In November 2008 Oxford Archaeology (OA) carried out a field
evaluation comprising six test pits within the land previously used as a burial ground for Zion Baptist Chapel, Calne, Wiltshire (NGR 399713 171209). The work was carried out on behalf of North Wiltshire District Council, in respect of redevelopment of the burial ground into a market
square. The evaluation revealed a number of post-medieval features, including six earth-cut graves, two brick shaft graves and two stone-lined shaft graves. A dry-stone culvert, part of the original north churchyard boundary wall and three possible refuse pits were also revealed.


In the crystal structure of the title compound, C10H18N2S, dimers are formed by N—H⋯S hydrogen bonding. These dimers are located around centers of inversion.


As one of the five major transportation industries, pipeline transportation is an essential energy-transportation tool. China is in an earthquake-prone area. Earthquake is a vital factor for pipeline damage. For this reason, FLAC3D numerical simulation is used to study the dynamic response of pipelines under earthquake wave loads. The dynamic response can be mastered by analyzing the changes in acceleration, velocity, and displacement. The research results show that the destruction of the underground pipeline is mainly due to the earthquake wave effect and the displacement of the surrounding rock of the pipeline. The pipeline has the effects of increasing the earthquake wave acceleration and amplifying the earthquake stress, and it also causes the loosening of the surrounding rock of the pipeline. The pipeline after the earthquake is challenging to repair quickly, and it causes more secondary earthquake disasters. The research results are of great significance for reducing the damage caused by earthquakes to pipeline transportation projects and guiding the earthquake design of underground pipelines.


The article deals with present forms of social and system integration and discusses what institutional reforms and new formations of actors and coalitions could counteract social exclusion in a way that takes post-industrial conditions into account. The term 'social exclusion' is primarily used in the European discourse, while the concept of an 'underclass' is normally used in the Anglo-Saxon discourse. These two discourses take very different approaches to what can be seen as the forces undermining societal harmony and social coherence. A paradox is identified between the rejection of class theory in most contemporary dominant social theory and the emergence of a new 'underclass'. It is argued that, today, the real missing link is the analysis of the growing power of elites. Whereas the underclass has been almost over-researched, the analysis of new elite formation, collective action, and coalition-building by powerful actors is almost absent. Therefore, the concept of social exclusion should be linked to the concept of social polarization.


(57) Abstract: Using the pulse wave velocity measurement describes apparatus for evaluating arterial stiffness. This device uses a probe to record a pulse wave at different locations of the body above. The time delay between the proximal wave and distal wave is automatically computed. Based on the value and brachial pulse pressure of the pulse wave velocity, it calculates the central (aortic) pulse pressure.


The fitting of sockets and artificial legs to amputees' stumps is a difficult and lengthy process that can take numerous trials. It has been proposed that most amputees can be fitted with a standard socket shape with minimal changes to the socket. To perform this task, a procedure is being developed at the Medical Engineering Resource Unit for computer aided socket design for amputees. An interactive PASCAL program, operating on a microcomputer, will prompt the operator (or prosthetist) by asking him to determine the condition of the stump. While the operator is inputing this information into the computer, together with a few critical anatomical measurements, a standard socket shape, viewed on the video monitor, will begin to change. Throughout the "shape fitting" procedure, the operator will have the ability to modify the socket shape on the screen with the use of a light pen. It will also be possible to view various cross-sections and different perspectives. The shape fitting procedure continues until a suitable socket shape is designed. Future efforts will focus on transferring the computer designed socket into a physical socket. The overall goal is to provide amputees with a better fit in less time and to objectify socket fitting so that new prosthetists may be easily taught.


A nonlinear optical crystal, GdxY1-xCa4O(BO3)3 (GdYCOB), can have its phase-matching properties tuned by changing the compositional parameter x and we reported the noncritical phase matched (NCPM) third harmonic generation (THG) of a Nd:YAG laser. In this paper, detailed compositional analysis was performed to the relationship between the Gd distribution and the crystal growth condition. We also found that GdYCOB with a compositional gradient can compensate the thermal phase-mismatch caused by self-heating. It is the first experimental confirmation of the possibility of neutralization of the thermal dephasing without the crystal cooling for frequency conversion of a Nd:YAG laser.


When the text corpuses are high-dimensional and large-scale,the traditional dimension reduction algorithms will expose their limitations.A Chinese text categorization algorithm based on LDA is presented.In the discriminative frame of Support Vector Machine(SVM),Latent Dirichlet Allocation(LDA) is used to give a generative probabilistic model for the text corpus,which reduces each document to fixed valued features——The probabilistic distribution on a set of latent topics.Gibbs sampling is used for parameter estimation.In the process of modeling the corpus,a latent topics-document matrix associated with the corpus has been constructed for training SVM.Standard method of Bayes is used for reference to get the best number of topics.Compared to Vector Space Model(VSM) for text expression combined SVM and the classifier based on Latent Semantic Indexing(LSI) combined SVM,the experimental result shows that the proposed method for text categorization is practicable and effective.


Fumigation toxicity of two neem formulations viz. Ware house neem I (mist and spray) and Ware house neem II (thermal fog) (Azadirachtin-1500 ppm in both) were studied against two major storage pests of maize, the rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae and the lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica under laboratory conditions. The insects were confined in vials covered with cloth net (25 mesh) and were placed inside the fumigation chamber of 250 ml capacity. The lid was sealed by adhesive tape to create an air tight condition in the chamber. The adults were exposed to fumigants with and without grains. When the adults alone were exposed to WHN I, complete mortality of Sitophilus oryzae and Rhyzopertha dominica was observed at 15 μl and 30 μl / 250 ml and above doses, respectively at both the exposure periods (48 and 72 hours). Whereas in the case of WHN II, complete mortality of Sitophilus oryzae was observed at 50 μl in both exposure period and 93.33 per cent mortality of Rhyzopertha dominica observed at 250 μl with 72 hours exposure periods. Fumigation with grains required higher doses to cause the same level of mortality to that of fumigation with insects alone. Complete mortality of Sitophilus oryzae and Rhyzopertha dominica with WHN I was observed at 20 and 50 μl, respectively in 10 days of exposure period. In the case WHN II 100% mortality of Sitophilus oryzae was observed at 50 μl with 10 days exposure period, however only 50 per cent mortality of Rhyzopertha dominica was observed with 250 μl, which was five times higher than the former. Thus, Sitophilus oryzae was found more susceptible than Rhyzopertha dominica to fumigation of both formulations. The progeny emergence, percent damage and per cent weight loss were less in different doses of fumigants to both the pests when compared with untreated control. WHN I has more fumigation potential than WHN II to the test insects.


Abstract Two series of Mn-Zn nanoferrites (namely Mn1-xZnxFe2O4 and Mn1-xZnxFe2-yRyO4) were synthesized using standard ceramic technique. X-ray diffraction and FT-IR were employed in the chacterization of the nanopowder. The X-ray density for each sample increased after laser irradiation which was correlated with the decrease in the unit cell volume. The study involved the thermal and frequency variation of the dielectric constant and AC conductivity of the investigated samples before and after laser irradiation. The later altered the conductivity by decreasing its value for the rare earth doped samples except for the Sm3+ doped one. The results suggested the exploitation of Mn-Zn doped rare earth nanoferrites in many technological applications demanding high resistivity.


This paper puts forward a new method of regression diagnostics by applying improved Cook Distance with the ridge estimate. It deals with the problem of regression diagnostics on complex collinear relational design matrix.


Sampling from the joint posterior distribution of Gaussian mixture models (GMMs) via standard Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) imposes several computational challenges, which have prevented a broader full Bayesian implementation of these models. A growing body of literature has introduced the Weighted Likelihood Bootstrap and the Weighted Bayesian Bootstrap as alternatives to MCMC sampling. The core idea of these methods is to repeatedly compute maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimates on many randomly weighted posterior densities. These MAP estimates then can be treated as approximate posterior draws. Nonetheless, a central question remains unanswered: How to select the distribution of the random weights under arbitrary sample sizes. Thus, we introduce the Bayesian Optimized Bootstrap (BOB), a computational method to automatically select the weights distribution by minimizing, through Bayesian Optimization, a black-box and noisy version of the reverse KL divergence between the Bayesian posterior and an approximate posterior obtained via random weighting. Our proposed method allows for uncertainty quantification, approximate posterior sampling, and embraces recent developments in parallel computing. We show that BOB outperforms competing approaches in recovering the Bayesian posterior, while retaining key theoretical properties from existing methods. BOB's performance is demonstrated through extensive simulations, along with real-world data analyses.


In the last few years, several approaches have been developed to compute the exact Casimir interaction energy between two nonplanar objects, all lead to the same functional form, which is called the TGTG formula. In this paper, we explore the TGTG formula from the perspective of mode summation approach. Both scalar fields and electromagnetic fields are considered. In this approach, one has to first solve the equation of motion to find a wave basis for each object. The two T's in the TGTG formula are -matrices representing the Lippmann–Schwinger T-operators, one for each of the objects. Each -matrix can be found by matching the boundary conditions imposed on the object, and it is independent of the other object. However, it depends on whether the object is interacting with an object outside it, or an object inside it. The two G's in the TGTG formula are the translation matrices, relating the wave basis of an object to the wave basis of the other object. These translation matrices only depend on the wave basis chosen for each object, and they are independent of the boundary conditions on the objects. After discussing the general theory, we apply the prescription to derive the explicit formulas for the Casimir energies for the sphere–sphere, sphere–plane, cylinder–cylinder and cylinder–plane interactions. First the -matrices for a plane, a sphere and a cylinder are derived for the following cases: the object is imposed with Dirichlet, Neumann or general Robin boundary conditions; the object is semitransparent; and the object is a magnetodielectric object immersed in a magnetodielectric media. Then the operator approach developed by R. C. Wittman [IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag.36, 1078 (1988)] is used to derive the translation matrices. From these, the explicit TGTG formula for each of the scenarios can be written down. On the one hand, we have summarized all the TGTG formulas that have been derived so far for the sphere–sphere, cylinder–cylinder, sphere–plane and cylinder–plane configurations. On the other hand, we provide the TGTG formulas for some scenarios that have not been considered before.


