Observations have been made on 10-5, 27*5, 33*5 cm. male foetuses and a 36-0 cm. female foetus. Dissection of the latter confirms, in general, Ray's work on the neonatus but some additional observations on the anatomy of the deer are made. The external form of the foetuses reveals that sensory vibrissae on the head appear some time in the 3rd or 4th month of gestation and that generalized hair growth starts at about the 6th month. It is noted that the testes reach the scrotum in the 5th or 6th month and observations are made on the dentition. Radiographs of the whole male foetuses and of the hemisected head of the female foetus show that ossification of the skeleton proceeds in a way similar to that of the sheep, and that the 10-5 cm. deer corresponds to an 8 cm. or 48-day-old sheep, that the 27-5 cm. foetus corresponds to an 18 cm. or 73-day-old sheep, whereas the 33-5 and 36 cm. foetuses correspond to sheep 20 and 21 cm. long and 80 and 92 days old. It appears that at corresponding stages of development, the deer is ahead in the ossification of its axial skeleton, but less advanced in the ossification of its limbs. The changes which occur in the mitotic activity ofthe submandibular gland of the rabbit when the gland of the opposite side is removed have been studied quantitatively using the colchicine technique. The mitotic rate in the submandibular gland of the rabbit is normally very low. In animals colchicined for 8 hr. an average of twenty-five mitoses in 50,000-150,000 cells occurred. In glands from the operated animals there was a 5- to 20-fold increase in mitotic activity, commencing on the 3rd day after operation, reaching a maximum between the 4th and 7th days and declining rapidly thereafter. In a minority of experiments no increase in mitotic activity was found. The age of the animal may be the factor responsible for this variability. In the pedicle the gland concerned. two neither findings nor hypothesis that a small degree of compensatory hypertrophy may occur in the rabbit submandibular gland, a a concavity, the development of which is compared with that of the internal spiral sulcus of mammals. The perilymphatic system exhibits a posterior diverticulum lodged in a tunnel formed by a groove in the limbus which is spanned by a tapering extension of the basilar membrane. this portion of the basilar membrane is narrower more the anatomical arrangement in geckos may be such to permit some degree of pitch discrimination. An identical type of limbic lip and perilymphatic diverticulum occurs in the superficially very dissimilar Pygopodidae, a family of snake-like lizards found in Australia, but in no other lizards examined. The phylogenetic implications of this observation are discussed. modification of the the heart plays a major role in distending the vein and in one sequence this reflux appears to begin during ventricular systole. Movements of the vein can be seen with the pericardium intact or after opening it, and the pulsations are almost as large after ligation of the vein at the level of the arch of the aorta. The region pulsating usually extends somewhat beyond the pericardial attachment. Histological preparations show that there is cardiac muscle surrounding the region of the vein that shows active contraction. The expenses were a from the to The dendrites of a number of cells from the visual and motor cortices of the cat have been studied by measuring the lengths, diameters and directions of all their branches in thick sections stained by the Golgi-Cox technique. The numbers of branches at increasing distances from the perikarya were found and the numbers of dendrites intersecting a unit area at the same distances calculated. The branching pattern differs in the motor and visual areas. The density of intersections falls off exponentially with increasing distance, but less rapidly in the motor cortex than in the visual. In the motor cortex the branches are fewer and longer. units appears and parameters of law to calculated. Gram-negative, but sometimes became Gram-positive if the sections were left in formaldehyde-saline for about 12 hr. before staining. All other fixatives tried gave negative results. Staphylococci were Gram-positive by all methods of fixation. Various histochemical and cytological techniques have been applied to the submandibular and parotid glands of rabbit, rat, cat, guinea-pig and mouse and the sublingual glands of rabbit, rat, and cat. Gomori's naphthol AS-acetate and az-naphthol methods and Seligman's ,8-naphthol method were used to investigate the presence of simple esterases. In many cases striking results were obtained which showed high esterase activity in the cytoplasm of the duct cells, whilst the secretary acini gave only a faint positive reaction or were quite negative. The reaction was in some cases diffuse, whilst in others it took the form of discrete granules, often confined to either the distal or basal cytoplasm. In some glands the interlobular gave a much stronger reaction than the intralobular duct cells. The nuclei of the duct cells gave a fairly strong positive reaction for acid phosphatase in most cases, whilst the cytoplasm gave a weaker diffuse reaction. No alkaline phosphatase activity was discovered, though in two cases the duct contents gave a positive reaction. Very little lipase activity was demonstrated. The PAS test for polysaccharides gave a positive result around the edges and in the Golgi region of some duct cells. In the few glands examined, the duct cells contained large amounts of both mitochondrial and Golgi material. Our results sustantiate the view expressed as far back as 1866 by Pfluger, that the ducts are not merely passive conducting tubes but that they are metabolically very active and may indeed possess secretary or absorptive functions. respiratory mechanisms and that differentiation begins, in the sense that adult functions can be demonstrated. It is claimed that the results of other investigators show that there is a similar association of events in the formation of cutaneous epithelium. On the basis of this similarity the significance of glycogen in cellular differentiation was discussed. The acoustico-facialis complex of ganglia in a lamprey is shown to be formed partly from the ear placode itself, and partly from the neural crest. The neuromast ganglia of the head, which constitute a part of the complex and which lie outside the ear capsule, originate from the cranial part of the ear placode. The somatic sensory and visceral sensory parts of the intra-capsular ganglionic mass form from the neural crest. The more caudal part of the intra-capsular mass, which innervates the ear and is the acoustic ganglion, is derived from the ventral part of the ear placode. The regions of the ear vesicle which give origin to ganglion cells remain thicker than the rest of the wall of the vesicle and form the macula acoustic communis. The ear placode does not contribute to the glossopharyngeal ganglion. of full-thickness, fitted autografts and homografts of ear skin by repeated 4 % bromophenol blue. intact coloured following skin grafts coloured. Two specimens of bilateral complete hare-lip with cleft palate in full-term foetuses, one sectioned serially and the other dissected, were compared with normal sectioned and dissected material. Graphic reconstructions showed the presence of premaxillae with sockets for the incisor teeth and subvomerine processes, but no palatal or facial processes. The arterial supply of the median tubercle was derived from the left facial artery by an arching trunk which crossed the nasal bone to reach the mid-line and then traversed the columna and philtrum. The nerve supply was from the infraorbital nerves by large trunks which passed on to the alae of the nose and then through the columna to reach the tubercle. The incisor teeth had a copious blood supply, but no nerve supply. Anterior superior dental nerves traversed the maxilla, but emerged from its facial surface and joined the infraorbital trunks. Study of the specimens leads to the conclusion that the distribution of sensory nerves cannot be used safely for determination of embryonic sources of adult tissues. were strongly positive, those of the crypts less so. The positive reaction consisted in each case of a diffuse red background (regions of low activity) and a bright blue granular reaction (regions of high activity). Both these reactions were distributed uniformly through the cell. Succinic dehydrogenase can be demonstrated in tissues by incubating fresh frozen sections in a substrate containing succinate, phosphate buffer and neotetrazolium. The positive reaction is dark blue and sites of lower activity show as pink or red. This reaction is widespread in tissues and is found to be particularly active in kidney, heart, muscle, liver and brain. The injection of cortisone into intact animals causes an increased intensity in this reaction in all four tissues but adrenalectomy causes a substantial decrease. Injection of cortisone into adrenalectomized animals returned the reaction to near normal in liver, heart and brain; injection of desoxycorticosterone returned the reaction almost to normal in the kidney. Injection of both hormones returned the reaction in all tissues almost to normal. Injections of testosterone into adrenalectomized animals had no effect, and oestrone either had no effect or depressed the reaction. It was noteworthy that in normal and adrenalectomized animals the injection of cortisone caused a disappearance of the succinic dehydrogenase reaction from the intercalated discs of heart muscle. it has been considered, by certain authors, to pass between these cells. It is at present debatable whether some of the fat is absorbed in an unhydrolysed state. By using histochemical techniques, studies have been made on the small intestine of rats after feeding with triolein. These observations demonstrate that neutral fat can be seen passing b


The invention relates to a linear peristaltic pump fingers comprising a membrane placed between the pumping fingers (250) and the manifold, and a membrane and fingers for such pompe.Conformement to the invention, means are provided for maintain the portion of the membrane on which the support fingers (250), part called track (212) in permanent contact with the end fingers (250) during the duration of the pumping cycle, even in the absence of tubing . Thus, it is possible to choose a stronger material for the part called caterpillar. This material will be stiffer than the rubber usually used, but thanks to the holding contact means (220, 260), the track will not remain in abutment against the tubing, but will instead be raised by the finger (250). Thus, we can choose a more resistant material that will not wear. The accuracy of the pump will guarantee longer and avoid tedious and expensive membrane changes in time and personnel.


We study analytically the Boltzmann - Volterra linear constitutive equation for isotropic non-aging viscoelastic media in order to elucidate its capabilities to provide a qualitative simulation of rheological phenomena related to different types of evolution of triaxial strain state and of the lateral contraction ratio (the Poisson ratio) observed in uni-axial tests of viscoelastic materials under tension or compression at constant stress rate. In particular, we consider such effects as increasing, decreasing or non-monotone dependences of lateral strain and Poisson's ratio on time, sign changes and negativity of Poisson's ratio (auxeticity effect) and its stabilization at large times. The viscoelasticity equation implies that the hydrostatic and deviatoric parts of stress and strain tensors don't depend on each other. It is governed by two material functions of a positive real argument (that is shear and bulk creep compliances).

