The study has focused on socio economic profile, adoption level of Direct seeded rice (DSR) farmers and extension strategy to increase the adoption of DSR cultivation in Haryana (India). More than half of respondents (51.66 %) belonged to the middle age group 36-50 years and maximum 21.67 per-cent farmer qualification found metric. Majority of the farmers (50.83 per cent) had low level of socio-economic. Economic motivation of farmers was 70.83 per cent belonged to low to moderate level, whereas 67.5 per-cent of respondents belonged moderate to high innovation proneness. The overall adoption level of DSR technology was low to moderate, since 70 per-cent of respondents belonged to low to medium category.


The time-space structure of particles for individual air showers induced by primary γ-rays and protons at the observation level is analysed by Monte Carlo simulation. It is shown that air showers induced by the primary γ-rays can be effectively separated from the air showers induced by protons (background) using the combination cuts on the arrival time fluctuation and the lateral distribution width of secondary particles in air showers. This method can be used for reducing the background of hadrons in searching for γ-ray point sources for ARGO experiment coorperated by China and Italy at Yangbajing. The effect of this method on the significance of γ-ray signals is also estimated.


A photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS) apparatus has been developed for measuring nanoparticles with diameters below 10nm by improving the individual components and the data reduction methods. The PCS is capable of sampling and storing photon counting data with multi-bit capability at the same time interval on each channel. We evaluated the performance of the new PCS apparatus: (1) accuracy of average size measurement as compared with a conventional PCS apparatus, (2) accuracy of particle size distribution measurement at a constant flow rate, and (3) ability for in-situ hydrodynamic diameter measurement for metallic single nanoparticles. Experimental results show that the newly developed PCS has an improved performance over the conventional PCS system for in-situ hydrodynamic diameter measurement for nanoparticles below 10nm in diameter.


Mechanically stabilized earth (MSE) walls are economical to construct and have the potential to exhibit good serviceability over long duration. To prevent premature failure of MSE walls, the corrosive potential of backfills has to be evaluated. Even though Item 423, Retaining Walls, provides reasonable means of evaluating the finer backfills, its applicability to coarser backfill materials needed further evaluation. To that end, the geotechnical, geochemical, electrochemical, and metallurgical aspects of the corrosion of MSE metallic earth reinforcements were studied to recommend new guidelines to the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT). The main objectives of this study were the following items: evaluate current practices within Item 423 for coarse backfills; fully characterize and understand the geochemistry of common coarse backfills; propose geochemical methods for more realistically estimating the corrosion potential of coarse backfills; and study the corrosion rate of typical metallic reinforcement for typical coarse backfill geochemistry and environmental conditions.


We recently developed a method for extracting a component from the human multifocal electroretinogram (ERG) that is generated by ganglion cells1,2. As its latency depends linearly on the estimated length of ganglion cell axons connecting the site of focal stimulation with the disc, this optic nerve head component (ONHC) is presumed to originate from the axons where myelination begins1,2. A second, retinal component (RC) has an invariant latency.


This study is concerned about the design and structural analysis of high integrated tool tower ATC(Automatic Tool Changer) for machine tool. Recently, many studies have been undergoing to reduce a working time in a field of machine tool. Tool tower ATC belongs to reduce a stand-by time by shortening a tool exchanging time. The developed system can store more number of tool in small space than other machine. The analysis is carried out by CATIA V5 software. In the result of structural analysis, the safety factor of the developed system is confirmed.


Rawls increasingly looks like a philosopher satisfied with working in Plato's cave. This has inspired some to complain that he is no longer trying to get 'outside the cave, in the blaze of Truth'.' His new emphasis on 'an overlapping consensus' and on shared intuitions have led some to claim that Rawls has become a conservative philosopher who is now more interested in social agreement than in truth. No doubt many have attributed conservatism to Rawls because of


It aimed to determine the incidence of accidents involving biological material as well as its characteristics and attitudes after exposure among Fire Military Brigade of Minas Gerais' professionals from Belo Horizonte. It carried out a transversal study in the period from January to February 2011. A structured questionnaire with questions about incidence of accidents involving biological material, its characteristics, and attitudes after its occurrence applied for collection of data. The incidence of accidents involving biological material was 3,7%, from these 53,3% were due to direct contact with body fluids and 33,4% due to piercing cutting material. It was verified incomplete use of personal protective equipment during the accident by 46,7%. As for attitudes, 26,7% rubbed 70% alcohol on the affected site, 46,7% did not do medical examination. It considered necessary the improvement of staff orientation concerning the importance of hepatitis B immunization, correct use of personal protective equipment and appropriate attitudes after accidents involving biological material occurrence.


Part 1 Overview: environmental economics - a survey. Part 2 Valuing health: environmental health effects valuing future risks to life discounting and the evaluation of lifesaving programmes preferences for life saving programmes - how the public discounts time and age public choices between lifesaving programmes - how important are lives saved? the effect of information on health risk valuations the social costs of chronic heart and lung disease measuring the benefits from reduced mortality. Part 3 Valuing urban amenities: inter-city wage differentials and the value of air quality the value of urban amenities on the choice of functional form for hedonic price functions valuing product attributes using single market data - a comparison of hedonic and discrete choice approaches. Part 4 The political economy of environmental regulation: the determinants of pesticide regulation pesticide regulation and the rule-making process when is a life too costly to save? The evidence from US environmental regulations paying for permanence - an economic analysis of EPA's cleanup decisions at superfund sites.


In the tradition of all great empires, the United States has established a network of foreign military bases from which to project force in the world. The United States' 1,000 such bases in 130 different nations serve to intimidate rivals and foes—and, if need be, forcibly bend them to its will. For an empire that seeks to encompass the globe, however, domination of the land, sea, and air is no longer sufficient. To control the earth, the United States must also control space.


The purpose of this project is to evaluate the cost effectiveness of latex-modified asphalt as a SAMI (Stress-Absorbing Membrane Interlayer) and as an ID-2 wearing course. This follow-up report evaluates the performance of the three sites that were monitored. The three sites evaluated used latex-modified asphalt for a SAMI surface treatment, a SAMI seal coat, and an ID-2 wearing course. It was determined that it did not perform significantly better than the conventional SAMIs for any of these functions. Any additional costs for the latex-modified SAMIs or the latex-modified ID-2 wearing course would therefore not be justified.


Chaetodontidae is one of the fish families whose existence is important in coral reef ecosystems. This study aims to determine the condition of the Chaetodontidae fish and coral cover in the coral reef ecosystem area of Aceh Jaya District, Aceh Province. The study was conducted in March 2017 with 10 points of observasion location. Data retrieval is done using the visual census technique (VCT)-belt transect method to see the abundance of Chaetodontidae fish in the Point Intercept Transect (PIT) method to see coral cover. The result showed that the abundance of Chaetodontidae fish in the waters Aceh Jaya regency ranged from 187.5 to 5375 ind/ha. There ware 12 species of Chaetodontidae fish found, with the most species being Chaetodon Vagabundus, overall coral cover in the waters of Aceh Jaya regency ranged from 16.25 to 76.88% which was classified in the category of damaged to very good coral reef conditions. The results of the correlation analysis showed that the percentage of live cover had a weak and insignificant relationship with the abundance of Chaetodontidae fish. Not all locations have coral cover followed by high abundance of Chaetodontidae fish.


The monoclonal antibody 1696, directed against the HIV‐1 protease, displays strong inhibitory effects toward the catalytic activity of the enzyme of both the HIV‐1 and HIV‐2 isolates. This antibody cross‐reacts with peptides that include the N‐terminus of the enzyme, a region that is well conserved in sequence among different viral strains and which, furthermore, is crucial for homodimerization to the active enzymatic form. This observation, as well as antigenbinding studies in the presence of an active site inhibitor, suggest that 1696 inhibits the HIV protease by destabilizing its active homodimeric form. To characterize further how the antibody 1696 inhibits the HIV‐1 and HIV‐2 proteases, we have solved the crystal structure of its Fab fragment by molecular replacement and refined it at 3.0 Å resolution. The antigen binding site has a deep cavity at its center, which is lined mainly by acidic and hydrophobic residues, and is large enough to accommodate several antigen residues. The structure of the Fab 1696 could form a starting basis for the design of alternative HIV protease‐inhibiting molecules of broad specificity.


Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods, as introduced by Gelfand and Smith (1990), provide a simulation based strategy for statistical inference. The application elds related to these methods, as well as theoretical convergence properties, have been intensively studied in the recent literature. However, many improvements are still expected to provide workable and theoretically well-grounded solutions to the problem of monitoring the convergence of actual outputs from MCMC algorithms (i.e. the convergence assessment problem). In this paper, we introduce and discuss a methodology based on the Central Limit Theorem for Markov chains to assess convergence of MCMC algorithms. Instead of searching for approximate stationarity, we primarily intend to control the precision of estimates of the invariant probability measure, or of integrals of functions with respect to this measure, through conndence regions based on normal approximation. The rst proposed control method tests the normality hypothesis for normalized averages of functions of the Markov chain over independent parallel chains. This normality control provides good guarantees that the whole state space has been explored, even in multimodal situations. It can lead to automated stopping rules. A second tool connected with the normality control is based on graphical monitoring of the stabilization of the variance after n iterations near the limiting variance appearing in the CLT. Both methods require no knowledge of the sampler driving the chain. In this paper, we mainly focus on nite state Markov chains, since this setting allows us to derive consistent estimates of both the limiting variance and the variance after n iterations. Heuristic procedures based on Berry-Ess een bounds are investigated. An extension to the continuous case is also proposed. Numerical simulations illustrating the performance of these methods are given for several examples: a nite chain with multimodal invariant probability, a nite state random walk for which the theoretical rate of convergence to stationarity is known, and a continuous state chain with multimodal invariant probability issued from a Gibbs sampler.


