Interleukin‐12 (IL‐12) and IL‐4 are known to differentially promote T helper (Th) cell differentiation. While IL‐12 induces interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ) production and maturation of Th1 cells, IL‐4 is thought to antagonize IL‐12 and to favour Th2 development. Here we studied the combined action of various concentrations of common γ‐chain (γc‐chain) cytokines, including IL‐4 and the Th1 cytokine IL‐12, in human activated lymphoblasts and Th1 cells. IL‐4 and IL‐7 potentiated IL‐12‐induced proliferation at every concentration tested (1–10 ng/ml) without increasing rescue from apoptosis, indicating that proliferation was directly affected by these cytokine combinations. With regards to cytokine secretion, IL‐2 together with IL‐12 initiated tumour necrosis factor‐α synthesis, enhanced IFN‐γ production, and shedding of soluble IL‐2 receptor α as expected. Importantly, combining IL‐4 with IL‐12 also enhanced IFN‐γ secretion in lymphoblasts and a Th1 cell line. Investigating signal transduction in lymphoblasts induced by these cytokines, we found that not only IL‐2 but also IL‐4 enhances signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) tyrosine phosphorylation by IL‐12. Tyrosine phosphorylations of janus kinase 2 (JAK‐2), tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2), extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) and STAT4, STAT5 and STAT6 were not potentiated by combinations of these cytokines, suggesting specificity for increased STAT3 phosphorylation. In conclusion, two otherwise antagonizing cytokines co‐operate in activated human lymphoblasts and Th1 cells, possibly via STAT3 as a converging signal. These data demonstrate that IL‐4 can directly enhance human Th1 cell function independently of its known actions on antigen‐presenting cells. These findings should be of importance for the design of cytokine‐targeted therapies of human Th‐cell‐driven diseases.


The present paper is a modest attempt to develop an awareness and insight to Socio -Economic study of the various social, cultural, and economic aspects of the population residing at "Chipyana Buzurg" village. Various types of data have been used as per the requirement of the objectives of the study. Our study aims at understanding the demographic characteristics of the Village, to understand the social structure in terms of Caste and Religion, to analyse the Socio Economic Development of the Village and to explore the basic amenities available in the village. This study will be highly important for analysing the socio-economic condition of the rural areas and put forward the suggestions for the steps to be taken in order to solve the problems prevailing in the rural areas and to bring about the economic development.


ABSTRACT In this article, a new energy efficient level shifter circuit is described for robust sub-threshold to above-threshold voltage conversion. The design is based on a modification of the Wilson current mirror that minimizes the static current and improves the energy efficiency. The proposed level shifter is capable of converting a 200 mV signal into a 1 V signal and operates correctly across process corners. At the design target ( 200 mV, input signal frequency = 1 MHz), the proposed level shifter exhibits a propagation delay of 20.17 ns, a static power dissipation of 11.07 nW, and the total energy per transition of 113.2 fJ. We compare our results with the design proposed by Lutkemeier and Ruckert (2010). At the design target, the energy delay product of our design is 81.53% that of the reference design and, over all the voltage range of from 160 mV to 1 V, the proposed circuit shows an average energy reduction of 14.71% compared to the reference design. Thorough variability analysis was performed using HSPICE Monte Carlo simulations for different values of , which reveals the robustness of the proposed design.


The radiative lifetimes and rate coefficients for deactivation of high lying 6~1∑~+ state of NaK by collisions with H_2 were studied.An OPO laser was set to a particular 2~1∑~+←1~1∑~+ transition.Another single mode Ti sapphire laser was then used to excite molecule from 2~1∑~+ level to the 6~1∑~+ state.The predissociation was monitored by the atomic potassium emission at the3D→4P(1.7μm) or the S→4P(1.24 μm),while bound state radiative processes were monitored by total fluorescence from the upper state to the various levels,all studied as a function of H_2 density.The values for predissociation,collisional dissociation and collisional depopulation rate coefficients were obtained.The decay signal of the time resolved fluorescence from the 6~1∑~+→2~1∑~+,6~1∑~+→1~1∑~+ or 2~1∑~+→1~1∑~+ transition was monitored.Based on the Stern-Volmer equation,the radiative lifetimes were monitored for 6~1∑~+→2~1∑~+ and 2~1∑~+→1~1∑~+ transitioa The rate coefficients for deactivation of collisions with H_2 were monitored for 6~1∑~+→2~1∑~+,6~1∑~+→1~1∑~+ and 2~1∑~+→1~1∑~+.When the density of H_2 was 10~(19) cm~(-3),the total collisional transfer energy(15 426 cm~(-1)) and radiative energy(10 215 cm~(-1)) were obtained.The relative fraction(f_v,f_R),f_τ) of average energy disposal was derived as(0.58,0.03,0.39);f_v,f_R,f_τ represent separately the relative fraction of average energy disposal among vibration,rotation and translatioa The major vibrational and translational energy release supports the assumption that the 6~1∑~+-H_2 collision occurs primarily in a collisional energy transfer mechanism.In this experiment,alkali molecules relative energy population ratio was determined through using the time integrated intensity,so we can get the total transfer energy.That the NaK(6~1∑~+) energy transfers to the H_2 vibrational,rotational and translational energy was quantitatively given for the first time,which illustrates the collisional mechanism.


I would like to open up the issue of who the 'we' is in contemporary art by broadly outlining issues of inequality based on a (violent)  misunderstanding of 'cultural diversity' that still pervades UK culture. On the one hand we have Peter Bazalgette (Chair of the ACE) making standard policy claims for a generalised spread of funds for 'diversity', on the other we lose (or about to lose) spaces for a more complex, Stuart Hall-like approach to issues of race and identity. This is done within the framework of the rise of UKIP and its dangerous rhetoric of reasonableness, the marketisation of the arts and its embedded meritocracy (I will use Paul Gilroy here). Of course the issue of Iniva is contradictory, as it has also been 'dumbed down' through processes of curatorial and funding bureaucracy over the last 10 years, not withstanding some important projects that have occurred within it). Since we are the first panel my aim would be to locate the debate in the UK context and be quite pragmatic.


The lengthof coastline ofJiangsu Province is measured on1∶50000map usingdifferentdividers.The fractal dimensions of the coastline are calculated and the relationship between the whole fractal dimensions and ave discussed.It shows that the fractal dimensionofthe whole coastline ofJiangsu Province is1.0962,the value offractal dimensionincreases fromthe northto the south,and the whole fractal dimension is in the range ofthose ofthe parts.


First and second floor plans for a business building commissioned by the Abilene Printing Company in Abilene, Texas. They include labeled numbers, measurements, detailed boundary lines, and a separate door & window schedule.


We present the first comparison between properties of clusters of galaxies detected by the eROSITA Final Equatorial-Depth Survey (eFEDS) and the XMM Cluster Survey (XCS). We have compared, in an ensemble fashion, properties from the eFEDS X-ray cluster catalogue with those from the Ultimate XMM eXtragaLactic (XXL) survey project (XXL-100-GC). We find the redshift and temperature (TX) distributions to be similar, with a larger proportion of clusters above 4 keV in the XXL-100-GC sample; fractional temperature uncertainties are significantly larger in eFEDS compared to XXL. We find 62 eFEDS cluster candidates with XMM data (eFEDS-XMM sample); 10 do not have good enough XMM data to confirm or deny, 11 are classed as sample contaminants, and 4 have their X-ray flux contaminated by another source. The majority of eFEDS-XMM sources have longer XMM exposures than eFEDS, and most eFEDS positions are within 100 kpc of XCS positions. Our eFEDS-XCS sample of 37 clusters is used to calculate minimum sample contamination fractions of ∼18 per cent and ∼9 per cent in the eFEDS X-ray and optically confirmed samples respectively, in general agreement with eFEDS findings. We directly compare 29 X-ray luminosities (LX) measured by eFEDS and XCS, finding excellent agreement. Eight clusters have a TX measured by XCS and eFEDS, and we find that XMM temperatures are 25±9 per cent larger than their eROSITA counterparts. Finally, we construct LX - TX scaling relations based on eFEDS and XCS measurements, which are in tension; the tension is decreased when we measure a third scaling relation with calibrated XCS temperatures.


The reliability and lifetime of a transformer depends on the quality of oil or epoxy insulation used in the transformer and attached accessories such as bushings. This paper presents selected aspects of the numerical analyses of transformers and transformer components with epoxy resin solid insulation. Reliability, durability and dielectric properties of the epoxy insulation depend strongly on the quality of a manufacturing process. For example, the residual stresses may be minimized by selecting the right process parameters. Computer simulations of the casting and curing process of high voltage coils of a dry transformer are applied for that purpose. Similar analyses are also possible for high voltage Resin Impregnated Paper (RIP) bushings. In this case computer simulations are also used for modeling the complex vacuum drying process, which is necessary to assure the high quality and reliability of the final product. A transformer and its components may be exposed to various environmental conditions during operation and even very extreme ones (e.g. large changes of the ambient temperature) should be taken into account during the design process. The computer simulations allow verification of a mechanical design of the dry transformer winding which is exposed to a thermal shock. The other example is evaluation of the mechanical resistance to seismic loads. Numerical analyses allow preliminary validation of the design of oil and dry transformers as well as bushings, which are expected to work in the area of earthquakes risk. By their application the design time and testing costs are much reduced.


Implementation of provincial government directly-governing county financial system is a major adjustment of local intergovernmental fiscal relations and the expansion of county-level financial autonomy depends on the division of fiscal authority and duty between local governments.The running result of Henan provincial government directly-governing county is unsatisfactory,financial self-supplying capacity and the proportion of per capita fiscal revenue of the first-round of five pilot counties of Henan Province to per capita county-level fiscal revenue of all province are still that strong counties are more strong but the weak counties are weaker,which is related to the implementation of reform strategy with "maintaining the stock and adjusting increment" for protecting vested interest in the transitory process of county-level financial system of Henan Province.The enlargement of county-level financial autonomous right should redefine revenue and expenditure scope between county-level finance and provincial finance according to the relationship between provincial finance and county(or city) finance and set up provincial incentive transfer payment system for all counties.