Assuming both creep compliances are arbitrary positive, differentiable, increasing and convex up functions on time semi-axis, we analyze general expressions for the Poisson ratio and strain triaxiality ratio (which is equal to volumetric strain divided by deviatoric strain) generated by the viscoelasticity relation under uni-axial tension or compression. We investigate qualitative properties and peculiarities of their evolution in time and their dependences on material functions characteristics. We obtain the universal accurate two-sided bound for the Poisson ratio range and criteria for the Poisson ratio increase or decrease and for extrema existence. We derive necessary and sufficient restrictions on shear and bulk creep compliances providing sign changes of the Poisson ratio and negative values of Poisson's ratio on some interval of time. The properties of the Poisson ratio under tension at constant stress rates found in the study we compare to properties the Poisson ratio evolution under constant stress (in virtual creep tests) and illustrate them using popular classical and fractal models with shear and bulk creep functions each one controlled by three parameters.

The analysis carried out let us to conclude that the linear viscoelasticity theory (supplied with common creep functions which are non-exotic from any point of view) is able to simulate qualitatively the main effects associated with different types of the Poisson ratio evolution under tension or compression at constant stress rate except for dependence of Poisson's ratio on stress rate. It is proved that the linear theory can reproduce increasing, decreasing or non-monotone and convex up or down dependences of lateral strain and Poisson's ratio on time and it can provide existence of minimum, maximum or inflection points and sign changes from minus to plus and vice versa and asymptotic stabilization at large times.


The ♂, nymph and larva of Ixodes (I.) motltoyanus Cooley are described and illustrated. This specieswas previously recorded from 5 ♀ specimens from Monserrate municipality, Bogota, Colombia. Three of the present collections are from Departmento del Cauca, Colombia, on Pudu sp. and a fourth from Estado Merida, Venezuela, on Mazama sp.


Federal Fiscal Constitution and Intergovernmental Relationships: Introduction Federal fiscal constitutions Intergovernmental relationships. Fiscal Policy-making: Fiscal policy-making in Canada Fiscal policy-making in Germany Contrasted cases: Canada and Germany Fiscal policy-making in Belgium Fiscal policy-making in Switzerland. Conclusions: How constraining is federalism in fiscal policy-making?. Appendix: Fiscal policies from the 1970s to the 1990s. (Part contents).


Seminal plasma (SP) proteins have been assessed in relation to reproductive fertility levels or infertility, in several species of mammals, particularly domestic animals. Horse seminal plasma proteins 1 (HSP-1) and 2 (HSP-2) are the most abundant proteins in equine seminal plasma. The aim of this study was to investigate in adult stallions the concentrations of seminal plasma HSP-1/2 and total protein in the breeding season and non-breeding season and to determine if these concentrations were related with fertility. Seminal plasma was obtained from 42 ejaculates of 11 adult stallions (3–25 yrs). Stallions were allocated into two groups (good and poor fertility) according to pregnancy rates of mares, and to their semen viability data in the first collection day. Seminal plasma HSP-1/2 concentrations (mg/mL) were measured and analyzed by an Ultra High Performance Liquid Cromatography using a UHPLC column. There were significant differences (P<0.05) in total protein and HSP1/2 concentration (mg/mL, mean±SD) in the ejaculates from good and poor fertility stallions. The HSP1/2 concentration did not show differences in the first and second ejaculates of good fertility stallions in both the non-breeding and breeding season. Seminal plasma of stallions classified as poor fertility showed significant difference (P<0.05) in HSP-1/2 concentration between the first and second ejaculate in both the non-breeding and breeding season. In conclusion, the concentration of the major proteins of stallion seminal plasma HSP1/2 was higher in ejaculates from stallions with poor fertility, is not influenced by the season and could serve as biomarker for poor fertility in stallions.


We describe how the use of a hierarchy of lexical categories instead of a simple set of categories leads to the definition of a flexible and precise language for the description of dependency structures. After specifying the formalism we use to decorate these structures, we present an application aiming to detect and correct errors in a written text. We outline how the use of the hierarchy improves the manipulation of unknown words.


The utility model discloses a space symmetry type high pressure nanosecond pulse source based on marx circuit, including trigger element, load resistance, ground plate, power, a N marx circuit, a N first switch, a N second switch and a N third switch, the power source and the source phase of trigger element are connected, and the output of trigger element is connected through the input of an i first switch with an i marx circuit, and the power end of an i marx circuit is connected with the source phase through an i second switch, and the output of an i marx circuit is connected through the one end of an i third switch with load resistance, and load resistance's the other end is connected with the ground plate, trigger circuit's output is the same with path length between the input of each marx circuit, and the output of each marx circuit is the same to the path length between the load resistance. The utility model discloses can realize multichannel pulse signal's synchronous stack, the control of being convenient for simultaneously, the flexibility is better to do benefit to the modularization extension.


Android mobile apps have played important roles in our daily life and work. To meet new requirements from users, the mobile apps encounter frequent updates, which involves in a large quantity of code commits. Previous studies proposed to apply Just-in-Time (JIT) defect prediction for mobile apps to timely identify whether new code commits can introduce defects into apps, aiming to assure the quality of mobile apps. In general, the number of defective commit instances is much fewer than that of clean ones, in other words, the defect data is class imbalanced. In this work, we propose a novel Imbalanced Deep Learning model, called IDL, to conduct JIT defect prediction task for Android mobile apps. More specifically, we introduce a state-of-the-art cost-sensitive cross-entropy loss function into the deep neural network to learn the high-level feature representation, in which the loss function alleviates the class imbalance issue by taking the prior probability of the two types of classes into account. We conduct experiments on a benchmark defect data consisting of 12 Android mobile apps. The results of rigorous experiments show that our proposed IDL model performs significantly better than 23 comparative imbalanced learning methods in terms of Matthews correlation coefficient performance indicator.


The use of marine cabled video observatories with multiparametric environmental data collection capability is becoming relevant for ecological monitoring strategies. Their ecosystem surveying can be enforced in real time, remotely, and continuously, over consecutive days, seasons, and even years. Unfortunately, as most observatories perform such monitoring with fixed cameras, the ecological value of their data is limited to a narrow field of view, possibly not representative of the local habitat heterogeneity. Docked mobile robotic platforms could be used to extend data collection to larger, and hence more ecologically representative areas. Among the various state-of-the-art underwater robotic platforms available, benthic crawlers are excellent candidates to perform ecological monitoring tasks in combination with cabled observatories. Although they are normally used in the deep sea, their high positioning stability, low acoustic signature, and low energetic consumption, especially during stationary phases, make them suitable for coastal operations. In this paper, we present the integration of a benthic crawler into a coastal cabled observatory (OBSEA) to extend its monitoring radius and collect more ecologically representative data. The extension of the monitoring radius was obtained by remotely operating the crawler to enforce back-and-forth drives along specific transects while recording videos with the onboard cameras. The ecological relevance of the monitoring-radius extension was demonstrated by performing a visual census of the species observed with the crawler's cameras in comparison to the observatory's fixed cameras, revealing non-negligible differences. Additionally, the videos recorded from the crawler's cameras during the transects were used to demonstrate an automated photo-mosaic of the seabed for the first time on this class of vehicles. In the present work, the crawler travelled in an area of 40 m away from the OBSEA, producing an extension of the monitoring field of view (FOV), and covering an area approximately 230 times larger than OBSEA's camera. The analysis of the videos obtained from the crawler's and the observatory's cameras revealed differences in the species observed. Future implementation scenarios are also discussed in relation to mission autonomy to perform imaging across spatial heterogeneity gradients around the OBSEA.


Abstract : General weight, strength, and thermal properties of beryllium are discussed. Examples of beryllium application are given which show both weight savings and reduction of thermal stresses in high temperature environments. Specific weight reductions are demonstrated for a ballistic missile and a lunar rocket.


Asymptotic equivalence results for nonparametric regression experiments have always assumed that the variances of the observations are known. In practice, however the variance of each observation is generally considered to be an unknown nuisance parameter. We establish an asymptotic approximation to the nonparametric regression experiment when the value of the variance is an additional parameter to be estimated or tested. This asymptotically equivalent experiment has two components: the first contains all the information about the variance and the second has all the information about the mean. The result can be extended to regression problems where the variance varies slowly from observation to observation.


A simple technique for reducing the sidelobe structure in the radiation pattern of phased arrays is presented. This technique uses an auxiliary antenna consisting of two or four elements in conjunction with the main array. The two elements produce a cosine pattern of constant amplitude. The four elements can produce a sine pattern with varying amplitude, depending upon the size of the auxiliary antenna. Adding or subtracting the pattern of the auxiliary antenna to the pattern of the main array results in a new pattern with reduced sidelobes. The results of computer simulations showed good improvements in the sidelobe structure.


On the basis of Lee–Low–Pines (LLP) unitary transformation, the influence of external magnetic field, Rashba spin–orbit coupling and quantum size effect on the ground-state interaction energy of strong-coupling magnetopolarons in quantum disks (QDs) is studied by using the Tokuda improved linear combine operator method. The results show that the ground-state interaction energy of magnetopolarons consists of four parts: the energy caused by the confinement potential of QDs, interaction energy between the electron and external magnetic field, electron and longitudinal-optical (LO) phonon interaction energy and additional term of Rashba effect originating from phonons. The electron–LO phonon interaction energy Ee-ph and additional term of Rashba effect are always negative; the absolute value |Ee-ph| increases with increasing transverse confinement strength ω0, cyclotron frequency of external magnetic field ωc and electron–LO phonon coupling strength α, but decreases with increasing the thickness of QDs L; th...


