Nocardia globerula strain 432 was able to synthesize triacylglycerols (TAG) during cultivation on 2,6,10,14-tetramethyl pentadecane (pristane) under nitrogen-limiting conditions. Within these cells, 4,8,12-trimethyl tridecanoic acid was the major fatty acid detected. Fatty acids with an odd number of carbon atoms and minor amounts of even-numbered fatty acids were also observed. Experiments carried out with acrylic acid, an inhibitor of beta-oxidation, suggested that odd-numbered fatty acids such as C15:0, C17:0 and 10-methyl C17:0 were synthesized de novo using propionyl-CoA, the beta-oxidation product, as precursor. Although N. globerula 432 incorporated mainly straight chain fatty acids into TAG, the branched fatty acid 4,8,12-trimethyl tridecanoic acid also appeared, to some extent, in the acylglycerols. The importance of TAG biosynthesis by pristane-grown cells of N. globerula strain 432 is discussed.


This note studies the tracking control problem for a class of random pure‐feedback nonlinear systems with Markovian switching and unknown parameters. An adaptive tracking controller is constructed by introducing an auxiliary integrator subsystem and using the improved backstepping method such that the closed‐loop system has a unique solution that is globally bounded in probability. Meanwhile, the tracking error can converge to an arbitrarily small neighborhood of zero via the parameter regulation technique. The efficiency of the tracking controller designed in this paper is demonstrated by simulation examples.


This article proposes to reconsider the concept of lived experience by the consumer which is the object of a normative vision in marketing. Thanks to the concept of value, we seek to improve the conceptualization of the experience by defining it as a place-object interaction. We conduct an empirical analysis on the field of live shows to compare rival modelings of lived experience. The results show the importance of the place of consumption as the framework of lived experience and confirm an indirect influence of the place on total perceived value. Finally, they allow a validation of different tools used in this model.


Reserpine-induced protection against the acute lethality of digitoxigenin was investigated to gain insight into a possible interaction of digitoxigenin with brain biogenic amines. Tetrabenazine, reserpine and syrosingopine in doses causing brain monoamine depletion protected mice and rats against digitoxigenin lethality. Tetrabenazine, given before reserpine, antagonized the protective effects of reserpine. Studies with various doses of reserpine and tetrabenazine, reserpine in combination with pargyline and α-methyl- p -tyrosine and p -chlorophenylalanine indicated that digitoxigenin lethality was directly related to the brain content of monoamines with serotonin of possible greater importance. These results suggest a digitoxigeninbiogenic amine interaction or, at the least, that intact brain amine levels have a permissive role in the development of digitoxigenin toxicity and lethality.


Adolescence is an important period of growth whereby the consequences of malnutrition during childhood, such as stunting, can be mitigated (1) . Food insecurity (FI) is a key determinant of malnutrition, which, if not addressed during adolescence can lead to pro-longed macro- and micro- nutrient de fi ciencies. This can seriously impact cognitive and physical growth, which can restrict an individual ' s personal, social, and economic productivity in adulthood, with an indirect effect on their children, ultimately resulting in an intergenerational cycle of malnutrition (2) . However, there is a paucity of information on how adolescents experience FI, therefore the primary aim of this research is to assess how male and female adolescents experience FI in relation to each other, and to the household in Pakistan. A convenience sample of 170 households with unmarried male and female adolescents (10 – 16 years), from the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa region of northwest Pakistan were enrolled in the study. The mother of the household completed the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) (3) and the adolescents completed an adapted HFIAS to assess FI at the individual level. The HFIAS provides both continuous (FI score between 0 – 27) and categorical (either food secure or mildly, moderately or severely FI) measures of FI. 24-hour dietary recalls were used to gather data on the food groups typically consumed by the male and female adolescents, and a Dietary Diversity Score (DDS) calculated using the food categories from The Minimum Dietary Diversity Score for Women (4) , which generates a DDS between 1 – 10, with a threshold value of 5 indicating a


In this study, fruit peel-based magnetic (M-Sp) and hydrochar-based magnetic (M-HSp) materials were successfully synthesized by hydrothermal and magnetization treatments. Characterization using X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry, and scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy confirmed their successful synthesis. The materials were applied as adsorbents for the removal of malachite green (MG) dye. Equilibrium adsorption occurred at 90 min according to the PSO kinetic model, and the adsorption followed the Langmuir isotherm. The adsorption capacity of the materials was improved by the hydrothermal and magnetic treatments compared to that of the untreated initial material. The adsorption capacities of M-Sp and M-HSp were 69.444 and 88.889 mg/g, respectively. The M-Sp and M-HSp adsorbents could be reused for up to four regeneration cycles compared to the three cycles for the initial material. The adsorption mechanism of MG dye by the M-Sp and M-HSp adsorbents was suggested to occur via hydrogen bond, electrostatic, π-π, and physical interactions. The magnetic materials prepared in this study had a high adsorption capacity and adsorbent reusability, rendering them promising for use in dye removal and to facilitate separation between adsorbents and adsorbates.


Abstract : Intercity Travel Data Search is an annotated bibliography on U.S. domestic intercity passenger travel by the four major modes of air, auto, bus and rail. The bibliography is concentrated on three subject areas: (1) survey data on point-to-point intercity passenger volumes; (2) survey data on the socioeconomic, attitudinal and trip behavior characteristics of intercity travelers, and (3) demand models for predicting point-to-point intercity travel. The bibliography totals 422 items, almost all published after 1964. Approximately 100 of these are in the first two subject areas and the remaining 300 are in the third subject area. Foreign publications are included in this bibliography, which also contains author and geographic indexes of the 422 items. (Author)


three main categories: those illnesses that come by themselves and those that are sent; the strong and the weak; and Kiganda and non-Kiganda. Diseases believed to have aflEiictcd the Baganda before the Arab and European intrusions are &dquo;Kiganda&dquo; illnesses. These are considered as &dquo;strong&dquo; illnesses, usually sent by somebody and amenable to traditional healing rather than to Western medicine


In order to preserve more details while erasing mixed noise, a new algorithm based on the structure of modified trimmed mean (MTM) filter was proposed. Characters of the new one are: 1) replaces the median filter with center weighted median which shows better performance in preserving details; 2) uses the filtering result to estimate the deviation of Gaussian noise. The estimating result is used to change the filter parameter, so the new algorithm is robust. In real application the new method shows better performance than the MTM filter.


List of Illustrations Acknowledgements List of Abbreviations Introduction: Altitudes of Authority Meditations and Mechanisms: Swift and Robert Boyle's Occasional Reflections upon Several Subjects Sinking the 'Spider's Cittadel': The Battel of the Books and Thomas Burnet's 'Philosophical Romance' of the Earth Newtonian Battels with Rising Stars and Wheeling Moons Laputian Newtons: Science, the Wood's Halfpence Affair and Gulliver's Travels Socinians and Queens: Samuel Clarke and 'Directions for a Birthday Song' Afterword Notes Bibliography Index


Transmission characteristics of malaria were studied in Matola, a coastal suburb of Maputo, the capital City, in southern Mozambique, from November 1994 to April 1996. The local climate alternates between cool dry season (May–October) and hot rainy season (November–April) with mean annual rainfall 650–850 mm. Saltmarsh and freshwater pools provide mosquito breeding sites in Matola. Malaria prevalence reached ∼60% among people living nearest to the main breeding sites of the vectors. Plasmodium falciparum caused 97% of malaria cases, others being P. malariae and P. ovale.


This paper studied the effect of waste Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) on the workability and mechanical properties of the produced cement based mortar. However, five different waste PET weight fractions of 0, 5, 15, 25 and 50% were replaced with river sand in cement mortar mixtures with constant cement content and water to cement ratio of 525 kg/m3 and 0.48, respectively. The workability of the mixtures is enhanced by increasing the replacement level of plastic waste PET. On the other hand, the dry density, compressive and flexural strengths were reduced as waste PET incorporation increased except the mix contained 5% of PET which improved the compressive and flexural strengths. As a result of the dry density and compressive strength results, it was determined that the mixture containing 25% waste PET is considered as a lightweight mortar and suitable for structural purposes.


Gold deposits are under the control of the Sanshandao fracture,Longlai fracture,Zhaoping fracture,and other secondary fractures in eastern Shandong,China.These gold deposits constitute three ore zones and a series of ore fields.The main characteristic of the fractures is NNE strike,S type form,and multiple activities.Altered zone consists of ordinal beresitization cataclasite,beresitization granitic cataclasite,and beresitization granite from major fault.Jiaojia gold field is under the control of the Jiaojia fracture.Jiaojia fracture is listric fault whose top steep and underside gentle in profile.Gold deposits locate at parts of turning point lower of the fracture inclination.Mostly ore body of the gold deposits distribute in footwall of Jiaojia fracture,which preserved in gently fissures of parallel major faults and steep fissures of oblique crossing major fault.The three metallogenic fractures form a large-scale extensional fault between the Linglong granite and Early Precambrian geological body.


Demand Side Management in power systems plays an important role in ensuring a reliable power supply and protecting the environment. Demand Side Management in the commercial sector is vital for sustainable development during China's industrial restructuring. A hybrid multi-criteria decision making framework for evaluating Demand Side Management performance of commercial enterprises is proposed from a sustainability perspective. A fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process is employed to determine the weights of the criteria and a fuzzy technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution is applied to rank Demand Side Management performance. An evaluation index system is built, containing economic, social, environmental and technical criteria associated with 15 sub-criteria. Four groups of expert panels from government departments, research institutions, electricity utilities and commercial enterprises gave judgments on criteria weights and criteria performances for alternatives. The effectiveness of the proposed hybrid framework was demonstrated through a case study in Beijing, in which Demand Side Management performances of four alternatives were ranked. Sensitivity analysis results indicate that the hybrid framework is robust.


