In this paper, we address the task of appearance basedperson reidentification in infrared image sequences. Whilecommon approaches for appearance based person reidentificationin the visible spectrum acquire color histograms ofa person, this technique is not applicable in infrared for obviousreasons. To tackle the more difficult problem of personreidentification in infrared, we introduce an approachthat relies on local image features only and thus is completelyindependent of sensor specific features which mightbe available only in the visible spectrum. Our approachfits into an Implicit Shape Model (ISM) based person detectionand tracking strategy described in previous work.Local features collected during tracking are employed forperson reidentification while the generalizing appearancecodebook used for person detection serves as structuringelement to generate person signatures. By this, we gain anintegrated approach that allows for fast online model generation,a compact representation, and fast model matching.Since the model allows for a joined representation ofappearance and spatial information, no complex representationmodels like graph structures are needed. We evaluateour person reidentification approach on a subset of the CASIAinfrared dataset.


Melanesian Mission, founded by the Anglican Church in New Zealand to evangelise the peoples of Island Melanesia, was headquartered in the southwestern region of Norfolk Island from 1867 to 1920 (Figure 1). Students came to this small island – more than seventeen hundred kilometres from Sydney and over one thousand kilometres from Auckland – from various language groups in what are now the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu. This paper investigates the possible influence of the mission's lingua franca, Mota (an indigenous language from the Banks Islands in what is today Vanuatu), and any other Melanesian languages spoken at the mission on Norfolk Island's linguistic landscape. The social history and structure of the mission have been chronicled elsewhere, and the role of the languages spoken at the mission station and its language policy have previously been detailed. For these reasons, the focus here is on mission place-naming, specifically mission place names and house names gathered from documentary sources and collected during fieldwork on the island. The discussion extends previous research about the influence of the mission on Norfolk Island's cultural history. The Melanesian Mission's evangelical strategy can be considered 'extractionist' – 'to educate a small number of Melanesians away from their


This research presents a method to build an intelligent semantic education system based on two novel techniques namely ontology and semantic web mining. Ontologies are a powerful mechanism to solve a retrieval problem that is exacerbated rapidly within the modern educational systems, when there are individual differences between instructors and learners in the previous backgrounds and levels of knowledge. In intelligent education systems, four types of ontology are identified that represent knowledge: students, content, education, and structure. There is a promising approach for satisfying the intelligent education systems requirements, which is one of the most prominent semantic Web ideas, based on commonly shared meaning (ontology) and metadata processed automatically. This approach can be supported using semantic querying and conceptual navigation for learning materials.One of the important results of this paper is the depth of most of the inferences derived from learning ontologies. Relations such as "has_Part" and "is_Part_Of" and their interplay can be easy dealing by the users. Therefore, this type of thinking can be presented through an automatic mechanism, and semantic information is necessary for reasoning about an automatic occurrence.


Resource management is becoming increasingly important in the construction sector. In order to support the recycling of materials, it is necessary to determine the quantities in the building stock and those caused by construction activities. At present, a large number of different actors use different categories for construction materials and the raw materials they consist of as well as for waste categories, depending on their field of activity. This results in imprecisions that make it difficult to consistently track and influence mass flows and hinder targeted resource management. This is the starting point of this paper as it discusses possibilities to establish a consistent allocation of materials to context-typical groups following the approach of continuous material flow analysis. On the input-side, aspects of mineral planning and on the output-side aspects of waste and secondary raw material management are being considered and references to grey emissions are established along the entire process chain. In this way, cross-departmental planning relating to recycling management and climate protection will be supported. With regard to the object of consideration and the level of action, a distinction is made between two different spatial scale levels: on the one hand, the individual building level, where the material inventory approach is used to provide detailed information on the building's material composition, and on the other hand the regional level, for which more aggregated information on building material groups is provided in the form of material cadastres. Current results of a research project in Germany are presented.


This article examines aspects of the experience of the later medieval Scottish soldier, in particular courage, fear and the factors that shaped these responses. In many respects the story sketched fits into wider patterns of warriors' lives elsewhere in Latin Christendom. Similar influences served to encourage the soldier and the prospect of similar afflictions might spread fear. There are also particularities in the Scottish case. The Scots had especially acute problems to overcome, notably in comparison to their regular enemies, the English, in maintaining fortitude in armed forces that featured a relatively wide social spread, with attendant implications for protective equipment and rudimentary training for the occasional soldiers who usually made up the majority of the Scottish host. The circumstances of Scotland's wars with England, meanwhile, led to greater than usual dangers of captivity, injury and death, and a greater level of equality of risk across the social spectrum in Scottish armies. Full-s...


FOUR years ago a derivative of metheemoglobin was described by Bock' and named by himn ' photomethaemoglobin'. This substance, which has a red colour and characteristic spectrum, somewhat resembling that of haemoglobin, but with the dark band broader and less defined, is obtained by exposing very dilute solutions of metheemoglobin to bright daylight. Bock prepared it by the action of light on a solution of methaemoglobin crystals which had been purified by crystallisation. He also succeeded in crystallising it, and described fully its spectrophotometric properties. It is reducible to haemoglobin, though with difficulty, by reducing agents such as hyposulphite, aminonium sulphide, or bacteria, and its spectrum is the same in acid and alkaline solution. Having recently had occasion to prepare 'cyannmethaemoglobin' I was at once struck by its resemblance to photometbaemoglobinl, and after careful comparison of the spectra and behaviour to reducing agents of the two substances, could detect no difference between them. Cyanmethaemoglobin was discovered by Kobert2 in 1891. He was led to the discovery by an investigation of the nature of the patches of red colour which occur on the mucous membrane of the stomach and elsewhere in the bodies of persons who have died of hydrocyanic acid poisoning. He found that when hydrocyanic acid or a cyanide is added to methaemoglobin solution the latter becomes red, and gives a spectrum like that of reduced hasmoglobin. He showed also that this change of colour and spectrum is an exceedingly delicate test for hydrocyanic acid. Bock's photomethamoglobin was obtained from methaemoglobin prepared by the action of ferricyanide on oxyhaemoglobin; and it seemiied possible that, in spite of the care taken in repeatedly crystallising the


Objective To investigate the impact of chronic intermittent hypoxia on cardiac function in rats.Methods Twenty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups.The CIH group exposed in chronic intermittent hypoxia,and the NC group was handled with normoxic controls.After exposure 8 hours each day for 5 weeks,blood pressure was measured by tail cuff plethysmograph and left heart function was accessed by using echocardiographic and invasive cardiac catheterization.Results The weight gain was higher in NC than in CIH.Blood pressure was greater in CIH than in NC.The ratio of left ventricular(LV) weight to body weight was greater in CIH than that in NC.LV ejection fraction was lower in CIH than in NC.Mean arterial pressure was greater in CIH than in NC.Compared with NC,LV end-diastolic pressure was higher and maximal rates of LV pressure in systole and diastole were lower in CIH.There were no significant difference in heart rate between the two groups.Conclusion Chronic intermittent hypoxia may lead to LV myocardial dysfunction.


The supra law explanation of judicial interpretation will have its rationality on the premise of ensuring the safe operation of criminal law.The interpretation pattern in China is not interpretation by judge but by court,thus if the state allows the court to have the right of supra law explanation or legislation,security of operating the law can not be guaranteed,while the security of law is the of important value.Therefore,it is not rational to admit the supra law explanation of judicial interpretation at current stage in our country.


Preface Medicare Primer Medicare: Changes Made by the Reconciliation Act of 2010 to the Patient Protection & Affordable Care Act (P.L.111-148) Medicare Coverage of Clinical Preventive Services Health Insurance Coverage of People Aged 55 to 64: Implications for a Medicare Buy-In The Impact of Medicare Premiums on Social Security Beneficiaries The Effect of No Social Security COLA on Medicare Part B Premiums Medicare Hospital Readmissions: Issues & Policy Options Medicare: Financing the Part A Hospital Insurance Program Medicare's Hospice Benefit Medicare Durable Medical Equipment: The Competitive Bidding Program Index.


The inside cover displays multifunctional "adenovirus-magnet" nanoparticles possessing target-specific infection, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and gene expression capabilities. These hybrid nanoparticles, reported by Jin-Suck Suh, Jinwoo Cheon, and co-workers on p. 3109 in the Special Section on Bionanotechnology, selectively target the Coxsackievirus B adenovirus receptor (CAR)-positive cells and deliver the gene of enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP), while simultaneously being imaged by MRI. These hybrid nanoparticles can be regarded as new probes for in vivo MRI tracking of targeted viral gene delivery, which is essential for next-generation diagnostics and therapeutics.


Optimization method has been provided for optimizing output power of PV Farm under shaded. So far, many methods approaching the output power of PV Farm by tracking the Maximum Power Point (MPP) of PV farm using P-V curve. The previous methods having complex problem when multiple of MPP is exist in P-V curve when PV farm under partially shaded condition. To overcome these problems so in this paper offers a new method in order to optimize the power output of PV farm for normal and under shaded condition. The new method was named Derivative Cluster Area Methods (DCAM). The method works by doing a comprehensive approach in areas (wide) of the current and voltage characteristic on I vs V curve of PV Farm. In addition to a comprehensive approach in this research area is also combined with a mechanism based on the cluster corresponding voltage levels on each string of PV Farm at normal and under shaded condition. The area where that was obtained by integrating the functions of the current Characteristic curve I vs. V has a large equivalent to the maximum of the power generated by the PV Farm. So that the total area of the mechanism of some cluster is the total power generated by the PV power plant Farm Under normal conditions or under shaded. The conclusion from this study showed that the power generated in a PV farm was increased when compared to the conventional method.


