In order to help finance much-needed investment in both main line and urban railway development in Peru, a series of public-private partnership (PPP) concessions is being used, according to this article. The 129 km Huancayo-Huancavelica Railway, which runs high in the Peruvian Andes, is being modernized and will operate through passenger and freight services to the capital Lima as well as Callao's main port. The national government's investment agency, ProInversion, is responsible for the project and was established in order to promote the development of private investment in public works and services using PPPs and other private financing initiatives. One of the objectives of the government for this project is to improve accessibility for low-income areas. ProInversion is also looking at other line construction possibilities, including a cross-border railway connecting the southern city of Tacna with the port of Arica in Chile, as well as a north-south coastal railway connecting the northern city of Piura with Ica, 250 km south of the capital.


A comparative study of the oxygen-quenching features of novel luminescent Ru(II) complexes, covalently attached to controlled porous glass (CPG), has been performed in methanol, chloroform, toluene, cyclohexane, and n-hexane. The investigated dyes contain 1,10-phenanthroline-4,7-bis(phenylsulfonate) (s2d), 5-acetamide-1,10-phenanthroline (acap), and 5-tetradecanamide-1,10-phenanthroline (tdap) coordinated to the Ru(s2d)2 moiety. The immobilization procedure involves stable sulfonamide linkages to amino-derivatized CPG-Glycophase, the loading being a function of indicator molecular size (i.e., highest for the [Ru(s2d)2(acap)]2- dye). Steady-state and time-resolved emission analysis have revealed that oxygen quenching is purely dynamic and occurs on the glass bead surface. Using a continuous-flow system and a conventional spectrofluorometer, a detection limit of 6.2 μM (200 ppb) oxygen in methanol has been achieved and a 2−4-fold one in the other organic solvents tested, with dynamic ranges over two decades...


An attempt is made to explain the thixotropic behavior of certain fibers when they are stretched by postulating a number of potential energy surfaces which may govern the nature of the viscous flow within the fiber. On the basis of these energy surfaces, equations are obtained relating rate of elongation and applied stress, and these equations are integrated numerically to give a relation ship between applied stress and actual elongation. The energy surface giving results which ap proach the results of actual experiment is a simple modification of the surface which Eyring used to explain shear flow in viscous materials [3].


who have bariatric surgery are adults, teenagers can also be candidates for weight-loss surgery if they have been evaluated by a multidisciplinary team and meet the criteria. In the United States, the 3 most commonly performed weight-loss surgeries are a sleeve gastrectomy (SG), Rouxen-Y gastric bypass (GB), and an adjustable gastric band (AGB). Other less common weight-loss surgeries include the biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch (BPD/DS), which is no longer commonly performed, and a single anastomosis duodenoileal bypass with sleeve gastrectomy (SADI-S), which is a relatively newer procedure. An SG is a restrictive type of weight-loss surgery where approximately 80% of the stomach is removed. This aids weight loss through a restrictive process, by altering the size of the stomach and thereby reducing the quantity of food the patient can eat, while also removing the portion of the stomach that produces important metabolic hormones including leptin and ghrelin. This surgery is relatively quick, simple, and highly effective, making it the gold standard for weight-loss surgery. A benefit of this surgery is that it can be performed on certain patients who may be considered "high risk" with medical comorbidities. It can also act as a Overview of Bariatric Surgery Bariatric surgery is a class of weight-loss surgery that works by altering the anatomy of the gastrointestinal tract. According to the National Institutes of Health, candidates for bariatric surgery are: (1) patients with a body mass index (BMI) of 40 or more, or (2) a BMI of 35 or more with a serious health condition linked to obesity including type 2 diabetes, sleep apnea, or heart disease, or (3) a BMI of 30 or more with type 2 diabetes that is difficult to control with medication and lifestyle changes.1 Different institutions may have different criteria or protocols for which patients are candidates for bariatric surgery. Although most patients Bariatric Surgery and Pregnancy


.........................................................................................................ii Acknowledgements...................................................................................iv Introduction.............................................................................................1 Chapter One Why Look at Dead Animals? I. Reading Rules, Facing Facts..............................................................30 II. "Again and Again".........................................................................56 Chapter Two "Put a Video Camera Inside and Show It": The Ethics of Exposing Animal Slaughter I. Framing Animal Slaughter................................................................83 II. It Matters How You Slice It.................................................................86 III. The Place of Suffering.....................................................................91 IV. Naming Slaughter............................................................................99 V. The "Slaughterhouse Aesthetic".........................................................104 VI. The Sound of Slaughter..................................................................121 VII. The Slaughterhouse as a Site of Proto-Cinematic Spectatorship.......................131 Chapter Three Shocking Blows: Dialectical Montage and the Attraction of Slaughter


When compiling a program containing syntax errors, the error messages produced by a compiler may be confusing for beginners who are learning a programming language. This leads to difficulties in the debugging process for both teachers and learners of a programming course. We propose a system which provides additional messages to the compiler messages. The auxiliary messages are aimed at helping the beginners by indicating candidates for correcting the source code of the program, which leads to better educational effect.


For a long time,high precision positioning for underwater submarine has been a difficult problem in the field of underwater navigation and positioning.The traditional positioning for submarine depends on inertial navigation system (INS).But the positioning error of INS accumulates along with time.In order to solve the problem of high precision positioning for underwater submarine,this paper proposed a relatively practical scheme.This scheme constructs an underwater positioning system based on the combination of DGPS and acoustical positioning.This method makes use of acoustical relative positioning technique for extending the DGPS positioning technique for surface applications to underwater cases. With this positioning system,the submarine can directly get its longitude and latitude,and the positioning precision can ensure the same level as the surface application cases of DGPS.


EVENTS IN EMERGING FINANCIAL MARKETS during the past decade have given rise to a fevered debate about the role of global integration in capital markets. The Mexican peso crisis of 1994, the Asian crisis of 1997 and the subsequent Russian and Brazilian crises of 1998 have provided new data with which to examine the transmission of financial variable movements from one country to another. Are African markets caught up in the same web, or are they more dependent on co-movements with each other? When emerging markets were first becoming a viable asset class in the early 1990s, Harvey (1995) suggested that part of their initial appeal was their low correlations with developed markets. It was assumed that they would then serve neatly as a hedge in a global portfolio. But as Harvey (1995) also showed, emerging market correlations with developed markets were changing through time, as they became more integrated into the global financial system. Most of the literature on financial markets and growth has focused on the benefits of global integration. When a market becomes financially integrated, companies can access a large new pool of investors. The cost of equity may decline and more investment projects are then viable. The result is increased growth and employment. Levine (2001) shows that liberalising restrictions on international portfolio flows tends to enhance stock market liquidity, which in turn accelerates economic growth by increasing ________________________ * School of Management Studies, University of Cape Town, and Africa Centre for Investment Analysis, University of Stellenbosch, respectively.


Objective:To investigate the effect of recombinant antisense c-myc adenovirus(Ad-AS-c-myc)on inducing granulocytic differentiation in HL-60 cells and evaluate it's molecular mechanism.Methods: The(cultured) HL-60 cells treated with Ad-AS-c-myc or Ad-LacZ combined with Protamine sulfate were analysed by X-gal staining,morphology,NBT test,α-NAE staining,flow cytometric analysis and RT-PCR. Results:The c-myc transcription was strongly inhibited by Ad-AS-c-myc in the transfected HL-60 cells.The(morphology) of transfected cells tended to granulocytic,and the activity of peroxidase and non-specific esterase were increased in HL-60 cells.A significant inhibition in G_0/G_1 was observed in the transfected cells.(Conclusion:)Ad-AS-c-myc can induce granulocytic differentiation of HL-60 cell in vitro,which may be(correlated) with the expression of c-myc and granulocytic function.


This paper reports on a case study of the impact of professional doctorate programmes on graduates and their work organisations. Telephone interviews were carried out with graduates and nominated peer and senior colleagues to elucidate the types of change apparent and the impact of those changes. We found that all interviewees reported development of the graduates' conceptual frameworks, increased personal and professional confidence, and enhanced engagement within and beyond their organisations. New capabilities and forms of interaction reported by colleagues appeared to facilitate the building of improved networks. Simple causal links were difficult to establish although the professional doctors themselves gave accounts of disruption, subversion and challenge that they attributed to their new knowledge and understandings. Such data draw attention to the complexity and messiness of the professional learning process, calling into question the simple input–output model of impact currently used. We suggest that further research is necessary to develop greater understanding of the organisational impact of the professional doctorate, and the ways in which that can be measured. This is especially important where there is increasing demand for a highly qualified workforce at the same time as decreasing professional development budgets.


The article gives the results of the research of cooperation management in the innovative environment. The necessity of introducing to scientific use the term "technological field" that defines logic and mechanics of innovative activity concentration in the most supportive environment (innovative environment), which lets the companies attain maximal economical goods (benefits) from innovation development, is determined. The model of innovative environment operation in the context of technological development level is presented. Also, the rationale and corresponding mathematical model are presented that describe key directions of managing actions for accelerating the innovative environment growth. Management suggestions for cooperation management to stimulate technological development are formalized.


Condensation of 2-hexacosyl-3-acetoxytriacontanoic acid chloride and ethyl benzyl tetracosylmalonate gave ethyl 2-tetracosyl-3-oxo-4-hexacosyl-5-acetoxydotriacontanoate whose reduction with sodium borohydride finally afforded the objective 2-tetracosyl-3, 5-dihydroxy-4-hexacosyldotriacontanoic acid, C82H164O4.


A new image coding method based on the image region is proposed. According to the features of the image gray surface, an image is partitioned into many convex polygons which approximate the original image as closely as possible. The experimental results show that a good reconstructed image quality can still be obtained when the data compression ratio is more than 20:1 and the SNR is more than 30 dB.