An object of the present invention is to provide a plasma display panel and a driving method so as not to get rid of the unwanted discharge does not occur a malfunction that may occur in the reset operation. To this end, the invention provides a method of driving a plasma display panel that includes the X electrodes, Y electrodes, and address electrodes, comprising a plurality of sub-field frame for time-division gray-scale display as a display period, and the respective subfields It is divided into a reset period, an address period and a holding period, wherein the reset period of each subfield is an auxiliary to be applied to the main reset period, and the Y electrodes to apply the rising pulse and the falling pulse to the Y electrodes a rising pulse or a falling pulse and any one of the reset period, the main reset period is then raised to the first pulse period, and a third voltage and then rises to the Y electrodes to a first voltage applied to a pulse which falls to a second voltage pulse to be lowered to the fourth voltage to provide a method of driving a plasma display panel including a second pulse period to be applied.


Fuzzy dark matter (FDM) is a well motivated candidate for dark matter (DM) as its tiny mass and large de-Broglie wavelength suppress small-scale matter fluctuations, thereby solving some of the small-scale discrepancies in ΛCDM. Although it has been ruled out as the single component of DM by several observables, there is still a region in the FDM parameter space (the "FDM window", 10 − 25 eV (cid:46) m FDM (cid:46) 10 − 23 eV) where FDM is allowed to comprise a large portion of the total DM. In this work, for the first time, we study the signature of FDM (comprised of ultra-light axions) in fractions less than unity on the 21cm signal and its detectability by 21cm interferometers such as HERA, taking into account the degeneracy with both astrophysical and cosmological parameters, using a new pipeline that combines modified versions of the CAMB and 21cmFAST codes. Our forecasts imply that HERA in its design performance will be sensitive to FDM fractions as small as 1% in the FDM window, and improve over existing bounds for other masses by up to an order of magnitude. the models of DM is ultra-light


This paper studies the thought of Bello and of Lastarria as to the place of the Mapuche people in the emerging Chilean Republic and permits us to travel towards the literary origins of our contradictory cultural identity: the symbolic inclusion in and the concrete exclusion of the Mapuches from Chilean society.


This paper deals with the results of a study of accuracy of court interpreting. It focused on omissions in the messages conveyed from the source language to the target language. The aim of the research was to find the factors that affect the accuracy of interpretation. Therefore, as the main hypothesis, I tested whether the length of interpreting sequences affects accuracy in such a way that the lengthening of the interpreted speech segment causes a decline in accuracy. Empirical analysis of the data showed that the length of the interpreting sequence impacts accuracy in such a way that the interpreters first omit modality markers or detailed and repetitive information whilst at the same time making efforts to convey the key information accurately. The amount of omissions reached an alarmingly significant level in interpretations of 17-22-word segments.


People with schizophrenia display significantly higher rates of smoking than the general population, which may be due to an interaction between nicotine and antipsychotic medication. While the conventional antipsychotic drug haloperidol sometimes increases cigarette smoking in patients with schizophrenia, there is some evidence suggesting that clozapine, an atypical antipsychotic drug, may reduce nicotine use in these patients. However, the effects of antipsychotic drugs like clozapine on aspects of nicotine self‐administration and reinstatement have not been systematically examined. In the current study, we assessed the effect of clozapine on nicotine self‐administration under fixed ratio and progressive ratio schedules of reinforcement, as well as reinstatement of nicotine‐seeking following a period of abstinence. To determine the specificity of its effect on nicotine reward, we also tested the effect of clozapine on responding for food reinforcement under fixed ratio and progressive ratio schedules. For comparison, we also examined the effects of haloperidol, a first‐generation antipsychotic drug, under some of the same behavioral conditions as clozapine. We show that clozapine inhibits nicotine self‐administration and reinstatement of nicotine‐seeking but also increases the amount of effort that rats will exert for food reward. In contrast, haloperidol at a wide range of doses attenuated responding for nicotine and food reward, suggestive of a non‐specific reduction in reinforcer efficacy. These results show the potential utility of clozapine as a smoking cessation treatment for patients with schizophrenia, in addition to its antipsychotic properties.


The author describes the General Archive of Mexico in Mexico City and a historical association in Le Pecq, France. Also included on this page: Research Directions, the research interests of Laffite Society members.


(1981). Computer Science, Mathematics, and the Undergraduate Curricula in Both. The American Mathematical Monthly: Vol. 88, No. 7, pp. 472-485.


This paper analyzes the present situation of land resource damage caused by the mineral development, points out the problems existing in the land reclamation in aspects of the policy, economy, and technology, etc., and puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions for the reclamation of the mine land.


The aim of this study is to outline the structure of a possible grammar of Oscar Niemeyer's architectural language, focusing on the so-called "free forms." The idea is to assess the extent to which it is possible to shed some light on the discussion of architectural freedom as used by many authors when describing the work of the Brazilian architect. The investigation associates geometric relations present in Niemeyer's buildings to the Shape Grammar model as proposed by Stiny & Gips (1975). The model made possible the depiction of consistencies in vocabulary, rules and operations deployed by Niemeyer. This eventually led to the description of an original architectural language present in Niemeyer's buildings. INTRODUCTION Buildings designed by the Brazilian architect Oscar Niemeyer are often linked to physical or historical contexts in which they emerged. At the same time, descriptions based on compositional or morphological aspects usually lead to the idea of free forms, accentuating the random or the original aspects of Niemeyer's architecture. Assuming that the so called "free form" is most acknowledged characteristic of his buildings, this research aims at the description of a possible generative structure for Niemeyer's work, focusing on the so-called free forms. The description of this generative process constitutes an unexplored knowledge of Niemeyer's architecture. FREE FORMS Between the forties and the sixties, Brazilian Modern Architecture was worldwide acknowledged for the development of an original architectural language characterized by a set of stylistic features. These features were usually related to inverted gable roofs, parabolic vaults, and sunshine devices such as the projection outward roof slabs, egg-crate sunshade and sunscreens. One of the most prominent features of this architecture is related to the use of curved lines: the so-called Free forms. The consistent use of these elements may well serve as an evidence for a virtual school of thought, led by Oscar Niemeyer. One might well say that he stood behind the formulation of one of the basic stylistic features of the Brazilian Modern Architecture, i.e. the use of non orthogonal shapes. The denomination free form is used in a generic way by different authors to designate non orthogonal shapes, recurrent in Niemeyer's architecture, hardly starting from a catalog of known shapes or pure shapes. However, some important issues may arise from this simplification: the description based on the free form concept is not capable to depict the specific universe of Niemeyer's free forms. Generalizing Niemeyer's forms as free forms, the approach fails to identify what is singular in Niemeyer's work. Second, it refers to the contradiction between the randomness and free expression associated to the term free form and an eventual formal identity present in buildings designed by Niemeyer. It is precisely this identity that leads to the characterization of a Niemeyer's architectural language.In other words, to recognize a building designed by Niemeyer among a collection of buildings designed by other architects. The characterization of a style or architectural language will enable the clarification of "(...) the underlying commonality of structure and appearance manifest for the buildings in the corpus (...)" 1. This clarity is possible through the analysis of the grammatical structure of a language that allows the identification of patterns beyond visible similarities. The existence of an architectural language implies the presence of patterns and possible mechanisms of shape control not referred by the existing literature on Niemeyer. One of the paradigms of Niemeyer's language the almost limitless plastic freedom 2 is associated to the curve: "I am in favor of an almost limitless plastic freedom (...) as the different ideas go Rosirene Mayer/Benamy Turkienicz: Generative Processes in Oscar Niemeyer's Style


Striatal Circuit and Microcircuit Mechanisms for Habitual Behavior by Justin K. O'Hare Department of Neurobiology Duke University Date:_______________________ Approved: ___________________________ Nicole Calakos, Supervisor ___________________________ Anne West ___________________________ Richard Mooney ___________________________ Fan Wang An abstract of a dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Neurobiology in the Graduate School of Duke University


Sreten Adžic's (1856-1933) pedagogical ideas are here discussed through the issues the eminent pedagogue dealt with: the theoretical background of pedagogy, understanding pedagogy possibilities and aims of education, the teacher, the school, the teaching. In addition, the author brings the chronology of some more important data from Sreten Adžic's life and work, an appendix to the bibliography of his published works, as well as the list of his unpublished manuscripts.


The aim of this study was to investigate the associations of body weight change (BWC) and body weight variability (BWV) with changes in cognitive function.


A look at both the reported decline in the share of nonfinancial-sector credit intermediated by banks and the consolidation of the industry into fewer, but larger, institutions, revealing that banks today account for nearly the same share of outstanding household and nonfinancial business-sector debt as they did 30 years ago.


Introduction: Adults with single ventricle physiology palliated with a Fontan circulation experience high morbidity and mortality due to circulatory failure. Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone (RAAS) ge...


Capsaicin, a constituent of peppers, has been linked to the suppression of tumorigenesis and carcinogenesis. The influence of capsaicin on cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A1, which is involved in metabolism of carcinogens, and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we examined the effect of capsaicin on CYP1A1 expression in mouse hepatoma cells.


A brief description of the south german historic town of constance on the lake of constance, and review of the various approaches towards an inventory and documentation of its architectural heritage: methods of listing, survey, cartography at the end of the 19th century, in the 1960s and the 1980s. 18 photographs and plans.