Objective This study aimed to investigate the status of DNA methylation of 6 genes, LMX1A, NKX6-1, PAX1, PTPRR, SOX1, and ZNF582, previously found from squamous cell carcinomas in adenocarcinomas (ACs) of the uterine cervix. Methods We assessed the methylation status of these genes in 40 ACs, cervical scrapings from 23 ACs, and 67 normal control cervices by real-time quantitative methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction. The results were validated by bisulfite pyrosequencing. Results The methylation levels of all the 6 genes in the ACs were significantly higher than those in normal cervical tissues, especially for PAX1, PTPRR, SOX1, and ZNF582. The odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of high methylation levels in PAX1, PTPRR, SOX1, and ZNF582 for the risk of developing an AC were 15.7 (95% CI, 7.0–40.6), 16.9 (95% CI, 7.6–43.0), 32.1 (95% CI, 12.1–124.3), and 25.4 (95% CI, 10.4–78.3), respectively (all P < 0.001). The methylation indices of PAX1, PTPRR, SOX1, and ZNF582 recovered from scrapings of ACs were significantly higher than in normal controls. The odds ratios of these indices for the risk of developing an AC in PAX1, PTPRR, SOX1, and ZNF582 were 6.2 (95% CI, 2.6–15.4), 12.1(95% CI, 3.8–46.4), 6.2 (95% CI, 2.6–15.8), and 20.6 (95% CI, 6.9–77.5), respectively (all P < 0.001). Conclusions Cervical ACs carry aberrantly high methylation rates of PAX1, PTPRR, SOX1, and ZNF582—commonly methylated in squamous cell carcinomas—which might help for AC screening.


This paper looks at changes in hourly wages and hours worked per week of prime-age males in different skill groups (measured by earnings quintile) in the United States and Canada from 1981 to 1997. The analysis reveals that increases in hourly wage inequality are primarily responsible for increases in weekly earnings inequality in both countries. Increases in the dispersion of hours worked per week play a more important part in explaining the increase in earnings inequality in Canada than in the United States. High-skill workers experienced increases in earnings growth due to increases in hours and, at least for the US, increases in wages. In contrast, low-skill workers experienced declines in earnings growth due to decreases in wages and hours. This evidence is consistent with a skill-biased demand shock. In Canada a larger percentage of the reduction in earnings of low-skill workers is accounted for by declining hours. This evidence suggests a higher degree of downward wage rigidity in Canada than in the United States.


PurposeThis study supposes to provide new insights into the role of leader behaviors in motivating employees by examining how and when spiritual leadership and contingent reward leadership facilitate employee vigor at work.Design/methodology/approachDrawing from self-determination theory (SDT), the current study proposes that spiritual leadership intrinsically motivates employees, whereas contingent reward leadership extrinsically motivates employees – both of which subsequently improve employee vigor at work. The theoretical model was tested through a sample of 191 employees collected across three time points in China.FindingsResults revealed that spiritual leadership positively facilitates employee vigor at work through enhancing their work enjoyment, and employees' need for achievement can amplify the effects of spiritual leadership. In addition, employees' performance-reward expectancy transmits the effects of contingent reward leadership on employee vigor at work, and leaders' performance expectations play a key role in strengthening the positive influences of contingent reward leadership.Originality/valueBased on SDT, this study provides a comprehensive explanation of how and when two patterns of leader behaviors affect employee vigor at work. Therefore, the authors provide significant insights for leadership and work design in human resource management.


Cause-effect graphs have shown promising results in identifying relations among causes and effects of classical software systems, followed by designing effective test cases from them. Towards this end, we investigate the use of cause-effect graphs for quantum pro-grams. Classical cause-effect graphs apply classical logic (e.g., AND, OR) to express these relations, which might not be practical for describing similar relations in quantum programs due to quantum superposition and entanglement. Thus, we propose an extension of cause-effect graphs, where quantum logic inspired functions (e.g., Hadamard) and their generalizations are defined and applied. Moreover, we present a metamodel describing various forms of cause-effect graphs. Finally, we demonstrate a possible method for generating test cases from a quantum cause-effect graph applied to a Bell state quantum program. Lastly, the design and utility of the resulting testing method is discussed, along with future prospects for general quantum cause-effect graphs.


Problem setting. Libertarianism filled the Ukrainian ideological space immediately after the July 31, 2019 presidential election. at that time V. Zelensky's adviser, and now the vice-speaker of the Verkhovna Rada Ruslan Stefanchuk declared that the ideology of the political party "Servants of the People" would be libertarianism.The technology of ideological intervention to gain power is not new. The danger of libertarianism is a legalized official ideology that promotes the destruction of the foundations of the state, the statehood of Ukraine. According to the main speaker of "Servant of the People" R. Stefanchuk, "the state should keep only service functions".Recent research and publications analysis. Conditions of influence of society's political capacity and ideological technologies were the subject of study by the National Institute for Strategic Studies, including the study "Ukraine in the semantic wars of postmodernism: the transformation of Ukrainian national identity in globalization" by N. Pelagesha. The author draws attention to the problem of creating a supranational pan-Russian identity in Ukraine, emphasizing that Ukraine is the object of the policy of forming a pan-Russian identity, which contradicts the goals of state formation and Ukraine's European integration aspirations.Monographic study "Worldview, culture, ideology. Challenges of Globalization" by D. Viter, B. Glotov, O. Korkhe, A. Reshetnichenko, highlight the importance of ideology for the existence of the Ukrainian state and national identity.To consider this problem, John Rex's research "Ethnic Identity and the Nation-State: The Political Sociology of Multicultural Societies" was taken into account.The study of national identity and its formation as a collective phenomenon, the political consequences of this phenomenon, identity and ideology that lead to instability have been the subject of study by Anthony D. Smith.Highlighting previously unsettled parts of the general problem. The proposed political ideology of the Servants of the People party in these extremely difficult conditions, libertarianism, is a project that is essentially destructive, deliberately aimed at developing free-thinking and denying the existence of a state institution as such. The proposed ideology is a technology for the destruction of the state mechanism, a successful "invention" in the context of a hybrid war of the Russian Federation against Ukraine.The dangerous hidden uncertainty of libertarianism is exacerbated by the unformed political course and the lack of public policy.Libertarianism in the Ukrainian realities should be considered meaningfully in the vector of national security. It is necessary to explore the challenges and risks posed by the propaganda of this trend for Ukrainian statehood.Paper main body. The development of state-building processes in Ukraine, the formation of the system of state power takes place under conditions of insufficient institutionalization of the main power structures, the unregulation of their legal status and the scope of competencies.Libertarianism, in fact, is an "illusory ideology for the distortion of forms of consciousness" in Ukrainian society and a direct threat to the constitutional foundations of the state, essentially modernized Bolshevism.The main threat to the ideology of libertarianism is the destruction of the foundations of state formation, the absence of state policy that determines the directions and principles of social development, respectively, the national political course.The ideology of the Ukrainian state is a factor in state formation and Ukrainization of public life and social protection. Traditionally, the Ukrainian idea of state-building was based on the principles of national and public solidarity, rejecting the slogans of communism with the dictatorship of the proletariat and distorted forms of liberalism.Conclusions of the research and prospects for further studies. In connection with the massive onset of chaos technology in the form of libertarianism, attention should be paid to the problem of data destruction, the ideological maneuver of civic and national identity. Issues of ideology, as a determinant of national and public identity, solidarity are issues of national security of Ukraine. The so-called libertarian ideology in modern Ukrainian society is aimed at destroying the years of military aggression of the Russian Federation, national and civic solidarity, national and civic identity, in particular. Ukraine is a threat to national security and the existence of the state.


This paper studies the effect of imperfect information on aggregate output and price dynamics. I argue that imperfect information can lead monetary shocks to have persistent real effects. In the environment with unobserved aggregate (monetary) and real demand shocks, price-setting agents face fixed costs of updating to full information. Between full updating, agents use market prices and quantities to infer the state of the economy. The economy is more informative if (a) the fraction of fully updating agents is high; (b) shocks to the money supply are more volatile than the sector-specific shocks; and (c) the degree of real rigidity is small. I find that the effect of monetary shocks on output and inflation is bigger in economy that is less informative. Dynamics in uninformative economies can be well approximated by the equilibrium where signals convey no information, as in Mankiw and Reis (2002).


Abstract In an attempt to examine the dynamic inter-relationship among wood density and fibre traits [tracheid length and microfibril angle (MFA)] in lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta), 60 trees were sampled in three age classes from four sites in central British Columbia. Breast height discs were taken and relative wood density was measured along two radii. Tracheid length was assessed on isolated 5-year increments from pith to bark at breast height for each tree. MFA was determined every 50 μm and the 5-mm composite intervals from pith to bark per disc at breast height were used in the analysis. Segmented regression was employed to identify the "juvenile to mature wood" transition point, which revealed transition ages of 31, 18 and 15 for wood density, fibre length and MFA, respectively. These traits were related to primary growth, expressed as area increment, ring width, percent earlywood and height increment during the juvenile wood phase. Comparisons of wood and fibre traits showed a higher congruence between the time of transitions for fibre length and MFA (Pearson correlation coefficient 0.52) than that between fibre length and wood density (0.07), and MFA and wood density (0.16). The cessation of early rapid radial increment growth terminated before wood and fibre transitions to mature wood occurred. Fibre length was significantly, but not strongly, related to ring width and percent earlywood (0.35 for both). The duration of juvenile fibre production was not significantly related to height growth.