Aim This article aims to "evaluate the factors influencing patient before selecting their orthodontist in India." Objectives To evaluate the orthodontists' demographics influence patients to select their orthodontist and to know whether clinic amenities influence patients to select their orthodontist. Material and Method A descriptive, cross-sectional survey conducted through a web-based self-administered questionnaire with 15 questions addressing various aspects of orthodontic treatment necessity. This study included 255 patients between the ages of 12 and 30 who are undergoing orthodontic treatment or have completed their orthodontic treatment. Results and Conclusion A total of 255 participants were there in the study. Patients were influenced by many factors such as skillful orthodontists with updated or recent knowledge, orthodontists' demographics, and clinic amenities.


Purpose of study We report on a patient with a heterozygous variant in CDC42 identified through whole exome sequencing. CDC42 encodes a GTPase and is a member of the Rho signalling family, which is part of the larger Ras cascade. The Rho signalling pathway regulates a variety of cellular processes including transcription, trafficking and cell cycle progression. Mouse models have demonstrated that CDC42 GTPase activity is critical for myeloid and erythroid cell development. CDC42 knockout mice had abnormal erythropoiesis, decreased activity of erythroid progenitor cells and infiltration of various organs by myeloid cells. The CDC42 protein is ubiquitously expressed in the human body. CDC42 RNA expression is highest in bone marrow, spleen, skin, placenta and smooth muscle. The purpose of this article is to document a novel gene associated with hematologic and immunologic sequelae and to define the associated phenotype. Methods used Whole exome sequencing performed. Collection of phenotypic data from the clinical chart. Use of GeneMatcher to identify several additional providers with patients that had heterozygous variants in CDC42. Summary of results An 11 month old, former 32 week gestation female was evaluated for history of hydrops, cholestasis and thrombocytopenia as well as persistent hepatosplenomegaly and anaemia with mild developmental delay. She also had intermittent erythematous rashes and swelling over various parts of the body. A de novo, heterozygous, likely pathogenic variant in CDC42 c.563G>A(p.C188Y) was detected on whole exome sequencing. We identified several additional patients with similar phenotypes through GeneMatcher. Conclusions These results support the possibility of a novel autosomal dominant syndrome resulting from variants in CDC42. The overlapping phenotypes of our patient with those identified through GeneMatcher and with knockout mouse models suggests pathogenicity. Future functional studies and identification of additional cases will help confirm pathogenicity and further clarify the phenotype.


Human albumin is a protein made by the liver. It is the most abundant circulating protein, accounts for 50-60% of total protein in the blood and plays many roles. The most important are the oncotic and non-nociceptive properties. The albumine is part of the family of globular proteins, the most common of which are the serum albumins. All the proteins of the albumin family are water-soluble, moderately soluble in concentrated salt solutions, and experience heat denaturation. Albumin is commonly found in blood plasma and differs from other blood proteins because it is not glycosylated. Thanks to their unique properties and benefits such as superior biocompatibility and good corrosion resistance, Titanium and Titanium alloys have many uses. Their applications include dental implants and parts for orthodontic surgery; replacement parts for hips, knees, shoulders, spine, elbows and wrist joints; bone fixation devices such as nails, screws and nuts; housing parts for pacemakers and artificial heart valves; surgical instruments and components in high-speed blood centrifuges. In SITU electrochemical measurements are: open circuit potential (OCP), polarization resistance (Rp), potentiodynamic polarization (PD) and cyclic voltammetry polarization (CV) were performed to monitor the corrosion process. The optical images of the tested samples have been observed before and after corrosion experiments using an optical microscope (Optika) in order to understand the nature of corrosion and the damages produced by this process.


Thermal management of power electronics is an extremely challenging problem in the harsh environment of military hybrid vehicles, where the local air and liquid coolant's temperature exceed 100 °C under regular operating conditions. This paper presents the development work of a high heat flux, jet impingement-cooled heat exchanger for a 600-V/50-A silicon carbide (SiC) power module (rated at 175 °C device junction temperature), used for bidirectional power conversion between a 28-V battery and a 300-V dc bus. A total of 50 volume% mixture of water-ethylene glycol (WEG) coolant at 100 °C inlet temperature is the only available coolant. An array of WEG coolant microjets impinges on the base plate of the SiC module. The jet impingement cooling system has been optimized by experimental studies on a surrogate module, along with a high-fidelity computational model, to accurately estimate the SiC device junction temperature in relevant operating conditions. Results indicate that at the design heat load of 151 W (worst-case scenario), the SiC device junction temperature is reduced from 290 °C with commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) cold plate cooling and 215 °C with COTS microchannel heat exchanger cooling, to 169 °C with a jet impingement-cooled heat exchanger, using the same flow rate.


Many Indian cities are facing travel problems due to inadequate transport infrastructure, imbalance in modal split and lack of integration between land use and transportation planning. Enabling the establishment of quality focused multimodal public transport system, provides seamless travel across the modes. To facilitate multimodality we need to integrate different modes of transport. This study mainly aims for a framework of an integrated multimodal transport in urban area. Modeling of integrated Transport in a city mainly constitutes of a Routing Model and Scheduling Model. In Routing model, a heuristic algorithm is used for feeder route generation known as "Srivastava-Dhingra heuristic feeder route generation algorithm"(HFGRA) which gives maximum demand guided routes with acceptable delay. The scheduling model is formulated as the minimization of sum of operating cost of buses and total waiting time cost and travel time cost of passengers who have preference to use the integrated system gives a better result compared to the existing system. Based on the stated preference survey, about 68.5% of people are willing to use the new system. A potential demand including the preference of new system and the existing demand to the bus services are used in this model. The impact of integration is measured based on the performance parameters such as ride share, Earnings per Kilometer and load factor.


Abstract This research is purpose to knowing the difficulties biology teachers  in implementation of learning biology at senior high school in Padang city. to knowing difficulties teachers about genders and to knowing difficulties teachers about teaching experience. Type of this research is a descriptive research, with population research is biology teachers at senior high school in padang city in the academic year 2015/2016 a total of 68 people. The research sample using random sampling method with the formula Krejcie Morgan a total 57 teachers. The instrument used in the form of a questionnaire. The results of this research is showing level of difficulties biology teachers in implementation of learning biology at senior high school in Padang city including category high difficulty (mean score 2,01). In the preparation phase of learning teacher (mean score 1,76) Low Difficulty, Criteria for the preliminary process of learning (mean score 2,19) category high difficulty. Criteria for the core process of learning (mean score 2,28) category high difficuty. while the evaluation criteria (mean score 1,81) category low difficulty. Characteristics of respondents by genders, The results indicate that female respondents with the number (n= 52 , 91,2%) more than male respondents. Characteristics of respondent by teaching experience, The results indicate that respondents who are less experienced with the number (n= 29, 50,8%) more than respondents who experienced.  In general difficulties biology teachers in implementation of learning biology at senior high school in Padang city including category high difficulty. Characteristics of respondents by gendersdid not affect the difficulty teachers, but experience affects  difficulty teachers Keywords: Difficulties Teachers, Implementation of Learning Biology


Background: Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) may play a role in the development of glioma
disease that is one of the most common brain tumors.
Objective: The aim of this study was to detect human CMV in patients with glioma in Imam
Khomeini hospital, Tehran.
Methods: This experimental study was conducted on paraffin-embedded tumor samples of 18
patients referred to Imam Khomeini hospital in 2012. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was
performed with monoclonal antibody specific for HCMV PP65 protein and the samples were
assessed using a light microscope.
Findings: Of 18 patients, 13 (72.2%) were positive for HCMV PP65 protein and four of them
expired.
Conclusion: With regards to the results, more comprehensive studies are recommended for
detection of HCMV in patients with glioma using different diagnostic methods.
Keywords: Cytomegalovirus, Immunohistochemistry, Glioma


This study examines the influence of the polyamines putrescine and spermidine on the efficiency of androgenesis in anther cultures of 2 carrot cultivars, Kazan F 1 and Narbonne F 1 , and the effect of putrescine on the process of plant regeneration from androgenetic embryos. In the Kazan F 1 variety, an increase in the number of obtained embryos was achieved using each of the 2 polyamines separately and in combination. In contrast, no beneficial effects of polyamines on the efficiency of androgenesis were observed in the Narbonne F 1 variety. Putrescine added to the regeneration medium increased the number of obtained plants. For embryos obtained on induction medium without putrescine, the best concentration was 160 mg putrescine in 1 L of regeneration medium, and for those obtained on the induction medium with putrescine the best concentration was 0.5 mg putrescine per 1 L. All of the resulting plants, both in the experimental and control combinations, had a doubled set of chromosomes. The vast majority of them were homozygous for both isoenzymes, glucose-6-phosphate isomerase and aspartate aminotransferase, and the distribution of homo- and heterozygous received combinations with the polyamines and in the control was very similar.


In this study, pure nickel oxide thin films were prepared by a sol-gel dip coating method with different withdrawal speeds, onto glass substrates and their structural, optical and morphological properties were investigated. The structural properties of NiO films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Polycrystalline structures of the prepared films were detected. The optical properties of the films were studied by UV–visible spectrophotometer and the optical transmittance of the films within the visible and near infrared region was found to be more than 75% and decrease when the withdrawal speed increase. The surface morphology of the films was observed by atomic force microscopy and it was found that the root mean square (RMS) roughness increases from 3.78 to 15 nm when the withdrawal speed increased from 30 to70 mm/min. Thus, the withdrawal speed is a key factor to change the NiO thin films properties.


