Abstract Novel N1-substituted 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one derivatives were synthesized through Biginelli condensation of aromatic aldehydes, β-ketoesters, and monosubstituted (thio)ureas in the presence of copper methanesulfonate at 90°C under solvent-free conditions. The screening of the catalysts showed the copper methanesulfonate was the best. Its catalytic activity remained after three times of use. The products were characterized by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, elemental analysis, and X-ray single crystal diffraction technique. A reasonable reaction mechanism was proposed.


Dr. Stephen A. Wisebegan his research in trace organic analysis at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) (formerly the National Bureau of Standards) in the mid-1970s as part of the newly created Trace Organic Analysis Group. His pioneering studies in the determination of polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs), particularly polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), in environmental samples at trace levels have had a significant impact on the way PACs are measured in laboratories worldwide. During his 26-year career at NIST, Dr. Wise has been the leader in the development of chromatographic methods and Standard Reference Materials (SRMs) for the determination of PAHs.


We pose a problem with the aim to design a complete set of data consistency checking rules. The context domain is assumed to be a set of entities characterized by property values and a set of relations among entities. The source data, called observations, are assumed to be fused into a network of entities, further referred to as the network model. Using the bounded model checker Alloy, we focus on a practical design of a set of all consistency rules that are sufficient to ensure that the result network model is consistent.


As NASA proceeds uqth its studies, planning, anti technology efforts in prel_ring for the earl), tuentyfirst centu_. , it seems appropriate to reexamine past programs for potential applicability in meeting future natumal s#ace science and exploration goals and objectives. Both the National Commission on ._Oace (NCOS) study and NASA'S "Sally Ride study" suggest future programs involving returning to the Moon and establishing man's permanent present'e there, and/or z_siti'ng the planet Mars in both the unmanned and manned mode. Regardless of when and which of these neu, bold initiatives is selected as our next national space goal, implementing these potentially new national thrusts in space u821 undoubtedly reqtare the use of both manned and rewu)tely controlled roving vehicles. Therefore, the pu_ose of this paper is to raise the consciou.wwss level of the current space exploration planners to what, in the early 1970s, was a highly successful roving tehicle. During the ADollo program, the tehicle knoum as the Lunar Roving Vehicle (LRV) u_ts designed for carrying tu_) astronauts, their toois, and the equipment needed for rudimentary exploration of the Moon. This paper contains a d£_-ussion of the vehicle, its characteristics, and its use on the Moon. Conceivably, the LRV has the potential to meet some future requirements, either with relatively kin, cost modifications or tSa an evolutionary route. aspect, I_m_r, is left to those u,bo u_mld cb_ose to further study these options.


The report deals with the two ways in which a fillet weld can be made in the vertical position with manual electrodes. These are moving of the electrode from below and upwards as well as from above and downwards. Different sizes of the fusion zone of the parent metal are obtained depending on the method used. Test pieces with a fusion zone of varying size have been welded and undergone mechanical testing. The results show that variations in the depth of the fusion zone do not influence the static strength of the welded joint. The cooling-rate of the weld influences the hardness in the transformation zone of the welded joint. Rapid cooling leads to the risk of the formation of martensite. Fine-grained steel could be satisfactorily welded with both methods, even though in plates with contents of carbon and manganese, higher than those which are normal Swedish practice and above max limits according to Swedish Standards. No cracks were found even though a structure containing martensite was obtained. A cost comparison shows that the vertical downward welding method yielded the shallowest fusion zone but also could give a cost reduction of about 30 percent. The gross efficiency of an electrode is not affected by the method of welding. (Author)


Cardiac hypertrophy and the resulting heart failure are one of the main causes of mortality and morbidity in humans. The molecular mechanism for the cause of the disease is still unknown. Significant effort has been directed towards elucidating the factors involved in the hypertropic response. Among those identified is myotrophin, a novel 12-kDa protein originally isolated by Sen and co-workers from the hypertrophied ventricles of spontaneously hypertensive rats (Sen et al., 1990) and dilated cardiomyopathic human hearts (Sil et al., 1993). Myotrophin has been shown to increase the transcript levels of proto-oncogenes and also shown to increase the transcript levels of ß-myosin heavy chain and ANF, which are the markers for cardiac hypertropy (Mukerjee et al., 1993). In neonatal myocytes addition of myotrophin resulted in the reorganization of the myofibrils (Sen et al., 1990). Linkage mapping studies in families with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy have revealed that it is a genetically heterogeneous disease (Watkins et al., 1995). To date ten distinct genetic loci have been identified of which three loci with the diseased gene have been shown to encode a sarcomeric contractile protein: the ß-cardiac myosin heavy chain (ß-MHC), the ·-tropomyosin gene, and cardiac troponin T gene (Wang and Pyeritz, 2000; Wang et al., 2001). These findings have led to the model that hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a disease of sarcomere, suggesting that the remaining disease genes may also encode peptides involved in the sarcomere structure and function (Thierfelder et al., 1994). The hypertrophic cardiomyopathy locus has been mapped on chromosome 7q3 (MacRae et al., 1995) in a family with affected individuals in families displaying both cardiac hypertrophy and the ventricular pre excitation, but the gene has not yet been identified. Localization of the myotrophin gene to chromosome 7q33→q35 defines it as an attractive candidate gene for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.


The temperature-induced crossover from a two-dimensional (2D) to 3D behavior found in 2:2:1:2 Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O is studied by means of a large set of measurements of the magnetic field ${\mathit{H}}^{\mathrm{*}}$ for the onset of dissipation. Some interesting features of the angular dependence near the crossover temperature are found; in particular, the ${\mathit{H}}^{\mathrm{*}}$ values perpendicular to a-b planes lie on the irreversibility line. The angular behavior of ${\mathit{H}}^{\mathrm{*}}$ is analogous to that of the upper critical field in conventional layered superconductors. A tentative explanation is given.


Different sodium zirconate solid solutions containing aluminum (Na2(Zr1–xAlx)O3) were synthesized via a solid-state reaction. Samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance. Then, samples were tested as CO2 captors. Characterization results show that aluminum ions can occupy zirconium or sodium sites in the Na2ZrO3 structure. Thus, the aluminum dissolution is compensated by different structural defects. The CO2 capture evaluation shows that the aluminum presence into the Na2ZrO3 structure improves the CO2 chemisorption within certain aluminum content under specific thermal conditions. These results were corroborated with the kinetic analysis, where the activation enthalpies were determined. The CO2 chemisorption differences were attributed to different sodium secondary phases produced in each case and their corresponding diffusion properties. Finally, cyclic performance tests indicate that Na2(Zr1–xAlx)O3 ceramics exhibited high and stable CO2 capture behaviors.


The vocal music art intergraded in films adds more artistic connotation and artistic glamour to the films.The vocal music art includes the solo,antiphonal singing and chorus,which may be helpfully expressing the inner feelings of characters,rendering the story atmosphere and promoting the development of the story.


The tendency of fluids to follow, in certain conditions, curved profiles is often referred to as the Coanda effect. A simple experiment modeling the common teapot effect, the curling of the liquid around the beak when it is poured, can be used in the classroom to illustrate simple dynamic principles and basic fluid dynamics concepts as well.1


Our practice, Vauxhall Primary Health Care was set up in 1993 with the vision of Alma Ata firmly in its founding principles. Fifteen years later our belief in this approach remains. Working this way takes commitment, and there have been struggles and doubts along the way but we still feel that we, and hopefully the community that we serve have gained through this approach. We, like all practices now face the challenges of the current health and political systems how do we handle the current rapid change and make it work and not lose what we believe is the best of general practice.


This paper is mainly aimed at proposing a powerful feature fusion method for object detection. An exceptionally significant accuracy improvement is achieved by augmenting all multi-scale features by adding a finite amount of computation. Hence, we created our detector based on a fast detector on SSD [1] and called it Full Feature Fusion Network (F3N). Using several Feature Fusion modules, we fused low-level and high-level features by parallel low-high level sub-network with repeated information exchange across multi-scale features. We fused all the multi-scale features using concatenate and interpolate methods within several feature fusion modules. F3N achieves the new state of the art result for one-stage object detection. F3N with 512x512 input achieves 82.5% mAP (mean Average Precision) and 320x320 input yields 80.3% on the VOC2007 test, with 512x512 input achieving 81.1% and 320x320 input yielding 77.3% on the VOC2012 test. In MS COCO data set, 512x512 input obtains 33.9% and 320x320 input yields 30.4%. The accuracies are significantly enhanced compared to the current mainstream approaches such as SSD [1], DSSD [8], FPN [11], YOLO [6].


Brain image parcellation is an important data processing step in neuroscience. Since multi-atlas based parcellation (MAP) uses prior information from brain atlases (i.e., manually labeled brain regions), it can provide accurate brain parcellation and has been widely adopted. Recently, some deep learning based brain image parcellation (DLP) methods using fully convolutional network (FCN) have been proposed. Compared with MAP, DLP has high computational efficiency, making it more applicable in practice. However, existing DLP methods either neglect or partially utilize brain atlases, making it difficult to get comparable parcellation accuracy as MAP. In this paper, we propose a new DLP method which is able to use brain atlases in an effective way. The network is based on FCN and non-local block based channel attention module (NL module). The input of our network is the target brain image to be parcellated as well as available brain atlases, and the parcellation result is produced through the FCN guided by the features of brain atlases selected by NL modules at different scales. In the experiments using two public MR brain image datasets (LPBA40 and NIREP-NA0), our method outperforms MAP and the state-of-the-art DLP methods due to the effective usage of brain atlases.