This study is aimed at assessing the impact of participation in recreational activities on mental health of participants. The survey was carried out in the city of Abuja using City Park and National stadium as study areas. To achieve the objectives, the methodology used for the survey employed primary data collection through the administration of 250 copies of questionnaire using stratified and random sampling technique. With the aid of the SPSS and EXCEL packages, data was coded and analyzed using frequency tables, percentage, mean score analysis, the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient and Regression analysis. Study evidence revealed that males, particularly youths participate more in recreational activities with a higher involvement in swimming activities. However, the effects vary amongst different respondent, the level of impact ranges from 60% - 90% amongst 50% of the respondents. Statistical analysis showed 39% and 14% correlation between duration and frequency of recreational participation and impact of recreation on respondents' mental health. While highest educational attainment and religion is significant to variation of impact, Age, gender, marital status, occupation and income showed no significance to variation of impact. The study recommends that there should be continued advocacy campaigns through collaborative efforts of the government, non-governmental organizations, faith and community-based organizations using symposia, workshops, and the radio to enlighten the public on the importance and disadvantages of recreation. The study concludes that recreation could have a positive or negative effect on mental health depending on the duration and frequency of participation as well as the religion and highest educational attainment of


The subject of this Master Thesis is the design of a 12-bit 500Ms/s standalone charge redistribution Digital-to-Analog Converter. Digital-to-Analog Converters with very high analog bandwidth are mostly built with unitary and binary weighted current sources. Their performance is limited by the matching precision of these current sources.
A new type of converter based on charge redistribution can easily be operated at very high sampling rates and is built with integrated capacitors. The matching accuracy of integrated capacitors is excellent.
prof. ir. A.J.M. van Tuijl
ir. F. van Houwelingen
dr. ir. R.A.R. van der Zee


∗ on behalf of the MICE collaboration Abstract The Muon Ionisation Cooling Experiment (MICE) will demonstrate ionisation cooling, an essential technology for a Neutrino Factory and/or Muon Collider, by measuring a 10% reduction in emittance of a muon beam. A realistic demonstration requires beams closely resembling those ex- pected at the front-end of a Neutrino Factory, i.e. with large transverse emittance and momentum spreads. The MICE muon beam line at ISIS, Rutherford Apple- ton Laboratory, was built to provide beams of different mo- menta and emittance so that the performance of the cooling channel can be fully explored. During Step I of MICE, a novel technique based on time-of-flight counters was used to establish that the beam emittances are in the range 0.6- 2.8 π mm-rad, with central momenta from 170-280 MeV/c, and momentum spreads of about 25 MeV/c. The emittances of the beams will initially be increased by scattering in high-Z material. Low-Z absorbers, such as liquid hydrogen and LiH will be used to reduce the emit- tance of the beam. The physics program of Step IV of MICE is discussed, including all stages necessary for a first demonstration of ionisation cooling.


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It was proved that lateral loads acting on bimodulous beam have no effect on the position of the neutral axis. Considering the shear effect, the differential equation of bimodulous beam bending was established, and the deflection expression of bimodulous beam was deduced. The results show that performance parameters of bimodulous material can be easily obtained with three-point bending method and four-point bending method. The experimental method for the determination of bimodular materials performance parameters is simple and feasible and has high precision, which can simultaneously measure the bending mode of the beam stiffness and shear stiffness, and can ensure the bending stiffness and shear stiffness of the same precision. The performance parameters of the experimental method can not only determine bimodular materials performance parameters, but also measure composite material performance parameters and isotropic material, which shows this method has strong universality.


In this paper we give an overview of Semantic Web technologies and the impact of these ones for multilingual Web. We present a possible solution for improving the quality of on-line translation systems, using mechanisms and standards from Semantic Web. We focus on Example based machine translation and the automatization of the translation examples extraction by means of RDF-repositories.


Maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) analyses using two mitochondrial (16S and cyt b) and two nuclear (CMOS and RAG1) genes and 103 specimens recovered the first phylogenies of all 23 extant species of Goniurosaurus. The analyses strongly supported the recognition of four monophyletic species groups with identical inter-specific relationships within the kuroiwae, lichtenfelderi, and yingdeensis groups but discordant topologies at some nodes within the luii group. Both analyses recovered a polyphyletic G. luii with respect to G. kadoorieorum, and owing to the lack of diagnostic characters in the latter, it is considered a junior synonym of G. luii. A stochastic character mapping analysis of karst versus non-karst habitat preference suggested that karstic landscapes may have played a major role in the evolution and diversification of Goniurosaurus. A karst habitat preference is marginally supported as the most probable ancestral condition for Goniurosaurus as well as for the kuroiwae, luii, and yingdeensis groups. However, a nonkarst habitat preference is marginally supported as the most probable ancestral condition for the lichtenfelderi group. Multivariate and univariate ecomorphological analyses of the karst-adapted G. catbaensis, G. huuliensis, and G. luii of the luii group and the granite-stream-adapted G. lichtenfelderi of the lichtenfelderi group demonstrated that their markedly statistically different body shapes may be an adaptive response that contributes to habitat partitioning in areas of northern Vietnam where they are nearly sympatric.


One of the most common causes of lack of continuity of online systems stems from a widely popular Cyber Attack known as Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS), in which a network of infected devices (botnet) gets exploited to flood the computational capacity of services through the commands of an attacker. This attack is made by leveraging the Domain Name System (DNS) technology through Domain Generation Algorithms (DGAs), a stealthy connection strategy that yet leaves suspicious data patterns. To detect such threats, advances in their analysis have been made. For the majority, they found Machine Learning (ML) as a solution, which can be highly effective in analyzing and classifying massive amounts of data. Although strongly performing, ML models have a certain degree of obscurity in their decision-making process. To cope with this problem, a branch of ML known as Explainable ML tries to break down the black-box nature of classifiers and make them interpretable and human-readable. This work addresses the problem of Explainable ML in the context of botnet and DGA detection, which at the best of our knowledge, is the first to concretely break down the decisions of ML classifiers when devised for botnet/DGA detection, therefore providing global and local explanations.


Dynamic similar models are designed to study the flight behavior of the full-scale aircraft in early design stages. Due to physical and operational constraints, full dynamic similarity between the scaled-down model and full-scale aircraft is not feasible. Thus, the scale model would be flying at different Reynolds number and Mach number. A given aircraft configuration with specific aerodynamic characteristics will have different performance if Mach number and Reynolds number are changed considerably, which results in different dynamic behavior of the scale model. To compensate for these dissimilarities, it is proposed to modify the airfoil geometry of the scale model to preserve aerodynamic similarity. In this study, based on the flight regime and design requirements, maximum thickness of the airfoil, maximum camber, and their respective location are modified to preserve aerodynamic characteristics at different Mach and Reynolds numbers. Geometry optimization was performed using Particle Swarm Optimization and the geometry optimization results show that it is possible to mitigate the change in Reynolds and Mach number in various flight conditions. It has been shown that optimized geometries of all test cases had airfoils with lower maximum thickness and slightly higher maximum camber.


In this article, we have studied the process of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) aggregation and to stop aggregation 0.3% Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) was used. Aggregation study carried out via UV-vis spectroscopy and it is reported that the absorption spectrum of spherical silver nanoparticles were found a maximum peak at 420 nm wavelength. Furthermore, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) were used to characterized the size and shape of AgNPs, where the average particle size is around 10 to 25 nm in diameter and the AgNPs shape is spherical. Next, Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) were used, owing to observed size distribution and self-correlation of AgNPs.


The purpose of this research is to find out how relevant it is related to the conversion of agricultural land use into community settlements and to see how the direct relationship if the conversion of agricultural land to non-agricultural land use continues. And what are the impacts that arise due to a shift in agricultural land which is increasingly narrowing due to the construction of settlements on this agricultural land. The research method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method. Based on the analysis carried out, the research results obtained that there is a direct relevance to the shift in the use of agricultural land into residential areas, either in the form of development or land clearing. This relevance occurs because with the conversion of agricultural land to non-agriculture in the form of a shift in its actual function to housing, the area of agricultural land becomes increasingly narrow. The availability of increasingly narrow rice fields can have a significant impact, both negative and positive.
Keywords: Conversion of agricultural land, Settlement
Keywords: Development, Infrastructure, Welfare of the Trucuk Community


With the thriving development of mass media, entertainment industry has enormous growth. The goal of entertainment agency is to establish an efficient career management system for individual artists. The research aims at developing an approach to evaluate the potential of entertainment artists and to construct their suitable career pathes. In this research, data mining techniques are applied to correlate degrees and types of media exposures and successes of artists. The technology forecasting methods are applied to foresee the future career paths for new artists. Thus, entertainment agencies can assess values of artists, plan appropriate marketing strategy, and cultivate talented artists by utilizing quantitative and systematic methodology.


The subject of the invention is the use of a compound of formula: ## STR3 ## wherein Y represents a 3-quinolinyl group, a 2-indolyl group of formula: (CF DRAWING IN BOPI) wherein R is hydrogen, an acetyl group or a CH2COOR 'group, where R' is hydrogen or a C1-C6 alkyl; C4 and X is a (hetero) aryl radical selected from 4-chloro-2,6-dimethoxyphenyl, 2,6-dimethoxy-4-methylphenyl, 2,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl, 4-methyl-2,3, 6-Trimethoxyphenyl, 2,6-dimethoxy-4-ethyl-phenyl, 2,4,6-trimethoxy-5-chlorophenyl, 2,4,6-trimethoxy-3-pyridinyl, 2,4-dimethoxy-6-methyl- 3-pyridinyl, 6-chloro-2,4-dimethoxy-5-pyrimidinyl, 2,4,6-trimethoxy-5-pyrimidinyl, 2,4-dimethoxy-6-methylthio-5-pyrimidinyl, Z represents H or methyl with the proviso that Z represents H when the (hetero) aryl radical is simultaneously substituted at positions 2 and 6, as well as their hydrates and and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof for the preparation of medicaments for combating diseases the treatment of which requires stimulation by total or partial agonism of the cholecystokinin receptors. Among these compounds some are new and constitute another object of the invention.


