more HC high levels and chCRP in blood serum at patients with unachieved AH level in comparison with group of patients at whom the AH level against hypotensive therapy reached target values are registered. Conclusion. The received results testify to associativity of intensity of vascular inflammation and efficiency of hypotensive therapy.


This article examines some of the factors involved in welfare recipiency among Latinos living in the city of Milwaukee. The sample was drawn from neighborhoods that were identified as having high levels ofpoverty and high rates ofpublic assistance. The results suggest that Puerto Ricans are less likely to be on welfare with increasing levels of education, if they have spent a long time residing in Milwaukee, if they have access to kinship networks, if they have secondary earners in the household, and if they have a job. Women were more likely to be dependent on public aid and number of children also had a positive relationship with recipiency. Chicano respondents are less likely to be on welfare if they have spent a long time residing in Milwaukee, have lived at the same address for a longer period of time, are married, have a job, and are foreign born. Chicano respondents with higher levels of English proficiency were more likely to be classified as dependent than those whose command of English was not as good. Although the study uncovered high levels of welfare dependency, the results raise serious doubts about the applicability of the "underclass" concept to Latinos.


This master thesis is focused on the present situation in the matter of alternative fuels using the example of the Czech Republic and Germany, which is with each other compared. In the theoretical part is the first chapter dedicated to conventional fuels and there are too reasons for changing to alternatives in detail described. In another chapters are analysed all alternative fuel types available in both lands. In the practical part are specified current alternative fuels built in current cars. In the conclusion is finally a comparison enclosed, which gives information about the situation in these countries and futural chances for particular fuel types.


Background: Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is associated with several perioperative complications that may significantly prolong length of in-hospital stay, increase costs and provide worse long term outcome. The 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors, or statins, exert anti-inflammatory and vascular protective effects. We hypothesized that pre-operatory statin therapy may reduce incidence of early perioperative complications and length of in-hospital stay following CABG.Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 103 patients (age 67±3; 18 females), who underwent CABG. Patients were allocated into 2 groups: 57 patients on statin therapy prior to CABG (St Group) and 46 patients not on statin therapy (n-St group). Demographic and clinical features, pre-operative medications use and the incidence of early adverse postoperative events were collected. Pre-operative risk of death using the European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (EuroSCORE) was also calculated. The primary end-point was the composite of early complications occurring after surgery, including infections, bleedings, sustained ventricular and supra-ventricular tachyarrhythmias, cardiogenic shock, myocardial infarction and mortality. As secondary end-points single perioperative complications were considered. In-hospital stay length was also evaluated.Results: Clinical features, cholesterol levels and EuroSCORE were similar between two groups. Statin therapy and EuroSCORE emerged as predictors of the composite adverse outcome. n-St patients had a significant higher rate of early complications if compared with St patients: the primary endpoint occurred in 18 St patients (31%) versus 25 (54%) non-St patients (p=0.019). Multivariate analysis confirmed pre-operative statin therapy and EuroSCORE as independent predictors of the primary endpoint (OR=0.307, 95% CI=0.123-0.766, p=0.011 and OR= 2.114, 95% CI= 1.213- 4.407, p= 0.002 respectively) showing a protective role of the statin therapy.The incidence of secondary end-points did not differ significantly between the groups, while in-hospital stay was longer in n-St group if compared with St group (7.7±3,9 days vs 5,6±1,8 days; p=0,001).Conclusion: Our data suggest that statin therapy may reduce early perioperative complications after coronary artery bypass grafting. This effect is independent from cholesterol basal levels, thus supporting pre-operative statin use in patients undergoing CABG.


Diagnosis of the blood pressure (BP) phenotype is the most important indication for its ambulatory measurement because BP phenotype is associated with cardiovascular complications and death. The study of BP phenotypes is important for patients with hypertension (HT) and comorbidity, including asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The combination of HT with these lower airway diseases (LAD) leads to the mutual influence of pathologies creates difficulties in the drugs choice and may affect BP phenotype in HT patients.Aim. To compare in the prospective investigation various characteristics of BP phenotype in HT patients considering LAD (asthma or COPD).Material and methods. The prospective cohort study of ambulatory patients with HT (n=156) was carried out. The part of these patients had asthma or COPD (n=69). The clinical measurements and 24-hour BP monitoring, spirometry, clinical and biochemical blood tests, standard examination were performed, initially and after 12 months. BP phenotype were determined by the ratio of clinical BP and ambulatory BP considering their threshold values. Standard statistical methods and multivariate analysis were used.Results. Patients with LAD had 2 times more often prognostically unfavorable phenotypes: ineffective antihypertensive therapy (AHT) 37.3% vs 15.7% and masked AHT inefficiency 7.5% vs 4.5%; white coat HT on treatment (WCH) and effective AHT were less common(29.9% vs 42.7%; 25.5% vs 37.1%, respectively, p 148 mm Hg (b=2.733, p=0.040), LAD (b=1.015, p=0.011), serum total cholesterol (b=0.350, p=0.043), degree of nighttime diastolic BP decrease (for 13.1-18.0% b=-2.130, p=0.004; for 18.1-24.0% b=-2.509, p=0.001). The factors associated with masked AHT inefficiency in comparison to effective AHT were heart rate in orthostasis >87 beats/min(b=3,512, p=0.006) and SBP in orthostasis 141-148 mm Hg (b=3.405, p=0.004).Conclusion. The prevalence of prognostically unfavorable BP phenotypes (ineffective AHT and masked AHT inefficiency) is two times higher in HT patients with LAD. The first is associated with LAD presence, sex, and serum cholesterol; both phenotypes interrelated with hemodynamic parameters including degree of nighttime diastolic BP decrease. We found no association between AHT and LAD therapy with the BP phenotypes in this study. However, larger works in this area are required, including analysis of outcomes in long-term prospective studies.


The β‐thalassemias are a heterogeneous group of hereditary anemias. A multitude of mutations have been reported, resulting in varied phenotypes. In each ethnic group there is always a subset of common, less common, and rare mutations, which makes population screening, prenatal diagnosis, and genetic counseling easier. In this paper we report a rare β‐thalassemia mutation found in an Indian subject by SSCP and sequencing analysis. The mutation, initiation ATG → ACG, was found in heterozygous condition in a patient belonging to Brahmin family of Uttar Pradesh origin. Haplotype analysis was performed to identify the chromosomal background associated with the mutation and to tracing the origin and spread of the mutation. This study, as previous studies, suggests that rare β‐thalassemia mutations, such as the initiation codon mutations, have no set geographical distribution and are relatively recent. Am. J. Hematol. 71:134–136, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


ABSTRACT The success of exploiting cucurbit[n]uril (CB[n])‐based molecular recognition in self‐assembled systems has sparked a tremendous interest in polymer and materials chemistry. In this study, polymerization in the presence of host‐guest complexes is applied as a modular synthetic approach toward a diverse set of CB[8]‐based supramolecular hydrogels with desirable properties, such as mechanical strength, toughness, energy dissipation, self‐healing, and shear‐thinning. A range of vinyl monomers, including acrylamide‐, acrylate‐, and imidazolium‐based hydrophilic monomers, could be easily incorporated as the polymer backbones, leading to a library of CB[8] hydrogel networks. This versatile strategy explores new horizons for the construction of supramolecular hydrogel networks and materials with emergent properties in wearable and self‐healable electronic devices, sensors, and structural biomaterials. © 2017 The Authors. Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017, 55, 3105–3109


The plan for the book moves smoothly through three chapters on literary theory of poetry. The first is one of the best and most appreciative presentations of parallelism the re viewer has seen. This is followed by a description of development "from line to story" as he shows how the larger imits of poetry are developed. Alter does not impose theory on the literature. He lets the study of the literature develop the theory which best explains what it does. The third chapter demonstrates how poetry in tensifies the points it is making tmd thus creates its own distinctive char acter. The definitions for poetry are clear and simply stated.


The superimposition model of computer simulation for infrared spectra of chemical smoke radiative transfer was proposed. Infrared spectra of several compounds were shows by using large background spectra which were measured by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. Finally, the results of simulation were discussed.