To cultivate the practical ability and the innovative spirit of the civil engineering students,the reform practice of the research teaching model was carried out with the civil engineering materials course as an example.The civil engineering materials course had carried out the reform and practice of research teaching mode from the teaching content,teaching methods,experimental teaching,teaching practice,achievement assessment and so on.The teaching results show that the research teaching model could effectively stimulate students' interest in learning,promote students' active learning and exploring,which were conducive to the improvement of students' comprehensive ability.


ABSTRACT Perceptions of the quality of higher education are thought to have considerable impact on the decision making process to attend higher education institutions. High school guidance counselors are known to be influencers of higher education attendance through their work with high school students in the selection process. This paper reports an exploratory research program designed to assess the perceptions of high school guidance counselors regarding college and university quality. Ten measures of quality, an overall measure and rune specific indicators were utilized. A total of 256 guidance counselors provided measures of quality on 434 of the 435 institutions of higher education listed. Based on this data it was shown that overall perceived quality is primarily determined by five components; good academic programs, leadership opportunities, good job after graduation, opportunities for financial aid, and good value for the money, and that some 77.3% of the variance in overall quality was predicted ...


Frequently when dysphagia first becomes manifest, esophageal carcinoma is already unresectable. Endoscopic laser therapy is a recently introduced method which can be used for the palliative treatment of esophageal cancer. By using the method the tumour is destroyed and the esophagus is recanalized, there is low incidence of complications, and the patient can be fed naturally thus improving quality of life. The method has been perfected over the past years and now offers excellent results.


Technologies producing high power negative ion beams have been highly developed over the years at Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute for use in neutral beam injectors for heating the thermonuclear fusion plasmas. At present, it is possible to produce multiampere H−/D− ion beams quasicontinuously at energies of more than a few hundred keV with a good beam optics of beamlet divergence of a few mrad. Based on these technologies, two research and development projects have been initiated; one is to develop a 22 A/500 keV/10 s D− ion source for the neutral beam injector for JT‐60U, and the other is to develop a 1 A/1 MeV/60 s H− ion source to demonstrate high current negative ion acceleration up to the energy of 1 MeV, the energy required for the neutral beam injector for the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor.


1 Professor, ECE Department, PEC University of Technology, Chandigarh, India. 2 PG Scholar, Electronics (VLSI Design), PEC University of Technology, Chandigarh, India. ________________________________________________________________________________________ Abstract: As technology is continuously scaling down, leakage current is increasing exponentially. Power gating is a very effective technique to reduce the leakage current and leakage power by using sleep transistors to turn off the functional blocks when they are not in use. But when circuit transition goes from sleep to active mode, abrupt transitions introduces Ground Bounce Noise in the circuit which disturbs the normal working of any circuit and tends to give wrong output and also reduces the reliability of circuit. In this paper, we have presented a new power gating technique which uses stacking power gating along with an additional wait mode to reduce ground bounce noise in an adder circuit. A comparison analysis between existing and proposed power gating techniques has been done which shows that the proposed technique reduces leakage by 70.40 and ground bounce noise by 14.02% as compared to existing power gating techniques. We have performed simulations using Cadence Spectre 180nm standard CMOS technology at room temperature with supply voltage of 1V.


(57) Abstract: sucks repeatedly a predetermined amount of liquid, the pipette for dispensing (51). Pipette includes a hollow body having a first and a second end (52). Second end (52a) is configured to receive a pipette tip (41) removably. Ejector (67) is carried by the body, a first end (68) disposed within the first end of the housing, and having a second end operable in the vertical direction (69) around the second end of the housing . Ejector from a first position capable of firmly attaching the pipette tip to the second end of the housing, press the pipette tip is operable to a second position for separating from the second end of the housing. Locking means (81) is, in order to hold the spring in a compressed position, is additionally supported by the housing. Ejector is actuated to the second position by a spring, so as to operate in a distal direction pipette tip on the second end of the housing, the locking mechanism is releasable.


Open distributed systems are composed of geographically dispersed components that may be modified at run-time. Such systems are becoming increasingly important, particularly when they are part of the infrastructure used by safety-critical applications. Creol is an experimental object-oriented programming language designed for modeling such systems. Creol objects execute concurrently, each with its own virtual processor and internal process control, and communication takes place using asynchronous (non-blocking) method calls. To increase the reliability of the systems in which they operate, Creol classes make explicit assumptions about their environment and provide guarantees about their own behavior. The assume–guarantee paradigm enables scalable, compositional verification based on invariance. The goal of this thesis is to implement a tool that verifies assume–guarantee specifications and other program assertions using Maude, an established rewriting logic framework. The tool takes a set of Creol classes and interfaces as input, and uses Hoare logic to generate verification conditions that can be discharged using off-the-shelf theorem provers.


For five years, the Copernicus system a tool for computer-aided diagnosis of mental disorders based on data coming from psychometric tests has been developed. This tool uses a variety of classification ways for differential interprofile diagnosis. In the current version of the tool, psychometric data come from the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) test. In this paper, we describe another machine learning approach, based on fuzzy decision trees, for classification of psychometric data. The algorithm for generation of fuzzy decision trees used by us is based on cumulative information estimations of initial data. Due to the promising results of classification of MMPI data, the presented approach will be implemented in the Copernicus system.


The present invention relates to a thermochromic window and a method for manufacturing the same and, more specifically, to a thermochromic window capable of changing transmittance of sunlight according to the temperature and a method for manufacturing the same. To this end, the present invention provides the thermochromic window comprising: a substrate; and a thermochromic thin film formed on the substrate, wherein the thermochromic thin film contains hollow vanadium dioxide particles.


Methyl-lithium gave with 1-phenyl-1-propyne and 1-phenyl-1-butyne preferentially the products of monometalation although dimetalation of these compounds is faster than monometalation when butyl-lithium is used. The product of protonation of dilithiophenylbutyne depends on the condition of the reaction. In the presence of starting material, 4-phenylbut-2-yne and in its absence, 1-phenylbuta-1,2-diene is obtained. Alkylation, silylation and protonation of the lithium derivatives was studied.


Morphological characteristics of potentially pathogenic yeast Malassezia pachydermatis were studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of ultrathin sections and freeze-fracturing. Cells were small, not exceeding 5.0 mm, with thick cell walls. The broad base for bud emergence was associated with the formation of a characteristic collar. The inner surface of the cell wall showed right-handed spiral ridges. They corresponded to left-handed spiral grooves on the protoplasmic fracture face of plasma membrane directing to the growing pole of daughter cell. In ultrathin sections, these structures appeared as a serrated arrangement of the innermost wall surface and invaginations of the plasma membrane. In the vicinity of a ring-like swelling on the plasma membrane at cytokinesis, there were circumvallate bulgings on mother and daughter cells. The corresponding structures appeared as pits in ultrathin sections. The relation of unusual ultrastructural findings to the cytoskeleton will be studied.


Aiming at the requirements of operation parameters detected and controlled for the solar air heat pump multi-heatsource hot water system(SAMW),a design method of the visualization remote monitoring and control(VRMC) system based on energy management has been put forward with taking the optimal energy efficiency ratio as the design goal.The experiment platform of VRMC system was constructed with PC and PLC as the control core,and its monitoring software was developed by CenturyStar.The test results show that the operation of the VRMC system is stable and reliable,and the operating conditions parameter of SAMW system can be automatically detected,stored,analyzed and controlled,so as to realize reasonable allocation of heat load,improve thermal efficiency and technical document management level.


Background It is still controversial whether "labral tear" in the pelvis or "pincer type9s femoroacetabular impingement syndrome" should be considered a pathologic lesion, and whether they cause the early onset of osteoarthritis in the pelvis. Hypothesis The disruption of chondrolabral junction causes degenerative change on hip joint, and the disruption of the vessel tissue to the labrum induces the rapidly progressive degeneration of outside in osteoarthritis changes. Methods Femoral acetabulum has been escaped from the chondrolabral junction and expanded to the acetabulum inside or outward. Therefore we report the cases. Results We found cases which has chondrolabral junction disruptive slippage, and disruption of the vessel tissue and inverted or everted labral pathologic lesion, which we named COLADIS, chondrolabral junction disruptive slippage. Conclusion COLADIS (chondrolabral junction disruptive slippage) caused symptoms on patient9s hip, and may be the pre-pathologic lesion of early osteoarthritis.


Electrode materials of Fe, liquid Bi, and Sn were investigated to enhance the electrochemical recovery of rare-earth elements in molten salts (eutectic LiCl-KCl) at 500‒700 °C, leveraging their chemical interactions with rare-earth elements. Using Nd as a prototypical example, the degree of interactions was quantified based on electromotive force (emf) measurements of Nd alloys (Nd-Fe, Nd-Bi, and Nd-Sn). Temperature-dependent emf values of the Nd alloys were used to determine the thermodynamic properties such as the partial molar Gibbs energy (chemical potential), entropy, and enthalpy of Nd. In addition, the phase behavior of Nd alloys was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to determine transition temperatures and microstructures of Nd alloy electrodes. Based on these fundamental properties of Nd alloys, the Nd-Sn alloy at mole fraction, x
 Nd = 0.10 was selected as the reference electrode and employed for electrochemical measurements in three-electrode cells in molten chloride salt (LiCl-KCl-NdCl3). The stability of Nd-Sn reference electrode was maintained less than 1 mV deviation between identical constructs during entire measurements, originating from the two phase (liquid + NdSn3) stability of the binary Nd-Sn alloy at 500‒700 °C. Finally, electrodeposition of Nd onto these interacting electrode materials was conducted to assess the recovery efficiency of Nd from molten chloride salt.