A method for forming a ruthenium-containing layer rough on the surface of the substrate assembly includes the steps of: providing a ruthenium-containing precursor into the reaction chamber. Rough ruthenium layer may be deposited on the surface of the substrate assembly at a rate of about 100A / minute to about 500A / minute by using the ruthenium-containing precursor. Furthermore, the rough ruthenium oxide layers provides about 100A / min and about 1200A / min ruthenium-containing precursor and an oxygen-containing precursor into the reaction chamber to deposit rough ruthenium oxide layers onto a surface of the substrate assembly at a rate of It may be formed by. The annealing may be performed to further increase the roughness of the layers of the layer. In addition, the conductive structure including a rough ruthenium layer or a rough ruthenium oxide layers is provided. The layers may be used in conjunction with ruthenium and / or rough ruthenium oxide layers that are non-abrasive to form the conductive structure. For example, the structure may be part of the capacitor structure such as the bottom electrode of the capacitor.


We studied the effect of the depletion charge in the polysilicon gate on electron mobility in ultrathin oxide MOSFETs. An improved theory for remote-charge-scattering-limited mobility in silicon inversion layers has been developed. It is shown that if the oxide is thin enough, the remote Coulomb scattering (RCS) due to the depletion charge in the polygate becomes an effective scattering mechanism, whose effect is comparable to those of the main scattering mechanisms that control the movement of the carriers in the MOSFET channel. The model is implemented in a Monte Carlo simulator, where the effects of the ionized impurities charge in the substrate, the interface trapped charge and the contribution of other scattering mechanisms are taken into account simultaneously. Our results show that RCS cannot be neglected for oxide thicknesses below 2 nm, but that its effects for t/sub ox/>5 nm are negligible. Good agreement with experimental results was obtained.


The simplest Poisson disorder problem has as its solution a stopping rule which prescribes the best time to check for a change in the parameter of a Poisson process using only observations of the process. For additive costs of early and late checks, an optimal rule is the solution of an optimal stopping problem, and it has the form : check for a change when the conditional probability of one, given the observations, exceeds some constant level. When the parameter change is from one large value to another, our previous technique for finding the optimal level breaks down because of numerical difficulties. This paper describes an application of singular perturbation theory and a renewal argument to the avoidance of those difficulties and the derivation of a perturbation approximation to the optimal stopping level.


This presentation does not deal with consistent distortions of the uterine fundus due to adhesions following an inflammatory process but with torsion and retroversion of the uterus due to a developmental anomaly of the sigmoid colon. Symptoms overlap the various fields of specialization and are of interest to the internist, orthopedist, abdominal surgeon, and gynecologist. The sigmoid colon crosses the brim of the true pelvis at the sacroiliac articulation of the left side to end in the rectum. With the brim of the pelvis divided into twelve segments, the symphysis may be placed at six o'clock, the left infundibulopelvic ligament at three o'clock, and the sacroiliac articulation at two o'clock. A colon that is moderatly distended because of constipation does not encroach on the infundibulopelvic vascular pedicle, which carries blood vessels, nevers, and lymphatics to the left overay and fallopian tube. Occasionally, however, the colon may be slightly displaced and


A cascaded acousto-optic tunable filter configuration has been proposed by employing two MgF2 sandwiches to separate the acoustic modulation regions. Experimental results show that the resonance peak loss exhibits sinusoid-like dependence on the grating spacing.


Percutaneous atrial septal defect (ASD) closure is getting safer in expert hands and popular amongst patients. But it has certain drawbacks which includes rare complication like pulmonary edema after device closure of atrial septal defect that we encountered in a 45 years old post menopausal female. Chest x-ray images, 2D-echo findings in post operative period and intra operative images of fluoroscopy used for to arrive at confirmed diagnosis of the cause of pulmonary edema in this patient.


This paper discusses the productivity enhancement of solar desalination systems with and without application of heat energy storage materials which is commonly known as phase change material (PCM). The PCM is attached beneath the basin liner of the solar still to store thermal energy in the form of latent heat during daytime and discharges heat energy during nighttime to the basin water. With application of PCM, solar still can be operated in the night also depending on the total thermal capacity of PCM. The use of common PCM like paraffin wax, MgSO4-7H2O, CH3COONa, K2Cr2O7, stearic acid etc has been attempted by academicians and researchers. The stearic acid improved the evaporative heat transfer coefficient by 27% and the daily productivity doubled almost when the still is used with PCM. The use of double pass solar air collector coupled with modified solar still using PCM been used to enhance the freshwater productivity, on double pass solar air collector coupled with modified still the freshwater productivity is 108% higher than the conventional still.


: Background : Low-income families often depend on fuels such as wood, coal, and animal dung for cooking. Such solid fuels are highly polluting and are a primary source of indoor air pollutants (IAP). We examined the association between solid fuel use (SFU) and acute respiratory infection (ARI) among under-five children in Afghanistan and the extent to which this association varies by socioeconomic status (SES) and gender. Materials and Methods : This is a cross-sectional study based on de-identified data from Afghanistan's first standard Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) conducted in 2015. The sample consists of ever-married mothers with under-five children in the household ( n = 27,565). We used mixed-e ff ect Poisson regression models with robust error variance accounting for clustering to examine the associations between SFU and ARI among under-five children after adjusting for potential confounders. We also investigated potential e ff ect modification by SES and sex. Additional analyses were conducted using an augmented measure of the exposure to IAP accounting for both SFU and the location of cooking / kitchen (High Exposure, Moderate, and No Exposure). Results : Around 70.2% of households reported SFU, whereas the prevalence of ARI was 17.6%. The prevalence of ARI was higher in children living in households with SFU compared to children living in households with no SFU (adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR) = 1.10; 95% CI: (0.98, 1.23)). We did not observe any e ff ect modification by SES or child sex. When using the augmented measure of exposure incorporating the kitchen's location, children highly exposed to IAP had a higher prevalence of ARI compared to unexposed children (aPR = 1.17; 95% CI: (1.03, 1.32)). SES modified this association with the strongest associations observed among children from the middle wealth quintile. Conclusion : The findings have significant policy implications and suggest that ARI risk in children may be reduced by ensuring there are clean cookstoves as well as clean fuels and acting on the socio-environmental pathways.


Abstract The paper deals with the analysis of load-carrying capacity (LCC) of a thin-walled steel beam under compression the axis of which is randomly spatially curved. Open and close thin-walled crosssections are considered for the beam, respectively. The initial curvature is modelled by a random field. The Latin Hypercube Sampling Method was applied. The load carrying capacity is calculated by geometrically nonlinear solution using ANSYS software. The results are presented both in histograms and in a table. The LCC statistical characteristics of beams with open and closed crosssections have been compared. A comparison with the LCC according to the standards is carried out as well.


An elongate, board-like insulating element made of thermoplastic for thermal insulation preferably of the outer walls of building structures has in cross section approximately the form of a flat trough, in the depression of which a thermally insulating and air permeable layer, e.g. of mineral fibres or the like, is disposed. With this design of the insulating element a relatively wide depression occurs on its reverse side, which is filled with a thermally insulating but air permeable layer. A loss of the heat transfer resistance which may occur in this area as a result of reduced material thickness of the insulation element itself is compensated by this, the air circulation, however, being only insignificantly restricted.


Some have credited Coleridge's Kuhla Khan with a "magic" lacking to almost every other poem in English. Though more finished in its artistry, Kuhla Khan is, however, no more "magic" than parts of Chatterton's African Eclogues; in fact, as E. H. W. Meyerstein in his excellent Life of Chatterton was apparently the first critic to point out, there are sundry arresting likenesses between these Eclogues and Kuhla Khan. Since the Rowley poet is in his strange "romantic" way similar to Coleridge, is it possible to penetrate the "shaping spirit of imagination" behind the African Eclogues, as Mr. Lowes has penetrated the imagination behind Kuhla Khan? The purpose of this discussion is to show the manifold effects of the Rev. Alexander Catcott's Treatise on the Deluge on three "magic" poems.


Understanding and modelling the users' perceptual quality of a video are the key steps towards improving multimedia service provision. In this paper, we take an analytical approach to study the joint impact of spatial and temporal resolution on the perceptual video quality. First, we map the subjective quality data as an evaluation function in terms of the spatial resolution and frame rate, which reflect the major features of web video quality. Second, we use ε-Support Vector Regression (ε-SVR) with Radial Basis Function (RBF) kernel to give a more accurate hybrid temporal-spatial quality evaluation model so as to predict the perceptual video quality. The comprehensive subjective quality experiments were carried out to construct and validate this model. The experimental results demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed model. Besides, the quality model can be easily deployed in a practical multimedia delivery system.