This paper proposes a new model predictive control (MPC) method for linear parameter varying (LPV) systems with bounded parameter variation subject to input constraints. We adopt closed-loop prediction and construct ellipsoidal sets to predict the future states with reasonable computer load. Then the information on the parameter variation bounds is exploited to improve the accuracy of the prediction. In addition, we give a new terminal condition to enlarge the stabilizable region. The feasibility of the MPC problem at the initial step ensures the stability of the closed-loop system. Finally, a simulation result illustrates the effectiveness of the method


Objectives
The metabolic syndrome (MetS) refers to a cluster of interrelated physiological characteristics that are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. While the clinical usefulness of the MetS has been the subject of controversy for years, increasingly sophisticated methods are being used to measure the concept.

Participants
Study of community health center patients who were not diabetic; study group was evenly divided between Black and White adults.

Main Outcome Measures
Latent MetS score and MetS status based on the five-point scale developed by the National Cholesterol Education Panel (NCEP).

Methods
Structural equation modeling of MetS incorporating the effects of race/ethnicity, racial discrimination, socioeconomic position (SEP), and selected mediating variables.

Results
The largest influences on latent MetS scores were SEP (negative relationship) and male gender (higher scores for men). Two mediating variables, physical activity and stress-related eating, had smaller impacts. Self-reported racial discrimination was associated with cynical hostility but did not influence the MetS level among nondiabetics. Despite higher NCEP scores and MetS prevalence rates for Blacks compared with Whites, race did not have direct effect on MetS levels when adjusted for the other characteristics in our model.

Conclusions
Neither race nor self-reported racial discrimination had direct effects on MetS level in our structural model. The large effects of socioeconomic position and male gender were not mediated by the other variables in the model.


A log/normal MWD is characterized by two parameters, its mean molecular weight M0 and width s. It is demonstrated how these parameters can be obtained by model fitting a stretched exponential function (SEF), as characterized by two parameters bandDS, to the PGSTE response curve. Based on simulations, two general empirical equations relating b and DS to M0 and s are found. The model enables the MWD characteristics to be determined if the scaling law between diffusivity and molecular weight is known. The sensitivity and relative error of s and M0 are discussed and the applicability of the model is illustrated by analyzing experimental NMR response curve of some PEO samples. The key advantages of this technique are its simplicity, numerical robustness, and reliability.


We investigate theoretically the electronic transport properties in narrow graphene ribbons with an adatom-induced defect. It is found that the lowest conductance step of a metallic graphene nanoribbon may develop a dip even down to zero at certain values of the Fermi energy due to the defect. Accompanying the occurrence of the conductance dip, a loop current develops around the defect. We show how the properties of the conductance dip depend on the parameters of the defect such as the relative position and severity of the defect as well as the width and edges of the graphene ribbons. In particular, for metallic armchair-edges graphene nanoribbons, whether the conductance dip appears or not, they can be controlled by choosing the position of the single defect.


Accretionary orogens generally involve trench advance and retreat, recognition of which is critical to understand the thermal evolution and geodynamics of the lithosphere. A systematic study has been conducted on the Silurian to Carboniferous volcanic rocks from the Dananhu‐Harlik arc in the Chinese eastern Tianshan. Three distinct episodes of volcanism have been recognized: Late Silurian normal andesite, high Sr/Y andesite and sanukitoid, Late Devonian bimodal high‐alumina basalt and dacite, and Early Carboniferous high‐alumina basalt. These magmatism experienced variable degrees of interaction between a depleted mantle wedge and subducting slab‐/sediment‐derived fluid/melt. Combining with previous geological data, we propose that the Dananhu‐Harlik arc was formed by the northward subduction of the North Tianshan Ocean (NTO), different from the traditional southward subduction of the Junggar Ocean, which was likely subducted northward to account for the East Junggar arc system. Temporal changes in Ce/Y of basalts and Ho/Yb of felsic rocks in the Dananhu‐Harlik arc imply that the arc crust underwent episodic thickening and thinning, which probably reflect the trench advance/retreat processes. The high Ce/Y and Ho/Yb ratios in the Late Ordovician to Devonian and Late Carboniferous correspond to two phases of trench advance. Conversely, the low Ce/Y and Ho/Yb ratios in the Early Carboniferous record a period of trench retreat, which caused the splitting of the Dananhu‐Harlik arc and formation of the Bogda back‐arc basin. Meanwhile, a southward subduction initiated along the south margin of the NTO, producing the Yamansu arc. Late Carboniferous bipolar subduction of the NTO led to its final closure.


: In this paper, we propose a novel architecture to perform high speed Multiplier by using Kogge Stone Adders with Mux and Vedic Multiplication. The Adder employed in implementing the paper is Kogge Stone Adder by using MUX which is a parallel prefix form of Carry Look Ahead Adder & widely used adder in the industries of the present day. One of the most efficient sutra in vedic mathematics named as Urdhva Triyakbhyam strikes a difference in the actual multiplication process. Since the adder used generates the carry signal in O(logn) time, it is widely considered to be the fastest adder design possible. Proposing Kogge Stone Adder by using MUX provides less components, less path delay and better speed compare to other existing Kogge Stone Adder and other Adders. In this research, we have implemented KSA with Mux and Vedic Multiplication. This work estimates the performance of proposed design in terms of Logic and route delay. The experimental results show that the performance of KSA with MUX and Vedic Multiplication is faster compared to other Adders. The proposed algorithm is developed using verilog HDL. Implementation has been done using Xilinx14.2, Spartan 6,


We studied changes in the femoral shaft after femoral endoprosthetic replacement from the viewpoint of bone remodeling.We evaluated 39 hips followed-up for 6 months to 6 years and 1 month. The width of bone, medulla and cortex were measured at the end level of the stem on each radiograph taken after surgery and after over 6 months. Changes were classified into 6 types of bone remodeling according to Iwasaki's classification.The types (TYPE I, IV) in which the cortex was thickening were frequently detected as having an unstable stem. Stress and minor mobility of the stem-end due to ustability may have caused bone remodeling which controled resorption of bone in the endosteum and promoted formation of bone in the periosteum. Thin cortex and enlarge-ment of the medullary cavity in type V was caused by aging and osteoporosis. It was assumed that this change in bone remodeing coutribute to progression of the unstable stem and sinking of the stem in the femoral shaft.


In this paper, We introduce and study a new system of variational inclusions involving(H, η)-monotone operators in Hilbert spaces. By using the resolvent operator method associated with (H, η)-monotone operators, we prove the existence and uniqueness of solutions and the convergence of some new three-step iterative algorithms for this system of variational inclusions and its special cases. The results in this paper extends and improves some results in the literature.


The article introduces the newly-founded German Conference of Religious Superiors (Deutsche Ordensobernkonferenz - DOK), and comments on its history and on its canonical status as a public canonical juridical person. The article also explores certain general and specific questions from the Constitutions of the DOK. Attention is thus drawn to a church institution that wishes to act in public for the entire body of religious and their communities.


Objective
To explore the clinical treatment outcomes of the optic pathway glioma in children with diencephalic syndrome.

Methods
The clinical data of 8 cases of optic pathway glioma with diencephalic syndrome were analyzed retrospectively who were admitted to Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Children′s Hospital, Capital Medical University from July 2015 to December 2018. The range of the children′s ages was from 8.0 to 42.2 months. No weight gain was reported in all those patients before the age of 1 year, and they showed a cachexia state of extreme emaciation at admission. The range of children′s preoperative weights was from 5.5 to 11.5 kg. The weight-for-age Z score was lower than -2 in all 8 patients who underwent microsurgical resection of tumor followed by chemotherapy post operation.

Results
Among the 8 cases of optic pathway glioma combined with diencephalic syndrome, subtotal resection was achieved in 7 cases, near-total resection in 1, and there was no death related to operation. Postoperative pathological examination confirmed 2 cases of pilocytic astrocytoma and 6 cases of pilomyxoid astrocytoma. The range of follow-up period of 8 children was from 1 to 18 months, the range of postoperative weight was from 8.0 to 20.0 kg, the weight of all patients increased to various degrees, and some of the patients′ clinical symptoms were alleviated. One patient died after discharge, and chemotherapy was applied to the rest of 7 patients. Residual tumor shrank in 4 patients, progressed in 2 and disseminated in 1.

Conclusions
Subtotal tumor resection in children with optic pathway gliomas and diencephalic syndrome could significantly improve the symptom of emaciation and alleviate some other symptoms. There seems to be great variability in the tumor sensitivity to postoperative chemotherapy.

Key words:
Glioma; Child; Optic pathway glioma; Diencephalic syndrome; Treatment outcome


Fifteen adult dogs furnish the basis for the observations which are to follow. The animals were kept in metabolism cages and given a diet of Purina Dog Chow. No restriction as to the amount was made in the diet or in the water intake. The dithiol was given intramuscularly at 9 a. m. and 9 p. m. on 4 successive days. The dogs were divided into 3 groups. The animals of Group I were given 5 mg per kilo of the dithiol per dose, those of Group II, 15 mg and the members of Group III, 30 mg per kilo. Prior to the commencement of the injections liver function studies were undertaken by the use of bromsulfalein according to the technique devised by Rosenthal and White. 1 For the normal animals and those of Group I, such observations have been satisfactory in that all of the dye was removed from the plasma within half an hour. In the animals of Group II and Group III receiving respectively 15 and 30 mg of dithiol per kilo the rate of removal was invariably prolonged beyond the half-hour period. The percentage removal however during this and subsequent periods was extremely variable. The evidence for the development of a liver injury from the dithiol is not confined to such variable functional observations but has been ascertained by obtaining biopsy material from the livers and by the study of such tissue in those animals that came to autopsy. The tissue was stained for lipoid material with Scharlach R and also with hematoxylin and eosin. A study of such material permits the following conclusions: 1. In the animals of Group I which received 5 mg of 2-3-dithiopropinol per kilo it was difficult if not impossible to ascertain by such a micro-chemical method whether or not there was any actual increase in lipoid material in the hepatic epithelium over that which can be frequently observed in such tissue designated as normal.