In this study, we conducted an efficient microwave-assisted transesterification process combining homogeneous and heterogeneous catalytic phases to produce biodiesel from waste soybean oil. A cylindrical quartz reactor packed with nanoparticles of Fe3O4 as a co-catalyst was applied to improve the reaction. The process was carried out with a methanol-to-oil molar ratio of 6:1, power of 560 W, and residence time of 30 s. The specifications of the biodiesel produced in this study were compared with two standards, i.e., ASTM D6751 and EN 14214. We found that the continuous conversion of waste soybean oil to methyl ester was approximately 95%. The biodiesel showed a higher flash point and a higher carbon residue content than that of both standards, and the viscosity (5.356 mm2/s) and density (898.1 kg/m3) were both at a high level. Compared to a conventional heating plate, the energy consumption was significantly reduced by nearly 93%. It is expected that these findings will provide useful information for green and sustainable processes for the regeneration and reuse of oil.


Aperture coupled microstrip patch antennas (ACMPA) are special class of mi- crostrip antennas with high gain and wide impedance bandwidth. These antennas difier from other microstrip antennas with their feeding structure of the radiating patch element. Input signal couples to the radiating patch through the aperture that exists on the ground plane of the microstrip feedline. These special antennas are multilayer stacked type of antennas with so many design variables that will afiect the antenna performance. This paper presents the design and optimization procedure of ACMPA while taking care of all possible design variables and parameters to get the highest possible antenna gain and minimum VSWR.


We report a new locality for Agalychnis psilopygion (Cannatella 1980) in Biological Research Permanent Plot ( PPIB ), located in the center of the department of Choco; all three individuals were found associated with a permanent water body product human intervention in leaves of bushes , sharing habitat with A. spurrelli, A. aff terranova, Hypsiboas pellucens, H. rubracylus, Craugastor fitzingeri, Dendrosophus phleobodes and Lithobates vaillantis. This record extends the geographic range for the species about 190 km from the type locality. The discovery of this species listed by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Fauna and Flora in Appendix II also lacks ecological, biological and phylogenetic relationships in the area of influence of the PPIB in the village of Salero is important in terms of conservation of forests for the preservation of amphibians of the Colombian Pacific lowlands.


ABSTRACT In October 2001, the prime minister of Britain, Tony Blair, identified the destruction of the narcotics industry as a subsidiary but nevertheless major objective during the intervention in Afghanistan. Within 18 months of the intervention, the UK had launched a policy to compensate farmers for destroying their opium crops, assumed the role of G8 lead nation for counter narcotics and set an ambitious target to destroy opium cultivation within 10 years. However, other than the rather dismal results of British counter narcotics policy, very little is known about the decision-making processes that underpinned them. This article provides unique insight into British counter narcotics policy-making during 2001–2003, with a focus on the interdepartmental discussions regarding policy formulation. It reveals that Whitehall was divided over involvement in such a complex task, with officials close to the prime minister arguing that this was an achievable task and those within the Foreign and Commonwealth Office arguing that the policies adopted were doomed to failure. This article demonstrates just how and why the failure predicted by the Foreign and Commonwealth Office actually came about.


Objective To probe a kind of new way into overcoming difficult endotracheal intubation.Methods A set of angle adjustable connecter joined with the top of laryngoscope blade were made of self-curing acrylic resin for dental.Forty-five adult patients(ASA Ⅰ~Ⅲ) estimated to be difficult endotracheal intubation were brought into study.The ordinary laryngoscope after general anesthesia rapid induction and the Cormack-lehane grade were assessed.When the Ⅲ~Ⅳ grade,the laryngoscope were joined by the angle adjustable connecter and the Cormack-lehane grade were assessed once again.The hemodynamics index and the correlative complications of throat were observed and recorded.Results The Cormack-lehane grade Ⅰ~Ⅱ,Ⅲ~Ⅳ before and after laryngoscope joined by the angle adjustable connecter were 26.67%(12/45),91.11%(41/45);73.33%(33/45),8.89%(4/45)respectively.The rate of difficult endotracheal intubation was significantly lower after laryngoscope joined by the angle adjustable connecter(P0.01).There was no significant difference in the hemodynamics response to intubation and the incidence of complication before and after the intubation with the self-made angle adjustable connecter(P0.05).Conclusio-ns The angle adjustable connecter can decrease the Cormack-lehane grade obviously and is suitable for the difficult intubation patients.


e18301 Background: Oral targeted agents (OTAs) are rapidly changing the management of B-cell malignancies (BCM) and introducing challenges in prescribing practices and communication between patients, their clinicians, and pharmacists. Emerging data suggests dose interruptions impair OTA efficacy in BCM. However, infrastructure to ensure best practices may be outstripped by increasing OTA use in some clinics. We evaluated adherence to OTAs for BCMs at the Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System to identify opportunities for quality improvement in prescribing practices and patient education. Methods: Consecutive patients treated with OTAs for BCMs from 2014 to 2018 were examined by detailed chart review and included if they used an OTA uninterrupted for ≥ 30 days. OTA adherence was assessed by 1) identification of medication gaps ≥ 8 days not attributable to medication toxicity or disease progression and 2) ReComp, a validated electronic pharmacy refill adherence algorithm in which a value of 1 corresponds with perfect adherence and deviations from 1 correlate linearly with either over- or under- supply. Logistic regression modeling assessed for independent predictors of adherence. Results: Fifty patients were evaluated and 39 met inclusion criteria. They were prescribed 42 unique OTAs, including ibrutinib, venetoclax, idelalsib, and acalabrutinib over a total of 33,655 days, with a median duration of 420 days (range 60 to 1687). Twenty-three patients (59%) had at least one medication adherence gap ≥ 8 days. Five patients (13%) had ≥ 3 eight-day gaps. The study population had a mean ReComp value of 1.02 (median 0.99, standard deviation 0.15). Medication over-supply was identified in 46% and a quarter of patients were adherent < 93% of the time. No statistically significant correlations were identified between either measure of adherence and examined factors related to socio-demographics and comorbidities. Conclusions: In our institution, a significant percentage of patients prescribed OTAs for BCMs experienced suboptimal adherence. These data identify opportunities to improve disease-related outcomes and costs. Initiatives to improve education and automated monitoring of OTA refills are under evaluation.


The procedure of sentence repetition, described in this study, would seem to provide a valuable, simple tool to assess the linguistic performance of a language-impaired subject. It enables the perf...


National medium and long-term educational reform and development program(2010-2020)puts forward the education idea of " People-oriented Education,Moral Education First ".By using the method of combining the human science and the natural science,playing cross-advantage of pedagogy and information science,based on extensive investigations,the paper proposes a " People-oriented Education,Four-in-one" teaching method,and designs its theory and application system.The method aims at instrucing students' professional knowledge,training practical ability and engineering literacy,and improving moral cultivation.


Burn injury is common, but can have severe consequences for the individual patient. Assessment of burn depth, and the different ways of treating burns are topics which are often shrouded in mystery. Burn surgery is seen by some as a 'dark art'. This article attempts to shed some light on these topics.


Alzheimer is one of degenerative disease that slowly destroys memory and cognitive ability. Currently, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique combined with contrast agent is widely used to detect this disease at early stage because MRI offer better safety for patient with zero long term risk. To obtain accurate result, it is favorable that contrast agent has ability to accumulate effectively in the brain tissue that has been affected by Alzheimer. One of strategy to increase their target ability is by adding β-amyloid protein binding ligand in the surface of contrast agent because brain tissue has β-amyloid protein that can be used as targeting site in Alzheimer site. In this study, iron oxide nanoparticles were prepared by sol gel method, and coated with chitosan that already modified with Dimethylaminobenzyl to increase their attachment to β-amyloid protein. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) image confirm that iron oxide nanoparticles with particle size 12 ± 4 nm were formed. TEM image also revealed that the particle was surrounded by corona with thickness around 6 nm, which is most likely correlated with end-to-end distance of chitosan.


The performance of dry powder inhaler (DPI) devices, particularly reservoir DPIs, may be influenced by environmental conditions. This study compared the bronchodilator efficacy and in vitro aerosol characteristics of salbutamol, delivered via a novel reservoir DPI (Clickhaler®) and a conventional pressurized metered-dose inhaler (MDI) before and after use of the DPI in clinical practice. Following a screening visit, patients received cumulative doses of salbutamol (100, 200, and 400 ug) via DPI or MDI on separate days in a double-blind, crossover design before and after a 4-week period, during which the DPI was used as the patients' first-line bronchodilator. Lung function responses (forced expiratory volume in 1 sec [FEV1], forced vital capacity [FVC], and peak expiratory flow [PEF]) to salbutamol delivered by DPI and MDI and in vitro aerosol characteristics were not significantly different before and after the period of DPI patient use. DPI performance, assessed in vivo and in vitro, is maintained following an extended period of patient use.


This paper deals with hydraulic couplings of the hydro-kinetic type used for the transmission of power from internal-combustion engines in marine, traction, and industrial applications. The units described are of the two-element type, having a one-to-one torque ratio, and although mention is made of certain applications of the hydraulic torque converter, such as the original Föttinger speed transformer, the detail discussion is confined to the two-element transmitter or hydraulic coupling.