Abstract Surgical aortic valve replacement represents a class one indication in the setting of aortic valve endocarditis and decompensated heart failure secondary to aortic regurgitation as per the European Society of Cardiology. However, extreme obesity, whereby the body mass index (BMI) >40 kg/m2, represents a challenging cohort of patients. Performing cardiac surgery in the bariatric population is fraught with challenges pertaining to intraoperative issues of surgical access and approach. We describe the case of a 45-year-old gentleman who had previous been diagnosed with infective endocarditis of the aortic valve and with a BMI of 68.2 (228 kg). Surgical aortic valve replacement in extreme obesity is associated with deep sternal wound infection, requirement and duration of mechanical ventilation, atrial fibrillation and renal failure. The 'obesity paradox' of overweight and class I obesity (BMI <35) has demonstrated favourable long-term results compared with underweight patients or even those with normal BMI undergoing cardiac surgery.


coveries. The whole world of science is devoted rather to devising methods of destruction rather than construction, and this must be so till German pride and power has been humbled. We can, however, report much of interest during the year. Our pages have contained many columns of military medical interest, but we would welcome many more. The reports of a medical society in besieged Kut and in Waziristan


Today, one must state that most women in Afghanistan find themselves in a similar repressive situation as during the Taliban regime. Besides some initial positive developments in the fields of education, political participation, health care and employment thanks to the armed intervention of the international community, not many aspects have improved in a substantial manner for most Afghan women and girls. According to several observers and human rights organisations, women in Afghanistan continue to be among the worst off within and beyond South Asia. Despite relevant commitments of the former Karzai government, women are facing all kinds of social atrocities, political limitations and sufferings from traditional practices, which are neither in line with the Afghan constitution, nor with national and international laws. The situation further deteriorated after the withdrawal of the bulk of international troops, which paved the path for the comeback of the Taliban and other Islamic fundamentalist groups, as well as the growing influence of religious clerics within the Afghan state and society. Having this in mind, the article attempts to shed some light on the most significant trajectories contributing to the worsening of the status of Afghan women.


This paper deals with the performance improvement of soft iterative decoders in impulsive interference modeled by additive noise. In case of α-stable noise, the inputs of the belief propagation decoder are too complex to compute. We propose to use an approximation of the log likelihood ratio in an impulsive environment. Even with this simplification, we show that the performance stays close to the one obtained using the true probability density function. Moreover, the robustness of our solution against the parameter estimation is investigated.


The mechanical durability of membranes used in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) is directly linked to the stresses that evolve in the membrane during fuel cell operation. The stresses are primarily induced due to the swelling of the membrane as it absorbs water, within the mechanical constraints in the fuel cell assembly. Thus, in order to predict the membrane stresses, the water content in the perfluorosulphonic acid (PFSA) membranes is determined numerically via three different absorption models based on experimentally determined water uptake data from the literature. Two models are based on a single, humidity‐dependent Fickian transport coefficient for the bulk PFSA membrane. In the third, two transport properties are modeled to account for a possible difference in transport resistance between the bulk membrane and the outer surface. The membrane sorption behaviors characterized from these three models are then independently incorporated in a representative fuel cell finite element model and subjected to a standard relative humidity (RH) protocol designed for measuring mechanical durability of PEMFCs. The results show that the sorption behavior has a significant effect on the membrane stresses and therefore, may impact the lifetime of the membrane.


This paper investigates the application of nonorthogonal multiple access in millimeter-Wave communications (mmWave-NOMA) with hybrid beamforming. A user grouping algorithm is first proposed according to channel gains and channel correlations. Whereafter, a joint hybrid beamforming and power allocation problem is formulated to maximize the achievable sum rate (ASR). To solve this problem, we first obtain the solution of power allocation under arbitrary fixed hybrid beamforming. Then, we utilize the zero-forcing method to design the digital beamforming to minimize the inter-group interference, and solve the analog beamforming problem using a proposed boundary-compressed particle swarm optimization algorithm. Simulation results show that the proposed approach outperforms the state-of-the-art schemes and the conventional mmWave orthogonal multiple access system in terms of the ASR.


Evaluation of Soil Quality Based on Geographical Information Systems in Paddy Fields of East Denpasar District to Determine Land Management Directions. This study aims to determine soil quality, limiting factors, mapping of soil quality, and provide management directions or recommendations. This research was conducted in the rice fields of East Denpasar District from November 2020 to January 2021. This research was conducted using survey methods, soil analysis in the laboratory, and determination of soil quality. Soil samples were taken by purposive sampling technique on each homogeneous land unit. The homogenous land units determination is done by overlaying the soil types, slope maps and land use of the East Denpasar Subdistrict. Soil quality indicators measured as minimum data sets (MDS): soil bulk density, soil texture, porosity, field capacity water content, pH, C-organic, CEC, base saturation, nutrients (N, P and K), and C-biomass. The results of soil quality determination at each homogenous land units are mapped with QGIS 3.8.3 software and then the land management direction is determined for each homogenous land units. The results showed that the soil quality at the research site was classified as good at SLH 1 (Subak Padanggalak, Biaung, Poh Manis, Temaga, Taman, Dlod Sema and Buaji) and 3 (Subak Buaji, Padanggalak, Temaga, Taman, Anggabaya, Uma Desa and Uma Layu) with SQR values of 24 and 23. SLH 2 (Subak Biaung and Buaji), 4 (Subak Padanggalak), 5 (Subak Taman, Padanggalak and Paang) and 6 (Subak Paang and Saba) showed moderate soil quality with SQR scores were 26, 26, 27 and 27, respectively. The limiting factors in the study area include: N, P, texture, field capacity water content and C-biomass. It is recommended to cultivate the soil using a tractor and fertilize it with manure, urea and SP-36 in paddy fields.


Application maintenance is an important part of SDLC (Systems Development Life Cycle). Possible maintenance issues have to be considered during the initial application design and development. The aim of this paper is to present how database and GUI can be designed in an object-oriented way, and to investigate whether such design can contribute to reduction of maintenance costs. Benefits of such approach are expected to be particularly noticeable in large scale applications that are expected to evolve and experience profound changes. Costs of maintenance as well as time required for potential modifications of application which is designed in accordance to the proposed methodology can be significantly reduced. Proposed methodology is compared with traditional application design which is based on relational database and user interface development using Rapid UI tools.


The multi-component metal sorption by animal bones was examined using single, binary, and ternary systems composed of Cu2+, Zn2+, and Ni2+. Four isotherm models, namely Freundlich, Langmuir, Sips, and Ideal Adsorption Solution Theory (IAST) were used in this study to predict the equilibrium uptake for Cu2+, Zn2+, and Ni2+ in binary solutions using the single adsorption constants, obtained by the single isotherm experimental data. Sorption was suppressed by the presence of other metal ions in the binary or ternary sorption processes. The Langmuir, Freundlich, and Sips isotherm models were found to represent the experimental data of a single isotherm sorption process. Whereas, the predictions of binary sorption isotherm systems, Cu2+–Ni2+, Zn2+–Cu2+, Ni2+–Zn2+, showed good agreement with experimental data when using all models except Langmuir.


Prior observations of isotopically substituted CO in Lynds 134 are used to discuss the spatial behavior of the (CO)/(/sup 13/CO) abundance ratio as a function of visual extinction in the cloud. (CO)/(/sup 13/CO) is determined from both LTE and non-LTE evaluations of the double ratio (/sup 13/CO)/: C/sup 18/O) by subsequent application of an assumed constant, terrestrial oxygen isotope ratio. It is found that (CO)/(/sup 13/CO) is roughly terrestrial toward the central regions of L134 where A/sub ..nu../> or approx. =7 mag, and decreases in the cloud periphery where A/sub ..nu../ is lower. These results are in qualitative agreement with theoretical expectation for a low-temperature, chemically fractionated dark cloud, in which preferential /sup 13/CO enhancement is driven in low-extinction regions by the charge exchange /sup 13/C/sup +/+/sup 12/CO..-->../sup 12/C+/sup 13/CO. The impact of this result on previous studies of the carbon isotope ratio (/sup 12/C)/(/sup 13/C) in the sense interstellar medium is discussed.


The present invention is applicable to the field of information processing technologies, and provides a method and a device for obtaining product information and a computer storage medium. The method comprises: collecting, from a common platform, original information related to a product and commented by a user; filtering the collected original information; analyzing the filtered information, and obtaining relevance information related to the product; and performing counting and analyzing after classifying the obtained relevance information, and obtaining user feedback information related to the product. By means of the present invention, the problem in the prior art that when the user feedback information related to the product is obtained, the cost is high, the efficiency is low, platform is biased and quantitative data cannot be obtained to improve the accuracy can be effectively solved.


The authors aim to determine if fire records vary spatially between northern versus central Greenland sites as well as if transport patterns of the various biomass burning markers affected the fire records. Such a comparison of different fire markers in Greenland ice cores is a worthwhile goal, although the authors should highlight that some of their assumptions and conclusions are specific to Greenland. The first twothirds of the paper are detailed and provide well-rounded explanations, while the final third feels rushed with a conclusion of the necessity of extracting more ice cores across Greenland for better spatial representation of these markers.


BOOK: PHYTOTECHNOLOGIES FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: 12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE, 27-30 SEPTEMBER 2015, MANHATTAN, KS International Phytotechnology Society & Kansas State University, 144 pp, 2015 Kansas State University hosted the 12th International Phytotechnologies Conference to provide scientists, engineers, consultants, policy regulators, and other interested individuals the opportunity to explore and discuss how recent developments in plant-based cleanup strategies address current and emerging environmental challenges. https://conferences.k-state.edu/phytotech2015/files/2015/09/80333-IPC-Abstract_Final-1hbvawr.pdf — See also the abstract book for the 11th International Phytotechnologies Conference (Heraklion, Crete, Greece, September 30-October 3, 2014) at http://phytosociety.org/img/docs/abstracts-crete-2014.pdf. Selected papers from the 2014 conference were published in a special issue of the International Journal of Phytoremediation (Vol 18 No 6, 2016). See the table of contents for that issue at http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/bijp20/18/6. The Technology Innovation News Survey welcomes your comments and suggestions, as well as information about errors for correction. Please contact Michael Adam of the U.S. EPA Office of Superfund Remediation and Technology Innovation at firstname.lastname@example.com or (703) 603-9915 with any comments, suggestions, or corrections. Mention of non-EPA documents, presentations, or papers does not constitute a U.S. EPA endorsement of their contents, only an acknowledgment that they exist and may be relevant to the Technology Innovation News Survey audience. 4 of 4 clu-in.org/newsletters Technology Innovation News Survey Entries for February 16-29, 2016


Abstract We investigate the transferability of an enhanced temperature-index melt model that was developed and tested on Haut Glacier d'Arolla, Switzerland, in the 2001 season. The model's empirical parameters (temperature factor, TF, and shortwave radiation factor, SRF) are recalibrated for: (1) other locations on Haut Glacier d'Arolla; (2) subperiods of distinct meteorological conditions; (3) different years on Haut Glacier d'Arolla; and (4) other glaciers in different years. The model parameters are optimized against simulations of an energy-balance model validated against ablation observations. Results are compared with those obtained with the original parameters. The model works very well when applied to other sites, seasons and glaciers, with the exception of overcast conditions. Differences are due to underestimation of high melt rates. The parameter values are associated with the prevailing energy-balance conditions, showing that high SRF are obtained on clear-sky days, whereas higher TF are typical of locations where glacier winds prevail and turbulent fluxes are high. We also provide a range of parameters clearly associated with the site's location and its meteorological characteristics that could help to assign parameter values to sites where few data are available.