Abstract : In recent years a significant number of digital devices and systems have been added to receiving and data-processing sites. These additions have enhanced the ability of the sites to accomplish their mission. They have also introduced new kinds of electromagnetic interference (EMI) into these sites along with accompanying performance degradation problems. In this thesis one specific case of EMI is considered. It is EMI from a digital climate-control system of a building housing a data-processing facility. The digital system generated excessive amounts of EMI. The EMI was conducted throughout the site over power and control conductors. Electromagnetic fields from EMI current flowing in these conductors coupled the EMI into other nearby conductors. Integrated barrier, filter, and ground techniques were used to reduce the conducted and radiated EMI to harmless levels. Electromagnetic interference, Electromagnetic compatibility, Barriers filters, Grounds, Variable-Frequency drive controller, Variable speed motors, EMI standards.


Previous research has demonstrated that deviant workplace behaviors lead to more workplace deviance. Focusing specifically on knowledge hiding and abusive supervision, this paper explores the recip...


The methods of selection specialists which are based on evaluation of the extent of confidence to the level of their professional opinion are suggested. A special questionnaire has been compiled to conduct the surveys of respondents. The results obtained have been tabulated and adjusted so that they could be used for creating the rating scale of evaluation the confidence extent as to the level of professional opinion of experts.


We report on a A 32/spl times/32 pixel CMOS imager with a digital pixel output fabricated in a 0.6 /spl mu/m CMOS process. The imager incorporates an embedded ALOHA MAC interface for unfettered self-timed pixel read-out in energy aware sensor network applications. Collision on the output is monitored using an analog contention detector. The imager has an unprecedented dynamic range of 240 dB for an individual pixel with an array dynamic range of 180 dB. The power consumption is 795 /spl mu/W for typical outdoor illumination conditions with a typical pixel mean event rate of 10 K samples/s with frame rate updates of 4.88 K frames/s.


The article presents the study of logistics traditional tools in the sphere of continuing education and that of peculiarities of logistics system formation. Modern researches in area of logistic spread not only on a production sphere, transport, storage, but also widely inculcated in the sphere of services. Logistics spreads widely to the sphere of services, but its application in the educational field is insufficiently studied. Relevance of the study is in identification of approaches to optimization of educational institution activities by means of logistics tools in the market of continuing education. The author analyzes the principles of traditional logistics system formation and specificity of the institutions functioning in the sphere of continuing education. The paper describes similar and distinctive features of the logistics system levels in the sphere of continuing education compared with the traditional one. Consequently, the analysis data show the peculiarities of the logistics system formation in the sphere of continuing education. An author is put questions for further research of specific of management streams in the field of additional education.


One can identify two great movements during the nineteenth century in which educational theories and practices were transplanted from Europe and the United States to Brazil. The first addressed the secondary school curriculum, and began with the founding of the Imperial College Pedro II in Rio de Janeiro in 1838. The college was created by the Imperial Government to, in part, serve as a model for private and public secondary schools in the provinces. Throughout the 1800s, French curriculum theory shaped the debates about the purpose, organization and content taught in the College, and to a larger extent, about the nature of secondary education in general. The second transnational movement centered on the method of teaching in the primary school.


The traditional bottom shears method calculating level earth qu ake function can not reflect really many layers masonry construction house level earthquake function distribution, putting forward the quantity of concentration for this text with all the bottom that even quantity combine together shears th e method?That method distributes the characteristics according to many layers m asonry construction house weight,carrying the floor permanent load ?the variable load with the wall weight the differentiation treats,reflecting more really the earthquake function distribute?


The tinting strength test has been standardised so as to obtain complete dispersion of carbon blacks down to a size of 50 mμ (= 0·000030 mm.) or less. Standardisation of the test has been possible with carbon blacks whoso size (within the range 300 to 30 mμ) has been determined by the electron microscope. A discussion of the relationship between surface area and mean particle size for particles which are spherical, cubical, or oven slightly prismatic, shows that the method can be used to assess moan specific surface or mean particle size for black powders below 50mμ (0·050 ram. or 240 B.S. mesh), that is for sub-sieve sizes. The range of sizes which can be assessed extends to lower limits of size than can be examined by sedimentation tests or microscopical counts. The method has been applied particularly in a study of the fine grinding of coke and coal, and could be applied to other black powders. Its application to white powders should be possible if suitable standards can be chosen from measurements by the electron microscope. The method is simple, requires little equipment and is rapid to carry out when the art has been acquired.


We review the construction of the gauge theory for semi-simple Lie groups by Utiyama in "Invariant Theoretical Interpretation of Interaction"[1]. It is shown an auxiliary field A μ a x must be introduced in order to keep the system of fields ϕ A x invariant under a transformation group depending on n parameters ϵ a x. This auxiliary field interacts with ϕ through the covariant derivative ∇ μ ϕ A. We determine the transformation law for A μ a under the x μ-dependent Lie group and calculate the field strength F μ ν a x. Moreover, we specify the conserved current J a μ related to the invariance of the complete system. The paper ends with the application of the general theory to the cases of the charged particle in an electromagnetic field and of the Yang-Mills potential under isotopic spin space transformations; we briefly address the matter of the gravitational field as a gauge theory; finally, we comment on the extension of Utiyama's theory for L A = L A A μ a ; ∂ ν A μ a ; ∂ ρ ∂ ν A μ a x.


Prostomium shallowly cleft anteriorly, antennae extending to tip of palpophore. Notosetae present, though very few and not in every setiger. Neurosetae Type A (Fig. 1c). Supra-neuroacicular falcigers in setiger 10 with blades 5.4 × longer than width of shaft head, moderately serrated, 11 teeth, teeth about uniform in length. Sub-neuroacicular falcigers in setiger 10 dorsally with blades 6.2 × longer than width of shaft head, 13 teeth. Sub-neuroacicular spinigers in posterior region with blades having coarse serrations proximally. [taken from Glasby 1999a] Estuarine species.


When considering the amount of shortwave radiation incident on a photovoltaic solar array and, therefore, the amount and stability of the energy output from the system, clouds represent the greatest source of short-term (i.e., scale of minutes to hours) variability through scattering and reflection of incoming solar radiation. Providing estimates of this short-term variability is important for determining and regulating the output from large solar arrays as they connect with the larger power infrastructure. In support of the installation of a 37-MW solar array on the grounds of Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), a study of the impacts of clouds on the output of the solar array has been undertaken. The study emphasis is on predicting the change in surface solar radiation resulting from the observed/forecast cloud field on a 5-minute time scale. At these time scales, advection of cloud elements over the solar array is of particular importance. As part of the BNL Aerosol Life Cycle Intensive Operational Period (IOP), a 915-MHz Radar Wind Profiler (RWP) was deployed to determine the profile of low-level horizontal winds and the depth of the planetary boundary layer. The initial deployment mission of the 915-MHz RWP for cloud forecasting has been expanded the deploymentmore » to provide horizontal wind measurements for estimating and constraining cloud advection speeds. A secondary focus is on the observation of dynamics and microphysics of precipitation during cold season/winter storms on Long Island. In total, the profiler was deployed at BNL for 1 year from May 2011 through May 2012.« less


The main objective for this degree project was to analyze the Endpoint Security Solutions developed by Cisco, Microsoft and a third minor company solution represented by InfoExpress. The different ...


The routine PID controller has been applied to the course control because of its fine simpleness,stability and high dependability.The quality of the PID regulating process depends on the exactly making of each parameter of the controller.The routine PID controller can't make parameter exactly online.So it can't control the system which is nonlinear and complicated,as well as unclear model.The fuzzy controller can controlled the complicated and unclear-model system simply and effectively.Therefore,combining the advantage of the traditional controller,meanwhile,considering the characteristics of realizing the fuzzy control,the idea of fuzzy PID controler has been raised.


In this paper, we present a system to recognize text in traffic signs, along with its context based recognition result corrections that we developed. This system detects text in traffic signs region using contour detection and using KNN Classifier to recognize letters in it. The result of the recognitions that may contain errors will be corrected using Forward Reverse Dictionary that has Contextual Database. This testing is done for recognition system without correction and recognition system with correction on a sample sign. This implementation increases the accuracy rate of word recognition by 10% at 10% noise on a 100% area which is quite good.


This paper presents a guideline of a partial state matching approach for time-parallel simulation. Two algorithms using this approach to simulate FCFS G/G/1/K and G/D/1/K queues in which arriving customers that find the queue full are lost are proposed. Experiments with M/M/1/K and M/D/1/K models show that the performance of the algorithms in terms of convergence speed and accuracy is good in general cases. The worst performance of the algorithms occurs when traffic intensity approaches one. An argument is made to explain this phenomenon.


4-Hydroxypyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid (chelidamic acid, cdaH(3)) reacts with MnCl(2)·2H(2)O in the presence of 2-amino-4-methylpyrimidine in water to afford the tetranuclear title complex, [Mn(4)(C(8)H(3)NO(5))(4)(H(2)O)(10)]·3.34H(2)O, built through carboxylate bridging. The tetranuclear complex sits on a centre of inversion at (½, ½, ½). In the crystal, discrete undecameric (H(2)O)(10.34) water clusters (involving both coordinated and uncoordinated water molecules, with one site of an uncoordinated water molecule not fully occupied) assemble these tetranuclear Mn(II) complex units via an intricate array of hydrogen bonding into an overall three-dimensional network. The degree of structuring of the (H(2)O)(10.34) supramolecular association of water molecules observed in the present compound, imposed by its environment and vice versa, will be discussed in comparison to that observed for the (H(2)O)(14) supramolecular clusters in the case of the dinuclear complex [Mn(2)(cdaH)(2)(H(2)O)(4)]·4H(2)O [Ghosh et al. (2005). Inorg. Chem. 44, 3856-3862].