The SEPIC (Single Ended Primary Inductor Converter) topology is an excellent choice for a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) converter in small solar energy systems. To achieve MPPT, the input voltage of the SEPIC, corresponding to the photovoltaic (PV) module's output voltage, must be regulated. In this paper, a model is derived with the voltage on the input capacitor as the plant output. The model is used to design a closed-loop controller to regulate the PV module voltage to match the output of an MPPT algorithm. Simulation and experimental validation are given.


1. Introduction 2. Madness, Gods, and Demons 3. The Rationality of Madness 4. Fools and Folly 5. Locking up the Mad 6. The Rise of Psychiatry 7. The Mad 8. The Century of Psychoanalysis 9. Conclusion: Modern Times, Ancient Problems?


This Scientific Analysis report describes the methods used to develop numerical grids of the unsaturated hydrogeologic system beneath Yucca Mountain. Numerical grid generation is an integral part of the development of the Unsaturated Zone Flow and Transport Model (UZ Model), a complex, three-dimensional (3-D) model of Yucca Mountain. This revision incorporates changes made to both the geologic framework model and the proposed repository layout. The resulting numerical grids, developed using current geologic, hydrogeologic, and mineralogic data, provide the necessary framework to: (1) develop calibrated hydrogeologic property sets and flow fields, (2) test conceptual hypotheses of flow and transport, and (3) predict flow and transport behavior under a variety of climatic and thermal-loading conditions. The technical scope, content, and management of this Scientific Analysis report was initially controlled by the planning document, ''Technical Work Plan (TWP) for: Unsaturated Zone Sections of License Application Chapters 8 and 12'' (BSC 2002 [159051], Section 1.6.4). This TWP was later superseded by ''Technical Work Plan for: Performance Assessment Unsaturated Zone'' (BSC 2002 [160819]), which contains the Data Qualification Plan used to qualify the DTN: MO0212GWLSSPAX.000 [161271] (See Attachment IV). Grids generated and documented in this report supersede those documented in previous versions of this reportmore » (BSC 2001 [159356]). The constraints, assumptions, and limitations associated with this report are discussed in the appropriate sections that follow. There were no deviations from the TWP scope of work in this report. Two software packages not listed in Table IV-2 of the TWP (BSC 2002 [159051]), ARCINFO V7.2.1 (CRWMS MO USGS 2000 [148304]) and 2kgrid8.for V1.0 (LBNL 2002 [154787]), were utilized in the development of the numerical grids; the use of additional software is accounted for in the TWP (BSC 2002 [159051], Section 13). The use of these software packages is discussed in Sections 3 and 6.1.1. The steps involved in numerical grid development include: (1) defining the location of important calibration features, (2) determining model grid layers and fault geometry based on the Geologic Framework Model (GFM), the Integrated Site Model (ISM), and definition of HGUs, (3) analyzing and extracting GFM and ISM data pertaining to layer contacts and property distributions, (4) discretizing and refining the two-dimensional (2-D), plan-view numerical grid, (5) generating the 3-D grid, with finer resolution at the proposed repository horizon and within the Paintbrush nonwelded (PTn) and ch1 (Uppermost Calico Hills Formation (Table 11)) hydrogeologic units, and (6) formulating the dual-permeability mesh. The products of grid development include a set of one-dimensional (1-D) vertical columns of gridblocks for hydrogeologic-property-set inversions, a 2-D UZ Model vertical cross-sectional grid for fault hydrogeologic-property calibrations, and a 3-D UZ Model grid for additional model calibrations and generating flow fields for Performance Assessment (PA).« less


We are developing relational data mining techniques that discover structural patterns consisting of complex relationships between entities. Our research is particularly applicable to domains in which the data is event driven, such as counter-terrorism intelligence analysis. Such analytical tasks require discovery of relational patterns between events and actors so that these patterns can be exploited for prediction and action. An additional complexity of these event-driven problems is that they are often continuous, with data streaming in over a long period of time or even indefinitely. This presents the need for discovery algorithms to repeatedly assimilate new data into the discovery process. However, reprocessing the accumulated data after receiving each new increment is often an intractable task because of the computational demands of most relational discovery methods.
We have developed an algorithm to mine relational data streams by summarizing discoveries from previous data increments so that the globally-best patterns can be computed by examining only the new data increment and isolated sets of sequentially-connected data that spans increment boundaries. Our algorithm will find pattern instances that span increment boundaries by using a targeted, localized search, based on the set of globally-best substructures, and an efficient graph exploration technique that restricts the range of the graph that must be explored.
Many continuous problems are also dynamic in nature, requiring discovery algorithms to be capable of recognizing and adapting to change over time. We introduce an algorithm with which we are able to use a measure of central tendency for a set of graphs, used to compute a representative point in graph space. We use these points, along with a distance metric, to measure change in sequential sets of the best patterns discovered from successive data increments. The objective of this work is to enable a method for measuring pattern drift in relational data streams, where the salient patterns may change in prevalence and structure over time. With a measure of central tendency for graph data, along with a method for calculating graph distance, we have a framework with which we can begin to adapt time-series techniques to relational data streams.


Abstract Synthetic biology is a field in-the-making: a loosely defined amalgamation of diverse disciplines, institutions and practices. Where some practitioners identify as scientists, others consider themselves engineers; while some extol the simplicity of standardised biology, others dismiss it as counterproductive. Three different communities in synthetic biology (epistemics, sceptical constructors and committed engineers) can be distinguished by way of their intentions, practices and promises. Synthetic biologists' promises shape policy-makers' expectations, which in turn shape institutional arrangements. These institutional arrangements then influence practitioners' promises in an iterative fashion. In both the USA and the UK, 'committed engineers' have succeeded in gaining support for an engineering-based and industry-centred vision of synthetic biology, which promises applications and economic growth. This group's intentions and promises have influenced policy-makers' expectations, which, in turn, have driven the major institutional developments in synthetic biology in the two countries. However, while the promises of the economic potential of this vision of the field have been embraced at policy levels, other aspects of this vision, such as the importance of enabling infrastructure, are often overlooked. In a sense, committed engineers' promises and rhetoric have been too successful, because they have overshadowed the institutional and infrastructural developments needed to make them a reality.


We numerically follow the nonlinear evolution of the Parker instability in the presence of phase transitions from a warm to a cold H i interstellar medium in two spatial dimensions. The nonlinear evolution of the system favours modes that allow the magnetic field lines to cross the galactic plane. Cold H i clouds form with typical masses ≃105 M⊙, mean densities ≃20 cm−3, mean magnetic-field strengths ≃4.3 μG (rms field strengths ≃6.4 μG), mass-to-flux ratios ≃0.1–0.3 relative to critical, temperatures ≃50 K, (two-dimensional) turbulent velocity dispersions ≃1.6 km s−1 and separations ≃500 pc, in agreement with observations. The maximum density and magnetic-field strength are ≃103 cm−3 and ≃20 μG, respectively. Approximately 60 per cent of all H i mass is in the warm neutral medium. The cold neutral medium is arranged into sheet-like structures both perpendicular and parallel to the galactic plane, but it is also found almost everywhere in the galactic plane, with the density being highest in valleys of the magnetic field lines. 'Cloudlets' also form whose physical properties are in quantitative agreement with those observed for such objects by Heiles. The nonlinear phase of the evolution takes ≲30 Myr, so that, if the instability is triggered by a nonlinear perturbation such as a spiral density shock wave, interstellar clouds can form within a time suggested by observations.


In this study an effort has been made to use per oxidases enzyme of bitter gourd (momordica charantia) and plant polyphenol oxidases enzymes of potato (solanum tuberosum) and brinjal (solanum melongena) for the treatment of various important dyes used in textile industries. Potato, brinjal and bitter gourd is a commonly available plant in India. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of peroxidase and poly phenol oxidases enzymes in the degradation of dyes present in textile effluents under various experimental conditions like pH, Time intervals and Enzyme concentration on the basis of the one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) method. And also evaluated the physico-chemical parameters of effluent after addition of enzyme extract. The maximum decolourisation of bitter gourd, potato and brinjal enzyme activity was achieved at pH 6.0, 10.0 and 3.0 with 4, 2 and 3 hrs of incubation and with an enzyme concentration of 0.8,0.6 and 1 ml. The maximum decolourisation percentage obtained by potato enzyme extract is 95% and hence this study results demonstrate that, among these three enzyme extracts the potato (Solanum Tuberosum) poly phenol oxidase enzyme is an effective biocatalyst for the treatment of effluents with dyes from textile industries and also most of the physico-chemical parameters values has also been reduced after addition of this enzyme extract.