THERE is much confusion in the literature on the probability of abortion occurring in a subsequent pregnancy, particularly in women who have experienced recurrent abortions. Theoretical calculations made first by Malpas (1938) and later revised by Eastman (1956), estimate the risk of spontaneous abortion occurring in women with a history of a given number of previous abortions. These have been subjected to much criticism on the grounds that certain assumptions on which the calculations were based, were faulty (Warburton and Fraser, 1959; Goldzieher and Benigno, 1958). Results from these calculations have been widely quoted, and have been used as controls in studies concerned with the prevention of habitual abortion. James (1962) suggests that these calculations should now be abandoned as they have been shown to be based on unreliable estimates of the parameters used. This study concerns 133 women whose first pregnancy ended in abortion. These women were followed up for ten years or until they had had at least four pregnancies. Of the 133 women 27 (20.3 per cent) had a second abortion following the first. A total of 12 women (9.0 per cent) had a third abortion following the first two, and 7 women (5.2 per cent) had a fourth abortion. Thus, in this series, 5.2 per cent of the women who started their reproductive life by having an abortion, continued to have three further abortions. If the findings are considered in another way, 12 out of 27 women who had two successive abortions aborted in their third pregnancy, and 7 out of 12 of those that had three previous abortions aborted for a fourth time. It is evident from these observations that the chance of abortion increases as the number of previous abortions increases and the greatest increase occurs between 2 and 3 successive abortions. Over half the women who aborted three times aborted again in their fourth pregnancy. These subjects are the so-called "primary" habitual aborters, and it is evident that these patients, who have never carried a pregnancy to viability, have a poorer chancc of doing so than those who have carried a pregnancy to viability at some time-the "secondary" habitual aborters (Speert, 1954). One of the errors frequently made in the literature is to combine primary and secondary habitual aborters as though they were the same, thus giving rise to confusion in the results. The numbers in this study are small but they are based on records rather than on theory. Although there are possible fallacies in this method (for instance some of the subsequent abortions occurred at home and there was therefore no histological verification of the abortion) it is thought that it gives a more reliable conclusion than any theoretical calculation. A larger series would of course give a more accurate picture. The results suggest that after two abortions, women should be placed in the abortion-prone group as between one half and one-third of these women in this series aborted for a third time.


The performance of a contracting company is closely linked with the quality of the decisions at the strategic level. However, the increasing complexity of organizations' internal and external environments and the unstructured nature of decisions at the strategic level make the decision making a very complicated task. The number of influential variables is so large and their effects are so varied that any attempt to encapsulate them in a rational manner can indeed hinder the decision making process. To this end, this research explores the advantages of decision support tools and the benefit these tools can yield for the strategic management. Some of these tools are deterministic and structured: they rely on straightforward calculation or optimisation techniques. The solution to the unstructured problems, however, has relied on heuristic approaches and judgement of the decision-maker. While deterministic problems have to a large extent been addressed and appropriate models and algorithm have been developed for them, the unstructured problems have remained relatively unattended and the research works in this area tend to focus on single issues. This research highlights the potential use of artificial intelligent techniques in assisting the managers with unstructured decisions. Further, it is argued that a strategic decision support system should assume an integrated structure, as many decision nodes, within the overall decision making structure, share common attributes and the inter-connection amongst these decision nodes has a complex structure. Therefore, the object-oriented approach will provide an efficient structure for the development of the overall framework. In this paper, the characteristics of decision types are identified and cross tabulated against the attributes of various decision tools. The latter consist of both traditional and AI techniques. The work forms part of a broader research work the aim of which is to develop a framework of executive decision support system that is based on a hybrid of decision support tools.


This article begins by asking how have elites, who are more fragmented, transitory and precarious than ever, continued to do so well out of discredited, financialised capitalist democracy? One possible answer lies in what I term the new professional econocracy. As the article reveals, an increasing proportion of elite figures at the top of business and government now have educational and/or professional experiences of economics and related disciplines. On the one hand, this provides the basis of a shared professional discourse and accompanying set of norms, values and practices. This unites disparate and mobile elites. On the other hand, such knowledge enables these elites both to move across sectors and to game the economic and accounting systems that they have helped construct. Thus, elites reflexively adapt to, and benefit from, economic rules while also rigidly dictating them to those below.


Inductive dynamic wireless power transfer (DWPT) refers to the technology that allows electric vehicles to recharge while in motion. Practical roadway DWPT systems need to charge different vehicle classes having a wide range of power requirements. This leads to possible over-design of the primary and secondary pads. The use of multi-pad receivers can help in scaling the receiver side system based on the power requirement. This paper presents the design of a 30 kW multi-pad wireless power receiver system and experimental results showing dynamic wireless charging on a light-duty electric vehicle using three WPT3 J2954 secondary pads which are rated for 11.1 kVA each.


Presenting a paper at an academic meeting or giving a lecture is a small but significant part of a doctor's work. Nearly all doctors initially dread such a prospect, but with practice and experience it need not be such an ordeal.


The method involves monitoring a connection state of a wireless connection interface (6) associated to a local area network (10) e.g. enterprise network, while maintaining connection of a wireless connection interface (4) associated to a mobile telephony network (9) e.g. Universal Mobile Telecommunications Systemnetwork. The maintenance is carried out by providing a priority degree to the connection interface (4) for receiving and sending data and/or communication, where the degree is less than that of the wireless connection interface (6), when the interface (6) is active. Independent claims are also included for the following: (1) a telecommunication terminal comprising a wireless connection interface (2) a computer program comprising instructions for controlling the implementation of a telecommunication terminal controlling method (3) a storage medium comprising a computer program for controlling the implementation of a telecommunication terminal controlling method.


Experimental studies on animals with 24-hour choleperitonitis have established a doubling of leucocytes concentration and a decrease in cytochemical profile. At the same time animals had hypercytokinemia. Growth of desquamated endotheliocytes, endothelin-1 and the von Willebrand factor, NO in plasma and in the suspension of cultured leucocytes was revealed. The detected deviations of the studied markers of systemic inflammatory reaction and endothelial dysfunction can be considered as a new direction in improving the diagnosis of choleperitonitis.


This work is the result of two research projects developed by the Simon Bolivar University host Cúcuta and the Catholic University of Táchira, whose general objective was to analyze the perception of smuggling from the approach of the institutions in Departamento Norte de Santander (Colombia) and State Táchira (Venezuela). It was a quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional study, where applicable 2,394 and 1,398 applied structural surveys in each territory, respectively. This chapter is limited to analyzing the perception of the inhabitants of these border regions as to the causes of smuggling, which are related to the dynamics of a frontier economy, culture of illegality, tax evasion and economic, social and legal asymmetries; smuggling understood to introduction into a country or exportation of goods without paying customs duties or taxes to which it is subjected. The objectives were to reveal the causes of smuggling in the border Norte de Santander-Táchira, from the perception of its inhabitants and analyze the results, compared with aspects of development. The most important results are that 82,7% of respondents in Norte de Santander believe that the main cause of smuggling is the lack of employment opportunities and 55,3% in Táchira, think is due to exchange rate differential. It is the responsibility of central governments to promote development in the Colombian-Venezuelan border, design public policies and strategies conducive to activate local economic development based on the development of the capacities of its inhabitants.


Aim: In the present study a conservative management protocol to treat postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) in high risk patients with the diagnosis of placenta previa major is reported. Materials and methods: Retrospective analisys of 55 patients with placenta previa major who underwent cesarean section, treated with the following protocol: preliminary prophylactic transfemoral/transhomeral catheterization, cesarean section, use of multiple square endouterine hemostatic sutures, application of an intrauterine Bakri balloon combined with B-Lynch suture and devascolarizating ligature/selective embolization of the uterine arteries followed by hysterectomy in case of failure. Results: In four cases we used selective embolization of the uterine arteries (7.2 %). In three cases, we performed hysterectomy (5.4 %). Fourteen patients (25.4%) underwent blood transfusion. Four patients (7.3%) were admitted to the general intensive care unit for one day. Conclusions: We evaluate the effectiveness of the use of this protocol which could represent the leading treatment option of PPH in these high risk patients.


The city of Beijing, by actively pursuing an open-door economic policy in the past three years, has obtained foreign capital totaling U.S. $250 million, which has been invested in more than 300 projects. In most cases, the projects have involved technological renovation of existing enterprises. Using flexible terms and a variety of formats for economic cooperation with foreign concerns, the enterprises imported advanced technology and vital equipment, thereby fully tapping their potentials. Bottlenecks were removed and a great variety of new products were added. The experience of Beijing, that is, using foreign capital to renovate existing enterprises rather than building new ones, involves less risk for both our enterprises and foreign investors. This approach enhances the chances of success and brings about quick results. We should therefore pursue this policy boldly, energetically, but prudently.


Wear behaviors of silane coated silica (SiO2) nanoparticle-filled glass fiber reinforced polymer composites were investigated depending on the type of silane coating (KH550: -Aminopropyl-triethoxy-silane and KH570: -Methacryloxypropyl-trimethoxy-silane) and nanoparticle percentages within the polymer matrix. Unlike the cases given in most research studies, the silanized silica nanoparticles were used as received. Therefore, the synergistic effects of silanization and nanoparticle reinforcement were successfully applied since the silanization process was eliminated. The matrix modification with the nanoparticles was carried out using an ultrasound homogenizer, and then the modified matrix was reinforced with glass fibers. Scanned electron microscopy revealed the disperse ability of silanized silica nanoparticles within the glass/epoxy composites. The wear behaviors of the developed composites were investigated via a ball-on-disc tribology device. Wear track profiles were obtained depending on the width and depth of the wear. The length of wear track and wear mechanisms were determined by a stereomicroscope. The findings have shown that both types of silane coating and silica nanofiller percentages significantly affected the wear rate of the composite structures.


The typical journalist in Sudan is male, in his late-thirties and holds a university degree in journalism or communication. Of the 255 interviewed journalists, 89 were women, making for a proportion of 34.9 percent of the overall sample. On average, Sudanese journalists were 37.34 years old (s=11.49); half of the journalists were younger than 35 years. Journalists tend to be well educated: 79.3 percent of the respondents held a Bachelor's degree; another 14.8 percent held a Master's degree and 1.1 percent of the journalists obtained a doctoral degree. Across the whole sample of Sudanese journalists, 65.2 percent had specialized in journalism and/or communication.