The previous article closed with a discussion of the application of the general issue between the analytic and the synthetic methods to the relation of form and movement. A question which is closely related to the one which has just been discussed concerns the advisability of training all of the elements of the writing movement simultaneously, or training first one and then the other. The same answer may probably be given here as in the question of the relation of form and movement. The writing movement is so complex that it is doubtless better (unless indeed we attempt to confine it to one component) to lay emphasis first upon one of the components and then upon the other. The question then remains whether it is better to train first the finger component or the arm component. This question has already been touched upon. It may be added to what has already been said that although the child may use the finger movements predominantly in his early writing at the desk, the arm movements may be advantageously employed in writing at the board or even in writing with wax crayon or pencil upon paper. That is, when the child is using materials which call for large rough movements he may readily employ the arm movements. But when he is attempting to write letters in smaller compass and to produce letters correct in form it is probably well to allow him at first to follow his natural inclination to use the finger movement.


We study fiscal rules using a sovereign default model. A debt-brake (spread-brake) rule imposes a ceiling on the fiscal deficit when the sovereign debt (spread) is above a threshold. For our benchmark calibration, similar gains can be achieved with the optimal debt or spread brake. However, for a "Union" of heterogeneous economies, a common spread brake generates larger gains than a common debt brake. Furthermore, gains from abandoning a common debt brake may be significant for economies that are unnecessarily constrained by the rule. In contrast, abandoning a common spread brake would generate losses for any economy in the Union. (JEL E62, F34, F41, H61, H63)


The utility model relates to a non glue combined carpet and comprises a surface layer and a bottom layer made of non woven cloth. The non glue combined carpet is characterized in that the mutual fiber of the surface layer and the bottom layer is caused to be randomly interwoven and combined through the pricking process of a needle. The non glue combined carpet adopts the method of pricking with the needle and combining to cause the surface layer made of high melting point non woven cloth material and the bottom layer made of low melting point non woven cloth material to be connected together. The non glue combined carpet effectively solves the problem of the pollution of the glue water and achieves the requirements of environmental protection and safety.


In a future society with an increasing amount of intermittent electricity production and lower inertia, it is important to find new, fast frequency-regulating resources to maintain a stable electrical system with a safe energy supply. One example of such a resource is batteries. A technology that has received increasing attention in recent years is the so-called ''Vehicle To Grid'' (V2G) technology, where electric car batteries have the possibility of both controlled charging but also discharging back into the power grid again, depending on the needs and prevailing situation. Since V2G is an already proven concept and technically viable, this work instead aims to examine the market acceptance for a V2G-service and where on the Swedish electricity market an aggregator of V2G-energy could beneficially act. As part of this investigation, a qualitative interview study was carried out in which ten potential customers were included with the aim of investigating what opportunities these would have to contribute to the service, but also what their incentives to participate would be. Furthermore the possible concerns and requirement specifications that they would have if they were to be offered a V2G service of an aggregator are investigated. The interviewed actors consists of two main customer groups; the first is companies that own larger car fleets (both electric and conventional vehicles) and the other one is providers of charging infrastructure, such as parking managers in cities and airports. The report also studied how the use of V2G would affect the battery regarding to possible wear, together with a study on the electric car market and how the implementation of the technology in different car models look today and may look in the future. Furthermore, the Swedish electricity market has also been investigated regarding structure, rules and (if available) historical price statistics to get an idea of where on the market the aggregator should advantageously act. This was also used get an economic perception of possible gains and during which times it is most beneficial to trade.

The results of the report show that there was a widespread interest among the interviewees to make their vehicles' capacity available to an aggregator service when they are not used for the activities that each business requires. The incentives prove to be different between the actors. However, many of the interviewees see the service as an opportunity to increase the economic benefit of the vehicles during its lifetime since many of them are not actively used a big parts of the day. Many actors would like to see that the aggregator was able to use their capacity in return for that the aggregator provided them with charging infrastructure. Another common denominator was the ability to contribute with social benefits, where an visualization of this could further increase the interest. Furthermore, it appeared that most companies had a relatively large predictability in their vehicle use, which is an advantage for a possible aggregator.

This report cannot give a unequivocal picture of how the electric car batteries are affected by this type of frequency control service when it comes to wear connected to V2G. Some of the reports examined in this paper show results of a minor wear as a consequence of the use of the service. One report, however, claims that V2G, if used for frequency regulation in the form of small charge/discharge cycles, could actually be positive for the battery. THrough the investigations of the various market structures and ragulations, it can be concluded that these are currently not entirely ready for this type of service. However, restructuring of the markets is underway, which opens up the possibility for new services and roles, which is beneficial for the emergence of an aggregator that can offer V2G-related services. Financial pricing and prerequisites are presented in the report, but given that the Swedish electricity market, and also the electricity system as a whole, are currently undergoing major changes, the economic results in this report should only be seen as an indication of the economic potential for this type of service in the future.


We have demonstrated a new electro‐optical device for field‐induced color (FIC) based on polymer‐stabilized blue phase (PSBP) liquid crystals. Applying an electric field across the cell results in a red shift in Bragg reflected wavelength. The switchable colors of this device are polarization independent, color filter and polarizer free.


The curing behaviour of an unsaturated polyester resin has been studied by gel time and pseudo-adiabatic exotherm measurements. The gel time corresponded closely with the initial rise in exotherm temperature. Incorporation of tert-butyl catechol inhibitor increased the gel time in a linear fashion and the exotherm was similarly delayed. An increase in the concentrations of initiator (either methyl ethyl ketone peroxide or acetyl acetone peroxide) or cobalt octoate accelerator decreased the gel time in a reciprocal fashion and increased the rate of polymerization. These results are fitted to a theoretical model for inhibition and initiation.

© 2001 Society of Chemical Industry


We no longer doubt that everything in the world is energy; but there is a fundamental distinction between the energy of life and the energy of matter. These form two orders that are sharply distinguished by their own specific laws, neither of which can be reduced to terms of the other1. The energy of the physical world condenses into matter, but it remains without organisation and without limits. The energy of life, on the contrary, condenses into welldefined organisations which are limited in their form and in their duration, the latter being death.


SREBPs are master regulators of lipid homeostasis and undergo sterol‐regulated export from ER to Golgi apparatus for processing and activation via COPII‐coated vesicles. While COPII recognizes SREBP through its escort protein SCAP, factor(s) specifically promoting SREBP/SCAP loading to the COPII machinery remains unknown. Here, we show that the ER/lipid droplet‐associated protein Cideb selectively promotes the loading of SREBP/SCAP into COPII vesicles. Sterol deprivation releases SCAP from Insig and enhances ER export of SREBP/SCAP by inducing SCAP‐Cideb interaction, thereby modulating sterol sensitivity. Moreover, Cideb binds to the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Sec12 to enrich SCAP/SREBP at ER exit sites, where assembling of COPII complex initiates. Loss of Cideb inhibits the cargo loading of SREBP/SCAP, reduces SREBP activation, and alleviates diet‐induced hepatic steatosis. Our data point to a linchpin role of Cideb in regulated ER export of SREBP and lipid homeostasis.


Twenty eight multiparous lactating cows were utilized in an experiment to evaluate the response to an exogenous fibrolytic enzyme on their lactational performance during early lactation period (in terms of milk production, milk composition, feed intake, milking efficiency, body weight change) and the exact time of this response. Cows were randomized into two groups (14 each) with similar parities and were fed a concentrate ration of barley, ground corn, soybean meal, and wheat bran and roughage ration of alfalfa hay. One of the two groups was supplemented with the fibrolytic enzyme immediately after parturition up to 100 post partum. The experiment was of two phases with 50 days each. The enzyme, which has a cellulase/hemicellulase activity (derived from Trichoderma group), was added to the concentrate part of the ration in a dry powder form. Milk production, 3.5% fat corrected milk, energy corrected milk were higher (p<0.05) for cows fed treated diet. At the same time, No differences were observed in percentages of milk components, feed intake, body weight, body weight change, or rectal temperature for the whole experimental period or during any of the two phases. Efficiency of milk production was higher (p<0.05) for treatment group cows than for that of the control ones. However, efficiency was better during the second phase than during the first phase. Feeding enzyme treated diets to dairy cows improved lactational performance during early 100 day of the lactation period. However, the first 50 days of lactation looked to be the critical. (Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 2003. Vol 16, No. 5 :677-684)


General Principles of Treatment. WHENEVER possible the diagnosis of anremia should precede treatment. Treatment should then be given with the hrematinic substance apparently deficient. If the diagnosis is in doubt, clinical trial of hrematinics should be made in steps, and combined preparations are best avoided. Response to treatment should be gauged if possible by reticulocyte counts at appropriate times and by red cell counts and hremoglobin estimations. A full and varied diet should be given, and it should contain a full amount of first-class protein and vitamins; the latter are probably best in their natural state. Infections should be treated if possible.


The relaxation processes of densely grafted linear and ring polymer brushes in thermal equilibrium are studied via coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations and relaxation mode analysis (RMA). ...