Let G be a complex connected reductive group and let G be its Langlands dual. Let us choose a triangular decomposition n ⊕ h ⊕ n of the Lie algebra of G. Braverman, Finkelberg and Gaitsgory show that the set of all Mirkovic-Vilonen cycles in the affine Grassmannian G ( C((t)) ) /G ( C[[t]] ) is a crystal isomorphic to the crystal of the canonical basis of U(n). Starting from the string parameter of an element of the canonical basis, we give an explicit description of a dense subset of the associated MV cycle. As a corollary, we show that the varieties involved in Lusztig's algebraic-geometric parametrization of the canonical basis are closely related to MV cycles. In addition, we prove that the bijection between LS paths and MV cycles constructed by Gaussent and Littelmann is an isomorphism of crystals.


algorithm for motion estimation in video coding is optimal in Mean Absolute Difference (MAD) sense. However, it requires prohibitively large amount of computation. In this paper, we propose two fast block matching algorithms for motion estimation. Spatial Decimation is used to extract two different pattern features of the blocks in the block matching process of the proposed algorithms. They achieve both high computation reduction factors, 4 and 8 respectively. Simulation shows that the proposed algorithms achieve close-to-optimal MAD performance while the subjective quality of the predicted image is very close to that of using conventional exhaustive search algorithm.


. . 4 Using ePortfolio to Document and Deepen the Impact of HIPs on Learning Dispositions . . . 5 High-Impact Practices and Dispositional Learning . . . 8 A Closer Look at Dispositional Learning . . . 11 Using ePortfolio to Document Dispositional Learning Associated with


This Article presents an original exploration of the connections between the corporatization of mass immigration detention, the societal and political pressures for stricter immigration law and policy, and the political and societal subordination of immigrants. In short, the social and political subordination of immigrants, who embody the marginalized identities of criminal, non-citizen and person of color, feed the profit-seeking carceral machine. To illuminate this practice, the Article uses as a case study the increased detention of mothers and children immigrants, who migrated to the United States in record numbers in 2014. This intersection between corporate profit models — immigration law and policy — and critical legal studies has not yet been fully explored in the scholarly literature. Upon setting a foundation regarding the history and constitutional underpinnings of immigrant detention and presenting a snapshot of the current state of detention, the Article then focuses on the corporatization of incarceration and immigration detention. Further, the profiteering — immigration detention intersection is placed within the context of subordination theory. Finally, the Article concludes by providing paths to legislative, regulatory reform and to modes of advocacy to disrupt the entrenched intersectional foundation.


Stimulated emission at 6 K by optical excitation has been investigated in ZnSe epilayers. A detailed examination of the spectra below threshold indicates that the stimulated emission is due to inelastic exciton‐exciton scattering, in contrast with some recent reports that lasing is due to electron‐hole plasma luminescence modified by self‐absorption. A red shift of the lasing line at high pump intensities has also been modeled in terms of the exciton‐exciton and band filling mechanisms, giving excellent agreement with the data.


Waste that is not handled properly will have a negative impact on the quality of the environment in society. Organic waste is the main problem that is often faced by Indonesian people. Waste management using the bioconversion method with the help of Black soldier Fly (BSF) larvae and EM-4 bioactivators can reduce waste capacity and benefit the community. This study aims to compare the ability of bioconversion agents and the quality of various types of organic waste used for bioconversion. This study used a factorial randomized block design with 2 factors. The first factor was a bioconversion agent consisting of 3 levels, P0 (control), P1 (EM-4 activator) (15 ml), P2 (Black Soldier Fly) (5 gram/bio-pond). The second factor is the type of organic waste which consists of 3 levels, namely L1 (pineapple peel waste), L2 (orange peel waste) and L3 (bagasse). The results showed that BSF larvae have the potential as bioconversion agents and their ability to approach EM-4. In general, the application of bioconverting agents improves the quality of compost compared to that without the application of bioconverting agents. The application of a bioconversion agent combined with pineapple peel waste has a quality close to the standard of Minister of Agriculture No. 261 of 2019


A semiconductor device comprising a substrate layer (410) made of a semiconductor material of a first conductivity type having a first isolation region (411), and a vertical bipolar transistor having an in an opening of the first insulating region (411) arranged first vertical portion of a collector (420) of monocrystalline semiconductor material of a second conductivity type, a second insulating region (430) which rests in part on the first vertical portion of the collector (420) and partly on the first isolation region (411) and has an opening in the area of the collector, in which a second vertical portion (405) of the collector single-crystal material is arranged, which comprises an inner portion (406) of the second conductivity type, a base (407b) of monocrystalline semiconductor material of the first conductivity type, a base connection region (431), which in the lateral direction of the base (407b) surrounding a T-shaped emitter (460) from Halble itermaterial the second conductivity type which overlaps the base connection region (431), wherein the base connection region (431) apart from one towards the substrate adjacent seeding layer or to a base contact toward adjacent metallization layer consists of a semiconductor material (from the semiconductor material of the collector 420, 405), the base and the emitter (460) is different in its chemical composition and in comparison with this a higher mobility of ...


The Low Energy Proton Spectrometer (LEPS) on board the Air Force S3-2 polar orbiting satellite recorded, at polar latitudes, high anomalous counts coming from the auroral zone direction, over the December 1975 through April 1976 operational period. Despite the low sensitivity of the Si(Li) LEPS detector to X-rays, bremsstrahlung from precipitating electrons in the hundred keV energy range is given as the source of these observations.


IMCV (Indonesian Muslim Community in Victoria) was founded in 1997. Its existence and activities have been widely published in print and online media. However, these publications have yet to present IMCV as an organization that synergizes in counteracting radical Islamic ideology. The existence of IMCV is very strategic because its members are comprehensive and supported by several militant organizations, namely the young Indonesian generation in Australia, such as YIMSA (Young Islamic Muslim Students Association).
This article found evidence of the synergy of IMCV as an Islamic organization of Indonesians in the state of Victoria will describe the synergy of IMCV in winning over Islamic radical ideas.


Most of the previous research on special metabolites of the genus Veronica (family Plantaginaceae) includes phenols, glycosides, and flavonoids (Albach et al., 2005; Kwak et al., 2009; Beara et al., 2015). As a part of the CROVeS-PhyBA project, systematic research is being conducted on free volatile compounds (FVCs) (Dunkić et al., 2022). Isolation of FVCs can be done by classical (e.g. hydrodistillation), and green (e.g. microwave-assisted) extraction. The advantages of green extraction are that it requires less time and less water than classical extractions (Li et al., 2014). Regardless of the extraction methods, two layers are obtained: the lipophilic layer and the water layer (hydrosols). Most research has focused on the composition of the oil layer, which is often referred to as essential oil, while the hydrosols or aromatized waters have been unjustly neglected. Due to the content of high-quality components, hydrosols are increasingly explored and find their application in aromatherapy, cosmetic industry and food industry (Rajeswara Rao, 2013). The studied species of the genus Veronica are widely distributed and most of them are easy to cultivate, so they are a suitable material for further biological research and many of them are used in traditional medicine of Balkan people (Albach et al., 2009). In this work, the composition of hydrosols obtained from both extractions of the species V. acinifolia were compared. In addition, the compositions of the oil FVCs obtained from both extractions from the previous work (Dunkić et al., 2022) are also compared with hydrosol FVCs composition. This comparative study will increase the knowledge about specialized metabolites of Veronica species, which are important for further biological research.


In order to assess the aging characteristics of composite insulators based on the thermally stimulated current(TSC) test,the composite insulators in service were studied using the TSC test and the HC water spray hydrophobicity test.The influences of several aging factors on the shed materials of composite insulators in service such as shed locations,operating years and environment contamination levels were considered.It is found that the peak current of test samples and the corresponding trap charge amount of the TSC curve are larger under the following situation: samples from the location where the electric field of the insulator string is higher;and samples from the insulators with a longer operating life or working in seriously polluted areas.By comparative analysis of these two test methods for evaluating the aging degree of insulator sheds,it is found that the TSC test can distinguish the different aging degrees of the shed materials of composite insulators more clearly and has more advantages in aging characteristics evaluation.


The first search for diffractively produced Z bosons in the muon decay channel is presented, using a data set collected by the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron at {radical}s = 1.96 TeV between April and September 2003, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of approximately 110 pb{sup -1}. The first dN/d|t| distribution for proton-antiproton elastic scattering at this c.o.m. energy is also presented, using data collected by the D0 Forward Proton Detector between January and May 2002. The measured slope is reproduced by theoretical predictions.


We have cloned Xenopus orthologues of the Drosophila planar cell polarity (PCP) gene Prickle. Xenopus Prickle (XPk) is expressed in tissues at the dorsal midline during gastrulation and early neurulation. XPk is later expressed in a segmental pattern in the presomitic mesoderm and then in recently formed somites. XPk is also expressed in the tailbud, pronephric duct, retina, and the otic vesicle. The complex expression pattern of XPk suggests that PCP signaling is used in a diverse array of developmental processes in vertebrate embryos. q 2002 Published by Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd.


The paper briefly discusses the perception of velocity and prediction of motion as processes involved in the performance of fast-ball game skills. Two experiments utilizing a motion-prediction paradigm, in which the subject was allowed to view a moving tennis ball cross the display and disappear from view, are reported. The subject was required to estimate when the ball would reach a target set on the extended motion track. The experiments examined the effects of viewing distance, prediction distance, and stimulus velocity upon the accuracy and variability of performance. The first experiment found that both prediction distance and stimulus velocity were significant variables, their additive effects showing a linear relationship between prediction time and both constant and variable errors. The second experiment demonstrated that these linear relationships were replicable phenomena and that motion prediction became more accurate when subjects were given knowledge of results and allowed to practice the task.


This article focuses on analysing the present situation and main issues of flower industry in Zhejiang province based on the results of detailed investigation.According to the demands that the economics of flower industry will develop healthfully and orderly,some counter-measures have been given to solve these problems.


An in-situ NbTi-nanowire-NiTi composite wire fabricated by conventional metallurgical processing has the remarkable ability of remembering its previous stress/strain states where it was unloaded during multiple-step cyclic loading. In situ synchrotron x-ray diffraction studies revealed that an interactive stress between NbTi nanowires and NiTi matrix was introduced and retained after a load/unload cycle due to their strain mismatch. The different levels of interactive stress in different regions of the specimen resulted in a superelastic memory effect. Furthermore, the final loading curve could remember all previous loading histories, which may be of use in practical applications.