Clinica Family Health Services, a Denver-area community health center serving a low-income population, is on the front lines of a primary care revolution, constructing patient-centered medical homes by focusing on continuity, prompt access, and teamwork.


With the development of the ecotourism resources in Ankang for example,the natural and humanistic resources were analyzed,and the reasonable development concept was put forward,which played a guiding role in developing the ecotourism in other areas.


The article presents the evolution of the approach to humanitarian intervention that in the 21st century had been framed in the concept of Responsibility to Protect. The article focuses particularly on the possibility of adopting R2P rule in Africa, especially second and third pillar of this mechanism Various cases of conflict in Africa and other types of security threats are discussed herein; those which were actually implemented and situations where they were had to be foregone. This description serves the purpose of defining situations when the R2P mechanism is found useful in continental security measures as well as indicating the factors needed to implement it in practice, regardless of pure declarations from regional states and organizations.


Efficient application scheduling is critical for achieving high performance in heterogeneous computing systems. This problem has proved to be NP-complete, heading research efforts in obtaining low complexity heuristics that produce good quality schedules. Although this problem has been extensively studied in the past, all the related works assume the computation costs of application tasks on processors are available a priori, ignoring the fact that the time needed to run/simulate all these tasks is orders of magnitude higher than finding a good quality schedule, especially in heterogeneous systems. In this paper, we propose two new methods applicable to several task scheduling algorithms for heterogeneous computing systems. We showcase both methods by using HEFT well known and popular algorithm, but they are applicable to other algorithms too, such as HCPT, HPS, PETS and CPOP. First, we propose a methodology to reduce the scheduling time of HEFT when the computation costs are unknown, without sacrificing the length of the output schedule (monotonic computation costs); this is achieved by reducing the number of computation costs required by HEFT and as a consequence the number of simulations applied. Second, we give heuristics to find which tasks are going to be executed as Single-Thread and which as Multi-Thread CPU implementations, as well as the number of the threads used. The experimental results considering both random graphs and real world applications show that extending HEFT with the two proposed methods achieves better schedule lengths, while at the same time requires from 4.5 up to 24 less simulations.


The hardware facilities of the amps cell site connect the mobile radio customer to the land telephone network and perform actions necessary for rf radiation, reception, and distribution; voice and data communications and processing; equipment testing, control, and reconfiguration; and call setup, supervision, and termination. Cell-site operational control is achieved partially through wired logic and partially through programmable controllers. This paper describes the cell-site functional groups, their physical characteristics and design, and the ways they interface with the rest of the amps system.


Conventional borehole sampling and its subsequent geotechnical testing is the most precise and direct method of soil characterization, but conversely it is time-consuming and expensive simultaneously. Electrical resistivity surveys can provide a non-destructive and less expensive way of determining soil properties, if reliable correlations could be established through extensive testing. The main objective of this research work is to establish quantitative relationship of resistivity with moisture content of sandy and silty soils that can be used in geotechnical appraisal of soil slopes. A non-linear relationship trend is observed between moisture content and electrical resistivity values obtained in field and laboratory conditions.


The role of Information, Communication and Technology (ICT), and Management Information Systems in the success of different professional sectors has been undebatable. The present content represents the outcome of a study about their role in education sector, being it among the most spread and important sector of profession in India and globe. Significance of Management Information Systems in instructive management for the staff of Educational Institutions have been studied and presented in the present context.


This paper presents an O(nlogm) method to incorporate start and goal points of a
robot into the roadmap of a two-dimensional workspace to form a VGRAPH. A VGRAPH
Point Incorporation Algorithm(VPIA) incorporates a point in free-space into a
roadmap. This VPIA divides the free space around an obstacle vertex into an
ordered set of areas. A search is used to determine the containment of the point.
Containment implies visibility of the point from the vertex. A point is
incorporated by determining its visibility from all obstacle vertices. The VPIA is
inherently parallel and the implementation can reduce this complexity from
O(nlogm) to O(logm). Most existing techniques for incorporating points into a
roadmap perform in O(n2). The roadmap's data structure is modified to support the
VPIA. The VPIA, employing the VGRAPH approach should enhance the worst case
runtime of find-path algorithms closer to real-time for 2-D workspaces cluttered
with obstacles. Sample VGRAPH diagram generated by an implementation of the VPIA
is shown in Appendix A.


The catalytic activity of Cu(100) and Ni/Cu(100) with respect to the methanol synthesis from various mixtures containing CO{sub 2}, CO, and H{sub 2} have been studied in a combined UHV/high pressure cell apparatus at reaction conditions, P{sub tot} = 1.5 bar and T = 543 K. For the clean Cu(100) surface it is found that admission of CO to a reaction mixture containing CO{sub 2} and H{sub 2} does not lead to an increase in the rate of methanol formation, which indirectly suggests that the role of CO in the industrial methanol process relates to the change in reduction potential of the synthesis gas. For the Ni/Cu(100) surface it is found that Ni does not promote the rate of methanol formation from mixtures containing CO{sub 2} and H{sub 2}. In opposition, admission of CO to the reaction mixture leads to a significant increase in the rate of methanol formation with a turnover frequency/Ni site {approximately}60 {times} the turnover frequency/Cu site at Ni coverages below 0.1 ML making it a rather substantial promoting effect. It is found that the admission of CO to the synthesis gas creates segregation of Ni to the surface, whereas this is not the case for amore » reaction involving CO{sub 2} and H{sub 3}. It is suggested that CO acts strictly as a promoter in the system and the authors ascribe the increase in activity to a promotion through gas phase induced surface segregation of Ni.« less


Objectives: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a cardiopulmonary disease without effective cure. The objective of this study is to test the hypothesis that PAH patients have a distinct gut mi...


media supplements is often high, but they are critical in maintaining the pluripotency of cells. Therefore, it is important to ensure that the growth factors are maintained in the growth media at the proper concentrations. Growth media for cell culture is often sterile filtered in an effort to minimize the risk of contamination. Polyethersulfone (PES) membrane filters are used for this purpose due to the low protein binding and low extractable properties of the material. Filtering media for highly sensitive stem cells, however, introduces the possibility of removing important growth factors or adding compounds from the filter that may adversely affect the culture. To avoid this, many researchers add the most critical components (e.g. LIF) to the media after filtering. While this preserves the integrity of these components, it can be a vehicle for contamination.


The concept of automated vehicle (AV) is not new and automated transit (AT) or driverless trains have been operating for more than four decades. The existing Automated Guideway Transit (AGTS) systems have much to offer and can serve as examples for, and provide guidance to, current automated vehicle development. This manuscript provides detailed definitions of individual modes under the umbrella of automated transit family before describing systematic analyses of historical developments for automated transit (AT), especially Personal Rapid Transit (PRT). The main contribution of this research to the Automated Transportation Community is to identify the key factors influenced the success or failure of various automated transit modes and/or applications during the past half century. Stakeholders engaged or interested in developing or advancing automated vehicles today could learnt from the PRT development process and avoid repeating any mistakes and/or expedite the vehicle automation development.


The unique biodiversity in Malaysia makes this country a global hotspot for different aspects of research. Many European and non-native research activities are conducting by different research groups, whereas local institutions also collaborate with them to explore the pristine nature of west (peninsular Malaysia) and East Malaysia (Sarawak and Sabah province). East Malaysia is located in Borneo Island, and the biodiversity of this area are huge. The current review work scrutinized the information about the research activities on aquatic bivalve species and their different aspects of the investigation. This investigation revealed, to date 28 research publications were published on aquatic bivalves from eastern Malaysia, where biodiversity, conservation and ecology was the major aspect of research. The other aspects were aquaculture, natural history and taxonomy, nutritional study, reproduction of bivalve, morphology, and pollution can be mentionable. The major portion of this eastern Malaysia are not investigated and it is assumed that many species are still not reported. Further studies demand to explore the vast bivalve biodiversity of this part of Malaysia.
Asian Australas. J. Biosci. Biotechnol. 2021, 6 (2), 50-59