A nuclear proto-oncogene protein, c-fos, is induced in neural cells under a variety of conditions associated with metabolic stress, including seizures and ischemia-hypoxia. It has been hypothesized that c-fos activation might play an active role in neuronal cell death or protection.1J In any event, induction of c-fos may represent a biomarker of events resulting from the stimulation of NMDA receptors by ischemia-hypoxia among other conditions.3 I t has been suggested that the mechanism ofc-fos activation in the fetal mouse brain is not mature before postnatal Day 21.4 If this were the case, then c-fos activation would not be a useful method to identify the neuroanatomical sites most responsive to perinatal hypoxiahschemia or seizures, conditions that often occur in the human infint at term delivery. The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of the fetal rat brain to activate c-fos transcription in response to hypoxia-ischemia. As part of an effort to develop a model of fetal ischemia-hypoxia in the rat, we wanted to identify the neuroanatomical regions that most readily express c-fos after an insult of hypoxia-ischemia.


We introduce a novel approach for the automatic classification of FDG-PET scans of subjects with Alzheimers disease (AD) and Frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Unlike previous work in the literature which focuses on principal component analysis and predefined regions of interest, we propose the combined use of information gain and spatial proximity to group cortical pixels into empirically determined regions that can best separate the two diseases. These regions are then used as attributes in a decision tree learning framework. We demonstrate that the proposed method provides better classification accuracy compared to other methods on a group of 48 autopsy confirmed AD and FTD patients.


A microfluidic radial diffuser typically comprises a hole in a membrane facing a concentric pillar separated by a small gap where the fluid is forced to flow radially between the membrane and the pillar. Such diffusers are notably used to make passive flow rectification valves for drug delivery devices, wherein several holes are machined into a flexible membrane progressively deflecting against pillars as the pressure increases on top of it. The fluidic modelling of such a diffuser is made difficult by the presence of a transition region between the hole and the diffuser itself. An experimental investigation has been conducted using SOI wafers to form membranes having only one central hole and Pyrex wafers for the substrate and pillars. Both wafers are anodically bonded together after alignment. A simple fluidic model accounting for the specific geometry of the diffuser is proposed and compared to experimental results. A good match is obtained, for Reynolds number in the range 0.5 to 35, using the analytical formula of a radial diffuser in the laminar regime with an effective inner radius 40% smaller than the actual one, in order to correctly simulate the flow constriction at the entrance of the diffuser.


Has the reliability and mass productivity in good structure, an intraocular lens manufactured by the production line, sterile and can be stored without damage to the time of surgery, soft intraocular lens surgery individual is stored It makes it possible to operate pinch at tweezers the L easily and reliably, provides a container having a soft intraocular lens folding feature. A base portion 10, a movable portion 40, the container having a soft intraocular lens folding feature and a lid portion 70, the base portion 10 is slidably joined with the movable section 40, further lid the part 70 by causing removably fitted, the lens L makes it possible to store without damaging aseptic and, at the time of surgery by pressing the lever portion 42 in the movable portion 40, easily and reliably lens L It can be folding.


Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) has become an integral part in helping to diagnose, manage, and assess interventions in the cardiac operating room. Multiple guidelines have been created by the American Society of Echocardiography for performing a TEE examination for different cardiac pathologies. The operating room can provide unique challenges when performing a TEE examination, which include hemodynamic instability, time constraints, and use of general anesthesia. The Guideline for the use of TEE to assist in surgical decision- making in the operating room recently was published to provide a starting protocol for conducting a TEE examination for different cardiac surgeries and for using the information obtained to interpret and to communicate findings to the surgical team. This present narrative review focuses and expands upon the relevant portions for the cardiac anesthesiologist.


All Study Group members made presentations, with representatives from DOE and other US government agencies also participating. This report was distilled from the presentations and discussions and presents the Grand Challenges formulated by the group.


Abstract. The Tropical Niche Conservatism Hypothesis (TCH) tries to explain the generally observed latitudinal gradient of increasing species diversity towards the tropics. To date, few studies have used phylogenetic approaches to assess its validity, even though such methods are especially suited to detect changes in niche structure. We test the TCH using modeled distributions of 1898 woody species in Yunnan Province (southwest China) in combination with a family level phylogeny. Unlike predicted, species richness and phylogenetic diversity did not show a latitudinal gradient, but identified two high diversity zones, one in Northwest and one in South Yunnan. Despite this, the underlying residual phylogenetic diversity showed a clear decline away from the tropics, while the species composition became progressingly more phylogenetically clustered towards the North. These latitudinal changes were strongly associated with more extreme temperature variability and declining precipitation and soil water availability, especially during the dry season. Our results suggests that the climatically more extreme conditions outside the tropics require adaptations for successful colonization, most likely related to the plant hydraulic system, that have been acquired by only a limited number of phylogenetically closely related plant lineages. We emphasize the importance of phylogenetic approaches for testing the TCH.


Precision tomographic reconstruction is critical for obtaining high-accuracy velocity measurements in tomographic particle image velocimetry. Traditional tomographic reconstruction methods, such as the multiplicative algebraic reconstruction technique (MART), can only be applied at low particle concentrations, limiting the spatial resolution of velocity measurements. Besides, the actual shape of the particles is not reconstructed well due to the limited views. In this study, we propose a novel method named particle field deconvolution MART (Deconv-MART) to suppress ghost particles while repairing the shape of actual particles reconstructed by MART iterations. This method first uses the Gaussian particle shape prior to estimate the convolution kernel obtained by MART reconstruction. Then, the estimated kernel is utilized to deconvolute the particle field and suppress ghost particles based on the prior information of lower intensity of ghost particles, as well as the sparsity of the particle field. Reconstruction fields are estimated with numerical and real experiments, and the results are compared with the results of advanced reconstruction methods. Comparisons of reconstruction demonstrate that the proposed method is effective at suppressing ghost particles and restoring the shape of actual particles. Comparisons of velocity measurements reveal that Deconv-MART has good performance and high measurement accuracy.


∗Occupational accidents and diseases are directly related to reduced work capacity, premature retirement, or death. Even-though many occupational safety and health management systems (OSHMS) have proven to be effective under controlled conditions, their implementation in practice is often complicated. It may not work as expected, primarily when referring to office–based workplaces. The present study aims to develop a conceptual model to understand better system variables' interconnection based on multi-actor perspectives. The related stakeholders are the leading policymakers and OSH actors directly connected with the organization's goal. A conceptual model would help further develop this study with a quantitative model to measure the impacts of various scenarios for improvement.


Two phosphaadamantane-substituted, new mononuclear Mn(I) carbonyl complexes, fac-[Mn(CO)3(κ2-S2NC7H4)(PTA)] 1 and fac-[Mn(CO)3(κ2-SN2C7H5)(PTA)] 2, were synthesized by the aerobic reaction of dinuclear {MnMn} complexes [Mn2(CO)6(µ-S2NC7H4)2] A and [Mn2(CO)6(µ-SN2C7H5)2] B with 1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane (PTA) ligand in dichloromethane at room temperature. The complexes were characterized using SC-XRD, FTIR, NMR, mass spectrometry and elemental analysis. The cage-like monodentate phosphaadamantane ancillary ligand was incorporated with the aim of increasing the solubility of the Mn carbonyl complexes in aqueous media. Complexes 1 and 2 effectively catalyzed electrochemical proton reduction in CH3CN and the CH3CN/water (1 : 1) mixture with trifluoroacetic acid and acetic acid as proton sources. Complexes 1 and 2 displayed a turnover frequency (TOF/s−1) (O.P., η/V) of 718 (1.11) and 254 (1.55), respectively, in CH3CN, and a TOF of 280 (1) and 61 (2) in CH3CN/water mixture for the catalytic process.


The paper aimed at the difficult problem of designing stable adaptive controller based on scaling Universes of Discourse,let input membership function and output membership function be(denoted) as input universe of discourse and the center value of output membership function,added an integral factor in it's input to get a 3D FLC which was only based on seven rules,then adopted a kind of Lyapunov function,designed a adaptive law of input universe of discourse and the center value of output membership function.The numerical results showed that the method was effective.


Practical results are given for a high power tunable filter operating at 12 GHz and having a tuning range of over 200 MHz. Measurements of the spurious mode performance of 3 different configurations of the filter for application in a hybrid coupled output multiplexer are presented.


Nowadays, it has become an increasingly prevalent trend to preserve exciting experiences in the form of videos and photos when people go out for amusement. In this paper, we propose a novel system to produce a personalized digital souvenir for people when they take part in thrill rides like events. Specifically, we employ on-board devices including a digital camera with a built-in microphone and a WiFi-enabled compact computer to capture the exciting experience of riders. To search highlights of a rider, we devise a mapping scheme to link the id of a rider and that of the camera pointing the rider by utilizing the RFID (Radio Frequency Identifier) technology. The retrieved highlights are combined with pre-prepared templates to produce a final digital souvenir. Field trials are performed to evaluate the technical feasibility of the proposed system, which lead to remarkable results.


A fundamental task in studying the action of cancer chemotherapy is to determine the quantity and spatial relationship of tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte populations. Classically this is performed by staining thin tissue sections with antibodies by immunoperoxidase amplification. The staining technique is practically limited to locating a single cell type per tissue section. Full immunophenotyping requires successive staining of serial sections, using statistical analysis to correlate the results. This paper describes a system that brings together multi- parameter fluorescence imaging and morphological segmentation techniques to provide a fast, accurate, and automatic analysis of the lymphocyte infiltrate in tissue sections. With fluorescence techniques a single section can be stained with up to four distinct fluorescently labelled antibodies to determine cell phenotypes. To harness this potential computer vision techniques are required to analyze the images. A routine based on the water shed algorithm has been developed that segments the nuclei image with an accuracy of greater than 90%. By matching the nuclei boundaries to the local peak fluorescence, cell boundary estimates are obtained in the antigen images. By then extracting two measurements from the boundary signal the cells can be classified according to their antigen expression. Determining cell expression of multiple antigens simultaneously provides a more detailed and accurate picture of the tumor infiltrate than single parameter analysis, and increases understanding of the immune response associated with the chemotherapy.