As an important component in higher education, applied writing is closely comkined coith Personnel cultivation model, quality education and society adaption.


Purpose
This paper aims to review the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoint practical implications from cutting-edge research and case studies.

Design/methodology/approach
This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context.

Findings
This research paper concentrates on uncovering the extent of the inter-relationship of employee creativity, knowledge processes, and company performance in the service sector in Pakistan and the potential of a knowledge-based culture to fuel growth. The study confirms that employee creativity is nourished by new knowledge being delivered through efficient knowledge processes, and this creativity is a pure source of potential competitive advantage for a business.

Originality/value
The briefing saves busy executives and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.


SIR, Further to my report of Cutis Marmoarata telangiectatica {British Journal of Dermatology 1977, 97, 437) I wish to advise of the following development. The patient had a series of epileptic attacks on 8 August 1977, lost consciousness and died the following day. There was no previous history of epilepsy in her or her family. Postmortem showed that death was due to subdural haemorrhage and the pathologist noted several areas of dura mater each about 3 cm in length with dilated veins similar to those on the abdominal wall. Macroscopically and microscopically no other abnormality was shown. It seems likely that rupture of a dilated vessel in the brain caused this girl's death, although this type of cutaneous vascular abnormality is not usually associated with internal anomalies or haemorrhage.


This paper studies the role of overconfidence in political behavior. We posit a simple model of overconfidence in beliefs that is founded on correlational neglect. The model predicts that overconfidence leads to ideological extremeness, increased voter turnout, and increased strength of partisan identification. Moreover, the model makes many nuanced predictions about the patterns of ideology in society, and across time. We test these predictions using novel survey data that allows for the measurement of overconfidence, and find that the predicted relationships are statistically and substantively important. ∗We wish to thank Stephen Ansolabehere, Marc Meredith, Chris Tausanovitch, and Christopher Warshaw for sharing their data. The authors are indebted to Scott Ashworth, Ethan Bueno de Mesquita, John Bullock, Antonio Merlo, Matthew Rabin, Holger Sieg, Mike Ting, and Leeat Yariv for useful discussions. We also thank seminar participants at Chicago's Harris School, Harvard, the University of Maryland, and the University of Pennsylvania for thoughtful feedback.


Objective:To optimize the extraction process of polysaccharide in Lonicera Maackii. Methods:The content of polysaccharide was determined by water extracting-alcohol precipitateing and phenol-concentrated sulphuric acid. The influence of each factor was measured by orthogonal experiment. Results:The temperature had the greatest effect on the ex traction of polysaccharide. The optimal condition was as follows:90℃,and extraction 3 times(3 h each time) . Conclusion:This study provides the theory basis for the industrial production.


The purpose of this study was to identify the academic quality assurance practices that should be employed to attain teaching excellence at selected private higher education institutions in the city of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The study adopted a qualitative interpretive research design and utilized one-to-one, in-depth, semi-structured interviews with 12 participants. The sample was purposefully selected and comprised six faculty members, four program directors, one senior academic staff member, and one junior non-academic administrator, from three private higher education institutions in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Findings revealed four categories of practices: a) Must-keep practices, b) Must-modify practices, c) Must-add practices, and d) Must-avoid practices. Some of the practices relating to quality assurance that the study identified are maintaining important evaluation-related practices while providing feedback for improvement, closing the loop, educating all employees about and increasing their reengagement in quality assurance practice, and reducing paperwork and work duplication. This study concludes by recommending that higher education institutions employ the strategies discussed in the findings to promote teaching creativity and to improve the quality of teaching and learning, to achieve teaching excellence.


As editor of this collected volume, Georgios Papanagnou frames the various chapters with an introduction suggesting that the way to make social science relevant to policy involves questioning the technocratic orientation while also developing interpretive and critical approaches, bringing affected publics into policy deliberations, and fostering 'policy dialogue' between experts and citizens. With that overall focus, the book – a product of the MOST (Management of Social Transformations) program of UNESCO – includes 10 essays that generally advance conceptual and theoretical arguments along with case studies: Bent Flyvbjerg on making social science matter, Douglas Torgerson on reconsidering the limits of instrumental rationality, Luk van Langenhove with a case for a participatory approach, Steven Griggs and David Howarth on the relationship between policy expertise and critical evaluation, Philippe Zittoun on whether the relationship between knowledge and politics in policy processes is contradictory or complementary, Fred Carden with a field experience perspective on influencing policy, Diane Stone on the relationship of knowledge networks to transnational policy processes, Stella Ladi on think tanks in connection with changes in discourse and policy, Nikos Kastrinos on the prospects for the policy involvement of social sciences and humanities in the European Union, and Carlos R.S. Milani on the limits of the evidence-based approach in the context of international organizations and national policy.


In this note we establish existence of solutions of singular boundary value problem $-(p(x)y^{\prime }(x))^{\prime}=q(x)f(x,y,py')$ for $0< x\leq b$ and $y'(0)=0$, $\alpha_{1}y(b)+\beta_{1}p(b)y^{\prime}(b)=\gamma_{1}$ with $p(0)=0$ and $q(x)$ is integrable. Regions of multiple solutions have also been determined.


All Polychaeta (Annelida) described from New Zealand in the 19th and early 20th Century are reviewed in an historical sequence from the first species described ‐ the serpuhd Vermetus cariniferus Gray, 1843, which was inadvertently classified as a vermetid mollusc ‐ to Dawbinia aucklandica, a species of problematical identity described by W B Benham in his last paper We organise the scattered information on purported New Zealand endemic polychaetes and their type localities, update information on the type repositories, and tabulate all taxonomic references to extrahmital species up to 1950 In comparison, taxa named since 1950 are less enigmatic and we briefly summarise taxonomic effort during this period We also tabulate New Zealand taxa described in the last two decades since the most recent catalogue Based on this taxonomic review we conservatively estimate the diversity of New Zealand's polychaete fauna as 53 families, 243 genera/subgenera and 471 species/subspecies, however, we recognise that the numbe...


The use of drones for environmental monitoring in mountain areas is considered a very effective and innovative method to improve natural disaster prevention and tourism safety. However, several factors and extreme atmospheric conditions affect drones performance in this type of application. This paper introduces a new test methodology to characterise and validate a drone and its batteries under specific, variable and possibly critical environmental conditions requirements, simulated through several temperature and pressure condition variations. A series of performance tests have been carried out in an indoor facility for extreme climate simulation. These experiments have been focused specifically on the endurance of the drone for the correct planning of operations, on the limits of the payload to be integrated on board and on the robustness of the entire technological solution under specific environmental conditions. The results obtained confirmed the effectiveness of the method to be affirmed. The analysis of the tests presented gave the possibility to characterise with high detail the features and performance of the drone and the entire system employed. Furthermore, some future developments have been identified in order to improve the completeness and the integrity of the methodology.


The main purpose of this paper is to develop a consistent method for evaluating boundary and internal stresses in order to satisfy the momentum conservation discretized by a finite element method (FEM) in a LES (Large Eddy Simulation). The paper focuses on the following two aspects : (1) investigation of a stability method to calculate the divergence form for the convection term at a high Reynolds number, particularly in the LES, and (2) development of a post-processing technique to calculate Reynolds stresses consistently with a discretized Navier-Stakes equation. To achive numerical stability, a one-point quadrature is used to integrate the divergence form of the convection term. The post-processing technique has been developed such that the boundary and the internal Reynolds stresses are treated as unknown values and their weak solutions are solved using the Galerkin FEM. The present method has been applied to a turbulent channel flow. As a result, the Reynolds stress by the present method has shown better agreement with the DNS (Direct Numerical Simulation) data than that by the conventional nodal evaluation method.