Actin and myosin, the major proteins of the contractile complex actomyosin, have now been demonstrated to be important constituents of many eukaryotic cells. As in muscle, their role is primarily that of a contractile system. This system is thought to underly all aspects of cellular motility: locomotion, shape change, mitosis and meiosis, cell division, cytoplasmic streaming, organelle motion, endo-cytosis (pinocytosis, phagocytosis), and exocytosis. We describe here a simple experimental system to demonstrate quantitatively aspects of motility and its regulation in the slime mould Physarum polycephalum


Within the different organic photovoltaic devices the conjugated polymer/fullerene bulk heterojunction approach is one of the foci of today's research interest. These devices are highly dependent on the solid state nanoscale morphology of the two components (donor/acceptor) in the photoactive layer. The need for finely phase separated polymer–fullerene blends is expressed by the limited exciton diffusion length present in organic semiconductors. Typical distances that these photo-excitations can travel within a pristine material are around 10–20 nm. In an efficient bulk heterojunction the scale of phase separation is therefore closely related to the respective exciton diffusion lengths of the two materials involved. Once the excitons reach the donor/acceptor interface, the photoinduced charge transfer results in the charge separation. After the charges have been separated they require percolated pathways to the respective charge extracting electrodes in order to supply an external direct current. Thus also an effective charge transport relies on the development of a suitable nanomorphology i.e. bicontinuous interpenetrating phase structures within these blend films. The present feature article combines and summarizes the experimental findings on this nanomorphology–efficiency relationship.


This paper concerns the joystick control of the the high performance econo vehicle developed by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries featuring 2 independent fully actuated steering wheels. For this purpose, we propose a velocity control law based on the assumption of pure rolling without slipping wheel/road contact and the techniques of dynamic feedback linearization. It allows the robot's joystick control along 3 independent degrees of freedom: the longitudinal and lateral directions in the horizontal plane and the angular orientation about the vertical axis. Experiments on an asphalt road were performed at small speed which proved to be successful.


Despite the obvious success of the book, there are certain issues which many readers will find disquieting. The authors make frequent cross-national comparisons, and indeed they are valid. However, the homogeneity of this region, when considered in a global context, must also be stressed; West Africa is but a peripheral and dependent part of the international system and this is reflected in human mobility (which must be viewed as partly a result of such forces). Secondly, the book does not pretend to attempt to analyze the causes and consequences of migration; the authors are clear about this issue at the outset and view the book as providing a base for subsequent research into causes and impacts. Some will feel shortchanged by this. In an empirical sense the work is deficient in that, because of information problems, Nigeria has been excluded-this is especially bothersome not only considering the demographic dominance of the country but also because of the fact that its oil revenue has pushed its economy aheadofthe others in the region (in this sense, planners and policymakers will be quite concerned with population mobility in Nigeria).


Washington's 1967 timber harvest declined to 5.9 billion board feet, 2.3 percent below the 1966 harvest. The cut on public lands remained about the same as in 1966 with a 6.7-percent increase in public cut in eastern Washington, offsetting a 2.2-percent decrease in western Washington. The Indian lands had the greatest increase in harvest, up 35 million board feet, followed by National Forest lands with an increase of 27 million board feet. The 71-million-board-foot drop (13 percent) in cut on State lands was accompanied by a 297-million-board-foot increase (45 percent) in the uncut volume of State timber under contract at the end of 1967 compared with the 1966 yearend total. This increase of uncut material is in contrast to the average situation on all public lands where the sold but uncut volume under contract declined 4.4 percent (230 million board feet).


Objective To observe the efficacy of endoscopic implantation of slow-releasing 5-fluorouracil(5-FU) in relieving incomplete gastric outflow obstruction due to locally-advanced carcinoma.Methods A total of 12 advanced gastric cancer patients enrolled into this study.During the endoscopy procedure,slow-releasing 5-FU agent was implanted compactly into the infiltrated tumor lesion.Forty-five to sixty pieces of agent(each piece equivalent to 1.67 mg 5-FU) were deployed,with an average dose of 90 mg.Simultaneously,3 mg lentinan was injected surround the infiltrated lesions.Results Sixteen procedures of slow-releasing 5-FU implantation were performed.No hemorrhage or perforation was observed.Parameters of hepato-renal function and complete blood count were stable after implantation.The numbers of patients with satisfactory,very good and good results in relieving symptom were 3,4 and 3 respectively,with an overall response rate of 83.3%(10/12).The average time of sustained symptom-relieving was 22 d.Two patients were transferred to gastrectomy after pertinent symptoms relievement following slow-releasing 5-FU implantation.Conclusions The time of sustained obstructive symptom-relieving after slow-releasing 5-FU implantation ranges from 15 to 30 d,much longer than that of conventional chemotherapy via either intravenous or locally applied water-soluble agents.Satisfied results have been observed in relieving incomplete gastric outflow obstruction due to tumor infiltration,and improving the performance status of patients.


To satisfy the requirement of the control parameters in greenhouse, this paper introduced the design scheme of monitoring and control system based on Zigbee due to its low-cost, simplicity and mobility. We designed the sensor node, control node and gateway node based on CC2430, described the design method of hardware circuit and the flow chart of software. By monitoring the environment factors in real time, such as illumination, temperature, humility and carbon dioxide, the spray system, ventilation fans and lighting lamps were automated controlled to satisfy crop growth requirement. The monitoring system is easy to expand and update, and the program interface is friendly to operate.


With the set-up and perfection of social market system, the deepens of high school management, particularly the appearance of merging-university system, it is an attack to high school file work, especially to the merging -university files management. How to manage these merging-university files well has become the key problem in high school reformation.


Security of data is a big concern to individuals and organizations that may be compelled to use the cloud services since some of these data are quite sensitive. The major challenges that any Cloud Computing Service Provider (CSP) must overcome are to make sure that its servers (VMs) are free from hacking by masqueraders or other attackers inside the CSPs. Therefore, there is the need for data to be encrypted and then sent to the cloud. This will ensure that users/clients sensitive data-in-transit and at rest is protected. In our new cloud framework, we implement for the user the best-fit hybrid algorithm for their data combined with an enhanced security for the VM instance. We propose the use of hybrid algorithms for VMs and user data encryption. The algorithms include RSA, AES 256-bit, ECC and SHA-256 which makes up a strong framework for speed, security, and integrity mainly for individual users. In the case of bulk data or organizations, we propose Homomorphic Encryption where the provider can operate on the data without decrypting it. We minimize the indices for fast decryption and then the decryption algorithm will require the computation of only two pairing operations, the hybrid of the standard encryption techniques and the homomorphic


Bent-core mesogens are attracting great attention because of their potentially biaxial and polar nematic phase. In this paper, we review the results of our recent X-ray diffraction studies on the nematic phase of oxadiazole-based mesogens. The evolution of the small-angle diffraction signal with temperature points to the existence of nano-sized cybotactic clusters, characterized by short-range smectic-like fluctuations. However, in contrast to classical cybotaxis of calamitic nematics, these fluctuations do not have a pretransitional nature. They explain most of the extraordinary properties of bent-core mesogens and, in particular, are responsible for the unique ferroelectric response exhibited by one of our compounds.


This paper surveys the history and the current state of tool support for modelling with the PEPA stochastic process algebra and the PEPA nets modelling language. We discuss future directions for tool support for the PEPA family of languages.


The global proliferation of dams within the last half century has prompted ecologists to understand the effects of regulated rivers on large-river fishes. Currently, much of the effort to mitigate the influence of dams on large-river fishes has been focused on downriver effects, and little attention has been given to upriver effects. Through a combination of field observations and laboratory experiments, we tested the hypothesis that abiotic conditions upriver of the dam are the mechanism for the lack of recruitment in Pallid Sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus albus), an iconic large-river endangered species. Here we show for the first time that anoxic upriver habitat in reservoirs (i.e., the transition zone between the river and reservoir) is responsible for the lack of recruitment in Pallid Sturgeon. The anoxic condition in the transition zone is a function of reduced river velocities and the concentration of fine particulate organic material with high microbial respiration. As predicted, the river upstream of th...


This case study examined the responses of a group of women to a series of classes on leadership development, modeled after the Academy for Community Leadership. This opportunity was offered to a group of workers who are not normally slated for this type of training. Through a series of eight two-hour classes the participants were introduced to various topics related to leadership such as leadership styles, teambuilding, workplace diversity, problem solving, communication and action plan development. The data collection methods included a weekly evaluation, journaling, nonparticipant observation and a post-session interview. The results revealed that the participants had increased their self confidence, and they felt better prepared to do their current job. They expressed aspirations to continue their education as well as to seek promotions. They came to understand the qualities of leadership that they already possessed as well as areas for improvement. The results of this qualitative study suggest that leadership training should be offered to groups such as CNAs, direct support professionals and others on the lower rungs of the organizational ladder who are not typically offered this type of training.


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Evidence from 1969 studies in Virginia and Ohio suggests that neither community leaders nor the general public are likely to define water related problems as major problem areas. An examination of the components of a social problem tends to indicate that water problems have not moved beyond a level of minimal public concern. When respondents were willing to describe existing or potential water problems, perceptions as well as possible solutions were described in abstract rather than action-oriented terms. It is suggested that efforts to eliminate water resource problems are not likely to be effective until public concern moves to motivational and behavioral levels.


Occlusion culling using a traditional hierarchical depth buffer, or z-pyramid, is less effective when rendering with motion blur. We present a new data structure, the tz-pyramid, that extends the traditional z-pyramid to represent scene depth values in time. This temporal information improves culling efficacy when rendering with motion blur. The tz-pyramid allows occlusion culling to adapt to the amount of scene motion, providing a balance of high efficacy with large motion and low cost in terms of depth comparisons when motion is small. Compared to a traditional z-pyramid, using the tz-pyramid for occlusion culling reduces the number of micropolygons shaded by up to 3.5x. In addition to better culling, the tz-pyramid reduces the number of depth comparisons by up to 1.4x.