We consider the evolution of the Victorian era fairy painting to the art of the twentieth century. The aim of the study is to interpret fairytale stories and characters embodied in the paintings and book illustrations. According to the author, these changes have affected not only painting itself, but also the personalities of the artists


By analyzing the development and achievement of Contemporary Chinese Landscape Oil Paintings,this paper explores how Chinese oil painting shapes its own esthetic features in the course of using for reference and Absorbing from the characteristics of foreign culture and how it possess the esthetic spirit of Chinese traditional culture,that is,the unity of nature,landscape and human being,which is the passion to nature and it can be traced back to our ancient culture.Meanwhile,this essay attempts to reveal how contemporary landscape oil painting develops its aesthetic characteristics by incorporating the landscape spirit from traditional Chinese culture.


In April 2013, Federal Law on the Contract System in the Sphere of Procurement of Goods, Jobs and Services for State and Municipal Needs was approved.


The observations of some real time series such as temperature and stock market can take different values in a day. Instead of representing the observations of these time series by real numbers, employing linguistic values or fuzzy sets can be more appropriate. In recent years, many approaches have been introduced to analyze time series consisting of observations which are fuzzy sets and such time series are called fuzzy time series. In this study, a novel approach is proposed to analyze high order fuzzy time series model. The proposed method is applied to IMKB data and the obtained results are discussed. IMKB data is also analyzed by using some other fuzzy time series methods available in the literature and obtained results are compared to results obtained from the proposed method. As a result of the comparison, it is seen that the proposed method produce accurate forecasts.


The paper proposes the new criterion of spatial resolution of an imaging system. This criterion considers shape and dimensions of a central peak and side lobes of a point spread function, standard deviation of noise. As a result, it helps to reach the optimal balance between the characteristics of a central peak, side lobes and noise. It differs from the widely known full width at half maximum and Sparrow criterion that mainly consider only characteristics of the central peak. There are discussed the digital filter optimal according to the proposed criterion and the limitations in maximization of spatial resolution of imaging systems.


Requiring a high number of power switches and their rating are the main limitations of multilevel converters in medium-voltage applications. The main objective of this paper is, introduce a reduced asymmetric basic module (RABM) for cascaded multilevel converters that require a less number of power switches and a lower total blocking voltage value in competition with other multilevel converter topologies. The proposed module comprises eight half-bridge converters that are connected in different ways to generate 63-level. The comparison results among the proposed module and other multilevel converters show that proposed module can generate a large number of levels with keeping constant the number of power switches. The simulation outcomes confirm the performance of the proposed module in both symmetric and asymmetric operation modes.


The article investigates the problem of multicriterional selection of the type of signal-code construction, i.e. the type of serrated noise-like signal for the satellite noise-resistant asynchronous information-carrying transmission system (AITS) and microelectronic devices, their optimal processing taking into account the set of requirements to AITS. The account of the basic indicators of AITS quality which are necessary for taking into account at a choice of type of a difficult signal (DiS) and structural schemes of their optimum processing is proved.


A number of devices rely on epitaxially grown germanium on silicon, including photodetectors, Stark modulators and lasers. There is a 4.2\% lattice mismatch between these materials, hence germanium grown epitaxially on silicon will contain defects within some distance from the interface. Line defects are either misfit dislocations - lines of dangling bonds where a mismatched plane terminates parallel to the heterointerface - or threading dislocations which occur where the side edges of the misfit dislocation terminate and usually glide along the (111) plane. Defect structures create `trap states'- allowed energy states within the forbidden band gap. Traps may act as recombination centres, inhibit transport over the interface, limit the repetition rate of devices such as photodetectors, and may contribute to noise currents from detrapping of carriers outside the normal operating regime of a device. Density functional theory (DFT) offers one means of characterising the electronic structure of defects and hence the available states for carrier recombination and transport. METHOD The CASTEP code is used to calculate the electronic bandstructure for silicon, germanium, and epitaxial interfaces of these materials, both for pure bulk and for cells containing extended misfit dislocations. First-principles calculations impose practical limits to the number of atoms which may be simulated, however CASTEP relies on periodic boundary conditions, hence a misfit placed within a limited-size supercell will be replicated across the structure, and one challenge is to ensure that calculated electronic states due to a dislocation are not unduly influenced by an adjacent periodic dislocation. In order to increase the spatial separation of dislocations while retaining practical numbers of atoms for simulation, a rhombohedral cell of germanium was used, in which the dislocation propagates along the [100] direction. The dislocation was placed centrally to offset the effect of adjacent cells. In this orientation, a supercell one unit cell deep in the plane of the dislocation may be created, allowing greater spatial separation in the remaining dimensions. The electronic bandstructure for bulk germanium using the primitive unit cell was been calculated using the CASTEP code, applying a library norm-conserving pseudopotential and using the PW91 exchange-correlation functional. This calculation has been repeated using 6x4x1 and 12x8x1 rhombohedral cells, both for pure bulk material and for cells containing a single extensive misfit dislocation. Comparison of these electronic structures allows identification of electronic states due to extended misfit dislocations in germanium. DISCUSSION For a supercell constructed of multiple primitive cells the effective Brillouin zone represents only a portion of the Brillioun zone of the primitive cell, and band folding is observed at the zone edge. A number of additional energy states are observed in the bandgap relative to the electronic structure for bulk material.


Cardiac myxoma is the most common benign tumor of the heart. However, low incidence of recurrence and metastasis has been reported. A 49-year-old female patient was admitted in the hospital due to sudden onset of left side weakness. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of brain showed multifocal areas of diffusion restriction on diffusion weighted images. Echocardiography was performed to evaluate the cause of embolic brain infarction and cardiac myxoma was found in the left atrium. The patient underwent complete excision of the mass. One year later, the patient was readmitted with symptoms of dysarthria. Brain MRI showed newly developed multiple hemorrhagic metastatic lesions. The patient underwent radiotherapy of the metastatic lesions. Although rare, cardiac myxoma can cause delayed metastasis. We report a rare case of delayed multiple cerebral metastases from the completely resected cardiac myxoma.


Scientific literature ranking is essential to help researchers find valuable publications from a large literature collection. Recently, with the prevalence of webpage ranking algorithms such as PageRank and HITS, graph-based algorithms have been widely used to iteratively rank papers and researchers through the networks formed by citation and coauthor relationships. However, existing graph-based ranking algorithms mostly focus on ranking the current importance of literature. For researchers who enter an emerging research area, they might be more interested in new papers and young researchers that are likely to become influential in the future, since such papers and researchers are more helpful in letting them quickly catch up on the most recent advances and find valuable research directions. Meanwhile, although some works have been proposed to rank the prestige of a certain type of objects with the help of multiple networks formed of multiobjects, there still lacks a unified framework to rank multiple types of objects in the bibliographic network simultaneously. In this article, we propose a unified ranking framework MRCoRank to corank the future popularity of four types of objects: papers, authors, terms, and venues through mutual reinforcement. Specifically, because the citation data of new publications are sparse and not efficient to characterize their innovativeness, we make the first attempt to extract the text features to help characterize innovative papers and authors. With the observation that the current trend is more indicative of the future trend of citation and coauthor relationships, we then construct time-aware weighted graphs to quantify the importance of links established at different times on both citation and coauthor graphs. By leveraging both the constructed text features and time-aware graphs, we finally fuse the rich information in a mutual reinforcement ranking framework to rank the future importance of multiobjects simultaneously. We evaluate the proposed model through extensive experiments on the ArnetMiner dataset containing more than 1,500,000 papers. Experimental results verify the effectiveness of MRCoRank in coranking the future influence of multiobjects in a bibliographic network.


Pierre Mounier presents OPERAS, the European research infrastructure dedicated to open scholarly communication in the social sciences and humanities. With 10 core and a further 40+ member institutions from 16 different countries, its aim is to share knowledge between stakeholders across Europe. As a distributed infrastructure, OPERAS consists of a number of multinational Special Interest Groups that work on specific topics with the aim of developing services and conducting projects at a European level. Ranging from technical service providers and libraries through university presses and learned societies to entire research institutes and universities, OPERAS brings together a variety of stakeholders that work collectively to promote open dissemination of research-based knowledge about society and culture. All interest groups are convened twice a year for an "assembly of the commons"; further coordinating and strategic tasks are taken care of by an Executive Committee and a General Assembly. All member organisations are required to work for open access. Individuals that want to contribute are encouraged to check whether there are any member institutions in their country; in case not, they can always contact one of the coordinators (Pierre Mounier or Suzanne Dumouchel) or another member of the Executive Committee directly.
Recording made in conjunction with the 17th Munin Conference on Scholarly Publishing. First published online: December 27, 2022.


Let C be a nonempty weakly compact convex subset of a Banach space X, and T : C →C a mapping of asymptotically nonexpansive type. Then there hold the following conclusions: (i) if X has uniform normal structure and limsup |||TjN||| N(X)~1/(N(X)) , where
|||TjN||| is the exact Lipschitz constant of TjN , N is some positive integer, and N(X) is the normal structure coefficient of X, then T has a fixed point; (ii) if X is uniformly convex in every direction and has weak uniform normal structure, then T has a fixed point.


The purpose of this research has been a retrospective analysis of the dermatitis produced by mites and fungus in canine patients that arrived to the Hospital Docente Veterinario "Dr. Cesar Augusto Guerrero" of the Universidad Nacional of Loja during the 2012-2015 period. This research was carried out with the information obtained from the records of the clinic histories in the hospital. The information was categorized and analyzed taking into account the following variables: age, race, sex, anatomic region, and presumed diagnosis. The study was carried out on 204 cases which were divided into different groups according to the dermatitis they presented, with the objective of obtaining the possible causes of such pathologies. With relation to the age, young patients were more affected. In relation to race, the most affected one was Poodle 11% (23 dogs), followed by Schnauzer 7% (14 dogs) as well as Bulldog, Pit Bull 6% (12 dogs), Peskiness 5% (10 dogs), and 50 cases were mestizo patients, that is, 25%. In relation to sex, male patients were mostly affected 58% (118 dogs). The anatomic region mostly injured was the cervical scalp 44% (90 dogs), followed by the caudal zone 31% (65 dogs), the generalized 13% (30 dogs), the thoracic one 7% (10 dogs), and the medium abdominal 5% (9 dogs). The most frequently diagnosed dermatitis was demodicosis which affected 76.9% (157 dogs), demodicosis plus malassezia 15% (31 dogs), demodicosis plus dermatophytosis 1.9% (4 dogs), and demodicosis plus sarcoptic scab, demodicosis plus mucormycosis, sarcoptic scab, and malassezia 0.9% each (2 dogs).