Bacteria and mould exposures are reported to be associated with allergies, respiratory symptoms and asthma. Wood products with antimicrobial surface would reduce the risk of spreading microbial infections especially in healthcare facilities and public buildings. In future is perspective of their use.In this study, twenty five wooden composites commercially produced in Slovakia having different surfaces were tested both against moulds – microscopic fungi Aspergillus niger and Penicillium spp., and also against bacteria Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. These organisms are commonly applied as test microbes in laboratory experiments. On the basis of bacteria and mould's growth on the surfaces of used wooden composites, the tested surfaces have been divided to three groups: (1) wooden composites with high resistant surface, (2) wooden composites with medium resistance surface, (3) and wooden composites with not resistant surface.


In this paper we investigate local foodways and ritual consumption in Iron Age Sicily through a study of cooking pots, integrating contextual, archaeozoological, archaeobotanical and chemical data. We focus on material from the central cult site of the settlement of Monte Iato, located in the hinterland of western Sicily, in order to explore the interaction between food, people, bio-/artefacts and environments as a process of formulating and reformulating social relationships and local power dynamics within specific social spaces and settings. We reveal different foodways and consumption practices within the same cult site, characterized on the one hand by long-standing traditions, with more or less constant and unchanging dishes, and on the other by the integration of external stimuli. We discuss the emergence of foreign- (Greek/Phoenician-) style cooking pots and ingredients as markers of an haute cuisine, developed with the aim of social differentiation.


Hypertension is the commonest preventable cause of death among the diabetic patient. Current guidelines recommend using combination drug therapy in case of uncontrolled hypertension in diabetic patient. Even though, duel combinations are sometimes insufficient to achieve target blood pressure. Objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Indapamide and Carvedilol as third drug in controlling hypertension in diabetic patients. This prospective comparative study was conducted in 32 well controlled diabetic patient with uncontrolled hypertension those who taking Olmesartan (20 mg/day) and Amlodipine (5 mg/day). Addition of both the drugs showed significant reduction of all the blood pressure parameters at the end of six weeks therapy without any major adverse effects. Systolic blood pressure decreased from 169.71±9.26 to 119.41±12.48 in Indapamide group (p<0.001) and 167.67±12.94 to 122.67±18.79 in Carvedilol group (p<0.001). Diastolic blood pressure decreased from 98.23±7.06 to 76.76±8.65 in Indapamide group (p<0.001) and 94.67±11.41 to 79.33±10.83 in Carvedilol group (p<0.001). Mean arterial pressure also reduced from 122.06±5.35 to 90.98±8.72 in Indapamide group (p<0.001) and 119.00±10.61 to 93.78±12.51 in Carvedilol group (p<0.001). Only ten patients suffered from mild adverse effects, such as epigastric discomfort, nausea, light headedness and drowsiness; which did not required stopping the therapy. Both the drugs are found to be equally effective as well as safe as third drug along with Olmesartan and Amlodipine in controlling hypertension in well controlled diabetic patients. Medicine Today 2018 Vol.30(1): 5-10


Background: COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) is defined as a disease state characterized by airflow limitation that is not fully reversible. The airflow limitation is usually both progressive and associated with an abnormal inflammatory response of the lungs to noxious particles and gases. Tobacco smoke remains the main etiological agent. COPD inflammation initiated by tobacco smoke remains exuberant long after smoking cessation. Functional impairment of lung organ is reflected by impairment in FEV1% predicted. This is the result of underlying remodeling and fibrosis in small airways. Type 2 alveolar cells are involved in this process of remodeling and repair. Many of the studies have showed that heat stable alkaline phosphatase (HS-ALP) is released from these type 2 alveolar cells.
Objectives: To correlate serum activity of ALP, HS-ALP, FEV1% predicted and BMI in various stages of COPD patients.
Method: This study tried to evaluate correlation between serum activity of ALP, HS-ALP and FEV1% predicted and BMI in various stages of COPD. Total 45 patients of stage 2, 3, 4 of COPD were studied. Result: We found there is unanimous increase in total ALP activity in all the stages of COPD. HS- ALP is increased in all the stages of COPD with no difference in between the stages. There is no relation between ALP and HS-ALP and between FEV1% predicted and BMI. We find that HS-ALP once considered as carcino-embryonic antigen is increased in lung inflammation of COPD.
Conclusion: Serum ALP and HS-ALP which can be very easily measured could be the one of the laboratory marker for diagnostic and prognostication of COPD patients.


This paper analyzes inference procedures applied to a potentially cointegrated vector (of arbitrary finite dimension) of fractionally integrated observables. Our setting is very flexible, allowing the individual observable processes to have different integration orders. We propose a method to identify and estimate the cointegrating space, and also the possible cointegrating subspaces which drive the long run relationships among the observables. These subspaces are characterized by specialdirections in the cointegrating space which generate cointegrating errors with smaller integration orders, increasing the "achievement" of the cointegration analysis.


The advantage of component GIS are introduced.The aviation information management system is designed,which can solve the key technologies problems such as layer display and control and spatial querying.Querying and visually analyzing the economic date of air-transportation are realized.


Historical informationalism is the horizon expansion of social informationalism.It takes information technology(IT) as the fundamental reason of change of human civilization and social form,and regards the history of communication technology as the history of human civilization.It puts forward many problems that philosophy of technology should discuss although some of its points of view are in the extreme.


The collagen type I-derived fragment α1(I)CB3 is known to recognize the platelet collagen receptor integrin α2β1 as effectively as the parent collagen, although it lacks platelet-aggregatory activity. We have synthesized the fragment as seven overlapping peptides that spontaneously assemble into triple helices. On the basis of their capacity to bind purified α2β1 and the recombinant α2A-domain, and their ability to support α2β1-mediated cell adhesion, we identified two peptides, CB3(I)-5 and -6, which contain an α2β1 recognition site. Synthesis of the peptide CB3(I)-5/6, containing the overlap sequence between peptides 5 and 6, allowed us to locate the binding site within the 15-residue sequence, GFP*GERGVEGPP*GPA (where P* represents hydroxyproline), corresponding to residues 502–516 of the collagen type I α1 chain. The Glu and Arg residues in the GER triplet were found to be essential for recognition since substitution of either residue with Ala caused a loss of α2 A-domain binding. By contrast, substitution of the Glu in GVE did not reduce binding, but rather enhanced it slightly. We were unable to detect significant recognition of α2β1 by the peptide CB3(I)-2 containing the putative α2β1 recognition sequence DGEA. Peptides CB3(I)-1 to -6, together with peptide CB3(I)-5/6, exhibited good platelet-aggregatory activity, in some cases better than collagen. However, peptide CB3(I)-7 was inactive, suggesting the presence of an inhibitory element that might account for the lack of aggregatory activity of the parent α1(I)CB3 fragment.


This chapter presents the female leadership model present in the women who lead the small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Mexico. It was found that women entrepreneurs have balanced leadership between the pursuit of economic results and the development of quality relationships with employees. This means they are good communicators and consider their employees in the integral development of their companies, but the women entrepreneurs are also interested in the achievement of the organizational objectives. This style of leadership develops in a context in which family support is key to success, where the main challenge they face is the economic one and where, under the perception of themselves, they have been able to break with the traditional scheme of work and female leadership.


Nutritional surveillance of the elderly provides ongoing evidence that nutrition programs, both federal and state, can help to reduce health costs for those elderly whose care is otherwise so costly to the taxpayer. This article examines the development of one such program in New York State.


The paper proposes the PMD method to design an introductory programming practice course plan that is inclusive for all learners and stable throughout a course. To achieve the course plan, the method utilizes personas, each of which represents learners having similar motivation to study programming. The learning of the personas is directed to the course goal with an enforcement resulting from the discipline, which is an integration of effective learning strategies with affective components of the persoans. Under the enforcement, services to facilitate and promote the learning of each persona can be decided, based on motivation components of each persona, motivational effects of the services, and the cycle of self-efficacy. The application of the method on about 500 freshmen in C programming practice course has shown this is a successful approach for designing courses. key words: contextual inquiry, persona, motivation, learning strategy, discipline, enforcing services, facilitating services, summary learning behaviors, progressive learning behaviors


The range resolution of radar is inversely proportional to the swept bandwidth. However, this bandwidth may not be available due to a variety of reasons, including spectrum congestion and lack of instantaneous bandwidth despite access to a larger tunable bandwidth. Existing approaches to achieving high-range resolution include bandwidth extrapolation, ultrawideband coherent processing, and spectral splicing of narrowband stepped-frequency pulses. In this article, we achieve high-range resolution of a wideband chirp from a sequence of narrowband pulses using coherent-phase extension of the beat tones of an FMCW dechirper. By phase matching the beat tones across pulse boundaries, the algorithm trades a longer observation interval for a smaller swept bandwidth. Phase matching of the short beat tones is applied in two steps to first obtain the coarse estimate of the beat frequencies which are then used as the starting point in the formation of the range-Doppler map that now enjoys the two-dimensional fast-Fourier transform (2-D-FFT) gain. With this approach, a fraction of the total bandwidth to obtain a range resolution of a wideband chirp is used. Using both simulations and experimental data, the proposed high-resolution algorithm is applied to a narrowband chirp sequence with bandwidth $B$ to generate range-Doppler maps with range resolution corresponding to a wideband chirp sequence of bandwidth $NB$.