A well-known maxim defines politics as "the art of the possible". This definition implies that the nature of politics is relative to specific circumstances and derives from an adoption of the line of action possible under given circumstances; correlated to this is a rejection of political activities whose realisation is impossible while being subjected to these circumstances. This essay investigates what distinguishes the possible from the impossible in politics and how this difference is maintained ideologically through a process of "crystallization", which generates all social and economic possibility as being inextricably linked with the existing order. On the level of political subjectivity, crystallization operates as a condition for self-understanding. Hence, the subject is faced not only with difficulties in criticising the existing order, but a constitutive inability to think itself beyond the horizon of what is criticised. This dilemma is problematised, as is the mystical radicality of "the limit" in political theory. To conclude, the essay invokes the juxtaposition of realism and impossibility in the Situationist phrase - "Be realistic, demand the impossible". Given the crystallizing nature of capitalist realism, which does not even allow us to consider the immediate possible, this logic should be reversed. In order to fulfil the promise of politics, one has to be unrealistic and insist on the possible - that is, rediscover the possibilities in which this promise is embedded.


Two hundred and forty patients, asymptomatic relative to gastrointestinal disease, who applied for elective hernia repair, were tested as outpatients for occult blood in the stool. Thirty‐eight patients had one or more positive specimens. Significant pathologic characteristics were identified by lower gastrointestinal evaluation in 23 of these patients. One patient had an adenocarcinoma (Dukes‐ Stage B). Eight patients had polyps of various types, 11 patients had colonic diverticula, and three patients had anorectal disease. Patient compliance was excellent and the cost–benefit ratio appeared to be acceptable.


Worldwide child trafficking reflects the widespread poverty and erosion of moral norms in institutions in charge of the care for the young among sending communities and
receiving communities. In the Sub-Saharan context, West Africa has been most affected by this problem and is facing key challenges in determining its causes and effects.
Patterns of trafficking in this region indicate a symmetrical relationship between sending and receiving areas, or sending areas are also receiving. Symmetrical flows also turn some of the receiving areas into transit function zones (UNICEF, 2003: 18). Currently, countering responses are primarily directed at setting up a legal framework to control and prosecute trafficking networks, to intercept trafficked children for return and reintegration.


Modern train systems generate vast amounts of data. Analysis of this data may sometimes not be performed on the running train, and must be transmitted to other systems operated by the train managem ...


In this paper, we study the multipath routing problem in MPTCP-enable software-defined networks. We have proposed an efficient multipath routing algorithm for creating bandwidth-abundant and flexible future software-defined core networks. Our proposed algorithm will figure out k-least-jointed shortest paths by using conventional k-shortest path algorithm, e.g., Yen's algorithm, incorporating with a greedy algorithm for the path selection. Thanks to that, the algorithm can help to exploit the use of MPTCP while reducing the bottleneck problem that may occur with shared links in the networks. In order to verify the efficiency of our proposal, we have implemented an MPTCP-enable software-defined testbed based on mininet, Ryu controller, and Kali Linux OS and perform numerical experiments to compare the network performance of our approach to traditional MPTCP as well as conventional TCP (without MPTCP). The obtained results confirmed that, by reducing the number of jointed links in the set of selected k-shortest paths, our solution outperforms the traditional MPTCP as well as that of conventional TCP networks.


Using a poststructural practice approach to rock art interpretation, this paper seeks to reconstruct an understanding of the social and cognitive processes involved in the transmission of an ancient Angara rock art style from central Siberia to North America. As I argued in a previous paper (McNeil 2005), Tungusic Manchu-speaking Evenki in Siberia produced rock art at ceremonial sites and inscribed images (Connerton 1989) intended to communicate a regional Bear Restoration Complex and bear-human ancestry religious beliefs. The ancestral Evenki clans' shared practical and discursive knowledge (Bourdieu 1977; Giddens 1987, 1984) was grounded in hunter-gatherer lifeways, bolstered by bear restoration cycle beliefs and ritual practices. A similar style with probable connections to this ideology appears to have been replicated in North America (Wyoming) during the Pleistocene-Holocene Transition (PHT) or Early Holocene.


Commentary on : Loberg M, Kalager M, Holme O, et al. Long-term colorectal-cancer mortality after adenoma removal. N Engl J Med 2014;371:799–807.[OpenUrl][1][CrossRef][2][PubMed][3][Web of Science][4]

The association of colorectal cancer (CRC) with pre-existing adenomatous polyps was challenged for decades until the National Polyp Study (NPS) demonstrated that colonoscopic polypectomy prevented deaths from CRC.1 In a follow-up of the Minnesota Colon Cancer Control study (46 551 participants), those randomly assigned to annual screening with a sensitive faecal occult blood test, sustained a 32% CRC mortality reduction over 30 years which was consistent with the effect of polypectomy.2 In the Nurses' Health Study and the Health Professional Follow-up Study (88 902 participants followed over 22 years), lower endoscopy was associated with a 43% CRC mortality reduction compared to no endoscopy.3 …

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Summary The theories of free turbulence are unsatisfactory as the distinction between dimensional analysis and physical hypotheses is not sharply drawn. Dimensional analysis is applied to the various problems of free turbulence in order to deduce as much as possible, without recourse to physical hypotheses, as' to the nature of turbulent flow. The various theories of turbulent flow are then considered in the light of the previous analysis. It is concluded that the phenomena are too complicated to be explained by the simpler versions of the existing theories. Experiment shows that heat spreads faster than momentum and this is qualitatively in favour of the vorticity transfer theory. Wall turbulence is considered in an appendix and the logarithmic velocity distribution is deduced from dimensional analysis.


This work examines SrMoO4 spindle particles decorated at reduced graphene oxide (SrMoO4@rGO) as hydrogen-evolving electrocatalysts in acid-water electrolytes. A facile solvothermal method was employed for the preparation of SrMoO4@rGO. The phase formation and presence of rGO were confirmed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and morphology was determined by Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). The developed material's electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity was studied using various voltammetric techniques in a three-electrode cell system in an acidic environment. A comparative study of HER activity among SrMoO4, SrMoO4@rGO, 20 wt.%Pt/C has been done. An increased rate of hydrogen evolution was observed for SrMoO4@Rgo compared to free-standing SrMoO4.


Holly Berezow Ricker COMORBIDITY OF ADHD AND EDUCATIONAL CLASSIFICATION AMONG IN-PATIENT POPULATIONS OF CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS 1995 Dr. Roberta Dihoff Masters of School Psychology This thesis is an ex post facto study of an in-patient population of 39 adolescents between the ages of twelve and eighteen at a New Jersey State Psychiatric Hospital for Adolescents and 74 pre-adolescents and adolescents between the ages of seven and fifteen at a Pnvate Residential School in New Jersey . Of this population of N-=13. n=48 were detennined to have Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) with an incidence rate of 42.5%. Significant co-morbidity of ADHD and Depression, Conduct Disorder/Oppositional Defiant Disorder. Psychotic Disorders, and Learning Disabilities were found. The incidence of co-morbidity of ADHD and Educational Classification was found to be significantly higher than the incidence researched among more diverse population groups as represented by the New Zealand (Anderson et. al, 1985) and Puerto Rico (Bird et. al., 1988) large population surveys. The ranked correlation's between ADHD and Educational Classification was found to be r= 985 (P> .01), and between ADHD, Classification and Other Behavioral Disorders was found to be r=.854 (P> 01) This procedure supports the premise of utilizing Child Study Teams to provide data to plan globally and programmatically as well as to prepare individual education plans. MINI ABSTRACT Holly Berezow Ricker COMORRIDITY OF ADHO AND EDUCATIONAL CLASSIFICATION AMONG IN-PATIENT POPULATIONS OF CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS 1995 Dr. Roberta Dihoff Masters of School Psychology ATn ¢ fpoCtfacto study of N= 13 children (aged 7-18) placed at a State Mental Hospital or Private Residential School Via hypothesis testing and ranked correlation's, n=48 (42.5%) showed significant (P>.0 1) comorbidity of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder with Learning Disabilities (r-.985) and/or Depression, Conduct Disorder/OppositionaI Defiant Disorder, Psychotic Disorder (r=854).


All of the presently known species of the siphonapteran families Coptopsyllidae, Pygiopsyllidae, Stephanocircidae and Xiphiopsyllidae are listed and their principal hosts and geographic distribution are discussed. Author and date of description are included for each taxon.


One of the most recurrent medical complications resulting from blast trauma is heterotopic ossification: the pathological formation of extraskeletal bone in non-osseous tissue. Although a number of studies have established the interaction between mechanics and biology in several non-pathological bone formation processes, the exact role of the mechanical stimuli on the activation of the osteogenic differentiation of cells following blast trauma remains unanswered. Here we present the design and calibration of mechanical loading platforms used to examine the effects of blast-relevant mechanical insults on the activation of osteogenesis in periosteum-derived stromal cells. Multiaxial compression was performed on cells using single-pulses of different stress magnitudes and loading regimes, from quasi-static to high strain rate. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to compare the changes in osteogenic gene expression levels between the different loading conditions and the non-loaded controls. This proof of concept also establishes a new window to address fundamental questions regarding blast injuries at the cellular level.


Silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) is a NAD^ + -dependent histone deacetylase, which plays an important role in cerebral ischemia. It mainly stabilizes cerebral vascular endothefium, prevents vascular stenosis and the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress effects after cerebral ischemia. This article reviews the protective effects of STRT1 and its related mechanisms in cerebral ischemia.