Key Words: retrospective analysis, canines, dermatitis, demodicosis, sarcoptic scab, mites, fungus.


O me, the most obvious difference between United States rb ~ and British hospitals is not the grandeur of the former T; ? 2 2 and the shabby gentility of the latter. Rather it is the size of their respective business offices. It would be easy p 9 to overlook that office in Britain; in the United States, L #*n.9 as one octogenarian described the scene to me, "The women were wrapped in paper." My husband and I are both physicians working in the broad field of public health and medical care organization. We live in a small town with a much greater than average number of doctors for the size of its population, and a large teaching hospital with more than an average number of hospital beds. Ten miles away is a larger town, also justly proud of its teaching hospital. This town, too, has an overabundance of doctors. I work in the larger town but get my medical care in the other. Both teaching hospitals give excellent medical care, but I prefer the more democratic atmosphere of the one in our town, where I sit in the outpatient department, waiting to see my personal doctor, together with patients of all ethnic groups and all social, cultural, and economic levels. I approve of the fact, though I hardly enjoy the experience, that I am shown to medical students for them to learn on, in common with my less privileged companions. Payment systems for care received lag far behind the quality of care. I will only mention in passing the horror of getting a temporary change of address taken off a computer. For more than a year after our return from a sabbatical spent in England, our daughter continued to receive our health insurance statements. In fact, they continued to reach and be readdressed by the new owners of her house when she had moved to another town. My address on insurance statements continues to contain three spelling errors,


Chemical peels are recently used in gynecology for the treatment of pigmentation in the anogenital area. Trichloroacetic acid is a peel used most commonly in cosmetic dermatology. It has a great potential to lighten and rejuvenate the skin in the anogenital area. We present a case of pigmentation of the vulva due to photoaging and pregnancy and its successful and efficient treatment with trichloroacetic acid. We describe the precise technique of trichloroacetic acid peel approach in the anogenital area.


on November 28th. Her past history was good, but there had been a boil on her chin three weeks before admission. Examination.-Speech and all cerebral functions were normal, as were all cranial nerves. There was slight but definite pallor of the left optic disk the right appeared normal. No diplopia, ptosis, strabismus, or exophthalmos. The motor system was normal as regards the upper limbs and trunk, but the patient appeared unable to sit upright without the use of the arms. Motor power was quite good on both sides in the lower limbs. There was disinclination to exercise full motor power in either limb. Reflexes: bicepsjerk, triceps-jerk, and supinator-jerk present right and left. Upper and lower abdominal reflexes absent. Kneeand anklejerks present. Plantar extensor on both sides. No signs of meningeal irritation. Sensation appeared to be normal when tested on admission. Vibration, which was faintly appreciated in both lower limbs, was perhaps slightly more obvious on the right side; it was only faintly appreciated below the tenth dorsal spine. Progress.-On November 29th the condition of spastic paraplegia, which was present on the previous day, had changed into a marked partial paraplegia of a flaccid type, but with preservation of deep reflexes, which were not accentuated. The right plantar was now extensor and the left flexor. Abdominal reflexes had now disappeared. The intercostal muscles below the ninth on the left side were not contracting, and there was present a relatively sensitive level for pinprick and for vibration at the ninth dorsal nerve segment. Some sensation to pinprick was preserved in the legs. The abdominal muscles did not contract so forcibly below the umbilicus, and the latter was drawn up 2 cm. upon head-raising. This had increased since the previous night. There was tenderness over the lower thoracic and upper lumbar spines. At a later hour of the same day the patient had a complete paraplegia of the flaccid type, with absence of kneeand ankle-jerks. Plantar reflexes were also absent. Sensory examination showed a relatively sensitive level to light touch at the ninth dorsal nerve segment on the left, 2 in. above the umbilicus, and in the ninth dorsal segment 1 cm. below the umbilicus on the right. There was now an absolute level for sensation to pinprick at the proximal portion of the second lumbar segment, below which pain was not felt on either side, except down a strip in the antero-lateral portion of the left thigh, in Nhich the pain from the prick was referred to the foot, beneath the left great toe. There was an absolute level at the third lumbar segment for sensation to hot and cold, that for the former being 2 in. higher than that for the latter. Sensation for deep pressure was preserved in the left toe, calf, and thigh, and in the right leg at and above the knee only. In each case it seemed more distinct in the left leg. Sense of position was present for coarse movements at the ankle, but was absent in the great toes. Pathological examination: differential blood cell count showed 19,000 leucocytes on November 29th at 2.30 p.m. Cerebro-spinal fluid: yellow, setting solid; jelly-like coagulum ; total protein 4 per cent., cells 3 per c.mm. On culture, no growth .in twenty-four hours. Operation.-On November 29th, at 11.45 p.m., Mr. Julian Taylor removed the laminae from the seventh to twelfth dorsal. Yellow creamy pus coated the dura over this region. The pus seemed to trickle' round from the ventral and lateral aspects, and more was collected towards the caudal portions of the exposure. The next day, at 10 a.m., there was feeble movement of the toes of the right foot. The kneejerks werc absent, and the left ankle-jerk was present: plantar reflexors ? flexor. There was some degree of appreciation of pinprick over both legs. On December 3rd there was a fair degree of appreciation to pain over the left leg and thigh ; there was a slight return of sensation to pinprick in the right leg above the knee. Below the knee the prick was felt onily as indefinite touch localized to the right leg. Light touch was not felt in either leg. The patient knew when the left, and perhaps the right, foot was being moved. Otherwise sense of position was entirely absent. Sensation to deep touch was present in both legs, and localized to the proper leg. This was preserved before operation. Reflexes in the legs were absent except for one plantar reflex flicker on the left. A radiogram of the dorsal spine before operation showed no evidence of bone disease. It may be noted that the temperature never rose above 1000, except immediately after operation. Post-mnortem Examination.-The patient died on December 9th. The brain appeared healthy. There was an open laminectomy over the dorsal spine still draining pus. This seemed to be coming from the front of the cord round the left side. On removal of the cord there was evident erosion of the back of the bodies of the first and second lumbar vertebrae. On opening the dura the arachnoid was seen to be infiltrated with purulent lymph over the lumbar enlargement. From pus removed at operation, on November 29th, a heavy growth of Staphylococcus aureuis was obtained in culture.


The conception of labour humanization arose in the process of forming such scientific schools of management as schools of behavioral sciences and human relations. If the degree of labour humanization could be previously characterized with qualitative parameters only, the present stage of the development of labour economics and personnel management practice stipulate the need for search of objective quantitative parameters and indices for estimation of the phenomenon. The article provides the results of a research of contemporary approaches to assessment the degree of labour humanization.


The design of simulator based research can be an intimidating task for even an experienced researcher. We present some of the lessons learned from a complex simulator-based research study requiring sophisticated flight scenarios with realistic environmental conditions that was designed and conducted by a large group of researchers distributed across multiple sites. We offer readers both suggestions for approach to design as well as solutions to some of the problems we encountered.


Predictive methods for contaminant release from virgin and secondary road construction materials are important for evaluating potential long-term soil and groundwater contamination from highways. The objective of this research was to describe the field hydrology in a highway embankment and to investigate leaching under unsaturated conditions by use of a contaminant fate and transport model. The HYDRUS2D code was used to solve the Richards equation and the advection–dispersion equation with retardation. Water flow in a Minnesota highway embankment was successfully modeled in one dimension for several rain events after Bayesian calibration of the hydraulic parameters against water content data at a point 0.32 m from the surface of the embankment. The hypothetical leaching of Cadmium from coal fly ash was probabilistically simulated in a scenario where the top 0.50 m of the embankment was replaced by coal fly ash. Simulation results were compared to the percolation equation method where the solubility is mul...


We were assigned to do this master thesis by Husqvarna AB who at the time for this thesis just had implemented a new material and production planning system called Replenishment system. Husqvarna A ...


In this paper we report on a study conducted in 2007 and 2008 looking at the media use habits of 27 families in the Greater London area. The project builds on previous ethnographic work studying media use within a similar group in 2006. The study investigated attitudes towards different types of media and the role Television (TV) currently plays and could play within the home environment. Following a participatory design methodology, we rapidly prototyped an experimental home media device and asked participants and use and respond to it. We explored the issues such as interactional simplicity and sharing media using a TV using the experimental device as a focal point for discussion and the generation of new ideas.


Democratizing technology is the core of Andrew Feenbery's critical theory.He criticizes traditional theory of technology for accepting or refusing technology,then he pointed out technology is probably in different choices.The concrete ways of realizing the ideas are technical controversies,innovative dialogues and creative appropriations,the obstacles are social ideology and modern technology itself.The theory of democratizing technology still have theoretical meanings for more understanding technology,and for the philosophic understanding of technology on the basis of experience.