Buruli ulcer (BU) is a neglected tropical disease of the skin and subcutaneous tissue caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans. The disease has been reported from over 30 countries with most cases coming from West Africa. While it is commonly accepted that BU is not acquired by human-to-human transmission both the environmental reservoir of the pathogen and the mode of transmission to humans remain to be identified. Clinically BU presents with a wide range of forms which includes non-ulcerative lesions and ulcers with undermined edges. Much of the pathology of a M. ulcerans infection is believed to be caused by its unique ability to produce the macrolide toxin called mycolactone which causes tissue necrosis and local immunosuppression. BU can be diagnosed by microscopy, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), culturing and histology, however due to lack of access to laboratory facilities, cases are often diagnosed based on clinical symptoms only. Historically, BU was treated using wide scale excision, but since 2004 the WHO recommends the use of streptomycin and rifampicin daily for 8 weeks to treat the infection.
In the framework of this PhD thesis we have established a new BU field research site in the Mape Basin of Cameroon and studied various aspects of BU epidemiology, differential diagnosis and transmission at this location. As a basis for our research, we conducted an exhaustive house-by-house survey for BU, leprosy and yaws in the Bankim Health District. Following the survey we closely monitored and studied all BU cases detected in the region. By supporting local laboratory diagnosis with real time-PCR (RT-PCR) and culturing, we were able to identify and describe a case of cutaneous tuberculosis which was initially diagnosed as BU. This patient highlighted the importance of further support to improve clinical differential diagnosis of BU in remote endemic areas. Eighty-eight of all the RT-PCR confirmed BU cases identified in the Mape Basin in the course of our research were studied in detail. By mapping the patients' homes we were able to describe the distribution of BU in the area and to identify highly endemic communities. Based on the population age data collected in the survey we were also able to compute the age adjusted cumulative incidence rate of BU, revealing that children below the age of five were underrepresented among cases of BU. By analysing serological responses of patients and community members from BU endemic areas in the Mape Basin and Ghana against an immunodominant antigen of M. ulcerans, we have observed a similar late onset of seroconversion, indicating that BU transmission intensifies when preschool children start moving further away from home. To identify potential sites of M. ulcerans transmission, we screened sites of environmental contact at the homes and farms of laboratory confirmed BU patients for the presence of M. ulcerans DNA. In this analysis we identified three RT-PCR positive permanent village water sites and by studying one of these sites longitudinally in great detail we obtained evidence that M. ulcerans can persist in underwater detritus. This niche of M. ulcerans may represent an environmental reservoir and a source of infection of the pathogen. To further elucidate BU transmission pathways we have generated a set of clinical isolates of M. ulcerans from the Mape Basin for a phylogeographic analysis of the distribution of the currently circulating haplotypes of M. ulcerans based on whole genome sequencing. By the routine culturing from clinical specimens and the evaluation of different transport media and decontamination methods we were further able to develop an optimized protocol for the primary isolation of M. ulcerans after long term storage of samples.
Our interdisciplinary research approach including biomedical and social science research elements, including future behavioural studies in young children, may eventually help to elucidate transmission and to improve control of BU.


Four-dimensional differential-form formalism is applied to define the duality transformation between electromagnetic fields and sources. The class of linear media invariant in any non-trivial duality transformation is labeled as that of self-dual media. It is shown that the medium dyadic of a self-dual medium,which represents a mapping between the two electromagnetic field two-forms,satisfies a quadratic algebraic equation. Further,it is shown that fields and sources in a self-dual medium can be decomposed in two uncoupled sets each self-dual with respect to a duality transformation. Also,for each of the decomposed fields the original medium can be replaced by a simpler effective medium. Splitting the electromagnetic problem in two self-dual parts can be used to simplify the solution process because differential equations for fields are reduced to those with second-order scalar operators. This is applied to find plane-wave solutions for the general self-dual medium.


In this paper, using t -norm T , the notion of (imaginable) T -fuzzy subalgebras and (imaginable) T -fuzzy closed ideals of BG -algebras are introduced and investigated their related results. Relationship between an imaginable T -fuzzy subalgebra and an imaginable T -fuzzy closed ideal are given. The direct product and T -product of T -fuzzy subalgebras of BG -algebras are discussed.


The invention relates to a method for operating an amusement ride (1), in particular roller coaster, receiving at least one along a route moving and at least one passenger (30) vehicle (2), in which (a driving with the vehicle by means of a traveling business-specific computer program 2) generates corresponding virtual reality, and (on a (the passenger 30) of a vehicle 2) associated with the head-mounted display (20) depending on the position of the vehicle (2) on the driving route and as a function of the position and / or orientation of the Head-mounted displays (20) is illustrated. According to a first solution of the invention provides that the traveling business-specific computer program having on a communication interface (10.1) the mobile terminal (10) of the passenger (30) is executed. According to a second solution according to the invention provided that the traveling business-specific computer program is executed on a to the vehicle (2) firmly connected device, wherein the device is formed with connection means for connecting the head-mounted display (20) of the passenger (30). The invention further relates to an amusement ride (1), in particular roller coaster for performing the method according to the invention.


Three-dimensional printed denture base resins are relatively new materials, and their properties need to be thoroughly investigated to assess whether they can be used clinically. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the colour stability of 3D printed and conventional denture base resins after immersion in different staining solutions. A total of 200 specimens were manufactured from two types of materials: 3D printed dental resin NextDent Denture 3D+ (NextDent, 3D Systems, the Netherlands) and heat-polymerized PMMA Vertex (3D Systems, the Netherlands), which were immersed in four types of colourants—artificial saliva, coffee, red wine and coke (n = 25). For measuring the colour changes (CIE-L*a*b* system), a SpectroShade Micro spectrophotometer (SpectroShade, Oxnard, CA, USA) was used. After seven days (T1), 14 days (T2) and 21 days (T3), the mean ∆E values were calculated and compared by the Bonferonni post hoc test. The data were processed using the statistical software SPSS 26. The level of significance for rejecting the null hypothesis was fixed at p < 0.05. The highest mean values for ∆E were found for both types of dental resin in red wine, and the lowest mean values for ∆E were found for 3D printed specimens in artificial saliva. The 3D printed denture base resin demonstrated better colour stability than the conventional acrylic materials. The staining effect correlated with the immersion time, with the red wine and coke having the strongest chromogenic impact and the period with the highest colour changes being 21 days.


—Given that attention precedes an eye movement to a target It becomes possible to use fixation sequences to probe the spa-tiotemporal dynamics of search Applying this method to a realistic search task, we found eye movements directed to the geometric centers of progressively smaller groups of objects rather than accurate fixations to individual objects in a display Such a binary search strategy is consistent with zoom-lens models positing an initially broad distribution of search, followed by a narrowing of this search region until only the target is selected We also interpret this oculo-motor averaging behavior us evidence for an initially parallel search analysis that becomes increasingly serial as the search process converges on the target Visual search, the process by which one locates a target in a cluttered scene, is a common and important behavior that has defied definitive understanding despite decades of diligent research Two faetors have combined to make the study of this topic exceedingly difficult First, search movements and shifts of selective visual attention are almost certainly intertwined Any complete descnption of search must therefore also address these difficult-to-observe underlying attenuon movements, as well as assume a theoretical stance among the vanous metaphors for attenuonal function (e g , spotlights, zoom lenses, filters, channels) Seeond, visual search is more than the time taken by an observer to detect a target and press a button It is instead a nchly complex behavior having both a spaual and a temporal dynamic Most search studies, however, largely discard this spauo-temporal lnformauon by collapsing the seareh proeess into a single measure of reaetion time (RT) Sueh reliance on a dependent measure that cannot direetly resolve these search dynamics introduees unexplained vanability into every search expenment and fuels the endless debates that threaten to paralyze research into the process of visual search A newfound relationship between eye movements and directed visual attenuon offers a promising method of avoiding both of these difficulties Although it is eertainly possible to shift visual attenuon without making an accompanying eye movement a review of this and related topics) Specifically, shift in visual attenUon to a locaUon in space must accompany an ye movement to that same locaUon This associaUon is believed to be lie to a shared neural substrate between covert attentional onenting and oculomotor programming Typically, selecuon of a target in a spaUally organized neural map would elicit both an attenuonal movement and an eye …


Based on ArcSDE, this paper has proposed a new construction and management method for spatial database which has better performance than the traditional method. Up to now, there are four kinds of management about GIS database:whole file pattern, the combination pattern of file and DBMS, whole DBMS pattern and object oriented pattern. In fact, the two former ones is managed by separating spatial data and attribute data, which results into many problem: the low query efficiency, the higher management difficulty, the problem of data communion, etc. Object oriented pattern, however, still need further research. So, for a long space it is still need DBMS co-work to constructe spatial database.ArcSDE is a server software product of ESRI used to access massively large multiuser geographic databases stored in relational database management systems (RDBMS). Being different from other database product (Oracel Spatial), ArcSDE provides a suite of services that enhance data management performance, extend the range of data types that can be stored in a RDBMS, enable schema portability between RDBMSs, and offer configuration flexibility.


The Hot Spring was rich and utilized universally longer in the territory of Shanxi province than that in other province.It was used for bathing,therapy and irrigating,especially for sightseeing of distinguished feature in loess plateau in Shanxi province.In addition,The hot spring had multi-purpose utilization,for example,breeding fish,making paper,milling grain and others in Shanxi province.It had important position in the history of exploiting and utilizing hot spring in China.By the way of making on-the-spot investigation and analyzing literature,for the sake of one reference,the writer made a textual research and depicted the history of exploitation and utilization of hot spring in Shanxi.


Firms can use dividends and/or share repurchases to distribute cash to shareholders. Jagannathan, Stephens, and Weisbach (2000) argue that managers tend to use dividends to pay out permanent cash flows and repurchases to pay out temporary cash flows. This paper examines Korean firms' decisions on their choices between paying out cash flows in the form of dividends or share repurchases. We focus on the permanence of cash flows. To complete this analysis, we decompose cash flows into a transitory component and a permanent one of each firm, employing the approach of Beveridge and Nelson (1981). We find that higher permanent cash flows increase the probability of a dividend increase, while higher temporary cash flows increase the probability of repurchases. And Korean firms tend to choose both dividend change and repurchases when temporary cash flows increase, rather than to choose only repurchases without dividend change. These empirical results show that Korean firms take into consideration of permanence of cash flows in the choice of their payout methods.


In this paper, we present the results of a field analysis and a literature review of the country-of-origin effect. The field analysis involved over 300 questionnaires completed by Argentinian youths, aged 18–30, living in the city of Buenos Aires. The aim of the study was to analyze and verify the hypothesis that, following the major Argentinian economic crisis, European companies can find business opportunities in the market of young Argentinians (ages 18–30) with medium-high levels of income, because the concept of "place of origin" can contribute to the purchase of European products, mainly through two particular intangible elements: the strong desire of people to escape from the crisis condition, and the traditional affections between people in Argentina and Europe. The study reveals positive correlations between the place-of-origin effect, the connections of a particular cluster of consumers with Europe, and the opportunities of European companies to gain business in Argentina following the economic crisis.