Purpose – Partnerships between the public and private sectors represent one of the strongest means to detect, deter, disrupt and deny terrorist and other criminal organizations illicit profits and material support required to fuel their evil acts. The purpose of this paper is to discuss and illustrate through case study, the importance of public and private sector partnership in combating terrorist financing and other financial crimes.Design/methodology/approach – Two case studies are presented demonstrating how the public and private sectors can collaboratively work to target how criminal organizations earn, move and store their illicit profits. Highlighted is US Immigration and Customs Enforcement's (ICE's) outreach and partnership program, Cornerstone. Through working partnerships with US financial, trade, manufacturing and transportation sectors, Cornerstone's goal is to eliminate systemic vulnerabilities that could be exploited by terrorist and other criminal organizations.Findings – ICE provides the...


Diels - Alder reactions of (-)-thebaine with N-substituted maleimides lead to cycloadducts with α-facial stereoselectivity The 3-O- and 6-O-demethyl derivatives as well as the products of complete and partial reduction of carbonyl groups of succinimide moiety were also obtained. Some of the synthesized compounds have proved to be promising analgesics. The introduction of bromine atom into the aryl moiety favors prolongation of the analgesic effect.


(57) Abstract: discloses compositions for capture oxygen. These compositions comprise a copolyamide containing polyolefin oligomer segments of polyamide segments and an active oxygen scavenging amount exceeds 50% by weight. Polyamide segments derived from typical polyamides, such as poly hexamethylene adipamide and polyphthalamide for bottling and packaging. These copolymers are preferably prepared by transesterification in a reactive extrusion, typically includes a polyolefin oligomer segments of about 0.5 to about 12 wt%. Copolyamides of the present invention is used in the laminated structure, giving a high active and passive oxygen barrier properties than polyester structure and similar polyamide structure similar. In a series of preferred embodiments, the multilayer bottle obtained by processing with an oxygen scavenging copolyamides of the present invention from about 99.8 weight percent are polyamides, are suitable for recycle with other polyamide bottles.


Spillage of gallstones during laparoscopic cholecystectomy occurs in up to 30% of cases but complications due to stone retention are less frequent. We report the first case of a hepatocolonic fistula as a consequence of a retained gallstone.


Cerebral aneurysms of the middle cerebral artery are a frequent cause of spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage. The surgical neck clipping-to prevent rebleeding-has traditionally been the treatment of choice. Currently depending on the morphology of the aneurysm sac, the ratio neck / dome and the absence of arterial branches that arise from the aneurysm sac, make possible the endovascular treatment of aneurysms using coils.This technique achieves complete exclusion of the aneurysm from the cerebral blood flow with a low rate of recanalization and complications. The goal of treatment is to exclude the aneurysm from the cerebral circulation preventing the rebleeding, reduce he risk of thromboembolic complications and reduce mortality in this patient s group. Through a clinical case is showed an endovascular treatment of a ruptured sacular middle cerebral artery bifurcation neurysm. In the Costa Rica s medical literature this is the firt reported case


Cross-shaped SiC fibers were prepared from precursor polymer.The diameter of fiber's circumcircle is about 34μm,the length and the width of vane are about 12μm and 8μm respectively.The complex permittivity and permeability of cross-shaped SiC fibers were measured by the coaxial line method at 2-18GHz.The e′,e″,μ′,μ″ and tanδ of cross-shaped SiC fibers/paraffin wax composites are 2.77-7.93,1.38-6.41,0.96-1.12,-0.05-0.08 and 0.49-0.81,respectively.Cross-shaped SiC fiber is a kind of dielectric loss materials.The reflection loss of the composites is below-10dB at 9.12-18GHz in the range of 2-18GHz,and the minimum value is-28.47dB at 12GHz.The bandwidth corresponding to the reflection loss below-10dB is 8.88GHz.


While exploration expenditure is reaching near-record highs, the Australian resources industry is failing to make the major discoveries the sector, and the national economy, relies on to fuel future growth.


The recent developments of research,technology and application in the field of biodegradable plastics are reviewed.The progress,properties and feature of various fully biodegradable plastics,such as natrual biodegradable polymers,poly(aliphatic carbonate),poly-β-hydroxybutyrate and its copolymers,polycaprolactone,poly(lactic acid),poly(butylene succinate) are introduced in detail,and the advantages and disadvantages,process methods,applications and developments of industrialization of each biodegradable plastics are also analyzed.


Zoonoses are those diseases and infections that are naturally transmitted between vertebrate animals and man. At present, approximately 175 diseases caused by virus, rickettsia, bacteria, protozoa and helminthes as well as some of arthropods and the number is continually increasing. Although zoonoses are generally recognized as significant health problems, the actual prevalence and incidence of zoonotic infections is difficult to determine. Medical services in a rural area are scarce and ill persons may have little chance to see a physician. Furthermore, a lack of physician awareness and of appropriate diagnostic support is made often misdiagnosis. In rural Korea, parasitic disease is still important subject in the field of zoonotic infections considering its number and morbidity. Recently there was conspicuous reduction of soil-transmitted parasitic diseases (i.e. ascariasis. hookworms, trichuriasis), but clonorchiasis. intestinal trematodiases and taeniasis are a considerable problem. This is often significantly related to human behavioral patterns based on socio-economic and cultural conditions and linked with the local biologic and physical environment. The most of all parasitic zoonoses to man and animals are the food-transmitted parasitic diseases, and domestic animals such as dog, cat, pig, as well as fat and some mammals, ruminants and birds are act as reservoir hosts. In the present topics, current problems of parasitic zoonoses caused by protozoan infections (i. e. toxoplasmosis, pneumocystosis and cryptosporidiosis) which are the most common opportunistic in AIDS or immunocompromised persons, trematode infections (i.e. clonorchiasis, paragonimiasis and some intestinal tremadodiases). cestode infections such as cysticercosis and sparganosis, and some nematode infections of anisakiasis, thelaziasis and strongyloidiasis, are discussed here those on the occurrence in man and animals and the source of transmission as well as prevention and control measures in Korea.


Tissue morphogenesis requires spatial control over actomyosin contractility to drive cell shape changes 1,2 . How developmental patterning controls cell mechanics is poorly understood. In Drosophila embryos, Myosin-II is enriched at the interface between anteroposterior neighboring cells, driving planar polarized cell intercalation and extension of the embryonic axis 3–5 . G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) signaling controls Myosin-II activation at junctions 6,7 and Toll receptors provide a spatial bias to this process 8,9 . How Toll receptors polarize actomyosin contractility remains unknown. Here we report that cells expressing different levels of a single Toll receptor, Toll-8, activate Myosin-II at their interface. This does not require the intracellular domain of Toll-8, suggesting signaling by a proxy mechanism. We found that Toll-8 forms a molecular complex with the adhesion GPCR Cirl/Latrophilin that is required for junctional Myosin-II activation. We further show that Myosin-II is also activated at the interfaces between wild-type and cirl deficient cells. Since Toll-8 differentially recruits Cirl in trans and in cis , we propose that Toll-8 activates Myosin-II by inducing Cirl asymmetric localization at the boundary of its expression domain. Finally, we found that Toll-8


Any established, organized religious body has an obvious and vital interest in maintaining close control over the manner in which its adherents practice and demonstrate their faith. In order to guard against divisive, distractive, and possibly even insubordinate heterodox tendencies, it must seek actively and alertly to manage and channel the spontaneous expression of folk piety, and to avert the rise of popular cults outside the instituted system or at odds somehow with


Purpose
This study aims to demonstrate how marketing analytics can be used to identify the challenges a B2B company faced in the conversion from a hard-copy print catalog to a digital ordering system. Specifically, an empirical research approach identified the potential issues the company was likely to face in the digitalization of the company's catalog.

Design/methodology/approach
Using the Qualtrics survey platform, a questionnaire was used to obtain a final sample of 332 customers (a 14.02% response rate) on a variety of issues related to the transition from the company's current printed catalog to a digital catalog ordering system. A variety of data analysis procedures were used to gain insight and highlight potential issues in the move to a digital format.

Findings
A variety of potential stumbling blocks were identified that suggest the company should move forward with caution. The data analysis was used to suggest areas that needed to be emphasized in the rollout of the new digital ordering system.

Research limitations/implications
Like all marketing research, this application is limited by the methods used and the data generated by this study. Its implications suggest the potential use of marketing research before an important change in a B2B company's marketing approach.

Practical implications
This paper provides an approach that can be used by firms considering a change to digitize key components of their marketing assets.

Originality/value
The research contributes to the B2B marketing literature by demonstrating how data-driven marketing analytics can be used to identify potential issues prior to the development of a new digital marketing approach used by B2B firms.