Future aircraft design highly depends on the successful implementation of new technologies. However, the gap between conventional designs and new visions often comes with a high financial risk. This significantly complicates the integration of innovations. Scaled unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) are an innovative and cost-effective way to get new configurations and technologies in-flight. Therefore the Institute of Aircraft Design developed the e-Genius-Mod taking into account all relevant similitude requirements. It is a scale model of the electric motor glider e-Genius. Since the Reynolds number for the free-flight model cannot be adhered to, an airfoil was developed with lift-to-drag and lift-to-angle-of-attack courses reproducing the full-scale e-Genius flight characteristics. This will enable testing and assessment of new aviation technologies in a scaled version with an opportunity for free-flight demonstration in relevant environment.


Single spin asymmetry measurements (AUT) of the azimuthal distribution of charged pions inside jets produced in transversely polarized proton collisions are sensitive to the transversity distribution and the Collins fragmentation function. The STAR Detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider is well suited for these types of measurements as it is capable of full jet reconstruction and charged pion identification in the mid-rapidity region ( |η | < 1). We report here the first observation of Collins AUT asymmetries in s = 200 GeV p↑p collisions.


The establishment of girls' schools during the late Qing period represented a major turning point in Chinese women's history, as traditional, home-based education for girls gradually evolved into a modern popular educational system. Girls' schools served as vehicles for social change, offering women an exit from the inner chamber into the public arena. The theoretical framework that divides a given society into a public sphere dominated by men and a private sphere associated with women invites skepticism, criticism, and debate. Many scholars have argued that a gendered division of social spheres demonstrates socially constructed, historically created, and culturally differentiated hierarchies of power and social relations. The notion of "gendered" spheres owes heavily to Western liberalism and Marxism; yet historical research frequently demonstrates that boundaries between these domains overlap, interact, and/or mutually penetrate by other means.


An introduction to the laws applicable to mental disease patients,and the employment and marriage conditions of these patients,revealing the setbacks including low employment rate,low marriage rate and high divorce rate among these people.In this regard,the paper raised the points as follows:Speed up the legislation on mental health laws by the state,enhance mental health law enforcement to protect legitimate righta of mental disease patients; implement of the Law of the Peoples Republic if China on the Protection of Disabled Persons,Regulations on the Employment of the Disabled,to protect and promote equal rights of disabled persons in employment;enhance mental health communicatioas to awake the society in their care and love for mental health and mental disease patients.

Key words:
Mental diseases; Legal protection; Countermeasures


A colleague and I work in day surgery and we intend to conduct an audit to compare pre-assessed and non-pre-assessed patients to concentrate on the patients' perception of our unit's information provision. We would be grateful if anyone who has conducted such an audit could give us some advice.


Over the past several decades, the number of peopleusing online social networks for public relations or sharingdocuments have increased significantly. This worldwide use ofsocial networks has made them to be an excellent candidate forusing cloud. As a result, numerous access control methods havebeen proposed to maximize available resources. In addition, toprotect these resources, access control policies have been devised. This research provides a model to protect shared data fromunauthorized access. This model enforces finer-grained accesscontrol in a social network, and enables users to define policies togovern belonging resources and to input inquiries in order toaccess a resource in the most effective way. Policies and inquiriesare converted to an easy-to-use format, which enhances the timeand efficiency of evaluation of inputs. In this paper, we propose awell-formed notation for specifying a cloud-based social networkand the associated access control policies. We show that ournotation enables users to define policies in a simpler and moreefficient way and that it helps users to protect their assets undera tight security. The main contribution of this work is thatresource owners are able to protect their resources fromunauthorized access in an easy and efficient way, and requestorsare able to feed their access requests in a simple, clear, andeffortless way as well.


For racialized bilinguals, a dignity-oriented capabilities approach would thus demand that students maintain and cultivate capacity to engage not only in academic tasks but also in the civic and social life of their communities. It would require maintaining connections to family and personal history by sustaining home/heritage languages and cultural practices, as well as actively engaging with and contesting the oppression and denigration that students and their families experience. It would demand curriculum that positions students, their families, and their communities as sources of strength and precious knowledge and that considers students to be agents with the capability to draw from those sources to advance their own vision of a better society. (Poza, 2021, p. 504)


Soil acidity is one of the main factors that limits profitable and sustained agricultural production. This study examined the performance of selected amendments in improving soil fertility of acidic tropical soils. The best two acidic tropical soils from Malaysia, Batu Anam and Durian, were selected to represent acid soils from Colombia while the five soil amendments selected were ground magnesium limestone (GML), magnesium carbonate (MgCO3), gafsa phosphate rock (GPR), gypsum, and kieserite. They were incubated in a closed incubation system for two months. The measured parameters were soil pH, exchangeable aluminium (Al), exchangeable cations, and available P. The treatments were organised in a factorial completely randomised design (CRD) with three replications. There was a significant difference in response among soils, amendments, rates and their interaction effects for the different soil parameters evaluated, with GML giving a high soil pH (0.339) effect and amelioration of the exchangeable Al (-0.838 cmolc/kg) per ton applied. MgCO3 and GPR gave similar effects in neutralising exchangeable Al (~ -0.6 cmolc/kg) per ton ha-1 with a slight increase in soil pH (0.1 unit). Kieserite and Gypsum had a significant effect on amelioration of aluminum ((~ -0.16 cmolc/kg) in Batu Anam soil. GML was the most cost-effective amendment in increasing soil pH and neutralising Al at USD$ 118.5 per cmolc/kg of Al.


We developed a micro-TAS system that uses magnetic wires instead of the conventional beads as the carrier to improve reaction efficiency. Magnetic wire 2.0 mm×74 µm×20 µm was fabricated by wet etching. The wires were introduced into a droplet immersed in silicone oil, and they were manipulated by the magnetic force of a moving magnet. The wires were successfully bundled for transportation through the channel by surface tension, and they were outspread along the magnetic field lines in the droplet for the reaction. The advantage of the proposed method is that the wire-configurations can be changed depending on the shape needed in the system.


P91/T91 steel has excellent rupture strength at high temperatures.Therefore,it has broad application prospects in power station and petrochemical enterprise.The mature melting and heat treatment of P91/ T91 steel in China are reviewed from several aspects of manufacturing,welding procedure and mechanical properties,and the welding problem with homogeneous or dissimilar steel is described.The properties of P91/T91 steel meet the demand of ASTM standard,and the creep properties are similar to ASTM standard.Fatigue properties of P91/T91 welding joints are excellent However,the long-time high temperature properties of P91/T91 steel,especially the welding joints,need further research.


The literature from the different perspective on leisure,sports,leisure sports and the future of understanding the value of research.That: leisure and sports are the crystallization of human culture,life extension and balance needs of sports;Sports and Leisure is the dialectical unity of the interaction;leisure activities,the nature of human development needs;human development and for the value of leisure sports Recognizing similarities.China′s future sports development will reflect the following trends: Sports Leisure will drive the rapid development of the sports industry;the future of sports will achieve from the "From tools to toys," the changesFurther highlights the value of leisure sports;China′s leisure sports subjects and will be further refined,leisure sports professionals increasing year by year.


The application of the proton precession magnetometer in locating wreck sites, both in the ocean, end on the beach front, has been clearly demonstrated by a number of workers (Hall, 1966; Barto Arnold, 1981; Green et . a1., 1967; and Green, 1970). In recent years, the use of the seaborne towed fist magnetometer has become widespread in wrecksite location and survey; while the use of airborne magnetometers in the location of the HMS Pandora off the Queensland coast, has been noted (Henderson, 1960).


100% of patients had at least one sign of degenerative changes in TMJ at least on one side. In 19 patients, degenerative symptoms were found only on one side. The most common sign was subchondral cysts. It was noted that the number of degenerative symptoms in male patients was statistically more than in the female group. On the right side, the anterior, superior, and posterior joint spaces had the following values: 2.35 mm, 2.95 mm, and 4.84 mm, respectively. On the left side, the anterior, superior, and posterior joint spaces had the following values: 2.14 mm, 2.3 mm, and 4.1 mm, respectively.


Adsorption of cinchonidine on a platinum model catalyst
studied by in situ ATR-IR spectroscopy revealed that the
adsorption mode depends on surface coverage and is affected by concomitant
adsorption and fragmentation of solvent molecules.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to discuss measurement of project success in an ownership perspective.Design/methodology/approach – The research is based on a case study of owner structures in 11 projects. For each case, an analysis was made of which stakeholder that held six different roles related to project ownership. Multiple sources of information are used, including archives, interviews and observations.Findings – Results from the study indicate that owner responsibilities are not always concentrated to one individual stakeholder in a project. While a traditional owner can be identified for some projects, it is a more complex picture for many other projects.Research implications/limitations – This paper has primarily analysed project ownership on a macro level, between organisations. Challenges related to identifying owners can to a certain extent also be found on a micro level, within the most involved organisations, but this has not been the aim of the research.Practical implications – Meas...


ABSTRACT Population structure in the hybrid zone between the fire-bellied toads Bombino bombino and Bombina variegata in the Waldviertel region of Lower Austria was studied using allozyme electrophoresis. The rarity of suitable biotopes in this region causes a fragmented population structure. Most breeding sites are situated in quarries; the persistence of these habitats appears to depend on continuing anthropogenic disturbance at moderate levels. In some populations the alleles of one species are fixed at several diagnostic loci, while other marker loci show high frequencies (up to 38%) of alleles derived from the other species. Patterns of genetic divergence among neighboring populations indicate that gene flow is low or absent. In comparison with other transects across hybrid zones in Bombino, possible causes of selection are discussed and the opportunity for reinforcement is critically examined.