The thermal conductivity of expanded graphite plate (EGP) and/or multi-wall carbon nanotube (MWCNT)-filled, shape-stabilized, phase change material (SSPCM), based on paraffin, high-density polyethylene (HDPE), and styrene-butadiene-styrene copolymer (SBS), was investigated. The results demonstrated that both EGP and MWCNT increased the thermal conductivity of the SSPCM. EGP showed a greater thermal conductivity improvement than MWCNT. The conductivity of EGP-filled SSPCM reached 0.574 W/mK at 9 wt %, while that of MWCNT was just 0.372 W/mK at the same loading. Furthermore a series of EGP/MWCNT hybrid fillers were prepared and introduced into the SSPCM, and a synergistic effect was observed between the two fillers. When the EGP/MWCNT ratio was 8:2, the most significant thermal conductivity enhancement to the SSPCM was obtained. The thermal conductivity was 0.674 W/mK, 288% that of the SSPCM and 117% that of 9 wt % EGP-filled SSPCM. The SEM photos showed that a bridging of two-dimensional (2D) planar EGP by flexible one-dimensional (1D) MWCNT was constructed. The so-formed EGP-MWCNT network favored heat transfer along it and led to a decreased thermal interface resistance due to the increased EGP-MWCNT junctions.


We devise a one-shot approach to distributed sparse regression in the high-dimensional setting. The key idea is to average "debiased" or "desparsified" lasso estimators. We show the approach converges at the same rate as the lasso as long as the dataset is not split across too many machines. We also extend the approach to generalized linear models.


Objective To compare the effects oflightwand(LW) and direct laryngoscope(DL) in elderly patients undergoing surgery on hemodynamics and stress responses.Methods Forty elderly patients with ASA grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ grade who selective surgery were divided into LW group and DL group by random digits table method,each group with 20 cases.Systolic blood pressure (SBP),diastolic blood pressure (DBP),heart rate(HR) were recorded respectively before intubation,30 seconds and 5 minutes after intubation.Extracted patients with peripheral arterial 3 ml at the same time,measured by radioimmunoassay epinephrine and norepinephrine levels.Results The SBP,DBP,HR,epinephrine,norepinephrine 30 seconds after intubation in LW group were significantly lower than those in DL group [(140.50 ± 21.91) mm Hg(1 mm Hg =0.133 kPa) vs.(167.95 ± 17.85) mm Hg,(67.80 ± 6.76) mm Hg vs.(84.15 ±9.89) mm Hg,(85.10 ± 11.76) times/min vs.(96.30 ± 13.72) times/min,(49.47 ± 8.09) ng/L vs.(61.25 ± 9.43) ng/L,(171.27 ± 17.11) ng/L vs.(187.40 ± 16.13) ng/L,P < 0.01].The SBP,epinephrine,norepinephrine 5 minutes after intubation in LW group were significantly lower than those in DL group [(120.75 ± 17.12) mm Hg vs.(136.65 ± 15.43) mm Hg,(39.80 ±7.38) ng/L vs.(47.63 ±8.48) ng/L,(155.93 ± 17.11) ng/L vs.(172.76 ± 13.45) ng/L,P < 0.01].Conclusion Both LW and DL can be well done in elderly patients intubation,but LW can reduce stress responses during the intubation.

Key words:
Laryngoscopes;  Hemodynamics;  Catecholamines;  Aged;  Lightwand


Garlic-derived polysulfides (e.g., diallyl trisulfide, DATS) act as potent donors of the cell-signalling mediator H2S when exposed to endogenous thiols. Inspired by this chemistry, we incorporated a trisulfide linkage into a conjugate comprising an mPEG tail and a cholesteryl head via thiol-mediated fragmentation chemistry. The synthesized conjugate releases H2S upon exposure to thiol even at intracellular levels.


Depression is associated with elevated rates of smoking, new nicotine dependence, and relapse after smoking cessation. Varenicline has produced greater


Around the world, crime is considered worthy to be reported in terms of news value. However, there is a long debate about the importance of revealing the ethnicity and religion of the accused in the crime reporting. This article discusses the relevance of ethnicity and religion of the perpetrators in the crime news coverage in Australia. This issue is analyzed using the perspectives of the Journalists' Code of Ethics, anti-vilification laws, public interest defense, ethical philosophy and the rules of reporting court cases in Australia. Based on the analysis, it is found that the attribution of ethnicity and religion of the accused is not necessary for reporting crime. Highlighting the ethnicity and religion is to seek profit and promote certain political agenda since it only occurs when the perpetrators are Middle Eastern people and Muslims. Such attribution also breaches the Journalists' Code of Ethics and anti-vilification laws in Australia. Such conduct cannot be ethically justified as it could incite hatred towards Muslim/Middle Eastern people and harm multiculturalism in Australia. Keywords— ethnicity; religion; journalists' code of ethics; public interest; sensationalism; Australia


Roads are the conduit of life's activities. Roads are mainly used for the purpose of transportation. Transport infrastructure is critical in enabling and securing sustainable economic growth. Thus, for this the planning commission has introduced Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojna for developing rural road networks which plays a pivotal role in developing the country. The road networks plays in supporting economic growth, timely and effective maintenance is essential.


In article the characteristic of the student as subject of educational activity is given. Diagnostic signs of subjectivity of the student are listed. Tasks and research methods are defined. Results of research and conclusions are presented. As a result of empirical researches at students domination of external negative motivations is revealed at high self-esteem. Motive shift on the purpose is observed. There are no clear ideas of an ultimate goal of training, the program of activity and results. Educational process for students isn´t process of formation of the personality. The knowledge and self-change aren´t personal values of the student. The obtained data explain need of research of educational motivation of first-year students of medical school at the initial stage of studying of discipline "Histology" for the subsequent development of motivation in them to educational and professional activity taking into account an inclusiveness it in process of formation of professional competence of future doctor.


For original submission and image(s), see ARM Research Highlights http://www.arm.gov/science/highlights/ Research Highlight The organization of the subcloud layer into cold pools, areas of evaporatively cooled downdraft air spreading on the surface, is one of the key processes that help sustainin deep convection. It has long been known cold pools can spawn new convective cells by mechanically lifting air along their gust front. Such lifting could be the result of the interaction of a cold pool with wind shear or sea breeze, or it could be caused by the collision of two or more cold pools. This triggering mechanism is often referred to as "mechanical forcing." More recently, another mechanism, often referred to as "thermodynamic forcing," has been suggested, leveraging on the fact that leading edges of cold pools typically present positive moisture anomalies. The enhanced water vapor content of cold pool parcels favors the generation of new convective cells because it can sensibly reduce the convective inhibition encountered by parcels once they start ascending. Although both mechanisms are expected to play a role in different scenarios, a quantification of their importance has not been investigated.


Abstract : The use of rotation to stabilize the inner surface of a liquid liner compressing a gas payload is studied experimentally. The outer surface of the liner is driven by a plurality of radially-displaced free-pistons to eliminate high frequency Rayleigh-Taylor instability at the outer surface, with the entire implosion mechanism rotating to provide angular momentum to stabilize the inner surface. Both stable and unstable inner surfaces are observed during final payload compression. Excellent correlation of observed behavior with theoretically predicted performance is obtained, providing confidence in the use of rotation to eliminate Rayleigh-Taylor instability at the inner surface of a liner compressing a lower density payload. (Author)


Objective To prepare hydroxycamptothecin semisolid lipid nanoparticles(HCPT-SSLN).Methods Based on the single-factor experiment,the HCPT-SSLN was prepared by orthogonal design for optimization of formulation and technology.Then the obtained SSLN was evaluated.Results The mean particle size of the prepared HCPT-SSLN was 130.5nm,Polydispersity index(PI) was 0.18,drug loading(DL) was 2.51%,entrapment efficiency(EE) was 79.19%,ξ potential was-33.1mV;Placed at 4℃ for 6 months,the appearance,particle size and entrapment efficiency of SSLN were all stable.Conclusion The HCPT-SSLN has high entrapment efficiency and drug loading,uniform particle size,good stability,which provides an extensive prospect for clinical application of HCPT.


A fire resistant insulation panel material called Eco-Core has been developed at North Carolina A&T State University. Eco-Core is composed of about 83% fly ash, a waste material from coalfired power plants. The remainder is a fire resistant organic binder. It is visualized that one application of this new material would be in the construction industry where fire resistance is of primary concern. The mechanical and fire resistant properties of a commercial material, U.S. Gypsum's Type X SHEETROCK, commonly used for these type applications was compared with those of Eco-Core. The results of this study have indicated that the mechanical properties of the Eco-Core are superior in virtually all respects, for example the compression strength was about 4x greater, the tension strength 3x greater, and the flexural strength was 8x greater. In addition, the fire resistance is comparable and the density is about 40% less. The details of this research are provided in the paper.


In this paper a bifocal lens for wide angle beam scanning system in submillimeter wave band radar imaging system is presented. With this bifocal lens, the quasi-optical antenna can ameliorate the deterioration of multiple beams focusing with wide angle scanning in submillimeter imaging system. The paper describes the design and process of the bifocal lens at 100GHz. The simulation and measurement results demonstrate that a scanning angle of 42° (±21°) with increased difference between main lobe and side lobe by about 5dB and a flat beam waist can be achieved compared with the conventional hyperboloid lens or some aspherical lenses.


Abstract We consider the problem on completeness of sets of S-functions, the determinate functions such that the automaton calculating them realises in each state functions which emanate no value. We assume that each set of S-functions whose completeness is checked in this paper contains all S-functions depending on at most one variable. We describe all A-precomplete classes of such sets. It is shown that there exists an algorithm recognising A-completeness of S-sets of one-place determinate functions containing all one-place determinate S-functions.


The dependence of optical linear birefringence Δ n on temperature T was measured on a single crystal of (CH 3 ) 2 CHNH 3 CuCl 3 , which consists of ferromagnetic–antiferromagnetic (F–AF) alternating Heisenberg chains with S =1/2. The curve of dΔ n ( T )/d T showed a large peak near 25 K and a small shoulder near 45 K. The presence of these two anomalies is qualitatively similar to the theoretical curve of the magnetic specific heat in ferromagnetic-dominant F–AF chains.