Recently we prepared a spiroborate anion [B(Man)2] (Man = mandelate) for the efficient resolution of a variety of chiral cations with excess of 90%ee in the first isolation step.[1,2] In seeking to extend to a family of spiroborate anions with application to resolution we have found novel anionic assemblies using [B(L-TarNH2)2], which offer prospects for the dual resolution of both cations and / or neutral solvent in the chiral layers, channels or cavities formed by their H-bonded networks. In structures of around 50 salt phases studied to-date about 20 contain the sheet on the left. Inter-amide NH---O=C R 2 2(8) synthons are found to direct much of the self-aggregation, which may encapsulate cations and solvent in regular channels with chiral walls, such as the example shown on the right with R-NH3CHMePh cations.


In present paper we introduce an extended machine-learning-based approach to detect inter-areal functional connectivity based on artificial neural network (ANN). We prove the efficiency of the proposed method by applying multi-layer perceptron to find functional relations between the cortex and thalamus of the pathological WAG/Rij rats during the epileptic seizure based on the multivariate electrocorticography (ECoG) recordings. We show that the proposed algorithm is able to reconstruct the increased coupling within a thalamo-cortical network during the seizure versus a baseline activity.


This paper provides an overview of ethical issues facing the health care industry – along with strategies for resolution. The issues were prioritized using the practical perspectives of twenty-six health professionals, employed in various setting in the health care field. The insight of these professionals was deemed most valuable based on the combination of professional experience and ethical training. The responses of the health professionals were compared with theoretical viewpoints of twenty-four healthcare management students enrolled in ethical / legal issues in health care class. The findings from each group were ranked in individual charts. A final chart was used to compare similarities and differences (variations) in the rankings. Suggested solutions for the ethical challenges were also provided by the health care professionals and the healthcare management students. THE IDENTIFICATION AND RESOLUTION OF ETHICAL ISSUES 2 The Online Journal of Health Ethics Volume 6, No. 1 July, 2010 The Identification and Resolution of Ethical Issues in Health Care: Theoretical and Practical Viewpoints Introduction The United States health care system has been described as the best in the world. Reasons for the ranking include: highly trained physicians, eradication of many infectious diseases and advancements in technology (Conrad, 2005). Even so, the United States health care system has been plagued by issues related to cost, access and quality – sometimes referred to as the three-legged stool. Because of these issues, including the issue that an estimated 47 million people have no health insurance, health care in America is becoming an increasingly important ethical issue (Hales, 2010). The health issues have not been resolved despite the more than one trillion dollars spent annually on health care. Health care providers have to make decisions relative to what care to provide and who to provide care to daily. Thus, ethics are also making choices that may not always feel good or seem like they are beneficial, but are the "right" choices to make. They are choices that are examples of "model citizens" and examples of the golden rule (Curry, 2004). Ethics relates to how well professionals perform their responsibilities to others both inside and outside their organizations. It is the application of right and wrong standards according to a professional code of conduct. A survey done in 1995 examined ethics in midSouth organizations. Sixty-three percent (63%) of respondents said ethics had deteriorated in the past 10 years (Business Source Premier, 1999). Organizations are now challenged with regaining public trust in order to survive in today's demanding environment (Business Source Premier, 1999). More and more, corporations are beginning to realize that ethics cannot be left behind when entering into the workplace but must be used throughout the work day. THE IDENTIFICATION AND RESOLUTION OF ETHICAL ISSUES 3 The Online Journal of Health Ethics Volume 6, No. 1 July, 2010 Some companies, including health care providers, are attempting to bring codes of ethics into the work place through written policies. Written codes of ethics are adopted in the work place for many reasons. The American Management Association recognizes four reasons to adapt a code of ethics (Business Source Premier, 1999). The reasons are as follows: to define the purpose of the organization, to state moral/ethical principles to guide action, to communicate the purposes of ethics of the company, and to provide an overall guide for independent actions within the framework of the organization's principles. Ethics makes specific judgments about what is right or wrong, it makes claims about what should be done or what should not be done. In reference to the workplace, ethics makes judgments about care decision, right to life, service delivery, payment of services and general organizational protocol. Even though the definition and concept of ethics is clear, often times, ethical dilemmas are not. This is especially true in the health care system. Ethical dilemmas require health professionals to choose between two equally opposing unfavorable alternatives. Oftentimes, the ethical dilemmas include circumstances that may be beyond the health professional's span of control, for example legislative decisions, politics and/or organizational policies. Today, issues related to the three-legged stool of cost, access and quality remain controversial relative to equity


MONG THE MILLIONS of visitors who come to Washington each year, approximately five hun dred thousand visit the Supreme Court of the United States. In the thirty-eight years since the Court has been housed in its stately building, almost 20 million people have had some exposure to the fountainhead of the least-known branch of government?the judiciary. What do they gain from that visit? What impression do they derive of the Court and its role in American history and in their lives? Undoubtedly they are impressed by the majesty and dignity of the elegant marble structure, as it is among the finest examples of late neoclassic architecture in North America. Some of the visitors are able to see the Court in session. But most see only the halls and the empty courtroom. What do they learn of the life and work of the Court? The stately halls, the rich furnishings of the courtroom, and the portraits of the former justices and chief justices tell little. The Court and its friends are now making a con certed effort to develop a continuing exhibit. Chief Justice Warren E. Burger has described this as an effort "to communicate to all Americans a sense of the


As a result of the experimental studies, results were obtained on the variability of the traits of seed productivity of the narrow-local endemic of Dagestan – Allium charadzeae under various conditions along the altitude gradient. Analysis of the data obtained revealed significant differences in the indicators of seed productivity of individuals. The actual seed productivity is significantly inferior to the potential, which indicates a low degree of realization of the potential for seed formation in mountainous conditions. With an increase in the height above sea level of the experimental plots, the absolute indicators of traits of seed productivity decrease (the number of fruits in the umbrella from 14.9 to 8.5, the number of flowers in the inflorescence from 24.7 to 12.1, the number of seeds in the umbrella from 26.6 up to 19). At the same time, the relative indicators, the percentage of fruit blossoming from 60.5 to 71.2 and the coefficient of seed production from 0.17 to 0.27 increases. As a result of the analysis of variance, a significant influence of the conditions of the year and altitude above sea level on the studied characteristics was revealed.


The hospitals are coming out of the closet! It is an event of the first importance that responsible administrators at two great hospitals — independently, I believe — should promulgate and discuss ...


The initial boundary value problem for an integro‐differential equation with nonlinear damping and source terms in a bounded domain is considered. By modifying the method in a work by Autuori et al. in 2010, we establish the nonexistence result of global solutions with the initial energy controlled by a critical value. This improves earlier results in the literatures. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Regulatory takings are widely regarded as a puzzle. Whether from the standpoint of merely trying to describe judicial doctrine, or from the more ambitious standpoint of trying to normalize the doctrine in some way--finding the theory that can "rationalize the cases," or the theory that should--the opening cliche in most of the scholarly commentary is that the law in this area is a bewildering mess. We can go back thirty years, more-or-less, and find statements to that effect in classic articles by Joe Sax and Frank Michelman.(1) We can skip forward to recent work and observe the same.(2) We can also take it on faith (trust me) that most of the scholarly literature in between shares the sentiment.(3) My aim here is to unpack the regulatory takings problem in a way that suggests why it is intractable. The idea is to reveal some of the different types of ambiguity necessarily entailed in takings cases. Seeing these ambiguities, we readily can understand why the doctrine in this area is so confused and confusing; why there is, in short, a "takings puzzle." To my mind, it is much more difficult to understand why anyone would expect matters to be otherwise. This oddity I call the "takings-puzzle puzzle." It seems to me that takings cases routinely give rise to at least three different kinds, and different levels, of ambiguity and uncertainty. The first and most superficial kind was suggested in an article by Douglas Kmiec.(4) Professor Kmiec claimed that the Supreme Court, thanks to several of its recent decisions, "largely has solved the takings puzzle."(5) He didn't mean by this that all of the uncertainties about regulatory takings doctrine have suddenly vanished; what he meant, instead, is that the Court has, in his view, settled on general principles. Kmiec acknowledged, however, that the uncertainty of applying those principles remains intact. "The takings puzzle has been solved," he said, but "especific applications always will remain contentious."(6) I don't believe that the takings puzzle has been solved in the sense that Kmiec meant, but put that aside. The point remains that even very clearly settled principles commonly will give rise to uncertainty, and thus to some degree of unpredictability, about how to apply the principles. For example, standard takings doctrine plainly holds that government regulations resulting in permanent physical occupations are always takings.(7) But when is an occupation "permanent"? Indeed, when does a government regulation even work an occupation or invasion that is cognizable for takings purposes? The answers to these questions are not at all obvious, so the questions themselves present something of a puzzle.(8) To cite another example of the same problem, it is clear that government regulations are takings if they effectively wipe out the value of regulated land, unless the land uses targeted by the regulations amount to nuisances under the terms of a state's common law.(9) As Kmiec noted, however, "[n]uisance law is imprecise,"(10) so substantial uncertainty arises even in the course of applying settled doctrine. We need not belabor the obvious. Takings doctrine simply cannot escape this first kind of uncertainty and confusion that I have been discussing, even when takings principles are settled and clear. Consider now a second kind and level of ambiguity and uncertainty, one having to do with arguments about what our general principles of law in this area should be. Here, uncertainties arise that are more fundamental than those found in the first kind of ambiguity that I identified, more fundamental in the sense that one initially needs to settle on the frame within which to ponder the more mundane issues of applying the general to the particular. Carol Rose has discussed this problem in the context of regulatory takings: In takings doctrine, the tradition of property's civic responsibility is embodied in a test that balances public benefits against private losses from a particular measure. …


A grinding tool without kinematic pairs, of compactness and low cost, based on the defect that it is difficult to improve the precision of kinematic pairs of traditional grinding methods, is presented in the paper. The operating principle based on elastic waves was analyzed. The grinding tool would realize the ultra-precision machining theoretically and experimentally. Components of the prototype were manufactured, assembled, and tested for the grinding performance to validate the concepts of the precision machining and confirm the simulation results of modal and harmonic analysis. The test results show that the performance of the proposed grinding tool can meet the requirements of the precision grinding. It is confirmed that this prototype can realize the accurate ultra-low-stress and the removal of material under ultra-low-stress circumstance. The research is aimed at exploring new methods and new theories of ultra-precision surface machining and giving a new solution to the problem of ultra-precision surface machining.