A pen study investigated the effects of udder damage and 3 levels of nutrition (110, 90 and 70% of maintenance requirements) during the pre- and post-natal period on the performance of Merino ewes and lambs. Udder damage (only 1 functional teat) significantly reduced (P< 0.05) estimated daily milk yield of ewes (1 139 v. 963 mL/day), growth rate (180.5 v. 143.7 g/ day) and liveweight of lambs (10.1 v. 8.8 kg) at 4-6 weeks of age. Lamb survival was significantly reduced only in the 70% of maintenance treatment (82.2 v. 64.8%). Nutrition level significantly (P< 0.05) affected ewe and lamb performance. Estimated daily ewe milk yield (1146, 1070 and 938 mL/day), ewe liveweight (40.4, 39.2 and 37.1 kg) at lamb marking, and lamb growth rate (178.1, 169.5 and 138.8 g/day) and liveweight (10.2, 9.6 and 8.6 kg) at 4-6 weeks were significantly higher for ewes fed on 110 and 90% of their requirements than for ewes fed at 70% of their requirements respectively. Lamb survival (89.9%) from ewes fed at 110% of requirements was significantly higher than lamb survival (75.3 and 73.5%) from ewes fed at 90 and 70% of requirements respectively. There was no significant interaction between the level of nutrition and udder damage in any parameter of ewe or lamb performance. Birth weight (3.0 v. 3.8 kg) and survival (49.3 v. 84.2%) were significantly (P<0.01) lower in twins than in single birth lambs. Growth rate of single lambs and single survivors of twins reared as single lambs were similar (167 and 160 g/day respectively); both of these groups grew more rapidly (P< 0.01) than lambs reared as twins (91 g/day). Lamb growth rate was positively correlated with ewe milk yield (r=0.75; P<0.01), ewe weight (r = 0.37; P< 0.01) and lamb birth weight (r = 0.24; P< 0.05). Lamb birth weight and ewe milk yield were also significantly and positively correlated with ewe weight. Male lambs were significantly heavier at birth and grew significantly faster than female lambs.


MgO thin films are proposed as a template for the effective integration of three and four element oxides on wide band gap SiC for next generation multifunctional devices. Oriented, crystalline MgO(111) of 20–380A is grown on 6H-SiC(0001) by molecular beam epitaxy at a substrate temperature of 140°C using a magnesium effusion cell and a remote oxygen plasma source with ion deflection plates located at the end of the plasma discharge tube and approximately 7in. from the sample surface. Films are conformal to the steps of the cleaned SiC surface with a rms roughness of 0.45±0.05nm. Magnesium adsorption controls the growth rate in an excess oxygen environment with Mg:O flux ratios of 1:99–1:20, where the oxygen flux is the equivalent molecular oxygen. The oxygen plasma, which was determined to be free of ions when the ion deflection plates are energized, does impact nucleation and initial stages of the MgO film formation, and there may be evidence of etching mechanisms involved in the thicker film growth. Che...


We study the following nonlinear Schrodinger equation , where the potential vanishes at infinity. Working in weighted Sobolev space, we obtain the ground states of problem under a Nahari type condition. Furthermore, if are radically symmetric with respect to , it is shown that problem has a positive solution with some more general growth conditions of the nonlinearity. Particularly, if , then the growth restriction in Ambrosetti et al. (2005) can be relaxed to , where if .


Colorectal cancer has become a major public health problem in the US. Transcription factor 21 (TCF21) is reported to be silenced in colorectal cancer tissues. However, the mechanism of TCF21 in tumor pericytes is still unclear. In our study, we aim to identify the key biological processes and signaling pathways by analyzing the RNA-seq data. The GSE200064 was produced by the Illumina NovaSeq 6000 (Homo sapiens). The KEGG and GO analyses showed that MAPK signaling pathway and complement/coagulation cascades are the major changed signaling pathways in the progression of tumor pericytes with overexpression of TCF21. Moreover, we identified several interactive molecules including VEGFA, MMP2, CCL2, COL3A1, COL1A2, CXCL12, ELN, PDGFRB, VWF, and APOE. These findings may benefit the study of colorectal cancer treatment.


In order to research the impact of the vibration on working stability of the vibration compaction system (VCS) and increase the paver's performance, the acceleration responses at the screed surface under the excitation frequencies of the tampers and vibration screed are analyzed via the root mean square acceleration responses (RMSAR) at the bottom of the screed surface. A non-linear dynamic model of the VCS is then established to research the impact of the VCS's dynamic parameters on the performance of paver via the objective functions of the vertical, pitch and roll RMSAR of the vibration screed. The dynamic parameters are then optimized based on a multi-objective genetic algorithm to enhance the paver's performance. The experiment and simulation results show that the dynamic parameters greatly affect the paver's performance. The compression performance is quickly increased, while the working stability and paving quality are reduced with increasing the angular deviations of tampers and excitation frequencies of both the tampers and vibration screed and vice versa. Also, the paver's performance is significantly improved by using the optimal parameters of the VCS.


The investigation was set out to study the mean performance, heritability and genetic gain of yield and its components of Brassica rapa genotypes. Six genotypes of B. rapa were chosen for one or more several important traits for genetic improvement and were crossed in a half diallel design and genetic analyses were conducted based on different generations. The inherent genetic differences among the genotypes were found which might be exploited through selection. The life span of the parent SAU 3 was the lowest but its yield was moderate compared to other parents. The highest yield and 1000-seed weight were noticed in TORI 7 and its 80% maturity was achieved in 81 days. In case of hybrids, the lowest life time of 79.33 days was found in SAU 3 X TORI 7. The highest yield per plant and 1000-seed weight was observed in BARI 6 X SAU 2 and BARI 6 X SAU 1, respectively. The highest heritability was recorded by days to maturity (99.99%) in the hybrid P1×P3 followed by plant height (99.93%) in P2×P6 and length of siliqua (99.83%) in P1×P4. In the cross P1×P2, length of siliqua showed high (58.06%) narrow sense heritability with very low genetic gain (0.65). Considering the yield contributing traits in connection with the heritability and genetic gain, it might be concluded that TORI 7 was the ideal parent and the hybrid combination BARI 6 X SAU1 was the ideal hybrid for B. rapa.


Let $F/K$ be an abelian extension of number fields with $F$ either CM or totally real and $K$ totally real. If $F$ is CM and the Brumer-Stark conjecture holds for $F/K$, we construct a family of $G(F/K)$--equivariant Hecke characters for $F$ with infinite type equal to a special value of certain $G(F/K)$--equivariant $L$-functions. Using results of Greither-Popescu on the Brumer-Stark conjecture we construct $l$-adic imprimitive versions of these characters, for primes $l> 2$. Further, the special values of these $l$-adic Hecke characters are used to construct $G(F/K)$-equivariant Stickelberger-splitting maps in the $l$-primary Quillen localization sequence for $F$, extending the results obtained in 1990 by Banaszak for $K = \Bbb Q$. We also apply the Stickelberger-splitting maps to construct special elements in the $l$-primary piece $K_{2n}(F)_l$ of $K_{2n}(F)$ and analyze the Galois module structure of the group $D(n)_l$ of divisible elements in $K_{2n}(F)_l$, for all $n>0$. If $n$ is odd and coprime to $l$ and $F = K$ is a fairly general totally real number field, we study the cyclicity of $D(n)_l$ in relation to the classical conjecture of Iwasawa on class groups of cyclotomic fields and its potential generalization to a wider class of number fields. Finally, if $F$ is CM, special values of our $l$-adic Hecke characters are used to construct Euler systems in the odd $K$-groups with coefficients $K_{2n+1}(F, \Bbb Z/l^k)$, for all $n>0$. These are vast generalizations of Kolyvagin's Euler system of Gauss sums and of the $K$-theoretic Euler systems constructed in Banaszak-Gajda when $K = \Bbb Q$.


When the planing hull is sailing at high speed, the proportion of air resistance to the total resistance increases significantly. Therefore, by studying the aerodynamic characteristics of the planing hull shape, we can analyze the influence of the hull shape on the aerodynamic performance of the planing hull, and find a method to reduce the proportion of air resistance. The research took the planing trimaran as the research object, completed the wind tunnel test, and established the numerical simulation method by solving the RANS equation and combining the k-ε turbulence model. Combined with the wind tunnel test data, the calculation accuracy of the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method was judged. Then, four superstructure shapes and two tail shapes were simulated by the CFD method, and the characteristics of the air resistance and airflow field of several drag reduction schemes with a volume Froude number between 7.00–17.51 were analyzed. The research focuses on the aerodynamic force of the planing hull. The results show that the circular arc stern has a more obvious drag reduction effect than the square stern, and the streamlined mid-arched superstructure has certain advantages in the drag reduction effect.


Peroxisome proliferators(POPs),such as hypolipidemic drugs or industrial phthalate ester plasticizers,are widely known as non-genotoxic hepatocarcinogens in rodents.As one of the possible mechanisms of POP-induced carcinogenesis,the"Oxidative Stress" theory has bee postulated.In this review,in order to reconsider the significance of "Oxidative Stress"to POP-induced carcinogenesis,we focus on in vivo studies examining formation of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine(8-OH-dG),a marker of oxidative DNA damage with mutagenic potential,after treatment of rodents with POPs.Some studies clearly demonstrated that 8-OH-dG levels in the liver DNA were increased by OPO-treatments.Thee findings suggest that"Oxidative Stress could contribute as one factor to POP-induced carcinogenesis.Furthermore,we refer to other multiple biological changes caused by POP-treatment presumably contributing to the carcinogenic mechanisms,and consider possible roles of "Oxidative Stress" in the carcinogenesis process.


The present invention provides an endoscope and an endoscope system. The distal end portion of the insertion portion of the endoscope objective optical system is provided. In a subject affected part and the like of electromagnetic waves can be transmitted for placement identifier. Inserting the distal end portion of the rear portion of the endoscope or the like is provided for use with a position detecting electromagnetic indwelling identifier of the sensor, the position sensor and the distal end portion of the insertion portion into a predetermined positional relationship.