Clinical adoptive cellular immunotherapy of malignancy and viral infection should transfer T cells that expand in vivo on exposure to antigen and can enter the memory compartment to persist long-term. A number of factors, including cellular phenotype, influence the behavior of the infused line. Primate studies have shown that antigen-specific CD8+ T cell clones only persisted long-term in vivo if they were derived from central memory T cells, but not from effector memory T cells, reacquiring phenotypic and functional properties of memory T cells.1 Other studies have suggested that adoptive transfer of ex vivo-expanded effector memory T cells will have poor survival and clinical efficacy, reporting instead that less differentiated T cells with longer telomeres exhibit longer persistence. These data imply that prolonged ex vivo expansion, required, for example, for T cell cloning, adversely affects subsequent in vivo expansion and survival. However, our trials administering ex vivo-expanded, polyclonal EBV-specific T cell lines demonstrated that expanded effector memory T cells, infused into a lymphodepleted host, can expand massively in vivo, enter the memory compartment, and persist for up to seven years after infusion. Furthermore, in a study infusing trivirus-specific CTLs with effector memory phenotype, we saw expansion of CTLs specific for the latent viruses CMV and EBV. By contrast, adenoviral-specific CTL persisted only in patients who were acutely infected with the agent2 We recently compared non-specifically activated T cells (ATC) with EBV-specific CTLs derived from the same initial peripheral blood collection and expressing distinguishable chimeric GD2-specific chimeric antigen receptors (CARATC and CAR-CTL). In this study, ATCs were cultured for 14 to 21 days. Between 0.9% and 6.1% retained a central memory (CCR7+, CD62L+) phenotype, up to 30% had an effector memory phenotype (CCR7−, CD62L+), and the remainder had a terminally/fully differentiated effector phenotype. By contrast, EBV-CTL were cultured for 30 to 44 days and expressed no CCR7, but up to 50% were CD62L+, and contained cells that were terminally/fully differentiated effectors and effector memory cells. These EBV-CTLs also all had a CD45RO memory phenotype, while about 13% to 60% of ATCs expressed CD45RA, a marker of naive T cells. Despite these differences in memory subsets, it was the CAR-CTLs that had the clearly greater persistence and could be shown to retain functionality, while CAR-ATC rapidly disappeared from the circulation and could not be recovered. Hence, factors other than phenotype, such as antigenic stimulation and costimulation almost certainly influence cell fate after infusion, and determine whether or not effector memory cells can re-access the central memory pool. Ultimately, strategies that combine selection of optimal phenotype with the provision of antigen stimulation and co-stimulation and a cytokine milieu that favors homeostatic expansion will likely lead to the most effective outcomes following adoptive T cell transfer.


Objective: Consulting the correlative methods of Yunnan,we explore the appropriate methods for researching on Guizhou minority people. Methods: DNA extraction is adopted from bloods and multiplex amplification of D1D518 and D3S1358.The techniques of separating polyacrylam ide gel electrophoresis and silver staining are used. Results:Proper methods are needed to determine the gene research on Guizhou minority people.


ABSTRACT This research was conducted to determine the king versus lateral fruit thinning effects on yield and fruit quality of 'Elstar', 'Granny Smith', 'Starkrimson Delicious', 'Ultra Red', 'Topred', and 'Jonagold' apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) cultivars grafted on MM106 rootstock in 2002-2003. Removal of the king fruit (KFR) treatment partially increased the yield in 'Jonagold', 'Elstar', and 'Granny Smith' cultivars while the effects were different by years in "Starkrimson Delicious". Leaving of the king fruit (KFL) treatment gave better results in the 'Topred' cultivar, and similar effects were obtained from both treatments in 'Ultra Red' cultivar. Non-significant differences were obtained from both treatments with respect to fruit weight in the 'Topred', 'Starkrimson Delicious', 'Jonagold' and 'Granny Smith' cultivars. Leaving of the king fruit treatment increased the fruit weight significantly in 'Elstar' and 'Ultra Red' cultivars in 2002. The values of fruit flesh firmness (lb), total soluble solids content (%), pH, titratable acidity (%), total and invert sugar quantity (g/100 g−1) were not found to be significantly different between the treatments with a few exceptions. The 'KFR' treatment that removed the dominant effect of the king fruit can be recommended for the 'Elstar' and 'Jonagold' cultivars because this treatment increased the yield and did not decreased the fruit weight significantly in these cultivars except for 'Elstar' in 2002. On the other hand 'KFL' treatment can be recommended for the 'Granny Smith', Topred' and 'Ultra Red' cultivars. Although this treatment decreased the yield of 'Granny Smith' it increased the mean fruit weight 45.6-62.7 g in the two experiment years. 'Starkrimson Delicious' did not show clear response to the treatments.


During June 2006, a series of sonic boom flight tests were conducted as a part of the NASA low‐boom/no boom program. One objective was to evaluate structural acoustic building response on a house. This presentation gives some results of that test regarding the outdoor pressure response on and near the house. The passage of the sonic booms over a nearby wall and the house itself have been examined to determine the maximum pressure loading. Both conventional N‐waves and low‐amplitude N‐waves have been considered. The results indicate that the walls of the house facing the direction of the incoming sonic boom receive the maximum loading in agreement with image theory. The findings also confirm the temporal and spatial dependence of the structural loading. [The first author is supported by NASA and the FAA/NASA/Transport‐Canada PARTNER Center of Excellence.]


A highly efficient LiBr catalysed regioselective synthesis of vinyl sulfones from readily available terminal epoxides and sodium sulfinates in a one-pot procedure using water as a reaction medium is reported. The protocol is adorned with several attributes of green chemistry like recycling of the catalyst, atom-economy and an aqueous medium.


In the near future, the road traffic flow will consist of both human-driven vehicles (HDVs) and connected autonomous vehicles (CAVs). Since HDVs cannot communicate with CAVs and road side units (RSU), they are unobservable to CAVs if outside the range of sensing. In such case, the advantages of CAVs will be compromised and various high-level tasks in mixed autonomous traffic flow cannot be achieved. This study proposes a model to infer HDVs information using sensing data of CAVs. The rationale is that CAVs react to HDVs based on the car-following (CF) logic. Inversely, real-time locations of HDVs can be reconstructed using the data from CAVs. The Bayesian network is used to reflect the CF logic and develop a real-time vehicle location inference method for both single and multiple CAVs scenarios. Last, the method is tested using real-world dataset. Both time consumption and near-field estimation precision are validated.


Summary The position of an interchange quadrivalent at metaphase I of Allium triquetrum was modelled so as to simulate the original placement of the quadrivalent in the spindle and the preparation of linear spreads through squashing. In this way an expected distribution for the quadrivalent in linear spreads was generated. The procedure used polar views of metaphase I to which the quadrivalent was assigned pairs of positions normally occupied by bivalents. The positions of the bivalents and assigned quadrivalent were then projected into a linear array and analysed as 'real' data. Comparisons with observed distributions showed that a general bias in favour of marginal placement of the quadrivalent in the linear array is expected; and also showed that the quadrivalent is positioned non-randomly in the metaphase plate prior to slide preparation.


This application discloses a kind of steady-state target robust Optimal methods and device for model mismatch.This method initially sets up the transmission function mismatch model of the relationship between prediction error, control Delta and the mismatch gain for describing controlled variable, and then recognizes to the mismatch gain in mismatch model, to determine the range set of mismatch gain.Then, according to the range set of mismatch gain and the steady-state gain of Controlling model, the range set of Controlling model overall gain is determined, so that the range set based on overall gain, the optimal steady-state target of controller is determined using default optimizing algorithm.Compared with prior art, present invention the case where there are mismatches in view of object model and controller model when to optimal steady-state target optimizing, thus improve the stability and robustness of model predictive controller.


Rational design of sulfur host materials to synergize the retention and catalysis of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) is of great significance to accomplish the efficient sulfur electrochemistry for lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries....


The restoration of the Everglades has been called one of the most significant environmental projects ever undertaken. One of the key projects within the overall Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan (CERP) is the C-44 Reservoir/Stormwater Treatment Area Project. This project is designed to provide a means to reduce the impact of those rainfall/runoff events which affect the overall viability of the St. Lucie Estuary (SLE). The primary goal of the project is to change the timing and quality of the water discharging into the C-44 canal, resulting in improved water quality to the SLE through the use of over 3,000 acres of reservoir and 6,000 acres of stormwater treatment area cells (STA). The flow regime of the C-44 Canal must be understood so that the reservoir and STA cells can be designed effectively. This understanding is developed through the use of hydrologic, hydraulic models and water quality models. The hydrologic and hydraulic models which are the subject of this paper were used for the simulation of the operations of the C-44 Project, including the evaluation of C-44 Canal flows and water surface elevations, intake canal and pump station hydraulics, reservoir discharge and flow distribution, STA hydraulic performance, and ultimate system discharge. The primary models used included URS WaSh, MIKE 11, Advanced Interconnected Pond Routing Model (AdICPR) and EPA Stormwater Management Model (SWMM5).


This contribution investigates the use of a novel approach based upon optical fluorescence for monitoring the condition of transformer oils. It describes the use of Chromatic Processing for quantifying complex fluorescence spectra of degraded oil samples and the use of chromatic diagrams in a user-friendly form to provide an indication of the oil condition. Furthermore, it is shown how the approach can be deployed to give a preliminary indication of oil condition using a basic electronic camera instead of a spectrometer based system so providing a convenient and robust approach for onsite monitoring. Comparison of the results with assessments made with conventional methods such as Dissolved Gases, Colour Index etc. are presented to show the potential of the approach.


The present work aims to develop fundamental information for the fabrication of glass ceramic composite (GCC) from recycled soda lime silicate (SLS) glass integrated with high loading of filler which is spent bleach earth (SBE). The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of different heating rate and sintering temperature on physical properties, microstructure and mechanical properties of GCC at different SBE loading. The recycled SLS glass and SBE were prepared by sieving to particle size < 45 μm and removing the oil in SBE by sonification process, respectively. The particle size distribution for both powders was determined using Laser Particle Size Analyzer (LPA). The main elements of recycled SLS glass were silicon dioxide (SiO2), and calcium oxide (CaO), while the main elements of SBE were silicon dioxide (SiO2) and aluminium oxide (Al2O3) determined via X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) analysis. Glass transition temperature (Tg) of recycled SLS glass was observed around 514 oC. The compositions were selected based on high SBE loading which were SLS to SBE; 60:40, 55:45 and 45:55 wt. %. The type of sintering involved for 60:40 and 55: 45 wt. % of SLS to SBE was viscous flow sintering (VFS). Meanwhile for 45:55 wt. % of SLS to SBE, the sintering type involved was liquid phase sintering (LPS). The GCC was then formed using uniaxial dry pressing method with pressure at 2.5 tonnes for square mold and at 8 tonnes for rectangular mold. In the first part, the GCC sample was sintered at 700 oC with heating rate of 2, 4, 6, and 8 oC/min. Observation on crystalline phases showed that main crystalline phases appeared were quartz (SiO2) and wollastonite (CaSiO3). Increasing the heating rate did not give remarkable results of physical properties on green GCC. Microstructure observation revealed the presence of pores at minimal quantity. In this parameter, 2 oC/min was chosen as an optimum heating rate. In the second part, the GCC was sintered at different sintering temperature of 750 oC and 850 oC. The results showed distinctive differences in physical properties, phases, and microstructure. This indicates that the composite was strongly influence by the sintering temperature. Increasing the sintering temperature showed high percentage of shrinkage, low percentage of porosity, and water absorption. The main phases appeared were quartz (Si02), wollastonite (CaSi03), cristobalite (Si02), and carneigeite (NaAlSiO4). Crystalline phases showed high intensity and additional of new phases when the sintering temperature increased. Observation on microstructure disclosed more uniform and densified microstructure. An optimised green GCC of 45 wt. % SBE was successfully fabricated at sintering temperature of 850 oC and heating rate of 2 oC/min. The mechanical properties of hardness was 0.12 GPa and flexural strength of 9.50 MPa. A good prospect of addition some binder should be further explored on the fabrication of glass ceramic composite with high loading of SBE.