Our nation has been carrying out an affirmative monetary policy since1997,while blocks happened during the transmission of it.Its function is far off expecion.The open market operating is one of the most important indirect monetary policy tools for the central bank,as the main body of open market activities,the public debts market is the basic support in holding up the operations for the central bank.The national public debts market lags behind in aspects such as dimension and fluidity and is immature and underdeveloped yet,which causes blocks in transmission of monetary policy and badly restrainsthe validity of monetary policy.


In his 2017 article, "Subsequence in the Pauline Epistles," Robert Menzies asked, "Is the pentecostal doctrine of subsequence compatible with Paul's pneumatological perspective?" His answer was yes, based especially on 2 Timothy 1:6–7 and Romans 1:11. However, he notes, "most scholars" reject this position. Building on 1 Corinthians 12:13 and a perceived absence of Spirit reception in Paul's epistles, these authors would agree with D.A. Carson that "Paul stands positively against" seeing Spirit baptism as "a post-conversion enduement of the Spirit to be pursued by each believer."1 This article takes up Menzies' question and builds on his work. It begins with a summary of his article, investigates whether 1 Corinthians 12:13 contradicts a "two-stage" model of Spirit reception, and then examines nine Pauline texts that add more support to Menzies' proposal. The findings are summarized at the end.


THE purpose of this paper is to report a case of epithelial inclusion cyst of the heart re-sulting in complete fatal heart block and to review the literature and pathogenesis of this minute, rare and possibly overlooked lesion of which only 18 cases have hitherto been re¬ ported.1


Having analysed the outcomes of the treatment of 57 patients with congenital dislocation of the hip for over 20 years, the authors give an evaluation of closed reduction after Lorenz, according to the method of M. S. Sitenko and open reduction like arthroplasty. Doing this they evaluated the results from the points of view of stabilization of the joint function, development of dysplastic arthrosis and equal lengths of the legs. The outcomes of treatment after Lorenz were the best ones.


The author of this article conducts a study of psycho-аcmeological factors affecting the etiology of female infertility and the effective restoration and preservation of women's reproductive health. This issue is currently the most urgent with the increasing number of women suffering from infertility of unexplained etiology. The focus of the paper is on the effectiveness of methods for the synthesis of family systemic constellations by Bert Hellinger and psychodrama psychological correction psycho-аcmeological factors causing infertility in women. Since it is the combination of the two methods in psychological counseling enables adjustment of family role-playing scenarios and myths, the presence of which may be one of the factors that influence the development and causes of infertility. Application of this method is of great importance when dealing with unexplained infertility, as the current crisis in fertility is regarded by scientists as the crisis of the family institution, and its roots are found in the field of family and tribal scenarios.


1This article presents findings from a qualitative case study assessment of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) in Sierra Leone. It contributes to the empirical evidence concerning the psychologically healing effects of postwar truth telling processes and adds significantly to the specificity of such findings. The article distinguishes between the experiences of truth telling among the educated elite minority and the majority of local residents, and shows that these divergent experiences are related to different levels of access to the benefits, and incorporation of the international discourses, of postwar healing. It concludes with a word on the ability of the TRC to catalyze healing in the local context of Sierra Leone and the benefits of the ethnographic approach for the assessment of transitional justice mechanisms.


234 samples showed no change in contrast behaviour, 34 showed a decrease, and 35 an increase of enhancement. As well a decrease and increase of tumor size were found disproportionately frequent in respective groups. The mean values for a gain or loss of size correlated well to an increase or decrease of enhancement. However, in each group also a discrepant behaviour could be seen in a considerable number of patients. If patients developed a new enhancing lesion (14) we also evaluated if they progressed in the future and found that in the majority new enhancing lesions was seen in tumors (57%) without a significant change in tumor volume (+/25%) and even in tumors with a decreasing size.


Further work on the polymerization of 1,3-cyclohexadiene by the action of Zieglertype catalysis and by cationic initiation has been carried out and polymers with an inherent viscosity of 0.1–0.19 have been obtained consistently. Dehydrogenation of the poly-1,3-cyclohexadiene by halogenation followed by pyrolysis has given good conversion to a polyphenyl which has some units which are incompletely aromatized. This polymer has very good heat stability but is not a useful polymer for plastic purposes.


In this study, we compared the efficacy, adverse event incidences, and medication compliance of MEIJI® (T group) with those of Ozex® (O group) tosufloxacin tosilate fine granules. Tosufloxacin tosilate fine granule was effective in all but one case (32/33) while the time to defervescence was within 2 days of drug administration in both groups (T and O groups, 1.31 and 1.92 days, respectively). The time to cough improvement was within 3 days of drug administration in both groups (T and O groups, 2.27 and 2.64 days, respectively). Adverse events were observed in 7.3% and 14.1% of the T and O groups (6/82 and 10/71), respectively. The medication compliance was good in both groups and, overall, the mean rate of administration of the T and O groups was 93.8% and 97.0%, respectively. The rate of complete administration was 87.8% (72/82) and 91.5% (65/71) in the T and O groups, respectively. No significant changes were observed between the two groups in efficacy, adverse event incidences, and medication compliance. Therefore, tosufloxacin tosilate fine granule 15% for pediatrics (MEIJI®) may be equivalent to tosufloxacin tosilate hydrate 15% for pediatrics (Ozex®) in efficacy, adverse event incidences, and medication compliance.


This study is an exploration of how young Swedish adults talk about intimate relationships and the transition to parenthood. It is suggested that people carefully reflect over their relationship wi ...


The methods of support of the requirements of the Russian standards in a CAD of industrial objects are explained, which were implemented in the CAD system TechnoCAD GlassX with an own graphics core and own structures of data storage. It is rotined, that the binding of storage structures and program code of a CAD to the requirements of standards enable not only to fulfil these requirements in project documentation, but also to increase a degree of compactness of storage of drawings both on the disk and in the RAM


The computer offers the possibility of allowing students to explore mathematical ideas, but for them to become fluent in the use of existing model‐building languages makes excessive demands on many students. The paper describes an attempt to overcome this fluency barrier by allowing students to express their ideas for models in a friendly environment. Whilst the language MODL relieves the students of complex numerical methods, it does not take away the need for them to formulate a model in a logical and consistent way. To aid software portability the language is written in BASIC and was developed on a microcomputer with good graphical display characteristics.


In most instances, tourmaline associated with Canadian Archean lode gold deposits belongs to the schor!-dravite solid-solution series; Fe-rich compositions tend to predominate. However, at the Beaumont property and the Buffalo Ankerite mine in the Timmins-Porcupine district, Ontario, tourmaline is found whose elevated Cr and Mg contents warrant 'classification as chromian dravite (0.42-1.52 wt.OJoCrZ03' 8.08-8.74 wt.% MgO). These tourmaline compositions show Mg>Fe>Cr and Na>Ca. Relatively high AI contents (>6 atoms per formula unit) suggest Cr substitution for Mg in the Y site rather than for AI in the Z site. Both occurrences are spatially associated with serpentinized peridotite bodies and komatiitic flows.


A novel descriptor, called HCMD, which is based on hierarchical complexity measures, is proposed for generic shape based image retrieval. HCMD belongs to region-based methods and iteratively partitions a shape into smaller blocks along various directions. The geometrical properties of these smaller blocks, which are derived from each iterative cut, are measured to form a hierarchical description for the shape. The descriptor has the ability to characterize a shape from coarse to fine, and can effectively capture its complex inner structural features. Shape matching based on HCMD is independent of the rotation, scaling, translation, and mirror transform of the shape. It has low computational complexity and can effectively handle both the contour and region shapes. Three standard test sets, namely, the MPEG-7 CE-1 contour shape database, MPEG-7 CE-2 region shape database, and COIL-20 database, are used to evaluate the performance of the proposed HCMD, and extensive comparisons with state-of-the-art approaches, including five region-based descriptors, four point-set based descriptors, and two curve-based descriptors, are conducted. All experimental results indicate that the proposed HCMD outperforms these approaches in terms of their comprehensive performance based on the retrieval rates, retrieval efficiency, and general applications.


Background: Atherosclerosis is lipid derived immune-inflammatory disease. Cardiometabolic risk factors of atherosclerosis and the molecular mechanisms responding to these risk factors in the artery wall are in place and start their effect soon after birth even cardiometabolic disorders can have roots already in utero. A good noninvasive way to monitor subclinical effects of atherosclerosis is to measure these indices by ultrasound technique. Increased carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and involvement of carotid artery plaques are markers of early structural atherosclerosis. Genetic profiling with the aid of genome-wide association studies has found novel variants associating with myocardial infarction and cardiovascular diseases. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the role of genetic variation (single nucleotide polymorphism, SNPs) in the genes over-expressed in carotid artery atherosclerotic lesions in the development of early atherosclerotic changes in the carotid artery wall and to find new functional genetic changes which affect the onset of cardiovascular diseases at early age. Subjects and methods: The study was based on the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns (YFS) and Tampere vascular study (TVS) samples and data. From YFS cIMT was measured by ultrasound. Altogether 2442 YFS participants (1123 males, 1319 females) were genotyped using a Illumina Human 670K BeadChip. TVS study samples (n=9 carotid atherosclerotic cases with histological AHA classification) and six histologically atherosclerotic free controls had transcriptomics data by using Illumina's Sentrix Human-8 Expression BeadChip arrays containing probes for all known human genes (23.000 genes). Results: From the 546.677 successfully genotyped SNPs in YFS all the SNPs that were located in the 235 over expressed genes (fold change ≥ 3.0 as compared to non-atherosclerotic


Microfluidics offers an effective means to carry out a wide range of processes within a controlled microenvironment. Much of this appeal comes from the benefits imparted by the surface area to volume ratio of microfluidic systems in terms of reagent consumption and increased transport capabilities. Critical to the implementation of microfluidic devices is the ability to drive fluid within a microenvironment, especially due to that fact microscale flows are often dominated by viscous dissipation. Fluid transport requires the ability to both pump and mix especially where transport must occur over long lengths in short timescales. The pump is therefore an integral component of any microfluidic system. In biological systems, the ability to transport fluid within the microenvironment permits biological systems a means of nourishment and waste removal, in a scientific setting it is a means to manipulate and observe both biological and chemical processes. The impedance pump has many beneficial characteristics which make it an effective driving mechanism for microfluidic systems. The impedance pump utilizes a bioinspired mechanism for valveless pumping based on resonant wave interactions along a flexible media the therefore can easily be manufactured using current soft lithography techniques. Additionally, the wave based mechanism through which pumping occurs infers many benefits in terms of material choices, lack of moving parts and simplicity in manufacturing. There are no blades, valves or high electric fields required which make the pump safe for studies involving sensitive biomolecules. Adjustment of simple parameters such as the excitation frequency or location can reverse the direction of the flow providing a very versatile range of flow outputs. All of these characteristics make the impedance pump well suited to a variety of applications ranging from active stents and shunts for biomedical implants to providing pumping on demand for microscale thermal management devices, and a modular pump for lab-on-chip diagnostics.