Abstract Amid growing interest in studying China and India together, this special issue, "Methods in China-India Studies," seeks to open a conversation on the relevance, approaches, and stakes of China-India research. Why should we pair China and India together, how can we best do so, and to what ends? In this introduction to the issue, the editors first discuss the rationales commonly evoked as justification for studying China and India together. The first section articulates shared intellectual commitments as lending a coherence to China-India studies, and as providing a common ground and point of departure for scholars across disciplinary boundaries. The second section outlines a history of the China-India pairing from the first century CE to the end of the twentieth century, with a focus on how a range of historical actors paired China and India under shifting political circumstances and with differing objectives. This section also offers an assessment of the methodological approaches recent scholarship has extended to studying each of these periods. As a whole, this introduction reflects on the unique challenges and opportunities of conducting China-India research, and outlines some of the contributions the China and India conceptual pairing can make to other fields of study.


Waveform diversity design is a vital issue in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems because the waveforms should have good orthogonality, high coherence, and large time-bandwidth product. However, most of the existing waveforms are not suitable for MIMO SAR and difficult to be implemented in a real-life scene. This letter investigates a scheme for designing chirp modulation diversity waveforms with large time-bandwidth product, constant modulus, implementation simplicity, good Doppler tolerance, and orthogonality. The four waveforms are orthogonal on both transmit and receive. The waveform performances are investigated through the correlation and ambiguity functions. Numerical results validate the superiorities of the designed four waveforms in MIMO SAR high-resolution imaging.


ABSTRACT The treatment of college students who have experienced trauma in their lives is commonplace in University and College Counseling Centers. Despite this, there is almost no literature on navigating the challenges of treating trauma in this context. Accordingly, in this paper, we discuss the importance for college counselors to consider the "fishbowl effect" when working with traumatized students. This refers to the ways that college students often share their concerns with a wide range of people, who in turn offer good-hearted advice. While this can be very useful as we discuss, it can also pose unique challenges for the treatment of trauma as these people do not often have an understanding of dissociation and enactment. We introduce these ideas and then use case examples throughout the paper to demonstrate their relevance to college counseling. Finally, we offer some thoughts on treating trauma within the fishbowl of higher education.


The invention relates to a modified extract of the EUCHEUMA COTTONII ALGAE. THIS EXTRACT IS A CARRAGEENANE SULPHATE, THE VISCOSITY OF A WATER SOLUTION AT 75C OF 1.5 AT LEAST 5 MPA.S AND NOT LESS THAN 20 MPA.S. APPLICATION TO CHOCOLATE MILK STABILIZED BY THIS EXTRACT.


The advent of high-resolution spectrographs and detailed stellar atmosphere modelling has strengthened the need for accurate molecular data. Carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) stars spectra are interesting objects with which to study transitions from the CH molecule. We combine programs for spectral analysis of molecules and stellar-radiative transfer codes to build an extensive CH linelist, including predissociation broadening as well as newly identified levels. We show examples of strong predissociation CH lines in CEMP stars, and we stress the important role played by the CH features in the Bond-Neff feature depressing the spectra of barium stars by as much as 0.2 mag in the λ = 3000-5500 A range. Because of the extreme thermodynamic conditions prevailing in stellar atmospheres (compared to the laboratory), molecular transitions with high energy levels can be observed. Stellar spectra can thus be used to constrain and improve molecular data.


The crystal and molecular structures of three R2Sn(S2COMe)2 compounds have been determined and show that the tin atom in each case exists in a distorted trapezoidal bipyramidal geometry with the tin-bound organo substituents lying over the longer edge of the trapezoidal plane. For Me2Sn(S2COMe)2, one of the xanthate ligands coordinates via both sulfur atoms (S-,S- chelation) but the other uses one sulfur and the oxygen atom in coordination to tin (S-,O- chelation). More conventional geometries, with S-,S- chelation only, are found for Ph(Me)Sn(S2COMe)2 and Ph2Sn(S2COMe)2. Theoretical predictions of the isolated molecular structures have been calculated using ab initio and density functional theories (all with the 3-21G** basis set) and reveal a different arrangement of the ligand donor set for each compound, i.e., one featuring both ligands with S-,O- chelation. Differences between the single-molecule and solid-state structures are ascribed to the influence of intermolecular interactions on the molecular ...


While hypothalamic kisspeptin (KP) neurons play well-established roles in puberty and reproduction, kisspeptin neurons in the lateral septum (KPLS neurons) and other extrahypothalamic sites have received less attention. We found that the onset of LS kisspeptin expression was linked to pubertal development and estrogen receptor signaling. Cell numbers were higher in females vs. males, continued to increase in adulthood and exogenous estrogen administered to adult mice was able to switch on the Kiss1 gene promoter in new sets of septal neurons. Using RNA-Seq studies of laser-microdissected neurons from ovariectomized mice treated with 17β-estradiol (E2) vs. vehicle, we found that KPLS neurons largely differ from hypothalamic KP neurons in their transcriptome profile which included 571 estrogen-dependent transcripts from which 80% were upregulated by a 4-day E2-treatment of ovariectomized mice. Notably, Kiss1 expression in the LS was considerably lower than in hypothalamic KP neurons, being undetectable in ovariectomized mice and inducible by E2 supplementation. Finally, immunohistochemical detection of septal kisspeptin neurons and their fibers in the human brain suggested that the functions of this neuronal system are evolutionarily conserved. Ontogeny, sexual dimorphism and robust estrogenic regulation raise the intriguing possibility that the KPLS system is a new central player in the estrogen-dependent control of reproductive and/or non-reproductive functions in mice, with a possible human relevance supported by the immunohistochemical observations on post mortem tissues.


Fast responsive regulation resources are potentially more valuable as a power system regulation resource (more efficient) because they allow applying controls at the exact moment and in the exact amount as needed. Faster control is desirable because it facilitates more reliable compliance with the NERC Control Performance Standards at relatively lesser regulation capacity procurements. The current California ISO practices and markets do not provide a differentiation among the regulation resources based on their speed of response (with the exception of some minimum ramping capabilities). Some demand response technologies, including some generation and energy storage resources, can provide quicker control actions. California ISO practices and markets could be updated to welcome more fast regulation resources into the California ISO service area. The project work reported in this work was pursuing the following objectives: • Develop methodology to assess the relative value of generation resources used for regulation and load following California ISO functions • This assessment should be done based on physical characteristics including the ability to quickly change their output following California ISO signals • Evaluate what power is worth on different time scales • Analyze the benefits of new regulation resources to provide effective compliance with the mandatory NERCmore » Control Performance Standards • Evaluate impacts of the newly proposed BAAL and FRR standards on the potential value of fast regulation and distributed regulation resources • Develop a scope for the follow-up projects to pave a road for the new efficient types of balancing resources in California. The work included the following studies: • Analysis of California ISO regulating units characteristics • California ISO automatic generation system (AGC) analysis • California ISO regulation procurement and market analysis • Fast regulation efficiency analysis • Projection of the California ISO load following and regulation requirements into the future • Value of fast responsive resources depending on their ramping capability • Potential impacts of the balancing authority area control error limit (BAAL), which is a part of the newly proposed NERC standard "Balancing Resources and Demand" • Potential impacts of the Western Electricity Coordinating Council (WECC) frequency responsive reserve (FRR) standard • Recommendations for the next phase of the project. The following main conclusions and suggestions for the future have been made: • The analysis of regulation ramping requirements shows that the regulation system should be able to provide ramps of at least 40-60 MW per minute for a period up to 6 minutes. • Evaluate if changes are needed in the California ISO AGC system to effectively accommodate new types of fast regulation resources and minimize the California ISO regulation procurement. • California ISO may consider creating better market opportunities for and incentives for fast responsive resources. • An additional study of low probability high ramp events can be recommended to the California ISO. • The California ISO may be willing to consider establishing a more relaxed target CPS2 compliance level. • A BAAL-related study can be recommended for the California ISO as soon as more clarity is achieved concerning the actual enforcement of the BAAL standard and its numerical values for the California ISO. The study may involve an assessment of advantages of the distributed frequency-based control for the California ISO system. The market-related issues that arise in this connection can be also investigated. • A FRR-related study can be recommended for the California ISO as soon as more clarity is achieved concerning the actual enforcement of the FRR standard and its numerical values for the California ISO.« less


Image processing was used to analyze video recordings of electrical breakdown paths in a rod/plane electrode air gap. The number of segments in the breakdown path was found to vary as the applied over-voltage was changed. The results are discussed in terms of a prebreakdown space charge model.


DR. C. L. BERTHAM has presented in a minimum compass the main known facts of the relationship of population and human needs to the availability of animal and vegetable raw materials and foodstuffs (Geogr. J., 107, Nos. 5 and 6, May-June 1946). He accepts Carr-Saunders' estimates that the world's population has increased fourfold in the last three hundred years-from 545 million in 1650 to 2,057 million in 1933. Only Africa (100 million to 145 million) has failed to take part in this remarkable increase. Although probably three quarters of the world's people are farmers or their dependants, the majority of these do not get sufficient food to maintain health. Seventy-five per cent of Asia's 1,150 million people have a diet far below the standard for health : even the best-nourished countries, such as Britain and the United States, had 20-30 per cent of the people suffering from malnutritional diseases before the War. The near-famine conditions now faced by the world are nothing new, but shortages are affecting those who, by their advantageous economic position, had previously been virtually immune from even the fear of famine.


The target space of a (4,0) supersymmetric two-dimensional sigma model with Wess-Zumino term has a connection with totally skew-symmetric torsion and holonomy contained in Sp(n)Sp(1) (resp. Sp(n)), QKT (resp. HKT)-spaces. We study the geometry of QKT, HKT manifold and their twistor spaces. We show that the Swann bundle of a QKT manifold admits a HKT structure with special symmetry if and only if the twistor space of the QKT manifold admits an almost hermitian structure with totally skew-symmetric Nijenhuis tensor, thus connecting two structures arising from quantum field theories and supersymmetric sigma models with Wess-Zumino term.