Small and Medium Sized enterprises (SMEs) play an important role in all economies. They stimulate growth, innovations, and competitiveness and create new jobs. SMEs are important for their focus on specific exporting and importing commodities specific services. In Europe, the SMEs are considered to have been contributing to the economic development and stabilization of the economy and as such, this sector has an important place in Europe 2020 Strategy. In the Czech Republic, SMEs' share on the absolute number of companies, on employment, on the added value and on the volume of foreign trade is vitally important and are comparable with other states of the European Union. SMEs are involved in all major areas of business. They are part of everyday business environment and a cornerstone of the economy. The article is focused on definition of SMEs, on aspects playing a major role in their process of internationalization, on their place and importance in the Czech economy including some examples.


Kinesio tape (KT) is a proprietary product that purports to offer a range of benefits in the treatment and prevention of various musculoskeletal conditions. Kinesio taping involves the application of elastic adhesive tape to areas of pain or dysfunction. Ithas a diversemechanisms of action including reduction of pain through stimulation of sensory afferents and increased range of motion (ROM) due to enhanced local circulation. Despite a recent increase in its public profile due to use of KT by athletes at major sporting events, the clinical benefits of the intervention remain unclear. The main objective of thisSystematic Appraisal (SA) is to review a clinical practice and level of effectiveness of KT application for lower limb musculoskeletal disorders. Electronic databases including Cinahl, Nora, Web of Science, Cochrane and Medline were searched for studies conducted since 2008. The studies were selected on the basis of the research questions and objectives. The list was narrowed down to six studies, of which five were randomised controlled trials and one was a cross-over research design. The studies used baseline data to determine the effectiveness of KT for lower limb musculoskeletal disorders. The results of two studies revealed that KT might be beneficial in rehabilitation for musculoskeletal disorders. The results indicate that KT proved to be a highly promising application for reducing pain when compared with sham and athletic tapes. In one study, while comparing KT with sensory motor training for proprioception, sensory motor training showed better results than KT, but KT was better at reducing pain on a short-term basis. The remaining two studies on ankle sprains reported that KT did not reduce swelling or improve functional performance. Kinesio tape may play a role in reducing short-term pain in lower extremity musculoskeletal disorders, however in future high quality studies that contribute to the evidence base for its use are needed with large


The incidence of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV‐1) and herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV‐2) in herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) was investigated using cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from sixty‐four cases of HSE. A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) employing primers flanking a region of the HSV thymidine kinase gene common to both HSV‐1 and HSV‐2 was used to detect HSV in the CSF. HSV‐1 and HSV‐2 were differentiated by digestion with restriction enzymes. Two enzymes were employed; AvaI which cleaved only the HSV‐2 gene product and AvaII which cleaved only the HSV‐1 gene product. Sixty‐three cases of HSE were found to be due to HSV‐1; one case due to HSV‐2. These data confirm previous observations that HSV‐2 is a rare cause of post‐neonatal herpes encephalitis but indicates that a PCR procedure capable of detection of both viruses is essential for efficient diagnosis of HSE. J. Med. Virol. 53:1–3, 1997. © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Twenty-one years ago, the SLAS journals* began publication amid a thunderstorm of change. Test tubes were relics of the past; microplates and high-throughput screening were the new things. From there, the pace of scientific advancement accelerated beyond our wildest dreams. Crazy ideas like single-cell imaging and 1536-well plates became practical realities, and as the art of life sciences evolved, our journals evolved with it, providing information, insight, and guidance to fuel a new generation of scientific success. Today our journals continue to serve as a vital resource for the SLAS life sciences discovery and technology community. To more accurately reflect the true nature of what SLAS represents and what our journals publish, it became obvious that their names needed to change. With this, I welcome you to SLAS Discovery—a new name with a new tagline (Advancing Life Sciences R&D) for the journal that scientists around the world trust and rely on to keep connected to the cutting edge of quantitative biology. Its unique editorial aims and scope remain the same:


The recent progress in the QCD theory of diffractive DIS (DDIS) is reviewed. We place emphasis on pQCD scales, diffractive factorization breaking, jet and charm production and new fundamental observables which are becoming accessible with the Leading Proton Spectrometers (LPS) of ZEUS and H1.


This article analyzed the motivational dimensions of tourists in Hong Kong. The study identified eight motivational dimensions of food consumption of Chinese tourists and Western tourists. The study revealed both groups of tourists shared similar motives, such as service and assurance,
 food and knowledge, authentic and culture, interpersonal and price, and familiarity and eating habit. However, the Chinese and Western tourists have different emphasis on food consumption in terms of value, variety, prestige, and ambience. The differences can be associated to cultural factor.
 Findings are useful to decision makers and marketers in promoting Hong Kong as a leading food tourism destination.


A model in wireless communication systems which is called energy harvesting makes it possible for batteries of terminals being recharged by environmental energy resources. This model could be applied in wireless power transfer where the resources are electromagnetic radiation. Recently, an arising scenario where simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) are performed is currently becoming challenging and attractive. Although SWIPT is able to extend the life-span of wireless terminals as a feasible alternative to traditional energy harvesting methods, there still exists some issues due to the characteristics of radio frequency such as the power efficiency of the whole system and some worries about the security. In this report, an introduction of SWIPT Relaying systems will be provided in which the power efficiency and the security will be focused mainly. To ensure a power-efficient and secure system, a system mode will be proposed then. Aiming at this mode, there is a problem formulation. And this non-convex problem could be converted into a convex optimization problem by SDP relaxation so that it can be figured out quickly and efficiently. In the end, simulation results are presented as well as the performance.


Although  the  church has  long practiced ministry with  children,  this  field of ministerial practice is taking new and exciting shapes in the 21st century. Because of the expanding  and  substantial  body  of  literature  produced  in  this  discipline  over  the  last several decades, we have assembled an annotated bibliography intended to give scholars, practitioners, and church members an overview of the more significant printed work that addresses Christian perspectives on ministry with children.


Annealing in O2 at temperatures above 650° C is required for a thin ferroelectric capacitor. Reduction of the leakage current and an increase of capacitance can be attained in the charge storage capacitor through this annealing. A stacked structure capacitor cell must be practically employed in metal oxide semiconductor large scale integrated circuits (MOSLSI). In this capacitor cell with a conventional Pt/TiN/poly-Si lower electrode, however, O2 annealing can not be attained at high temperature because peeling of the TiN barrier layer and the formation of a thin oxide layer at the surface of poly-Si occur. An noncrystalline TaSiN layer has been studied with respect to the barrier effect for oxygen diffusion used in the barrier layer of the lower electrode. The penetration depth of oxygen diffusion decreases markedly with increasing Si composition in a TaSiN layer and reaches 20 nm deep in a Ta.22Si.35N.43 layer. However, the resistivity increases with this increase. A good diffusion barrier layer with low sheet resistance is attained in a Ta.50Si.16N.34 layer. Penetration depth below 40 nm is obtained in a slightly Si-rich Ta.36Si.27N.37 layer for O2 annealing at 850° C.


This paper describes the influence of water content in natural sediments on in-situ EDXRF measurement. Based on the coherent and incoherent scattered X-ray intensities of the primary X-ray emitted from the excited source on sediments, a new correction method has been proposed, which can effectively overcome the influence of water content on the characteristic X-rays of target elements. Tests on powder soil samples from a copper mineral prospecting area show that the intensity changes of the characteristic X-rays from iron (10.9%), copper (300mg/kg) and zinc (124mg/kg) are less than 5% when the changes of water content in the sample are about 20%.


Today, increasing the level of financial literacy of the population is one of the issues of global importance. Economic experts of a number of international financial organizations are conducting research in various directions on various methodological approaches to assessing the level of financial literacy of the population. These studies focus on evaluating the ability of households, families and individuals to manage their financial resources and their effective decisions by assessing the level of financial literacy of the population. In addition, the impact of the level of financial literacy of the population on the standard of living of the population is also evaluated. In this case, the monetary characteristics of households, families or individuals are formed through monetary indicators.


Promoter (phosphate)-enhanced crystallization of MCM-41 has been studied by multinuclear solid-state NMR spectroscopy with use of 13C, 29Si, and 31P as probe nuclei. The structure building Q4 units, in addition to the silanol nests built by the Q2 and Q3, are identified and quantified through 29Si MAS NMR. A measure of the relative amount of the silanol nests, present over the T-sites formed, was determined from the ratio (Q2 + Q3)/Q4 and is found to be smaller in the mesoporous material prepared by the phosphate promoter assisted synthesis. Signal evolution for the Q3 and Q4 resonances in 1H−29Si CP dynamics experiments shows that cross-polarization buildup rates (TIS-1) are unchanged for the end material prepared with phosphate promoter. 13C signal evolution in 1H−13C CP dynamics experiments for the surfactant cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTABr), used as a template, is markedly different when it is confined within the mesopores of MCM-41. An enhanced mobility for the surfactant molecule is inferred ...