Abstract : This report documents the regional economic significance of recreational use associated with 18 Oregon coastal and river ports in 2002. Recreation use, visitor spending and regional economic effects were estimated using visitor surveys and regional economic input- output models. This study found that in 2002, over 700,000 recreation visits (in party-days) occurred at the 18 surveyed Oregon ports, resulting in $75 million in trip spending and $31 million in purchases of boat-related durable goods and other fixed costs. The spending by Port visitors was a significant economic factor to the State of Oregon, resulting in $109 million in sales, $41 million in personal income, and 1,670 jobs to the State's economy.


Present report describes an efficient in vitro regeneration protocol for propagation of very important medicinal rare plant species Caralluma edulis by use of two different media systems i.e. liquid and semi solid (agar gelled). Study also evaluates the regeneration capacity of Caralluma edulis towards both media systems. Nodal shoot segments (3-4 cm) were used as explants. Murashige and Skoog's (MS) medium containing 1.0 mg l-1 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 0.1 mg l-1 indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) was found optimum for bud break with 86% regeneration response and rapid bud break was recorded (within 7-10 days) on liquid MS medium as compared to semi solid medium (18-20 days). Shoots were multiplied by successive transfer of mother explants (explant by which cultures were initiated) and by subculturing of in vitro regenerated shoots (progeny shoots) on different concentrations of BAP alone and in combination with auxin (IAA). About 11 shoots with shoot length of 5.73±0.25 cm were achieved on MS liquid medium fortified with 0.25 mg l-1 BAP + 0.1 mg l-1 IAA. For rooting, the in vitro shoots were pulse treated with 100 mg l-1 indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) for five minutes; thereafter transfer to glass bottles containing sterile soilrite in the greenhouse. About 98% shoots were rooted successfully. The rooted plantlets were acclimatized in the green house and established in the field condition with 87% survival rate. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report on micro propagation of Caralluma edulis using nodal segments in liquid MS medium.


Security or system management software is essential for keeping systems secure. To deter attacks on essential services, hiding information related to essential services is helpful. This paper describes the design, the implementation, and the evaluation of a method to make files invisible to all services except their corresponding essential services and provides access methods to those files in a virtual machine (VM). In the proposed method, the virtual machine monitor (VMM) monitors the system call, which invoked by an essential process to access essential files, and requests proxy execution to the proxy process on another VM. The VMM returns the result and skips the execution of the original system call on the protection target VM. Thus, access to essential files by the essential service is skipped on the protection target VM, but the essential service can access the file content.


HVDC transmission lines are a competitive and in some cases are proven to bea superior choice compared to AC transmission applications. Suitable convertershave been developed for that matter where ...


Blanche Howard and Allison Howard (eds), A Memoir of Friendship: The Letters Between Carol Shields and Blanche Howard (Toronto: Penguin Canada, 2007), 352pp.Cased. $35. ISBN 978-0-6700-6613-1. Paper. $19. ISBN 978-0-1430-5226-5. Eleanor Wachtel, Random Illuminations: Conversations with Carol Shields (New Brunswick: Gooselane, 2007), 180pp. Paper. $19.95. ISBN 978-0-86492-501-5. These two rewarding volumes constitute a valuable supplement to Carol Shields's literary legacy. The first collates Shields's correspondence with her friend and fellow author Blanche Howard, with whom Shields collaborated on the epistolary novel A Celibate Season. The second volume brings together Shields's interviews with Eleanor Wachtel conducted between 1988 and 2002. Edited by Howard and her daughter Allison, A Memoir of Friendship begins with Anne Giardini's Foreword, which reflects upon the dying art of letter writing and contextualises Shields's and Howard's relationship. Shields first met Howard in the early 1970s in Ottawa and formed a friendship that would endure until Shields's death in 2003. Howard was, at the time of their first meeting, the more established writer, having won the 1972 Canadian Booksellers' Award for her novel The Manipulator. 'I have an overwhelming wish just to talk to someone about the whole subject of writing', Shields states in an early letter (p. 4), as she was embarking on her own literary career. Books would remain a focal point of the women's correspondence over the next thirty years. The volume is particularly fascinating for the intimate insight that it gives into the writing life, both private and public. Howard read drafts of almost all of Shields's novels and offered advice and suggestions that were usually incorporated by Shields into her work. Unfortunately, excessive editing of some of these comments makes this aspect of the volume rather less revealing than it might have been, though the development of A Celibate Season is covered fairly comprehensively. Both authors are disarmingly frank about their own writing. 'Some days I'm astonished by my brilliance and others I feel lower than Danielle Steele', Howard confesses (p. 499), while Shields wonders whether 'writers ever get to the point of complete faith in their blatherings' (p. 510). Howard's increasing struggles with publication are juxtaposed with Shields's growing success and fame, and reflections upon literary prizes and the stresses of promotion are also enlightening. Another highlight of the volume is the discussions of the books Shields and Howard are reading and their sometimes acerbic, pleasingly unorthodox comments on fiction, Canadian and otherwise. The Double Hook is dismissed as 'dreadful imitation Faulkner' (p. 10), The God of Small Things as 'high trash' (p. 377), The English Patient as 'awfully studied, terribly solemn, taking itself incredibly seriously' (p. 274), and The Blind Assassin as 'a long, dull read, alas' (p. …


The "Human-based" conception is quite new in management development nowadays. It is the direction and guide of Human Resource Management. But as a result of incorrect understanding and inadequate analysis in practice, many people may go to extremes in some aspects, which becomes a new barrier in human resources management.


The plane-strain problem of a stress pulse striking an elastic circular cylindrical inclusion embedded in an infinite elastic medium is treated. The method used determines dominant stress singularities that arise at wave fronts from the focusing of waves refracted into the interior. It is found that a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of a propagating stress singularity is that the incident pulse has a step discontinuity at its front. The asymptotic wave front behavior of the first few P and SV waves to focus are determined explicitly and it is shown that the contribution from other waves are less important. In the exterior, it is found that in most composite materials the reflected waves have a singularity at their wave front which depends on the angle of reflection. Also the wave front behavior of the first few singular transmitted waves is given explicitly.

The analysis is based on the use of a Watson-type lemma, developed here, and Friedlander's method (see his book Sound Pulses, Cambridge, 1958). The lemma relates the asymptotic behavior of the solution at the wave front to the asymptotic behavior of its Fourier transform on time for large values of the transform parameter. Friedlander's method is used to represent the solution in terms of angularly propagating wave forms. This method employs integral transforms on both time and [theta], the circumferential coordinate. The [theta] inversion integral is asymptotically evaluated for large values of the time transform parameter by use of appropriate asymptotics for Bessel and Hankel functions and the method of stationary phase. The Watson-type lemma is then used to determine the behavior of the solution at singular wave fronts.

The Watson-type lemma is generally applicable to problems which involve singular loadings or focusing in which wave front behavior is important. It yields the behavior of singular wave fronts whether or not the singular wave is the first to arrive. This application extends Friedlander's method to an interior region and physically interprets the resulting representation in terms of ray theory.


What might attention to Locke's political thought contribute to contemporary debates about the family? I consider the original Lockean understanding of the role of family in civil society as presented in Locke's Two Treatises of Government and Some Thoughts Concerning Education. The education recommended to parents in Some Thoughts Concerning Education aims at teaching children, within the bounds of their understanding, principles of acquisition and management of property that echo those outlined in the famous fifth chapter of the Second Treatise and that are crucial to the operation of Lockean political society. Attention to these echoes reveals connections between Locke's philosophies of politics and education. Drawing upon these connections and upon Locke's Letter Concerning Toleration, I outline the disposition that a contemporary Lockean might take toward the family and its role in the liberal polity and also the judgment that might be adopted by a Lockean liberal toward traditionalist, egalitarian, and libertarian arguments about the family.


In this work, we demonstrate a single-step laser-assisted fabrication of thin plasmonic nanocomposite thin films. The common processes taking place in Ag:Au:TiO $_{\mathbf{2}}$ thin nanocomposite films under UV laser irradiation are discussed. We describe the main nanostructure formation mechanisms, as well as their effect on the optical properties of the films. The obtained results pave the way for the implementation of such materials in modern photonics and optoelectronics devices, photocatalytic systems, sensing, and SERS due to their unique and well-controlled optical properties.


The present invention relates to a process for dissolving the solid batch material, the process comprising the steps of introducing solid batch material into the melting apparatus, comprising the steps of dissolving the solid batch material in the melter by submerged combustion, the lysate and a step of subjecting the flow pattern, the flow pattern when it is simulated by using a general fluid dynamics equations on a computer, the flow converges inwardly large centers in the melt surface shows a substantially dissolving flow pattern is toroidal in lysate with a rotation center axis of the toroid is substantially vertical. The present invention further relates to dissolution apparatus assembly for carrying out this process. Toroidal dissolution flow pattern, preferred arrangement of the plurality of submerged combustion burner in the floor of the melter is accomplished angles, and by the spacing.