Laminates with unidirectional (UD) fiber orientation of three different commingled yarns, comprising poly(amide-12) and poly(butylene-terephthalate) fibers blended with stretch broken carbon fibers (CF), were produced at different processing conditions. The achieved laminate quality was evaluated by means of void content measurement, mechanical testing along and transverse to the fiber direction, and optical microscopy. It was found that - under the investigated processing conditions - the cooling/consolidation time is not sufficiently long to obtain laminates with satisfactorily low void content, unless a commingled yarn with exceptionally intimate blending quality is employed. Incomplete fiber impregnation resulted in a drastic decrease of transverse tensile strength as compared with values obtained for compression-molded reference laminates. Stamp forming of carbon and poly(butylene-terephthalate) fiber commingled yarn with extraordinary degree of commingling delivered laminates with as low void contents as 1% at some processing conditions, but fiber-matrix adhesion was not satisfactory. Nevertheless, the presented carbon and poly(butylene-terephthalate) fiber commingled yarn offers great potential to be successively processed by stamp forming, as the interfacial adhesion problem is expected to be solved by using optimized fiber sizing.


The type of the research conducted by the writer is descriptive research, which explains a certain situation by giving a description systematically about one variable appropriate with the fact of the research. The title of this research is "Analysis of Public Company Financial Performance of the National Housing Development (PERUM PERUMNAS) Regional VI". The purpose of this research is to know the financial performance of Perum Perumnas Regional VI in 2008-2010 by using Du Pont System method. This research is aimed to add information and references for companies decisions making about financial condition from Du Pont System analysis for financial report in determining monetary performance related to developed performance in a company. This type of research is study case. Analysis data technique used for this research is Time Series Analysis method and Cross Section Analysis method. Data used in this research is balance sheet and income statement in 2008 to 2010.
Based on the results of the research conducted can be concluded that performance of Perum Perumnas Regional VI has some result. Du Pont System through Cross Section Analysis on 2008 ROI is 35.977% which include healthy category, while on 2009 and 2010 is categorized into unhealthy result. Because of the result of ROI is 5.410% and 12.827% is less than standard performance evaluation of BUMN which has ROI for 14%. Then, Time Series Analysis on 2008 to 2009 is categorized into reduction result because it has reduction result for (30.567%) and on 2009 to 2010 turn out to increase for 7.417%, then it is categorized into increasing result.


Demonstration of oxy-coal combustion is being planned for the old Youngdong unit 1 boiler in South Korea. The boiler is to be retrofitted to an opposed-wall-firing type with 100 MWe capacity for demonstration of oxy-fuel combustion while maintaining the original furnace shape of downshot firing. It is to be operated under oxy-coal combustion mode during demonstration periods while continuing commercial operation under air-coal mode. Since the retrofit boiler has an unconventional furnace of a very wide burner zone followed by a narrow upper chamber, it is essential to evaluate the combustion and heat transfer characteristics in finalizing the detailed design. This study investigated the combustion and heat transfer under airand oxy-fuel combustion in the Youngdong retrofit boiler using computational fluid dynamics. The boiler has 8 swirl burners each on the front and rear walls with overfire air used for the air-coal model. In the simulations, the rate of devolatilization and composition of volatiles released were determined by using FLASHCHAIN. The heterogeneous char reactions with O2, CO2 and H2O were predicted by the unreacted-core shrinking model. Subsequent reactions in the gas phase were calculated for 8 global reactions of tar and other intermediate chemical species. The discrete ordinate method was applied for radiation with an advanced model for gas emissivity. The results show that the boiler achieved good combustion in both combustion modes for the sub-bituminous coal considered as design fuel. Although the burner zone has a large heat transfer area, the presence of refractory lining on the side wall was helpful in maintaining sufficiently high temperature to complete the char conversion. However, the contribution of gasification by CO2 and H2O to char conversion was significantly high (40~46%) in both combustion modes, due to the reduced mixing between O2 and char in the wide burner zone. This trend in char conversion was different from a front-wall firing boiler with the same capacity, in which the char was converted mostly (80~90%) by oxidation. Compared to the air-coal mode, the heat flux on the wall was about 6% lower under the oxy-coal mode at 27 vol.% of O2 in the oxidizer. Local regions of very high heat flux need to be considered in further development of the process.


Time evolution operator theory has been applied to test the validity of previously derived Rabi formula analogs for double and triple photon absorption processes. The time evolution operator technique involves numerical integration of the differential equation for the time evolution operator in the interaction representation using a rigid rotor model system. The Rabi formula analogs for double and triple photon absorption derived by Oka and Shirley, respectively, break down when nearest neighbor energy levels not directly involved in the multiple photon absorption process were included in the calculation. In addition, the level shift interactions for single, double, and triple photon absorption processes were found to extend only as far as the nearest neighbor energy levels.


Metaphonological sensitivity to the component sounds of spoken words has been shown to develop in conjunction with alphabetic literacy. It is generally presumed that skilled readers possess and display a high degree of phonemic awareness. Data are presented that challenge this claim and indicate that many mature readers are unexpectedly inaccurate on phonemic awareness tasks. Alternative hypotheses about the nature and development of phonemic sensitivity in children and adults are considered. Implications for teacher training are also discussed.


The present study examined outcomes for youth in foster care who participated in an asset-based camp designed to build youth assets and facilitate adoption. The study addresses youth perceptions of their assets and the relationship between assets and adoption status. Youth perceived that their assets increased over time and adopted youth reported having more assets than youth who were not adopted. An asset-based approach may lead to positive outcomes for youth in foster care.


There is huge amount of data in social networks, where people post their opinion on a topic, or share their information. But people often don't provide their personal data, like gender, age and other demographics. Research can be done on this data to develop applications of sentiment analysis, but the success rate is restricted by the number of words in the dictionaries as they do not consider all the words which reflect the sentiment in our messages as most of the communication on social networks is non-standard language with small messages. Moreover, with contemporary technology it is quite easy to create profile with false age, gender and location which provides criminals an easy way to deceive. Thus we can analyze the text messages posted by the user on social network platform. As per the research done so far, age is one of the important parameter in the user profile which reveals the important information about the typical behavior among same age group users. An analysis is done with more than 4000 tuples which contains relevant parameters like number of friends, length of message, number of likes, number of hash tags and comments are considered for the classification. In this study, we use the user profile information for the prediction of age group, which we collected using Facebook API. In this paper we classified the users into two age groups teenagers and adults using different Machine learning algorithms like deep convolutional neural networks, Multilayer perceptron, Random forest , SVM and Decision trees. Among all these algorithms deep convolutional neural network stands out to be the best among all of them reaching the best performance with an accuracy of 94%.


As the small-scale and multi-specification of the watt-hour meter,a new energy metering IC RN8302 with wide dynamic range has been used in this paper.It designs a smart watt-hour meter of three-phase and four-wire.The watt-hour meter support pre-paid and time-of use electricity price.It has RS485,modulation infrared communication and buttons.It also has the infrared awaken meter reading function when power is cut.In this paper,the design of the system,the input circuit of analog signal,the interface circuit of RN8302 and MCU and the realization of software have been introduced.The test of sample watt-hour meter shows that in the 20mA~100A current range,the measurement error of active energy is less than ± 0.3%.The electric energy metering achieves high-precision and wide-range.Besides,the number of the watt-hour meter's specification has reduced.


Abstract "Recurrent Vaginal and Cervical Ulcers Associated With Tampon Use," Steven M. Weissberg, Melvin G. Dodson. Three cases of recurrent vaginal and cervical ulcers were associated with tampon use. We review the diagnosis, treatment, and management and discuss the possible etiologic mechanisms. Prevention of recurrent ulceration may be best approached by discontinuation of tampon use. (Journal of the American Medical Association 1983;250:1430–1431)


The composition that comprises following component: component A) the beta naphthal compound of the 1-imidazoles methyl-replacement of a kind of general formula (I), wherein R
 1 , R
 2 And R
 3 Be respectively H independently of each other; C
 1-17 Alkyl; C
 3-12 Cycloalkyl, optional by C
 1-4 Alkyl group replaces; C
 4-20 Cycloalkyl-alkyl, optional by C
 1-4 Alkyl group replaces; C
 6-10 Aryl, optional by 1-3 C
 1-4 Alkyl group replaces; C
 7-15 The benzene alkyl, optional by 1-3 C
 1-4 Alkyl group replaces; C
 3-17 Thiazolinyl; C
 3-12 Alkynyl; Or aromatics or aliphatics C
 3-12 Acyl group; R
 4 , R
 5 , R
 6 , R
 7 , R
 8 , and R
 9 Be respectively H independently of each other; C
 1-12 Alkyl; C
 3-12 Cycloalkyl, optional by C
 1-4 Alkyl group replaces; C
 4-20 Cycloalkyl-alkyl, optional by C
 1-4 Alkyl group replaces; C
 6-10 Aryl, optional by 1-3 C
 1-4 Alkyl group replaces; C
 7-15 The benzene alkyl, optional by 1-3 C
 1-4 Alkyl group replaces; C
 3-17 Thiazolinyl; C
 3-12 Alkynyl; C
 1-12 Alkoxyl group; Or OH; And B component) under a kind of room temperature be liquid phenol, component A) and B component) weight ratio be 10: 90-80: 20.Be used as compression moulding material, sintered powder, encapsulation system, casting resin, or have the prepreg and the laminated product of good interlaminar shear strength, or, particularly be used as promotor in the curable epoxy resin composition of high surface area parts producing component in dipping method or injection production.