The present chapter depicts the analysis and findings of the study based on primary data. In accordance with the methodology set as outlined in chapter 1, the primary data for the present study has been collected with two structured questionnaires at the village and household level respectively. Based on the data collected, a relational data base has been developed and the data has been subjected to different types of statistical and econometric analysis. The results based on these analyses are presented in this chapter.


VALASEK PETR, MULLER MIROSLAV. 2016. Possibilities of Adhesives Filling With Micro-particle Fillers – Lap-shear Tensile Strength. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, 64(1): 195–201. An adhesive bonding can be ranged among technologies of materials bonding which are used in all industrial branches. It plays its important role also in an area of the construction of agricultural machines, e.g. tractors, harvestors etc. Utility properties of adhesives can be extended by using various types of fi llers. These fi llers increase some mechanical characteristics of adhesives and not last they can decrease resultant price. The paper focuses on a possibility to fi ll the adhesives showing increased lap-shear tensile strength. These adhesives are used e.g. for adhesive bonding of coach bodies in an automotive industry so that is why it is possible to apply them also in the agricultural area. Laboratory experiments describe the lap-shear tensile strength of rigid adherents which were bonded with adhesives with a variable concentration of micro-particle fi ller – a glass powder. T-test used for a comparison of the shear strength of the bonds created with the adhesives with 5 vol.% of the glass powder did not evidence a statistically signifi cant diff erence comparing with the unfi lled adhesives. This priece of knowledge opens a possible way of a material usage of the glass powder in the area of the adhesive bonding.


In multi-person pose estimation, the left/right joint type discrimination is always a hard problem because of the similar appearance. Traditionally, we solve this problem by stacking multiple refinement modules to increase network's receptive fields and capture more global context, which can also increase a great amount of computation. In this paper, we propose a Multi-level Network (MLN) that learns to aggregate features from lower-level (left/right information), upper-level (localization information), joint-limb level (complementary information) and global-level (context) information for discrimination of joint type. Through feature reuse and its intra-relation, MLN can attain comparable performance to other conventional methods while runtime speed retains at 42 FPS.


The incidences of all primary neoplasms in the testes and accessory reproductive organs of 51,230 male Fischer 344 (F344) rats and 46,752 male B6C3F1 mice were obtained from the pathology data base of more than 300 long-term toxicity/carcinogenicity studies performed for the National Toxicology Program. The overall incidence of reproductive system neoplasms in male F344 rats was 81.5%. The most common neoplasms were interstitial cell adenoma of the testis (76.6%), adenoma/carcinoma of the preputial glands (2.9%), mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis (1.5%), and adenoma of the prostate gland (0.3%). The combined incidence (0.1%) of 59 other rare neoplasms consisted of 18 different types that occurred with a frequency of 4 or less. In contrast to the rats, male B6C3F1 mice had a low overall incidence (0.6%) of neoplasms in reproductive organs. The most common neoplasm was the interstitial cell adenoma (0.4%). Thirty additional types of neoplasms were identified. Each of these uncommon neoplasms occurred at a frequency of 12 or less with an overall combined incidence of 0.2%. Morphological features are described for neoplasms in the rat and mouse, and criteria are presented for differentiation of testicular interstitial cell adenoma, prostatic adenoma, and mesothelioma from hyperplastic changes. ImagesFIGURE 1.FIGURE 2.FIGURE 3.FIGURE 4.FIGURE 5.FIGURE 6.FIGURE 7.FIGURE 8.FIGURE 9.FIGURE 10.FIGURE 11.FIGURE 12.FIGURE 13.FIGURE 14.FIGURE 15.FIGURE 16.FIGURE 17.FIGURE 18.FIGURE 19.FIGURE 20.FIGURE 21.


Titanium dioxide TiO2 has been extensively studied for its electric, magnetic, catalytic, and electrochemical properties. In recent years there has emerged significant interest in the synthesis of TiO2 thin films for environmental photocatalysis and water-splitting photocatalysis. 1-3 Several growth techniques have been used to synthesize TiO2 thin films, including sputtering, pulsed laser deposition, sprayed coating, hydrothermal synthesis, metallorganic chemical vapor deposition, plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition, and atomic layer deposition ALD, etc. Among these techniques, ALD has received great attention due to its excellent uniformity, accurate thickness control, low deposition temperature, and almost 100% step coverage. 4-8 ALD is based on sequential surface reaction steps, during which gaseous precursors are alternatively introduced into the chamber. Between the precursor pulses, the reactor is purged with an inert gas to remove the extra reactants, leaving only a saturated chemisorption layer. The film growth is therefore self-limited by the amount of reactants adsorbed on the surface. The self-limiting nature of the sequences makes the deposited film highly conformal and the film thickness digitally controllable. TiO2 films with high specific surface area have been obtained by depositing a thin TiO2 layer on high-aspect-ratio holes, porous substrates, and nanoparticles. 7,8


Metabotropic glutamate receptor 2 (mGlu 2 ) is a known target for treating several central nervous system (CNS) disorders. To develop a viable PET ligand for mGlu 2 , we identified new candidates 5a – 5i as potent negative allosteric modulators (NAMs) of mGlu 2 . Among these candidates, 4-(2-fluoro-4-methoxyphenyl)-5-((1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)methoxy)picolinamide with [ 11 C]CH 3 I. In vitro autoradiography with [ 11 C] 5i showed heterogeneous radioactive accumulation in the brain tissue sections, ranked in the order: cortex > striatum > hippocampus > cerebellum ≫ thalamus > pons. PET study of [ 11 C] 5i indicated in vivo specific binding of mGlu 2 in the rat brain. Based on the [ 11 C] 5i scaffold, further optimization for new candidates is underway to identify a more suitable ligand for imaging mGlu 2 . for imaging mGlu in the brain.


Many universities are applying computers to English literature, but find it difficult to integrate the machine into actual teaching. The difficulties of using hypertext in critical reading arc outl...


Abstract This paper of Golgi studies describes abnormal dendritic structure and development assessed by camera lucida representation, quantitation of dendritic spines, and dendritic branch measurement in metabolic and chromosomal diseases with mental retardation, reviewing the literatures of Golgi study.


: In plants, there are several thousands of different types of proteins with different functions that must be correctly located to a specific subcellular compartment. The conventional vacuolar sorting route is already well described and research teams are now more interested in understanding mechanisms behind how unconventional sorting routes work. Our laboratory has been studying the plant-specific insert (PSI), a domain shown to be both sufficient and necessary for correct vacuolar sorting, for a long time. Even though different PSI domains (PSI A and PSI B) present high similarity, they mediate different routes: PSI A has Golgi bypass ability, directly delivering proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum to the vacuole; while PSI B mediates a conventional ER–Golgi–vacuole pathway. The main goal of this study was to identify intermediate players in PSI sorting processes. We purified both PSIs and several endomembrane reporters involved in specific events of protein transport and tested their interactions through pulldown assays. Furthermore, purified PSIs were also used as bait for co-immunoprecipitation in tobacco and Arabidopsis extracts. The data obtained will set the basis for a broader objective aimed at mapping the PSI network of interactions, which will help the characterization of unconventional trafficking.


The cases of four capitals, Budapest, Zagreb, Tbilisi and Belgrade presented in this paper help to understand the challenges faced by cities in the post-communist part of Europe. Budapest in Hungary and Zagreb in Croatia are cities in member states of the European Union (EU). Belgrade is the capital of Serbia, a candidate country for membership in the EU and Tbilisi in Georgia is a city in a Eastern Partnership Agreement (EaP). All cities are capitals and not only is their recent history similar, but their early development also shows similarities due to their geographical settings, forming gates between East and West and being melting pots of cultures, religions, and traditions. All inherited a strong vertical hierarchy of political and economic structures and experienced multiple transitions since 1990. The transition from planned to market economy, from one party politics to democratic elections prompted important changes that affected these capital cities. The FDI inflow strongly influenced their economic development after the transition. While their population is becoming older, large cities also started to shrink for several reasons. The fertility rate is falling below the replacement level and instead of people moving from rural areas to the cities, citizens started migrating in the opposite direction. In addition, the urban poor are not able to maintain expensive city housing. The first chapter gives an overview of the four countries' governance systems and economic development levels. The following sections introduce the four capital cities. Each section follows the same structure, the introduction and history section is followed by the demographic data, then the economic power of the city, its position and relations within the public administration system, the public finances of the country, and of the capital, and finally a discussion of land use issues. Data collection was challenging in many cases. Some cities did not disclose laws or budget information, or only partially disclosed. Some provided all data but merged with abundant non-relevant information and in a format, that makes it impossible to research.


Nearly three decades have passed since the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. At the time, the scholarly community was keen on joining Fukuyama in his belief in the "end of history" that was supposed to propel Russia away from the ideological "otherness" of the Soviet legal thought towards European liberal democratic values. The new spirit of optimism of 1991 had created a deceptive euphoria: Russia's dark legacies of Communism and authoritarian rule were seen merely as a bump on the road. Yet, the dream of united Europe from Lisbon to Vladivostok had failed to materialize.


The improvement of railway services in Malaysia demand clarification on the use of railway land
as to ensure the greater compliance with law and maximum utilization of land. This paper will focus on the land reserved for railway purposes which is governed under the Federal Constitution 1957 and its utilization in the case of development in the land. It needs to be highlighted as to differentiate its application with other reserved land contained in National Land Code (Act 56 of 1965). As to provide clarification, this paper aims to look into the authorities who have the power to deal with railway reserve lands and its limitation as to the use of the land, and the power of the State Authority in controlling this
reserve lands. The problem would arise if the use of railway reserved land contravenes the purpose for which it was reserved and the power of the State Authority in approving any development in railway reserved land. Based on laws and practices, it is very important to have specific guidelines to regulate the application of railway reserved land and its relationship with the power of state authority to ensure the purpose of the reservation is ultimately complied with.