The numerical study of exterior acoustics problems is usually carried out in the frequency domain. Finite element analyses often require the solution of large‐scale algebraic linear systems. For very large problems, sometimes the time domain is used. Implicit time integration requires linear system solves, but these are often far easier than those from the frequency domain. This paper shows a connection between a spectral transformation preconditioner and a frequency shift time integration. This preconditioner is close to the shifted Laplace preconditioner. The preconditioned iterative method appears to be faster than time integration. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


D iagnosing syphilis can be a challenge because most syphilis tests detect antibodies, not Treponema pallidum or related antigens. In the absence of direct detection methods for T. pallidum, syphilis is usually diagnosed as a "probable case" based on a combination of a treponemal test, a nontreponemal test, clinical history, physical examination, and records of past tests. In many clinics, patient samples are sent to an off-site laboratory for syphilis serologic tests which may result in delays in both treatment for the patient and initiation of partner services. Ideally, tests would allow reliable diagnosis during a single visit to reduce loss to follow-up and increase timeliness of treatment. Several rapid tests are under development or in use internationally, and one has been recently cleared for use in the United States outside laboratory settings. This new rapid test detects antibodies to T. pallidum and does not include a test for nontreponemal antibodies, which is part of most algorithms designed to diagnose syphilis. Is rapid diagnosis and treatment possible in an outreach setting? In what circumstances can a rapid treponemal test improve access to treatment and other services? Here we consider what the tests can do, what the settings might be, and what experience has been to date.


Author Institution: Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-La Crosse, La Crosse, WI 54601; Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, UNAM, Mexico, D.F.; Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom


Abstract. Mark Fagan, progressive Republican who became Mayor of Jersey City in 1901, and his adviser, City Corporation Counsel George L. Record, both followers of Henry George, attempted to use taxation to break up the railroad trust and regulate the railroads. They believed that community wealth belonged to the people, whether it be land or franchises. Their efforts to achieve equal taxation made it a paramount state issue but it failed because the voters were not prepared to approve the social reorganization needed to overcome corporate arrogance and end corporate privilege. But to escape equal taxation the railroads accepted regulation.


BACKGROUND
African Americans exhibit a lower degree of nocturnal blood pressure (BP) dipping compared with Whites, but the reasons for reduced BP dipping in this group are not fully understood. The aim of this study was to identify psychosocial factors associated with BP dipping in a population-based cohort of African Americans.

METHODS
This cross-sectional study included 668 Jackson Heart Study (JHS) participants with valid 24-hour ambulatory BP data and complete data on psychosocial factors of interest including stress, negative emotions, and psychosocial resources (e.g., perceived support). The association of each psychosocial factor with BP dipping percentage and nondipping status (defined as <10% BP dipping) was assessed using linear and Poisson regression models, respectively, with progressive adjustment for demographic, socioeconomic, biomedical, and behavioral factors.

RESULTS
The prevalence of nondipping was 64%. Higher depressive symptoms, higher hostility, and lower perceived social support were associated with a lower BP dipping percentage in unadjusted models and after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, and mean 24-hour systolic BP (P < 0.05). Only perceived support was associated with BP dipping percentage in fully adjusted models. Also, after full multivariable adjustment, the prevalence ratio for nondipping BP associated with 1 SD (7.1 unit) increase in perceived support was 0.93 (95% CI: 0.88-0.99). No other psychosocial factors were associated with nondipping status.

CONCLUSIONS
Lower perceived support was associated with reduced BP dipping in this study. The role of social support as a potentially modifiable determinant of nocturnal BP dipping warrants further investigation.


A monolithically integrated optoelectronic receiver is presented. A silicon-based photo-diode and receiver circuits are integrated on identical substrates in order to eliminate the parasitics induced by hybrid packaging. Implemented in the present deep sub-micron MS/RF (mixed signal, radio frequency) CMOS,this monolithically OEIC takes advantage of several new features to improve the performance of the photo-diode and eventually the whole OEIC.


Nonmagnetic semiconductor based magnetoresistance (MR) devices combining high performance and low cost have attracted a lot of attention. However, it has been a great challenge to separate the interface MR from the bulk MR in the devices composed of Schottky heterojunctions. In this paper, the MR effect of a silicon-based Schottky heterojunction device had been studied, and its mechanisms were investigated by separating the interface MR effects from the bulk MR effects through combining two-probe and four-probe methods. We find that the bulk MR value is significantly smaller than the total MR value in the avalanche breakdown region in the temperature range of 150 K to 300 K, indicating that the total MR effect mainly originates from the interface MR effect. Theoretical analysis shows that the bulk MR effect is a normal one due to the existence of the Lorentz force on the carriers, and the interface MR effect relates to the suppression of the local plasmas by applying magnetic fields, where the local plasmas form due to the avalanche breakdown in the Ag/SiO2/p-Si Schottky heterojunctions. The total MR effect at room temperature can be further enhanced by reducing the distance between electrodes, and the total MR reaches about 1847% under a magnetic field of 1 T and the MR sensitivity is as large as 118.5 T−1 under 0.1 T.Nonmagnetic semiconductor based magnetoresistance (MR) devices combining high performance and low cost have attracted a lot of attention. However, it has been a great challenge to separate the interface MR from the bulk MR in the devices composed of Schottky heterojunctions. In this paper, the MR effect of a silicon-based Schottky heterojunction device had been studied, and its mechanisms were investigated by separating the interface MR effects from the bulk MR effects through combining two-probe and four-probe methods. We find that the bulk MR value is significantly smaller than the total MR value in the avalanche breakdown region in the temperature range of 150 K to 300 K, indicating that the total MR effect mainly originates from the interface MR effect. Theoretical analysis shows that the bulk MR effect is a normal one due to the existence of the Lorentz force on the carriers, and the interface MR effect relates to the suppression of the local plasmas by applying magnetic fields, where the local plasm...


In the optical fiber delay directional detection laser warning system, the optical fiber delay lines are used to connect optical incept system with photoelectric conversion system,which plays roles of transmitting the laser,delaying the optical signals and encoding the optical signals simultaneously. Because the length of optical fiber delay lines is different, the laser pulse received by the optical windows will produce different time delay.Thus the transition of the laser azimuth information to the time information is realized.Because the length of optical fiber delay lines has direct effects on the volume of laser warning system, the optical loss, the false alarm ratio and the optical fiber delay lines are permuted and combined based on the property of the laser pulse and the optimization theory. The optimal design ways of the length of optical fiber delay lines coding are brought forward,and the correlation theory is used foranalysis and calculation. Arranging mode of full direction matrix is attained,and accordingly the relevantarranging principle is educed. According to the principal the permutation and combination are put up tothe optical fiber delay lines.Accordingly the optimization of the total length of the optical fiber delay linesis obtained in theory, which provides the important theoretical argument for the optimization design oflaser directional detection warning system.


Background Acute injuries in sports are still a problem and the knowledge of incidences and severity in different sports at a national level are limited. Objective The aim of this study was to identify high-risk sports with respect to incidence of injury and severity of injuries in 35 sports. Design A retrospective cohort study was set up based on a comprehensive database from an insurance company. Setting Almost 90% of all athletes in Sweden (in 57/70 sports federations), in all ages and at all competitive levels, have their accident insurance in the same insurance company. Participants All licensed athletes in 35 sports during 2009–2011. Main outcome measurements The incidence of sport injuries as well as severe injuries (medical disability) were calculated for licensed athletes at a national level. Comparisons between sports, gender, and ages were made. Risk ratio was calculated with median injury incidence as the norm. Results Each year approximately 12 000 injuries (in total 35 971 injuries during 2009–2011) and 1 170 000 licensed athletes were eligible for analysis. The incidence of injury was higher in team sport compared to individual sports. Individual sports with highest incidence were motorcycle/snowmobile, skating, and wrestling. Team sports with highest incidence were handball, ice hockey, and rugby. Sports with a large number of injuries were soccer, ice hockey, floor ball, and handball. Highest proportions of medical disabilities were in motorcycle and then in team sports, such as soccer, basket, handball, and floor ball. Risk ratio for motorcycle was 15 and handball 14. Conclusions Sports with numerous acute injuries, high incidence and more severe injuries must be the target for prevention actions. This study suggests that team sports and motorcycle should be the object. Next step is to identify injury types, anatomical locations and injury mechanisms to understand how to prevent these injuries.


Four Generations under One Roof by Lao She was published in 1951under the name of The Yellow Storm by Harcourt, Brace Co. However, its translation was a unique case in the history of translation. First, the author made omissions and dictated the new version to Ida Pruitt who could not read Chinese, though. The latter put to words what he had heard by using a typewriter. The publishing house made omission again before getting the book published. The success of its translation can be put down to both the artistic ability of Lao She himself, but also Ida Pruitt's perseverance and unique understanding.


0. Background As part of the second phase of the Tuning project, the subject groups reflected on good practices in teaching, learning and assessment, in particular how teaching, learning activities and assessment can be best organised in order to allow students to reach the intended learning outcomes of a course of study. Biggs (2002) describes this as the 'alignment' of teaching, learning activities, and assessment with the intended learning outcomes of a course of study. The subject groups discussed the various approaches which are used or could be used in different subject areas, and provided a structured pan-European disciplinary-based context where an exchange of knowledge about approaches currently used or potential, could take place and where new understanding could be achieved.