Key words:
Sirtuin 1;  Brain Ischemia;  Cerebrovascular Circulation;  Inflamn~tion;  Oxidative Stress


Tourism uses the digital marketing concept and produces digital content marketing (DCM) to communicate services that aim to increase visits to tourist destinations in Indonesia. Therefore, this study aimed to determine DCM's effectiveness in influencing tourist visits in Indonesia. It adopted the uses and gratification theory, the AISAS marketing communication model, as well as self-brand connection and experience variables. Furthermore, a survey was used with a quantitative approach involving 200 respondents selected using a non-probability sampling technique. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed in data analysis with partial least squares (PLS) software. The results showed that DCM containing information about a tourist destination, as well as an invitation to visit a destination, attracts the attention of consumers. In this case, consumers need to find information through websites and social media. Moreover, DCM that prioritizes content designed to the intended consumers' self-concept cannot help consumers seek information about a tourist destination. Therefore, the invitation to visit is also attractive and makes consumers seek information through websites and social media.


Abstract Objective: To develop and test–retest the reproducibility of an ethnic-specific FFQ to estimate nutrient intakes for South Asians (SA) in New Zealand (NZ). Design: Using culturally appropriate methods, the NZFFQ, a validated dietary assessment tool for NZ adults, was modified to include SA food items by analysing foods consumed by SA participants of the Adult Nutrition Survey, in-person audit of ethnic food stores and a web scan of ethnic food store websites in NZ. This was further refined via three focus group discussions, and the resulting New Zealand South Asian Food Frequency Questionnaire (NZSAFFQ) was tested for reproducibility. Setting: Auckland and Dunedin, NZ. Participants: Twenty-nine and 110 males and females aged 25–59 years of SA ethnicity participated in the focus group discussions and the test–retest, respectively. Results: The development phase resulted in a SA-specific FFQ comprising of 11 food groups and 180 food items. Test–retest of the NZSAFFQ showed good reproducibility between the two FFQ administrations, 6 months apart. Most reproducibility coefficients were within or higher than the acceptable range of 0·5–0·7. The lowest intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were observed for β-carotene (0·47), vitamin B12 (0·50), fructose (0·55), vitamin C (0·57) and selenium (0·58), and the highest ICC were observed for alcohol (0·81), iodine (0·79) and folate (0·77). The ICC for fat ranged from 0·70 for saturated fats to 0·77 for polyunsaturated fats. The ICC for protein and energy were 0·68 and 0·72, respectively. Conclusions: The developed FFQ showed good reproducibility to estimate nutrient intakes and warrants the need for validation of the instrument.


A Linear polarization reconfigurable magneto-electric dipole antenna is presented. Antenna reconfigurability is achieved by using a novel cross-dipole feed with four bent arms and four PIN diodes. By controlling the states of the diodes, the antenna operation can be switched between two orthogonal linear polarizations. Superior antenna performance such as wide operating bandwidth, stable gain and symmetric patterns are observed.


UNLABELLED
. Burnout and risk of burnout in the Italian teams of bone marrow transplant: a multicentre survey.

INTRODUCTION
The term burnout is used to describe a state of work-related psychological distress in healthcare employees characterized by three related, but independent, components: emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalization (DP) and reduced personal accomplishment (PA).

AIM
The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of burnout and stress symptoms in physicians, nurses, and other healthcare professionals in Italian Bone Marrow Transplantation Units.

METHODS
All personnel of a multidisciplinary group of the Italian Group of Bone Marrow Transplantation were asked to answer two different validated questionnaires: the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) for the assessment of general wellbeing. Logistic regression was used to investigate possible risk factors for burnout.

RESULTS
This study showed a relatively low burnout prevalence (3.7%), however about 43.5% of health workers were at risk for developing a burnout syndrome. No personal or center characteristics seemed related to burnout risk, but there was a strong correlation between higher scores from the general health questionnaire and burnout risk.

CONCLUSIONS
Results from our survey suggest that burnout is a relevant problem in transplant teams and as such strategies should be implemented to prevent it.


ABSTRACT This article claims to provide evidence on whether content-subject and cognitive achievement vary in CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning) and non-CLIL classrooms in the framework of a newly introduced CLIL programme in Italy. A standardized and validated science test (TIMSS) was administered to a sample 988 fourth-grade students. The sample was divided into three groups: one group learning science through English, one group through German, and a control group in which the students' school language, Italian, was employed. In our study the lack of taking into account causal relations which prevails in many prior studies is reduced by employing a counterfactual design. Results show a slightly negative effect of CLIL on science learning in both treatment groups in comparison to the control group. However, for both CLIL groups the negative effect exclusively pertains to the learning of purely content-related knowledge, while there are no differences between the non-CLIL and the two CLIL groups with regard to two other cognitive domains: application of knowledge and reasoning. Moreover, the paper shows significantly negative CLIL effects only among low language achievers and students from less advantaged parental backgrounds.


The seasonal reproductive cycles of male and female desert tortoises (Gopherus agassizii) were studied under semi-natural conditions. Tortoises were maintained in outdoor pens subject to ambient weather conditions and received supplemental food and water. Heparinized blood samples were collected monthly using jugular puncture. Ovarian follicular growth and egg development were monitored using ultrasonography. Mating was observed in the fall (following nesting) and the spring (prior to nesting). Vitellogenesis occurred during the fall prior to hibernation. Nesting was observed from May-early July with females producing one or two clutches. Clutches ranged from 2-7 eggs. Both males and females displayed seasonal testosterone cycles.


The evaluation of life sciences has made the medical science have the tendency of being more comprehensive and pluralistic.It has intermingled with natural science,social science,human culture and engineering science together and formed some new overlapping subjects so that the medical science itself is also advanced to be developed.The developed of medical science also challenges the cultivating model of new-type medical talents.It demands that modern medical talents should be accomplished in the professional knowledge and posses extensive human culture education in the reform of medical education model.


Off-duty Koevoet operative based at Arendsnes. Koevoet is the common name of the South West African Police Counter-Insurgency Unit (SWAPOL-COIN).


In this research, it is aimed to examine the relationship between the fear of Covid-19 and psychological symptoms and whether the fear of Covid-19 differs according to some demographic variables. 574 people (300 female, 274 male) aged at least 18 years and older participated in the research. The data of the research were provided by using the Covid-19 Fear Scale, Symptom Distress Check List (SCL-90-R) and PersonaliInformation Form. The data were analyzed in the SPSS 24 program. In the study, the fear of Covid-19 and adult psychological symptoms were found to be positively and significantly correlated. In addition, it was found that the Covid-19 fear levels of the participants didn't differ according to gender; on the other hand, it was found that there was a significant difference according to the person staying together during the Covid-19 pandemic process, the place of residence, having children, presence of chronic illness, quarantine as a result of contact, and being infected.


Gas bubble formation from a submerged orifice under constant-flow conditions in a quiescent high-density liquid metal, lead–bismuth eutectic (LBE), at high Reynolds numbers was investigated numerically. The numerical simulation was carried out using a coupled level-set and volume-of-fluid method governed by axisymmetric Navier–Stokes equations. The ratio of liquid density to gas density for the system of interest was about 15,261. The bubble formation regimes varied from quasi-static to inertia-dominated and the different bubbling regimes such as period-1 and period-2 with pairing and coalescence were described. The volume of the detached bubble was evaluated for various Weber numbers, We, at a given Bond number, Bo, with Reynolds number Re≫1. It was found that at high values of the Weber number, the computed detached bubble volumes approached a 3/5 power law. The different bubbling regimes were identified quantitatively from the time evolution of the growing bubble volume at the orifice. It was shown that the growing volume of two consecutive bubbles in the period-2 bubbling regime was not the same whereas it was the same for the period-1 bubbling regime. The influence of grid resolution on the transition from period-1 to period-2 with pairing and coalescence bubbling regimes was investigated. It was observed that the transition is extremely sensitive to the grid size. The transition of period-1 and period-2 with pairing and coalescence is shown on a Weber–Bond numbers map. The critical value of Weber number signalling the transition from period-1 to period-2 with pairing and coalescence decreases with Bond number as We∼Bo−1, which is shown to be consistent with the scaling arguments. Furthermore, comparisons of the dynamics of bubble formation and bubble coalescence in LBE and water systems are discussed. It was found that in a high Reynolds number bubble formation regime, a difference exists in the transition from period-1 to period-2 with pairing and coalescence between the bubbles formed in water and the bubbles formed in LBE. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 61: 3996–4012, 2015


Introduction ...................................................................................... 1030 I. Background ............................................................................. 1035 A. The Merger Regulation ................................................... 1035 B. FTC Approval of the Boeing-McDonnell Douglas M erger .............................................................................. 1039 II. European Commission's Decision on the BoeingMcDonnell Douglas Merger ................................................... 1040 III. EU Power to Oppose the Merger .......................................... 1046 IV. Consistency of the Commission's Decision ........................... 1047 A. Exclusive Supply Arrangements ...................................... 1048 B. Spillover Effects of McDonnell Douglas' Defense D ivision ............................................................................. 1050 C. Expansion of Boeing's Market Share and Other Factors Strengthening Dominance ................................. 1052 D . Rem edies .......................................................................... 1058 V. Implications of the Commission's Decision .......................... 1059 VI. Recom m endations .................................................................. 1061


Measurements, on CATV DFB strained QW lasers, of first-order, second-order optical modulation depth (OMD) and, for the first time, of DC component decrease with modulation Delta /sub DC/ are fitted within a nonlinear model giving a precise determination of gain compression factor epsilon . This direct determination method at intermediate modulation frequencies is simpler and gives higher precision of epsilon than existing measurement methods such as relaxation resonance peak characteristics or emission wavelength shift.


Panorama technology is important used in the areas of robot,computer vision and fictitious reality.Design of panorama system based on 360°scanning of linear CCD is presented in this paper.The hardware interface design and software program design are discussed.The progress of panorama mosaic is simplified by using linear CCD to build up images;Anti-interference performance and real-time characteristic of the system are enhanced by data transmission based on the Camera Link interface technology.