Mand S, Pfarr K, Sahoo PK, et al. Macrofilaricidal activity 1. and amelioration of lymphatic pathology in bancroftian filariasis after 3 weeks of doxycycline followed by single-dose diethylcarbamazine. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2009;81:702-11. Hotopp JC, Clark ME, Oliveira DC, et al. Widespread lateral 2. gene transfer from intracellular bacteria to multicellular eukaryotes. Science 2007;317:1753-6.


Student's theorem is an important result in statistics which states that for normal population, the sample variance is independent from the sample mean and has a chi-square distribution. The existing proofs of this theorem either overly rely on advanced tools such as moment generating functions, or fail to explicitly construct an orthogonal matrix used in the proof. This paper provides an elegant explicit construction of that matrix, making the algebraic proof complete. The constructive algebraic proof proposed here is thus very suitable for being included in textbooks.


This essay offers numerous ideas on how to integrate science and history into classroom pedagogy in a way that acknowledges the contributions of women and other groups underrepresented in science by highlighting the cultural and political contexts in which science developed rather than by adding token individuals to a history of science still largely defined by the achievements of a few great men. It details how students in a General Education class co-taught by a botanist and a historian of science at the Evergreen State College not only gained skills in field botany and vegetation analysis but also became more informed about how modern scientific disciplines took shape. Recognizing that race, class, and gender have played a role in how science developed, the students' understanding of the complicated legacy of scientific inquiry gave them tools to be more rigorous in their thinking about scientific practice. This interdisciplinary approach, so crucial in fostering inclusivity in scientific disciplines, also promoted a deeper engagement with historical inquiry.


This paper intends to analyze the opportunities for German companies in the onshore wind power market of the Russian Federation. The model will consist of the following methods: Pestel Analysis, Porter's Five Forces and the SWOT Analysis. Each method has its advantages and disadvantages, yet in combination, they create an approximate holistic and elaborated assessment of the market situation and the company's opportunities. The external market environment will be analyzed with the Pestel Analysis and the external industry environment with Five Forces Analysis. The internal strengths and weaknesses of a company will be analyzed with the SWOT Analysis. As an example, some potential companies entering the market are going to be mentioned. Introduction The production of wind power has developed enormously over the last decades. Reasons for the strong development were the need for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, the reduction of the dependence on energy imports but also economic growth. In 2016, 54 GW of wind power have been installed worldwide and the total installed wind power capacity has reached 486 GW. The leading countries in that development are the USA, Germany, India, Spain and China [1]. In comparison, Russia is among the countries with the highest emissions world wide and clearly dragging behind in this development. Russia has an enormous potential for the development of wind energy but will need the technologies and expertise of international companies from countries like Germany to develop its wind energy industry. At the same time, the Russian market can become a new and profitable market for wind power and an opportunity for German companies to grow and expand in the near future. Theoretical Background Wind energy does not have an important role in the Russian energy mix. The installed capacity is less than 1% of the total electricity production [2]. There are currently ten wind farms in the MW scale operating in Russia with a total capacity of about 17 MW. Most projects are located in the south of Russia's European part although some parts in this areas have less favorable wind conditions but a high population density and a well developed transmission grid. Russia has the world's biggest wind resources and could also become Europe's largest producer and exporter of wind energy [3,4]. The German wind industry, on the other hand, is very well developed and had a good performance in recent years [5]. The development of renewable energy has many advantages as it can foster economic growth, diversify the energy mix, improve energy security, reduce costs of energy supply to remote regions and help to achieve international commitments as the Paris Agreement [4,6]. Methods The analysis of the Russian wind power market and the chances for German companies follows the pattern displayed in Figure 1. The model consists of the following methods: Pestel Analysis, Porter's Five Forces and the SWOT Analysis. These methods have proven to be effective in the analysis of a company's surrounding and business opportunities and are widely used in academic International Conference on Education Reform and Management Science (ERMS 2018) Copyright © 2018, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 177


Effective methods, simple and reliable of in vitro propagation of tea plants have successfully been established. The growth of shoots in culture of shoot tips and axillary buds was remarkably accelerated when the media were mixed with the combination ofBA(0.1-1.0 mg//)+ GA 3 (5.0 mg/l) or BA(l.O, 5.0 mg/I)+ GAp.O mg/l). And it was observed that the axillary bud culture provided a more effective method, which was easier, simpler and quicker in securing the growth of shoots, as compared with the shoot tip culture. Differentiation of organs was observed on adventitious embryos (cotyledons used as the explants) and adventitious buds (stem segments used as the explants) cultured on the media containing BA(l.0-5.0 mg//) and IAA(0.01-1.0 mg//)+ GA 3 (1.0-5.0 mg//), respectively. A small shoot each developed from these differentiated adventitious embryos and buds on the same media. As the number of shoots grown was limited, passage culture by in vitro cutting of nodal segment culture with axillary buds was repeated to propagate them, for which the optimum combinations of hormones were IBA(0.1 mg//)+ BA(l.O mg//)+ GA3(5.0 mg/l) or IBA(0.1 mg/l) + BA(0.1 mg/l) + 2iP(5.0mg/l) + GA 3 (5.0 mg/l). By repeating this technique of nodal segment culture every 2 months, at least 47,000 (i.e. 66) plantlets could be multiplied from an original plantlet in a year. And rooting from these shoots was easily induced on 1/2 or 114 MS media incorporated with IBA(0.5-1.0 mg//). Discipline: Tea industry /Biotechnology


The problem of high-dimensional feature vector in vector space model (VSM) is an important problem in text classification. After preprocessing the initial number of feature items is generally huge, and many of them for text categorization are useless. This will not only increase the running time of the classification algorithm, but also affect the classification of the text. Previous studies after comparison of various feature extraction methods, it is concluded that the conclusion of CHI and MI method is better, but these methods are different degrees of exist some disadvantages. In this paper, we try to analyze the shortcomings of CHI and Ml method, and propose the viewpoint of parameter correction. Finally, the two methods are fused together, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the classification effect.


A novel mathematical framework is proposed for studying bounded renewals in a two-unit system. The system is assumed to be composed of a main unit (MU) and a supervisor unit (SU). The SU is considered critical for the operation of the system, i.e., when the SU fails, the whole system shuts down and no more maintenance/repair can be conducted. The MU can undertake corrective maintenance (i.e., either full replacement or as-good-as-new repair) as long as the SU has not failed. In the framework studied here, each failure of MU is taken to be prognostic of an imminent failure of SU and thus, whenever MU fails, a preventive full replacement is done for SU. The mean number of renewals of MU under the bounded lifetime of SU in such a scenario, as well as in a simpler one where the SU is never maintained, are analyzed by expanding the standard renewal theory for arbitrary lifetime distributions of MU and SU. Closed-form approximations for the new bounded renewal functions are also obtained. The bounded renewal functions and their approximations are validated by Monte Carlo simulations for various combinations of distributions.


ABSTRACT Irfan Bagus Irawan. K2313031. REMEDIATION OF PHYSICS LEARNING THAT USING THE COOPERATIVE MODEL TYPE MAKE A MATCH AND MIND MAPPING AT NEWTON'S LAW OF GRAVITATION TO INCREASE COGNITIVE ABILITY OF STUDENT GRADE X MIA 4 SMA NEGERI 3 BOYOLALI. Essay, Surakarta: Teacher Training and Education Faculty, Sebelas Maret University, October 2017. The purpose of this research is to know the effect of remediation of Physics learning that using cooperative model type make a match and mind mapping at Newton's Law of Gravitation to increase cognitive ability of grade X students MIA 4 SMA Negeri 3 Boyolali Academic Year 2016/2017. This research was a Classrom Action Research with Kemmis and Mc. Taggart model. This reseach was conducted in two cycles, each cycle consists of four stages : planning, action, implementation, observation, and reflection. The subjects of the reseach were students of class X MIA 4 MIPA SMA Negeri 3 Boyolali, consisted of 33 students. Data collection techniques used interview technique, document review, and tests. Instruments used was validated by supervisors with certain stages. Based on the data analyze, it can be concluded that remediation of physics learning that using cooperative model type make a match and mind mapping on the Newton's Law of Gravitation can improved the cognitive ability of students of grade MIA 4 MIPA SMA Negeri 3 Boyolali. This can be seen from the improvement of percentage of mastery in the students of class XI MIA 4 on the formative test on the subject of e Newton's Law of Gravitation. Before the action percentage of completeness as much as 30,30 %, then in the first cycle increased to 69,70 %, then on the second cycle increased again to 100 %. So it can be said that all of students of grade MIA 4 MIPA SMA Negeri 3 Boyolali can fulfill the Criteria of Minimum Completeness (75) wich has been determined by the school after followed remediation that using cooperative model type make a match and mind mapping model at Newton's Law of Gravitation. Keywords : Remediation of Physics Learning, Make a Match and Mind Mapping, Cognitive Ability, Newton's Law Of Gravitation.