FOR MANY YEARS, the increased familial incidence of idopathic scoliosis has been known to those treating the disease. The orthopedic literature is replete with articles describing similar curvatures in identical twins, but until recently no definitive studies had been carried out to establish this belief statistically. Wynne-Davies reviewed the case record of 180 patients at the Edinburgh Clinic and concluded that the inheritance of idiopathic scoliosis showed aspects of dominant inheritance. In order to establish the inheritance of scoliosis in greater detail than was possible by history and physical examination alone, Cowell performed radiographic studies of the members of 62 families. Ignoring all curvature of less than 100, he concluded that the inheritance of idiopathic scoliosis was by a sex-linked dominant mechanism. The fact that the gene was carried through generations but was not demonstrated and that there was considerable variability in the manifestation of the disease suggested that the inheritance had variable expressivity with limited penetrance. The important aspect of this study by Cowell is the recognition of the need for radiological examination of the spine of all siblings of a child with scoliosis. Non-operative methods of treatment of spinal curvature are dependent on early recognition and the institution of corrective measures before the development of a fixed deformity. THEODORE R. WAUGH, MD


Abstract Theologians and philosophers remain rather indecisive about the notion of desecularisation. I suggest that desecularisation should be considered relevant insofar as it interacts with other notions belonging to contemporary thought, namely: radical secularisation, desacralisation, deconstruction, and dis-enclosure. I argue that desecularisation can be understood as belonging to the same movement as the one marked by deconstruction and dis-enclosure. Staging this interaction will yield the following: the necessity of secularising secularisation itself, the importance of differentiating between secularisation and desacralisation, the rightful belonging of desecularisation to the events of deconstruction and dis-enclosure at the "end" of metaphysics, and the need to rewind the ideological abuse of secularisation.


The decade of the sixties was seminal for the development of neuroanesthesiology as a definitive subspecialty. During those years, standardization of techniques for measurement of CBF, CMR02, ICP and neurochemical moieties were introduced. The physiologic basis of cerebrovascular dynamics was being established and instrumentation design was spurred by developments in electronics and engineering. Of equal importantance, research groups of anesthesiologists and neurosurgeons were coalescing in Europe and North America to examine the effects of anesthetics on cerebral blood flow and metabolism, on cerebrovascular responses of the traumatized brain, and the dynamics of intracranial hypertension-to name but a three areas of investigation. This multidisciplinary approach was spurred as neurosurgeons and anesthesiologists came to realize that they had common ground in their need to clarify essential pathophysiologic problems relating to patient care. Along with those advances, new fmdings in neurochemistry and the beginning of important developments in


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Genomic instability is recognized as one of the primary mechanisms that lead to organismal
aging, and leads to progeria when developing in an accelerated pace due to defective
genomic maintenance systems, such as nucleotide excision repair, in humans and mouse
models of progeroid syndromes. The role of genomic instability related to nuclear DNA is
currently under investigation with respect to its role in cardiovascular disease, in particular
in relation to vascular aging. In this review we highlight the first findings in this field of
research that come from experiment in nucleotide excision repair-defective mouse models
and from genetic studies. Possible mechanisms that mediate the consequences of genomic
instability at the local, vascular and at the systemic level, such as cell senescence, mutations,
mitochondrial damage, and sirtuin 1 and IGF-1 decrease, are discussed and important goals
for future research are set.


Neurological complications of diabetes ^ellitug have baffled many physicians. There ]s an extensive American literature on this subject which is being increasingly recognised in ?ther countries. The incidence of diabetic neur?Pathy varies with different authors, Jordan (1936) mentioning 67 per cent; Collens at al (1952) 93 per cent ; Bonkalo (1950) 49.3 per ^eilt, contrasting with Rundles (1945) 5 per cent. *he difference in these figures is mainly due to lriterpretation of the symptoms; if objective ^gns must be taken into account with the Objective symptoms, only low figures are ?btained. The presence of subjective symptoms a^?ne according to some authors does not institute diabetic neuropathy. Jordan (1936) cjassifies neuropathies into hyperglycaemic, Clrculatory, degenerative and neurotic types, ^binowitch (1952) adds the achlorohydric ^Pe in which diarrhoea and other intestinal symptoms improve with the administration of hydrochloric acid. Hirson et al (1953) have divided them into hyperglycaemic, active and. Symptomatic neuropathies. Roots and Jordan ^aVe tried to separate them into degenerative and vascular.


Emphasis on the design methodologies and on the technologies implemented to rapidly manufacture large nonrepeated cluster is given. The development of systems based on diffractive and micro-optics for the motorcycle, automotive and general lighting industries is presented. Considerations on their use over the more conventional approaches conclude the paper.


With various applications running, data centers are widely deployed in industry as the essential infrastructure around the world. These applications are interactive in nature with very demanding soft-real-time latency. Data centers execute a cloud application(task) distributedly, and a task is divided to many flows to shuffle a large amount of data. Therefore, low latency is provided to transmit the flows within deadlines in the data center network. Unfortunately, traditional transport protocols in data centers adopt fair sharing to share the link bandwidth equally. Flows cannot be completed within deadlines with these deadline-agnostic protocols, which leads to a waste of link bandwidth. Though some deadline-aware transport protocols are proposed recently to make more flows be completed before deadlines. However, cloud tasks, including financial service, online payment, scientific computation, are useful only if all the flows in the task can be completed before deadlines. Otherwise, the bandwidths consumed by the partially completed flows are wasted because of the failed task.


With reference to a specific dataset, we consider how to perform a flexible non‐parametric Bayesian analysis of an inhomogeneous point pattern modelled by a Markov point process, with a location‐dependent first‐order term and pairwise interaction only. A priori we assume that the first‐order term is a shot noise process, and that the interaction function for a pair of points depends only on the distance between the two points and is a piecewise linear function modelled by a marked Poisson process. Simulation of the resulting posterior distribution using a Metropolis–Hastings algorithm in the 'conventional' way involves evaluating ratios of unknown normalizing constants. We avoid this problem by applying a recently introduced auxiliary variable technique. In the present setting, the auxiliary variable used is an example of a partially ordered Markov point process model.


S 581 examine the penetration of metronidazole into cervical mucus. Six healthy female volunteers aged 22-31 years attended on the 10th day of their menstrual cycle. Metronidazole 400 mg was given orally twice daily (08.00 h and 20.00 h) for 5 days. Cervical mucus samples were taken on the first day before (0) and then at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 hours after administration of the first tablet. This was repeated after ingestion of the last tablet on the fifth day with additional samples taken at 14 and 24 hours. On the first day, after a 400 mg oral dose of metronidazole, the maximal serum concentration was 8.2 ± 0.5 tLg/ml at 4 hours. A rapid decline followed after 8 hours. The maximum cervical mucus concentration attained was 5.2 ± 0.7 jLg/g at 4 hours. Thereafter a slow decline occurred. At steady state (day 5) the maximal serum concentration was 13.8 ± 1.1 tsg/ml at 4 hours, declined rapidly after 6 hours. The concentration in cervical mucus reached a maximum of 10.3 ± 1.8 ftg/g at 4 hours, declined slowly after 6 hours then more rapidly after 14 hours. The concentration of metronidazole reached in cervical mucus on day I was just below 6.2 fig/ml,2 the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for most of the susceptible anaerobic bacteria of the vagina flora. The concentration of metronidazole reached in cervical mucus on day 5 was effective to treat anaerobic bacteria, Trichomonas vaginalis infections and aerobic organisms in the female reproductive tract.


The utility model discloses an active infrared detection device. The device comprises an infrared modulation module, an infrared transmission module, an infrared receiving module and an infrared demodulation module, wherein the infrared modulation module modulates and acquires infrared modulation signals according to a preset frequency; the infrared transmission module transmits the infrared modulation signals to detect objects; the infrared receiving module receives the infrared modulation signals reflected by the detected objects; and the infrared demodulation module demodulates the received infrared modulation signals according to the preset frequency. The device provided by the utility model adopts the method of using the same frequency signal to modulate and demodulate the sent infrared rays, thereby enabling the device to send and receive infrared rays with special marks, removing most infrared jamming brought by environmental factors, and obtaining good anti-jamming capability.


In the present study, characteristics of parametric roll in irregular seas are investigated numerically. Focus is made on the comparison of statistical properties of parametric roll resonance and wave induced roll resonant roll in stern-quartering waves. NLOAD3D is used for numerical simulation. The program was validated through comparisons with extended susceptibility criteria of ABS guidance and model test data of a 6,000 TEU class container ship(WILS-JIP, 2008). Susceptibility in irregular seas and statistical and spectral properties are also investigated in piratical point of view for various combinations of irregular seas.