Quantum teleportation has important applications in quantum computation and quantum communication.Two protocols for transmitting an unknown single-photon state and an unknown non-maximally entangled EPR state are presented by using the three-photon state via collective rotation noise channel.The protocols can also be generalized to teleport multi-photon state.


Sonata Theory recognizes five types of sonatas based
on their rotational designs. The first movement of most
eighteenth-century concertos is classified as a Type 5 sonata
(concerto movement) and is the most complicated sonata design due
to the great variation that exists among individual Type 5
movements. This document contains a brief introduction to Hepokoski
and Darcy's Sonata Theory and a summary of the Type 5 sonata.
Chapters two, three, and four are extensive studies and analyses of
the clarinet concertos composed by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Louis
Spohr, and Carl Maria von Weber. Comprehensive comparisons of these
concertos are provided at the end of chapters three and four.
Diagrams 2, 3, and 4 are the result of examining these concerto
movements. They indicate the sections, zones, and modules of a
sonata form in the movements. Appendix A is a list of terms and
abbreviations that are used in the analyses. In addition, Hepokoski
and Darcy's Type 5 sonata default settings and options are included
in Appendix B.


FACTORS CONTRIBUTE TO HYPERTENSION IN RURAL AREAS (Data Analysis of Basic Health Research 2007) The increasing of blood-pressure is a one main risk factor to stroke and heart diseases. Blood-pressure increased could be caused by genetic factor, as well as beha viour and environment which might triggered the risk factor. This was much worst with the absence of the particular symptoms, therefore the increasing of blood-pressure was unrealized and could be resulted a very serious impact. Some studies shown that hypertension prevalens were continously rising in a young age group. This analysis aimed to identify factors influenced the rising of blood-pressure for preventing effort. Data sources for this study were Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) 2007. Blood-pressure was measured by using Digital Sphygmoma-nometer. The sample size consisted of 18,601 respondents, included age above 15 years old both males and females from 10 percent of urban area in Indonesia. A multivariate analysis had been done for describing factors influenced the blood-pressure increased. The results shown that respondents ≥ 45 years were the most contributed factor for the inceasing of blood-pressure (OR=2,4), followed by overweight-obese (OR=2,3), obese-central (OR=1,6), hyperglychemic (OR=1,5), duration of smoking (OR=1,5), mental disorder (OR=1,3), economic status (OR=1,2), and unmarried status (OR=1,2). On the otherhand, the better consumption grilled foods, and foods with preservatives might reduce the bloodpressure of respondents (anova, p=0,000). Prediction asumption towards blood-pressure based on those factors was 16,0 percent (R-squared). This study showed that lifestyle modification is essential in preventing urban adults from hypertension. Targeting adults with promotional efforts Healthy Behavior to raise awareness of risk factors for hypertension. Keywords : factors, hypertention, urban


The effect of system voltage distortion on the performance of a thyristor controlled reactor (TCR) type of compensator is examined. Toward this end, the real and imaginary values of harmonic current through the TCR, and the optimal gating angle that controls it, are calculated with a view toward minimizing the RMS value of the supply current and to achieving an optimum power factor (PF). The precision of the formulae obtained, assuming an equal conduction angle of the thyristors in the two half periods, is compared with the results achieved using two different methods for simulating the TCR, one by means of a Pascal program and the other with PSPICE. The optimum PF values, calculated by analytical methods that use the conventional formulation (which assumes that the voltage waveform is sinusoidal), are compared with those obtained using the formulation developed here. >


Background. Calcineurin inhibitor-induced renal dysfunction is a major problem in liver transplantation. Interleukin-2 receptor antagonist induction followed by delayed tacrolimus (Tac) administration may minimize the renal insult without compromising immunoprotection. Methods. This open, randomized, multicenter trial evaluated the benefit of daclizumab induction with delayed Tac on renal function at 6 months; an observational study was continued for 18 months. Liver transplant patients with a 12-hr serum creatinine (SrC) level less than 180 &mgr;mol/L received either delayed Tac with daclizumab induction (n=98) or standard Tac (n=101) both combined with mycophenolate mofetil and steroids. The primary endpoint was the incidence of SrC level more than 130 &mgr;mmol/L at 6 months. Results. The incidence was 22.4% with delayed Tac and 29.7% with standard Tac (P=ns), which remained unchanged at 12 months (21.6% and 23.9%) but increasing slightly at 24 months (29.0% and 32.9%), respectively. A post hoc analysis of renal function was done based on patients stratification by SrC at 12 hr (≤100&mgr;mol/L or >100 &mgr;mol/L) showing no difference in SrC values at 6 months regardless of the 12-hr values despite a trend toward better estimated glomerular filtration rate for patients with 12-hr value less than 100 &mgr;mol/L in the delayed Tac group. Biopsy-proven acute rejection was similar at 6 months (17.5% and 18.75%), 12 months (23.5% and 23.8%), and 24 months (24.5% and 25.7%), respectively. Patient and graft survival in both groups were comparable and good. Similar types and incidences of adverse events were reported in both groups at all time. Conclusions. Delay of Tac does not benefit renal function in liver transplant recipients with a good renal function at baseline.


Restoration of posterior teeth with different extents of tissue loss has been a matter of debate in the literature. There are several recommendations and guidelines on when, how, and why to perform adhesive restorations (onlays, overlays, and endocrowns) or resistance form restorations (full-contour resistive crowns). In Part I of this three-part article series, the authors focused on adhesive partial restorations. In that article, the evidence was extensively described, and a clinically reasonable thought process was suggested for these decisions based on Coverage of susceptible cusps, Adhesion advantages and limitations, Resistance forms to be implemented, Esthetic concerns, and Subgingival management - the CARES concept. Now, in Part II, the focus is on clinical decisions for full-contour resistive crowns regarding their indications based on remaining tooth structure, materials, and different preparation designs as well as the particularities of vertical marginal preparations, perio-restorative considerations, and esthetic challenges.


The need for information regarding the spatial distribution of the area of origin of students who are currently studying at the Manado State University (UNIMA) is very important because the information built can provide useful input for planning, development, or evaluation. So that the distribution of the areas of origin of students who are studying at UNIMA can be mapped properly, an information system based on Geographical Information Systems (GIS) can be built according to its geographic location. This study aims to create and present information about the spatial distribution of students from UNIMA through GIS. Quantitative type research methods with a spatial analysis approach (spatial analysis) using secondary data. Data analysis techniques through Geographical Information Systems (GIS) to create a digital map of the spatial distribution of student origin using OpenStreetMap and Quantum GIS Zanzibar 3.8.1. The results showed that the spatial distribution of the area from which UNIMA students used GIS, made it easier to present information through digital maps. The information system created can display the distribution data of the student's area of origin, namely the number of students from each province in Indonesia and especially in the form of a distribution map. The largest distribution of student origin came from North Sumatra Province with 1,209, followed by South Sulawesi Province with 893 and North Maluku Province with 650 students.


The anthracene derivatives are confirmed as a series of luminescent material with good development prospect and practical value.9-bromoanthracene is the important intermedium for the synthesis of other deriva tives.In this thesis,9-bromoanthracene was prepared by bromination anthracene,then 9-Anthraceneboronic acid was synthesized by the reaction of 9-bromoanthracene with butyl lithium.The conditions which influence the reac tion result were investigated and discussed,the yield of 79.8% was achieved in the temperature condition of below-70℃.The process route adopted in the thesis is reasonable with short reaction time and high yield.