In this paper we consider switched nonlinear systems with otherwise arbitrary compact index sets and subjected to different switching constraints. We present invariance principles for these systems and derive, by using observability-like notions, some convergence criteria which enable us to analyze the convergence of solutions of switched systems with restrictions originating from the timing of the switchings, state-dependent constrained switching and switching whose logic has memory, i.e., the active subsystem can only switch to a prescribed subset of subsystems.


OBJECTIVE
To determine the ACV susceptibility in Thai HSV clinical isolates.

MATERIAL AND METHOD
One hundred thirty HSV isolates from the Virology Laboratory Unit, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok Thailand had typing done by immunofluoresent assay using monoclonal antibody specific to either HSV-1 or HSV-2. Their sensitivity to ACV (IC50) was determined by plaque reduction assay.

RESULTS
The IC50 of 77 HSV-1 isolates ranged from 0.07-0.97 microg/ml and that of 53 HSV-2 isolates was 0.13-1.66 microg/ml. The standard HSV-1 (KOS) and HSV-2 (Baylor 186) were included in each run. The mean + standard deviation (SD) of ACV IC50 among HSV-1 and HSV-2 isolates were 0.38 +/- 0.23 and 0.50 +/- 0.32 microg/ml while that of standard HSV-1 and HSV-2 were 0.45 +/- 0.13 and 0.57 +/- 0.04 microg/ml. Statistically significant difference between IC50 of HSV-1 and HSV-2 isolates was indicated (p = 0.02).

CONCLUSION
No ACV(r) HSV has been detected and ACV susceptibility of HSV-2 has more resistance than that of HSV-1.


Passenger compartment devices for collection and selective sorting of different types of waste electrical and electronic equipment by providing them with safe storage and operation process. Carrier with devices for collection and selective sorting of different types of waste electrical and electronic equipment providing them with a secure storage provided at its front hollow adapted to the dimensions of each type of waste electrical and electronic equipment. Each hole has graphic elements that relate to the type of waste electrical and electronic equipment with a corresponding hole, guiding the user citizen. In each of the gaps a dynamic store gravity roller is housed. The process involves several stages 1st ergonomic and the waste electrical and electronic equipment for the citizen reception. 2nd Dynamic Transport of different waste electrical and electronic equipment and classified. 3rd ergonomic reception by the worker-operator service. Download 4th and tidy, covered and secure collection adapted to transport requirements and management.


Psychology is recognized as an autonomous technical-scientific area, evidence-based, particularly involved in the promotion of global health, prevention and treatment of psychological disorders, aiming to increase health gains. Its integration into the different levels of care has been progressive, meeting standards of quality, effectiveness, equity, guaranteeing the safety of citizens and respect for human rights. Hospitals constitute one of the most important health care environments where clinical and health psychology has expanded as a specific career. This article reviews the historical path of Psychology integration in hospital care, its identity construction, and the specificity of its actions in several clinical domains, supporting a close articulation with medical and non-medical specialties and various fields of scientific knowledge. Some of the main future challenges in this area of knowledge are discussed, with a view of maximizing mental health protective factors and mitigating vulnerabilities in specific groups.


Screen house trials were conducted in Soil and Plant Nutrition Division in Rubber Research Institute of Nigeria. In Screen house four rate of Mycorrhizae was used (M0, M1, M2 and M3), NPK and Poultry manure was three rate (0, F1 and e rate F2) giving a total of twelve (12) treatment combination. Each treatment was replicated three times. The rates used in the Screen house are equivalent to 0, 500 g, 0.83 g and 600 g/polybag in 5 kg of soil. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design in 2014 cropping season. which gave rise to 12 treatments which is as follows: M1F0–Glomusmosseae, M2F0–Glomusclarius, M3F0–Glomusdeserticola, M0F1– Chemical Fertilizer 15:15:15 (NPK), M0F2– Poultry Manure, M1F1–Glomusmosseae+ NPK 15:15:15, M2F1–Glomusclarius+ NPK 15:15:15, M3F1–Glomusdeserticola + NPK 15: 15:15, M1F2–Glomusmosseae + Poultry Manure, M2F2–Glomusclarius+ Poultry Manure, M3F2–Glomusdeserticola +Poultry Manure and M0F0 which was the Control respectively. Soil samplings were obtained before and after application of soil treatment at 0-15cm depth. Plant data; height, girth leaf area and number of leaves were collected at monthly interval for seven (7) months, The result showed general improvements in the chemical properties after application of treatments. In all the cropping seasons, seven months recorded a higher growth response of Hevea brasiliensis saplings plant height, girth, leaf area and number of leaves with values of (140.3, 133.0, 90.1, 81.2, 68.9 and 56.6 cm), (11.9, 10.5, 9.4, 9.1, 7.2 and 7.1 cm), (69.9, 50.7, 45.6, 32.8, 29.8 and 26.3 cm) and (25.3, 20.0, 15.3, 15.3, 14.0 and 13.3) respectively. The result obtained showed that at 7 months after treatment application there were significant difference (P<0.05) in Organic matter, Nitrogen, Magnesium, Calcium and Sodium with the highest value 6.74, 0.22, 6.40, 2.60 and 0.25 respectively in Glomus deserticola +Poultry Manure.


Background: The purpose of this study was to find the prevalence of ankle sprain in paediatric football player. Method: Ethical clearance was obtained from the institutional ethical committee. School students playing football were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. After consent from parents, the footballers were asked a set of questions related to ankle sprain. And accordingly study was carried out to find the prevalence of ankle sprain in paediatric footballers. Results: After analysing the data, it was found that 46% of children had ankle sprain. Among this 46% of population, inversion type of ankle sprain was most common with prevalence of 36% followed by eversion with prevalence of 7%. Conclusion: After analysis it was concluded that the prevalence of ankle sprain was 46%.


In the Middle Ages, food presentations were more important then how the food taste. And in this digital era, since the past few years that kind of concept revert in such an unexpected way—through food sharing on Instagram. The activity of sharing food to Instagram has become a worldwide phenomenon, including in Indonesia. This activity often referred as 'foodstagram'. The popularity of 'foodstagram' cannot be separated from how the food presented, because the main purpose of 'foodstagram' were trying to tease and arousing the appetite of anyone who sees it. This study become important in nowadays society. Through the virtual ethnography this study try to understand the aesthetics of 'foodstagram' as a cultural artifact by some Indonesia 'foodstagramer'.

Keywords: Foodstagram, Instagram, Aesthetics


Beautiful Queestown, New Zealand, was hot to the nearly 300 scientists from around the globe that came together to participate in the 5th SPARC General Assembly in 2008 meant that a lot has happened since SPARC hat its last "family reunion" in Bologna, Italy. SPARC's evaluation has continued and its reach has extended to inluce aspects of the troposphere which have links with the stratosphere


Flux trapping in the 9.3 GHz modulated microwave absorption spectra observed near 4 K from ceramic and powdered ceramic specimens of two separately prepared YBa_2Cu_3O_7-δ samples has been used to separate the intergranular and intragranular contributions to the spectra. In the denser, glassy sample, a broad absorption with a peak near 400 Oe for forward sweeps was observed with appreciable intensity after the maximum flux was trapped. This spectrum is attributed to intergranular junctions, since its relative intensity was reduced on powdering and suspending in wax. In the less dense, more uniform sample, the latter spectrum was appreciably weaker in both ceramic and powder. Both types of junction appear to contribute to the narrow low-field absorption which was observed after zero field cooling in all the samples.


Polymers are known to improve the fatigue resistance of sphalt mastics. However, undesirable results can be obtained if the polymer is not successfully integrated into the bitumen binder. The goal of this work is to evaluate the effect of the addition of three selected polyolefins on their mastic's fatigue performance. Low and high density polyethylenes (LDPE and HDPE) and polypropylene (PP) were chosen and used at the concentration of 4 wt.%. A dissipated energy approach was used in order to analyze the fatigue resistance, at 25 oC, of the three composites studied. Dynamic time sweeps at and above the linear viscoelastic threshold were carried out. Based on that, the results demonstrated a better improvement when the LDPE was considered. For that binder, fluorescence optical microscopy observations at 25 oC provided morphological evidence of a more homogeneous bitumen-polymer distribution which could be behind the improved fatigue behavior.


Key Points Question What are outcomes of high-acuity overnight postoperative care using a highly structured advanced recovery room care (ARRC) model in medium-risk surgical patients? Findings In this cohort study of 854 adult noncardiac surgical patients, compared with usual ward care, ARRC resulted in a statistically significant 50% decrease in in-hospital medical emergency response–level complications and 2 more postoperative days at home. Meaning In this study, ARRC was associated with reduced major postoperative complications and increased days at home after surgery.


Variability in seedling death of legumes because of spring frost in the USA and Canada is associated with several factors. Experiments were conducted to evaluate factors that modify frost tolerance of seedling legumes. Experiment 1 was comprised of two hardenings, three freezing temperatures, eight legume species, and four growth stages. Experiment 2 had three temperatures, four durations of temperature, and four legume species. Experiment 3 included three soil types, two soil water levels, and two legume species. At each growth stage, legume seedlings were placed in a programmable freezing chamber at 3°C and temperature decreased/increased 1°C h -1 to and from a minimum freezing temperature. Duration of minimum freezing temperature was 1 h for Experiments 1 and 3 and varied according to the treatment in Experiment 2. Hardening increased seedling survival up to 40% over unhardened seedlings across growth stages and species. Forage legumes were more frost tolerant than soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] and field pea (Pisum sativum L.) at all temperatures. Increase in duration of freezing temperature decreased the frost tolerance of all species when freezing temperature was near the LT 50 (temperature that kills 50% of seedlings). Seedling survival of both alfalfa (Medicago saliva L.) and soybean was greater in light-textured soil than the heavy-textured soil with soil water at field capacity. However, one-third of field capacity soil water allowed greater seedling survival in the heavy-textured than the light-textured soil. The results suggest that the factors studied should be considered to assess the frost tolerance of legume seedlings.