In the previous paper [X] we have generalized the results of [BD] to a dyadic local field with e = ord 2 = 2. In the present paper we generalize these results to an arbitrary dyadic local field, and we also point out that the bound for ord(dL) is the best possible. The results obtained are applied to improve the sufficient condition for the class number of an indefinite quadratic form over the ring of integers of a number field to be a divisor of the class number of the field, which is analogous to Satz 5 of [K]. Here we adopt the notations from [O] and [X]. In particular, F denotes a dyadic local field, θ the ring of integers in F , p the maximal ideal of θ, U the group of units in θ, e = ord 2 the ramification index of 2 in F , π a fixed prime element in F , D( , ) the quadratic defect function, ∆ a fixed unit of quadratic defect 4θ, V a regular quadratic space over F with associated symmetric bilinear form B(x, y), L a lattice on V , dL the determinant of L, O(V ) the group of rotations on V , O(L) the corresponding subgroup of units of L, and θ( , ) the spinor norm function. We use the symbol 〈a, b, c, . . .〉 for lattices, and [a, b, c, . . .] for spaces.


The next decade affords tremendous opportunity to achieve the goals of Galactic archaeology. That is, to reconstruct the evolutionary narrative of the Milky Way, based on the empirical data that describes its current morphological, dynamical, temporal and chemical structures. Here, we describe the path to achieving this goal.


Abstract Since historical maps are kept in digital format archives, they have not only the planimetric errors attributable to the cartographer but also those transferred during digitalising. This paper describes a methodology based on photogrammetric techniques and surveying applied to evaluate the accuracy of historical maps. The aim of the study is to take reference points on tracing paper from the original map and ground control points in order to use photogrammetric techniques to recover the metrics of the digitalised map. This ensures that the historical map in digital form has the same metric quality as the original map, since the errors arising from scanning are removed. This method is applied to 1775 map of the Real Sitio de Aranjuez (Spain), demonstrating that the application of photogrammetric techniques are useful tools for correction and analysis of historical maps. Consequently, photogrammetric techniques applied to the analysis of historical maps open up new perspectives for the study of the historical Cartography.


The present article provides a taxonomic analysis of bimodal logics of normative ideality and normative awfulness, two notions whose meaning is here explained in terms of the moral values pursued by a given community. Furthermore, the article addresses the traditional problem of a reduction among deontic concepts: we explore the possibility of defining other relevant normative notions, such as obligation, explicit permission and Hohfeldian relations, in terms of ideality and awfulness. Some proposals in this respect, which have been formulated in the literature over the years, are here improved and discussed with reference to the various logics that we will introduce.


The last decade has witnessed the prevalence of sensor and GPS technologies that produce a sheer volume of trajectory data representing the motion history of moving objects. Measuring similarity between trajectories is undoubtedly one of the most important tasks in trajectory data management since it serves as the foundation of many advanced analyses such as similarity search, clustering, and classication. In this light, tremendous eorts have been spent on this topic, which results in a large number of trajectory similarity measures. Generally, each individual work introducing a new distance measure has made specic


Abstract We investigated herbaceous richness and cover in relation to fire season and severity, and other variables, five growing seasons following prescribed fires. Data were collected from six stands consisting of three randomly applied treatments: no burn, spring burn, and fall burn. Fall burns had significantly more exotic/native annual/biennial (an/bi) species and greater cover of these species (6.5% exotic; 1.7% native) compared to spring and unburned areas. These patterns are likely related to indirect fire effects associated with fire severity and resource availability, rather than direct fire effects due to burn timing. CART models indicated that high native and exotic an/bi richness and cover were associated with overstory gaps and higher fire severity areas, conditions common to fall burns. Exotics may be more successful at exploiting these environments. No treatment differences were found for native perennials. Location was important for explaining native perennial patterns, but richness and cover were also positively associated with lower fire severity, greater tree cover, and coarse woody debris. Expectations for increased native perennial plant diversity and abundance following prescribed fires may not necessarily be met and exotic species spread may compromise other ecosystem attributes. Restoration in these forests presents a challenge as prescribed fires interact with present environmental conditions that are very different from historical ones.


ASTROPHYSICSExcruciatingly subtle vibrations in the solar surface coming from the sun's very core, reported online in Science this week ([www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/1140598][1]), hint that the core is rotating faster than the rest of the sun. ([Read more][2].)

 [1]: http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/1140598
 [2]: http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/316/5825/673


The "Embrace Your Neighborhood" program had as its objective to develop projects of prevention of violence in the schools and surrounding area, through the formation of workgroups composed by students, teachers, parents, employees and directors. This was a pilot program developed in 2004 in nine schools of Sao Paulo, including municipal, state and private schools of three neighborhoods. Our team consisted of psychoanalysts, psychologists, Revista da SPAGESP Sociedade de Psicoterapias Analiticas Grupais do Estado de Sao Paulo Jul.-Dez. 2009, Vol. 10, No. 2, pp. 41-48. LEVISKY, R. B. Projeto "Abrace Seu Bairro": prevencao da violencia no meio escolar e melhoria da qualidade de vida. 42 educators, sociologists, and artists. The theoretical framework was based in psychoanalytical concepts. The creation of such projects, and of related theatrical plays, made it possible for the students to transform potential aggressiveness into creative, constructive, and repairing expressions. In this way, we offered them the possibility to be the protagonists in the elaboration and execution of communitarian actions that raised their self-esteem and belief in their own capacities. The work shows the importance of learning to live in groups and for the group. We believe that the results of this experiment may be useful to think in the construction of public policies related to the areas of health, education, family, children and adolescents. The project contributed to improving self-esteem and with the development of citizenship.


Forest roads are essential to forest conservation. They can be good barriers against for forest fires if they properly maintained and they provide access for fire fighting equipment. It is necessary that sufficient forest road network and maintained roads in forest areas having firesensitive vegetation types. Otherwise it is impossible to fire fighting and there are so many hectares forest covers disappearing every year. In case of fire, temporary transport lines have been constructed by fire fighting teams on the roadless land surfaces. After fire, it must be decided on which of these lines can be transformed to permanent forest roads. Because of need for the transportation of forest products from burned area, there are required new roads. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of old and new road network conditions before and after forest fire in relation to forestry activities. The study area is located in the west of Turkey, approximately 23 km south of the city of !zmir. The road network in the area before the fire was checked at appropriate standards. Which temporary lines constructed during the fire can be made into a permanent forest roads has been identified. In this study, it has been proposed that current road network plans should be re-examined especially for fire sensitive forest areas, emergency road plans should be prepared and these plans should be keep up to date.


In the body, cells are surrounded and supported by an intricate network of glycoproteins and proteoglycans that make up a complex extracellular matrix, or ECM. Many constituents, such as collagen, laminin, and fibronectin, are locally produced within the tissues, where they act as physical scaffolds, growth factor depots, and points of anchorage [1]. The local rigidity and composition of the matrix also provide environmental cues that govern cell behavior.


(No paper) From the ice age to slackwater, the Columbia River continues to ebb and flow through our lives. This paper will explore the ebb and flow between natural and human ecosystems. The new science of chaos will be introduced as a means for further understanding these ecosystems and how it shapes our management of water policy in the Pacific Northwest. Just as natural ecosystems flow between order and chaos, our institutional management systems follow a similar governance structure. As examples of this ebb and flow, I will compare and link traditional and contemporary water management, historic policy issues with current issues, and natural systems management with human management. Through this comparison and linkage, I will provide another perspective on our sometimes chaotic management to slackwater.


Background: Background: Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an acquired autoimmune disorder characterized by accelerated platelet destruction and impaired platelet production. Eltrombopag has been widely used in ITP in clinical practice for over a decade, however, there is limited evidence on predictors of response and successful discontinuation. Aims: Aims: To ascertain the optimal initial dose for East Asian descent, and explore the clinical and biological markers for adequate response. Besides, to investigate the potential for successful discontinuation in ITP patients treated with eltrombopag in a real-world setting and its clinical predictors. Methods: Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 244 adult primary ITP patients. All patients were hospitalized at our institution between January 2016 and October 2020 and treated with eltrombopag. Patient and disease characteristics, clinical outcomes, and adverse events (AEs) during eltrombopag treatment, were investigated. Blood samples were also obtained at baseline to detect the number of lymphocytes and the expression of subsets and other autoantibodies. Patients achieved overall response were divided into three groups (R1: 30-49, R2: 50-99, R3: ≥100 × 10 ⁹ /L) according to platelet counts, which was used to analyze the potential predictors of response and successful discontinuation. Sustained response off-treatment (SRoT) was defined as platelet count ≥30 × 10 ⁹ /L for at least 1 month with no ITP medication. Results: Results: The initial daily dose was 25 mg for 20 patients (8.2%), 50 mg for 129 patients (52.9%), 75 mg for 95 patients (38.9%), respectively. The overall logistic analysis revealed that significant predictors of adequate p=0.0377), prior ITP therapies (OR=1.552, p=0.0103), less combination medication (OR=1.53, p=0.0328), lower maximum dose (OR= 6.637, p=0.0041), and more naive Treg/T cell (OR=3.79, p=0.0120). baseline megakaryocyte count correlated with less TTR (r=-0.191, p=0.022), while there was no significant correlation the megakaryocytes the rate p=0.894). A total 60 AEs was reported, which were of CTCAE grade 1 or 2 in No events were observed during hospitalization; no thrombotic events, stroke or myocardial infarction requiring intervention were reported during follow-up period.


Using the new normalized thermodynamic scalar curvature, we investigate the microstructures and phase transitions of black holes in massive gravity for horizons of various topologies. We find that the graviton mass enhances the repulsive interactions of small black holes and weakens the attractive interactions of large black holes, with possiblity of new repulsive regions for microstructures in phase space. In addition, the repulsive interactions of small black hole are strong for spherical topology, followed by flat and hyperbolic topology; while, the attractive interactions of large black hole are strong for hyperbolic topology, followed by flat and weakest for spherical topology.


The author argues that artists, artists' rights agencies and artists' estates often overstep the bounds of protection when policing the reproduction of images of artworks. He notes that artists or their representatives often use copyright as a means of censorship, denying authors the right to publish images of their art if they don't like the way it is going to be discussed. The author notes that this state of affairs may change as the Internet imposes pressures on copyright regimes.