System and method for developing an Internet hosting business application composed of web services and use in such an environment where each application and each application component interact to perform the requested business function Software. The system and method of the present invention comprises a software development application service provider module (DASP), an instantiator module, a builder module, an application service provider (ASP) infrastructure platform (AIP) module, and a Use the hosting / production environment module. The system and method of the present invention make the most of conventional work, eliminate repetition, reduce development costs and development time. Every new project creates a library and experience. The system and method of the present invention uses a large number of skilled workers, works all day by using people from all over the world, and reduces costs by asking people from countries with lower labor costs Developers and testers located at discrete locations can be used. The systems and methods of the present invention increase efficiency and reduce costs for all parties by coordinating the developer with a third party that is deployed early in the developer.


Abstract : This report presents results from an evaluation of a non-nuclear soil moisture-density gauge, the Soil Density Gauge (SDG 200), tested on a series of 16 different fine-grained soils. If the results were successful, the device would serve as a replacement to the standard nuclear moisture-density gauge. Results from a standard nuclear moisture-density gauge were used for comparison. Results of the tests are presented and include comparisons of the dry densities obtained from the SDG and the nuclear gauge. Correlations between the two devices showed a strong dependence on plasticity characteristics to distinguish among soil types. The lack of internal calibration for fine soils demonstrated poor correlation between moisture conditions for a given soil. Similar to SDG studies on coarser soils, the proper response from the SDG for fine-grained soils requires calibration of the dry density using at least one independent density sample obtained in the field with an alternative device such as a sand cone or a nuclear moisture-density gauge.


Declining yields and environmental problems associated with many agricultural systems around the world have resulted in an on-going global call for adoption of sustainable ways of agricultural production. The Technical Advisory Committee (TAC) of the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGAIR) defined sustainable agriculture as involving "the successful management of resources for agriculture to satisfy changing human needs while maintaining or enhancing the quality of the environment and conserving natural resources" (Plucknet, 1990).


Abstract Nickel (Ni) contamination occurred near a Ni refinery at Port Colborne, Ontario, on soils susceptible to Mn deficiency. Previous studies showed that adding limestone to remediate these soils induced Mn deficiency in plants. This greenhouse pot experiment was conducted with Welland loam and Quarry muck soils to learn the application of MnSO4 needed when these soils were limed. Limestone application, along with Mn fertilizer, allowed normal growth of oat and red beet known as sensitive to Ni phytotoxicity and Mn deficiency. Strontium (Sr)‐nitrate extractable Ni was a smooth function of slurry pH with much higher Ni extractable from the Welland loam than Quarry muck. Ni phytotoxicity was severe at low pH for the Welland loam but it was generally prevented by liming. No severe Mn deficiency was observed in this experiment when nitrogen was applied as combination of urea, ammonia, and nitrates. Manganese fertilization greatly improved Mn uptake by both crops in both soils.


This paper reviews progress in study of long-lasting phosphorescent glass. A detailed analysis is given of the history of development,the phosphorescence mechanism,methods of synthesis,and current status of research of the long-lasting phosphorescent glass. Finally,problems in this field are discussed,with some suggestions on future research directions this kind of material.


Martin, Alvin, and Przybocki, Mark, The NIST 1999 Speaker Recognition Evaluation?An Overview, Digital Signal Processing10(2000), 1?18.This article summarizes the 1999 NIST Speaker Recognition Evaluation. It discusses the overall research objectives, the three task definitions, the development and evaluation data sets, the specified performance measures and their manner of presentation, the overall quality of the results. More than a dozen sites from the United States, Europe, and Asia participated in this evaluation. There were three primary tasks for which automatic systems could be designed: one-speaker detection, two-speaker detection, and speaker tracking. All three tasks were performed in the context of mu-law encoded conversational telephone speech. The one-speaker detection task used single channel data, while the other two tasks used summed two-channel data. About 500 target speakers were specified, with 2 min of training speech data provided for each. Both multiple and single speaker test segments were selected from about 2000 conversations that were not used for training material. The duration of the multiple speaker test data was nominally 1 min, while the duration of the single speaker test segments varied from near zero up to 60 s. For each task, systems had to make independent decisions for selected combinations of a test segment and a hypothesized target speaker. The data sets for each task were designed to be large enough to provide statistically meaningful results on test subsets of interest. Results were analyzed with respect to various conditions including duration, pitch differences, and handset types.


Theory and operation of a novel phase-locked tracking type frequency to Code Converter (fDC) is described in this paper. Ingenious subcircuits have been developed and incorporated around the basic system to achieve speed-up, linearity and stability of conversion. Measurements on a prototype built with a few off-the-shelf TTL ICs confirmed the results of theoretical analysis. With a 10-MHz clock and a speed-up factor of 16, the conversion time is about 0.4 ms plus one period of the input Hertz for 8 bit resolution and about 100 ms plus one period of the input Hertz for 12 bit resolution. Small signal tracking time is only a fraction of the conversion time, the multiplying fraction being equal to the f-m index of the input Hertz. The system is characterized by very high resolution capability (at the cost of speed), high stability and true linearity with no offset error.


Down logs provide important ecosystem services in forests and affect surface fuel loads and fire behavior. Amounts and kinds of logs are influenced by factors such as forest type, disturbance regime, forest management, and climate. To quantify potential short-term changes in log populations during a recent global- climate-change type drought, we sampled logs in mixed-conifer and ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) forests in northern Arizona in 2004 and 2009 (n = 53 and 60 1-ha plots in mixed-conifer and ponderosa pine forests, respectively). Over this short time interval, density of logs, log volume, area covered by logs, and total length of logs increased significantly in both forest types. Increases in all log parameters were greater in mixed-conifer than in ponderosa pine forest, and spatial variability was pronounced in both forest types. These results document rapid increases in log populations in mixed-conifer forest, with smaller changes observed in ponderosa pine forest. These increases were driven by climate-mediated tree mortality which created a pulse in log input, rather than by active forest management. The observed increases will affect wildlife habitat, surface fuel loads, and other ecosystem processes. These changes are likely to continue if climate change results in increased warmth and aridity as predicted, and may require shifts in management emphasis.


Intertidal flats which are located between land and ocean are productive and rapidly changing places. But these places are now facing many environmental challenges related to climate change and human-induced impacts. Topographic change related to sedimentation or erosion in intertidal flats is the most evident sign of the environmental changes. The intertidal flats usually have small topographic variations (less than 5m) and experience ebb and flood tides every day. Thus, the conventional SAR interferometric techniques (repeat-pass InSAR) cannot be applied for generating DEMs in these intertidal flats. In this study, we developed a long-baseline single-pass airborne interferometric SAR (InSAR) system that has small ambiguity height and collected airborne InSAR data in several intertidal flats, the west coast of Korean peninsula. The constructed topographies using the long-baseline airborne InSAR system were compared with TanDEM-X DEM obtained during long-baseline mission phase.


A flexible synthesis library for fast and safe prototyping of VLSI circuits for telecom applications is presented. Library modules are described in VHDL so as to be portable in different CAD frameworks and easily usable by IC and system designers. Module flexibility is achieved by using generic parameter programming; mapping can be done on FPGAs, semicustom and cell based CMOS libraries. Modules can reach several thousand gates in size and a target frequency of 40 MHz for a CMOS semicustom design. A VLSI MPEG1 audio decoder developed as a methodology test vehicle is finally detailed.


In what ways and to what extent do children's drawings communicate information about their school attitudes and behaviors? Does the scope and/or depth of this information, as it is perceived by computer-using classroom teachers, differ among different drawing media? In this exploratory, qualitative study, ten gifted fifth-grade boys who were proficient in Logo programming were asked to create three pictures each; one with crayons, magic markers, and/or colored pencils, a second with a touch-sensitive graphics tablet and accompanying graphics software, and a third with Logo. Thirteen Logo-using classroom teachers viewed the boys' creations, knowing nothing about the artists, and were asked to record any information that they intuited, including the artists' genders, ages, school subject preferences, learning styles, and behavior patterns. This observer data was then cross-referenced with thematically processed interview results, gathered from the child himself, a parent of his choice, and the most recent classroom teacher. Content agreement was sought both among individual informants and across informant groups (e.g., among individual viewing teachers and across all picture observers). Results showed that there was considerable individual difference among viewing teachers' interview-substantiated intuited artist information, as well as notable variation among artists, whose pictures differed in "intuitive readability." Across informants, 69% of all comments written by viewing teachers about the artists' school subject preferences, learning styles, and school behavior patterns agreed with information offered earlier by at least two interviewed informants. Viewers ascertained artist age to within one year in 43% of the attempted estimations, and artist gender correctly in 45% of the responses. There were no appreciable differences in percentages of interview-substantiated viewer intuitions among pictures created with the three different drawing media, with the exception of age perception, which was slightly more accurate when teachers looked at Logo pictures. Computer drawing tools, as compared with traditional drawing media, did not seem to impede the personally expressive content of these children's artistic works. The author recommends further research into the intuitively perceptive abilities of classroom teachers to determine if information of this type should be gathered to assist instructional efforts.


The Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt and the National Institute of Standards and Technology have compared microwave noise power in coaxial transmission lines. Each laboratory measured two solid-state noise sources at 2.0 GHz, 4.0 GHz, and 8.0 GHz relative to their primary thermal noise standards. The agreement between laboratories is better than 0.07 dB, which is within the stated uncertainties of the two services, namely +or-0.06 dB for NIST, and +or-0.04 dB for PTB (confidence level: 0.95).<<ETX>>


In this publication, the author conducts a specific historical reconstruction of the customary law ideas of the Don Cossacks about the responsibility of the perpetrators of the offenses committed by them in the second half of the XIX century in order to establish what actually, despite the ethnic identity and features of bringing these persons to various types of punishment under customary law, was the basis for the occurrence of a particular type of responsibility and constituted its essence. For the first time, the author proposes to consider of thecustomary representations of the Don Cossacks about responsibility for offenses through the concept of abuse of their duties (obligations) to the Don Cossack communities by all, without exception, members of communities and in various spheres of their life.