Professionals have a unique capacity to encourage, distract, inform, and limit democratic deliberation. The contributors to this symposium share a belief in what can be called "democratic professionalism," the view that a number of key professions have civic roles to play in contemporary democracy and that such civic roles both strengthen the legitimacy of professional authority and render that authority more transparent and more vulnerable to public influence. In distinct ways, each contributor shows how professionals can help mobilize citizen participation inside and outside their professional domains. Significantly, the contributors to this symposium draw atten tion to "democratic professional" activities that are already hav ing an impact on civic life. We reflect on contemporary reform movements within professions, such as the restorative justice movement. And we notice how social movements, such as the battered women's movement, have helped activate democratic professionals. We observe that in seeking to change governing norms of practice within the academy, medicine, law, and else where, reform-minded professionals have demonstrated how their own domains can have positive democratic potential. Reformers described in these pieces raise the intriguing possibility that pro fessionals might have a hand in helping reverse the depressing trends of diminished trust, efficacy, and participation in con temporary democracy. Why would professionals seek out more democratic roles and encourage, for example, more lay participation in their decision making? Our essays point to a number of motivating factors. A merely commercialor technocratic-minded professionalism is vulnerable to problems of legitimacy stemming from its remote ness from the publics served. As William Sullivan argues, pro fessionals are given social status and legal protections to serve social purposes; failures to live up to this "social compact" can lead to loss of status and protection. And as Frank Fischer points out, professionals who do not work closely with lay people to establish relations of trust and to adjust to local knowledge can not adequately address complex policy problems. Professionals more embedded in the civic life of their communities can do a


In the space environments, the size and weight of composite materials will produce small changes. In order to measure the small changes accurately, a micro-deformation measurement device has been designed. The carbon fiber tube was made from cyanate ester resin or epoxy resin was tested in vacuum and hygrothermal environments. The deformation in the vacuum test is -1.7 to 3.8 microns, in the hygrothermal test, the deformation is -1.3 to -6.4 microns. The same as theoretical analysis, the environmental stability of cyanate ester resin better than epoxy resin.


The structural and magnetic properties of Fe73.5Si13.5B9Cu1Nb3 alloy wire and ribbon have been studied after thermal treatments up to temperatures at which partial (75%) devitrification to a nanocrystalline structure occurs. Nanocrystals are detected by x‐ray diffraction only after treatments around 500 °C, while differential scanning calorimetry studies suggest that substantial structural change is inititiated at a much lower temperature (about 400°). A clear magnetic hardening is observed in samples heated within the temperature range 400–480 °C. This phenomenon is also accompanied by an increase of the linear magnetostriction. These effects are discussed in terms of the local structural rearrangements produced during the first stages of the crystallization process. The study is also extended partly to FeSiB, FeSiBCu, and FeSiBNb alloys.


Civil procedure is a challenging course for most first year law students. Part of the challenge for our students comes from confronting new and exciting ideas about dispute resolution. But part of it also comes from the difficulty of relating the course to anything they already understand – the students lack context, and context matters. And if we don't engage them through active learning, we compound the problem. Our students arrive in our classrooms knowing something about the operation of the criminal law. (More than a few have probably experienced it more closely than they would have preferred.) They probably think they know something about the concepts that underlie our foundational courses in Torts, Contracts and Property. But few of them have had much contact with our civil dispute resolution system. As educators, we have responded by trying to provide context and engage them through active learning, by assigning them to read fictional and non-fictional accounts of cases; having them participate in litigation-oriented pro bono or clinical projects; recommending movies; passing out pleadings; using CALI exercises; incorporating moot court arguments into our courses; combining civil procedure with First Year Writing courses; inviting lawyers and/or judges as guest lecturers to talk about their cases; asking them to read stories about the background of cases we assign; using problem sets; experimenting with experiential approaches to learning; and (as an experiential approach) organizing our syllabi around simulation problems based on actual or simulated case-files. All of these strategies are potentially useful, but the most useful require a substantial time commitment, which is increasingly challenging as the number of units reserved for civil procedure is reduced. In this essay, I describe how I use a simulated case-file from which I assign regular drafting exercises that are already largely completed, so that the students only have to draft the key portion of the pleading or brief. I call this the 90% solution, since 90% of the work is already done, but the final 10% preserves most of the educational benefit of using simulation. I then review the literature on how others have addressed this problem, and on the value of context and active learning in legal education, and relate it to the benefits of using a simulated case-file using my 90% solution.


After more than 30 years of dealing with excessive crying in young infants, I would offer the seemingly inconsistent judgment that the problem is exasperating yet fascinating and gratifying. In this commentary, I shall explain this apparent contradiction and point out the extent to which the article by Barr and associates illustrates this view.
 The exasperation of coping with "colic," or excessive crying, comes from several sources. The crying is unpleasant for the infant, for the family, and for those trying to help them. Most of the literature advising parents concerning this problem is not helpful, being usually pessimistic or inappropriately directed.


An endeavor has been made to investigate the performance of a magnetic fluid based squeeze film between rough circular plates while the upper plate has a porous facing of variable porous matrix thickness. The bearing surfaces are transversely rough. The random roughness of the bearing surfaces is characterized by a random variable with non- zero mean, variance and skewness. The associated Reynolds' equation is stochastically averaged with respect to the random roughness parameter and is solved with appropriate boundary conditions. The results for bearing performance characteristics such as pressure, load carrying capacity and response time for different values of mean, standard deviation and measure of symmetry are numerically computed and presented graphically. First of all it is observed that these performance characteristics increase with the increasing magnetization parameter thereby, suggesting that the performance of the bearing with magnetic fluid lubricant is better than that with the conventional lubricant. It is noticed that the bearing suffers owing to transverse surface roughness. However, the negatively skewed roughness tends to increase the load carrying capacity. Moreover, there is a very significant observation that with a proper selection of the thickness ratio parameter a magnetic fluid based squeeze film bearing with variable porous matrix thickness in the case of negatively skewed roughness can be made to perform considerably better than that of a conventional porous bearing with an uniform porous matrix thickness working with a conventional lubricant. In addition, this article makes it clear that by choosing properly the thickness ratio parameter and the strength of the magnetic field, the adverse impact induced by roughness on the bearing system can be minimized in the case of negatively


Abstraсt. The article presents the results of experimental studies of the mechanisms of action of an electromagnetic microwave field on the structure of water. The experiments made it possible to establish that under microwave action those part of the infrared frequency range of spectrum are excited that are responsible for the interactions between molecular clusters of the structure of matter. Some resonance frequencies of the emission spectrum are slightly shifted relative to the peak frequencies of the absorption spectrum. This indicates the nonlinear nature of the emission spectrum. The relaxation time of such excitations is measured in tens of minutes. The presence of such a memory of water suggests that the effect of the action of the microwave field can be accumulated.


Due to the complex and closed environment in underground coal mines,it is very difficult to obtain more comprehensive and accurate accident information when a major gas accident occurs.This study investigates the case-based reasoning emergency decision method based on scenario retrieval,and then develops an emergency decision process.In addition,the study introduces a structural similarity calculation method to improve K-nearest neighbour algorithm,and proposes a dual retrieval strategy based on structure and attribute retrieval.The case study results show that the method can overcome the drawbacks of inaccuracy in similarity calculation due to lack of attribute values,and avoid the invalidation of retrieval system caused by information loss.Consequently,the study improves the effectiveness and accuracy of case retrieval,and provides a more complete and valuable reference information for efficient and accurate emergency decision.


Reaction products by the reactions at 50°C between DPPH and hydroaromatics in the presence of oxygen were investigated, and the following results were obtained(1) Octahydrophenanthrene (OHP), synthetic H/D (derived from coal, multi-component, effective toward deteriorations of hydrocarbon products) and HHAP (derived from petroleum, multicomponent, effective toward deteriorations of hydrocarbon products) exhibited greater radical scavenging abilities than tetralin.(2) The formation of N, N-diphenyl-N'-picrylhydrazine (the hydrate of DPPH) was confirmed.(3) In the case of the addition of tetralin, about 20% of the disappearance of hydrazyl radicals is attributive to the dehydrogenation of tetralin, but about 80% of that can be supposed to be attributive to the oxidation products from tetralin. However, in the case of the addition of OHP, 98% of the disappearance of the radicals can be attributed to the dehydrogenation of OHP.From these results, OHP can be thought to behave differently from tetralin in the presence of oxygen, and these results can support the previous experimental results that the deteriorations of the hydrocarbon products are inhibited by hydroaromatic type inhibitors.