In a previous paper by some of us (arXiv:1008.4638v2 [hep-ph]), the gauge structure of Yang-Mills theories with one universal extra dimension was explored. In particular, two types of gauge invariance were identified and classified as standard gauge transformations (SGT) and nonstandard gauge transformations (NSGT). The main purpose of this work is to give a precise meaning to this classification within the context of hidden symmetries. In three different gauge systems, suitable canonical transformations capable of hiding explicit symmetries are found. The systems under consideration are: (i) four dimensional pure SU(3) Yang-Mills theory, (ii) four dimensional SU(3) Yang-Mills with spontaneous symmetry breaking, and (iii) pure Yang-Mills theory with one universal compact extra dimension. In all cases the original system is mapped into a certain effective theory that is invariant under the so-called SGT and NSGT. In the case where spontaneous symmetry breaking is present, the set of SGT corresponds to the group to which the original gauge group is broken into, whereas the NSGT are associated to the broken generators. System (ii) is a particular case of the more general scenario in which the symmetry G is broken into H and a canonical transformation is introduced to map covariant objects under G into covariant objects under H. For systems (i) and (ii) the group of SGT is SU(2), whereas for the system (iii) this group is referred to as SU(N,\mc{M}^{4}), the standard SU(N) with gauge parameters defined on four dimensional Minkowski spacetime. Prospects to generalize the system (iii) to more than one extra dimension are also discussed. The differences between the pseudo-Goldstone bosons that emerge from a degenerate vacuum and those induced by compactification are stressed.


This study quantifies costs that firms are willing to incur to avoid violation of private debt covenants. The results indicate that as firms approach covenant violation they engage in income-increasing earnings management, which increases their tax liability. By estimating the extent of income-increasing activities and the additional tax costs incurred, this study arrives at a lower-bound estimate of the cost of violating private debt covenants. The mean (median) firm with relatively tight debt covenants increases its current tax liability by an amount equivalent to increasing the cost of debt financing by between 12.92 (10.72) and 22.72 (12.81) basis points (where firms with relatively loose debt covenants serve as the baseline). The magnitude of this estimate indicates that the expected costs of covenant violation are meaningful. Combined with recent evidence that private debt covenant violations occur frequently (Dichev and Skinner, 2002; Roberts and Sufi, 2009b), this implies debt covenants and expected violations are economically important.


The article closes theoretical and conceptual gaps of European civilizational choice: argumentative contradictions within the ways to implement the European civilizational choice in Ukraine's political life, the variability of European civilization values Ukraine can choose, the results of the implementation of Ukraine's European civilization choice in political practice were analyzed. The axiological-normative, structural-functional and comparative methods helped to prove that possible ways to implement the European civilization choice in Ukraine's the political life either have internal contradictions or will lead to the loss of Ukraine's statehood, thus it is not advisable for Ukraine to choose the European civilizational values in their pure form. As far as the implementation of Ukraine's European civilizational choice on the level of political practice is concerned, so far it is coherent to superficial and ritualized civilizational identification as opposed to substantial and existential civilizational identity. Ukraine's civilizational choice that entails the implementation of European civilizational values in their pure form is extremely problematic and unlikely under the current socio-political conditions. The results of the study can be used in further political-theoretical research that aims to find more realistic and viable concepts of Ukraine's civilizational choice. Key words: Ukraine's political life , Ukraine's civilizational choice, civilizational values, European values, political institutions.


Fatty alcohol was prepared by hydrogenation of fatty acid methyl esters(FAMEs) using Cu-Zn catalyst at subcritical conditions.Effect of hexane dosage,reaction temperature and volume ratio of hydrogen to oil on the reaction were studied,as well as the catalytic activity and selectivity of Cu-Cr catalyst and Cu-Zn catalyst were examined and compared.The conversion of FAMEs achieves 99.5% and the selectivity of fatty alcohol achieves 99.6% when the reaction was conducted under pressure of 6.0 MPa,temperature 250 ℃,space velocity 0.8 h-1,volume ratio of hexane to FAMEs 7:1 and volume ratio of hydrogen to oil 250:1.The experimental results also showed that Cu-Zn catalyst is superior to Cu-Cr catalyst with respect to catalytic activity and selectivity.


The results of calculations of noise-reducing screens of various sizes and designs are presented. The effectiveness of the noise level in the case of such screens in the streets of the city of Murom is calculated.


Background: Women giving vaginal birth have always been provid ed support and care during the birth process. As technology has developed, health professionals have tended to focus on procedures rather than pregnant women, which have caused women to suspend from vaginal bir th. Aim: The aim of this study was to clarify women's expec tations from nurses of vaginal birth in Turkey. Materials and methods: In this phenomenological qualitative study, face-t o-face in-depth interviews conducted with 12 participants, using semi-structured intervi w form. Participants were recruited by purposive sampling and maternity clinic of a university hospital was consi dered as the setting. Interviews were audio taped a nd transcribed verbatim. The content analysis were used for data a nalysis. Results: Data are clustered into three main themes: physiolo gical support needs, psychological support needs, a nd knowledge needs. Conclusion: This research has revealed important data about th e expectations of the women from nurses.


The dynamics of consumer prices for basic goods and services in Ivanovo region at a disaggregated level is being investigated. This classification of time series of prices is based on six parameters by means of cluster analysis. The specific properties of each class are shown.


Objective: To describe the current situation of using drugs to treat gout on inpatients at Can Tho City General Hospital. Subjects and methods: Retrospective, cross-sectional, descriptive, non-intervention study based on inpatient medical records for gout treatment at Can Tho City General Hospital with admission time from June 2019 to December 2019. Results: The majority of patients were prescribed colchicine, accounting for 91.35%, followed by oral and injected meloxicam, with 55.77.0% and 29.81% respectively. Inpatients using a single regimen mainly used paracetamol (accounting for 36.11%) and colchicine (accounting for 22.22%). The most commonly used 2-drug inpatient regimen included: colchicin + oral paracetamol (30.43%), oral meloxicam + oral paracatamol (19.57%). The 3-drug combination regimen on the inpatient group includes: colchicin + injected meloxicam + oral paracetamol (accounting for 61.11%). The four-drug combination regimen was colchicin + injected meloxicam + oral methylprednisolon + infused paracetamol. The majority of inpatients had the regimen changed due to improved clinical symptoms (accounting for 64.13%). Approximately 25.54% of patients need changes due to more severe clinical symptoms. Only 6 medical records showed adverse events during the treatment process, accounting for 5.77%. In which, digestive disorders accounted for the highest percentage with 50.0%. Conclusion: Gout inpatients were mainly indicated for the use of colchicin and meloxicam. The main regimens used in monotherapy were paracetamol and colchicin, the multitherapy regimen mainly used colchicin, meloxicam and paracetamol. Drug side effects were low at 5.77%.


Objective: To have a acoustic densitometry(AD) analysis about the relationship between trigger intervals and effects in experimenting normal liver with high mechanical index(HMI) contrast imaging. Methods: Ten cases of normal liver were examined with HMI contrast imaging and the contrast agents were administrated through forearm veins at 0.3ml, trigger intervals being set at 1.0s, 2.0s, 3.0s, 4.0s respectively. The grey scale changes of imaging enhanced by contrast agents were analyzed with time-intensity cure method. The values of peak intensity(PI), area under curve(AUC), half time of descending(HT), mean transit time(MTT) were measured. Results: The time-intensity curves were almost similar at every trigger intervals, with a single-peak-shaped, looking like "a triangle", which could be divided ascending, peak and descendent periods. but its amplitudes were different. The values of PI, AUC, HT, MTT and the effects of enhancement were gradually increased following trigger intervals increase from 1.0s to 3.0s. The values of PI, AUC, HT, MTT and the effects of enhancement were not increased any more at intervals of 4.0s and the values of PI, AUC, HT, MTT were almost similar with that measured at an interval of 3.0s, with no significant difference. Conclusion: The effects of enhancement in HMI contrast imaging can be directly influenced by trigger intervals. Following the trigger intervals increase, the effects can become stronger. But if the trigger intervals were too long, the effects increased no more.


Even when software process improvement offers a key opportunity for software industry organizations to become more efficient, selecting the wrong reference model according to the way the organization works becomes a trigger to not have success in the improvement implementation. In this context, the effective integration of models and standards means a tool that improve the information sharing and communication that can play a crucial element for the implementation of multi-model environments to be used as reference model in software process improvements. However, the use of multi-model environment involves complex decision-making activities and requires supporting tools to coordinate and optimize the information management. This work presents an ontological framework that allows the knowledge management. Besides, this is capable of integrating decision levels to support the implementation of software process improvements in software development organizations using multimodel environment as reference.


Present work examines theoretically the relationship between micro-cracks and failure criteria for fracture modes I and II in coating films. TiN films deposited by magnetron sputtering on substrates of steel or aluminum, with homogeneous (HMG) or functionally graded (FGM) structure were considered. The stress field in the film and substrate was generated from the Hertzian normal pressure and tangential force due to the friction from loading displacement at constant sliding velocity on the film surface. At the interface of the film and substrate, there are substantial differences among material properties. These differences, together with the film deposition conditions, can induce the formation of imperfections in the film condensation front, thus, becoming a region of potential micro-cracks formation. Stress-intensity factors at crack tip and a fracture criterion for combined rupture modes I and II in function of TiN film thickness, structure type (FGM x HMG), friction coefficient μ and substrate, were analyzed. A variance study by ANOVA has indicated that for both fracture failure mode I and II, the material factors, substrate and film structure, have higher significance than other factors analyzed. Film thickness is a significant factor, but not at the same level as material factors. Aluminium substrate with HMG coating has a higher risk level than steel substrate. FGM films reduce drastically the fracture failure risk mode I and II, when compared with HMG films,for both substrate. On FGM films, and HMG thin films over steel substrate, the mode II is more importante than the mode I, although the values are not high. For other cases, the mode I is more significative. The friction, altough is a important fator, has not the same significance level when compared with the others investigated. Key-words: FGM, micro-cracks, TiN film, fracture criterion, combined fracture mode I and II.