D AVID MOCATTA, who came ofa well-to-do Jewish family, was bomin 1806. About 1825he became a pupil ofSirJohn Soane(1753-1837), one ofthe most original and successfularchitects ofthe period, now near the end ofhis career, who used a very personal classicsryle.! Mocatta followed precedent, and in this matter at any rate his master's example, in taking an extended tour ofItaly, then an indispensable adjunct to architectural study, in 1829-30, sketching and measuring buildings. A large number ofhis drawings preserved in the library ofthe Royal Institute ofBritish Architects include some made in Italy at this time and others finished in later years; there are also drawings and a sketch-book demonstrating his interest in industrial processes such as brewing and glass-making. By 1839he was in practice on his own account, living, together with W.J. Mocatta, also described as an architect, and working at 32 Brunswick Square in Bloomsbury, where he remained until 1846:2 in the next year his officewas at 57 Old Broad Street, in the City. Itwas natural that his work should bear a classicstamp, but lessso that it was usually simple, straightforward, almost pedestrian, in character, lacking the interesting structural and spatial forms which are characteristic ofSoane but were not in fact carried forward by any ofhis pupils. Some ofMocatta's more interesting works were the series ofstations which he designed for the London & Brighton Railway about 1840, on which a good deal of information may be gleaned from two sources, the drawings in the R.I.B.A. and the minutes of the various committees and other documents which are preserved in the archives ofthe British Transport Commission. Before considering the buildings themselves, however, it is useful briefly to recapitulate the peculiar position of the railways to the south-east ofLondon at this time. The first railway in London was the London & Greenwich Railway, opened in three sections in 1836 and 1838. Its original terminus at London Bridge had it appears crude buildings, but that at Greenwich, completed in 1840, was a substantial structure designed by George Smith (1783-1869), architect to the Mercers' Company and a District Surveyor for the City ofLondon as well as a successful private practitioner, but now little remembered," The London & Croydon Railway was opened on 5 June 1839from the present West Croydon station to ajunction with the London & Greenwich at Bermondsey, whence trains ran to the London Bridge terminus. The stations were probably unpretentious except for Croydon.' The "atmospheric" experiment, with its three Gothic Revival pumping houses, parts of which are said still to exist, came later, in 1845. It has been stated that their architect was W. H. Brakspear, other-


Oncogenic mutations in KRAS are frequent in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and have been associated with poor prognosis and resistance to existing therapies. Thus, new therapeutic strategies are needed to treat these tumors. We have previously shown that NSCLC cells harboring KRAS mutations are more sensitive to inhibition of KRAS downstream effectors MEK and RAF and to treatment with IGF1R inhibitors than their wild-type counterparts. In order to identify complementary targets for the improvement of IGF1R and/or MEK targeting therapies, we performed a whole-genome shRNA screen in KRAS-mutant NSCLC cells. Interestingly, the list of sensitizers to IGF1R inhibitors included several genes encoding components of the mTOR pathway. Viability assays in a panel of lung cancer cell lines confirmed that combinations of IGF1R inhibitors with mTOR inhibitors, both rapalogs and kinase inhibitors, resulted in a synergistic anti-proliferative effect in KRAS-mutant NSCLC cells. Mechanistic investigations demonstrated some differences between the effects of rapalogs and mTOR kinase inhibitors although, in both cases, mTOR inhibitors increased IGF1R and AKT phosphorylation. Combination with IGF1R inhibitors blocked the reactivation of the PI3K pathway resulting in a robust suppression of PI3K and mTORC1 signaling. Notably, the inhibition of these signaling pathways was stronger in KRAS-mutant cells than in wild-type cells. Addition of a MEK inhibitor to the combination produced a more profound and durable suppression of cell proliferation and a stronger induction of apoptosis. Finally, we validated the different drug combinations in mouse models of KRAS-induced NSCLC. Results showed that the three-drug combination produced a marked tumor regression in a NSCLC mouse model driven by mutant Kras and p53 loss-of-function and also in urethane-induced lung tumors. These findings suggest potential novel therapeutic strategies for NSCLC tumors harboring KRAS mutations. Citation Format: Miriam Molina-Arcas, Christopher Moore, Sareena Rana, Febe van Maldegem, Stuart Horswell, David Hancock, Julian Downward. Identification of new combination therapies for lung tumors harboring KRAS mutations [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2987.


Abstract Ophrys sect. Pseudophrys shows a pronounced morphological variation, especially in Mediterranean Africa, a centre of radiation of this section. In Tunisia, different authors recognize between 9 and 13 species (and 5 subspecies). A multivariate analysis was performed in order to study the polymorphisms of eight critical species of Ophrys sect. Pseudophrys represented in Tunisia (O. africana, O. aspea, O. battandieri, O. eleonorae, O. gazella, O. numida, O. subfusca and O. vallesiana). The variation in 20 floral characters (including 5 ratios) were evaluated in 332 live plants belonging to 20 populations of the mentioned Tunisian representatives of sect. Pseudophrys. Two additional labellum characters were measured for the populations belonging to O. subfusca group (namely O. aspea, O. battandieri, O. numida and O. subfusca). In order to distinguish the different species, and identify characters defining their circumscription, we carried out detailed morphological analyses on two different data sets of sect. Pseudophrys, one consisting of all the currently recognized species, and another consisting of all the populations belonging to the controversial O. subfusca group. In order to summarize the overall morphological variation among Pseudophrys, a principal components analysis (PCA) and a cluster analysis of populations were conducted. To test the separation of population groups resulting from the PCA and cluster analyses, a canonical discriminant analysis (CDA) was conducted. The most discriminating characters are presented in the form of boxplots. Due to extensive overlapping in even the most distinguishing characters, it is not possible to accept O. africana as a distinct species from O. gazella, or O. numida as distinct from O. subfusca. Cytological data and chromosome counts are reported for the first time for eight Tunisian members of sect. Pseudophrys. All of the analysed species are diploids with 2n = 36 chromosomes. Neither polyploids nor aneuploids were detected. A key to the accepted species is provided.


The purpose of this study was to provide the first report of weight and dieting behaviour of college students in Cyprus. A cross‐sectional survey was administered to a convenience sample of 451 students studying at the largest private college in Cyprus. The survey was used to determine the prevalence of inappropriate dieting practices that included use of diet pills, fasting, induced vomiting and laxative use to get rid of food eaten. Body mass index and accuracy of self‐perceived weight were also determined. A high rate of underweight among females and a low rate of obesity for all students were found. Students reported unhealthy dieting behaviours including use of diet pills, fasting, induced vomiting and laxative use. The results show that there are serious weight issues for students in Cyprus and indicate that disordered dieting behaviours exist in the Mediterranean.


The effect of solidification rate on the formation of eta phase in a directionally solidified IN792 + Hf super alloy was studied. A Cr rich 'precipitate free zone' adjacent to the eutectic (gamma + gamma') was noticed in the quenched directionally solidified microstructure of the alloy. The formation of the precipitate free zone Mras due to the solidification of eutectic (gamma + gamma') which consumed a large amount of the gamma' forming elements and increased the ratio of (Ti + Hf + Ta + W)/Al in the residual liquid. The high ratio of(Ti + Hf + Ta + W)/Al in the final residual liquid induced the formation of eta phase and hence eta phase always appeared at the boundary between the eutectic regions and the dendrite core regions. The ratio of (Ti + Hf + Ta + W)/Al was decreased by the diffusion of elements between the residual liquid and the surrounding ai ea. A lower solidification rate favoured the back diffusion and decreased the ratio of (Ti + Hf + Ta + W)/Al in the residual liquid and hence reduced the formation of eta phase. MST/4279.


ABSTRACT Law and Legal Services for an Aging Population is a report in three parts. The first part deals with substantive law in areas such as access to legal services, discrimination on the basis of age, and protection of the elderly person. That first part contains a good review of some legal aspects of protection against elder abuse. Other aspects which are becoming very important such as powers of attorney in medical decisions are only touched in passing, while others such as housing accommodations and the rights of elderly persons in nursing homes are simply ignored. The second part presents the results of a survey carried in Greater Vancouver purporting to assess existing and future demands for legal services and obstacles thereto. The results are interesting mainly because so little research has been undertaken in this area. There is no conclusion and no specific recommendations result from this survey. The Third part presents a good annotated bibliography of legal cases and scholarship on selective law issues affecting elderly persons.


The quality of care of pregnant women, and more specifically the extension and the criteria of use of drugs, have been the object of an epidemiological study planned and conducted by a group of Health Visitors who have been able to include in their routine "administrative" work related to the control of women who delivered a baby within the previous 6 months a formal protocol of evaluative epidemiology. The results which have been obtained and are reported and commented in this paper may be seen not only as a piece of original information in a field where little is known, and as a baseline material for educational intervention, but also as an interesting example of how nursing personnel may have an active and "alternative" role in the fulfillment of their job.