Background

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is potentially a curative treatment for a number of life-threatening malignant and non-malignant disorders. Despite significant improvements in outcome over time, long-term survivors are at risk for late complications and their mortality remains higher than expected. Second cancers are well-known late complications, associated with substantial mortality. Although we know the incidence and risk factors for many second cancers there is a paucity of data on their outcome after HSCT. We aimed to estimate the outcome of second cancers after HSCT using a large cohort of patients from the EBMT registry, and to compare their survival to similar cancers from a general population.

Method

This retrospective observational study was based on the mandatory minimum data set centers report to the EBMT. We identified all patients with second cancers (excluding malignant hematopoietic and lymphoid neoplasms; non-melanoma skin cancers) treated with HSCT in Europe (including Turkey and Israel), between 1977-2015. Primary diagnoses were acute leukemia (23%), chronic leukemia (9%), lymphoma (34%), plasma cell disorders (23%), solid tumors (4%), myelodysplastic syndromes and myeloproliferative neoplasms (6%) and acquired marrow failure syndromes (1%). For the different types of solid tumors, median and overallsurvival werecalculated (from time of diagnosis of the second cancer). Results were analyzed separately for patients treated with autologous and allogeneic HSCT (table 1). For six prevalent second cancers (breast, lung, melanoma, oropharyngeal, colorectal, prostate; table 2), the age-standardized 5-year overall survival (according to the International Cancer Survival Standard; ICSS) of HSCT patients with second cancer diagnosed since the year 2000 was compared to cancer patients from a general population (EUROCARE, European Cancer Registry, period 2000-2007).

Results

From the EBMT registry 4152 second cancers out of 220617 (1.88%) HSCT patients were extracted: 1450 (1.79%) out of 80784 patients after allogeneic, and 2702 (1.93%) out of 139833 patients after autologous HSCT. The median age of the patients at HSCT and at diagnosis of second cancer was 53 years (range 1.2-86) and 59 years (3.2-88), respectively. For allogeneic HSCT is was 46 years (1.2-73) and 54 years (3.2-77), for autologous HSCT, 56 years (1.7-86) and 62 years (4.5-88), respectively. The median follow-up time since transplantation of all patients was 121 months (range 5-409); it was 146 months (12-409) for allogeneic, and 114 months (5-354) for autologous HSCT. The median follow-up time since diagnosis of second cancer was 35 months (range 0-240); it was 38 months (0-240) for allogeneic, and 33 months (0-228) for autologous HSCT.

The distribution and survival outcomes of second cancers are shown on table 1. Overall survival following diagnosis of second cancers depends mostly on the type of cancer. No relevant differences in median survival and 5-year overall survival were seen between patients treated with autologous or allogeneic HSCT (table 1). For second breast, lung and prostate cancers no difference in 5-year overall survival wasobserved,compared to cancer patients from a general population (table 2). Melanoma and colorectal cancers had worse, and oropharyngeal cancer better overall survival, compared to the EUROCARE control group.

Conclusion

This large population-based analysis on second cancers among HSCT survivors showed that the outcome for patients developing a second cancer after HSCT is mainly dependent on the type of cancer. It seems that for a number of second cancer overall survival is comparable to cancer patients from a general population. A systematic comparison is now required for all post HSCT second cancers.

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Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

 [1]: pending:yes


Laser-induced ripples or uniform arrays of continuous near sub-wavelength or discontinuous deep sub-wavelength structures are formed on single-crystalline silicon (Si) by femtosecond (fs) laser direct writing technique. Laser irradiation was performed on Si wafers at normal incidence in air and by immersing them in dimethyl sulfoxide using linearly polarized Ti:sapphire fs laser pulses of ∼110 fs pulse duration and ∼800 nm wavelength. Morphology studies of laser written surfaces reveal that sub-wavelength features are oriented perpendicular to laser polarization, while their morphology and spatial periodicity depend on the surrounding dielectric medium. The formation mechanism of the sub-wavelength features is explained by interference of incident laser with surface plasmon polaritons. This work proves the feasibility of fs laser direct writing technique for the fabrication of sub-wavelength features, which could help in fabrication of advanced electro-optic devices.


The utility model provides a gear shifting device comprising a gear shifting rod, a shell body and a base. The shell body is fixed on the base. A gear shifting control zone is formed by the shell body and the base. A gear shifting groove capable of guiding and limiting the gear shifting rod is arranged at the top of the shell body. The gear shifting rod penetrates through the gear shifting groove and is connected in the gear shifting control zone. The gear shifting rod is capable of controlling the gear shifting device to shift gears by moving. A gear shifting contact part is formed on the position, capable of being contacted with the groove wall of the gear shifting groove, of the lateral side of the gear shifting rod. The gear shifting device further comprises a gear shifting cushion pad. The gear shifting cushion pad is arranged on the groove wall of the gear shifting groove and /or the gear shifting contact part. The gear shifting device is capable of reducing noise in a gear shifting process and being comfortable in operation.


A mathematical model of optimum design was founded based on the principles and models of cellular ant algorithm with the least shell quality of horizontal internal pressure vessels as design object and with the inner diameters and wall thicknesses of the horizontal internal pressure vessels as the mathematical model of optimum design of variable, the universal programs for the optimum design of the horizontal internal pressure vessels were compiled based on the cellular ant algorithm, and a sample of optimum design and calculated results were given.


Abstract : This report is an edited version of notes prepared in connection with a series of lectures on Composite Materials for Aircraft Structures that was given at the Aeronautical Research Laboratories during November 1981. The aim of the lectures was to provide a broad introduction to virtually all aspects of the technology of composite materials for aircraft structural applications. Topics covered included: the basic theory of fibre reinforcement; material characteristics of the commonly used fibre, resin, and composite systems; component form and manufacture; structural mechanics of composite laminates; joining composites; environmental effects, durability and damage tolerance; NDI procedures; repair procedures; aircraft applications; airworthiness considerations.


of mortification of flesh and will in this phase of Catholicism, and some may still see the handiwork of patriarchy in the imposition of clausura on those women who attempted to create lay forms of religious life that would act upon the life of the community at large. Diefendorf has nonetheless given dignity and plausibility to the religious practices of her subjects, and has solidly supported her contention that "The Catholic revival was the product of a vast collaboration between clerics and lay people, women and men." (p. 246)


Half-pipe snowboard has comparative advantage in Chinese snow sports events.It's an event which combines extreme skateboarding speciality with snowboarding,is evaluated by the difficulty and quality of snowboarders' performing a string of 5-8 flight motions under rules with a snowboard tool in half-pipe field.Reasonable motions programming will decide the competitive success or failure.The paper indicates that Chinese snowboarders are some different away from the world top-ranking players in understand and control of technical difficulty.It thinks the technical key of improving their competitive motions is to enhance their sliding speed,flight height and technical difficulty.


This project addresses the current problems of less sensitive temperature control in the barn, high humidity in the middle of the barn caused by manual stacking of grains, and spraying of insecticide covering only the surface of grains in the barn. After passing a certain oxygen concentration of gas through the deaerator by computer control, and with the grain condition inside the barn collected by big data analysis, the appropriate proportion of insecticide is calculated, mixed evenly and then passed into the interior of the barn by rotating jets to achieve the purpose of gas replacement and uniform filling of insecticide inside the device. By studying the heat absorption and discharge of phase change of solid phase change material, Seebeck effect measured the change of temperature difference between inside and outside to cope with the change of environment temperature. Finally, we design a new computer-controlled constant temperature barn with a high degree of automation and long grain preservation time.


We continue the study of Hubert spaces, whose elements are entire functions, and which have these three properties: (HI) Whenever Fiz) is in the Hubert space and has a nonreal zero w, the function F{z)iz — w)/(z — w) is in the Hubert space and has the same norm as Fiz). (H2) For each nonreal number w, the linear functional defined on the Hubert space by £(z)—>£(w) is continuous. (H3) Whenever £(z) is in the Hubert space, the function £*(z) = Fiz) is in the Hilbert space and has the same norm as Fiz). If £(z) is an entire function such that


Sorghum feed is a type of cereal plant that has potential use as animal feed or forage. The reseach aim was to evaluate production and nutritional quality of some sorghum hybrid varieties, and determined the optimal spacing of sorghum plants. This research was arranged in a factorial randomized block design with 6 treatments and four replications. The first factor was the varieties of 12FS9006, 13FB7001 and 12S49001. The second factor was space of 25x25cm and 25x40 cm. The variables were fresh and dry matter of biomass production and also nutrient (ash, crude fiber, crude protein, Neutral Detergen Fiber and Acid Detergen Fiber. Sorghum varieties had significant effect (p<0.05) to fresh biomass production, dry matter biomass production, ash, crude ϐiber and crude protein). The space had a significant effect (p<0.05) to the dry matter production of biomass and crude fiber. The average variety of fresh biomass plant production was (18.90 tons ha-1), dry matter production of biomass was (4 ton ha-1), ash (5.51%), crude ϐiber (30.90%) and crude protein (8.45%). The average dry matter production was 4.34 tons ha-1 and crude ϐiber 29.96%. It can be concluded that the highest production and the best nutrient quality of sorghum hybrid was obtained at the sorghum variety of 12S49001, the distance of 25x25cm was the best plant space for hybrid sorghum production


introduction: Hypersexual disorder is a clinical diagnosis characterised by an excessive sexual desire, together with a pathological inability to control it. It is estimated that this clinical diagnosis could affect about 6% of the total population, al26 àgorA de sAlut. Vol. iV. issn: 2443-9827. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.6035/AgorAsAlut.2017.4.3 pp. 25-33 though this figure varies according to the instrument used for its diagnosis. One of the most important problems when accurately estimating its prevalence is related to the use of non-validated assessment instruments. In order to overcome this limitation, the preliminary results of the Spanish translation of the Hypersexuality Inventory (IH) are presented herein. method: For this purpose, 600 young adults (300 males and 300 females) aged 18-27 years old completed a translated and adapted version of the IH, together with other instruments to assess sexual compulsivity. results: By a factor analysis, we found that the IH comprised three subscales that explained 55.5% of variance. This factorial structure was confirmed through confirmatory factor analyses (X2 = 239.4; G.L. = 145; X2/G.L. = 1.65; rmseA = .03 [90%CI = .02 .04]). Reliability for the total score and subscales ranged between .79 and .91. The correlations between the IH and related measures were positive and significant (r between .74 and .71). Conclusion: This results support the employment of the IH to assess hypersexuality among Spanish young adults and its superiority to other traditional measures to assess its clinical diagnosis. keywords: Hypersexuality Inventory; Translation; Validation; Young adults


The U.S. Department of Defense's (DoD's) Language Training Center Program leverages the expertise and infrastructure of institutions of higher education to train DoD personnel in language, culture, and regional area studies. Evaluating the program in its eighth year, RAND researchers found that it is fulfilling its mandate and identified ways to strengthen it.