Bowel cancer is the second most common non-cutaneous cancer diagnosed in Australia in both the sexes. Australia has one of the highest incidence of bowel cancer in the world. Pyogenic liver abscess has been reported to be associated with malignancy especially hepatobiliary and colorectal cancer.

A healthy 70 years old woman presented with non-specific symptoms which was initially thought to be secondary to haematological malignancy. Further investigation noted multiple large cystic and solid hepatic masses, which were suggestive of metastasis. However, hepatic lesions responded significantly with antibiotics which was in keeping with liver abscess instead. She was subsequently confirmed to have caecal adenocarcinoma with no distant metastasis.

Although uncommon, pyogenic liver abscess can be the first presentation for colorectal malignancy. Colonoscopy is essential especially if no clear cause of liver abscess is identified.


Direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) have the major advantage of the high energy density of the methanol (4.33 kWh/l) they use as a liquid fuel, although their costs remain too high due to the high q...


This paper studies the construction of sequential aggregate signatures from any existentially unforgeable digital signature scheme and investigates whether the security of a sequential aggregate signature in this signature-based framework can be reduced to that of the underlying signatures. To study the problem, we modify the previously introduced notions of weakly and sequential aggregate signatures and show that a sequential aggregate signature is weakly secure if and only if the underlying classic signature schemes are existentially unforgeable against adaptive adversaries in the context of signatures and then provide alternative implementation of sequential aggregate signatures in this signature-based framework.


In this paper, existence of fixed point for Pata type 2-convex contraction mapping in complete metric space has been proved. This study is a natural continuation of Istraescu [3].


This letter analyzes the feasibility of deep convolutional neural networks (DCNN) for accurate ultra-wideband (UWB) angle of arrival estimation that is robust against hardware imperfections. To this end, a uniform linear array with four antenna elements is leveraged and a DCNN approach is proposed and compared with traditional approaches, such as MUSIC and phase difference of arrival estimators, for different environments, number of available channel impulse responses, and polarization mismatches, in terms of absolute value of error and computational complexity. The proposed approach outperforms the traditional approaches up to 80° error reduction at a computational complexity increase of only 10% compared to MUSIC.


【Objective】 Grape leafhopper / Erythroneura apicalis(Nawa) is one of the most important pests in vineyards in Xinjiang which greatly affect the grape yields and fruit quality by nymphs and adults who cluster on the back of grape leaves and suck juice.Leaves turn into yellowish-white and then become shriveled,and fall in the early stage.The paper focuses on the selection of high effect biogenic pesticides to provide scientific basis for the control of E.apicalis(Nawa).【Method】The control effects of four biogenic pesticides against E.apicalis(Nawa) were evaluated in field.【Result】 Results showed that effect of 0.3% Azadirachtin EC at 500-fold is the best among four pesticides,and it is followed by 5% nature pyrethrins EC at 1 200-fold which reaches the same effect as 60 g/L spinetoram SC at 4 000-fold.The residual activity last for 7-9 d.The effects of 5% nature pyrethrins EC at 1 200-fold,and 60 g/L spinetoram at 4 000-fold are rapid and persistent,which can last for 5 days with 64% and 80% control effect after the application,respectively.【Conclusion】The four biogenic pesticides show different rapid and residual activities,and all of them can be regarded as the substitute products to replace the chemical products and used alternatively.


Because the surface myoelectric signal has the characteristics of small amplitude, low frequency, and will be interfered by various noises in the acquisition process, it is difficult to accurately obtain the necessary useful information, so it is acquired by some acquisition equipment. However, for similar products in the current market, it has the disadvantages of high price, bulky volume, poor adaptability and so on, which is not conducive to the extraction of sEMG signals. Therefore, a portable multi-channel EMG evoked potential instrument is designed for this situation. Stm32f103rct6 is the main control unit, including amplification and filtering circuit, AD conversion, data transmission, data storage and other components to realize the display of EMG. The results show that the device has the characteristics of low power consumption, simple use, strong adaptability, and can accurately obtain the useful information of sEMG signals.


Method: The study was a prospective clinical observation undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of ormeloxifene in uterine fibroid in reproductive age group. Forty four (44) women aged 20-50 year age group who attended the outpatient gynaecology department, diagnosed with fibroid uterus; symptomatic or asymptomatic were recruited for the study. Ormeloxifene 60 mg was given orally twice a week for 6 months. Follow up was done at monthly interval and at the end of 6 months clinically and by USG. The primary outcome measures were fibroid size, uterine size and delta size. Secondary outcomes were measurement of menstrual blood loss using the PBAC score, hemoglobin concentration and endometrial thickness.


This paper investigates the angular velocity trajectory tracking problem for a DC permanent magnet motor with a DC-DC buck power converter based smooth starter. In practice, the composite control system is inevitably effected by unknown, exogenous, time-varying load torque disturbances. To this end, this paper specifically puts forward a disturbance rejection control approach. Under the proposed method, a novel disturbance observer is constructed to estimate the differences between actual states and the steady-state values of states and control. Therefore, an output feedback composite controller is designed. A key idea in the proposed control strategy is that the unmatched disturbances are transformed into matched ones ingeniously. The proposed control method is tested through simulation studies, where the results obtained validate the superiority of the proposed method.


Development is a dynamic process starting from prenatal period and lasting for life. In order to understand development, some basic concepts such as development, growth, progress, change, maturation, learning, readiness, period, critical period, time, and historical time should be mentioned. To understand development, it is necessary to know the principle of development. Development is affected by biological and many environmental factors. It is accepted that development is a product of heredity and environment. The periods of development, which take part in the life of the individual and defined with certain characteristics, are classified as prenatal, infancy, early childhood, middle childhood, adolescence, adulthood, and old age. Development is examined by branching such as physical, motor, cognitive, language, social and emotional, personality, moral, perceptual development, and sexual development. Families and educators play an important role in supporting the development of children. Ethics is a very sensitive issue in child development.


The study was conducted to find out the anti-leech effect of 5 indigenously used plant species on Hirudinaria manillensis. Aqueous and methanolic extracts of Nicotiana spp., Zanthoxylum alatum, Solanum khasianum, Cucumis sativus and Lasia spinosa were prepared. The experiment was designed to evaluate 3 concentrations of aqueous (@5,000, 2,500 and 1,000 µg/ml) and methanolic extracts (@ 500, 100 and 50 µg/ml) of all the plants along with levamisole (83 µg/ml) as standard and distilled water as control. The leeches were treated with the determined concentration of extract/standard and the death time (min) was recorded up to 720 min. The aqueous extract of Nicotiana spp. and Z. alatum showed best anti-leech effect with mean death time ranging from 2.11±0.11 to 5.33±0.47 min and comparable result with the standard at 83 µg/ml concentration. The methanolic extracts of Z. alatum at all the concentrations and Nicotiana spp. and S. khasianum at 500 µg/ml showed no significantly different effect with levamisole standard. The methanolic extract of Z. alatum exhibited best hirudinicidal effect (10.56±2.69 min) against H. manillensis. Aqueous extract of S. khasianum and both aqueous and methanolic extracts C. sativus and spinosa showed no killing effect on H. manillensis at all the concentrations. It was concluded that among the 5 plant species, Nicotiana spp., Z. alatum and S. khasianum were effective against H. manillensis.


Nine zone diagram is commonly used to keep voltage stability and reactive voltage balance by changing reactive power compensation equipment or the transformer tap in the substation. In this paper, the principles of voltage and reactive power control based on nine zone diagram are reviewed, and then the control effect of reactive power compensation and transformer tap with different types of load model is analyzed. In the end, the effect of six different types of load on voltage control is simulated, and the results show that: the change trend of voltage or reactive power is roughly the same when changing reactive power compensation; the change trend of the voltage is roughly the same, but the change trend of reactive power has great difference when changing transformer tap.


The effects of NaF, NaCl, NaBr and NaI at various concentrations up to 0.5 M, on the corrosion of magnesium have been investigated by galvanostatic polarisation and atomic absorption spectrocopy (AAS). The corrosion parameters namely, open circuit potential, corrosion potential and corrosion current have been obtained from polarisation experiments using a three electrode set up. Influence of different halide ions and their concentration on the corrosion have been enunciated. The extent of electrochemical dissolution of anode observed in polarisation method has been compared with the magnesium content in the medium by AAS. The anode weight loss calculated by AAS is found to be higher than by polarisation method


The REMinE project is organized in five work packages that comprise: detailedcharacterization and risk assessment of the mine wastes selected (WP2), identification of new processing methods for min ...


Although there are various models and solutions to impose restrictions on power, the fundamental solution, by and large, is still democracy. Democracy contains the basic concepts and systems of power restriction. The inherent contradictions caused by the separation between the owners and the executors of public power decide the owners should restrict the executors. Only by the construction of democracy, the restriction on the power will be realized completely.


Recently micro-videos have become more popular in social media platforms such as TikTok and Instagram. Engagements in these platforms are facilitated by multi-modal recommendation systems. Indeed, such multimedia content can involve diverse modalities, often represented as visual, acoustic, and textual features to the recommender model. Existing works in micro-video recommendation tend to unify the multi-modal channels, thereby treating each modality with equal importance. However, we argue that these approaches are not sufficient to encode item representations with multiple modalities, since the used methods cannot fully disentangle the users' tastes on different modalities. To tackle this problem, we propose a novel learning method named Multi-Modal Graph Contrastive Learning (MMGCL), which aims to explicitly enhance multi-modal representation learning in a self-supervised learning manner. In particular, we devise two augmentation techniques to generate the multiple views of a user/item: modality edge dropout and modality masking. Furthermore, we introduce a novel negative sampling technique that allows to learn the correlation between modalities and ensures the effective contribution of each modality. Extensive experiments conducted on two micro-video datasets demonstrate the superiority of our proposed MMGCL method over existing state-of-the-art approaches in terms of both recommendation performance and training convergence speed.