The decay of isothermal turbulence with velocity anisotropy is investigated using computational simulations and synthetic observations. We decompose the turbulence into isotropic and anisotropic components with total velocity dispersions σiso and σani, respectively. We find that the decay rate of the turbulence depends on the crossing time of the isotropic component only. A cloud of size L with significant anisotropy in its turbulence has a dissipation time, tdiss = L/(2σiso). This translates into turbulent energy decay rates on the cloud scale that can be much lower for anisotropic turbulence than for isotropic turbulence. To help future observations determine whether observed molecular clouds have the level of anisotropy required to maintain the observed level of turbulence over their lifetimes, we performed a principal component analysis on our simulated clouds. Even with projection effects washing out the anisotropic signal, there is a measurable difference in the axis-constrained principal component analysis performed in directions parallel and perpendicular to the direction of maximum velocity dispersion. When this relative difference, ψ, is 0.1, there is enough anisotropy for the dissipation time to triple the expected isotropic value. We provide a fit for converting ψ into an estimate for the dissipation time, tdiss.


In vitro shoot regeneration of Mentha piperita L. was investigated using shoot meristems, node, internode and petiole explants. Shoot regeneration was achieved on 1⁄2 strength MS salts and vitamins supplemented with various concentrations of BAP, Kin alone or with NAA. Shoot meristems and nodal segments showed variation in the frequency of shoot regeneration with single to multiple shoots. However, internode and petiole explants were not potent and failed to regenerate shoots at some of the tested plant growth regulators concentrations. Variable frequency of rooting was recorded at four different concentrations of auxins. The rooted plants were successfully acclimatized to in vivo conditions in the greenhouse.


Porcelain tiles also known as porcelain stoneware are light-colored ceramic widely used in floors and walls in both internal and external environments. They are produced from a triaxial composition of clay (rich in kaolinite), quartz and feldspar [1]. Sintered tiles (in a fast fire for 40-60 min, at 1180-1220 C) are composed of vitreous and crystalline phases (mainly quartz and mullite). Currently, there is a need to minimize the thickness of porcelain stoneware between 3 to 5.5 mm. However, as the thickness is reduced mechanical properties become a limiting property. Thus additives are usually needed to improve the mechanical strength and fracture toughness of the thinner tiles. Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) are known to be one of the strongest materials in nature (Young's modulus of 270 – 950 GPa and tensile strength of 11 63 GPa), because of that, CNTs have been used in reinforcement applications. Nevertheless the restricted thermal stability of CNTs under air or oxidizing atmospheres may limit their application [2]. Aiming to improve tiles mechanical properties, in this work Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) / porcelain stoneware composites are prepared and the microstructure of the obtained materials systematically studied by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM –Hitachi SU70). No studies have been reported before on the use of CNTs as additives for porcelain stoneware. Purified MWCNTs having diameter and length around 10-35 nm and ~10 μm, respectively were used. The MWCNTs tubes (1 wt %) were mixed in the slurry of the porcelain paste by high ultra-sonication to guarantee a uniform dispersion. After drying and pressing, the compacts were sintered in air and nitrogen atmospheres. For comparison purposes samples were prepared with and without CNTs. XRD of composites sinter in air shows the formation of mullite phase, whereas when sintered in nitrogen no mullite phase was observed for samples with and without CNTs. SEM microstructures of the ceramics sintered in air and nitrogen are shown in Fig. 1. The porcelain stoneware sintered in air shows dense microstructure (2.28 g/cm) with some residual porosity (Fig. 1 (a)), whereas when sintering in nitrogen the ceramic almost did not densify (1.82 g/cm) (Fig. 1 (c)). In the case of the composites (with MWCNTS) after sintering in air (Fig. 1 (b)) dense microstructure (2.11 g/cm) where obtained through with a slight increase in the porosity when compared to the previous; this effect might be related to the oxidation of MWCNTs. Differently the composites sintered in nitrogen keep MWCNTs intact and uniformly distributed inside the porcelain (marked in red circle Fig. 1(d)) and show dense microstructures (2.08 g/cm). Fig. 2 (a) shows a magnified view of the composite sintered in nitrogen and the EDS mapping shows the distribution of all the elements in the porcelain stoneware (Fig 2 (b)). Fig. 2(c) illustrates, how MWCNTs bridge crack development during mechanical test. It can be concluded from above microscopy study that MWCNTs can be an effective additive for porcelain stoneware, though the need of a reducing atmosphere may be a concern for the industry. This aspect is under further investigation.


A kinematics model of a ship wake in the presence of surface waves generated by wind is presented. It was found that a stationary wave structure behind a ship covered a wedge region with the angle at the top of the wake and that only divergent waves were present in a ship wake instead of both the longitudinal and cross-waves, which are known as the Kelvin model. Ship motion at some angle to wind waves can cause an essential asymmetry of the wake, compressing its windward half.


An FE study of the behaviour of concrete blocks compressed against rubber sheets was conducted. The results were compared to experimental tests of the same assembly reported in the literature. It was found that tensile stresses developed within the concrete due to non-uniform compression of the rubber and were likely to have been the cause of failure of the concrete except where the rubber sheet was very thin or absent. The effect disappeared if contact between the rubber and concrete was frictionless.


3 P~iNXIONG the more common cutaneous lesions affecting man, A | tlhose most likely to causc serious concern arc certain of the pigmented and vascular nevi. Because of the importance of these particular nevi to individuals of all ,5se5 s ages, regardless of sex or vocation, and because of the responsibility concerning these lesions that must be shouldered by the physician consulted, wvhether general practitioner or specialist, I have chosen to comment briefly on some of the more common misconceptions regarding the management of the more frequently encountered pigmented and vascular nevi. My discussion is based on recent publications prepared with Dr. Alfred A\V. Kopf' and Dr. Rudolf L. Baer-, my colleagues in the Department of Dermatology and Syphilology of the Newv York University Post-Graduate Medical School. I hope that, by discussing w\ilhat I believe to be important "misconceptions", I shall be successful in dispelling some of the errors which have made their way into medical thinking, and as a result of which there may be errors in the management of these lesions. Cutaneous nevi result from prenatal malformations, or, stated another vay, are congenitally determined circumscribed new growths wvhich may be present at birth, may appear shortly thereafter or any time later in life. The latter are referred to as delayed or tardive nevi.


ISSN: 0041-476X E-SSN: 2309-9070 58 imagination of Africana subjectivities that cannot be understood outside the systemic and institutionalized contingencies that it must confront" (50). In this regard, she redefines queerness as being "out of order" in that it cannot be normatively comprehended, nor can it be ordered around. It is a rejection of tradition, oppression, and commandment as seen in the persona of Claas Blank, one of the protagonists in Proteus. Chapter four discusses Karmen Geï, which evokes religious tensions on ideal and non-ideal sexualities in Senegal. It fuses the queer subject together with their postcolonial counterpart as sites of political resistance in their struggle to affirm their contested subjectivities. In her analysis of the church sermon that takes place at the burial of one of the film's protagonists, Angelique, Nyeck asserts that "postcolonial rigid binaries, single stories/visions, and self-images must be examined if meaningful inclusion of all is to take place" (109). Essentially, she establishes that queer negation in Africa is a post/colonial problem of exclusion that needs to be addressed as such. Chapter five concludes the book, and in it, Nyeck contends with positions that challenge her thesis that Africa's interiority is fertile with queer and inclusive imagination. Here, her arguments heavily rely on Eboussi Boulaga's Muntu in Crisis: African Authenticity and Philosophy (2014). In the end, the book is basically an exposition of some of the central debates on queerness in Africa and it forges the trajectory for new perspectives in queer theorizing. However, it should be mentioned that one of the challenges one encounters going through the monograph is that it proves to be a heavy read due to Nyeck's overreliance on multiple theoretical and philosophical positions that have not been adequately watered-down to speak to uncomplicated subjects and audiences. Nevertheless, I would recommend this book to advanced readers eager to explore new ground in African queer theory.


The proper design of asphaltic overlay thicknesses involves four major factors: the in-place modulus of the subgrade, an estimate of the structural capacity of the existing pavement, estimates of the future traffic expressed AS Equivalent axleloads and required or desired design levels, and a thickness design procedure. This paper deals with estimating the in-place subgrade modulus and the remaining load-carrying capacity of the existing pavement. The method presented herein is valid for any road rater or other dynamic tester such as the dynaflect. This procedure was based upon a 600-pound (272.4-kg) peak-to-peak dynamic load applied at a rate of 25 hz. The steady-state deflections have to be adjusted for load, dynamic frequency, and location of sensors. This method should be applied only to those testers that use a constant vibratory load.(a) for the covering abstract of the conference see IRRD 815640.


Women's continued high rate of participation in non-standard employment, especially temporary and part-time jobs, attracts much critical concern. Many social analysts of work regard non-standard employment as heightening risks of economic insecurity, workplace exploitation and social marginalization. Labour economists regard temporary and part-time work as comprising 'secondary'labour markets and workers in this sector as 'secondary earners'.Many analysts consider women's over-representation in this sector to be a consequence of women's exclusion from primary sector employment and its expected better conditions. This article develops an interpretive analysis of a qualitative study of 45 women temporary workers in New Zealand in 2001–2002.The experiences and aspirations with respect to work of this particular sample of women currently engaged in temporary employment relations indicate some divergent trajectories from those more commonly observed. In contrast to most current depictions of women and temporary employment, the findings indicate that some women are striving to practise their own preferential employment arrangements in ways that actively challenge conventional economic assumptions of employment behaviour and traditional trajectories of women's lives.The article proposes that these efforts may indicate alternative oppositional strategies to normative acceptance of qualitatively degraded jobs and employment relations.