A large literature is now devoted to the demographic crises, experienced by the USSR between 1920 and 1947. This literature more often attempts to make a global estimate of the losses of the soviet people. In this article, we present a more precise overview of such approaches, putting the stress on the geographic disparities and the important contrasts between generations, led by these crises. For this aim, in a first part, the censuses and their comparison with incomplete data of the civil registration lead us to present a regional geography of demographic crises. Such a reconstruction is therefore used as a basis of a comparison between soviet crises and those experienced during the XIX century Russian Empire.
In a second part, the different age structures presented in the 1897 to 1989 censuses are corrected to obtain exact annual age structures. The uses of a specific statistical method helped us to give precise reconstructions. It is therefore possible to describe in detail the future of all the generations who have experienced these critical years. Moreover, our reconstruction gives the indispensable basis of a critical study on the soviet demographic dynamic reconstitution, which have been done by rather different authors. It finally gives interesting precision on the last trends, and, especially, on the degradation of infant mortality from the 70ies.


Nitinol is a shape memory alloy based on the inter-atomic compound having a composition of 50 atom percent each of Ni and Ti, NiTi. The shape memory effect results from a reversible martensitic phase transformation. An increasing solubility range with temperature on the Ni rich side can produce a precipitation reaction resulting in a slight matrix composition adjustment with appropriate heat treatment. Electrolytic phase extraction (Andrews, K.W. et al.. 1957) was utilized to evaluate the secondary phases present in the alloy and a positive identification of Ti2Ni and TiC was made using powder wide angle X-ray diffraction procedures (WAXRD). Two samples of a Ni rich alloy identified as 57% and 60% were also analyzed. These Ni rich samples showed Ti2Ni and an additional phase, Ni3Ti.


This paper presents findings from a study conducted in an urban elementary school in the United States with an English language learner (ELL) student and two teachers engaged in collaborative teaching in an inclusion science classroom. This study examines the efficacy of utilising cogenerative dialogues between an ELL student and his science teacher and English as second language teacher to improve instructional practices enacted during coteaching. Drawing from field notes, teacher and student interviews, and video captured during cotaught science lessons and during cogenerative dialogues between the student and his coteachers, we examined the ways in which cogenerative dialogue expands teachers' agency to adapt curriculum and implement instructional strategies that can better meet the needs of their students. At the same time, we examined the ways in which participation in cogenerative dialogues with his teachers expanded this student's agency as a science learner and a language learner.


Construction enterprises are faced with major changes of the construction industry and market, and innovation has become an important development measure for the construction enterprises to cope with the market crisis, expand the living space, and create a new profit point. This paper analyzes the necessity of innovation-driven development of construction enterprises, and puts forward the general direction and five mainly path of innovation. Finally, this paper analyzes the obstacles in the innovation process, and evaluates risk of innovation-driven development of construction enterprise based on AHP-Entropy weight-Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation.


An analytical solution based on Laplace transforms is developed for the problem of radionuclide transport is developed for the problem of radionuclide transport along a discrete planar fracture in porous rock. The solution takes into account advective transport in the fracture, longitudinal hydrodynamic dispersion along the fracture axis, molecular diffusion from the fracture into the rock matrix, sorption within the rock matrix, sorption onto the surface of the fracture, and radioactive decay. The longitudinal-dispersion-free solution, which is a closed form, is also reported. The initial concentration in both the fracture and the rock matrix is assumed to be zero. An exponentially decaying flux is used for the inlet boundary condition. In addition to the radionuclide concentration in both the fracture and the rock matrix, the mass flux in the fracture is provided. The analytical solution is in the form of a single integral that is evaluated by a Gauss-Legendre quadrature for each point in space and time. A comparison between the concentration profiles with a flux-type inlet boundary condition and those with a concentration-type inlet boundary condition shows that the concentration profile is strongly influenced by the inlet boundary condition when the retardation factor of the rock matrix is high.


Marie LATHERS: Fin-de-siecle Eves in Villiers de l'Isle-Adam and Angela Carter. Leon B. LITVACK: The Road to Rome: Muriel Spark, Newman and the Nevertheless Principle. Terry DEHAY: Pablo Neruda's Canto General: Revisioning the Apocalypse. Linda LEDFORD-MILLER: The Perverse Passions of Dalton Trevisan. J.R.C. PERKIN: Exodus Imagery in The Grapes of Wrath. Michael J. MEYER: Finding a New Jerusalem: The Edenic Myth in John Steinbeck. Lorna MILNE: The Iconography of Michel Tournier: Thabor or Golgotha? Ed BLOCK: Experience, Existence and Mystery: Biblical Ideas of Justice in Post-Colonial Fiction. Rachel F. BRENNER: A.M. Klein and The Second Scroll: The Poetics of Post-Holocaust Consciousness. Lois PARKINSON ZAMORA: Deciphering the Wounds: The Politics of Torture and Julio Cortazar's Literature of Embodiment.


Natural pasture dominated by Sorghum halepense or Andropogon contortus was cut at the preflowering stage and given to appetite to sheep for 27 days. Values, with digestibility in parentheses, were DM 29.5 (49) and 38.5 (47) and in DM, crude protein (CP) 5.9 (43) and 4.4 (29), ether extract 1.2 (42) and 1.6 (42), fibre 34.9 (63) and 39.1 (63), nitrogen-free extract 51.4 (53) and 47.7 (40), and total digestible nutrients (TDN) 55.8 and 47.4, respectively. Daily intakes 100 kg bodyweight were DM 2.36 and 1.82 kg, digestible CP 59 and 21 g and TDN 1.31 and 0.86 kg. Daily N balances were +0.63 and -1.55 g


We precipitately express opinions about religion without reflecting critically on our conception of it, and may blame it for conduct that the religious traditions themselves judge unbecoming. A distinction can be drawn between the raw, natural self of the untrained person and the well-tempered demeanour of a spiritually developed person. Such a distinction drives the appropriation of religious beliefs and can survive their demise. 'Religious belief' is not to be conflated with Abrahamic notions of 'belief in God' and 'faith'. There are other versions of transcendence and other psycho-dramas. One possible form of transcendence is available within the moral life of human beings.


The article is based on field research and analyzes the status quo of street children relief at reformatory school.Considering the difficulties emerged in the process of street children relief of reformatory school,the article,combining the case subjects with the environment,tries to propose some plausible strategies from an angle of the strengths perspective of social work and find out some resolutions to the problem.


Abstract Guidelines come and go, and each successive guideline hopefully brings with it an improvement in the understanding, diagnosis and management of the condition in question. The Montreal definition and classification of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) is an excellent, well-constructed guideline, compiled by world authorities on the subject, after exhaustive consultation.1 The aim of any guideline is to achieve wide recognition and ensure uniformity in approach.


Ligand-passivated metal nanoclusters with both high stability and catalytic activity have been pursued for long time to shed light on the underlying rationale of ligand-functionalized metal nanocatalysts in chemical transformations....


This paper introduces some countermeasures of Internet of Things security protection in three parts. The first part introduces the common security countermeasures, the second part introduces a security structure model of the Internet of things, and the third part introduces the protection measures of Internet of things using IPv6 protocol.


Results: At baseline the average systolic blood pressure (SBP) was 134,2 18,6, diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was 84,8 14,1 and pulse pressure (PP) was 48,2 12,5 mm Hg. Average CAP was 101,9 13,3 mmHg, systolic AP 126,2 16,7 and mean PP 36,7 8,7 mmHg. Patients with ''office'' HTN had significantly higher indicators of arterial stiffness comparing with normotensive patients (AI – 26,5 5,9 vs 24,0 5,8% and PVW – 8,5 1,9 vs 6,5 1,4 m/s, P< 0.05).


The environment as one of the key determinants of mental health outcomes. Among the dimensions explored, climate change as a global environmental threat creates psychological distress and anxiety about the future. Climate change furthermore has direct impacts on mental health (e.g., heat stress) and indirectly affects social support systems, cultural traditions, and environmental conditions. Alternatively, a wealth of evidence suggests a relationship between human exposure to a wide range of chemical substances and negative mental health outcomes, including depression, anxiety ASD, ADHD and other psychiatric and neurological conditions.Insufficient daylight is reliably associated with increased depressive symptoms. Indirectly, the physical environment may influence mental health by altering psychosocial processes with known mental health sequelae. Personal control, socially supportive relationships, and restoration from stress and fatigue are all affected by properties of the built environment. More prospective, longitudinal studies and, where feasible, randomized experiments are needed to examine the potential role of the physical environment in mental health. Even more challenging is the task of developing underlying models of how the built environment can affect mental health. It is also likely that some individuals may be more vulnerable to mental health impacts of the built environment. Because exposure to poor environmental conditions is not randomly distributed and tends to concentrate among the poor and ethnic minorities, we also need to focus more attention on the health implications of multiple environmental risk exposure. 1. professor and Head,2Assistant professors,3&4Residents Index Medical College Indore


Thermal radiation, as a ubiquitous physical phenomenon, plays an important role in various research fields of science and engineering. Traditional understanding of thermal radiation mainly relies on Planck's law, which describes the energy exchanging efficiency of entire thermal radiation process. However, recent studies indicated that comparing with the macroscopic object obeying Planck's law, the thermal radiation in nanophotonic structures is obviously abnormal. This is due to the fact that the nanostructures' featured size or neighboring space are much smaller than the thermal wavelength. It is important to notice that by well designing the material, size, and structure pattern, the thermal radiation is tunable and controllable. Furthermore, the nanophotonic structures enabling the radiative cooling effects promise to possess the tremendous applications including energy, ecology, etc. In this review paper, firstly, we briefly describe the fundamental theory of thermal radiation, as well as the history and latest progress, such as, enhanced radiative heat transfer, the near-field radiation in two-dimensional materials, and the overall far-field enhancement. Secondly, we focus on the newly available daytime radiative cooling system, which is based on metamaterials or desired nanophotonic structures, pursuing the best cooling performances. Finally, we detail the checklists of remarkable applications, ranging from building cooling and dew collection to solar cell cooling. In addition, we also point out the broad future of radiation cooling technology of nanometer optical materials in promoting the management and transformation of desert ecological environment.