The specific dimensions (characteristic features) of team leadership in a new paradigm context are examined. The focus lies on transactional, charismatic and transformational leadership. Therefore, we may conclude that the new leadership theories are integrative. They examine more than one characteristic of leadership, including distinctive features, behaviour, process of influence and situational context. The new (integrative) approach to leadership, the new paradigm through the prism of leadership roles in team environment, John Adair's functional model of leadership, the concept of self-leadership by Manz and Sims and Hersey Blanchard's situational leadership model are analyzed by identifying dependencies connected with the phases necessary when building a team. The main thesis of the author is that through specific leadership studies and applications in a team environment occur processes of evolutionary concepts, and revaluation of general truths and accumulated knowledge is needed.
Key words: leadership, new paradigm, transactional, charismatic and transformational leadership, leadership roles, team.


Department of Astronomy, Comenius Univer-sity, Mlynska dolina, SK-84248 Bratislava, Slovak Republic. In the contribution an overview of Slovak meteorites from the viewpoint of the fall/find and location of the fragments at pre-sent, is presented. In the territory of the Slovak Republic (an area of 49 035 km


The purpose for this capstone project was to use a Peanut Ball, to mimic a sitting or squatting position, for decreasing length of first and second stages of labor. In addition, this project was designed to incorporate qualitative data on women's perception of using the Peanut Ball during labor. The project question was "For laboring women, will use of a Peanut Ball for positioning, as compared to no use of a Peanut Ball, decrease length of first and/or second stages of labor?" The results included a significantly longer second stage of labor in the intervention group (75.63 minutes) when compared with the control group (57.84 minutes). Qualitative data concluded 64% of women using the Peanut Ball stated it help facilitate progress of labor and 71% would recommend use of the Peanut Ball. Additional findings included the intervention group had a significantly higher (27%) use of passive descent during second stage (laboring down) when compared with the control group (9%). Cesarean section rates were reduced in the first and second months of the study ranging from 8.2% to 6.76%. Limitation included the groups were not homogenous or occurring at the same time. While the study didn't show a reduction in first or second stages of labor; the Peanut Ball received positive feedback from laboring women. In addition, a longer second stage was associated with an increased number of women using passive descent during second stage of labor and a reduction in primary cesarean section rates.


We offer a transnational and comparative analysis of the "nationalization" of foreign-born workers in western nation states of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.1 An analysis of this complex historical moment is an important foundation for assessing present-day fears of the imminent collapse of nation states. Canadians and Italians wrestling with demands for regional autonomy; German and French voters opting for a "fortress Europe" united against new waves of migrations; and Americans anticipating the disintegration ofthe United States into ethnic and religious fragments, often believe that today's nation states face unprecedented threats to their unity. In fact, nation states have long faced competition from regional loyalties (Weber) and from the cultural diversity produced by international migrations and the globalization ofcapital (Potts; Cohen, New Helots; Strikwerda). In the past, they also faced internationalist labor movements dedicated to ending capitalist oppression around the world in all its forms. To trace the nationalization of foreign-born workers in the past, we focus on 19 million migrants who left the "geographical expression" called Italy between 1815 and 1940.2 Italians dispersed more widely than other Europeans seeking work in these years.'1 Half or more of migrant men began work as temporary, unskilled laborers on railroad and street construction, and in the mines; Italian women tended initially to remain at home. By 1940, Italian migrants and their descendants lived in both North and South America, in several European countries, as well as in Australia, and in North Africa. By examining Italian workers' experiences worldwide, we point both to transformations shared by migrant workers of other backgrounds and to considerable variation in the character ofstates with many foreigners in their workforces. The dynamics of class in an internationalizing economy provide the starting place for understanding the nationalization of Italian workers. Social relations between educated and poorer Italians, and among workers of many nationalities, shaped every phase of the


renal disease (ESRD) have increased each year in Canada and throughout the world. From 1981 to 1999, the number of new patients with ESRD grew at a compound annual rate of 7.3% and similar trends were documented worldwide. By 31 Dec. 2000, 24 921 Canadians were receiving life-sustaining treatment for ESRD; dialysis was the treatment modality for 14 567 patients and the remaining 10 354 patients (41.5%) had a functioning kidney transplant. The development of ESRD is associated with a substantial reduction in health-related quality of life and premature death. Kidney transplantation is the treatment of choice for ESRD as it prolongs survival, improves quality of life and is less costly than dialysis. Despite the benefits of kidney transplantation, not all patients with ESRD take this route and there is considerable variation in transplantation rates across Canada; for example, the renal transplantation rate (per million population) is only 27.4 in Saskatchewan compared with 51.8 in the Atlantic provinces. It is not known to what extent this variation is due to differences in rates of referral and acceptance for transplantation (i.e., perceived eligibility) or to differences in availability of donors. The purpose of this consensus document was to outline which patients, in the growing Canadian ESRD population, are currently eligible for transplantation. We hope that these guidelines will lead to consistency in determining which patients are eligible and accepted for kidney transplantation. Canadian patients with ESRD comprise a unique mixture including minority groups who receive treatment in a universally funded health care system. Health care coverage or insurance should not be an issue in determining transplantation eligibility in Canada as it may be in other regions of the world. The methods used to develop these guidelines were designed to ensure that the recommendations reflect a Canadian consensus so that they would be adopted across the country. These guidelines are based on the best available evidence. However, clinical judgment plays a role in decision-making and, thus, there will still be variability in clinical practice across the country. This consensus document specifically addresses eligibility criteria for kidney transplantation and is not meant to outline the individual tests required for assessment or reassessment of patients awaiting kidney transplantation. Published clinical practice guidelines from the United States and Europe already exist in this area. These guidelines were developed with a wide audience in mind. General recommendations are provided in summary form for review by health care workers and physicians working in primary care, who may want to know whether their patient with ESRD is eligible for transplantation. We also expand on the recommendations for those interested in more detail. The guidelines refer to both children and adults and, as such, will be of interest to health care workers and physicians treating either age group.


Abstract Although the construct of regulation is usually applied to ongoing behavior, it also has implications for ongoing cognition and the development of cognitive representations. We propose that subcortical motivational systems influence cortical representations in two general ways. First, they regulate response processes, promoting a general selection of information to which the child is exposed. Second, motivational systems regulate attention, promoting a more selective stabilization of representations for motivationally relevant sources of information. Together with the environment, these regulatory processes shape the child's developing representations. Individual differences in these processes result in cortical representational systems that enhance the motivational systems* ability to detect relevant inputs and to guide behavior in light of them. Examples are provided that focus on fearful children, discussing how their self-representation may contribute to anxious psychopathology.


In this paper we describe a new pseudo-spectral method to solve numerically two and three-dimensional nonlinear diffusion equations over unbounded domains, taking Hermite functions, sinc functions, and rational Chebyshev polynomials as basis functions. The idea is to discretize the equations by means of differentiation matrices and to relate them to Sylvester-type equations by means of a fourth-order implicit-explicit scheme, being of particular interest the treatment of three-dimensional Sylvester equations that we make. The resulting method is easy to understand and express, and can be implemented in a transparent way by means of a few lines of code. We test numerically the three choices of basis functions, showing the convenience of this new approach, especially when rational Chebyshev polynomials are considered.


The purpose of this paper is to examine education as a driver of change in U.S. forests and the forest sector over the next two decades. Likely outcomes in general education include: (1) greater emphasis on the production of information products and services associated with a knowledge-creation society; (2) more emphasis on nondiscipline-specific or generic and transferable competencies; (3) increase in the importance of information and communication technologies in the development of knowledge-creation skills and competencies; (4) greater attention paid to the environment in which students learn, with an overall emphasis on engagement, and in particular on the relationship between instruction and student outcomes; and (5) expansion of virtual, informal lifelong learning made possible by an infrastructure of digital networks complementing the instructor-mediated learning approaches. Expectations from natural resources education include: (1) better integration of the ecological, social, and economic dimensions of sustainability and their application through policy, planning, and management; (2) stronger emphasis on field-based youth education about natural resources and forest ecosystems in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education; (3) transition in higher education from classical teaching methods to learning-centered methods; (4) increase in distance learning to serve nontraditional students and practicing professionals on a global scale; (5) replacement of many of the specialized degrees at the bachelor's level, such as forestry and wildlife management, with a rigorous interdisciplinary degree in natural resources or ecosystem management and specialization at the master's level; (6) increased emphasis on 2-year associate's degrees with technical skills aligned with employer needs; (7) increased educational opportunities for practicing professionals designed to meet their needs at various stages in their careers; (8) a growing need for increasing scientific and natural resources literacy in the public and with decision makers; and (9) increase in gender and racial or ethnic diversity.


Platelet parameters such as Mean platelet volume (MPV) and Platelet distribution width (PDW) are indicators of platelet activation. In cases with Rheumatoid arthritis inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein and Erythrocyte sedimentation Rate are affected .Studies have pointed out the occurrence of changes in platelet counts in acute stages of Rheumatoid arthritis, the cause being platelets response to inflammation. Very few studies have demonstrated the relation between platelet indices and inflammatory markers. Hence we aimed to study the relation between platelet indices and acute phase reactant Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) .We studied a total of 100 symptomatic active cases of Rheumatoid arthritis who satisfied the diagnostic criteria. In such patients, platelet counts and indices were correlated with ESR and CRP values. In our study analysis we found an increase in platelet counts, higher values of PDW and MPV. There is statistically significant correlation between Platelet counts , Platelet distribution width and ESR.