In his 2015 Theoria article titled 'A Rejection of Humanism in African Moral Tradition', Motsamai Molefe argues that Kwasi Wiredu's humanistic interpretation of traditional Akan ethics cannot be the best account of African ethics because Wiredu overlooks the significant sentiment in traditional African thought that regards reality as a holistic totality of spiritual, social and environmental components. I point out that Molefe's rejection of Wiredu's humanism follows from the latter's de-emphasising of supernaturalism. I argue that Molefe overlooks the fact that the displacement of God in this humanism is consistent with the limited God sentiment in traditional African thought, which confirms Wiredu's humanistic ethics as one rooted in traditional African worldviews. Adopting the method of philosophical exposition and analysis, I show how Wiredu's limited God framework motivates scepticism about the possibility of a supernaturalist ethics and renders a humanistic orientation a more attractive account of African moral tradition.


Starting with the Newton-Gregory extrapolation formula, a simple expression is found for the transfer function of the k th-order polynomial extrapolator used in sampled-data control systems.


The Monte-Carlo simulation of electron transport in GaAs-in-Al2O3 quantum wire transistor structure is performed with account of electron scattering by the localized acoustic and polar optical phonons and surface roughness. The dependencies of electron drift velocity on the longitudinal electric field strength at 77 and 300 K are calculated. The possibility of electron drift velocity control via the variation of the gate potentials leading to change in electron scattering rates is investigated.


An account of how the digital collection of Kapio newspapers was established, including discussion of ownership of original materials, conservation work on the original materials, metadata assignment, document creation, licensing, and other aspects of the project.


Objective To explore the relationship between Ampc and the time of using antibiotics,to monitor the distribution patterns and positive rate of the H-Ampc isolates in the First People's Hospital of Changde,and to select antibiotics correctly according to the results.Methods Modified three dimensional test and screening test were used to detect Ampc β-lactamase producing by Gram-negative bacilli.The using time and the types of antibiotics were retrospectively compared in every patient.The distribution of Gram-negative bacilli with high Ampc in all the departments of the hospital was statistically analyzed.Results The total positive rate of Ampc enzyme producing by Gram-negative bacilli was 15.1%.The total positive rate of Ampc enzyme in Enterobacter cloacae,Pseudomonas aerusinosa,Acinetobacter baumanii,and Escherichia coli was 20.5%,63.0%,4.8%,and 1.0%,respectively.Statisticsed the third generational β-lactam antibiotics using time between H-Ampc and N-HAmpc,the former was (7.72±1.57) days,and the latter was (2.91±0.5) days.Gram-negative bacilli with H-Ampc were mainly distributed in ICU (19.5%),department of surgery (14.4%),department of hematology and oncology (14.3%),and department of respiratory disease (10.2%).Conclusions H-Ampc producing by Gram-negative bacilli is related to the using time and the types of antibiotics.The total positive rate of H-Ampc producing by Gram-negative bacilli in our hospital is significantly higher than the average level of the whole nation.Longtime and unreasonable use of the third generational β-lactam antibiotics is the main cause of H-Ampc producing by Gram-negative bacilli.It has great reference value for the clinicians' rational use of antibiotics.


Albert Camus' The Plague articulates a new aesthetic of existence that resists biopolitical normalization. It means cultivating one's self and not attempting to discover an authentic and hidden self because it entails a continual process of becoming.  The sudden eruption of plague in Oran, signifies a rupture in history of its people as the "bored populace is consumed by commercial habits aimed at making money". In The Plague, if some people become more self-centred and insensitive, characters such as Rieux, Rambert, Peneloux and Joseph Grand show concern for the suffering people and stand in solidarity with them. Their characterization as ordinary individuals who assume responsibility for others' existence in times of disaster reflects Camus' hermeneutic of care of the self as an ethical project.  Camus aptly asserts that "ordinary acts of courage and kindness are more helpful than the illusion of superheroes". Deriving a cue from Foucault, Heidegger and Levinas, the paper attempts to explore how care of the self is intertwined with ethics and politics. It is argued that without spiritual discipline and caring for others, the ethical transformation of self cannot take place. It indicates fashioning of the self more freely and self-reflexively and thus speaking truth to power and sacrificing for others. The paper examines this poetics of self which shares an ethical relationship with truth, freedom and kindness.


The "Renaissance concept of space" harbors surely some definite bonuses for anybody embarking on a study of the inventive role that philosophy has had, in its happiest moments of life, for human cognition. First, the new suppositions related to physical space emerge in the renaissance as derivative from the theological-philosophical assumptions of the era: what renaissance space is can be enunciated quite convincingly on the basis of the intellectual collisions that the era was allotted to deal with. thus, as a re-generator of classical culture, the renaissance had to a degree dug up the finite substructure of ancient thinking; however, as an inheritor of the Middle Ages, it had been requested to square finitism with transcendency. Second, much of what we can today fit under Renaissance space is in fact delivered to us in the artistic form of painting, which means that, in addition to the challenge set by philosophy to the spatial knowledge of the era, there was postulated as well a mediatory agency of art in the realization and conveyance of this new knowledge. Thus we can suppose that the solution offered by Renaissance art to the problem of space on its fictional plane comprised the germ of some modern knowledge about space in reality.


Introduction: Flow phase with high cardiac output and increased metabolic conditions. When metabolic conditions are not stable there will be a long duration of complications until death. One of the benefits of Nutrition Risk Screening (NRS-2002) is reliable inpatient care for critical patients. While the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) shows speed in the classification of nutritional disorders. Methods: This study used the observational design method. The sampling technique in this study used Consecutive sampling in accordance with the criteria consisting of 31 respondents. This was to determine the specificity and sensitivity values of NRS 2002 and MUST using contingency table analysis and for the Area Under Curve (AUC) using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results: The sensitivity values in MUST was predicted for metabolic conditions which was higher than when using NRS 2002, but the specificity and value of AUC (Area Under Curve) was higher using NRS 2002 than using MUST when it came to predicting metabolic conditions. Conclusions: There were differences in effectiveness between use of Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS-2002) with the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) in relation to changes in metabolic conditions of trauma patients. NRS-2002 is more effective than MUST. NRS 2002 has the ability to identify patients more precisely who are likely to have a negative outcome.


Vancouver's Olympic decade began when the BC Liberals were elected to government in May 2001. Their campaign pledges contained a number of positive assertions concerning both the 2010 Olympics and the professional arts community. The new government promised to support BC's bid to host the 2010 Olympics and to increase funding for the BC Arts Council to promote and support BC arts, music, artists, and culture. This article examines how Vancouver's, and wider BC's, professional arts community fared during the Olympic decade, both in the run up and immediate aftermath.


This study aims to address the interaction experience and behavior between participants and the artwork in interactive installation. In the study, an interactive installation, named as Mechanical Neurons, was developed and designed to interpret the process of human memory (from eyes to visual cortex), on the other hand, the image shown on the installation is composed of curve as if 2-dimensional texture of neurons of the human brain. Feedbacks from participants show that people were highly attracted by the visual effect, and were willing to show their interests and interact with the installation.


K-OMS-2 (non-modified sample) and Ce-modified OMS-2 with different Ce-loading amounts were prepared by the refluxed method. The cryptomelane structure and elemental composition of synthesized samples were characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), respectively. ICP-MS analysis revealed ~0.06 – 0.11 of K/Mn molar ratio and the Ce-loading amounts increased from 0 to —11.27 wt.% under increasing Ce-precursor concentration. Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa was evaluated by the agar well diffusion method. The antibacterial ability against Pseudomonas aeruginosa was not recorded over K-OMS-2 (Ce0; 4.5 wt.% of K; 0 wt.% of Ce) and Ce3 (0.89 wt.% of K; 11.27 wt.% of Ce) samples while Ce2 sample (1.89 wt.% of K; 8.7 wt.% of Ce) showed a comparable antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa with ~12 mm of inhibition-zone diameter. This suggested the potentiality of using metal-modified cryptomelane in acceleration of antimicrobial ability.


The study on attitudes towards learning has a long tradition in mathematics education. While attitude as a construct has been investigated from different aspects, the researchers recognized that attitude encompasses many other related factors. This paper describes the affective factors that form attitudes and their important role in mathematics achievement. The affective factors identified in this study are students liking, value and confident in learning mathematics. The 20-item self-report survey adapted from TIMSS 2011 context questionnaire was translated into Arabic and administered to 387 students in schools in a Gulf state. The data was analyzed with structural equation modeling software. The results show that affective factors significantly and positively influence students' mathematics achievement in this context.


Yalcin is sympathetic to the notion that the Oliy Mujlis (Parliament) is not yet mature enough to acquire significant legislative powers, yet ironically he is strongest when discussing the flowering of civil society and vibrant political discourse around the time of the Russian Revolution. Discussion of foreign policy is largely restricted to a recitation of co-operation agreements and protocols, most of which remain unfulfilled, whilst analysis of Uzbekistan's expanding regional profile, and the consequent unease felt by its close neighbours over unilateral border demarcations and the tactical responses to Islamist militancy, is sadly absent. President Karimov is variously described as a "champion of peace in the region" and "the man who can introduce democratic values in Uzbekistan", statements that say more about the author's perspectives than the subject's actions.