"Play" as one of key words of the modern ideas has become an important way to understand the idea,language and literary.Because of the various comprehensions about "play",the western people have different ideas about the literary essence in different times.The aesthetic play assumption extends in two directions in the western history: one is from Aristotle's amusement to Kant's freedom to Schiller's life impulse,the other is from children's game to God's dice to the post-modern language game.


Aiming at the problems of poor quality of service, low performance of system cluster and low accuracy of parameter calculation in current software design method of autonomous learning system, a software design method of intelligent interactive autonomous learning system is proposed. Through system architecture design, system module design, system interaction design, system network design and system database design, the overall structure of interactive autonomous learning system software is constructed, and the project parameters and capability parameters are calculated by maximum likelihood method and expert estimation method. According to the user's own ability, personalised test questions and learning content are set for users, and the software design of autonomous learning system is realised. The experimental results show that the proposed method has high quality of service, good cluster performance and high accuracy of parameter calculation.


part of the drug delivery industry. This is due to a number of factors, including ageing populations, greater awareness of ophthalmic conditions and increased pharmaceutical investment into ophthalmic research and development. With this growth comes new impetus to innovate on how we deliver drugs to the eye and to improve on our ability to target desired segments and increase the bioavailability of therapeutics.


This article investigates an unbiased analysis for the unsteady two-dimensional laminar flow of an incompressible, electrically and thermally conducting fluid across the space separated by two infinite rotating permeable walls. The influence of entropy generation, Hall and slip effects are considered within the flow analysis. The problem is modeled based on valid physical arguments and the unsteady system of dimensionless PDEs (partial differential equations) are solved with the help of Finite Difference Scheme. In the presence of pertinent parameters, the precise movement of the flow in terms of velocity, temperature, entropy generation rate, and Bejan numbers are presented graphically, which are parabolic in nature. Streamline profiles are also presented, which exemplify the accurate movement of the flow. The current study is one of the infrequent contributions to the existing literature as previous studies have not attempted to solve the system of high order non-linear PDEs for the unsteady flow with entropy generation and Hall effects in a permeable rotating channel. It is expected that the current analysis would provide a platform for solving the system of nonlinear PDEs of the other unexplored models that are associated to the two-dimensional unsteady flow in a rotating channel.


The emergence of knowledge society globally today has created new challenges for Higher Education (HE) particularly with the development of Information Communication Technology (ICT) at a speed that has no match in history yet HE in Uganda is still lagging behind. The paper aims at unraveling the role and challenges of using ICT in HE of Uganda and education implications in order to provide the way forward with Kyambogo University as a case. This paper used a mixed methods approach that combined desk review and interviews. The paper reveals the role of ICT in HE as central in the teaching-learning process, on the learner and learning and on the academic staff and teaching while the challenges as; learners, economy, equipment and academic staff which poses as a drawback in the teaching –learning process. The paper concludes that ICT is central in the teaching-learning process as well as in the management of HE institutions. The way forward rests majorly in the newly created ICT Ministry with effective implementation of ICT Policy 2014 to improve the livelihoods of Ugandans by ensuring the availability of accessible, efficient, reliable and affordable ICT services in which HE will benefit automatically hence its effective application and use in the teaching-learning process.


Amount of energy was consumed in the course of crude oil transportation,so,it is necessary to research the optimal operation of oil pipeline,decrease oil transportation energy consumption of pipeline system,optimize associating ways of oil transportation facilities operation and realize long term,high effective and safe run of crude oil pipeline.On the basis of analyzing characteristics of oil pipeline and pump station,oil pipeline operation optimization model is established.On the foundation of analyzing and researching simulated annealing algorithm,it is adopted to solve optimization model of oil pipeline operation.The result of example show that,the scheme created by simulated annealing algorithm is better than the scheme created by dynamic programming algorithm,and simulated annealing algorithm is of more global character,and optimal operation scheme can be used to guide oil pipeline real production operation.


of the first four books—and arguing for his own choice. But, in the Topics as elsewhere, Aristotle is frequently obscure, and we expect examination of such obscurities, to find whether Aristotle himself is at fault—and if so what feature of his language or habits of thought has misled him—or whether we ourselves have failed to understand him. A typical place where Zadro fails us is Book VIII, Chapter 5. Here Aristotle treats ev&o^ov and 35o£cw as logical contraries, with puzzling results, if we compare earlier uses of evbo%ov. Zadro, having argued for notevole as the best translation of 'evbo^ov in Book I, keeps it here, and ignores the obscurity. He also ignores the fact that Aristotle has two words, irapal>oj-op and a&o^ov, as negatives of 'evbo^ov, and, worse, uses irapdSo^ov in his notes on this chapter where Aristotle has only aBotpv. : The fact that here and elsewhere Zadro does not seize the opportunity to work out Aristotle's abstract discussions with actual examples is particularly dis\ appointing because he is interested in the development of philosophical language, | and the various levels at which arguments may occur. He does however contribute I to our understanding of Aristotle's logic in the appendices, setting out a system of j intensional logic which he claims is faithful both to Aristotle's text and to tradi| tional Boolean algebra, and which illuminates the bitapxew relationship, and > taking up the problem of the interpretation of syllogistic argument first raised by i Lucaziewicz. He also gives an evaluation of the Commentary of Alexander of Aphrodisias— : the only ancient commentary we have—which he thinks more useful as a historical ; document than as an aid to understanding Aristotle, except where Alexander supplies items of information which may have reached him intact after five centuries. An example is the illustration of a geometrical paralogism at 10113. Unfortunately such information is sparse for the Topics.


This article deals with the problem of the misuse of the residues in the sugar industry which cause pollution to the environment. As a result, it identifies strategies to implement lean manufacturing in waste management. A diagnosis was made in order to know how they are handling the waste of each process, by collecting information in some sugar mills in the Cauca Valley. For the present work we applied the following steps: diagnosis, power generation and waste classification, identification of the strategy, the treatment or fate determination, determination of transport and storage, measurement and control.


Do managerial investment decisions affect the liquidity of a firm's stock? We answer this question through a model that links investment decisions to the liquidity of a firm's assets and the liquidity of its stock. Our model highlights the ambiguous effect of asset liquidity on stock liquidity. While greater asset liquidity reduces uncertainty regarding valuation of assets-in-place, it also increases future investments and the associated uncertainty. The model shows that asset liquidity has a more positive effect on stock liquidity for firms with less growth opportunities and for financially constrained firms. Empirically, we find a positive and economically large correlation between asset liquidity and stock liquidity. After controlling for firm fixed-effects, a one standard deviation increase in asset liquidity increases stock liquidity by 15%. The relation is more positive for firms with low growth opportunities, for financially constrained firms and for poorly governed firms. We find that a dollar of cash is worth seven to ten cents more for firms with less liquid stock. Apart from identifying a new determinant of stock liquidity, our analysis also promotes a new rationale for several empirical regularities such as the commonality in stock liquidity, and the improvement in stock liquidity following firm financing. ∗Radhakrishnan Gopalan (email@example.com) and Ohad Kadan (email@example.com) are with the Olin Business School at Washington Universtity in St. Louis. Mikhail Pevzner (email@example.com) is with the School of Management at George Mason University. We thank Joel Hasbrouck for graciously providing data on stock liquidity measures and Vanderbilt University's Center for Research on Financial Markets for making available the data on bid-ask spreads. We are also grateful to Viral Acharya, Tarun Chordia, Paolo Fulghieri, Adriano Rampini, Ronnie Sadka, Mark Seasholes, and Avi Wohl and to seminar participants at Barclays Global Investors, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, George Mason University, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore Management University, and Washington University for very helpful comments; and to Engin Kose and Anirudh Jonnavitula for assistance with data collection.


Recently, active matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED) displays have widely been used for user-interface applications on smartphones. Since frequent interactions between a user and a display which come from such applications tend to incur big display power consumption, the display power efficiency should be managed exactly and fast. For this purpose, a high-accurate and fast power model for AMOLED displays is greatly required for efficient power management. In this paper, we propose a novel high-accurate and fast power model for AMOLED displays, which is developed using a multiple regression technique to account for the dependency between R, G, and B channels and is polished using various performance optimization techniques. Then, the proposed model is applied to five AMOLED display panels of a CHIMEI panel and Galaxy S1, 3, 5, and 7 panels from SAMSUMG. The average error rates are obtained on these panels for four well-known image datasets. The proposed model shows the lowest error rate of 1.29% on Galaxy S7, while the simple model and Park's model show the error rates of 6.91% and 6.57%, respectively. In addition, in order to guarantee the fast execution time of the proposed power model on smartphones, we implement performance optimizations to the model. For runtime application, the proposed power model is implemented at the operating system level of the Android smartphone equipped with Exynos 4412. The optimized power model shows an average execution time of approximately 7.77 milli-seconds per image displayed on the panel with 720x1280 resolution. Consequently, the proposed power model is shown to be very fast and accurate, and thus it is highly useful in smartphones with AMOLED displays.