Catalyst deactivation is ultimately inevitable, and one of the processes known to cause deactivation is sintering of metal particles. Consequently, numerous methods to reverse the sintering process by redispersing metal nanoparticles have been developed. These methods are discussed in this perspective, and the reported mechanisms of redispersion are summarized. Additionally, the longer-term practical use of such treatments and the benefits this can bring are briefly disclosed.


The space environment consists mainly of high-energy charged particles, such as protons, electrons and heavy ions. They are originating from several sources including galactic cosmic radiation, solar flares and van Allen belts. High energy electromagnetic radiation and neutrons have also been measured on spacecraft. Although shielding can reduce the effect of space radiation it cannot be eliminated completely. So the proper evaluation is the key to improve the system performance in space environment. In this paper, the space environment analysis and evaluation for High Altitude Satellites reported with an emphasis on radiation analysis as being the most significant source of space product failures. When there is no shielding, the forecasted value of Total Ionizing Dose (TID) is 10 9 rads (Si) and non-ionizing Displacement Damage Dose (DDD) is 10 14 MeV/g(Si) for 18-year mission lifetime of high altitude satellite.


An artificial neural network (ANN) based multi-objective design optimization for a wafer level package (WLP) is presented. Design factors including bump pad configuration, solder alloy composition, bump pad opening diameter, pad overhang (Cu pad radius minus pad opening radius), redistribution layer (RDL) polymer dielectric thickness and under-bump Cu thickness are grouped and considered by using a 3-level full factorial design of simulations (DoS) procedure. Key failure indices corresponding to solder joint fatigue fracture, RDL trace fatigue fracture and polymer dielectric cracking are selected as the objective functions for the design optimization. The Pareto optimal solutions are determined by using a genetic algorithm, and the compromise programming method is applied to determine the most reliable design.


The effects of viscosity and density variations due to an imposed radial temperature gradient on the stability of Couette flow between rotating cylinders are investigated. The annular spacing between the cylinders is assumed to be small compared with the mean radius. The fluids considered are water and 50% aqueous glycerol. Free convection due to gravity is not considered.

Approximate solutions to the stability equations are obtained by the Galerkin method. Computations are restricted to the case where the outer cylinder is at rest. For the cases studied, the effects of radial convection were found to be small but the effects of the temperature dependence of viscosity were appreciable. The critical Taylor number based on the mean temperature viscosity was found to decrease as the viscosity variation became more pronounced and as the Prandtl number increased.


R J Baxter 1982 London: Academic xii + 486 pp price £43.60 Over the past few years there has been a growing belief that all the twodimensional lattice statistical models will eventually be solved and that it will be Professor Baxter who solves them. Baxter has inherited the mantle of Onsager who started the process by solving exactly the two-dimensional Ising model in 1944.


The paper presents a new method of analyzing large deviations for nonlinear systems defined through matrices with state-dependent coefficients. Large deviations of the controlled process from some standard state is the basis to forecast any critical situation. The task of forecasting is limited to the optimal control problem of Lagrange-Pontryagin optimal control. Two effective methods – State-Dependent Riccati Equations (SDRE) and approximated sequence of Riccati equations (ASRE) – are used. The presented approach to the Lagrange-Pontryagin problem differs from the approach previously used for linear cases by the fact that it uses control in the form of a feedback instead of software open-loop control. This eliminates the need to calculate the end-time boundary value for a conjugate variable, which is the most time-consuming task in nonlinear cases.


Objectives TO discuss the key point and the feasibility of intraocular lens implantation on advanced aged patients over 75 years old.Methods Count the local and the general complications pre ,in and post operation in advanced aged cataract patients over 75 years old. Results None of the patients suffer cardiovascular emergency, there is no increase of eye complications compared with other age groups.Conclusions IOL implantation is a safe and ideal operation to aged patients,as the use of systemic therapy and proper treatment in the course of operation.


The 2-MW Rhode Island Nuclear Science Center (RINSC) open pool reactor was converted from 93% UAL-High Enriched Uranium (HEU) fuel to 20% enrichment U3Si2-AL Low Enriched Uranium (LEU) fuel. The conversion included redesign of the core to a more compact size and the addition of beryllium reflectors and a beryllium flux trap. A significant increase in thermal flux level was achieved due to greater neutron leakage in the new compact core configuration. Following the conversion, a second cooling loop and an emergency core cooling system were installed to permit operation at 5 MW. After re-licensing at 2 MW, a power upgrade request will be submitted to the NRC.


【Objective】Cytochrome c plays a key role in the pathway of mitochondria apoptosis. This study on the cloning and protein release of cytochrome c in the apoptosis cells of silkworm can lay a foundation for the apoptosis research of Bombyx mori. 【Method】 Cytochrome c gene was cloned by bioinformation and molecular biology method. Apoptosis of silkworm cells was induced by UVC. The change of the mitochondrial membrane potential and the release of cytochrome c in apoptosis cells of silkworm were detected by flow cytometry and western-blotting, respectively. 【Result】 The cytochrome c gene was cloned in silkworm (Bombyx mori). The gene contains 3 exons and the length of its cDNA is 570 bp and ORF is 324 bp. The deduced protein has 108 aa and has conservative points for cytochrome c and Apaf-1 interaction related to apoptosis in silkworm. After UVC treated BmE-SWU1 cells for 12 h, the mitochondrial membrane potential decreased and cytochrome c was released from mitochondria to cytoplasm. 【Conclusion】 The cytochrome c may release from mitochondria to cytoplasm in the apoptosis cells in silkworm.


Whatever changes have occurred during the past decade in our method of operating have involved chiefly the treatment of the flaps or soft parts. When men differ as to technic they differ usually in advocating either the old wide-open; gauze-packed wounds, with which we are all familiar, or some form of closed or partially closed wound. Undoubtedly a growing respect for the soft parts in mastoid surgery has led to some modifications of surgical method. I shall try to show that these changes have not been haphazard, but rather the logical outgrowth of a better appreciation of laws governing wound repair. The Bone Operation. —With minor differences to be noted later, the bone operation of ten years ago was practically that in use today. Posterior drainage from the vault and thorough removal of diseased bone, in whatever direction and to whatever distance this might lead, were then, as now, recognized


This article examines the impact of physical training on crime among juvenile convicts, namely, how physical activity, a set of physical exercises and much more can affect the behavior of juvenile convicts and, directly, contribute to their correction. Proper physical education of minor children is a powerful factor in preventing and deterring crime. The urgency of the need to involve adolescents in active sports is important in order to develop the values of physical education and improve the form and orientation of the promotion of physical education and sports in order to minimize juvenile delinquency.


Formal inclusion of current generation mobile phones has not yet occurred in any education system. Indeed, there are applications on the market that can transform mobile devices into tools that students can use; however, there is no official institutional support for such applications, with price and maintenance as a limiting factor. This paper presents the rationale, the specification and current design of a mobile interactive application to be used in real-life educational settings. We aim to propose a new approach, that will benefit all participants in the classroom (including teachers), to interact in the classroom while enhancing the engagement and interactivity of the students with the teacher, the lecturer and with the learning material.


Virus-based tumour vaccines offer many advantages compared to other antigen delivering systems. They generate concerted innate and adaptive immune response, and robust CD8+T cell responses. We engineered a non-replicating pseudotyped influenza virus (S-FLU) to deliver the well-known cancer testis antigen, NY-ESO-1 (S-NY-ESO-1 FLU). Intranasal or intramuscular immunization of NY-ESO-1 S-FLU virus in mice elicited a strong NY-ESO-1 specific CD8+T cell response in lungs and spleen that resulted in the regression of NY-ESO-1 expressing lung tumour and subcutaneous tumour respectively. Combined administration with anti PD-1 antibody, NY-ESO-1 S-FLU virus augmented the tumour protection by reducing the tumour metastasis. We propose that the antigen delivery through S-FLU is highly efficient in inducing antigen specific CD8+T cell response and protection against tumour development in combination with PD-1 blockade.


We fit the observational data for M87 using two‐component advective disk model. We show that the flat spectrum from the nucleus of M87 is due to synchrotron radiation produced by non‐thermal electrons in the CENBOL. The non‐thermal distribution is produced due to acceleration of electrons across the shock in a sub‐Keplerian flow.


Structural configuration optimization of the five-axis machining center based on the post processing information of impellers was presented. The post processing information covers all the information entered into the NC system when machining the impeller,including the displacement and the feed speed. So the acceleration information of the machine axis could be obtained by post processing information extraction and analysis. Then the machine axis inertial force was calculated according to the machine tools structure. The kinematic chain was changed to reconfigure the machine tools structure based on the principle of reducing the maximum inertia force and overall inertia force,in order to improve machine dynamics performance. The paper provided a new approach of special machine tools structure optimization for designers.


The purpose of this research was to described mathematical connection ability, mathematical disposition students of eleventh grade Vocational High School. This research also was to described mathematical connection ability reviewed by mathematical disposition and mathematical disposition reviewed by mathematical connection ability. The social situation was students of eleventh grade Eight Vocational High School. The subject in this research was students in the level of capacity to mathematical connection ability and mathematical disposition was three students in XI RPL 2 Eight State Vocational High School of Semarang. The result showed a description (1) mathematical connection ability level of students were medium; (2) mathematical disposition level of students were medium; (3) students had high mathematical connection ability level tendency to construct mathematical disposition level better than students had medium and low mathematical connection ability level; (4) students had high mathematical disposition level tendency to construct mathematical connection  ability level better than students had medium and low mathematical disposition level.