A major problem in using two-camera stereo machine vision to perform real-world tasks, such as visual object tracking, is deciding where to position the cameras. Humans accomplish the analogous task by positioning their heads and eyes for optimal stereo effects. This paper describes recent work toward developing automated control strategies for camera motion in stereo machine vision systems for mobile robot navigation. Our goal is to achieve fast, reliable pursuit of a target while avoiding obstacles. Our strategy results in smooth, stable camera motion despite robot and target motion. Our algorithm has been shown to be successful at navigating a mobile robot, mediating visual target tracking and ultrasonic obstacle detection. The architecture, hardware, and simulation results are discussed.


By observing simultaneously in multiple directions with the middle and upper atmosphere phased-array radar, we have been able to measure the horizontal structure produced by waves in the ionospheric density. We find that our data are most clearly ordered on a contour plot of the horizontal gradient of the electron density versus time and altitude. These plots show a periodic oscillation of the gradient with a downward phase progression below 400 km altitude but very nearly vertical wave fronts above that altitude. A simulation of this effect with a simple wave formulation provides a strikingly good comparison with the measurements.


A signal acquisition system for the number of projectiles in the fire control system based on Proteus's AT89C51 single-chip microcomputer is proposed. Take 89C51 microcontroller as the control core, Tested and analyzed the projectile signal of a tank gun with its rich peripheral interface and I/O resources. Then, the amount of initial velocity reduction is determined according to the number of projectiles of each type of artillery. The system has completed the collection, storage and calculation of a certain type of tank gun projectile signal, and has an interface for communication with the host computer. It can complete the information transmission with the fire control computer, and has the advantages of small size, simple structure and easy implementation. It has certain application value for the automatic correction of the initial velocity reduction of tank guns. It also provides some reference for the system design of the military department.


Equatorial Guinea has conventionally, and often uncritically, been approached under the sign of two interrelated clichés. On the one hand, the linguistic ostracism derived from being the only nation state in Africa in which Spanish is the official language is often invoked as a defining and essentializing condition. On the other, its limited territorial extension and demographic density (some 28,050 sq km, and fewer than 1 million inhabitants) has been seen as the raison d'être for the country's invisibility, even within the continent itself. Colonial configurations have more or less fixed these numerical facts, but their centrality can be interrogated; one of the main projects of European expansion in Africa was, after all, the imposition of a new world of territorially-bounded nation-states (Ballantyne). The time has come to move beyond obstructive representational markers and anxieties, direct inheritances of imperial scrambles, and to allow Equatorial Guinea a space in contemporary debates relating to colonialism in Africa, Western imperial practices, and the diverse decolonization strategies. Far from adopting a distant and impartial academic approach, I propose a critical look at the past, and its legacies, from a historically-motivated and politicallycommitted position. In rethinking spatial categories, this strategy will allow a reading of history (and literary and discursive historiography) not from a single, fixed, geographical and conceptual cartography*be it linguistic, ethnic or otherwise*but according to multiple maps, simultaneously unfolded, as Steven Feierman (''Africa in History'') would put it. This flexible approach should carry with it an opening up of boundaries of historical space and, possibly, a fundamental challenge to what we generally understand by the term ''Hispanism''. In this essay, I will follow two simultaneous venues for interrogation and analysis. I will first address selectively, rather than exhaustively, some of the ways in which Equatorial Guinea, as an entity and as a point of reference, has been co-opted in the Spanish popular imaginary, through the representation and consumption of a range of historiographical sources and cultural icons that have, collectively, re-invented it as a racialized other, a space of difference and alterity. Secondly*and no less importantly*the essay will attempt to dislocate the traditionally central and privileged role of these metropolitan texts and (neo-) colonial discourses in order to engage, instead, with the cultural and intellectual production of Guinean intellectuals themselves, for ''African narratives must carry their full weight'' (Feierman 59). This project involves a radical re-envisioning of the field, addressing ''an enormously expanded subject matter, with historical narratives originating in Africa that must be given full weight alongside those originating in Europe'' (Feierman 60). I am, therefore, proposing a re-evaluation of the colonial library and archive that re-inscribes local agency. By re-locating canonical texts and privileged categories of analysis such as race, capitalism, empire or nation*this type of shift attempts to Benita Sampedro Vizcaya


ABSTRACT This study examines how Chinese and Pakistani SMEs use HR Generic Strategies specifically about the mediating role of affective management that influences 'knowledge sharing" and'innovation performance". It specifically focuses how HR practices adds value to knowledge sharing and innovation by providing essential assurance and dedication to workers and induce them to be enthusiastic to share their knowledge and perform well in innovation. The finding suggests that Affective Commitment mediates high-commitment, knowledge-sharing behavior and Innovation performance in SMEs.This study has also explore the level to which employees are sharing knowledge within Organizations is positive and significant influence to the Organization's innovation performance. Keywords: Innovation, Knowledge Sharing, Knowledge Management, HR Strategies, Affective Commitment


Significance Little is known about the regulation of Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) associated with familial Parkinson's disease (PD). To test whether the kinase domain drives LRRK2 activation, we applied the spine concept that describes the core architecture of every protein kinase. We discovered that mutation of Y2018, a regulatory spine residue, to Phe in the DFGψ motif created a hyperactive kinase similar to the PD-associated mutation G2019S. The hydroxyl moiety of Y2018 thus serves as a "brake," stabilizing the inactive conformation; simply removing it destroys a key inhibitory hydrogen-bonding node. These data reveal an LRRK2-specific regulatory mechanism, confirming that the kinase domain functions as a classical kinase that controls overall conformational dynamics in full-length LRRK2 and drives therapeutic strategies. Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) is a large multidomain protein, and LRRK2 mutants are recognized risk factors for Parkinson's disease (PD). Although the precise mechanisms that control LRRK2 regulation and function are unclear, the importance of the kinase domain is strongly implicated, since 2 of the 5 most common familial LRRK2 mutations (G2019S and I2020T) are localized to the conserved DFGψ motif in the kinase core, and kinase inhibitors are under development. Combining the concept of regulatory (R) and catalytic (C) spines with kinetic and cell-based assays, we discovered a major regulatory mechanism embedded within the kinase domain and show that the DFG motif serves as a conformational switch that drives LRRK2 activation. LRRK2 is quite unusual in that the highly conserved Phe in the DFGψ motif, which is 1 of the 4 R-spine residues, is replaced with tyrosine (DY2018GI). A Y2018F mutation creates a hyperactive phenotype similar to the familial mutation G2019S. The hydroxyl moiety of Y2018 thus serves as a "brake" that stabilizes an inactive conformation; simply removing it destroys a key hydrogen-bonding node. Y2018F, like the pathogenic mutant I2020T, spontaneously forms LRRK2-decorated microtubules in cells, while the wild type and G2019S require kinase inhibitors to form filaments. We also explored 3 different mechanisms that create kinase-dead pseudokinases, including D2017A, which further emphasizes the highly synergistic role of key hydrophobic and hydrophilic/charged residues in the assembly of active LRRK2. We thus hypothesize that LRRK2 harbors a classical protein kinase switch mechanism that drives the dynamic activation of full-length LRRK2.


Research on the making sponge iron using Direct Reduced Iron (DRI) in a rotary kiln has been studied because of its industrial importance. The comparison of material composition of such fine iron ore: reductant (coal and charcoal): bentonite were 77: 20: 3. The effects of variation in temperature reduction (900, 1050, and 1200°C) and types of reductants (subbituminus coal and charcoal) were examined. Chemical analysis of the raw materials and products were done to examine the process performace and quality of the product. The results show that the use of charcoal as a reductant is slightly better than coal. By the charcoal as reductant for 2 hours of reduction times at 1200°C, the percentage of metallization is found 97.43%, which is higher compared to a coal as reductor with 96.7% of metallization. The percentage of metallization increases with increase in temperature using similar reductant. The highest metallization is obtained at 1200°C using charcoal as reductant (97.43%). To support green technologies, some by-products of plantation such as shell of palm oil might be used as reductor and also iron sand can be used as a source of iron.


DETERMINATION OF THE SENSE OF SHEAR

Summary
The aim of this paper is to describe criteria for the determination of the sense of shear. The determination of movement in shear zones is fundamental to the understanding of orogenes. U sing the criteria outlined herein, the correct sense of shear can be elucidated.
The most useful criteria in determining shear sense are: deflections, intrafolial folds, "porphyroclasts", "domino" type structures, extensional structures, SC structures, fabric asymmetries, "en echelon" fractures and tectonic inclusions. The sense of shear can often be determined from a reorientation (deflection) of pre-existing planar markers (foliations, veins) (Fig. 2). In some cases, however, traces of the initially planar markers on a map can shows an opposite the over-all sense of shear (Fig. 3). The shear sense can also be inferred by the direction of intrafolial fold vergence (Figs. 4, 5). Tails around "porphyroclasts" are in important feature that allows the determination of the sense of shear (Figs. 6-10). Due to a geometrical similarity of some σ - (augen structures) and δ - (pressure shadows) type "porphyroclasts" it is therefore very important for the deduction of shear sense to distinguish σ-from δ -types. (Figs. 6, 7). "Domino" type structures, •defined by displaced fragments of grains, may be used to determine the over-all shear sense (Figs. 11, 12). Extensional structures (asymmetrical pull-apart structures) are potentially useful kinematic indicators in the determination of shear sense (Figs. 13, 14). The relationship between S- and C-planes is the one which is commonly observed in shear zones; the sense of shearing being as indicated in Figs. 15-17. Crystallographic fabrics developing along a rotational strain path are markedly asymmetric in respect to S foliation and Le extensional lineation (Figs.18- 21). These fabrics criteria, however, cannot be used for all minerals and occasionally gives anomalous results. In highly sheared rocks, deduction of the sense of shear are often obliterated or become ambigous. In general, however, it may be necessary to examine several samples before the sense of shear can be determined with confidence.