This article reports on the 2007 International Riversymposium and Environmental Flow Conference held in Brisbane, Australia. The conference featured more than 150 presentations describing the ongoing degradation of rivers and the socioeconomic effects the degradation is having on the people who depend on rivers for their livelihoods. Some of the presentations also offered some field‐tested solutions for better protecting or restoring rivers. Particular focus was given to maintaining adequate river flows (referred to as environmental flows or instream flows). Some of the world's largest rivers now dry up on a regular basis before reaching the sea because their waters are heavily used for irrigation and as urban water supplies. Conference participants reached a consensus that there is no single, scientifically correct answer to the question of how much water a river needs to remain healthy. They concluded that the environmental flow needs of a particular river should instead be determined through an integrated social and scientific dialogue in which societal goals for the river are first defined. The article provides copies of The Brisbane Declaration and Global Action Agenda (summary findings and a global action agenda that addresses the urgent need to protect rivers globally).


The ARP poisoning problem is very serious, as it compromises data confidentiality in local networks. This problem has no ideal solution so far. An important cause of the lack of solution for this problem is the difficulty to study the real length of the problem and to enumerate all the possible ways of completing an attack. The attack trees show information in an organized way, ideal for quick understanding. This work shows different methods to poison ARP's cache under different operating systems. These methods were implemented with an automated testing tool for ARP poisoning. The results obtained from these research were used to build attack trees, which represent a useful resource to the information security community, as they offer before unavailable information. Furthermore, it makes the evaluation if possible solutions for the above mentioned problem an easier task.


Just a game away from a possible state championship, the Franklin Sabers were forced to forfeit a game against Oak Creek due to COVID-19 precautions.


My article is going to be traditionally philosophical. I do not have suitable empirical data in hand, I do not use the latest scientific discoveries here, I even find it difficult to have a current overview of the theories in science, simply because there are too many of them, and they are too sophisticated. I do not treat it as an advantage, but I do not think it is a disadvantage, either – especially taking into account the context I want to explore here. I am going to sketch the theoretical background which has to be embedded in philosophy if we want to put the questions about the possibility of the integration between philosophical perspectives and scientific views in a comprehensible form. I am going to consider the role of philosophy in reformulating the basic and important philosophical notions. I argue that we should take some Wittgensteinian methodological advice seriously. We should and could make philosophy the intellectual area in which we can re-flect upon, re-define and re-formulate the Ruch FilozoFiczny


Previous behavioural experiments showed that snapping shrimp lacking lateral antennular filaments, i.e. without chemosensory aesthetascs, lose the ability to distinguish between conspecifics that are inexperienced in fighting and former winners. A chemosensory dominance signal was assumed to be present, although other receptors unique to the lateral filaments may have been responsible for the behavioural changes. In the present study, the antennules of snapping shrimp were examined for differences between the lateral and medial antennule filaments to identify the modality of the dominance signal. We found six different types of setae and two types of pores. A new probably bimodal setal type is described, the broad long simple seta. Only the chemosensory aesthetascs and their associated hydrosensory companion setae are unique to the lateral filament. Thus we conclude that the dominance signal is chemical, because a hydrodynamic signal would be also received by the simple setae distributed on both filaments.


The classical 4-f imaging setup is widely used in optical interconnects because it offers telecentricity and good imaging performance for extended fields. As shown in Fig. 1, one important feature of this setup is that all the object distance d1, the image distance d2 and the focal length f are the same. However, design restrictions in practical setups often do not allow one to choose the parameters d1, d2 and f in this way. This is particularly the case for planar-integrated free-space optical interconnects [1]. To overcome this disadvantage and to provide additional design freedom, we propose here a generalized confocal imaging system, shown in Fig. 2.


The method is presented for instant estimation of vibration signature based on spectrum analysis of phase-modulated (PM) light pulses. The light pulses are reflected from optical markers on the machine shaft and illuminated with the narrow light beam. The pulses are phase modulated by the shaft vibration. Due to the low modulation index, the PM sidebands are the true image of the vibration spectrum. The method is useful for instant estimation of vibration signature on machines that are not instrumented for shaft vibration measurement and where the casing vibration does not give the signature of rotor dynamics.


We present in this paper some important properties of a reduced port-controlled hamiltonian (PCH) model for the shallow water equations also called Saint-Venant equations used to model water dynamics in open channels and rivers. The convergence of the reduced finite dimensional spectrum to the original infinite dimensional one is established. The comparison of the reduced model transfer functions with the infinite dimensional ones exhibits the convergence of the reduced transfer functions to the infinite dimensional ones with respect to the resolution of the reduction scheme.


The main scientific problems of chemical bonding were solved half a century ago, but adequate philosophical understanding of chemical combination is yet to be achieved. Chemists routinely use important terms ("element," "atom," "molecule," "substance") with more than one meaning. This can lead to misunderstandings. Eliminativists claim that what seems to be a baseball breaking a window is merely the action of "atoms, acting in concert." They argue that statues, baseballs, and similar macroscopic things "do not exist." When macroscopic objects like baseballs move, exceedingly large numbers (∼1025) of microscopic components coordinate their activities. Understanding how this happens requires attention to the interactions that link parts into larger units. Eliminativists say that everything that truly exists has causal relationships in addition to those of its components—"nonredundant causality." This paper holds that if a number of entities interact in such a way that the effect of that collection on test objects is different than it would have been in the absence of the interaction, then identification of that collection as a single composite agent is warranted, for purposes to which that difference is relevant. Ordinary "chemical substances" (both elementary materials such as dihydrogen and compounds such as water) fulfill this version of the requirement of nonredundant causality. Other sorts of chemical coherences, including chemical dissipative structures (e.g., flames), also fulfill that criterion. All these types of coherences qualify as "substances" (as that term is used in philosophy) even though they are not all "chemical substances."


The study investigated the choice of behaviour management techniques amongst primary school teachers. Three research questions and three null hypotheses guided the study.  A structured questionnaire was developed and used to elicit information from 163 primary school teachers in the Obollo-Afor Education zone of Enugu State.  Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions.  t-test  statistics was used to test the first hypothesis while Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to analyse the second and third hypotheses. Findings of the study revealed the behaviour management techniques used by practicing teachers in the zone and showed that there is a significant difference in the teacher's choice of these techniques due to teachers gender, educational qualification and age. Based on the findings, recommendations, conclusions and counselling implications were highlighted. Key words: Behaviour, Management, Techniques, Teachers, Primary School, Counselling


Uniform 5μm diameter Cu/Ni/Sn micro-bump array has been fabricated by multilayer electrodeposition, and the effect of Ni barrier thickness (0μm, 0.42μm, 0.67μm, 1.12μm) on microstructure evolution and growth behaviors of Intermetallic Compounds (IMCs) have been studied through SEM and EDS. It has been found that the thicker the Ni layer, the slower the rate of IMCs growth. The diffusion coefficient of Cu/Ni/Sn system with 0μm, 0.42μm, 1.12μm Ni is calculated to be 7.46×10−17m2s−1, 5.51×10−17m2s−1, and 1.71×10−17m2s−1 for total IMCs, respectively. In the Sn/0.42μm Ni/Cu system, (Cu,Ni)<inf>6</inf>Sn<inf>5</inf> is formed firstly. After the consumption of Ni layer, the growth behavior of Cu<inf>6</inf>Sn<inf>5</inf> and Cu<inf>3</inf>Sn is similar to that of the Sn/Cu system; In the Sn/1.12μm Ni/Cu system, 1.12μm Ni barrier layer can form Ni3Sn4 preventing Cu atoms from diffusing into Sn phase and there is almost no formation of (Cu,Ni)<inf>6</inf>Sn<inf>5</inf>.


Research on MapReduce tasks scheduling method for the hybrid cloud environment to meet QoS is of great significance. Considering that traditional scheduling algorithms cannot fully maximize efficiency of the private cloud and minimize costs under the public cloud, this paper proposes a MapReduce task optimal scheduling algorithm named MROSA to meet deadline and cost constraints. Private cloud scheduling improves the Max-Min strategy, reducing job execution time. The algorithm improves the resource utilization of the private cloud and the QoS satisfaction. In order to minimize the public cloud cost, public cloud scheduling based on cost optimization selects the best public cloud resources according to the deadline. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm in this paper has less job execution time, higher QoS satisfaction than the Fair scheduler and FIFO scheduler. It also has more cost savings and shorter job completion time than recent similar studies.