Art and architecture are completely objective matters, and in the construction of thought, we need to know which conceptual and objective concepts have influenced and shaped these objective matters. As such concepts can be used to understand better and deeper the work. Therefore, the goal of this research is to identify the visual and conceptual elements in these two arts, and the effect and adaptation of these concepts in the field of Iranian architecture and miniature. The necessity of this article is to find innovations in Iranian graphic arts. There is also little information about the traditional Iranian architecture and constructions, especially before the Safavid era; the works of Iranian miniature, which are more closely associated with Iranian literature and poetry in small sizes in the design of books, due to applied reason and visual combination, and in smaller sizes, has been observed less in an analytical method. The used research method in this article is a descriptive-analytical study using library resources that has been evaluated and adapted using the concepts and methods of visual structure in two systems of Iranian miniature and Iranian architecture. The results of this study show that the spatial and visual elements in Iranian miniature and Iranian architecture are not completely identical and have similarities and differences with each other, which are set in a number of tables.


Research in school librarianship provides the foundation and direction for effective school library practice, and there is ample evidence of the impact of school library media specialists and school library media centers on students' learning, given certain conditions and criteria. Similarly, research in the implementation of change, including curriculum implementation and staff development, provides useful guidelines for the institutionalization of school library programs. Recognizing and building on this research provides the framework for our continued effectiveness and even existence. An earlier version of this paper was presented to the International Association of School Librarianship annual conference in 1994.


1. In potassium-deficient barley plants 1,4diauinobutane (putrescine), which had been previously characterized, occurs together with a Sakaguchiand ninhydrin-positive compound, whose infrared spectrum and chromatographic properties are identical with those of 1-amino-4guanidinobutane (agmatine). 2. Agmatine and putrescine occur in potassiumdeficient red-clover plants. 3. Under conditions of adequate potassium nutrition, agmatine and putrescine were found in barley and clover, and also in cabbage leaves, but the amounts were small relative to those in the potassium-deficient plants. 4. The putrescine concentration in barley seedlings was considerably increased by feeding with agmatine, a much smaller increase being induced by giving ornithine or arginine. Feeding with arginine increased the concentration of a Sakaguchipositive compound, which was chromatographically indistinguishable from agmatine. The authors thank Dr C. H. Fawcett and Dr K. Rothwell for producing the infared spectra.


It is essential for a robot to be able to detect revisits or loop closures for long-term visual navigation. A key insight is that the loop-closing event inherently occurs sparsely, i.e., the image currently being taken matches with only a small subset (if any) of previous observations. Based on this observation, we formulate the problem of loop-closure detection as a sparse, convex `1-minimization problem. By leveraging on fast convex optimization techniques, we are able to efficiently find loop closures, thus enabling real-time robot navigation. This novel formulation requires no offline dictionary learning, as required by most existing approaches, and thus allows online incremental operation. Our approach ensures a global, unique hypothesis by choosing only a single globally optimal match when making a loop-closure decision. Furthermore, the proposed formulation enjoys a flexible representation, with no restriction imposed on how images should be represented, while requiring only that the representations be close to each other when the corresponding images are visually similar. The proposed algorithm is validated extensively using public real-world datasets.


The controlling influence of the ovary on cyclic changes in the uterus and breasts has been fully appreciated for m a n y years. Recently Allen and Doisy (1) have isolated from the follicular fluid of the ovaries of pigs an alcohol-, ether-, and acetone-soluble substance, which induces estrus when introduced subcutaneously into spayed rats. I t is also known tha t the ovary has to do with the metabolism of fat in the body. Women store fat after the removal of the ovaries, destruction of the ovaries from one of various causes, and after the menopause. Women suffering a premature loss of function of their ovaries also suffer various other metabolic changes and disturbances. In order to throw light on this lat ter property of the ovary i t became of interest to s tudy the action of the Allen-Doisy hormone in the digest ion of fat in the tissues. I


Objective: To study the effects of scutellarin on the proliferation and Bcl-2 expression of human tongue carcinoma Tca8113 cells.Methods: Tca8113 cells were treated by scutellarin at 0(the control),80,120 and 160 μg/ml for 12,24 and 48 h respectively.The cell proliferation was examined by MTT assay,Bcl-2 expression was tested by western bolt.Results: Scutellarin inhibited the proliferation of Tca8113 cells in a time-and dose-dependent manner.Western-Blot analysis showed that Bcl-2 protein expression decreased progressively with the increase of scutellarin concentration.Conclusion: Scutellarin may inhibit the proliferation of Tca8113 cells,and the mechanism may be related to down-regulation of Bcl-2 protein expression.


ABSTRACT The surface crack of structure is an important sign to evaluate the safety of structure. In order to ensure the safety and reliability of the building structure, it is necessary to detect and monitor the surface cracks of the structure. Traditional artificial surface inspections are time-consuming because inspectors have different experience and knowledge, which can lead to misjudgments. Based on the basic framework of four deep convolution neural networks, their classifiers are reconstructed. To fully train these networks and simulate crack images taken in various situations in life, image enhancement techniques are used to extend the dataset. After training, compared with the established shallow network structure, they can learn the feature information in the image more fully, and finally improve the accuracy. After further verification, it is found that one of the models can achieve an accuracy of 96.5%. To verify the universality and validity of the model, two cross-datasets experiments were performed. The experimental results show the validity of the model, and the diagnostic precision is 98.23% and 99.04%, respectively.


To reanimate the mimetic muscles, crossface nerve graft (CFNG) is an effective surgical option. However, muscle atrophy after facial paralysis may influence the surgical result. We analyzed the relationship between surgical result and preoperative paralysis duration.


A systematic polymerization kinetic study of methyl acrylate with an added initiator, peroxodisulfate, in the presence of low-power ultrasound was done. The polymerization experiments were conducted at various concentrations of monomer and initiator at different temperatures (303–323 K). The polymerization was found to proceed without an induction period, and the steady state was attained in a fairly short time. The rate of monomer disappearance showed a second-order dependence on monomer concentration. The chain lengths of the polymer were calculated, and we found that the chain length increased with increasing monomer concentration and decreased with increasing initiator concentration. The reaction scheme proposed is based on the kinetic studies that indicated linear termination by sulfate-ion-radical-incorporating direct reaction between the monomer and the initiator. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008


Tweetable abstract Adverse events continue to occur in the direct-to-consumer market for unapproved regenerative interventions and US FDA alone cannot adequately address the problem. Other public health strategies are needed to provide better patient protection.


The formal verification of FBD program is required at nuclear power plant as traditional relay-based analog systems are being replaced with digital PLC based software. This paper proposes a way to formally verify the FBD program. For this purpose, Verilog model is automatically translated from the FBD program, then Cadence SMV performs model checking. We demonstrated the effectiveness of the suggested approach by conducting a case study of the nuclear reactor protection system, which is currently being developed in Korea.


The Burra Burra (or 'Monster') Mine in South Australia was once a thriving and significant copper mining undertaking, with an active life for almost the entire period 1845-77. Initially worked by the South Australian Mining Association (SAMA) from underground, in 1868 it became an open-cut pit on the advice of London consultant, John Darlington. The mine's richer ores were from the outset shipped to Swansea for smelting but SAMA, seeking to deal with lower-quality ores not worth exporting, heroically built and attempted to operate its own smelter for two years from late 1845. Their early efforts, limited in their way by naivety, failed to achieve success and were wound up a year before the arrival in the colony of Schneiders' Patent Copper Company (PCC), which built a substantial smelter across the Creek from the mine. This provided the local smelting option SAMA was looking for, and the PCC's management gradually wore away SAMA's resolve to only allow it poorer ores.


As part of research conducted to develop a more definitive guide for the selection of divided and undivided sections on urban four-lane roadways in Nebraska, accident experience at signalized and unsignalized intersections on urban four-lane roadways was analyzed to assess the safety effects of left-turn lanes. Results of this analysis are presented. Multivehicle accidents on intersection approaches with left-turn lanes were compared with those on similar approaches without left-turn lanes. The degree to which left-turn lanes on signalized and on uncontrolled approaches reduced accidents was computed. The statistical significance of the percent reductions was determined using the chi-squared test. Left-turn lanes at intersections on urban four-lane roadways were found to significantly reduce rear-end, sideswipe, and left-turn accidents. However, on the uncontrolled approaches of intersections on urban undivided roadways, left-turn lanes were found to significantly increase right-angle accidents, as well as reduce rear-end, sideswipe, and left-turn accidents.


The invention relates to a method for classifying a detected by means of a distance-based method of detecting the parking space validity, comprising the steps of: - adjusting a position of the recognized parking space with a digital parking card, comprising the positions of valid and invalid parking areas, and - classifying the detected parking spot as a valid or invalid parking space as a function of the comparison. The invention further relates to a corresponding device, a corresponding parking control system, a corresponding vehicle as well as in computer program.


The sonnet haunted Patrick Kavanagh. It appears in the most unexpected places in his poetry. He was interested in this form because of its associations with love poetry, and love is an important theme in Kavanagh's verse, surprising as this may sound. Yet Kavanagh never dominated the sonnet form; he experimented with it, chopped and changed it and returned to it like a love bird to its nest. The five sonnets here translated are representative of Kavanagh the sonneteer and Kavanagh the poet of the best and the least good in his work. They seem a suitable place to start when translating this poet, who as far as I am aware, has not been translated into Spanish.