We consider the problem of sensor localization in a wireless network in a multipath environment, where time and angle of arrival information are available at each sensor. We propose a distributed algorithm based on belief propagation, which allows sensors to cooperatively self-localize with respect to one single anchor in a multihop network. Simulations show that although the network is loopy, the proposed algorithm converges with good accuracy, and achieves significant improvement compared with the pairwise localization.


The conventional nickel-yttrium stabilized zirconia (Ni-YSZ) cathode in solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) suffers from oxidation after exposed to steam during electrolysis for hydrogen production. The Ni-chromium (Cr)-iron (Fe) alloys with various compositions are introduced to improve cathode oxidation resistance. This study aims to study the effect of alloy contents and determine suitable fabrication method for SOEC cathode. The alloy containing cathode should satisfy both high electrochemical performance and low degradation rate. The content of Fe and Cr are varied in the range of 0-20%wt when the weight ratio of metal to YSZ is maintained constantly at 60:40. The SOEC having Ni-Cr-Fe alloy cathode are fabricated. The oxidation resistances are studied using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The electrochemical performance is carried out using current/potential characteristic curve and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The operating temperature is controlled between 650-900 ?C with the feed containing steam to hydrogen ratio of 70:30. Electrolyte-supported 55Ni5Cr-YSZ/YSZ/Pt shows the highest current density of -1.09 A/cm2 at 1.8 V, 800 ?C, compared to the other NiCr alloy compositions. For NiFe cathode in the electrolyte-supported cell, the sample cracked due to the thermal expansion after sintering at 1,100 ?C for 2 hrs. The sintered cathode supporting layer of various alloys loading were fragile and brittle. The wash-coating and impregnating technique was introduced as an alternative method to fabricate the alloy containing cathode. The Ni alloys impregnated improved the durability of SOEC while lowering the performance. The highest current density of conventional Ni-YSZ/ YSZ/ BSCF and alloy-impregnated Ni-YSZ/ YSZ/ BSCF was -0.50 and -0.26 A/cm2, respectively. For wash-coated electrode, the dense grains were formed which was not suitable for the hydrogen electrode due to lacking of three phase boundary.


1. Summary The theory of linear estimation, when groups of variables have unequal variances was devoloped in Ghosh (1961). Usual least square estimates were shown to possess an optimum property and methods were given for obtaining confidence intervals for linear functions of parameters. Simplified procedures for obtaining such confidence intervals will be considered here and applied to the case of randomised block experiments.


Background: Kaempferol (KP) has a variety of biological effects such as anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-aging and cardiovascular protection. Whether KP has a therapeutic effect on non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and the detailed mechanism is currently unclear. This study aims to explore the mechanism of KP in the treatment of NASH through in vivo and in vitro experiments. Methods: 1) In vivo experiment: In the C57BL/6 NASH mice model induced by high fat diet (HFD), KP was administered by gavage at a dose of 20 mg/kg/day. 2) In vitro experiment: Palmitic acid/Oleic acid (PA/OA, 0.375/0.75 mM) was used to intervene HepG2 and AML12 cells to establish a steatosis cell model. Three concentrations of KP, low (20 μmol/L), medium (40 μmol/L) and high (60 μmol/L) were used in vitro. The mRNA and protein expression of related molecules involved in LXRα-LPCAT3-ERS pathway were detected using RT-qPCR and Western blot. Results: In the NASH mouse model, KP can significantly reduce the expression of LXRα, LPCAT3 and ERS-related factors PERK, eIF2α, ATF6, ATF4, XBP1, CHOP, IRE1α and GRP78. In the PA/OA-induced cell model, KP could decrease the content of triglyceride and lipid droplets, and also decrease the expression of LXR α, LPCAT3 and ERS related factors PERK, eIF2α, ATF6, ATF4, XBP1, CHOP, IRE1α and GRP78. Conclusion: KP may decrease the expression level of LXRα and LPCAT3, thus improve ERS and reduce hepatic steatosis and inflammation.


Complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology scaling used for miniaturizing the critical dimensions of semiconductor devices. The enhancement of operating frequency and functionality is done by the cramming of increasing number of transistors onto the integrated circuits. Large number of transistors and higher operating frequency responsible for the increase of power consumption of integrated circuits. Excessive power consumption is a primary hindrance to the advancement of CMOS integrated circuits.


An hydrodynamic code coupled with a "PUFF-type" equation of state has been set up to investigate the thermomechanical behaviour of an aluminium alloy irradiated by a 1 MeV electron beam. The absorbed flux can reach 3500 J/cm2 with an exponential damping along 1 mm dep;th. A weaker flux .is produced with 1 MeV protons whose the stopping range is 10 pm for a 8000 J/g dose. Thermal stresses generated into a material irradiated by an intense 0 1 MeV particle beam, can be easily studied in the range '0 300 kb. Measurements are achieved either by piezoelectric and piezoresistive gauges (e. g. quartz, manganin, carbon) or by laser Doppler interferometry. Theoretical interpretation of thermomechanical phenomena requires the use of a monodimensional hydrodynamic code connected with an equation of state. We essentially make use of Newton law in lagrangian coordinates and "PUFF-type" equation: is a temporal variation, AX the areal mass of a sample slice, AIJ the temporal variation of particle velocity U, AP the spatial variation of pressure P, E the mass energy, D the specific mass, f(U) the compression and release func@ion of the cold material (see figure I), G ( E ) the Griineisen parameter (see figure 2). In the two following sections, examples of computations are given for an aluminium alloy target irradiated by the electron or the proton beam drifted from the generator "SIDONIX". Article published online by EDP Sciences and available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jphyscol:1988729


Methysergide (Meth) is a non selective 5-HT antrtgonist which stimulates feeding in rats. 5-HT has been suggested to induce satiety. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a 36 amino-acid peptide sbucturally related to pancreatic polypeptide, and one of the most abundant neuropeptide in the brain.

5-HT fibres project to the hypothalamus particularly the paravenmcular(PVN) and arcuatc (ARC) nuclei, sites of NPY action and synthesis respectively.

This study set out to examine the effect of acute and chronic adminisnation of methysergide on hypothalamic NPY. Male Wistar rats were used. In the acute experiment, rats were injected with either saline (0.9% n=8) or methysergide(l0mgkg n=8) and killed after four hours.

In the chronic experiment, rats were implanted with mini-osmotic pumps filled with either saline (n=8) or methysergide (lOmg/kg/day n=8). Rats were killed after seven days.

Food intake was greater in the methysergide treated rats after four hours compared with the saline treated rats p<0.01).

NPY levels were significantly increased in the PVN and ARC in the methysergide treated rats (PVN 61± 3.2 vs 47± 3 fmoUug protein p<O.OI. ARC 49± 4.2 vs 27± 3.2 pcO.01).

In the chronically mated rats food intake was raised by 13% over seven days (p<O.01).

Again NPY levels were significantly increased in the methysergide treated rats (PVN 66± 6.2 vs 47± 3.1 fmo/ug protein p=O.Ol. ARC 38.5	± 3 vs 27.4± 3.2 p=0.02).

These results suggest that methysergide induced feeding is associated with changesin NPYergic activity in critical hypothalamic areas.


This paper presents a new methodology to calculate unblocked reliability of a road network. Unblocked reliability analysis is used to assess the operation performance of a road network at peak hour in order to support the decision-making involved in road network planning. A four-level model of road network unblocked reliability (link, path, Origin-destination pair and whole network) is shown to assess the operation performance of each level of the road network. A method of sensitivity analysis is provided to determine the priority of the road section in the planning scheme. However, the most difficult task in unblocked reliability analysis is how to find a route choice pattern, namely, which routes are selected and how proportions of Origin-destination flows are loaded on these used routes between every Origin-destination pair. In order to resolve this problem, a new traffic assignment method is proposed in this paper based on the Frank-Wolf algorithm. This algorithm not only can find the link flows but can also solve the route choice pattern, which satisfy the User Equilibrium criterion. The proposed methodology is applied to solve the goal of traffic demand control and the necessary road capacity when a road network is improved to the expected operation performance. The proposed methodology provides a useful tool to assess the operation performance of a road network at several levels of road capacity and traffic demand, and can be used to evaluate various road network planning and to design a reliable road network system.


SUMMARY— The effect of several variables on the extraction of sunflower seed protein has been investigated. Solubility studies on the meal show that globulin is the main protein component. Albumin, nonprotein nitrogen and insoluble nitrogen are very low. Glutelin comprises about 17% of the total nitrogen. 15 min and a meal to solvent ratio of 1:10 (w/v) were found to extract a maximum amount of protein at pH 7.0. The optimum temperature of extraction is 45°C, although over a temperature range of 26-6°C the extraction remains essentially constant. More protein was extracted by 1.0 M NaCl and 0.75 M CaCl2 at various pH's than by the higher or the lower concentrations of these salts. Results with several other salts show that concentration as well as pH is very important. Reducing agents do not appear to have any marked effect on the extractability of protein.