Objective Observe the influence on the Gilial cell-line derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) after treatment stroke rats with Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) or Bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMNCs)combined with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).Methods Separating and cultivating BMSCs and BMNCs were.140 Wistar rats were divided into 7 groups randomly,normal group,pretended surgery group,model group,BMNC group,BMNC+TCM group,BMSC group,BMSC+TCM group.The other five groups were performed for 2 hours middle cerebral arterial occlusion (MCAO) except normal group and pretended surgery group.Intervention methods in each group after 24 hours of MCAO:model group:Subarachnoid injection of 100 μl 0.01M PBS,BMNC group and BMNC + TCM group,Subarachnoid injection of 2 × 107 BMNCS,BMSC group and BMSC+TCM group,Subarachnoid injection of 2 × 107 BMSCS,BMNC +TCM group and BMSC+TCM group were treated united with TCM on the transplantation day (po.Qd.).GDNF level in all groups' rat brain were analyzed by Enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA) method at the 4th day and the 28th day after transplantation.Results The GDNF level of model group [(62.60±4.05) pg/ml] is higher than normal group's [(53.46 ± 3.91)pg/ml] at the 28th day (P< 0.05).The GDNF levels of BMNC group [(194.21 ±39.56)pg/ml,(67.70±4.73)pg/ml] and BMSC group [(169.83±28.84)pg/ml,(82.66±32.23)pg/ml] are higher than model group's at the 4th and 28th day(P<0.05).The GDNF level of BMSC group is higher than BMNC group's at the 28th day(P<0.05).The GDNF levels of group BMNC+TCM group[(560.61 ± 194.84) pg/ml,(265.83 ±93.58) pg/ml and BMSC+TCM group[(370.93 ±46.19) pg/ml,(247.34±98.02)pg/ml] are higher significantly than BMNC group's or BMSC group's at the 4th and 28th day(P<0.05).At the 4th day the GDNF level of the BMNC+TCM group is higher than BMSC+TCM group's(P<0.05).Conclusion Subarachnoid transplantation of BMNCs or BMSCs will increase the GDNF level in brain of MCAO rats.The transplantantion combined with TCM can inprove the capability of the enhance.That reflect the advantage of transplantantion bone marrow origin stem cell united with TCM.

Key words:
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM); Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs); Bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMNCs); middle cerebral arterial occlusion (MCAO); subarachnoid; stem cell transplantation; Gilial cell-line derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF)


The contrast source inversion (CSI) is an effective method for solving microwave imaging problems which is widely utilized. The core of the CSI is to change the conventional inverse scattering problem into an optimization problem. The two items in the objective function describe the state error and data error, respectively. As it is all known, there is almost no complete performance comparison based on Fresnel data for the CSI and its related improved algorithms. In addition, the performance of the algorithm under different weights was not analyzed before and the convergence speed of original CSI is slow. Firstly, this paper compares the performance of traditional CSI and its improved algorithms from three aspects of qualitative imaging effect, convergence speed, and objective function value based on Fresnel data. Secondly, the influence of the state error and the data error under different weights on the convergence rate and the objective function value are studied. For the limitation of a slower convergence rate, the CSI with weights (W-CSI), the CSI with dynamic reduction factor (CSI-DRF), and its related algorithms, which can get better convergence rate compared with their relative original algorithms, are proposed. Eventually, the future research work is prospected.


In this supplementary material, we first provide more details for reproducibility in Sec. 2. We further explore a potential improvement of BLV and corresponding preliminary results in Sec. 3. Then we demonstrate our BLV with more UDA methods on both the GTA5 → Cityscapes and SYNTHIA → Cityscapes settings in Sec. 4. Intuitive feature space visualization is demonstrated by t-SNE method in Sec. 5. Pseudo-code for direct understanding of BLV is provided in Sec. 6. Information about computational overhead and distribution estimation is exhibited in Sec. 7 and Sec. 8.


School leadership has significant effects on the learning, development and academic success of the pupils and on the quality of educational organisations, so, to a large extent, the effectiveness of the school depends upon the way in which leadership is carried out. It is on this basis that we undertook our study which led in this article. In it we sought to characterise the leadership of schools and school clusters in the regions of the Algarve, Alentejo and Lisbon and Tagus Valley, globally and specifically, based on the analysis of the content of external evaluation reports produced by teams from the General Inspectorate of Education during the 2006/2007, 2007/2008 and 2008/2009 academic years. This analysis was carried out as part of the research project FSE/CED/83489/2008 under the responsibility of the Centre for Sociology Research and Studies from the Lisbon University Institute, the University of the Algarve and the Barafunda Association, and we were part of the respective research team. By analysing the data we have been able to establish a joint and per region "profile" of the leaderships in the schools and school clusters that were evaluated, although we onsider that their results cannot be extrapolated, given he imits in the wording of the valuation reports and the fact at these reports were produced by different teams from egion to region and even within the regions themselves


Background:
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is considered an emerging problem in developed countries, where foodborne transmission plays a key role. As for other viruses, HEV detection in food matrices is based on molecular methods (PCR) that cannot discriminate between infectious and non-infectious virus. Viability PCR (v-PCR) is based on the use of intercalating dyes that penetrate through damaged viral capsid and block PCR amplification of their genome, therefore differentiating damaged virions from intact viruses. Aim of this study was the development of a v-PCR protocol for HEV in food matrices.

Methods:
A v-PCR protocol was optimized using a standardized amount of in vitro synthesized HEV RNA and ethidium bromide monoazide (EMA). Different EMA treatment conditions (incubation time from 15 to 120 minutes and concentrations from 20 to 320 microM) were tested. Efficiency of the treatment in removing free RNA was assessed by real-time RT(q)PCR. Control reactions were included to assess inhibition effects on PCR detection. The optimized v-PCR protocol was applied on HEV deactivated by heating (90 °C for 2 minutes) and on a food matrix (bivalve shellfish) experimentally contaminated with both intact and thermally treated virus.

Results:
Results showed that a 30 minute treatment with an EMA concentration of 200 microM provided a reduction of free HEV RNA ≥98% with little or no inhibition in the subsequent PCR reactions. Results were confirmed in the assays on thermally treated virus, while a lower reduction (∼60%) was obtained in experimentally contaminated shellfish, possibly in relation to dispersion of EMA activity onto nucleic acids resulting from the food matrix.

Conclusions:
The developed EMA-PCR protocol allows a better estimation of intact HEV particles compared to the standard real-time PCR protocol and, following optimization, can be applied for the detection of viable HEV in food matrices of animal origin.

Key messages:
- The analysis of foodborne viruses relies on molecular methods that may overestimate risk as a result of detection of free nucleic acids or damaged viral particles.
 - Viabilty PCR is a promising approach to differentiate infectious and non-infectious viruses in order to improve the assessment of the risk associated to viral contamination in foods.


In this work a theoretical study related to exploring and establishing the relationship between geometry, electronic structure, and various physical properties were determined for two substituted phenylalanine derivatives as tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) inhibitors; 2-Amino-3-(4-(5-(Naphthalen-2- Ylmethyl-amino) Pyrazin-2-Yl) Phenyl) Propionic Acid and -2-Amino-3-(4-{5-[(Quinolin-3-Ylmethyl)-Amino]- Pyrazin-2-Yl} Phenyl) Propionic Acid, which differ structurally, that carbon atom of naphthalene in compound 1 is replaced by nitrogen atom to form quinine in compound 2. Molecular properties such as high occupied molecular orbital energy (EHOMO), low unoccupied molecular orbital energy (ELUMO), the energy gap between HOMO and LUMO (∆E) and Physical properties, such as electronegativity (x), softness (s), hardness (η), chemical potential (μ), and electrophilicity index (ω), were studied to compare properties of these two compounds in relation to their molecular structure. Results show that the (∆E) values of compound 2 were reduced by the replacement of the hydrogen atom in compound 1 by nitrogen atom in compound 2. Consequently, the stability of compound 2 decreased and its activity increased. Additionally, compound 2 exhibited a high electronic chemical potential value and a low chemical hardness value indicating high levels of polarizability.


The invention discloses a manufacturing method of a ceramic mold of a monocrystal turbine blade. The integral ceramic mold with a special spiral crystal selector is designed and manufactured according to grain orientation requirements of the monocrystal turbine blade. When orientated solidification is used for manufacturing the monocrystal blade, the thickness of a shell at an abrupt change in a section (such as a connecting part between a blade body and a marginal plate) is increased, and the heat transfer capacity is reduced, so that crystal defects such as stray crystals are caused easily. On the premise that the casting strength requirements are met, with the adoption of topological optimization and design of a heat transfer passage, the heat transfer capacity of the mold is improved, and a temperature gradient on the leading edge of a solid-liquid interface during the orientated solidification is increased, so that the whole blade can obtain a good monocrystal organization.


Given an entanglement of two systems involving nonorthogonal states, we find the Schmidt decomposition for the state. The relation between the Schmidt representation and an ideal measurement of the degree of entanglement of the states is discussed, and a Bell inequality is shown to be violated. The maximal violation of the Bell inequality provides a measurement of the degree of entanglement. The entangled coherent states are provided as a concrete example of the Bell inequality for entangled nonorthogonal states.


Abstract : The computation of robust M-estimates of regression is considered in detail using the Psi functions of Huber, Andrews, and Hampel. The computation of M-estimates of regression is considered for linear models, linear models with vector observations, and nonlinear models. Examples are given using actual data for each of these different classes of models. Examples are given using actual data for each of these different classes of models. Careful attention is given to the important problem of convergence of M-estimates with redescending Psi functions. A lengthy treatment of this problem is given for the Daniel and Wood data by considering several starting methods for the iterative solution and different breakpoints for the Psi functions. (Author)


OBJECTIVE To establish the identification methods for Angelica sinensis(Oliv.)Diels and the determination method for ferulic acid in Nubao capsules.METHODS The TLC method was used to identify Angelica sinensis(Oliv.)Diels with test materitals and ferulic acid was determinated by HPLC.RESULTS The TLC specificities of 4 groups of Nubao capsule from 2 factories were proved.The HPLC used SymmetyshieldTMRP18 column as the analytical column.The mobile phase was acetonitrile-0.085%phosphate acid solution(17:83) and the detection wavelength was 320 nm.Regression equation was A=-9.02×104C+4.2×107(r=0.9988).The average recovery was 93.68% with RSD of 1.04%(n=5).CONCLUSION The method is simple,accurate and reliable.It can be used for quality control of Nubao capsule.