【The fractions of Capsosiphon fulvescens were studied to verify the anticancer and immunostimulating activity. The fractions from the ethanol extract of C. fulvescens were prepared by the systematic extraction procedure with the solvents such as hexane, ethyl ether, methanol, butanol and H $_2$ O. The cytotoxic effects of C. fulvescens fractions against human leukemia cell line U937, mouse neuroblastoma cell line (NB41A3), human hepatoma cell line (HepG2)and rat glioma cell line (C6) were investigated. Ethyl ether fraction of C. fulvescens showed the highest cytotoxicity against all four cell lines tested. In addition, H $_2$ O fraction also showed relatively high cytotoxicity. Dose dependent patterns were observed on all four cell lines. The immune-stimulating effects of C. fulvescens fractions on rat macrophage cell line (RAW 264.7) were also investigated. All five fractions of C. fulvescens extract stimulated NO production with concentration dependant manner. These results suggest that C. fulvescens may be a useful candidate for a natural antitumor and immune-stimulating agent.】


2-[3,4,5,6-Tetrakis(trimethylsilyl)cyclohex-1-enyl]heptamethyltrisilane was characterized in solution using spectroscopic methods (UV, IR, NMR ( 1 H, 13 C, 29 Si)). The assignments of the 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR and 29 Si NMR resonances by use of irradiative and 13 C/ 1 H and 29 Si/ 1 H two-dimensional NMR techniques are described. The relationship between NMR characteristics and electronic structure is discussed


The theory of the recombination of holes and electrons via traps is extended to include the effect of degeneracy. Special attention is paid to the example of InSb. Values for the radiation lifetime for specimens of various carrier concentrations are also calculated.


Objectives: A) To investigate the epidemiological risk factors associated with resistance to antituberculosis drugs in British Columbia B) To determine i f there are differences in risk factor characteristics among different categories of drug resistant (mono-drug, poly and multi-drug resistance) TB cases. Methods: The study was carried out in two phases. The first phase of the study was retrospective in design. The data examined in this study was collected by the division of TB control of British Columbia and was obtained from retrospective review of charts, prescriptions, files of the TB subjects or other clients who attended the provincial (BC) TB service. The second phase involved a matched case control study design (using a sample from the total study population). Cases were all resistant TB subjects while controls were selected randomly from the pool of sensitive subjects matched on age group and sex. Results: A total of 3041 TB subjects were eligible for this study over a period of 12 years (19902001). Of those eligible, there were 295 (10%) resistant cases and 2746 (90%>) sensitive cases. The significant risk factors for drug resistance found in this study were immigration status, ethnicity, birth country, last country of residence, a history of previous TB, place of diagnosis and case category. With respect to immigration, foreign born people are four times more likely to present with drug resistance than the Canadian-born people. Among the ethnic groups, Chinese, Southeast Asian and the Rest of the Asian are two to three times more likely to present with drug resistance than Caucasians. According to birth country, people born in China, Southeast Asia, and other parts' of Asia were four times more likely to present with drug resistance than Canadian-born people. Subjects with a history of previous TB were twice as likely to present with drug resistance compared to the subjects without any history of previous TB. Subjects diagnosed outside of Canada were almost three times more likely to have drug resistance compared to the subjects diagnosed in Canada. Reactivated (relapsed) cases are almost three times as likely to present with drug resistance compared to the new cases. Conclusions: In brief, foreign born immigrants, patients with a history of previous TB and reactivated (relapsed) TB cases are at greater risk for TB drug resistance. Efforts should be made to prioritize the development and implementation of effective screening and treatment protocols for these high risk groups in order to avoid the emergence of further resistance tuberculosis. TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 1: Background, Rationale and Objectives 1 1.1 Background and Rationale 1 1.2 Objectives 3 Chapter 2: Methodologydesign, source of data and its management, variables and analysis 3 2.1 Design 3 2.2 Source of Data 4 2. 3 Databases Management 5 2.4 Variables of interest 10 2.4.1 Outcome (dependent) variable drug resistance 10 2.4.2 Independent variables 12 2.5 Statistical Analysis 19 Chapter 3: Results 21 3.1 Descriptive Statistics 21 3.2 Assessments of the risk factors in univariate model 28 3.3 Assessments of the risk factors in multiple regression models 30 3.4 Assessments of selected risk factors in polytomous (multi-nominal) logistic regression ". . 33 3.5 Assessments of selected risk factors in case-control setting 36 3.6 Sensitivity analysis 37 Chapter 4: Discussion ...37 Bibliography 47 Appendix 51


The macroscopic approach to fission and fusion physics is formulated. A minimum set of three degrees of freedom is described qualitatively .. The gross features of the potential energy in this configuration space are discussed. The problem of nuclear viscosity is mentioned and comparisons with liquid He3 are made. Some effects of large angular momenta are described.


The dependence of velocity modulation molecular ions spectral signal on the experimental parameters, discharging currency and pressures of working gas and buffer gas, is present in this paper. Additionally, the detection limit of our spectrometer was measured to be 1.56×10 -6 .


Constantinescu's contribution to the progress of the Romanian composition school, will register two stages: one of an absolute genuineness, in which the composer has the upper hand, in a double image - the initiator of the modern direction promoting the Byzantine background and the creator of the Romanian comical opera - and one with his own vision in approaching the folk direction - through new modalities of implementing folk music at a high-level (melodic, harmonic, polyphonic, instrumental-orchestral, formal). In close connection with the style directions, the field of modal innovation oscillates, and affects one or another parameter of the musical flow.


Emergence of bacterial infections, including those associated with Staphylococcus aureus, brings up a need for searching new and more effective strategies for clinical treatment. The use of medicinal plants associated with conventional antibiotics may represent a therapeutic option. Currently, studies evidence the synergistic effect achieved by combining plant extracts with antibiotics. Our objective was evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial activity and bactericidal kinetics of Matricaria recutita extract (chamomile) and its association with cephalexin and norfloxacin on clinical isolates of S. aureus from bovine origin, characterized as resistant. The tests were performed by method of dilution in solid medium to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). In both combinations of M. recutita extract with antibiotics norfloxacin and cephalexin, we observed MIC in dilution 1:64, corresponding to 8μg/mL of the antibiotic and 13.43 μg/mL of extract. Cephalexin associated with chamomile extract produced a effect of the combination in 75% of samples in their MIC. The combination of natural products frequently used by the population with the antibiotics tested in this study, could represent a therapeutic option for treatment of infections caused by S. aureus, as well as the prevention of the increasing development of resistance.


A description of the Ziegler spectrum is given for trivial extensions of tubular algebras and related self-injective algebras of tubular type.


This paper examines John Rechy's 1963 novel, City of Nigt, in terms of the concepts of self psychology. The protagonist's psychopathology is explicated primarily in terms of narcissistic issues revolving around his need to feel disired by older males and his inability to reciporcate that desire. Ample materical from the young man's childhood is provided in the novel which makes a self psychological understanding intelligible. His sexual behavior is interpreted ina positive light and its defensive and growth promoting features are highlighted: The author believes that a self psychological understanding of homosexuality results in a more sympathetic understanding than has been traditional in psychoanalytic theory.


We demonstrate a 3C-SiC-on-insulator (SiCOI) platform through wafer bonding process. We fabricated fully-integrated microresonators at near-infrared/near-visible wavelengths (∼770 nm) showing a Q of 5,000. Such high-Q resonators pave the way for realization of large-scale integrated spintronics/quantum devices based on carbon vacancies in SiC.


The invention discloses a weeding composition containing sulfentrazone and chlorimuron-ethyl and an application thereof. The sulfentrazone and the chlorimuron-ethyl serve as active ingredients of the composition. The weeding composition can effectively control and remove broadleaf weeds and gramineous weeds such as xanthium sibiricum, goosefoots and morning glory in a soybean filed and a peanut field, and the control effect is obviously higher than the control effect achieved by only using the sulfentrazone or the chlorimuron-ethyl. In addition, the user of the composition can improve the herbicide effect, reduce the herbicide use amount, save economical cost, greatly reduce the application amount of each active substance, reduce herbicide residues in the environment, meanwhile, can further delay weed herbicide resistance generation and prolong the herbicide service life and has important ecological significance and environmental protection significance.


High-level aminoglycoside resistance in enterococci is mediated generally by aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes, which eliminate the synergistic bactericidal effect usually seen when a cell wall‐active agent is combined with an aminoglycoside. Clinical microbiology laboratories currently screen for aminoglycoside resistance in enterococci by testing gentamicin and streptomycin susceptibility. If the recently detected aminoglycoside resistance genes, aph(2 00 )Ib, aph(2 00 )-Ic, and aph(2 00 )-Id, become more prevalent among clinical isolates, the approach for detecting susceptibility to aminoglycoside synergism in enterococci will require modification. More potent aminoglycosides need to be developed that will be resistant to modification by a broad spectrum of aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes present in enterococci. Optimal antimicrobial therapy for serious enterococcal infections requires the use of synergistic combinations of a cell wall‐active agent, such as a penicillin or a glycopeptide, with an aminoglycoside, which results in bactericidal activity against this organism. Enterococci have acquired aminoglycoside resistance genes that mediate production of aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes, which eliminate this synergistic bactericidal effect. Detection of these enzymes has resulted in the traditional approach for predicting bactericidal synergism in enterococci. The discovery of several new aminoglycoside resistance genes in enterococci requires a reevaluation of how prediction of synergism in enterococci should be done. A different approach for predicting aminoglycoside synergism will need to be put in place should these newly discovered genes become more prevalent among clinical enterococcal isolates.


"This report covers fire tests conducted on an experimental design of a wooden-jacket shield for radioisotope shipping containers" (p. i).