To the Editor: Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is the most common cause of sporadic fatal encephalitis across the globe and for all ages. HSV is the etiologic agent of 10%–20% of the 20,000 cases of encephalitis per year in the United States (1); >50% of untreated cases are fatal. Of the 2 types of HSV, HSV-1 and HSV-2, HSV-1 most commonly affects persons 20–40 years of age, whereas HSV-2 commonly affects neonates. This rapidly progressive disease is a common cause of fatal encephalitis in the United States. Signs and symptoms include fever and headache for a few days, followed by confusion, focal deficits, seizures or hemiparesis, hallucinations, and altered levels of consciousness (2). One third of all HSV encephalitis cases afflict children and adolescents. Lumbar puncture typically shows lymphocytic pleocytosis, increased erythrocytes, and elevated protein (2); glucose level is typically within normal limits. Serologic assays often show prior infection. Brain imaging frequently indicates unilateral frontal or temporal lobe abnormalities with edema or hematoma (3,4). The involvement of the nondominant brain hemisphere is associated with atypical signs and symptoms (5). Diagnosis is usually made by using PCR to examine viral DNA in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) (6). This method of finding DNA in CSF is highly sensitive (98%) and specific (94%–100%). Without therapy, 70% of patients die; with therapy, 20%–30% die (6). Illness includes behavioral sequelae.

A 43-year-old female immigrant from China was admitted to Flushing Hospital Medical Center in Flushing, New York, with complaints of headache, fever, and vomiting, which she had experienced for ≈1 week. She had no photophobia, confusion, or rash; neurologic examination found no abnormalities. CSF contained 81 leukocytes with 82% lymphocytes, 3 erythrocytes, protein at 194 mg/dL, and glucose at 67 mg/dL. CSF was positive for HSV-1 viral DNA by PCR. A computed tomography (CT) scan of the head showed unilateral temporal lobe edema. Intravenous acyclovir 10 mg/kg every 8 hours was administered. HIV test was negative. On day 5, a repeat CT scan showed worsening edema and hemorrhage, despite clinical improvement (Figure). CSF contained 490 leukocytes with 99% lymphocytes and protein at 336 mg/dL. After continued treatment with parenteral acyclovir, the patient's symptoms resolved. On day 12, the patient was discharged after a final CT scan showed resolution of hemorrhage and edema and CSF contained decreased leukocytes and protein.

Figure

Computed tomography scan showing hemorrhage in edematous part of brain of patient with herpes simplex virus encephalitis, day 5 of hospitalization.

Although this patient had classic signs of meningitis without encephalitis, the CT scan of the head showed cerebral involvement. These factors can be explained by the location of cerebral inflammation in the nondominant lobe of the brain, thereby masking signs of encephalitis. The classic teaching that viral meningitis may not need treatment may miss the occasional viral encephalitis if brain imaging and CSF PCR are not performed. Failure to perform these tests may lead to illness and death from HSV encephalitis if this disease is not considered as a possible diagnosis.


Experimentally, we modeled temporary brain ischemia in rats, occurring during a surgical intervention on carotids. Popular cerebroprotectors and the medications undergoing preclinical studies were used for brain protection. The evaluation was performed, based on NOS1, NOS3, TRAIL expression. We concluded that the neuroprotectors were effective during the surgery on brachiocephalic arteries.


Molecular techniques such as restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis, random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) fingerprinting, and DNA sequencing and database comparison, were employed to identify fungi isolated from field-grown cotton plants (Gossypium hirsutum L.). DNA fragments of between 510 and 590 bp, representing the two rDNA (rDNA) internal transcribed spacers (ITS1 and ITS2) and the intervening 5.8S rRNA gene, were amplified from the fungi with eukaryotic consensus primers. Subsequent digestion with the restriction endonucleases AluI, CfoI, HaeIII, HinfI and HpaII enabled the allotment of all 57 isolates to 13 different groups. Restriction analysis was supported by RAPD–PCR analysis of multiple isolates and rDNA sequencing of representative fungi from each group. Sequence alignment and comparison with rDNA sequences of other fungi available in GenBank allowed for putative identification of three different taxa of Fusarium, two taxa each of Cladosporium, Diaporthe and Nectria, and one taxon each of Alternaria, Ampelomyces, Bartalinia, Phaeosphaeria and Rhizoctonia. Many of the stem-colonising fungi identified in this study are either pathogenic on cotton or have elsewhere been found to act as biocontrol agents.


Shader architecture is one of the fastest growing fields in the ever advancing 3D graphics, and massive amounts of ideas and technologies are being introduced to the market continuously. In this paper, we present a flexible cycle-accurate simulation environment to accelerate and alleviate the process of developing and verifying these ideas and technologies. Combination of 3D graphics API and hardware simulator allows OpenGL applications to be emulated off-the-shelf for a given shader micro-architecture. Easily modified parameters allow the simulation environment to be tailored to specific demands or requirements.


Article history: Received: 12 July 2012 Accepted: 10 Oct 2012 Available online: 29 June 2013 ZJRMS 2014; 16 (2):64-67 Background: Catalase enzyme plays an important role in the anti-oxidation defense of body so it is important to measure its activity. Nowadays catalase activity measurement is performed by expensive imported kits in various scientific fields. The purpose of this study was to design a sensitive fluorimetry method for measuring catalase activity with improved sensitivity, accuracy and speed. Materials and Methods: In this study, the reaction of hydrogen peroxide with peroxidase (as a reaction accelerator) was used in fluorimetry for catalase activity measuring in serum samples in order to increase the sensitivity of the assay. The sensitivity and intraand inter-assay accuracy, verification test, recovery and parallelism tests, comparison method and correlation and coherence investigation methods were also performed. In order to increase the accuracy and speed of reading, the assay was performed in microplates and reading was done in fluorimetry plates. Results: The percentage of intraand inter-assay variation coefficients were measured 3.86.6 % and 4.1-7.3%, respectively. Comparison of the results of mentioned method for 50 serum samples with common colorimetric method showed a good correlation (0.917). In assessing the accuracy, the recovery percent was obtained 91% to 107%. The test sensitivity was measured 0.02 IU/ml. Conclusion: The fluorimetry method by microplate reading has a sufficient precision, accuracy and efficiency for catalase activity measuring as well as speed of measurement. Thus it can be an alternative method to conventional imported colorimetric methods. Copyright © 2014 Zahedan University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved.


In the august issue of the CRi, Nathalie Smuha, the coordinator of the work of the High-Level Expert Group on AI, outlined the approach and considerations leading to the "The EU Approach to Ethics Guidelines for Trustworthy Artificial Intelligence".This paper provides a critical assessment of the Ethical Guidelines of the EU Commission and points out why a law enforcement focused approach must be the essential next step towards a beneficial and humane development of AI. Questioning the diversity of the Commssion's High Level Expert Group on Artificial Intelligence, the dangers of ethics shopping are exposed as well as the UN Universal Declaration of Human Rights explored as already well established alternative reference framework for AI. Having exposed the need for effective red lines, not only the hidden social and ecological cost are assessed, but also the risk of "buying-out" research and other ethical issues neglected in the Ethics Guidelines for Trustworthy Artificial Intelligence. Finally, three key weaknesses concerning the crucial translation of ethical principles into practice (enforcement) are highlighted.


Data-driven sparse signal reconstruction envisions a new dimension of sensor designing protocol via jointly learn the measurement matrices (MM) and signal reconstruction through deep neural networks (DNN) to outperform classical sparse reconstruction approaches. However, in many real-world applications, these data-driven approaches cannot be applied directly due to learning the MMs with arbitrary values thus ignoring the physical constraints of the measurements. To this end, we propose novel loss functions to incorporate the effects of constraining the measurements with the values like ±1 or binary values to train the DNN for learning the constrained MMs. We also incorporate a mutual coherence term in the loss function to find a more optimized MMs in the constrained settings of the measurements. Results obtained over the CIFAR-10 image database show that the proposed deep learning architectures utilizing the constraint terms in the loss function provide improve reconstruction over the state-of-the-art compared techniques.


Oil shows observed in Cambrian Observatory Hill Beds, intersected during recent stratigraphic drilling of SADME Byilkaoora-1 in the Officer Basin, indicate that oil has been generated within the basin. Shows vary in character from "light" oils exuding from fractures through to heavy viscous bitumen in vugs in carbonate rocks of a playa-lake sequence. The oils are immature and belong to two primary genetic families with some oils severely biodegraded. The less altered oils are rich in the C13 - C25 and C30 acyclic isoprenoid alkanes. Source beds within the evaporitic sequence contain 0.5 - 1.0% total organic carbon and yield up to 1900 ppm solvent-extractable organic matter. Oil-source rock correlations indicate that the oils originated within those facies drilled; this represents the first reported examples of non-marine Cambrian petroleum. The main precursor organisms were benthonic algae and various bacteria. Studies of organic matter in Cambrian strata from five other stratigraphic wells in the basin reveal regional variations in hydrocarbon source potential that relate to differences in precursor microbiota and/or depositional environment and regional maturation. Micritic carbonates of marine sabkha origin, located along the southeast margin of the basin, are rated as marginally mature to mature and good to prolific sources of oil. Further north and adjacent to the Musgrave Block, Cambrian siltstones and shales have low organic carbon values and hydrocarbon yields, and at best are only marginally mature. Varieties of organic matter recognised during petrographic studies of carbonates in the Officer Basin include lamellar alginite (alginite B) and "balls" of bitumen with reflectance in the range 0.2 to 1.4%.


Recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) is a skin fragility disorder caused by mutations in the COL7A1 gene encoding type VII collagen, a cutaneous basement membrane component essential for epidermal–dermal adhesion. Hallmarks of the disease are unremitting blistering and chronic wounds with severe inflammation and fibrosis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are post‐transcriptional regulators of gene expression also implicated in fibrotic processes. However, the role of miRNAs in RDEB fibrosis is almost unexplored.


Adams, Christie, Joy, Sanford, and Wilson record that the velocity of approach of "component i" in the absorption spectrum of Nova Herculis decreased from —250 km/sec on Dec. 15.0 to —180 on Dec. 17.5 (after which it fluctuated, with a decreasing tendency). The obvious suggestion that the change arose from the gravitational attraction of the central star deserves discussion. Let the Sun's mass, the Earth's mean distance, and its orbital velocity be taken as units. The gravitational constant is then unity, and the unit of time 57.3 days. The equation of motion of a particle moving directly away from a body of mass m is then


For the purpose of synthesizing an electron donor polymer with a low-lying highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy level and thus to achieve high open circuit voltage (VOC) of polymer solar cells, an indolocarbazole derivative, 3,8-bis-(4-octyl-thiophene-2-yl)-5,6-didodecyl-thiadiazolo-indolo[3,2-b]carbazole, was synthesized and used as a building block of a low bandgap alternating copolymer. An alternating copolymer, poly(3,8-bis-(4-octyl-thiophene-2-yl)-5,6-didodecyl-thiadiazolo-indolo[3,2-b]carbazole-alt-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole) (PTICThBT), was synthesized via the Suzuki coupling reaction, and the copolymer exhibited a deep HOMO level of −5.4 eV. When a blend of PTICThBT and PC71BM was used as an active layer in bulk heterojunction polymer solar cells, a high VOC of 0.84 V was obtained with a power conversion efficiency of 2.62% under AM 1.5G condition.


We proposed a model of operation processes of a motor grader engine under unsteady load during technological processes of road construction works. Theoretic dependences of operation processes of a diesel motor grader engine, described by third order differential equations, were determined. The developed mathematical model of operation processes of a motor grader engine under unsteady mode makes it possible to employ known theoretical provisions to improve the system of air regulation in the commercially available motor grader engines. The model is a description of patterns of influence of differential equations coefficients and the load character on a change in the rotation rate of crankshaft of engine, cyclic fuel supply and hourly fuel consumption. Numerical modeling was carried out of load throw off and load gain of a motor grader engine using third-order differential equations in relative magnitudes. It was established that at a decrease in the values of coefficients of differential equation the transition process proceeds more intensively. In this case, time of delay in the response to disturbance and the duration of damping the oscillation process decrease. The proposed model would ultimately optimize engine performance under unsteady modes.


humanism. Outlining the origin of this movement, Julian Huxley wrote in 1961 of the growing realization that 'the knowledge-explosion of the last hundred years was providing man with a new revelation, a new vision of his destiny' (The humanist frame, London, 1961, p. 6). For Huxley, the most important aspect of this 'knowledge-explosion' was the theory of evolution. But for Bronowski it was science itself, rather than particular scientific theories, which mattered most. Following very largely in the footsteps of Karl Popper he saw science as creative, undogmatic, open-ended, and quintessentially human. As such it was both the perfect antidote to totalitarianism and the ideal foundation for a liberal, democratic society. In fact, Bronowski arrived at the extraordinary conclusion that, from the unwritten moral code governing scientific practice alone, 'all the human values can be deduced' (p. 209). The greatest strength of scientific humanism was its conformity with the liberal ideals of freedom and dissent. By the same token, however, its greatest weakness was its individualism. Thus, A sense of the future virtually ignores the social context of science, opting instead for a romantic and ultimately mystifying discussion of those individual acts of 'creativity' and 'imagination' which supposedly constitute scientific progress. Bronowski does not appear to have come to terms with Kuhnian or post-Kuhnian analyses of science, and it is this deficiency which, more than anything else, separates him from current work in the history of science. Similarly, his ideological commitment to the independence of the scientist and the sanctity of scientific knowledge prevent him from coming to terms with the real moral and social problems which now confront us all. It is ironic that, only three years before the 'Berg Letter' initiated the latest dramatic phase of the debate on genetic engineering, Bronowski should have written, 'A proposal to call a moratorium on science, in a strict and literal sense, would be as unrealistic today as it was thirty years


Joseph Schumpeter's innovation theory includes the following five categories: development of new products or improvement of original products; adoption of new methods of production; exploration of new markets; discovery of new ingredients or semi-manufactured goods; and creation of new industry organizations. In light of General Electric Company's case, this paper sums up five types of enterprise innovation capabilities in conformity with five categories in innovation theory, i.e., product innovation, technology innovation, market innovation, resource allocation innovation and organization innovation, with a detailed analysis on organization innovation and its enlightenment for Chinese enterprises.


Christoph Hermann's article "Neoliberalism in the European Union" seeks to dispel the view held by many on the Left in North America and the European Union itself that Europe harbours a socially more progressive state. Whether it is the Single Market Strategy, European competition policy, or European Economic and Monetary Integration and the European Employment Strategy, policy changes in the EU follow the neoliberal blueprint closely. As is the case in other areas where the neoliberal agenda has been adopted, the consequences are mass unemployment and the redistribution of income and wealth away from labour.


Recombinant sequences of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant were detected in surveillance samples collected in north-western Finland in January 2022. We detected 191 samples with an identical genome arrangement in weeks 3 to 11, indicating sustained community transmission. The recombinant lineage has a 5'-end of BA.1, a recombination breakpoint between orf1a and orf1b (nucleotide position 13,296–15,240) and a 3'-end of BA.2 including the S gene. We describe the available genomic and epidemiological data about this currently circulating recombinant XJ lineage.


4 groups of 15 students each learned a single unmixed list of 13 pairs for five anticipation trials followed by a free-recall test. The lists contained pairs of nonsense syllables that rhymed, changed middle letter, reversed the letter order, or were unrelated. All lists involving rules were superior to the list of unrelated pairs. In order of increasing effectiveness the rules were rhyming, middle-letter change, letter reversal. Performance was inversely related to response-set size. The more restrictive rules resulted in increased free recall of the pairs. Results supported the hypothesis that rules are beneficial to the extent that they reduce response-set size.


uction An inventory of Orthoptera (grasshoppers and crickets) at the H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest, near Blue River, Oregon, was conducted to determine the species present and ecological relationships. A key for identification and an annotated list are presented. From qualitative assessments of successional habitat relationships, generalized species associations of forest Orthoptera are proposed, and their responses to forest succession are predicted.